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1 ποδηγέω
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ποδηγέω
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2 ψιλός
I of land, bare, ψ. ἄροσις open cornland, Il.9.580;πεδίον μέγα τε καὶ ψ. Hdt.1.80
;ὁ λόφος.. δασὺς ἴδῃσί ἐστι, ἐούσης τῆς ἄλλης Λιβύης ψ. Id.4.175
;ἀπὸ ψ. τῆς γῆς Pl.Criti. 111d
, cf. X.An.1.5.5, etc.: in full, [γῆ] ψ. δενδρέων Hdt.4.19
,21; ἄδενδρα καὶ ψ., of the Alps, Plb.3.55.9; τὰ ψ. (sc. χωρία), opp. τὰ ὑλώδη, X.Cyn.5.7; τόποι ψ. ib.4.6; ψ. γεωργία the tillage of land for corn and the like, opp. γ. πεφυτευμένη (the tillage of it for vines, olives, etc.), Arist.Pol. 1258b18, Thphr.CP3.20.1; soγῆ ψ. Eup. 230
, D.20.115, Tab.Heracl.1.175, 2.33;ἐλαῖαι, ὧν νῦν τὰ πολλὰ ἐκκέκοπται καὶ ἡ γῆ ψ. γεγένηται Lys.7.7
.II of animals, stripped of hair or feathers, smooth (cf.λεῖος 1.3
),δέρμα.. ἐλάφοιο Od.13.437
;σάρξ Hp.
Aër.19; ἡμίκραιραν ψ. ἔχων with half the head shaved, Ar. Th. 227; ψ. γνάθοι ib. 583;τὴν ὀσφὺν κομιδῇ ψ. Pherecr.23.4
(anap.); used of dogs with a short, smooth coat of hair, X.Cyn.3.2;τὴν δίποδα ἀγέλην τῷ ψ. καὶ τῷ πτεροφυεῖ τέμνειν Pl.Plt. 266e
;ἄνθρωπος -ότατον κατὰ τὸ σῶμα τῶν ζῴων πάντων ἐστί Arist.GA 745b16
; so ἶβις ψ. τὴν κεφαλήν without feathers, bald on the head, Hdt.2.76; hairless, of the foetus of a hare, Id.3.108; ψ. τὰ περὶ τὴν κεφαλήν, of the ostrich, Arist.PA 697b18.b ψιλαὶ Περσικαί Persian carpets, Callix.2; such a carpet is called ψιλή alone, PSI7.858.2 (iii B. C., pl.), LXXJo.7.21; ψιλὴ πολύμιτος, Babylonicum, Gloss.; ψιλή = aulaeum, tapeta, ibid.; cf. ψιλόταπις.2 generally, bare, uncovered, ψ. ὡς ὁρᾷ νέκυν, i. e. without any earth over it, S.Ant. 426; of a horse which has thrown its rider, AP13.18 ([place name] Parmeno).b c. gen., bare of, separated from, ψ. σώματος οὖσα [ἡ ψυχή] Pl.Lg. 899a;τέχναι ψ. τῶν πράξεων Id.Plt. 258d
;ψ. ὅπλων Id.Lg. 834c
;ἱππέων X.Cyr.5.3.57
;θηρία μεμονωμένα καὶ ψ. τῶν Ἰνδῶν Plb.11.1.12
.c stripped of appendages, naked, ψ. [τρόπις] the bare keel with the planks torn from it, Od.12.421; ψ. μάχαιραι swords alone, without other arms, etc., X.Cyr.4.5.58; θάλαττα ψ. blank sea, Aristid.Or.25(43).50.III freq. in Prose, as a military term, of soldiers without heavy armour, light troops, such as archers and slingers, opp. ὁπλῖται, first in Hdt.7.158, al., freq. in Th., e. g.ὁπλίζει τὸν δῆμον, πρότερον ψ. ὄντα 3.27
