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41 σῶμα
σῶμα, ατος, τό (Hom.+) ‘body.’① body of a human being or animal, bodyⓐ dead body, corpse (so always in Hom. [but s. HHerter, σῶμα bei Homer: Charites, Studien zur Altertumswissenschaft, ELanglotz Festschr., ed. KvonSchauenburg ’57, 206–17] and oft. later, e.g. Memnon: 434 Fgm. 1, 3, 3 Jac. καίειν τὸ ς.=burn the corpse; ins, pap, LXX; PsSol 2:27; TestJob 52:11; ApcMos 34 al.; Philo, Abr. 258; Jos., Bell. 6, 276, Ant. 18, 236; Ar. 4, 3; Mel., P. 28, 196) Mt 14:12 v.l.; 27:59; Mk 15:45 v.l.; Lk 17:37; Ac 9:40; GPt 2:4; pl. J 19:31. W. gen. Mt 27:58; Mk 15:43; Lk 23:52, 55; 24:3, 23; J 19:38ab, 40; 20:12; Jd 9; GPt 2:3. Pl. Mt 27:52; Hb 13:11. AcPlCor 2:27.ⓑ the living body (Hes. et al.) of animals Js 3:3.—Mostly of human beings Mt 5:29f; 6:22f; 26:12; Mk 5:29; 14:8; Lk 11:34abc; J 2:21; Ro 1:24; 1 Cor 6:18ab; IRo 5:3. τὰ τοῦ σώματος the parts of the body 4:2. Of women αἱ ἀσθενεῖς τῷ σώματι 1 Cl 6:2; cp. Hv 3, 11, 4.—W. and in contrast to πνεῦμα (4 Macc 11:11) Ro 8:10, 13; 1 Cor 5:3; 7:34; Js 2:26. W. and in contrast to ψυχή (Pla., Gorg. 47, 493a; Diod S 34 + 35 Fgm. 2, 30; Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 112 §467; Ael. Aristid. 45, 17f K.=8 p. 88f D.; Lucian, Imag. 23; PGM 7, 589; Wsd 1:4; 8:19f; 2 Macc 7:37; 14:38; 4 Macc 1:28; ApcEsdr 7:3 p. 32, 13 Tdf.; EpArist 139; Philo; Jos., Bell. 3, 372–78; 6, 55; Just., A I, 8, 4; D. 6, 2 al.; Tat. 13, 1; Ath. 1, 4; Did., Gen. 56, 4; Theoph. Ant. 1, 5 [p. 66, 2]) Mt 6:25ab; 10:28ab; Lk 12:4 v.l., 22f; 2 Cl 5:4 (a saying of Jesus, fr. an unknown source); 12:4; MPol 14:2; AcPl Ha 1, 4. τὸ πνεῦμα καὶ ἡ ψυχὴ καὶ τὸ σῶμα (s. the Christian POxy 1161, 6 [IV A.D.]) 1 Th 5:23. W. and in contrast to its parts (ApcSed 11:13; Mel., P. 78, 563) Ro 12:4; 1 Cor 12:12abc (Ltzm. ad loc.), 14–20 (PMich 149, 4, 26 [II A.D.] ἧπαρ … ὅλον τὸ σῶμα); Js 3:6; 1 Cl 37:5abcd. The body as the seat of sexual function Ro 4:19; 1 Cor 7:4ab (rights over the σῶμα of one’s spouse as Artem. 1, 44 p. 42, 14f; Iren. 1, 13, 3 [Harv. I 119, 10]).—The body as seat of mortal life εἶναι ἐν σώματι be in the body = alive, subject to mortal ills (TestAbr A 9 p. 87, 3 [Stone p. 22]; Poryphr., Abst. 1, 38) Hb 13:3. ἐνδημεῖν ἐν τῷ σώματι 2 Cor 5:6 (s. ἐνδημέω). ἐκδημῆσαι ἐκ τοῦ σώματος vs. 8 (s. ἐκδημέω). διὰ τοῦ σώματος during the time of one’s mortal life (cp. Lucian, Menipp. 11, end, Catapl. 23) vs. 10 (s. κομίζω 3, but s. also below in this section). Paul does not know whether, in a moment of religious ecstasy, he was ἐν σώματι or ἐκτὸς (χωρὶς) τοῦ σώματος 12:2f (of Epimenides [A2: Vorsokrat.5 I p. 29] it was said ὡς ἐξίοι ἡ ψυχὴ ὁπόσον ἤθελε καιρὸν καὶ πάλιν εἰσῄει ἐν τῷ σώματι; Clearchus, Fgm. 7: καθάπερ ὁ Κλέαρχος ἐν τοῖς περὶ ὕπνου φησίν, περὶ τῆς ψυχῆς, ὡς ἄρα χωρίζεται τοῦ σώματος καὶ ὡς εἴσεισιν εἰς τὸ σῶμα καὶ ὡς χρῆται αὐτῷ οἷον καταγωγίῳ [a resting-place]. In Fgm. 8 Clearchus tells about Cleonymus the Athenian, who seemed to be dead, but awakened after 3 days and thereupon reported everything that he had seen and heard ἐπειδὴ χωρὶς ἦν τοῦ σώματος. His soul is said finally to have arrived εἴς τινα χῶρον ἱερὸν τῆς Ἑστίας; Maximus Tyr. 38, 3a–f Ἀριστέας ἔφασκεν τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτῷ καταλιποῦσαν τὸ σῶμα in order to wander through the universe. He finds faith everywhere. Similarly 10, 2f. See also the story of Hermotimus in Apollon. Paradox. 3 as well as Lucian, Musc. Enc. [The Fly] 7.—On the two kinds of transcendent vision [with or without the body] s. Proclus, In Pla. Rem Publ. II p. 121, 26ff Kroll: οἱ μὲν μετὰ τοῦ σώματος τῶν τοιούτων [like Ἐμπεδότιμος] ἵστορες [=eyewitnesses], οἱ δὲ ἄνευ σώματος [like Κλεώνυμος]. καὶ πλήρεις αἱ παραδόσεις τούτων.). ἀπὼν τῷ σώματι (παρὼν δὲ τῷ πνεύματι) 1 Cor 5:3. ἡ παρουσία τοῦ σώματος 2 Cor 10:10 (παρουσία 1). The body is the instrument of human experience and suffering 4:10ab; Gal 6:17 (allusion AcPlCor 2, 35); Phil 1:20; the body is the organ of a person’s activity: δοξάσατε τὸν θεὸν ἐν τῷ σώματι ὑμῶν glorify God through your body, i.e. by leading an upright life 1 Cor 6:20; cp. Ro 12:1. This may be the place (s. above in this section) for διὰ τοῦ σώματος 2 Cor 5:10 which, in that case, would be taken in an instrumental sense with or through the body (cp. Pla., Phd. 65a; Ps.-Pla., Axioch. 13, 371c; Aelian, NA 5, 26 τὰ διὰ τοῦ σώματος πραττόμενα). In some of the last-named passages (such as Ro 12:1; Phil 1:20; also Eph 5:28 w. parallel in Plut., Mor. 142e: s. HAlmqvist, Plut. u. d. NT ’46, 116f) the body is almost synonymous w. the whole personality (as Aeschin., Or. 2, 58; X., An. 1, 9, 12 τὰ ἑαυτῶν σώματα=themselves. Appian, Syr. 41 §218 παρεδίδου τὸ σῶμα τοῖς ἐθέλουσιν ἀπαγαγεῖν=[Epaminondas] gave himself up to those who wished to take him away, Mithr. 27 §107 ἐς τὸ σῶμα αὐτοῦ=against his person, Bell. Civ. 2, 106 §442 Caesar’s person [σῶμα] is ἱερὸς καὶ ἄσυλος=sacred and inviolable; 3, 39 §157 ἔργον … σῶμα=course of action … person; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 55, 7 [III B.C.] ἑκάστου σώματος=for every person. See Wilcken’s note).—Because it is subject to sin and death, man’s mortal body as τὸ σῶμα τῆς σαρκός (σάρξ 2cα) Col 2:11 is a σῶμα τῆς ἁμαρτίας Ro 6:6 or τοῦ θανάτου 7:24; cp. 8:11. In fact, σῶμα can actually take the place of σάρξ 8:13 (cp. Herm. Wr. 4, 6b ἐὰν μὴ πρῶτον τὸ σῶμα μισήσῃς, σεαυτὸν φιλῆσαι οὐ δύνασαι; 11, 21a.—Cp. Hippol., Ref. 5, 19, 6). As a σῶμα τῆς ταπεινώσεως lowly body it stands in contrast to the σῶμα τῆς δόξης glorious body of the heavenly beings Phil 3:21. In another pass. σῶμα ψυχικόν of mortals is opposed to the σῶμα πνευματικόν after the resurrection 1 Cor 15:44abc.—Christ’s earthly body, which was subject to death (Orig., C. Cels. 2, 9, 13) Ro 7:4; Hb 10:5 (Ps 39:7 v.l.), 10; 1 Pt 2:24; AcPlCor 2:16f. τὸ σῶμα καὶ τὰ ὀστᾶ καὶ τὸ πνεῦμα Χριστοῦ 2:32. τὸ σῶμα τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ Col 1:22. Esp. in the language of the Eucharist (opp. αἷμα) Mt 26:26; Mk 14:22; Lk 22:19; 1 Cor 10:16 (GBornkamm, NTS 2, ’56, 202–6); 11:24, 27, 29. S. the lit. s.v. ἀγάπη 2 and εὐχαριστία 3, also JBonsirven, Biblica 29, ’48, 205–19.—ἓν σῶμα a single body 1 Cor 6:16 (cp. Jos., Ant. 7, 66 Δαυίδης τήν τε ἄνω πόλιν κ. τὴν ἄκραν συνάψας ἐποίησεν ἕν σῶμα; Artem. 3, 66 p. 196, 9; RKempthorne, NTS 14. ’67/68, 568–74).② pl. σώματα slaves (Herodas 2, 87 δοῦλα σώματα; Polyb. et al.; oft. Vett. Val.; ins, pap; Gen 36:6; Tob 10:10; Bel 32; 2 Macc 8:11; Jos., Ant. 14, 321; cp. our colloq. ‘get some bodies for the job’) Rv 18:13 (cp. Ezk 27:13; the abs. usage rejected by Atticists, s. Phryn. 378 Lob.).③ plant and seed structure, body. In order to gain an answer to his own question in 1 Cor 15:35 ποίῳ σώματι ἔρχονται; (i.e. the dead after the resurrection), Paul speaks of bodies of plants (which are different in kind fr. the ‘body’ of the seed which is planted.—Maximus Tyr. 40, 60e makes a distinction betw. the σώματα of the plants, which grow old and pass away, and their σπέρματα, which endure.—σώματα of plants also in Apollon. Paradox. 7 [after Aristot.]) vs. 37f, and of σώματα ἐπουράνια of the heavenly bodies vs. 40 (cp. Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 2, 2 the stars as σώματα θεῖα; Maximus Tyr. 21, 8b οὐρανὸς κ. τὰ ἐν αὐτῷ σώματα, acc. to 11, 12a οἱ ἀστέρες; 40, 4h; Sallust. 9 p. 18, 5).④ substantive reality, the thing itself, the reality in imagery of a body that casts a shadow, in contrast to σκιά (q.v. 3) Col 2:17.⑤ a unified group of people, body fig. ext. of 1, of the Christian community or church (cp. Cyr. Ins. 58, ‘body of the Hellenes’; Polyaenus, Exc. 18, 4 of the phalanx; Libanius, Or. 1 p. 176, 25 F. τὸ τῆς πόλεως ς.; Plut., Philop. 360 [8, 2]), esp. as the body of Christ, which he fills or enlivens as its Spirit (in this case the head belongs with the body, as Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 26 §101, where a severed head is differentiated from τὸ ἄλλο σῶμα=the rest of the body), or crowns as its Head (Hdt. 7, 140; Quint. Smyrn. 11, 58; SIG 1169, 3; 15 κεφαλή w. σῶμα as someth. equally independent; Orig., C. Cels. 6, 79, 27): οἱ πολλοὶ ἓν σῶμά ἐσμεν ἐν Χριστῷ Ro 12:5. Cp. 1 Cor 10:17; 12:13, 27; Eph (s. Schlier s.v. ἐκκλησία 3c) 1:23; 2:16; 4:12, 16; 5:23, 30; Col 1:18, 24; 2:19; 3:15; ISm 1:2; Hs 9, 17, 5; 9, 18, 3f. ἓν σῶμα καὶ ἓν πνεῦμα Eph 4:4; cp. Hs 9, 13, 5; 7 (Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 30, 167: all as ἓν σῶμα κ. μία ψυχή; also Just., D. 42, 3) διέλκομεν τὰ μέλη τοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ στασιάζομεν πρὸς τὸ σῶμα τὸ ἴδιον 1 Cl 46:7.—T Schmidt, Der Leib Christi (σῶμα Χριστοῦ) 1919; EKäsemann, Leib u. Leib Christi ’33 (for a critique s. SHanson, Unity of the Church in the NT ’46, 113–16); ÉMersch, Le Corps mystique du Christ2 ’36; AWikenhauser, D. Kirche als d. myst. Leib Christi, nach dem Ap. Pls2 ’40; EPercy, D. Leib Christi in d. paulin. Homologumena u. Antilegomena ’42; RHirzel, Die Person: SBMünAk 1914 H. 10 p. 6–28 (semantic history of σῶμα); WKnox, Parallels to the NT use of σῶμα: JTS 39, ’38, 243–46; FDillistone, How Is the Church Christ’s Body?: Theology Today 2, ’45/46, 56–68; WGoossens, L’Église corps de Christ d’après St. Paul2 ’49; CCraig, Soma Christou: The Joy of Study ’51, 73–85; JRobinson, The Body: A Study in Pauline Theol. ’52; RBultmann, Theol. of the NT, tr. KGrobel ’51, 192–203; HClavier, CHDodd Festschr. ’56, 342–62; CColpe, Zur Leib-Christi Vorstellung im Eph, ’60, 172–87; KGrobel, Bultmann Festschr. ’54, 52–59; HHegermann, TLZ 85, ’60, 839–42; ESchweizer, ibid. 86, ’61, 161–74; 241–56; JMeuzelaar, D. Leib des Messias, ’61; MDahl, The Resurrection of the Body, ’62; RJewett, Paul’s Anthropological Terms, ’71, 201–304; JZiegler, NovT 25, ’83, 133–45 (LXX); JDunn: JSNT Suppl. 100, ’94, 163–81 (Col.).—B. 198. New Docs 4, 38f. DELG. M-M. TW. Sv. -
42 ἀνάστασις
