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21 ἔριφος
Grammatical information: m. and f.Meaning: `young he-goat' (Il., Crete); in plur. name of a constellation of stars (Demokr., Theoc.; s. Scherer Gestirnnamen 124f.).Derivatives: Hypocoristic diminutive ἐρίφιον (Athenio Com.) with ἐριφιήματα ἔριφοι. Λάκωνες H. (on the formation Chantraine Formation 178, Schwyzer 523); adj. ἐρίφειος `belonging to ἔριφος' (Com., X.); Έρίφιος surname of Dionysos in Metapontum (Apollod.; cf. on Εἰραφιώτης); ἐριφέας (for *ἐριφίας?) χίμαρος H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Formation like ἔλαφος a. o. (s. v.). - Resembles a word for `goat, deer', OIr. heirp (\< * erbhī?; futher Pok. 326). Much farther is Arm. oroǰ `agnus, agna' (\< *er-oǰ, erinǰ `young cow' (unclear) and Italic, Lat. aries, -ĕtis, Umbr. erietu `arietem'. Also in ἐρῑνεός `wild fig' an old word for `buck' has been supposed (s. v.). - See W.-Hofmann s. aries. Cf. Specht Ursprung 156 und 221.Page in Frisk: 1,560Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔριφος
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22 -κναίω
- κναίωGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `scrape, scratch', only with prefix, δια-, ἀπο-, ἐκ-, κατα-κναίω (Hp., Trag. in lyr., Att.);Other forms: also as simplex, Att. inf. κνῆ-ν, κνῆ-σθαι, 1. a. 3. sg. pres. κνῶ, κνῃ̃, ipf. ἐπὶ... κνῆ (Λ 639), also κνᾶ-ν (Hdt.), κνᾶ-σθαι, κνᾳ̃ (hell.); further κνήθω, also with κατα-, ἐν-, ἐπι- a. o. (Arist., hell.). Non-pres. forms: 1. - κναῖσαι, - κναισθῆναι, - κναίσω, - κεκναισμένος (Ar., E. in lyr., Pl.,Theoc.); more usual (as simpl. a. comp.) 2. κνῆσαι, Dor. opt. midd. (Theoc.) κνάσαιο, κνησθῆναι, κνήσω, κέκνησμαι (IA.).Derivatives: Action nouns: 1. κνῆσις `scratching, tickling' (Pl.) with κνησιάω `desire to tickle' (Ar., Pl.), also κνηστιάω `id.' (Gal., Jul.; after the verbs in - τιάω) and κνηθιάω `id.' (Hdn., EM; after κνήθω, cf. Schwyzer 732). 2. κνῆσμα (rarely κνῆμα) `id.' (Hp., X.); 3. κνησμονή `id.' (medic.; πῆμα: πημονή etc.); 4. κνησμός `id.' (Hp., Arist.) with κνησμώδης `affected with itching' (Hp., Arist., Str.). 5. κνηθμός `itching' (Nic.). - Agent nouns and instruments: 6. κνῆστις f. (from *κνήστης m.) `knife for scratching, cheese-grater' (Λ 640, Nic., Opp.), also `spine' (κ 161; cf. ἄκνηστις s.v.); diff. on κνῆστις z. B. Fraenkel Glotta 4, 41ff., Benveniste Noms d'agent 77; 7. κνηστήρ `scratching knife' (Nic.). 8. κνηστίς -ίδος f. `hollow hair-pin' (Plu.). 9. κνῆστρον `stinging plant, Daphne oleoides, θυμελαία' (Hp., Dsc.); κνηστρίον `scraper', ( Edict. Diocl.). - Adj. 10. κνηστικός `scratching, itching' (Sch.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Of the presents κναίειν, κνῆν, κνήθειν the last can be an innovation to κνῆ-σαι etc. after πλῆ-σαι: πλή-θ-ω, λῆ-σαι: λήθ-ω a. o. The pair κνῆν: κναίειν agrees with the semantically close ψῆν: ψαίειν. - One compares several words with initial IE. * k(e)n- but with different forms, which is not surprising in view of the emotional value of expressions for `scratch, grate'. With κνῆ-ν (prob. orig. athematic; Schwyzer 675f., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 297 a. 307) from IE. * knē- agree best in Baltic and Germanic Lith. kn(i)ó-tis `peek (oneself) off, get loose', OHG nuoen `make smooth by scratching, fit exactly' (with OHG hnuo `joint, groove' etc.) from IE. * knō-? (cf. κνώ-δ-αλον?), perh. * knā- as in Alb. krromë `scab, mange' form IE. *knā-mn̥ (Gr. κνῆμα is independent). Lat. cnāsonas however, acc. pl. `scratching nails' (Paul. Fest. 52) from hell. *κνά̄σων `scratcher' ( κνᾶσαι ὀλέσαι, λυπῆσαι H.); cf. Leumann Sprache 1, 207. - The - αι- in κναίω however has no direct counterpart (Lith. knaisýti is secondary to knìsti `scratch', s. κνίζω). Connecting κνῆ-ν and κναί-ειν to an old paradigma (* knē[i]-mi: knǝi-mé (Schwyzer 676; cf. Specht Ursprung 325; the last form is impossible since the laryngeal theory) is quite hypothetical. - Cf. κνίζω, κνύω, κνάπτω; κνώδαλον, κνήφη, κνέωρος and κόνις; s. Pok. 559ff., Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. knablỹs. - Strangely enough it has not been proposed that the words could well be Pre-Greek; the meaning makes this quite possible; the connections in Pok. 599 are far from convincing. Cf. also κναδάλλεται κνήθεται H., with which compare γνάφαλλον, γνόφαλον, which are clearly Pre-Greek (s.s.v. κνάπτω); is κναδ- a variant of κνηθ-? For κναδ- no PIE prefrom can be reconstructed (cf. on γνάθος). Note that Kuiper assumed that words with kn- in Germanic were prob. substrate, NOWELE 25 (1995) 68 a.70. The formation of κνήσων (and the Latin loan cnāsōn- cited above) seems non-IE; cf. DELG s.v. Also the formation of a verb in - αίω is unknown.Page in Frisk: 1,880-881Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > -κναίω