, cf. Arr.Tact.3.3;ὁ ψ. ὅμιλος Th.4.125
; so ψιλοί or τὸ ψιλόν, opp. τὸ ὁπλιτικόν, X.HG4.2.17, Arist.Pol. 1321a7; ψιλός, opp. ὡπλισμένος, S.Aj. 1123: coupled with ἄσκευος, Id.OC 1029;ψιλὸς στρατεύσομαι Ar.Th. 232
;ψ. δύναμις Arist.Pol. 1321a13
; αἱ κοῦφαι καὶ αἱ ψ. ἐργασίαι work that belongs to unarmed soldiers, ib. 1321a25;ψ. χερσὶν πρὸς καθωπλισμένους Ael.VH6.2
: but ψ. ἔχων τὴν κεφαλήν bare-headed, without helmet, X.An.1.8.6; ψ. ἵππος a horse without housings, Id.Eq.7.5: unarmed, defenceless, S.Ph. 953.IV λόγος ψ. bare language, i. e. prose, opp. to poetry which is clothed in the garb of metre, Pl.Mx. 239c, Phld.Mus.p.97K.; more freq. in pl.,ψ. λόγοι Pl.Lg. 669d
; opp. τὰ μέτρα, Arist.Rh. 1404b14,33: but in D.27.54 ψ. λόγος is a mere speech, a speech unsupported by evidence; and in Pl.Tht. 165a ψιλοὶ λόγοι are mere forms of argumentation, dialectical abstractions (so ψιλῶς λέγειν speak nakedly, without alleging proofs, Id.Phdr. 262c, cf. Lg. 811e);τὰς πράξεις αὐτὰς ψιλὰς φράζοντες Arist.Rh.Al. 1438b27
.2 ποίησις ψ. mere poetry, without music, i. e. Epic poetry, opp. Lyric ([etym.] ἡ ἐν ᾠδῇ), Pl.Phdr. 278c; soἄνευ ὀργάνων ψ. λόγοι Id.Smp. 215c
, cf. Arist.Po. 1447a29; ψ. τῷ στόματι, opp. μετ' ὀργάνων, as a kind of μουσική, Pl.Plt. 268b;λύρας φθόγγοι.. ψιλοὶ καὶ ἀμεικτότεροι τῇ φωνῇ Arist.Pr. 922a16
; ἡ ψ. φωνή the ordinary sound of the voice, opp. singing ([etym.] ἡ ᾠδική), D.H. Comp.11.3 ψ. μουσική instrumental music unaccompanied by the voice, opp. ἡ μετὰ μελῳδίας, Arist.Pol. 1339b20; ψιλῷ μέλει διαγωνίζεσθαι πρὸς ᾠδὴν καὶ κιθάραν, of Marsyas, Plu.2.713d, cf. Phld.Mus. p.100K.; soψ. κιθάρισις καὶ αὔλησις Pl.Lg. 669e
; ψιλὸς αὐλητής one who plays unaccompanied on the flute (cf. ψιλοκιθαριστής), Phryn. 145.V mere, simple (cf. supr. IV. 1), ἀριθμητικὴ ψιλή, opp. geometry and the like , Pl.Plt. 299e; ὕδωρ ψ., opp. σὺν οἴνῳ, Hp.Int.35; ψ. ἀναίρεσις mere removal, Phld.Sign.12; ψ. ἄνδρες, i. e. men without women, Antip.Stoic.3.254:—Oedipus calls Antigone his ψιλὸν ὄμμα, as being the one poor eye left him, S.OC 866. Adv. merely, only,Plu.
Per.15; ἕνεκα τοῦ ψ. εἰπεῖν for the purpose of merely saying, Sch. Il.Oxy.1086.65; ψ. ὀνομάζειν call by the bare name (without epithet), Phld.Vit.p.39J.VI Gramm. of vowels,ψ. ἦχος
without the spiritus asper,Demetr.
