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full+hundreds

  • 21 عدد

    عَدَد \ figure: the sign for a number (1, 2, 3, etc.); any number: a low figure. number: a quantity: a large number of people. \ الأَعْدَاد الزَّوْجيَّة \ even numbers: those numbers that can be divided by two: 2, 4, 6, 8 etc.. \ أَعْدَادٌ كبيرة \ hundreds: a very large number: He has hundreds of friends. thousands: a great many: thousands of people. \ أَعْدَاد كبيرة مِن \ plague: a very large number of creatures (esp. flies, rats, locusts, etc.) that cause great trouble: The crops were destroyed by a plague of locusts. \ See Also أَسْرَاب مُؤذِيَة مِن... \ عَدَد \ intake: a quatity that is taken in: This year’s intake of students was 70 girls and 50 boys. \ See Also كَمِّيّة مُدْخَلَة \ عَدَد أقلّ \ less: a smaller amount of; not so much; not so many (but fewer is better than less in regard to plural nouns): You should eat less sugar and fewer sweets. less: a smaller amount: It lasted for less than five minutes. He wants $5 and he won’t accept less. \ عَدَد صَحيح \ a whole number: a number such as 2 (not a fraction like 2/3 or a decimal like 1.7). \ عَدَد غفير \ multitude: a great number; a crowd. \ عَدَد قَديم (من صَحيفَة أو مَجَلَّة)‏ \ back number: (of a newspaper, etc) a copy which is not the latest on sale. \ See Also نُسْخَة قَديمَة \ عَدَد قَليل \ few: (with a) some, but not a large number: I waited for a few days. I need a few more books. handful: a few: Only a handful of people came to watch the match. \ العَدَد الكامِل \ strength: the full quantity of a group of persons who form an effective force: The nurses are not up to strength. (There are not enough nurses) They are 30 below strength. (The hospital usu. employs 30 more than it has now). \ عَدَد كبير \ many: a large number (of): He has (very) many friends. Many (of them) are at school with him. Many hands make light work (a job is done faster if we help each other). many a: used with a singular noun, equal in sense to a plural noun: I’ve been there many a time (many times). score: modern use (mostly pl.) a large number: I’ve been there scores of times. \ عَدَد كبير \ heaps of: a lot of: He has heaps of relations. \ See Also كَمية كبيرة مِن \ عَدَد كبير جدًّا \ a good many, a great many: very many: a good many people. \ عَدَد كَبير مِن \ dozen: a lot: I have dozens of relations. \ عَدَد مِن صَحِيفة \ issue: an official supply; (of newspapers) a particular supply: an issue of new coins; yesterday’s issue of the local paper. \ عَدَد هائِل \ a cloud: a mass of everything in the air (flying insects, smoke, dust, etc.).

    Arabic-English dictionary > عدد

  • 22 squeeze

    skwi:z
    1. сущ.
    1) а) сжатие, пожатие;
    прессование, сдавливание Syn: compression б) рукопожатие, объятие Syn: handclasp;
    handshake, embrace
    1.
    2) то, что получается в результате надавливания а) выдавленный сок б) оттиск (статьи, монеты и т. п.) в) толпа, толчея (людей) Syn: crowd
    1.
    3) разг. давление, принуждение;
    вымогательство;
    шантаж Syn: squeeze play
    4) разг. тяжелое положение;
    затруднение (тж. tight squeeze)
    5) горн. осадка кровли
    2. гл.
    1) а) сжимать;
    сдавливать;
    стискивать Syn: compress б) выжимать(ся) ;
    выдавливать
    2) вынуждать;
    вымогать( у кого-л. ≈ out of) Your father has already paid so much, I doubt if you can squeeze any more money out (of him). ≈ Твой отец и так уже столько денег дал тебе, что вряд ли тебе удастся вытрясти из него что-нибудь.
    3) а) обременять( налогами и т. п.) б) вызывать экономические или финансовые трудности
    4) а) втискивать, впихивать (in, into) ;
    умещать, вмещать The case is full. I can't squeeze any more clothes in. ≈ Чемодан полный. В него больше не лезет никакая одежда. б) протискиваться( past, through)
    5) делать оттиск( монеты и т. п.) ∙ squeeze between squeeze by squeeze from squeeze into squeeze through сжатие, сжимание, сдавливание пожатие - to give smb.'s hand a * крепко пожать кому-л. руку объятие - he gave me a friendly * он дружески обнял меня( разговорное) теснота, давка - we all got in, but it was a tight * мы все поместились, но было очень тесно (сленг) тусовка, сборище - dinners^ card parties and *s обеды, карточные и другие сборища (разговорное) давление, принуждение - to put a * on smb. прижать кого-л., оказать нажим на кого-л. вымогательство, шантаж выжатый сок - a * of lemon немного лимонного сока выжимки оттиск (монеты и т. п.) тяжелое положение, затруднение, "узкое место" - manpower * недостаток рабочей силы (финансовое) (биржевое) дорогие деньги, стесненный кредит;
    ограничение кредита;
    высокая стоимость займов( на покупку домов и т. п.) комиссионные - all the middlemen get a * все посредники получают комиссионные (горное) осадка кровли (австралийское) (разговорное) женская талия сжимать, сдавливать, стискивать - to * smb.'s hand крепко пожать кому-л. руку - to * one's finger прищемить палец( дверью и т. п.) - he was *d to death in the crowd его раздавили в толпе выжимать, выдавливать (тж. * out) - to * a sponge выжимать губку - to * juice from a lemon выжимать сок из лимона - to * out a tear выдавить слезу - to * dry выжать досуха (полотенце и т. п.) ;
    выжать до конца( лимон и т. п.) - cheese and meat paste can now be *d out of tubes сыр и мясной паштет сейчас выжимают из тюбиков заставлять, вынуждать - to * a confession from smb. вынудить признание у кого-л. вымогать - to * money from /out of/ smb. вымогать деньги у кого-л. (out of) выколачивать (налоги и т. п.) ;
    выжимать (из кого-л.) - to * every penny out of the taxpayer выжимать последний грош из налогоплательщика притеснять, эксплуатировать - the boss *d his men unmercifully хозяин выжимал из рабочих все соки /беспощадно эксплуатировал рабочих/ (тж. * in) втискивать, впихивать, пропихивать - to * one's way through a crowd протискиваться /пробиваться/ сквозь толпу - to * oneself into a room протиснуться в комнату - to * three suits into a small suitcase втиснуть три костюма в маленький чемодан - to * things forcibly into a trunk с силой впихивать вещи в сундук - to * one's hand into a glove с трудом натянуть перчатку - he *d his hand through the opening он с трудом просунул руку в отверстие - I was *d in between two stout men я оказался зажатым /стиснутым/ между двумя толстяками втискиваться, впихиваться, протискиваться - to * through the door протиснуться в дверь - the bus was full but I managed to * in автобус был полон, но мне удалось втиснуться - we can all three * in the front seat мы втроем усядемся на переднем ссиденье тесниться( обыкн. * up) - to * up against smb., smth. прижиматься к кому-л., чему-л. - * up a little more and let the others sit down потеснитесь немного и дайте другим сесть - several hundreds were *d up against each other in one corner of the stand несколько сот зрителей стояли прижавшись друг к другу /плечом к плечу/ в одном углу трибуны делать оттиск (монеты и т. п.) (карточное) лишить контрпартнера заручек в длинной масти (бридж) (техническое) обжимать, уплотнять;
    выпрессовывать > to * off a fish (военное) (жаргон) подорвать торпеду bear ~ бирж. ликвидация с убытком позиций спекулянтов, играющих на понижение bull ~ бирж. ситуация, когда спекулянты, играющие на повышение, вынуждены продавать акции по низкому курсу credit ~ кредитная рестрикция credit ~ ограничение кредита ~ сжатие, пожатие;
    давление, сдавливание;
    to give a squeeze (of the hand) пожать (руку) price ~ вытеснение посредством снижения цены profit ~ уменьшение доли прибыли в цене единицы продукта profit ~ уменьшение прибыли short ~ ситуация, когда покупатели ценных бумаг, играющие на понижение, вынуждены покупать акции по высокому курсу из опасения еще большего его роста ~ выжимать(ся) ;
    выдавливать;
    the sponge squeezes well эта губка легко выжимается;
    to squeeze out a tear притворно плакать squeeze втискивать, впихивать (in, into) ;
    протискиваться (past, through) ~ выдавленный сок ~ выжимать(ся) ;
    выдавливать;
    the sponge squeezes well эта губка легко выжимается;
    to squeeze out a tear притворно плакать ~ вынуждать;
    вымогать (out of) ;
    to squeeze a confession вынудить признание ~ вынуждать игрока на понижение покупать по повышенным ценам ~ разг. давление, принуждение;
    вымогательство;
    шантаж ~ давление ~ делать оттиск (монеты и т. п.) ~ обременять (налогами и т. п.) ~ ограничение кредита ~ ограничивать кредиты ~ горн. осадка кровли ~ оттиск (монеты и т. п.) ~ сжатие, пожатие;
    давление, сдавливание;
    to give a squeeze (of the hand) пожать (руку) ~ вчт. сжатие ~ вчт. сжать ~ сжимать;
    сдавливать;
    стискивать;
    to squeeze (smb.'s) hand пожать (кому-л.) руку;
    to squeeze moist clay мять сырую глину ~ вчт. сжимать ~ теснота, давка ~ разг. тяжелое положение;
    затруднение (тж. tight squeeze) ~ вынуждать;
    вымогать (out of) ;
    to squeeze a confession вынудить признание ~ сжимать;
    сдавливать;
    стискивать;
    to squeeze (smb.'s) hand пожать (кому-л.) руку;
    to squeeze moist clay мять сырую глину ~ сжимать;
    сдавливать;
    стискивать;
    to squeeze (smb.'s) hand пожать (кому-л.) руку;
    to squeeze moist clay мять сырую глину ~ выжимать(ся) ;
    выдавливать;
    the sponge squeezes well эта губка легко выжимается;
    to squeeze out a tear притворно плакать

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > squeeze

  • 23 stick

    stɪk
    1. сущ.
    1) а) палка;
    прут;
    трость;
    стек;
    колышек;
    посох;
    жезл hiking, walking stickклюка, трость, палка (для опоры при ходьбе) hockey stick ≈ хоккейная клюшка Syn: walking stick б) ветка, веточка celery stick ≈ корешок сельдерея
    2) брусок, палочка( сургуча, мыла для бритья, с леденцом и т. п.) stick of chewing gumпластинка жевательной резинки
    3) устройство в форме палки, имеющее строго определенную функциональную нагрузку а) муз. дирижерская палочка б) тех. рукоятка в) текст. мяло, трепало г) полигр. верстатка composing stick
    4) а) разг. инертный, туповатый человек;
    тупица б) разг. парень (как форма запанибратского обращения) Syn: person, chap
    5) (the sticks) мн. амер. разг. захолустье
    6) мн.;
    разг. мебель( обыкн. грубая)
    7) мор.;
    разг. мачта
    8) воен. серия бомб ∙ to cut one's stick сл.удрать, улизнуть
    2. гл.;
    прош. вр. и прич. прош. вр. - stuck
    1) а) втыкать, вкалывать, прокалывать, вонзать;
    натыкать, насаживать( на острие) ;
    утыкать Syn: stab
    2. б) закалывать, убивать
    2) торчать (тж. stick out)
    3) разг. класть, совать, ставить
    4) а) приклеивать;
    наклеивать, расклеивать б) липнуть;
    присасываться;
    приклеиваться I could not stick the envelope. ≈ У меня не получалось заклеить конверт. в) перен. привязываться (напр., к какому-л. месту), постоянно ассоциироваться( с кем-л.) the nickname stuck to him ≈ прозвище пристало к нему to stick on( a horse) разг. ≈ крепко сидеть( на лошади) Why do you always stick at home? ≈ Почему ты всегда торчишь дома?
    5) держаться, придерживаться( to - чего-л.) ;
    упорствовать( to - в чем-л.) ;
    оставаться верным( другу, слову, долгу и т. п.) (to) to stick to one's word ≈ держать слово, сдерживать обещание Syn: adhere, cleave, cling, cohere Ant: separate, sever, leave abandon
    6) завязнуть, застрять to be stuck in a traffic jam ≈ застрять в автомобильной пробке
    7) разг. выдерживать, терпеть She could not stick it any longer. ≈ Она больше не могла выносить этого.
    8) озадачить, поставить в тупик Syn: baffle
    2., stump
    2.
    9) всучить, навязать( with)
    10) а) разг. обманывать, надувать, морочить Syn: cheat
    2., defraud б) обременять какой-л. трудной, неблагодарной работой He is still stuck with that lousy car. ≈ Он все еще возится с этой чертовой машиной.
    11) а) разг. заставить( кого-л.) заплатить;
    вводить в расход б) назначать завышенную цену Syn: overcharge
    1.
    12) полигр. вставлять в верстатку ∙ stick around stick at stick by stick down stick in stick on stick out stick out for stick to stick together stick up stick up for stick up to stick with stuck on амер.;
    сл. ≈ влюбленный to stick it on сл. ≈ запрашивать большую цену to stick to one's ribs разг. ≈ быть питательным, полезным (о пище) палка, палочка - fencing * фехтовальная палка - the house went to *s and staves дом совершенно развалился - not a * or stone remained of the house от дома не осталось и следа палка, трость;
    стек, посох жезл (обыкн. the *) (разговорное) порка - this boy wants the * этому мальчику нужна палка, мальчишку следует высечь подпорка, колышек палочка, брусок, плитка - * of candy леденец - * of chocolate плитка /плиточка/ шоколада - * of chalk палочка мела - * of butter пачка масла - incense *s ароматические палочки /свечки/ спица - knitting * вязальная спица подсвечник смычок дирижерская палочка (спортивное) (жаргон) палка, клюшка - * feint финт клюшкой (хоккей) (спортивное) (жаргон) бита (бейсбол) удочка pl лыжные палки - * riding descent спуск с помощью палок pl лыжи( спортивное) доска для серфинга pl боковые стойки ворот( разговорное) человек - queer * чудак - a decent old * порядочный человек - good *s добрые люди - poor * ничтожество тупица, бревно - he is a regular * on the stage на сцене он настоящий истукан pl (разговорное) предметы (домашней обстановки) - we have only a few *s of furniture у нас мало мебели pl хворост (the *s) (разговорное) захолустье, глушь (американизм) ложка коньяка, рома и т. п. в чай или кофе (сленг) сигарета с марихуаной (техническое) рукоятка (авиация) (разговорное) ручка управления( авиация) группа парашютистов, участвующих в групповом прыжке (военное) серия бомб - * bombing серийное бомбометание снаряды одного залпа pl (лесохозяйственное) кругляк, круглый лесоматериал (полиграфия) верстатка (морское) перископ( морское) (разговорное) рангоут (ботаника) ветка, черешок( текстильное) мяло, трепало (для шерсти) > the big * политика силы /"большой дубинки"/ > to beat smb. to *s разбить кого-л. наголову > cross as two *s в ужасном настроении, не в духе, злой как черт > to have the right end of the * иметь преимущество( в споре и т. п.) > to have got hold of the wrong end of the * иметь неверное представление о чем-л. > to hold *s with smb. соревноваться с кем-л. на равных условиях > in a cleft * в затруднительном положении, в тупике > he has us in a (cleft) * он поставил нас в отчаянное положение > to cut one's *s удрать, улизнуть > to get on the * взяться за дело, начать действовать > to give smb. the * бранить, разносить кого-л.;
    делать втык кому-л. (in, into) втыкать, вкалывать, вонзать - to * a spade into the earth воткнуть лопату в землю - to * a needle into one's finger загнать /всадить/ иголку (себе) в палец - to * a knife into smb. вонзить нож в кого-л. - to * spurs вонзить шпоры - to * a nail into the wall вбить гвоздь в стену - we tested the pie by *ing a fork into the crust мы попробовали вилкой, готов ли пирог втыкаться, вонзаться - the arrow stuck in the target стрела вонзилась в мишень - the needle stuck in my finger иголка воткнулась /вонзилась/ мне в палец колоть, укалывать - to * smb. with a needle уколоть кого-л. иголкой (through) прокалывать, пронзать - to * a skewer through a piece of meat насадить кусок мяса на вертел закалывать, убивать - to * smb. with a bayonet заколоть кого-л. штыком резать, забивать (скот) - to * a pig заколоть свинью (разговорное) высовывать, выставлять (тж. * out) - to * one's head out of the window высунуть голову из окна (разговорное) (обыкн. in) всовывать, совать, втыкать - to * a flower in one's hair воткнуть цветок в волосы - to * a hatchet in one's belt заткнуть топорик за пояс - to * one's forefingers in one's ears заткнуть пальцами уши - to * a pen behind one's ear заложить перо за ухо - to * one's hands in one's pockets сунуть руки в карманы - don't * your nose into other people's business не суй нос в чужие дела торчать (тж. * out, * up) - the pen *ing behind his ear торчащее у него за ухом перо (разговорное) засовывать, вставлять (тж. * in) - to * a few commas in вставить несколько запятых - * the letter under the door сунь письмо под дверь - * the book back on its shelf поставь книгу обратно на полку - * the cake in the oven сунь /поставь/ пирог в духовку утыкать, усыпать - the cushion was stuck full of pins вся подушечка была утыкана булавками (разговорное) заставлять, увешивать - the walk was stuck full of statues по всей аллее понаставили статуи - she stuck potted plants around the room она заставила всю комнату горшками с цветами - a coat stuck with badges пиджак, увешанный значками ( разговорное) поставить, положить, бросить - just * it on the table бросьте это на стол - * the kettle on the gas stove поставьте чайник на газ накалывать( насекомых для коллекции) (редкое) собирать хворост (обыкн. to go *ing) (сельскохозяйственное) ставить подпорки( растениям) (полиграфия) вставлять в верстатку > to * one's heels in противиться, не уступать;
    не отступать ни на шаг > they wanted to move the school to new buildings, but parents and children stuck their heels in школу хотели перевести в новое здание, но родители и дети заупрямились > hundreds of tenants are sticking their heels in over the new rent increases сотни квартиросъемщиков ведут упорную борьбу с новым повышением квартплаты клейкость, липкость, прилипчивость наклеивать, приклеивать, прилеплять - to * a label on one's luggage наклеить /налепить/ ярлык на багаж - to * bills расклеивать афиши /плакаты/ - to * photographs in an album наклеивать фотографии в альбом - to * a picture in a book вклеивать картинку в книгу - to * smth. together склеивать что-л. - the nickname the neighbours stuck on him прозвище, которое ему дали соседи приклеиваться, склеиваться, слепляться;
    прилипать, липнуть - the envelope won't * конверт не заклеивается - these stamps have stuck (together) марки склеились /слиплись/ - his shirt stuck to his back у него рубашка прилипла к спине - the paper *s to my fingers бумага прилипает к пальцам - tar *s смола липкая - the vegetables have stuck to the pan овощи пристали к сковородке - the name stuck to her это имя так и осталось за ней /прилипло к ней/ - the same fear *s to her ее преследует все тот же страх - his phrases * его выражения запоминаются крепко держаться - to * on the horse крепко держаться в седле приставать, привязываться ( к кому-л.) ;
    становиться постоянным спутником - to * like a burr /like glue, like a limpet, like wax/ пристать /привязаться/ как смола /как банный лист/ - to * like a leech присосаться как пиявка застревать;
    увязать - the car stuck in the mood автомобиль завяз в грязи - the key stuck in the lock ключ не поворачивался в замке - the ball got stuck on the roof мяч застрял на крыше останавливаться, застревать - to * in the middle of a speech остановиться в середине (своей) речи - to * in the mind /in the memory/ засесть в памяти - the words stuck in his throat слова застряли у него в глотке (at) (разговорное) колебаться - he will * at nothing он не остановится ни перед чем - this man *s at no principle это беспринципный человек, для этого человека нет ничего святого останавливать, задерживать - we have been stuck there for a week by bad weather плохая погода задержала нас там на неделю (разговорное) торчать, застревать, оставаться (надолго) - to * fast основательно /надолго/ застрять - he stuck on the farm while his brothers travelled он торчал /оставался/ на ферме, пока его братья путешествовали (разговорное) залежаться( о товаре) плохо, неисправно действовать, заедать - the door stuck дверь заело - this drawer *s ящик не выдвигается - the switch *s выключатель неисправен (разговорное) выносить;
    мириться( с кем-л., чем-л.) - he could not * his mother-in-law он не выносил свою тещу - * it! терпи!, держись! (разговорное) озадачивать, ставить в тупик - this problem *s me эта задача ставит меня в тупик становиться в тупик, испытывать затруднения - he *s at grammar он не в ладах с грамматикой (разговорное) надувать, обманывать - he had already been stuck several times by this man этот человек его уже несколько раз надувал (with) обыкн. pass всучить, навязать - I'm stuck with a counterfeit coin мне подсунули фальшивую монету - I am stuck with this car мне навязали эту машину (и теперь я с ней мыкаюсь) - it's my face and I am stuck with it это мое лицо, и другого мне не дадут - now I am stuck with her теперь я от нее не отвяжусь, вот навязалась на мою голову (разговорное) вводить в расход, заставлять платить, "выставлять" - he stuck his host for the cost of several long-distance calls его хозяину пришлось заплатить за несколько его междугородных телефонных разговоров - what do they * you for a meal? сколько они берут с вас за обед? брать непомерно высокую цену, сдирать - to stick to smth. не отвлекаться, не отклоняться от чего-л. - * to business! не отвлекайтесь! - * to the point! не отклоняйтесь!;
    ближе к делу! - * to the facts придерживайтесь фактов - flying is simple if you * to the rules пилотирование самолета - дело простое, надо только соблюдать правила - to stick to /with/ smth. придерживаться чего-л., быть верным чему-л. - to * to one's word крепко /твердо/ держать слово - to * to one's opinion упорствовать в своем мнении - to * to one's resolve стоять на своем - to * to one's duty быть верным своему долгу - to * to one's post оставаться на своем посту - he *s to his story он упорно повторяет одно и то же;
    он настаивает на том, что он сказал - to * to one's guns (военное) упорно /стойко/ обороняться - to stick by /to/ smb. (разговорное) стоять за кого-л.;
    быть верным кому-л. - he stuck by his friend in his troubles он остался верным другу, когда у того были неприятности - he stuck to us through thick and thin он оставался нам верным другом во всех испытаниях - his wife has stuck by him in good times and bad жена всегда поддерживала его - и в радости, и в беде - to stick at smth. упорно работать над чем-л. - I * to my painting five or six hours a day but nothing comes of it я работаю над картиной пять-шесть часов в день, но у меня ничего не получается - you can write the report in a week, bur you'll need to * at it отчет можно написать за неделЮ, но придется не разгибать спины > to be stuck on smb. влюбиться в кого-л. > to * to the fingers прилипать к рукам (о чужих деньгах и т. п.) > to * in the same mire with smb. быть связанным одной веревочкой с кем-л. > to * to one's colours /to one's guns/ стоять на своем, твердо проводить свою линию, до конца держаться своих убеждений > to * to one's last заниматься только своим делом, не лезть не в свое дело > to * it on запрашивать большую цену;
    преувеличивать, приукрашивать > to * it on the bill приписывать к счету > to * in one's gizzard /in one's stomach, in one's throat/ приходиться не по вкусу кому-л., мешать /надоедать/ кому-л.;
    встать /стать/ поперек горла > to * to the ribs насыщать, быть питательным ~ липнуть;
    присасываться;
    приклеиваться;
    to be stuck (with smth.) не иметь возможности отделаться( от чего-л.) ;
    the envelope won't stick конверт не заклеивается ~ воен. серия бомб;
    to cut one's stick sl. удрать, улизнуть;
    the big stick политика силы, политика большой дубинки ~ застрять, завязнуть;
    to stick fast основательно застрять;
    the door sticks дверь заедает;
    the key has stuck in the lock ключ застрял в замке ~ липнуть;
    присасываться;
    приклеиваться;
    to be stuck (with smth.) не иметь возможности отделаться (от чего-л.) ;
    the envelope won't stick конверт не заклеивается friends ~ together друзья держатся вместе;
    to stick to business не отвлекаться he sticks at his work ten hours a day он упорно работает по десять часов в день;
    to stick at nothing ни перед чем не останавливаться ~ up выдаваться, торчать;
    his hair stuck up on end у него волосы стояли торчком ~ разг. терпеть, выдерживать;
    stick it! держись!, мужайся!;
    I could not stick it any longer я больше не смог этого вытерпеть ~ застрять, завязнуть;
    to stick fast основательно застрять;
    the door sticks дверь заедает;
    the key has stuck in the lock ключ застрял в замке the nickname stuck (to him) прозвище пристало к нему;
    to stick on (a horse) разг. крепко сидеть (на лошади) stick брусок, палочка (сургуча, мыла для бритья и т. п.) ;
    stick of chocolate плитка шоколада;
    stick of chewing gum плиточка жевательной резинки ~ полигр. верстатка ~ веточка, ветка ~ полигр. вставлять в верстатку;
    stick around разг. слоняться поблизости, не уходить;
    stick at упорно продолжать ~ всучить, навязать (with) ~ (stuck) втыкать, вкалывать, вонзать;
    натыкать, насаживать (на острие) ;
    утыкать ~ разг. вялый или туповатый человек;
    тупица;
    недалекий или косный человек ~ держаться, придерживаться (to - чего-л.) ;
    упорствовать (to - в чем-л.) ;
    оставаться верным (другу, слову, долгу;
    to) ~ муз. дирижерская палочка ~ разг. заставить (кого-л.) заплатить;
    вводить в расход ~ застрять, завязнуть;
    to stick fast основательно застрять;
    the door sticks дверь заедает;
    the key has stuck in the lock ключ застрял в замке ~ (the sticks) pl амер. разг. захолустье ~ разг. класть, ставить, совать ~ колоть, закалывать ~ липнуть;
    присасываться;
    приклеиваться;
    to be stuck (with smth.) не иметь возможности отделаться (от чего-л.) ;
    the envelope won't stick конверт не заклеивается ~ мор. разг. мачта ~ pl разг. мебель (обыкн. грубая) ~ разг. обманывать ~ озадачить, поставить в тупик ~ оставаться;
    to stick at home торчать дома ~ палка;
    прут;
    трость;
    стек;
    колышек;
    посох;
    жезл ~ приклеивать;
    наклеивать, расклеивать ~ тех. рукоятка ~ воен. серия бомб;
    to cut one's stick sl. удрать, улизнуть;
    the big stick политика силы, политика большой дубинки ~ разг. терпеть, выдерживать;
    stick it! держись!, мужайся!;
    I could not stick it any longer я больше не смог этого вытерпеть ~ торчать (тж. stick out) ~ текст. трепало, мяло ~ полигр. вставлять в верстатку;
    stick around разг. слоняться поблизости, не уходить;
    stick at упорно продолжать ~ полигр. вставлять в верстатку;
    stick around разг. слоняться поблизости, не уходить;
    stick at упорно продолжать ~ оставаться;
    to stick at home торчать дома he sticks at his work ten hours a day он упорно работает по десять часов в день;
    to stick at nothing ни перед чем не останавливаться ~ down разг. записывать ~ down разг. класть ~ down приклеивать ~ застрять, завязнуть;
    to stick fast основательно застрять;
    the door sticks дверь заедает;
    the key has stuck in the lock ключ застрял в замке ~ разг. терпеть, выдерживать;
    stick it! держись!, мужайся!;
    I could not stick it any longer я больше не смог этого вытерпеть to ~ it on sl. запрашивать большую цену;
    to stick to one's ribs разг. быть питательным, полезным (о пище) stick брусок, палочка (сургуча, мыла для бритья и т. п.) ;
    stick of chocolate плитка шоколада;
    stick of chewing gum плиточка жевательной резинки stick брусок, палочка (сургуча, мыла для бритья и т. п.) ;
    stick of chocolate плитка шоколада;
    stick of chewing gum плиточка жевательной резинки the nickname stuck (to him) прозвище пристало к нему;
    to stick on (a horse) разг. крепко сидеть (на лошади) ~ out бастовать;
    stick out for настаивать( на чем-л.) ~ out высовывать(ся) ;
    торчать;
    to stick out one's chest выпячивать грудь ~ out мириться, терпеть;
    держаться до конца ~ out бастовать;
    stick out for настаивать (на чем-л.) ~ out высовывать(ся) ;
    торчать;
    to stick out one's chest выпячивать грудь to ~ pigs закалывать свиней to ~ pigs охотиться на кабанов верхом с копьем friends ~ together друзья держатся вместе;
    to stick to business не отвлекаться to ~ to it упорствовать, стоять (на чем-л.) ;
    to stick to the point держаться ближе к делу to ~ to one's friends in trouble не оставлять друзей в беде to ~ it on sl. запрашивать большую цену;
    to stick to one's ribs разг. быть питательным, полезным (о пище) to ~ to it упорствовать, стоять (на чем-л.) ;
    to stick to the point держаться ближе к делу ~ up выдаваться, торчать;
    his hair stuck up on end у него волосы стояли торчком ~ up sl. останавливать с целью ограбления;
    ограбить;
    to stick up the bank ограбить банк;
    stick up for защищать, поддерживать ~ up ставить торчком ~ up sl. останавливать с целью ограбления;
    ограбить;
    to stick up the bank ограбить банк;
    stick up for защищать, поддерживать to ~ up for one's rights защищать свои права;
    stick up to не подчиняться;
    оказывать сопротивление;
    stuck on амер. sl. влюбленный ~ up sl. останавливать с целью ограбления;
    ограбить;
    to stick up the bank ограбить банк;
    stick up for защищать, поддерживать to ~ up for one's rights защищать свои права;
    stick up to не подчиняться;
    оказывать сопротивление;
    stuck on амер. sl. влюбленный to ~ up for one's rights защищать свои права;
    stick up to не подчиняться;
    оказывать сопротивление;
    stuck on амер. sl. влюбленный

