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61 φοίνισσα
φοίνιξ, -ισσαa Phoenician, Carthaginian ὁ Φοίνιξ ὁ Τυρσανῶν τ' ἀλαλατὸς (a coalition of Carthaginians and Etruscans was defeated by Hieron's navy off Cumae 474/3 B. C.) P. 1.72τόδε μὲν κατὰ Φοίνισσαν ἐμπολὰν μέλος ὑπὲρ πολιᾶς ἁλὸς πέμπεται P. 2.67
b redπέτρας φοίνισσα κυλινδομένα φλὸξ ἐς βαθεῖαν φέρει πόντου πλάκα P. 1.24
φοίνισσα δὲ Θρηικίων ἀγέλα ταύρων P. 4.205
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62 φυά
φῠά (-ᾶς, -ᾷ, -άν.)a nature (dat. only)σοφὸς ὁ πολλὰ εἰδὼς φυᾷ O. 2.86
τὸ δὲ φυᾷ κράτιστον ἅπαν O. 9.100
“ φυᾷ τὸ γενναῖον ἐπιπρέπει ἐκ πατέρων παισὶ λῆμα” P. 8.44 χρὴ δ' ἐν εὐθείαις ὁδοῖς στείχοντα μάρνασθαι φυᾷ (“nach seiner Natur,” Dornseiff) N. 1.25φυᾷ δ' ἕκαστος διαφέρομεν N. 7.54
b esp.,I bodily nature, stature “τὸν μὲν ἄρρηκτον φυάν, ὥσπερ τόδε δέρμα με νῦν περιπλανᾶται θηρός” (Herakles speaks of Aias) I. 6.47σθένει τ' ἔκπαγλος ἰδεῖν τε μορφάεις, ἄγει τ ἀρετὰν οὐκ αἴσχιον φυᾶς I. 7.22
ἑάν τ' ἔφανεν φυάν (sc. Ἡρακλέης) Πα. 2. 12. πρὸς εὐάνθεμον δ' ὅτε φυὰν λάχναι νιν μέλαν γένειον ἔρεφον (i. e. physical maturity) O. 1.67II body, frame ἐμβάλλων τ' ἐριπλεύρῳ φυᾷ κέντρον αἰανὲς (of oxen) P. 4.235 -
63 ὥσπερ
1 just asa c. ind. “τὸν μὲν ἄρρηκτον φυάν, ὥσπερ τόδε δέρμα με νῦν περιπλανᾶται θηρός” I. 6.47b c. subs. τόθι λύτρον συμφορᾶς Τλαπολέμῳ ὥσπερ θεῷ πομπὰ καὶ κρίσις (in formula sacrali, Schr.) O. 7.79 ἐξίει δ' ὥσπερ κυβερνάτας ἀνὴρ ἱστίον ἀνεμόεν ( ὥστε codd. plerique) P. 1.91 -
64 βαίνω
βαίνω (inf.Aβαίμεναι Hsch.
), [tense] fut.βήσομαι Il.2.339
, etc., [dialect] Dor.βᾱσεῦμαι Theoc.2.8
, etc.: [tense] pf.βέβηκα Il.15.90
, etc., [dialect] Dor.βέβᾱκα Pi.I.4(3).41
, etc., with shortd. formsβεβάᾱσι Il.2.134
, [var] contr. (lyr.), Eu.76, etc.; subj. βεβῶσι ([etym.] ἐμ-) Pl.Phdr. 252e; inf.βεβάμεν Il.17.359
, (lyr.); part.βεβαώς, -αυῖα Il.14.477
, Hom.Epigr.15.10, [var] contr. βεβώς: [tense] plpf.ἐβεβήκειν Il.11.296
, etc., [dialect] Ep.βεβήκειν 6.495
; sync. [ per.] 3pl.βέβᾰσαν 17.286
, etc.: [tense] aor. 2ἔβην Il. 17.112
, etc., [dialect] Dor.ἔβᾱν Pi.O.13.97
, etc.; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.βῆ Il.13.297
, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3 dual βάτην [ᾰ] 1.327, [ per.] 3pl.ἔβαν A.Pers.18
(lyr.), ([etym.] κατ-) S.Tr. 504 (lyr.), [dialect] Ep.βάν Il.20.32
; imper. βῆθι, [dialect] Dor. (lyr.); βᾱ in compds. ἔμβα, κατάβα, etc., [ per.] 2pl. , Eu. 1033 (lyr.); subj. βῶ, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. βήῃ ([etym.] ὑπερ-) Il.9.501,βήω 6.113
, (Cret.), [dialect] Dor. βᾶμες (for βῶμεν) Theoc.15.22; opt. βαίην; inf. βῆναι ([dialect] Att. Prose only in compds.), [dialect] Ep.βήμεναι Od.19.296
, [dialect] Dor.βᾶμεν Pi.P.4.39
; part. βάς βᾶσα βάν, [dialect] Dor. pl.ἐκ-βῶντας Th.5.77
:— [voice] Med., [dialect] Ep.[tense] aor.1 ἐβήσετο ([etym.] ἀπ-) Il.1.428:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pres. (v. infr.A.11.1): in compds., [tense] aor. ἀν-, παρ-, ξυν-εβάθην, X.Eq.3.4, Th.3.67, 4.30; laterπαρ-εβάνθην D.C.48.2
,al.; ἀνα-, παρα-, ξυμ-βέβᾰμαι, X.Eq.Mag.1.4, Th.1.123, 8.98;παρα-βέβασμαι D.17.12
: [tense] fut. παρα-βαθήσομαι Sch.E. Hec. 802.—For the [voice] Act. [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. 1, v. infr. B; for [tense] pres. part. βιβάς, v. βίβημι.—In correct [dialect] Att. Prose the [tense] pres. βαίνω is almost the only tense in use; but in compds. Prose writers used all tenses freely.A in the above tenses,I intr., walk, step, prop. of motion on foot,ποσὶ βήσετο Il.5.745
, etc.; but also of all motion on ground, the direction being commonly determined by a Prep.:—the kind of motion is often marked by a part., βῆ φεύγων, βῆ ἀΐξασα, Il.2.665, 4.74: c. part. [tense] fut., denoting purpose, βῆ ῥ' Ἶσον.. ἐξεναρίξων he went to slay, Il.11.101: with neut. Adj. as Adv.,σαῦλα ποσὶν β. h.Merc.28
;ἁβρὸν β. παλλεύκῳ ποδί E.Med. 1164
, cf. 830 (lyr.); ἴσα or ὁμοίως β. τινί, D.19.314, X.Eq.1.3;ἐν ποικίλοις β. A.Ag. 936
, cf. 924; march or dance, μετὰ ῥυθμοῦ, ἐν ῥυθμῷ, Th.5.70, Pl.Lg. 670b: freq. c. inf. in Hom., βῆ δ' ἰέναι set out to go, went his way, Il.4.199, etc.;βῆ δ' ἴμεν 5.167
, etc.; βῆ δὲ θέειν started to run, 2.183, etc.;βῆ δ' ἐλάαν 13.27
: c. acc. loci,νέας Od.3.162
, cf. S.OT 153 (lyr.), OC 378; ἐπὶ νηὸς ἔβαινεν was going on board ship, Od.11.534; butἐν δὲ ἑκάστῃ [νηῒ].. ἑκατὸν καὶ εἴκοσι βαῖνον
were on board,Il.
2.510; ἐφ' ἵππων βάντες having mounted the chariot, 18.532; ἐπὶ πώλου βεβῶσα mounted on.., S.OC 313;ἐς δίφρον Il.5.364
; ; βαίνειν δι' αἵματος wade in blood, Id.Ph. 20.2 in [tense] pf., stand or be in a place,χῶρος ἐν ᾧ βεβήκαμεν S.OC52
; βεβηκὼς σφόδρα firmly poised (opp. κρεμάμενος) Pl.Ti. 62c; β. μάχη steady fight, Plu.Phil.9: freq. almost, = εἰμί ( sum), εὖ βεβηκώς on a good footing, well established, prosperous, [θεοὶ] εὖ βεβηκότας ὑπτίους κλίνουσ' Archil.56.3
;τυραννίδα εὖ βεβηκυῖαν Hdt.7.164
, cf. S.El. 979; εὖ βίου βεβηκότα prob. forἐν βίῳ βεβιωκότα Nicom.
Com.2;ἀσφαλέως βεβηκὼς ποσσί Archil.58.4
;ἐπισφαλῶς βεβ. LXX Wi.4.4
;ἄγαλμα βεβηκὸς ἄνω τὰ κάτω δὲ κεχηνός Eub.107.23
; οἱ ἐν τέλει ἐόντες, βεβῶτες, they who arein office, Hdt.9.106, S.Ant.67; τοῦτον οὐχ ὁρῇς ὅκως βέβη-[κεν] ἀνδριάντα; Herod.4.36; [λίθους] ἐν ταῖς ἰδίαις χώραις βεβηκότας IG7.3073.163
(Lebad.);ἐν κακοῖς βεβ. S.El. 1057
; μοίρᾳ οὐκ ἐν ἐσθλᾷ β. ib. 1095 (lyr.); βοῦς, κλεὶς ἐπὶ γλώσσῃ βέβηκεν, v. βοῦς IV,κλείς 4
;φρόνει βεβὼς ἐπὶ ξυροῦ τύχης S.Ant. 996
.b Geom. of figures, stand on a base, , cf. Apollon.Perg.Con.3.3; *Stereom.1.31; of an angle, stand on an arc, ἐπί τινος, πρός τινι, Euc.3Def.9, cf. 16.26.c βεβηκὼς ῥυθμός stately rhythm, Syrian.in Hermog.1p.69R.; ἀνάπαυσις ib.p.18 R.3 go away, depart,ἐν νηυσὶ φίλην ἐς πατρίδ' Il.12.16
; ἔβαν ἄγοντες, ἔβαν φέρουσαι, have gone and taken away, 1.391, 2.302;ἄφαρ βέβακεν S.Tr. 134
;θανάσιμος βέβηκεν Id.OT 959
, cf. 832;βεβᾶσι φροῦδοι E.IT 1289
; βέβηκα euphem. for τέθνηκα, A.Pers. 1002 (lyr.); of things, ἐννέα ἐνιαυτοὶ βεβάασι nine years have come and gone, Il.2.134; πῇ ὅρκια βήσεται; ib. 339, cf. 8.229.6 c. part. as periphr. for [tense] fut.,βαίνω καταγγέλλων PMag.Par.1.2474
.II c. acc., mount, Hom. only in [tense] aor. [voice] Med.βήσασθαι δίφρον Il.3.262
, Od.3.481: in [voice] Act. ([tense] fut. part. [voice] Med.βησόμενος Them.Or.21.248b
), of the male, mount, cover, Pl.Phdr. 250e, Achae.28, Arist.HA 575a13, etc.:—in [voice] Pass., ἵπποι βαινόμεναι brood mares, Hdt.1.192.2 c. acc. cogn.,β. Δωρίαν κέλευθον ὕμνων Pi.Fr. 191
;Καλλαβίδας Eup.163
; ἔβα ῥόον went down stream, i.e. died, Theoc.1.140.b metaph. of metre, scan, D.H.Comp.21 ([voice] Pass.), Aristid. Quint.1.23,24, etc.; is scanned,Arist.
Metaph. 1093a30.3 χρέος ἔβα με debts came on me, Ar.Nu.30;ὀδύνα μ' ὀδύνα βαίνει E.Hipp. 1371
(lyr.).4 Poet. with acc. of the instrument of motion,βαίνειν πόδα E.El.94
, 1173 (lyr.).5 βαίνειν· φιλεῖν, κολακεύειν, Hsch.B Causal, in [tense] fut. βήσω, ([etym.] ἐπι-) Il.8.197, ([etym.] εἰς-) E.IT 742: [tense] aor. 1 ἔβησα—make to go, φῶτας βῆσεν ἀφ' ἵππων he made them dismount, Il.16.810; ἀμφοτέρους ἐξ ἵππων βῆσε κακῶς he brought them down from the chariot in sorry plight, 5.164;ὄφρα βάσομεν ὄκχον Pi.O. 6.24
.—Rare in Trag. (exc. in compds.), E.Med. 209 (lyr.).—The simple Verb is uncommon in later Gr. (For βάμ-yω, cf. Lat. venio, Skt. gamyáte; βάσκω corresponds to Skt. gácchati (g[uglide]ṃ-sk-); root g[uglide]em- in OHG. quëman 'come'; ἔβην, βήσομαι fr. root g[uglide]ā-, Skt. jigāti, [tense] aor. ágāt.) -
65 βιάζω
A constrain, [voice] Act. once in Hom.,ἦ μάλα δή με βιάζετε Od.12.297
;ἐβίασε τὴν γυναῖκά μου Alc.Com.29
: abs., εἰ πάνυ ἐβίαζον if they used force, Hp.Epid.2.24; cf. infr.1.2:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.βιασθήσομαι Paus. 6.5.9
: [tense] aor. ἐβιάσθην, [tense] pf. βεβίασμαι (v. infr.):— to be hard pressed or overpowered,βελέεσσι βιάζεται Il.11.589
; βιάζετο γὰρ βελ. 15.727;βιασθέντες λύᾳ Pi.N.9.14
;νόσῳ Ar.Fr.20
(= Trag.Adesp.70); to be forced or constrained to do, c. inf., Id.Th.890: c. acc. cogn.,βιάζομαι τάδε S.Ant.66
, cf. 1073; ;ἐπεὶ ἐβιάσθη Th.4.44
;ὑπό τινος Id.1.2
; opp. ἀδικεῖσθαι, ib.77;βιασθεὶς ἄκων ἔπραξεν D.6.16
;ἵνα ἢ συγχωρήσωσιν.. ἢ βιασθῶσιν Id.18.175
; ; βεβιασμένοι forcibly made slaves, X.Hier.2.12; πόλεις βεβ. Id.HG5.2.23: ; τὸ βιασθέν those who are forced, Arist.Pol. 1255a11; of things, τοὔνειδος ὀργῇ βιασθέν forced from one by anger, S.OT 524; τὸ βεβιασμένον forced to fit a hypothesis, Arist.Metaph. 1082b2; βεβ. σχήματα forced figures of speech, D.H.Th.33, cf. Porph.Antr. 36.2 [voice] Act., make good, suffice to discharge a debt, PFlor.56.13.II more freq. βιάζομαι, [tense] aor. [voice] Med. ἐβιασάμην, [tense] pf.βεβίασμαι D.19.206
, Men.Sam.63, D.C.46.45:—overpower by force, press hard,ἦ μάλα δή σε βιάζεται ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς Il.22.229
, etc.; β. τοὺς πολεμίους dislodge them, X.An.1.4.5; β. νόμους to do them violence, Th. 8.53; βιασάμενος ταῦτα πάντα having broken through all these restraints, Lys.6.52; β. γυναῖκα force her, Ar.Pl. 1092; opp. πείθειν, Lys.1.32; β. αὑτόν lay violent hands on oneself, Pl.Phd. 61c, 61d; β. τινά, c. inf., force one to do, X.An.1.3.1; τί με βιάζεσθε λέγειν; Arist. Fr.44: with inf. omitted, β. τὰ σφάγια force the victims [ to be favourable], Hdt.9.41;β. ἄστρα Theoc.22.9
: c. dupl. acc.,αὐδῶ πόλιν σε μὴ β. τόδε A.Th. 1047
.2 c. acc. rei, carry by force, βιάσασθαι τὸν ἔκπλουν force an exit, Th.7.72;τὴν ἀπόβασιν Id.4.11
: c. acc. neut., And.4.17, X.HG5.3.12.3 abs., act with violence, use force, A.Pr. 1010, Ag. 1509 (lyr.), S.Aj. 1160, etc.;πρὸς τὸ λαμπρὸν ὁ φθόνος βιάζεται Trag.Adesp.547.12
; opp. δικάζομαι, Th.1.77; β. διὰ φυλάκων force one's way, Id.7.83; β. ἐς τὸ ἔξω, β. εἴσω, ib.69, X.Cyr.3.3.69;δρόμῳ β. Th.1.63
: c. inf.,β. πρὸς τὸν λόφον ἐλθεῖν Id.7.79
; βιαζόμενοι βλάπτειν using every effort to hurt me, Lys.9.16; but βιαζόμενοιμὴ ἀποδιδόναι refusing with violence to repay, X.HG5.3.12: esp. in part., ἵνα βιασάμενοι ἐκπλεύσωσι may sail out by forcing their way, Th.7.67;συνεξέρχονται βιασάμενοι X.An.7.8.11
; ἐπὶ μᾶλλον ἔτι β. (of a famine) grow worse and worse, Hdt.1.94.4 contend or argue vehemently, c. inf., Pl.Sph. 246b; β. τὸ μὴ ὂν ὡς ἔστι κατά τι ib. 241d: abs., persist in assertion, D.21.205. -
66 βούλομαι
βούλομαι ([dialect] Ep. also [full] βόλομαι, q. v.), [dialect] Dor. [pref] βώλ- (q. v.), [dialect] Aeol. [pref] βόλλ- (v. βόλομαι), Thess. [pref] βέλλ- IG9(2).517.20, [dialect] Boeot. [pref] βείλ- ib.7.3080, [pref] βήλ- SIG1185.18 (Tanagra, iii B. C.), [dialect] Locr.and Delph. [pref] δείλ- IG9(1).334.3, GDI2034.10, Coan, etc. [pref] δήλ- (q. v.), [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 2sg.Aβούλεαι Od.18.364
, Hdt.1.11: [tense] impf.ἐβουλόμην Il.11.79
, etc.; , D.1.15, etc.; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl. ἐβουλέατο codd. in Hdt.1.4, 3.143: [tense] fut.βουλήσομαι A.Pr. 867
, S.OT 1077, etc.; later [tense] fut. βουληθήσομαι v.l. in Aristid.Or.48(24).8, Gal.13.636: [tense] aor. ἐβουλήθην, also ἠβ- (v. infr.), , IG22.1236, etc., but [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. subj. [ per.] 3sg. βούλεται (from Βόλς-ε-ται) Il.1.67: [tense] pf.βεβούλημαι D.18.2
; also βέβουλα ([etym.] προ-) Il.1.113 ( ἐβέβουλε dub. in Epigr. in Berl.Sitzb.1894.907):— forms with augm. ἠ- are found in [dialect] Att. Inscrr. from 300 B.C. onwards, as IG22.657, al., and occur frequently in Mss. as ἠβούλοντο v.l.in Th. 2.2, 6.79,ἠβούλου Hyp.Lyc.11
; said to be Ionic in An.Ox.2.374.— An [voice] Act. βούλητε ( = βούλησθε ) Mitteis Chr.361.10 (iv A. D.):—will, wish, be willing, Hom., etc.: usu. implying choice or preference (cf. IV) opp. ἐθέλω 'consent',εἰ βούλει, ἐγὼ ἐθέλω Pl.Grg. 522e
, cf. R. 347b, 437b;ἐὰν βούλῃ σὺ.. ἐὰν θεὸς ἐθέλῃ Id.Alc.1.135d
; ; ; but ἐθέλω is also used = 'wish', λέξαι θέλω σοι, πρὶν θανεῖν, ἃ βούλομαι, E.Alc. 281 (soἐθέλω εἰπεῖν Pl.Prt. 309b
, butφράσαι τι βούλομαι Ar.Pl. 1090
): Hom. uses βούλομαι for ἐθέλω in the case of the gods, for with them wish is will: ἐθέλω is more general, and is sts. used where βούλομαι might have stood, e.g. Il. 7.182.—Construct.: mostly c. inf., , etc.; sts. c. inf. [tense] fut., Thgn.184; c. acc. et inf., Od.4.353, and freq. in Prose: when βούλομαι is folld. by acc. only, an inf. may generally be supplied, as καί κε τὸ βουλοίμην (sc. γενέσθαι) Od.20.316; ἔτυχεν ὧν ἐβούλετο (sc. τυχεῖν) Antiph.18.6; πλακοῦντα β. (sc. σε λέγειν) Id.52.11; καὶ εἰ μάλα βούλεται ἄλλῃ [Ποσειδάων] (sc. τοῦτο γενέσθαι) Il.15.51; so εἰς τὸ βαλανεῖον βούλομαι (sc. ἰέναι) Ar.Ra. 1279; βουλοίμην ἄν (sc. τόδε γενέσθαι) Pl.Euthphr.3a.2 in Hom. of gods, c. acc. rei et dat. pers., Τρώεσσιν.. ἐβούλετο νίκην he willed victory to the Trojans, Il.7.21, cf. 23.682: later c. acc., τὸ βουλόμενον τὴν πολιτείαν πλῆθος that supports the constitution, Arist.Pol. 1309b17.II [dialect] Att. usages:1 βούλει or βούλεσθε folld. by Verb in subj., βούλει λάβωμαι; would you have me take hold? S.Ph. 761; βούλει φράσω; Ar.Eq.36, cf. Pl.Phd. 79a, R. 596a; ποῦ δὴ βούλει ἀναγνῶμεν; Id.Phdr. 228e.2 εἰ βούλει if you please, S.Ant. 1168, X.An.3.4.41; also εἰ δὲ βούλει, ἐὰν δὲ βούλῃ, to express a concession, or if you like, Pl.Smp. 201a, etc.;εἰ μὲν β., φρονήσει, εἰ δὲ β., ἰσχύι Id.R. 432a
.3 ὁ βουλόμενος any one who likes, Hdt.1.54, Th.1.26, etc.;ἔδωκεν ἅπαντι τῷ βουλομένῳ D.21.45
; ὁ β. the 'common in former', Ar. Pl. 918 (whence, in jest, βούλομαι ib. 908); ὅστις βούλει who or which ever you like, Pl.Grg. 517b, Cra. 432a.4 βουλομένῳ μοί ἐστι, c. inf., it is according to my wish that.., Th.2.3;εἰ σοὶ β. ἐστὶν ἀποκρίνεσθαι Pl.Grg. 448d
; alsoτὰ θεῶν οὕτω βουλόμεν' ἔσται E.IA33
; τὸ κεἰνου βουλόμενον his wish, ib. 1270; but with pass. sense, τὸ β. the object of desire, Luc.Am.37, Plu.Art.28.5 τί βουλόμενος; with what purpose? Pl.Phd. 63a, D.18.172; ;S.