Eloc.73;ψ. πνεῦμα A.D.Adv.148.9
, D.T.Supp. 674.15;ψιλῶς λέγεσθαι A.D.Pron.57.3
.b of the letters ε and υ written simply, not as αι and οι, which represented the sounds in late Gr.,μαθόντες τὰ διὰ τοῦ διφθόγγου ᾱῑ τυχὸν ἅπαντα, ἐδιδάχθημεν τὰ ἄλλα πάντα ψιλὰ γράφεσθαι Hdn.Epim. 162
, cf. An.Ox.1.124: hence ἐψιλόν as name of the letter ε and ὐψιλόν as name of υ, which are first found in Anon. post Et.Gud.679.6, 678.55, and Chrysoloras: ἐ ψιλόν is f. l. in D.T.631.5: but inπᾶσα λέξις ἀπὸ τῆς κ ¯ ε ¯ συλλαβῆς ἀρχομένη διὰ τοῦ ε ¯ ψιλοῦ γράφεται.. πλὴν τοῦ καί, κτλ. Hdn.Epim.62
, ε ¯ ψ. is not yet merely the name of the letter: for ὐψιλόν v. sub ὖ, cf. Sch. Heph.p.93C.2 of mute consonants, the litterae tenues, π κ τ, opp. φ χ θ, o(/sai gi/gnontai xwris th=s tou= pneu/matos e)kbolh=s Arist. Aud. 804b10, cf. D.H.Comp.14, D.T.631.21; ψιλῶς καλεῖν pronounce with a littera tenuis for an aspirate, e. g., ῥάπυς for ῥάφυς, ἀσπάραγος for ἀσφάραγος, Ath.9.369b, cf. Eust.81.5, Tz.H.11.58. -
3 ὅπη
ὅπη, [dialect] Ep. [full] ὅππη, both in Hom., v. infr. (better written [full] ὅπῃ A.D. Adv.209.27, Eust.174.1) ; [dialect] Dor. [full] ὅπᾳ Leg.Gort.2.35, etc. ([full] ὅππᾳ Com.Adesp.p.126 D.), also [full] ὅπη Leg.Gort.1.42, Berl.Sitzb.1927.158 ([place name] Cyrene), etc., and [full] ὅπει IG12(3).248.11 ([place name] Anaphe), etc. ; [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὄππα ib. 12(2).645a47. Theoc.28.4 ; but [full] ὄππᾳ prob. in Alc.Supp.1A.4 ; [dialect] Ion. [full] ὅκη (better ὅκῃ) Hdt. (v. infr.):—Adv., relat. and indirect interrog.:I of Place, by which or what way, in which or what direction or part: sts. nearly = ὅπου, where, Il.22.321, Od.9.457 ; εἰρωτᾶν ὅκῃ εἴη v. l. in Hdt.5.87; ὅππῃ τ' ἰθύσῃ, τῇ τ' εἴκουσι στίχες ἀνδρῶν to whatever point.., at that point.., Il.12.48 ;ὅκῃ ἰθύσειε στρατεύεσθαι Hdt.1.204
, cf. 2.146 ;ἀμηχανῶ.. ὅπᾳ τράπωμαι A.Ag. 1532
(lyr.);ἐμβαλοῦ μ' ὅπῃ θέλεις S.Ph. 481
codd.II of Manner, in what way, how, as,ὅπῃ νόος ἐστὶν ἑκάστου Il.20.25
, cf. Od.1.347 : more freq. in Trag. and [dialect] Att., as A.Pr. 586, 906 (both lyr.), Ag.67 (anap.), al., Th.1.129, Lys. 14.4, etc.: joined withὅπως, ὅπῃ ἔχει καὶ ὅπως Pl.R. 612a
, cf. Lg. 899a, 899b, etc. ;ὅπῃ ἔτυχεν Arist.GA 743a21
(v.l. ὅπου) ; ὅπῃ ἄν, with subj., ὅπῃ ἂν δοκῇ ἀμφοτέροις Foed. ap. Th.5.18 ; ὅπᾳ κα δικαιότατα [dialect] Dor.Foed. ap. eund.5.79, cf. 8.56 ; in a way,Pl.
