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1 σχετικός
relevantΕλληνικά-Αγγλικά νέο λεξικό (Greek-English new dictionary) > σχετικός
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2 μέμνων
μέμνων, - ονοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: 1. name of `a black bird (Ael., Q. S., Dionys. Av.);Other forms: Cf. 2. μέμνων ὁ ὄνος; μεμνόν\<ε\> ια τὰ ὄνεια κρέα H.; after Poll. 9, 84 also name of the relevant market.Derivatives: μεμνονίδες f. pl. `id.' (Paus. 10, 31, 6).Origin: 1. XX [etym. unknown]; 2. GR[a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: The relevant birds were by antique spokesmen in different ways connected with the tomb of Memnon; s. Thompson Birds s. v. and Hitzig-Blümner to the place in Paus. -- In the meaning of ' ὄνος' we have an appellative use of the PN Μέμνων as "the steadfast" (s. μενω), because of the proverbial inertness of the donkey (cf. Λ 558ff.); cf. Schulze Kl. Schr. 699 w. n. 1. Cf. on ἀλέκτωρ (s. ἀλεκτρυών), καλλίας, Κάστωρ; see Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 1, 2311 with further examples of the same process.See also:.Page in Frisk: 2,206Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέμνων
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3 ἔνειμι
ἔνειμι (εἰμί,A sum), [ per.] 3sg. and pl. ἔνι freq. for ἔνεστι, ἔνεισι (v. infr.): inf.ἐνεῖμεν IG22.1126.24
(Amphict.Delph.): [ per.] 3sg. ἔνι freq.for [tense] fut. ἐνέσομαι :—to be in,ἄργυρος ἀσκῷ ἔνεστι Od.10.45
; ἔνι (for ἔνεστι)κήδεα θυμῷ Il.18.53
;ἔνι τοι φρένες οὐδ' ἠβαιαί Od.21.288
;εἰ.. χάλκεον.. μοι ἦτορ ἐνείη Il.2.490
; εἴ τι ἐνέοι (sc. τοῖς χρησμοῖσι) Hdt.7.6; ; τοῖς λόγοις ἔ. κέρδος ib. 370;πόλλ' ἔ. τῷ γήρᾳ κακά Ar.V. 441
;πλήθη, ἐν οἷς τὸ ἓν οὐκ ἔνι Pl.Prm. 158c
;στάσιν ἐνέσεσθαι τῇ γνώμῃ Th.2.20
; ;ἐνῆν ἄρ'.. κἀν οἴνῳ λόγος Amphis 41
; :ἔνι τις καὶ ἐν ἡμῖν παῖς Pl.Phd. 77e
; alsoἐν τοῖσιν οὔρεσι δένδρεα ἔνι ἄγρια Hecat.292
J.;ἐν [ὄρει] ἔνι μέταλλα Hdt.7.112
; , etc.b c. dat. pl., to be among, Thgn.1135, Hdt.3.81, al.;οὐκ ἔνι ἐν ὑμῖν οὐδεὶς σοφός 1 Ep.Cor.6.5
.c c. Adv.loci,οἴκοι ἔνεστι γόος Il.24.240
; ἔνεστιν αὐτόθι is in this very place, Ar.Eq. 119; , etc.2 abs., to be present in a place,οἶνος ἐνέην Od.9.164
; οὐδ' ἄνδρες νηῶν ἔνι τέκτονες ib. 126;οὐδ' ἔνι στάσις A.Pers. 738
(troch.);Ἄρης οὐκ ἔνι χώρᾳ Id.Ag.78
(anap.); σίτου οὐκ ἐνόντος as there was no corn there, Th.4.8; τὰ ἐνόντα ἀγαθά the good that is therein, ib.20; ἱερῶν τῶν ἐνόντων the temples that were in the place, ib.97;ἀμέλειά τις ἐνῆν καὶ διατριβή Id.5.38
;πόλεμος οὐκ ἐνῆν Pl.Plt. 271e
; .l.c.; also, to be mentioned in a treaty, Th.8.43, cf. Ar.Av. 974; χρόνος ἐνέσται time will be necessary, Th.1.80; ἡ βὴξ ἔνι the cough is persistent, Hp.Epid.7.12.II to be possible,ἄρνησις οὐκ ἔ. ὧν ἀνιστορεῖς S.OT 578
;τῶνδ' ἄρνησις οὐκ ἔ. μοι Id.El. 527
; τίς δ' ἔνεστί μοι λόγος; what plea is possible for me [to make]? E.IT 998;οὐκ ἐνῆν πρόφασις X.Cyr.2.1.25
;οὐκ ἐνέσται αὐτῷ λόγος οὐδὲ εἷς D.21.41
;εἴ τι ἄλλο ἐνῆν Id.18.190
;ἐνούσης οὐδεμιᾶς ἔτ' ἀποστροφῆς Id.24.9
.2 impers., c. dat. pers. et inf., it is in one's power, S.Tr. 296, Ant. 213, etc.: c. inf. only,οὔκουν ἔ. καὶ μεταγνῶναι; Id.Ph. 1270
; ;πῶς ἔ. ἢ πῶς δυνατόν; Id.57.24
, etc.; οὐκ ἔνεστι it is not possible, Anaxil.22.7; ὃ μὴ νεώς γε τῆς ἐμῆς ἔνι which it is not possible [to get] from my ship, S.Ph. 648 (sed leg. ἔπι): ἔνι is freq. in this sense, ἃ δὲ ἔνι [λέγειν] D.2.4;δι' ὀργήν γ' ἔνι φῆσαι πεποιηκέναι Id.21.41
; ὡς ἔνι ἥδιστα in the pleasantest way possible, X. Mem.4.5.9, cf. 3.8.4;ὡς ἔνι μάλιστα Plb.21.4.14
, Ph.1.465, Luc. Prom.6, Jul.Or.7.218c: [tense] impf.,ὡς ἐνῆν ἄριστα Luc.Tyr.17
.b ἔνεστιν ὑμᾶς εἰδέναι it is relevant, pertinent, BGU486.12 (ii A.D.).3 part. ἐνόν, abs., ἐνὸν αὐτοῖς σώζεσθαι since it was in them, was possible for them, Hdn.8.3.2, cf. Luc.Anach.9.4 τὰ ἐνόντα all things possible: τὸ πλῆθος τῶν ἐ. εἰπεῖν the possible materials for a speech, Isoc. 5.110, cf. 11.44;τῶν ἐ... ἐν τῷ πράγματι Pl.Phdr. 235b
;τῶν φαινομένων καὶ ἐ. τὰ κράτιστα ἑλέσθαι D.18.190
; ἐκ τῶν ἐ. as well as one can under the circumstances, ib.256;τὰ ἐ. καὶ τὰ ἁρμόττοντα Arist.Po. 1450b5
: in sg.,πᾶν τὸ ἐνὸν ἐκλέγων Th.4.59
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4 γύης
γύης, - ουGrammatical information: m.Meaning: A difficult complex of several words. It (probably) consists of: (1) γύαλον, (2) γυῖα, (3) ἐγγύη, which I treated separately (s.vv.) [DELG γύη(ς) 1, 4, 2.]; here I discuss γύη(ς) [DELG 3., 5.] It has the follwong uses a. `the curved piece of wood in a plough (Hes. Op. 427, 436), ἄροτρον αὑτόγυον `plough, whose γύης is of one piece with the ἔλυμα and ἱστοβοεύς, not fitted together πηκτὸν)' (Hes.); b. mostly pl. `lands' (trag.), also a measure in τετρά-γυος etc. (Hom.); sometimes fem., cf. γύη μέτρον πλέθρου H.; also γύος m. (pap.); c. `the system of ἀστράγαλοι' (H., Poll.); d. - γυος with e. ἀμφίγυοςCompounds: ἀμφί-γυος of lance and javelin (Il.) `with a limb at each end' =? (Trümpy, Krieger. Fachausdrücke 59; of Hephaistos, meaning uncertain; `with two lame feet' ? τετρά-γυος `of four g.' (land-measure)Etymology: One assumes a basic *γυ(η)- `curv(ing)'. For comparison we have NPers. gōšā `corner' and Av. gu- `hand'; other forms in Pok. 393-8 are hardly relevant.. - Uncleaar is the meaning ἀμφί-γυος ( ἔγχος, δόρυ; Hom.; metrical lengthening ἀμφιγυήεις of Hephaistos `on both sides (legs) crooked' (?). - Here prob. γύαλον, γυῖα; s. also γυρός (s. vv.); hardly to γυλιός. -Page in Frisk: 1,331-332Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γύης
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5 δαιδάλλω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `work artfully, embellish' (Il.)Other forms: only present stemDialectal forms: Myc. dadarejode \/ daidalejon-de\/Derivatives: δαίδαλμα `work of art' (Theoc.). - δαίδαλον n. `id., ornament' (Il.); Δαίδαλος name of a mythical artist (Il.), δαίδαλος `artfull' (A.); δαιδάλεος (Il., cf. μαρμαίρω: μαρμάρεος etc.; acc. to Leumann metrical variant to πολυ-δαίδαλος `rich in ornament'); also δαιδαλόεις (Q. S., like παιπαλόεις). - Denomin. δαιδαλόω (Pi.), δαιδαλεύομαι (Ph.) with δαιδαλεύτρια `good artist' (Lyk.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The relation between δαιδάλλω, δαίδαλος, δαίδαλον is discussed. Leumann Hom. Wörter 131ff. starts from a Mediterranean word δαίδαλον `ornament', from where δαιδάλλω and the compound πολυ-δαίδαλος `rich in ornament'. - Others start from δαιδάλλω as an intensive reduplicated formation (with δαίδαλον etc. postverbal); cf. Schwyzer 647 and 725. From Greek one compares δέλτος and δηλέομαι, s. vv; further δάλλει κακουργεῖ H. and δόλων; see also δόλος. - From other languages several words for `build, split', which are hardly relevant for Greek, e. g. Lat. dolāre `hew', Skt. dár-dar(ī)ti `split', OIr. delb `form' (\< *del-u̯ā) etc. Local, i.e. Pre-Greek origin seems more probable, for which Δαίδαλος is a confirmation. (Did δαιδάλλω arise from *daly-daly-?)Page in Frisk: 1,339-340Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δαιδάλλω