ἀνάστασις, εως, ἡ (s. ἀνίστημι; Aeschyl., Hdt.+ in var. mngs.).① a change for the better in status, rising up, rise (La 3:63; Zech 3:8; Jos., Ant. 17, 212; 18, 301 [here of the ‘erection’ of a statue]) κεῖται εἰς πτῶσιν καὶ ἀ. πολλῶν he is destined for the fall and rise of many of Jesus Lk 2:34, i.e. because of him many will fall and others will rise, viz. in relation to God (for contrast w. πτῶσις cp. Evagrius Pont., Sent. 5, 19 p. 327 Frankenberg: ἡ μικρὰ τ. σώματος ἀνάστασίς ἐστιν ἡ μετάθεσις αὐτοῦ ἐκ πτώσεως τ. ἀσελγείας εἰς τὴν τ. ἁγιασμοῦ ἀνάστασιν).—Esp.② resurrection from the dead, resurrection (Aeschyl., Eum. 648 ἅπαξ θανόντος οὔτις ἐστʼ ἀ. [cp. Job 7:9f; 16:22]; Ps.-Lucian, De Salt. 45; Ael. Aristid. 32, 25 K.=12 p. 142 D.; 46 p. 300 D.; IGR IV 743, 25 [ο]ἱ δὴ δ[είλ]αιοι πάντ[ες] εἰς ἀ[νά]στασιν|[----][the stone breaks off after ἀ. and some think that βλέποντες or the like is to be supplied]; 2 Macc 7:14; 12:43), and soⓐ in the past: of Jesus’ res. (Orig., C. Cels. 5, 57, 25) Ac 1:22; 2:31; 4:33; Ro 6:5; Phil 3:10 (JFitzmyer, BRigaux Festschr., ’70, 411–25); 1 Pt 3:21; 1 Cl 42:3; ISm 3:1, 3; in more detail ἀ. ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 Pt 1:3; ἀ. νεκρῶν res. from the dead Ro 1:4; w. the passion of Jesus IEph 20:1; Mg 11; Tr ins; Phld ins; 8:2; 9:2; Sm 7:2; 12:2; cp. 1:2. τὸν Ἰησοῦν καὶ τὴν ἀ. εὐαγγελίζεσθαι proclaim Jesus and the res. i.e. his res., and in consequence, the possibility of a general res. Ac 17:18 (but s. 3 below. τὸν Ἰησοῦν καὶ τὴν ἀνάστασιν could also mean ‘the res. of Jesus’, as perh. Nicol Dam.: 90 Fgm. 130, 18 p. 400, 17 Jac. μνήμη τἀνδρὸς καὶ φιλοστοργίας=‘… the love of the man’); cp. vs. 32 and 4:2. Of the raisings from the dead by Elijah and Elisha ἔλαβον γυναῖκες ἐξ ἀ. τοὺς νεκροὺς αὐτῶν women (i.e. the widow of Zarephath and the Shunammite woman 3 Km 17:23; 4 Km 4:36) received their dead by res. Hb 11:35.ⓑ of the future res. (Theoph. Ant. 1, 13 [p. 86, 25]), linked with Judgment Day: described as ἀ. νεκρῶν (Did., Gen. 96, 13) Mt 22:31; Ac 23:6; 24:15, 21; 26:23; 1 Cor 15:12f; 21; 42; Hb 6:2; D 16:6; or ἀ. ἐκ νεκρῶν Lk 20:35; B 5:6; AcPlCor 2:35 (cp. Ar. 15, 3; Just., D. 45, 2); cp. IPol 7:1; Pol 7:1; MPol 14:2. ἀ. σαρκός (not found in the NT) AcPlCor 1:12; 2:24 (Just., D. 80, 5; σωμάτων Tat. 6, 1; Ath., R. 11 p. 59, 14). Of Jesus: τὴν ἀ. ποιεῖν bring about the res. (of the dead) B 5:7. Jesus’ Passion as our res. ISm 5:3. ἀθάνατος τῆς ἀ. καρπός 2 Cl 19:3. Described as ἀ. κρείττων Hb 11:35 in contrast w. the res. of the past, because the latter was, after all, followed by death. ἡ μέλλουσα ἀ. (Theoph. Ant. 2, 15 [p. 138, 17]) the future res. 1 Cl 24:1. ἡ κατὰ καιρὸν γινομένη ἀ. the res. that comes at regular intervals (i.e. seasons, day and night), as a type of the future res. 24:2.—More details in J, who mentions an ἀ. ἐν τῇ ἐσχάτῃ ἡμέρᾳ on the Last Day J 11:24 and differentiates betw. the ἀ. κρίσεως res. for judgment for the wicked and the ἀ. ζωῆς res. to life for those who do good 5:29. Christ calls himself ἡ ἀ. and ἡ ζωή 11:25, since he mediates both to humans.—Paul seeks to demonstrate the validity of belief in Jesus’ res. in terms of the res. of the dead in general 1 Cor 15:12ff (s. MDahl, The Res. of the Body. A Study of 1 Cor 15, ’62 and s. τάγμα 1b). γνῶναι … τὴν δύναμιν τῆς ἀ. αὐτου Phil 3:10.—Lk 14:14 mentions only a res. of the just, as in some intertestamental belief; likew. B 21:1. Hebraistically υἱοὶ τῆς ἀ. (w. υἱοὶ θεοῦ) children of the res.=sharers in the resurrection Lk 20:36. A second res. is presupposed by the ἀ. ἡ πρώτη of Rv 20:5f. Denial of res. by the Sadducees Mt 22:23, 28, 30f; Mk 12:18, 23; Lk 20:27, 33, 35f (on this see Schürer II 391; 411); by the Epicureans Ac 17:18 (ERohde, Psyche3 1903 II 331–35; cp. the ins 2 above, beg.); and by Christians 1 Cor 15:12 (prob. in the sense of Just., D. 80, 4 λέγουσι μὴ εἶναι νεκρῶν ἀνάστασιν, ἀλλʼ ἅμα τῷ ἀποθνῄσκειν τὰς ψυχὰς αὐτῶν ἀναλαμβάνεσθαι εἰς τ. οὐρανόν ‘they say there is no resurrection of the dead, but that at the time of death their souls are taken up into heaven’; s. JWilson, ZNW 59, ’68, 90–107); 2 Ti 2:18 (cp. Menander in Iren. 1, 23, 5 [Harv. I 195] resurrectionem enim per id quod est in eum baptisma, accipere eius discipulos, et ultra non posse mori, sed perseverare non senescentes et immortales [Menander teaches that] ‘his followers receive resurrection by being baptized into him, and that they face death no more, but live on without growing old, exempt from death’; cp. Just., A I, 26, 4; Valentinus in Clem. of Alex., Str. 4, 13, 91; Tertull., Carn. Resurr. 25 agnitio sacramenti [=ἡ τοῦ μυστηρίου γνῶσις] resurrectio).—FNötscher, Altoriental. u. atl. Auferstehungsglaube 1926; JLeipoldt, Sterbende u. auferstehende Götter 1923; Cumont3 ’31; ANikolainen, D. Auferstehungsglauben in d. Bibel u. in ihrer Umwelt. I Relgesch. Teil ’44. II NT ’46.—WBousset, Rel.3, 1926, 269–74 al.; Billerb. IV 1928, 1166–98.—AMeyer, D. Auferstehung Christi 1905; KLake, The Historical Evidence of Res. of Jesus Christ 1907; LBrun, D. Auferst. Christi in d. urchr. Überl. 1925; PGardner-Smith, The Narratives of the Resurrection 1926; SMcCasland, The Res. of Jesus ’32; MGoguel, La foi à la résurr. de Jésus dans le Christianisme primitif ’33; EFascher, ZNW 26, 1927, 1–26; EFuchs, ZKG 51, ’32, 1–20; AThomson, Did Jesus Rise from the Dead? ’40; EHirsch, D. Auferstehungsgeschichten u. d. chr. Glaube ’40; PAlthaus, D. Wahrheit des kirchl. Osterglaubens2 ’41; WMichaelis, D. Erscheinungen des Auferstandenen ’44; ARamsey, The Res. of Christ ’45; JLeipoldt, Zu den Auferstehungsgeschichten: TLZ 73, ’48, 737–42 (rel.-Hist.); KRengstorf, Die Auferstehung Jesu2 ’54; GKoch, Die Auferstehung J. Christi ’59; HGrass, Ostergeschehen u. Osterberichte ’56; ELohse, Die Auferstehung J. Chr. im Zeugnis des Lk ’61; HvCampenhausen, Tradition and Life in the Early Church, ’68, 42–89; WCraig, Assessing the NT Evidence for the Historicity of the Resurrection of Jesus ’89; GLüdemann, Die Auferstehung Jesu ’94. S. also τάφος 1.—KDeissner, Auferstehungshoffnung u. Pneumagedanke b. Pls 1912; GVos, The Pauline Doctrine of the Res.: PTR 27, 1929, 1–35; 193–226; FGuntermann, D. Eschatologie d. hl. Pls ’32; HMolitor, Die Auferstehung d. Christen und Nichtchristen nach d. Ap. Pls ’33; LSimeone, Resurrectionis iustorum doctr. in Ep. S. Pauli ’38; DStanley, Christ’s Resurrection in Pauline Soteriology ’61; CMoule, NTS 12, ’65/66, 106–23; MdeBoer, The Defeat of Death ’88; JHolleman, A Traditio-Historical Study of Paul’s Eschatology in 1 Cor 15 (NovT Suppl. 84), ’96.—RGrant, Miracle and Nat. Law ’52, 221–63. JBuitkamp, Auferstehungsglaube in den Qumrantexten, diss. Groningen ’64; GWild, Auferstehungsglaube des späten Israel, diss. Bonn. ’67; W. Pannenberg, Grundzüge der Christologie6 ’82, 74ff.③ a deity within a polytheistic system, Resurrection Ac 17:18. This interpr., first set forth by Chrysostom (Hom. in Act. 38, 1), has found modern supporters (s. Haenchen ad loc.). The semantic issue arises from the fact that the narrative presents the auditors as theologically ignorant. Their assumption is that Paul seemed to be a proclaimer of ‘new divinities’ (vs. 18a). From their perspective the term ἀ. suggests a divinity named Resurrection (abstractions identified as divinities were not uncommon in the Gr-Rom. world, s. EA 19 ’92, 71–73). But the omniscient author informs the reader that bodily resurrection (as in 2 above) is meant.—DELG s.v. ἵστημι. M-M. TW. Sv. -
43 Ἰούδας
Ἰούδας, α, ὁ (יְהוּדָה Judah, etym. unknown; LXX; TestSol 1:12 D; Test12Patr; JosAs 27:6; AscIs, EpArist, Philo, Joseph., Just., Mel., P. 93, 703.—The indecl. form Ἰουδά, which occasionally occurs in the LXX [e.g. Gen 29:35; 2 Macc 14:13 Swete; Thackeray 163] is not to be postulated for our lit., not even Mt 2:6; Lk 1:39) Judas, Judah (Hebr., the Engl. sp. conventionally used for 1 and 2), Judas (Gk., conventional sp. for nos. 3–7), Jude (s. 8 below); cp. B-D-F §53, 1; 55, 1a; Mlt-H, 143f.① Judah, son of the patriarch Jacobⓐ in pers.: in the genealogy of Jesus Mt 1:2f; Lk 3:33. κατὰ τὸν Ἰούδαν through Judah 1 Cl 32:2.ⓑ the tribe of Judah (Judg 1:2) ἐξ Ἰούδα ἀνατέταλκεν ὁ κύριος Hb 7:14. Also φυλὴ Ἰούδα Rv 5:5; 7:5 (Just., D. 43, 1).ⓒ the country belonging to the tribe of Judah (Josh 11:21; 2 Ch 28:18) Βηθλέεμ γῆ Ἰούδα Mt 2:6a; cp. Lk 2:4 D; ἡγεμόνες Ἰ. Mt 2:6b; πόλις Ἰ. (2 Ch 23:2) Lk 1:39 (cp. CTorrey, HTR 17, 1924, 83–91). ὁ οἶκος Ἰ. (w. ὁ οἶκος Ἰσραήλ) the inhabitants of the land Hb 8:8 (Jer 38:31).② Judah, a pers. in the genealogy of Jesusⓐ Ἰ. son of Ἰωσήφ 2: Lk 3:30.ⓑ Ἰ. son of Ἰωανάν: Lk 3:26 v.l.③ Judas, called ὁ Γαλιλαῖος, a revolutionary in the time of Quirinius ‘in the days of the census’ (cp. Jos., Ant. 18, 4–10, 23–25; 20, 102, Bell. 2, 118; 433; 7, 253.—Schürer I 381f; 414; 417f; 425; II 599–606) Ac 5:37.—WLodder, J. de Galileër: NTS 9, 1926, 3–15.④ Judas of Damascus, Paul’s host Ac 9:11.⑤ Judas, an apostle, called Ἰ. Ἰακώβου son of Jacob or James (linguistically speaking, ἀδελφός might also be supplied: Alciphron 4, 17, 10 Τιμοκράτης ὁ Μητροδώρου, i.e. his brother), to differentiate him fr. the informer. He is mentioned in lists of apostles only in the writings of Luke, where two men named Judas are specifically referred to Lk 6:16 and presupposed Ac 1:13; cp. J 14:22.⑥ Judas, several times called Ἰσκαριώθ or (ὁ) Ἰσκαριώτης (q.v.), the one who turned in Jesus Mt 10:4; 26:14, 25, 47; 27:3; Mk 3:19; 14:10, 43; Lk 6:16 (προδότης ‘traitor’); 22:3, 47f; J 12:4; 13:29; 18:2f, 5; Ac 1:16, 25; GEb 34, 61; Agr 23b; MPol 6:2 (also Mel., P. 93, 703). His father was Simon J 13:2, and this Simon is also called Ἰσκαριώτης 6:71; 13:26 (v.l. described him as Ἰσκαρ.). On Judas himself and the tradition concerning him, incl. the manner of his death, s. Papias (1:5 Lat. [cp. Hippolytus in Da 60 p. 338, 3 Bonwetsch]; 3:1, 2).—Cp. EPreuschen, Antileg.2 1905, 98. Lit. in Hennecke-Schneemelcher (Wils.) II 62–64 (s. also I 313f) as well as GMarquardt, D. Verrat des J. Isch.—eine Sage 1900; WWrede, Vorträge u. Studien 1907, 127–46; FFeigel, D. Einfluss d. Weissagungsbeweises 1910, 48ff; 95; 114; WSmith, Ecce Deus 1911, 295–309; KWeidel, StKr 85, 1912, 167–286; GSchläger, Die Ungeschichtlichkeit des Verräters J.: ZNW 15, 1914, 50–59; MPlath, ibid. 17, 1916, 178–88; WCadman, The Last Journey of Jesus to Jerus. 1923, 129–36; JRobertson, Jesus and J. 1927; DHaugg, J. Isk. in den ntl. Berichten 1930 (lit.); JFinegan, D. Überl. d. Leidens-u. Auferstehungsgesch. Jesu ’34; FDanker, The Literary Unity of Mk 14:1–25: JBL 85, ’66, 467–72. Esp. on the death of J.: RHarris, AJT 4, 1900, 490–513; JBernard, Exp. 6th ser., 9, 1904, 422–30; KLake, Beginn. V ’33, note 4, 22–30; PBenoit, La mort de Judas, AWikenhauser Festschr. ’53, 1–19; KLüthi, Judas Iskarioth in d. Geschichte d. Auslegung von d. Reformation bis zur Gegenwart ’55; idem, D. Problem d. Judas Iskarioth neu untersucht: EvTh 16, ’56, 98–114; MEnslin, How the Story Grew: Judas in Fact and Fiction: FGingrich Festschr., ed. Barth and Cocroft, ’72, 123–41; and s. παραδίδωμι and πρηνής.—JBrownson, Neutralizing the Intimate Enemy—The Portrayal of Judas in the Fourth Gospel: SPSBL ’92, 49–60; WKlassen, Judas—Betrayer or Friend of Jesus? ’96; s. also WVogler, Judas Iskarioth ’83.⑦ Judas, called Βαρσαββᾶς (s. the entry), a Christian prophet in a leading position in the Jerusalem congregation Ac 15:22, 27, 32. His name also appears in the interpolated vs. 34.⑧ Judas, a brother of Jesus Mt 13:55; Mk 6:3. Prob. the same man is meant by the Jude of Jd 1.—M-M. EDNT. -
