βουλήσομαι

βούλομαι

will: fut ind mid 1st sg

βούλομαι ([dialect] Ep. also [full] βόλομαι, q. v.), [dialect] Dor. [pref] βώλ- (q. v.), [dialect] Aeol. [pref] βόλλ- (v. βόλομαι), Thess. [pref] βέλλ- IG9(2).517.20, [dialect] Boeot. [pref] βείλ- ib.7.3080, [pref] βήλ- SIG1185.18 (Tanagra, iii B. C.), [dialect] Locr.and Delph. [pref] δείλ- IG9(1).334.3, GDI2034.10, Coan, etc. [pref] δήλ- (q. v.), [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 2sg.

A

βούλεαι Od.18.364

, Hdt.1.11: [tense] impf.

ἐβουλόμην Il.11.79

, etc.;

ἠβουλόμην E.Hel. 752

, D.1.15, etc.; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl. ἐβουλέατο codd. in Hdt.1.4, 3.143: [tense] fut.

βουλήσομαι A.Pr. 867

, S.OT 1077, etc.; later [tense] fut. βουληθήσομαι v.l. in Aristid.Or.48(24).8, Gal.13.636: [tense] aor. ἐβουλήθην, also ἠβ- (v. infr.),

βουληθείς S.OC 732

, IG22.1236, etc., but [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. subj. [ per.] 3sg. βούλεται (from Βόλς-ε-ται) Il.1.67: [tense] pf.

βεβούλημαι D.18.2

; also βέβουλα ([etym.] προ-) Il.1.113 ( ἐβέβουλε dub. in Epigr. in Berl.Sitzb.1894.907):— forms with augm. ἠ- are found in [dialect] Att. Inscrr. from 300 B.C. onwards, as IG22.657, al., and occur frequently in Mss. as ἠβούλοντο v.l.in Th. 2.2, 6.79,

ἠβούλου Hyp.Lyc.11

; said to be Ionic in An.Ox.2.374.— An [voice] Act. βούλητε ( = βούλησθε ) Mitteis Chr.361.10 (iv A. D.):—will, wish, be willing, Hom., etc.: usu. implying choice or preference (cf. IV) opp. ἐθέλω 'consent',

εἰ βούλει, ἐγὼ ἐθέλω Pl.Grg. 522e

, cf. R. 347b, 437b;

ἐὰν βούλῃ σὺ.. ἐὰν θεὸς ἐθέλῃ Id.Alc.1.135d

;

ἂν οἵ τε θεοὶ 'θέλωσι καὶ ὑμεῖς βούλησθε D.2.20

;

οὔτ' ἀκούειν ἠθέλετ' οὔτε πιστεύειν ἐβούλεσθε Id.19.23

; but ἐθέλω is also used = 'wish', λέξαι θέλω σοι, πρὶν θανεῖν, ἃ βούλομαι, E.Alc. 281 (so

ἐθέλω εἰπεῖν Pl.Prt. 309b

, but

φράσαι τι βούλομαι Ar.Pl. 1090

): Hom. uses βούλομαι for ἐθέλω in the case of the gods, for with them wish is will: ἐθέλω is more general, and is sts. used where βούλομαι might have stood, e.g. Il. 7.182.—Construct.: mostly c. inf.,

Τρώεσσιν ἐβούλετο κῦδος ὀρέξαι 11.79

, etc.; sts. c. inf. [tense] fut., Thgn.184; c. acc. et inf., Od.4.353, and freq. in Prose: when βούλομαι is folld. by acc. only, an inf. may generally be supplied, as καί κε τὸ βουλοίμην (sc. γενέσθαι) Od.20.316; ἔτυχεν ὧν ἐβούλετο (sc. τυχεῖν) Antiph.18.6; πλακοῦντα β. (sc. σε λέγειν) Id.52.11; καὶ εἰ μάλα βούλεται ἄλλῃ [Ποσειδάων] (sc. τοῦτο γενέσθαι) Il.15.51; so εἰς τὸ βαλανεῖον βούλομαι (sc. ἰέναι) Ar.Ra. 1279; βουλοίμην ἄν (sc. τόδε γενέσθαι) Pl.Euthphr.3a.

2 in Hom. of gods, c. acc. rei et dat. pers., Τρώεσσιν.. ἐβούλετο νίκην he willed victory to the Trojans, Il.7.21, cf. 23.682: later c. acc., τὸ βουλόμενον τὴν πολιτείαν πλῆθος that supports the constitution, Arist.Pol. 1309b17.

