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101 figurar
v.1 to represent.María figuró los sucesos Mary represented the events.2 to feign, to simulate.María figuró un desmayo Mary feigned a fainting spell.3 to appear, to figure.figura en los títulos de crédito como productor he appears o is listed in the credits as the producerfigura entre los artistas más destacados de su época he was one of the most outstanding artists of his day4 to take part, to figure, to sit in.Ese diplomático figuró en el seminario That diplomat took part in the...* * *1 (representar) to represent2 (simular) to simulate, feign1 (encontrarse) to appear, be, figure2 (destacar) to stand out, be important1 (imaginarse) to imagine, suppose\¡figúrate! just imagine!ya me lo figuraba I thought as much* * *verb1) to figure2) be among3) stand out•* * *1. VItu nombre no figura en la lista — your name doesn't figure o appear on the list
2) (=destacar)es un don nadie, pero le encanta figurar — he's a nobody, but he likes to show off
2. VT frm1) (=representar) to represent2) (=fingir) to feign3.See:* * *1.verbo intransitivoa) (en lista, documento) to appearb) ( en sociedad) to be prominent; ( destacar)2.lo hizo sólo para figurar or por afán de figurar — he just did it to show off o impress
figurarse v pron to imagine¿crees que vendrá? - me figuro que sí — do you think she'll come? - I imagine so o (AmE) I figure she will
figúrate, tardamos dos horas! — just imagine! it took us two hours
¿se enfadó mucho? - figúrate! — did she get very angry? - what do you think?
figúrate tú, se quedó viuda — can you imagine? she was left a widow
ya me lo figuraba yo — I thought as much, so I thought
ya te figurarás lo que hice — you can imagine o (AmE) figure what I did!
* * *= appear, feature, figure.Ex. The statement of authorship is also transcribed and it appears in the work.Ex. If a corporate body is deemed to have some intellectual responsibility for the content of a work, then the name of that body will usually feature as a heading on either a main or added entry.Ex. It is important not to let the early sections figure disproportionately in the final abstract merely because they are encountered first.----* no figurar = be not included.* * *1.verbo intransitivoa) (en lista, documento) to appearb) ( en sociedad) to be prominent; ( destacar)2.lo hizo sólo para figurar or por afán de figurar — he just did it to show off o impress
figurarse v pron to imagine¿crees que vendrá? - me figuro que sí — do you think she'll come? - I imagine so o (AmE) I figure she will
figúrate, tardamos dos horas! — just imagine! it took us two hours
¿se enfadó mucho? - figúrate! — did she get very angry? - what do you think?
figúrate tú, se quedó viuda — can you imagine? she was left a widow
ya me lo figuraba yo — I thought as much, so I thought
ya te figurarás lo que hice — you can imagine o (AmE) figure what I did!
* * *= appear, feature, figure.Ex: The statement of authorship is also transcribed and it appears in the work.
Ex: If a corporate body is deemed to have some intellectual responsibility for the content of a work, then the name of that body will usually feature as a heading on either a main or added entry.Ex: It is important not to let the early sections figure disproportionately in the final abstract merely because they are encountered first.* no figurar = be not included.* * *figurar [A1 ]vi1 (en una lista, un documento) to appearsu nombre no figura en la lista his name doesn't appear on the listfigura en los primeros puestos de la clasificación she appears o is among the leaders in the tableaquí figura como tutor del niño he appears o he is down here as the child's guardian2 (en sociedad) to be prominent(destacar): lo hizo sólo para figurar he just did it to show off o impresssi me hubiera gustado figurar habría sido artista if I'd wanted to be somebody important, I would have chosen to be an artistuna familia que figura mucho (en sociedad) a family with a high profile in society life■ figurarvtto representel círculo anaranjado figura el sol the orange circle represents the sunto imagine¿crees que vendrá? — me figuro que sí do you think she'll come? — I imagine so o ( AmE) I figure she will¡figúrate, tardamos dos horas en llegar! just imagine, o can you believe it? it took us two hours to get there¿se enfadó mucho? — ¡figúrate! did she get very angry? — what do you think?figúrate tú, se quedó viuda y con dos niños pequeños can you imagine? she was left a widow and with two small childrenya te figurarás lo que le contesté you can imagine o guess o ( AmE) figure what I said to him!* * *
figurar ( conjugate figurar) verbo intransitivo (en lista, documento) to appear
figurarse verbo pronominal
to imagine;
me figuro que tardaremos una hora I reckon o (AmE) figure that it'll take us one hour;
¡figúrate, tardamos dos horas! just imagine! it took us two hours;
ya me lo figuraba yo I thought as much, so I thought
figurar
I vi (en una lista, en un grupo) to figure [como, as] [entre, among]: no figura entre los seleccionados, she wasn't listed in the selection
II vt to represent
' figurar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
constar
English:
feature
- figure
- include
- rank
* * *♦ vi1. [aparecer] to appear, to figure (en in);su nombre figura al final de la lista her name appears at the end of the list;figura entre los artistas más destacados de su época he was one of the most outstanding artists of his day;figura en los títulos de crédito como productor he appears o is listed in the credits as the produceracude a todas las fiestas por un afán de figurar she goes to all the parties because she wants to be seen♦ vt1. [representar] to represent;una imagen que figura una divinidad an image representing a god2. [simular] to feign, to simulate;figuró estar satisfecho he pretended to be satisfied* * *I v/i appear (en in);aquí figura como … she appears o is down here as …II v/t1 ( simular) pretend2 ( representar) represent* * *figurar vi1) : to figure, to be includedRivera figura entre los más grandes pintores de México: Rivera is among Mexico's greatest painters2) : to be prominent, to stand outfigurar vt: to representesta línea figura el horizonte: this line represents the horizon* * * -
102 tratar
v.1 to treat (comportarse con) (persona, objeto).¿qué tal te trataron? how were you treated?El médico trata al paciente The doctor treats=cures the patient.2 to have dealings or contact with.la traté muy poco I didn't have much to do with her3 to treat (tema, asunto).eso lo tienes que tratar con el jefe that's something you'll have to discuss with the boss4 to treat.5 to treat (agua, sustancia, alimento).6 to process (computing) (datos, información).Ellos tratan el cuero They process the leather.7 to deal.Las empresas trataron The companies made a deal.8 to try, to make a trial, to attempt it, to attempt.Ella trató por mucho tiempo She tried for a long time.9 to handle, to maneuver, to manoeuvre.Ellos tratan sus pensamientos They handle their thoughts.* * *1 (gen - objeto) to treat, handle; (- persona) to treat2 (asunto, tema) to discuss, deal with3 (gestionar) to handle, run4 (dar tratamiento) to address as5 (calificar, considerar) to consider, call6 MEDICINA to treat7 (datos, texto) to process8 QUÍMICA to treat2 (tener tratos) to deal ( con, with)3 (negociar) to negotiate ( con, with)4 (intentar) to try (de, to)5 (versar) to be about■ trata de/sobre espías it's about spies6 COMERCIO to deal (en, in)1 (relacionarse) to talk to each other, be on speaking terms2 (llamarse) to address each other as, call each other3 (referirse) to be about\se trata de... it's a question of..., it's a matter of...* * *verb1) to treat2) handle•- tratar de* * *1. VT1) [+ persona, animal, objeto] to treathay que tratar a los animales con cariño — animals should be given plenty of affection, animals should be treated lovingly
te dejo la cámara, pero trátala bien — I'll let you have the camera, but be careful with it o treat it carefully
la vida la ha tratado muy bien — life has been very kind to her, life has treated her very well
•
tratar a algn de loco — to treat sb like a madman2) (=llamar)¿cómo le tenemos que tratar cuando nos hable? — how should we address him when he speaks to us?
•
tratar a algn de algo — to call sb sthtratar a algn de tú/usted — to address sb as "tú"/"usted"
3) (=relacionarse con)tratar a algn: ya no lo trato — I no longer have any dealings with him
me cae bien, pero no la he tratado mucho — I like her, but I haven't had a lot to do with her
4) (Med) [+ paciente, enfermedad] to treat¿qué médico te está tratando? — which doctor is giving you treatment?