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6 ἐπιούσιος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: of ἄρτος (Ev. Matt. 6, 11, Ev. Luk. 11, 3), in the Vulg. translated with `quotidianus', is translated as `daily'; also ἐπιουσι[ων ( Sammelb. 5224, 20; economic message), meaning unknown.Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: The most obvious interprettion as ἡ ἐπιοῦσα ( ηΏμέρα) suggests `for the coming day'; but this seems materially improbable. If we start (with Debrunner Glotta 4, 249ff.) from ἐπι την οὖσαν ( ἡμέραν), we get: `for the relevant day'. - See Blass-Debrunner-Frnk, Greek Gramm. of the New Testam. $ 123 and Koerster in Kittel, Theolog.Wörterbuch 2,587-595.Page in Frisk: 1,539-540Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐπιούσιος
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7 θυγάτηρ
θυγάτηρ, - τρός add.Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `daughter' (Il.).Other forms: on the inflection Schwyzer 568)Compounds: rarely, late as 1. member, e. g. θυγατρο-ποιία `adoption of a daughter' (Kos, Rhodos).Derivatives: Diminut. θυγάτριον (Com., pap.); θυγατριδοῦς, Ion. - δέος m. `daughtersson, grandson', θυγατριδῆ f. `daughersdaughter, grand-daughter' (IA), also θυγατερεΐς f. (Magnesia; after the patronymica in - ίς); θυγατρίζω `call daughter' (Kom.; cf. Schwyzer 731 n. 1).Etymology: Old word for `daughter', preseved in most IE languages: Skt. duhitár- (nom. duhitā́; accent of θυγάτηρ after the voc. θύγατερ = dúhitar?), Av. dugdar-, Arm. dustr, Osc. futír, Germ., e. g. NHG Tochter, Lith. duktẽ, OCS dъšti, Toch. B tkācer, A ckācar, Lyc. kbatre \< * tbatra, IE *dhugh₂tér-; s. Schwyzer 293. Original meaning prob. "the (potential) suckler" (to Skt. duhé med. `suckle'), s. Duchesne-Guillemin Le Muséon 59, 571ff. ; - ter after the words for `father, mother, brother', s. πατήρ, μήτηρ, φράτηρ. See Pok. 277 and the relevant dict..Page in Frisk: 1,690Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θυγάτηρ
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8 μήδομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `consider, conclude, devide, decide' (Hom.).Compounds: Rarely with ἐπι- and δια-, as 2. member e.g. in θρασυ-μήδης `with bold plans' (Pi., B.), also as PN (Il.). 2. μηδοσύνη `prudence' (hell.). 3. μήστωρ, - ωρος, - ορος m. `adviser' (Il., Hp.), also as PN (Il.); as 2. member e.g. δορι-μήστωρ m. `spear-, war-adviser' (E.), often in PN, e.g. Θεο-μήστωρ (Hdt.); f. in Κλυται-μήστρα, -η (s. on κλύω) a. o.; on μήστωρ s. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 14ff., 66 n. 1; 2, 8 f., also Benveniste Noms d'agent 30, Schwyzer 530 n. 4 a. 531.Derivatives: Here 2. μήδεα n. pl. `counsels, (wise) plans' (Il.);Etymology: The primary thematic μήδομαι, from which μήσασθαι (beside old μῆστο?, cf. Schwyzer 751) and μήσομαι, is generally identified with the synonymous μέδομαι (s. μέδω). The lengthened grade (- η- also Dor., so old) is remarkable, as the relevant longvowel presents (Schwyzer 685) further prob. all have full grade. One might consider therefore, to separate μήδομαι from μέδομαι and to connect the root mē- `measure' discussed under μῆτις and μέτρον (which might be cognate with med- `measure') assuming a (presentic?) δ-enlargement (cf. Schwyzer 702 f.). A cross of * mē- and * med- may also be considered. This has to be old, as the verbal noun μήδεα has an agreement in Arm. mit-k' pl. `id.'; s. Beekes, XXXPage in Frisk: 2,223Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μήδομαι
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9 οἶνος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `wine' (Il.).Other forms: dial. ϜοῖνοςCompounds: Very many compp., e.g. οἰνο-χόος m. `cupbearer' with - χοέω, - χοῆσαι `to be a cupbearer, to pour wine' (Il.), ep. also - χοεύω (only pres.), metr. conditioned (Schwyzer 732, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 368); οἰν-άνθη f. `fruit-bearing bud, blossom of the vine', also metaph. of the grape (since Pi., Thphr.), also name of a plant, `meadowsweet, Spiraea flipendula', because of the smell (Cratin., Arist.), name of an unknown bird (Arist.; Thompson Birds s. v.); ἄ-οινος `without wine' (IA.), ἔξ-οινος `drunken' (Alex., Plb.), backformation from ἐξ-οινόομαι `to get drunk' (E.); more in Strömberg Prefix Studies 72 (also Schwyzer-Debrunner 462). On Οἰνόη cf. 2. οἴη.Derivatives: A. Subst. 1. Diminut., mostly belittling: οἰν-άριον (D., hell.; because of the meaning not from οἴναρον, cf. Chantraine Form. 74); - ίσκος (Cratin., Eub.), - ίδιον (Apollod.). 2. οἴνη f. `vine' (Hes.; like ἐλαία: ἔλαιον a.o., Schwyzer-Debrunner 30, Chantraine 24); οἰνάς f. `id.' (AP, Nic.; Chantr. 353), also `rock dove, Columba livia', after the colour (Arist.; details in Thompson Birds s.v.); also adj. `belonging to the wine' (AP, APl.). 3. οἴν-αρον n. `vineleaf, grape vine' (X., Thphr.) with - αρίς, - αρία, - άρεος, - αρίζω (Ibyc., Ar., Hp., Thphr.). 4. οἰνοῦττα f. `wine cake' (Ar.), also name of a plant with intoxicating effect (Arist.; Schwyzer 528, Chantraine Form. 272). 5. οἰνών, - ῶνος m. `wine cellar' (X., hell.). 6. Ϝοινώα f. `vineyard?' (Thespiae; cf. προθυρῴα a.o. in Hdn. Gr. 1, 303). 7. Some H.glosses: οἴνωτρον χάρακα, ἧ την ἄμπελον ἱστᾶσι, γοίνακες (= Ϝ-) βλαστοί, γοινέες κόρακες (cf. οἰνάς). -- B. Adj. 8. οἰν-ηρός `containing wine, abundant in wine' (Pi., Ion., Arist.); 9. - ώδης `winelike, redolent of wine' (Hp., Arist.); 10. - ικός `belonging to the wine' (hell., inscr. a. pap.). -- C. Verbs. 11. οἰν-ίζομαι `to get oneself wine' (Il., late prose), - ίζω `to resemble wine' (Thphr., Dsc.); with οἰν-ιστήρια n. pl. name of an Attic feast (Eup., H., Phot.); cf. Άνθεστήρια, χαριστήρια a.o. 12. οἰν-όομαι, - όω `to intoxicate (oneself)' (Ion., Od., trag.) with - ωσις f. `intoxication' ( Stoic., Plu.); on the meaning cf. Müri Mus. Helv. 10, 36. -- On the PN Οἰνεύς s. Bosshardt 106 f.; on the riverN Οἰνοῦς m. (Laconia) and on Οἰνοῦσσαι f. pl. (islands) Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 2, 233.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1120?] *u̯eiH- `turn, bend'Etymology: With (Ϝ)οῖνος agree, except for the gender and auslaut, Lat. vīnum (if from *u̯oinom; Umbr. etc. vinu then Lat. LW [loanword]), Arm. gini (\< *u̯oinii̯o-), Alb. vênë (\< *u̯oinā); an IE word for `wine', reconstructed from this, may together with the related Lat. vītis `vine' and many others (s. on ἴτυς) belong to the group u̯ei- `turn, bend'. As the wild vine a.o. was at home in southern Russia and certain parts of middle Europe, this assumption is acceptable also from the aspect of historical facts. As however the cultivation of the vine has started in the Mediterranean lands or in the Pontus area and in the south of the Caucasus, most scholars incline, to look for the origin of the word in these countries, what would point to non-IE origin. But if we put the homeland of viticulture in the Pontus and the northern Balkan, the word for `wine' might come from there. From this IE source would then come not only the words mentioned from Greek, Lat., Arm. and Albania, but also Hitt. u̯ii̯an(a)-, Hier. Hitt. wa(i)ana-, and also the relevant Semit. words, e.g. Arab. wain, Hebr. jajin (common * wainu-?). Thus Beekes, MSS 48(1987)21-6, who points out that the Hitt. form requires *u̯ih₁on-. From Lat. vīnum further the Celt. a. Germ., from Germ. or Latin again the Slav. and (indir.) Balt. wine words; from Arm. gini e.g. Georg. γvino. -- Lit. with further details in WP. 1, 226 (IE, resp. PArm.), Pok. 1121, W.-Hofmann s. vīnum, Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 642 ff., Vasmer s. vinó. Cf also Kronasser Vorgeschichte und Indogermanistik (Symposion 1959) 122 f..Page in Frisk: 2,364-366Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > οἶνος