El. 1100.III mean, Pl.R. 362e, 590e, etc.; τί ἡμῖν βούλεται οὗτος ὁ μῦθος; (folld. by β. λέγειν ὡς ..) Id.Tht. 156c;τί β. σημαίνειν τὸ τέρας D.H.4.59
; βούλεται εἶναι professes or pretends to be, Pl.R. 595c;β. τὸ ὄνομα ἐπικεῖσθαι Id.Cra. 412c
; freq. in Arist., τὸ ἀκούσιον βούλεται λέγεσθαι οὐκ εἰ .. EN 1110b30; β. ἄσωτος εἶναι ὁ ἕν τι κακὸν ἔχων ib. 1119b34; β. ὁ πρᾶος ἀτάραχος εἶναι ib. 1125b33; tend to be,ἡ τοῦ ὕδατος φύσις β. εἶναι ἄχυμος Id.Sens. 441a3
; β. ἤδη τότε εἶναι πόλις ὅταν .. Id.Pol. 1261b12, cf. 1293b40; ἡ φύσις β. μὲν τοῦτο ποιεῖν πολλάκις, οὐ μέντοι δύναται ib. 1255b3, cf. GA 778a4, al.IV folld. by ἤ .., prefer, for βούλομαι μᾶλλον (which is more usu. in Prose), βούλομ' ἐγὼ λαὸν σόον ἔμμεναι ἢ ἀπολέσθαι I had rather.., Il.1.117, cf. 23.594, Od.3.232, 11.489, 12.350;β. τὸ μέν τι εὐτυχέειν.. ἢ εὐτυχέειν τὰ πάντα Hdt.3.40
; β. παρθενεύεσθαι πλέω χρόνον ἢ πατρὸς ἐστερῆσθαι (for πολὺν χρόνον, μᾶλλον ἤ ..) ib. 124, cf. E.Andr. 351; less freq. without ἤ.., πολὺ βούλομαι αὐτὴν οἴκοι ἔχειν I much prefer.., Il.1.112, cf. Od.15.88. (g[uglide]el-g[uglide]ol-, cf. the dialectic forms.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > βούλομαι
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67 γε
γε, [dialect] Dor. and [dialect] Boeot. [full] γα, enclitic Particle, giving emphasis to the word or words which it follows.I with single words, at least, at any rate, but often only to be rendered by italics in writing, or emphasis in pronunciation: τὸ γὰρ.. σιδήρου γε κράτος ἐστίν such is the power of iron, Od.9.393; εἴ που πτωχῶν γε θεοὶ.. εἰσίν if the poor have any gods to care for them, 17.475;μάλιστά γε 4.366
; ὅ γ' ἐνθάδε λεώς at any rate the people here, S.OC42, etc.: with negs., οὐ δύο γε not even two, Il.5.303, 20.286; οὔκουν φθόγγος γε not the least sound, E.IA9.2 with Pronouns: with Pron. of [ per.] 1st Pers. so closely joined, that the accent is changed, in ἔγωγε, ἔμοιγε (also ἔγωγα [dialect] Lacon., but ἐγώνγα, ἰώνγα [dialect] Boeot.): in Hom. freq. with Art. used as Pron., v. ὅ γε: with demonstr. Pronouns, κεῖνός γε, τοῦτό γε, etc.: in Com. coalescing with -ί final, ; τουτογί, ταυταγί, etc., Id.V. 781, Pax 1057, etc. (but ): after possess. Pronouns,ἐμόν γε θυμόν Il.20.425
, etc.: freq. after relat. Pronouns, ὅς γε, οἵ γε, etc.,οἵ γέ σου καθύβρισαν S.Ph. 1364
;ὅς γ' ἐξέλυσας δασμόν Id.OT35
, etc.; ὅσον γε χρῄζεις even as much as.., ib. 365;οἷόν γέ μοι φαίνεται Pl.R. 329a
: rarely with interrog. Pronouns,τίνα γε.. εἶπας
;E.
Tr. 241; ;S.
Ph. 441.3 after Conjunctions, to emphasize the modification or condition introduced by the subjoined clause, πρίν γε, before at least, sts. repeated,οὐ μὲν.. ὀΐω πρίν γ' ἀποπαύσεσθαι, πρίν γε.. αἵματος ἆσαι Ἀρῆα Il.5.288
, cf. Od.2.127; πρὶν ἄν γε or πρίν γ' ἄν, Ar.Eq. 961, Ra.78, etc.; ; ;ἐπεί γε X.An.1.3.9
;ἐπειδή γε Th.6.18
;ὅπου γε X.Cyr.2.3.11
; εἴ γε, ἐάν γε, if that is to say, if really, Th.6.18, Pl.Phdr.25<*>c; also simply to lay stress on the condition, κἄν γε μὴ λέγω and if I do not.., Ar.Ach. 317; εἴπερ γε if at any rate, Hdt.7.16.γ, 143, etc.; ὥστε γε (v.l. ὥς γε), with inf., so far at least as to.., Pl.Phdr. 230b;ὥς γ' ἐμοὶ χρῆσθαι κριτῇ E.Alc. 801
; ὥς γε or ὥσπερ γε as at least, S.Ant. 570, OT 715, etc.:—γε may follow τε, when τε is closely attached to the preceding word,ὡς οἷόν τέ γε μάλιστα X.Mem.4.5.2
, Pl.R. 412b; ; :—for its use in opposed or disjunctive clauses, v. infr. 11.3.4 after other Particles, καὶ μὴν.. γε, οὐ μὴν.. γε, with words intervening, X.Mem.1.4.12, E.Alc. 518, etc.; after ἄν in apodosi, when preceded by οὐ or καί, Id.Ph. 1215, Or. 784; ἄταρ.. γε but yet, Ar.Ach. 448; καίτοι γε, v. καί τοι; ἀλλά γε (without intervening words) is f.l. in Pl.Hp.Ma. 287b (leg. ἀλλ' ἄγε), R. 331b ( ἀλλά γε ἕν codd.,ἀλλὰ ἕν γε Stob.
); ἀλλά γε δή dub. in Id.Phdr.262a; later, Plu.2.394c, Ael.NA10.49 codd.: but,5 when preceding other Particles, γε commonly refers to the preceding word, while the Particle retains its own force: but sts. modifies the sense of the following Particle, γε μήν nevertheless,πάντως γε μήν Ar.Eq. 232
, cf. E.El. 754, X., etc.; [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion.γε μέν Il.2.703
, Od.4.195, Hdt.7.152; , S.Tr. 484; , X.An.2.3.9, etc.: γε δή freq. strengthens an assertion, A.Pr.42, Th.2.62, etc.;οἰόμεθά γε δή Pl.Euthd. 275a
(cf. also 11.1); γέ τοι, implying that the assertion is the least that one can say, Ar.V. 934, Pl. 424, 1041, etc.; ; , Pl.Phdr. 264b;γέ τοί που Id.Lg. 888e
; , etc.; γέ που at all events, any how, Ar. Ach. 896, Pl.R. 607d, 478a, etc.; for γε οὖν, v. γοῦν.II exercising an influence over the whole clause:1 epexegetic, namely, that is, Διός γε διδόντος that is if God grant it, Od.1.390; κλῦθι, Ποσείδαον.., εἰ ἐτεόν γε σός εἰμι if indeed I am really thine, 9.529: hence to limit, strengthen or amplify a general assertion, ἀνὴρ.. ὅστις πινυτός γε any man— at least any wise man, 1.229; freq. preceded by καί, usu. with words intervening, ἦ μὴν κελεύσω κἀπιθωΰξω γε πρός ay and besi <*>es that.., A.Pr.73; παρῆσάν τινες καὶ πολλοί γε some, ay and a great many, Pl.Phd. 58d;καὶ γελοίως γε Id.R. 531a
; freq. with the last term in an enumeration,ταύτῃ ἄρα.. πρακτέον καὶ γυμναστέον καὶ ἐδεστέον γε καὶ ποτέον Id.Cri. 47b
;ὄψεις τε καὶ ἀκοαὶ καὶ.. καὶ ἡδοναί γε δή Id.Tht. 156b
; repeated, ; rarely without intervening words,καί γε ὁ θάνατος διὰ τὴν μοίρην ἔλαχεν Hp.Septim.9
, cf. Lys.11.7 codd.;καί γε.. ἐκχεῶ Act.Ap.2.18
: hence,2 in dialogue, in answers where something is added to the statement of the previous speaker, as ἔπεμψέ τίς σοι.. κρέα; Answ. καλῶς γε ποιῶν yes and quite right too, Ar.Ach. 1049; κενὸν τόδ' ἄγγος, ἢ στέγει τι; Answ. σά γ' ἔνδυτα .. yes indeed, your clothes, E. Ion 1412; οὕτω γὰρ ἂν μάλιστα δηχθείη πόσις. Answ. σὺ δ' ἂν γένοιο γ' ἀθλιωτάτη γυνή yes truly, and you.., Id.Med. 817, cf. S.OT 680, etc.; πάνυ γε yes certainly, Pl.Euthphr.8e, etc.; οὕτω γέ πως yes somehowso, Id.Tht. 165c; sts. preceded by καί, καὶ οὐδέν γ' ἄτοπον yes and no wonder, ib. 142b, cf. d, 147e; sts. ironically,εὖ γε κηδεύεις πόλιν E.IT 1212
.3 to heighten a contrast or opposition,a after conditional clauses, εἰ μὲν δὴ σύ γ'.., τῷ κε Ποσειδάων γε .. if you do so, then at all events Poseidon will.., Il.15.49 sq.; ἐπεὶ πρὸς τοῦτο σιωπᾶν ἥδιόν σοι.. τόδε γε εἰπέ at any rate tell me this, X.Cyr. 5.5.20;εἰ μὴ τὸ ὅλον, μέρος γ' ἐπιβάλλει D.18.272
:—sts. in the protasis, εἰ γὰρ μὴ ἑκόντες γε.. ἀλλ' ἀέκοντας .. Hdt.4.120.b in disjunctive sentences to emphasize an alternative, ἤτοι κεῖνόν γε.. δεῖ ἀπόλλυσθαι ἢ σέ .. Id.1.11; ;πατὴρ δ' ἐμός.. ζώει ὅ γ' ἢ τέθνηκε Od.2.131
, cf. Il.10.504: also in the second clause,εἰπέ μοι, ἠὲ ἑκὼν ὑποδάμνασαι ἤ σέ γε λαοὶ ἐχθαίρουσι Od.3.214
, cf. Hdt.7.10.θ, S.OT 1098 sq.4 in exclamations, etc., ὥς γε μή ποτ' ὤφελον λαβεῖν dub. in E.IA70, cf. S.OC 977, Ph. 1003, Ar.Ach.93, 836, etc.; in oaths, οὔτοι μὰ τὴν Δήμητρά γ' v.l. in Ar.Eq. 698;μὰ τὸν Ποσειδῶ γ' οὐδέποτ' Id.Ec. 748
;καὶ ναὶ μὰ Δία γε X.Ap.20
;καὶ νὴ Δία γε Ar.Eq. 1350
, D.Chr.17.4, Luc. Merc.Cond.28, Lib.Or.11.59, etc.: with words intervening, καὶ νὴ Δί', ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, ἕτεροί γε .. D.13.16;νὴ Δία, ὦ Ἀθηναῖοι, ὥρα γε ὑμῖν X.HG7.1.37
; merely in strong assertions, τίς ἂν φιλέοντι μάχοιτο; ἄφρων δὴ κεῖνός γέ .. Od.8.209, etc.5 implying concession, εἶμί γε well then I will go (in apodosi), E.HF 861;δρᾶ γ' εἴ τι δράσεις Id.IA 817
, cf. Andr. 239.III γε freq. repeated in protasis and apodosis, as πρίν γε.., πρίν γε, v. supr.1.3;εἰ μή γε.. τινὶ μείζονι, τῇ γε παρούσῃ ἀτιμίᾳ Lys.31.29
; even in the same clause, , cf. Hdt.1.187, E.Ph. 554, Pl.R. 335b, Grg. 502a.IV POSITION: γε normally follows the word which it limits; but is freq. placed immediately after the Article, asὅ γε πόλεμος Th.1.66
, etc.; or the Prep.,κατά γε τὸν σὸν λόγον X.Cyr.3.1.15
;ἔν γε ταῖς Θήβαις S.OT 1380
; orδέ, νῦν δέ γε Pl.Tht. 144e
; τὸ δέ γε ib. 164b;δοῖμεν δέ γέ που ἄν Id.R. 607d
, cf. Phd. 94a, etc.; freq. in retorts, ἁμές ποκ' ἦμες ἄλκιμοι νεανίαι. Answ.ἁμὲς δέ γ' εἰμές Carm.Pop.18
; οὐκ οἶδ' ὅτι λέγεις. Answ.ἡ γραῦς δέ γε οἶδ', ὡς ἐγῷμαι Men.Epit. 577
, cf. A.Th. 1031, etc. -
68 γελάω
γελάω, [dialect] Ep. [full] γελόω Od.21.105, [dialect] Aeol. [full] γέλαιμι Hdn.Gr.2.463, al.; [dialect] Ep. part.Aγελόωντες Od.18.40
, γελώοντες, -ώωντες, or - οίωντες ib. 111, cf. 20.390; [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf. γελώων or- οίων 20.347
; [dialect] Dor. part. γελᾶσα, [ per.] 3pl. γελᾶντι, Theoc.1.36,90; [dialect] Aeol.γελαίσας Sapph.2.5
: [dialect] Att. [tense] fut. , X.Smp.1.16, etc.; laterγελάσω AP2.178
(Mel.), 11.29 (Autom.), Anacreont.38.8, etc.: [tense] aor. , etc.; [dialect] Ep.ἐγέλασσα Il.15.101
; [dialect] Dor.ἐγέλαξα Theoc.20
. <*>, v.l.ib.7.42; [ per.] 3pl. γέλαν for ἐγέλασαν Poet. ap. EM255.6:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.- ασθήσομαι D.L.1.78
, Luc.Am.2: [tense] aor.ἐγελάσθην D.2.10
, ([etym.] κατ-) Th.3.83, Pl. Euthphr.3c, etc.: [tense] pf. γεγέλασται ([etym.] κατα-) Luc.DMort.1.1.I abs., laugh,ἁπαλὸν γελάσαι Od.14.465
;ἀχρεῖον γ. 18.163
; ;δακρυόεν γ. Il.6.484
;μηδὲν ἵλεων γ. S.Aj. 1011
; ἡ δ' ἐγέλασσε χείλεσιν, of feigned laughter, Il.15.101; ἐγέλασσε δέ οἱ φίλον ἦτορ his heart laughed within him, 21.389;γελῶ ὁρῶν Hdt.4.36
:—[voice] Pass., εἵνεκα τοῦ γελασθῆι αι for the sake of a laugh being raised, D.2.19.2 of things,γέλασσε δὲ πᾶσα περὶ χθών Il. 19.362
;γαῖά τε πᾶσ' ἐγέλασσε h.Cer.14
;γελᾷ δέ τε δό ματα πατρός Hes.Th.40
;γελῶντα ὑδάτη Lyr.Alex.Adesp.32.4
.II laugh at,ἐπ' αὐτῷ ἡδὺ γέλασσαν Il.2.270
, 23.784;ἐπ' ἀλλήλοισι γελῶσιν Thgn. 1113
; γελᾷ δὲ δαίμων ἐπ' ἀνδρὶ θερμῷ laughs scornfully at.., A.Eu. 560 (lyr.); ἐπί τινι at a thing, X.Mem.4.2.5, Pl.Phlb. 50a: freq. c. dat.,γελᾷ δὲ τοῖσδε.. ἄχεσιν πολὺν γέλωτα S.Aj. 957
(lyr.), cf. 1043, Ar. Nu. 560; ἐγέλασα ψολοκομπίαις was amused at them, Id.Eq. 696;ὅταν ποτ' ἀνθρώποισιν ἡ τύχη γελᾷ Philem.110
;εἰς ἐχθροὺς γ. S. Aj.79
;ἐν κακοῖσι τοῖς ἐμοῖς A.Ch. 222
: rarely c. gen. pers., (lyr.), cf. Pl.Tht. 175b, Luc.Dem.Enc.16, Procop.Goth.4.28 (v.l.).2 c. acc., deride,τινά Theoc.20.1
;ἢ τόδε γελᾶτε, εἰ..
