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1 λαβροσύνα
λαβροσύνᾱ, λαβροσύνηviolence: fem nom /voc /acc dualλαβροσύνᾱ, λαβροσύνηviolence: fem nom /voc sg (doric aeolic)——————λαβροσύναι, λαβροσύνηviolence: fem nom /voc plλαβροσύνᾱͅ, λαβροσύνηviolence: fem dat sg (doric aeolic) -
2 βιάζω
βιάζω (Hom.+) nearly always as a mid. dep. βιάζομαι; aor. mid. ἐβιασάμην, pass. 2 sg. ἐβιάσθης Sir 31:21. Apart fr. Dg. 7:4; 10:15 most of this entry concerns probabilities relating to β. in Mt 11:12 and par. Lk 16:16. The principal semantic problem is whether β. is used negatively (‘in malam partem’) or positively (‘in bonam partem’), a problem compounded by the question of the function of these vss. in their literary context. In Gk. lit. β. is most often used in the unfavorable sense of attack or forcible constraint (s. L-S-J-M).① to inflict violence on, dominate, constrain w. acc. (Herodas 2, 71; Menand., Dyscolus 253 [opp. πείθειν use of persuasion]; 371; Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 35 §139; PAmh 35, 17 [213 B.C.] βιασάμενος αὐτούς; PGiss 19, 13; LGötzeler, Quaestiones in Appiani et Polybii dicendi genus 1890, 63; Esth 7:8 [rape]; En 103:14; 104:3) mistreat the poor people β. τοὺς ὑποδεεστέρους Dg 10:5.—With β. taken as pass., Mt 11:12 ἡ βασιλεία τ. οὐρανῶν βιάζεται is frequently understood in the unfavorable sense the reign/kingdom of heaven is violently treated, is oppressed (so the pass. e.g. Thu. 1, 77, 4; POxy 294, 16 [22 A.D.]; Sir 31:21. On the topic of violence to the divine, cp. Paus. 2, 1, 5 τὰ θεῖα βιάσασθαι=(it is difficult for a mere human) to coerce things in the realm of the divine.—GSchrenk, TW I 608ff; NRSV ‘has suffered violence’; its mng., w. β. understood as mid.: ‘has been coming violently’, s. 2 end); var. ways by which the violence is suffered have been suggested—(a) through hindrances raised against it (βιάζομαι=be hindered, be obstructed: cp. the use of the mid. in this sense: Synes., Provid. 1, 1, 89c of the evil man’s power, which strives εἴ πῃ τὸν θεῖον νόμον βιάσαιτο=[to see] whether it could perhaps ‘hinder’ the divine law; Jos., Ant. 1, 261). For the pass. in this sense, s. the versions: It., Vulg., Syr. Sin. and Cur. S. also Dalman, Worte 113–16; MDibelius, Joh. d. T. 1911, 26ff: hostile spirits.—(b) through the efforts of unauthorized pers. to compel its coming (s. HScholander, ZNW 13, 1912, 172–75)—(c) through attempts to occupy (an area) by force (a territory, Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 24 §91).② to gain an objective by force, use force, intr. (X., Mem. 3, 9, 10; Diod S 4, 12, 5 οἱ βιαζόμενοι=the ones who use force, the intruders; Plut., Mor. 203c; Epict. 4, 8, 40; Lucian, Necyom. 20, Hermot. 22; SIG 1042, 8 [Dssm., NB 85f (BS 258)]; 888, 24; 1243, 4f; PTebt 6, 31; PFlor 382, 54; Dt 22:25, 28; Philo, Mos. 1, 215; Jos., Bell. 3, 493; 518) of compulsion οὐ βιαζόμενος without using force (opp. πείθειν) Dg 7:4.—Of forcing one’s way (Demosth. 55, 17; Appian, Hann. 24 §106) w. εἴς τι enter forcibly into someth. (Thu. 1, 63, 1; 7, 69, 4; Polyb. 1, 74, 5; Plut., Otho 1072 [12, 10]; Philo, Mos. 1, 108 of a gnat forcing its way into bodily orifices εἰς τἀντὸς βιάζεται; Jos., Bell. 3, 423) ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ εὐαγγελίζεται καὶ πᾶς εἰς αὐτὴν βιάζεται the reign of God is being proclaimed and everyone takes (or tries to take [cp. Polemo Soph. B 11 Reader, s. p. 266f]) it by force Lk 16:16 (hyperbolic usage; on the question whether this is a perspective attributed to Jesus or to his opposition concerning moral miscalculation, s. FDanker, JBL 77, ’58, 234–36).