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23 ὄχλος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: 1. `(orderless, moved) crowd, (common) multitude, great mass, throng', pl. `crowd, people'; 2. `disturbance, perturbation, annoyance' (Pi., IA.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. ὀχλο-κρατία f. `mob-rule' (Plb., Plu., s. lit. on δημοκρατία), ἄ-οχλος `without disturbances, not disturbing' (Hp.).Derivatives: Adj. 1. ὀχλ-ηρός `bothersome, annoying' (IA.) with - ηρία f. (LXX); 2. - ικός `belonging to a great multitude, mobbish' (hell.); 3. - ώδης `annoying' (IA.), `popular, common' (Plu.). Subst. 4. ὀχλεύς μοχλός, στρόφιγξ, δεσμός... H.; ἐποχλεύς m. `sprag on a cart' (Ath.), prob. for *ἐποχεύς; ἐποχλίζομαι `to be bolted' (Apollon. Lex.). -- Denominative verbs 5. ὀχλέω `to put in (rolling) motion, to roll away' (Φ 261; ἀν-οχλέω = ἀν-οχλίζω S. E.), `to disturb, to perturb, to bother' (Ion., hell.; w. prefix, esp. ἐν-, also Att.); from it ὄχλ-ησις ( ἐν- ὄχλος) f. `bothering, interference, perturbation' (Democr., hell.), ( ἐν-)ὄχλ-ημα `id.' (Epicur., medic.), ὀχλητι-κός = ὀχλικός (Procl.); 6. ὀχλεύονται = ὀχλεῦνται κυλινδοῦνται H.; 7. ὀχλ-ίζω, also w. μετ-, ἀν- a.o., `to pull up, out of place' (Il.); 8. ὀχλ-άζω `to be disturbed, confused' (LXX).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1118] *u̯eǵh- `move, drive, ride'Etymology: The orig. meaning of the verbal nouns ὄχλος, which was concretized as `heap, crowd', cannot be established with more certainty; in the sense of `perturbation etc.' it may have been influenced by ὀχλέω (cf. Bosshardt 78). If one starts from *Ϝόχ-(σ)λο-ς (on the possible loss of a Ϝ- in Hom. s. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 125), ὄχλος agrees well with the well-known verb for `drive, carry, bring, move' in Ϝέχω (s. 2. ἔχω), ὀχέομαι, Lat. vehō etc., IE *u̯oǵh-(s)lo-; cf. the interpretations of Sealey Glotta 37, 281 ff. The broad sphere of meaning gives several possibiliies: *'driving, carrying, moving', resp. as nom. agentis or instr. *'driver, carryer, mover'. -- Formally identical is OWNo. vagl m. `tiebeam, roost' (prop. *'bearing-bar, carrier'). To the denominative ὀχλ-ίζω `raise', ὀχλ-έω `roll away' and to ὀχλ-εύς `lever etc.' agree semantically the primary nouns Lat. vec-tis and OWNo. vǫg (IE *u̯oǵhā) `lever'. From *`move, movement' one gets both to `moved mass, mob' and to `spiritual movement, unrest'; the same holds for the denominative ὀχλέω (cf. turba, - āre). -- Uncertain supposition on cross with μοχλός, - έω in Güntert Reimwortbildungen 161 f. Older hypothesis in Bq (rejected). Wrong Belardi Doxa 3, 217. -- Further lit. s. ὄχος.Page in Frisk: 2,456-457Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὄχλος
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24 αἰών
αἰών, ῶνος, ὁ, [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. also ἡ, as in Pi.P.4.186, E.Ph. 1484: apocop. acc. αἰῶ,A like Ποσειδῶ, restored by Ahrens (from AB 363) in A.Ch. 350: (properly αἰϝών, cf. aevum, v. αἰεί):— period of existence (τὸ τέλος τὸ περιέχον τὸν τῆς ἑκάστου ζωῆς χρόνον.. αἰὼν ἑκάστου κέκληται Arist.Cael. 279a25
):I lifetime, life,ψυχή τε καὶ αἰών Il.16.453
;ἐκ δ' αἰ. πέφαται Il.19.27
;μηδέ τοι αἰ. φθινέτω Od.5.160
;λείπει τινά Il.5.685
; ἀπ' αἰῶνος νέος ὤλεο (Zenod. νέον) 24.725;τελευτᾶν τὸν αἰῶνα Hdt.1.32
, etc.;αἰῶνος στερεῖν τινά A.Pr. 862
;αἰῶνα διοιχνεῖν Id.Eu. 315
;συνδιατρίβειν Cratin. 1
; αἰ. Αἰακιδᾶν, periphr. for the Aeacidae, S.Aj. 645 s. v. l.;ἀπέπνευσεν αἰῶνα E.Fr. 801
;ἐμὸν κατ' αἰῶνα A.Th. 219
.II long space of time, age, αἰὼν γίγνεται 'tis an age, Men.536.5; esp. with Preps., ἀπ' αἰῶνος of old, Hes.Th. 609, Ev.Luc.1.70;οἱ ἀπὸ τοῦ αἰ. Ῥωμαῖοι D.C. 63.20
; δι' αἰῶνος perpetually, A.Ch.26, Eu. 563; all one's life long, S. El. 1024; δι' αἰῶνος μακροῦ, ἀπαύστου, A.Supp. 582, 574; τὸν δι' αἰ. χρόνον for ever, Id.Ag. 554; εἰς ἅπαντα τὸν αἰ. Lycurg.106, Isoc.10.62; εἰς τὸν αἰ. LXX Ge.3.23, al., D.S.21.17, Ev.Jo.8.35, Ps.-Luc. Philopatr.17;εἰς αἰῶνα αἰῶνος LXX Ps.131(132).14
; ἐξ αἰῶνος καὶ ἕως αἰῶνος ib.Je.7.7; ἐπ' αἰ. ib.Ex.15.18; ἕως αἰῶνος ib.1 Ki.1.22, al.:— without a Prep., τὸν ἅπαντα αἰ. Arist. Cael. 279a22;τὸν αἰῶνα Lycurg. 62
, Epicur.Ep.1p.8U.; eternity, opp. χρόνος, Pl.Ti. 37d, cf. Metrod. Fr.37, Ph.1.496, 619, Plot.3.7.5, etc.;τοὺς ὑπὲρ τοῦ αἰῶνος φόβους Epicur.Sent.20
.2 space of time clearly defined and marked out, epoch, age, ὁ αἰὼν οὗτος this present world, opp. ὁ μέλλων, Ev.Matt.13.22, cf. Ep.Rom.12.2; ὁ νῦν αἰ. 1 Ep.Tim.6.17, 2 Ep.Tim.4.10:—hence in pl., the ages, i.e. eternity, Phld.D.3 Fr.84;εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰ. LXX To.13.4
; εἰς τοὺς αἰ.ib.Si.45.24, al., Ep.Rom.1.25, etc.;εἰς τοὺς αἰ. τῶν αἰώνων LXX 4 Ma.18.24
, Ep.Phil.4.20, etc.; ἀπὸ τῶν αἰ., πρὸ τῶν αἰ., Ep.Eph.3.9, 1Cor.2.7; τὰ τέλη τῶν αἰ. ib.10.11.3 Αἰών, ὁ, personified,Αἰὼν Χρόνου παῖς E.Heracl. 900
(lyr.), cf. Corp.Herm.11, etc.; as title of various divine beings, Dam.Pr. 151, al.; esp.=Persian Zervan, Suid. s.v. Ἡρασκος.4 Pythag., = 10, Theol.Ar.59.B spinal marrow (perh. regarded as seat of life), h.Merc 42, 119, Pi.Fr. 111, Hp.Epid.7.122; perh. also Il.19.27. -
25 κρείσσων
κρείσσων, ον, gen. ονος, as always in [dialect] Ep. and old [dialect] Att.; later [dialect] Att. [full] κρείττων; [dialect] Ion. [full] κρέσσων Hp.Fract.3, al., v.l. in Dionys.Trag. (v. infr. 11); [dialect] Dor. [full] κάρρων (q.v.); Cret. [full] κάρτων Leg.Gort.1.15:—[comp] Comp. of κρατύς (v. κράτιστος),A stronger, mightier,κ. βασιλεύς, ὅτε χώσεται ἀνδρὶ χέρηϊ Il.1.80
; esp. in battle,κρείσσοσιν ἶφι μάχεσθαι 21.486
;Διὸς κ. νόος ἠέ περ ἀνδρῶν 16.688
;κεραυνοῦ κρέσσον.. βέλος Pi.I.8(7).36
, cf. Hdt.7.172, Hp.l.c., etc.;κρείσσων χεῖρας Antipho 4.4.7
;τὸ τοῦ κ. συμφέρον Pl.R. 338c
, cf. Democr.267: hence, having the upper hand, superior,ὁππότερος δέ κε νικήσῃ κ. τε γένηται Il.3.71
;κ. ἀρετῇ τε βίῃ τε 23.578
: as Law-term, of witnesses, prevail,Leg.Gort.
l.c.2 freq. as [comp] Comp. of ἀγαθός, better, κρέσσονες one's betters, esp. in point of rank, Pi.O.10(11).39, N.10.72 (but also, the stronger, more powerful, E.Or. 710, Th.1.8, etc.); , cf. SIG685.134 (Magn. Mae., ii B. C.); οἱ κ. corps of guards at Thebes, Plu.2.598e; κρείσσονες θεοί, of the greater gods, as opp. to Oceanus, A.Pr. 902 (lyr.);ὁ κ. Ζεύς Id.Ag.60