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > stick

  • 24 stick

    I
    1. [stık] n
    1. 1) палка, палочка
    2) палка, трость; стек; посох
    3) жезл
    4) (обыкн. the stick) разг. порка

    this boy wants the stick - этому мальчику нужна палка, мальчишку следует высечь

    2. подпорка, колышек
    3. 1) палочка, брусок, плитка

    stick of chocolate - плитка /плиточка/ шоколада

    incense sticks - ароматические палочки /свечки/

    2) спица
    4. подсвечник
    5. смычок
    6. дирижёрская палочка
    7. спорт. жарг.
    1) палка, клюшка

    stick feint [push] - финт [подсечка шайбы] клюшкой ( хоккей)

    2) бита ( бейсбол)
    3) удочка
    4) pl лыжные палки
    5) pl лыжи
    6) = surfboard I
    7) pl боковые стойки ворот
    8. разг.
    1) человек
    2) тупица, бревно
    9. pl разг. предметы ( домашней обстановки)
    10. pl хворост
    11. (the sticks) разг. захолустье, глушь
    12. амер. ложка коньяка, рома и т. п. в чай или кофе
    13. сл. сигарета с марихуаной
    14. 1) тех. рукоятка
    2) ав. разг. ручка управления
    15. ав. группа парашютистов, участвующих в групповом прыжке
    16. воен.
    1) серия бомб
    2) снаряды одного залпа
    17. pl лес. кругляк, круглый лесоматериал
    18. полигр. верстатка
    19. мор. перископ
    20. мор. разг. рангоут
    21. бот. ветка, черешок
    22. текст. мяло, трепало ( для шерсти)

    the big stick - политика силы /«большой дубинки»/

    to beat smb. to sticks - разбить кого-л. наголову

    cross as two sticks - в ужасном настроении, не в духе, злой как чёрт

    to have the right [the wrong] end of the stick - иметь преимущество [потерпеть поражение] (в споре и т. п.)

    to have got hold of the wrong [of the right] end of the stick - иметь неверное [правильное] представление о чём-л.

    to hold sticks with smb. - соревноваться с кем-л. на равных условиях

    in a cleft stick - в затруднительном положении, в тупике

    to cut one's sticks - удрать, улизнуть

    to get on the stick - взяться за дело, начать действовать

    to give smb. the stick - бранить, разносить кого-л.; ≅ делать втык кому-л.

    2. [stık] v (stuck)
    1. 1) (in, into) втыкать, вкалывать, вонзать

    to stick a needle into one's finger - загнать /всадить/ иголку (себе) в палец

    to stick a knife into smb. - вонзить нож в кого-л.

    we tested the pie by sticking a fork into the crust - мы попробовали вилкой, готов ли пирог

    2) втыкаться, вонзаться

    the needle stuck in my finger - иголка воткнулась /вонзилась/ мне в палец

    3) колоть, укалывать

    to stick smb. with a needle - уколоть кого-л. иголкой

    2. (through) прокалывать, пронзать
    3. 1) закалывать, убивать

    to stick smb. with a bayonet - заколоть кого-л. штыком

    2) резать, забивать ( скот)
    4. разг. высовывать, выставлять (тж. stick out)

    to stick one's head [one's hand] out of the window - высунуть голову [руку] из окна

    5. разг.
    1) (обыкн. in) всовывать, совать, втыкать

    to stick a flower in one's hair [an orchid in one's buttonhole, a feather in a cap] - воткнуть цветок в волосы [орхидею в петлицу, перо в шляпу]

    to stick a hatchet [a revolver] in one's belt - заткнуть топорик [револьвер] за пояс

    don't stick your nose into other people's business - не суй нос в чужие дела

    2) торчать (тж. stick out, stick up)
    6. разг. засовывать, вставлять (тж. stick in)

    stick the cake in the oven - сунь /поставь/ пирог в духовку

    7. 1) утыкать, усыпать
    2) разг. заставлять, увешивать

    she stuck potted plants around the room - она заставила всю комнату горшками с цветами

    a coat stuck with badges - пиджак, увешанный значками

    8. разг. поставить, положить, бросить

    just stick it on the table [behind the couch] - бросьте это на стол [за диван]

    10. редк. собирать хворост (обыкн. to go sticking)
    11. с.-х. ставить подпорки ( растениям)
    12. полигр. вставлять в верстатку

    to stick one's heels in - а) противиться, не уступать; they wanted to move the school to new buildings, but parents and children stuck their heels in - школу хотели перевести в новое здание, но родители и дети заупрямились; hundreds of tenants are sticking their heels in over the new rent increases - сотни квартиросъёмщиков ведут упорную борьбу с новым повышением квартплаты; б) не отступать ни на шаг

    II
    1. [stık] n
    клейкость, липкость, прилипчивость
    2. [stık] v (stuck)
    I
    1. 1) наклеивать, приклеивать, прилеплять

    to stick a label on one's luggage [a notice on a wall, a stamp on a letter] - наклеить /налепить/ ярлык на багаж [объявление на стену, марку на конверт]

    to stick bills - расклеивать афиши /плакаты/

    to stick smth. together - склеивать что-л.

    the nickname the neighbours stuck on him - прозвище, которое ему дали соседи

    2) приклеиваться, склеиваться, слепляться; прилипать, липнуть

    these stamps have stuck (together) - марки склеились /слиплись/

    the paper sticks to my fingers - бумага прилипает к пальцам [ср. тж. ]

    the name [the nickname] stuck to her - это имя [прозвище] так и осталось за ней /прилипло к ней/

    3) крепко держаться
    4) приставать, привязываться (к кому-л.); становиться постоянным спутником

    to stick like a burr /like glue, like a limpet, like wax/ - ≅ пристать /привязаться/ как смола /как банный лист/

    2. 1) застревать; увязать
    2) останавливаться, застревать

    to stick in the mind /in the memory/ - засесть в памяти

    3) (at) разг. колебаться

    this man sticks at no principle - это беспринципный человек, для этого человека нет ничего святого

    3. 1) останавливать, задерживать

    we had been stuck there for a week by bad weather - плохая погода задержала нас там на неделю

    2) разг. торчать, застревать, оставаться (надолго)

    to stick fast - основательно /надолго/ застрять

    he stuck on the farm while his brothers travelled - он торчал /оставался/ на ферме, пока его братья путешествовали

    3) разг. залежаться ( о товаре)
    4. плохо, неисправно действовать, заедать

    the door [the gate, the lock] stuck - дверь [ворота, замок] заело

    5. разг. выносить; мириться (с кем-л., чем-л.)

    stick it! - терпи!, держись!

    6. разг.
    1) озадачивать, ставить в тупик
    2) становиться в тупик, испытывать затруднения
    7. разг.
    1) надувать, обманывать

    he had already been stuck several times by this man - этот человек его уже несколько раз надувал

    2) (with) обыкн. pass всучить, навязать

    I am stuck with this car - мне навязали эту машину (и теперь я с ней мыкаюсь)

    it's my face and I am stuck with it - это моё лицо, и другого мне не дадут

    now I am stuck with her - теперь я от неё не отвяжусь, вот навязалась на мою голову

    8. разг.
    1) вводить в расход, заставлять платить, «выставлять»

    he stuck his host for the cost of several long-distance calls - его хозяину пришлось заплатить за несколько его междугородных телефонных разговоров

    what do they stick you for a meal? - сколько они берут с вас за обед?

    2) брать непомерно высокую цену, сдирать
    II Б
    1. to stick to smth. не отвлекаться, не отклоняться от чего-л.

    stick to business! - не отвлекайтесь!

    stick to the point! - не отклоняйтесь!; ближе к делу!

    stick to the facts [to the original, to the text] - придерживайтесь фактов [оригинала, текста]

    flying is simple if you stick to the rules - пилотирование самолёта - дело простое, надо только соблюдать правила

    2. to stick to /with/ smth. придерживаться чего-л., быть верным чему-л.

    to stick to one's word [to one's promise] - крепко /твёрдо/ держать слово [обещание]

    he sticks to his story - а) он упорно повторяет одно и то же; б) он настаивает на том, что он сказал

    to stick to one's guns - воен. упорно /стойко/ обороняться [см. тж. ]

    3. to stick by /to/ smb. разг. стоять за кого-л.; быть верным кому-л.

    he stuck by his friend in his troubles - он остался верным другу, когда у того были неприятности

    he stuck to us through thick and thin - он оставался нам верным другом во всех испытаниях

    his wife has stuck by him in good times and bad - жена всегда поддерживала его - и в радости и в беде

    4. to stick at smth. упорно работать над чем-л.

    I stick at my painting five or six hours a day but nothing comes of it - я работаю над картиной пять-шесть часов в день, но у меня ничего не получается

    you can write the report in a week, but you'll need to stick at it - отчёт можно написать за неделю, но придётся не разгибать спины

    to be stuck on smb. - влюбиться в кого-л.

    to stick to the fingers - прилипать к рукам (о чужих деньгах и т. п.) [ср. тж. I 1, 2)]

    to stick in the same mire with smb. - ≅ быть связанным одной верёвочкой с кем-л.

    to stick to one's colours /to one's guns/ - стоять на своём, твёрдо проводить свою линию, до конца держаться своих убеждений [см. тж. II Б 2]

    to stick to one's last - заниматься только своим делом, не лезть не в своё дело

    to stick it on - а) запрашивать большую цену; б) преувеличивать, приукрашивать

    to stick in one's gizzard [in one's stomach, in one's throat] - приходиться не по вкусу кому-л., мешать /надоедать/ кому-л.; ≅ встать /стать/ поперёк горла

    to stick to the ribs см. rib 1

    НБАРС > stick

  • 25 DI

    Del verbo dar: ( conjugate dar) \ \
    di es: \ \
    1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo
    Del verbo decir: ( conjugate decir) \ \
    di es: \ \
    2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
    Multiple Entries: dar     decir     di
    dar ( conjugate dar) verbo transitivo 1 déme un kilo de peras can I have a kilo of pears?; See Also→ conocer verbo transitivo 3 b, entender verbo transitivo
    b)cartas/mano to give
    2
    a) (donar, regalar) ‹sangre/limosna to give;
    b) ( proporcionar) ‹fuerzas/valor/esperanza to give;
    información/idea to give 3
    a) (conferir, aportar) ‹sabor/color/forma to give
    b) ( aplicar) ‹mano de pintura/barniz to give
    c)sedante/masaje to give
    4 ( conceder) ‹prórroga/permiso to give; nos dieron un premio we won o got a prize 5
    a) (expresar, decir) ‹parecer/opinón to give;
    ¿le diste las gracias? did you thank him?, did you say thank you?;
    dales saludos give/send them my regards; tuve que dile la noticia I was the one who had to break the news to him
    b) (señalar, indicar): me da ocupado or (Esp) comunicando the line's busy o (BrE) engaged;
    1
    a) ( producir) ‹fruto/flor to bear;
    dividendos to pay;
    b) (AmL) ( alcanzar hasta):
    da 150 kilómetros por hora it can do o go 150 kilometres an hour;
    venía a todo lo que daba it was travelling at full speed; ponen la radio a todo lo que da they turn the radio on full blast 2 (causar, provocar) ‹placer/susto to give; ‹ problemas to cause; el calor le dio sueño/sed the heat made him sleepy/thirsty 1 ( presentar) ‹ concierto to give;
    ¿qué dan esta noche en la tele? what's on TV tonight? (colloq);
    ¿dónde están dando esa película? where's that film showing? 2
    a)fiesta/conferencia to give;
    baile/banquete to hold; ‹ discurso› (AmL) to make
    b) (CS) ‹ examen› to take o (BrE) sit;
    ver tb clase 4 ( realizar la accion que se indica) ‹ grito to give; dame un beso give me a kiss; ver tb golpe, paseo, vuelta, etc ( considerar) di algo/a algn por algo: ese tema lo doy por sabido I'm assuming you've already covered that topic; ¡dalo por hecho! consider it done! verbo intransitivo 1 [ventana/balcón] to look onto, give onto; [fachada/frente] to face 2 (ser suficiente, alcanzar) di para algo/algn to be enough for sth/sb; di de sí ‹zapatos/jersey to stretch 3 ( arrojar un resultado): ¿cuánto da la cuenta? what does it come to?; a mí me dio 247 I made it (to be) 247 4 ( importar): ¡qué más da! what does it matter!; ¿qué más da? what difference does it make?; me da igual I don't mind 5 ( en naipes) to deal 1
    a) (pegar, golpear): dile a algn to hit sb;
    ( como castigo) to smack sb; el balón dio en el poste the ball hit the post 2 (accionar, mover) dile a algo ‹a botón/tecla to press sth; ‹ a interruptor to flick sth; ‹a manivela/volante to turn sth 3 soluciónto hit upon, find; ‹ palabra to come up with 4 (hablando de manías, ocurrencias) dile a algn por hacer algo ‹por pintar/cocinar to take to doing sth;
    le ha dado por decir que … he's started saying that …
    5 [sol/luz]: la luz le daba de lleno en los ojos the light was shining right in his eyes darse verbo pronominal 1 ( producirse) [ frutaigo] to grow 2 ( presentarse) [oportunidad/ocasión] to arise 3 ( resultar) (+ me/te/le etc):
    a) ( refl) ( realizar lo que se indica) ‹ducha/banquete to have;
    dárselas de algo: se las da de valiente/de que sabe mucho he likes to make out he's brave/he knows a lot;
    dárselas de listo to act smart
    b) (golpearse, pegarse):
    se dieron contra un árbol they crashed into a tree; se dio di un golpe en la rodilla he hit his knee ( considerarse) dise por algo: ver tb aludir a, enterado 1
    decir 1 sustantivo masculino:
    ¿cientos de personas? — bueno, es un di hundreds of people? — well, figuratively speaking