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10 ὅρμος 2
ὅρμος 2.Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `anchorage, road(stead), harbour', also metaph. (Il.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. ὁρμο-φύλαξ `harbour-master' (pap.); often as 2. member, e.g. πάν-ορμος `offering anchorage to all (ships)' ( λιμένες, ν 195), often as PN (Sicily a.o.), δύσ-ορμος `with a bad harbour, inhospitable' (A., X.); often w. preposition, partly as backformations from the relevant verbs: ἔξ-ορμος `sailing out' (E.: ἐξ-ορμέω; Strömberg Prefix Studies 58), ὕφ-ορμος `at anchor, fit for anchoring' (Ph., Str.), also subst. m. `anchorage' (Arist., Str.: ὑφ-ορμέω), πρόσ-ορμος m. `id.' (Str.: πρόσ-ορμέω, - ορμίζω).Derivatives: Two denomin. 1. ὁρμέω, also w. ἐφ-, ἐξ-, ὑφ- a.o., `to be at anchor (in the harbour)' (IA.) with ἐφόρμησις f. and (as backformation) ἔφορμος m. `the being at anchor, blockade' (Th.). 2. ὁρμίζω, - ομαι, aor. - ίσαι, - ίσασθαι, often w. prefix, e.g. ἐν-, προσ-, καθ-, μεθ-, `to bring to resp. to arrive at the anchorage or harbour, to anchor (oneself)' (Il.) with ( προσ- a.o.) όρμισις f. `the anchoring' (Th.), ( ἐν-)όρμισμα n. `anchorage, the anchoring' (App.), προσορμισμός m. `the anchoring' (sch.), προσορμιστήριον H. as explanation of ἐπίνειον (cod. ἐπήνιον), ὁρμιστηρία f. `rope for anchoring, attaching' (Ph., D. S.), ὁρμίστρια f. "the anchoreress" surn. of Isis (pap. IIp).Etymology: Without certain etymology. Often connected with ὁρμη, but with diff. argumentation: prop. "impulse, startingpoint" (Fick GGA 1894, 242); "a place where ships may ride at anchor" = Skt. sárma- m. `flowing' (Word ClassPhil. 3, 77), "luogo dove si getta l'ancora" (Bolelli Stud. itfilcl. 24 [1950] 104). Bq and Hofmann Et.Wb. consider for it, semantically also a little stilted, connection with εἴρω `string' ("attacher"); so prop. "attachement, Festmachung" (against this Porzig Satzinhalte 262) and with ὅρμος `chain' basically identical. Instead of operating with the abstract notion `fastening', it would be better, to explain ὅρμος `anchorage' as metaphor from ὅρμος `(anchor)-chain'; cf. AP 9, 296: τὸν ἀπ' ἀγκύρης ὅρμον ἔκειρε. -- Or to ἕρματα `supporting stones' (also unclear) ?Page in Frisk: 2,420-421Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὅρμος 2
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11 ὀρφανός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `orphaned, orphan', metaph. `bereft, abandoned' (υ 68).Compounds: As 1. member a.o. in ὀρφανο-δικασταί m.pl. "orphan-judge" ( Leg. Gort.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 185).Derivatives: 1. Adj. ὀρφαν-ικός `belonging to ὀρφανοι' (Il., Pl., Arist.; Fraenkel 1, 211 f., Chantraine Études 101 f.), - ιος `abandoned, lonely' (AP). 2. Subst. ὀρφαν-ία f. `orphanhood, bereavement' (Pi., ætt.), - ότης f. `id.' (Cappadocia). 3. Verbs. a) ὀρφαν-ίζω ( ἀπ- ὀρφανός) `to make an orphan, to bereave' (Pi.); from it formally - ιστής m., but as `guardian' (S. Aj. 512), name of an official (Selymbria); b) - εύω `to bring up orphans', midd. `to be orphaned' (E.) with - ευμα n. `orphanhood' (E.), - εία f. (if not itacistic for - ία) `id.' (pap.); c) - όομαι `to be bereft' (AP, sch.).Etymology: From the H.glosses ὀρφοβόται ἐπίτροποι ὀρφανῶν with ὀρφο-βοτία ἐπιτροπή and ὤρφωσεν (: ὀρφόω) ὠρφάνισεν we get a noun *ὀρφος, of which ὀρφανός, with the same meaning, seems to be a purely formal enlargement after other adj. in - ανός. With *ὀρφος agree exactly Arm. orb, -oy `orphan' and Lat. orbus `orphaned, bereft', IE * orbho-s. A i̯o-deriv. is supposed in Celt. and (a loan from there?) the Germ. word for `heritage' (so prop. *"orphans possessions" ?; diff., not convincing, Porzig Gliederung 121f.), e.g. OIr. orb(b)e, orpe n., Goth. arbi, OHG arbi, erbi n.; from there ` der Erbe', e.g. OIr. orb(b)e m., Goth. arbja, OHG arpeo, erbo m. Further, quite hypothetical connections in WP. 1, 183 f., Pok. 781 f., W.-Hofmann s. orbus (w. rich lit.); further Benveniste Hitt. et indoeur. 11 f., who finds in Hitt. ḫarp-zi `separate, keep s.' the relevant primary verb and at the same time reminds (after Collinder) of comparable Fi.-Ugr. words, e.g. Fi. orbo, orvo `orphan'.Page in Frisk: 2,431Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀρφανός
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12 πινυτός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `intelligent, sensible, reaonable, prudent, rational' (Od.).Other forms: Variant forms are πνυτός ἔμφρων, σώφρων H., often in Cypr. PN, e.g. Πνυτ-αγόρας (Masson Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 7, 238ff.).Derivatives: - ύσσω (late epic) from * pinut-y-, aor. ind. ἐπίνυσσεν Ξ 249), ptc. pass. πινυσθείς (Pythag.) `to make deliberate, to warn to be clear-minded' with πινυ-τή f. `prudence, reason' (Η 289, υ 71 a. 228, Hp. Ep.), with - τότης f. (Eust.); besides - τάς, - τᾶτος f. (Dor., AP), after ταχυ-τής a. o. (Schwyzer 529 n. 1); πίνυσις σύνεσις, πινυμένην συνετήν H. Also ἀπινύσσω `to be thoughtless, rash' (Ο 10, ε 342 = ζ 258), = ἀπινυτέω (Apollon. Lex.), from *ἀ-πίνυτος; adv. ἀπινύτως H. s. ἀπινύσσων. Beside it pres. πινύσκω, - ομαι (Simon., A., Call., Orph.); this will be *πινυτ-σκ-.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The relation between the relevant forms is not satisfactorily explained. If one may derive πινυ-τή as abstractformation from *πενυ-τή with transition of ε to ι (Schulze Q. 323 n. 3), πενυ- could be taken as a disyllabic ablaut grade of πνεϜ-, beside the monosyllabic πνῡ- (with long vowel) in πέ-πνῡ-μαι (Frisk Eranos 43, 215 ff.). Assuming a dissimilation πι- from πυ- or a basic form *πε-νε-υ-μι (Nehring ClassPhil. 42, 108 ff.) one connected since Fick 2, 152 Lat. pŭ-tāre, OCS py-tati `scrutari' (also with νήπιος, νηπύτιος). One connects πέπνυμαι with πνέω, s.v. w. further analysis. Details w. lit. in Frisk l.c.; older etymology, to be rejected, in Bq s. πινυτός. - However, a form penu- posited as a root variant, is improbable and not attested; also a root ending in two semivowels is not permitted; also the transition ε \> ι is not explained. So the form πινυτός cannot be explained from IE. Also the variation πινυτός\/ πνυτο- cannot be explained. But a variation ι\/zero is known from Pre-Greek: it indicated a palatalized consonant, so pnyut-; the palatalisation could also be ignored, which gave πνυτο-; cf. Beekes, Evidence an Counterevidence, FS Kortlandt. So the words are Pre-Greek and have nothing to do with πνέω.Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πινυτός
