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41 τιταίνω
τῐταίνω, [dialect] Ep. redupl. for τείνω, τανύω, only used in [tense] pres., [tense] impf., and [tense] aor. [voice] Act., [tense] impf. and [tense] aor. [voice] Med., [tense] pres. and [tense] impf. [voice] Pass.:—A stretch, τόξα τιταίνων bending his bow, Il.8.266; ἕτερος δ' ἐπὶ πάσι ( παισὶ Pap.; v. πᾶσις)ποικίλον τόξον τιταίνει B.9.43
; so in [voice] Med.,ἐτιταίνετο καμπύλα τόξα Il.5.97
, cf. Od.21.259;Τυδεΐδῃ ἔπι τόξα τιταίνετο Il.11.370
; φόρμιγγα τιτηνάμενος having tuned my harp, Orph.A. 251 codd.; hence τιταίνει.. νόμον plays a tune on the strings, Ar.Fr. 671 (troch.).2 stretch out,περὶ μέσσῳ χεῖρε τιτήνας Il.13.534
; χρύσεια πατὴρ ἐτίταινε τάλαντα held them out, 8.69;προπάροιθε θρόνων ἐτίταινε τραπέζας Od. 10.354
:—[voice] Pass., extend,τῇ καὶ τῇ D.P.637
, cf. 92, 116, al.3 draw at full stretch, ἅρμα τ. Il.2.390;βόε οἴνοπε πηκτὸν ἄροτρον.. τιταίνετον 13.704
: abs., τιταίνετον haste along, 23.403.4 [voice] Pass., strain or exert oneself, chiefly in part., ἂψ ὤσασκε τιταινόμενος with vehement effort, Od.11.599;γυῖα τιταινόμενος APl.4.105
; of a horse galloping, τιταινόμενος πεδίοιο stretching over the plain, Il.22.23; ; of birds,τιταινομένω πτερύγεσσιν Od.2.149
; of a man running at full speed, Hes.Sc. 229; of rivers,τ. κατ' ὄρεσφι Opp.H.1.22
.5 in Hp., Aret., and late [dialect] Ep., strain, ὄμμα τ. Man.4.496, etc.;τ. ὄμμα εἴς τι Nonn.D.7.283
; τ. ψιθύρισμα whistle loudly, ib.1.31, etc.:—[voice] Pass., to be strained or stretched, as in convulsions, Hp.Epid.5.47, Nic.Th. 722, Aret.CA1.5, etc.: metaph., ἡ ὀδύνη τ. becomes intense, Hp.Mul.2.134 (unless τὰ σκέλεα is the subject).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τιταίνω
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42 τρέχω
τρέχω, Od.9.386, etc.: [tense] fut. θρέξομαι ([etym.] ἀπο-) Ar.Nu. 1005 (anap.), ([etym.] μετα-) Id. Pax 261, ([etym.] περῖ) Id.Ra. 193; θρέξω only in Lyc.108; butAἀπο-θρέξεις Pl.Com.232
: [tense] aor. 1 ἔθρεξα (v. infr.):—but the usual [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. come from the root δραμ-, viz. , X.An. 7.3.45, etc.; [dialect] Ion.δραμέομαι Hdt.8.102
; late ; butὑπερ-δραμῶ Philetaer.3
(dub. l.); δράμομαι in compd.ἀναδράμεται AP 9.575
(Phil.): [tense] aor. 2 ἔδρᾰμον (v. infr.): [tense] pf. δεδράμηκα [pron. full] [ᾰ] Philem. 38, Men.741, ([etym.] ἀνα-) Hdt.8.55, ([etym.] κατα-) X.HG4.7.6, ([etym.] περι-) Pl.Clit. 410a, ([etym.] συν-) D.17.9: [tense] plpf. ἐδεδραμήκεσαν ([etym.] κατ-) Th.8.92: poet. [tense] pf. δέδρομα ([etym.] ἀνα-, ἐπι-) Od.5.412, 20.357:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf. δεδράμημαι ([etym.] ἐπι-) X.Oec.15.1.—The Verb is not common in Hom., who has [tense] pres. in Il.23.520, Od.9.386; in Il.18.599, 602, [dialect] Ion. Iterat. θρέξασκον ( ἔθρεξα was also old [dialect] Att., Epigr. ap. Plu.Arist.20, E.IA 1569 (s. v. l., ἔβρεξε Weil), ([etym.] περι-) Ar.Th. 657); but the common [tense] aor. was ἔδραμον, Il. 23.393, Od.23.207, al.—[dialect] Dor. [full] τράχω [pron. full] [ᾰ] Pi.P.8.32, Hsch., EM356.10: [tense] fut.θραξοῦμαι Hsch.
:—run, of men,ἰθὺς δράμε Od.23.207
, etc.;θρέξασκον ἐπισταμένοισι πόδεσσι Il.18.599
;τρέχει Ὅρκος ἅμα.. δίκῃσιν Hes. Op. 219
;ᾤχεο τρέχων Epich.37
, 110 ( τράχων cf. Ahrens);βαδίζειν καὶ τ. Pl.Grg. 468a
; τρέχων, opp. βάδην, X.Cyr.2.2.30;τ. χερσίν, οὐ ποδωκείᾳ σκελῶν A.Eu.37
: of horses, Il.23.393, 520: the part. is freq. added to another Verb, τί οὐ τρέχων σὺ τὰς τραπέζας ἐκφέρεις; why do you not run and carry out.. ? Pl.Com.69.2, cf. Pl.R. 327b; v. infr. 2.2 of things, move quickly,τὸ δὲ [τρύπανον] τ. ἐμμενὲς αἰεί Od.9.386
, cf. Il.14.413;ναῦς παρὰ γῆν ἔδραμεν Thgn.856
;πόλιν.. ἐξ οὐρίων δραμοῦσαν S.Aj. 1083
; τὸ δ' ἐν ποσὶ τράχον ἴτω let what is now before me go trippingly, Pi.P.8.32;ἐπὶ καρδίαν ἔδραμε.. σταγών A.Ag. 1121
(lyr.); having run its course,S.
Aj. 731; πυρετὸς.. ἥκει τρέχων has come quickly, Nicopho 12.3 οἱ τρέχοντες a constellation rising with Libra, Antiochus ap. Teucrum in Boll Sphaera 58.II c. acc. loci, run over,ῥόθια πεδία E.Hel. 1117
(lyr.);ὁ ἵππος τ. καὶ πρανῆ καὶ ὄρεια X.Eq. 8.1
:—in [dialect] Att. Prose θέω seems to be more freq. in the [tense] pres., and in some phrases used exclusively, e.g. θεῖν δρόμῳ, v. θέω (A) 11.1 and cf. Th.3.111, X.An.1.8.18.2 c. acc. cogn., δραμεῖν ἀγῶνα, βῆμα, δίαυλον, δρόμον, run a course, a heat, E.El. 883, 954, Alex.235, Men. 741, etc.; λαμπάδας, i. e. torch-races, IG22.1028.14: freq. metaph., ἀγῶνα δρ. run a risk, E.Alc. 489, cf. IA 1455;ἀγῶνα θανάσιμον δραμούμενον Id.Or. 878
; πολλοὺς ἀγῶνας δραμέονται περὶ σφέων αὐτῶν run for their life or safety, Hdt.8.102;κινδύνων τὸν μέγιστον τ. D.H.4.47
; τὸν ὑπὲρ ψυχῆς ἀγῶνα, κίνδυνον ὑπὲρ τῆς ψυχῆς τ., Id.7.48, 4.4;ἐσχάτην τρέχοντες ταύτην Plb.1.87.3
: sts. the acc. is omitted, περὶ ἑωυτοῦ τρέχων running for his life, Hdt.7.57; περὶ τῆςψυχῆς Id.9.37
;φόνου πέρι E.El. 1264
; περὶ νίκης f.l. in X.An.1.5.8 ( ἐπὶ νίκῃ Rehdantz); cf. θέω (A) 1.2,δρόμος 1.2
, κρέας fin.3 παρὰ ἓν πάλαισμα ἔδραμε νικᾶν he was within one fall or bout of carrying off the victory, Hdt.9.33; cf. παρά c. 111.5,τριάζω 1
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43 χείρ
χείρ, ἡ, χειρός, χειρί, χεῖρα, dual χεῖρε, χεροῖν, pl. χεῖρες, χερῶν, χεῖρας, penult. being regularly short, when the ult. is long; dat. pl. regularly χερσί ( χειρσί occurs in cod.Vat. of LXX, as Jd.7.19, 1 Ch.5.10, and late Inscrr. as CIG2811A b.10 ([place name] Aphrodisias), 2942c ([place name] Tralles): but Poets used the penult. long or short in all cases, as the verse required, χερός, χερί, χέρα, χέρε, χέρες, χέρας (of which Hom. uses onlyχερί; χέρα h.Pan.40
); gen. dual (lyr.), 1394 (lyr.), IG22.1498.76; gen. pl. χειρῶν ib.31, common in Prose.—Poet. forms, dat. pl. χείρεσι ([etym.] ν ) once in Hom., Il.20.468, also Q.S.2.401, 5.469 (v.l.);χείρεσσι Il.12.382
, Pi.O.10(11).62, S.Ant. 976 (lyr.), 1297 (lyr.), and once in trim., E.Alc. 756; χέρεσσι ([etym.] ν) Hes.Th. 519, 747, B.17.49; ([place name] Galatia):—[dialect] Dor. nom. [full] χέρς Timocr.9; [full] χήρ Sophr. in PSI11.1214a3 (also, = δίψακος, Ps.-Dsc.3.11); gen.χηρός Alcm.32
, IG42(1).121.22 (Epid., iv B. C.); acc. pl. χῆρας ib.96, [dialect] Aeol.χέρρας Alc.Supp.4.21
, Theoc.28.9.—On the accent and declension of these forms, v. Hdn.Gr.2.277, 748:— the hand, whether closed,παχεῖα Il.3.376
;βαρεῖα 11.235
, al.; or open, flat, χερσὶ καταπρηνέσσι, χειρὶ καταπρηνεῖ, 15.114, Od.13.164, al.;εἰς τὴν χ. ἐγχεάμενοί τι X.Cyr.1.3.9
: freq. in pl. where a single hand is meant, Il.23.384, etc.; reversely, sg. where more than one hand is spoken of, e.g. Od.3.37, etc.; dual joined with pl.,ἄμφω χεῖρας 8.135
;χεῖρε ἀμφοτέρας Il.21.115
.2 hand and arm, arm (cf. Ruf.Onom.11,82, Gal.2.347),πῆχυν χειρὸς δεξιτερῆς Il.21.166
; ;χεῖρες ἀπ' ὤμων ἀΐσσοντο Hes.Th. 150
;χ. εἰς ὤμους γυμναί Longus 1.4
; ἐν χερσὶ γυναικῶν πεσέειν into the arms, Il.6.81, etc.: hence, words are added to denote the hand as distinct from the arm,ἄκρην οὔτασε χεῖρα 5.336
;περὶ ἄκραις ταῖς χ. χειρῖδας ἔχουσι X.Cyr.8.8.17
, cf. Pl. Prt. 352a.3 of the hand or paw of animals,ὅσα [ζῷα] χεῖρας ἔχει X.Mem.1.4.14
; πορεύεσθαι ἐπὶ χειρῶν go on all fours. LXX Le.11.27; so of monkeys, Arist.HA 502b3; of the fore-paws of the hyena, Id.Fr. 369; of the bear, Plu.2.919a.II Special usages:1 to denote position, ποτέρας τῆς χερός; on which hand? E.Cyc. 681;ἐπὶ δεξιὰ χειρός Pi.P.6.19
;ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ χειρός Od.5.277
;χειρὸς εἰς τὰ δεξιά S.Fr. 598
;λαιᾶς χειρός A.Pr. 714
(but χείρ is often omitted with δεξιά, ἀριστερά, as we say the right, the left).2 freq. in dat. of all numbers with Verbs which imply the use of hands, λάβε χειρί, χερσὶν ἑλέσθαι, Il.5.302, 10.501;χερσὶν ἀσπάζεσθαι Od.3.35
;προκαλίζεσθαι 18.20
; χειρί, χεροῖν ψαῦσαι, S.OT 1510, 1466: sts. this dat. is added pleon. by way of emphasis,ὄνυξι συλλαβὼν χερί Id.Aj. 310
.3 gen., by the hand,χειρὸς ἔχειν τινά Il.4.154
;χειρὸς ἑλών 1.323
, etc.; γέροντα δὲ χειρὸς ἀνίστη he raised him by the hand, 24.515, cf. Od.14.319;χερὶ χειρὸς ἑλών Pi.P.9.122