    decir 2 ( conjugate decir) verbo transitivo 1
    a)palabra/frase/poema to say;
    mentira/verdad to tell; para ejemplos con complemento indirecto ver división 2 ¿eso lo dices por mí? are you referring to me?; ¡no lo dirás en serio! you can't be serious!; dijo que sí con la cabeza he nodded; no se dice `andé', se dice `anduve' it isn't `andé', it's `anduve'; ¡eso no se dice! you mustn't say that!; ¿cómo se dice `amor' en ruso? how do you say `love' in Russian?; ¿lo encontró? — dice que sí/no did he find it? — he says he did/he didn't
    b)
    2 dile algo a algn to tell sb sth;
    voy a dile a papá que … I'm going to tell Dad …;
    ¡ya te lo decía yo! I told you so! 3
    a) (expresando órdenes, deseos, advertencias):
    ¡porque lo digo yo! because I say so!;
    harás lo que yo diga you'll do as I say; dice que llames cuando llegues she says (you are) to phone when you get there; dijo que tuviéramos cuidado she said to be careful; diles que empiecen tell them to start; le dije que no lo hiciera I told him not to do it
    b)
    4
    a) (opinar, pensar) to think;
    ¡quién lo hubiera dicho! who would have thought o believed it?; es muy fácil — si tú lo dices … it's very easy — if you say so …
    b) (sugerir, comunicar):
    ¿te dice algo ese nombre? does that name mean anything to you? 5
    querer decir [palabra/persona] to mean;
    ¿qué quieres di con eso? what do you mean by that? 6 ( en locs) como quien dice so to speak; es decir that is; ¡he dicho! that's that o final!; ni que decir tiene que … it goes without saying that …; ¡no me digas! no!, you're kidding o joking! (colloq); por así decirlo so to speak; el qué dirán (fam) what other people (might) think; ver tb dicho 1
    verbo intransitivo
    papá — dime, hijo dad — yes, son?;
    quería pedirle un favor — usted dirá I wanted to ask you a favor — certainly, go ahead
    b) (Esp) ( al contestar el teléfono): ¿diga? or ¿dígame? hello?
    decirse verbo pronominal
    a) ( refl) to say … to oneself
    b) ( recípr) to say …. to each other;

    di see
    dar, decir

    dar
    I verbo transitivo
    1 to give: dame la mano, hold my hand
    2 (conceder) to give: mi padre me dio permiso, my father gave me permission
    le doy toda la razón, I think he is quite right
    3 (transmitir una noticia) to tell (un recado, recuerdos) to pass on, give
    dar las gracias, to thank
    4 (retransmitir u ofrecer un espectáculo) to show, put on
    5 (organizar una fiesta) to throw, give
    6 (producir lana, miel, etc) to produce, yield (fruto, flores) to bear (beneficio, interés) to give, yield
    7 (causar un dolor, malestar) dar dolor de cabeza, to give a headache (un sentimiento) dar pena, to make sad
    le da mucha vergüenza, he's very embarrassed
    8 (proporcionar) to provide: su empresa da trabajo a cincuenta personas, his factory gives work to fifty people
    9 (una conferencia, charla) to give (impartir clases) to teach (recibir una clase) to have US to take
    10 (presentir) me da (en la nariz/en el corazón) que eso va a salir bien, I have a feeling that everything is going to turn out well
    11 (estropear) to ruin: me dio la noche con sus ronquidos, he spoilt my sleep with his snoring
    12 (abrir el paso de la luz) to switch on (del gas, agua) to turn on
    13 (propinar una bofetada, un puntapié, etc) to hit, give
    14 (aplicar una mano de pintura, cera) to apply, put on (un masaje, medicamento) to give
    15 (considerar) dar por, to assume, consider: lo dieron por muerto, he was given up for dead
    ese dinero lo puedes dar por perdido, you can consider that money lost
    dar por supuesto/sabido, to take for granted, to assume
    16 (la hora, un reloj) to strike: aún no habían dado las ocho, it was not yet past eight o'clock
    17 (realizar la acción que implica el objeto) dar un abrazo/susto, to give a hug/fright
    dar un paseo, to go for a walk
    dar una voz, to give a shout
    II verbo intransitivo
    1 (sobrevenir) le dio un ataque de nervios, she had an attack of hysterics
    2 dar de comer/cenar, to provide with lunch/dinner 3 dar a, (mirar, estar orientado a) to look out onto, to overlook (una puerta) to open onto, lead to: esa puerta da al jardín, this door leads out onto the garden 4 dar con, (una persona, objeto) to come across: no fuimos capaces de dar con la contraseña, we couldn't come up with the password
    dimos con él, we found him 5 dar de sí, (una camiseta, bañador) to stretch, give 6 dar en, to hit: el sol me daba en los ojos, the sun was (shining) in my eyes 7 dar para, to be enough o sufficient for: ese dinero no me da para nada, this money isn't enough for me Locuciones: dar a alguien por: le dio por ponerse a cantar, she decided to start singing
    le dio por nadar, he got it into his head to go swimming
    dar a entender a alguien que..., to make sb understand that...
    dar la mano a alguien, to shake hands with sb
    dar para: el presupuesto no da para más, the budget will not stretch any further
    dar que hablar, to set people talking
    dar que pensar: el suceso dio que pensar, the incident gave people food for thought
    dar a conocer, (noticia) to release
    decir
    I m (dicho, sentencia) saying: es sólo un decir, it's just a manner of speaking
    II verbo transitivo
    1 to say: está diciendo una mentira/la verdad, she's telling a lie/the truth
    no dijo nada, he said nothing
    2 (con complemento indirecto) to tell: no le dije mi opinión, I didn't tell him my opinion
    les dijo que esperaran un rato, she told them to wait for a while
    3 (opinar, afirmar, proponer) ¿qué me dices de mi nuevo corte de pelo?, what do you think of my new haircut?, te digo que es una extravagancia, I think it's quite weird
    yo digo que vayamos a Cuenca, I suggest going to Cuenca
    4 (suscitar interés, una idea) to mean, appeal: ese libro no me dice nada, that book doesn't appeal to me
    ¿le dice algo esta cara?, does this face mean anything to you?
    5 (mostrar, indicar) to say, show: lo que hizo dice mucho en su favor, what he did says a lot for him
    su cara de decepción lo dice todo, his long face says it all Locuciones: Tel Esp diga o dígame, hello?
    digamos, let's say
    digo yo, in my opinion
    el qué dirán, what people will say
    es decir, that is (to say)
    ni que decir tiene, needless to say
    no decir esta boca es mía, not to say a word
    ¡no me digas!, really!
    por así decirlo, as it were o so to speak
    querer decir, to mean
    ¡y que lo digas!, you bet! ➣ Ver nota en mean ¿To tell o to say?
    Observa que to tell menciona a la persona a la cual va dirigida una frase: Dime tu nombre. Tell me your name. Les dijo que se fueran. He told them to go away.
    Por el contrario, to say se centra en el contenido del mensaje, sin importarnos a quién va dirigido: ¿Qué has dicho? What did you say? Dijo que sí. He said yes. ➣ Ver nota en tell.
    'di' also found in these entries: Spanish: A - cabezazo - cable - cierta - cierto - codazo - conferencia - costalada - empujón - hartazgo - menuda - menudo - olla - pasada - pasado - sopapo - soplamocos - torta - trompazo - bofetada - cera - crédito - cuanto - golpe - le - ocurrir - tope - total English: approximation - bang - bash - bump - cheese - coat - gone - him - into - realize - slam - slap - towards - wade through - nice - on - strike - to - track - treat - when - you
    N ABBR
    1) = Donor Insemination
    2) (Brit)
    (Police) = Detective Inspector

    English-spanish dictionary > DI

  • 26 Di

    Del verbo dar: ( conjugate dar) \ \
    di es: \ \
    1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo
    Del verbo decir: ( conjugate decir) \ \
    di es: \ \
    2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
    Multiple Entries: dar     decir     di
    dar ( conjugate dar) verbo transitivo 1 déme un kilo de peras can I have a kilo of pears?; See Also→ conocer verbo transitivo 3 b, entender verbo transitivo
    b)cartas/mano to give
    2
    a) (donar, regalar) ‹sangre/limosna to give;
    b) ( proporcionar) ‹fuerzas/valor/esperanza to give;
    información/idea to give 3
    a) (conferir, aportar) ‹sabor/color/forma to give
    b) ( aplicar) ‹mano de pintura/barniz to give
    c)sedante/masaje to give
    4 ( conceder) ‹prórroga/permiso to give; nos dieron un premio we won o got a prize 5
    a) (expresar, decir) ‹parecer/opinón to give;
    ¿le diste las gracias? did you thank him?, did you say thank you?;
    dales saludos give/send them my regards; tuve que dile la noticia I was the one who had to break the news to him
    b) (señalar, indicar): me da ocupado or (Esp) comunicando the line's busy o (BrE) engaged;
    1
    a) ( producir) ‹fruto/flor to bear;
    dividendos to pay;
    b) (AmL) ( alcanzar hasta):
    da 150 kilómetros por hora it can do o go 150 kilometres an hour;
    venía a todo lo que daba it was travelling at full speed; ponen la radio a todo lo que da they turn the radio on full blast 2 (causar, provocar) ‹placer/susto to give; ‹ problemas to cause; el calor le dio sueño/sed the heat made him sleepy/thirsty 1 ( presentar) ‹ concierto to give;
    ¿qué dan esta noche en la tele? what's on TV tonight? (colloq);
    ¿dónde están dando esa película? where's that film showing? 2
    a)fiesta/conferencia to give;
    baile/banquete to hold; ‹ discurso› (AmL) to make
    b) (CS) ‹ examen› to take o (BrE) sit;
    ver tb clase 4 ( realizar la accion que se indica) ‹ grito to give; dame un beso give me a kiss; ver tb golpe, paseo, vuelta, etc ( considerar) di algo/a algn por algo: ese tema lo doy por sabido I'm assuming you've already covered that topic; ¡dalo por hecho! consider it done! verbo intransitivo 1 [ventana/balcón] to look onto, give onto; [fachada/frente] to face 2 (ser suficiente, alcanzar) di para algo/algn to be enough for sth/sb; di de sí ‹zapatos/jersey to stretch 3 ( arrojar un resultado): ¿cuánto da la cuenta? what does it come to?; a mí me dio 247 I made it (to be) 247 4 ( importar): ¡qué más da! what does it matter!; ¿qué más da? what difference does it make?; me da igual I don't mind 5 ( en naipes) to deal 1
    a) (pegar, golpear): dile a algn to hit sb;
    ( como castigo) to smack sb; el balón dio en el poste the ball hit the post 2 (accionar, mover) dile a algo ‹a botón/tecla to press sth; ‹ a interruptor to flick sth; ‹a manivela/volante to turn sth 3 soluciónto hit upon, find; ‹ palabra to come up with 4 (hablando de manías, ocurrencias) dile a algn por hacer algo ‹por pintar/cocinar to take to doing sth;
    le ha dado por decir que … he's started saying that …
    5 [sol/luz]: la luz le daba de lleno en los ojos the light was shining right in his eyes darse verbo pronominal 1 ( producirse) [ frutaigo] to grow 2 ( presentarse) [oportunidad/ocasión] to arise 3 ( resultar) (+ me/te/le etc):
    a) ( refl) ( realizar lo que se indica) ‹ducha/banquete to have;
    dárselas de algo: se las da de valiente/de que sabe mucho he likes to make out he's brave/he knows a lot;
    dárselas de listo to act smart
    b) (golpearse, pegarse):
    se dieron contra un árbol they crashed into a tree; se dio di un golpe en la rodilla he hit his knee ( considerarse) dise por algo: ver tb aludir a, enterado 1
    decir 1 sustantivo masculino:
    ¿cientos de personas? — bueno, es un di hundreds of people? — well, figuratively speaking

    decir 2 ( conjugate decir) verbo transitivo 1
    a)palabra/frase/poema to say;
    mentira/verdad to tell; para ejemplos con complemento indirecto ver división 2 ¿eso lo dices por mí? are you referring to me?; ¡no lo dirás en serio! you can't be serious!; dijo que sí con la cabeza he nodded; no se dice `andé', se dice `anduve' it isn't `andé', it's `anduve'; ¡eso no se dice! you mustn't say that!; ¿cómo se dice `amor' en ruso? how do you say `love' in Russian?; ¿lo encontró? — dice que sí/no did he find it? — he says he did/he didn't
    b)
    2 dile algo a algn to tell sb sth;
    voy a dile a papá que … I'm going to tell Dad …;
    ¡ya te lo decía yo! I told you so! 3
    a) (expresando órdenes, deseos, advertencias):
    ¡porque lo digo yo! because I say so!;
    harás lo que yo diga you'll do as I say; dice que llames cuando llegues she says (you are) to phone when you get there; dijo que tuviéramos cuidado she said to be careful; diles que empiecen tell them to start; le dije que no lo hiciera I told him not to do it
    b)
    4
    a) (opinar, pensar) to think;
    ¡quién lo hubiera dicho! who would have thought o believed it?; es muy fácil — si tú lo dices … it's very easy — if you say so …
    b) (sugerir, comunicar):
    ¿te dice algo ese nombre? does that name mean anything to you? 5
    querer decir [palabra/persona] to mean;
    ¿qué quieres di con eso? what do you mean by that? 6 ( en locs) como quien dice so to speak; es decir that is; ¡he dicho! that's that o final!; ni que decir tiene que … it goes without saying that …; ¡no me digas! no!, you're kidding o joking! (colloq); por así decirlo so to speak; el qué dirán (fam) what other people (might) think; ver tb dicho 1
    verbo intransitivo
    papá — dime, hijo dad — yes, son?;
    quería pedirle un favor — usted dirá I wanted to ask you a favor — certainly, go ahead
    b) (Esp) ( al contestar el teléfono): ¿diga? or ¿dígame? hello?
    decirse verbo pronominal
    a) ( refl) to say … to oneself
    b) ( recípr) to say …. to each other;

    di see
    dar, decir

    dar
    I verbo transitivo
    1 to give: dame la mano, hold my hand
    2 (conceder) to give: mi padre me dio permiso, my father gave me permission
    le doy toda la razón, I think he is quite right
    3 (transmitir una noticia) to tell (un recado, recuerdos) to pass on, give
    dar las gracias, to thank
    4 (retransmitir u ofrecer un espectáculo) to show, put on
    5 (organizar una fiesta) to throw, give
    6 (producir lana, miel, etc) to produce, yield (fruto, flores) to bear (beneficio, interés) to give, yield
    7 (causar un dolor, malestar) dar dolor de cabeza, to give a headache (un sentimiento) dar pena, to make sad
    le da mucha vergüenza, he's very embarrassed
    8 (proporcionar) to provide: su empresa da trabajo a cincuenta personas, his factory gives work to fifty people
    9 (una conferencia, charla) to give (impartir clases) to teach (recibir una clase) to have US to take
    10 (presentir) me da (en la nariz/en el corazón) que eso va a salir bien, I have a feeling that everything is going to turn out well
    11 (estropear) to ruin: me dio la noche con sus ronquidos, he spoilt my sleep with his snoring
    12 (abrir el paso de la luz) to switch on (del gas, agua) to turn on
    13 (propinar una bofetada, un puntapié, etc) to hit, give
    14 (aplicar una mano de pintura, cera) to apply, put on (un masaje, medicamento) to give
    15 (considerar) dar por, to assume, consider: lo dieron por muerto, he was given up for dead
    ese dinero lo puedes dar por perdido, you can consider that money lost
    dar por supuesto/sabido, to take for granted, to assume
    16 (la hora, un reloj) to strike: aún no habían dado las ocho, it was not yet past eight o'clock
    17 (realizar la acción que implica el objeto) dar un abrazo/susto, to give a hug/fright
    dar un paseo, to go for a walk
    dar una voz, to give a shout
    II verbo intransitivo
    1 (sobrevenir) le dio un ataque de nervios, she had an attack of hysterics
    2 dar de comer/cenar, to provide with lunch/dinner 3 dar a, (mirar, estar orientado a) to look out onto, to overlook (una puerta) to open onto, lead to: esa puerta da al jardín, this door leads out onto the garden 4 dar con, (una persona, objeto) to come across: no fuimos capaces de dar con la contraseña, we couldn't come up with the password
    dimos con él, we found him 5 dar de sí, (una camiseta, bañador) to stretch, give 6 dar en, to hit: el sol me daba en los ojos, the sun was (shining) in my eyes 7 dar para, to be enough o sufficient for: ese dinero no me da para nada, this money isn't enough for me Locuciones: dar a alguien por: le dio por ponerse a cantar, she decided to start singing
    le dio por nadar, he got it into his head to go swimming
    dar a entender a alguien que..., to make sb understand that...
    dar la mano a alguien, to shake hands with sb
    dar para: el presupuesto no da para más, the budget will not stretch any further
    dar que hablar, to set people talking
    dar que pensar: el suceso dio que pensar, the incident gave people food for thought
    dar a conocer, (noticia) to release
    decir
    I m (dicho, sentencia) saying: es sólo un decir, it's just a manner of speaking
    II verbo transitivo
    1 to say: está diciendo una mentira/la verdad, she's telling a lie/the truth
    no dijo nada, he said nothing
    2 (con complemento indirecto) to tell: no le dije mi opinión, I didn't tell him my opinion
    les dijo que esperaran un rato, she told them to wait for a while
    3 (opinar, afirmar, proponer) ¿qué me dices de mi nuevo corte de pelo?, what do you think of my new haircut?, te digo que es una extravagancia, I think it's quite weird
    yo digo que vayamos a Cuenca, I suggest going to Cuenca
    4 (suscitar interés, una idea) to mean, appeal: ese libro no me dice nada, that book doesn't appeal to me
    ¿le dice algo esta cara?, does this face mean anything to you?
    5 (mostrar, indicar) to say, show: lo que hizo dice mucho en su favor, what he did says a lot for him
    su cara de decepción lo dice todo, his long face says it all Locuciones: Tel Esp diga o dígame, hello?
    digamos, let's say
    digo yo, in my opinion
    el qué dirán, what people will say
    es decir, that is (to say)
    ni que decir tiene, needless to say
    no decir esta boca es mía, not to say a word
    ¡no me digas!, really!
    por así decirlo, as it were o so to speak
    querer decir, to mean
    ¡y que lo digas!, you bet! ➣ Ver nota en mean ¿To tell o to say?
    Observa que to tell menciona a la persona a la cual va dirigida una frase: Dime tu nombre. Tell me your name. Les dijo que se fueran. He told them to go away.
    Por el contrario, to say se centra en el contenido del mensaje, sin importarnos a quién va dirigido: ¿Qué has dicho? What did you say? Dijo que sí. He said yes. ➣ Ver nota en tell.
    'di' also found in these entries: Spanish: A - cabezazo - cable - cierta - cierto - codazo - conferencia - costalada - empujón - hartazgo - menuda - menudo - olla - pasada - pasado - sopapo - soplamocos - torta - trompazo - bofetada - cera - crédito - cuanto - golpe - le - ocurrir - tope - total English: approximation - bang - bash - bump - cheese - coat - gone - him - into - realize - slam - slap - towards - wade through - nice - on - strike - to - track - treat - when - you
    [daɪ]
    N (familiar form) of Diana

    English-spanish dictionary > Di

  • 27 di

    di
    1→ link=dar dar
    1→ link=decir decir
    * * *
    * * *
    * * *
    di see
    dar, decir2 (↑ decir (2))
    * * *

    Del verbo dar: ( conjugate dar)

    di es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo

    Del verbo decir: ( conjugate decir)

    di es:

    2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    dar    
    decir    
    di
    dar ( conjugate dar) verbo transitivo
    1


    déme un kilo de peras can I have a kilo of pears?;
    See Also→ conocer verbo transitivo 3 b, entender verbo transitivo
    b)cartas/mano to give

    2
    a) (donar, regalar) ‹sangre/limosna to give;


    b) ( proporcionar) ‹fuerzas/valor/esperanza to give;

    información/idea to give
    3
    a) (conferir, aportar) ‹sabor/color/forma to give

    b) ( aplicar) ‹mano de pintura/barniz to give

    c)sedante/masaje to give

    4 ( conceder) ‹prórroga/permiso to give;

    nos dieron un premio we won o got a prize
    5
    a) (expresar, decir) ‹parecer/opinón to give;

    ¿le diste las gracias? did you thank him?, did you say thank you?;

    dales saludos give/send them my regards;
    tuve que dile la noticia I was the one who had to break the news to him
    b) (señalar, indicar): me da ocupado or (Esp) comunicando the line's busy o (BrE) engaged;


    1
    a) ( producir) ‹fruto/flor to bear;

    dividendos to pay;

    b) (AmL) ( alcanzar hasta):

    da 150 kilómetros por hora it can do o go 150 kilometres an hour;

    venía a todo lo que daba it was travelling at full speed;
    ponen la radio a todo lo que da they turn the radio on full blast
    2 (causar, provocar) ‹placer/susto to give;
    problemas to cause;

    el calor le dio sueño/sed the heat made him sleepy/thirsty
    1 ( presentar) ‹ concierto to give;
    ¿qué dan esta noche en la tele? what's on TV tonight? (colloq);

    ¿dónde están dando esa película? where's that film showing?
    2
    a)fiesta/conferencia to give;

    baile/banquete to hold;
    discurso› (AmL) to make
    b) (CS) ‹ examen› to take o (BrE) sit;

    ver tb clase 4
    ( realizar la accion que se indica) ‹ grito to give;

    dame un beso give me a kiss;
    ver tb golpe, paseo, vuelta, etc
    ( considerar) di algo/a algn por algo:

    ese tema lo doy por sabido I'm assuming you've already covered that topic;
    ¡dalo por hecho! consider it done!
    verbo intransitivo
    1


    [ventana/balcón] to look onto, give onto;
    [fachada/frente] to face
    2 (ser suficiente, alcanzar) di para algo/algn to be enough for sth/sb;

    di de sí ‹zapatos/jersey to stretch
    3 ( arrojar un resultado):