5) [+ tejido, madera, residuos] to treat6) (=discutir) [+ tema] to deal with; [+ acuerdo, paz] to negotiateeste asunto tiene que tratarlo directamente con el director — you'll have to speak directly with the manager about this matter
7) (Inform) to process2. VI1)• tratar de — [libro] to be about, deal with; [personas] to talk about, discuss
ahora van a tratar del programa — they're going to talk about o discuss the programme now
2) (=intentar)•
tratar de hacer algo — to try to do sth•
tratar de que, trataré de que esta sea la última vez — I'll try to make sure that this is the last timetrata por todos los medios de que el trabajo esté acabado para mañana — try and do whatever you can to make sure that the job is done by tomorrow
3) (=relacionarse)•
tratar con algn, trato con todo tipo de gente — I deal with all sorts of peopleno había tratado con personas de esa clase — I had not previously come into contact with people like that
para tratar con animales hay que tener mucha paciencia — you have to be very patient when dealing with animals
4) (Com)•
tratar con o en algo — to deal in sthtrataban con o en pieles — they dealt in furs, they were involved in the fur trade
3.See:* * *1.verbo intransitivo1) ( intentar) to trytratar de + inf — to try to + inf
tratar de que + subj: trata de que queden a la misma altura try to get them level; trataré de que no vuelva a suceder — I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again
2) obra/libro/película¿de qué trata el libro? — what's the book about?
3) (tener contacto, relaciones)4) (Com)2.tratar vt1)a) <persona/animal/instrumento> (+ compl) to treatb) ( llamar)tratar a alguien de usted/tú — to address somebody using the polite usted or the more familiar tú form
2) ( frecuentar)3) <tema/asunto> to deal with4)a) <paciente/enfermedad> to treatb) <sustancia/metal> to treat3.tratarse v pron1)a)tratarse con alguien — ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with somebody; ( alternar) to socialize o mix with somebody
b) (recípr)2) (+ compl)a) (recípr)se tratan de usted/tú — they address each other as `usted'/`tu'
se tratan sin ningún respeto — they have o show no respect for each other
b) (refl) ( cuidarse)tratarse bien/mal — to look after oneself well/not to look after oneself
3) (Med) to have o undergo treatment4) tratarse de (en 3a pers)a) ( ser acerca de) to be about¿de qué se trata? — what's it about?
b) ( ser cuestión de)se trata de arreglar la situación, no de discutir — we're supposed to be settling things, not arguing
si sólo se trata de eso... — if that's all it is...
* * *= address, approach, consider (as), cover, discuss, focus on/upon, get to, go into, handle, manipulate, tackle, treat, turn to, broach, give + treatment, play with, speak to, treat, pick up on, meet.Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado y participio met.Ex. The inclusion of vendors and publishers allows everyone to address sticky business relationships head-on.Ex. The searcher may be the end user, but the end user is approaching the search in some ignorance of his real requirements, or of the literature that might be available to meet those requirements.Ex. A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.Ex. The schedules are divided into two parts, one covering music scores and parts and the other concerned with music literature.Ex. This review also illustrates some of the issues which cataloguers have discussed over the years, and demonstrates other solutions to standards in cataloguing than those embodied in modern cataloguing codes.Ex. In a text such as this which focuses primarily upon controlled indexing languages and systems it is difficult to place natural language indexing in a appropriate context.Ex. 'I'll get to that, I promise! but right now I have a budget to work on!'.Ex. Although the description given here is quite lengthy, many points are glossed over, and the Manual goes into these and a number of others at length.Ex. An author's name is usually shorter than a title, and thus is arguably easier to handle and remember.Ex. Different stores offer access to distinct types of information or data and permit the information to be manipulated to varying extents.Ex. Chapter 2 tackles books, pamphlets and printed sheets, and chapter 3 is dedicated to cartographic materials.Ex. In troubleshooting, it is important to treat the cause as well as the symptom of the problem = En la solución de problemas, es importante tratar tanto la causa como el síntoma del problema.Ex. We shall turn to this distinction very shortly.Ex. Some of the consequences of this conclusion are broached in this article.Ex. In this five-day workshop we will play with the design and building of non-traditional interface solutions.Ex. Numerous articles in the library literature speak to this phenomenon but most deal with the experience of larger libraries.Ex. The author studies the factors which have impeded the spread of information on the use of thioctic acid to treat mushroom poisoning.Ex. The report picks up on this as a surprising finding, suggesting implicitly that open access journals are lagging behind in this regard.Ex. There may be a threat of over-capacity; if so, this could be met by diversification, an enlargement of the SLIS role.----* aguas residuales sin tratar = raw sewage, raw waste water.* atreverse a tratar = dare to + tread.* como si (se tratase de) = as if.* continuar tratando = pursue + Nombre + further.* cuando se trata de + Infinitivo = when it comes to + Gerundio.* de qué se trata = what it's all about.* difícil de tratar = unruly.* empezar a tratar = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* manera de tratar = avenue of approach.* no atraverse a tratar = fear to + tread.* ponerse a tratar + Algo = get down to + Nombre.* que trata de = surrounding.* seguir tratando = discuss + further.* sin tratar = untreated.* temer tratar = fear to + tread.* tratar Algo = get down to + Nombre, be under consideration.* tratar algo en detalle = go into + Algo + at length.* tratar Algo en profundidad = go into + Algo + at length.* tratar Algo imparcialmente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.* tratar Algo justamente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.* tratar Algo sin parcialismo = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.* tratar Algo sin rodeos = address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on.* tratar Algo supercialmente = dabble in.* tratar como un objeto = objectify.* tratar como un personaje = lionise [lionize, -USA].* tratar (con) = negotiate (with).* tratar con bondad = kill + Nombre + with kindness, smother + Nombre + with kindness.* tratar con cloro = chlorinate.* tratar con condescendencia = patronise [patronize, -USA], condescend.* tratar con más detalle = discuss + in greater detail.* tratar con precaución = approach + with caution.* tratar con prudencia = treat with + caution, view with + caution.* tratar con respeto = treat with + respect.* tratar de = be about, be concerned with, deal with, take up, bear on, deal in.* tratar de abarcar más de lo que se puede = bite off more than + Pronombre + can chew.* tratar de ganar tiempo = temporise [temporize, -USA], play for + time.* tratar de igual modo = treat as + equal.* tratar de ligar = chat up.* tratar de no llamar la atención = keep + a low profile, lie + low.* tratar de pasar desapercibido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.* tratar de pasar inadvertido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.* tratar detalladamente = cover + in detail.* tratar de un modo sentimental = sentimentalise [sentimentalize, -USA].* tratar de un modo urgente = fast track.* tratar en detalle = treat + at length, discuss + at length.* tratar en profundidad = treat + in detail.* tratar específicamente = target.* tratar información = handle + information.* tratar injustamente = malign.* tratar justamente = treat + fairly.* tratar la cuestión de = get to + the issue of.* tratar la posibilidad de = discuss + the possibility of.* tratar ligeramente = skim + the surface of, touch on/upon.* tratar magníficamente = do + more than justice.* tratar mal = maltreat, manhandle.* tratar muy por encima = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* tratar por todos los medios de = take + (great) pains to.* tratar por todos los medios de + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.* tratarse de = come down to, be a question of.* tratar severamente = mete out + harsh treatment.* tratar síntomas = treat + symptoms.* tratar superficialmente = gloss over, scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* tratar una cuestión = address + constraint, address + issue, address + question, consider + issue, tackle + issue, address + concern, deal with + issue, broach + issue, broach + question, grapple with + issue.* tratar una cuestión ligeramente = touch on/upon + issue.* tratar un asunto = deal with + issue.* tratar un problema = address + problem, deal with + problem, handle + problem, tackle + problem, address + limitation, grapple with + problem, treat + problem, address + concern.* tratar un problema de pasada = touch on/upon + problem.* tratar un tema = broach + subject, broach + topic, address + theme, address + topic.* tratar un tema conocido = tread + familiar ground.* tratar un tema en detalle = go into + detail.* volver a tratar = revisit.* * *1.verbo intransitivo1) ( intentar) to trytratar de + inf — to try to + inf
tratar de que + subj: trata de que queden a la misma altura try to get them level; trataré de que no vuelva a suceder — I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again
2) obra/libro/película¿de qué trata el libro? — what's the book about?