;τινὰ χειρός ἑλκειν Id.N.11.32
;ἀνέλκειν τινὰ τῆς χ. Ar.V. 569
(anap.).4 the acc. is used when one takes the hand of a person,χεῖρα γέροντος ἑλών Il. 24.361
;χεῖρ' ἕλε δεξιτερήν Od.1.121
; χεῖράς τ' ἀλλήλων λαβέτην, in pledge of good faith, Il.6.233; soἔμβαλλε χ. δεξιὰν πρώτιστά μοι S.Tr. 1181
; alsoἔμβαλλε χειρὸς πίστιν Id.Ph. 813
, cf. OC 1632.5 other uses of the acc.:a in prayer or entreaty, χεῖρας ἀνασχεῖν [θεοῖς] Il.3.275, etc.;ποτὶ γούνασι χεῖρας βάλλειν Od.6.310
;ἀμφὶ.. Ἀρήτης βάλε γούνασι χεῖρας Ὀδυσσεύς 7.142
; ;ἀμφί τινι χεῖρε β. 21.223
;περίβαλε δὲ χέρας Ar.Th. 914
, cf. A.Ag. 1559 (anap.);χεῖρας προΐσχεσθαι Th.3.58
, 66; so alsoχεῖρας ἀείρων Od.11.423
, cf. Il.7.130 (tm.); χ. ἀνατείνειν (v.ἀνατείνω 1.1
).b τὰς χεῖρας αἴρειν to hold up hands in token of assent or choice, of persons voting, Ar.Ec. 264;τὴν χ. αἴρειν And.3.41
;ὅτῳ δοκεῖ ταῦτα, ἀράτω τὴν χ. X.An.5.6.33
, cf. 7.3.6; ἀνατεινάτω τὴν χ. ib.3.2.9, 33;χεῖρας ὀρεγνύς Il.22.37
;χεῖρ' ὀρέγων εἰς οὐρανόν 15.371
;χεῖρας ὀ. τινί Od.12.257
;πρός τινα Pi. P.4.240
;ποτὶ στόμα χεῖρ' ὀρέγεσθαι Il.24.506
(but χεῖρά τισι ὀ. to reach them one's hand in help, X.HG5.2.17); alsoχεῖρε ἑτάροισι πετάσσας Il.4.523
, etc.;πιτνὰς εἰς ἐμὲ χεῖρας Od.11.392
(but χεῖρε πετάσσας abs., of one swimming, etc., 5.374, al.).I as a protector, Il.9.420, etc.: less freq. τισι, 4.249, cf. 5.433;χεῖρά θ' ὕπερθεν ἔχεις IG14.1003.10
([place name] Rome).d in hostile sense, χεῖρας or χεῖρα ἐπιφέρειν τινί, Il.1.89, 19.261, al.;χεῖρας ἐφιέναι τινί 1.567
, Od.1.254, al.;χεῖρας ἐπιβάλλειν τισί Plb.3.2.8
, etc.;χέρα τινὶ προσενεγκεῖν Pi.P.9.36
; χεῖρας ἐπί τινι ἰάλλειν, v. ἰάλλω 1.1.e χεῖρας ἀπέχειν keep hands off,λοιμοῖο βαρείας χεῖρας ἀφέξει Il.1.97
codd.;κερτομίας δέ τοι.. καὶ χεῖρας ἀφέξω.. μνηστήρων Od.20.263
;ἀθανάτων ἀπέχειν χέρας A.Eu. 350
(lyr.);τὼ χεῖρε ἀπέχεται Pl.Smp. 213d
;παύειν χεῖράς τινος Il.21.294
.f χεῖρας ἐπιτιθέναι τινί, in token of consecration, 1 Ep.Ti.5.22, etc.6 with Preps.:a ἀνὰ χεῖρας ἔχειν τινάς to be intimate with.., Plb.21.6.5;αἱ ἀνὰ χεῖρά τινων ὁμιλίαι S.E.M.1.64
; τὰ ἀνὰ χεῖρα πράγματα the matters in hand, Plu.2.614b, etc. (also οἱ ἀνὰ χ. χρόνοι the current period, PRyl.88.21 (ii A. D.); τὰ ἀνὰ χ. what comes his way, Ps.-Ptol.Centil.18; ἀνὰ χ. τῆς πύλης hard by.., LXX 2 Ki.15.2.b ἀπὸ χειρὸς λογίσασθαι to reckon off-hand, roughly, Ar.V. 656 (anap.), cf. Luc.Hist.Conscr.29: but πότισον τὴν γῆν ἀπὸ χειρός by hand, PCair.Zen.155 (iii B. C.).c διὰ χερῶν ἔχειν, λαβεῖν, literally, to have or take between the hands, A.Supp. 193, S.Ant. 916; διὰ χειρὸς ἔχειν to hold in the hand, ib. 1258 (anap.), Ar.V. 597 (anap.); to have in hand, i. e. under control, Th.2.76;διὰ χειρῶν ἔχειν τὴν πολιτείαν Arist.Pol. 1308a27
; τὰ τῶν ξυμμάχων keep under control, Th.2.13: later, to have a work in hand, be engaged in it, Phld.Acad.Ind.p.69M. ([etym.] χερός), D.H.Isoc.4;τὰ ὅπλα Plu.Cor.2
, etc. (also διὰ χ. by direct payment, opp. διὰ τῆς τραπέζης by banker's order, BGU1156.8 (i B. C.), etc.; cf.διὰ χ. ἔσπευδε τὴν πρᾶσιν Charito 1.12
); of arms,διὰ χειρὸς εἶναι Luc.Anach.35
; διὰ χ. ἔχειν, c. part., to be continually doing, Plu.2.767c;διὰ χειρός τινος ποιεῖν τι LXXJo.17.4
, al., cf. Act.Ap.7.25, al.d ἐς χεῖρας λαβεῖν τι literally, S.El. 1120, etc.; to take a matter in hand, undertake it,πρᾶγμ' ἐς χέρας λαβόντ' E.Hec. 1242
;ἄγεσθαί τι ἐς χεῖρας Hdt.1.126
, 4.79, etc.; δοῦναί τινι ἐς χέρας, εἰς χεῖρα, S.El. 1348, X.Cyr.8.8.22;καταστῆσαι εἰς τὰς χ. τινος Aeschin.2.28
; of persons, ἵκεο χεῖρας ἐς ἁμάς thou hast fallen into our hands, Il.10.448 (in Hom. also simplyὅ τι χεῖρας ἵκοιτο Od.12.331
, cf. 24.172); soεἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τινι X.Cyr.7.4.10
, cf. 2.4.15: generally, to have to do with any one, converse with him, Id.An.1.2.26 (soἐς χεῖρα γῇ ξυνῆψαν E.Heracl. 429
): most freq. ἐς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τισι to come to blows or close quarters with.., A.Th. 680;ἀλλήλοις Th.7.44
: abs.,εἰς χ. ἐλθεῖν Id.4.96
;ἐς χ. ἰέναι Id.2.3
, 4.72, cf. PTeb.765.6 (ii B. C.);συνιέναι X.Cyr.8.8.22
; also ἐς χειρῶν νόμον (fort. νομόν)ἀπικέσθαι Hdt.9.48
; ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ (fort. νομῷ)ἀπόλλυσθαι Id.8.89
, cf. Aeschin.1.5, SIG167.37 (Mylasa, iv B. C.), Heraclid.Pol.25, Plb.1.34.5, 5.111.6; [full] ἐν χειρὸς νόμῳ Arist.Pol. 1285a10, D.H.6.26;ἐν χειρῶν νομαῖς SIG700.29
(Lete, ii B.C.), v. l. in LXX 3 Ma.1.5; ἐν χεροῖν δίκῃ cj. in E.Ba.738;εἰς χεῖρας συμμεῖξαι τοῖς πολεμίοις X.Cyr.2.1.11
; also εἰς χεῖρας δέχεσθαί τινας to await their charge, Id.An.4.3.31;ἐς χ. ὑπομεῖναί τινας Th. 5.72
.e ἐκ χειρός by hand of man, S.Aj.27: from near at hand, at close range,ἐκ χειρὸς βάλλειν X.An.3.3.15
; ἀμύνασθαι ib.5.4.25;μάχεσθαι Id.HG7.2.14
, cf. D.S.19.6;πληγὰς ἐκ χ. ἀναδέξασθαι Plu.
tim.4;οὐ μὴ σωθῇ ἐκ χ. σιδήρου LXX Jb.20.24
; ἡ ἐκ χ. δίκη lynch law, D.H.4.37;ἡ ἐκ χ. βία Plb.9.4.6
: metaph., ἡ ἐκ χ. θεωρία closerange reading, D.H.Isoc.2; so of time, out of hand, off-hand, forthwith, Plb.5.41.7, al.fδέπας μητρὶ ἐν χειρὶ τίθει Il.1.585
, cf. Od.13.57, 15.120, al. (always so of a cup, hence ἐν χερσὶ τίθει δέπας, though found in most codd., was condemned by the critics in Il.l.c., Od.3.51, 15.130);πρεσβήϊον ἐν χερὶ θήσω Il.8.289
; τόξον, ἔγχος ἔχων ἐν χειρί, 15.443, 17.604;σκῆπτρον δέ οἱ ἔμβαλε χειρί Od.2.37
; butἐν.. χειρὶ σκῆπτρον ἔθηκεν Il.23.568
; of a gift,ἐν χερσὶ τίθει 1.441
, 446; ἐν ταῖς χ. ἔχειν, literally, Pl.R. 432d;τὰ ὅπλ' ἐν ταῖς χ. ἔχων D.9.8
, etc. (metaph.,ἔτι μεμνημένων ὑμῶν καὶ μόνον οὐκ ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν ἕκαστ' ἐχόντων Id.18.226
); but ἐν χερσὶν ἔχειν also, to have in hand, be engaged in,τὸν γάμον Hdt.1.35
;ἑορτήν Plu.Alex.13
;τὴν περὶ Δημοσθένους πραγματείαν D.H.Th.1
;ἐν χειρί τινα δίκην ἔχων Pl.Tht. 172e
; ὁ ἐν χερσὶ πόλεμος the war in hand, D.H.8.87; περιτειχισμὸς ἐν χερσὶν ὤν ib.21;ἡ ἐν χ. ζήτησις S.E.M.11.208
, etc.; freq. of fighting, ἐν χερσί hand to hand,ἐν χ. ἦν ἡ μάχη Th.4.43
;ἐν χ. ἀποκτεῖναι Id.3.66
, cf. 4.57,96, etc.;ἐν χ. γίγνεσθαι τοῖς ἐναντίοις Id.5.72
;ἐν χ. εἶναί τινος X.HG4.6.11
;δίκη ἐν χερσί Hes.Op. 192
;ὁ ψόφος τῶν ὅπλων καὶ τῶν ἵππων ὁ φρυαγμὸς ἐν χερσὶν ἐδόκει εἶναι D.S.19.31
; ἡ ἐν χερσὶν [δυστυχία] Plu.Cleom.22: also in dual,τἀν χεροῖν S.Ant. 1345
(lyr.); ἐν χειρί τινος by the hand of.., LXX Jo.21.2, al.;ἐν χ. ἀγγέλου Act.Ap.7.35
(v.l.).g ἐπὶ χειρὸς ἔχειν on or in one's hand, Thgn.490; ἐπὶ χεῖράς τινων ἐκφέρουσι put into their hands, Plu.2.815b; also ἐπὶ χεῖρά τινος next to, LXXNe.3.4.h κατὰ χειρός, of washing the hands before meals, ὕδωρ κατὰ χειρός (sc. φερέτω τις), Ar.V. 1216, cf.Av. 464 (anap.), Fr. 502 (lyr.), Philox. 1, Ath.9.408e; (without ὕδωρ)κατὰ χ. ἐδόθη Alex.261.2
, cf. Arched. 2.3: prov. of that which is easily come by, Telecl.1.2 (anap.);πάντα μοι κατὰ χ. ἦν τὰ πράγματα
at hand,Pherecr.
146.5; also κατὰ χειρῶν δοῦναι, χέειν, λαβεῖν, Philyll.3, Antiph.287 (v.l.), Men.470 (troch.), cf. Phot.s.v. κατὰ χειρὸς ὕδωρ: κατὰ χεῖρα in deed or act,κατὰ χ. γενναιότατοι D.H.7.6
; opp. συνέσει, Plu.Phil.7; κατὰ χεῖρά σου according to thy will, LXX Si.25.26: but κατὰ χεῖρας [τῆς σοφίας] by her side, ib.14.25.i μετὰ χερσὶν ἔχειν between, i.e. in, the hands, Il.11.4, 15.717; [ἄλεισον] μετὰ χ. ἐνώμα Od.22.10
: μετὰ χεῖρας ἔχειν to have in hand, be engaged in, Hdt.7.16.β, Th.1.138.k λάβε παρὰ χεῖρα take in hand, LXX To. 11.4; but τὸ πὰρ χειρός the work in hand, B.13.10.m πρὸς χειρός τινος by his hand, A.Supp.66 (lyr.), etc.; πρὸς ἐμὴν χεῖρα at the signs given by my hand, S.Ph. 148 (anap.); πρὸς χεῖρα ὑποβορβορύζοντες on pressure, Hp.Epid.4.7.n ὑπὸ χερσὶ ἁλοῦσα under, i.e. by, another's hands, Il.2.374, etc.; ὑπὸ χεῖρα ποιεῖσθαι to bring under one's power, X.Ages.1.22; οἱ ὑπὸ χ. persons in one's power, D.6.34; ὑπὸ τὴν χ. ἐλθεῖν to come into one's hand, Luc.Herm.57, etc.; ὑπὸ χ. in hand, i.e. in stock, Arist.Mete. 369b33; but also, at hand, i.e. at once, Plu.2.548e; τὰ ὑπὸ χ. ib.56b, Dsc.1.35; ὁ ὑπὸ χ. the attendant, Dsc.5.75;παρέργως καὶ ὑπὸ χ.
extempore,Plu.