    ¿cuánto da la cuenta? what does it come to?;
    a mí me dio 247 I made it (to be) 247
    4 ( importar):

    ¡qué más da! what does it matter!;
    ¿qué más da? what difference does it make?;
    me da igual I don't mind
    5 ( en naipes) to deal
    1
    a) (pegar, golpear): dile a algn to hit sb;

    ( como castigo) to smack sb;

    el balón dio en el poste the ball hit the post


    2 (accionar, mover) dile a algo ‹a botón/tecla to press sth;
    a interruptor to flick sth;
    a manivela/volante to turn sth
    3


    soluciónto hit upon, find;
    palabra to come up with
    4 (hablando de manías, ocurrencias) dile a algn por hacer algo ‹por pintar/cocinar to take to doing sth;
    le ha dado por decir que … he's started saying that …

    5 [sol/luz]:

    la luz le daba de lleno en los ojos the light was shining right in his eyes
    darse verbo pronominal
    1 ( producirse) [fruta/trigo] to grow
    2 ( presentarse) [oportunidad/ocasión] to arise
    3 ( resultar) (+ me/te/le etc):

    a) ( refl) ( realizar lo que se indica) ‹ducha/banquete to have;

    dárselas de algo: se las da de valiente/de que sabe mucho he likes to make out he's brave/he knows a lot;

    dárselas de listo to act smart
    b) (golpearse, pegarse):


    se dieron contra un árbol they crashed into a tree;
    se dio di un golpe en la rodilla he hit his knee
    ( considerarse) dise por algo:

    ver tb aludir a, enterado 1
    decir 1 sustantivo masculino:
    ¿cientos de personas? — bueno, es un di hundreds of people? — well, figuratively speaking

    decir 2 ( conjugate decir) verbo transitivo
    1
    a)palabra/frase/poema to say;

    mentira/verdad to tell;
    para ejemplos con complemento indirecto ver división 2

    ¿eso lo dices por mí? are you referring to me?;
    ¡no lo dirás en serio! you can't be serious!;
    dijo que sí con la cabeza he nodded;
    no se dice `andé', se dice `anduve' it isn't `andé', it's `anduve';
    ¡eso no se dice! you mustn't say that!;
    ¿cómo se dice `amor' en ruso? how do you say `love' in Russian?;
    ¿lo encontró? — dice que sí/no did he find it? — he says he did/he didn't
    b)


    2 dile algo a algn to tell sb sth;
    voy a dile a papá que … I'm going to tell Dad …;

    ¡ya te lo decía yo! I told you so!
    3
    a) (expresando órdenes, deseos, advertencias):

    ¡porque lo digo yo! because I say so!;

    harás lo que yo diga you'll do as I say;
    dice que llames cuando llegues she says (you are) to phone when you get there;
    dijo que tuviéramos cuidado she said to be careful;
    diles que empiecen tell them to start;
    le dije que no lo hiciera I told him not to do it
    b)


    4
    a) (opinar, pensar) to think;


    ¡quién lo hubiera dicho! who would have thought o believed it?;
    es muy fácil — si tú lo dices … it's very easy — if you say so …
    b) (sugerir, comunicar):


    ¿te dice algo ese nombre? does that name mean anything to you?
    5
    querer decir [palabra/persona] to mean;

    ¿qué quieres di con eso? what do you mean by that?
    6 ( en locs)

    como quien dice so to speak;
    es decir that is;
    ¡he dicho! that's that o final!;
    ni que decir tiene que … it goes without saying that …;
    ¡no me digas! no!, you're kidding o joking! (colloq);
    por así decirlo so to speak;
    el qué dirán (fam) what other people (might) think;
    ver tb dicho 1
    verbo intransitivo

    papá — dime, hijo dad — yes, son?;

    quería pedirle un favorusted dirá I wanted to ask you a favor — certainly, go ahead
    b) (Esp) ( al contestar el teléfono): ¿diga? or ¿dígame? hello?

    decirse verbo pronominal
    a) ( refl) to say … to oneself

    b) ( recípr) to say …. to each other;


    di see
    dar, decir

    dar
    I verbo transitivo
    1 to give: dame la mano, hold my hand
    2 (conceder) to give: mi padre me dio permiso, my father gave me permission
    le doy toda la razón, I think he is quite right
    3 (transmitir una noticia) to tell
    (un recado, recuerdos) to pass on, give
    dar las gracias, to thank
    4 (retransmitir u ofrecer un espectáculo) to show, put on
    5 (organizar una fiesta) to throw, give
    6 (producir lana, miel, etc) to produce, yield
    (fruto, flores) to bear
    (beneficio, interés) to give, yield
    7 (causar un dolor, malestar) dar dolor de cabeza, to give a headache
    (un sentimiento) dar pena, to make sad
    le da mucha vergüenza, he's very embarrassed
    8 (proporcionar) to provide: su empresa da trabajo a cincuenta personas, his factory gives work to fifty people
    9 (una conferencia, charla) to give
    (impartir clases) to teach
    (recibir una clase) to have
    US to take
    10 (presentir) me da (en la nariz/en el corazón) que eso va a salir bien, I have a feeling that everything is going to turn out well
    11 (estropear) to ruin: me dio la noche con sus ronquidos, he spoilt my sleep with his snoring
    12 (abrir el paso de la luz) to switch on
    (del gas, agua) to turn on
    13 (propinar una bofetada, un puntapié, etc) to hit, give
    14 (aplicar una mano de pintura, cera) to apply, put on
    (un masaje, medicamento) to give
    15 (considerar) dar por, to assume, consider: lo dieron por muerto, he was given up for dead
    ese dinero lo puedes dar por perdido, you can consider that money lost
    dar por supuesto/sabido, to take for granted, to assume
    16 (la hora, un reloj) to strike: aún no habían dado las ocho, it was not yet past eight o'clock
    17 (realizar la acción que implica el objeto) dar un abrazo/susto, to give a hug/fright
    dar un paseo, to go for a walk
    dar una voz, to give a shout
    II verbo intransitivo
    1 (sobrevenir) le dio un ataque de nervios, she had an attack of hysterics
    2 dar de comer/cenar, to provide with lunch/dinner 3 dar a, (mirar, estar orientado a) to look out onto, to overlook
    (una puerta) to open onto, lead to: esa puerta da al jardín, this door leads out onto the garden 4 dar con, (una persona, objeto) to come across: no fuimos capaces de dar con la contraseña, we couldn't come up with the password
    dimos con él, we found him 5 dar de sí, (una camiseta, bañador) to stretch, give 6 dar en, to hit: el sol me daba en los ojos, the sun was (shining) in my eyes 7 dar para, to be enough o sufficient for: ese dinero no me da para nada, this money isn't enough for me
    ♦ Locuciones: dar a alguien por: le dio por ponerse a cantar, she decided to start singing
    le dio por nadar, he got it into his head to go swimming
    dar a entender a alguien que..., to make sb understand that...
    dar la mano a alguien, to shake hands with sb
    dar para: el presupuesto no da para más, the budget will not stretch any further
    dar que hablar, to set people talking
    dar que pensar: el suceso dio que pensar, the incident gave people food for thought
    dar a conocer, (noticia) to release
    decir
    I m (dicho, sentencia) saying: es sólo un decir, it's just a manner of speaking
    II verbo transitivo
    1 to say: está diciendo una mentira/la verdad, she's telling a lie/the truth
    no dijo nada, he said nothing
    2 (con complemento indirecto) to tell: no le dije mi opinión, I didn't tell him my opinion
    les dijo que esperaran un rato, she told them to wait for a while
    3 (opinar, afirmar, proponer) ¿qué me dices de mi nuevo corte de pelo?, what do you think of my new haircut?, te digo que es una extravagancia, I think it's quite weird
    yo digo que vayamos a Cuenca, I suggest going to Cuenca
    4 (suscitar interés, una idea) to mean, appeal: ese libro no me dice nada, that book doesn't appeal to me
    ¿le dice algo esta cara?, does this face mean anything to you?
    5 (mostrar, indicar) to say, show: lo que hizo dice mucho en su favor, what he did says a lot for him
    su cara de decepción lo dice todo, his long face says it all
    ♦ Locuciones: Tel Esp diga o dígame, hello?
    digamos, let's say
    digo yo, in my opinion
    el qué dirán, what people will say
    es decir, that is (to say)
    ni que decir tiene, needless to say
    no decir esta boca es mía, not to say a word
    ¡no me digas!, really!
    por así decirlo, as it were o so to speak
    querer decir, to mean
    ¡y que lo digas!, you bet! ➣ Ver nota en mean
    ¿To tell
    o to say?
    Observa que to tell menciona a la persona a la cual va dirigida una frase: Dime tu nombre. Tell me your name. Les dijo que se fueran. He told them to go away.
    Por el contrario, to say se centra en el contenido del mensaje, sin importarnos a quién va dirigido: ¿Qué has dicho? What did you say? Dijo que sí. He said yes. ➣ Ver nota en tell.

    'di' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    A
    - cabezazo
    - cable
    - cierta
    - cierto
    - codazo
    - conferencia
    - costalada
    - empujón
    - hartazgo
    - menuda
    - menudo
    - olla
    - pasada
    - pasado
    - sopapo
    - soplamocos
    - torta
    - trompazo
    - bofetada
    - cera
    - crédito
    - cuanto
    - golpe
    - le
    - ocurrir
    - tope
    - total
    English:
    approximation
    - bang
    - bash
    - bump
    - cheese
    - coat
    - gone
    - him
    - into
    - realize
    - slam
    - slap
    - towards
    - wade through
    - nice
    - on
    - strike
    - to
    - track
    - treat
    - when
    - you
    * * *
    di
    1. ver dar
    * * *
    di
    vbdar
    * * *

    Spanish-English dictionary > di

  • 28 stretch

    [stretʃ] n <pl - es>
    ( elasticity) Dehnbarkeit f; of fabric Elastizität f
    2) ( muscle extension) Dehnungsübungen fpl, Strecken nt kein pl, ( gymnastic exercise) Stretching nt kein pl, ( extension of muscles) Dehnung f;
    to have a \stretch sich akk [recken und] strecken
    3) ( an extended area) Stück nt; ( section of road) Streckenabschnitt m, Wegstrecke f;
    traffic is at a standstill along a five-mile \stretch of the M11 auf der M11 gibt es einen fünf Meilen langen Stau;
    \stretch of coast Küstenabschnitt m;
    \stretch of land Stück nt Land;
    \stretch of railway Bahnstrecke f;
    \stretch of road Strecke f;
    vast \stretches of wasteland ausgedehnte Flächen Ödland;
    \stretch of water Wasserfläche f
    4) sports ( stage of a race) Abschnitt m;
    to enter the final \stretch in die Zielgerade einlaufen;
    the home \stretch die Zielgerade;
    the last \stretch of an election campaign ( fig) die [letzte] heiße Phase eines Wahlkampfs
    5) (Am) ( straight part of a race track) Gerade f
    6) ( period of time) Zeitraum m, Zeitspanne f; ( time in jail) Knastzeit f ( fam)
    short \stretches kurze Zeitabschnitte;
    at a \stretch am Stück, ohne Unterbrechung;
    there's no way I could work for ten hours at a \stretch ich könnte nie zehn Stunden am Stück arbeiten;
    to do a \stretch eine Haftstrafe absitzen ( fam)
    7) ( exertion) Bemühung f, Einsatz m;
    by every \stretch of the imagination unter Aufbietung aller Fantasie;
    not by any [or by no] \stretch beim besten Willen nicht, nie im Leben ( fam)
    by no \stretch of the imagination could he be seriously described as an artist man konnte ihn beim besten Willen nicht als Künstler bezeichnen;
    at full \stretch mit Volldampf [o voller Kraft] ( fam)
    to work at full \stretch auf Hochtouren arbeiten
    PHRASES:
    down the \stretch (Am) kurz vor Ablauf der Zeit adj
    attr, inv Stretch-;
    \stretch nylon stockings elastische Nylonstrümpfe vi
    1) (become longer, wider) rubber, elastic sich akk dehnen; clothes weiter werden;
    my T-shirt's \stretched in the wash mein T-Shirt ist beim Waschen völlig ausgeleiert
    2) ( extend the muscles) Dehnungsübungen machen, sich akk recken [und strecken]
    3) ( take time) sich akk hinziehen;
    the restoration work could \stretch from months into years die Renovierungsarbeiten könnten sich statt über Monate sogar noch über Jahre hinziehen;
    the dispute \stretches back over many years diese Streitereien dauern nun schon viele Jahre;
    this ancient tradition \stretches back hundreds of years diese alte Tradition reicht Hunderte von Jahren zurück
    4) ( cover an area) sich akk erstrecken;
    the refugee camps \stretch as far as the eye can see so weit das Auge reicht sieht man Flüchtlingslager;
    the mountains \stretch the entire length of the country die Berge ziehen sich über die gesamte Länge des Landes hin vt
    1) ( extend)
    to \stretch sth etw [aus]dehnen [o strecken]; ( extend by pulling) etw dehnen;
    ( tighten) etw straff ziehen [o straffen];
    that elastic band will snap if you \stretch it too far dieses Gummi[band] wird reißen, wenn du es überdehnst;
    they \stretched a rope across the river sie spannten ein Seil über den Fluss;
    to \stretch one's legs sich dat die Beine vertreten
    to \stretch sth etw strecken; sauce, soup etw verlängern
    to \stretch sb/ sth jdn/etw bis zum Äußersten fordern;
    we're already fully \stretched wir sind schon voll ausgelastet;
    my job doesn't \stretch me as much as I'd like mein Beruf fordert mich nicht so, wie ich es mir wünschen würde;
    to \stretch sb's budget jds Budget nt strapazieren;
    to \stretch sb's patience jds Geduld f auf eine harte Probe stellen [o ( geh) strapazieren];
    to \stretch sth to breaking point etw bis zum Äußersten belasten;
    many families' budgets are already \stretched to breaking point viele Familien kommen mit dem Haushaltsgeld kaum noch über die Runden
    to \stretch one's lead seinen Vorsprung ausbauen; football, rugby mit noch mehr Toren in Führung gehen
    5) ( go beyond)
    to \stretch sth über etw akk hinausgehen;
    that is \stretching the definition of negotiation das hat mit dem, was man unter einer Verhandlung versteht, nichts mehr zu tun;
    to \stretch a point [or the rules] ausnahmsweise ein Auge zudrücken ( fam)
    to \stretch a point ( exaggerate) übertreiben;
    to \stretch it a bit [or the truth] ein wenig zu weit gehen, übertreiben

    English-German students dictionary > stretch

  • 29 πᾶς

    πᾱς (πᾶς, παντί, πάντα), πάντες, πάντων, πάντας; πᾶσα, -ας, -αν, -αι, -ᾶν, -αιςι), -ας; πάν, παντός, παντί, πάν αμπ; πᾶν, πάντα, πάντων, πᾶσιν), πάντα): the form πᾶν is rejected altogether by Schr., Proll., p. 23, but retained by Snell, I. 4.48, fr. 122. 9 ?. The α is guaranteed short O. 2.85, but long I. 4.48, where however a digamma follows: v. Radt on Pa. 6. 180.)
    1 (the) whole (of); all the
    a preceded by art.

    ὁ πᾶς χρόνος P. 1.46

    pro subs., πολλά μοι ὑπ' ἀγκῶνος ὠκέα βέλη ἔνδον ἐντὶ φαρέτρας φωνάεντα συνετοῖσιν· ἐς δὲ τὸ πὰν ἑρμανέων χατίζει (Beck: πᾶν codd.:? on the whole) O. 2.85 τί θεός; τὸ πάν (Schr.: πᾶν codd.) fr. 140d.
    b without art. οὐδ' ἔλαθ Αἴπυτον ἐν παντὶ χρόνῳ κλέπτοισα θεοῖο γόνον in this whole time O. 6.36

    ἔλσαις ὅλον τε στρατὸν λᾴαν τε πᾶσαν O. 10.44

    ἀείδετο δὲ πὰν τέμενος (Schr.: πᾶν codd.) O. 10.76

    δεῖξέν τε πᾶσαν τελευτὰν πράγματος O. 13.75

    καὶ πᾶσαν κάτα Ἑλλάδ O. 13.112

    πάντα λόγον θέμενος σπουδαῖον παρεκοινᾶθ P. 4.132

    εἰμὶ δ' ἄσχολος ἀναθέμεν πᾶσαν μακραγορίαν P. 8.30

    κεῖνος αἰνεῖν καὶ τὸν ἐχθρὸν παντὶ θυμῷ ἔννεπεν P. 9.96

    ὁ δέ οἱ φράζε καὶ παντὶ στρατῷ N. 1.61

    πολλὰ γάρ μιν παντὶ θυμῷ παρφαμένα λιτάνευεν N. 5.31

    [ πᾶσα πόλις (sic interp. Σ.) N. 5.47]

    εἰ δ' ἀρετᾷ κατάκειται πᾶσαν ὀργάν, ἀμφότερον δαπάναις τε καὶ πόνοις I. 1.41

    πλαγίαις δὲ φρέ-

    νεσσιν οὐχ ὁμῶς πάντα χρόνον θάλλων ὁμιλεῖ I. 3.6

    χρὴ παντὶ λαῷ δεικνύναι fr. 42. 4. “Ἴλιον πᾶσάν νιν ἐπὶ π[έδον] κατερεῖψαι Πα. 8A. 22.
    2 all, every
    a adj.

    ἀρετᾶν ἄπο πασᾶν O. 1.13

    αὐτὰ δέ σφισιν ὤπασε τέχναν πᾶσαν O. 7.51

    ἔα πόλεμον μάχαν τε πᾶσαν χωρὶς ἀθανάτων O. 9.40

    ἔργων πρὸ πάντων O. 10.23

    ἀλλὰ πάντων ταμίαι ἔργων ἐν οὐρανῷ O. 14.9

    ἐκ θεῶν γὰρ μαχαναὶ πᾶσαι P. 1.41

    σε ποτὶ πάντα λόγον ἐπαινεῖν P. 2.66

    ἐν πάντα δὲ νόμον εὐθύγλωσσος ἀνὴρ προφέρει P. 2.86

    ἀγρούς τε πάνταςP. 4.149

    πράγματι παντὶ P. 4.278

    πάσαισι γὰρ πολίεσι P. 7.9

    τέλος οἶσθα καὶ πάσας κελεύθουςP. 9.45

    ἔν τε καὶ πᾶσιν ἐπιχωρίοις P. 9.102

    γόνον τέ οἱ φέρτατον ἀτίταλλεν ἐν ἀρμένοισι πᾶσι θυμὸν αὔξων (Mingarelli: πάντα codd., fort. recte) N. 3.58

    ἀλλ' ἐπὶ πάσας ὁλκάδος ἔν τ ἀκάτῳ, γλυκεἶ ἀοιδά, στεῖχ ἀπ Αἰγίνας N. 5.2

    πότμος δὲ κρίνει συγγενὴς ἔργων πέρι πάντων N. 5.41

    χαίρω δ' ὅτι ἐσλοῖσι μάρναται πέρι πᾶσα πόλις (contra Σ, πᾶσα ἡ πόλις) N. 5.47

    ἀλλὰ γὰρ ἀνάπαυσις ἐν παντὶ γλυκεῖα ἔργῳ N. 7.52

    βίαια πάντ' ἐκ ποδὸς ἐρύσαις N. 7.67

    πὰν δὲ τέλος ἐν τὶν ἔργων (Schr.: πᾶν codd.) N. 10.29

    κείνου γὰρ ἐπιχθονίων πάντων γένετ' ὀξύτατον ὄμμα N. 10.62

    δένδρεά τ' οὐκ ἐθέλει πάσαις ἐπέων περόδοις ἄνθος εὐῶδες φέρειν N. 11.40

    γαστρὶ δὲ πᾶς τις ἀμύνων λιμὸν αἰανῆ πέταται I. 1.49

    καὶ θεῶν δαῖτας προσέπτυκτο πάσας I. 2.39

    ἄλλοτε δ' ἀλλοῖος οὖρος πάντας ἀνθρώπους ἐπαίσσων ἐλαύνει I. 4.6

    ἐπέψαυσαν κατὰ πὰν τέλος (Schr.: πᾶν codd.) I. 4.11

    γαίας τε πάσας καὶ βαθύκρημνον πολιᾶς ἁλὸς ἐξευρὼν θέναρ I. 4.55

    ἐμοὶ δὲ μακρὸν πάσας ἀναγήσασθ' ἀρετάς I. 6.56

    τὸ δὲ πρὸ ποδὸς ἄρειον ἀεὶ βλέπειν χρῆμα πάν (Schr.: πᾶν codd.) I. 8.14 Χάρισι πάσαι[ς fr. 6e. ἄνακτα τὸν πάντων ὑπερβάλλοντα Χρόνον μακάρων fr. 33. “ πάσαις πολίεσσιν ὁμίλει” fr. 43. 3.