(anap.); οἱ κ. the Higher Powers, Id.Fr.10, Pl.Sph. 216b, Euthd. 291a, etc.; τὰ κρείσσω, = τὰ θεῖα, E. Ion 973; τὸ κ. the Almighty, Providence, Corp.Herm.18.11, Jul.Ep. 204, Agath.1.16, Procop.Gaz. Pan.p.492; τὰ κρείσσονα one's advantages, .3 c. inf., οὔ τις ἐμεῖο κρείσσων.. δόμεναι no one has a better right to.., Od.21.345;οὐκ ἄλλος κ. παραμυθεῖσθαι Pl. Plt. 268b
; κρεῖσσόν ἐστι c. inf., 'tis better to..,κ. γάρ ἐστιν εἰσάπαξ θανεῖν ἢ.. πάσχειν κακῶς A.Pr. 750
, cf. 624, Hdt.3.52, etc.;τὸ μὴ εἶναι κ. ἢ τὸ ζῆν κακῶς S.Fr. 488
, cf. Apollod.Com.6; also κρείσσων εἰμί c. part., κ. γὰρ ἦσθα μηκέτ' ὢν ἢ ζῶν τυφλός thou wert better not alive, than living blind, S.OT 1368, cf. Aj. 635 (lyr.);κ. ἦν ὁ ἀγὼν μὴ γεγενημένος Aeschin.1.192
, cf. D.H.6.9.II c. gen. or ἤ, too great for, surpassing, beyond,ὕψος κ. ἐκπηδήματος A.Ag. 1376
; of evil deeds, κρείσσον' ἀγχόνης too bad for hanging, S.OT 1374; κρεῖσσον δεργμάτων too bad to look on, E.Hipp. 1217; ; λέγετι σιγῆς κρεῖσσον ()ἢ σιγὴν ἔχε Dionys.Trag. 6
;κρείσσον' ἢ λέξαι λόγῳ τολμήματα E.Supp. 844
; κ. ἢ λόγοισιν (sc. εἰπεῖν) Id.IT 837;ἀναρχία κ. πυρός Id.Hec. 608
; πρᾶγμα ἐλπίδος κ. γεγενημένον worse than one expected, Th.2.64;κ. λόγου τὸ κάλλος X.Mem.3.11.1
;κ. τῆς ἡμετέρας δυνάμεως Id.Cyr.7.5.9
.III having control over, master of, esp. of desires and passions,τῶν ἡδονῶν Democr.214
;τοῦ ἔρωτος X.Cyr.6.1.34
; γαστρὸς καὶ κερδέων ib.4.2.45; αὑτῶν over themselves, Pl.Phdr. 232a, al.; κ. χρημάτων superior to the influence of money, Th.2.60, Isoc.1.19;τῶν συμμάχων κ. X. Ath.2.1
; also, putting oneself above,κ. τοῦ δικαίου Th.3.84
; κρείσσους ὄντες.. τῷ λογισμῷ ἐς τὸ ἀνέλπιστον τοῦ βεβαίου having reasoned themselves into an absolute belief of the hopelessness of certainty, ib.83; φαύλους καὶ κρείττους τῆς παιδείας, = οὓς παιδευθῆναι ἀδύνατον (just below), Arist.Pol. 1316a9.IV better, more excellent,ἁρμονίη ἀφανὴς φανερῆς κ. Heraclit.54
;κ. ἐπ' ἀρετήν Democr.181
; ὁ κρείττων λόγος (opp. ὁ ἥσσων) Ar.Nu. 113; κατὰ τὸ κ. in a higher sense, opp. κατὰ τὸ χεῖρον, Dam.Pr.7.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κρείσσων
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26 οὖρος
οὖρος (A), ὁ,A fair wind,ἡμῖν δ' αὖ κατόπισθε νεὸς.. ἴκμενον οὖ. ἵει πλησίστιον Od.11.7
, cf. 15.292, Il.1.479, etc.;νηῦς.., ᾗ λιγὺς οὖ. ἐπιπνείῃσιν ὄπισθεν Od.4.357
;πέμψω δέ τοι οὖ. ὄπισθεν 5.167
; οὖ. ἀπήμονά τε λιαρόν τε ib. 268;πομπαῖος Pi.P.1.34
; πρύμνηθεν οὖ. E.Tr.20;πλευστικός Theoc.13.52
;Διὸς οὖρος Od.5.176
, etc. (rarely of a rough breeze or storm, Il.14.19, A.R.2.900); ἂψ δὲ θεοὶ οὖ. στρέψαν the gods changed the wind again to a fair one, Od.4.520: pl., ib. 360; later, ἀποπέμπειν κατ' οὖρον send down (i. e. with) the wind, speed on its way, Orac. ap. Hdt.4.163: so metaph., ἴτω κατ' οὖρον.. πᾶν τὸ Λαΐου γένος let it be swept before the wind to ruin, A.Th. 690;κατ' οὖρον.. αἴρονται φυγήν Id.Pers. 481
; ταῦτα μὲν ῥείτω κατ' οὖρον let them drift with wind and stream, S.Tr. 468;εὔθυνε δαίμονος οὖρον Pi.O.13.28
; οὖ. ὀφθαλμῶν ἐμῶν αὐτῇ γένοιτ' ἄπωθεν ἑρπούσῃ let a fair wind be with her as she goes from my sight, i.e. let her go as quick as may be, S. Tr. 815; οὖρός [ἐστι] 'tis a fair time, Id.Ph. 855 (lyr.); γένοιτό ( ἐγένετό codd.) (lyr.); οὖ. ἐπέων, ὕμνων, Pi.O. 9.47 (cj. for οἶμον), N.6.29, P.4.3 [pron. full] [ῠ].—Rare in Prose, as X.HG2.3.31, Luc.Tox.7.------------------------------------οὖρος (B), ὁ,A watcher, guardian,οὖρον ἰὼν κατέλειπον ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσι Od.15.89
;Νέστωρ.., οὖ. Αχαιῶν Il.8.80
, 11.840, 15.370, Od.3.411; οὖ. Αἰακιδᾶν, of Achilles, Pi.I.8(7).60;νήσου A.R.4.1643
;βουκολίων Opp.C.1.375
; cf. ἐπίουρος, οὐρεύς. (I.-E. sorwos 'guardian', found also as second element in πυλωρός (πυλαουρός), θυρωρός, φρουρός (fr. προ-ὁρ (ϝ) ος) , οἰχῶρος ([etym.] οἰκουρός), etc., Avest. pasu(š)-haurva- 'cattle-guarding', epith. of a dog: cogn. with ἐρύω (B), q.v.: also with ὄρομαι ([etym.] ἐπί), cf. Avest. haurvaiti and haraiti 'watches'.)------------------------------------------------------------------------A urus, Bos primigenius, AP6.332 (Hadr.). -
27 προσήκω
προσήκω (written προσhεκ-, i.e. προσἡκ-, IG12.57.15), [dialect] Dor. [full] ποθήκω GDI2151, al. (Delph.), hyperdor. [full] ποθάκω Diotog. ap. Stob. 4.1.133:—A to have come, be at hand, be present,χρεία προσήκει A.Pers. 143
(anap.);ὡς φίλοι προσήκετε S.Ph. 229
, cf. OC35, El. 1142; ; π. ὄχθαι ἐπὶ τὸν ποταμόν reach to the river, X.An.4.3.23;τοῦ πρὸς ταῦτα -ήκοντος θεάτρου Id.HG7.4.31
.II metaph., belong to, ; τῷ γὰρ προσήκει.. τόδε; whom does this concern? Id.El. 909; Πενθεῖ δὲ τί μέρος.. προσῆκε; E.Ba. 1301;νομίσας ἑορτὴν ἑαυτῷ τι προσήκειν Th.1.126
;τῇ βασιλείᾳ π. οὐ ῥᾳδιουργία, ἀλλὰ καλοκἀγαθία X.Ages.11.6
, cf. Pl.R. 443a;ὅσα τριήρεσιν προσήκει Id.Criti. 117d
, etc.; γεωργίᾳ, ναυτιλίᾳ π., appertain to.., Id.R. 527d: sts. folld. byπρός, οὐδὲν πρὸς Πέρσας τοῦτο π. τὸ πάθος Hdt.8.100
, cf. D.C. 58.27.b of persons, belong to, be related to (cf. infr. 111.3), τινι E.IT 550; Τηρεῖ·.. ὁ Τήρης οὗτος οὐδὲν π. Th.2.29; αὐτῇ π. Φειδίας is concerned with her, Ar. Pax 616;προσήκετε ἡμῖν τὰ μέγιστα Th.6.84
;π. γένει Ar.Ra. 698
: c. inf., οὐ προσήκομεν κολάζειν τοῖσδε we do not belong to them to punish, i.e. it is not for them to punish us, E.Or. 771 (troch.).2 impers., it belongs to, concerns, freq. with neg. and gen. rei (with περί c. gen., Phld.Rh.1.202 S.), οὐδέν μοι π. τῆς αἰτίας ταύτης I have nothing to do with.., Antipho 6.33, cf. X.An.3.1.31, Cyr.8.1.37;ἐμοὶ οὐδαμόθεν π. τούτου τοῦ πράγματος And.4.34
;οὐδ' ὁτιοῦν π. ἑαυτοῖς οὐδενὸς τῶν Ἁγνίου D.43.20
, cf. 35.33; so with a question, τί οὖν π. δῆτ' ἐμοὶ Κορινθίων; Ar.Av. 969, cf. X.Mem.4.5.10, etc.; προσήκει [τισὶ] οἰκείου τινὸς ἀγαθοῦ they possess a peculiar excellence, Dam.Pr.34.b c. dat. pers. et inf., it belongs to, beseems,οἷς προσῆκε πενθῆσαι A.Ch. 173