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13 ποιέω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to do, to make, to produce, to poetize, to act', in midd. also `to choose, to deem, to appraise' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. ποιῆσαι, fut. ποιήσω, perf. midd. πεποίημαι (all Il.), act. πεποίηκα, aor. pass. ποιηθῆναι (IA.), fut. ποιηθήσομαι (D.), πεποιήσομαι (Hp.).Compounds: Often w. prefix in diff. senses, e.g. ἀντι-, ἐκ-, ἐν-, περι-, προσ-. As 2. member - ποιός in unlimited productive syntheta, e.g. λογοποιός m. `historian, fabulist, newsmonger' (IA.) with λογοποι-έω, - ία, - ικός, - ημα.Derivatives: 1. ποίημα ( προσ-, περι-) n. `production, work, poem' (IA.) with - ημάτιον (Plu.), - ηματικός `poetic' (Plu.); 2. ποίησις ( προσ-, περι-, ἐκ- a.o.) f. `creation, production, poetry' (IA.); on the meaning of ποί-ημα, - ησις Ardizzoni Riv. fil. class. 90, 225 ff.. Chantraine Form. 287. 3. ποιητός ( προσ-, ἐκ- etc.) `made, produced' (Il.), also `made artificially, not naturally' = `adopted' (Pl., Arist.); Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 19 f. 4. ποιητής m. (IA.), f. - ήτρια (hell.), `creator, producer, poet', esp. of Homer, with - ητικός `creating, poetic', ἡ -ητική ( τέχνη) `the art of poetry' (Pl., Arist.), - ητικεύομαι `to speak poetically etc.' (Eust., sch.). 5. ποιησείω desid. `to wish to do' (Hdn.).Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably]Etymology: Decisive for the morphological evaluation of ποιέω are some dialectic aorist-forms: Arg. ποιϜέ̄σανς, ἐποίϜε̄hε, ἐποιϜέ̄θε̄, Boeot. ἐποίϜε̄σε, to which pres. opt. El. [πο]ιϜέοι (beside repeated ποιέοι). Acc. to usual interpretation (lit. in Bq and WP. 1, 510) ποιϜέω is derived from a noun *ποιϜός, which would be found in ἀρτο-ποιός a.o. An independent noun *ποιϜός cannot however be deduced from the 2. member, as the relevant adjectives seems recent and may have been derived from the verbal expressions ( τοξοφόρ-ος: τόξον φέρειν, λογογράφ-ος: λόγον γράφειν etc.). One might think that in the simplex we have a compound of - ποιέω that was made independent (Schwyzer 726 n. 7). -- The general meaning `make, create' may have arisen from the most different concrete special meanings. Nothing forbids to connect a verbal noun *ποι-Ϝός with u̯o-suffix (Schwyzer 472) with a verb `heap, accumulate, fit together', which is preserved in Indo-Iran., e.g. Skt. cinóti, and also has representatives in Slav., e.g. OCS činъ ' τάξις' with činiti `order, form'; IE kʷei- (WP. 1, 509f., Pok. 637f.). It is however obvious to combine, the u̯-element in *ποιϜός with the u̯-element in cinóti: so ποιϜέω from *kʷoi̯-u̯-éi̯ō beside cinóti from *kʷi-n-éu̯-ti approx. as Goth. straujan 'strew' from *strou̯-éi̯ō beside Skt. str̥ṇóti `strew' from *str̥-n-éu̯-ti (s. στόρνυμι) or Goth. - walwjan `revolve' beside Skt. vr̥ṇóti `envelop' and εἰλύω `id.' (*u̯ol-u-éi̯ō: *u̯l-n-éu̯-ti). In such an analysis ποιέω would appear like Goth. straujan, walwjan as an iterative deverbative and one would be liberated from the not quite reliable noun *ποιϜός. Of course the syntheta in - ποιός can then be connected with a primares verb (δρῠ-τόμ-ος: δόρυ τάμνειν). -- On the meaning of ποιέω and other verba faciendi cf. Braun Stud. itfllcl. N. S. 15, 243 ff.; also Valesio Quaderni dell'Istituto di Glottologia (Bologna) 5 (1960) 97 ff. Cf. also the lit. on δράω and πράσσω. Older lit. in Bq.Page in Frisk: 2,570-572Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ποιέω
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14 πρίασθαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to buy' (Od.).Derivatives: Neg. vbaladj. ἀ-πρία-τος in ἀπριάτην acc. sg. f. `unbought, without ransom' (A 99, h. Cer.132), as adv. `gratuitous' (ξ317, Agath.4,22), pl. ἀπριάτας (Pi. Fr. 169, 8); PN Άπριάτη; cf. Leumann Hom. Wörter 167 f.Etymology: Old inherited, in Greek isolated aorist. Closest to the Greek form comes the OIr. subj. ni-cria `emat' (IE *kʷrii̯āt); remarkably Greek does not have the both in Sanskrit and Celt. and in Slav. wellknown nasalpresent, Skt. krīṇā́ti (for older *kriṇā́ti), OIr. crenim, ORuss. krьnuti `buy'. A corresponding Gr. *πρίνημι had become awkward because of the resembling opposite πέρνημι, Aeol. πορνάμεν `sell' (Meillet BSL 26, 14). The vbaladj. ἀ-πρία-τος can be identified with Skt. krītá- `bought' (ια \< ih₂e = Skt. ī \< ih₂; Schwyzer 363 w. lit. and 743, where also on the other forms). -- To the further numerous, in the separate languages appearing derivations, e.g. Skt. krayá- m. `purchase(price) \< * kʷroih₂-o-', OIr. crīth `payment, purchase', OLith. krienas `price', Toch. B karyor, A kuryar `purchase, trade', Greek has no correspondence. -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP. 1, 523 f., Pok. 648 and in the relevant dictionaries.Page in Frisk: 2,594-595Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πρίασθαι
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15 σέλας
σέλας, - αοςGrammatical information: n.Meaning: `light, glow, beam' (ep. poet. Il., Arist. etc.; on the use in Hom. Graz Le feu dans l'Il. et l'Od. 310ff.).Compounds: σελασ-φόρος `bringing light' (A. a. o.), with analog. - η-: σελαη-φόρος (Man.), - γενέτης (AP).Derivatives: 1. σελά-ω `to shine, to glow' (Nic. Th. 691) with - σμα, - σμός `glow' (Man.); 2. - γέομαι (E., Ar.), - γέω (Opp.) `to glow, to radiate' with - γησις f. `glow' (Zonar.); backformation - γος n. `beam' (Hymn. Is.); 3. enlarged - γίζω `id.' (Nonn. a. o.) with - γισμα n. `lightning, flash' (Man.); 4. - σσομαι `to shine, to glow' (Nic. Th. 46); with σελα-γέομαι: - σσομαι cf. πατα-γέω, - σσω a. o., Debrunner IF 21, 220f.; 5. - σκω `to glow' (Theognost.). -- On σελήνη, σέλαχος s. v.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: No flawless etymology. Semant. attractive is the connection with Av. xvarǝnah- n. `glory of fame' (and Skt. svàrnara- approx. `splendour of light'?), where also the word for `sun' (s. ἥλιος) and the expressions for `smoulder, singe' (s. 2. εἵλη `heatof the sun') are relevant. Yet `glow, gleam, glory' and `smoulder' can at least not directly be combined with each other (cf. WP. 2, 531 f.). A special problem is moreover presented by the preservation of the anlaut. σ- in σέλας, for which several explanations have been advanced (Kretschmer KZ 31, 422f., Prellwitz s. v., Solmsen Unt. 209 n. 2; s. also Schwyzer 322). Already for this reason the comparison of σελαγ-έω with Skt. svarg-á- m. `heaven' (Persson Beitr. 2, 579 n. 2) is hardly recommendable, what however does not exclude, that the γ-element in σελαγέω may have a high age (Benveniste Origines 28; also Specht Ursprung 212). -- Diff. attempts at explanation from IE by Pisani Rend. Acc. Lincei Scr. VI: 7, 75 and Jb. f. kleinas. Forsch. 3, 150.Page in Frisk: 2,689-690Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σέλας