    κατὰ πᾶσαν ὁδὸν Pae. 4.6

    ὁ πάντα τοι τά τε καὶ τὰ τεύχων Pae. 6.132

    τὸ πάντων ἔργων ἱερώτ[ατον Pae. 8.74

    ]α πᾶσαι[ ἀ]μφίπολ[οι] Κεφ[αλ]λαν[ Pae. 20.18

    παντὶ δ' ἐπὶ φθόνος ἀνδρὶ κεῖται ἀρετᾶς Παρθ. 1.. προβάτων γὰρ ἐκ πάντων κελάρυξεν θηλᾶν γάλα *fr. 104b. 1.* πάντες ἴσᾳ νέομεν ψευδῆ πρὸς ἀκτάν fr. 124. 7. add. adj., διείργει δὲ πᾶσα κεκριμένα δύναμις their completely disparate power N. 6.2 ἢ γυναικείῳ θράσει ψυχρὰν φορεῖται πᾶσαν ὁδὸν θεραπεύων fr. 123. 9. pr. adj., in full, to the full,

    σὺν γὰρ ὑμῖν τά τε τερπνὰ καὶ τὰ γλυκἔ ἄνεται πάντα βροτοῖς O. 14.6

    πᾶσαν εὐφροσύναν τάνυεν P. 4.129

    ἀλλ' Ὅμηρός τοι τετίμακεν δἰ ἀνθρώπων, ὃς αὐτοῦ πᾶσαν ὀρθώσαις ἀρετὰν κατὰ ῥάβδον ἔφρασεν I. 4.38

    b subs., everyone, everything

    Χρόνος ὁ πάντων πατὴρ O. 2.17

    πόσις ὁ πάντων Ῥέας ὑπέρτατον ἐχοίσας θρόνον O. 2.77

    χρὴ δὲ κατ' αὐτὸν αἰεὶ παντὸς ὁρᾶν μέτρον P. 2.34

    σαίνων ποτὶ πάντας P. 2.82

    πάντα ἰσάντι νόῳ P. 3.29

    λέξατο πάντας ἐπαινήσαις Ἰάσων P. 4.189

    παντὶ μὲν θεὸν αἴτιον ὑπερτιθέμεν P. 5.25

    κύριον ὃς πάντων τέλος οἶσθαP. 9.44

    ὁ δὲ καιρὸς ὁμοίως παντὸς ἔχει κορυφάν P. 9.79

    τὸ γὰρ οἰκεῖον πιέζει πάνθ' ὁμῶς N. 1.53

    τὸ δὲ πὰρ ποδὶ ναὸς ἑλισσόμενον αἰεὶ κυμάτων λέγεται παντὶ μάλιστα δονεῖν θυμόν N. 6.56

    φαῖμέν κε γείτον' ἔμμεναι χάρμα πάντων ἐπάξιον N. 7.88

    βραχύ μοι στόμα πάντ' ἀναγήσασθ, ὅσων Ἀργεῖον ἔχει τέμενος μοῖραν ἐσλῶν N. 10.19

    πάντων δὲ νοεῖς ἀποδάσσασθαι ἴσον N. 10.86

    πάντα δ' ἐξειπεῖν ὅσ ἀγώνιος Ἑρμᾶς Ἡροδότῳ ἔπορεν ἵπποις I. 1.60

    χρὴ δὲ πᾶν ἔρδοντ' ἀμαυρῶσαι τὸν ἐχθρόν ( πὰν Schr.) I. 4.48

    πάντ' ἔχεις I. 5.14

    Ζεὺς ὁ πάντων κύριος I. 5.53

    ἀλλὰ παρθένοι γάρ, ἴσθ' ὅτι, Μοῖσαι, πάντα Pae. 6.55

    ]παντα σφιν ἐφρα[ς Pae. 8.86

    ὀλοφύρομαι οὐδέν, ὅ τι πάντων μέτα πείσομαι Pae. 9.21

    σὺν δ ἀνάγκᾳ πὰν καλόν (Schr.: πᾶν codd. Athenaei) fr. 122. 9. σῶμα μὲν πάντων ἕπεται θανάτῳ fr. 131b. 1. θεὸς ὁ πάντα τεύχων βροτοῖς ( τὰ πάντα v. l.) fr. 141. Νόμος ὁ πάντων βασιλεὺς θνατῶν τε καὶ ἀθανάτων fr. 169. 1. πάντα θύειν ἑκατόν make all sacrifices in hundreds fr. 170. add. gen.

    τὸ δ' αἰεὶ παράμερον ἐσλὸν ὕπατον ἔρχεται παντὶ βροτῶν O. 1.100

    3 fragg. & dub. [ ὀργαῖς πάσαις (codd. contra metr.: ἄρχεις Bowra, alii alia) P. 6.50] [ νωμᾶ πάσαις (codd. contra metr.: νεῖμ' ἁπάσαις Hermann) I. 2.22] στεφα]νοισι παν[ (v. l. νιν ap. Σ.) Πα.. 1. ]τι πᾳντᾳ[ Δ. 4. c. 4. πάντ' ἐπ οἶμον *fr. 107a. 6*. πάντων γὰρ ὑπέρβιος ανα[ fr. 140a. 54 (28). ἐπεὶ πᾳντᾳ[ ?fr. 334a. 11.