Arat.3, etc.; also καθύπο χεῖρα κινῶν [τὰς οὐσίας], in Alchemy, Ps.-Democr. p.51 B.III the hand often receives the attributes of the person using it, χ. μεγάλη, of Zeus, Il.15.695 (χ. παγκρατής, of God, Secund.Sent.3; χ. ὑπερμήκης, of the 'long arm' of the king, Hdt.8.140.β') ; θοὴ χ., of one throwing, Il.12.306;ἀφνειά Pi.O.7.1
, cf. S.El. 458; εὐσεβεστέρα, εὐφιλής, A.Ch. 141, Ag.34; κάρβανος ib. 1061; (anap.); , etc.: to denote wealth or poverty,πλειοτέρῃ σὺν χ. Od.11.359
;κενεὰς σὺν χ. ἔχοντες 10.42
, cf. E.Hel. 1280, etc.2 it is represented as acting of itself,χεῖρες μαιμῶσιν Il.13.77
, cf. S.Aj.50;χεὶρ ὁρᾷ τὸ δράσιμον A.Th. 554
;δήμου κρατοῦσα χ. Id.Supp. 604
(dub. l.): prov.,ἁ δὲ χ. τὰν χ. νίζει Epich.273
; or simply,ἁ χ. τὰν χ. AP5.207
(Mel.).3 pl., in theurgy, name for spiritual powers,αἱ δημιουργικαὶ [τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος] δυνάμεις ἃς θεουργῶν παῖδες χεῖρας ἀποκαλοῦσιν Procl. in Cra. p.101
P., cf. eund. in R.2.252K.IV to denote act or deed, opp. mere words, in pl.,ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν Il.1.77
; μνῆμ' Ἑλένης χειρῶν of her handiwork, her art, Od.15.126 (so in sg.,δώρημ' ἐκείνῳ τἀνδρὶ τῆς ἐμῆς χ. S.Tr. 603
);χερσὶν ἢ λόγῳ Id.OT 883
(lyr.), cf. OC 1297, etc.; τῇ χειρὶ χρᾶσθαι to use one's hands, i.c. be active, stirring, opp. ἀργὸς ἐπεστάναι, Hdt.3.78, cf. 9.72; τὰς χ. προσφέρειν to apply force, X.Mem.2.6.31: sg.,βούλευμα μὲν τὸ Δῖον, Ἡφαίστου δὲ χείρ A.Pr. 619
; μιᾷ χειρί single-handed, D.21.219;χειρὶ καὶ ποδὶ καὶ πάσῃ δυνάμει Aeschin.3.109
, cf. 2.115;χερσίν τε ποσίν τε Il.20.360
, cf. Pi.O.10(11).62, esp. of using the hands in a fight, cf. supr. 11.6d, e, f; of deeds of violence, πρὶν χειρῶν γεύσασθαι before we try force, Od.20.181; ἀδίκων χ. ἄρχειν to give the first blow, X.Cyr.1.5.13, Antipho 4.2.1, Lys.4.11, etc.;ἀμυνόμενος ἄρχοντα χειρῶν Pl.Lg. 869d
: generally, χεῖρες violent measures, force,ἐπίσχετε θυμὸν ἐνιπῆς καὶ χειρῶν Od.20.267
;ὑπόδικος χερῶν A.Eu. 260
(lyr.);χερσὶ πεποιθώς Il.16.624
, etc.; ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ v. supr. 11.6d; ὅπως θανάτοιο βαρείας χ. ἀλάλκοι, v.l. for κῆρας, Il.21.548.V a number, band, body of men, esp. of soldiers,χεὶρ μεγάλη Hdt.7.157
; in dat.,οὐ σὺν μεγάλῃ χ. Id.5.72
;πολλῇ χ. 1.174
, Th.3.96, E.Heracl. 337; pleon.,χ. μεγάλῃ πλήθεος Hdt.7.20
; ; οἰκεία χείρ, for χεὶρ οἰκετῶν, E.El. 629;σὺν πλήθει χερῶν S.OT 123
.VI handwriting,τὴν ἑαυτοῦ χεῖρα ἀρνήσασθαι Hyp.Lyc.Fr.5
, cf. IG9(1).189 ([place name] Phocis); τῇ ἐμῇ χ. Παύλου I Ep. Cor.16.21, Ep.Col.4.18: copy, counterpart of a document, SIG712.31 (Crete, ii B.C.); deed, instrument,ἡ χ. ἥδε κυρία ἔστω PRein.28.18
(ii B.C.), cf. PCair.Zen. 477 (iii B.C.), etc.b handiwork of an artist or workman,γλαφυρὰ χ. Theoc.Epigr.8.5
, etc.;αἱ Ἐφεσίου χεῖρες Herod.4.72
, cf. 6.66;σοφαὶ χέρες APl.4.262
;τὰς Φειδίου χ. Lib.Or. 30.22
.VII of any implement resembling a hand:1 a kind of gauntlet, X.Eq.12.5, Poll.1.135 (pl.).2 χ. σιδηρᾶ grappling-iron, Th.4.25, 7.62; also of an anchor, AP6.38 (Phil.).4 in LXX, pillar or cairn, as it were a finger pointing to heaven,χεὶρ Ἀβεσσαλώμ LXX 2 Ki.18.18
; also ἀνέστακεν αὐτῷ χεῖρα, i.e. trophy, ib. 1 Ki.15.12.5 χεῖρες ἐλάτιναι, of oars, Tim.Pers.7.7 instrument of torture, LXX 4 Ma.8.13. -
44 χέω
χέω, used in the simple form mostly by Poets, butA v. ἐγ-, κατα-, συγ-χέω; -εει is not [var] contr. by [dialect] Ep., v. Il.6.147, 9.15, Hes.Op. 421; but in Trag. and [dialect] Att. always so, ἐκ-χεῖ, συγ-χεῖς, κατα-χεῖν, S.El. 1291, E.IA37 (anap.), Ar.Eq. 1091 (hex.); for - εε no rule is observed, [tense] impf.χέε Il.23.220
; butσύγ-χει 9.612
, 13.808,χεῖσθαι Od.10.518
;κατ-έχεε Ar.Nu.74
, D.45.74; ἐν-έχει, ἐν-έχεις, ἐξ-έχει, Antipho 1.19, Ar.Pl. 1021, A.Ag. 1029 (lyr.):— -έῃ, -έο, -έου, -έω seem never to have been contracted, exc.ἐγχεῦντα Theoc.10.53
:— [tense] fut. χέω ( ἐκ-χεῶ acc. to Choerob. in Theod.2.168 H., but this is Hellenistic, LXX Je.6.11, al., ἐκ-χεεῖς ib.Ex.4.9, ἐκ-χεεῖib.Le.4.18,25, ἐκ-χεεῖτε ib.De.12.16,24, ἐκ-χεοῦσι ib.Le.4.12, προς-χεεῖς ib.Ex. 29.16, al., and the [voice] Med. χεόμενος (v. infr.) points to [dialect] Att. χέω), συγ- E.Fr. 384
, (anap.);παρα-χέων Pl.Com. 69.3
; [dialect] Ep. [tense] fut.χεύω Od.2.222
(χρειώ Aristarch.
, whence χείω Porson): [tense] aor.ἔχεα Il.18.347
, Pi.I.8(7).64, etc.; [dialect] Ep.ἔχευα Il.3.270
, 4.269,χεῦα 14.436
, Od.4.584, etc.; [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. 1 subj.χεύομεν Il.7.336
(lateἔχευσα AP14.124
(Metrod.)): [tense] pf. κέχῠκα, ([etym.] ἐκ-) Men.915, APl.4.242 (Eryc.):—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. [dialect] Att.χεόμενος Is.6.51
: [tense] aor.ἐχεάμην Hdt.7.43
, A.Pers. 220 (troch.), S.OC 477, Ar.V. 1020 (anap.); [dialect] Ep. ἐχευάμην, χευάμην, Il.5.314, 18.24, etc.; [dialect] Ep. subj. χεύεται ([etym.] περι-) Od.6.232 (perh. indic.):—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. χῠθήσομαι ([etym.] συγ-) D.23.62, cf. J.AJ8.8.5: later χεθήσομαι, ([etym.] ἐκ-) Arr.Epict.4.10.26:—[tense] aor. 1 ἐχύθην [ῠ] Od.19.590, etc.: later ἐχέθην, not in Inscrr. or Pap., f.l. in Ph.1.455, Euc.Catoptr.Prooem. (vii p.286 H., ἐγ-, ἐκ-), etc.: also [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. χύτο [ῠ] Il.23.385, Od.7.143;ἐξ-έχῠτο 19.470
; ἔχυντο, χύντο, 10.415, Il.4.526; part. χύμενος, η, ον, 19.284, Od.8.527, and Trag. in lyr., A.Ch. 401, Eu. 263, E.Heracl.76: [tense] pf.κέχῠμαι Il.5.141
, Sapph. Supp.25.12, Pi.I.1.4, etc.: [tense] plpf. [dialect] Ep.κέχῠτο Il.5.696
, etc.—[dialect] Ep. [tense] pres. [full] χείω, Hes.Th.83; later [dialect] Ep. [tense] pres. [full] χεύω both in the simple Verb and compds., Nic.Al. 381, Lyr.Alex.Adesp.35.19 (fort. Mesom.), Nonn. D.18.344, Opp.C.2.127:—[voice] Med.,χεύομαι A.R.2.926
: in later Prose [tense] pres. [full] χύνω (q.v.); χῦσαι is f.l. for λῦσαι in codd. dett. of Tryph. 205.—Rare in Prose, exc. in compds. and in [voice] Med. 0-0Radic. sense, pour:I prop. of liquids, pour out, let flow, ; , cf. Od.1.146, etc.;οἶνον χαμάδις χέε Il.23.220
;κατὰ στόματος νέκταρ Theoc.7.82
: χέει ὕδωρ, of Zeus, i.e. makes it rain, Il.16.385;ὅταν βορέας χιόνα.. χέῃ E.Cyc. 328
: abs., χέει it snows, Il.12.281 ( νειφέμεν is in l. 280): freq. of drink-offerings,χέουσα χοάς A.Ch.87
:—[voice] Med.,χοὴν χεῖσθαι νεκύεσσι Od.10.518
;χοὴν χεόμην νεκύεσσι 11.26
;χοὰς χέασθαι Hdt.7.43
, etc.: abs., Is.6.51,65:—[voice] Pass.,κέχυται Il.12.284
; κρῆναι χέονται they gush forth, E.Hipp. 748 (lyr.);ποτοῦ χυθέντος ἐς γῆν S.Tr. 704
; χέεσθαι βουτύρῳ, γάλακτι to flow with.., LXX Jb.29.6.2 χ. δάκρυα shed tears,δάκρυα θερμὰ χέοντες Il.7.426
, cf. 16.3, E.Tr.38;ἀπ' ὀφθαλμῶν Id.Cyc. 405
:—[voice] Med.,ὅσα σώματα χεῖται Pl.Ti. 83e
:—[voice] Pass., of tears, flow,δάκρυα θερμὰ χέοντο Od.4.523
;ἀπ' ὀφθαλμῶν χύτο δάκρυα Il.23.385
; of blood, to be shed, drip, (anap.), cf. Eu. 263 (lyr.).4 [voice] Pass., become liquid, melt, dissolve, τὰ κεχυμένα, opp. τὰ συνεστῶτα, Pl.Ti. 66c; of the ground in spring, X.Oec.16.12, Thphr.CP3.4.4; κεχυμένοι ὀφθαλμοί perh. moist, languishing eyes, Heph.Astr.1.1.II of solids, shed, scatter,φύλλα ἄνεμος χαμάδις χέει Il.6.147
; ;πτερὰ ἔραζε Od. 15.527
; ἐν.. ἄλφιτα χ. δοροῖσιν pour into.., 2.354; [κρέα] εἰν ἐλεοῖσιν Il.9.215
;κόνιν κὰκ κεφαλῆς 18.24
, Od.24.317; καλάμην χθονί, of a mower or reaper, Il.19.222:—[voice] Pass.,ἐν νάσῳ κέχυται σπέρμα Pi.P. 4.42
; πάγου χυθέντος when the frost was on the ground, S. Ph. 293; κέχυται νόσος has spread through his frame, Id.Tr. 853 (lyr.).2 throw up earth, so as to form a mound,σῆμ' ἔχεαν Il.24.799
; χεύαντες δὲ τὸ σῆμα ib. 801, cf. Od.1.291;τύμβον χ. Il.7.336
, etc.;θανόντι χυτὴν ἐπὶ γαῖαν ἔχευαν Od.3.258
, cf. Il.23.256.3 χ. δούρατα shower spears, 5.618:—[voice] Med., βέλεα χέοντο they showered their darts, 8.159.4 let fall, drop,κατὰ δ' ἡνία χεῦεν ἔραζε 17.619
;εἴδατα ἔραζε Od.22.20
; ἀπὸ κρατὸς χέε (v.l. for βάλε)δέσματα Il.22.468
; (lyr.) (but καρπὸν χ., of trees, not to shed their fruit, but to let it hang down in profusion, Od.11.588):—[voice] Pass., streaming down, falling,E.