— Makes its way w. triumphant force is preferred for Mt 11:12 by FBaur; TZahn; AHarnack, SBBerlAk 1907, 947–57; WBrandt, ZNW 11, 1910, 247f; ROtto, Reich Gottes u. Menschensohn ’34, 84–88; cp. NRSV mg. ‘has been coming violently’.—EGraesser, D. Problem der Parusieverzögerung, ZNW Beih. 22, ’57, 180ff; OBetz, Jesu heiliger Krieg, NovT 2, ’57, 116–37.③ go after someth. w. enthusiasm, seek fervently, try hard, the sense is sought w. burning zeal is preferred by HHoltzmann; FDibelius, StKr 86, 1913, 285–88; et al. for Mt 11:12. A variation of this interpretation is the sense try hard, but the support sought in Epict. 4, 7, 20f is questionable, for this latter pass. rather refers to attempts at forced entry when one is not welcome.④ constrain (warmly) if βιάζεται Lk 16:16 is to be understood as a passive, as POxy 294, 16 (22 A.D.), or in the same sense as the mid. in Gen 33:11; Judg 13:15, the sense would be invite urgently of the ‘genteel constraint imposed on a reluctant guest’ (so vHoffmann et al.; s. FDibelius [s. 3 above]; cp. the sense of Lk 14:23 ἀνάγκασον εἰσελθεῖν ‘compel them to come in’).—On usage at Qumran s. BThiering, NovT 21, ’79, 293–97.—DELG s.v. βία. M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
3 παλαμναιότερον
παλαμναῑότερον, παλαμναῖοςone guilty of violence: adverbial compπαλαμναῑότερον, παλαμναῖοςone guilty of violence: masc acc comp sgπαλαμναῑότερον, παλαμναῖοςone guilty of violence: neut nom /voc /acc comp sg -
4 παλαμναία
παλαμναί̱ᾱ, παλαμναῖοςone guilty of violence: fem nom /voc /acc dualπαλαμναί̱ᾱ, παλαμναῖοςone guilty of violence: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic)——————παλαμναί̱ᾱͅ, παλαμναῖοςone guilty of violence: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic) -
5 ύβρει
ὕβριςwanton violence: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)ὕβρεϊ, ὕβριςwanton violence: fem dat sg (epic)ὕβριςwanton violence: fem dat sg (attic epic ionic) -
6 ὕβρει
ὕβριςwanton violence: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)ὕβρεϊ, ὕβριςwanton violence: fem dat sg (epic)ὕβριςwanton violence: fem dat sg (attic epic ionic) -
7 βία
-ας + ἡ N 1 3-0-7-4-16=30 Ex 1,13.14; 14,25; Is 17,13force, violence Ex 1,13; act of violence Neh 5,15; βίᾳ forcibly Is 30,30βίαν αὐτῶν οὐκ ἔφαγον they ate nothing extorted from them Neh 5,14*Ez 44,18 βίᾳ forcefully corr. βιζα (LXX-Gött.) = MT ביזע with anything that causes sweat; *Is 63,1 βίᾳ μετὰ ἰσχύος violently with strength-ִרב/ב by strife, by force for MT רֹב/ב in the greatness (of his strength);*Hab 3,6 βίᾳ violently, with violence-עז? for MT עד eternalCf. HARL 1991, 250; LE BOULLUEC 1989 77-78(Ex 1,14); OTTLEY 1906 374(Is 63,1) -
8 βιάζω
A constrain, [voice] Act. once in Hom.,ἦ μάλα δή με βιάζετε Od.12.297
;ἐβίασε τὴν γυναῖκά μου Alc.Com.29
: abs., εἰ πάνυ ἐβίαζον if they used force, Hp.Epid.2.24; cf. infr.1.2:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.βιασθήσομαι Paus. 6.5.9
: [tense] aor. ἐβιάσθην, [tense] pf. βεβίασμαι (v. infr.):— to be hard pressed or overpowered,βελέεσσι βιάζεται Il.11.589
; βιάζετο γὰρ βελ. 15.727;βιασθέντες λύᾳ Pi.N.9.14
;νόσῳ Ar.Fr.20
(= Trag.Adesp.70); to be forced or constrained to do, c. inf., Id.Th.890: c. acc. cogn.,βιάζομαι τάδε S.Ant.66
, cf. 1073; ;ἐπεὶ ἐβιάσθη Th.4.44
;ὑπό τινος Id.1.2
; opp. ἀδικεῖσθαι, ib.77;βιασθεὶς ἄκων ἔπραξεν D.6.16
;ἵνα ἢ συγχωρήσωσιν.. ἢ βιασθῶσιν Id.18.175