    Lexicon to Pindar > πᾶς

  • 30 Historical Portugal

       Before Romans described western Iberia or Hispania as "Lusitania," ancient Iberians inhabited the land. Phoenician and Greek trading settlements grew up in the Tagus estuary area and nearby coasts. Beginning around 202 BCE, Romans invaded what is today southern Portugal. With Rome's defeat of Carthage, Romans proceeded to conquer and rule the western region north of the Tagus, which they named Roman "Lusitania." In the fourth century CE, as Rome's rule weakened, the area experienced yet another invasion—Germanic tribes, principally the Suevi, who eventually were Christianized. During the sixth century CE, the Suevi kingdom was superseded by yet another Germanic tribe—the Christian Visigoths.
       A major turning point in Portugal's history came in 711, as Muslim armies from North Africa, consisting of both Arab and Berber elements, invaded the Iberian Peninsula from across the Straits of Gibraltar. They entered what is now Portugal in 714, and proceeded to conquer most of the country except for the far north. For the next half a millennium, Islam and Muslim presence in Portugal left a significant mark upon the politics, government, language, and culture of the country.
       Islam, Reconquest, and Portugal Created, 714-1140
       The long frontier struggle between Muslim invaders and Christian communities in the north of the Iberian peninsula was called the Reconquista (Reconquest). It was during this struggle that the first dynasty of Portuguese kings (Burgundian) emerged and the independent monarchy of Portugal was established. Christian forces moved south from what is now the extreme north of Portugal and gradually defeated Muslim forces, besieging and capturing towns under Muslim sway. In the ninth century, as Christian forces slowly made their way southward, Christian elements were dominant only in the area between Minho province and the Douro River; this region became known as "territorium Portu-calense."
       In the 11th century, the advance of the Reconquest quickened as local Christian armies were reinforced by crusading knights from what is now France and England. Christian forces took Montemor (1034), at the Mondego River; Lamego (1058); Viseu (1058); and Coimbra (1064). In 1095, the king of Castile and Léon granted the country of "Portu-cale," what became northern Portugal, to a Burgundian count who had emigrated from France. This was the foundation of Portugal. In 1139, a descendant of this count, Afonso Henriques, proclaimed himself "King of Portugal." He was Portugal's first monarch, the "Founder," and the first of the Burgundian dynasty, which ruled until 1385.
       The emergence of Portugal in the 12th century as a separate monarchy in Iberia occurred before the Christian Reconquest of the peninsula. In the 1140s, the pope in Rome recognized Afonso Henriques as king of Portugal. In 1147, after a long, bloody siege, Muslim-occupied Lisbon fell to Afonso Henriques's army. Lisbon was the greatest prize of the 500-year war. Assisting this effort were English crusaders on their way to the Holy Land; the first bishop of Lisbon was an Englishman. When the Portuguese captured Faro and Silves in the Algarve province in 1248-50, the Reconquest of the extreme western portion of the Iberian peninsula was complete—significantly, more than two centuries before the Spanish crown completed the Reconquest of the eastern portion by capturing Granada in 1492.
       Consolidation and Independence of Burgundian Portugal, 1140-1385
       Two main themes of Portugal's early existence as a monarchy are the consolidation of control over the realm and the defeat of a Castil-ian threat from the east to its independence. At the end of this period came the birth of a new royal dynasty (Aviz), which prepared to carry the Christian Reconquest beyond continental Portugal across the straits of Gibraltar to North Africa. There was a variety of motives behind these developments. Portugal's independent existence was imperiled by threats from neighboring Iberian kingdoms to the north and east. Politics were dominated not only by efforts against the Muslims in
       Portugal (until 1250) and in nearby southern Spain (until 1492), but also by internecine warfare among the kingdoms of Castile, Léon, Aragon, and Portugal. A final comeback of Muslim forces was defeated at the battle of Salado (1340) by allied Castilian and Portuguese forces. In the emerging Kingdom of Portugal, the monarch gradually gained power over and neutralized the nobility and the Church.
       The historic and commonplace Portuguese saying "From Spain, neither a good wind nor a good marriage" was literally played out in diplomacy and war in the late 14th-century struggles for mastery in the peninsula. Larger, more populous Castile was pitted against smaller Portugal. Castile's Juan I intended to force a union between Castile and Portugal during this era of confusion and conflict. In late 1383, Portugal's King Fernando, the last king of the Burgundian dynasty, suddenly died prematurely at age 38, and the Master of Aviz, Portugal's most powerful nobleman, took up the cause of independence and resistance against Castile's invasion. The Master of Aviz, who became King João I of Portugal, was able to obtain foreign assistance. With the aid of English archers, Joao's armies defeated the Castilians in the crucial battle of Aljubarrota, on 14 August 1385, a victory that assured the independence of the Portuguese monarchy from its Castilian nemesis for several centuries.
       Aviz Dynasty and Portugal's First Overseas Empire, 1385-1580
       The results of the victory at Aljubarrota, much celebrated in Portugal's art and monuments, and the rise of the Aviz dynasty also helped to establish a new merchant class in Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal's second city. This group supported King João I's program of carrying the Reconquest to North Africa, since it was interested in expanding Portugal's foreign commerce and tapping into Muslim trade routes and resources in Africa. With the Reconquest against the Muslims completed in Portugal and the threat from Castile thwarted for the moment, the Aviz dynasty launched an era of overseas conquest, exploration, and trade. These efforts dominated Portugal's 15th and 16th centuries.
       The overseas empire and age of Discoveries began with Portugal's bold conquest in 1415 of the Moroccan city of Ceuta. One royal member of the 1415 expedition was young, 21-year-old Prince Henry, later known in history as "Prince Henry the Navigator." His part in the capture of Ceuta won Henry his knighthood and began Portugal's "Marvelous Century," during which the small kingdom was counted as a European and world power of consequence. Henry was the son of King João I and his English queen, Philippa of Lancaster, but he did not inherit the throne. Instead, he spent most of his life and his fortune, and that of the wealthy military Order of Christ, on various imperial ventures and on voyages of exploration down the African coast and into the Atlantic. While mythology has surrounded Henry's controversial role in the Discoveries, and this role has been exaggerated, there is no doubt that he played a vital part in the initiation of Portugal's first overseas empire and in encouraging exploration. He was naturally curious, had a sense of mission for Portugal, and was a strong leader. He also had wealth to expend; at least a third of the African voyages of the time were under his sponsorship. If Prince Henry himself knew little science, significant scientific advances in navigation were made in his day.
       What were Portugal's motives for this new imperial effort? The well-worn historical cliche of "God, Glory, and Gold" can only partly explain the motivation of a small kingdom with few natural resources and barely 1 million people, which was greatly outnumbered by the other powers it confronted. Among Portuguese objectives were the desire to exploit known North African trade routes and resources (gold, wheat, leather, weaponry, and other goods that were scarce in Iberia); the need to outflank the Muslim world in the Mediterranean by sailing around Africa, attacking Muslims en route; and the wish to ally with Christian kingdoms beyond Africa. This enterprise also involved a strategy of breaking the Venetian spice monopoly by trading directly with the East by means of discovering and exploiting a sea route around Africa to Asia. Besides the commercial motives, Portugal nurtured a strong crusading sense of Christian mission, and various classes in the kingdom saw an opportunity for fame and gain.
       By the time of Prince Henry's death in 1460, Portugal had gained control of the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeiras, begun to colonize the Cape Verde Islands, failed to conquer the Canary Islands from Castile, captured various cities on Morocco's coast, and explored as far as Senegal, West Africa, down the African coast. By 1488, Bar-tolomeu Dias had rounded the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and thereby discovered the way to the Indian Ocean.
       Portugal's largely coastal African empire and later its fragile Asian empire brought unexpected wealth but were purchased at a high price. Costs included wars of conquest and defense against rival powers, manning the far-flung navel and trade fleets and scattered castle-fortresses, and staffing its small but fierce armies, all of which entailed a loss of skills and population to maintain a scattered empire. Always short of capital, the monarchy became indebted to bankers. There were many defeats beginning in the 16th century at the hands of the larger imperial European monarchies (Spain, France, England, and Holland) and many attacks on Portugal and its strung-out empire. Typically, there was also the conflict that arose when a tenuously held world empire that rarely if ever paid its way demanded finance and manpower Portugal itself lacked.
       The first 80 years of the glorious imperial era, the golden age of Portugal's imperial power and world influence, was an African phase. During 1415-88, Portuguese navigators and explorers in small ships, some of them caravelas (caravels), explored the treacherous, disease-ridden coasts of Africa from Morocco to South Africa beyond the Cape of Good Hope. By the 1470s, the Portuguese had reached the Gulf of Guinea and, in the early 1480s, what is now Angola. Bartolomeu Dias's extraordinary voyage of 1487-88 to South Africa's coast and the edge of the Indian Ocean convinced Portugal that the best route to Asia's spices and Christians lay south, around the tip of southern Africa. Between 1488 and 1495, there was a hiatus caused in part by domestic conflict in Portugal, discussion of resources available for further conquests beyond Africa in Asia, and serious questions as to Portugal's capacity to reach beyond Africa. In 1495, King Manuel and his council decided to strike for Asia, whatever the consequences. In 1497-99, Vasco da Gama, under royal orders, made the epic two-year voyage that discovered the sea route to western India (Asia), outflanked Islam and Venice, and began Portugal's Asian empire. Within 50 years, Portugal had discovered and begun the exploitation of its largest colony, Brazil, and set up forts and trading posts from the Middle East (Aden and Ormuz), India (Calicut, Goa, etc.), Malacca, and Indonesia to Macau in China.
       By the 1550s, parts of its largely coastal, maritime trading post empire from Morocco to the Moluccas were under siege from various hostile forces, including Muslims, Christians, and Hindi. Although Moroccan forces expelled the Portuguese from the major coastal cities by 1550, the rival European monarchies of Castile (Spain), England, France, and later Holland began to seize portions of her undermanned, outgunned maritime empire.
       In 1580, Phillip II of Spain, whose mother was a Portuguese princess and who had a strong claim to the Portuguese throne, invaded Portugal, claimed the throne, and assumed control over the realm and, by extension, its African, Asian, and American empires. Phillip II filled the power vacuum that appeared in Portugal following the loss of most of Portugal's army and its young, headstrong King Sebastião in a disastrous war in Morocco. Sebastiao's death in battle (1578) and the lack of a natural heir to succeed him, as well as the weak leadership of the cardinal who briefly assumed control in Lisbon, led to a crisis that Spain's strong monarch exploited. As a result, Portugal lost its independence to Spain for a period of 60 years.
       Portugal under Spanish Rule, 1580-1640
       Despite the disastrous nature of Portugal's experience under Spanish rule, "The Babylonian Captivity" gave birth to modern Portuguese nationalism, its second overseas empire, and its modern alliance system with England. Although Spain allowed Portugal's weakened empire some autonomy, Spanish rule in Portugal became increasingly burdensome and unacceptable. Spain's ambitious imperial efforts in Europe and overseas had an impact on the Portuguese as Spain made greater and greater demands on its smaller neighbor for manpower and money. Portugal's culture underwent a controversial Castilianization, while its empire became hostage to Spain's fortunes. New rival powers England, France, and Holland attacked and took parts of Spain's empire and at the same time attacked Portugal's empire, as well as the mother country.
       Portugal's empire bore the consequences of being attacked by Spain's bitter enemies in what was a form of world war. Portuguese losses were heavy. By 1640, Portugal had lost most of its Moroccan cities as well as Ceylon, the Moluccas, and sections of India. With this, Portugal's Asian empire was gravely weakened. Only Goa, Damão, Diu, Bombay, Timor, and Macau remained and, in Brazil, Dutch forces occupied the northeast.
       On 1 December 1640, long commemorated as a national holiday, Portuguese rebels led by the duke of Braganza overthrew Spanish domination and took advantage of Spanish weakness following a more serious rebellion in Catalonia. Portugal regained independence from Spain, but at a price: dependence on foreign assistance to maintain its independence in the form of the renewal of the alliance with England.
       Restoration and Second Empire, 1640-1822
       Foreign affairs and empire dominated the restoration era and aftermath, and Portugal again briefly enjoyed greater European power and prestige. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance was renewed and strengthened in treaties of 1642, 1654, and 1661, and Portugal's independence from Spain was underwritten by English pledges and armed assistance. In a Luso-Spanish treaty of 1668, Spain recognized Portugal's independence. Portugal's alliance with England was a marriage of convenience and necessity between two monarchies with important religious, cultural, and social differences. In return for legal, diplomatic, and trade privileges, as well as the use during war and peace of Portugal's great Lisbon harbor and colonial ports for England's navy, England pledged to protect Portugal and its scattered empire from any attack. The previously cited 17th-century alliance treaties were renewed later in the Treaty of Windsor, signed in London in 1899. On at least 10 different occasions after 1640, and during the next two centuries, England was central in helping prevent or repel foreign invasions of its ally, Portugal.
       Portugal's second empire (1640-1822) was largely Brazil-oriented. Portuguese colonization, exploitation of wealth, and emigration focused on Portuguese America, and imperial revenues came chiefly from Brazil. Between 1670 and 1740, Portugal's royalty and nobility grew wealthier on funds derived from Brazilian gold, diamonds, sugar, tobacco, and other crops, an enterprise supported by the Atlantic slave trade and the supply of African slave labor from West Africa and Angola. Visitors today can see where much of that wealth was invested: Portugal's rich legacy of monumental architecture. Meanwhile, the African slave trade took a toll in Angola and West Africa.
       In continental Portugal, absolutist monarchy dominated politics and government, and there was a struggle for position and power between the monarchy and other institutions, such as the Church and nobility. King José I's chief minister, usually known in history as the marquis of Pombal (ruled 1750-77), sharply suppressed the nobility and the
       Church (including the Inquisition, now a weak institution) and expelled the Jesuits. Pombal also made an effort to reduce economic dependence on England, Portugal's oldest ally. But his successes did not last much beyond his disputed time in office.
       Beginning in the late 18th century, the European-wide impact of the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon placed Portugal in a vulnerable position. With the monarchy ineffectively led by an insane queen (Maria I) and her indecisive regent son (João VI), Portugal again became the focus of foreign ambition and aggression. With England unable to provide decisive assistance in time, France—with Spain's consent—invaded Portugal in 1807. As Napoleon's army under General Junot entered Lisbon meeting no resistance, Portugal's royal family fled on a British fleet to Brazil, where it remained in exile until 1821. In the meantime, Portugal's overseas empire was again under threat. There was a power vacuum as the monarch was absent, foreign armies were present, and new political notions of liberalism and constitutional monarchy were exciting various groups of citizens.
       Again England came to the rescue, this time in the form of the armies of the duke of Wellington. Three successive French invasions of Portugal were defeated and expelled, and Wellington succeeded in carrying the war against Napoleon across the Portuguese frontier into Spain. The presence of the English army, the new French-born liberal ideas, and the political vacuum combined to create revolutionary conditions. The French invasions and the peninsular wars, where Portuguese armed forces played a key role, marked the beginning of a new era in politics.
       Liberalism and Constitutional Monarchy, 1822-1910
       During 1807-22, foreign invasions, war, and civil strife over conflicting political ideas gravely damaged Portugal's commerce, economy, and novice industry. The next terrible blow was the loss of Brazil in 1822, the jewel in the imperial crown. Portugal's very independence seemed to be at risk. In vain, Portugal sought to resist Brazilian independence by force, but in 1825 it formally acknowledged Brazilian independence by treaty.
       Portugal's slow recovery from the destructive French invasions and the "war of independence" was complicated by civil strife over the form of constitutional monarchy that best suited Portugal. After struggles over these issues between 1820 and 1834, Portugal settled somewhat uncertainly into a moderate constitutional monarchy whose constitution (Charter of 1826) lent it strong political powers to exert a moderating influence between the executive and legislative branches of the government. It also featured a new upper middle class based on land ownership and commerce; a Catholic Church that, although still important, lived with reduced privileges and property; a largely African (third) empire to which Lisbon and Oporto devoted increasing spiritual and material resources, starting with the liberal imperial plans of 1836 and 1851, and continuing with the work of institutions like the Lisbon Society of Geography (established 1875); and a mass of rural peasants whose bonds to the land weakened after 1850 and who began to immigrate in increasing numbers to Brazil and North America.
       Chronic military intervention in national politics began in 19th-century Portugal. Such intervention, usually commencing with coups or pronunciamentos (military revolts), was a shortcut to the spoils of political office and could reflect popular discontent as well as the power of personalities. An early example of this was the 1817 golpe (coup) attempt of General Gomes Freire against British military rule in Portugal before the return of King João VI from Brazil. Except for a more stable period from 1851 to 1880, military intervention in politics, or the threat thereof, became a feature of the constitutional monarchy's political life, and it continued into the First Republic and the subsequent Estado Novo.
       Beginning with the Regeneration period (1851-80), Portugal experienced greater political stability and economic progress. Military intervention in politics virtually ceased; industrialization and construction of railroads, roads, and bridges proceeded; two political parties (Regenerators and Historicals) worked out a system of rotation in power; and leading intellectuals sparked a cultural revival in several fields. In 19th-century literature, there was a new golden age led by such figures as Alexandre Herculano (historian), Eça de Queirós (novelist), Almeida Garrett (playwright and essayist), Antero de Quental (poet), and Joaquim Oliveira Martins (historian and social scientist). In its third overseas empire, Portugal attempted to replace the slave trade and slavery with legitimate economic activities; to reform the administration; and to expand Portuguese holdings beyond coastal footholds deep into the African hinterlands in West, West Central, and East Africa. After 1841, to some extent, and especially after 1870, colonial affairs, combined with intense nationalism, pressures for economic profit in Africa, sentiment for national revival, and the drift of European affairs would make or break Lisbon governments.
       Beginning with the political crisis that arose out of the "English Ultimatum" affair of January 1890, the monarchy became discredtted and identified with the poorly functioning government, political parties splintered, and republicanism found more supporters. Portugal participated in the "Scramble for Africa," expanding its African holdings, but failed to annex territory connecting Angola and Mozambique. A growing foreign debt and state bankruptcy as of the early 1890s damaged the constitutional monarchy's reputation, despite the efforts of King Carlos in diplomacy, the renewal of the alliance in the Windsor Treaty of 1899, and the successful if bloody colonial wars in the empire (1880-97). Republicanism proclaimed that Portugal's weak economy and poor society were due to two historic institutions: the monarchy and the Catholic Church. A republic, its stalwarts claimed, would bring greater individual liberty; efficient, if more decentralized government; and a stronger colonial program while stripping the Church of its role in both society and education.
       As the monarchy lost support and republicans became more aggressive, violence increased in politics. King Carlos I and his heir Luís were murdered in Lisbon by anarchist-republicans on 1 February 1908. Following a military and civil insurrection and fighting between monarchist and republican forces, on 5 October 1910, King Manuel II fled Portugal and a republic was proclaimed.
       First Parliamentary Republic, 1910-26
       Portugal's first attempt at republican government was the most unstable, turbulent parliamentary republic in the history of 20th-century Western Europe. During a little under 16 years of the republic, there were 45 governments, a number of legislatures that did not complete normal terms, military coups, and only one president who completed his four-year term in office. Portuguese society was poorly prepared for this political experiment. Among the deadly legacies of the monarchy were a huge public debt; a largely rural, apolitical, and illiterate peasant population; conflict over the causes of the country's misfortunes; and lack of experience with a pluralist, democratic system.
       The republic had some talented leadership but lacked popular, institutional, and economic support. The 1911 republican constitution established only a limited democracy, as only a small portion of the adult male citizenry was eligible to vote. In a country where the majority was Catholic, the republic passed harshly anticlerical laws, and its institutions and supporters persecuted both the Church and its adherents. During its brief disjointed life, the First Republic drafted important reform plans in economic, social, and educational affairs; actively promoted development in the empire; and pursued a liberal, generous foreign policy. Following British requests for Portugal's assistance in World War I, Portugal entered the war on the Allied side in March 1916 and sent armies to Flanders and Portuguese Africa. Portugal's intervention in that conflict, however, was too costly in many respects, and the ultimate failure of the republic in part may be ascribed to Portugal's World War I activities.
       Unfortunately for the republic, its time coincided with new threats to Portugal's African possessions: World War I, social and political demands from various classes that could not be reconciled, excessive military intervention in politics, and, in particular, the worst economic and financial crisis Portugal had experienced since the 16th and 17th centuries. After the original Portuguese Republican Party (PRP, also known as the "Democrats") splintered into three warring groups in 1912, no true multiparty system emerged. The Democrats, except for only one or two elections, held an iron monopoly of electoral power, and political corruption became a major issue. As extreme right-wing dictatorships elsewhere in Europe began to take power in Italy (1922), neighboring Spain (1923), and Greece (1925), what scant popular support remained for the republic collapsed. Backed by a right-wing coalition of landowners from Alentejo, clergy, Coimbra University faculty and students, Catholic organizations, and big business, career military officers led by General Gomes da Costa executed a coup on 28 May 1926, turned out the last republican government, and established a military government.
       The Estado Novo (New State), 1926-74
       During the military phase (1926-32) of the Estado Novo, professional military officers, largely from the army, governed and administered Portugal and held key cabinet posts, but soon discovered that the military possessed no magic formula that could readily solve the problems inherited from the First Republic. Especially during the years 1926-31, the military dictatorship, even with its political repression of republican activities and institutions (military censorship of the press, political police action, and closure of the republic's rowdy parliament), was characterized by similar weaknesses: personalism and factionalism; military coups and political instability, including civil strife and loss of life; state debt and bankruptcy; and a weak economy. "Barracks parliamentarism" was not an acceptable alternative even to the "Nightmare Republic."
       Led by General Óscar Carmona, who had replaced and sent into exile General Gomes da Costa, the military dictatorship turned to a civilian expert in finance and economics to break the budget impasse and bring coherence to the disorganized system. Appointed minister of finance on 27 April 1928, the Coimbra University Law School professor of economics Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970) first reformed finance, helped balance the budget, and then turned to other concerns as he garnered extraordinary governing powers. In 1930, he was appointed interim head of another key ministry (Colonies) and within a few years had become, in effect, a civilian dictator who, with the military hierarchy's support, provided the government with coherence, a program, and a set of policies.
       For nearly 40 years after he was appointed the first civilian prime minister in 1932, Salazar's personality dominated the government. Unlike extreme right-wing dictators elsewhere in Europe, Salazar was directly appointed by the army but was never endorsed by a popular political party, street militia, or voter base. The scholarly, reclusive former Coimbra University professor built up what became known after 1932 as the Estado Novo ("New State"), which at the time of its overthrow by another military coup in 1974, was the longest surviving authoritarian regime in Western Europe. The system of Salazar and the largely academic and technocratic ruling group he gathered in his cabinets was based on the central bureaucracy of the state, which was supported by the president of the republic—always a senior career military officer, General Óscar Carmona (1928-51), General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58), and Admiral Américo Tómaz (1958-74)—and the complicity of various institutions. These included a rubber-stamp legislature called the National Assembly (1935-74) and a political police known under various names: PVDE (1932-45), PIDE (1945-69),
       and DGS (1969-74). Other defenders of the Estado Novo security were paramilitary organizations such as the National Republican Guard (GNR); the Portuguese Legion (PL); and the Portuguese Youth [Movement]. In addition to censorship of the media, theater, and books, there was political repression and a deliberate policy of depoliticization. All political parties except for the approved movement of regime loyalists, the União Nacional or (National Union), were banned.
       The most vigorous and more popular period of the New State was 1932-44, when the basic structures were established. Never monolithic or entirely the work of one person (Salazar), the New State was constructed with the assistance of several dozen top associates who were mainly academics from law schools, some technocrats with specialized skills, and a handful of trusted career military officers. The 1933 Constitution declared Portugal to be a "unitary, corporative Republic," and pressures to restore the monarchy were resisted. Although some of the regime's followers were fascists and pseudofascists, many more were conservative Catholics, integralists, nationalists, and monarchists of different varieties, and even some reactionary republicans. If the New State was authoritarian, it was not totalitarian and, unlike fascism in Benito Mussolini's Italy or Adolf Hitler's Germany, it usually employed the minimum of violence necessary to defeat what remained a largely fractious, incoherent opposition.
       With the tumultuous Second Republic and the subsequent civil war in nearby Spain, the regime felt threatened and reinforced its defenses. During what Salazar rightly perceived as a time of foreign policy crisis for Portugal (1936-45), he assumed control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From there, he pursued four basic foreign policy objectives: supporting the Nationalist rebels of General Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) and concluding defense treaties with a triumphant Franco; ensuring that General Franco in an exhausted Spain did not enter World War II on the Axis side; maintaining Portuguese neutrality in World War II with a post-1942 tilt toward the Allies, including granting Britain and the United States use of bases in the Azores Islands; and preserving and protecting Portugal's Atlantic Islands and its extensive, if poor, overseas empire in Africa and Asia.
       During the middle years of the New State (1944-58), many key Salazar associates in government either died or resigned, and there was greater social unrest in the form of unprecedented strikes and clandestine Communist activities, intensified opposition, and new threatening international pressures on Portugal's overseas empire. During the earlier phase of the Cold War (1947-60), Portugal became a steadfast, if weak, member of the US-dominated North Atlantic Treaty Organization alliance and, in 1955, with American support, Portugal joined the United Nations (UN). Colonial affairs remained a central concern of the regime. As of 1939, Portugal was the third largest colonial power in the world and possessed territories in tropical Africa (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, and São Tomé and Príncipe Islands) and the remnants of its 16th-century empire in Asia (Goa, Damão, Diu, East Timor, and Macau). Beginning in the early 1950s, following the independence of India in 1947, Portugal resisted Indian pressures to decolonize Portuguese India and used police forces to discourage internal opposition in its Asian and African colonies.
       The later years of the New State (1958-68) witnessed the aging of the increasingly isolated but feared Salazar and new threats both at home and overseas. Although the regime easily overcame the brief oppositionist threat from rival presidential candidate General Humberto Delgado in the spring of 1958, new developments in the African and Asian empires imperiled the authoritarian system. In February 1961, oppositionists hijacked the Portuguese ocean liner Santa Maria and, in following weeks, African insurgents in northern Angola, although they failed to expel the Portuguese, gained worldwide media attention, discredited the New State, and began the 13-year colonial war. After thwarting a dissident military coup against his continued leadership, Salazar and his ruling group mobilized military repression in Angola and attempted to develop the African colonies at a faster pace in order to ensure Portuguese control. Meanwhile, the other European colonial powers (Britain, France, Belgium, and Spain) rapidly granted political independence to their African territories.
       At the time of Salazar's removal from power in September 1968, following a stroke, Portugal's efforts to maintain control over its colonies appeared to be successful. President Americo Tomás appointed Dr. Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor as prime minister. While maintaining the New State's basic structures, and continuing the regime's essential colonial policy, Caetano attempted wider reforms in colonial administration and some devolution of power from Lisbon, as well as more freedom of expression in Lisbon. Still, a great deal of the budget was devoted to supporting the wars against the insurgencies in Africa. Meanwhile in Asia, Portuguese India had fallen when the Indian army invaded in December 1961. The loss of Goa was a psychological blow to the leadership of the New State, and of the Asian empire only East Timor and Macau remained.
       The Caetano years (1968-74) were but a hiatus between the waning Salazar era and a new regime. There was greater political freedom and rapid economic growth (5-6 percent annually to late 1973), but Caetano's government was unable to reform the old system thoroughly and refused to consider new methods either at home or in the empire. In the end, regime change came from junior officers of the professional military who organized the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) against the Caetano government. It was this group of several hundred officers, mainly in the army and navy, which engineered a largely bloodless coup in Lisbon on 25 April 1974. Their unexpected action brought down the 48-year-old New State and made possible the eventual establishment and consolidation of democratic governance in Portugal, as well as a reorientation of the country away from the Atlantic toward Europe.
       Revolution of Carnations, 1974-76
       Following successful military operations of the Armed Forces Movement against the Caetano government, Portugal experienced what became known as the "Revolution of Carnations." It so happened that during the rainy week of the military golpe, Lisbon flower shops were featuring carnations, and the revolutionaries and their supporters adopted the red carnation as the common symbol of the event, as well as of the new freedom from dictatorship. The MFA, whose leaders at first were mostly little-known majors and captains, proclaimed a three-fold program of change for the new Portugal: democracy; decolonization of the overseas empire, after ending the colonial wars; and developing a backward economy in the spirit of opportunity and equality. During the first 24 months after the coup, there was civil strife, some anarchy, and a power struggle. With the passing of the Estado Novo, public euphoria burst forth as the new provisional military government proclaimed the freedoms of speech, press, and assembly, and abolished censorship, the political police, the Portuguese Legion, Portuguese Youth, and other New State organizations, including the National Union. Scores of political parties were born and joined the senior political party, the Portuguese Community Party (PCP), and the Socialist Party (PS), founded shortly before the coup.
       Portugal's Revolution of Carnations went through several phases. There was an attempt to take control by radical leftists, including the PCP and its allies. This was thwarted by moderate officers in the army, as well as by the efforts of two political parties: the PS and the Social Democrats (PPD, later PSD). The first phase was from April to September 1974. Provisional president General Antonio Spínola, whose 1974 book Portugal and the Future had helped prepare public opinion for the coup, met irresistible leftist pressures. After Spinola's efforts to avoid rapid decolonization of the African empire failed, he resigned in September 1974. During the second phase, from September 1974 to March 1975, radical military officers gained control, but a coup attempt by General Spínola and his supporters in Lisbon in March 1975 failed and Spínola fled to Spain.
       In the third phase of the Revolution, March-November 1975, a strong leftist reaction followed. Farm workers occupied and "nationalized" 1.1 million hectares of farmland in the Alentejo province, and radical military officers in the provisional government ordered the nationalization of Portuguese banks (foreign banks were exempted), utilities, and major industries, or about 60 percent of the economic system. There were power struggles among various political parties — a total of 50 emerged—and in the streets there was civil strife among labor, military, and law enforcement groups. A constituent assembly, elected on 25 April 1975, in Portugal's first free elections since 1926, drafted a democratic constitution. The Council of the Revolution (CR), briefly a revolutionary military watchdog committee, was entrenched as part of the government under the constitution, until a later revision. During the chaotic year of 1975, about 30 persons were killed in political frays while unstable provisional governments came and went. On 25 November 1975, moderate military forces led by Colonel Ramalho Eanes, who later was twice elected president of the republic (1976 and 1981), defeated radical, leftist military groups' revolutionary conspiracies.
       In the meantime, Portugal's scattered overseas empire experienced a precipitous and unprepared decolonization. One by one, the former colonies were granted and accepted independence—Guinea-Bissau (September 1974), Cape Verde Islands (July 1975), and Mozambique (July 1975). Portugal offered to turn over Macau to the People's Republic of China, but the offer was refused then and later negotiations led to the establishment of a formal decolonization or hand-over date of 1999. But in two former colonies, the process of decolonization had tragic results.
       In Angola, decolonization negotiations were greatly complicated by the fact that there were three rival nationalist movements in a struggle for power. The January 1975 Alvor Agreement signed by Portugal and these three parties was not effectively implemented. A bloody civil war broke out in Angola in the spring of 1975 and, when Portuguese armed forces withdrew and declared that Angola was independent on 11 November 1975, the bloodshed only increased. Meanwhile, most of the white Portuguese settlers from Angola and Mozambique fled during the course of 1975. Together with African refugees, more than 600,000 of these retornados ("returned ones") went by ship and air to Portugal and thousands more to Namibia, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, and the United States.
       The second major decolonization disaster was in Portugal's colony of East Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. Portugal's capacity to supervise and control a peaceful transition to independence in this isolated, neglected colony was limited by the strength of giant Indonesia, distance from Lisbon, and Portugal's revolutionary disorder and inability to defend Timor. In early December 1975, before Portugal granted formal independence and as one party, FRETILIN, unilaterally declared East Timor's independence, Indonesia's armed forces invaded, conquered, and annexed East Timor. Indonesian occupation encountered East Timorese resistance, and a heavy loss of life followed. The East Timor question remained a contentious international issue in the UN, as well as in Lisbon and Jakarta, for more than 20 years following Indonesia's invasion and annexation of the former colony of Portugal. Major changes occurred, beginning in 1998, after Indonesia underwent a political revolution and allowed a referendum in East Timor to decide that territory's political future in August 1999. Most East Timorese chose independence, but Indonesian forces resisted that verdict until
       UN intervention in September 1999. Following UN rule for several years, East Timor attained full independence on 20 May 2002.
       Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-2000
       After several free elections and record voter turnouts between 25 April 1975 and June 1976, civil war was averted and Portugal's second democratic republic began to stabilize. The MFA was dissolved, the military were returned to the barracks, and increasingly elected civilians took over the government of the country. The 1976 Constitution was revised several times beginning in 1982 and 1989, in order to reempha-size the principle of free enterprise in the economy while much of the large, nationalized sector was privatized. In June 1976, General Ram-alho Eanes was elected the first constitutional president of the republic (five-year term), and he appointed socialist leader Dr. Mário Soares as prime minister of the first constitutional government.
       From 1976 to 1985, Portugal's new system featured a weak economy and finances, labor unrest, and administrative and political instability. The difficult consolidation of democratic governance was eased in part by the strong currency and gold reserves inherited from the Estado Novo, but Lisbon seemed unable to cope with high unemployment, new debt, the complex impact of the refugees from Africa, world recession, and the agitation of political parties. Four major parties emerged from the maelstrom of 1974-75, except for the Communist Party, all newly founded. They were, from left to right, the Communists (PCP); the Socialists (PS), who managed to dominate governments and the legislature but not win a majority in the Assembly of the Republic; the Social Democrats (PSD); and the Christian Democrats (CDS). During this period, the annual growth rate was low (l-2 percent), and the nationalized sector of the economy stagnated.
       Enhanced economic growth, greater political stability, and more effective central government as of 1985, and especially 1987, were due to several developments. In 1977, Portugal applied for membership in the European Economic Community (EEC), now the European Union (EU) since 1993. In January 1986, with Spain, Portugal was granted membership, and economic and financial progress in the intervening years has been significantly influenced by the comparatively large investment, loans, technology, advice, and other assistance from the EEC. Low unemployment, high annual growth rates (5 percent), and moderate inflation have also been induced by the new political and administrative stability in Lisbon. Led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva, an economist who was trained abroad, the PSD's strong organization, management, and electoral support since 1985 have assisted in encouraging economic recovery and development. In 1985, the PSD turned the PS out of office and won the general election, although they did not have an absolute majority of assembly seats. In 1986, Mário Soares was elected president of the republic, the first civilian to hold that office since the First Republic. In the elections of 1987 and 1991, however, the PSD was returned to power with clear majorities of over 50 percent of the vote.
       Although the PSD received 50.4 percent of the vote in the 1991 parliamentary elections and held a 42-seat majority in the Assembly of the Republic, the party began to lose public support following media revelations regarding corruption and complaints about Prime Minister Cavaco Silva's perceived arrogant leadership style. President Mário Soares voiced criticism of the PSD's seemingly untouchable majority and described a "tyranny of the majority." Economic growth slowed down. In the parliamentary elections of 1995 and the presidential election of 1996, the PSD's dominance ended for the time being. Prime Minister Antônio Guterres came to office when the PS won the October 1995 elections, and in the subsequent presidential contest, in January 1996, socialist Jorge Sampaio, the former mayor of Lisbon, was elected president of the republic, thus defeating Cavaco Silva's bid. Young and popular, Guterres moved the PS toward the center of the political spectrum. Under Guterres, the PS won the October 1999 parliamentary elections. The PS defeated the PSD but did not manage to win a clear, working majority of seats, and this made the PS dependent upon alliances with smaller parties, including the PCP.
       In the local elections in December 2001, the PSD's criticism of PS's heavy public spending allowed the PSD to take control of the key cities of Lisbon, Oporto, and Coimbra. Guterres resigned, and parliamentary elections were brought forward from 2004 to March 2002. The PSD won a narrow victory with 40 percent of the votes, and Jose Durão Barroso became prime minister. Having failed to win a majority of the seats in parliament forced the PSD to govern in coalition with the right-wing Popular Party (PP) led by Paulo Portas. Durão Barroso set about reducing government spending by cutting the budgets of local authorities, freezing civil service hiring, and reviving the economy by accelerating privatization of state-owned enterprises. These measures provoked a 24-hour strike by public-sector workers. Durão Barroso reacted with vows to press ahead with budget-cutting measures and imposed a wage freeze on all employees earning more than €1,000, which affected more than one-half of Portugal's work force.
       In June 2004, Durão Barroso was invited by Romano Prodi to succeed him as president of the European Commission. Durão Barroso accepted and resigned the prime ministership in July. Pedro Santana Lopes, the leader of the PSD, became prime minister. Already unpopular at the time of Durão Barroso's resignation, the PSD-led government became increasingly unpopular under Santana Lopes. A month-long delay in the start of the school year and confusion over his plan to cut taxes and raise public-sector salaries, eroded confidence even more. By November, Santana Lopes's government was so unpopular that President Jorge Sampaio was obliged to dissolve parliament and hold new elections, two years ahead of schedule.
       Parliamentary elections were held on 20 February 2005. The PS, which had promised the electorate disciplined and transparent governance, educational reform, the alleviation of poverty, and a boost in employment, won 45 percent of the vote and the majority of the seats in parliament. The leader of the PS, José Sôcrates became prime minister on 12 March 2005. In the regularly scheduled presidential elections held on 6 January 2006, the former leader of the PSD and prime minister, Aníbal Cavaco Silva, won a narrow victory and became president on 9 March 2006. With a mass protest, public teachers' strike, and street demonstrations in March 2008, Portugal's media, educational, and social systems experienced more severe pressures. With the spreading global recession beginning in September 2008, Portugal's economic and financial systems became more troubled.
       Owing to its geographic location on the southwestern most edge of continental Europe, Portugal has been historically in but not of Europe. Almost from the beginning of its existence in the 12th century as an independent monarchy, Portugal turned its back on Europe and oriented itself toward the Atlantic Ocean. After carving out a Christian kingdom on the western portion of the Iberian peninsula, Portuguese kings gradually built and maintained a vast seaborne global empire that became central to the way Portugal understood its individuality as a nation-state. While the creation of this empire allows Portugal to claim an unusual number of "firsts" or distinctions in world and Western history, it also retarded Portugal's economic, social, and political development. It can be reasonably argued that the Revolution of 25 April 1974 was the most decisive event in Portugal's long history because it finally ended Portugal's oceanic mission and view of itself as an imperial power. After the 1974 Revolution, Portugal turned away from its global mission and vigorously reoriented itself toward Europe. Contemporary Portugal is now both in and of Europe.
       The turn toward Europe began immediately after 25 April 1974. Portugal granted independence to its African colonies in 1975. It was admitted to the European Council and took the first steps toward accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1976. On 28 March 1977, the Portuguese government officially applied for EEC membership. Because of Portugal's economic and social backwardness, which would require vast sums of EEC money to overcome, negotiations for membership were long and difficult. Finally, a treaty of accession was signed on 12 June 1985. Portugal officially joined the EEC (the European Union [EU] since 1993) on 1 January 1986. Since becoming a full-fledged member of the EU, Portugal has been steadily overcoming the economic and social underdevelopment caused by its imperial past and is becoming more like the rest of Europe.
       Membership in the EU has speeded up the structural transformation of Portugal's economy, which actually began during the Estado Novo. Investments made by the Estado Novo in Portugal's economy began to shift employment out of the agricultural sector, which, in 1950, accounted for 50 percent of Portugal's economically active population. Today, only 10 percent of the economically active population is employed in the agricultural sector (the highest among EU member states); 30 percent in the industrial sector (also the highest among EU member states); and 60 percent in the service sector (the lowest among EU member states). The economically active population numbers about 5,000,000 employed, 56 percent of whom are women. Women workers are the majority of the workforce in the agricultural and service sectors (the highest among the EU member states). The expansion of the service sector has been primarily in health care and education. Portugal has had the lowest unemployment rates among EU member states, with the overall rate never being more than 10 percent of the active population. Since joining the EU, the number of employers increased from 2.6 percent to 5.8 percent of the active population; self-employed from 16 to 19 percent; and employees from 65 to 70 percent. Twenty-six percent of the employers are women. Unemployment tends to hit younger workers in industry and transportation, women employed in domestic service, workers on short-term contracts, and poorly educated workers. Salaried workers earn only 63 percent of the EU average, and hourly workers only one-third to one-half of that earned by their EU counterparts. Despite having had the second highest growth of gross national product (GNP) per inhabitant (after Ireland) among EU member states, the above data suggest that while much has been accomplished in terms of modernizing the Portuguese economy, much remains to be done to bring Portugal's economy up to the level of the "average" EU member state.
       Membership in the EU has also speeded up changes in Portuguese society. Over the last 30 years, coastalization and urbanization have intensified. Fully 50 percent of Portuguese live in the coastal urban conurbations of Lisbon, Oporto, Braga, Aveiro, Coimbra, Viseu, Évora, and Faro. The Portuguese population is one of the oldest among EU member states (17.3 percent are 65 years of age or older) thanks to a considerable increase in life expectancy at birth (77.87 years for the total population, 74.6 years for men, 81.36 years for women) and one of the lowest birthrates (10.59 births/1,000) in Europe. Family size averages 2.8 persons per household, with the strict nuclear family (one or two generations) in which both parents work being typical. Common law marriages, cohabitating couples, and single-parent households are more and more common. The divorce rate has also increased. "Youth Culture" has developed. The young have their own meeting places, leisure-time activities, and nightlife (bars, clubs, and discos).
       All Portuguese citizens, whether they have contributed or not, have a right to an old-age pension, invalidity benefits, widowed persons' pension, as well as payments for disabilities, children, unemployment, and large families. There is a national minimum wage (€385 per month), which is low by EU standards. The rapid aging of Portugal's population has changed the ratio of contributors to pensioners to 1.7, the lowest in the EU. This has created deficits in Portugal's social security fund.
       The adult literacy rate is about 92 percent. Illiteracy is still found among the elderly. Although universal compulsory education up to grade 9 was achieved in 1980, only 21.2 percent of the population aged 25-64 had undergone secondary education, compared to an EU average of 65.7 percent. Portugal's higher education system currently consists of 14 state universities and 14 private universities, 15 state polytechnic institutions, one Catholic university, and one military academy. All in all, Portugal spends a greater percentage of its state budget on education than most EU member states. Despite this high level of expenditure, the troubled Portuguese education system does not perform well. Early leaving and repetition rates are among the highest among EU member states.
       After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Portugal created a National Health Service, which today consists of 221 hospitals and 512 medical centers employing 33,751 doctors and 41,799 nurses. Like its education system, Portugal's medical system is inefficient. There are long waiting lists for appointments with specialists and for surgical procedures.
       Structural changes in Portugal's economy and society mean that social life in Portugal is not too different from that in other EU member states. A mass consumption society has been created. Televisions, telephones, refrigerators, cars, music equipment, mobile phones, and personal computers are commonplace. Sixty percent of Portuguese households possess at least one automobile, and 65 percent of Portuguese own their own home. Portuguese citizens are more aware of their legal rights than ever before. This has resulted in a trebling of the number of legal proceeding since 1960 and an eight-fold increase in the number of lawyers. In general, Portuguese society has become more permissive and secular; the Catholic Church and the armed forces are much less influential than in the past. Portugal's population is also much more culturally, religiously, and ethnically diverse, a consequence of the coming to Portugal of hundreds of thousands of immigrants, mainly from former African colonies.
       Portuguese are becoming more cosmopolitan and sophisticated through the impact of world media, the Internet, and the World Wide Web. A prime case in point came in the summer and early fall of 1999, with the extraordinary events in East Timor and the massive Portuguese popular responses. An internationally monitored referendum in East Timor, Portugal's former colony in the Indonesian archipelago and under Indonesian occupation from late 1975 to summer 1999, resulted in a vote of 78.5 percent for rejecting integration with Indonesia and for independence. When Indonesian prointegration gangs, aided by the Indonesian military, responded to the referendum with widespread brutality and threatened to reverse the verdict of the referendum, there was a spontaneous popular outpouring of protest in the cities and towns of Portugal. An avalanche of Portuguese e-mail fell on leaders and groups in the UN and in certain countries around the world as Portugal's diplomats, perhaps to compensate for the weak initial response to Indonesian armed aggression in 1975, called for the protection of East Timor as an independent state and for UN intervention to thwart Indonesian action. Using global communications networks, the Portuguese were able to mobilize UN and world public opinion against Indonesian actions and aided the eventual independence of East Timor on 20 May 2002.
       From the Revolution of 25 April 1974 until the 1990s, Portugal had a large number of political parties, one of the largest Communist parties in western Europe, frequent elections, and endemic cabinet instability. Since the 1990s, the number of political parties has been dramatically reduced and cabinet stability increased. Gradually, the Portuguese electorate has concentrated around two larger parties, the right-of-center Social Democrats (PSD) and the left-of-center Socialist (PS). In the 1980s, these two parties together garnered 65 percent of the vote and 70 percent of the seats in parliament. In 2005, these percentages had risen to 74 percent and 85 percent, respectively. In effect, Portugal is currently a two-party dominant system in which the two largest parties — PS and PSD—alternate in and out of power, not unlike the rotation of the two main political parties (the Regenerators and the Historicals) during the last decades (1850s to 1880s) of the liberal constitutional monarchy. As Portugal's democracy has consolidated, turnout rates for the eligible electorate have declined. In the 1970s, turnout was 85 percent. In Portugal's most recent parliamentary election (2005), turnout had fallen to 65 percent of the eligible electorate.
       Portugal has benefited greatly from membership in the EU, and whatever doubts remain about the price paid for membership, no Portuguese government in the near future can afford to sever this connection. The vast majority of Portuguese citizens see membership in the EU as a "good thing" and strongly believe that Portugal has benefited from membership. Only the Communist Party opposed membership because it reduces national sovereignty, serves the interests of capitalists not workers, and suffers from a democratic deficit. Despite the high level of support for the EU, Portuguese voters are increasingly not voting in elections for the European Parliament, however. Turnout for European Parliament elections fell from 40 percent of the eligible electorate in the 1999 elections to 38 percent in the 2004 elections.
       In sum, Portugal's turn toward Europe has done much to overcome its backwardness. However, despite the economic, social, and political progress made since 1986, Portugal has a long way to go before it can claim to be on a par with the level found even in Spain, much less the rest of western Europe. As Portugal struggles to move from underde-velopment, especially in the rural areas away from the coast, it must keep in mind the perils of too rapid modern development, which could damage two of its most precious assets: its scenery and environment. The growth and future prosperity of the economy will depend on the degree to which the government and the private sector will remain stewards of clean air, soil, water, and other finite resources on which the tourism industry depends and on which Portugal's world image as a unique place to visit rests. Currently, Portugal is investing heavily in renewable energy from solar, wind, and wave power in order to account for about 50 percent of its electricity needs by 2010. Portugal opened the world's largest solar power plant and the world's first commercial wave power farm in 2006.
       An American documentary film on Portugal produced in the 1970s described this little country as having "a Past in Search of a Future." In the years after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, it could be said that Portugal is now living in "a Present in Search of a Future." Increasingly, that future lies in Europe as an active and productive member of the EU.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Historical Portugal