; ; ;ἀγαθοῖς ὑμῖν π. εἶναι X. An.3.2.11
, cf. Pl.Phdr. 233a; cf. infr. 111.4: c.acc. pers., οὔ σε προσήκει.. λέγειν' tis not meet that thou.., A.Ag. 1551 (anap.), cf. E.Or. 1071, Pl.Grg. 491d, X.An.3.2.15 (the [tense] impf. προσῆκεν is said to be used for προσήκει in 7.7.18, Eq.12.14: [dialect] Att. usage, acc. to Thom.Mag.p.287 R.): sts. the two constructions are combined,προσήκει τοῖς μὲν ἄλλοις.. στέργειν, σὲ δὲ.. νομίζειν Isoc.5.127
: sts. the inf. is supplied, ἑκάστῳ (v.l. ἕκαστος)ἀπολοφυράμενοι ὃν π. [ἀπολοφύρασθαι] ἄπιτε Th.2.46
;ἐγὼ δὲ πάνθ' ὅσα π. τὸν ἀγαθὸν πολίτην [πράττειν] ἔπραττον D.18.180
, cf. 23.164, Isoc.15.119, X.Mem.2.1.32.III freq. in Part. as Adj.,1 belonging to one,αἰτία οὐδὲν ἐμοὶ προσήκουσα D.21.110
, cf. Antipho 5.2; μηθενὶ μηθὲν ποθήκουσα, of a slave, GDI l.c.: c.gen., ἐν τοῖς τοῦ πράγματος ἑκάστοις προσήκουσιν all that belongs to his business, Pl.Lg. 643b: abs., τὰς οὐ προσηκούσας ἁμαρτίας not his own faults, Antipho 3.2.10; τὰ μὴ π. ([etym.] ἀλλότρια)ἐπικτωμένους Th.4.61
;οἱ π. ξύμμαχοι Id.1.40
, etc.2 befitting, proper, meet, π. ἐγκλήματα ibid., Hyp. Eux.24;ἡ π. σωτηρία Th.6.83
;τὸ π. ἑκάστῳ ἀποδιδόναι Pl.R. 332c
; , cf.Epin. 985d;ἔλεος D.21.196
, etc.: τὰ π. what is fit, seemly, εἰπεῖν περὶ Κύρου τὰ π. X.Cyr.3.3.1; τὰ π. πράττειν to do one's duty, Id.Mem.1.1.12, etc.;τὰ π. ἔργα Id.HG3.4.16
; also τὸ προσῆκον fitness, propriety, ἐκτὸς τοῦ π. E.Heracl. 214; πέρα τοῦ π. Antipho 5.1; μακρότερα τοῦ π. Pl.Cra. 413a; μᾶλλον τοῦ π. Id.Lg. 697c; παρὰ τὸ π. Id.Phlb. 36d, Thphr.Char.17.1; κατὰ τὸ π. Plu.2. 122a; soοὐκ ἐκ προσηκόντων Th.3.67
: c. inf., προσήκοντα ἀκοῦσαι σοφίσματα fit to hear, Pl.R. 496a;λόγοι π. ἀκούειν Id.Lg. 811d
.3 of persons, akin,τὸ ἀνέκαθεν τοῖσι Κυψελίδῃσι ἦν προσήκων Hdt.6.128
, cf. A.Ch. 689;γένει προσήκων βασιλεῖ X.An.1.6.1
;οἱ προσήκοντες γένει E.Med. 1304
, cf. Pl.Lg. 874a; κατὰ γένος, διὰ συγγένειαν, Plu. Thes.19, Cat.Mi.14, etc.;οἱ προσήκοντες τῷ νεκρῷ Hdt.4.14
, cf. X. HG1.7.21, etc.; οἱ προσήκοντές οἱ his relations, Hdt.1.216; alsoοἱ π. τινός Th.1.128
, Lys.18.1, Pl.Ap. 34b;οἱ μάλιστα π. Hdt.3.24
;πατέρας καὶ ἀδελφοὺς καὶ ἄλλους τοὺς π. Pl.Ap. 33d
; [dialect] Dor. οἱ ποθίκοντες Orac. ap. D.43.66: hence αἱ προσήκουσαι ἀρεταί hereditary fair fame, Th.4.92.b οὐδὲν προσήκων one who has nothing to do with the matter, Pl.R. 539d; οὐδὲν προσῆκον ἐνίοις though there is no connexion in some cases, Id.Cra. 397b: c. inf., θεὸν.. οὐδὲν προσήκοντ' ἐν γόοις παραστατεῖν having no concern with assisting one in sorrows, A.Ag. 1079; πρὸς τοὺς μὴ προσήκοντας (sc. ὀλιγωρίας τυγχάνειν) Arist.Rh. 1379b12.4 abs. in neut., οὐ προσῆκον though or since it is not fitting, Th.3.40;οὐδὲν π... ἐπιτάσσειν Id.6.82
, cf. 84: without a neg., prob. in Hyp.Dem.Fr.10;ὡς π. αὐτοῖς χρῆσθαι Pl.Tht. 196e
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προσήκω
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28 στόμα
Aστομάτοιο Hymn.Mag.2(2).10
,28:— mouth, Il.14.467, etc.;σύν τε στόμ' ἐρεῖσαι Od.11.426
; ἱμείρων γλυκεροῦ ς. Sol.25; of animals, Hes.Sc. 146, 389, S.Ph. 1156 (lyr.), etc.:—pl. is sts. used for sg., ἀμφιπίπτων στόμασιν, of kissing, Id.Tr. 938, cf. E.Alc. 403 (lyr.), and freq. in later Poets, A.R. 4.1607, Nic.Al. 210, 240, etc.: metaph., πτολέμοιο, ὑσμίνης στόμα, the very jaws of the battle, as of a devouring monster, Il.10.8, 20.359 (but cf. infr. 111.1).2 esp. the mouth as the organ of speech,δέκα μὲν γλῶσσαι, δέκα δὲ στόματ' 2.489
, cf. Thgn.18;βραχύ μοι σ. πάντ' ἀνᾱγήσασθαι Pi.N.10.19
; freq. in Trag., σ. τὸ Δῖον the mouth of Zeus, A.Pr. 1032; τὸ Φοίβου θεῖον ἀψευδὲς ς. Id.Fr.350.5, cf. S.OC 603;τοῦ στόματος τὸ στρογγύλον Ar.Fr. 471
; Μοισᾶν καπυρὸν ς. their mouthpiece, organ, Theoc.7.37, cf. Mosch.3.72; Πιερίδων τὸ σοφὸν ς., of Homer, AP7.4 (Paul. Sil.), cf. 7.6 (Antip. Sid.), 7.75 (Antip.), 9.184;τὸ μισόχρηστον σ. τῆς κωμῳδίας Phld. Piet.p.93G.
; speech, utterance, S.OT 426, 706, OC 132 (lyr.), etc.; εἰς τόδ' ἐξελθόντος ἀνόσιον ς. ib. 981; κἂν καλὸν φορῇ ς. Id.Fr. 930;τὸ σὸν.. σ. ἐλεινόν Id.OT 671
;διδόναι σ. καὶ σοφίαν Ev.Luc.21.15
: in pl. of a single speaker, S.OT 1220 (lyr.):—special phrases: οἴγειν ς. A. Pr. 611; τοὐμὸν οὐ λύω ς. E.Hipp. 1060, cf. Isoc.12.96; διᾶραι τὸ ς. D. 19.112; κοίμησον ς. keep silence, A.Ag. 1247; δάκνειν ς., i.e. to keep a stern silence (cf. ὀδάξ), Id.Fr. 397;ἴσχε δακὼν σ. σόν S.Tr. 977
(anap.); ὀδόντι πρῖε τὸ ς. Id.Fr. 897; so κλῄσας ς. E.Ph. 865; οὐκ ἐφέξετε ς.; Id.Hec. 1283; σῖγ' ἕξομεν ς. Id.Hipp. 660; εὖ ἔχειν σ.,= εὐφημεῖν, Eup. 381; συγκλῄειν ς. Ar.Th.40(anap.):—of style, τὸ Λυσιακὸν ς. D.H.Lys. 12.3 with Preps.,a ἀνὰ στόμα ἔχειν have always in one's mouth, whether for good or ill, E.El.80;ἀνὰ σ. καὶ διὰ γλώσσης ἔχειν Id.Andr.95
.b ἀπὸ στόματος εἰπεῖν speak from memory (cf. ἀπὸ γλώσσης), Pl.Tht. 142d, X.Mem.3.6.9, Philem.48, Plu.Sol.8, etc.cδιὰ στόμα λέγειν A.Th. 579
, cf. E.Or. 103 (soκατὰ τὸ σ. ᾄδειν Ar.Nu. 158
);διὰ στόμα ἔχειν Id.Lys. 855
;οἶκτος οὔτις ἦν διὰ στόμα A.Th.51
; πᾶσι διὰ στόματος 'tis the common talk, Theoc.12.21.dἐν στόμασι εἶχον Hdt.3.157
, 6.136;πολλῶν κείμενος ἐν στόμασιν Thgn.240
;ἐν τῷ σ. λέγειν Ar.Ach. 198
.e ἐξ ἑνὸς σ. with one voice, Id.Eq. 670. Pl.R. 364a, PGiss.36.13 (ii B.C.), Gal.15.763; so ὡς ἀφ' ἑνὸς ς. AP11.159 (Lucill.).f ἐπὶ στόμα on one's face, face-foremost, ἐξεκυλίσθη πρηνὴς.. ἐπὶ ς. Il.6.43, cf. 16.410;ὡς κύων ἐπὶ σ. κείμενος Archil.Supp.2.9
; ὗς ἔκειτ' ἐπὶ ς. Men.21; ἐπὶ σ. κεῖται lies prone, of the right ventricle, Hp.Cord.4; ἐπὶ ς.,= pronus, Gloss.;ἐπὶ σ. πεσόντα Plu.Art.29
;ἐπὶ σ. φερόμενον ἐν πᾶσι Timae.