3) (tener contacto, relaciones)4) (Com)2.tratar vt1)a) <persona/animal/instrumento> (+ compl) to treatb) ( llamar)tratar a alguien de usted/tú — to address somebody using the polite usted or the more familiar tú form
2) ( frecuentar)3) <tema/asunto> to deal with4)a) <paciente/enfermedad> to treatb) <sustancia/metal> to treat3.tratarse v pron1)a)tratarse con alguien — ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with somebody; ( alternar) to socialize o mix with somebody
b) (recípr)2) (+ compl)a) (recípr)se tratan de usted/tú — they address each other as `usted'/`tu'
se tratan sin ningún respeto — they have o show no respect for each other
b) (refl) ( cuidarse)tratarse bien/mal — to look after oneself well/not to look after oneself
3) (Med) to have o undergo treatment4) tratarse de (en 3a pers)a) ( ser acerca de) to be about¿de qué se trata? — what's it about?
b) ( ser cuestión de)se trata de arreglar la situación, no de discutir — we're supposed to be settling things, not arguing
si sólo se trata de eso... — if that's all it is...
* * *tratar (con)(v.) = negotiate (with)Ex: Their purposes was to settle the disputes between the members, to negotiate with master, to accumulate and disburse a benevolent fund, and to exact contributions for drinks and parties.
= address, approach, consider (as), cover, discuss, focus on/upon, get to, go into, handle, manipulate, tackle, treat, turn to, broach, give + treatment, play with, speak to, treat, pick up on, meet.Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado y participio met.Ex: The inclusion of vendors and publishers allows everyone to address sticky business relationships head-on.
Ex: The searcher may be the end user, but the end user is approaching the search in some ignorance of his real requirements, or of the literature that might be available to meet those requirements.Ex: A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.Ex: The schedules are divided into two parts, one covering music scores and parts and the other concerned with music literature.Ex: This review also illustrates some of the issues which cataloguers have discussed over the years, and demonstrates other solutions to standards in cataloguing than those embodied in modern cataloguing codes.Ex: In a text such as this which focuses primarily upon controlled indexing languages and systems it is difficult to place natural language indexing in a appropriate context.Ex: 'I'll get to that, I promise! but right now I have a budget to work on!'.Ex: Although the description given here is quite lengthy, many points are glossed over, and the Manual goes into these and a number of others at length.Ex: An author's name is usually shorter than a title, and thus is arguably easier to handle and remember.Ex: Different stores offer access to distinct types of information or data and permit the information to be manipulated to varying extents.Ex: Chapter 2 tackles books, pamphlets and printed sheets, and chapter 3 is dedicated to cartographic materials.Ex: In troubleshooting, it is important to treat the cause as well as the symptom of the problem = En la solución de problemas, es importante tratar tanto la causa como el síntoma del problema.Ex: We shall turn to this distinction very shortly.Ex: Some of the consequences of this conclusion are broached in this article.Ex: In this five-day workshop we will play with the design and building of non-traditional interface solutions.Ex: Numerous articles in the library literature speak to this phenomenon but most deal with the experience of larger libraries.Ex: The author studies the factors which have impeded the spread of information on the use of thioctic acid to treat mushroom poisoning.Ex: The report picks up on this as a surprising finding, suggesting implicitly that open access journals are lagging behind in this regard.Ex: There may be a threat of over-capacity; if so, this could be met by diversification, an enlargement of the SLIS role.* aguas residuales sin tratar = raw sewage, raw waste water.* atreverse a tratar = dare to + tread.* como si (se tratase de) = as if.* continuar tratando = pursue + Nombre + further.* cuando se trata de + Infinitivo = when it comes to + Gerundio.* de qué se trata = what it's all about.* difícil de tratar = unruly.* empezar a tratar = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* manera de tratar = avenue of approach.* no atraverse a tratar = fear to + tread.* ponerse a tratar + Algo = get down to + Nombre.* que trata de = surrounding.* seguir tratando = discuss + further.* sin tratar = untreated.* temer tratar = fear to + tread.* tratar Algo = get down to + Nombre, be under consideration.* tratar algo en detalle = go into + Algo + at length.* tratar Algo en profundidad = go into + Algo + at length.* tratar Algo imparcialmente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.* tratar Algo justamente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.* tratar Algo sin parcialismo = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.* tratar Algo sin rodeos = address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on.* tratar Algo supercialmente = dabble in.* tratar como un objeto = objectify.* tratar como un personaje = lionise [lionize, -USA].* tratar (con) = negotiate (with).* tratar con bondad = kill + Nombre + with kindness, smother + Nombre + with kindness.* tratar con cloro = chlorinate.* tratar con condescendencia = patronise [patronize, -USA], condescend.* tratar con más detalle = discuss + in greater detail.* tratar con precaución = approach + with caution.* tratar con prudencia = treat with + caution, view with + caution.* tratar con respeto = treat with + respect.* tratar de = be about, be concerned with, deal with, take up, bear on, deal in.* tratar de abarcar más de lo que se puede = bite off more than + Pronombre + can chew.* tratar de ganar tiempo = temporise [temporize, -USA], play for + time.* tratar de igual modo = treat as + equal.* tratar de ligar = chat up.* tratar de no llamar la atención = keep + a low profile, lie + low.* tratar de pasar desapercibido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.* tratar de pasar inadvertido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.* tratar detalladamente = cover + in detail.* tratar de un modo sentimental = sentimentalise [sentimentalize, -USA].* tratar de un modo urgente = fast track.* tratar en detalle = treat + at length, discuss + at length.* tratar en profundidad = treat + in detail.* tratar específicamente = target.* tratar información = handle + information.* tratar injustamente = malign.* tratar justamente = treat + fairly.* tratar la cuestión de = get to + the issue of.* tratar la posibilidad de = discuss + the possibility of.* tratar ligeramente = skim + the surface of, touch on/upon.* tratar magníficamente = do + more than justice.* tratar mal = maltreat, manhandle.* tratar muy por encima = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* tratar por todos los medios de = take + (great) pains to.* tratar por todos los medios de + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.* tratarse de = come down to, be a question of.* tratar severamente = mete out + harsh treatment.* tratar síntomas = treat + symptoms.* tratar superficialmente = gloss over, scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* tratar una cuestión = address + constraint, address + issue, address + question, consider + issue, tackle + issue, address + concern, deal with + issue, broach + issue, broach + question, grapple with + issue.* tratar una cuestión ligeramente = touch on/upon + issue.* tratar un asunto = deal with + issue.* tratar un problema = address + problem, deal with + problem, handle + problem, tackle + problem, address + limitation, grapple with + problem, treat + problem, address + concern.* tratar un problema de pasada = touch on/upon + problem.* tratar un tema = broach + subject, broach + topic, address + theme, address + topic.* tratar un tema conocido = tread + familiar ground.* tratar un tema en detalle = go into + detail.* volver a tratar = revisit.