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16 σίνομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to rob, to pillage, to destroy, to damage' (ep. Od., Sapph., Ion., X., hell. a. late, also Argos, Crete, Herakleia; Hdt., Hp. also - έομαι; not in Att..Compounds: As 1. member in σιν-όδων, - όδους, - οντος m. name of a fish (Arist., Dorio a. o.), folketymol. for συν- σίνομαι (s. Strömberg 45). Unclear however σινάμωρος approx. `harmful, baneful, wicked, mischievous, sweet-toothed, lustful' with - ία, - έω, - ευμα (Ion., com., Arist. a. o.); because of the short ι not to the verb, but to the noun σίνος; the final fits badly with μωρός, perh. better to ἐγχεσί-μωρος, if taken as `spear-happy' (cf. Leumann Hom. Wörter 272 n. 18).Derivatives: 1. σίνος n. `damage, harm, disaster' (Ion., A., Arist. a. o.) with ἀ-σινής `unharmed, harmless' (λ 110, Sapph., Ion., A., Pl., X., hell. a. late), opposite ἐπι-σινής (Thphr. a. o.). 2. σίντης m. `destroyer, robber', mostly of beasts of prey, `thief' (Il., hell. a. late epic); σίντωρ m. `id.' (Crete IVa, AP; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 123 a. 131); uncertain Σίντιες m. pl. name of the old population of Lemnos (Hom. a.o.), after Kretschmer Glotta 30, 117 prop. "the robbers" and to be distinguished from the Thracian Σιντοι. 3. Σίνις, - ιδος m. name of a mythical robber (B., E., X. a. o.), also appellat. `robber, destroyer' (A. Ag. 217 [gener. changed to ἶνις], Call., Lyc.). 4. σιναρός `damaged' (Hp., as ῥυπαρός a. o.). 5. σινότης f. `damage, flaw' (gloss.). 6. ἐπισίνιος ἐπίβουλος H. 7. σινόω ( προ- σίνομαι) = σίνομαι (Man., Vett. Val. a. o.) with σινωτικός `harmful' (late). 8. σίνδρων = πονηρός (Phot.), also `slave born of a slave' (Seleukos ap. Ath.), also as PN; cf. Masson on Hipponax 121 w. n. 3; gen. pl. σινδρῶν πονηρῶν, βλαπτικῶν H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The present σίνομαι (second. - έομαι; cf. Schwyzer 721) wit generalized length of the ι (on the unclear σίνονται Sapph. 26, 4 s. Hamm Gramm. $217a) can be best understood as yotformation *σίν-ι̯ομαι (Schwyzer 694). If inherited, σίνομαι must like κλίνω, κρίνω contain a present-forming ν, which spread not only to the sporadic aoristforms but also to the nouns σίνος, σίντης a. o. -- Not certainly explained. PGr. *τϜι-ν- can on itself be connected with σής (if from *τϜη[ι̯]-ς) and with Germ. Þwi- in OE Þwīnan `become weak, disappear' a. o. (Wood Mod. Phil. 5, 268); apart from the semant. polyinterpretability of the relevant words, there are both for σής and for Þwīnan other explanations, s. on σής and WP. 1, 702 f. (Pok. 1054) w. lit. To be rejected explanations of σίνομαι in W.-Hofmann s. sine and sonium; older lit. in Bq and Lidén IF 19, 351 w. n. 2. -- Cf. σιφλός.Page in Frisk: 2,708-709Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σίνομαι
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17 σκεθρός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `exact, careful' (Hp., Gal., Lyc.).Other forms: - ῶς (A. Pr., E. Fr. 87).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: To σχεῖν with θρο-suffix and breathdissimilation; semant. slightly unclear: prop. "holding tight, joined"? Against connection with σχεθεῖν (Chantraine Form. 225, Benveniste Origines 202, Schwyzer 481) speak both the poet. character of the relevant aorist and the numerous other formations containing σχεῖν: σχεδόν, σχολή, σχέτλιος a. o.Page in Frisk: 2,721-722Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκεθρός
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18 σκίρον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: des. of a white parasol or canopy, which was carried at processions from the aropolis to a place called Σκῖρον ( Σκίρον) (later suburb of Athens) on the holy road to Eleusis in honour of Athena (Skiras) and other goddesses and gods (Lysimachid., sch. Ar. Ec. 18); pl. Σκίρα name of a women's feast in honour of Demeter, Core and Athena Polias (Ar., inscr. a. o.).Compounds: As 1. in Σκιρο-φόρια n. pl. `id.' (H., Phot., Suid.); from this Σκιροφοριών, - ῶνος m. Att. month-name (Juni-Juli; Antipho, inscr. etc.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Not certainly explained. Since long (s. Curtius 168) connected with σκιά, semant. or course unproblematic. It must be then a very old, from σκιά independent formation, which formally agrees with Alb. hir `grace of God' (Jokl Untersuchungen 67 after Bugge) and except for the vowel-length with a Germ. adj. for `clear, gleaming, bright', e.g. Goth. skeirs, OWNo. skīrr, NHG schier (to this further with other suffixes NHG Schemen `silhouette', MHG scheim `gleam, shade', NHG scheinen etc. etc.), basic meaning `(subdued) shine, reflex' (WP. 2, 535f., Pok. 917f.); cf. on σκιά. -- The interpretation of σκίρον as `parasol' is however by Deubner Att. Feste 40ff. rejected as a late learned construction. He sees in the σκίρα (orig. meaning unknown) different objects (pigs, representations of phalluses etc.), which at the relevant feast were thrown as sacrificial gifts in subterranean caverns, the soc. μέγαρα, and later at the Thesmophoria were brought up again (s. also Nilsson Gr. Rel. 12, 119 a. 469); a in several respects doubtful hypothesis.Page in Frisk: 2,734Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκίρον
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19 στέλλω
στέλλω, - ομαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to put in order, to make ready, to equip, dress with weapons, clothes etc.; to prepare (for a journey), to dispatch'; also `to furl, take in the sails, to tie up, to constrain'; midd. esp. `to summon, to fetch, to prepare (for a journey), to set off' (also act. intr.). `to dress'.Other forms: Aor. στεῖλαι, - ασθαι (Il.), Aeol. ἀπο-, ἐπι-στέλλαι, fut. στελ-έω (β 287 a.o.), -ῶ, - οῦμαι (Att.). Aor. pass. σταλ-ῆναι (Pi., IA.), - θῆναι (hell.), perf. pass. ἔσταλμαι (IA.), act. ἔσταλκα (Att.), ἔστολα (gramm.).Compounds: Very often w. prefix with variaous shades of neaning, e.g. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐπι-, κατα-, περι-, συν-, ὑπο-. As 2. member e.g. ἰδιό-στολος `having one's own equipment, equipped at one's own expense, making one's own journey' (Plu. a.o.), πυγο-στόλος adjunct of γυνή (Hes. Op. 373; on the debated meaning Martinazzoli Par. del Pass. 15, 203ff.); ναυ-στολ-έω `to send on a ship, to navigate, to steer (a ship)' (Pi., S., E., late prose; ναύ-στολος only A. Th. 858 [lyr.; doubted]; cf. ναυ-μαχέω, οἰνο-χοέω a.o. in Schwyzer 726); ἀκρο-στόλ-ιον n. `decorated end of the rostrum' (Callix., Str., D.S. etc.); ἀπόστολ-ος (: ἀπο-στέλλω) m. `envoys, fleet-expedition' (IA.), `apostle' (LXX, NT). As 2. member e.g. μελανό-στολος `with a black garment' (Plu.).Derivatives: A. 1. στόλος m. `equipment (of a campaign), campaign by water and by land, fleet, army, troop, legion, march' (Pi., IA.); also `rostrum' (Pi., trag.)`outgrowth, stump, appendage' (Arist.); cf. below. 2. στολή (Aeol. σπόλα; cf. below) f. `armor', usu. `dress, garment' (IA.), `obstruction, pressure, constraint' (Epicur., medic.); ἀπο-, δια- ἐπι-στολή a.o. (: ἀπο-στέλλω) `sending resp. extension, mission or letter' (IA. etc.) with ἀποστολ-εύς m. `officials for equipping and dispatching the fleet' (Att.) a.o., s. Bosshardt 53 f. From this the dimin. στόλ-ιον n. (Delos IIa, AP a.o.); στολ-άς f. `jacket' (Ael.); στολ-ίς f. `dress', pl. `folds' (E., Arist. etc.) with - ίδιον, - ιδώδης, - ιδόομαι, - ίδωμα, - ιδωτός. - From στολή and στόλος: στολ-ίζω, also w. κατα-, συν-, ὑπο- `to place in order, to equip, to dress' (Hes. Op. 628, E., hell. a. late), - ισις, - ισμα, ισμός, - ιστής, - ιστήριον, - ιστεία; - άζομαι `to dress' in ἐστολάδαντο (metr. inscr. Marathon IIp; cf. ἐρράδαται a.o. Schwyzer 672). -- 3. στολμός m. `equipment, clothing' (A., E.). -- B. στέλμα στέφος, στέμμα H. (correct?); στελμονίαι ζώματα H. (= X. Cyr. 6, 1); cf. ἁρ-μον-ία a.o., Scheller Oxytonierung 58f. -- C. 1. - σταλ-μα, only from the prefixed ἐπι-στέλλω etc.: ἐπί-, διά-, ἀπό-σταλμα n. `public mission etc.' (Thphr., pap.). 