ap.Plb.12.8.4; also ὅ τι νῦν ἦλθ' ἐπὶ ς. whatever came uppermost, A.Fr. 351; ἐπὶ στόματος Φαραώ by the command of P., LXX 4 Ki.23.35.g κατὰ στόμα face to face, Hdt.8.11, E.Heracl. 801, Rh. 409, X.An.5.2.26; οἱ κατὰ σ. θεοί (cf. ἀντήλιοι) E.Fr.781.33; κατὰ σ. τινός confronted with him, Pl.Lg. 855d;στόμα κατὰ στόμα λαλήσω αὐτῷ LXXNu.12.8
;στόμα πρὸς στόμα 2 Ep.Jo.12
, 3 Ep.Jo.14, PMag.Berol.1.39.II mouth of a river, Il.12.24, Od.5.441, A.Pr. 847, Hdt.2.17, etc.; so ἠϊόνος σ. μακρόν the wide mouth of the bay, Il.14.36, cf. Od.10.90;σ. τοῦ Πόντου Th.4.75
; κόλπου ib.49;τὸ σ. τῆς ἐσβολῆς Ar.Ec. 1107
; τὸ ἄνω σ. [τῆς διώρυχος] the width of the trench at top, Hdt.7.23 (but τὰ σ. τ. δ. mouths, ib.37).2 any outlet or entrance,ἀργαλέον σ. λαύρης Od.22.137
;σ. τῆς ἀγυιᾶς X.Cyr.2.4.4
;σ. φρέατος Id.An.4.5.25
; , cf. AP6.251 (Phil.); χθόνιον Ἄιδα ς. Pi.P.4.44; τὰ τῶν διεξόδων ς. Pl.Phdr. 251d; ἑπτάπυλον ς. the seven gates of Thebes, S.Ant. 119 (lyr.): Medic., τῶν μητρέων, τῶν ὑστερέων,= os uteri (not distinguished from the cervix), Hp.Mul.1.36, Aph.5.46;τῆς κοιλίας Arist.APo. 94b15
, Sor.1.50;γαστρός Nic.Al.20
, Gal.5.274; [ ἕλκους] Arist.Pr. 863a11.III foremost part, face, front:1 of weapons, point,κατὰ στόμα εἱμένα χαλκῷ Il.15.389
; [ὁ κριὸς] ἔχει σ. σιδηροῦν Ath.
Mech.24.2;τὸ σ. τῆς αἰχμῆς Philostr.Her.19.4
; edge of a sword,μαχαίρας Ascl.Tact.3.5
, Ev.Luc.21.24, etc.: metaph., ἐθηλύνθην ς. S.Aj. 651.b the front ranks of the battle, the front, ἀπὸ στόματος (opp. ἀπὸ τῆς οὐρᾶς) X.An.3.4.42, cf. HG4.3.4;τὸ σ. τοῦ πλαισίου Id.An.3.4.43
, cf. 5.4.22, Plb.10.12.7 (so perh. σ. πολέμοιο, ὑσμίνης in Hom., v. supr.1.1).cτὸ τῶν λοχαγῶν τάγμα σ. καλεῖται Ascl.Tact.2.5
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29 ἵνα
ἵνα,A Adv.,I of Place,1 in that place, there, once in Hom.,ἵ. γάρ σφιν ἐπέφραδον ἠγερέθεσθαι Il.10.127
(acc.to Eust.).2 elsewh. relat., in which place, where, 2.558, Od.9.136, Hdt.2.133,9.27,54, Pi.O.1.95, B.10.79, A.Pr.21, al., S.El.22, 855, Ar.Ra. 1231, etc.: rarely in [dialect] Att. Prose, Lys.13.72 (v. infr.), Pl.Ap. 17c, Phlb. 61b; ἵ. ἡ Νίκη (sc. ἐστίν) IG22.1407.13: rare in later Greek, Arr.An.1.3.2, Luc.Cont.22, Ind.3: with particles,ἵ. τε Il.20.478
;ἵ. περ 24.382
, Od.13.364, Lys. l.c.; ἵν' ἄν c. subj., wherever, S.OC 405, E. Ion 315; as indirect interrog., Hdt.1.179, 2.150, E.Hec. 1008.b after Hom., like other Advs. of Place, c. gen.,ἵ. τῆς χώρης Hdt.1.98
; ἔμαθε ἵ. ἦν κακοῦ in what a calamity, Id.1.213;οὐδ' ὁρᾶν ἵν' ἐ̄ κακοῦ S.OT 367
; ἵν' ἕσταμεν χρείας ib. 1442;ἵν' ἦμεν ἄτης Id.El. 936
; .c with Verbs of motion, whither, Od.4.821, al.;ὁρᾷς ἵν' ἥκεις S.OT 687
, al., Din.2.10;ιναπερ ὥρμητο Th. 4.74
.II of circumstance, γάμος.., ἵ. χρή at which, when, Od.6.27; ἵ. μὲν ἐξῆν αὐτοῖς.., ἐνταῦθα.. when it was in their power, Antipho 6.9.2 = ἐάν, dub. in Il.7.353 (v.l. ἵν' ἄν, cf. Sch.), Archil. 74.7 codd., v.l. in Din.1.1, and Pl.Chrm. 176b.B Final Conj., that, in order that, from Hom. downwards, mostly first word in the clause, but sts. preceded by an emphatic word, Pl.Chrm. 169d;ἵ. δή Il.7.26
, 23.207, Hdt.1.29, Pl.R. 420e, 610c: never with ἄν or κε (if found, these particles belong to the Verb, as in Od.12.156, E.IA 1579).I general usage:1 with subj.,a after primary tenses of ind., also subj. and imper.: [tense] pres. ind., Il.3.252, Od.2.111, X.Mem.3.2.3, Cyr.1.2.11, Isoc.3.2: [tense] pf. ind., Il.1.203, Isoc.4.129: [tense] fut., Od.2.307,4.591, X.Cyr.1.2.15; subj., S.OT 364; imper., Il.19.348,al., A.Pr.61, S.Ph. 880, Ar.Ra. 297, Pl.R. 341b, Men. 71d.b after historical tenses, in similes, where the [tense] aor. is gnomic, Od.5.490 ( αὔοι codd.); where [tense] aor. is treated as equiv. to [tense] pf., Il.9.99, Od.8.580, Hdt.5.91, Lys.1.4, D.9.26: when the purpose is regarded from the point of view of the speaker's present,σὲ παῖδα ποιεύμην ἵ. μοι.. λοιγὸν ἀμύνῃς Il.9.495
, cf. Hdt.1.29, 6.100, Th.1.44, al., Lys.1.11,12,al.c after opt. and ἄν, when opt. with οὐκ ἄν is used with sense of imper., Il.24.264, Od.6.58; after βουλοίμην ἄν.., Lys.7.12.2 with opt.,a after historical tenses, Il.5.3, Od.3.2, A. Th. 215, Lys.3.11, Pl.Prt. 314c, etc.: after the historical [tense] pres., E. Hec.11: sts. both moods, subj. and opt., follow in consecutive clauses, Od.3.77, Hdt.8.76,9.51, D.23.93,49.14.c rarely after primary tenses, by a shifting of the point of view, Od.17.250, Ar.Ra.24, Pl.R. 410c.3 with past tenses of ind.,a after unfulfilled wishes, Id.Cri. 44d.b after ind. with ἄν, to express a consequence which has not followed or cannot follow, S.OT 1389, Pl.Men. 89b, D.29.17: esp. after ἐβουλόμην ἄν.., Ar. V. 961, Lys.4.3.c after such Verbs as ἐχρῆν, ἔδει, E.Hipp. 647, Pl.Prt. 335c, Smp. 181e, Euthd. 304e, Isoc.9.5, D.24.48, Men.349.5, etc.: whenan unfulfilled obligation is implied, τεθαύμακα ὅτι οὐκ εἶπεν ( = ἔδει εἰπεῖν).. ἵ... Pl.Tht. 161c
; ἀντὶ τοῦ κοσμεῖν ( = δέον κοσμεῖν).. ἵ... D.36.47
.d after [tense] pres. ind. in general statements (including the past),οὐδὲ γὰρ τὸ εἶναι ἔχει ἡ ὕλη, ἱ. ἀγαθοῦ ταύτῃ μετεῖχεν Plot.1.8.5
.II special usages:1 like ὅπως, after Verbs of command and entreaty, is common only in later Gr. (but cf. Od.3.327 with ib.19), ἀξιοῦν ἵ... Decr. ap. D.18.155;δεήσεσθαι ἵ... D.H.1.83
;παρακαλεῖν ἵ... Arr.Epict.3.23.27
: freq. in NT,ἐκήρυξαν ἵ. μετανοήσωσιν Ev.Marc.6.12
, al.; of will, ὅσα ἐὰν θέλητε ἵ. ποιῶσιν.. ib.25: hence ἵ. c. subj. stands for infin., ἐν τούτῳ ἵ. καρπὸν φέρητε ( = ἐν τῷ φέρειν) Ev.Jo.15.8, etc.;πρῶτόν ἐστιν ἵ. κοιμηθῶ Arr.Epict.1.10.8
, cf. M.Ant.8.29; also for ὥστε, LXX Ge.22.14,al., Plu.2.333a, Porph.Abst.2.33, etc.2 because, ἵ. ἀναγνῶ ἐτιμήθην I was honoured because I read, Anon. ap. A.D.Synt.266.5, cf. Conj.243.21, Choerob.in Theod.2.257, al.; not found in literature.3 elliptical usages,a where the purpose of the utterance is stated, Ζεὺς ἔσθ', ἵν' εἰδῇς 'tis Zeus,— [I tell thee this] that thou may'st know it, S.Ph. 989;ἵ. μὴ εἴπω ὅτι οὐδεμιᾷ Pl.R. 507d