* * *tratar [A1 ]viA (intentar) to try tratar DE + INF to try to + INFtrate de comprender try to o ( colloq) try and understandtraten de no llegar tarde try not to be latetratar DE QUE + SUBJ:trata de que queden a la misma altura try to o ( colloq) try and get them leveltrataré de que no vuelva a suceder I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen againB«obra/libro/película»: tratar DEor SOBRE algo: ¿de qué trata el libro? what's the book about?la conferencia tratará sobre medicina alternativa the lecture will deal with o will be on the subject of alternative medicine, the theme of the lecture will be alternative medicineC (tener contacto, relaciones) tratar CON algn to deal WITH sben mi trabajo trato con gente de todo tipo in my job I deal with o come into contact with all kinds of peopletratar con él no es nada fácil he's not at all easy to get on withprefiero tratar directamente con el fabricante I prefer to deal directly with the manufacturerD ( Com) tratar EN algo to deal IN sthtratar en joyas/antigüedades to deal in jewels/antiqueslos mercaderes que trataban en esclavos/pieles the merchants who dealt o traded in slaves/furs■ tratarvtA1 ‹persona/animal/instrumento› (+ compl) to treatme tratan muy bien/como si fuera de la familia they treat me very well/as if I were one of the familytrata la guitarra con más cuidado be more careful with the guitar2 (llamar) tratar a algn DE algo to call sb sth¿me estás tratando de mentiroso? are you calling me a liar?a mi suegro nunca lo he tratado de usted I've never called my father-in-law `usted'B ‹persona›(frecuentar): lo trataba cuando era joven I saw quite a lot of him when I was youngnunca lo he tratado I have never had any contact with him o any dealings with himC ‹tema/asunto›vamos a tratar primero los puntos de mayor urgencia let's deal with o discuss the more pressing issues firstno sé cómo tratar esta cuestión I don't know how to deal with o handle this matterel libro trata la Revolución Francesa desde una óptica inusual the book looks at the French Revolution from an unusual angleesto no se puede tratar delante de los niños we can't discuss this in front of the childrenD1 ‹paciente/enfermedad› to treat2 ‹sustancia/metal/madera› to treatcultivos tratados con insectidas crops treated with insecticides■ tratarseA (relacionarse, tener contacto)1 tratarse CON algn:no me gusta la gente con la que se trata I don't like the people he mixes withse trata con gente de la alta sociedad she socializes o mixes with people from high society, she moves in high circles¿tú te tratas con los Rucabado? are you friendly with the Rucabados?2 ( recípr):somos parientes pero no nos tratamos we're related but we never see each other o we never have anything to do with each otherB (+ compl)1 ( recípr):se tratan de usted/tú they address each other as `usted'/`tú'se tratan sin ningún respeto they have o show no respect for each other2 ( refl) to treat oneself¡qué mal te tratas, eh! ( iró); you don't treat yourself badly, do you?, you know how to look after yourself, don't you?C ( Med) (seguir un tratamiento) to have o undergo treatment1 (ser acerca de) to be about¿de qué se trata? what's it about?, what does it concern? ( frml)se trata de Roy it's about Roy2(ser cuestión de): se trata de arreglar la situación, no de discutir we're supposed to be settling things, not arguingsi sólo se trata de eso, hazlo pasar ahora if that's all it is o if that's all he wants, show him in nowbueno, si se trata de echarle un vistazo nada más … OK, if it's just a question of having a quick look at it …3(ser): se trata de la estrella del equipo we're talking about o he is the star of the teamtratándose de usted, no creo que haya inconvenientes since it's for you o in your case I don't think there will be any problems* * *
tratar ( conjugate tratar) verbo intransitivo
1 ( intentar) to try;
trataré de que no vuelva a suceder I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again
2 [obra/libro/película] tratar de algo to be about sth;
tratar sobre algo to deal with sth;
3 (tener contacto, relaciones) tratar con algn to deal with sb;
verbo transitivo
1 ‹persona/animal/instrumento› to treat;
2 ( frecuentar):
3 ‹tema/asunto› to discuss, to deal with
4a) (Med) to treat
tratarse verbo pronominal
1 tratarse con algn ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with sb;
( alternar) to socialize o mix with sb;
2 (+ compl) ( recípr):
3 (Med) to have o undergo treatment
4◊ tratarse de (en 3a pers)
◊ ¿de qué se trata? what's it about?
◊ se trata de participar, no de ganar it's a question of taking part, not of winning;
solo porque se trata de ti just because it's you
tratar
I verbo transitivo
1 (portarse) to treat
2 (cuidar) to look after, care: trátame el libro bien, look after my book
3 (dirigirse a una persona) address: nos tratamos de tú, we call each other "tú" o we're on first name terms
4 (considerar, llamar) me trató de tonto, he called me stupid
5 (someter a un proceso) to treat
6 (someter a tratamiento médico) to treat: le tienen que tratar la artritis, they have to treat his arthritis
7 (tener relación social) la he tratado muy poco, I don't know her very well
8 (considerar, discutir) to deal with: no hemos tratado la cuestión, we haven't discussed that subject
II verbo intransitivo 1 tratar de, (un libro, una película) to be about: ¿de qué trata?, what is it about?
2 (intentar) to try [de, to]
3 Com tratar en, to trade in o with 4 tratar con, (negociar) to negotiate with
' tratar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
censurar
- defraudar
- delicada
- delicado
- drogodependencia
- ir
- girar
- hablar
- mimar
- negociar
- tú
- confianza
- curar
- debido
- huir
- manera
- miramiento
- piel
- punto
- tocar
- trato
- usted
English:
about
- address
- associate
- bid
- clutch
- deal with
- discuss
- form
- grapple
- ground
- handle
- light
- lionise
- mistreat
- muck about
- muck around
- patronize
- peer
- push through
- rubberize
- specific
- squarely
- tactfully
- tout
- treat
- try
- try on
- victimize
- attempt
- bite
- contact
- could
- cover
- deal
- favor
- grasp
- process
- profile
- raw
- seek
- snub
- tackle
- take
- thrash
- untreated
- way
* * *♦ vt1. [portarse con, manejar] to treat;¿qué tal te trataron? how were you treated?;no la trates tan mal don't be so nasty to her;la vida no la ha tratado bien life has not been kind to her;te dejo los discos, pero trátamelos bien I'll let you borrow the records, but look after them o be careful with them for me2. [paciente, enfermedad, herida] to treat;la están tratando de cáncer, le están tratando un cáncer she's being treated for cancer;el médico que la trata the doctor who is treating her3. [tener relación con] to have dealings o contact with;era compañera de clase pero la traté muy poco she was in my class, but I didn't have much to do with her4. [llamar, dirigirse a]tratar a alguien de usted/tú = to address sb using the “usted” form/the “tú” form;no hace falta que me trates de señor there's no need to call me “sir”;tratar a alguien de tonto to call sb an idiot5. [tema, asunto] to treat;el tema que trata la obra the subject of the book;hay que tratar ese asunto con cuidado this matter needs to be dealt with carefully;eso lo tienes que tratar con el jefe that's something you'll have to discuss with the boss6. [agua, sustancia, tejido, alimento] to treat♦ vitrata de comprenderlo, por favor please try to understand;trataré de no equivocarme I'll try not to get it wrong;sólo trataba de que estuvieras más cómodo I was only trying to make you more comfortable¿de qué trata el documental? what's the documentary about o on?;la ponencia trata sobre contaminación acústica the paper is about o on noise pollutionen mi trabajo tengo que tratar con todo tipo de gente I have to deal with all sorts of people in my job;trata con gente muy rara she mixes with some very strange people;RPtratar a alguien con pinzas to handle sb with kid gloves* * *I v/t1 treat2 ( manejar) handletratar a alguien de tú address s.o. informally, use the tú form with s.o.;tratar a alguien de usted address s.o. formally, use the usted form with s.o.4 gente come into contact with5 tema deal withII v/i:1:tratar con alguien deal with s.o.2:3 COM:tratar en deal in* * *tratar vi1)tratar con : to deal with, to have contact withno trato mucho con los clientes: I don't have much contact with customers2)tratar de : to try toestoy tratando de comer: I am trying to eat3)tratar de ortratar sobre : to be about, to concernel libro trata de las plantas: the book is about plants4)tratar en : to deal intrata en herramientas: he deals in toolstratar vt1) : to treattratan bien a sus empleados: they treat their employees well2) : to handletrató el tema con delicadeza: he handled the subject tactfully* * *tratar vb1. (en general) to treat3. (hablar) to discuss4. (referirse) to be about -
103 punto