44 οὕτως
οὕτως, and before a consonant [full] οὕτω (but sts. οὕτως before a consonant, Ar.Av.63, Pl.Grg. 522c, D.23.34, PPetr.2p.20 (iii B. C.), PTeb. 124.18 (ii B. C.), etc., and οὕτω before a vowel is found in [dialect] Ep. Poets and [dialect] Ion. Prose, v. fin.); in [dialect] Att. strengthd.A , etc.; οὑτωσίν Hdn.Gr.1.509.2; v. οὗτος Α:—Adv. of οὗτος, in this way or manner, so, thus: οὕτως is antec. to ὡς, Il.4.178, Od.4.148, etc.; in [dialect] Att. alsoοὕτως ὥσπερ S.Tr. 475
, etc.; ὥσπερ.., οὕτω καὶ .. X.Cyr.1.4.21; ὡσαύτως, ὥσπερ.., οὕτω καὶ .. Pl. Ion 534a; also οὕτως, ὅπως .. S.Tr. 330, X.Cyr.1.1.2; poet. also ὥστε.., οὕτω δὲ .. S.Tr. 116 (lyr.): οὕτως is freq. left out afterὡς, ὡς ἔδοξεν αὐτοῖς, καὶ ἐποίουν ταῦτα Th. 8.1
, cf. Theoc.7.45 sq.—In Prose, the relat. Pron. freq. follows instead of ὥστε, v. infr. III: when two modes are opposed, they are freq. expressed by οὕτω andἐκείνως, τότε μὲν ἐκείνως, νῦν δ' οὕτω Isoc. 12.172
;οὕτω ῥᾷον ἢ 'κείνως Pl.R. 370a
, etc.—Sts. οὕτω or - ως refers to what follows, thus, as follows, οὕτω χρὴ ποιεῖν: ἐὰν .. X.An.2.2.2;οὑτωσὶ δὲ λογίζεσθε D.18.244
; οὕτω πως ὑπείληφα ib.269; οὑτωσί πως folld. by a quotation, Pl.Ap. 28c; καὶ οὕτως even so, even on this supposition, Th.1.10;οὐδ' οὕτως Id.2.76
, 6.89, Lys.1.14, v.l. in X.An.4.8.3: strengthd.οὕτω δή Il.2.158
;οὕτω γὰρ δή τοι 15.201
; οὕτω δή τι, v. infr. III; also οὕτω που so I ween, 2.116, Od.9.262, etc.;οὕτω πῃ Il.24.373
; ὣς ὁ μὲν οὕτως ἐστὶ σόος so in this way is he saved, Od.19.300:—Phrases:1 οὕτω δὴ ἔσται so it shall be, ratifying what goes before, 11.348;ἔσσεται οὕτως 16.31
, etc.: in Prose οὕτως alone in answers, even so, just so, X.Oec.1.9; soἢ οὐχ οὕτως;—οὕτω μὲν οὖν Pl.R. 551b
, etc.2 emphat. with the imper., just, without more ado,ἔρρ' οὕτως Il.22.498
, cf. 21.184, Od. 6.218, 17.447; but, οὕτω νῦν ἀπόπεμπε as you say, 5.146.3 in wishes or prayers, so, i.e. if you grant my prayer,οὕτως ἔρως σοι.. τελεσφόρος γένοιτο E.Med. 714
;οὕτω τί σοι δοίησαν αἱ Μοῦσαι.. τοῦτον.. δεῖρον Herod.3.1
; also in protestations, so, i.e. only if what I say is true, οὕτως ὀναίμην τῶν τέκνων, μισῶ τὸν ἄνδρ' (as in Engl., so help me God, so mote I thrive, etc.) Ar.Th. 469, cf. Men.Epit. 530, Herod.7. 25, Aristaenet.2.13; οὕτω.. νομιζοίμην σοφός, ὡς .. Ar.Nu. 520.4 in colloquial phrase, beginning a story, οὕτω ποτ' ἦν μῦς καὶ γαλῆ there were once on a time.., Id.V. 1182;οὕτως ἦν νεανίσκος Id.Lys. 785
;ἦν οὕτω δὴ παῖς Pl.Phdr. 237b
.5 οὕτω with gen., τούτων μὲν οὕτω so much for this, A.Ag. 950; οὕτω καὶ τῶν οἰκονομικῶν (v.l. τῷ -κῷ) so also of.., Arist.Pol. 1253b27; ὥσπερ Χαλκὶς.. τῆς Εὐβοίας.. κεῖται, οὕτω Χερρονήσου.. ἡ Καρδιανῶν πόλις as Chalcis in respect of Euboea.., so Cardia in respect of the Chersonese, D.23.182; so οὕτως ἔχω τινός or περί τινος, v. ἔχω (A) B. II. 2; also forεἰς τοῦτο, οὕτω δὲ τάρβους.. ἀφικόμην E.Ph. 361
codd. (dub. l.).6 ὁ οὕτω καλούμενος, ὀνομαζόμενος, the so-called..,τῶν Ῥιπαίων οὕτω καλουμένων Ael.NA11.1
;τοῦ καὶ ὀνομασθέντος οὕτω ῥήτορος Hermog.Id.2.11
; Ποταμὸς δῆμος οὕτω καλούμενος P., a deme of that name, Str.9.1.22.7 οὕτω, or οὕτω δή, freq. introduces the apodosis after a protasis,ἐπειδὴ περιελήλυθε ὁ πόλεμος.., οὕτω δὴ Γέλωνος μνῆστις γέγονε Hdt.7.158
, cf. 150, Th.1.131, 2.12,19, etc.; esp. after parts., ἐν κλιβάνῳ πνίξαντες, οὕτω τρώγουσι, i.e. ἐπειδὰν πνίξωσιν, οὕτω .., Hdt. 2.92, cf. 100; alsoοὕτω δή Id.7.174
;τὰ ἄλλα καταστρεψάμενος, οὕτως.. στρατεῦσαι ὕστερον Th.3.96
;εἰς τὰ σκληρότατα ἀποβλέποντες, οὕτως ἂν μᾶλλον συννοήσαιμεν Pl.Phlb. 44e
, cf. Grg. 457d, 507e, Ap. 29b; soἔπειτα οὕτως X.An.7.1.4
: so also after the gen. abs.,ὡς.. τῶν ἡγεμόνων ὑμῖν μὴ μεμπτῶν γεγενημένων, οὕτω τὴν γνώμην ἔχετε Th.7.15
, cf. X.Cyr.1.6.11, An.1.3.6, etc.III to such an extent, so, so much, so very, so excessively,καλὸς οὕτω Il.3.169
; πρυμνόθεν οὕτως so entirely, A.Th. 1061 (anap.), cf. Th. 2.47, X.Cyr.1.3.8;οὕτως τι Ar.Av.63
: freq. folld. by ὡς or ὥστε, Hdt.1.32, X.An.7.4.3, etc.: sts. the relat. ὅς takes the place of ὥστε, κρήνη οὕτω δή τι ἐοῦσα πικρή, ἣ.. κιρνᾷ (i. e. ὥστε κιρνᾶν) Hdt.4.52; ; τίς δ' οὕτως ἄνους ὃς .. ; Ar. Ach. 736, cf. D.8.44; also δυσχείμερος αὕτη ἡ.. χώρη οὕτω δή τί ἐστι, ἔνθα (i. e. ὥστε ἐνταῦθα)τοὺς μὲν ὀκτὼ τῶν μηνῶν ἀφόρητος οἷος γίνεται κρυμός Hdt.4.28
: sts. no connecting Particle is used, αἱ [κεφαλαὶ] οὕτω δή τι ἰσχυραί, μόγις ἂν λίθῳ παίσας διαρρήξειας so excessively hard, you could scarcely break them, Id.3.12.2 with [comp] Sup. Adj., .IV sts., like αὔτως, with a diminishing power, so, merely so, simply, in Hom. always μὰψ οὕτω, Il.2.120 (for without μάψ he always uses αὔτως), cf. Hdt.1.5;μὴ διὰ μέθης.. ἀλλ' οὕτω πίνοντας πρὸς ἡδονήν Pl.Smp. 176e
, cf. Grg. 494e, Phdr. 235c, Tht. 147c, 158b, Thphr.Od.67, etc.; , cf. 1.20; τοὺς ὀδόντας.. οὕτως ἂν τοῖς δακτύλοις αὐτοῖς.. παρατρίβειν, i.e. without a dentifrice, Diocl. Fr.141; soοὕτω γε ἀπὸ στόματος Pl.Tht. 142d
; ;οὕτω πως D.1.20
; also, off-hand, at once, Pl.Grg. 464b, etc.;ἁπλῶς οὕτως Id.Lg. 633c
; ; so, without a word more.. ?S.
Ph. 1067; ;Id.
Ant. 315, cf. E.Heracl. 374 (lyr.);ἐφεξῆς οὑτωσὶ καθεζόμενος D.21.119
; ὡς οὕτω γ' ἀκοῦσαι at first hearing, Pl.Euthphr.3b; soὥς γε οὑτωσὶ ἀκοῦσαι Id.Ly. 216a
;ἀκούειν μὲν οὕτως ἁπλῶς Id.Phlb. 12c
; οὐ.. οὕτως ἄπει, = impune, E.Alc. 680.V as Hebraism, οὕτως, = such a person (thing),οὕτως οὐδέποτε εἴδαμεν Ev.Marc.2.12
, cf. LXXGe.29.26, Ev.Matt.9.33, Ev.Luc.2.48, al.B Position of οὕτω or οὕτως, mostly before the word which it limits, but in Poets sts. after,καλὸς οὕτω Il.3.169
;οὐδέ τι λίην οὕτω νώνυμός ἐστιν Od.13.239
; ἔρημος οὕτω, ἄγαν οὕτω, S.Ph. 487, 598: rarely at the end of a clause, Od.18.255, Hdt.7.170 (dub. l.): sts. separated from the word which it limits, ;S.
Ph. 104;οὕτως ἐπὶ δεινὰς ἁρπαγάς Pl.R. 391d
, cf. Th.2.11; οὕτω δ' ἦν ὁ Φίλιππος ἐν φόβῳ.., ὥστε .. D.18.33.C Prosody. The last syll. of οὕτω is short before a vowel in Il.3.169, Od.3.315. The ι of οὑτωσί is always long, v. οὗτος init. -
45 τελέω
Aτελέοντες Od.3.262
, cf. 4.776, al.,τελείει 6.234
, 23.161): [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.τέλεον Il.23.373
, 768;ἐτέλειον 9.456
, 15.593; [dialect] Ion. , Fr. 434;τελέεσκον Q.S.8.213
: [tense] fut.τελέσω Pi.N.4.43
, X.Cyr.8.6.3, ([etym.] δια-) Pl.R. 425e codd., D.21.66 codd. (- τελῶ Cobet in both places), PAvrom.2A9 (i B.C.); [dialect] Ep. also τελέω, Il.8.415, 12.59, Od.2.256, etc.; [dialect] Att. , Ar.Ra. 173, Pl.Prt. 311b: [tense] aor. ([etym.] ἐ)τέλεσα Od.5.390
; [dialect] Ep. τέλεσσα andἐτέλεσσα Il.246
, Il.12.222, 23.543, 559, al. (inf.τελέσσαι Pi.P.3.9
); [dialect] Att.ἐτέλεσα Th.4.78
, etc.: [tense] pf. , ([etym.] δια-) D.18.203:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. (v. infr.): [tense] aor.ἐτελεσάμην Id.38.18
, etc.; [tense] pf.τετέλεσμαι Inscr.Prien.11.34
(iii B.C.):—[voice] Pass., [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.ἐτελείετο Il.1.5
: [tense] fut.τελεσθήσομαι Thphr.Char.16.12
; [tense] fut. [voice] Med. in this sense, , Ag.68 (anap.), etc.,τελέεσθαι Il.2.36
,τελεῖσθαι Od.23.284
; part.τελεόμενος Hdt.1.206
,τελεύμενος Id.3.134
: [tense] aor.ἐτελέσθην Od.4.663
, etc.; [dialect] Aeol. inf.τελέσθην Sapph. Supp.1.4
: [tense] pf.τετέλεσμαι Il.18.74
, etc.: [tense] plpf.τετέλεστο 19.242
: Cret. [tense] pf. part.τετελημένος GDI4963
; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl. [tense] pf. τετέληνται dub. in SIG 1024.22 (Myconus, iii/ii B.C.): ([etym.] τέλος):—fulfil, accomplish, execute, perform, freq. in Poets from Hom. downwds., less freq. in Prose (except in signfs. 11 and 111);τελέσαι ἔργον τε ἔπος τε Od.2.272
, cf. Il.1.108, 523, etc.;τ. φιλοτήσια ἔργα Od.11.246
; μ' ἔφαντο ἄξειν εἰς Ἰθάκην, οὐδ' ἐτέλεσσαν but did it not, 13.212;τ. ἀέθλους 3.262
;πόνον 23.250
;πύματον δρόμον Il.23.373
;ὁδόν Od.2.256
, Mimn. 11; sts. withoutὁδόν, ἄτερ καμάτοιο τέλεσσαν ἤματι τῷ αὐτῷ καὶ ἀπήνυσαν οἴκαδ' ὀπίσσω Od.7.325
;ὁδῷ δὲ τὰ ξυντομώτατα ἐξ Ἀβδήρων ἐς Ἴστρον ἀνὴρ εὔζωνος ἑνδεκαταῖος τελεῖ Th.2.97
; ταύτῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐςΦάρσαλον ἐτέλεσε Id.4.78
; κίνδυνον τελέσσαι perform a dangerous feat, Epich.99; ;δίδυμα κακά A.Th. 782
(lyr.);προστάγματα Pl.Lg. 926a
, cf. d:—[voice] Pass., Hdt.1.206; καὶ εἰ τετελεσμένον ἐστί, = τελεῖσθαι δύναται, Od.5.90, Il.14.196;τετέλεστο δὲ ἔργον 7.465
; αὐτίκ' ἔπειθ' ἅμα μῦθος ἔην, τετέλεστο δὲ ἔργον 'no sooner said than done', 19.242;ἐάνπερ ἐπὶ λόγῳ ἔργα τελῆται Pl. R. 389d
, cf. Plt. 288c;γραφὴ τῶν τετελεσμένων ἔργων PPetr.3p.340
(iii B.C.);τετέλεσται Ev.Jo.19.30
(cf. 28).2 fulfil one's word, τ. ἔπος, μῦθον, ὑπόσχεσιν, Il.14.44, Od.4.776, 10.483;τελέω τὰ πάροιθεν ὑπέστην Il.23.20
; τελέσαι κότον, χόλον, glut one's fury, wrath, 1.82, 4.178: also, grant one the fulfilment or accomplishment of anything, τ. νόον τινί fulfil his wish, 23.149, cf. Od.22.51;τ. ἐέλδωρ Hes.Sc.36
; (lyr.); κατάρας ib. 724 (lyr.); rarely c. inf., οὐδ' ἐτέλεσσε φέρων δόμεναι he succeeded not in.., Il.12.222 (cf.ἀνύω 1.6
):—[voice] Pass., to be fulfilled, 2.36, 330, al.: esp. [tense] pf. part., [μῦθος] τετελεσμένος ἐστί Il.1.388
, cf.h.Ven.26; elsewh. in Hom. only neut.,τὸ δὲ καὶ τετελεσμένον ἔσται Il.1.212