;X.
Smp.2.19; τί δὲ τοῦτ' ἐγέλασας ἐτεόν; what is this you are laughing at? Ar.Nu. 820:—[voice] Pass., to be derided, A.Eu. 789 (lyr.), S.Ant. 839 (lyr.);πρός τινος Id.Ph. 1023
;παρά τινος Id.OC 1423
. -
69 γνωρίζω
A :—make known, point out, A.Pr. 487, LXX 1 Ki.10.8, al., Ep.Rom.0.22:—in this sense mostly [voice] Pass., become known, Pl.R. 428a, Arist.APr. 64b35;τὰ γνωριζόμενα μέρη τῆς οἰκουμένης Plb.2.37.4
.2 c. acc. pers., make known,τινά τινι Plu.Fab.21
; commend,τινὰ τῇ βουλῇ ἰσχυρῶς App. Mac.9.6
.II gain knowledge of, become acquainted with, discover, c. part., ;τὰ καλὰ γ. οἱ εὐφυέες πρὸς αὐτά Democr.56
, cf. E.Alc. 564, Th.7.44, Arist.Ph. 184a12:—[voice] Pass., Th.5.103, Men.72; γ. περί τι orπερί τινος Arist.Metaph. 1005b8
, 1037a16.2 become acquainted with, , D.35.6;τινὰς ὁποῖοί τινές εἰσι Isoc.2.28
:— [voice] Pass., ἐγνωρισμένοι αὐτῷ being made acquainted with him, ibid.;πρός τινος Luc.Tim.5
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > γνωρίζω
-
70 δῆλος
δῆλος (also [dialect] Dor., Archyt.1, Theoc.11.79, etc., and [dialect] Aeol., cf. πρόδηλος), η, ον, also ος, ον E.Med. 1197: [dialect] Ep. [full] δέελος:I prop. visible, conspicuous,δέελον δ' ἐπὶ σῆμά τ' ἔθηκε Il.10.466
, but:II commonly, clear to the mind, manifest,νῦν δ' ἤδη τόδε δ. Od.20.333
, etc.2 δ. εἰμι is freq. used c. part., δ. ἐστιν ἀλγεινῶς φέρων i.e. it is clear that he takes it ill, S.Ph. 1011, cf. OT 673, 1008, etc.; οἳ ἂν δ. ὦσι μὴ ἐπιτρέψοντες who are clearly not going to permit, Th. 1.71; withὡς, δ. ἐστιν ὥς τι δρασείων κακόν S.Aj. 326
;δ. ἔσεσθε ὡς ὀργιζόμενοι Lys.12.90
, cf. X.An.1.5.9; δ. ὁρᾶσθαι.. ὤν being as was plainly to be seen, E.Or. 350: with ὅτι and a Verb,δ. ἐστιν ὅτι.. ἀκήκοεν Ar.Pl. 333
;δ. ἡ οἰκοδομία ὅτι κατὰ σπουδὴν ἐγένετο Th.1.9
<*>;δ. ἔσται ὅτι.. Lys.12.50
: sts. the part. or relat. clause must be supplied, καταγελᾷς μου, δ. εἶ (sc. καταγελῶν) Ar.Av. 1407, cf. Id.Lys. 919; δῆλοι δέ (sc. οὐ μένοντες) Th.5.10.3 δῆλον ποιεῖν show plainly,τινὶ ὅτι.. Id.6.34
, etc.: c. part.,δῆλον ἐποιήσατε.. μηδίσαντες Id.3.64
.4 δῆλον (sc. ἐστί) it is manifest,αὐτὸς πρὸς αὑτοῦ· δῆλον S.Aj. 906
;ἀλγεινά, Πρόκνη, δῆλον Id.Fr. 585
;ἐκ πίθω ἀντλεῖς, δῆλον Theoc.10.13
; δῆλον δέ, to introduce a proof, folld. by γάρ, Th.1.11, Arist.Col. 799a5, etc.;δῆλον γάρ S.Fr.63
;δῆλον ὅτι Th.3.38
, etc.;τὰ Κύρου δῆλον ὅτι οὕτως ἔχει X.An.1.3.9
, cf. Cyr.2.4.24, etc., v. δηλονότι: in pl.,δῆλα δή, δ. δ. καὶ ταῦτα Pl.Cri. 48b
;ἢ δ. δ. ὅτι..; Id.Prt. 309a
, etc.: hence as Adv., usu. written δηλαδή (q.v.).5 Adv. δήλως is rejected by [dialect] Att., Poll.6.207. -
71 εἰ
εἰ, [dialect] Att.-[dialect] Ion. and Arc. (for εἰκ, v. infr. 11 ad init.), = [dialect] Dor. and [dialect] Aeol. αἰ, αἰκ (q. v.), Cypr.Aἤ Inscr.Cypr.135.10
H., both εἰ and αἰ in [dialect] Ep.:— Particle used interjectionally with imper. and to express a wish, but usu. either in conditions, if, or in indirect questions, whether. In the former use its regular negative is μή; in the latter, οὐ.A INTERJECTIONALLY, in Hom., come now! c. imper.,εἰ δὲ.. ἄκουσον Il.9.262
; εἰ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ φευγόντων ib.46; most freq. with ἄγε (q. v.), 1.302, al.2 in wishes, c. opt.,ἀλλ' εἴ τις.. καλέσειεν 10.111
, cf. 24.74; so later,εἴ μοι ξυνείη μοῖρα S.OT 863
(lyr.); : more freq. folld. byγάρ, αἲ γὰρ δὴ οὕτως εἴη Il.4.189
, al.;εἰ γὰρ γενοίμην ἀντὶ σοῦ νεκρός E.Hipp. 1410
;εἰ γὰρ γένοιτο X.Cyr.6.1.38
;εἰ γὰρ ἐν τούτῳ εἴη Pl.Prt. 310d
; of unattained wishes, in Hom. only c. opt.,εἰ γὰρ ἐγὼν.. Διὸς πάϊς αἰγιόχοιο εἴην Il.13.825
;Ζεῦ πάτερ, αἰ γὰρ ἐμὸς πόσις εἴη Alcm.29
; later with past tenses of ind.,εἰ γάρ μ' ὑπὸ γῆν.. ἧκεν A.Pr. 152
(anap.); εἰ γὰρ τοσαύτην δύναμιν εἶχον ὥστε .. E.Alc. 1072: twice in Od. c. inf. (cf. the use of inf. in commands),αἰ γὰρ τοῖος ἐὼν.. ἐμὸς γαμβρὸς καλέεσθαι 7.311
, cf. 24.376.b εἴθε, [dialect] Ep. αἴθε, is freq. used in wishes in the above constructions, ;εἴθ' ὣς ἡβώοιμι Il.7.157
;ἰὼ γᾶ, εἴθ' ἔμ' ἐδέξω A.Ag. 1537
(lyr.);εἴθε σοι, ὦ Περίκλεις, τότε συνεγενόμην X.Mem.1.2.46
: later c. inf.,γαίης χθαμαλωτέρη εἴθε.. κεῖσθαι AP9.284
(Crin.).c εἰ γάρ, εἴθε are also used with ὤφελον ([dialect] Ep. ὤφελλον), of past unattained wishes,αἴθ' ὤφελλες στρατοῦ ἄλλου σημαίνειν Il.14.84
; εἰ γὰρ ὤφελον [κατιδεῖν] Pl.R. 432c.d folld. by a clause expressing a consequence of the fulfilment of the wish, αἰ γὰρ τοῦτο.. ἔπος τετελεσμένον εἴη· τῷ κε τάχα γνοίης .. Od. 15.536, cf. 17.496, al.; sts. hard to distinguish from εἰ in conditions (which may be derived from this use),εἴ μοί τι πίθοιο, τό κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη Il.7.28
.B IN CONDITIONS, if:I with INDIC.,1 with all tenses (for [tense] fut., v. infr. 2), to state a condition, with nothing implied as to its fulfilment, εἰ δ' οὕτω τοῦτ' ἐστίν, ἐμοὶ μέλλει φίλον εἶναι but if this is so, it will be.., Il.1.564: any form of the Verb may stand in apodosi,εἰ θεοί τι δρῶσιν αἰσχρόν, οὐκ εἰσὶν θεοί E.Fr.292.7
;εἰ δοκεῖ, πλέωμεν S.Ph. 526
;εἰ Φαῖδρον ἀγνοῶ, καὶ ἐμαυτοῦ ἐπιλέλησμαι Pl.Phdr. 228a
;κάκιστ' ἀπολοίμην, Ξανθίαν εἰ μὴ φιλῶ Ar.Ra. 579
, cf. Od.17.475;εἰ θεοῦ ἦν, οὐκ ἦν αἰσχροκερδής· εἰ δ' αἰσχροκερδής, οὐκ ἦν θεοῦ Pl.R. 408c
;εἰ ταῦτα λέγων διαφθείρω τοὺς νέους, ταῦτ' ἂν εἴη βλαβερά Id.Ap. 30b
, cf. 25b; εἰ οὗτοι ὀρθῶς ἀπέστησαν, ὑμεῖς ἂν οὐ χρεὼν ἄρχοιτε if these were right in their revolt, (it would follow that) you rule when you have no right, Th.3.40.b to express a general condition, if ever, whenever, sts. with [tense] pres.,εἴ τις δύο ἢ καὶ πλείους τις ἡμέρας λογίζεται, μάταιός ἐστιν S.Tr. 943
: with [tense] impf.,εἴ τίς τι ἠρώτα ἀπεκρίνοντο Th.7.10
: rarely with [tense] aor., D.S.31.26.1, S.E.P.1.84; cf. 111.2.2 with [tense] fut. (much less freq. than ἐάν c. subj.), either to express a future supposition emphatically,εἰ φθάσομεν τοὺς πολεμίους κατακαίνοντες οὐδεὶς ἡμῶν ἀποθανεῖται X.Cyr.7.1.19
; ; εἰ αὕτη ἡ πόλις ληφθήσεται, ἔχεται ἡ πᾶσα Σικελία ibid.; in threats or warnings, ;εἰ τιμωρήσεις Πατρόκλῳ, αὐτὸς ἀποθανῇ Pl.Ap. 28c
, cf. D.28.21: or,b to express a present intention or expectation, αἶρε πλῆκτρον εἰ μαχεῖ if you mean to fight, Ar.Av. 759;ἐγὼ μὲν οὐκ ἀνήρ.. εἰ ταῦτ' ἀνατεὶ τῇδε κείσεται κράτη S.Ant. 485
, cf. Il.1.61, E.Hec. 863.3 with historical tenses, implying that the condition is or was unfulfilled.a with [tense] impf., referring to present time or to continued or repeated action in past time (in Hom. always the latter, Il.24.715, al.): ταῦτα οὐκ ἂν ἐδύναντο ποιεῖν, εἰ μὴ διαίτῃ μετρίᾳ ἐχρῶντο they would not be able to do this (as they do), if they did not live an abstemious life, X.Cyr.1.2.16, cf. Pl.R. 489b; οὐκ ἂν νήσων ἐκράτει, εἰ μή τι καὶ ναυτικὸν εἶχεν he ([place name] Agamemnon) would not have been master of islands, if he had not had also some naval force, Th.1.9;αἰ δ' ἦχες ἔσλων ἴμερον ἢ κάλων.. αἴδως κεν.. ἦχεν Sapph.28
; εἰ ἦσαν ἄνδρες ἀγαθοὶ.. οὐκ ἄν ποτε ταῦτα ἔπασχον if they had been good men, they would never have suffered as they did, Pl.Grg. 516e, cf. X.Mem.1.1.5; εἰ γὰρ ἐγὼ τάδε ᾔδἐ.. οὐκ ἂν ὑπεξέφυγε if I had known this.., Il.8.366.b with [tense] aor. referring to past time,εἰ μὴ ἔφυσε θεὸς μέλι.. ἔφασκον γλύσσονα σῦκα πέλεσθαι Xenoph.38
; εἰ μὴ ὑμεῖς ἤλθετε, ἐπορευόμεθα ἂν ἐπὶ βασιλέα had you not come, we should be on our way.., X.An.2.1.4;καὶ ἴσως ἂν ἀπέθανον, εἰ μὴ ἡ ἀρχὴ διὰ ταχέων κατελύθη Pl.Ap. 32d
, cf. Il.5.680, Od.4.364, D.4.5, 27.63: with [tense] plpf. in apodosi,εἰ τριάκοντα μόναι μετέπεσον τῶν ψήφων, ἀπεπεφεύγη ἄν Pl. Ap. 36a
.c rarely with [tense] plpf. referring to action finished in past or present time, λοιπὸν δ' ἂν ἦν ἡμῖν ἔτι περὶ τῆς πόλεως διαλεχθῆναι, εἰ μὴ προτέρα τῶν ἄλλων τὴν εἰρήνην ἐπεποίητο if she had not (as she has done) made peace before the rest, Isoc.5.56, cf. Pl.Ti. 21c.II with SUBJ., εἰ is regularly joined with ἄν ([dialect] Ep. κε, κεν), cf. ἐάν: Arc. εἰκαν in Tegean Inscrr. of iv B. C. (IG5(2).3.16, 31, 6.2, SIG306.34) should be understood as εἰκ ἄν (εἰ: εἰκ = οὐ: οὐκ), since εἰ δ' ἄν is also found in IG5(2).3.2, 6.45, and εἰκ alone, ib.3.21; but ἄν ([etym.] κε, κεν) are freq. absent in Hom. as Od.5.221, 14.373 (and cf. infr. 2), and Lyr., Pi. (who never uses εἰ with ἄν or κε ([etym.] ν)) P.4.266, al.; in dialects,αἰ δείλητ' ἀγχωρεῖν IG9(1).334.6
([dialect] Locr., v B. C.), cf. Foed.[dialect] Dor. ap. Th.5.79; rarely in Hdt.,εἰ μὴ ἀναβῇ 2.13
; occasionally in Trag., A.Eu. 234, S.OT 198 (lyr.), etc.; very rarely in [dialect] Att. Prose,εἰ ξυστῶσιν αἱ πόλεις Th.6.21
; : in later Prose,εἴ τις θελήσῃ Apoc.11.5
;εἰ φονεύῃ Plot.2.9.9
, cf. Procl. Inst.26.1 when the apodosis is [tense] fut., to express a future condition more distinctly and vividly than εἰ c. opt., but less so than εἰ c. [tense] fut. ind. (supr. 1.2a); εἰ δέ κεν ὣς ἕρξῃς καί τοι πείθωνται Ἀχαιοί, γνώσῃ ἔπειθ' .. if thou do thus.., thou shalt know, Il.2.364, cf. 1.128, 3.281, Od.17.549;ἂν δέ τις ἀνθιστῆται, σὺν ὑμῖν πειρασόμεθα χειροῦσθαι X. An.7.3.11
; ἂν μὴ νῦν ἐθέλωμεν ἐκεῖ πολεμεῖν αὐτῷ, ἐνθάδ' ἴσως ἀναγκασθησόμεθα τοῦτο ποιεῖν if we be not now willing, D.4.50, cf. X.Cyr. 5.3.27: folld. by imper., ἢν εἰρήνης δοκῆτε δεῖσθαι, ἄνευ ὅπλων ἥκετε ib.3.2.13, cf. 5.4.30.2 when the apodosis is present, denoting customary or repeated action, to express a general condition, if ever, ἤν ποτε δασμὸς ἵκηται, σοὶ τὸ γέρας πολὺ μεῖζον (sc. ἐστί) whenever a division comes, your prize is (always) greater, Il.1.166; ἢν ἐγγὺς ἔλθῃ θάνατος, οὐδεὶς βούλεται θνῄσκειν if death come near, E.Alc. 671; with ἄν omitted,εἴ περ γάρ τε χόλον.. καταπέψῃ ἀλλά.. ἔχει κότον Il.1.81
.b with Rhet. present in apodosis, ἐὰν μὴ οἱ φιλόσοφοι βασιλεύσωσιν, οὐκ ἔστι κακῶν παῦλα there is (i.e. can be, will be) no rest.., Pl.R. 473d.III with OPTATIVE (never with ἄν in early Gr., later ἐάν c. opt., Dam.Pr. 114, al.),1 to express a future condition less definitely than ἐάν c. subj., usu. with opt. with ἄν in apod., ἦ κεν γηθήσαι Πρίαμος Πριάμοιό τε παῖδες.. εἰ σφῶιν τάδε πάντα πυθοίατο μαρναμένοιιν surely they would exult, if they should hear.., Il.1.255, cf. 7.28, Od.3.223;εἴης φορητὸς οὐκ ἄν, εἰ πράσσοις καλῶς A.Pr. 979
;οὐδὲ γὰρ ἄν με ἐπαινοίη, εἰ ἐξελαύνοιμι τοὺς εὐεργέτας X.An.7.7.11
;οἶκος δ' αὐτός, εἰ φθογγὴν λάβοι, σαφέστατ' ἂν λέξειεν A.Ag.37