m.1 spot, dot (marca).recorte por la línea de puntos cut along the dotted line2 full stop (British), period (United States).dos puntos (sobre i, j, en dirección de correo electrónico) colonpunto y coma semicolonpuntos suspensivos (no new paragraph) dots, suspension points3 point.ganar/perder por seis puntos to win/lose by six points4 point (asunto).punto débil/fuerte weak/strong pointpuntos a tratar matters to be discussedpunto de vista point of view, viewpoint5 spot, place (place).este es el punto exacto donde ocurrió todo this is the exact spot where it all happenedpunto de contacto point of contactpunto de encuentro meeting point6 point, moment (momento).llegar a un punto en que… to reach the stage where…estando las cosas en este punto things being as they arepunto culminante high pointpunto de ebullición/fusión boiling/melting pointpunto de inflexión turning pointpunto de partida starting point7 stitch (puntada).punto de cruz cross-stitch8 knitting.hacer punto to knitun jersey de punto a knitted jumperpunto de ganchillo crochet9 period, full stop.10 guy.11 pixel.12 punctus, punctum.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: puntar.* * *1 (gen) point2 (marca) dot3 (tanto) point4 (detrás de abreviatura) dot; (al final de la oración) full stop, US period5 (lugar) spot■ ¿en qué punto de la carretera se encuentran? exactly where on the road are they?6 (tema) point7 (tejido) knitwear8 (en costura, sutura) stitch9 (de libro) bookmark10 (en la media) ladder, US run\a punto de nieve stiffal punto (rápidamente) immediatelycoger un punto familiar to get tipsy, get merrycon puntos y comas in detaildar en el punto to hit the nail on the headde todo punto absolutelyen punto sharp, on the dotestar a punto to be readyestar a punto de to be about to, be on the point ofestar en su punto (comida) to be cooked to perfectionganar puntos to win pointsganar por puntos to win on pointshacer punto to knithasta cierto punto up to a certain pointhasta tal punto que... to such an extent that...llegar a punto to arrive on timeponer los puntos sobre las íes to dot one's i's and cross one's t'sponer punto final a algo to put an end to something¡punto en boca! mum's the word!punto por punto in detaildos puntos colonpunto cadena chain stitchpunto cardinal cardinal pointpunto culminante climaxpunto de arranque beginningpunto de break break pointpunto de congelación freezing pointpunto de contacto point of contactpunto de cruz cross-stitchpunto de ebullición boiling pointpunto de encuentro meeting pointpunto de fusión melting pointpunto de libro bookmarkpunto de media stocking stitchpunto de partida starting pointpunto de partido match pointpunto de referencia point of referencepunto de ruptura break pointpunto de servicio service pointpunto de set set pointpunto de sutura stitchpunto de venta sales outletpunto de vista point of viewpunto débil weak pointpunto decimal decimal pointpunto del revés purl stitchpunto final (en dictado) full stop, US periodpunto flaco weak pointpunto fuerte strong pointpunto neurálgico nerve centrepunto y aparte (en ortografía) full stop, new paragraph, US period, new paragraphpunto y coma semicolonpunto y seguido full stop, new sentence, US period, new sentence* * *noun m.1) point2) dot3) period4) stitch•- punto final
- punto y coma* * *SM1) (=topo) [en un diseño] dot, spot; [en plumaje] spot, speckle; [en carta, dominó] spot, pippunto negro — (=espinilla) blackhead
2) (=signo) [en la i] dot; [de puntuación] full stop, period (EEUU)•
dos puntos — colonles contó con puntos y comas lo que había pasado — she told them what had happened down to the last detail
le puso los puntos sobre las íes — she corrected him, she drew attention to his inaccuracies
y punto —
¡lo digo yo y punto! — I'm telling you so and that's that!
punto acápite — LAm [en dictado] full stop, new paragraph, period, new paragraph (EEUU)
punto final — full stop, period (EEUU); (fig) end
poner punto final a la discusión — to put an end to the argument, draw a line under the argument
puntos suspensivos — [gen] suspension points; [en dictado] dot, dot, dot
punto y aparte — [en dictado] full stop, new paragraph, period, new paragraph (EEUU)
esto marca un punto y aparte en la historia del teatro — this marks a break with tradition o the past in the theatre
este es un vino punto y aparte — this is an uncommonly good o exceptional wine
punto y seguido — [en dictado] full stop (no new paragraph), period (no new paragraph) (EEUU)
3) (Dep) pointganar o vencer por puntos — to win on points
- perder muchos puntos¡qué punto te has marcado con lo que has dicho! — * what you said was spot-on *
4) (=tema) [gen] point; [en programa de actividades] itemlos puntos en el orden del día son... — the items on the agenda are...
5) (=labor) knitting; (=tejido) knitted fabric, knit•
hacer punto — to knit6) (Cos, Med) (=puntada) stitch; [de media] loose stitchpunto de costado — (=dolor) stitch
tengo un punto de costado — I've got a stitch, I've got a pain in my side
7) (=lugar) [gen] spot, place; (Geog, Mat) point; [de proceso] point, stage; [en el tiempo] point, momental llegar a este punto — at this point o stage
punto ciego — (Anat) blind spot
punto de asistencia — (Aut) checkpoint
punto débil — weak point o spot
punto de equilibrio — (Com) break-even point
punto de mira — [de rifle] sight; (=objetivo) aim, objective; (=punto de vista) point of view
estar en el punto de mira de algn —
su comportamiento está en el punto de mira de la prensa — his behaviour has come under scrutiny in the press
punto de taxis — taxi stand, cab rank
está presente en 3.000 puntos de venta — it's available at 3,000 outlets
punto de vista — point of view, viewpoint
él lo mira desde otro punto de vista — he sees it differently, he looks at it from another point of view
punto flaco — weak point, weak spot
punto muerto — (Mec) dead centre; (Aut) neutral (gear); (=estancamiento) deadlock, stalemate
las negociaciones están en un punto muerto — the negotiations are deadlocked, the talks have reached a stalemate
punto negro — (Aut) (accident) black spot; (fig) blemish
punto neurálgico — (Anat) nerve centre o (EEUU) center; (fig) key point
punto neutro — (Mec) dead centre; (Aut) neutral (gear)
8) [otras locuciones]•
a punto — ready•
al punto — at once, immediatelyestar al punto — LAm * to be high **
•
bajar de punto — to decline, fall off, fall away•
a punto de, a punto de caramelo — caramelizedbatir las claras a punto de nieve — beat the egg whites until stiff o until they form stiff peaks
estar a punto de hacer algo — to be on the point of doing sth, be about to do sth
•
en punto, a las siete en punto — at seven o'clock sharp o on the dot•
hasta cierto punto — up to a point, to some extenthasta tal punto que... — to such an extent that...
la tensión había llegado hasta tal punto que... — the tension had reached such a pitch that...
si me da el punto, voy — if I feel like it, I'll go
9) Esp * (=hombre) guy *; pey rogue¡vaya un punto!, ¡está hecho un punto filipino! — he's a right rogue! *
10) (=agujero) hole11) (Inform) pixel* * *1)a) (señal, trazo) dotun punto en el horizonte — a dot o speck on the horizon
b) (Ling) (sobre la `i', la `j') dot; ( signo de puntuación) period (AmE), full stop (BrE)a punto fijo — exactly, for certain
... y punto: lo harás y punto you'll do it and that's that; poner los puntos sobre las íes — ( aclarar algo) to make something crystal clear; ( detallar algo) to dot the i's and cross the t's; dos I
2)a) (momento, lugar) pointel punto donde ocurrió el accidente — the spot o place where the accident happened
b) ( en geometría) point3) ( grado) point, extenthasta cierto punto tiene razón — she's right, up to a point
hasta tal punto que... — so much so that...
4) (asunto, aspecto) pointlos puntos a tratar en la reunión — the matters o items on the agenda for the meeting
5) (en locs)a punto DE + INF: estábamos a punto de cenar we were about to have dinner; estuvo a punto de caerse he almost fell over; a punto de llorar on the verge of tears; en su punto just right; al punto (Esp) at once; en punto: te espero a las 12 en punto I'll expect you at 12 o'clock sharp; son las tres en punto it's exactly three o'clock; llegaron en punto they arrived exactly on time; de todo punto — absolutely, totally
6)a) (en costura, labores) stitchhacer punto — (Esp) to knit
punto en boca — (fam)
tú punto en boca — keep your mouth shut
b) ( en cirugía) tb7) (Dep, Jueg) point; (Educ) point, mark; (Fin) pointtiene dos punto de ventaja sobre Clark — he is two points ahead of Clark, he has a two point advantage over Clark
matarle el punto a alguien — (CS fam) to go one better than somebody
8) (Per, RPl arg) ( tonto) idiotagarrar or tomar a alguien de punto — (Per, RPl arg)
lo agarraron de punto — ( burlándose de él) they made him the butt of their jokes; ( aprovechándose de él) they took him for a ride
* * *1)a) (señal, trazo) dotun punto en el horizonte — a dot o speck on the horizon
b) (Ling) (sobre la `i', la `j') dot; ( signo de puntuación) period (AmE), full stop (BrE)a punto fijo — exactly, for certain
... y punto: lo harás y punto you'll do it and that's that; poner los puntos sobre las íes — ( aclarar algo) to make something crystal clear; ( detallar algo) to dot the i's and cross the t's; dos I
2)a) (momento, lugar) pointel punto donde ocurrió el accidente — the spot o place where the accident happened
b) ( en geometría) point3) ( grado) point, extenthasta cierto punto tiene razón — she's right, up to a point
hasta tal punto que... — so much so that...