II [dialect] Att. usages:

1 βούλει or βούλεσθε folld. by Verb in subj., βούλει λάβωμαι; would you have me take hold? S.Ph. 761; βούλει φράσω; Ar.Eq.36, cf. Pl.Phd. 79a, R. 596a; ποῦ δὴ βούλει ἀναγνῶμεν; Id.Phdr. 228e.

2 εἰ βούλει if you please, S.Ant. 1168, X.An.3.4.41; also εἰ δὲ βούλει, ἐὰν δὲ βούλῃ, to express a concession, or if you like, Pl.Smp. 201a, etc.;

εἰ μὲν β., φρονήσει, εἰ δὲ β., ἰσχύι Id.R. 432a

.

3 ὁ βουλόμενος any one who likes, Hdt.1.54, Th.1.26, etc.;

ἔδωκεν ἅπαντι τῷ βουλομένῳ D.21.45

; ὁ β. the 'common in former', Ar. Pl. 918 (whence, in jest, βούλομαι ib. 908); ὅστις βούλει who or which ever you like, Pl.Grg. 517b, Cra. 432a.

4 βουλομένῳ μοί ἐστι, c. inf., it is according to my wish that.., Th.2.3;

εἰ σοὶ β. ἐστὶν ἀποκρίνεσθαι Pl.Grg. 448d

; also

τὰ θεῶν οὕτω βουλόμεν' ἔσται E.IA33

; τὸ κεἰνου βουλόμενον his wish, ib. 1270; but with pass. sense, τὸ β. the object of desire, Luc.Am.37, Plu.Art.28.

5 τί βουλόμενος; with what purpose? Pl.Phd. 63a, D.18.172;

τί βουληθεὶς πάρει

;

S.El. 1100

.

III mean, Pl.R. 362e, 590e, etc.; τί ἡμῖν βούλεται οὗτος ὁ μῦθος; (folld. by β. λέγειν ὡς ..) Id.Tht. 156c;

τί β. σημαίνειν τὸ τέρας D.H.4.59

; βούλεται εἶναι professes or pretends to be, Pl.R. 595c;

β. τὸ ὄνομα ἐπικεῖσθαι Id.Cra. 412c

; freq. in Arist., τὸ ἀκούσιον βούλεται λέγεσθαι οὐκ εἰ .. EN 1110b30; β. ἄσωτος εἶναι ὁ ἕν τι κακὸν ἔχων ib. 1119b34; β. ὁ πρᾶος ἀτάραχος εἶναι ib. 1125b33; tend to be,

ἡ τοῦ ὕδατος φύσις β. εἶναι ἄχυμος Id.Sens. 441a3

; β. ἤδη τότε εἶναι πόλις ὅταν .. Id.Pol. 1261b12, cf. 1293b40; ἡ φύσις β. μὲν τοῦτο ποιεῖν πολλάκις, οὐ μέντοι δύναται ib. 1255b3, cf. GA 778a4, al.

2 to be wont, X.An.6.3.18.

IV folld. by ἤ .., prefer, for βούλομαι μᾶλλον (which is more usu. in Prose), βούλομ' ἐγὼ λαὸν σόον ἔμμεναι ἢ ἀπολέσθαι I had rather.., Il.1.117, cf. 23.594, Od.3.232, 11.489, 12.350;

β. τὸ μέν τι εὐτυχέειν.. ἢ εὐτυχέειν τὰ πάντα Hdt.3.40

; β. παρθενεύεσθαι πλέω χρόνον ἢ πατρὸς ἐστερῆσθαι (for πολὺν χρόνον, μᾶλλον ἤ ..) ib. 124, cf. E.Andr. 351; less freq. without ἤ.., πολὺ βούλομαι αὐτὴν οἴκοι ἔχειν I much prefer.., Il.1.112, cf. Od.15.88. (g[uglide]el-g[uglide]ol-, cf. the dialectic forms.)

σπέρμ-α, ατος, τό, ([etym.] σπείρω)

A seed, only once in Hom., in metaph. sense, v. infr. 1.2:

I mostly, seed of plants, σ. ἀνιέναι, κρύπτειν, h.Cer. 307, cf. Hdt.3.97: pl., Hes.Op. 446; σ. τῇ γῇ διδόναι, ἐμβαλεῖν, X.Oec.17.8, 10: prov.,

εἰς πέλαγος σ. βαλεῖν Epigr.Gr.1038.8

([place name] Pamphylia); of fruit, Antiph.58.4; τοῖς γαίης σπέρμασι with the products of earth, of corn-stalks, AP9.89 (Phil.).