, cf. 8.286, al.:—[voice] Med., τελέσασθαι δίκην bring a suit to issue, D.38.18, cf. 39.18 ([voice] Pass.).3 grant in full, work out,ἀγαθόν τινι, ὅ τι φρεσὶν ᾗσι μενοινᾷ Od.2.34
;νόστον 15.112
; ;τ. λυγρά 18.134
;γῆρας ἄρειον 23.286
;κακὰ κήδεα τ. τινί Il.18.8
, cf. Od.4.699, 18.389, S. Ant.3; θεῶν τελεσάντων (sc. αὐτό) Pi.P.10.49;εὖ τελεῖ θεός A. Th. 35
.4 ὅρκια τελεῖν make an oath effective, Il.7.69: later, execute a legal document, δημόσιος χρηματισμὸς τετελεσμένος δι' ἐπιτηρητῶν ἀγορανομίας Mitteis Chr.200.10 (iii A.D.), cf. POxy.290.22 (i A.D.), etc.5 bring to fulfilment or perfection,ἀρετὰν.. πεπρωμέναν τελέσει Pi.N.4.43
; τ. τινά bless him with perfect happiness, Id.I.6(5).46 (dub.); soτετελεσμένον ἐσλόν Id.N.9.6
;τελεσθεὶς ὄλβος A.Ag. 751
(lyr.): also, bring a child to maturity, bring it to the birth, E.Ba. 100 (lyr.).b with an Adj. added, ἅπαντας ἡ παίδευσις ἡμέρους τελεῖ makes perfectly gentle, Men.Mon.41.6 bring to an end, finish, end, Lyr.Alex. Adesp.21.2
.7 of Time,ὅτε δὴ τρίτον ἦμαρ.. τέλεσ' Ἠώς Od.5.390
; βίον τ. Simon.36, S.Ant. 1114; πολλοὺς τρόχους ἡλίου ib. 1065;τελευτὴν τοῦ βίου Id.Tr.79
; also τ. νοῦσον come to the end of it, Hes. Th. 799:—[voice] Pass.,περὶ δ' ἤματα μακρὰ τελέσθη Od.10.470
, cf. Hes. Th.59; τετελεσμένον εἰς ἐνιαυτόν ib. 795; ἐν τοῖς ἔτεσι τοῖς δὶς ἑπτὰ τετελ. Arist.HA 581a14, cf. Metaph. 994a26; of men, come to one's end,οἴμοι.. δεσπότου τελουμένου A.Ch. 875
(s. v.l.).8 sts. intr., like the [voice] Pass., come to an end, be fulfilled, turn out, οὐ γὰρ οἶδ' ὅπῃ τελεῖ ib. 1021, cf. Pers. 225 (troch.), S.El. 1417 (lyr.): later = τελέθω, to be,φύσει τελῶν μνησίκακος Tz.H.2.83
, al.II pay what one owes, what is due,λιπαρὰς τελέουσι θέμιστας Il.9.156
, 298 (unless this means ' will administer good laws'); νῆας.. αἵ κεν τελέοιεν ἕκαστα ἄστε' ἐπ' ἀνθρώπων ἱκνεύμεναι bring supplies of everything, Od. 9.127: generally, pay, present, δῶρα, δωτίνην, Il.9.598, Od.11.352;μισθόν Il.21.457
, Eup.4; ;ἀργύριον.. μισθόν Id.Prt. 311d
;δύο δραχμὰς μισθόν Ar.Ra. 173
: metaph.,τ. ὕμνον Pi.P. 1.79
, 2.13; τ. ψυχὰν Ἀΐδᾳ, i.e. die, Id.I.1.68.b esp. pay tax, duty, toll,φόρον Pl.Alc.1.123a
;τὰ τέλη Cratin.Jun.9.5
, Arist.Ath. 55.3, cf. Pl.Lg. 847b; τ. μετοίκιον pay the tax of a μέτοικος, ib. 850b;ἱππάδα Is.7.39
;θητικόν Arist.Ath.7.4
, Lex ap. D.43.54;ξενικά D.57.34
;συντάξεις Aeschin.3.91
; freq. in Papyri,οἱ τελοῦντες τὰ καθήκοντα εἰς τὸ βασιλικόν PTeb.5.174
(ii B.C.), etc.; τ. σῖτον pay one's contribution of corn, X.HG5.3.21: abs., pay tax, IG12.1.2,3, Hdt.2.109:—[voice] Pass., of money, etc., to be paid, Id.9.93; of persons, to be in receipt of rent,χώραν ἀτέλεστον ἔχουσιν αὐτοὶ τετελεσμένοι D. Prooem.55
.2 lay out, spend,χρήματα μεγάλα Hdt.3.137
, Pl. Ap. 20a, cf. X.Cyr.8.1.13:—[voice] Pass., to be spent or expended, Hdt.2.125; ἐς τὸ δεῖπνον τετρακόσια τάλαντα τετελεσμένα laid out upon the dinner, Id.7.118; ἕνδεκα μυριάδας μεδίμνων τελεομένας ἐπ' ἡμέρῃ ἑκάστῃ ib. 187, cf. Pl.Lg. 955e.3 since, in many Greek cities, the citizens were distributed into classes acc. to their taxable property, τ. εἴς τινας meant to belong to a class, to be reckoned among, τ. ἐς Ἕλληνας, ἐς Βοιωτούς, belong to the Greeks, the Boeotians, Hdt.2.51, 6.108; εἰς ἀστοὺς τ. become a citizen, S.OT 222; εἰς ἄνδρας τ. come to man's estate, Pl.Lg. 923e; εἰς γυναῖκας ἐξ ἀνδρὸς τ. become a woman instead of a man, E.Ba. 822; ἕκαστος ἡμῶν ὑπό τινα τελεῖ δαίμονα ὃς πάσης ἡμῶν τῆς ζωῆς ἐπάρχει belongs.., Herm. in Phdr.p.93 A.4 from the last sense perh. may be expld. the phrase, κοῖός τις δοκέοι ἀνὴρ εἶναι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα τελέσαι to compare with his father, Hdt.3.34 ( τελέσαι om. cod. E, secl. Hude).III initiate in the mysteries, τινα Pl.Euthd. 277d; ; τυμπανίζειν καὶ τ. Plu.2.60a;τ. τῷ Διονύσῳ Milet.6.23
:—[voice] Pass., to have oneself initiated, Ar.Nu. 258;τετελεσμένος Pl.Phd. 69c
, Berl.Sitzb.1927.169 ([place name] Cyrene), etc.;ἐτέλεις, ἐγὼ δ' ἐτελούμην D.18.265
; Διονύσῳ τελεσθῆναι to be consecrated to Dionysus, initiated in his mysteries, Hdt.4.79; , cf. X.Smp.1.10: c. acc.,Βακχεῖ' ἐτελέσθη Ar.Ra. 357
(anap.);τελέους τελετὰς τελούμενος Pl.Phdr. 249c
, cf. 250b; alsoτ. μεγάλοισι τέλεσι Id.R. 560e
.b in Magic, endow a thing with potency, consecrate it, PMag.Par.1.1744, PMag.Lond.46.242, 121.590, Sch.Ar.Pl. 884.2 metaph., τελεσθῆναι στρατηγός to be formally appointed general, D. 13.19; τετελεσμένος σωφροσύνῃ a votary of temperance, X.Oec.21.12.3 also of sacred rites, perform, , cf. IT 464 (anap.);θυσίαν τοῖς θεοῖς D.S.4.34
, cf. Plu.Thes.16;ὄργια IG14.1183
([place name] Rome), Paus.4.14.1; γάμον, γάμους, Call.Ap.14, Lyc. 1387:— [voice] Pass., Pl.Lg. 775a.4 [voice] Pass., of women, to be married, GDI3721.5,9 ([place name] Cos). -
46 φθίω
φθίω, ἔφθιον, each once in Hom. (v. infr. 1.2), the common [tense] pres. being [full] φθίνω, Od.5.161, al. (also [full] φθινύθω, q. v.): [tense] impf.Aἔφθῐνον Hdt.3.29
, Pl.Ti. 77a: [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. φθ (ε) ίσω, e)/fq (e) ισα and ἔφθῐσα (v. infr. 11): [tense] pf. ἔφθῐκα v. l. in Dsc.Praef.6 (cf. φθινάω), ([etym.] ἀπ-) Them.Or.28.341d:—[voice] Med. and [voice] Pass. (in same sense), [tense] fut. φθίσομαι (leg. φθείσομαι, in view of φθείσω, v. infr. 11) Il.11.821 ( φθειται PGen. (ii B. C.)), 19.329, 24.86 (v.l.), Od.13.384: [tense] aor. 1 φθίσασθαι ([etym.] ἀπο-) Q.S. 14.545: [ per.] 3pl. [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. ἔφθῐθεν, v. ἀποφθίνω: [tense] aor. 2ἐφθίμην, ἔφθῐσο A.Th. 971
(lyr.);ἔφθῐτο Il.18.100
, Thgn.1141 (nisi leg. ἔφθιται), A.Eu. 458, S.OT 962, E.Alc. 414 (lyr.); [ per.] 3pl.ἐφθίατο Il.1.251
; imper. [ per.] 3sg. φθίσθω ([etym.] ἀπο-) 8.429; [dialect] Ep. subj.φθίεται 20.173
,φθιόμεσθα 14.87
; opt. φθίμην ([etym.] ἀπο-) Od.10.51, φθῖτο ([etym.] φθῖτ') 11.330 (the v.l. φθεῖτ' is incorrect); inf.φθίσθαι Il.9.246
, 13.667, Od.14.117, 15.354, ([etym.] κατα-) 2.183 (always with incorrect v. l. φθεῖσθαι); part. φθίμενος, v. infr. 1.2: rare in [tense] pf.,ἔφθιται Od.20.340
, [ per.] 3pl.ἐξ-έφθινται A.Pers. 679
(lyr.). [Hom. has [pron. full] ῑ in φθίῃς (infr.1.2), [pron. full] ῐ in ἔφθιεν (infr.), φθιόμεσθα, φθίεται: [pron. full] ῑ always in [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. φθίσω, φθίσομαι, ἔφθισα (sed v. infr. 11), cf. φθῑσήνωρ, φθῑσίμβροτος (qq. v.): [pron. full] ῐ always in [tense] aor. and [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. (v. supr.), exc. in opt. (v. supr.):—Hom. also uses [pron. full] ῑ in φθίνω (prob. fr. Φθῐ-νϝω, cf. φθίνυθω ) whereas [pron. full] ῐ always in φθῐνω in Pi. and Trag., who use [pron. full] ῐ even in ἔφθισα, v. infr. 11.] (Cf. ψίνω, ψινάς, ψίσις: φθῐ- and ψῐ- correspond to Skt. k[snull ]i-, [tense] pres. k[snull ]iṇā´ti, k[snull ]iṇóti, 'he destroys', [voice] Pass. K[snull ][imacracute]yante 'they perish', ák[snull ]itas ( = ἄφθιτος) 'imperishable', [tense] fut. stem k[snull ]e[snull ]ya- ( = φθεισο-), [tense] aor. stem k[snull ]e[snull ]- (= φθεις-).)I decay, wane, of Time, πρίν κεν νὺξ φθῖτο (opt. [tense] aor. ) first would the night be come to an end, Od.11.330:τῆς νῦν φθιμένης νυκτός S.Aj. 141
(anap.); in this sense mostly in [tense] pres. φθίνω, φθίνουσιν νύκτες τε καὶ ἤματα they wane or pass away, Od.11.183, etc.; μηδέ τοι αἰὼν φθινέτω let not thy life be wasted, 5.161: esp.b of the moon, wane, [σελήνη] αὐξανομένη καὶ φθίνουσα Arist.Cael. 291b20
; hence, in monthly reckoning, μηνῶν φθινόντων in the moon's wane, i.e. towards the month's end, 10.470, etc.; later, μὴν φθίνων, the last decad, IG12.298.17, 328.13, Th.5.54, etc.; opp. ἱστάμενος (ἵστημι B. 111.4
), μεσῶν, but in Hom., the second half of the month ([etym.] τοῦ μὲν φθίνοντος μηνός, τοῦ δ' ἱσταμένοιο), Od.14.162, 19.307.c of the stars, decline, set, A.Ag.7 (prob. interpol.).2 of persons, waste away, pine, perish,ὥς κε δόλῳ φθίῃς Od.2.368
(perh. [tense] aor. subj. with [pron. full] ῑ metri grat.); ἤτοι ὁ τῆς ἀχέων φρένας ἔφθιεν was wasting away in mind, Il.18.446 (perh. trans., causing his heart to pine; prob. [tense] impf., but possibly [tense] aor.);φθίνει καὶ μαραίνεται νόσῳ E.Alc. 203
; ; οἱ φθίνοντες consumptive people, Hp.Aph.3.10, cf. Epid.1.24.b of life, strength, etc.,οὐ φθίνει ἀρετά Pi.P.1.94
;φθίνει μὲν ἰσχὺς γῆς φ. δὲ σώματος S.OC 610
, cf. OT 665 (lyr.);ὕβρις.. ἀνθεῖ τε καὶ πάλιν φ. Id.Fr. 786
;ἥβην τὴν μὲν ἕρπουσαν πρόσω, τὴν δὲ φθίνουσαν Id.Tr. 548
;τοῖς μὲν αὔξεται βίος, τῶν δὲ φθίνει E.Fr.415.5
, cf. Pl.Phd. 71b, Ti. 81b, etc.; c. dat. modi,πόλις φθίνουσα μὲν κάλυξιν.., φθίνουσα δ' ἀγέλαις S.OT25
; of things, fade away, disappear,ἐδεστὸν ἐξ αὑτοῦ φ. καὶ ψῇ Id.Tr. 677
;τὸ σῶμα φθίνει Hp.Loc.Hom.24
; metaph., (lyr.), cf. Ant. 1013:—[voice] Pass.,αὐτὸς φθίεται Il.20.173
, cf. 14.87; more freq. in [tense] fut. and [tense] aor., ἤδη φθ<ε> ίσονται 11.821, cf. 19.329, Od.13.384;τηλόθι πάτρης ἔφθιτο Il.18.100
; ;νούσῳ ὑπ' ἀργαλέῃ φθίσθαι 13.667
; ; πρὸς φίλου ἔφθισο wast slain by.., A.Th. 971 (lyr.), cf. E.Med. 1414 (anap.): freq. in part. φθίμενος, slain, dead, Od.11.558, al.;χερσὶν ὑπ' Ἀργείων φθίμενος Il.8.359
;ἐν πολέμῳ φθίμενον IG12
. 976; φθίμενοι the dead,φθιμένοισι μετείην Od.24.436
; πενθήσει βασιλῆ φ. Orac. ap. Hdt.7.220, cf. Euph.21;φθιμένων ζῳῶν τε φωτῶν Pi.I. 4(3).10(28)
, cf. B.5.83;φθιμένοισιν A.Th. 732
(lyr.); , cf. Ant. 836 (anap.);μηδέτιν' εἰπεῖν.. φθιμένων E.Hec. 137
(anap.): less freq. c. Art. (cf. φθιτός), τὸν φθίμενον A.Th. 336
(lyr., codd.);τῶν φ. Id.Ag. 1023
(lyr.);τῶν πρότερον φ. Id.Ch. 403
(anap.); φ. δέμας, σῶμα, mortal, IG9(1).882.9,12 (Corc.); Φθιμένη Perishing, personified as a goddess,Φυσώ τε Φ. τε Emp. 123.1
: rare in Prose,τοῖς φθιμένοις X.Cyr.8.7.18
.II Causal, in [tense] fut. φθ (ε) ίσω, [tense] aor. 1 ἔφθ (ε) ισα (usu. written φθίσω, ἔφθισα in codd., but correctly φθεισαν (Od.20.67 ) in PHib.1.23 (iii B. C.), φθείσει (Il.6.407) in cod. A and Et.Gen.cod.B (Miller Mélanges 300)), cause to decay or pine away, consume, destroy,φθ (ε) ίσει σε τὸ σὸν μένος Il.6.407
; τὸν Πάτροκλος ἔμελλε φθ (ε) ίσειν 16.461, cf. 22.61; ; ; τόν ἔθελον φθ (ε) ῖσαι ib. 428;τοκῆας.. φθ (ε) ῖσαν θεοί 20.67
: rare in Trag. (only lyr., and in the form ἔφθῐσα), Μοίρας φθίσας A.Eu. 173