4) (asunto, aspecto) pointlos puntos a tratar en la reunión — the matters o items on the agenda for the meeting
5) (en locs)a punto DE + INF: estábamos a punto de cenar we were about to have dinner; estuvo a punto de caerse he almost fell over; a punto de llorar on the verge of tears; en su punto just right; al punto (Esp) at once; en punto: te espero a las 12 en punto I'll expect you at 12 o'clock sharp; son las tres en punto it's exactly three o'clock; llegaron en punto they arrived exactly on time; de todo punto — absolutely, totally
6)a) (en costura, labores) stitchhacer punto — (Esp) to knit
punto en boca — (fam)
tú punto en boca — keep your mouth shut
b) ( en cirugía) tb7) (Dep, Jueg) point; (Educ) point, mark; (Fin) pointtiene dos punto de ventaja sobre Clark — he is two points ahead of Clark, he has a two point advantage over Clark
matarle el punto a alguien — (CS fam) to go one better than somebody
8) (Per, RPl arg) ( tonto) idiotagarrar or tomar a alguien de punto — (Per, RPl arg)
lo agarraron de punto — ( burlándose de él) they made him the butt of their jokes; ( aprovechándose de él) they took him for a ride
* * *punto11 = point, pointer.Ex: Parts of the abstract are written in the informative style, whilst those points which are of less significance are treated indicatively.
Ex: Seven pointers follow which are useful for discriminating between documents to be abstracted and those not worth abstracting.* aclarar un punto = clarify + point.* adoptar un punto de vista = embrace + view.* analizar desde un punto de vista crítico = cast + a critical eye over.* argumento que presenta los dos puntos de vista = two-sided argument.* argumento que presenta sólo un punto de vista = one-sided argument.* comprender un punto de vista = take + point.* desde cualquier punto de vista = by any standard(s).* desde el punto de vista de la nutrición = in terms of, from the vantage of, as far as + Nombre + be + concerned, mitotically, nutritionally speaking, nutritionally.* desde el punto de vista del trabajador = in the trenches.* desde el punto de vista de la archivística = archivally.* desde el punto de vista de la calidad = on quality grounds.* desde el punto de vista de la competitividad = competitively.* desde el punto de vista de la conservación = preservationally.* desde el punto de vista de la funcionalidad = functionally.* desde el punto de vista de la informática = computationally.* desde el punto de vista de la logística = logistically.* desde el punto de vista de la medicina = medically.* desde el punto de vista de la música = musically.* desde el punto de vista de la notación = notationally.* desde el punto de vista de la química = chemically.* desde el punto de vista de la realidad = factually.* desde el punto de vista de las matemáticas = mathematically.* desde el punto de vista de la tonalidad = tonally.* desde el punto de vista del contexto = contextually.* desde el punto de vista del estilo = stylistically.* desde el punto de vista del funcionamiento = operationally.* desde el punto de vista del + Nombre = as seen through the eyes of + Nombre.* desde el punto de vista de los hechos = factually.* desde el punto de vista del uso = in terms of use.* desde el punto de vista de + Nombre = in + Nombre + eyes.* desde el punto de vista judicial = judicially.* desde el punto de vista lingüístico = linguistically.* desde el punto de vista político = politically.* desde el punto de vista profesional = career-wise [careerwise].* desde este punto de vista = viewed in this light.* desde mi punto de vista = in my opinion, in my view, in my books.* desde + punto de vista = against + backdrop.* desde todos los puntos de vista = in every sense.* desde un punto de vista académico = academically.* desde un punto de vista antropológico = anthropologically.* desde un punto de vista clínico = medically, clinically.* desde un punto de vista crítico = judgmentally [judgementally], with a critical eye, critically.* desde un punto de vista cultural = culturally.* desde un punto de vista económico = economically, monetarily.* desde un punto de vista estético = aesthetically [esthetically, -USA].* desde un punto de vista estrictamente técnico = technically speaking.* desde un punto de vista étnico = ethnically.* desde un punto de vista filosófico = philosophically.* desde un punto de vista general = in a broad sense.* desde un punto de vista histórico = historically.* desde un punto de vista más amplio = in a broader sense.* desde un punto de vista más general = in a broader sense.* desde un punto de vista médico = medically.* desde un punto de vista medioambiental = environmentally.* desde un punto de vista morfológico = morphologically.* desde un punto de vista operativo = operationally.* desde un punto de vista racista = racially + Adjetivo.* desde un punto de vista religioso = religiously.* desde un punto de vista socioeconómico = socioeconomically.* desde un punto de vista técnico = technically.* fiel desde el punto de vista de la historia = historically accurate.* manifestar un punto de vista = air + view.* mencionar un punto = touch on + a point.* mi punto de vista = in my view.* neutral desde el punto de vista de la raza = race-neutral.* no concebirse desde ningún punto de vista = be impossible under any hypothesis.* probar un punto = prove + point.* promover un punto de vista = promote + view.* punto a favor = asset.* punto conflictivo = hot spot.* punto de la agenda = agenda item.* punto del orden del día = agenda item.* punto de una agenda = item of business.* punto de vista = angle, point of view, side, stance, standpoint, view, viewpoint, outlook, eye, world view [worldview/world-view], bent of mind.* punto principal = main point.* puntos a favor y puntos en contra = pros and cons.* puntos comunes = common ground.* puntos principales = key issues.* puntos secundarios = secondary points.* que consta de tres puntos = three-point.* sostener un punto de vista = assert + view, hold + point of view.* tener en cuenta un punto de vista = contemplate + view.* tener en cuenta un punto de vista = take into + account + viewpoint.* tocar un punto = touch on + a point.* ver Algo desde el punto de vista + Adjetivo = view + Nombre + through + Adjetivo + eyes.punto22 = bullet point.Ex: Readers like bullet points because they are visually appealing and make it easy to quickly find pertinent information.