, etc.: [tense] fut. opt. is f.l. in Pl.Tht. 164a: with [tense] pres. ind. in apod., Xenoph.34.3, Democr.253: with [tense] fut.ind., Meliss.5.b in Hom.sts. with [tense] pres. opt., to express an unfulfilled present condition, εἰ μὲν νῦν ἐπὶ ἄλλῳ ἀεθλεύοιμεν, ἦ τ' ἂν ἐγὼ τὰ πρῶτα φεροίμην if we were now contending, etc., Il.23.274: rarely in Trag., εἰ μὴ κνίζοι ( = εἰ μὴ ἔκνιζε) E.Med. 568; alsoεἰ ἀναγκαῖον εἴη ἀδικεῖν ἢ ἀδικεῖσθαι, ἑλοίμην ἂν μᾶλλον ἀδικεῖσθαι Pl.Grg. 469c
.2 when the apodosis is past, denoting customary or repeated action, to express a general condition in past time (corresponding to use of subj. in present time, supr. 11.2); once in Hom.,εἴ τίς με.. ἐνίπτοι, ἀλλὰ σὺ τόν γ'.. κατέρυκες Il.24.768
; εἰ δέ τινας θορυβουμένους αἴσθοιτο.., κατασβεννύναι τὴν ταραχὴν ἐπειρᾶτο if he should see ( whenever he saw) any troops in confusion, he (always) tried, X.Cyr.5.3.55, cf. An.4.5.13, Mem.4.2.40; εἴ τις ἀντείποι, εὐθὺς ἐτεθνήκει if any one made objection, he was a dead man at once, Th. 8.66;ἀλλ' εἴ τι μὴ φέροιμεν, ὤτρυνεν φέρειν E.Alc. 755
. For εἰ c. ind. in this sense v. supr. 1.1: ind. and opt. are found in same sentence,ἐμίσει, οὐκ εἴ τις κακῶς πάσχων ἠμύνετο, ἀλλ' εἴ τις εὐεργετούμενος ἀχάριστος φαίνοιτο X.Ages.11.3
.3 in oratio obliqua after past tenses, representing ἐάν c. subj. or εἰ with a primary (never an historical) tense of the ind. in oratio recta, ἐλογίζοντο ὡς, εἰ μὴ μάχοιντο, ἀποστήσοιντο αἱ πόλεις (representing ἐὰν μὴ μαχώμεθα, ἀποστήσονται) X.HG6.4.6, cf. D.21.104, X.HG5.2.2; ἔλεγεν ὅτι, εἰ βλαβερὰ πεπραχὼς εἴη, δίκαιος εἴη ζημιοῦσθαι (representing εἰ βλαβερὰ πέπραχε, δίκαιός ἐστι) ib.32, cf. An.6.6.25; εἰ δέ τινα φεύγοντα λήψοιτο, προηγόρευεν ὅτι ὡς πολεμίψ χρήσοιτο (representing εἴ τινα λήψομαι, χρήσομαι) Id.Cyr.3.1.3; also, where oratio obliqua is implied in the leading clause, οὐκ ἦν τοῦ πολέμου πέρας Φιλίππῳ, εἰ μὴ Θηβαίους.. ἐχθροὺς ποιήσειε τῇ πόλει, i.e. Philip thought there would be no end to the war, unless he should make.. (his thought having been ἐὰν μὴ ποιήσω), D.18.145;ἐβούλοντο γὰρ σφίσιν, εἴ τινα λάβοιεν, ὑπάρχειν ἀντὶ τῶν ἔνδον, ἢν ἄρα τύχωσί τινες ἐζωγρημένοι Th.2.5
.4 c. opt. with ἄν, only when the clause serves as apodosis as well as protasis, cf. Pl.Prt. 329b, D.4.18, X.Mem.1.5.3 (v.ἄν A. 111
. d).IV c. INF., in oratio obliqua, only in Hdt.,εἰ γὰρ δὴ δεῖν πάντως περιθεῖναι ἄλλῳ τέῳ τὴν βασιληΐην, [ἔφη] δικαιότερον εἶναι κτλ. 1.129
; , cf. 172, 3.105, 108.V after Verbs denoting wonder, delight, indignation, disappointment, contentment, and similar emotions, εἰ c. ind. is used instead of ὅτι, to express the object of the feeling in a hypothetical form, θαυμάζω εἰ μηδεὶς ὑμῶν μήτ' ἐνθυμεῖται μήτ' ὀργίζεται, ὁρῶν .. I wonder that no one of you is either concerned or angry when he sees.., D.4.43;οὐκ ἀγαπᾷ εἰ μὴ δίκην δέδωκεν, ἀλλ' εἰ μὴ καὶ χρυσῷ στεφάνῳ στεφανωθήσεται ἀγανακτεῖ Aeschin.3.147
: after past tenses,ἐθαύμασε δ' εἰ μὴ φανερόν ἐστιν X.Mem.1.1.13
;δεινὸν εἰσῄει, εἰ μὴ.. δόξει D.19.33
; ;οὐδὲ ᾐσχύνθη εἰ.. ἐπάγει D.21.105
: in oratio obliqua (expressed or implied) c. opt., ἐπεῖπεν ὡς δεινὸν (sc. εἴη)εἰ.. μεγαλόψυχος γένοιτο Aeschin.2.157
;ᾤκτιρον εἰ ἁλώσοιντο X.An.1.4.7
; ἐθαύμαζε δ' εἴ τις ἀρετὴν ἐπαγγελλόμενος ἀργύριον πράττοιτο he wondered that any one should demand money, Id.Mem.1.2.7; ἔχαιρον ἀγαπῶν εἴ τις ἐάσοι I rejoiced, being content if any one should let it pass, Pl.R. 450a:—in this use the neg. οὐ is also found, ; ;τέρας λέγεις, εἰ οὐκ ἂν δύναιντο λαθεῖν Pl.Men. 91d
, etc.VI in citing a fact as a ground of argument or appeal, as surely as, since, εἴ ποτ' ἔην γε if there was [as there was], i.e. as sure as there was such an one, Il.3.180, al.;εἰ τότε κοῦρος ἔα, νῦν αὖτέ με γῆρας ὀπάζει 4.321
; πολλοὺς γὰρ οἶκε εἶναι εὐπετέστερον διαβάλλειν ἢ ἕνα, εἰ Κλεομένεα μὲν μοῦνον οὐκ οἷός τε ἐγένετο διαβαλεῖν, τρεῖς δὲ μυριάδας Ἀθηναίων ἐποίησε τοῦτο it seems easier to deceive many than one, if (as was the fact, i.e. since) he was not able.., Hdt.5.97, cf. 1.60,al.VII ELLIPTICAL CONSTRUCTIONS:1 with apodosis implied in the context, εἰ having the force of in case, supposing that, πρὸς τὴν πόλιν, εἰ ἐπιβοηθοῖεν, ἐχώρουν they marched towards the city [so as to meet the citizens], in case they should rush out, Th.6.100; ἱκέται πρὸς σὲ δεῦρ' ἀφίγμεθα, εἴ τινα πόλιν φράσειας ἡμῖν εὔερον we have come hither to you, in case you should tell us of some fleecy city (i.e. that we might hear of it), Ar.Av. 120; παρέζεο καὶ λαβὲ γούνων, αἴ κέν πως ἐθέλῃσιν ἐπὶ Τρώεσσιν ἀρῆξαι sit by him and grasp his knees [so as to persuade him], in case he be willing to help the Trojans, Il.1.408, cf. 66, Od.1.94, 3.92; ἄκουσον καὶ ἐμοῦ, ἐάν σοι ἔτι ταὐτὰ δοκῇ hear me also [that you may assent], in case the same opinion please you, Pl.R. 358b; ἰδὲ δή, ἐάν σοι ὅπερ ἐμοὶ συνδοκῇ look now, in case you approve what I do, ib. 434a.2 with apodosis suppressed for rhetorical reasons, εἴ περ γάρ κ' ἐθέλῃσιν Ὀλύμπιος.. στυφελίξαι if he wish to thrust him away, [he will do so], Il.1.580; εἰ μὲν δώσουσι γέρας—· εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώωσιν, ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι if they shall give me a prize, [well and good]; but if they give not, then I will take one for myself, 1.135, cf. 6.150, Ar.Pl. 468; καὶ ἢν μὲν ξυμβῇ ἡ πεῖρα—· εἰ δὲ μή .. and if the attempt succeed, [well]; otherwise.., Th.3.3, cf. Pl.Prt. 325d.3 with the Verb of the protasis omitted, chiefly in the following expressions:a εἰ μή except,οὐδὲν ἄλλο σιτέονται, εἰ μὴ ἰχθῦς μοῦνον Hdt. 1.200
; μὰ τὼ θεώ, εἰ μὴ Κρίτυλλά γ' [εἰμί]—nay, if I'm not Critylla! i.e. I am, Ar.Th. 898; εἰ μὴ ὅσον except only,ἐγὼ μέν μιν οὐκ εἶδον, εἰ μὴ ὅσον γραφῇ Hdt.2.73
, cf. 1.45, 2.20;εἰ μὴ εἰ Th.1.17
, Pl.Grg. 480b, etc.; εἰ μή τι οὖν, ἀλλὰ σμικρόν γέ μοι τῆς ἀρχῆς χάλασον if nothing else, yet.., Id.Men. 86e; ironical,εἰ μὴ ἄρα ἡ τῆς ἀρετῆς ἐπιμέλεια διαφθορά ἐστιν X.Mem.1.2.8
;εἰ μή πέρ γε τὸν ὑοσκύαμον χρήματα εἶναι φήσομεν Id.Oec.1.13
.b εἰ δὲ μή but if not, i.e. otherwise,προηγόρευε τοῖς Λαμψακηνοῖσι μετιέναι Μιλτιάδεα, εἰ δὲ μή, σφέας πίτυος τρόπον ἀπείλεε ἐκτρίψειν Hdt.6.37
, cf. 56; after μάλιστα μέν, Th.1.32,35, etc.:—after a preceding neg., μὴ τύπτ'· εἰ δὲ μή, σαυτόν ποτ' αἰτιάσει don't beat me; otherwise, you will have yourself to blame, Ar.Nu. 1433;ὦ Κῦρε, μὴ οὕτω λέγε· εἰ δὲ μή, οὐ θαρροῦντά με ἕξεις X.Cyr.3.1.35
;οὔτ' ἐν τῷ ὕδατι τὰ ὅπλα ἦν ἔχειν· εἰ δὲ μή Id.An.4.3.6
, cf. Th.1.28, 131, Pl.Phd. 91c.c εἰ δέ sts. stands forεἰ δὲ μή, εἰ μὲν βούλεται, ἑψέτω· εἰ δ', ὅτι βούλεται, τοῦτο ποιείτω Pl.Euthd. 285c
, cf. Smp. 212c; ;εἰ δ' οὕτως Arist.EN 1094a24
; εἰ δὲ τοῦτο and if so, Str.2.1.29.e εἴ τις if any, i. e. as much as or more than any,τῶν γε νῦν αἴ τις ἐπιχθονίων, ὀρθῶς B.5.5
;ὄτλον ἄλγιστον ἔσχον, εἴ τις Αἰτωλὶς γυνή S.Tr.8
, cf. OC 734; εἴ τις ἄλλος, siquis alius, E.Andr.6, etc.;εἴ τινες καὶ ἄλλοι Hdt.3.2
, etc.;εἴπερ τις ἄλλος Pl.R. 501d
; also κατ' εἰ δέ τινα τρόπον in any way, IG 5(2).6.27 ([place name] Tegea).f εἴ ποτε or εἴπερ ποτέ now if ever,ἡμῖν δὲ καλῶς, εἴπερ ποτέ, ἔχει.. ἡ ξυναλλαγή Th.4.20
, cf. Ar.Eq. 594;αἴ ποτα κἄλλοτα Alc.Supp.7.11
, cf. X.An.6.4.12, etc.; but in prayers,εἴ ποτέ τοι ἐπὶ νηὸν ἔρεψα.. τόδε μοι κρήηνον ἐέλδωρ Il.1.39
.g εἴ ποθεν (sc. δυνατόν ἐστι) if from any quarter, i.e. from some quarter or other, S.Ph. 1204 (lyr.); so εἴ ποθι somewhere, anywhere, Id.Aj. 885 (lyr.);εἴ που Od.4.193
.h εἴ πως ib. 388, X.An.2.3.11: in an elliptical sentence (cf. VII. 1),πρέσβεις πέμψαντες, εἴ πως πείσειαν Th.1.58
.VIII with other PARTICLES:1 for the distinction between καὶ εἰ (or καὶ ἐάν, or κἄν ) even if, and εἰ καί (or ἐὰν καί ) even though, v. καί:—the opposite of καὶ εἰ is οὐδ' εἰ, not even if; that of εἰ καί is εἰ μηδέ, if (although) not even.IX in neg. oaths, = Hebr. im, LXXPs.94(95).11, Ev.Marc.8.12, al.C IN INDIRECT QUESTIONS, whether, folld. by the ind., subj., or opt., according to the principles of oratio obliqua:1 with IND. after primary tenses, representing the same tense in the direct question, σάφα δ' οὐκ οἶδ' εἰ θεός ἐστιν whether he is a god, Il.5.183;εἰ ξυμπονήσεις.. σκόπει S.Ant.41
.2 with SUBJ. after primary tenses, representing a dubitative subj. in the direct question, τὰ ἐκπώματα οὐκ οἶδ' εἰ Χρυσάντᾳ τουτῳῒ δῶ whether I should give them, X.Cyr.8.4.16: sts. elliptical,ἐς τὰ χρηστήρια ἔπεμπε, εἰ στρατεύηται ἐπὶ τοὺς Πέρσας Hdt.1.75
.3 OPT. after past tenses, representing either of the two previous constructions in the direct question, ἤρετο εἴ τις ἐμοῦ εἴη σοφώτερος he asked whether any one was wiser than I (direct ἔστι τις σοφώτερος;), Pl.Ap. 21a;ἐπεκηρυκεύετο Πεισιστράτῳ, εἰ βούλοιτό οἱ τὴν θυγατέρα ἔχειν γυναῖκα Hdt.1.60
: rarely [tense] aor. opt. for the [tense] aor. ind., ἠρώτων αὐτὸν εἰ ἀναπλεύσειεν I asked him whether he had set sail (direct ἀνέπλευσας;), D.50.55: but [tense] aor. opt. usually represents [tense] aor. subj., τὸν θεὸν ἐπήροντο εἰ παραδοῖεν Κορινθίοις τὴν πόλιν.. καὶ τιμωρίαν τινὰ πειρῷντ' ἀπ' αὐτῶν ποιεῖσθαι they asked whether they should deliver their city to the Corinthians, and should try.., Th.1.25:—in both constructions the ind. or subj. may be retained, ψῆφον ἐβούλοντο ἐπαγαγεῖν εἰ χρὴ πολεμεῖν ib. 119; ἐβουλεύοντο εἴτε κατακαύσωσιν.. εἴτε τι ἄλλο χρήσωνται whether they should burn them or should dispose of them in some other way, Id.2.4; ἀνακοινοῦσθαι αὐτὸν αὑτῷ εἰ δῷ ἐπιψηφίσαι τοῖς προέδροις [he said that] he consulted him whether he should give.., Aeschin.2.68.4 with OPT. and ἄν when this was the form of the direct question, ἠρώτων εἰ δοῖεν ἂν τούτων τὰ πιστά they asked whether they would give (direct δοιήτε ἄν;), X.An.4.8.7.5 the NEG. used with εἰ in indirect questions is οὐ, when οὐ would be used in the direct question, ἐνετέλλετο.. εἰρωτᾶν εἰ οὔ τι ἐπαισχύνεται whether he is not ashamed, Hdt.1.90, etc.; but if μή would be required in the direct form, it is retained in the indirect, οὐ τοῦτο ἐρωτῶ, ἀλλ' εἰ τοῦ μὲν δικαίου μὴ ἀξιοῖ πλέον ἔχειν μηδὲ βούλεται ὁ δίκαιος, τοῦ δὲ ἀδίκου (the direct question would be μὴ ἀξιοῖ μηδὲ βούλεται; he does not see fit nor wish, does he?) Pl.R. 349b:—in double indirect questions, εἴτε.. εἴτε.. ; εἰ.. εἴτε.. ; εἴτε.. ἢ .., either οὐ or μή can be used in the second clause, ; ; εἰ ἀληθὲς ἢ μή, πειράσομαι μαθεῖν ib. 339a;πολλὰ ἂν περιεσκέψω, εἴτε ἐπιτρεπτέον εἴτε οὔ·.. οὐδένα λόγον οὐδὲ συμβουλὴν ποιῇ, εἴτε χρὴ ἐπιτρέπειν σαυτὸν αὐτῷ εἴτε μή Id.Prt. 313a