;τὸν.. ὑπὸ σῷ φθίσον κεραυνῷ S.OT 202
; ap. D.L.8.23; νῦν σε μοῖρα.. φθίνει, φθίνει dub. in S.El. 1414 (lyr., fort. σοι). -
47 πάλαι
Grammatical information: Adv.Meaning: `of old, formerly, long ago, bygone, earlier' (Il.; supposition on the development of the meaning in Treu Von Hom. zur Lyrik 127).Compounds: Compp., e.g. παλαι-γενής `born long ago, highly aged' (Il.). ἔκ-παλαι `long since, long ago' (hell.).Derivatives: παλαιός `old, ancient, former' (Il.) with παλαι-ότης f. `age, ancientness' (Att.), - όομαι, - όω `to grow old, to make age, to declare archaic' (Hp., Pl., Arist.); from it παλαί-ωσις f. `aging' (Hp., LXX, Str.), - ώματα pl. `antiquity' (LXX). Comp. forms παλαί-τερος, - τατος (Pi.), also παλαιό-τερος (Ψ 788 [metr. condit.] etc.; Schwyzer 534 w. n.6), - τατος (Pl.).Etymology: Formation (except for the accent) like χαμαί, παραί; so prop. a frozen case-form (dat.?, s. Schwyzer 548 w. lit.). Ablauting τῆλε `far away, far' (s. v.), Boeot πήλυι `id.'; the spatial meaning is evidently the older one. Skt. caramá- `the utmost, the last', which has been connected with it, forms a connection with τέλος `end, goal'; so πάλαι orig. `at the end' (prop. `at the turning point of the career'), `in the distance', `in remote time(s)'. It is unnecessary to assume a separate * kʷel- `far away' (WP. 1, 517, Pok. 640). The Mycenaean form presents difficulties for a labio-velar. -- Cf. πάλιν and πέλομαι. - The - α- has not yet been explained; one might think of *kʷl̥h₂-ei.Page in Frisk: 2,465Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πάλαι
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48 πειρασμός
πειρασμός, οῦ, ὁ (πειράζω; in extra-Biblical usage only Diosc., Mat. Med. Praef. 5; Cyranides; Syntipas [s. 2b].—LXX; TestJos 2:7).① an attempt to learn the nature or character of someth., test, trial (Sir 6:7; 27:5, 7) πρὸς πειρασμόν to test you 1 Pt 4:12. διὰπειρασμόν τινα because you are being tried in some way Hm 9:7. Perh. Js 1:2 and 1 Pt 1:6 belong here (cp. Pind., O. 4, 22 διά πειρά τοι βροτῶν ἔλεγχο=trial is the test of mortals; sim. N. 3, 70f). Here also belongs the testing (s. πειράζω 2c) of God by humans (cp. Dt 6:16; 9:22) Hb 3:8 where vs. 9 shows that it is God who is being tested, and not the Israelites (Ps 94:8f).② an attempt to make one do someth. wrong, temptation, enticement to sin.ⓐ act. tempting συντελέσας πάντα πειρασμὸν ὁ διάβολος when the devil had exhausted every way of tempting Lk 4:13.ⓑ pass. being tempted Js 1:12. Temptation, fr. without or fr. within, that can be an occasion of sin to a person (Sir 33:1; 44:20; 1 Macc 2:52; Orig., C. Cels. 8, 56, 9) μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πειρασμόν Mt 6:13; Lk 11:4 (s. bibliog. in The Lord’s Prayer and Other Prayer Texts fr. the Gr-Roman Era, ed. JCharlesworth ’94, 186–201); D 8:2; cp. Pol 7:2.—KKnoke, Der ursprüngl. Sinn der sechsten Bitte: NKZ 18, 1907, 200–220; AHarnack, Zur sechsten Bitte des Vaterunsers: SBBerlAk 1907, 942–47; AKleber, CBQ 3, ’41, 317–20; GVerity, ET 58, ’46/47, 221f; FGrant, Introd. to NT Thought, ’50, 208.—μέγα ἐπίκειται π. a great temptation is before me AcPl Ha 8, 22=Ox 1602, 31 as corrected HTR 31 ’38, 58 n. 2, ln. 10=BMM recto 28.—(εἰς)έρχεσθαι εἰς πειρασμόν (Did., Gen. 225, 8) Mt 26:41; Mk 14:38 (Unknown Sayings, tr. Fuller ’57, p. 59 n. 1 and s. the agraphon fr. Tertullian, pp. 57–59); Lk 22:40 (HBate, JTS 36, ’35, 76f), 46. ἐμπίπτειν εἰς πειρασμόν 1 Ti 6:9. ἐν καιρῷ πειρασμοῦ in a time of temptation Lk 8:13. ἡ ὥρα τοῦ π. Rv 3:10. ἐκ πειρασμοῦ ῥύεσθαι 2 Pt 2:9. Cp. also Ac 15:26 v.l.; 1 Cor 10:13ab; 2 Cl 18:2.—Also in the pl. temptations (Cyranides p. 40, 24 πειρασμοὶ ἐν γῇ κ. θαλάσσῃ; Syntipas p. 124, 18; TestJos 2:7) Lk 22:28. μετὰ ταπεινοφροσύνης καὶ δακρύων καὶ πειρασμῶν Ac 20:19. ἐν ποικίλοις πειρασμοῖς 1 Pt 1:6; cp. Js 1:2 ( trial is also prob. in the last two passages, s. 1 above).—2 Pt 2:9 v.l.—On the difficult saying τὸν πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ σαρκί μου οὐκ ἐξουθενήσατε Gal 4:14 s. on ἐξουθενέω 1 and 2 and s. JdeZwaan, ZNW 10, 1909, 246–50.—HKorn, ΠΕΙΡΑΣΜΟΣ. Die Versuchg. des Gläubigen in der griech. Bibel, ’37; MAndrews, Peirasmos, A Study in Form-Criticism, ATR 24, ’42, 229–44; KKuhn, πειρασμός im NT, ZTK 49, ’52, 200–222, New Light on Temptation, etc., in The Scrolls and the NT, ed. Stendahl, ’57, 94–113.—M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
49 ἀνομία
ἀνομία, ας, ἡ (Eur., Hdt., Pre-Socr. et al.; pap, LXX, pseudepigr., Philo; Jos., Bell. 1, 493, Ant. 15, 348; Ar. 11, 7; Just., D. 14, 1; 18, 2; 24, 3; Ath., R. 71, 6; Mel., P. 68, 486; Orig., C. Cels. 6, 44, 31; Did., Gen. 44, 17)① state or condition of being disposed to what is lawless, lawlessness, opp. δικαιοσύνη (Hdt. 1, 96; X., Mem. 1, 2, 24 ἀνομίᾳ μᾶλλον ἢ δικαιοσύνῃ χρώμενοι) Ro 6:19a; 2 Cor 6:14; Dg 9:5; Hm 4, 1, 3; w. ὑπόκρισις Mt 23:28; oft. (as Ps 58:3) w. ἁμαρτία, w. which it is identified 1J 3:4: cp. 1 Cl 8:3; 18:3 (Ps 50:4; 30:19; 102:10); Hs 7:2. ἔργα τῆς ἀ. lawless deeds, which originate in a lawless frame of mind B 4:1; Hs 8, 10, 3. υἱοὶ τῆς ἀ. lawless pers., those who despise the law (cp. Ps 88:23) Hv 3, 6, 1; ApcPt 1:3; διὰ τὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἀ. AcPl Ha 2, 27. ἀ. characterizes this aeon as Satan’s domain, ending of Mk in the Freer ms. 2. ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀ. (v.l. ἁμαρτίας) of the Lawless One 2 Th 2:3 (regarded as transl. of Beliar by Bousset, D. Antichr. 1895, 86; s. also Ps 93:20 θρόνος ἀνομίας and cp. 1QH 5:36; but see BRigaux, Les Épîtres aux Thess. ’56, 656–67). μυστήριον τῆς ἀ. the secret of lawlessness, secret because (and as long as) the Antichrist has not made his appearance vs. 7 (cp. Genesis Apocryphon col. I, 2; JFitzmyer, Essays on the Semitic Background of the NT ’71, 103f, n. 9); on the ἀ. in the last days Mt 24:12; D 16:4. μέθυσμα ἀνομίας wanton drunkenness Hm 8:3. ἡ τῆς πλάνης ἀ. lawless deceit B 14:5. ὁ καιρὸς ὁ νῦν τῆς ἀ. the present time, when lawlessness reigns 18:2; cp. 15:7 (cp. TestDan 6:6). Of God μισεῖν ἀ. (Ps 44:8) Hb 1:9 (v.l. ἀδικίαν).② the product of a lawless disposition, a lawless deed Ro 6:19b. λυτρώσασθαι ἀπὸ πάσης ἀ. (Ps 129:8) redeem fr. all lawlessness, i.e. l. deeds Tit 2:14. ἐργάζεσθαι ἀ. (oft. LXX) Mt 7:23; Hm 10, 3, 2; ἐργάτης ἀ. 2 Cl 4:5; ἀ. ποιεῖν (Hos 6:9; Is 5:7 al.; TestDan 3:2; TestGad 2:5 v.l.; cp. πράττειν ἀ. Ar. 11, 7) Mt 13:41; 1J 3:4; 1 Cl 16:10 (Is 53:9); more specif. ἐν στόματι commit sin with the mouth B 10:8; λαλεῖν ἀ. κατά τινός 1 Cl 15:5 (Ps 34:19); ἁρπάζειν ἐν ἀ. seize lawlessly 10:4. Of Salome woe is me for my sin and unbelief! GJs 20:1 (not pap). Pl. lawless deeds, trangressions (POxy 1121, 20; Herm. Wr. 1, 23; oft. LXX; Just., D. 18, 2) Ro 4:7 (Ps 31:1); Hb 8:12 v.l.; 10:17; 1 Cl 16:5, 9 (Is 53:8); 18:5, 9 (Ps 50:7, 11); 50:6 (Ps 31:1); 60:1; B 5:2 (Is 53:5); Hv 2, 2, 2; 3, 6, 4; Hs 5, 5, 3. (In ms. tradition ἀ. is oft. interchanged w. synonyms; so Hb 1:9 [ἀδικία]; 2 Th 2:3 [ἁμαρτία]; 1 Cl 35:5 as v.l. for πονηρία.)—AcPl BMM recto 26 restored fr. POxy 1602, 27 [ἀν]ομίας (for this ἐπιθυμίας AcPl Ha 8, 20), cp. AcPlCor 2:11.—Dodd 76–81. DELG s.v. νέμω. M-M. TW. -
50 ἀποκάλυψις
ἀποκάλυψις, εως, ἡ (s. ἀποκαλύπτω; Philod., Vit. [περὶ κακιῶν] p. 38 Jensen) (Plut., Cato Mai. 34 8 [20, 8], Aemil. 262 [14, 3], Mor. 70f ἀ. τῆς ἁμαρτίας; Sir 11:27; 22:22; 41:26 v.l.; TestAbr A 6 p. 83, 27 [Stone p. 14]; GrBar, ApcEsdr ins, Just.) the lit. sense ‘uncovering’ as of head (s. Philod. above) does not appear in our lit., which uses the term in transcendent associations.① making fully known, revelation, disclosureⓐ of the revelation of truth gener., w. obj. gen., Ro 16:25. πνεῦμα σοφίας κ. ἀ. Eph 1:17. φῶς εἰς ἀ. ἐθνῶν a light of revelation for gentiles Lk 2:32.ⓑ of revelations of a particular kind, through visions, etc.: w. gen. of the author ἀ. Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ Gal 1:12; Rv 1:1 (w. ὀπτασία) ἀ. κυρίου 2 Cor 12:1. κατὰ ἀποκάλυψιν because of a rev. Gal 2:2; MPol 22:3, Epil Mosq 5. κατὰ ἀ. ἐγνωρίσθη μοι τὸ μυστήριον the secret was made known to me by revelation Eph 3:3. Cp. 1 Cor 2:4 D; 14:6, 26; 2 Cor 12:7.—In the visions of Hermas the ἀ. are not only transcendent rev. for eye and ear, but also the interpretations given to such rev. The ἀ. is ὁλοτελής complete only when it is explained and understood v 3, 10, 9; 3, 13, 4a. W. ὁράματα 4, 1, 3. Cp. 3, 1, 2; 3, 3, 2; 3, 10, 6–9; 3, 12, 2; 3, 13, 4b; 5 ins.—MBuber, Ekstatische Konfessionen 1909.ⓒ of the disclosure of secrets belonging to the last days ἀ. τῆς δόξης τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 Pt 4:13. Of the parousia ἐν ἀποκαλύψει, Ἰ. Χ. 1 Pt 1:7, 13; cp. 1 Cor 1:7; 2 Th 1:7. τὴν ἀ. τ. υἱῶν τ. θεοῦ ἀπεκδέχεσθαι wait for the revealing of the children of God, i.e. for the time when they will be revealed in their glorified status Ro 8:19. ἀ. δικαιοκρισίας τ. θεοῦ 2:5.② as part of a book title Revelation (Porphyr., Vi. Plot. 16 συγγράμματα …, ἀποκαλύψεις Ζωροάστρου κ. Ζωστριανοῦ κτλ.) ἀ. Ἰωάννου Rv ins ἀ. Ἰακώβ GJs ins and subscr.—EDNT. TRE XXV 109–46. DELG s.v. καλύπτω. M-M. TW. Spicq. -
51 ὀπώρα
ὀπώρ-α, [dialect] Ion. [suff] ὀπώρ-η, ἡ: sts. [full] ὁπώρα, cf. χεῖμα χὠπώραν, i.e. καὶ ὁπ-, Alcm.76 (χειμάχωι πάραν, etc. codd.) ; pr. nn.AὉπωρίς IG5(1).1497
, Hopora CIL6.21782 ; cf. μεθόπωρον, μεθοπωρινός:— the part of the year between the rising of Sirius and of Arcturus (i.e. the last days of July, all Aug., and part of Sept.), the latter part of summer; Hom. names θέρος and ὀπώρη together,θέρος τεθαλυῖά τ' ὀπώρη Od.11.192
; Σείριος being the star of ὀπώρη, Il.22.27 ; cf. ὀπωρινός.—In later times it became the name of a definite season, autumn (v.ὥρα 1.1
c), but was still used sts. to denote summer (autumn being distd. as φθινόπωρον or μετόπωρον), ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τοῦ ἠρινοῦ χρόνου πρὸ ὀπώρας X.HG3.2.10
, cf. Ar.Av. 709, Arist.Mete. 348a1 ;ἐπ' ὀκτὼ μῆνας Κυρηναίους ὀπώρη ἐπέχει Hdt.4.199
;νέας δ' ὀπώρας ἡνίκ' ἂν ξανθῇ στάχυς A.Fr.304.7
.II fruit,γλαυκῆς ὀπώρας.. ποτοῦ χυθέντος.. Βακχίας ἀπ' ἀμπέλου S.Tr. 703
;τέμνεται βλαστουμένη καλῶς ὀ. Id.Fr.255.8
;σικυούς, βότρυς, ὀπώραν Ar.Fr.569.1