;ἵ. συντέμω D.45.5
;ἵν' ἐκ τούτων ἄρξωμαι Id.21.43
; ἵ. δῶμεν.. granted that.., S.E.P.2.34, cf. 1.79.b in commands, introducing a principal sentence, ἵ. συντάξῃς order him.., PCair.Zen. 240.12 (iii B.C.);ἵ. λαλήσῃς PSI4.412.1
(iii B.C.);ἵ. ἐλθὼν ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῇ Ev.Marc.5.23
,cf. 2 Ep.Cor.8.7, LXX 2 Ma.1.9, Arr.Epict.4.1.41, Did. ap. Sch.S.OC 156.c ἵ. τί (sc. γένηται); to what end? either abs. or as a question, Ar.Ec. 719; or with a Verb following, Id. Pax 409, cf. Pl.Ap. 26d, etc.; ἵ. δὴ τί; Ar.Nu. 1192.d in indignant exclamations, to think that.. !Σωκράτης ἵ. πάθῃ ταῦτα Arr.Epict.1.29.16
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30 ὠφέλεια
ὠφέλ-εια, ἡ, required by the metre (in iambics), S.El. 944, Ar. Th. 183; whereas [full] ὠφελία is required in E.Andr. 539 (anap.), Fr.78 (lyr.), Ar.Ec. 576 (lyr.): the best codd. of Pl. have ὠφελία more freq. than ὠφέλεια (although B always has ὠφέλεια in Phdr.), and ὠφελία is found in IG12.69.24 (v B. C., Prose), Hyp.Eux.9, and freq. in Phld., as Mus.p.54 K., al.: [dialect] Ion. [full] ὠφελίη Hdt.5.98, al., AP6.187 (Alph.):—A help, aid, succour, esp. in war,ἔπεμπον ἐς τὴν Ἐπίδαμνον.. τὴν ὠ. Th. 1.26
, cf. 39;τὴν ὠ. παρέχειν τινί Id.3.13
, cf. And.3.31;ὠ. ἀνδρὶ φέρειν E.Fr.78
(lyr.);ὠ. προσλήψεσθαι Th.2.7
;ἀπό τινων εὑρίσκεσθαι Id.1.31
;τῆς ὠ. μεταλαμβάνειν Id.1.39
;τυγχάνειν Id.6.17
; ἐπάγεσθαί τινας ἐπ' ὠφελίᾳ for aid, Id.1.3, cf. 5.38; ἀποχρήσασθαι τῇ ἑκατέρου ἡμῶν ὠ. to make full use of the assistance or services we both can give, Id.6.17;μετὰ τῶν κειμένων νόμων ὠφελίας Id.3.82
, cf. D.H. Th.31; οὐδὲν ἰατρικῆς δεῖται οὐδ' ὠφελίας or any other aid, Pl.Ly. 217a, cf. R. 559b; καὶ τοῖσιν ἑλκωθεῖσιν ὠφελίαν ( ὠφέλειαν codd., unmetrically)ἔχει Com.Adesp.106.8
.II profit, advantage,βούλευμα ἀπ' οὗ.. οὐδεμία ἔμελλε ὠφελίη ἔσεσθαι Hdt.
l. c.;εἴ τις ὠφέλειά γε S.El. 944
; τὴν κοινὴν ὠ. φυλάξαι the common interest of all, Th. 6.80;τίς ἂν εἴη ἡμῖν ὠ. εἰδόσιν αὐτό; Pl.Chrm. 167b
; opp. βλάβη, X.Cyr.6.2.13, Pl. (v. infr.2), etc.; opp. ζημία, X.Mem.2.3.6; ἐπ' ὠφελείᾳ ἐστί τι ib.1.4.4: c. gen. subjecti, τὴν ὠ. τὴν τῶν τειχέων their utility, Hdt.7.139: c. gen. objecti, ἐπ' ὠφελίᾳ τῶν φίλων for their benefit, Pl.R. 334b; ὠφελίας ἕνεκα ib. 398b;ἐναντία τῇ ἑαυτῶν ὠ. And.2.2
; ἐν ὠ. ἐστί 'tis of use, X.Vect.4.35; after ὠφελεῖν, cf.ὠφελέω 1.5
.2 source of gain or profit, service, freq. in pl.,τὰς ὠ. τὰς ἐκ τῆς στρατείας.. ἐσομένας Isoc.4.15
;αἱ κοιναὶ ὠ. Lys. 19.62
;αἱ ἀπὸ τινος γιγνόμεναι ὠ. Isoc.4.29
;ὠφελίας τε καὶ βλάβας ἀποδιδοῦσα Id.R.332d
;αἱ παρὰ τῶν μισθοδοτούντων αὐτοὺς ὠ. D.15.32
.3 esp. gain made in war, spoil, booty, Plb.2.3.8, 3.82.8, Rev.Arch.6(1935).31 (pl., Amphipolis), LXX 2 Ma.8.20; ὠ. μεγάλαι καὶλάφυρα Plu.2.255b
;ὠφελείας ἀθροῖσαι Id.Cleom.12
;πολλῆς ὠ. κυριεῦσαι D.S.15.36
;τὴν χώραν γέμειν ὠφελείας Plb.3.80.3
; τίθεσθαι τὰ χρήματα δι' ὠφελείας to regard as booty, D.H.7.37; so in the chase, game, X.Cyn.6.4; so of a thief,ὠ. ἑτοίμην καὶ κατειργασμένην ἀφῆκεν Antipho 2.1.4
. (Prob. abstracted fr. οἰκ-ωφελία, which comes fr. οἶκον ὀφέλλειν 'to increase the οἶκος'; cf. ὄφελος.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὠφέλεια
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31 δίδωμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `give' (Il.).Other forms: Fut. δώσω ( διδώσω ν 358, ω 314), aor. ἔδωκα, δοῦναι (s. below), pass. δοθῆναι, perf. δέδωκα, δέδομαι. Cypr. opt. δώκοι from δώκω (from the aor.).Dialectal forms: Myc. didosi \/ didonsi\/ `they give', didoto \/ didontoi\/ 3. pl. ind. pass., dose \/dōsei\/ `he will give', jodososi \/jō-dosonsi\/, odoke \/hō-dōke\/, apu-doke \/apu-dōke\/, apedoke \/ap-edōke\/, dedomena \/ dedomena\/ perf. ptc. pass.; apudosi \/ apu-dosis\/, dosomo \/ dosmos\/, dosomijo \/ dosmios\/ `consisting of contributions', dora \/dōra\/ `gifts'; PN teodora \/theodōra\/.Compounds: Often with prefix: ἀνα-, ἀντι-, ἀπο-, δια- etc. As first member δωσι- in Δωσί-θεος etc.; cf. Knecht Τερψίμβροτος 11; s. also below.Derivatives: δώς f. `gift' (Hes. Op. 356 \< δώ-ς or *δώτ-ς, s. below); ( ἀνά-, ἀντί-, ἀπό- etc.) δόσις `gift' (Il.; on the meaning Schwyzer 504 n. 2, Benveniste Noms d'agent 76, Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 75, Rauillard Mélanges Boisacq 2, 219ff.) with δοσίδιον (inscr.) and δόσιμος, often from comp. ἐπι-, ἐν-, παρα-; δῶτις, uncertain; acc. to Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 105 twice (!) in the Amphiktyon-law of 380a for λωτις; also δῶττις δώς, φερνή H., prob. wrong; s. Latte; δωτίνη, -ᾱ, `gift, present, rent' (Hom., also Argolis; but cf. Leumann Hom. Wörter 279f.), with δωτινάζω `collect gifts' Hdt. 2, 180); ἀπυ-δοσμός `selling' with ἀπυδόσμιος (Arc.); - δομα in ἀπό-, διά-, πρό-δομα etc.; cf. Wilhelm Glotta 14, 70f.; δῶρον s. v. - ( ἐκ-, ἐπι- etc.) δοτήρ `giver' (Il.), f. δότειρα (Hes.); δώτωρ `id.' (Od.); to δοτήρ: δώτωρ Schwyzer 381 and 530; Benveniste Noms d'agent 46 and 49; δωτήρ `id.' ( θεοὶ δωτῆρες ἐάων θ 325 etc.; s. below); δότης = δοτήρ (LXX); init. only in comp., e.g. προδότης, f. - τις `traitor' (Ion., Att.) with προδοσία `treason' (Ion.