* alcanzar el punto crítico = come to + a head.* alcanzar el punto culminante = climax.* alcanzar el punto más álgido = peak, come into + full bloom.* alcanzar + Posesivo + punto álgido = reach + Posesivo + peak.* a punto de = on the verge of, a heartbeat away from.* a punto de + Infinitivo = about to + Infinitivo.* a punto de irse a pique = on the rocks.* a punto de morir = on + Posesivo + deathbed.* el punto más bajo = rock-bottom.* encontrar el punto medio = strike + the right note.* en qué punto = at what point.* en su punto = ripe [riper -comp., ripest -sup.].* en su punto más álgido = at its height.* en su punto más bajo = at its lowest ebb.* en un punto bajo = at a low ebb.* estar a punto de = be poised to, be about to, be on the point of, stand + poised, come + very close to.* estar a punto de cascarlas = be on + Posesivo + last legs.* estar a punto de decir = be on the tip of + Posesivo + tongue to say.* estar a punto de + Infinitivo = be about + Infinitivo.* fichero de punto de acceso = access-point file.* hasta cierto punto = up to a point, to some degree, to some extent.* hasta el punto de = to the point of, up to the point of.* hasta el punto que = up to the point where, to the point where.* hasta qué punto = how far, the extent to which, to what extent.* hasta tal punto + Adjetivo = such a + Nombre.* hasta tal punto que = to a point where.* hasta un punto limitado = to a limited extent.* las cosas + volver + a su punto de partida = the wheel + turn + full circle.* llegado este punto = at this juncture.* llegado un punto = beyond a certain point, beyond a point.* llegar al punto álgido = reach + a head.* llegar al punto crítico = come to + a head.* llegar al punto de = be at the point of.* llegar al punto de + Infinitivo = go + (as/so) far as + Infinitivo.* llegar a un punto crítico = reach + turning point.* no tener ni punto de comparación = be in a different league.* pasado un punto = beyond a certain point, beyond a point.* poner a punto = overhaul, hone, fine tune [fine-tune], tune-up.* primer punto de contacto = port of first call.* primer punto de contacto, el = first port of call, the.* puesta a punto = fine tuning [fine-tuning], tuning, tune-up.* punto álgido = peak.* punto a punto = point-to-point.* punto central = focal point.* punto ciego = blind spot.* punto clave = key point, watershed, tipping point.* punto crítico = turning point, Posesivo + road to Damascus.* punto culminante = zenith, climax, peak, capstone.* punto de acceso = access point, entry point, entry term, index entry, retrieval access, search key, access point, service point, point of access, entrance point.* punto de apoyo = foothold.* punto débil = downside, weak point, weak link.* punto débil, el = chink in the armour, the.* punto débl = blind spot.* punto de contacto = point of contact, interface, contact point.* punto de convergencia = junction point, similarity.* punto de discusión = bone of contention.* punto de distribución = outlet.* punto de divergencia = stepping-off point.* punto de división = break.* punto de encuentro = meeting point.* punto de entrada = entry point, entrance point, point of entry.* punto de equilibrio = break-even, break-even point.* punto de información = information kiosk.* punto de interés = point of interest.* punto de llegada = point of arrival.* punto de luz = power point, electrical outlet, socket outlet, outlet.* punto de partida = point of departure, starting point, take-off point, baseline [base line], beginning point.* punto de penalti, el = penalty mark, the.* punto de recepción y envío = shipping point.* punto de recogida = pick-up point, drop-off point.* punto de referencia = benchmark, frame of reference, signpost, signposting, point of reference, anchor, anchor point, referral point, switching point, reference point, reference point.* punto de referencia común = common framework.* punto de ruptura = breaking point.* punto de separación = cut-off point, stepping-off point, cut off [cutoff].* punto de servicio = service point.* punto de una lista = bullet point.* punto de venta = outlet, point of sale.* punto esencial = essential point.* punto final = end point [endpoint].* punto flaco = foible, weak point, blind spot, weak link.* punto flaco, el = chink in the armour, the.* punto fuerte = strength, upside, forte, strong point.* punto g, el = G-spot, the.* punto intermedio = middle ground.* punto medio = happy medium, mid-point.* punto muerto = dead end, impasse, stalemate, dead end street, deadlock, standoff.* punto negro = blackhead.* punto positivo = asset.* puntos de acceso = entry vocabulary.* punto silla = saddle point.* ser el punto de partida de = form + the basis of.* ser el punto más débil de Alguien = be at + Posesivo + weakest.* ser el punto más flaco de Alguien = be at + Posesivo + weakest.* servir de punto de partida = point + the way to.* tomar como punto de partida = build on/upon.* volver al punto de partida = come + full circle, bring + Pronombre + full-circle, go back to + square one, be back to square one.punto33 = dot, full stop (.), period, stop.Ex: Braille is the term used to refer to material intended for the visually impaired and using embossed characters formed by raised dots in six-dot cells.
Ex: You have observed the correct use of the facet indicators. (full stop) for S and ' (single inverted comma) for T.Ex: Such as categorisation may depend rather arbitrarily upon whether stops have been used between letters or not.* arco de medio punto = round arch.* arco de punto rebajado = segmental arch.* dos puntos (:) = colon (:).* dpi (puntos por pulgada) = dpi (dots per inch).* en el punto de mira = in the spotlight, in the crosshairs.* en + Posesivo + punto de mira = in + Posesivo + sights.* línea de puntos = dotted line.* matriz de puntos de impacto = impact dot matrix.* nube de puntos = scatterplot, cloud of points.* poner punto final a = put + an end to, bring + an end to, bring to + an end, close + the book on.* poner punto y final a = put + a stop to, sound + the death knell for.* punto (.) = point (.).* puntos por pulgada = dots per inch.* punto y coma (;) = semi-colon (;).* subrayar con puntos = underdot.punto44 = point.Ex: Taking 197 as the base year, the price index of journals for an academic veterinary library has risen 143.00 points, an annual average of 15.89 points through 1986.
* alcanzar el punto de ebullición = reach + boiling point.* punto de ebullición = boiling point.* punto de fundición = melting point.* punto de fusión = melting point, fusion point.* punto de saturación = saturation point.* punto porcentual = percentage point.* sistema de deducción de puntos = points system.punto55 = stitch.Ex: It may be seen that one or more pairs of leaves, joined to each other at the back, are held in place by a double stitch of thread running up the fold.
* aguja de hacer punto = knitting needle.* géneros de punto = knitwear.* hacer punto = knitting.* patrón de hacer punto = knitting pattern.* ¡punto en boca! = mum's the word!.* ¡punto en boca! = not a word to anyone!, shut your mouth!, shut your face!.* * *A1 (señal, trazo) dotdesde el avión la ciudad se veía como un conjunto de puntos luminosos from the plane the city looked like a cluster of pinpoints of light o of bright dotsel barco no era más que un punto en el horizonte the boat was no more than a dot o speck on the horizona punto fijo exactly, for certainno le sabría decir a punto fijo cuándo llegan I couldn't tell you exactly o for certain when they will be arriving… y punto: si te parece mal se lo dices y punto if you don't like it you just tell him, that's all there is to itlo harás como yo digo y punto you'll do it the way I tell you and that's that, you'll do it the way I tell you, period ( AmE) o ( BrE) full stopponer los puntos sobre las íes (dejar algo en claro) to make sth crystal clear; (terminar algo con mucho cuidado) to dot the i's and cross the t'ssin faltar un punto ni una coma down to the last detailCompuestos:[ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ] decimal pointponer punto final a algo to end sthdecidió poner punto final a sus relaciones he decided to end their relationshipsemicolonB1 (momento) pointen ese punto de la conversación at that point in the conversationsu popularidad alcanzó su punto más bajo his popularity reached its lowest ebb o point2 (lugar) point; (en geometría) pointfijó la mirada en un punto lejano del horizonte she fixed her gaze on a distant point on the horizonestán buscando un local en un punto céntrico they are looking for premises somewhere centralen el punto en que la carretera se divide at the point where the road dividesel punto donde ocurrió el accidente the spot o place where the accident happenedCompuestos:crucial moment o pointcardinal pointblind spotcritical pointhigh point(para una palanca) fulcrumno hay ningún punto de apoyo para la escalera there is nowhere to lean the ladderconstituía el punto de apoyo de su defensa it formed the cornerstone of his defenseweak pointa punto de caramelo ‹almíbar› caramelized(en su mejor momento) ( fam): este queso está a punto de caramelo this cheese is just right (for eating)yo no lo encuentro viejo, para mí está a punto de caramelo I don't think he's old, if you ask me he's in his prime o he's just rightla situación está a punto de caramelo para otro golpe militar the