: so in Prose, X. HG2.4.25, Pl.Lg. 844d, 845c, Arist.HA 606b2, 629a2 : in this sense also in pl., Is.11.43 ; Alcm. (75 ) even calls honey κηρίνα ὀπώρα;ἐαρινὴ ὀπώρα Alciphr.Fr.6.10
.III metaph., life's summer, the time of youthful ripeness, Pi.I.2.5 ; τέρειναν ματέρ' οἰνάνθας ὀπώραν (v. οἰνάνθη) Id.N.5.6 ; ripe virginity, A.Supp. 998, 1015 ;ὀ. Κύπριδος Chaerem.12
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52 συντέλεια
συντέλεια, ας, ἡ (orig. ‘community contribution’ [the basic semantic component relates to someth. that complements someth. already present]; in various senses Pla., Demosth. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; En 106:18; TestSol; TestJob 4:6; Test12Patr; ApcEsdr 2:31 p. 26, 25 Tdf.; Aristobul., in Eus., PE 8, 10, 9[=Denis p. 219 ln. 11f; Holladay Fgm. 2, 55 p. 138]; Jos., Ant. 15, 389; 20, 262; Tat.; Ath., R. 12 p. 61, 31 ‘increment’; Theoph. Ant. 2, 31 [p. 176, 14] ‘posterity’) in our lit. only in a temporal sense: a point of time marking completion of a duration, completion, close, end (Polyb. 1, 3, 3; 1, 4, 3 al.; SIG 695, 13 [II B.C.]; POxy 1270, 42 [II A.D.] ς. τοῦ ἔτους; LXX; Iren. 1, 6, 1 [Harv. I 53, 2]) συντέλεια (τοῦ) αἰῶνος the end of the (present; αἰών 2a) age (TestBenj 11:3; TestJob 4:6) Mt 13:39f, 49; 24:3; 28:20. τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου of this age 13:40 v.l., 49 v.l. τῶν αἰώνων of the ages (TestLevi 10:2; Did., Gen. 115, 19. Cp. in gnostic speculation ς. καὶ ἐκπύρωσις τοῦ παντός Hippol., Ref. 9, 30, 8) Hb 9:26. τῶν καιρῶν (Da 9:27) Hv 3, 8, 9. τοῦ κόσμου Mt 13:49 D. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτων τῶν ἡμερῶν τῆς συντελείας in the last days of the consummation (of the age) Hs 9, 12, 3 (cp. TestZeb 9:9 καιρὸς συντελείας; ApcEsdr 2:31 τὴν ἡμέραν τῆς συντελείας; cp. ViJer 13).—DELG s.v. τέλος. M-M. TW. -
53 πανύστατος
A last of all, Il.23.532, 547, Od. 9.452, S.Tr. 874, E.Med. 1041: neut. as Adv., for the very last time, S.Aj. 858, E.Alc. 164: also pl., .Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πανύστατος
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54 ἀντέχω
ἀντέχω fut. ἀνθέξομαι; 2 aor. 3 sg. ἀντέσχε 4 Macc. 7:4 (ἀντί, ἔχω; in our lit. only in the mid., which is quotable fr. Pindar’s time, and common in the Hellenistic era [Nägeli 54]).① to have a strong attachment to someone or someth., cling to, hold fast to, be devoted to τινός (PTebt 40, 9; POxy 1230, 30; PStras 74, 18; also s. Preis.; Is 56:2, 4, 6; Jer 2:8; 1 Macc 15:34 [hold fast to]; Pr 4:6; Jer 8:2 [be devoted to]; Jos., Bell. 4, 323; Ar. [Milne 74, 7]; Tat. 27, 1) ἑνὸς ἀνθέξεται will be devoted to the one Mt 6:24; Lk 16:13 (cp. Pind., N. 1, 33 ἀντ. Ἡρακλέος). τῶν ἀγαθῶν τ. μελλόντων hold fast to the good things to come Hv 1, 1, 8. τοῦ πιστοῦ λόγου cling to the trustworthy message Tit 1:9 (cp. Ael. Aristid. 36, 112 K.=48 p. 484 D.: ἀληθείας ἀντέχεσθαι; POxy 1203, 30 al.: τῶν δικαίων ἄ.). Since the last passage concerns an eccl. superintendent, who could be expected to do more than hold fast to correct instruction, perh. mng. 2 is to be preferred.② to have strong interest in, hence help τινός someone or someth. (Diod S 2, 33, 3; 3, 71, 4; 14, 4, 5 al.; TestNapht 8:4; UPZ 170 [127/26 B.C.] A, 24=B, 23 οὐθενὸς δικαίου ἀντεχόμενοι [also s. Preis.]; Dt 32:41; Pr 3:18; Zeph 1:6; Jos., Ant. 20, 120) ἀ. τῶν ἀσθενῶν 1 Th 5:14.—M-M s.v. ἀντέχομαι. TW. -
55 παρατείνω
A- τενῶ Hsch.
: [tense] pf.- τέτᾰκα Plu.2.832f
:—stretch out along, beside, or near,χεῖρες παρατεταμέναι Hp.Fract. 13
;βραχίων παρὰ τὰς πλευρὰς παρατεταμένος Id.Art. 1
; extend, deploy,τὴν φάλαγγα X. An.7.3.48
;π. ἔλυτρον Hdt.1.185
;παρετέτατο ἡ τάφρος X.An. 1.7.15
: —[voice] Pass., extend along (v. infr. 11.1) ; to be stretched at length, laid low, Ar.Nu. 213.2. stretch on the rack, torture, Plu.2.135d: metaph., X. Cyr.1.3.11 :—[voice] Pass., to be tortured, ; to be worn out, c. part.,παρετάθη μακρὰν σδὸν πορευθείς X.Mem.3.13.6
; παρατέταμαι λιπαρὰ κάπτων I am nigh dead with eating dainties, Ar.Fr.506.1 ;γελῶντες.. ὀλίγου παρετάθησαν Pl.Euthd. 303b
;παραταθήσεται ὑπὸ σοῦ.. θαμὰ λέγοντος Id.Ly. 204c
; but πολιορκίᾳ παρατενεῖσθαι ἐς τοὔσχατον will strain themselves to the uttermost, hold out to the last, Th.3.46.3. prolong, protract,τοὺς λόγους Arist.Po. 1455b2
; μῦθον ib. 1451b38 ;ἐπὶ πλεῖον τὴν διάσκεψιν Luc.Icar.29
, cf. DMort.4.2 ;τὴν ἀκρόασιν Id.Im. 13
:—[voice] Pass., Id.Am.4, etc.;ἐνεστῶτος τοῦ παρατεινομένου A.D.Synt. 253.3
.b. delay,τὴν ἀπόδοσιν POxy. 237 viii 10
(ii A. D.).6. lengthen in pronunciation,ὄνομα Luc.Luct.13
; prolong a sound, of echo, Id.Dom.3.II. intr., stretch or lie beside or along, of a wall, a line of country, etc., Hdt.1.180 : c. acc. loci, τὰ πρὸς τὴν ἑσπέρην φέροντα ὁ Καύκασος παρατείνει ib. 203, cf. Th.4.8 :—[voice] Pass.,παρατέταται ὄρος Hdt.2.8
, cf. 4.38 ; ἡ δέ γ' Εὔβοια.. ἡδὶ παρατέταται (with a pun on signf. 1.1 in next line), Ar.Nu. 212 ; alsoπαρατείνειν παρὰ τὰ μέρη Plb.6.31.5
: c. dat.,π. τῷ κόλπῳ Str.8.2.2
: so metaph.,ψυχὴ μικρῷ σώματι -τείνουσα Demetr.
Lac.Herc.1055.10.2. extend, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐντέρου κάτω π. Arist.HA 529a22 ; extend over,πάντας χρόνους καὶ τόπους Aristid.1.11
J.3. of Time, extend, ἐνιαυτοῦ μῆκος π. J.AJ 15.7.4 ;παρατείνοντος τοῦ πότου Parth.8.5
;πόλεμος π. εἰς ἔτη μ App. Syr.48
; continue one's life, live, ἕως.., μέχρι .., Plu.2.832f, 839e ;ἐπὶ τρεῖς γενεάς Luc. Macr.3
.4. as aux. Verb, c. part., ποῖ παρατενεῖς δεδιὼς ταῦτα ; how long will you go on fearing this ? Philostr. VA7.22, cf. 5.26.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παρατείνω
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56 προμηθής
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `forethinking, cautious' (IA.).Derivatives: 1. προμήθ-εια (Att.), also - ία (trag.), Ion. - ίη, Dor. -μά̄θεια f. `caution, foresight'; 2. Προμηθ-εύς, Dor. -μᾱθ-, m. "the forethinking one", `Prometheus' (Hes., Pi.), secondary appellative (A.); to this as opposite Έπιμηθεύς (cf. Bosshardt 95 f.); with - ειος `belonging to P.' (Nic., AP), τὰ Π-εια `P.-festival' (Att.), - ικῶς `in a way worthy to P.' (Ar.; at the same time connected with προμηθής); 3. προμηθ-έομαι `to be forethinking, cautious' (IA.), also - εύομαι `id.' (Alex. Aphr.) with - ευτικός = προμηθής (Eust.); on προμήθεσαι (ipv. aor.?, Archil.?) s. P. Maas KZ 60, 286.Etymology: From πρό and *μῆθος, *μᾶθος, which may be semantically connected with μαθεῖν. If one does not want to separate the last from μενθήρη, Goth. mundon sis etc., one must assume in προμηθής a derailment, perh. after μήδομαι or μῆτις; cf. WP. 2, 271. -- Diff. Bq and Hofmann Et. Wb. s.v.Page in Frisk: 2,599Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > προμηθής
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57 εἰς
εἰς or [full] ἐς, PREP. WITH ACC. ONLY:—both forms are found in Hom., [dialect] Ion. poets, and early metrical Inscrr.; ἐς is best attested in Hdt. and Hp., and is found in nearly all early [dialect] Ion. Inscrr. (exc. IG12(8).262.16 (Thasos, v B. C.), ib.7.235.1 (Oropus, iv B. C.)); εἰς in [dialect] Att. Inscrr. from iv B. C., IG2.115, etc.; and usu. in [dialect] Att. Prose (exc. Th.) and Com. (exc. in parody): Trag. apptly. prefer εἰς, but ἐς is used before vowels metri gr.; ἐς was retained in the phrases ἐς κόρακας (whence the Verb σκορακίζω) , ἐς μακαρίαν. [dialect] Aeol. poets have εἰς before vowels, ἐς before consonants, and this is given as the rule in Hom. by An.Ox. 1.172, cf. Hellad. ap. Phot.Bibl.p.533B. (Orig. ἐνς, as in IG4.554.7 ([place name] Argos), GDI4986.11 ([place name] Crete); cf. ἐν, ἰν. The diphthong is genuine in [dialect] Aeol. εἰς, but spurious in [dialect] Att.-[dialect] Ion.) Radical senseA into, and then more loosely, to:I OF PLACE, the oldest and commonest usage, εἰς ἅλα into or to the sea, Il.1.141, al.;εἰς ἅλαδε Od.10.351
;ἔς ῥ' ἀσαμίνθους 4.48
; ἐς οἶνον βάλε φάρμακον ib. 220; freq. of places, to,εἰς Εὔβοιαν 3.174
; ἐς Αἴγυπτον, etc., Hdt.1.5, etc.; ἐς Μίλητον into the territory of Miletus, ib.14;εἰς Ἑλλήσποντον εἰσέπλει X.HG1.1.2
;ἀφίκετο εἰς Μήδους πρὸς Κυαξάρην Id.Cyr.2.1.2
; εἰς ἅρματα βαίνειν to step into.., Il.8.115;εἰς ἐλάτην ἀναβῆναι 14.287
; opp. ἐκ, in such phrases as ἐς σφυρὸν ἐκ πτέρνης, ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆς, from heel to ankle-joint, from head to foot, 22.397, 23.169;ἐκ πάτου ἐς σκοπιήν 20.137
;ἐς μυχὸν ἐξ οὐδοῦ Od.7.87
; κἠς ἔτος ἐξ ἔτεος from year to year, Theoc. 18.15: with Verbs implying motion or direction, as of looking,ἰδεῖν εἰς οὐρανόν Il.3.364
; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι to look in the face, 9.373, etc.; εἰς ὦπα ἔοικεν he is like in face (sc. ἰδόντι), 3.158, etc.; ἐς ὀφθαλμούς τινος ἐλθεῖν to come before another's eyes, 24.204;ἐς ὄψιν ἀπικνέεσθαί τινος Hdt.1.136
;καλέσαι τινὰ ἐς ὄψιν Id.5.106
, etc.; ἐς ταὐτὸν ἥκειν come to the same point, E.Hipp. 273: less freq. after a Subst.,ὁδὸς ἐς λαύρην Od.22.128
; τὸ ἐς Παλλήνην τεῖχος facing Pallene, Th.1.56;ξύνοδος ἐς τὴν Δῆλον Id.3.104
, cf.Pl.Tht. 173d.b [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion., also c. acc. pers. ([dialect] Att. ὡς, πρός, παρά), Il.7.312, 15.402, Od.14.127, Hdt.4.147; also in [dialect] Att. with collective Nouns,ἐς τὸν δῆμον παρελθόντες Th. 5.45
, or plurals,εἰς ὑμᾶς εἰσῆλθον D.18.103
; esp. of consulting an oracle,ἐς θεὸν ἐλθεῖν Pi.O.7.31
;εἰς Ἄμμων' ἐλθόντες Ar.Av. 619
.2 with Verbs expressing restin a place, when a previous motion into or to it is implied, ἐς μέγαρον κατέθηκεν ἐπὶ θρόνου he put it in the house (i.e. he brought it into the house, and put it there), Od.20.96; ἐς θρόνους ἕζοντο they sat them down upon the seats, 4.51, cf. 1.130; ἐφάνη λὶς εἰς ὁδόν the lion appeared in the path, Il.15.276;ἀπόστολος ἐς τὴν Μίλητον ἦν Hdt.1.21
(s. v.l.); ;ἐς κώμην παραγίνονται Id.1.185
;παρῆν ἐς Σάρδις Id.6.1
;ἐς δόμους μένειν S.Aj.80
(cod. Laur.);ἐς τὴν νῆσον κατέκλῃσε Th.1.109
, cf. Hdt.3.13; ἀπόβασιν ποιήσασθαι ἐς .. Th.2.33, etc.; later used like ἐν, τὴν γῆν εἰς ἣν ὑμεῖς κατοικεῖτε LXX Nu.35.34;τὸ χρυσίον ὃ εἰλήφεσαν εἰς Ῥώμην D.S.14.117
;οἰκεῖν εἰς τὰ Ὕπατα Luc.Asin.1
;εἰς Ἐκβάτανα ἀποθανεῖν Ael.VH7.8
;εἰς ἅπασαν τὴν γῆν Suid.