, 313b;ἀνάγκη τὴν ἐμὴν μητέρα, εἴτε θυγάτηρ ἦν Κίρωνος εἴτε μή, καὶ εἰ παρ' ἐκείνῳ διῃτᾶτο ἢ οὔ, καὶ γάμους εἰ διττοὺς ὑπὲρ ταύτης εἱστίασεν ἢ μὴ.. πάντα ταῦτα εἰδέναι τοὺς οἰκέτας Is.8.9
; τοὺς νόμους καταμανθάνειν εἰ καλῶς κεῖνται ἢ μή.. τοὺς λόγους εἰ ὀρθῶς ὑμᾶς διδάσκουσιν ἢ οὔ Antipho 5.14. -
72 εἰς
εἰς or [full] ἐς, PREP. WITH ACC. ONLY:—both forms are found in Hom., [dialect] Ion. poets, and early metrical Inscrr.; ἐς is best attested in Hdt. and Hp., and is found in nearly all early [dialect] Ion. Inscrr. (exc. IG12(8).262.16 (Thasos, v B. C.), ib.7.235.1 (Oropus, iv B. C.)); εἰς in [dialect] Att. Inscrr. from iv B. C., IG2.115, etc.; and usu. in [dialect] Att. Prose (exc. Th.) and Com. (exc. in parody): Trag. apptly. prefer εἰς, but ἐς is used before vowels metri gr.; ἐς was retained in the phrases ἐς κόρακας (whence the Verb σκορακίζω) , ἐς μακαρίαν. [dialect] Aeol. poets have εἰς before vowels, ἐς before consonants, and this is given as the rule in Hom. by An.Ox. 1.172, cf. Hellad. ap. Phot.Bibl.p.533B. (Orig. ἐνς, as in IG4.554.7 ([place name] Argos), GDI4986.11 ([place name] Crete); cf. ἐν, ἰν. The diphthong is genuine in [dialect] Aeol. εἰς, but spurious in [dialect] Att.-[dialect] Ion.) Radical senseA into, and then more loosely, to:I OF PLACE, the oldest and commonest usage, εἰς ἅλα into or to the sea, Il.1.141, al.;εἰς ἅλαδε Od.10.351
;ἔς ῥ' ἀσαμίνθους 4.48
; ἐς οἶνον βάλε φάρμακον ib. 220; freq. of places, to,εἰς Εὔβοιαν 3.174
; ἐς Αἴγυπτον, etc., Hdt.1.5, etc.; ἐς Μίλητον into the territory of Miletus, ib.14;εἰς Ἑλλήσποντον εἰσέπλει X.HG1.1.2
;ἀφίκετο εἰς Μήδους πρὸς Κυαξάρην Id.Cyr.2.1.2
; εἰς ἅρματα βαίνειν to step into.., Il.8.115;εἰς ἐλάτην ἀναβῆναι 14.287
; opp. ἐκ, in such phrases as ἐς σφυρὸν ἐκ πτέρνης, ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆς, from heel to ankle-joint, from head to foot, 22.397, 23.169;ἐκ πάτου ἐς σκοπιήν 20.137
;ἐς μυχὸν ἐξ οὐδοῦ Od.7.87
; κἠς ἔτος ἐξ ἔτεος from year to year, Theoc. 18.15: with Verbs implying motion or direction, as of looking,ἰδεῖν εἰς οὐρανόν Il.3.364
; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι to look in the face, 9.373, etc.; εἰς ὦπα ἔοικεν he is like in face (sc. ἰδόντι), 3.158, etc.; ἐς ὀφθαλμούς τινος ἐλθεῖν to come before another's eyes, 24.204;ἐς ὄψιν ἀπικνέεσθαί τινος Hdt.1.136
;καλέσαι τινὰ ἐς ὄψιν Id.5.106
, etc.; ἐς ταὐτὸν ἥκειν come to the same point, E.Hipp. 273: less freq. after a Subst.,ὁδὸς ἐς λαύρην Od.22.128
; τὸ ἐς Παλλήνην τεῖχος facing Pallene, Th.1.56;ξύνοδος ἐς τὴν Δῆλον Id.3.104
, cf.Pl.Tht. 173d.b [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion., also c. acc. pers. ([dialect] Att. ὡς, πρός, παρά), Il.7.312, 15.402, Od.14.127, Hdt.4.147; also in [dialect] Att. with collective Nouns,ἐς τὸν δῆμον παρελθόντες Th. 5.45
, or plurals,εἰς ὑμᾶς εἰσῆλθον D.18.103
; esp. of consulting an oracle,ἐς θεὸν ἐλθεῖν Pi.O.7.31
;εἰς Ἄμμων' ἐλθόντες Ar.Av. 619
.2 with Verbs expressing restin a place, when a previous motion into or to it is implied, ἐς μέγαρον κατέθηκεν ἐπὶ θρόνου he put it in the house (i.e. he brought it into the house, and put it there), Od.20.96; ἐς θρόνους ἕζοντο they sat them down upon the seats, 4.51, cf. 1.130; ἐφάνη λὶς εἰς ὁδόν the lion appeared in the path, Il.15.276;ἀπόστολος ἐς τὴν Μίλητον ἦν Hdt.1.21
(s. v.l.); ;ἐς κώμην παραγίνονται Id.1.185
;παρῆν ἐς Σάρδις Id.6.1
;ἐς δόμους μένειν S.Aj.80
(cod. Laur.);ἐς τὴν νῆσον κατέκλῃσε Th.1.109
, cf. Hdt.3.13; ἀπόβασιν ποιήσασθαι ἐς .. Th.2.33, etc.; later used like ἐν, τὴν γῆν εἰς ἣν ὑμεῖς κατοικεῖτε LXX Nu.35.34;τὸ χρυσίον ὃ εἰλήφεσαν εἰς Ῥώμην D.S.14.117
;οἰκεῖν εἰς τὰ Ὕπατα Luc.Asin.1
;εἰς Ἐκβάτανα ἀποθανεῖν Ael.VH7.8
;εἰς ἅπασαν τὴν γῆν Suid.
s.v. Καλλίμαχος: generally,τοὔνομα εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα, φασίν, Ἱππομιγὴς δύναται Ael.VH9.16
.3 with Verbs of saying or speaking, εἰς relates to the persons to or before whom one speaks, εἰπεῖν ἐς πάντας, ἐς πάντας αὔδα, Hdt.8.26, S.OT93;λέγειν εἰς τὸ μέσον τῶν ταξιάρχων X.Cyr. 3.3.7
; : with other Verbs, ; ; ἐπαχθὴς ἦν ἐς τοὺς πολλούς Id.6.54; ;διαβεβλῆσθαι εἴς τινα Pl.R. 539c
.4 elliptical usages,a after Verbs which have no sense of motion to or into a place, τὴν πόλιν ἐξέλιπον εἰς χωρίον ὀχυρόν they quitted the city for a strong position, i.e. to seek a strong position, X.An.1.2.24; γράμματα ἑάλωσαν εἰς Ἀθήνας letters were captured [and sent] to Athens, Id.HG1.1.23, cf. Pl.R. 468a;ἀνίστασθαι ἐς Ἄργος E.Heracl.59
, cf. Pl.Phd. 116a.b participles signifying motion are freq. omitted with εἰς, τοῖς στρατηγοῖς τοῖς εἰς Σικελίαν (sc. ἀποδειχθεῖσιν) And.1.11, etc.c c. gen., mostly of proper names, as εἰς Ἀΐδαο, [dialect] Att. εἰς Ἅιδου [δόμους], Il.21.48; ἐς Ἀθηναίης [ἱερόν] to the temple of Athena, 6.379; ἐς Πριάμοιο [οἶκον] 24.160, cf. 309; εἰς Αἰγύπτοιο [ῥόον] Od.4.581;ἐς τοῦ Κλεομένεος Hdt.5.51
;εἰς Ἀσκληπιοῦ Ar.Pl. 411
;ἐπὶ δεῖπνον [ἰέναι] εἰς Ἀγάθωνος Pl.Smp. 174a
: with Appellatives, ἀνδρὸς ἐς ἀφνειοῦ to a rich man's house, Il.24.482;ἐς πατρός Od.2.195
; πέμπειν εἰς διδασκάλων send to school, X.Lac.2.1;εἰς δ. φοιτᾶν Pl.Prt. 326c
; ἐς σεωυτοῦ, ἑωυτοῦ, Hdt.1.108, 9.108, etc.II OF TIME,1 to denote a certain point or limit of time, up to, until,ἐς ἠῶ Od.11.375
; ἐς ἠέλιον καταδύντα till sunset, 9.161 (but also, towards or near sunset, 3.138);ἐκ νεότητος ἐς γῆρας Il.14.86
;ἐκ παιδὸς ἐς γῆρας Aeschin.1.180
; ἐς ἐμέ up to my time, Hdt.1.92, al.: with Advbs., εἰς ὅτε (cf. ἔς τε) against the time when.., Od.2.99; εἰς πότε; until when ? how long ? S.Aj. 1185 (lyr., cf.εἰσόκἐ; εἰς ὁπότε Aeschin.3.99
; ἐς τί; = εἰς πότε; Il.5.465; ἐς ὅ until, Hdt.1.93, etc.;ἐς οὗ Id.1.67
, 3.31, etc.;ἐς τόδε Id.7.29
, etc.2 to determine a period, εἰς ἐνιαυτόν for a year, i.e. a whole year, Il.19.32, Od.4.526; within the year, ib.86 (cf.ἐς ἐνίαυτον Alc.Supp.8.12
);εἰς ὥρας Od.9.135
; ἐς θέρος ἢ ἐς ὀπώρην for the summer, i.e. throughout it, 14.384; ἡ εἰς ἐνιαυτὸν κειμένη δαπάνη εἰς τὸν μῆνα δαπανᾶται the expenditure for a year is expended in the month, X.Oec.7.36;μισθοδοτεῖν τινὰς εἰς ἓξ μῆνας D.S.19.15
;χοίνικα κριθῶν εἰς τέσσαρας ἡμέρας διεμέτρει Posidon. 36J.
; εἰς ἑσπέραν ἥκειν to come at even, Ar.Pl. 998; εἰς τρίτην ἡμέραν or εἰς τρίτην alone, on the third day, in two days, Pl.Hp.Ma. 286b, X.Cyr.5.3.27;ἥκειν ἐς τὴν ὑστεραίαν Id.An.2.3.25
;ἥκειν εἰς τὸ ἔαρ Hell.Oxy.17.4
; ἐς τέλος at last, Hdt.3.40; ἐς καιρόν in season, Id.4.139; οὐκ ἐς ἀναβολάς, ἀμβολάς, with no delay, Id.8.21, E.Heracl. 270, etc.; ἐς τότε at this time, v.l. in Od.7.317 (but εἰς τότε at that time (in the [tense] fut.), D.14.24, Pl.Lg. 830b); ἐς ὕστερον or τὸ ὕστερον, Od.12.126, Th.2.20: with Advbs.,ἐς αὔριον Il.8.538
, Pl. Lg. 858b;ἔς περ ὀπίσσω Od.20.199
;ἐς αὖθις Th.4.63
(v. εἰσαῦθις (; ἐς αὐτίκα μάλ' Ar. Pax 367; εἰς ἔπειτα (v. εἰσέπειτα (; ἐς τὸ ἔ., Th.2.64;ἐς ὀψέ Id.8.23
; εἰς ἅπαξ, v. εἰσάπαξ; εἰς ἔτι, v. εἰσέτι.III to express MEASURE OR LIMIT, without reference to Time, ἐς δίσκουρα λέλειπτο was left behind as far as a quoit's throw, Il.23.523; ἐς δραχμὴν διέδωκε paid them as much as a drachma, Th.8.29;ἱματισμὸν ζητῆσαι εἰς δύο τάλαντα Thphr.Char.23.8
; so ἐς τὰ μάλιστα to the greatest degree, Hdt.1.20, etc.;ἐς τοσοῦτο τύχης ἀπίκευ Id.1.124
;εἰς τοσοῦτο ἥκειν Lys.27.10
; ; ἐς ὅ ἐμέμνηντο so far as they remembered, Th.5.66;ἐς τὸ ἔσχατον Hdt.7.229
, etc.;εἰς ἅλις Theoc.25.17
.2 freq. with Numerals,ἐς τριακάδας δέκα ναῶν A.Pers. 339
; ναῦς ἐς τὰς τετρακοσίας, διακοσίας, to the number of 400, etc., Th.1.74, 100, etc.; εἰς ἕνα, εἰς δύο, εἰς τέσσαρας, one, two, four deep, X.Cyr.2.3.21; but εἰς τέσσαρας four abreast, Aen.Tact.40.6: with Advbs., ἐς τρίς or ἐστρίς thrice, Pi.O.2.68, Hdt.1.86; of round numbers, about, X.An.1.1.10.4IV to express RELATION, towards, in regard to,ἐξαμαρτεῖν εἰς θεούς A.Pr. 945
, etc.; ἁμάρτημα εἴς τινα, αἰτίαι ἐς ἀλλήλους, Isoc.8.96, Th.1.66; ;ἔχθρη ἔστινα Hdt.6.65
;φιλία ἐς ἀμφοτέρους Th.2.9
; λέγειν ἐς .. Hdt.1.86;γνώμη ἀποδεχθεῖσα ἐς τὴν γέφυραν Id.4.98
;ἡ ἐς γῆν καὶ θάλασσαν ἀρχή Th.8.46
.b of the subject of a work, esp. in titles, e.g.τὰ ἐς Ἀπολλώνιον Philostr. VA
; of the object of a dedication, as in titles of hymns, ἐπινίκια, etc.2 in regard to,πρῶτος εἰς εὐψυχίαν A.Pers. 326
; , cf. Eq.90;διαβάλλειν τινὰ ἔς τι Th.8.88
;αἰτία ἐπιφερομένη ἐς μαλακίαν Id.5.75
;μέμφεσθαι εἰς φιλίαν X.An.2.6.30
;εἰς τὰ πολεμικὰ καταφρονεῖσθαι Id.HG7.4.30
; ; in respect of,εὐτυχεῖν ἐς τέκνα E.Or. 542
, cf. Pl.Ap. 35b, etc.;εἰς χρήματα ζημιοῦσθαι Id.Lg. 774b
, cf. D.22.55; ἐς τὰ ἄλλα Th.I.I;εἰς ἄπαντα S.Tr. 489
;ἐς τὰ πάνθ' ὁμῶς A.Pr. 736
;εἰς μὲν ταῦτα Pl.Ly. 210a
; τό γ' εἰς ἑαυτόν, τὸ εἰς ἐμέ, S.OT 706, E. IT 691, cf. S.Ichn.346; ;ἐς πλείονας οἰκεῖν Id.2.37
; for τελεῖν ἐς Ἕλληνας, Βοιωτούς, ἄνδρας, etc., v. τελέω.3 of Manner,ἐς τὸν νῦν τρόπον Id.1.6
;τίθεμεν τἆλλα εἰς τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον; Pl.R. 353d
;ἐς ἓν μέλος Theoc.18.7
: freq. periphr. for Advbs., ἐς κοινὸν φράζειν, λέγειν, A.Pr. 844, Eu. 408; ἐς τὸ πᾶν, = πάντως, Id.Ag. 682(lyr.); ἐς τάχος, = ταχέως, Ar.Ach. 686; ἐς εὐτέλειαν, = εὐτελῶς, Id.Av. 805;ἐς τἀρχαῖον Id.Nu. 593
;εἰς καλόν S. OT78
, cf. Pl.Phd. 76e;ἐς δέον γεγονέναι Hdt.1.119
, cf. S.OT 1416, and v. δέον.V ofan end or limit, ἔρχεσθαι, τελευτᾶν, λήγειν ἐς.., to end in.., Hdt.1.120,3.125,4.39, etc.;ἐς ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτεα ου,ρον ἀνθρώπῳ προτίθημι Id.1.32
; καταξαίνειν ἐς φοινικίδα to cut into red rags, Ar.Ach. 320 (troch.);στρέφειν τι εἰς αἷμα Apoc.11.6
; εἰς ἄνδρας ἐκ μειρακίων τελευτᾶν, εἰς ἄνδρα γενειᾶν, Pl.Tht. 173b, Theoc.14.28;ἐκτρέφειν τὸ σπέρμα εἰς καρπόν X.Oec.17.10
: so with εἶναι or γίγνομαι to form a predicate,ἔσται εἰς ἔθνη LXXGe.17.16
; ἐγενήθη εἰς γυναῖκα ib.20.12; πιστὸς (sc.ἦν) εἰς προφήτην ib.IKi.3.20;ἐγένετο εἰς δένδρον Ev.Luc.13.19
,al.2 of Purpose or Object, εἰπεῖν εἰς ἀγαθόν, πείσεται εἰς ἀγαθόν, for good, for his good, Il.9.102,11.789;εἰς ἀγαθὰ μυθεῖσθαι 23.305
;ἐς πόλεμον θωρήξομαι 8.376
, cf. Hdt.7.29, etc.; ἐς φόβον to cause fear, Il.15.310;ἐς ὑποδήματα δεδόσθαι Hdt.2.98
;κόσμος ὁ εἰς ἑορτάς X.Oec.9.6
;ἐπιτηδεότατος, εὐπρεπής, ἔς τι Hdt.1.115
,2.116; εἰς κάλλος ζῆν to live for show, X.Cyr.8.1.33, cf. Ages. 9.1;ἐς δαίτην ἐκάλεσσε Call.Aet.1.1.5
;εἰς κέρδος τι δρᾶν S.Ph.