2. διασταλ-μός m. `assessment' (pap. VIp). 3. στάλ-σις f. `obstruction' (Gal.), διά- στέλλω `destination, treaty' (LXX). 4. ἀνα-, δια-, περι- etc. - σταλτικός (late). --5. On στάλιξ s. v.Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [1019] * stel- `put (up), stand'; also [985] * spel- `split'?Etymology: The above forms form in spite of all semantic differentiation a well kept together formal system. Outside the wide semantic cadre are, however, στόλος in the sense of `ships beak a.o.', a meaning which seems difficult to connect with στέλλω `prepare, equip, send out', but which can without difficulty be connected with στελεά, στέλεχος, στήλη [which in my view do not belong to στέλλω]. When judging the etymology some seemingly Aeolic, mostly only lexically attested forms with σπ- (against inscr. ἀπο-, ἐπι-στέλλαι) must not be overlooked: σπελλάμεναι στειλάμεναι, σπολεῖσα σταλεῖσα, εὔσπολον εὑεί-μονα, εὑσταλέα, κασπέλλει (cod. - έλη) στορνύει (all H.); σπόλα = στολή (Sapph.), κασπολέω (- σπελ-?) ὑποστορέσω (Sapph., H.). So ΙΑ. στελ-, Aeol. σπελ- from IE skʷel- (lit. in Persson Beitr. 1, 422)? After Bechtel Dial. 1, 125f. (with Schulze; cf. on this Hamm Grammatik 15 w. n. 3) in IA. στέλλω IE * stel- `send' and skʷel- `equip' (from where Aeol. σπελ-) would have fallen together. The difficulty to find IE * skʷel- back in other languages, as well as the meagre documentation of the σπ-forms both arouse suspicion against such a supposition. For some of the relevant words ( σπόλα, εὔσπολος) one might sonsider a connection with IE * spel- `split' (s. σπολάς). -- Exact cognates outside Greek are missing. Nearest comes Arm. steɫc-anem, aor. steɫc-i `prepare, creare' with unclear c (ɫc from l + s with Pedersen KZ 39, 427 ?); beside it steɫn, pl. steɫun-k` `stem, stalk, twig' (cf. στέλεχος, στελεά). Also several other words go back on IE * stel-, but deviate semantically from στέλλω: Alb. shtiell `wind up, reel up, collect' (IE * stel-n-ō); Germ. nouns as OE stela m. `stalk of a plant', OWNo. stiolr m. `tail-bone', NNorw. stjøl `stalk, stem' (\< * stelu-; cf. στελεχος, στελεά). Here belong also the unclear OWNo. stallr m. `constitution, crib, stable', OHG stal m. `living, seat, stable' (to which stellen) from PGm. * stalla- or * staðla-(IE * stol-no- or * st(h)h₂-dhlo- [to st(h)ā- `stand'; s. ἵστημι]); Skt. sthálam n. `continent, earth-bottom', sthálā f. `raised earth' etc. (cf. on στήλη). -- Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 643ff., Pok. 1019f., W.-Hofmann s. locus; older lit. also in Bq. -- The evidence for IE origin is meagre; could the word be Pre-Greek?Page in Frisk: 2,786-788Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στέλλω
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20 παρά
παρά (Hom.+. On elision s. B-D-F §17; Rob. 208) prep. w. three cases (Kühner-G. §440; Schwyzer II 491–98; B-D-F §236–38; Rob. 612–16. Further lit. s.v. ἀνά, beg.; also HRau, De praepositionis παρά usu: GCurtius, Studien etc. III 1870).A. W. gen., which nearly always as in Hom., Hdt., Pla., X. et al. denotes a pers., and indicates that someth. proceeds fr. this pers. (Hs 2:3 is an exception):① marker of extension from the side of, from (the side of) w. local sense preserved, used w. verbs of coming, going, sending, originating, going out, etc. (TestAbr A 2 p. 78, 30 [Stone p. 4] παρὰ τοῦ μεγάλου βασιλέως ἀπεστάλην; Lucian, Demon. 13 ἀπιὼν παρʼ αὐτοῦ) ἐκπορεύεσθαι J 15:26b. ἐξέρχεσθαι 16:27; 17:8; Lk 2:1; 6:19. ἔρχεσθαι 8:49. παραγίνεσθαι Mk 14:43. πέμπειν τινὰ παρά τινος J 15:26a. πνεύματος ἁγίου … παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς ἀποσταλέντος εἰς αὐτήν (=Μαρίαν) AcPlCor 2:5. εἶναι παρά τινος be from someone (cp. Job 21:2, 9) J 6:46; 7:29; 9:16, 33; 17:7.② marker of one who originates or directs, from (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 100 §420 παρὰ τ. θεῶν; TestJob 38:8 παρὰ θεοῦ) παρὰ κυρίου ἐγένετο αὕτη this was the Lord’s doing Mt 21:42; Mk 12:11 (both Ps 117:23). W. a double negative: οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει παρὰ τ. θεοῦ πᾶν ῥῆμα (s. ἀδυνατέω) Lk 1:37. τὰ λελαλημένα αὐτῇ παρὰ κυρίου what was said to her (by the angel) at the Lord’s command vs. 45. ἀπεσταλμένος παρὰ θεοῦ John the Baptist was not, like Jesus, sent out fr. the very presence of God, but one whose coming was brought about by God J 1:6 (cp. 2 Macc 11:17). παρʼ ἑαυτῆς φέρει καρπὸν καὶ παρὰ τῆς πτελέας it (i.e. the vine) bears fruit which comes both from itself and from the elm Hs 2:3. On 2 Pt 2:11 s. κρίσις 1bβ.③ marker of the point fr. which an action originates, fromⓐ after verbsα. of asking, demanding αἰτεῖν and αἰτεῖσθαι (cp. X., An. 1, 3, 16, Hell. 3, 1, 4; SIG 785, 9f; PFay 121, 12ff; Tob 4:19 BA al.; LXX; TestAbr A 9 p. 87, 2 [Stone p. 22]; TestJob 20:2; ParJer 7:14; Jos., Ant. 15, 92) Mt 20:20 v.l. (for ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ); J 4:9; Ac 3:2; 9:2; Js 1:5; 1J 5:15 v.l. (for ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ); 1 Cl 36:4 (Ps 2:8); Hm 9:2, 4; Dg 1. ζητεῖν (Tob 4:18; Sir 7:4; cp. 1 Macc 7:13) Mk 8:11; Lk 11:16; 12:48.β. of taking, accepting, receiving λαμβάνειν (class.; Appian, Mithrid. 88 §397; SIG 546 B, 23 [III B.C.]; Jdth 12:15; Sus 55 Theod.; 1 Macc 8:8; 11:34; 4 Macc 12:11; TestJob 11:5; JosAs 24:11; Just., A I, 39, 5 al.) Mk 12:2; Lk 6:34; J 5:34, 41, 44; 10:18; Ac 2:33; 3:5; 17:9; 20:24; 26:10 (Jos., Ant. 14, 167 λαβὼν ἐξουσίαν παρά σου [= τ. ἀρχιερέως]; 11, 169); Js 1:7; 2 Pt 1:17; 2J 4; Rv 2:28; Hs 1:8; 8, 3, 5; GJs 20, 2 codices. ἀπολαμβάνειν (SIG 150, 19f [restored text; IV B.C.]; 4 Macc 18:23) Hv 5:7. παραλαμβάνειν (Hdt. et al.; oft. ins; POxy 504, 14 al. in pap) Gal 1:12; 1 Th 2:13; 4:1; 2 Th 3:6. δέχεσθαι (Thu. 1, 20, 1 et al.; 1 Macc 15:20; TestJob 11:12; cp. διαδέχεσθαι Ath. 37, 1) Ac 22:5; Phil 4:18a. κομίζεσθαι (SIG 244 I, 5ff [IV B.C.]; Gen 38:20; 2 Macc 7:11; Ath. 12, 1) Eph 6:8. εὑρεῖν (SIG 537, 69; 1099, 28; cp. εὑρίσκω 3, end) 2 Ti 1:18. ἔχειν τι παρά τινος have received someth. fr. someone (1 Esdr 6:5) Ac 9:14; cp. Hv 3, 9, 8. γίνεταί μοί τι παρά τινος I receive someth. from someone (Att.) Mt 18:19. ἔσται μεθʼ ἡμῶν χάρις … παρὰ θεοῦ πατρὸς καὶ παρὰ Ἰησοῦ 2J 3 (cp. X., An. 7, 2, 25). οἱ πιστευθέντες παρὰ θεοῦ ἔργον those who were entrusted by God with a task 1 Cl 43:1 (cp. Polyb. 3, 69, 1; SIG 1207, 12f). παρὰ τοῦ κυρίου πλουτίζεσθαι receive one’s wealth fr. the Lord Hs 2:10.—Sim. in the case of a purchase the seller is introduced by παρά: buy fr. someone ἀγοράζειν (s. ἀγοράζω 1, end) Rv 3:18. ὠνεῖσθαι Ac 7:16. ἄρτον φαγεῖν παρά τινος receive support from someone 2 Th 3:8.γ. of learning, coming to know, hearing, asking ἀκούειν (s. ἀκούω 1bβ and 3) J 1:40; 6:45; 7:51; 8:26, 40; 15:15; Ac 10:22; 28:22; 2 Ti 1:13; 2:2; AcPlCor 1:6; ἀκριβοῦν Mt 2:7, 16. ἐξακριβάζεσθαι Hm 4, 2, 3. ἐπιγινώσκειν Ac 24:8. μανθάνειν (since Aeschyl., Ag. 858; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 176; Sir 8:8f; 2 Macc 7:2 v.l.; 3 Macc 1:1; Just., A I, 23, 1 and D. 78, 1 al.; Ath. 7, 2; 22, 8) 2 Ti 3:14. πυνθάνεσθαι (Hdt. 3, 68; X., Cyr. 1, 6, 23; Pla., Rep. 5, 476e; SIG 1169, 30; 2 Ch 32:31) Mt 2:4; J 4:52 (without παρά v.l.); B 13:2 (Gen 25:22).