Ba. 456.5 in [voice] Pass., to be heaped up, massed together, [ἰχθύες] ἐπὶ ψαμάθοισι κέχυνται Od. 22.387
, cf. 389; of dead geese, 19.539; of dung, 17.298, Il.23.775; alsoσωρὸν σίτου κεχυμένον Hdt.1.22
.6 [voice] Pass., of living beings, stream in a dense throng, Il.16.267, etc.;δακρυόεντες ἔχυντο Od.10.415
, etc.: of sheep, Il.5.141.7 of persons, ἀμφ' αὐτῷ χυμένη throwing herself around him, 19.284, Od.8.527:—[voice] Med.,ἀμφὶ φίλον υἱὸν ἐχεύατο πήχεε Il.5.314
:—[voice] Pass., of things,ἀμφὶ δὲ δεσμοὶ τεχνήεντες ἔχυντο Od.8.297
.8 [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. κέχυμαι, to be wholly engaged or absorbed in,Δᾶλος, ἐν ᾇ κέχυμαι Pi.I.1.4
; κεχυμένος ἐς τἀφροδίσια, Lat. effusus in Venerem, Luc.Sacr.5;πρὸς ἡδονήν Alciphr.1.6
.III of impalpable things:1 of the voice, φωνήν, αὐδὴν χ., Od.19.521, Hes.Sc. 396, cf. Th.83;ἐπὶ θρῆνον ἔχεαν Pi.I. 8(7).64
;Ἑλλάδος φθόγγον χέουσα A.Th.73
, cf. Supp. 632 (lyr.), Fr.36 (lyr.); of wind instruments,πνεῦμα χέων ἐν αὐλοῖς Simon. 148.8
, cf. APl.4.226 (Alc.):—[voice] Med.,κωμῳδικὰ πολλὰ χέασθαι Ar.V. 1020
(anap.):—but in [voice] Pass., κεχυμένα ᾄσματα non-rhythmical melodies, Aristid.Quint.1.13.2 of things that obscure the sight, κατ' ὀφθαλμῶν χέεν ἀχλύν shed a dark cloud over the eyes, Il.20.321; πολλὴν ἠέρα χεῦε shed a mist abroad, Od.7.15, etc. (soεὔκρατος ἀὴρ χεῖται Pl.Ax. 371d
);τῷ δ' ὕπνον ἀπήμονά τε λιαρόν τε χεύῃ ἐπὶ βλεφάροισιν Il.14.165
, cf. Od.2.395, etc.:— [voice] Pass., ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ θάνατος χύτο was shed around him, Il.13.544; ; (but πάλιν χύτο ἀήρ the mist dissolved or vanished, Od.7.143); ; ἐχεύατο πόντον ἔπι φρίξ ([voice] Med. in pass. sense) Il.7.63.3 [tense] aor. [voice] Pass., ἐχύθη οἱ θυμός his mind overflowed with joy, A.R.3.1009.4 [voice] Pass., to be dissipated, diffused, Plot. 1.4.10;οὐδὲν τοῦ χεῖσθαι δεηθέν Id.6.5.3
; to be rarefied, opp. πιλεῖσθαι, Gal.15.28. (Cf. Skt. juhóti 'pour (sacrificial offerings)', part. hutás (= χυτός), Lat. fundo, Goth. giutan 'pour'.) -
45 ψιλός
I of land, bare, ψ. ἄροσις open cornland, Il.9.580;πεδίον μέγα τε καὶ ψ. Hdt.1.80
;ὁ λόφος.. δασὺς ἴδῃσί ἐστι, ἐούσης τῆς ἄλλης Λιβύης ψ. Id.4.175
;ἀπὸ ψ. τῆς γῆς Pl.Criti. 111d
, cf. X.An.1.5.5, etc.: in full, [γῆ] ψ. δενδρέων Hdt.4.19
,21; ἄδενδρα καὶ ψ., of the Alps, Plb.3.55.9; τὰ ψ. (sc. χωρία), opp. τὰ ὑλώδη, X.Cyn.5.7; τόποι ψ. ib.4.6; ψ. γεωργία the tillage of land for corn and the like, opp. γ. πεφυτευμένη (the tillage of it for vines, olives, etc.), Arist.Pol. 1258b18, Thphr.CP3.20.1; soγῆ ψ. Eup. 230
, D.20.115, Tab.Heracl.1.175, 2.33;ἐλαῖαι, ὧν νῦν τὰ πολλὰ ἐκκέκοπται καὶ ἡ γῆ ψ. γεγένηται Lys.7.7
.II of animals, stripped of hair or feathers, smooth (cf.λεῖος 1.3
),δέρμα.. ἐλάφοιο Od.13.437
;σάρξ Hp.
Aër.19; ἡμίκραιραν ψ. ἔχων with half the head shaved, Ar. Th. 227; ψ. γνάθοι ib. 583;τὴν ὀσφὺν κομιδῇ ψ. Pherecr.23.4
(anap.); used of dogs with a short, smooth coat of hair, X.Cyn.3.2;τὴν δίποδα ἀγέλην τῷ ψ. καὶ τῷ πτεροφυεῖ τέμνειν Pl.Plt. 266e
;ἄνθρωπος -ότατον κατὰ τὸ σῶμα τῶν ζῴων πάντων ἐστί Arist.GA 745b16
; so ἶβις ψ. τὴν κεφαλήν without feathers, bald on the head, Hdt.2.76; hairless, of the foetus of a hare, Id.3.108; ψ. τὰ περὶ τὴν κεφαλήν, of the ostrich, Arist.PA 697b18.b ψιλαὶ Περσικαί Persian carpets, Callix.2; such a carpet is called ψιλή alone, PSI7.858.2 (iii B. C., pl.), LXXJo.7.21; ψιλὴ πολύμιτος, Babylonicum, Gloss.; ψιλή = aulaeum, tapeta, ibid.; cf. ψιλόταπις.2 generally, bare, uncovered, ψ. ὡς ὁρᾷ νέκυν, i. e. without any earth over it, S.Ant. 426; of a horse which has thrown its rider, AP13.18 ([place name] Parmeno).b c. gen., bare of, separated from, ψ. σώματος οὖσα [ἡ ψυχή] Pl.Lg. 899a;τέχναι ψ. τῶν πράξεων Id.Plt. 258d
;ψ. ὅπλων Id.Lg. 834c
;ἱππέων X.Cyr.5.3.57
;θηρία μεμονωμένα καὶ ψ. τῶν Ἰνδῶν Plb.11.1.12
.c stripped of appendages, naked, ψ. [τρόπις] the bare keel with the planks torn from it, Od.12.421; ψ. μάχαιραι swords alone, without other arms, etc., X.Cyr.4.5.58; θάλαττα ψ. blank sea, Aristid.Or.25(43).50.III freq. in Prose, as a military term, of soldiers without heavy armour, light troops, such as archers and slingers, opp. ὁπλῖται, first in Hdt.7.158, al., freq. in Th., e. g.ὁπλίζει τὸν δῆμον, πρότερον ψ. ὄντα 3.27
, cf. Arr.Tact.3.3;ὁ ψ. ὅμιλος Th.4.125
; so ψιλοί or τὸ ψιλόν, opp. τὸ ὁπλιτικόν, X.HG4.2.17, Arist.Pol. 1321a7; ψιλός, opp. ὡπλισμένος, S.Aj. 1123: coupled with ἄσκευος, Id.OC 1029;ψιλὸς στρατεύσομαι Ar.Th. 232
;ψ. δύναμις Arist.Pol. 1321a13
; αἱ κοῦφαι καὶ αἱ ψ. ἐργασίαι work that belongs to unarmed soldiers, ib. 1321a25;ψ. χερσὶν πρὸς καθωπλισμένους Ael.VH6.2
: but ψ. ἔχων τὴν κεφαλήν bare-headed, without helmet, X.An.1.8.6; ψ. ἵππος a horse without housings, Id.Eq.7.5: unarmed, defenceless, S.Ph. 953.IV λόγος ψ. bare language, i. e. prose, opp. to poetry which is clothed in the garb of metre, Pl.Mx. 239c, Phld.Mus.p.97K.; more freq. in pl.,ψ. λόγοι Pl.Lg. 669d
; opp. τὰ μέτρα, Arist.Rh. 1404b14,33: but in D.27.54 ψ. λόγος is a mere speech, a speech unsupported by evidence; and in Pl.Tht. 165a ψιλοὶ λόγοι are mere forms of argumentation, dialectical abstractions (so ψιλῶς λέγειν speak nakedly, without alleging proofs, Id.Phdr. 262c, cf. Lg. 811e);τὰς πράξεις αὐτὰς ψιλὰς φράζοντες Arist.Rh.Al. 1438b27
.2 ποίησις ψ. mere poetry, without music, i. e. Epic poetry, opp. Lyric ([etym.] ἡ ἐν ᾠδῇ), Pl.Phdr. 278c; soἄνευ ὀργάνων ψ. λόγοι Id.Smp. 215c
, cf. Arist.Po. 1447a29; ψ. τῷ στόματι, opp. μετ' ὀργάνων, as a kind of μουσική, Pl.Plt. 268b;λύρας φθόγγοι.. ψιλοὶ καὶ ἀμεικτότεροι τῇ φωνῇ Arist.Pr. 922a16
; ἡ ψ. φωνή the ordinary sound of the voice, opp. singing ([etym.] ἡ ᾠδική), D.H. Comp.11.3 ψ. μουσική instrumental music unaccompanied by the voice, opp. ἡ μετὰ μελῳδίας, Arist.Pol. 1339b20; ψιλῷ μέλει διαγωνίζεσθαι πρὸς ᾠδὴν καὶ κιθάραν, of Marsyas, Plu.2.713d, cf. Phld.Mus. p.100K.; soψ. κιθάρισις καὶ αὔλησις Pl.Lg. 669e
; ψιλὸς αὐλητής one who plays unaccompanied on the flute (cf. ψιλοκιθαριστής), Phryn. 145.V mere, simple (cf. supr. IV. 1), ἀριθμητικὴ ψιλή, opp. geometry and the like , Pl.Plt. 299e; ὕδωρ ψ., opp. σὺν οἴνῳ, Hp.Int.35; ψ. ἀναίρεσις mere removal, Phld.Sign.12; ψ. ἄνδρες, i. e. men without women, Antip.Stoic.3.254:—Oedipus calls Antigone his ψιλὸν ὄμμα, as being the one poor eye left him, S.OC 866. Adv. merely, only,Plu.
Per.15; ἕνεκα τοῦ ψ. εἰπεῖν for the purpose of merely saying, Sch. Il.Oxy.1086.65; ψ. ὀνομάζειν call by the bare name (without epithet), Phld.Vit.p.39J.VI Gramm. of vowels,ψ. ἦχος
without the spiritus asper,Demetr.
Eloc.73;ψ. πνεῦμα A.D.Adv.148.9
, D.T.Supp. 674.15;ψιλῶς λέγεσθαι A.D.Pron.57.3
.b of the letters ε and υ written simply, not as αι and οι, which represented the sounds in late Gr.,μαθόντες τὰ διὰ τοῦ διφθόγγου ᾱῑ τυχὸν ἅπαντα, ἐδιδάχθημεν τὰ ἄλλα πάντα ψιλὰ γράφεσθαι Hdn.Epim. 162
, cf. An.Ox.1.124: hence ἐψιλόν as name of the letter ε and ὐψιλόν as name of υ, which are first found in Anon. post Et.Gud.679.6, 678.55, and Chrysoloras: ἐ ψιλόν is f. l. in D.T.631.5: but inπᾶσα λέξις ἀπὸ τῆς κ ¯ ε ¯ συλλαβῆς ἀρχομένη διὰ τοῦ ε ¯ ψιλοῦ γράφεται.. πλὴν τοῦ καί, κτλ. Hdn.Epim.62
, ε ¯ ψ. is not yet merely the name of the letter: for ὐψιλόν v. sub ὖ, cf. Sch. Heph.p.93C.2 of mute consonants, the litterae tenues, π κ τ, opp. φ χ θ, o(/sai gi/gnontai xwris th=s tou= pneu/matos e)kbolh=s Arist. Aud. 804b10, cf. D.H.Comp.14, D.T.631.21; ψιλῶς καλεῖν pronounce with a littera tenuis for an aspirate, e. g., ῥάπυς for ῥάφυς, ἀσπάραγος for ἀσφάραγος, Ath.9.369b, cf. Eust.81.5, Tz.H.11.58. -
46 ἀμπέχω
ἀμπ-έχω (dissimil. fr. ἀμφέχω), Semon. 12 (dub.), A.Pers. 848, S. (v. infr.), later [full] ἀμφέχω AP7.693 (Apollonid.), IG12(3).220 ([place name] Thera), Aret.CA1.4, etc.; [voice] Med.,Aἀμφέχετο A.R.1.324
; also [full] ἀμπ-ίσχω E. Hipp. 192, Supp. 165: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.ἄμπεχον Od.6.225
(lateἄμφεχον Q.S. 3.6
, 5.106): [tense] fut. : [tense] aor. 2 , etc.:—[voice] Med.,ἀμπέχομαι Ar.