-Att.); δώτης (Hes. Op. 355, beside ἀ-δώτης; cf. δώς above and Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 118, Frisk Subst. priv. 20), ἐπιδώτης surname of Zeus in Mantinea and other gods (Paus.) with Έπιδώτειον name of a tempel (Epidauros); Δωτώ name of a Nereide (Il., Hes.; s. below). - δοτικός, often with prefix ἐπι-, μετα- etc. (Arist.). - Desiderative deverbat. παρα-, ἐν- etc. δωσείω (Th.), iterative preterite δόσκον (ep.).Etymology: IE root * deh₃-\/ dh₃-. But for the vowel of the reduplicative syllable δί-δω-μι, δί-δω-σι agrees with Skt. dá-dā-ti, Av. da-dāi-ti; i-reduplication in Italic, e. g. Osc. didest `he will give', Vest. di-de-t `dat', perhaps also in Lat. reddō, if \< * re-di-dō. Also the medial aorists ἔ-δο-το, Skt. á-di-ta, Venet. zo-to and the participles (-) δοτός, Lat. dătus agree against Skt. - dāta-, Av. dāta- (but zero grade in Skt. - tta- \< *- dh₃-to-; as simplex Sanskrit has new dattá-). The active aorist ἔ-δω-κ-α (with - κ- after ἔθηκα, ἧκα, s. Schwyzer 741 w. n. 8) from root aorist *ἔ-δω-ν (cf. ἔ-στη-ν), seen in Skt. á-dā-t, Arm. et `he gave' (\< *é-dō-t). - On Cypr. δοϜεναι beside Skt. dāváne `to give' see Benveniste Origines 129 but also Specht Gnomon 14, 34); an element u̯ also in Cypr. opt. δυϜάνοι, Lat. duim `dem', Lith. dovanà `gift' and other forms; (hom. Att. δοῦναι from *δο-έναι). - Of the nouns compare δώτωρ = Skt. dā́tar-, with zero grade Lat. dător; δοτήρ: Skt. dātár- ; δόσις = Lat. dăti-ō; δώς, if \< *δώτ-ς = Lat. dōs, - tis (if IE * dō-t-, not * dō-ti-). First member Δωσι- = Skt. dāti-vāra- `who loves giving, liberal'. - Hitt. dā- `take', cf. Skt. ā-dā- `receive'.Page in Frisk: 1,388-389Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δίδωμι
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32 νέω 2
νέω 2Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `spin'.Other forms: 3. sg. νῃ̃ (νῆ, νεῖ; Hes. Op. 777), 3. pl. νῶσι (Ael., Poll.), ipf. ἔννη (Aeol.; Hdn., EM), inf. νῆν, ptc. νῶντα (H.), νώμενος (Poll.); besides νήθω (Cratin., Pl., LXX); aor. νῆσαι, - ασθαι (since η 198); νῶσαι (Eup. 319; ptc.pl. f.?; Meineke νῆσαι), pass. νηθῆναι and fut. νήσω (Att.), perf. midd. νένησμαι (late).Derivatives: νῆμα n. `tectile fabric, thread' (Od.) with νηματ-ικός `consisting of threads' (Ath. Mech.), - ώδης `fibrous' (Plu.); νῆσις f. `spinning' (Pl.); νῆτρον n. `distaff' (Suid.); νήθουσα f. plantname s.s.v.Etymology: On the dental enlargement in νή-θω cf. κνή-θω (: κνῆ-ν), πλή-θω (: πλῆ-το) a.o. (Schwyzer 703). -- From ἔ-ννη and ἐΰ-ννητος `well spun' (Hom.) appears an orig. sn-, which is also seen in MIr. snīid `spinns, restores' and perh. in Lat. nē-re `spin'; an s-less form is however ascertained a.o. by German., e.g. OHG nā-en `sew'. Monosyllabic νῃ̃ can stand for *σνηι-ει and can be compared directly with Skt. snāy-ati `winds around, clothes' and with Lat. neō \< * snēi-ō (on the stem s. below). Like ἔ-ννη from * e-snē can νῆ also be athematic (Schwyzer 675). But νῶσι, νῶντα, νώμενος are rather thematic from *νη-ουσι, *νή-οντα, *νη-όμενος than with old ō-ablaut, which however occurs frequently outside Greek, e.g. in Latv. snāju, snāt `wind together loosely, e.g. spinning' and in several nouns like OIr. snāthe `thread', OGutn. snōÞ `cord' = OE snōd `headband' (OHG snuor ' Schnur' is polyinterpret.). Beside IE snē-: snō- there are, esp. in Balto-Slav., forms with ī-vowel, e.g. Russ. nitь `thread'; for νῃ̃ \< *σνηι-ει, snāyati (beside snāy-u- `band, sinew'), Lat. neō, remains beside the explanation as yotpresent also an old longdiphthong to be sonsidered [improbable]. -- With νῆμα agrees Lat. nēmen n. `phantom', which is however a young formation; OCS snopь `sheaf, band', compared by Specht KZ 68, 123 is far away. Also the genetically identical νῆσις and OHG nāt ' Naht' are rather parallel innovations. -- WP. 2, 694f., Pok. 973, W.-Hofmann s. neō, Vasmer s. nítь, Fraenkel Wb. s. nýtis; everywhere further forms and rich literature.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νέω 2
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33 σκῦτος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `prepared skin, leather, leather thong' (ξ 34).Compounds: Compp., e.g. σκυτο-τόμος m. `leather-worker, cobbler' (H 221); as 2. member in δωδεκά-σκυτος `consisting of twelve leather strips' (Pl.).Derivatives: 1. Dimin. σκυτ-άριον n., - ίς f. (hell. a. late). 2. adj. - ινος `leathern' (IA.), - ικός `belonging to leather(-work)', ἡ -ικη τέχνη `cobbler's job' (Pl., Arist. a. o.), - ώδης `leather-like' (Arist.). 3. subst. - εύς m. `cobbler' (Att.) with - εῖον, - εύω, - εία, - ευσις (Hp., Att. etc.; Bosshardt 50). 4. verb - όομαι in ἐσκυτωμένος `coated with leather' (Att. inscr., Plb. a. o.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: No immediate non-Greek agreement. The other languages have several comparable words for `skin v. t.', but all without initial s-: with long vowel as in σκῦτος the Germ. word for `skin', e.g. OHG hūt, PGm * hūði-, IE * kūt-i-; with short vowel Lat. cŭtis `skin', Lith. kutỹs `pouch around the body, money-bag'; with diphthong (full grade) OPr. keuto `skin', IE * keutā, Lith. kiáutas `case, envelop, shell'; further forms in WP. 2, 549f., Pok. 952, W.-Hofmann s. cutis. If prop. *'cover', one may consider further connection with σκῦλα, ἐπισκύνιον; s. vv. All kinds of combinations in Specht Ursprung 208, 226 a. 237. Cf. also κεύθω. -- Lat. scūtum `shield' is ambivalent; s. W.-Hofmann s. v.Page in Frisk: 2,744-745Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκῦτος
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34 βιώσιμος
A to be lived, ;αἱ β. ἡμέραι Lib. Decl.2.34
; esp. οὐ βιώσιμόν ἐστί τινι 'tis not meet for him to live, Hdt. 1.45; τί γὰρ μόνῃ μοι τῆσδ' ἄτερ β.; S.Ant. 566;οὐκ ἂν ἦν βιώσιμα ἀνθρώποισι Hdt.3.109
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > βιώσιμος
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35 εὐμαρής
εὐμαρ-ής, ές,A easy, convenient, most commonly of things,εὐμάρεα προλέξαις Alc.Supp.22.7
; εὐ. χείρωμα an easy prey, A.Ag. 1326;δυστυχούντων γ' εὐμαρὴς ἀπαλλαγή Id.Supp. 339
;ἔνθεσις Pherecr.108.6
: [comp] Comp., Ph.1.19, Ascl.Tact.7.3; εὔμαρές [ἐστι] c.inf., ' tis easy, Sapph.Supp.5.5, Thgn.845, Simon.125.5, Pi.P.3.115, N.3.21, E.Alc. 492; so ἐν εὐμαρεῖ [ἐστι] Id.IA 969, Hel. 1227, Fr. 382.10; [Ἡράκλειαν] ἐξ εὐμαροῦς ἔλαβεν Phleg.Mir.3
.2 rarely of persons, bringing ease,χρόνος γὰρ εὐ. θεός S.El. 179
(lyr.); gentle, Aret.SD1.6: [comp] Comp. - έστερος more 'in touch', Hp.Decent.13.II Adv. - ρῶς, poet.- ρέως, easily, readily,πείθομαι B.5.195
, cf. A.Fr. 366, Pl.Criti. 113e, Lg. 706b, Luc.Am.53, Sor.1.33, etc.;τλήσεται εὐ. AP5.245