Prt. 331d ; ἔσθ' ὅπῃ.. ; Id.R. 486b ;οὐκ ἔστιν ὅπῃ Aeschin.3.209
(as v. l.).III with other Particles,ὅπῃ δή Il.22.185
, etc. ; ὅπῃ ποτέ in what possible direction or manner, Pl.Sph. 231c, R. 372e ;ὅπῃ δή ποτε Id.Ep. 338a
: c. gen.,τοὺς ὅπῃ ποτὲ κατοικοῦντας Εὐρώπης Plu.Per.17
; ὅπῃ οὖν or ὁπῃοῦν, in any direction or way whatever, Pl.Prt. 353d, Lg. 950a ; (fort. ὁπῃτιοῦν, cf. Ap. 35b); ὅπῃπερ, ὅπῃπερ ἄν, S.OT 1458 (as v. l.), Pl.Sph. 251a, Ti. 45c, etc.; cf. ὁπωστιοῦν. -
4 ὑπερβάλλω
A- βαλέω Od.11.597
: [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. 2ὑπειρέβαλον Il.23.637
:— throw over or beyond a mark, overshoot,ὑπέρβαλε σήματα πάντων Il.23.843
; τόσσον παντὸς ἀγῶνος (sc. σήματα) ὑπέρβαλε ib. 847; δουρὶ ὑ. Φυλῆα beat him in throwing with it, ib. 637.2 ὅτε μέλλοι ἄκρον [ λόφον] ὑπερβαλέειν force the stone over the top, Od. l.c.3 intr., run beyond, overrun the scent, of hounds, X.Cyn.6.20.II in various metaph. senses:1 outdo, excel, surpass, overpower,δέδοικα μὴ πρὶν πόνοις ὑπερβάλῃ με γῆρας E.Fr.453.5
(lyr.): c. gen., Pi.Fr.33; .2 go beyond, exceed, ;ὑ. πόσιος μέτρον Thgn.479
;τὴν τοῦ μετρίου φύσιν Pl.Plt. 283e
;ὑ. τὰ ἱκανά X.Hier.4.8
: of Time,ὑ. ἑκατὸν ἔτεα
exceed years, in age, Hdt.3.23; ὑ. τὰς τρεῖς ἡμέρας delay longer than.., Hp.VC14; ὑ. τὸν χρόνον exceed the time, i. e. be too late, X.HG5.3.21; ὑ. τὸν καιρόν exceed reasonable bounds, Democr.235, D.23.122: in number, intensity, etc.,ἡδοναὶ ὑ. λύπας Pl.Lg. 734b
, cf. Prt. 356b ([voice] Pass.): c. dat. modi, exceed one in..,πάντας ἀνθρώπους τόλμῃ καὶ μιαρίᾳ X.HG7.3.6
;ἅπαντας ἀνθρώπους ὠμότητι D.18.275
: abs.,ὑ. πρὸς ἀρετήν Pl.Lg. 945c
.b c. gen. pro acc.,ἆρα λύπῃ ὑ. τὸ ἀδικεῖν τοῦ ἀδικεῖσθαι; Id.Grg. 475c
, cf. Lg. 734a;ὑ. τῆς συμμετρίας Arist.Pol. 1284b8
, cf. HA 503b22.3 abs., exceed, αἱ μέσαι ἕξεις πρὸς μὲν τὰς ἐλλείψεις ὑπερβάλλουσι compared with their defects are in excess, Id.EN 1108b17; exceed all bounds, A. Pers. 291, E.Ba. 785, Th.7.67, Pl.Tht. 180a; οὐχ ὑπερβαλών keeping within bounds, Pi.N.7.66;μή νυν ὑπέρβαλλ', ἀλλ' ἐναισίμως φέρε E. Alc. 1077
: c. dat. modi,ὑ. τῇ μοχθηρίᾳ Ar.Pl. 109
;ἀδυναμίᾳ τοῦ δοξάσαι Pl.Tht. 192c
, cf. X.Mem.4.3.7;ἀνοίᾳ D.8.16
.b freq. in part. ὑπερβάλλων, ουσα, ον, exceeding, excessive,ὑ. δαπάνη X.Hier.11.2
; ἡδονή, ἔπαινοι, Pl.R. 402e, Phdr. 240e;θεάματα ταῖς δαπάναις ὑ. Isoc.4.45
, cf. Pl.Lg. 899a; οἱ ὑπερβάλλοντες, opp. οἱ καταδεέστεροι, Isoc.9.13;τὰ ὑ.
an over-high estate,E.
Med. 127 (anap.);φεύγειν τὰ ὑ. ἑκατέρωσε
extremes,Pl.