s.v. Καλλίμαχος: generally,τοὔνομα εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα, φασίν, Ἱππομιγὴς δύναται Ael.VH9.16
.3 with Verbs of saying or speaking, εἰς relates to the persons to or before whom one speaks, εἰπεῖν ἐς πάντας, ἐς πάντας αὔδα, Hdt.8.26, S.OT93;λέγειν εἰς τὸ μέσον τῶν ταξιάρχων X.Cyr. 3.3.7
; : with other Verbs, ; ; ἐπαχθὴς ἦν ἐς τοὺς πολλούς Id.6.54; ;διαβεβλῆσθαι εἴς τινα Pl.R. 539c
.4 elliptical usages,a after Verbs which have no sense of motion to or into a place, τὴν πόλιν ἐξέλιπον εἰς χωρίον ὀχυρόν they quitted the city for a strong position, i.e. to seek a strong position, X.An.1.2.24; γράμματα ἑάλωσαν εἰς Ἀθήνας letters were captured [and sent] to Athens, Id.HG1.1.23, cf. Pl.R. 468a;ἀνίστασθαι ἐς Ἄργος E.Heracl.59
, cf. Pl.Phd. 116a.b participles signifying motion are freq. omitted with εἰς, τοῖς στρατηγοῖς τοῖς εἰς Σικελίαν (sc. ἀποδειχθεῖσιν) And.1.11, etc.c c. gen., mostly of proper names, as εἰς Ἀΐδαο, [dialect] Att. εἰς Ἅιδου [δόμους], Il.21.48; ἐς Ἀθηναίης [ἱερόν] to the temple of Athena, 6.379; ἐς Πριάμοιο [οἶκον] 24.160, cf. 309; εἰς Αἰγύπτοιο [ῥόον] Od.4.581;ἐς τοῦ Κλεομένεος Hdt.5.51
;εἰς Ἀσκληπιοῦ Ar.Pl. 411
;ἐπὶ δεῖπνον [ἰέναι] εἰς Ἀγάθωνος Pl.Smp. 174a
: with Appellatives, ἀνδρὸς ἐς ἀφνειοῦ to a rich man's house, Il.24.482;ἐς πατρός Od.2.195
; πέμπειν εἰς διδασκάλων send to school, X.Lac.2.1;εἰς δ. φοιτᾶν Pl.Prt. 326c
; ἐς σεωυτοῦ, ἑωυτοῦ, Hdt.1.108, 9.108, etc.II OF TIME,1 to denote a certain point or limit of time, up to, until,ἐς ἠῶ Od.11.375
; ἐς ἠέλιον καταδύντα till sunset, 9.161 (but also, towards or near sunset, 3.138);ἐκ νεότητος ἐς γῆρας Il.14.86
;ἐκ παιδὸς ἐς γῆρας Aeschin.1.180
; ἐς ἐμέ up to my time, Hdt.1.92, al.: with Advbs., εἰς ὅτε (cf. ἔς τε) against the time when.., Od.2.99; εἰς πότε; until when ? how long ? S.Aj. 1185 (lyr., cf.εἰσόκἐ; εἰς ὁπότε Aeschin.3.99
; ἐς τί; = εἰς πότε; Il.5.465; ἐς ὅ until, Hdt.1.93, etc.;ἐς οὗ Id.1.67
, 3.31, etc.;ἐς τόδε Id.7.29
, etc.2 to determine a period, εἰς ἐνιαυτόν for a year, i.e. a whole year, Il.19.32, Od.4.526; within the year, ib.86 (cf.ἐς ἐνίαυτον Alc.Supp.8.12
);εἰς ὥρας Od.9.135
; ἐς θέρος ἢ ἐς ὀπώρην for the summer, i.e. throughout it, 14.384; ἡ εἰς ἐνιαυτὸν κειμένη δαπάνη εἰς τὸν μῆνα δαπανᾶται the expenditure for a year is expended in the month, X.Oec.7.36;μισθοδοτεῖν τινὰς εἰς ἓξ μῆνας D.S.19.15
;χοίνικα κριθῶν εἰς τέσσαρας ἡμέρας διεμέτρει Posidon. 36J.
; εἰς ἑσπέραν ἥκειν to come at even, Ar.Pl. 998; εἰς τρίτην ἡμέραν or εἰς τρίτην alone, on the third day, in two days, Pl.Hp.Ma. 286b, X.Cyr.5.3.27;ἥκειν ἐς τὴν ὑστεραίαν Id.An.2.3.25
;ἥκειν εἰς τὸ ἔαρ Hell.Oxy.17.4
; ἐς τέλος at last, Hdt.3.40; ἐς καιρόν in season, Id.4.139; οὐκ ἐς ἀναβολάς, ἀμβολάς, with no delay, Id.8.21, E.Heracl. 270, etc.; ἐς τότε at this time, v.l. in Od.7.317 (but εἰς τότε at that time (in the [tense] fut.), D.14.24, Pl.Lg. 830b); ἐς ὕστερον or τὸ ὕστερον, Od.12.126, Th.2.20: with Advbs.,ἐς αὔριον Il.8.538
, Pl. Lg. 858b;ἔς περ ὀπίσσω Od.20.199
;ἐς αὖθις Th.4.63
(v. εἰσαῦθις (; ἐς αὐτίκα μάλ' Ar. Pax 367; εἰς ἔπειτα (v. εἰσέπειτα (; ἐς τὸ ἔ., Th.2.64;ἐς ὀψέ Id.8.23
; εἰς ἅπαξ, v. εἰσάπαξ; εἰς ἔτι, v. εἰσέτι.III to express MEASURE OR LIMIT, without reference to Time, ἐς δίσκουρα λέλειπτο was left behind as far as a quoit's throw, Il.23.523; ἐς δραχμὴν διέδωκε paid them as much as a drachma, Th.8.29;ἱματισμὸν ζητῆσαι εἰς δύο τάλαντα Thphr.Char.23.8
; so ἐς τὰ μάλιστα to the greatest degree, Hdt.1.20, etc.;ἐς τοσοῦτο τύχης ἀπίκευ Id.1.124
;εἰς τοσοῦτο ἥκειν Lys.27.10
; ; ἐς ὅ ἐμέμνηντο so far as they remembered, Th.5.66;ἐς τὸ ἔσχατον Hdt.7.229
, etc.;εἰς ἅλις Theoc.25.17
.2 freq. with Numerals,ἐς τριακάδας δέκα ναῶν A.Pers. 339
; ναῦς ἐς τὰς τετρακοσίας, διακοσίας, to the number of 400, etc., Th.1.74, 100, etc.; εἰς ἕνα, εἰς δύο, εἰς τέσσαρας, one, two, four deep, X.Cyr.2.3.21; but εἰς τέσσαρας four abreast, Aen.Tact.40.6: with Advbs., ἐς τρίς or ἐστρίς thrice, Pi.O.2.68, Hdt.1.86; of round numbers, about, X.An.1.1.10.4IV to express RELATION, towards, in regard to,ἐξαμαρτεῖν εἰς θεούς A.Pr. 945
, etc.; ἁμάρτημα εἴς τινα, αἰτίαι ἐς ἀλλήλους, Isoc.8.96, Th.1.66; ;ἔχθρη ἔστινα Hdt.6.65
;φιλία ἐς ἀμφοτέρους Th.2.9
; λέγειν ἐς .. Hdt.1.86;γνώμη ἀποδεχθεῖσα ἐς τὴν γέφυραν Id.4.98
;ἡ ἐς γῆν καὶ θάλασσαν ἀρχή Th.8.46
.b of the subject of a work, esp. in titles, e.g.τὰ ἐς Ἀπολλώνιον Philostr. VA
; of the object of a dedication, as in titles of hymns, ἐπινίκια, etc.2 in regard to,πρῶτος εἰς εὐψυχίαν A.Pers. 326
; , cf. Eq.90;διαβάλλειν τινὰ ἔς τι Th.8.88
;αἰτία ἐπιφερομένη ἐς μαλακίαν Id.5.75
;μέμφεσθαι εἰς φιλίαν X.An.2.6.30
;εἰς τὰ πολεμικὰ καταφρονεῖσθαι Id.HG7.4.30
; ; in respect of,εὐτυχεῖν ἐς τέκνα E.Or. 542
, cf. Pl.Ap. 35b, etc.;εἰς χρήματα ζημιοῦσθαι Id.Lg. 774b
, cf. D.22.55; ἐς τὰ ἄλλα Th.I.I;εἰς ἄπαντα S.Tr. 489
;ἐς τὰ πάνθ' ὁμῶς A.Pr. 736
;εἰς μὲν ταῦτα Pl.Ly. 210a
; τό γ' εἰς ἑαυτόν, τὸ εἰς ἐμέ, S.OT 706, E. IT 691, cf. S.Ichn.346; ;ἐς πλείονας οἰκεῖν Id.2.37
; for τελεῖν ἐς Ἕλληνας, Βοιωτούς, ἄνδρας, etc., v. τελέω.3 of Manner,ἐς τὸν νῦν τρόπον Id.1.6
;τίθεμεν τἆλλα εἰς τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον; Pl.R. 353d
;ἐς ἓν μέλος Theoc.18.7
: freq. periphr. for Advbs., ἐς κοινὸν φράζειν, λέγειν, A.Pr. 844, Eu. 408; ἐς τὸ πᾶν, = πάντως, Id.Ag. 682(lyr.); ἐς τάχος, = ταχέως, Ar.Ach. 686; ἐς εὐτέλειαν, = εὐτελῶς, Id.Av. 805;ἐς τἀρχαῖον Id.Nu. 593
;εἰς καλόν S. OT78
, cf. Pl.Phd. 76e;ἐς δέον γεγονέναι Hdt.1.119
, cf. S.OT 1416, and v. δέον.V ofan end or limit, ἔρχεσθαι, τελευτᾶν, λήγειν ἐς.., to end in.., Hdt.1.120,3.125,4.39, etc.;ἐς ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτεα ου,ρον ἀνθρώπῳ προτίθημι Id.1.32
; καταξαίνειν ἐς φοινικίδα to cut into red rags, Ar.Ach. 320 (troch.);στρέφειν τι εἰς αἷμα Apoc.11.6
; εἰς ἄνδρας ἐκ μειρακίων τελευτᾶν, εἰς ἄνδρα γενειᾶν, Pl.Tht. 173b, Theoc.14.28;ἐκτρέφειν τὸ σπέρμα εἰς καρπόν X.Oec.17.10
: so with εἶναι or γίγνομαι to form a predicate,ἔσται εἰς ἔθνη LXXGe.17.16
; ἐγενήθη εἰς γυναῖκα ib.20.12; πιστὸς (sc.ἦν) εἰς προφήτην ib.IKi.3.20;ἐγένετο εἰς δένδρον Ev.Luc.13.19
,al.2 of Purpose or Object, εἰπεῖν εἰς ἀγαθόν, πείσεται εἰς ἀγαθόν, for good, for his good, Il.9.102,11.789;εἰς ἀγαθὰ μυθεῖσθαι 23.305
;ἐς πόλεμον θωρήξομαι 8.376
, cf. Hdt.7.29, etc.; ἐς φόβον to cause fear, Il.15.310;ἐς ὑποδήματα δεδόσθαι Hdt.2.98
;κόσμος ὁ εἰς ἑορτάς X.Oec.9.6
;ἐπιτηδεότατος, εὐπρεπής, ἔς τι Hdt.1.115
,2.116; εἰς κάλλος ζῆν to live for show, X.Cyr.8.1.33, cf. Ages. 9.1;ἐς δαίτην ἐκάλεσσε Call.Aet.1.1.5
;εἰς κέρδος τι δρᾶν S.Ph.