III; ; ; εἰς τὸ πρᾶγμα εἶναι to be pertinent, to the purpose, D.36.54; freq. of expenditure on an object, IG22.102.11, 116.41, al.;ἐς τὸ δέον Ar.Nu. 859
, etc.; ἐς δᾷδα ib. 612.B POSITION: εἰς is sts. parted from its acc. by several words,εἰς ἀμφοτέρω Διομήδεος ἅρματα βήτην Il.8.115
; : seldom (only in Poets) put after its case, Il.15.59, Od.3.137,15.541, S.OC 126(lyr.): after an Adv.,αὔριον ἔς· τῆμος δὲ.. Od.7.318
. -
73 εἴδω
εἴδω, no [voice] Act. [tense] pres. in use, ὁράω being used:—[voice] Med., v.infr. A.11: [tense] aor. 2 [full] εἶδον always in sense ofA see (so in [tense] pres. and [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Med., to be seen, i.e. seem): but [tense] pf. [full] οἶδα, in [tense] pres. sense, know. (With ἔ-ϝιδον, cf. ([etym.] ϝ) είδομαι, (ϝ) εῖδος, Lat. videre; with ([etym.] ϝ) οῖδα, cf. Skt. véda, Goth. wait, OE. wát 'know'.)A [tense] aor. 2 εἶδον (late ), serving as [tense] aor. to ὁράω, [dialect] Ep. ἴδον, iter.ἴδεσκε Il.3.217
, late [dialect] Aeol.εὔιδον Epigr.Gr.990.11
([place name] Balbilla); imper. ἴδε (in [dialect] Att. written as Adv. ἰδέ, behold! Hdn.Gr.2.23), ἴδετε; subj. ἴδω, [dialect] Ep.ἴδωμι Il.18.63
; opt. ἴδοιμι; inf. ἰδεῖν, [dialect] Ep. ἰδέειν; part. ἰδών: hence, [tense] fut.ἰδησῶ Theoc.3.37
:—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. 2 εἰδόμην, [dialect] Ep. ἰδόμην, in same sense, poet., [dialect] Ion., and later Prose (c. gen., Arat.430) (so in compds., even in [dialect] Att. Prose, v. ἐπ-, προ-, ὑπ-ειδόμην); imper. ἰδοῦ (freq. written as Adv. ἰδού, = ἰδέ); subj. ἴδωμαι; opt. ἰδοίμην; inf. ἰδέσθαι; part.ἰδόμενος Hdt.1.88
, al.:1 see, perceive, behold, ὀφθαλμοῖσι or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσι ἰδέσθαι see before the eyes, Il.1.587, etc.;ἰδεῖν ἐν ὄμμασιν E.Or. 1020
; ἄγε, πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι well, I will try and see, Od.6.126, cf. 21.159; mark, observe, Il.4.476, Od.4.412, etc.: folld. by relat. clause,ἴδωμ' ὅτιν' ἔργα τέτυκται Il.22.450
; : freq. in inf. after Subst. or Adj., θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι a marvel to behold, Il.5.725;οἰκτραῖσιν ἰδεῖν A.Pr. 240
;ἐλεινὸς ἰδεῖν Pl.R. 620a
.c see, i.e. experience,νόστιμον ἦμαρ ἰδέσθαι Od.3.233
, etc.;δούλειον ἦμαρ ἰδεῖν E.Hec.56
;ἀέλιον ἕτερον ἰδεῖν S.Tr. 835
;τὴν δίκην ἰδεῖν Id.Ant. 1270
(lyr.); ἀλόχου κουριδίης.. οὔ τι χάριν ἴδε he saw (i.e. enjoyed) not the favour of his wedded wife, Il.11.243.2 look, ἰδεῖν ἐς .. look at or towards, 2.271, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐπί .. 23.143; πρός .. Od.12.244; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι look him in the face, Il.9.373, etc.;κατ' ἐνῶπα ἰδών 15.320
; ἄντα, ἐσάντα, or ἄντην ἰδεῖν, 13.184, 17.334, Od.5.78, etc.: qualified by Adv. or Adj., ὑπόδρα ἰδών looking askance, Il.1.148, al.; ἀχρεῖον ἰδών looking helpless, 2.269; κέρδος ἰδεῖν look to gain, A.Eu. 541 (lyr.).3 see mentally, perceive, ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν ' to see in his mind's eye', Il.21.61, cf. 4.249;ἰδεῖν τῇ διανοίᾳ Pl.R. 511a
.II [voice] Med., [tense] pres. [full] εἴδομαι, [dialect] Ep.ἐείδεται Theoc.25.58
, part.ἐειδόμενος Pi.
N..10.15: [tense] aor. εἰσάμην, [dialect] Ep. part.ἐεισάμενος Il. 2.22
, al.:—only [dialect] Ep.and Lyr., to be seen, appear, εἴδεται ἄστρα they are visible, appear, 8.559;εἰ. ἦμαρ ὑπὸ Τρώεσσι δαμῆναι 13.98
;εἴσατο δέ σφι δεξιός 24.319
;ὅπη τὸ Ταρτάρειον εἴδεται βάθρον Epigr.Gr.1034.19
([place name] Callipolis), cf. Od.5.283; perh. also οὔ πῃ χροὸς εἴσατο none of the skin was visible, Il.13.191.2 c. inf., appear or seem to be, ; , etc.: with inf. omitted,οἱ τό γε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ 19.283
, etc.;οὐ μέν μοι κακὸς εἴδεται Il.14.472
, cf. Theoc. 25.58; also, look like or make a show of.., εἴσατ' ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον he made a show of going to Lemnos, Od.8.283; εἴσατο δ' ὡς ὅτε ῥινόν it had the look as of a shield, 5.281.3 strictly middle, c. dat., εἴσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτῃ she made herself like Polites in voice, Il.2.791, cf. 20.81;αὐδὴν εἰσάμενός τινι Rhian.50
: esp. in part., like,εἰδομένη κήρυκι Il.2.280
, etc.;τῷ δ' ὄψιν ἐειδόμενος Pi.N.10.15
;εἰδόμενος τοκεῦσιν A.Ag. 771
(lyr.);φάσμα εἰδόμενόν τινι Hdt.6.69
.B [tense] pf., οἶδα I know, used as [tense] pres.: [tense] plpf. ᾔδεα (v. infr.), I knew, used as [tense] impf.:—[tense] pf. οἶδα, [dialect] Aeol.ὄϊδα Alc. 145
; [ per.] 2sg. οἶδας once in Hom., Od.1.337, cf. h.Merc. 456, Thgn.491, Hippon.89, Hp.Acut.67, E.Alc. 780, Philem.44.3 codd.; οἶσθα elsewh. in Hom., [dialect] Att., etc.; in Com. also sts.οἶσθας Cratin.105
, Alex.15.11, Men.348.5, cf. Herod.2.55; pl., ἴσμεν, [dialect] Ep., [dialect] Aeol., and [dialect] Dor. ἴδμεν, also [dialect] Ion., Hdt.1.6, al.; ἴστε, ἴσασι [ῐς- Od.2.211, al., but ῑς- ib. 283, al.];οἴδαμεν Hdt.2.17
,οἴδατε AP12.81
(Mel.),οἴδᾱσι Hdt.2.43
, X.Oec. 20.14 codd.; dual,οἴδατον Socr.Ep.22.1
: imper. ἴσθι, ἴστω, [dialect] Boeot. ἴττω, late codd.: from [ per.] 3pl. ἴσασι (ἴσαντι Epich. 53
) were formed [dialect] Dor. [ per.] 1sg.ἴσᾱμι Epich.254
, Pi.P.4.248; [ per.] 3sg.ἴσατι IG14.644.4
([place name] Bruttii); [ per.] 1pl.ἴσᾰμεν Pi.N.7.14
, ἴσαμες prob. in Dialex. 6.12; Cret. [ per.] 3pl. subj. ; inf. ϝισάμην Kohler-Ziebarth Stadtrecht von Gortyn 34 No.3.19; part.ἴσας A.D.Adv.175.19
, dat. sg.ἴσαντι Pi.P.3.29
, Cret. pl. : subj. εἰδῶ (εἰδέω, ἰδέω, Il.14.235, Od.16.236), [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl. (Halic., V B.C.); [dialect] Ep. alsoεἴδω Od.1.174
, al. (cf. Hdn. Gr.2.131),εἴδομεν Il.1.363
,εἴδετε Od.9.17
: opt. εἰδείην, [ per.] 1pl. , R. 582a: inf. εἰδέναι, [dialect] Ep. ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, alsoἰδέμεν Pi.N.7.25
: part. εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, [dialect] Ep. also ἰδυῖα, Elean :—[tense] plpf.ᾔδεα Il.14.71
, Hdt.2.150, [var] contr.ᾔδη S.Ant.18
, Ar.Av. 511, Pl.Smp. 119a,ᾔδησθα Od.19.93
, Eup. 416, etc. (but ᾔδεισθα freq. in codd., Ar.Ec. 551, E.Cyc. 108, Pl.Men. 80d, al.), ᾔδεε ([etym.] ν) Il.17.402, al.,ᾔδη 1.70
, al. (also later [dialect] Att., acc. to Aristarch. ap. Choerob.in Theod.2.86), [dialect] Att. [var] contr. ᾔδει ([etym.] ν) E. Ion 1187, Ar.V. 558, etc.; [dialect] Ep. 2 and [ per.] 3sg. ἠείδης, ἠείδη (v.l. - εις, - ει), Il.22.280, Od.9.206; [dialect] Att. also [ per.] 1sg.ᾔδειν D.37.24
, [ per.] 2sg. , etc.; pl.,ᾔδειμεν Aeschin.3.82
, Arist.APo. 87b40,ᾔδεμεν Men.14D.
(to be read in S.OT 1232),ᾔδειτε D.55.9
, etc. ( ᾔδετε prob. in E.Ba. 1345), [dialect] Ion.ᾐδέατε Hdt.9.58
([etym.] συν-), ᾔδεισαν LXX Ge.42.23
, Str.15.3.23,ᾔδεσαν Hdt.7.175
, Thgn.54, etc.; late [dialect] Ep. ᾔδειν, ἠείδειν, A.R.2.65,4.1700, also ᾖσμεν, ᾖστε, ᾖσαν, Ar.Fr.149.4 (prob.), S.Fr. 340, E. Cyc. 231, etc.; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl.ἴσαν Il.18.405
, Od.4.772:—[tense] fut., in this sense,εἴσομαι Il.1.548
, Hp.VM20, Ar.Ach. 332, etc.; alsoεἰδήσω Od.7.327
, Hdt.7.234, Isoc.1.44, Aen.Tact.31.5, Arist.Top. 108a28, Herod.5.78, Apollon.Perg.Con.1 Praef., etc.; inf.εἰδησέμεν Od.6.257
.—The [tense] aor. and [tense] pf. are usu. supplied by γιγνώσκω; [tense] aor. 1 inf. εἰδῆσαι is found in Hp.Acut.(Sp.) 22, Epid.6.8.25 (ἐξ-), Arist.EN 1156b27, Thphr.Char. Prooem.4; imper.εἴδησον PCair.Zen.36.2
(iii B.C.); [ per.] 3pl. subj. εἰδήσωσιν Herzog Koische Forschungen No. 190 (ii/i B.C.):—know, have knowledge of, be acquainted with, Hom., etc.: c. acc. rei, ; νοήματα, μήδεα οἶδε, Od.2.122, Il.18.363, etc.: less freq. c. acc. pers.,τούτους μὲν δὴ οἶδα Od.4.551
, cf. Pl.R. 365e, D.54.34, etc.; πρῶτος ὧν ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν the first we know of, Hdt.1.6, etc.;παλαίτατος ὧν ἀκοῇ ἴσμεν Th.1.4
: strengthd. by εὖ or σάφα, εὖ τόδ' ἴσθι know well, be assured of this, E.Med. 593;σάφ' οἶδ' ἐγώ A.Supp. 740
, etc.: freq. in Hom. with neut. Adj., to express character or disposition, ἄγρια οἶδε has fierceness in his heart, Il.24.41; ἀθεμίστια ᾔδη had law lessness in his heart, Od.9.189; αἴσιμα, ἄρτια ᾔδη, 14.433, 19.248; εἴ μοι ἤπια εἰδείη if he were kindly disposed towards me, Il.16.73;φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισιν Od.3.277
; κεχαρισμένα, πεπνυμένα εἰδώς, 8.584, 24.442: c. gen.,ὃς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράων Il. 12.229
;ὃς πάσης εἰδῇ σοφίης 15.412
; τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς cunning with the bow, 2.718;αἰχμῆς ἐῢ εἰ. 15.525
;οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς Od.1.202
;ἐῢ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων 5.250
;μάχης ἐῢ εἰδότε πάσης Il.2.823
;κύνε εἰδότε θήρης 10.360
; ;εἰδὼς πυγμαχίης 23.665
;θεοπροπίων ἐῢ εἰδώς 6.438
; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί acknowledge a debt to another, thank him, 14.235, Hdt.3.21, etc.: imper., freq. in protestations, ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς αὐτός be Zeus my witness, Il.10.329;ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα 15.36
, etc.; [dialect] Boeot. ἴττω Ἡρακλῆς etc., Ar.Ach. 860, etc.: part. εἰδώς, abs., one who knows, one acquainted with the fact,ἰδυίῃ πάντ' ἀγορεύω Il.1.365
;μετ' εἰδόσιν ἀγορεύειν 10.250
;μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσιν Th.2.36
, cf. 3.53;μαθεῖν παρὰ τοῦ εἰδότος Pl.R. 337d
, etc.; also ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι with knowing mind, Il.1.608,al.2 c. inf., know how to do,οἶδ' ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδ' ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν 7.238
, cf. S.Ph. 1010, Ar.V. 376; also, to be in a condition, be able, have the power, E.Med. 664, D.4.40; of drugs,ὅσα λεπτύνειν οἶδε Alex.