(v. infr.11.2);ἀμπίσχομαι E.Hel. 422
, [ per.] 3pl.ἀμπισχνοῦνται Ar.Av. 1090
: [tense] impf.ἠμπειχόμην Pl.Phd. 87b
, [dialect] Ep.ἀμφεχόμην A.R.1.324
: [tense] fut.ἀμφέξομαι Pherecr.7
D., Philetaer.19: [tense] aor. 2ἠμπεσχόμην E.Med. 1159
, Ar.Th. 165, [ per.] 2sg. subj. , part.ἀμπισχόμενος Ar.V. 1150
.—The [tense] aor. forms, ἀμπισχεῖν, ἀμπισχών, are sts. falsely written (as if [tense] pres.) ἀμπίσχειν, ἀμπίσχων:I surround, cover, enclose,ἅλμη οἱ νῶτα ἄμπεχεν Od.6.225
; , cf. A.l.c.: metaph., ἀ. τινὰ σμικρότητι invest one with.., Pl.Prt. 320e: abs., σκότος ἀμπίσχων surrounding darkness, E.Hipp. 192; κρυπτὸν ἀμπισχὼν δόρυ, of the wooden horse, Id.Tr.12;τὰ ἀμπέχοντα ὑμένια Aret.SA 2.2
.II put round, esp. put clothes and the like on another, c. dupl. acc.,κρίβανόν μ' ἀμπίσχετε Ar.V. 1153
, cf. Ra. 1063, Lys. 1156: with prep., τοίχοισιν δ' ἔπι ἤμπισχεν.. ὑφάσματα put them all over.., E. Ion 1159: metaph.,ἡ βασιλικὴ τέχνη δούλους καὶ ἐλευθέρους ἀμπίσχουσα Pl.Plt. 311c
.2 [voice] Med., put round oneself, put on, ; wear, ; λευκὸν ἀμπέχει;; do you wear a white cloak? Id.Ach. 1023;χλαίνας οὐκ ἀμπις χνοῦνται Id.Av. 1090
; καλῶς ἠμπίσχετο was well dressed, Id.Th. 165;ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ ἀ. Id.Av. 1567
; ἀμπεχόμενοι with their cloaks on, opp. γυμνοί (cf.γυμνός 1.5
), Pl.Grg. 523c, Arist.Pr. 867a19; ἄνω τοῦ γόνατος ἀ. wear a tunic not reaching to the knee, Philetaer.l.c.; περιττῶς ἀ. to be gorgeously dressed, Plu.Demetr.41: c. dat., clothe or cover one-self with (v. ἔκβολος), E.Hel. 422. -
47 ἀπολείπω
A leave over or behind,οὐδ' ἀπέλειπεν ἔγκατα Od.9.292
, cf. Heraclit.56, etc.; D.; bequeath, Test. Epict.2.3, cf. Mosch.3.97; ἀ. κληρονόμον leave as one's heir, POxy. 105.3 (ii A.D.); bequeath to posterity, of writings, D.L.8.58, cf. 7.54.2 leave hold of, lose,ψυχάν Pi.P.3.101
(tm.);βίον S.Ph.
(lyr., tm.); (lyr.): conversely, (lyr.). 3. leave behind in the race, distance: generally, surpass, X.Cyr.8.3.25, Lys.2.4;τινὰ περί τι Isoc.4.50
:—more freq. in [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., v. infr. 4. leave undisputed: hence, admit, Chrysipp.Stoic.3.173, Phld.Piet.17, S.E.M.7.55, D.L.7.54;αἰτίαν νόσων ἀ. τὸ αἷμα MenoIatr.11.43
; [ὁ Διοκλῆς] τὴν φρόνησιν περὶ τὴν καρδίαν ἀ. Herod.
[voice] Med. in Rh.Mus.49.540.5. leave, allow,ὑπερβολὴν οὐδὲ ταῖς ἑταίραις Jul.Or.7.210d
.II desert, abandon, one's post, etc., οὐδ' ἀπολείπουσιν κοῖλον δόμον, of bees, Il.12.169, cf. Hdt.8.41, al.; ἀ. (sc. τὴν πολιορκίην) Id.7.170; τὴν ξυμμαχίαν, τὴν ξυνωμοσίαν, Th.3.9,64; of persons, ; ξεῖνον πατρώϊον ἀ. leave him in the lurch, Thgn.521;ἀπολιπὼν οἴχεται Hdt.3.48
, cf. 5.103, Ar.Ra. 83; of a wife, desert her husband, And.4.14, D.30.4 (not of the husband, Luc.Sol.9); of sailors, desert,τὴν ναῦν D.50.14.2
. c. inf., ἀ. τούτους κακῶς γηράσκειν leave them to grow old, X.Oec. 1.22.3. leave undone or unsaid,ὅσα ἀπέλιπε κτείνων τε καὶ διώκων.. σφέα ἀπετέλεσε Hdt.5.92
.ή; ὕβρεως οὐδ' ὁτιοῦν ἀ. D.54.4
, cf. Pl.R. 420a; omit, συχνὰ ἀπολείπω ib. 509c.III leave open, leave a space,ἀ. μεταίχμιον οὐ μέγα Hdt.6.77
;ἀ. ὡς πλέθρον X.An. 6.5.11
; μικρὸν ἀ. leaving a small interval, Hero Aut.27.1.IV intr., cease, fail, ; opp. γίνεται, Diog.Apoll.7; of rivers, fall, sink, Hdt.2.14,93;ἀ. τὸ ῥέεθρον Id.2.19
;τῆς θαλάττης τὰ μὲν ἀπολειπούσης, τὰ δ' ἐπιούσης Arist.Mete. 353a22
; of swallows,δι' ἔτεος ἐόντες οὐκ ἀπολείπουσι Hdt.2.22
; of youth, begin to decay, X.Smp.8.14; fail, flag, lose heart, Id.Cyr.4.2.3; of the moon, wane, Arist.APo.0.98a33.2 c. gen., to be wanting of or in a thing,προθυμίας οὐδὲν ἀ. Th.8.22
, cf. Pl.R. 533a: freq. of numbers,μηδὲν ἀ. τῶν πέντε κτλ. Id.Lg. 828b
;τῶν εἴκοσιν ὀλίγον ἀ. Arist.HA 573b16
, etc.; ἀπὸ τεσσέρων πηχέων ἀ. τρεῖς δακτύλους wanting three fingers of four cubits, Hdt.1.60, cf. 7.117; : c. inf., ὀλίγον ἀπέλιπον ἐς Ἀθήνας ἀπικέσθαι wanted but little of coming, Hdt.7.9.ά; βραχὺ ἀ. διακόσιαι γενέσθαι Th.7.70
; ;ἡ πόλις μικρὸν ἀπέλιπεν ἔρημος εἶναι Plu. Tim.
I.3 c. part., leave off doing,ἀ. λέγων X.Oec.6.1
: abs., ὅθεν ἀπέλιπες from the point at which.., Pl.Grg. 497c, cf. Phd. 78b, Is.5.12.B [voice] Med. ([tense] aor. ἀπελιπόμην in A.R.1.399 (tm.)), like [voice] Act.1.1, bequeath to posterity, Hdt.2.134 codd.; cf. ἀπολείψεται· ἐάσεται, Hsch.C [voice] Pass., to be left behind, stay behind, Th.7.75 (v. l. for ὑπο-) X. Cyr.1.4.20; ; to be unable to follow an argument, be at a loss, Pl.Tht. 192d.2 to be distanced by, inferior to,ἀ. [ἀπὸ] τῶν ἄλλων θηρίων Diocl.Fr.145
; to be inferior,ἔν τισι Isoc.12.61
.II to be absent or distant from, c. gen.,πολὺ τῆς ἀληθηΐης ἀπολελειμμένοι Hdt.2.106
, cf. Pl.R. 475d; (lyr.): c. gen. pers., X.Mem.4.2.40, Pl.Smp. 192d: abs., E.Or. 80, Pl.Phdr. 240c; to be deprived of,τοῦ σοῦ.. μὴ ἀπολείπεσθαι τάφου S.El. 1169
;πατρῴας μὴ ἀ. χθονός E.Med.35
;τῶν πρὶν ἀπολειφθεὶς φρενῶν Id.Or. 216
.2 to be wanting in, fall short of,ὅτι τοῦ σκώπτειν ἀπελείφθη Ar.Eq. 525
; τοῖς ἀπολειφθεῖσι (sc.τῆς παιδείας D.18.128
, cf. Isoc.12.209; ἀπολειφθεὶς ἠμῶν without our cognizance, D.19.36; to be left in ignorance of..,Id.
27.2; καιροῦ ἀ. miss the opportunity, Id.34.38, cf. Isoc.3.19; θεάματος, ἑορτῆς ἀ., Luc.DMar.15.1, Sacr.1;εἰσβολῆς Isoc.14.31
.3 remain to be done, Plb.3.39.12: impers., ἀπολείπεται λέγειν, διδάσκειν, D.L.7.85, S.E.M.7.1.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀπολείπω
-
48 ἄντην
A against, over against, οὔ μιν ἔγωγε φεύξομαι.. ἀλλὰ μάλ' ἄ. στήσομαι I will confront him, Il.18.307, cf. 11.590; ὁμοιωθήμεναι ἄ. match himself openly against me, 1.187, Od.3.120; soπειρηθήμεναι ἄ. 8.213
; more rarely with Verbs of motion, μηδ' ἔα ἄ. ἔρχεσθαι straightforwards, opp. πάλιν τρέπε, 11.8.399; alsoἄ. βαλλομένων
in front,12.152
; οὐδέ τις ἔτλη ἄ. εἰσιδέειν look him in the face, 19.15, cf.24.223; ἄ. λοέσσομαι will bathe before all, openly, Od.6.221, cf.8.158; ἀγαπαζέμεν ἄ. greet in the face of all, Il.24.464;νείκεσέτ' ἄ. 10.158
; ὅς μ, ei)/reai a)/. 15.247:- -θεῷ ἐναλίγκιος ἄ. like a god in presence, Od.2.5,4.310;χελιδόνι εἰκέλη ἄ. 22.240
; cf. ἄντα.II as Prep. c. gen., only in late [dialect] Ep., as Nic.Th. 474, Opp.C.3.210. -
49 ἐφιστάνω
II stop, check, v.l. in Dsc.4.16.2 attend to a thing, c. dat., Plb.5.35.6; consider carefully, πῶς .. Id.11.2.5; εἰ.., ὅτι .., Arr.Epict.1.26.16, 2.18.31; note, of a commentator, Ammon. in APr.68.10.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐφιστάνω
-
50 ὁράω
ὁράω, [var] contr. [full] ὁρῶ even in Il.3.234, [dialect] Ep. [full] ὁρόω 5.244, etc.; [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὄρημι (q. v.); [dialect] Ion. [full] ὁρέω Hdt.1.80, etc., [ per.] 2sg.Aὁρῇς Herod.2.67
, al., [ per.] 3sg.ὁρῇ Hp.Carn.17
, Vid.Ac.I; inf.ὁρῆν Democr.11
, Hp.Carn.2 (but [ per.] 2sg.ὁρᾷς Archil.87
, [ per.] 3sg.ὁρᾷ Semon.7.80
, cf.κατορᾷ Hdt.2.38
; [ per.] 1pl.ὁρῶμεν Id.5.40
; [ per.] 3pl. ὁρῶσι ([etym.] ἐπ-) Id.1.124; inf. ὁρᾶν ib.33, 2.64): the forms ὁρῇς, ὁρῇ, ὁρῆν (exc. when found in [dialect] Dor., as IG42(1).122.2, 15,47 (Epid., iv B. C.); [tense] impf. [ per.] 3sg. ἑώρη ib.28,70) seem to imply ὁρή-ω (cf. ὄρημι), but ὁρᾷ, ὁρῶμεν, ὁρῶσι, etc. imply ὁρᾰ-ω: [dialect] Att. [tense] impf.ἑώρων Th.1.51
, Ar.Pl. 713, Nu. 354, ([etym.] ἐ-) SIG344.110 (Teos, iv B. C.); [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3sg.ὥρα Hdt.1.11
, 3.72, [ per.] 1pl. ὡρῶμεν (v.l. ὁρῶμεν) Id.2.131,[ per.] 2pl.ὡρᾶτε Id.7.8
.β', [ per.] 3pl.ὥρων Id.4.3
, etc.; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.ὅρα Il.16.646