2 metaph., germ, origin of anything,

σ. πυρός Od.5.490

;

φλογός Pi.O.7.48

, cf. P.3.37; σπέρματα, = στοιχεῖα, elements, Anaxag.4, cf. Epicur.Ep.2p.38 U., Fr. 250;

ὁ τὸ σπέρμα παρασχών, οὗτος τῶν φύντων αἴτιος D.18.159

;

συκοφάντου σ. καὶ ῥίζαν οἴεται δεῖν ὑπάρχειν τῇ πόλει Id.25.48

;

σ. τῆς στάσεως Plu. Mar.10

;

τοῦ ὅρκου Longin.16.3

.

3 seed-time, sowing, Hes.Op. 781.

II of animals, seed, semen, φέροισα σ. θεοῦ pregnant by the god, Pi.P.3.15; but σ. φέρειν Ἡρακλέους to be pregnant of Heracles, Id.N.10.17;

μυελὸν.. εἰς σ. καὶ γόνον μερίζεσθαι Ti.Locr.100b

, cf. Pl. Ti. 86c;

σ. παραλαβεῖν E.Or. 553

;

σπέρματος πλῆσαι Plu.Lyc. 15

: pl.,

κατ' ἀμφότερα τὰ σ. θεῶν ἀπόγονος Hp.Ep.2

.

2 race, origin, descent,

τοὐμὸν.. σπέρμ' ἰδεῖν βουλήσομαι S.OT 1077

; τίνος εἶ σπέρματος πατρόθεν; Id.OC 214 (lyr.);

γένεθλον σπέρμα τ' Ἀργεῖον A.Supp. 290

, cf. Ch. 236;

σ. ἄντασ' Ἐρεχθειδᾶν S.Ant. 981

(lyr.), cf. Pi.O.7.93, etc.

3 freq. in Poets, seed, offspring, τὸ βρότειον ς. A.Fr. 399;

σ. Πελοπιδῶν Id.Ch. 503

; σ. [τοῦ Ἀβραάμ] Ev.Luc.1.55, etc.; sts. of a single person, Pi.O.9.61, A.Pr. 705, S.Ph. 364, Orac. ap. Th.5.16, LXX Ge.4.25, etc.: pl., A.Eu. 803, 909, S.OT 1246, OC 600, Ep.Gal.3.16; once in Pl.,

ἀνθρώπων σπέρμασι νουθετοῦμεν Lg. 853c

.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `want, wish' (Il.).

Dialectal forms: Arc.-Cypr. Eretr. (also Hom., s. Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 311) βόλομαι, Lesb. βόλλομαι, Dor. (Cret.) βώλομαι; Thess. βέλλομαι, Boeot. βείλομη, Dor. (Heracl. etc.) δήλομαι, Locr. Delph. δείλομαι. - Other tempora are based on the present: βουλήσομαι, ἐβουλήθην, βεβούλημαι; to βέβουλα (Α 113) below.

Derivatives: βουλή `will, decision, council' (Il.); Dor. Arc. βωλά, Lesb. βόλλα. Denomin. βουλεύω ( βωλ-, βολλ-εύω), - ομαι `deliberate' (Il.), with many deriv.: βούλευμα, βουλεία, βουλευτής, βουλευτήριον `council-chamber'.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [472?] * gʷel- (* gʷelh₃-?) `want, wish'

Etymology: The verb is much discussed and there is no agreement on its history. The root must have been *gʷel-\/gʷol-. - There may have been a perfect with present meaning *βέβολα, a trace of which could be προ-βέβουλα (Α 113) with newly introduced ου from βούλομαι. The o-vocalism and the β- may have been spread from the perfect. (There may also have been influence of βουλή, but this may itself have been derived from the present.) But it seems doubtful that the perfect alone is the source of all the o-vowels. - The central problem is the origin of the present. One has assumed an n- or an s-suffix; Ruijgh, Lingua 25 (1970) 315f. thinks only - λν- can explain the compensatory lengthening. S. Slings, Mnemosyne 28 (1975) 1-16. - Recently Peters, FS Risch 1986, 311, suggests a root in -h₃. This may help explain the o-vocalism. A nasal present * gʷl-n-h₃- would have given *βαλνο- [or βλανο-?] which was replaced by *βολν-. Pamphylian βΟλΕμενος would have βολε- \< *βελο- \< * gʷelh₃-. Many problems of detail remain. E.g. there is no evidence for βλω- and no basis for the introduction of the o-vocalism; in this view the e-vocalism is also problematic. - On the relation between βούλομαι, ἐθέλω and λῆν s. Braun Atti R. Ist. Veneto 98, 337ff.; Rödiger Glotta 8, 1ff.; Wifstrand Eranos 40, 16ff.

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