  • 31 life

    life [laɪf]
    vie1 (a)-(d), 1 (f)-(i), 1 (k) sensation1 (e) nature1 (j) réalité1 (j) prison à vie1 (l) durée1 (m) à vie2
    (pl lives [laɪvz])
    1 noun
    (a) (existence) vie f;
    to give life to sb donner la vie à qn;
    they believe in life after death ils croient à la vie après la mort;
    it's a matter of life and death c'est une question de vie ou de mort;
    life is hard la vie est dure;
    life has been good to us la vie nous a gâtés;
    he hasn't seen much of life il ne connaît pas grand-chose de la vie;
    you really see life as a cop quand on est flic, on en voit de toutes les couleurs;
    there have been several attempts on her life elle a été victime de plusieurs attentats;
    he's in hospital fighting for his life il lutte contre la mort à l'hôpital;
    familiar how's life? comment ça va?;
    what a life! quelle vie!;
    just relax and enjoy life! profite donc un peu de la vie!;
    I want to live my own life je veux vivre ma vie;
    is life worth living? la vie vaut-elle la peine d'être vécue?;
    life is worth living when I'm with her avec elle, la vie vaut la peine d'être vécue;
    meeting him has made my life worth living le rencontrer ou notre rencontre a donné un sens à ma vie;
    he makes her life a misery il lui rend la vie impossible;
    to live life to the British full or American fullest croquer la vie à belles dents;
    hundreds lost their lives des centaines de personnes ont trouvé la mort;
    he emigrated in order to make a new life for himself il a émigré pour commencer une nouvelle vie ou pour repartir à zéro;
    to depart this life quitter ce monde;
    to save sb's life sauver la vie à qn;
    to risk one's life (to do sth) risquer sa vie (à faire qch);
    to risk life and limb risquer sa peau;
    a cat has nine lives un chat a neuf vies;
    to have nine lives (person) avoir l'âme chevillée au corps;
    to take sb's life tuer qn;
    she took her own life elle s'est donné la mort;
    she's the only woman in his life c'est la seule femme dans sa vie;
    to run for one's life or for dear life s'enfuir à toutes jambes;
    run for your lives! sauve qui peut!;
    she was hanging on for dear life elle s'accrochait de toutes ses forces;
    for the life of me I can't remember where we met rien à faire, je n'arrive pas à me rappeler où nous nous sommes rencontrés;
    familiar get a life! t'as rien de mieux à faire de ton temps?;
    British familiar my life! c'est pas vrai!;
    familiar he can't sing to save his life il chante comme un pied;
    not on your life! jamais de la vie!;
    you take your life in your hands when cycling in London on risque sa vie quand on fait du vélo à Londres;
    that's life!, such is life! c'est la vie!;
    this is the life! (ça, c'est) la belle vie!;
    I had the time of my life je ne me suis jamais autant amusé;
    archaic upon my life seigneur!, mon Dieu!
    I've worked hard all my life j'ai travaillé dur toute ma vie;
    in his early life quand il était jeune;
    I began life as a labourer j'ai débuté dans la vie comme ouvrier;
    it began life as a car chassis à l'origine c'était un châssis de voiture;
    we don't want to spend the rest of our lives here on ne veut pas finir nos jours ici;
    I've never eaten snails in my life je n'ai jamais mangé d'escargots de ma vie;
    I ran the race of my life! j'ai fait la course de ma vie!;
    it gave me the fright of my life je n'ai jamais eu aussi peur de ma vie;
    my/her/ etc life's work l'œuvre f de toute ma/sa/ etc vie;
    the fire destroyed her life's work l'incendie a détruit l'œuvre de toute sa vie;
    to mate for life (animal, bird) s'unir pour la vie
    they lead a strange life ils mènent une drôle de vie;
    school life la vie scolaire;
    she's not used to city life elle n'a pas l'habitude de vivre en ville;
    married life la vie conjugale;
    familiar to live the life of Riley mener une vie de pacha;
    life at the top! la grande vie!
    is there life on Mars? y a-t-il de la vie sur Mars?
    (e) (UNCOUNT) (physical feeling) sensation f;
    life began to return to her frozen fingers le sang se remit peu à peu à circuler dans ses doigts gelés
    (f) (liveliness) vie f;
    she's still young and full of life elle est encore jeune et pleine de vie;
    there's no life in this place ça manque d'entrain ici;
    there's a lot more life in Sydney than in Wellington Sydney est nettement plus animé que Wellington;
    to come to life s'animer;
    to bring sb to life (play, book etc) faire vivre qn;
    his arrival put new life into the firm son arrivée a donné un coup de fouet à l'entreprise;
    there's life in the old dog yet! il est encore vert, le bonhomme!;
    she was the life and soul of the party c'est elle qui a mis de l'ambiance dans la soirée, elle fut le boute-en-train de la soirée
    a phone call can save a life un coup de fil peut sauver une vie;
    200 lives were lost in the disaster 200 personnes ont perdu la vie dans la catastrophe, la catastrophe a fait 200 morts;
    no lives were lost il n'y a eu aucune victime, on ne déplore aucune victime
    (h) (durability) (durée f de) vie f;
    double the life of your batteries multipliez par deux la durée de vos piles;
    the average life of an isotope la durée de vie moyenne d'un isotope;
    during the life of the previous government sous le gouvernement précédent
    (i) (biography) vie f;
    she's writing a life of James Joyce elle écrit une biographie de James Joyce
    (j) Art nature f; Literature réalité f;
    to draw from life dessiner d'après nature;
    his novels are very true to life ses romans sont très réalistes;
    that's her to the life c'est elle tout craché
    (k) (in games) vie f;
    when you lose three lives you're out quand on perd trois vies, on est éliminé
    (l) familiar (imprisonment) prison f à vie ;
    the kidnappers got life les ravisseurs ont été condamnés à perpétuité ou à la prison à vie;
    he's doing life il purge une peine à perpétuité
    (m) Finance (of loan) durée f
    (post, member, president) à vie
    he was crippled for life il a été estropié à vie;
    sent to prison for life condamné à perpétuité;
    if you help me, I'll be your friend for life si tu m'aides, je serai ton ami pour la vie;
    a job for life un emploi à vie
    ►► Finance life annuity rente f viagère;
    British life assurance assurance-vie f;
    Life Assurance and Unit Trust Regulatory Organization = organisme britannique contrôlant les activités de compagnies d'assurance-vie et de SICAV;
    life belt bouée f de sauvetage;
    life buoy bouée f de sauvetage;
    Finance life capitalization capitalisation f viagère;
    life class cours m de dessin avec modèle nu;
    life cycle cycle m de vie;
    Marketing life cycle chart, life cycle curve (of product) courbe f du cycle de vie;
    life drawing dessin m d'après modèle;
    life expectancy (of human, animal) espérance f de vie; (of machine, product) durée f (utile) de vie;
    the Life Guards = régiment de cavalerie de la garde royale britannique;
    life history vie f;
    the organism takes on many different forms during its life history l'organisme prend de nombreuses formes au cours de sa vie ou de son existence;
    she told me her whole life history elle m'a raconté l'histoire de sa vie;
    life imprisonment prison f à vie;
    life insurance assurance-vie f;
    to take out life insurance contracter une assurance-vie;
    life jacket gilet m de sauvetage;
    life member membre m à vie;
    life membership adhésion f à vie;
    British life peer pair m à vie;
    British life peerage pairie f à vie;
    Finance life pension pension f à vie;
    American life preserver (life belt) bouée f de sauvetage; (life jacket) gilet m de sauvetage;
    life raft radeau m de sauvetage;
    American Life Saver ® = bonbon acidulé en forme de bouée de sauvetage;
    the life sciences les sciences fpl de la vie;
    anthropology is a life science l'anthropologie fait partie des sciences de la vie;
    life sentence condamnation f à vie ou à perpétuité;
    life skills = aptitude à fonctionner efficacement en société;
    life span (of human, animal) espérance f de vie; (of machine, product) durée f de vie;
    life story biographie f;
    she told me her whole life story elle m'a raconté l'histoire de sa vie;
    familiar just give us the facts, we don't need your life story! tenez-vous-en aux faits, inutile de nous raconter votre vie!;
    life subscription abonnement m à vie;
    life tenant usufruitier(ère) m,f;
    life vest gilet m de sauvetage

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > life

  • 32 голова

    жен.
    1) head имеющий форму головы ≈ capitate(d) с непокрытой головойbareheaded голова кружится, мутится в голове ≈ smb.'s head is swimming голова трещит/раскалывается/разламывается ≈ smb. has a splitting/pounding headache шумит в голове ≈ smb.'s head is pounding склонять голову перед кем-л. ≈ to bow down before smb. хвататься за голову ≈ перен. to clutch one's head (in despair, horror etc) с головы до ног
    2) (как единица счета) head сто голов скота ≈ a hundreds head of cattle
    3) перен. head;
    mind, brain человек с головой ≈ a man with brains, a man of sense мне пришла/взбрела в голову мысль ≈ a thought has occurred to me, a thought has struck me, a thought has come into my mind, a thought has crossed my mind голова идет кругомthoughts are in a whirl голова забита ≈ smb.'s head is filled with ясная голова ≈ clear mind на свежую голову ≈ with a clear head, when one's head is clear вбивать себе в голову, брать себе в голову ≈ to get/take into one's head, to get an idea into one's head that выкинуть из головыto put out of one's head, to dismiss, to get rid (of) вылетать из головы, выскакивать из головы ≈ to slip smb.'s mind, to go out of smb.'s head
    4) (должностное лицо) head, chief, master сам себе голова ≈ one's own master городской головаmayor
    5) перен. (человек) head голова садовая ≈ разг. cabbagehead, blockhead горячая голова ≈ hothead смелая голова ≈ bold spirit пустая головаempty pate светлая головаlucid mind, bright intellect, bright spirit 'баранья голова' ≈ (дурак) sheep's-head буйная голова ≈ (bold) daredevilкак снег на головуall of a sudden головой ручаться за кого-л. ≈ to answer/vouch for smb. as for oneself, to vouch for smb. with one's life валить с больной головы на здоровую ≈ to lay the blame on smb.'s else выдать себя с головой ≈ to give oneself away давать голову на отсечение ≈ разг. to stake one's head/life заплатить головой за что-л., отвечать головой ≈ to pay for smth. with one's life положить/сложить (свою) голову за что-л. ≈ to give (up) one's life for smth. не укладываться в голове у кого-л. ≈ to be beyond smb., to be beyond smb.'s comprehension это не идет/выходит у него из головы ≈ he can't get it out of his mind быть на голову выше кого-л. ≈ перен. to be head and shoulders above smb., to be a cut above smb. навязываться на голову/шею кому-л. ≈ to force oneself upon smb. садиться на голову кому-л. ≈ разг. to be/walk all over smb., to push smb. around вертеться в голове ≈ to be on/at the tip of smb.'s tongue( о чем-л. ускользнувшем из памяти) ;
    to keep running through smb.'s head/mind (о навязчивых мыслях) морочить голову в головах с головой без головы через голову выше головы в первую голову на свою голову повесить голову ломать голову
    голов|а - ж.
    1. head (в знач. единицы счёта скота pl. head) ;
    перен. (ум) mind;
    (умственные способности) brains pl. ;
    у меня болит ~ my head aches, I have a headache;
    у меня ~ кружится I feel giddy;
    у них ~ кружится от успеха they are giddy with success;
    над ~ой overhead;
    ~ой вперёд head first;
    он ушёл в воду с ~ой the water came over his head;
    светлая ~ clear/lucid mind;
    тупая ~ dull brain;
    не выходить из ~ы not go out of one`s mind;
    работать ~ой use one`s brains;
    не терять ~ы keep* one`s head;
    у него ~ хорошо работает he has a good head on his shoulders;
    his head is screwed on the right way разг. ;
    это мне и в голову бы не пришло it would never have entered my head, it would never have occurred to me;
    100 голов скота a hundred head of cattle;

    2. (сахару) sugar-loaf*;

    3.: городской ~ ист. mayor;
    он человек с ~ой he is a man* of brains, he has brains;
    ~ в голову (о лошадях на скачках) neck-and-neck;
    с ~ы до ног from head to foot, from top to toe;
    в первую голову first and foremost;
    сделать что-л. на свою голову bring* smth. upon one self;
    ломать голову rack one`s brains;
    на свежую голову while one is fresh;
    быть на голову выше кого-л. be* head and shoulders above smb. ;
    свалить с больной ~ы на здоровую lay blame on smb. else;
    намылить кому-л. голову give* smb. a dressing down;
    поплатиться за что-л. ~ой pay for smth. with one`s life;
    дел - выше ~ы up to the ears in work;
    (мчаться) сломя голову (go*) at breakneck speed;
    бежать сломя голову rush;
    run* headlong;
    отвечать, ручаться ~ой за что-л. take* full responsibility for smth. ;
    выдать себя с ~ой give* one self away;
    очертя голову headlong;
    сам себе ~ one`s own master.

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > голова

  • 33 squeeze

    1. [skwi:z] n
    1. 1) сжатие, сжимание, сдавливание
    2) пожатие

    to give smb.'s hand a squeeze - крепко пожать кому-л. руку

    3) объятие
    2. разг.
    1) теснота, давка

    we all got in, but it was a tight squeeze - мы все поместились, но было очень тесно

    2) сл. тусовка, сборище

    dinners, card parties and squeezes - обеды, карточные и другие сборища

    3. разг.
    1) давление, принуждение

    to put a squeeze on smb. - прижать кого-л., оказать нажим на кого-л.