, cf. ὄρημι: [tense] pf. ἑόρᾱκα, a form required by the metre in many passages, as Ar.Th. 32, 33, Av. 1573, Pl.98, 1045, Eup.181.3, Alex.272.1, Men.Epit. 166, Pk. 270, Bato 5.11, etc., whereas the metre never requires ἑώρακα; whence ἑόρακα, -άκη ought always to be restored in early [dialect] Att. writers, though ἑώρακα was used in later Gr., PPetr.2p.55 (iii B. C.), SIG685.74 (ii B. C.), UPZ119.43 (ii B. C.), cf. Theognost.Can. 150 (ἑώρακε<ν> is prob. in Men.5 D.): ἑωρ- in the [tense] impf. prob. comes from ἠ- ϝορ- (with a long form of the augment, cf. ἠειδ- ([etym.] ᾐδ- ) in [tense] impf. of οἶδα, while ἑορ- in the [tense] pf. comes from ϝε-ϝορ-, v. infr.: [dialect] Ion. [tense] pf.ὁρώρηκα Herod.4.77
, al., also ὥρηκα ib.40 ; [dialect] Dor. [tense] pf. part.ὡρακυῖα IG42(1).122.6
(Epid., iv B. C.); [ per.] 1sg. ὥρακα Baillet Inscr. destombeaux des rois 1210: an [tense] aor. 1 ἐσορήσαις only f.l. in Orph.Fr.247.16:—[voice] Med. ὁράομαι, [var] contr. ὁρῶμαι even in Il.13.99 ; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 2sg.ὅρηαι Od.14.343
(v. ὄρημι): [tense] impf. ἑωρώμην, also ὡρώμην ([etym.] προ-) Act.Ap.2.25, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.ὁρᾶτο Il.1.56
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf.ἑώραμαι Isoc.15.110
, D.54.16 : [tense] aor. ἑωράθην only in late Prose, D.S.20.6 ; inf. , Pl.Def. 411b, Luc.Jud.Voc. 6, etc.: [tense] fut.ὁραθήσομαι Gal.UP10.12
: verb. Adj. ὁρᾱτός, ὁρᾱτέον (qq. v.).—Hom. uses [var] contr. forms, as ὁρῶ, ὁρᾷς, ὁρᾷ, ὅρα, ὁρᾶν, ὁρῶν, ὁρῶμαι, ὁρᾶται, ὁρᾶσθαι, ὁρώμενος, as well as lengthd. [dialect] Ep. ὁρόω, ὁράᾳς, ὁράασθαι, ὁρόων, [ per.] 2pl. opt.ὁρόῳτε Il.4.347
, etc. ; besides these forms from ὁρα- ([etym.] ὁρη- ) we haveII from root ὀπ- (v. ὄψ ) the only [tense] fut. in use, ὄψομαι, always in act. sense, Il.24.704, and [dialect] Att., [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 2sg.ὄψεαι 8.471
, Od.24.511: a rare [tense] aor. 1 ἐπ-όψατο in Pi.Fr.88.6 (for ἐπιώψατο, v. ἐπιόψομαι); subj.ὄψησθε Ev.Luc.13.28
(where the v.l. ὄψεσθε may be right): [tense] pf.ὄπωπα Il.6.124
, Od.21.94, Emp.109, Hdt. 3.37,63, Hp.Art.1, Carn.17; Trag. and Com., as A.Eu.57, S.Ant.6, al., Ar.Lys. 1157, 1225, never in [dialect] Att. Prose: [tense] plpf. [ per.] 3sg.ὀπώπει Od.21.123
,ὀπώπεε Hdt.5.92
.ζ';ὀπώπεσαν Id.7.125
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. 1 ὤφθην S.Ant. 709, E.Hec. 970, Th.4.73, etc. ; opt. ([dialect] Ion.)ὀφθείησαν Hdt.8.7
; part. ὀφθείς, inf. ὀφθῆναι, Id.1.9,10 (for ἐπι-οφθέντας, v. ἐπιόψομαι): [tense] fut. , E.HF 1155, And.2.10, Lys.3.34 : [tense] pf. ,ὦψαι D.18.263
, , D.24.66; cf. ὀπτέον.III from ϝιδ- are formed [tense] aor. [voice] Act. εἶδον, inf. ἰδεῖν : [tense] aor. [voice] Med. εἰδόμην, inf. ἰδέσθαι : [tense] pf. with [tense] pres. sense οἶδα I know, inf. εἰδέναι : verb. Adj. ἰστέος (for these tenses, v. Εἴδω). ( ὁρ- prob. from ϝορ-, as indicated by the [tense] impf. and [tense] pf. forms ; cf. βῶροι (i.e. ϝῶροι), Engl. (a)ware.)0-0Senses:I abs., see, look, freq. in Hom.; εἴς τι or εἴς τινα to or at a thing or person, Il.24.633, Od.20.373, al., E.Fr. 607 ;εἰς τὸν πράττοντα Arist.Po. 1460a14
:—[voice] Med., Od.5.439, Hes.Op. 534, Fr. 188 ; but ἔς τινα ὁρᾶν to be of so-and-so's party, Philostr.VS1.18 ; εἰς τὴν Ἀττάλου καθαίρεσιν εἶδεν aimed at.., Zos.6.12 ; forκατ' αὐτοὺς αἰὲν ὅρα Il.16.646
,Τροίην κατὰ πᾶσαν ὁρᾶται 24.291
, cf.καθοράω 11
; ὁρόων ἐπ' ἀπείρονα πόντον looking over the sea, 1.350 ; ὁρᾶν πρός τι look towards,ἀκρωτήριον τὸ πρὸς Μέγαρα ὁρῶν Th.2.93
, cf. AP7.496 (Simon., cj.) ; πρὸς πλοῦν ὁρᾷ looks to sail (i.e. is ready), E.IA[1624];ὁ. ἐπὶ τὴν προδοσίαν D.S.36.3
;πρὸς σπονδάς Id.33.1
.2 have sight, opp. μὴ ὁρᾶν, to be blind, S.Aj.84 ; ὅσ' ἂν λέγωμεν, πάνθ' ὁρῶντα λέξομεν [though I am blind,] my words shall have eyes, i.e. shall be to the purpose, Id.OC74 ; ἐν σκότῳ.. οὓς μὲν οὐκ ἔδει ὀψοίαθ', i.e. should be blind, Id.OT 1274; ἀμβλύτερον ὁ., opp. ὀξύτερον βλέπειν, Pl.R. 596a ; ἐπὶ σμικρὸν ὁ. to be short-sighted, Id.Tht. 174e;ὁ. βραχύ τι Id.R. 488b
.3 see to, look to, i.e. take or give heed, Il.10.239 ; ὁ. εἰς γλῶσσαν.. ἀνδρός look to, pay heed to, Sol.11.7, cf. A.Supp. 104 (lyr.): freq. in imper., like βλέπε, folld. by a dependent clause,ὅρα ὅπως.. Ar.Ec. 300
, cf.Th.5.27; ὅρα εἰ.. see whether.., A.Pr. 997, Pl.Phd. 118, etc.; alsoὅρα μὴ.. S.Ph. 30
, 519, etc.; ὅρα τί ποιεῖς ib. 589 ;πῶς.. ὑπερδικεῖς, ὅρα A.Eu. 652
.4 ὁρᾷς; ὁρᾶτε; see'st thou? d'ye see? parenthetically, esp. in explanations, Ar.Nu. 355, Th. 490, etc.; , Tr. 365 ; also ὁρᾷς; at the beginning of a sentence, Id.El. 628, E.Andr.87 ; ἀλλ'—ὁρᾷς; but, do you see.. ?, Pl.Prt. 336b;ὁρᾷς οὖν.. ὅτι Id.Grg. 475e
; οὐχ ὁρᾷς; ironically, D.18.232.5 c. acc. cogn., like βλέπω 11, look so and so,δεινὸν ὁρῶν ὄσσοισι Hes.Sc. 426
;ὁρᾶν ἀλκάν Pi.O.9.111
;ἔαρ ὁρόωσα Νύχεια Theoc.13.45
; also ἡδέως ὁρᾶν look pleasant, E.IA 1122: c. acc.,κακῶς ὁρᾶν τινα Philostr.VA7.42
.II trans., see an object, behold, perceive, observe, c. acc., freq. in Hom., etc.: [tense] pf. ὄπωπα exclusively in this sense, Il.2.799, Od.21.94, etc. ; ὀφθαλμοῖσιν or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶν to see with or before the eyes, Il.24.392, Od.8.459, etc. ; αἰεὶ τέρμ' ὁρόων always keeping it in sight, keeping his eye on it, Il.23.323 ; φίλως χ' ὁρόῳτε καὶ εἰ δέκα πύργοι Ἀχαιῶν.. μαχοίατο, i.e. δέκα πύργους, εἰ μαχοίατο, 4.347 ; ὁ. τινά look to (for aid), D.45.64 : in signfs. 1 and 11 combined, οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὁρῶν τάδε; A.Ag. 1623, cf. D.25.89.b ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος ἠελίοιο, poet. for ζῆν, like βλέπειν, Il.18.61, Od.4.833, etc.; so , E.Or. 1523, Alc. 691:— in [voice] Med.,φέγγος ὁρᾶσθαι Id.Andr. 113
(eleg.); so ὁρᾶν alone,τὰ γὰρ φθιτῶν τοῖς ὁρῶσι κόσμος Id.Supp.78
(lyr.).c folld. by a clause, οὐχ ὁράᾳς οἷος.. ; Il.21.108 ; ὁρᾷς ἡμᾶς, ὅσοι ἐσμέν; Pl.R. 327c ; οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὅτι ἥμαρτες; A.Pr. 261, cf. 325, 951 ; Διὸς.. οὐχ ὁρῶ μῆτιν ὅπᾳ φύγοιμ' ἄν ib. 906 (lyr.); ἴδεσθέ μ' οἷα.. πάσχω ib.92.d c. part., καπνὸν.. ὁρῶμεν ἀπὸ χθονὸς ἀΐσσοντα we see it rising, Od.10.99; ὁρῶν ἐμαυτὸν ὧδε προυσελούμενον seeing myself thus insulted, A.Pr. 438, cf. 70, 384, al.; ὁρῶ σε κρύπτοντα.. see you hiding.., E.Hec. 342 ; so ὁρῶ μ' ἔργον ἐξειργασμένην I see that I have done, S.Tr. 706 ; cf. infr. 4b ; rarely in reference to the subject, ὁρῶ μὲν ἐξαμαρτάνων (= ὅτι ἐξαμαρτάνω) E.Med. 350:—so in [voice] Med.,ἄνδρα διωκόμενον.. ὁρῶμαι Il.22.169
, cf. A.Pr. 896 (lyr.): also c. inf.,ἑώρων οὐκέτι οἷόν τε εἶναι.. Th.8.60
.e rarely c. gen., οὐδεὶς Σωκράτους οὐδὲν ἀσεβὲς.. οὔτε πράττοντος εἶδεν οὔτε λέγοντος ἤκουσεν (where the Constr. is suggested by the use of ἤκουσεν) X.Mem.1.1.11 ;μέχρι βορῆος ἀπαστράψαντος ἴδηαι Arat. 430
.2 see to,ἴδε πῶμα Od.8.443
; look out for, provide, (anap.), Theoc.15.2 ;πρόβατον εἰς ὁλοκάρπωσιν LXX Ge.22.8
.3 the inf. is used after an Adj.,δεινὸς ἰδεῖν Sol.13.6
;εὐφεγγὴς ἰδεῖν A. Pers. 387
, cf. 398, Ch. 174, 176, al. (cf.Εἴδω A.1.1
a) ; ἐχθίστου.. ὁρᾶν most hateful to behold, S.Aj. 818 ;ὦ πάτερ δύσμοιρ' ὁρᾶν Id.OC 327
;ὁρᾶν στυγνὸς ἦν X.An.2.6.9
:—[voice] Med. or [voice] Pass.,αἰσχρὸς ὁρᾶσθαι Id.Cyn. 3.3
: with an Adv.,μὴ διχορρόπως ἰδεῖν A.Ag. 349
: with a Subst.,ἄνδρα τευχηστὴν ἰδεῖν Id.Th. 644
: with a Verb,πρέπουσι.. ἰδεῖν Id.Supp. 720
, cf. S.OT 792.4 [voice] Med. is used by Poets like [voice] Act., Il.13.99, A.Pers. 179, Ch. 407 (lyr.), S.Ant. 594 (lyr.), Tr. 306, Cratin.138, etc., v. supr. 11.1 b, c: but in Prose [voice] Med. occurs only in compds., as προ-ορῶμαι: for the imper. ἰδοῦ, ἰδού, v. ἰδοῦ.b no [voice] Pass. is used by Hom.; in [dialect] Att. the [voice] Pass. has the sense to be seen, A.Pr. 998,Eu. 411, etc.: c. part., ὤφθημεν ὄντες ἄθλιοι was seen in my wretchedness, E. IT 933 ; he will prove to be..,Pl.