Trall.Febr.6; of a festival, οἶδε ἐκπέμπουσα δάκνειν Chor.p.124 B.; learn, .3 c. part., to know that such and such is the fact, the part. being in nom. when it is a predicate of the Subject of the Verb, ἴσθι μοι δώσων know that thou wilt give, A.Ag. 1670;ἴστω ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφεοῦ ἀποθανών Hdt.4.76
; : in acc. when it is predicate of the Object, ; : with part. omitted, γῆν αὐτὰ οἶδεν ἀμφότερα (sc. ὄντα) Jul.Or.7.226a.4 less freq.c.acc. et inf.,πλήθους.. ἂν σάφ' ἴσθ' ἕκατι βάρβαρον ναυσὶν κρατῆσαι A.Pers. 337
, cf. S.Ph. 1329;εὖ ἴσθι τοῦτον.. ἰσχυρῶς ἀνιᾶσθαι X.Cyr.8.3.44
; alsoεὖ τόδ' ἴσθι, μηδάμ' ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ πλῆθος τοσουτάριθμον ἀνθρώπων θανεῖν A.Pers. 431
;ἕν γ' ἀκούσασ' ἴσθι, μὴ ψευδῶς μ' ἐρεῖν E.IA 1005
.5 c. acc. folld. by ὡς, ὅτι, etc.,οἶδα κἀμαυτὴν ὅτι ἀλγῶ S.El. 332
;ἐάν τινα εἰδῶσιν ὅτι ἄδικός ἐστι Pl.Prt. 323b
, etc.6 οὐκ οἶδ' εἰ .. I know not whether, to express disbelief or doubt, sts. with ἄν transposed,οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ πείσαιμί σε E. Alc.48
, cf. D.45.7: with Verb omitted after εἰ, as οὐκ οἶδ' εἴ τις ἄλλος perhaps no other, Isoc.6.1, 12.10.7 in similar ellipses with other Conjunctions, οὐκ οἶδ' ὅπως I know not how, Pl.R. 40cb;οὐκ οἶδ' ὁπόθεν Id.Cra. 396d
.8 οἶδα, ἴσθι are freq. parenthetic, ; σάφ' οἶδα ib.94, 963; also οἶδ' ὅτι, οἶσθ' ὅτι, ἴσθ' ὅτι, πάρειμι δ' ἄκων οὐχ ἑκοῦσιν, οἶδ' ὅτι (sc. πάρειμι ) I know it well, S.Ant. 276; οἶδ' ὅτι, freq. in D., as 9.1, al.;σάφ' ἴσθ' ὅτι Ar.Pl. 889
:—οἶσθ' ὅ, οἶσθ' ὡς, with imper., are common in Trag. and Com., οἶσθ' οὖν ὃ δρᾶσον; do—thou know'st what, i.e. make haste and do, Ar.Eq. 1158, cf. Pax 1051, etc.; οἶσθ' ὡς πόησον; S.OT 543; also οἶσθ'.. ὡς νῦν μὴ σφαλῇς; Id.OC75; οἶσθα νῦν ἅ μοι γενέσθω; E.IT 1203: rarely with the [tense] fut., οἶσθ' οὖν ὃ δράσεις (nisileg. δρᾶσον); Id.Cyc. 131, cf. Med. 600 codd. -
74 εἶτα
εἶτα, [dialect] Ion. [full] εἶτεν (q.v., cf. ἔπειτα, -εν), Adv., used to denote the Sequence of one act or state upon another:I of Sequence in time, without any notion of Cause, then, next,πρῶτα μέν.., εἶτα.. S.El. 262
, cf. Pl.Phdr. 251a, etc. ; soon, presently, S.OT 452 ; εἶτα τί τοῦτο; well, what then? Ar.Nu. 347, Pl.Prt. 309a ; εἶτα.. τότε then.. after that, Ar.Eq. 1036 codd. (fort. τόδε): freq. repeated, sts. alternating with ἔπειτα, then.., next.., then.., after that.., etc., Men.154, etc. ; with πάλιν, SIG1171 ; εἶτ' οὖν also, Sch.Pi.O.7.68.2 freq. with finite Verb after a part., expressing surprise or incongruity, and then, and yet, ;ἆρα κλύουσα, μῆτερ, εἶτ' ἔρξεις κακῶς ; E.El. 1058
, cf. S.El.53, Aj. 468, 1092, 1094, X.An.1.2.25, etc. ; cf.ἔπειτα 1.3
.II to denote Consequence, and so, therefore, accordingly ; esp. in questions or exclamations to express surprise, indignation, contempt, sarcasm, and the like , and then..? and so..?κᾆτ' οὐ δέχονται λιτάς ; S.Ant. 1019
, cf. OC 418 ;εἶτ' ἐγὼ μὲν οὐ φρονῶ ; E.Andr. 666
; κᾆτα ποῦ' στιν ἡ δίκη; Id.Ph. 548 ;εἶτ' ἐσίγας, Πλοῦτος ὤν ; Ar.Pl.79
;εἶτ' ἄνδρα τῶν αὑτοῦ τι χρὴ προϊέναι ; Id.Nu. 1214
;εἶτ' οὐκ αἰσχύνεσθε ; D.1.24
, cf. Pl.Ap. 28b ;οὐκ οἴεσθε δεῖν χρήματα εἰσφέρειν, εἶτα θαυμάζετε.. ; D. 21.203
;εἶτ' οὐκ ἐπῳδούς φασιν ἰσχύειν τινές ; Antiph. 217.15
;εἶτ' οὐ περίεργόν ἐστιν ἄνθρωπος φυτόν ; Alex.141.1
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75 εὐαγγέλιον
εὐαγγέλ-ιον, τό,A reward of good tidings, given to the messenger,εὐαγγέλιον δέ μοι ἔστω Od.14.152
; οὐ.. εὐ. τόδε τείσω ib. 166; ἀπολήψῃ τὸ εὐ. Plu.Demetr.17: in [dialect] Att. always in pl., εὐαγγέλια θύειν to make a thank-offering for good-tidings, Isoc.7.10, Men. Pk. 415;εὐ. θύειν ἑκατὸν βοῦς τῇ θεῷ Ar.Eq. 656
; ἐβουθύτει ὡς εὐ. X. HG4.3.14;εὐαγγελίων θυσίαι Aeschin.3.160
; εὐ. στεφανοῦν, ἀναδῆσαί τινα, to crown one for good news brought, Ar.Eq. 647, Pl. 765;ἐστεφανωμένη ἐπ' εὐαγγελίοις Plu.Sert.11
, cf. Supp.Epigr.1.362.7 (Samos, iv B.C.).II good tidings, good news, in pl., LXX 2 Ki.4.10, Cic.Att.2.3.1, 13.40.1, Inscr.Prien.105.40 (i B.C.): sg., J.BJ2.17.4, Luc.Asin.26, App.BC3.93, Sammelb. 421 (iii A.D.).2 in Christian sense, the gospel, Ep.Gal.1.11, etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὐαγγέλιον
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76 θαυμάζω
Aθαυμάσομαι A.Pr. 476
, E.Alc. 157, Pl.Prm. 129c, [dialect] Ep.θαυμάσσομαι Il.18.467
; alsoθαυμάσω Hp.Nat.Puer. 29
, Plu.2.823f, etc. (in X.Cyr.5.2.12 θαυμάζουσι is restored for -σουσι, θαυμάσετε is v.l. for -σαιτε, Id.HG5.1.14): [tense] aor. (lyr.), etc., [dialect] Ep. : [tense] pf.τεθαύμακα X.Mem.1.4.2
, etc.:—[voice] Med., Gal.Med.Phil.2 (v.l.), Ael.VH12.30: [tense] aor. 1 ἐθαυμασάμην v.l. in Aesop.92; οὐκ ἂν θαυμας ώμεθα (leg. - σαίμεθα) Procl.in Prm.p.750S.; θαυμάσαιτο v.l. in J.BJ3.5.1:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.- ασθήσομαι Isoc.6.105
, Th.2.41: [tense] aor.ἐθαυμάσθην Id.6.12
: [tense] pf.τεθαύμασμαι Plb.4.82.1
.1 abs., wonder, marvel, Il.24.394, Pl.Hp.Ma. 282e, etc.2 c. acc., marvel at, Il.24.631, etc.;πτόλεμόν τε μάχην τε 13.11
; , cf. OC 1152, El. 393:—[voice] Pass., ὡς τέρας θ. Hdt.4.28; μὴ παρὼν -άζεται I wonder why he is not present, S.OT 289.b honour, admire, worship, once in Hom. (but cf. θαυμαίνω), οὔτε τι θαυμάζειν.. οὔτ' ἀγάασθαι Od.16.203
; freq. later, as Hdt.3.80, A.Th. 772 (lyr.), S.Aj. 1093, etc.;θ. τύμβον πατρός E.El. 519
;μηδὲ τὸν πλοῦτον μηδὲ τὴν δόξαν τὴν τούτων θαυμάζετε, ἀλλ' ὑμᾶς αὐτούς D. 21.210
; μηδὲν θ., Lat. nil admirari, Plu.2.44b; technically, of the attendance of small birds on the owl, Arist.HA 609a15; θ. πρόσωπον to show respect to a person, i.e. comply with their request, LXX Ge. 19.21; θ. τινά τινος for a thing, Th.6.36;θ. τινὰ ἐπὶ σοφίᾳ Pl.Tht. 161c
, X.Mem.1.4.2;ἀπὸ τοῦ σώματος τὸν νεανίσκον Plu.Rom.7
:— [voice] Pass., to be admired, Hdt.7.204;ὑπό τινος Id.3.82
;ἔν τινι Th.2.39
;τῶν προγεγενημένων μᾶλλον -θησόμεθα Isoc.6.105
; τοὺς ὁμοίως τεθαυμασμένους [ποιητάς] Phld.Po.5.31;διά τι Isoc.4.59
: c. gen.,τῆς ῥώμης Philostr.VA7.42
; ; τὰ εἰκότα θ. to receive proper marks of respect, Th.1.38;θ. τινί Id.7.63
.3 c. gen., wonder at, marvel at, τούτου (cj. for τοῦτο) Lys.7.23: c. part.,ὃ δ' ἐθαύμασά σου λέγοντος Pl.Prt. 329c
, cf. Cri. 50c;θ. τῶν προθέντων αὖθις λέγειν Th.3.38
; θ. τί τινος to wonder at a thing in a person, E.Hipp. 1041;ὃ θ. τοῦ ἑταίρου Pl.Tht. 161b
, cf. R. 376a: c. dupl. gen.,θ. τούτου τῆς διανοίας Lys.3.44
:—these phrases are used in [dialect] Att. as a civil mode of expressing dissent.4 rarely c. dat. rei, to wonder at, Th.4.85.5 folld. by Preps., [full] τὰ- όμενα περί τινος Pl.Ti. 80c
;θ. περί τινος τί τῇ τέχνῃ συμβάλλεται Sosip.1.37
;ἐπί σου θαυμάζω, πῶς δύνῃ.. Plb.23.5.12
;θαυμάσονται ἐπ' αὐτῇ LXXLe.26.32
.6 freq. folld. by an interrog. sentence,θαυμάζομεν οἷον ἐτύχθη Il.2.320
;θ. ὅστις ἔσται ὁ ἀντερῶν Th.3.38
;θαυμάζοντες τί ἔσοιτο ἡ πολιτεία X. HG2.3.17
;θ. ὡς οὔπω πάρεισιν Th.1.90
, cf. X.Cyr.1.4.20, etc.; θ. ὅτι I wonder at the fact that.., Pl.R. 489a;πολλάκις τεθαύμακα ὅπως.. Com.Adesp.22.46D.
; but more commonly, θ. εἰ.. I wonder if.., as a more polite way of saying I wonder that.., Hdt.1.155, S. OC 1140, Pl.Phd. 97a;ἐὰν.. λέγω, μηδὲν θαυμάσῃς Id.Smp. 215a
;ὃ καὶ θαυμάζω, εἰ.. D.19.86
; θαύμαζον ἀκούων, εἰ σὺ μὴ εἴης.. , Lat. mirum ni.., Ar. Pax 1292 (hex.).—This construction is freq. combined with one or other of the foregoing.b c. acc.,θαύμαζ' Ἀχιλῆα, ὅσσος ἔην οἷός τε Il.24.629
; Τηλέμαχον θαύμαζον, ὃ θαρσαλέως ἀγόρευε they marvelled at Telemachus, that he spake so boldly, Od. 1.382; τὸ δὲ θαυμάζεσκον ([dialect] Ion. [tense] impf.),ὡς.. 19.229
;θ. σοῦ γλῶσσαν, ὡς θρασύστομος A.Ag. 1399
, etc.: sts. without a connective,ἀλλὰ τὸ θαυμάζω· ἴδον.. Od.4.655
;σοῦ.. θαυμάσας ἔχω τόδε· χρῆν γὰρ.. S. Ph. 1362
: sts. c. inf.,θαυμάζομεν Ἕκτορα δῖον, αἰχμητὴν ἔμεναι Il.5.601
.c c. gen., θ. τινός, ἥντινα γνώμην ἔχων κτλ. Antipho 1.5;θ. τῶν.. ἐχόντων ὅπως οὐ λέγουσιν Isoc.3.3
;θ. αὐτοῦ τί τολμήσει λέγειν D.24.66
;θαυμάζω τινὸς ὅτι.. Isoc.4.1
; θ. τῶν δυναστευόντων εἰ ἡγοῦνται I wonder at men in power supposing, ib.170;ὑμῶν θ. εἰ μὴ βοηθήσετε X.HG2.3.53
; alsoθ. αὐτοῦ.. τοῦτο, ὡς.. Pl.Phd. 89a
.7 c. acc. et inf., πενθεῖν οὔ σε θ. E.Med. 268, cf. Alc. 1130: after a gen.,θαυμάζω δέ σου.. κυρεῖν λέγουσαν A.Ag. 1199
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > θαυμάζω
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77 θιγγάνω
A : 2 [tense] fut. : [tense] aor.2ἔθῐγον Archil.71
, E.Ba. 304, etc.; [dialect] Lacon. inf. :—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor.θιχθῆναι S.E.M.9.258
:—touch, handle: abs.,μὴ θίγγανε IG12(3).451
([place name] Thera), etc.: usu. c. gen., , etc.; χερσὶ or χερὶ θ. τινός, Id.Th.44, E.Ba. 1318;δι' ὁσίων χειρῶν S.OC 470
: c. acc., χεῖρα (s. v.l.)Νεοβούλης θιγεῖν Archil.