(Paul. Sil.): [comp] Comp. - έστερον Trag.Adesp.383, Hdn.8.7.6: [comp] Sup. - έστατα Ph.2.419;εὐμαρέως τοι χρῆμα θεοὶ δόσαν οὔτε τι δειλὸν οὔτ' ἀγαθόν Thgn.463
. (From μάρη = χείρ (cf. εὐχερής) Sch.Il.15.137.) [[pron. full] ᾰ, for καταφαγῆμεν εὐμᾰρέα shd. be read in Epich.42.]Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὐμαρής
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36 πρόσφορος
A serviceable, useful,τὰ π. τῇ στρατιῇ Hdt.7.20
, cf. S.OC 1774 (anap.), etc.: abs.,ἐκπορίζεσθαι ἃ πρόσφορα ἦν Th.1.125
, cf. 7.62.2 suitable, fitting, κόσμος, κόμπος, Pi.N.3.31, 8.48, cf. E. Heracl. 480, etc.;π. καὶ οἰκεῖον Epicur.Fr. 250
(= Metrod.Fr.1 K.): c. dat., Pi.N.7.63, E.Supp. 338, Hec. 1246, Ar.V. 809, Av. 124 ([comp] Comp.), prob. in Pi.N.9.7;τροφαί Antiph.62
; οὐχὶ πρόσφορος ἁμερίῳ γέννᾳ suitable to, agreeing with, E.Ph. 129 (lyr.): c. inf., οὐ πρόσφορον μολεῖν 'tis not fit or meet to go, A.Eu. 207, cf. Pi.O.9.81, Ocell.4.12;ζῴοις πρόσφορα ἐσθίειν J.BJ6.3.3
.3 πρόσφορον, τό, what is fitting or suitable, Arist.EN 1180b12;ἡ φύσις αὐτὴ ζητεῖ τὸ π. Id.HA 615a26
: c. gen., μακρᾶς κελεύθου.. τὰ π. attendance meet after a long journey, A.Ch. 711, cf. 714;τὰ π. τῆς νῦν παρούσης ξυμφορᾶς E.Hel. 509
: abs., τὰ πρόσφορα things meet or due, esp. for the dead, Hdt.4.14, E.Alc. 148; (lyr.): τὰ π. as Adv., fitly, E.Hipp. 112, cf. 1361 (anap.): regul.Adv.,- ρως ἔχειν τινί Thphr.CP4.7.2
, cf. Phld. Herc.1457.7.II πρόσφορα, τά, that which is taken or eaten, f.l. in Hp.VM24; cf.προσφορά 111.2
.III πρόσφορα, τά, revenues, rents, PTeb.88.15 (ii B.C.), POxy.1208.22 (iii A.D.), 1829.4 (vi A.D.), etc.; τὰ Ἀριστίππου λεγόμενα π. the place called Aristippus's Rents, PPetr. 2p.56 (iii B.C.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πρόσφορος
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37 σός
σός, ή, όν, possessive Adj. of 2 pers. sg. ([etym.] σύ), the alternative [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Dor. form being τεός (q.v.),A thy, thine, Il.8.420, etc.; [dialect] Ep.gen.σοῖο Od.15.511
; σ. δέμας, σ. ἔργον, λέχος ς., etc., A.Pr. 146(lyr.), 635, 557 (lyr.), etc.: σ. ἑταῖρος a friend of yours, Pl.Ly. 204a, etc.: with the Art.,τὸ σὸν γέρας Il.1.185
, cf. 207, al., and so freq. in [dialect] Att., δέμ·ας τὸ σ., τὸ σ. κάρα, etc., A.Pr. 1019, Ag. 1615, etc. (but never so when it serves as predicate,οὐ σ. τόδ' ἐστὶ τοὔργον S.El. 296
;πάτερ, σός εἰμι Id.Ant. 635
); σ. ἔργον c. inf., 'tis thy business to..,ἔργον ἤδη σ. τὰ λοίφ' ὑπηρετεῖν Id.Ph.15
; σόν [ ἐστι] alone,σ. δ' αὖ τὸ σιγᾶν A.Th. 232
, cf. S.El. 1470; σὴ μὲν ἐγώ, σὰ δὲ πάντα thine am I, thine are all things, Call.Del. 219.2 without a Subst., thine, εἰ ἐτεόν γε σός εἰμι thy son, Od.9.529, cf. E.Hel. 226 (lyr.); σὺ μὲν ἀπάγου τὴν ς. X.Cyr.3.1.37; οἱ ς. thy kinsfolk, people, S.OT 1448, etc.: also sg., your agent or servant, PFay.123.5 (i/ii A.D.): τὸ ς. what concerns thee, thy interest, advantage, S.El. 251, Aj. 1313; thy words, thy purpose, ib.99, 1401, etc.; τὰ ς. thy property,ἐπὶ σοῖσι καθήμενος Od.2.369
, cf. X.Mem.2.3.12, Ev.Luc.6.30; εὖ φρονῶ τὰ ς. thy interests, S.Aj. 491; καὶ σὲ καὶ τὰ ς. Id.El. 522, etc.3 with a gen. added,τὰ σ' αὐτῆς ἔργα Il.6.490
; τὰ σ' αὐτοῦ κήδε ([etym.] α) Od.14.185;σῷ δ' αὐτοῦ κράατι 22.218
;τοῖς σοῖσιν αὐτοῦ S.OT 416
;τὸ σὸν μόνης δώρημα Id.Tr. 775
; τὸν σ. τοῦ πρέσβεως [ ὀφθαλμόν] Ar.Ach.93.II objective, of or for thee,σῇ ποθῇ Il.19.321
;σ. τε πόθος σ. τε μήδεα Od.11.202
;σῇ προμηθίᾳ S.OC 332
;προνοίᾳ τῇ τε σ. κἀμῇ E.Andr. 660
; εὐνοίᾳ τῇ ς. Pl.Grg. 486a. -
38 σπάνις
A scarcity, dearth, lack, ;ἀνδρῶν D.25.31
; , cf. LXX Ju.8.9;θηρίων Str.2.5.26
;νεκύων AP9.53
(Nicod. or Bass.); οὐ σπάνις.. ἔχειν,= οὐ σπάνιον, there is no lack, no difficulty, in getting, E.IA 1163; οὗ σ. ἀνδρὶ τυχεῖν which 'tis rare for a man to get, IG2.2753, cf. 3577: abs., dearth, τροφὰς ἐν τῇ μεγάλῃ σ. παρέσχε ib.3.687.II unsatisfied need, want, c. gen.,ἐν σπάνι βύβλων Hdt.5.58
; σ. σχεῖν τοῦ βίου poverty, S.OT 1461;βίου E.Hec.12
; , cf. Pl.Lg. 678d;σ. τῶν ἀναγκαίων Antipho 4.1.2
; τῇ τῶν χρημάτων ς. Th.1.142;ἀργυρίου Lys.19.11
; ἡ.. σ. πρόχειρος εἰς τὸ δρᾶν κακά want, poverty, Philem.157. -
39 χερείων
Aχερείους A.R.2.1220
:—[dialect] Ep. for χείρων, meaner, inferior, in rank, worth, or wealth,κεῖνος δὲ χερείονος ἐκ θεοῦ ἐστιν Il.20.106
, cf. Od.20.45;τὰ χερείονα νικᾷ Il.1.576
;χερείονά περ καταπεφνών 17.539
; in body or mind,ἐπεὶ οὔ ἑθέν ἐστι χ., οὐ δέμας οὐδὲ φυήν, οὔτ' ἂρ φρένας οὔτε τι ἔργα 1.114
, cf. Od. 5.211; rare in Prose,ἄρχεσθαι ὑπὸ χερείονος Democr.49
; opp. κάρρων, Aesar. ap. Stob.1.49.27.2 of things, οὔ τι χέρειον ἐν ὥρῃ δεῖπνον ἑλέσθαι 'tis not the worse part, 'twere not amiss, Od.17.176, cf. 23.262.II irreg. forms, dat. χέρηϊ, acc. χέρεια, nom. pl. χέρηες, acc. neut. χέρεια, all used in compar. sense, κρείσσων γὰρ βασιλεύς, ὅτε χώσεται ἀνδρὶ χέρηϊ with a man of meaner rank, Il.1.80;οἷά τε τοῖς ἀγαθοῖσι παραδρώωσι χέρηες Od.15.324
;ἐσθλά τε καὶ τὰ χέρεια 18.229
, 20.310; ἐσθλὰ μὲν ἐσθλὸς ἔδυνε, χέρεια δὲ χείρονι δόσκον, where ἐσθλὰ ἐσθλός and χέρεια χείρονι are evidently correlative, Il.14.382; c. gen.,υἱὸν.. εἷο χέρεια μάχῃ, ἀγορῇ δὲ ἀμείνω 4.400
;οὔ τι χέρεια πατρός Od.14.176
.— χέρεια was written by Aristarch. in Od.14.176, where codd. have χερείω (χέρῃα Eust.488.38
).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > χερείων
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40 ἀγχόνη
A strangling, hanging,ἀγχόνης.. τέρματα A.Eu. 746
; ἔργα κρείσσον' ἀγχόνης deeds too bad for hanging, S.OT 1374; τάδ' ἀγχόνης πέλας 'tis nigh as bad as hanging, E.Heracl. 246;ταῦτ' οὐχὶ.. ἀγχόνης ἔστ' ἄξια
;Id.
Ba. 246;ταῦτα.. οὐκ ἀ.
;Ar.
Ach. 125;οἱ δ' ἀγχόνην ἥψαντο Semon.1.18
: rare in Prose,ἀ. καὶ λύπη Aeschin.2.38
:— in pl.,ἐν ἀγχόναις θάνατον λαβεῖν E.Hel. 200
, cf. ib. 299, HF 154; [full] αἱἀ. μάλιστα τοῖς νέοις Arist.Pr. 954b35
.II = μανδραγόρα, Ps.-Dsc. 4.75.
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