III; ; ; εἰς τὸ πρᾶγμα εἶναι to be pertinent, to the purpose, D.36.54; freq. of expenditure on an object, IG22.102.11, 116.41, al.;ἐς τὸ δέον Ar.Nu. 859
, etc.; ἐς δᾷδα ib. 612.B POSITION: εἰς is sts. parted from its acc. by several words,εἰς ἀμφοτέρω Διομήδεος ἅρματα βήτην Il.8.115
; : seldom (only in Poets) put after its case, Il.15.59, Od.3.137,15.541, S.OC 126(lyr.): after an Adv.,αὔριον ἔς· τῆμος δὲ.. Od.7.318
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58 πέρυσι(ν)
πέρυσι(ν)Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `last year' (on the final Schwyzer 619; IA).Other forms: Dor. πέρυτι(ς).Dialectal forms: Myc. perusinuwo ? (with unexplained F; cf. Lejeune Rev. de phil. 81. 164, Risch Ét. Myc. 1956, 170).Derivatives: περυσινός `from last year, last-yearly' (Att.). Byform πέρσυ with περσυνός (inscr., pap.), prob. from πέρισυ, περισυνός (Gal.) through vowelsyncope; vowelmetathesis also in περ(ι)σύας m. `wine from last year' (Hp. ap. Gal. 19, 130); s. Schwyzer Glotta 5, 196, Kapsomenakis Voruntersuchungen 64 w. n 2.Etymology: Old adverb of time, formally and semantically identical with Arm. heru, IE * peruti; to the same form go back also Germ. a. Celt. forms: OWNo. i fjorð, MHG vert `id.', OIr. ónn-urid `ab anno priore'. Beside it without final -i Skt. parút `last year'. Prob. compound: IE * per-ut(i), from the zero grade of the words for `year' (s. ἔτος) in the loc. (acc.?) sg. (s. Brugmann Grundr.2 2: 2, 708; cf. Schwyzer 622 w. n. 3) and a word for `previous, last' v. s., which is found also in Lith. pérnai `last year', MHG vern `id.' and finally is identical with IE per- in πέρᾱ (s. v.) etc.. WP. 1, 251 and 2, 31, Pok. 810f. and 1175.Page in Frisk: 2,518-519Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέρυσι(ν)
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59 ποτέ
ποτέ enclitic particle (Hom. et al.; pap, LXX, TestSol, TestAbr,TestJob, JosAs, GrBar; ApcEsdr 4:33 p. 29, 9 Tdf.; ApcMos; apolog. [Mel., P. 37, 253 al.])① pert. to generalization of time, at some time or other of the past once, formerly (Jos., Bell. 7, 112; Mel.) J 9:13; Ro 7:9; 11:30 (on ποτὲ … νῦν [νυνί] δέ, s. νῦν 1aβג); Gal 1:13, 23; Eph 2:2f al.; B 7:9; MPol 8:1; EpilMosq 3; Papias (2:3).—Of the future (Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 63 §257=at last; Jos., Bell. 5, 19; Just., D. 65, 2) σύ ποτε ἐπιστρέψας when once you (will) have turned Lk 22:32; Hm 9, 7.—ποτὲ μὲν … ποτὲ δέ now … now, at times … at times (X., Mem. 4, 2, 32; Pla., Theaet. 170c; Diod S 1, 32, 2; 2, 59, 5; Wsd 16:18f; TestSol; GrBar 3:5; ApcEsdr 4:33; Ar. 7, 2; Just., A I, 14, 1 al.) B 10:7; GJs 17:2. Finally, at last MPol 8:1. On ἤδη ποτέ now at last Ro 1:10; Phil 4:10; 2 Cl 13:1 s. ἤδη 2.—After negatives ever οὐ … ποτέ not … ever, never 2 Pt 1:21; AcPlCor 1:4. οὔτε … ποτὲ … οὔτε 1 Th 2:5; IRo 2:1. MPol 17:2. μήτε … ποτὲ B 16:10. οὐδείς ποτε Eph 5:29 (X., Mem. 1, 4, 19 μηδέν ποτε). οὐ μὴ … ποτέ 2 Pt 1:10. On μή ποτε s. μήποτε; on δή ποτε s. δήποτε. In rhetorical questions that expect a neg. answer τίς … ποτέ; 1 Cor 9:7. Cp. Hb 1:5, 13; Dg 8:1.② indicating a supposition, presumably ἐν τῇ φιλοξενίᾳ εὑρίσκεται ἀγαθοποίησίς ποτε Hm 8:10. Cp. Hs 6, 5, 4 v.l.③ pert. to generalizing, ever after relatives (ὅπου ποτέ Just., D., 127, 2) ὅσοι ποτέ whatever, whoever Hs 9, 6, 7; 9, 28, 3. On ὁποῖοί ποτε ἦσαν Gal 2:6 s. ὁποῖος and cp. Epict. 2, 20, 5 τίνες ποτέ; οἱ Ἀκαδημαϊκοὺς αὑτοὺς λέγοντες=who are they then? Those who call themselves Academics? Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 14 διὰ τί ποτε; ‘why, in the world?’—On τί δή ποτε Dg 1 s. δήποτε.—DELG s.v. πο-A. M-M. -
60 μετά
μετά [[pron. full] ᾰ, but [pron. full] ᾱ in S.Ph. 184 (s. v. l., lyr.)], poet. [full] μεταί, dub., only in μεταιβολία; [dialect] Aeol., [dialect] Dor., Arc. πεδά (q.v.): Prep. with gen., dat., and acc. (Cf. Goth.A mip, OHG. miti, mit 'with'.)A WITH GEN. (in which use μ. gradually superseded σύν, q.v.),I in the midst of, among, between, with pl. Nouns,μετ' ἄλλων λέξο ἑταίρων Od.10.320
;μ. δμώων πῖνε καὶ ἦσθε 16.140
;τῶν μέτα παλλόμενος Il.24.400
;πολλῶν μ. δούλων A.Ag. 1037
;μ. ζώντων εἶναι S.Ph. 1312
;ὅτων οἰκεῖς μέτα Id.OT 414
;μ. τῶν θεῶν διάγουσα Pl.Phd. 81a
(but κεῖσθαι μ. τινός with one, S.Ant.73): sts. the pl. is implied, μετ' οὐδενὸς ἀνδρῶν ναίειν, i.e. among no men, Id.Ph. 1103 (lyr.), etc.II in common, along with, by aid of (implying a closer union than σύν), μ. Βοιωτῶν ἐμάχοντο Il.13.700
, cf. 21.458; συνδιεπολέμησαντὸν πόλεμον μ. Ἀθηναίων IG12.108.7
;μ. ξυμμάχων ξυγκινδυνεύσειν Th.8.24
, cf. 6.79, etc.; μ. τῆς βουλῆς in co-operation with the council, IG12.91.10: in this sense freq. (not in ll., Od., Pi., rare in early Gr.) with sg., μετ' Ἀθηναίης with, i.e. by aid of, Athena, h.Hom. 20.2;μ. εἷο Hes.Th. 392
; μ. τινὸς πάσχειν, δρᾶν τι, A.Pr. 1067 (anap.), S.Ant.70; μ. τινὸς εἶναι to be on one's side, Th.3.56;μ. τοῦ ἠδικημένου ἔσεσθαι X.Cyr.2.4.7
;μ. τοῦ νόμου καὶ τοῦ δικαίου Pl.Ap. 32b
: generally, with, together with, with Subst. in sg. first in Hdt. (in whom it is rare exc. in the phrase οἱ μ. τινός, v. infr.), asκοιμᾶσθαι μ. τινός 3.68
, Timocl.22.2;εὕδειν μ. τινός Hdt.3.84
; οἱ μ. τινός his companions, Id.1.86, al., Pl.Prt. 315b: freq. with Prons.,μετ' αὐτοῦ S. Ant.73
; (anap.), etc.: less freq. of things,στέγη πυρὸς μ. S.Ph. 298
;μ. κιθάρας E.IA 1037
(lyr.);μ. τυροῦ Ar.Eq. 771
, etc.; , cf. E.Or. 573;ὄχλος μ. μαχαιρῶν καὶ ξύλων Ev.Matt.26.47
: indicating community of action and serving to join two subjects, Κλεομένης μετὰ Ἀθηναίων C. and the Athenians, Th.1.126: with pl. Verb,Δημοσθένης μ. τῶν ξυστρατήγων σπένδονται Id.3.109
, etc.; of things, in conjunction with, ; γῆρας μ. πενίας ib. 330a.III later, in one's dealings with,ὅσα ἐποίησεν ὁ θεὸς μετ' αὐτῶν Act.Ap. 14.27
;ὁ ποιήσας τὸ ἔλεος μετ' αὐτοῦ Ev.Luc.10.36
;τί ἡμῖν συνέβη μ. τῶν ἀρχόντων PAmh.2.135.15
(ii A.D.): even of hostile action,σὺ ποιεῖς μετ' ἐμοῦ πονηρίαν LXX Jd.11.27
, cf. 15.3;πολεμῆσαι μ. τινός Apoc.12.7
, cf. Apollod.Poliorc.190.4 codd. (but μ. may be a gloss), Wilcken Chr.23.10 (v A.D.), OGI201.3 (Nubia, vi A. D.): to denote the union of persons with qualities or circumstances, and so to denote manner,τὸ ἄπραγμον.. μὴ μ. τοῦ δραστηρίου τεταγμένον Th.2.63
, etc.;ἱκετεῦσαι μ. δακρύων Pl.Ap. 34c
;οἴκτου μέτα S.OC 1636
;μετ' ἀσφαλείας μὲν δοξάζομεν, μετὰ δέους δὲ.. ἐλλείπομεν Th.1.120
, cf. IG22.791.12;μ. ῥυθμοῦ βαίνοντες Th.5.70
; ὅσα μετ' ἐλπίδων λυμαίνεται ib. 103, etc.; , cf. Phdr. 249a, 253d; also, by means of,μετ' ἀρετῆς πρωτεύειν X.Mem. 3.5.8
;γράφε μ. μέλανος PMag.Lond.121.226
.2 serving to join two predicates, γενόμενος μ. τοῦ δυνατοῦ καὶ ξυνετός, i.e. δυνατός τε καὶ ξυνετός, Th.2.15;ὅταν πλησιάζῃ μ. τοῦ ἅπτεσθαι Pl.Phdr. 255b
.IV rarely of Time, μ. τοῦ γυμνάζεσθαι ἠλείψαντο, for ἅμα, Th.1.6; μετ' ἀνοκωχῆς during.., Id.5.25.B WITH DAT., only poet., mostly [dialect] Ep.:I between, among others, but without the close union which belongs to the genitive, and so nearly = ἐν, which is sts. exchanged with it,μ. πρώτοισι.. ἐν πυμάτοισι Il.11.64
:1 of persons, among, in company with,μετ' ἀθανάτοισι Il.1.525
;μετ' ἀνθρώποις B.5.30
;μ. κόραισι Νηρῆος Pi.O.2.29
; μ. τριτάτοισιν ἄνασσεν in the third generation (not μ. τριτάτων belonging to it), Il.1.252; of haranguing an assembly,μετ' Ἀργείοις ἀγορεύεις 10.250
, etc.; between, of two parties, .2 of things, μ. νηυσίν, ἀστράσι, κύμασιν, 13.668, 22.28, Od.3.91;δεινὸν δ' ἐστὶ θανεῖν μ. κύμασιν Hes. Op. 687
;χαῖται δ' ἐρρώοντο μ. πνοιῇς ἀνέμοιο Il.23.367
;αἰετὼ.. ἐπέτοντο μ. π. ἀ. Od.2.148
.3 of separate parts of persons, between, μ. χερσὶν ἔχειν to hold between, i.e. in, the hands, Il.11.4, 184, S. Ph. 1110 (lyr.), etc.;τὸν μ. χ. ἐρύσατο Il.5.344
; ὅς κεν.. πέσῃ μ. ποσσὶ γυναικός, of a child being born, 'to fall between her feet', 19.110; so μ. γένυσσιν, γαμφηλῇσιν, 11.416, 13.200;μ. φρεσί 4.245
, etc.II to complete a number, besides, over and above, αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ πέμπτος μ. τοῖσιν ἐλέγμην I reckoned myself to be with them a fifth, Od.9.335, cf. Il.3.188; Οὖτιν.. πύματον ἔδομαι μ. οἷς ἑτάροισι last to complete the number, i.e. after, Od.9.369, cf. A.Pers. 613, Theoc.1.39, 17.84.III c. dat. sg., only of collect. Nouns (or the equivalent of such,μεθ' αἵματι καὶ κονίῃσιν Il.15.118
),μ. στροφάλιγγι κονίης 21.503
;στρατῷ 22.49
;μ. πρώτῃ ἀγορῇ 19.50
, etc.;μετ' ἀνδρῶν.. ἀριθμῷ Od.11.449
;μετ' ἄλλῳ λαῷ A.Ch. 365
(lyr.).C WITH ACCUS.,I of motion, into the middle of, coming into or among, esp. where a number of persons is implied,ἵκοντο μ. Τρῶας καὶ Ἀχαιούς Il.3.264
;μ. φῦλα θεῶν 15.54
, cf. Od.3.366, al.;μ. μῶλον Ἄρηος Il.16.245
;μ. λαὸν Ἀχαιών 5.573
, al.; μ. στρατόν, μεθ' ὅμιλον, μεθ' ὁμήγυριν, 5.589, 14.21, 20.142: so of birds, ὥς τ' αἰγυπιὸς μ. χῆνας (though this may be referred to signf. 2), 17.460; of things,εἴ τινα φεύγοντα σαώσειαν μ. νῆας 12.123
; με μ... ἔριδας καὶ νείκεα βάλλει plunges me into them, 2.376; of place,μ. τ' ἤθεα καὶ νομὸν ἵππων 6.511
; δράγματα μετ' ὄγμον πῖπτον into the midst of the furrow, 18.552.2 in pursuit or quest of, of persons, sts. in friendlysense, βῆ ῥ' ἰέναι μ. Νέστορα went to seek Nestor, Il.10.73, cf. 15.221: sts. in hostile sense, βῆναι μ. τινά to go after, pursue him, 5.152, 6.21, al.; also of things, πλεῖν μ. χαλκόν to sail in quest of it, Od.1.184; ἵκηαι μ. πατρὸς ἀκουήν in search of news of thy father, 2.308, cf. 13.415;οἴχονται μ. δεῖπνον Il.19.346
; πόλεμον μέτα θωρήσσοντο they armed for the battle, 20.329; ὡπλίζοντο μεθ' ὕλην prepared to seek after wood, 7.418, cf. 420;μ. δούρατος ᾤχετ' ἐρωήν 11.357
;μ. γὰρ δόρυ ᾔει οἰσόμενος 13.247
.II of sequence or succession,1 of Place, after, behind, λαοὶ ἕπονθ', ὡς εἴ τε μ. κτίλον ἕσπετο μῆλα like sheep after the bell-wether, Il.13.492, cf. Od.6.260, 21.190, h.Ven.69;ἔσχατοι μ. Κύνητας οἰκέουσι Hdt.4.49
; μ. τὴν θάλασσαν beyond, on the far side of the sea, Theo Sm.p.122 H.2 of Time, after, next to,μ. δαῖτας Od.22.352
; μεθ' Ἕκτορα πότμος ἑτοῖμος after Hector thy death is at the door, Il.18.96;μ. Πάτροκλόν γε θανόντα 24.575
, cf. Hdt. 1.34;μετ' εὐχάν A.Ag. 231
(lyr.), etc.;μ. ταῦτα
thereupon, there-after,h.Merc.
126, etc.;τὸ μ. ταῦτα Pl.Phlb. 34c
;τὸ μ. τοῦτο Id.Criti. 120a
; μετ' ὀλίγον ὕστερον shortly after, Id.Lg. 646c;μ. μικρόν Luc. Demon.8
;μ. ἡμέρας τρεῖς μ. τὴν ἄφεδρον Dsc.2.19
;μ. ἔτη δύο J.BJ 1.13.1
;μ. τρίτον ἔτος Thphr.HP4.2.8
; μ. χρυσόθρονον ἠῶ after daybreak, h.Merc. 326: but μετ' ἡμέρην by day, opp. νυκτός, Hdt.2.150, cf. Pl.Phdr. 251e, etc.; μεθ' ἡμέραν, opp. νύκτωρ, E.Ba. 485;μ. νύκτας Pi.N.6.6
; μ. τὸν ἑξέτη καὶ τὴν ἑξέτιν after the boy or girl has attained the age of six years, Pl.Lg. 794c.3 in order of Worth, Rank, etc., next after, following [comp] Sup.,κάλλιστος ἀνὴρ.. τῶν ἄλλων Δαναῶν μετ' ἀμύμονα Πηλεΐωνα Il.2.674
, cf. 7.228, 12.104, Od.2.350, Hdt.4.53, X.Cyr.7.2.11, etc.;κοῦροι οἳ.. ἀριστεύουσι μεθ' ἡμέας Od.4.652
, cf. Isoc.9.18: where [comp] Sup. is implied,ὃς πᾶσι μετέπρεπε.. μ. Πηλεΐωνος ἑταῖρον Il.16.195
, cf. 17.280, 351; μ. μάκαρας next to the gods, A.Th. 1080 (anap.); also μάχεσθαι μ. πολλοὺς τῶν Ἑλλήνων to be inferior in fighting to many.., Philostr.Her.6.III after, according to, μ. σὸν καὶ ἐμὸν κῆρ as you and I wish, Il.15.52;μετ' ἀνέρος ἴχνι' ἐρευνῶν 18.321
;μετ' ἴχνια βαῖνε Od.2.406
.IV generally, among, between, as with dat. (B.I), μ. πάντας ὁμήλικας ἄριστος best among all, Il.9.54, cf. Od.16.419;μ. πληθύν Il.2.143
; μ. τοὺς τετελευτηκότας including those who have died, PLond.2.260.87 (i A.D.);μ. χεῖρας ἔχειν Hdt.7.16
. β', Th.1.138, POxy.901.9 (iv A.D.), cf. X.Ages.2.14, etc.D μετά with all cases can be put after its Subst., and is then by anastrophe μέτα, Il.13.301, but not when the ult. is elided, 17.258, Od.15.147.E abs. as ADV., among them, with them, Il.2.446, 477, etc.; with him,οὐκ οἶον, μ. καὶ Γανυμήδεα A.R.3.115
.III thereafter, 15.67, Hdt.1.88, 128, 150, A.Ag. 759 (lyr.), etc.; μ. γάρ τε καὶ ἄλγεσι τέρπεται ἀνήρ one feels pleasure even in troubles, when past, Od.15.400; μ. δέ, for ἔπειτα δέ, Hdt.1.19, Luc.DMort.9.2, etc.F μέτα, -μέτεστι, Od.21.93, Parm.9.4, Hdt.1.88, 171, S.Ant. 48,etc.G IN COMPOS.:2 of action in common with another, as in μεταδαίνυμαι, μεταμέλπομαι, etc., c. dat. pers.II in the midst of, of space or time, as inμεταδήμιος, μεταδόρπιος 1
; between, as in μεταίχμιον, μεταπύργιον.III of succession of time, as in , μετακλαίω, μεταυτίκα.V of letting go, as in μεθίημι, μεθήμων.
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