    2) вымогательство; шантаж
    4. 1) выжатый сок
    2) выжимки
    5. оттиск (монеты и т. п.)
    6. разг. тяжёлое положение, затруднение, «узкое место»

    manpower [housing] squeeze - недостаток рабочей силы [жилья]

    7. фин., бирж. дорогие деньги, стеснённый кредит; ограничение кредита; высокая стоимость займов (на покупку домов и т. п.)
    8. комиссионные
    9. горн. осадка кровли
    10. австрал. разг. женская талия
    2. [skwi:z] v
    1. сжимать, сдавливать, стискивать

    to squeeze smb.'s hand - крепко пожать кому-л. руку

    2. выжимать, выдавливать (тж. squeeze out)

    to squeeze a sponge [wet clothes] - выжимать губку [мокрую одежду]

    to squeeze dry - а) выжать досуха (полотенце и т. п.); б) выжать до конца (лимон и т. п.)

    cheese and meat paste can now be squeezed out of tubes - сыр и мясной паштет сейчас выжимают из тюбиков

    3. 1) заставлять, вынуждать

    to squeeze a confession from smb. - вынудить признание у кого-л.

    2) вымогать

    to squeeze money from /out of/ smb. - вымогать деньги у кого-л.

    4. (out of) выколачивать (налоги и т. п.); выжимать (из кого-л.)

    to squeeze every penny out of the taxpayer - выжимать последний грош из налогоплательщика

    5. притеснять, эксплуатировать

    the boss squeezed his men unmercifully - хозяин выжимал из рабочих все соки /беспощадно эксплуатировал рабочих/

    6. (тж. squeeze in)
    1) втискивать, впихивать, пропихивать

    to squeeze one's way through a crowd - протискиваться /пробиваться/ сквозь толпу

    to squeeze three suits into a small suitcase - втиснуть три костюма в маленький чемодан

    he squeezed his hand through the opening - он с трудом просунул руку в отверстие

    I was squeezed in between two stout men - я оказался зажатым /стиснутым/ между двумя толстяками

    2) втискиваться, впихиваться, протискиваться

    to squeeze through a door [into a crowded room] - протиснуться в дверь [в забитую людьми комнату]

    the bus was full but I managed to squeeze in - автобус был полон, но мне удалось втиснуться

    we can all three squeeze into the front seat - мы втроём усядемся на переднем сиденье

    7. тесниться (обыкн. squeeze up)

    to squeeze up against smb., smth. - прижиматься к кому-л., чему-л.

    squeeze up a bit more and let the others sit down - потеснитесь немного и дайте другим сесть

    several hundreds were squeezed up against each other in one corner of the stand - несколько сот зрителей стояли прижавшись друг к другу /плечом к плечу/ в одном углу трибуны

    8. делать оттиск (монеты и т. п.)
    9. карт. лишить контрпартнёра заручек в длинной масти ( бридж)
    10. тех. обжимать, уплотнять; выпрессовывать

    to squeeze off a fish - воен. жарг. подорвать торпеду

    НБАРС > squeeze

  • 34 pay off

    1) (to pay in full and discharge (workers) because they are no longer needed: Hundreds of steel-workers have been paid off.) liquidar el sueldo, dar el finiquito, pagar y despedir
    2) (to have good results: His hard work paid off.) valer la pena, dar resultado, ser rentable, compensar
    v.
    amortizar v.
    1) v + o + adv, v + adv + o
    a) (settle, repay) \<\<debt\>\> cancelar, saldar, liquidar, pagar*; \<\<creditor\>\> pagarle* a
    b) \<\<worker\>\> liquidarle el sueldo (or jornal etc) a ( al despedirlo)
    c) ( bribe) (colloq) untarle la mano a (fam), coimear (CS, Per fam), darle* una mordida a (Méx fam)
    2) v + adv ( prove worthwhile) valer* or merecer* la pena, tener* su compensación; \<\<gamble\>\> resultar
    1. VT + ADV
    1) [+ debt] liquidar, saldar; [+ mortgage] amortizar
    2) (=discharge) [+ workers, crew] pagar y despedir
    2.
    VI + ADV merecer or valer la pena

    the gamble paid offmereció or valió la pena arriesgarse

    when do you think it will begin to pay off? — ¿cuándo piensas que empezará a dar resultado?

    * * *
    1) v + o + adv, v + adv + o
    a) (settle, repay) \<\<debt\>\> cancelar, saldar, liquidar, pagar*; \<\<creditor\>\> pagarle* a
    b) \<\<worker\>\> liquidarle el sueldo (or jornal etc) a ( al despedirlo)
    c) ( bribe) (colloq) untarle la mano a (fam), coimear (CS, Per fam), darle* una mordida a (Méx fam)
    2) v + adv ( prove worthwhile) valer* or merecer* la pena, tener* su compensación; \<\<gamble\>\> resultar

    English-spanish dictionary > pay off

  • 35 auszahlen

    (trennb., hat -ge-)
    I v/t
    1. (etw.) pay (out) ( jemandem to s.o.); bar: pay in cash; wie viel bekommst du ( monatlich) ausgezahlt? what do you get cash in hand, Am. what’s your take-home pay (each month)?
    2. (Arbeiter, Gläubiger etc.) pay off; (Partner) buy out
    II v/refl fig. (sich lohnen) pay off; das zahlt sich aus it pays (off in the end); es zahlt sich nicht aus it doesn’t pay, it’s not worth it ( oder the effort etc.)
    * * *
    to disburse; to cash; to pay off; to buy out; to pay out
    * * *
    aus|zah|len sep
    1. vt
    Geld etc to pay out; Arbeiter, Gläubiger to pay off; Kompagnon, Miterben to buy out

    er bekommt EUR 500 die Woche ausgezahlthis net pay is 500 euros a week

    2. vr
    (= sich lohnen) to pay (off)
    * * *
    (to pay in full and discharge (workers) because they are no longer needed: Hundreds of steel-workers have been paid off.) pay off
    * * *
    aus|zah·len
    I. vt
    1. (Betrag aushändigen)
    [jdm] etw \auszahlen to pay out sth [to sb]
    jdn \auszahlen to pay off sep sb; Kompagnon, Miterben to buy out sep sb
    sich akk [für jdn] \auszahlen to pay [off] [for sb]
    * * *
    1.
    transitives Verb pay [out] <sum, wages, etc.>; pay off <worker, employee>; buy out < partner>

    ausgezahlt bekommt er 1 650 Eurohis take-home pay is 1,650 euros

    2.
    reflexives Verb pay off; < investment etc.> pay
    * * *
    auszahlen (trennb, hat -ge-)
    A. v/t
    1. (etwas) pay (out) (
    jemandem to sb); bar: pay in cash;
    wie viel bekommst du (monatlich) ausgezahlt? what do you get cash in hand, US what’s your take-home pay (each month)?
    2. (Arbeiter, Gläubiger etc) pay off; (Partner) buy out
    B. v/r fig (sich lohnen) pay off;
    das zahlt sich aus it pays (off in the end);
    es zahlt sich nicht aus it doesn’t pay, it’s not worth it ( oder the effort etc)
    * * *
    1.
    transitives Verb pay [out] <sum, wages, etc.>; pay off <worker, employee>; buy out < partner>

    ausgezahlt bekommt er 1 650 Euro — his take-home pay is 1,650 euros

    2.
    reflexives Verb pay off; <investment etc.> pay
    * * *
    v.
    to disburse v.
    to pay off (a business partner) v.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > auszahlen

  • 36 auszählen

    (trennb., hat -ge-)
    I v/t
    1. (etw.) pay (out) ( jemandem to s.o.); bar: pay in cash; wie viel bekommst du ( monatlich) ausgezahlt? what do you get cash in hand, Am. what’s your take-home pay (each month)?
    2. (Arbeiter, Gläubiger etc.) pay off; (Partner) buy out
    II v/refl fig. (sich lohnen) pay off; das zahlt sich aus it pays (off in the end); es zahlt sich nicht aus it doesn’t pay, it’s not worth it ( oder the effort etc.)
    * * *
    to disburse; to cash; to pay off; to buy out; to pay out
    * * *
    aus|zah|len sep
    1. vt
    Geld etc to pay out; Arbeiter, Gläubiger to pay off; Kompagnon, Miterben to buy out

    er bekommt EUR 500 die Woche ausgezahlthis net pay is 500 euros a week

    2. vr
    (= sich lohnen) to pay (off)
    * * *
    (to pay in full and discharge (workers) because they are no longer needed: Hundreds of steel-workers have been paid off.) pay off
    * * *
    aus|zah·len
    I. vt
    1. (Betrag aushändigen)
    [jdm] etw \auszahlen to pay out sth [to sb]
    jdn \auszahlen to pay off sep sb; Kompagnon, Miterben to buy out sep sb
    sich akk [für jdn] \auszahlen to pay [off] [for sb]
    * * *
    1.
    transitives Verb pay [out] <sum, wages, etc.>; pay off <worker, employee>; buy out < partner>

    ausgezahlt bekommt er 1 650 Eurohis take-home pay is 1,650 euros

    2.
    reflexives Verb pay off; < investment etc.> pay
    * * *
    auszählen (trennb, hat -ge-)
    A. v/t
    1. count (out); (Stimmen) count
    2. (Boxer) count out
    B. v/t & v/i Kinderspiel: count out
    * * *
    1.
    transitives Verb pay [out] <sum, wages, etc.>; pay off <worker, employee>; buy out < partner>

    ausgezahlt bekommt er 1 650 Euro — his take-home pay is 1,650 euros

    2.
    reflexives Verb pay off; <investment etc.> pay
    * * *
    v.
    to disburse v.
    to pay off (a business partner) v.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > auszählen

  • 37 sanfermines

    1 festival of San Fermín (held in Pamplona)
    * * *
    SANFERMINES The Sanfermines is a week-long festival starting on 7 July in Pamplona (Navarre) to honour San Fermín, the town's patron saint. One of its main events involves bulls and bullfighting. The bulls are led from their enclosure to the bullring early in the morning through the city's main streets; young men, dressed in traditional Navarrese red berets, white shirts and trousers with red sashes around their waists, run through the streets leading the fast-moving bulls. This activity, known as the encierro, in which people risk serious injury and even death, was popularized by writers such as Ernest Hemingway and now attracts visitors from all over the world. The festivities start with the txupinazo, a large rocket fired from Pamplona's main square, and for a full week Pamplona becomes one large street party punctuated by the daily encierro.
    * * *
    * * *
    * * *
    The fiestas de San Fermín, Pamplona's patron saint, are the festival for which the Navarrese capital has become world-famous. It begins on July 6 with the txupinazo, the firing of a rocket in the main square. The bull-running, or encierro, starts at 8 a.m. the following day and takes place every day until July 14. The bulls that will fight that evening are released, and those who wish to, usually young men, run in front of them. Accidents are frequent.
    * * *

    sanfermines sustantivo masculino plural: festival in Pamplona in which bulls are run through the streets
    * * *
    = festival held in Pamplona in July during which bulls are run through the streets of the town
    SANFERMINES
    The sanfermines of Pamplona, celebrations in honour of the local martyr Saint Fermín, are one of the most widely known of Spanish festivals, in no small part due to their being immortalized by Hemingway in “The Sun Also Rises” (1926). For a week on or around the feast of Saint Fermín (7 July) the people of Pamplona and visitors throw themselves wholeheartedly into non-stop celebration. The most eagerly awaited event, apart from the afternoon bullfights themselves, is the “encierro”, the legendary “running of the bulls” at daybreak, where bulls are let loose to run through the city streets on the way to the bullring, pursuing crowds of local and visiting men who try to outrun them. During the three minutes or so of the run there is constant danger that runners (especially inexperienced ones) might be injured, even fatally, and over the years there have been more than a dozen fatalities, and hundreds of runners have been gored. Yet the running of the bulls goes on year after year, offering a unique opportunity for those so inclined to test their nerve and swiftness of foot.

    Spanish-English dictionary > sanfermines

  • 38 शतम् _śatam

    शतम् 1 A hundred; निःस्वो वष्टि शतम् Śānti.2.6; शतमेको$पि संधत्ते प्राकारस्थो धनुर्धरः Pt.1.229; (शत is used in the singular with a plural noun of any gender; शतं नराः; शतं गावः; or शतं गृहाणि, in which case it is treated as a numeral adjective; but sometimes in dual and plural also; द्वे शते, दश शतानि &c. It is also used with a noun in the genitive; गवां शतम्, वर्षाणां शतम् 'a century of cows, years' &c. At the end of comp., it may remain unchan- ged; भव भर्ता शरच्छतम् or may be changed into शती; as in आर्यासप्तशती a work of Govardhanāchārya.).
    -2 Any large number; as in शतपत्र q. v.
    -Comp. -अक्षी 1 night.
    -2 the goddess Durgā.
    -अङ्गः 1 a car, carriage; especially, a war chariot.
    -2 N. of a tree (तिनिश).
    -अनीकः 1 an old man.
    -2 an army officer possessing a hundred footmen; (शतानां तु शतानीकः Śukra.2.14.
    -अब्दम् a century.
    -अरम्, -आरम् the thunderbolt of Indra.
    -अरुस् n.,
    -अरुषी a leprous disease of the skin.
    -अवरः a fine of a hundred.
    -(री) 1 N. of a plant.
    -2 N. of the wife of Indra.
    -आनकम् a cemetery.
    -आनन्दः 1 N. of Brahman.
    -2 of Viṣṇu or Kṛiṣṇa.
    -3 of the car of Viṣṇu.
    -4 of a son of Gau- tama and Ahalyā, the family-priest of Janaka; गौतमश्च शतानन्दो जनकानां पुरोहिताः U.1.16.
    -आयुस् a. lasting or living for a hundred years.
    -आवर्तः, -आवर्तिन् m. N. of Viṣṇu.
    -ईशः 1 the ruler of a hundred.
    -2 the ruler of a hundred villages; Ms.7.115.
    -कर्मन् the planet Saturn.
    -कुम्भः 1 N. of a mountain (where gold is said to be found).
    -2 N. of a sacrifice; शतकुम्भं नाम यज्ञ- मनुभवितुं महर्षेर्धौम्यस्य आश्रमं गता इति Madhyamavyāyoga 1. (
    -म्भम्) gold.
    -कृत्वस् ind. a hundred times.
    -कोटि a. hundred-edged. (
    -टिः) Indra's thunderbolt; कराग्रजाग्र- च्छतकोटिः N.7.79. (-f.) a hundred crores; चरितं रघु- नाथस्य शतकोटिप्रविस्तरम् Rāma-rakṣā 1.
    -क्रतुः an epithet of Indra; अपूर्णमेकेन शतक्रतूपमः शतं क्रतूनामपविघ्नमाप सः R.3.38.
    -खण्डम् gold.
    -गु a. possessed of a hundred cows.
    -गुण, -गुणित a. a hundred-fold, increased a hundred times; अनुपनतमनोरथस्य पूर्वं शतगुणितेव गता मम त्रियामा V.3.22.
    -ग्रन्थिः f. the Dūrvā grass.
    -घ्नः N. of Śiva.
    -घ्नी 1 a kind of weapon used as a missile (supposed by some to be a sort of rocket, but described by others as a huge stone studded with iron spikes and four tālas in length; शतघ्नी च चतुस्ताला लोहकण्टकसंचिता; or अथकण्टकसंच्छक शतघ्नी महती शिला); अयःशङ्कुचितां रक्षः शतघ्नीमथ शत्रवे (अक्षिपत्) R.12.95; Bhāg.9.15.3.
    -2 a female scorpion.
    -3 a disease of the throat.
    -4 N. of a plant (करञ्ज).
    -चन्द्रः a sword or shield adorned with a hundred moons (moon-like spots); ततः शरशतेनास्य शतचन्द्रं समाक्षिपत्त् Mb.7. 97.29. ˚वर्त्मन् a manner of brandishing the sword; तं श्येनवेगं शतचन्द्रवर्त्मभिश्चरन्तमच्छिद्रमुपर्यधो हरिः Bhāg.8.7.28.
    -चरणा a centipede.
    -छदः a kind of wood-pecker.
    -जिह्वः an epithet of Śiva.
    -तारका, -भिषज्, -भिषा f. N. of the 24th lunar mansion containing one hundred stars.
    -दलम् a lotus-flower.
    -दला the white rose.
    -द्रुः f.
    1 N. of a river in the Punjab now called Sutlej.
    -2 N. of the Ganges.
    -धामन् m. an epithet of Viṣṇu.
    -धार a.
    1 flowing in a hundred streams.
    -2 having a hundred edges. (
    -रम्) the thunderbolt of Indra.
    -धृतिः 1 an epithet of Indra.
    -2 of Brahman; गते शत- धृतौ क्षत्तः कर्दमस्तेन चोदितः Bhāg.3.24.21.
    -3 heaven or Svarga.
    -धौत a. perfectly clean.
    -पत्रः 1 a peacock.
    -2 the (Indian) crane.
    -3 a wood-pecker.
    -4 a par- rot or a species of it. (
    -त्रा) a woman. (
    -त्रम्) a lotus; आवृत्तवृन्तशतपत्रनिभम् (आननं) वहन्त्या Māl.1.22. ˚योनि an epithet of Brahman; कम्पेन मूर्ध्नः शतपत्रयोनिं (संभावयामास) Ku.7.46.
    -पत्रकः the wood-pecker.
    -पत्री, -पत्रिकः the white rose.
    -पथब्राह्मणम् N. of a well-known Brāhma- ṇa attached to the Śukla Yajurveda; कृत्स्नं शतपथं चैव प्रणेष्यसि द्विजर्षभ Mb.12.318.11.
    -पद्, -पाद् a. having a hundred feet.
    -पदी, -पाद् f. a centipede.
    -पद्मम् 1 a lotus with a hundred petals.
    -2 the white lotus.
    -पर्वन् -m. a bamboo. (f.)
    1 the full-moon day in the month of Āśvina.
    -2 Dūrvā grass.
    -3 the plant Kaṭukā.
    -4 orris root.
    -5 the wife of Bhārgava or Śukra. ˚ईशः the planet Venus.
    -पर्विका 1 Dūrvā grass.
    -2 orris root.
    -3 barley.
    -पाक a. boiled a hundred times.
    -पाकम् a particular unguent; शतपाकेन तैलेन महार्हेणोपतस्थतुः Mb. 13.53.9.
    -पादः, -पाद् m.,
    -पादी, -पादिका a centipede.
    -पालः an overseer (of a hundred villages).
    -पुष्पः epithet of the poet Bhāravi.
    -पुष्पा, -प्रसूना Anethum Sowa (Mar. शोपा).
    -पोना a sieve.
    -प्रासः the Kara- vīra tree.
    -फलिन् m. a bamboo.
    -भिषज् see ˚तारका.
    -भीरुः f. the Arabian jasmine.
    -मखः, -मन्युः 1 epithets of Indra; प्रसहेत रणे तवानुजान् द्विषतां कः शतमन्युतेजसः Ki. 2.23; Bk.1.5; शतमखमुपतस्थे प्राञ्जलिः पुष्पधन्वा Ku.2. 64; R.9.13.
    -2 an owl.
    -मयूखः the moon.
    -मानः, -नम् 1 a Pala of silver; धरणानि दश ज्ञेयः शतमानस्तु राजतः Ms.8.137; अष्टौ शाणाः शतमानं वहन्ति Mb.3.134.15.
    -2 an Āḍhaka q. v.
    -मार्जः an armourer.
    -मुख a.
    1 having a hundred ways.
    -2 having a hundred outlets, mouths, or openings; विवेकभ्रष्टानां भवति विनिपातः शतमुखः Bh.2.1 (where the word has sense 1 also). (
    -खम्) a hundred ways or openings. (
    -खी) a brush, broom.
    -मूर्धन् m. an ant-hill.
    -मूला the Dūrvā grass,
    -यज्वन् m. an epithet of Indra; उपतस्थुरास्थितविषादधियः शतयज्वनो वनचरा वसतिम् Ki.6.29.
    -यष्टिकः a necklace of one hundred strings.
    -रुद्रियम् 1 a Vedic text (रुद्राध्यायः -'नमस्ते रुद्रमन्यवे' इति याजुषः प्रपाठकः); गृणन्तौ वेदविद्वांसौ तद्व्रह शतरुद्रियम् Mb.7.81.13;7.22.12.
    -2 a particular Śiva-stotra in the Mahābhārata; देवदेवस्य ते पार्थ व्याख्याः शतरुद्रियम् Mb.7.22.48.
    -रूपा N. of a daughter of Brahman (who is supposed to be also his wife, from whose incestuous connection with her father is said to have sprung Manu Svāyambhuva).
    -लुपः, -लुम्पक an epithet of the poet Bhāravi.
    -लोचनः an epithet of Indra; कथं वा तस्य न जयो जोयते शतलोचन Mb.8.87.78.
    -वर्ष a.
    1 a century old.
    -2 lasting for a hundred years. (
    -र्षम्) one hundred years, a century.
    -वीर्या 1 white flowering Dūrvā.
    -2 the plant Śatāvarī.
    -वेधिन् m. a kind of sorrel.
    -शाख a.
    1 various, multiform.
    -2 having hundred, i. e. many branches.
    -संधान a. fixing an arrow a hundred times.
    -सहस्रम् 1 a hundred thousand.
    -2 several hundreds, i. e. a large number.
    -सुखम् endless delight.
    -साहस्र a.
    1 consisting of <?> containing a hundred thousand.
    -2 bought with a hundred thousand.
    -ह्रदा 1 lightning; दूरं पुरःक्षिप्तशतह्नदे Ku.7.39; Mk.5.48; V.4; प्रपतेदपि चाकाशं निपतेनु शतह्रदाः Śiva B.19.2.
    -2 the thunderbolt of Indra.
    -ह्रादा the thunderbolt.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > शतम् _śatam

  • 39 pay off

    1) (to pay in full and discharge (workers) because they are no longer needed: Hundreds of steel-workers have been paid off.) gera upp við
    2) (to have good results: His hard work paid off.) borga sig, heppnast

    English-Icelandic dictionary > pay off

  • 40 pay off

    1) (to pay in full and discharge (workers) because they are no longer needed: Hundreds of steel-workers have been paid off.) elbocsát (alkalmazottat)
    2) (to have good results: His hard work paid off.) kifizetődik

    English-Hungarian dictionary > pay off

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