R. 619a; τὸ ὑ. αὐτῶν such part of them as goes beyond that, Th.2.35; οἱ ὑ. [ λόγοι], title of work by Thrasymachus (Fr. 7), perh. overpowering arguments.4 overbid or outbid at auction,ἀλλήλους Lys.22.8
, POxy.1633.5 (iii A. D.); τὸ ὑπερβάλλον the overbid, PPetr.3p.195 (iii B. C.): abs., go on further and further, in making offers, προέβαινε τοῖσι χρήμασι ὑπερβάλλων he went on bidding more and more, Hdt.5.51;ᾔτει τοσαῦτα ὑπερβάλλων Th.8.56
, cf. And.1.133:— [voice] Pass.,ἕνεκα τοῦ-βεβλῆσθαι τὴν οἰκίαν POxy.513.25
(ii A. D.); v. infr. B. 1.3.5 Adv. exceedingly,Pl.
R. 492b, Epicur. Nat.2.2, SIG685.36 (Crete, ii B. C.), Phld.Lib.p.7O., 2 Ep.Cor.11.23; written ὑπερβαλόντως in IG12(7).410.12 ([place name] Amorgos); opp. μετρίως, Isoc.1.28.III pass over, cross mountains, rivers, and the like , ; ; ;τὰς Ἄλπεις εἰς τὴν Ἰταλίαν Str.7.2.3
: c. gen., (where Dobree suggested θριγκοὺς τούσδ'): metaph., surmount,τάσδ' ὑ. τύχας Id.Alc. 795
.c abs., cross over,ἐς τὴν ἄνω Μακεδονίην Hdt.8.137
, cf. X.An.4.6.10; πρὸς τοὺς Θρᾷκας ib. 7.5.1; κατὰ λόφους τινάς ib.6.5.7.2 of water, run over, beat over, c. gen., ; of rivers, overflow,τὰς ἀρούρας Hdt.2.111
: abs., of a kettle, boil over, Id.1.59; of the sea,ἢν δ' ὑπερβάλῃ.. πόντος E.Tr. 691
.3 of the sun, to be very hot, Hdt.4.184.4 exceed, i. e. overlap, a base, Euc.6.29; cf. ὑπερβολή IV.—Note, the case that follows is almost always the acc.; the gen. occurs in a few exceptional instances, v. supr. 11.2 b, 111.1 and 2.B [voice] Med., with [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., = A. 11, outdo, overcome, conquer, τινα Hdt.5.124, Ar.Eq. 758 (lyr.), Nu. 1035;τὴν βασιλέος δύναμιν Hdt.8.24
;μάχῃ ὑ. τινά E.Or. 691
;φίλτροις ὑ. τινά S.Tr. 584
, cf. Ar.Eq. 413: abs., to be conqueror, Hdt.6.9, 7.168.2 exceed, surpass, τινα D.19.342, etc.;τοὺς ἀπ' αἰῶνος OGI542.11
(Ancyra, ii A. D.);πάντας τῷ ὕψεϊ καὶ τῷ μεγάθεϊ Hdt.2.175
, cf. 110;τινὰ ἀναιδείᾳ Ar. Eq. 409
; θωπείαις ib. 890; ;ἔν τινι Str.1.1.2
.bδόσι χρημάτων ὑ.
surpass all,Hdt.
1.61;ἀρετῇ Id.9.71
; ὑπερβαλλόμενος πλήθεϊ with overpowering numbers, Id.3.21: [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass., ὑπερβεβλημένη γυνή an excellent, surpassing woman, E.Alc. 153;φύσις ὑπερβεβλ. Pl.R. 558b
;ταφῆς τῆς μὲν ὑπερβεβλ., τῆς δὲ ἐλλειπούσης Id.Lg. 719d
: c. gen.,γόγγροι τῶν παρ' ἡμῖν ὑπερβεβλ. κατὰ τὸ μέγεθος Str.3.2.7
.II put off, postpone,τὴν ἀπόδοσιν Hdt.4.9
;τὴν συμβολήν Id.9.45
;εἰς ἄλλον καιρόν Phld.Rh.1.223S.
; but ἢν ὑπερβάλωνται ἐκείνην τὴν ἡμέραν.. συμβολὴν μὴ ποιεύμενοι if they let that day pass without fighting, Hdt.9.51: abs., delay, linger, Id.3.71,76, 7.206;εἰς αὖθις ὑπερβαλέσθαι Pl.Phdr. 254d
, cf. Arist.Rh.Al. 1420a8, 1438b6.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑπερβάλλω
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