Phdr. 239c, cf. Smp. 178e; τὰ ὁρώμενα all that is seen, things visible, like τὰ ὁρατά, Id.Prm. 130a.III metaph., of mental sight, discern, perceive, S.El. 945, etc.; so blind Oedipus says, φωνῇ γὰρ ὁρῶ, τὸ φατιζόμενον I see by sound, as the saying is, Id.OC 138 (anap.);ἂν οἴνου.. ὀσμὴν ἴδωσιν Alex.222.4
; cf. supr. 1.4,δέρκομαι 1.2
.IV abs., see visions,ὁ ἀληθινῶς ὁρῶν LXX Nu.24.3
,15 :—[voice] Pass., appear in a vision, ὤφθη ἄγγελος πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα ib.Jd.13.3.V interview, ἐμνήσθης μοι ἰδεῖν τὸν κεραμέα περὶ τῶν κεραμίων you told me to see the potter about the jars, PCair.Zen. 264 (iii B.C.). -
51 βυθός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `depth (of the sea)' (A.).Compounds: ἄβυσσος `bottomless' (Hdt.), subst. f. `abyss, underworld' (= Hebr. tǝhōm, LXX, NT, Pap.; cf. Schwyzer RhM 81, 203); βυσσοδομεύω `build in the deep \> brood over (in the deep of one's soul), ponder deeply' (Od.), m.c. for βυσσοδομέω (Eust., Suid.) like οἰκοδομέω etc., s. K. Meister, Hom. Kunstspr. 31, Chantr., Gramm. hom. 1, 368.Derivatives: βύθιος `of the depth' (late), fem. βυθῖτις ( ψάμμος AP; s. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 23). Denom. βυθίζω `sink' (S.). Ptc. βυθόωσα ( ῥίζα) `going in the deep' (Nic. Th. 505). - Further βυσσός m. `depth of the sea' (Il.), βυσσόθεν (S.). -- Also βύσσα (Opp.; after βῆσσα? so prob. secondary); further βύσσαλοι βόθροι, βυσσαλεύοντι τῳ̃ βυθῳ̃ ἐφικνουμένῳ H.; also βυθμός ἄντρον, πυθμήν, καὶ βυθμήν (perh. corrupt).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: A basis *βυθι̯ός or *βυθσός for βυσσός does not inspire confidence. Connecting βαθύς (and βῆσσα) one posited a labio-velar, but then the connection of βαθύς with βενθος must be abandoned, for which there is no reason. Also assuming a labio-velar would mean that the β- could not be regular (one expects γυ-): it would have to be introduced from βῆσσα, which a guess. Connecting γυθίσσων διορύσσων H. would give the same problem; the form can better be left aside. - The old attempts to connect βαθύς and βῆσσα (with α against υ) are most improbable and should now be abandoned. βυθός - βυσσός shows a typical variation of Pre-Greek words; see Fur.248-263, e.g. ἄνηθον\/ ἄνησον. The conclusion is confirmed by βυσσαλ- with a typical Pre-Greek suffix, cf. κόρυδος beside κορύδαλος\/ κορυδαλλός (Fur. 254) and perhaps ἄμυσσος κῆτος, and also ἀβυδόν βαθύ.Page in Frisk: 1,275-276Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βυθός
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52 δοκός
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `bearing-beam' (Il.).Other forms: late also m.Derivatives: δοκίς (Hp.), δοκίον (Arist., Delos IVa), δοκίδιον (Harp.). - δοκίας (Phlp.), δοκεύς (Heph. Astr.) name of a comete (like δοκός, δοκίς; Scherer Gestirnnamen 107). - δοκώδης `like a beam' (gloss.). - δοκόομαι `be fitted with beams' (Pap., S. E.) with δόκωσις (LXX). - From δοκός also δόκανα n. pl. name of two upricht beams constructed with a cross-beam (Plu.), δοκάναι αἱ στάλικες, αἷς ἵσταται τὰ λίνα, η κάλαμοι H., i. e. `beams for hunting-nets'; cf. names in - ανον, - άνη in Schwyzer 489f., Chantr. Form. 198f.Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: To δέκομαι as agent noun, so "who\/which takes over (the covering)". Benveniste, Rev. de phil. 58, 127, thinks that δοκός, δόκανα are Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,406Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δοκός
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53 ἔνιοι
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `some, a few',Derivatives: ἐνίοτε `sometimes', ἐνιαχῆ, - οῦ `in some places, sometimes', orig. Ion. words (only in prose), that were taken up in Attic; late Dorianising reshaping ἐνίοκα (Archyt.), also ἐνιάκις `sometimes' (Sor.; after πολλάκις a. o.).Etymology: Uncertain. The explanation by Ebel KZ 5, 70f. (taken over by Schwyzer 614 n. 4) from ἔνι οἵ, ἔνι ὅτε = ἔστιν οἵ, ἔσθ' ὅτε must be given up, as ἔνι as `is, are' is certain only since V-VIp (s. ἔν). Best seems the idea of Benfey, futher argumented by Wackernagel Hellenistica 6 n. 1 (= Kl. Schr. 2, 1037 n. 1) as ἕν `one' (like einige to eins); the psilosis would be Ion. For the ending cf. μύριοι, χίλιοι; ἐνίοτε, ἐνιαχῆ, - οῦ like ὅτε, πότε, πολλαχῆ, - οῦ etc. - Improbable Brugmann IF 28, 355ff. (to the demonstr. *ἐνος in ἔνη `the third day', ἐκεῖνος etc.Page in Frisk: 1,518-519Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔνιοι
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54 πέλαγος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `offing, high sea, sea surface, sea' (Il.); on the meaning etc. Lesky Herm. 78, 260ff.).Compounds: Rare late compp. like πελαγο-δρόμος `sailing on, flying over the sea' (Orph., PMag. Par.), εὑ-πελαγής `lying by a fair sea' (Orph.).Derivatives: πελάγ-ιος `belonging to the sea' (trag., Th., X., Arist.; after ἅλ-ιος, θαλάσσ-ιος), - ικός `id.' (Plu.), - ῖτις f. `id.' (AP); - αῖος surn. of Poseidon (Paus.; after Άγοραῖος etc.). Verbs: πελαγ-ίζω, also with ἐν-, `to form a sea, to be flooded, to be out in the open sea, to sail on the sea' (Hdt., X., Str.) with - ισμοί pl. `experiences at sea' v.t. (Alciphr.); - όομαι `to form a sea, to overflow' (Ach. Tat.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Beside πέλαγος stand with final tenuis monosyll. and w. short vowel πλάξ, - ακός f. `plain, plain of the sea etc.' (s. v.); with voiced consonant πλάγ-ιος `athwart, transvers, sloping, crooked', s.v. w. further connections, a.o. Lat. plag-a `plain, region'. A full grade disyllabic form is further not attested, but may be found with diff. suffix in πέλανος (s. v.). (Not here the `zero grades' παλάμη, παλαστή (s. vv.). On the formation of πέλαγος cf. further τέναγος, σελαγέω (Schwyzer 496). S. also Πελασγοί. - Nothing confirms the connection of this word with * pelh₂- `spread out'; the words with πλαγ\/κ- cannot phonetically be connected. So the word seems rather Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,493Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέλαγος
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55 πέτομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to fly' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. πτάσθαι, πτέσθαι (all Il.); to this pres. πέταμαι (poet. since Sapph., Arist.) with aor. πετασθῆναι (Arist., LXX), ἴπταμαι (late; s. v.); aor. act. πτῆναι, ptc. πτάς etc. (poet. Hes., also hell. prose); fut. πτήσομαι (IA.), πετήσομαι (Ar.), perf. κατ-έπτηκα (Men.).Compounds: Very often w. prefix, e.g. ἀνα-, ἀπο-, δια-, εἰσ-, ἐκ-, κατα-, ὑπερ-. Compounds: a. - πέτης, Dor. - πέτας m.., e.g. ὑψι-πέτης, - ας m. `flying high' (Hom., Pi.), enlarged - ήεις (Hom.); b. - πετής, e.g. ὑπερπετ-ής `flying over' (hell.); c. ἐκπετ-ήσιμος `ready to fly' (Ar. a.o.; hypothesis on the formation in Arbenz 60); d. ἀερσι-πότης and - πότη-τος `flying high' (Hes., AP, Norm.); in spite of Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 95 rather to ποτάομαι as from ποτή.Derivatives: 1. ποτή f. `flying, flight' (ε 337, h. Merc. 544 [v. l. πτερύγεσσι]); 2. πτῆσις f. `id.' (A., Arist.) with πτήσιμος (Jul.; Arbenz 61); πτῆμα n. `id.' (Suid.). 3. Adj. w. νο-suffix: a. πτηνός, Dor. πτᾱνός `winged, fledged' (Pi., trag., Pl.); b. πετεινός, - ηνός `id.' (Thgn.; Πετήνη Att. shipsname [inscr.]), hardly from *πέτος (cf. Chantraine Form. 196, Benveniste Origines 14), but rather direct from πέτομαι after φαεινός, ὀρεινός a.o.; πετηνός after πτηνός?; c. πετε-ηνός, - εινός `id.' (Il.), w. diektasis (Risch $ 35 d); d. ποτᾱνός `id.' (Pi., Epich., trag. in lyr.; - ηνός ep. poetry in Pl. Phdr. 252 b), prob. rather after ποτάομαι as with Detschew KZ 63, 228 from the rare ποτή. -- 4. Deverbat.: ποτάομαι, - έομαι, also w. ἀμφι-, περι-, ἐκ- a.o., `to fly, to flap' (Il.); πωτάομαι, also w. ἐκ-, ἐπι-, ὑπερ-, `id.' (Μ 287, h. Ap. 442 a.o.; cf. Schwyzer 719 n. 3); to this πωτήεις `flapping' (Nonn.), also πωτήματα pl. `flight' (A. Eu. 250; usu. with Dindorf corrected in ποτ-). -- On πτερόν, πτέρυξ s. vv.Etymology: Beside the thematic πέτ-ο-μαι, πτ-έ-σθαι stands the athematic zero grade root-aorist πτά-σθαι, ἔ-πτα-το, πτά-μενος wie φθά-μενος ( φθί-μενος, φθί-σθαι, ἔ-φθι-το). The corresponding full grade in πτῆ-ναι, ἔ-πτᾱ-ν, πτή-σομαι can be old (s. however below). More doubtful is the originality of the disyll. πέτα-μαι, as analogy to πτά-σθαι after πτέ-σθαι: πέτο-μαι may be considered. Certain innovations are ἴπταμαι (after ἵσταμαι) and πετή-σομαι (after πέτομαι). Details w. lit. in Schwyzer 742 a. 681 w. n. 9. -- With πέτομαι agree formally, partly also semantically, Skt., OIr., Lat. a. Celt. forms, e.g. Skt. pátati, Av. pataiti `fly, fall, attack, hurry etc.', Lat. petō `move somewhere, hurry, look for, desire', OWelsh hedant `volant'; doubtful on the contrary the in any case diff. built Hitt. piddāi- (pittii̯ami, pittāizzi usw.) `run, hurry, flee'. Thus ποτέομαι and Skt. patáyati `fly, hurry' agree; however πωτάομαι is independent of Skt. pātáyati `let fall, throw down'. Further the Greek a. Skt. systems are apart. Beside the zero grade thematic Aorist πτ-έσθαι, ἐ-πτ-όμην stands in Skt. an also zero grade and thematic but reduplicated aor. a-pa-pt-at. The zero grade πτᾰ- in πτά-σθαι is found in forms like pa-pti-ma (pf. 1. pl.) (IE pth₂-); the corresponding full grade ptā- is however not represented in Skt. (so πτῆ-ναι analogical after φθῆ-ναι, στῆ-ναι a.o.?, Schwyzer 742). Thus the disyll. πετᾰ- in πέτα-μαι and pati- (e.g. fut. pati-ṣyáti) go without historical connection side by side. -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP. 2, 19ff., Pok. 825f., W.-Hofmann s. petō. Cf. πίπτω, not πίτυλος.Page in Frisk: 2,521-522Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέτομαι
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56 πρόσωπον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `face, countenance, mask, role, person' (Il.).Other forms: ep. pl. also - πατα (cf. below).Compounds: Rarely as 1. member, e.g. προσωπο-λήπτης m. `who respects persons, who is partial' with - ληπτέω, - ληψία (NT). Very often as 2. member, mostly late., e.g. μικρο-πρόσωπος `small-faced' (Arist.).Derivatives: Dimin. προσωπ-ίδιον (Ar.), - εῖον (- ιον) n. `mask' (Thphr., LXX), the plantname - ιον, - ίς, - ιάς, - ῖτις (Dsc. a.o.; prob. after the form of the flower; Strömberg Pfl.namen 47), - οῦττα f. `face-shaped vessel', "face-urn" (Polem. Hist., Poll.).Etymology: Like μέτωπον `forehead' (s.v.) πρόσωπον is also prop. a hypostasis, i.e. from *προτι-ωπ-ον, prop. "what is opposite the eyes, the sight (of the partner)"; cf. Schwyzer-Debrunner 517 n. 1. Thus also e.g. Goth. and-augi n., also OE and-wlit-a m., OHG ant-lizz-i n. `face, Antlitz' (Goth. wlits `aspect, shape'). Slightly diff. Sommer Nominalkomp. 115 n.1 (with deviating interpretation of the prefix): `the part of the head, that lies over against the eyes, on the side of the eyes'. Through connection with ep. προτι-όσσομαι, προσ-όψομαι `look at', ὄπωπα etc. πρόσωπον could also be (re)interpreted as verbal noun (cf. Angesicht). -- With πρόσωπον agrees almost exactly Skt. prátīkam n. `face, appearance' from práti = πρότι and a zero grade form of the IE word for `see, look' (s. 2. ὄψ and ὄπωπα), * proti-h₃kʷ- (cf. on ὀπιπεύω); so πρόσωπον from an older formation elucidated after ( ἐν)ὦπα etc. (Schwyzer 426 n. 4)? Quite uncertain Toch. A pratsak, B pratsāko `breast' (A ak, B ek `eye'). On the IE expressions for `face' s. Malten Die Sprache des menschlichen Antlitzes im frühen Griechentum (Berlin 1961) 1ff. -- The ep. plural προσώπ-ατα, - ασι can easily be explained as an enlargement favoured by the metre (Schwyzer 515 n. 3); the assumption of an old n(t)-stem (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 213 as alternative) is improbable. -- Further details w. lit. in WP. 1, 170, also Mayrhofer s. prátīkam.Page in Frisk: 2,602-603Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πρόσωπον
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57 πταίω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to nudge, to crash into, to stumble, to err, to have bad luck' (IA.); rarely trans. `to knock over' (Pi. fr. 205, LXX).Other forms: Aor. πταῖσαι, fut. πταίσω, also perf. (Youngatt., hell.) ἔπταικα, pass. (late) πταισθῆναι, ἔπταισμαι.Compounds: Also with prefix, esp. προσ-.Derivatives: πταῖσμα ( πρόσ- πταίω) n. `push, fault, misfortune, defeat' (IA., Thgn.), πρόσπταισις f. `push, stumble, collision' (D. H.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Expressive word without clear etymology. A general similarity show παίω, ῥαίω, also - κναίω a.o., which may have influenced the formation of πταίω; on the anlaut cf. πτίσσω, πτήσσω. After Merlingen Μνήμης χάριν 2, 55 through metathesis pt- from tp- as zero grade of OCS tepù `beat' etc.; pricipally to be considered. Against connection with πέτομαι (Persson Beitr. 2, 825; s. Bq) rightly WP. 2, 21. -- The word may well be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,610Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πταίω
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58 ῥέω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to flow, to stream', also metaph., `to stream off, to fall off' (of hair, ripe fruits etc.), (Il.).Other forms: Aor. ῥυῆναι (γ 455), Dor. ἐρρύᾱ, fut. ῥυῆσομαι, perf. ἐρρύηκα (Att.); fut. ῥεύσομαι (Thgn., com., Hp.), ῥευσοῦμαι (Arist.), ῥεύσω (AP), aor. ῥεῦσαι (Ar. in anap., Hp., hell.).Derivatives: Many derivv., also from the prefixcompp. (here only indicated): A. with full grade. 1. ῥέεθρον (ep. Ion. Il.), ῥεῖθρον (Att.) n. `stream, river, water'; 2. ` Ρεῖτος m. name of a stream or brook, (Eleusis Va, Th., Paus.; Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 5, 89); 3. ῥεῦμα n. `current, stream' (IA.; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 267f.), `stream, rheumatism' (medic.), with - μάτιον, - ματώδης, - ματικός, - ματίζομαι, - ματισμός; 4. ῥέος n. `stream' (A; cf. on ἐυ-ρρεής below); 5. ῥεῦσις f. (hell. for ῥύσις); 6. ῥευστός `streaming, fluid' (Emp., Arist. a.o.), - στικός (Plu.), - σταλέος (Orac. ap. Eus.); 7. - ρρεί-της (from - ρρεϜέ-της) in compounds, e.g. ἐϋ-ρρείτης `streaming beautifully' (Hom. a.o.), ἀκαλα-ρρείτης (s. v.); 8. - ρρεής only in gen. ἐϋ-ρρεῖος = ἐϋ-ρρεϜέος (Il.) from ἐϋ-ρρεής `id.'; rather to ῥέω than to ῥέος (Schwyzer 513). -- B. With ο-ablaut: 1. ῥόος ( κατά- etc.), Att. ῥοῦς, Cypr. ῥόϜος m. `stream, flow'; 2. ῥοή ( ἐκ- etc.), Dor. -ά, Corc. ρhοϜαῖσι f. `flowing, stream, outflow' (Il.); from 1. or 2. ῥοΐσκος m. `brooklet' (Halaesa), ῥοώδης ( ῥοι- Gal.) `flowing, suffering of flux, having strong currents, watery, falling off' (Hp., Th., Arist. etc.), ῥοϊκός `fluid' (Hp., Dsc.), ῥοΐζω `to drench', of horses (Hippiatr.) with ῥοϊσμός H.; 3. ῥοῖαι f. pl. `floods' (Hp.); 4. - ρροια f. in prefixcompp., e.g. διάρροια (: δια-ρρέω) `flowing through, diarrhoea' (IA.; on the formation Schwyzer 469). -- C. With zero grade: 1. ῥυτός `streaming, pouring out, flowing strongly' (trag. a.o.; ἀμφί-, περί- ῥέω Od. a.o.); ῥυτόν n. `drinking horn' (Att., hell.); 2. ῥύσις ( ἔκ- a.o.) f. `flowing, flow' (IA.); 3. ῥύμα = ῥεῦμα (late) s.v.; 4. ῥύᾱξ, -ᾱκος m. `strong current, rushing stream, stream of lava' (Th., Pl., Arist. a.o.), prob. Sicil. (Björck Alpha impurum 61 a. 285); cf. ῥύαγξ (cod. ῥοί-) φάραγξ H. [note that of the last two the suffixes are Pre-Greek]; 5. ῥυά̄χετος m. `multitude of people' (Lac.; Ar. Lys. 170), expressive enlargment of ῥύαξ after ὀχετός, συρφετός?; 6. ῥυάς f. (m., n.) `fluid, falling off' (Arist., Thphr. a.o.), also adjunct of ἰχθῦς or des. of certain fishes, that live in warms and follow the currents (Arist. a.o.; Strömberg Fischn. 50f., Thompson Fishes s.v.), `flow' with ῥυαδικός, `suffering flux etc.' (medic.); 7. ῥυδόν (ο 426), ῥύδην (Crates a.o.) `flooding, abounding'. -- On ῥυθμός s. v.; on ῥύτρος, ῥόα ( ῥοιά), ῥοῦς as plantnames s. ῥόα.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1003] *sreu̯- `flow, stream'Etymology: The the themat. root-present ῥέω (\< *ῥέϜω; cf. ῥόϜος a.o. above) agrees Skt. srávati `flow', IE *sréu̯-eti. Also to other forms there are exact agreements outcide Greek, of which the age is however uncertain because of the strong productivity of the relevent form-categories: ρόος = Skt. srava- m. `the flowing'; cf. OCS o-strovъ, Russ. óstrov `island' (prop. "surrounded by stream(s)"); ῥοή = Lith. sravà f. `flowing, flow of blood, menstruation'; cf. Skt. giri-sravā f. `mountainstream', ῥύσις = Skt. srutí- f. `way, stret' (but e.g. vi-sruti- `flowing out'; cf. Liebert Nom. suffix -ti- 39); ambiguous Arm. aṙu `canal'; ῥυτός = Skt. srutá- `flowing'; cf. Lith. srùtos pl. (dial. -tà sg.) f. `liquid manure, (animal)urine'; (ἐϋ) - ρρεής: Skt. ( madhu) - sravas- m. "dripping of honey", plantname (lex.). Over aginst the neuter ῥεῦμα (IE *sreu̯-mn̥) stands in Balto-Slav. a corresponding masc., e.g. Lith. sraumuõ, gen. -meñs `rapid' (IE *srou̯-mon-); similar Thrac. rivername Στρυμών. An m-suffix also in Germ., e.g. OWNo. straumr ' stream' (IE *srou̯-mo-), in Celt., e.g. OIr. sruaim `stream' and in Alb. rrymë `stream' (Mann Lang. 28, 37). -- Genetic connection has also been supposed between Dor. aor. ἐ-ρρύᾱ and Lith. pret. pa-srùvo `flowed' (\< *-āt; Schwyzer 743 w. n. 11 a. lit.), also between Ion.-Att. ἐρρύη and Lith. inf. sravė́ti. Formally identical are also the futures ῥεύσομαι (- σω) and Skt. sroṣyati. Further the Greek and Sanskrit as well as the Balt. verbal systems go different ways. -- Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 702 f., Pok. 1003; Fraenkel s. sravė́ti, Vasmer s. strúmenъ; older lit. also in Bq. -- Vgl. ῥώομαι.Page in Frisk: 2,650-652Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥέω
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59 σκόλοψ
σκόλοψ, - οποςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `pointed pole, palisade, prickle' (ep. ion. poet. Il., hell. a. late prose; Att. χάραξ, σταυρός, - ωμα).Derivatives: Dimin. σκολόπ-ιον n. (Antyll. ap. Orib.), - ηὶς μοῖρα `the destiny of being impaled' (Man.; after βασιλ-ηΐς a.o.); - ίζω `provide with σ.' ( Stad.) wit - ισμός m. `the impaling, the spearing' (Vett. Val.); often with ἀνα- `to stick on a pole, to impale' (Hdt. a. o.) with - ισις f. (sch., Eust.), ἀπο σκόλοψ `to remove the poles' (Aq.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Finally to the great family of σκάλλω (s. v.). As the labial can belong to the stem, σκόλοψ can first be connected with Lat. scalpō `scratch, cut with a sharp instrument etc.'; to this may be joined several words with varying meaning, partly also with varying form, e.g. OHG scelifa `membranous shell', Lith. sklem̃pti, sklem̃bti `plane smooth, cut oblique, sprinkle' etc., s. Bq s. σκάλοψ, WP. 2, 595, Pok. 926, W.-Hofmann s. scalpō. The dissillabicity of σκόλοψ is rather due to adaptation to the nouns in - οψ (a sequence *-ολψ or *-ορψ is unknown in Greek) than with Bechtel Lex. s. v. to a disyllabic root form [?] -- Beside σκόλοψ stands in quite different meaning σκάλοψ, - οπος m. `mole' (Ar. Ach. 879; also Cratin. 93 [- ωψ]) with σκαλοπία f. `mole-track' (Thphr. HP 7, 12, 3; tradit.. σκολ-, s. Scheller Oxytonierung 47 f.), clearly from σκάλλω with the in animal-names usual οπ-suffix (final); we may have to do with a folketym. justification of untransparent σπάλαξ (s. ἀσπάλαξ with a quite hypothetic etym.); s. Grégoire Byzantion 32, 32ff. -- As the variant with - φρ- shows, we have to do with a Pre-Greek word (influence of δίφρος is far-fatched); cf. Furnée 107. Words for `pole' etc. are often taken over from a substrate language. (Not in Furnée.)Page in Frisk: 2,735-736Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκόλοψ
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60 κυριότης
κυριότης, ητος, ἡ (Memnon Hist. [I B.C./I A.D.]: 434 Fgm. 1, 4, 6 Jac. κ. πολλῶν=‘rule over many’; Achmes 229, 17 κ. λαοῦ; Soranus p. 10, 23 κ. πρὸς τὸ ζῆν=‘mng. for life’; Dositheus 1, 1, of the special mng. of a thing [w. δύναμις]; schol. on Pla. 111a κ. τῶν ὀνομάτων=meaning of the words. Elsewh. in eccl. writers and Byz. authors, as well as late pap: PCairMasp 151, 199 [VI A.D.] παρακαλῶ πάντα κριτὴν κ. δικαστὴν κ. ἐξουσίαν κ. κυριότητα; 132 ἐπὶ πάσης ἀρχῆς κ. ἐξουσίας κ. θρόνου κ. κυριότητος ὑφʼ ἡλίῳ).① the essential nature of the κύριος, the Lord’s nature, w. ref. to God D 4:1.② esp. the majestic power that the κύριος wields, ruling power, lordship, dominion (cp. θειότης as the essential aspect of θεός), ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς ἐξουσίαν μεγάλην κεῖται καὶ κυριότητα the Son of God appears in great authority and ruling power Hs 5, 6, 1 (κεῖμαι 3c). κυριότητα ἀθετεῖν Jd 8 and κυριότητος καταφρονεῖν 2 Pt 2:10, which is usu. considered dependent on it, is oft. (Ritschl, Spitta, HvSoden, BWeiss, Kühl, Mayor, Windisch, Knopf, Vrede et al.—FHauck leaves the choice open betw. 2 and 3) taken to mean the glory of the Lord which is rejected or despised by the dissident teachers. Perh. it is abstr. for concr., κυριότης for κύριος; s. the foll.③ a special class of angelic powers, bearers of the ruling power, dominions (cp. En 61:10; Slav. En 20; TestSol 8:6 D and s. κύριος II 2bεב) Col 1:16; Eph 1:21; AcPl Ha 1, 7 [restored].—GMacGregor, Principalities and Powers; the Cosmic Background of Paul’s Thought: NTS 1, ’54, 17–28. ADupont-Sommer, Jahrb. f. kleinasiat. Forschung 1, ’50, 210–18.—DELG s.v. κύριο. EDNT. TW.
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