ⓑ w. adjectival function ὁ, ἡ, τὸ παρά τινος made, given, etc., by someoneα. w. a noun (funct. as a gen.: Pla., Symp. 197e ὁ παρά τινος λόγος ‘the expression made by someone’; X., Hell. 3, 1, 6 δῶρον παρὰ βασιλέως, Mem. 2, 2, 12 ἡ παρά τινος εὔνοια, Cyr. 5, 5, 13 τὸ παρʼ ἐμοῦ ἀδίκημα ‘the crime committed by me’; Polyb. 3, 69, 3 ἡ παρʼ αὐτοῦ σωτηρία; Polyaenus 3, 9, 28 ἡ παρὰ στρατηγοῦ ἀρετή; SIG 543, 27; Ex 4:20; 14:13; Philo, Plant. 14; Jos., Ant. 12, 400; Just., A I, 32, 8 and D. 92, 1 al.; Ath. 7, 1) ἡ παρʼ ἐμοῦ διαθήκη Ro 11:27 (Is 59:21).—Ac 26:12 v.l.; 22 v.l.β. w. subst. functionא. τὰ παρά τινος what someone gives, someone’s gifts (X., Mem. 3, 11, 13; Jos., Bell. 2, 124, Ant. 8, 175; Tat. 32, 1 τὰ παρὰ θεοῦ) Lk 10:7; Phil 4:18b. τὰ παρʼ αὐτῆς her property, what she had Mk 5:26 (cp. IPriene 111, 177). τὰ παρὰ ζώσης καὶ μενούσης (the help that I received) from a living, contemporary voice Papias (2:4).ב. οἱ παρά τινος someone’s envoys (οἱ παρὰ βασιλέω πρέσβει X., Hell. 1, 3, 9; oft. in ins.: see, e.g., OGI 5, 50 from Ptolemy; the full expression οἱ παρʼ ὑμῶν πρεσβείς OGI 8 VI, 108–9; Schwyzer II 498; B-D-F §237, 2) οἱ παρὰ τοῦ βασιλέως (1 Macc 2:15; 1 Esdr 1:15) 1 Cl 12:4.—The Koine also uses this expr. to denote others who are intimately connected w. someone, e.g. family, relatives (PGrenf II, 36, 9 [II B.C.]; POxy 805 [I B.C.]; 298, 37 [I A.D.]; CPR I, 179, 16; 187, 7; Sb 5238, 19 [I A.D.]; Sus 33; 1 Macc 13:52; Jos., Ant. 1, 193. Further exx. fr. pap in Mlt. 106f; Rossberg [s. ἀνά, beg.] 52) Mk 3:21 (s. CBruston/PFarel: RTQR 18, 1909, 82–93; AWabnitz, ibid. 221–25; SMonteil, ibid. 19, 1910, 317–25; JMoulton, Mk 3:21: ET 20, 1909, 476; GHartmann, Mk 3:20f: BZ 11, 1913, 248–79; FZorell, Zu Mk 3:20, 21: ZKT 37, 1913, 695–7; JBelser, Zu Mk 3:20f: TQ 98, 1916, 401–18; Rdm.2 141; 227.—S. also at ἐξίστημι 2a).B. w. dat., the case that exhibits close association① marker of nearness in space, at/by (the side of), beside, near, with, acc. to the standpoint fr. which the relationship is viewedⓐ near, besideα. w. things (Synes., Ep. 126 p. 262a; Kaibel 703, 1; POxy 120, 23; 2 Km 10:8; 11:9; Jos., Ant. 1, 196) εἱστήκεισαν παρὰ τῷ σταυρῷ J 19:25. κεῖσθαι παρὰ τῷ πύργῳ Hv 3, 5, 5.ⓑ in (someone’s) house, city, company, etc. (Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 5 al. παρὰ Λάβαν)α. house: ἀριστᾶν Lk 11:37. καταλύειν 19:7 (Pla., Gorg. 447b; Demosth. 18, 82). μένειν (JosAs 20:8; Jos., Ant. 1, 298; 299) J 1:39; Ac 9:43; 18:3; 21:8. ξενίζεσθαι 10:6; 21:16 (ξενίζω 1). So prob. also ἕκαστος παρʼ ἑαυτῷ each one at home 1 Cor 16:2 (cp. Philo, Cher. 48 παρʼ ἑαυτοῖς, Leg. ad Gai. 271). ὸ̔ν ἀπέλιπον ἐν Τρῳάδι παρὰ Κάρπῳ 2 Ti 4:13.β. city: Rv 2:13. So prob. also ἦσαν παρʼ ἡμῖν ἑπτὰ ἀδελφοί Mt 22:25.—J 4:40; Col 4:16 (where the congregation at Laodicea is contrasted w. the one at Col.).γ. other uses: παρὰ Ἰουδαίοις among Judeans Mt 28:15. παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἐπιμεῖναι remain with them Ac 28:14; cp. 21:7. οἱ παρʼ ὑμῖν πρεσβύτεροι the elders among you 1 Cl 1:3.—παρὰ τῷ πατρί with (of spatial proximity) the Father Mt 6:1; J 8:38a; cp. 17:5 (Synes., Kingship 29 p. 31d: philosophy has her abode παρὰ τῷ θεῷ and if the world refuses to receive her when she descends to earth, μένει παρὰ τῷ πατρί). Of Jesus: παρʼ ὑμῖν μένων while I was with you (on earth) J 14:25. Of the Spirit: παρʼ ὑμῖν μένει vs. 17. Of the Father and Son in their relation to the faithful Christian: μονὴν παρʼ αὐτῷ ποιησόμεθα we will take up our abode with him vs. 23.δ. fig. παρά τινι before someone’s judgment seat (Demosth. 18, 13 εἰς κρίσιν καθιστάναι παρά τινι; Appian, Maced. 11 §8 παρʼ ὑμῖν ἐς κρίσιν) 2 Pt 2:11 v.l. Closely related is② marker of one whose viewpoint is relevant, in the sight or judgment of someone (Soph., Hdt.; PSI 435, 19 [258 B.C.] παρὰ τῷ βασιλεῖ) παρὰ τῷ θεῷ: δίκαιος παρὰ τῷ θεῷ righteous in the sight of God Ro 2:13 (cp. Job 9:2; Jos., Ant. 6, 205; Ath. 31, 2 εὐδοξοῦμεν … παρὰ τῷ θεῷ).—Cp. 1 Cor 3:19; Gal 3:11; 2 Th 1:6; Js 1:27; 1 Pt 2:4; 2 Pt 3:8. θυσία δεκτὴ παρὰ τῷ θεῷ Hs 5, 3, 8. ἔνδοξος παρὰ τῷ θεῷ m 2:6; Hs 5, 3, 3; 8, 10, 1; 9, 27, 3; 9, 28, 3; 9, 29, 3.—9, 7, 6.—Acc. to the judgment of humans (Jos., Ant. 7, 84; Just., A I, 20, 3) 8, 9, 1. τί ἄπιστον κρίνεται παρʼ ὑμῖν; Ac 26:8. ἵνα μὴ ἦτε παρʼ ἑαυτοῖς φρόνιμοι Ro 11:25; cp. 12:16 (s. Pr 3:7 μὴ ἴσθι φρόνιμος παρὰ σεαυτῷ).—‘In the judgment’ passes over into a simpler with (PsSol 9:5 παρὰ κυρίῳ; Jos. Himerius, Or. 8 [=23], 10 παρὰ θεοῖς=with the gods) εὑρεῖν χάριν παρά τινι find favor with someone (Ex 33:16; cp. Num 11:15) Lk 1:30; Hs 5, 2, 10. τοῦτο χάρις παρὰ θεῷ 1 Pt 2:20. χάριν ἔχειν (Ex 33:12) m 5, 1, 5. προέκοπτεν ἐν τῇ χάριτι παρὰ θεῷ καὶ ἀνθρώποις Lk 2:52. τί ταπεινοφροσύνη παρὰ θεῷ ἰσχύει, τί ἀγάπη ἁγνὴ παρά θεῷ δύναται how strong humility is before God, what pure love before God can do 1 Cl 21:8.③ marker of personal reference, at the side of, with almost equivalent to the dat. as such (Ps 75:13): δυνατόν or ἀδύνατον παρά τινι possible or impossible for someone (Gen 18:14; Just., A I, 33, 2; Ath., R. 9 p. 58, 6) Mt 19:26ab; Mk 10:27abc; Lk 1:37 v.l.; 18:27ab; 1 Cl 27:2.—AFridrichsen, SymbOsl 14, ’35, 44–46. Closely related in mng. is④ marker of connection of a quality or characteristic w. a pers., with (οὐκ) ἔστιν τι παρά τινι someth. is (not) with or in someone, someone has someth. (nothing) to do w. someth. (Demosth. 18, 277 εἰ ἔστι καὶ παρʼ ἐμοί τις ἐμπειρία; Gen 24:25; Job 12:13; Ps 129:4 παρὰ σοι ὁ ἱλασμός ἐστιν; Just., D. 82, 1 παρὰ … ἡμῖν … χαρίσματα) οὐκ ἔστιν προσωπολημψία παρὰ τ. θεῷ Ro 2:11 (TestJob 43, 13). Cp. 9:14; Eph 6:9; Js 1:17. Sim. Mt 8:10; 2 Cor 1:17.⑤ marker of a relationship w. a narrow focus, among, before παρʼ ἑαυτοῖς among themselves (Philo, Cher. 48) διαλογίζεσθαι Mt 21:25 v.l. (cp. Demosth. 10, 17 γιγνώσκειν παρʼ αὑτῷ; Epict., Ench. 48, 2).—In ἐν τούτῳ μενέτω παρὰ θεῷ 1 Cor 7:24, the mng. of παρὰ θεῷ is not certain: let the pers. remain in that position (the same one in which he was when called to salvation) before God; it is prob. meant to remind Christians of the One before whom they cannot even have the appearance of inferiority (ins: Mitt-Wilck, I/2, 4, 4 [13 B.C.] παρὰ τῷ κυρίῳ Ἑρμῇ=‘before, in the sight of’; Sb 7616 [II A.D.] τὸ προσκύνημά σου ποιῶ παρὰ τῷ κυρίῳ Σαράπι=‘before the Lord’ S.; 7661, 3 [c. 100 A.D.]; 7932, 7992, 6 [letter II/III A.D.]). Or perh. it simply means that no matter what the situation may be, one is to be focused on God.C. w. acc. of pers. or thing① marker of a position viewed as extended (w. no difference whether παρά answers the question ‘where?’ or ‘whither?’ See B-D-F §236, 1; Rob. 615).ⓐ by, along περιπατεῖν παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν (Pla., Gorg. 511e. Cp. SIG 1182; Jos., Ant. 2, 81) Mt 4:18; cp. Mk 1:16.