l.c.; χερσὶ γλαυκᾶς ἐλαίας θιγοῦ[σ' ὄζον] Limen.6 (dub. l.):—[voice] Pass., to be touched, Arist.HA 495a6.2 take hold of, τινος S.Aj. 1410 (anap.), etc.; θ. ὠλέναισιν τέκνου embrace, E.Ph. 300 (lyr.); θ. γυναικός have intercourse with.., Id.Hipp. 1044; θ. εὐνῆς ib. 885, cf. S.OC 329: abs., E.El.51; γλίχεται θιγεῖν καὶ συνεῖναι, of man's aspiration after God, Phld.D. 3.1.3 touch, attempt, παντὸς.. λόγου κακοῦ γλώσσῃ θ. S.Ph. 408; ;θ. πονηρίας Isyll.5
; in hostile sense, attack, (lyr.);σώματος τοῦ σοῦ Id.IA 1351
(troch.).II metaph., of the feelings, touch, θιγγάνει σέθεν τόδε; Id.Hipp. 310; ψυχᾶς, φρενῶν, Id.Alc. 108; πολλὰ θ. πρὸς ἧπαρ reach to the heart, A.Ag. 432 (lyr.).2 touch upon, in speaking or discussion, Arist.Metaph. 988a23,al., Pol. 1323b38; also of the mind, apprehend,νοῦς.. θιγγάνων καὶ νοῶν Id.Metaph. 1072b21
, al.3 reach, win,ἀγώνων Pi.I.1.18
, etc. also c. dat., θ. ἡσυχίᾳ, ἀρεταῖς, ψεύδει, Id.P.4.296, 8.24, 9.42; reach, hit,διαβολὴ θ. τινός Plu.Alex.10
.—Not found in pure [dialect] Att. Prose ( ἅπτομαι being used), but used by X.Cyr.1.3.5,al.: [tense] aor. 1 inf. θίξαι v.l. for ψαῦσαι in Suid.s.v. θιγεῖν, θῖξαι v.l. for δεῖξαι in Arist.EN 1111a14.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > θιγγάνω
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78 καλός
καλός, ή, όν, [dialect] Aeol. [full] κάλος (v. infr.), α, ον, [dialect] Boeot. [full] καλϝός Schwyzer 538 (vi B. C.):—A beautiful, of outward form, freq. of persons,κάλλιστος ἀνὴρ ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθεν Il.2.673
: in Hom. usu. in the phraseκ. τε μέγας τε Il.21.108
, al.; μέγας καὶ κ. Od.9.513;καλή τε μεγάλη τε 13.289
, 15.418; καλὸς δέμας beautiful of form, 17.307;κ. ἰδέᾳ Pi.O.10
(11). 103;εἶδος κάλλιστος X.Cyr.1.2.1
;κ. τὸ σῶμα Id.Mem.2.6.30
;τὰς ὄψεις Theopomp.Hist.195
; Χορῷ καλή beauteous in the dance, Il. 16.180: c. inf.,καλλίονες καὶ μείζονες εἰσοράασθαι Od.10.396
; ἐσορᾶν κ. Pi.O.8.19: freq. of parts of the body, fair, shapely, κ. πρόσωπα, ὅμματα, παρήϊα, σφυρά, Il.19.285, 23.66, Od.19.208, Il.4.147;Χρώς 5.354
, al.; of clothes, εἵματα, φάρεα, Χιτών, Χλαῖνα, πέδιλα, Od.6.111, 24.277, Il.2.43, Od.10.365, 1.96; ; of arms and armour, κνημῖδες, ἀσπίς, σάκος, κόρυς, φάσγανα, ἔντεα, 3.331, 11.33, 22.314, 18.612, 15.713, Od.19.18; of buildings, manufactured articles, etc.,αὐλὴ κ. τε μεγάλη τε 14.7
; κ. δώματα, τεῖχος, πόλιες, 3.387, Il.21.447, 18.491; ἄμαξα, τράπεζα, θρόνος, 24.267, 11.629, Od.1.131; also τέμενος, ἀγρός, Il.12.314, Od.24.206; so after Hom.,Λύδιον κ. ἔργον Sapph.19
, etc.; ἐέρσα κ. ead.Supp.25.12.2 in [dialect] Att. added to a name in token of love or admiration, as Ἀρίσημος κ. IG12.921, etc.; ἐν τοῖσι τοίχοις ἔγραφ' Ἀθηναῖοι καλοί" Ar. Ach. 144, cf.V.98; Ἀλκιβιάδης ὁ καλός, Σαπφὼ ἡ καλή, Pl.Alc.1.113b, Phdr. 235c.c Καλοί, οἱ, divinities worshipped in childbirth, IG5(1).1445 (Messene, ii B. C.).3 τὸ καλόν beauty, Sapph.79, E.IA21 (anap.), etc.; τὰ καλά the proprieties or elegancies of life, Hdt.1.8, 207;ἁπάντων καλῶν ἄμμορος Pi.O.1.84
;αἱ τέχναι ἃς πηγάς φασι τῶν κ. εἶναι X.Cyr.7.2.13
.II with ref. to use, good, of fine quality,κ. λιμήν Od.6.263
; Βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ.. καλῷ fair, 14.253, 299; κ. ἀργύριον, opp. κίβδηλον, genuine silver, X.Mem.3.1.9; opp. ἀποτετριμμένον, good silver currency, PCair.Zen.21.33 (iii B. C.);ἐλαῖαι PHib. 1.49.12
(iii B. C.);γῆ Ev.Luc.8.15
;κ. οἶνος PFay.133.8
(iv A. D.);στρατόπεδον κάλλιστον Th.5.60
;ἀνταπεδώκατε πονηρὰ ἀντὶ καλῶν LXX Ge. 44.4
;κ. ἐς στρατιάν X.Cyr.3.3.6
; , Grg. 474d, etc.: c. inf.,λόφος κάλλιστος τρέχειν X.An.4.8.26
; ἐν καλῷ [ τόπῳ] in a good place, καθίζεσθαι, ὁρμεῖν, Ar.Th. 292, X.HG2.1.25; ἐν καλῷ μὲν τοῦ κόλπου καὶ τῶν πόλεων, ἐν κ. δὲ τοῦ τὴν Χώραν βλάπτειν, ib.6.2.9; ἐν καλῷ under favourable circumstances, Th.5.59.60; ἐν κ. (sc. Χρόνῳ ) in good time, in season, E.IA 1106; ἐν οὐ κ. Id.Or. 579; ἐν καλῷ [ ἐστι] c. inf., S.El. 384 (so καλόν ἐστι c. inf., Id.Ph. 1155 (lyr.), Ar. Pax 278, Th.8.2);ἐς καλόν S.OT78
, Pl.Men. 89e, Smp. 174e; τί γὰρ ἐμοὶ ζῆν καλόν; what is the good of life to me? Ph.2.594; καλῇ πίστει, = Lat.bona fide, PTeb.418.14 (iii A. D.).2 of sacrifices, auspicious, ; ;ἱερά Th.4.92
;τὸ τέλος κ. τῆς ἐξόδου X.An.5.2.9
;κ. τὰ ἱερὰ ἦν αὐτῷ Id.Cyr.3.2.3
: c. inf.,ἰέναι.. κ. ἡμῖν τὰ ἱερὰ ἦν Id.An.2.2.3
: Com., τὰ τῆς πυγῆς κ. (for τοῦ θεοῦ) Ar. Pax 868.III in a moral sense, beautiful, noble, honourable, in Hom. only in neut.,οὐ καλὸν ἔειπες Od.8.166
, cf. 17.381;μεῖζον κλέος.. καὶ κάλλιον 18.255
; freq. καλόν [ ἐστι] c. inf.,κ. τοι σὺν ἐμοὶ τὸν κήδειν ὅς κ' ἐμὲ κήδῃ Il.9.615
; οὐ γὰρ ἔμοιγε κ. (sc. ἄρχειν) 21.440;οὐ κ. ἀτέμβειν οὐδὲ δίκαιον Od.20.294
; so in Trag.,καλόν μοι τοῦτο ποιούσῃ θανεῖν S.Ant.72
, etc.;μάθετε καλὸν ποιεῖν LXXIs.1.17
: [comp] Comp.,οὐ μέν τοι τόδε κάλλιον οὐδὲ ἔοικε Od.7.159
, cf. Il.24.52; after Hom. freq. of actions, etc.,κάλων κἄσλων Sapph.Supp.2.4
(unless of persons here); κ. ἔργματα noble deeds, Pi.I.4(3).42, cf. S.Fr. 839, etc.; ἀναστροφὴ κ. 1 Ep.Pet.2.12: in pl., excellences,πλῆθος καλῶν Pi.O.13.45
; ; τὰ τοῦ παιδὸς κ. X.Smp.8.17.2 τὸ κ. moral beauty, virtue, honour, opp. τὸ αἰσχρόν, Id.Mem.1.1.16, cf. Pl.Smp. 183d, etc.;ὅττι καλόν, φίλον ἐστί, τὸ δ' οὐ καλὸν οὐ φίλον ἐστίν Thgn.17
, cf. E.Ba. 881 (lyr.), Pl. Ly. 216c;οὐ ταὐτὸν ἡγῇ σύ, ὡς ἔοικας, κ. τε καὶ ἀγαθὸν καὶ κακὸν καὶ αἰσχρόν Id.Grg. 474d
, cf. Smp. 201e; τοὐμὸν κ. E.Supp. 300.3 of persons, in early writers coupled with ἀγαθός, v. καλοκἀγαθός; laterκ. ποιμήν Ev.Jo.10.11
;κ. στρατιώτης
2 Ep.Tim.2.3
.IV in [dialect] Att. and Trag. freq. ironically, fine, specious, γέρας κ. A.Eu. 209;κ. γὰρ οὑμὸς βίοτος ὥστε θαυμάσαι S.El. 393
, cf. E.Ba. 652;κ. Χάρις D.9.65
;κ. ὕβριν ὑβρισμένοι Id.23.121
;καί σοι.. θωπεῦσαι καλόν S.OC 1003
;μετ' ὀνομάτων καλῶν Th.5.89
.B Degrees of [comp] Comp.: [comp] Comp. καλλίων, ον, Il.24.52, Od.10.396, etc.: neut. κάλιον [pron. full] [ᾰ] Alc.134: [comp] Sup. κάλλιστος, η, ον, Il.20.233, etc.; late καλλιώτερος or - ότερος, POxy.1672.6 (i A. D.), Sch.E. Tr. 966; alsoκαλώτερος Hdn.Epim.69
.C Adv.:—Poets freq. use neut. καλόν as Adv.,κ. ἀείδειν Il.18.570
, Od.1.155;καλά Il.6.326
; later τὸ κ. Theoc.3.3, 18, Call.Epigr.53, Herod.1.54.II regul. Adv. [full] καλῶς ([dialect] Dor. [full] καλώς Sophr.22), well, rightly,οὐδ' ἔτι κ. οἶκος ἐμὸς διόλωλε Od.2.64
; κ. ζῆν, τεθνηκέναι, etc., S.Aj. 479, etc.; κ. φρονεῖν to be in one's right mind, Id.Fr. 836;οὐ κ. ταρβεῖς Id.Tr. 457
; κ. ἀγωνιεῖσθαι fairly, on the merits of the case, Lys.13.88; Χρήματα δατῆθθαι κ. Leg.Gort.4.39;κ. εἰρημένα S.Fr. 576.6
;κάλλιον λέγεις Pl.Tht. 161b
;κάλλιστ' ἂν εἴποι S.OT 1172
: freq. in phrase καλῶς καὶ εὖ, καλῶς τε καὶ εὖ, Pl.Prt. 319e, Prm. 128b, etc.2 of good fortune, well, happily, κ. πράσσειν, = εὖ π., A.Pr. 979, S.Ant. 271;κ. καὶ εὖ πράττειν Pl.Chrm. 172a
; κ. ἔχειν to be well, A.Th. 799, etc.;κ. ἔχει σοι Ar.Ach. 946
, cf. S.El. 816; κ. ἔχει c. inf., 'tis well to.., X.Mem.3.11.1: c. gen., κ. ἔχειν τινός to be well off in respect to a thing, Hp.Superf.29;κ. παράπλου κεῖσθαι Th.1.36
;εἰ κ. σφίσιν ἔχοι Id.4.117
;οὔτε τοῖς θεοῖς ἔφη κ. ἔχειν, εἰ.. X.Mem.1.3.3
;καλλιόνως ἔχει Pl.Tht. 169e
, etc.;κάλλιστα ἕζει Id.Hp.Ma. 295b
.3 καλῶς, = πάνυ, thoroughly, altogether,τὸν κ. εὐδαίμονα A.Fr. 317
, = S. Fr. 934;κ. ἔξοιδα Id.OC 269
, cf. OT 1008;κ. ὑπὸ τοῦ πυρὸς διεφθάρθαι D.S.13.108
: [comp] Comp.,κάλλιον εἰδέναι Pl.Hp.Ma. 300d
; κάλλιον ἐοικέναι to be just like , Hp.Genit.8.5 κ. ποιῶν rightly, deservedly,κ. ποιῶν ἀπόλλυται Ar.Pl. 863
, cf. D.1.28, al., Aeschin.3.232; in requests, κ. ποιήσεις πριάμενος, etc., PPetr.3p.143 (iii B. C.), etc.; also c. inf.,κ. π. γράψαι BGU1203.7
(i B. C.), etc.6 in answers, to approve the words of the former speaker, well said! E.Or. 1216, D.39.15; also, to decline an offer courteously, no, thank you! Ar.Ra. 888;κ. ἔχει Antiph.165
, Men.Pk. 266; πάνυ κ. Ar.Ra. 512; ἀμέλει κ. ib. 532: [comp] Sup., κάλλιστ', ἐπαινῶ ib. 508;ἔχει κάλλιστα Theoc.15.3
.8 κ. ὁ ἱερεύς hurrah for the priest! SIG1109.14 (Athens, ii A. D.).9 repeated with the Adj.,καλὴ καλῶς Ar.Ach. 253
, Pax 1330, Ec. 730;καλὸς κάλλιστά τε ῥέξαις Pi.O.9.94
.10 [comp] Comp.καλλιόνως Pl.Tht.
l.c., Lg. 660d: [comp] Sup.καλλίστως PMag.Par.1.2443
,2465, Sch.E.Hec. 310.D for compds., v. καλλι-, καλο-.E Quantity: [pron. full] ᾱ in [dialect] Ep. and early Iamb. Poets (exc. h.Ven.29, Hes.Op.63, Th. 585): [pron. full] ᾰ in Lyr. (exc.κᾱλῶς B.12.206
) and Trag. (A. Fr. 314, S.Ph. 1381 are corrupt).--In Eleg., Epigr., and Bucol. Poets [pron. full] ᾰ or [pron. full] ᾱ (the latter usu. in thesi);τὰ μὴ κᾰλὰ κᾱλὰ πέφανται Theoc.6.19
, cf. Herod.7.115, Call.Jov.55.--In [comp] Comp., [pron. full] ῐ in Hom., [pron. full] ῑ in Trag. and later. -
79 καταλέχω
καταλέγω (A),------------------------------------καταλέγω (B),A recount, tell at length and in order, Hom., always in [tense] fut. or [tense] aor. 1,ταῦτα μάλ' ἀτρεκέως καταλέξω Il.10.413
, al.; τόδε εἰπὲ καὶ ἀτρεκέως κατάλεξον ib. 384, al.;πᾶσαν ἀληθείην κατάλεξον 24.407
: freq. in Hdt., as 4.83, 114; ἑξῆς κ. Ath.13.610b; κ. τὰς προσηγορίας ib.c:—[voice] Pass., τούτων ὦν τῶν καταλεχθέντων of those which have been recounted, Hdt.4.50, cf. 23, al.:—[voice] Med., Ps.-Hdt.Vit.Hom.21: folld. by interrog. Adv.,κατάλεξον ὅπως ἤντησας Od.17.44
, 3.97; κεῖνον ὀϊζυρὸν κατάλεξον, ἤ που ἔτι ζώει.. tell me the tale of that unhappy man, 4.832.b repeat, recite,τῶν Χρησμῶν Hdt.7.6
;τετράμετρα πρὸς τὸν αὐλόν X.Smp.6.3
;τὰς πατρίους εὐχάς Herm.Hist.2
; καταλέγεσθαι· ὀδύρεσθαι τὸν τεθνεῶτα, Hsch.; cf.κατάλεγμα, καταλογή 111
.2 reckon up, tell in full tale,μνηστῆρας ἀριθμήσας κατάλεξον Od.16.235
; of a line of kings or ancestors,κατέλεγον οἱ ἱρέες ἐκ βύβλου.. βασιλέων τ καὶ λ οὐνόματα Hdt.2.100
;τοὺς αἰεὶ πατέρας Id.6.53
; κ. ἑωυτὸν μητρόθεν reckoned up his pedigree, Id.1.173;κ. τοὺς ἄρχοντας Pl.Hp.Ma. 285e
, cf.Ep. 327e, X.Mem.2.4.4:—later in [voice] Med., Ph.1.187, 2.593, Ath.11.504f.b reckon, count as, οὒς οἱ πολλοὶ πλουσίους κ. Pl.Lg. 742e, cf. X.An.2.6.27: so perh. in [voice] Pass.,Χήρα -έσθω 1 Ep.Ti.5.9
.3 with [tense] pf.κατείλοχα Paus.10.24.1
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. (v. infr.): [tense] pf. κατείλεγμαι; [ per.] 3pl. [tense] plpf.κατειλέχατο J.AJ19.1.15
:— enumerate, draw up a list, hence, enrol, enlist,ἄνδρας οἳ δορυφόροι μὲν οὐκ ἐγένοντο Πεισιστράτου, κορυνηφόροι δέ Hdt.1.59
; στρατιώτας, ὁπλίτας, Ar.Ach. 1065, Lys. 394, etc.;ἱππέας Arist.Ath.49.2
;κ. εἰς ὁπλίτας Lys.15.7
;εἰς τὸν κατάλογον Ἀθηναίων Id.25.16
;ἐς τὰς ναῦς Th.3.75
: generally,τοὺς πεντακισχιλίους Arist.Ath.29.5
;κ. τὸν Ἡρακλέα εἰς τοὺς δώδεκα θεούς D.S.4.39
: c. dat.,κ. τινὰ τοῖς δημοσίᾳ ἱππεύουσιν Philostr.VS1.22.3
,cf. 1.25.3 (nisi leg. ἐγκατ-): c. inf., τοὺς πλουσιωτάτους ἱπποτροφεῖν κ. X.HG3.4.15:—in [voice] Med., enrol for oneself, δορυφόρους, ὁπλίτας, Hdt.1.98, Th.7.31:—[voice] Pass. ([tense] aor. 2 κατελέγην more common in [dialect] Att. than [tense] aor. 1, cf. IG22.896.9, Pl.Lg. 762e, 943a), to be enlisted or enrolled, Hdt.7.1; τῶν τρισχιλίων κ. to be enrolled of their number, Lys.30.8;κ. στρατιώτης Id.9.4
;κατειλεγμένος ἱππεύειν Id.16.13
;καταλεγεὶς τῶν τριηράρχων Is.7.5
;ὁ κατειλεγμένος D.39.8
; εἰς τὴν σύγκλητον κ. Plu.Pomp.13; ἀγορανόμον -λεγέντα, = Lat. adlectum inter aedilicios, Ann.Epigr.1905.120.4 later, select, :—[voice] Med., τὸν πλωτικὸν [ βίον] Pl.Ax. 368b.II = μηνύειν, τῷ βασιλεῖ τὴν ἐπιβουλήν J. AJ15.3.2: c. gen., inform against, ib.19.6.3; accuse, .Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καταλέχω
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80 κερδίων
A more profitable; Hom. only neut.,ἐμοὶ δέ κε κέρδιον εἴη Il.6.410
, or , cf. 7.28;ἦ μάλα τοι τόδε κ. ἔπλετο θυμῷ Od.20.304
: later in masc., .II κέρδιστος, η, ον, [comp] Sup., most cunning or crafty,Σίσυφος.., ὃ κέρδιστος γένετ' ἀνδρῶν Il.6.153
.2 of things, most profitable, A.Pr. 387;πρὸς τὸ κέρδιστον τραπείς S.Aj. 743
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κερδίων
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