; ; βεβιασμένοι forcibly made slaves, X.Hier.2.12; πόλεις βεβ. Id.HG5.2.23: ; τὸ βιασθέν those who are forced, Arist.Pol. 1255a11; of things, τοὔνειδος ὀργῇ βιασθέν forced from one by anger, S.OT 524; τὸ βεβιασμένον forced to fit a hypothesis, Arist.Metaph. 1082b2; βεβ. σχήματα forced figures of speech, D.H.Th.33, cf. Porph.Antr. 36.2 [voice] Act., make good, suffice to discharge a debt, PFlor.56.13.II more freq. βιάζομαι, [tense] aor. [voice] Med. ἐβιασάμην, [tense] pf.βεβίασμαι D.19.206
, Men.Sam.63, D.C.46.45:—overpower by force, press hard,ἦ μάλα δή σε βιάζεται ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς Il.22.229
, etc.; β. τοὺς πολεμίους dislodge them, X.An.1.4.5; β. νόμους to do them violence, Th. 8.53; βιασάμενος ταῦτα πάντα having broken through all these restraints, Lys.6.52; β. γυναῖκα force her, Ar.Pl. 1092; opp. πείθειν, Lys.1.32; β. αὑτόν lay violent hands on oneself, Pl.Phd. 61c, 61d; β. τινά, c. inf., force one to do, X.An.1.3.1; τί με βιάζεσθε λέγειν; Arist. Fr.44: with inf. omitted, β. τὰ σφάγια force the victims [ to be favourable], Hdt.9.41;β. ἄστρα Theoc.22.9
: c. dupl. acc.,αὐδῶ πόλιν σε μὴ β. τόδε A.Th. 1047
.2 c. acc. rei, carry by force, βιάσασθαι τὸν ἔκπλουν force an exit, Th.7.72;τὴν ἀπόβασιν Id.4.11
: c. acc. neut., And.4.17, X.HG5.3.12.3 abs., act with violence, use force, A.Pr. 1010, Ag. 1509 (lyr.), S.Aj. 1160, etc.;πρὸς τὸ λαμπρὸν ὁ φθόνος βιάζεται Trag.Adesp.547.12
; opp. δικάζομαι, Th.1.77; β. διὰ φυλάκων force one's way, Id.7.83; β. ἐς τὸ ἔξω, β. εἴσω, ib.69, X.Cyr.3.3.69;δρόμῳ β. Th.1.63
: c. inf.,β. πρὸς τὸν λόφον ἐλθεῖν Id.7.79
; βιαζόμενοι βλάπτειν using every effort to hurt me, Lys.9.16; but βιαζόμενοιμὴ ἀποδιδόναι refusing with violence to repay, X.HG5.3.12: esp. in part., ἵνα βιασάμενοι ἐκπλεύσωσι may sail out by forcing their way, Th.7.67;συνεξέρχονται βιασάμενοι X.An.7.8.11
; ἐπὶ μᾶλλον ἔτι β. (of a famine) grow worse and worse, Hdt.1.94.4 contend or argue vehemently, c. inf., Pl.Sph. 246b; β. τὸ μὴ ὂν ὡς ἔστι κατά τι ib. 241d: abs., persist in assertion, D.21.205. -
9 άσυλον
ἄσῡλον, ἄσυλοςsafe from violence: masc /fem acc sgἄσῡλον, ἄσυλοςsafe from violence: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
10 ἄσυλον
ἄσῡλον, ἄσυλοςsafe from violence: masc /fem acc sgἄσῡλον, ἄσυλοςsafe from violence: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
11 ασυλότατον
ἀσῡλότατον, ἄσυλοςsafe from violence: masc acc superl sgἀσῡλότατον, ἄσυλοςsafe from violence: neut nom /voc /acc superl sg -
12 ἀσυλότατον
ἀσῡλότατον, ἄσυλοςsafe from violence: masc acc superl sgἀσῡλότατον, ἄσυλοςsafe from violence: neut nom /voc /acc superl sg -
13 ασύλως
ἀσύ̱λως, ἄσυλοςsafe from violence: adverbialἀσύ̱λως, ἄσυλοςsafe from violence: masc /fem acc pl (doric) -
14 ἀσύλως
ἀσύ̱λως, ἄσυλοςsafe from violence: adverbialἀσύ̱λως, ἄσυλοςsafe from violence: masc /fem acc pl (doric) -
15 βιαστέον
βιαστέονone must do violence to: masc acc sgβιαστέονone must do violence to: neut nom /voc /acc sgβιαστέοςmasc /fem acc sgβιαστέοςneut nom /voc /acc sg -
16 βιοκωλύτας
βιοκωλύτᾱς, βιοκωλύτηςan officer to suppress violence: masc acc plβιοκωλύτᾱς, βιοκωλύτηςan officer to suppress violence: masc nom sg (epic doric aeolic) -
17 λαβροσύνη
λαβροσύνηviolence: fem nom /voc sg (attic epic ionic)——————λαβροσύνηviolence: fem dat sg (attic epic ionic) -
18 παλαμναίον
παλαμναῖοςone guilty of violence: masc acc sgπαλαμναῖοςone guilty of violence: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
19 παλαμναῖον
παλαμναῖοςone guilty of violence: masc acc sgπαλαμναῖοςone guilty of violence: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
20 παλαμναιοτάτας
παλαμναῑοτάτᾱς, παλαμναῖοςone guilty of violence: fem acc superl plπαλαμναῑοτάτᾱς, παλαμναῖοςone guilty of violence: fem gen superl sg (doric aeolic)
См. также в других словарях:
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