α. παρὰ (τὴν) θάλασσαν by the sea (or lake) , at the shore Mt 13:1; Mk 4:1; 5:21; Ac 10:6, 32; cp. Lk 5:1, 2. παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν by the side of the road (X., An. 1, 2, 13; Plut., Lysander 450 [29, 4] a tomb παρὰ τ. ὁδόν=beside the road) Mt 20:30; Mk 10:46; Lk 18:35 (but on the road is also poss. in these three places; s. d below).β. παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν to (the side of) the sea (lake) Mt 15:29; Mk 2:13. παρὰ ποταμόν to the river Ac 16:13.ⓒ gener. near, at παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τινός at someone’s feet (sit, fall, place etc.; TestAbr A 17 p. 98, 16 [Stone p. 44]) Mt 15:30; Lk 7:38; 8:35, 41; 10:39 v.l.; 17:16; Ac 4:35, 37 v.l.; 5:2; 7:58; 22:3 (s. ET 30, 1919, 39f). παρὰ τὸν πὺργον beside the tower Hs 9, 4, 8; 9, 6, 5; 8; 9, 7, 1; 9, 11, 6.—παρὰ τὴν ἰτέαν 8, 1, 2 (cp. TestAbr A 6 p. 83, 10 [Stone p. 14] παρὰ τὴν δρῦν τὴν Μαμβρῆ).ⓓ on παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν on the road (w. motion implied; Aesop, Fab. 226 P.=420 H.: πεσὼν παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν; Phot., Bibl. 94 p. 74b on Iambl. Erot. [Hercher I p. 222, 22] πίπτουσι παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν) Mt 13:4, 19; Mk 4:4; Lk 8:5; on the road (w. no motion implied; Theophr., HP 6, 6, 10: the crocus likes to be trodden under foot, διὸ καὶ παρὰ τὰς ὁδοὺς κάλλιστος; Phot. p. 222, 29 H. [s. above]) Mk 4:15; Lk 8:12. Perh. also Mt 20:30; Mk 10:46; Lk 18:35 (s. bα above).—παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης on the seashore Hb 11:12 (TestAbr A 1 p. 78, 1 [Stone p. 4]; ApcEsdr 3:10; ApcSed 8:9).② marker of extension in time, during, from … to (Lucian, Catapl. 24 παρὰ τ. βίον=during his life; POxy 472, 10; TestAbr A 20 p. 102, 26 [Stone p. 52] παρὰ μίαν ὥραν; Tat. 14, 2 παρʼ ὸ̔ν ἔζων χρόνον) παρʼ ἐνιαυτόν from year to year (Plut., Cleom. 15, 1; cp. ἐνιαυτός 1) B 10:7.③ marker of comparative advantage, in comparison to, more than, beyond ἁμαρτωλοί, ὀφειλέται π. πάντας Lk 13:2, 4 (PSI 317, 6 [95 A.D.] παρὰ πάντας; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 234 παρὰ τ. ἄλλους ἅπαντας; JosAs 10:6 παρὰ πάσας τὰς παρθένους; Just., A I, 20, 3 παρὰ πάντας ἀδίκως μισούμεθα). κρίνειν ἡμέραν παρʼ ἡμέραν (s. κρίνω 1) Ro 14:5. π. πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν B 11:9 (prophetic quot. of unknown orig.). π. πάντα τὰ πνεύματα more than all other spirits Hm 10, 1, 2. ἐλαττοῦν τινα π. τινα make someone inferior to someone Hb 2:7, 9 (s. ἐλαττόω 1 and cp. PGrenf I, 42, 12 [II B.C.] ἐλαττουμένων ἡμῶν παρὰ τοὺς δεῖνα). εἶδος ἐκλεῖπον π. τὸ εἶδος τῶν ἀνθρώπων (s. ἐκλείπω 4) 1 Cl 16:3.—After a comp. (Thu. 1, 23, 3; ApcEsdr 1:22; Tat. 2, 2) Lk 3:13; Hb 1:4; 3:3; 9:23; 11:4; 12:24; B 4:5 (cp. Da 7:7); Hv 3, 12, 1; Hs 9, 18, 2.—When a comparison is made, one member of it may receive so little attention as to pass fr. consideration entirely, so that ‘more than’ becomes instead of, rather than, to the exclusion of (Plut., Mor. 984c; PsSol 9:9; EpArist 134; Just., A I, 22, 2) λατρεύειν τῇ κτίσει παρὰ τὸν κτίσαντα serve the creation rather than the Creator Ro 1:25 (cp. EpArist 139: the Jews worship τὸν μόνον θεὸν παρʼ ὅλην τὴν κτίσιν). δεδικαιωμένος παρʼ ἐκεῖνον justified rather than the other Lk 18:14. ἔχρισέν σε … παρὰ τοὺς μετόχους (God) has anointed you and not your comrades Hb 1:9 (Ps 44:8). ὑπερφρονεῖν παρʼ ὸ̔ δεῖ φρονεῖν Ro 12:3 (Plut., Mor. 83f παρʼ ὸ̔ δεῖ). παρὰ καιρὸν ἡλικίας Hb 11:11 (Plut., Rom. 25, 6 παρʼ ἡλικίαν; cp. ἡλικία 2a).—παρὰ δύναμιν beyond their means (s. δύναμις 2) 2 Cor 8:3.—After ἄλλος (Pla., Lach. 178b, Leg. 3, 693b; X., Hell. 1, 5, 5; Demosth. 18, 235) another than 1 Cor 3:11.④ marker of degree that falls slightly short in comparison, except for, almost παρὰ μικρόν except for a little, almost (s. μικρός 1eγ) Hs 8, 1, 14. Likew. παρά τι (cp. Vett. Val. 228, 6) Lk 5:7 D; Hs 9, 19, 3.⑤ marker of causality, because of (cp. Pind., O. 2, 65 κενεὰν παρὰ δίαιταν ‘in the interest of’ or ‘for the sake of a scanty livelihood’, the scantiness here contrasting with the immense labor involved; Demosth. 4, 11; 9, 2; PRyl 243, 6; POxy 1420, 7) παρὰ τό w. acc. foll. because (SIG 495, 130; UPZ 7, 13 [163 B.C.] παρὰ τὸ Ἕλληνά με εἶναι.—Mayser II/1, 1926, 331; Gen 29:20; Ex 14:11) 1 Cl 39:5f (Job 4:20f). π. τοῦτο because of this (Kühner-G. I 513, 3; Synes., Ep. 44 p. 185a; 57 p. 192d) ITr 5:2; IRo 5:1 (quot. fr. 1 Cor 4:4, where Paul has ἐν τούτῳ). οὐ παρὰ τοῦτο οὐ (double neg. as a strengthened affirmative) not for that reason any the less 1 Cor 12:15f.⑥ marker of that which does not correspond to what is expected, against, contrary to (Hom., Alc. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; Just., Tat., Ath.—Schwyzer II 497) π. τὴν διδαχήν Ro 16:17. παρʼ ἐλπίδα against hope (s. ἐλπίς 1a) in wordplay w. ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι 4:18. παρὰ φύσιν (Thu. 6, 17, 1; Pla., Rep. 5, 466d; Tat. 22, 2; Ath. 26, 2, R. 6 p. 54, 13) 1:26; 11:24. παρὰ τὸν νόμον (Just., A II, 2, 4; Ath. 1, 3; cp. X., Mem. 1, 1, 18 παρὰ τοὺς νόμους; PMagd 16, 5 [222 B.C.] παρὰ τοὺς νόμους; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 233; Just., A I, 68, 10) Ac 18:13. παρʼ ὅ contrary to that which Gal 1:8f (Just., A I, 43, 8).⑦ marker of something that is less, less (Hdt. 9, 33; Plut., Caesar 722 [30, 5]; Jos., Ant. 4, 176; POxy 264, 4 [I A.D.]) τεσσεράκοντα παρὰ μίαν forty less one=thirty-nine (i.e. lashes) 2 Cor 11:24 (cp. Makkoth 3, 10 [tr. HDanby, The Mishnah ’33, 407]).—On παρʼ αὐτά ITr 11:1 s. παραυτά.—DELG. M-M. TW.
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relevant — relevant, germane, material, pertinent, apposite, applicable, apropos are comparable when they mean having a relation to or a bearing upon the matter in hand or the present circumstances. Something relevant has a traceable connection, especially… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
Relevant — may refer to:* Relevant operator, a concept in physics, see renormalization group * Relevant, Ain, a commune of the Ain département in France * Relevant Magazine , an American religious publication *Relevant (horse), a famous Oldenburg horse in… … Wikipedia
relevant — Adj bedeutsam erw. fach. (20. Jh.) Entlehnung. Entlehnt aus e. relevant, dieses aus l. relevans, dem Partizip Präsens zu l. relevāre in die Höhe heben aus l. levāre heben und l. re . Ebenso nndl. relevant, nschw. relevant, nnorw. relevant;… … Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen sprache
relevant — [rel′ə vənt] adj. [ML relevans, prp. of relevare, to bear upon < L, to lift up: see RELIEVE] bearing upon or relating to the matter in hand; pertinent; to the point relevance n. relevancy relevantly adv. SYN. RELEVANT implies close logical… … English World dictionary
Relevant Label Group — Relevant Label Group, a group of independent record labels based out of Nashville, Long Beach, and New York City. The company holds an extensive catalog of musical recordings dating back to the 1940s.MissionThe mission of RLG is to place… … Wikipedia
relevant property trust — England, Wales A trust that includes relevant property. Relevant property trusts are subject to the specific inheritance tax regime in Chapter III, Part III of the Inheritance Tax Act 1984 (known as the relevant property regime). Practical Law… … Law dictionary