situation is ripe for another military coupfreezing pointpoint of contactel movimiento tiene muchos puntos de contacto con el surrealismo the movement has a lot in common with surrealismcheckpointboiling pointvanishing pointmelting pointpoint of inflexion ( on a curve)( Inf) breakpoint( Esp) bookmark(de un rifle) front sight; (blanco) target; (objetivo) aim, objective; (punto de vista) point of viewbatir las claras a punto de nieve beat the egg whites until they form stiff peakspoint of no return(sitio) starting point; (de un proceso, razonamiento) starting pointesta dramática escalada tiene un claro punto de partida en los sucesos del mes pasado this dramatic escalation clearly has its origins in the events of last month● punto de penalty or penaltipenalty spotreference pointmeeting place, assembly pointpoint of sale, outlet, sales outletunique selling pointdesde un punto de vista técnico from a technical viewpoint, from a technical point of viewtodos conocen mi punto de vista sobre este asunto you all know my views on this matterestá en punto fijo toda la noche he is on guard duty all nightweak pointhabrá que esperar a que las cosas lleguen a su punto medio we'll have to wait until things sort themselves outhay que buscar el punto medio entre las dos cosas you have to strike a balance between the two thingslas conversaciones han llegado a un punto muerto the talks have reached deadlock o stalemateel proceso está en punto muerto the process is deadlocked(en la carretera) black spot; (en la piel) blackhead( Anat) nerve center*; (de una organización, un sistema) nerve center*un accidente en uno de los puntos neurálgicos de la ciudad an accident at one of the busiest spots o points in the cityuno de los puntos neurálgicos de la economía one of the key elements of the economyC (grado) point, extenthasta cierto punto tiene razón she's right, up to a pointhasta cierto punto me alegro de que se vaya to a certain extent o in a way I'm glad she's goingclaro que fue atento y amable, hasta tal punto que llegó a resultarnos pesado of course he was attentive and kind, so much so that it got a bit much for usD (asunto, aspecto) pointen ese punto no estoy de acuerdo contigo I don't agree with you on that pointlos puntos a tratar en la reunión de hoy the matters o items on the agenda for today's meetinghay algunos puntos de coincidencia entre los dos enfoques the two approaches have some points in commonanalizamos la propuesta punto por punto we analyzed the proposal point by pointE ( en locs):a punto (a tiempo) just in time( Coc) en su puntohas llegado a punto para ayudarme you've arrived just in time to help mea punto DE + INF:estábamos a punto de cenar cuando llamaste we were about to have dinner when you phonedestuvo a punto de matarse en el accidente he was nearly killed in the accident, he came within an inch of being killed in the accidentestaba a punto de decírmelo cuando tú entraste she was on the point of telling me o she was about to tell me when you came inse notaba que estaba a punto de llorar you could see she was on the verge of tearsen su punto just rightel arroz está en su punto the rice is just rightla carne estaba en su punto the meat was done to a turnen punto: te espero a las 12 en punto I'll expect you at 12 o'clock sharpson las tres en punto it's exactly three o'clockllegaron en punto they arrived exactly on time, they arrived on the dot o dead on time ( colloq)de todo punto absolutely, totallyeso es de todo punto inaceptable that is totally o completely unacceptablese negaba de todo punto a hacerlo she absolutely o flatly refused to do itF1 (en costura) stitchpunto en boca ( fam): y ya saben, diga lo que diga él, nosotros punto en boca and remember, whatever he says, we keep our mouths shut2 (en cirugía) tbpunto de sutura stitchle tuvieron que poner puntos she had to have stitches3 (en labores) stitchse me ha escapado un punto I've dropped a stitchartículos de punto knitwearhacer punto ( Esp); to knitCompuestos:backstitchchain stitchherringbone stitchcross-stitchherringbone stitchplain stitchpurl stitchstocking stitchrib, ribbingstocking stitchgarter stitchshadow stitchGvenció por puntos he won on pointstiene dos punto de ventaja sobre Clark he is two points ahead of Clark, he has a two point advantage over Clarkpierdes dos puntos por cada falta de ortografía you lose two marks o points for every spelling mistakeanotarse/marcarse un punto ( fam): la paella está exquisita, te has anotado un punto ten out of ten o ( BrE) full marks for the paella, it's delicioussubir de punto «ira/admiración» to grow;«discusión» to heat up, grow heated2 ( Fin) pointCompuestos:● punto de or para partidomatch pointbreak point● punto de or para setset pointpercentage pointH(poco, pizca): es orgulloso, con un punto de bravuconería he's proud, with just a touch o hint of boastfulness about himIagarrar or tomar a algn de punto (Per, RPl arg): lo han agarrado de punto (burlándose de él) they've made him the butt of their jokes; (aprovechándose de él) they've taken him for a ride ( colloq)la profesora me ha agarrado de punto the teacher has it in for me ( colloq)* * *
punto sustantivo masculino
1
( signo de puntuación) period (AmE), full stop (BrE);
punto final period (AmE), full stop (BrE);
puntos suspensivos ellipsis (tech), suspension points (pl) (AmE), dot, dot, dot;
punto y aparte period (AmE) o (BrE) full stop, new paragraph;
punto y coma semicolon;
punto com (Com, Inf) dot.com;
a punto fijo exactly, for certain;
… y punto … and that's that, … period (AmE);
See Also→ dos
2
el punto donde ocurrió el accidente the spot o place where the accident happened;
punto cardinal cardinal point ;
punto ciego blind spot;
punto de apoyo ( de palanca) fulcrum;
no hay ningún punto de apoyo para la escalera there is nowhere to lean the ladder;
punto de vista ( perspectiva) viewpoint, point of view;
( opinión) views;◊ punto flaco/fuerte weak/strong point;
punto muerto (Auto) neutral;
( en negociaciones) deadlock
3 ( grado) point, extent;◊ hasta cierto punto tiene razón she's right, up to a point;
hasta tal punto que … so much so that …
4 (asunto, aspecto) point;
los puntos a tratar en la reunión the matters o items on the agenda for the meeting
5 ( en locs)
estábamos a punto de cenar we were about to have dinner;
estuvo a punto de caerse he almost fell over;
batir las claras a punto de nieve beat the egg whites until they form stiff peaks;
en su punto just right;
en punto: a las 12 en punto at 12 o'clock sharp;
son las tres en punto it's exactly three o'clock;
llegaron en punto they arrived exactly on time
6
hacer punto (Esp) to knit;
punto (de) cruz cross-stitch
7 ( unidad)a) Dep, Jueg) point;◊ punto para partido/set (Méx) match/set point
(Fin) point
punto sustantivo masculino
1 point
punto de vista, point of view
punto flaco, weak point
punto muerto, (situación sin salida) deadlock, Auto neutral
2 (lugar) place, point: está perdido en algún punto de Marruecos, it's way out somewhere in Morocco
3 (pintado, dibujado) dot
línea de puntos, dotted line
4 (en una competición) point: le dieron tres puntos a Irlanda, Ireland scored three points
5 (en un examen) mark: la pregunta vale dos puntos, the question is worth two marks
6 Cost Med stitch: se le infectó un punto, one of the stitches became infected
7 (grado, medida) point: hasta cierto punto, to a certain extent
8 Ling full stop
dos puntos, colon
punto y aparte, full stop, new paragraph
punto y coma, semicolon
puntos suspensivos, dots
♦ Locuciones: hacer punto, to knit
a punto, ready
a punto de, on the point of
en punto, sharp, on the dot: a las seis en punto, at six o'clock sharp
Culin en su punto, just right
' punto' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
álgida
- álgido
- aparte
- borde
- cadeneta
- caer
- caramelo
- cardinal
- cerca
- cierta
- cierto
- coincidir
- coma
- concretar
- culminante
- cúspide
- débil
- desde
- distanciarse
- ebullición
- Ecuador
- este
- extrema
- extremo
- flaca
- flaco
- fuerte
- luminosa
- luminoso
- mareada
- mareado
- media
- medio
- muerta
- muerto
- nivel
- novedosa
- novedoso
- para
- puesta
- referencia
- regresar
- relativamente
- respetable
- sazón
- sesgar
- talón
- tanta
- tanto
- tomate
English:
about
- angle
- aspect
- bankrupt
- benchmark
- blackhead
- boiling point
- cardigan
- certain
- chink
- circle
- climax
- close
- cluster
- coast
- conclude
- contention
- cottage industry
- crop up
- cross-stitch
- crossroads
- crunch
- culmination
- cut-off
- deadlock
- degree
- dot
- essential
- extent
- eye
- failing
- feature
- focal point
- follow through
- foothold
- forthcoming
- freezing point
- full stop
- head
- height
- high
- impasse
- interface
- item
- just
- knit
- knitting
- knitting needle
- knitwear
- labour
* * *♦ nm1. [marca] dot, spot;[en geometría] point;recorte por la línea de puntos cut along the dotted linepunto de fuga vanishing point2. [signo ortográfico] [al final de frase] Br full stop, US period;[sobre i, j, en dirección de correo electrónico] dot;dos puntos colon;Famno vas a ir, y punto you're not going, and that's that;poner los puntos sobre las íes to dot the i's and cross the t'sBol, Perú punto acápite semicolon;punto y coma semicolon;poner punto final a algo to bring sth to an end;puntos suspensivos suspension points3. [unidad] [en juegos, competiciones, exámenes, bolsa] point;ganar/perder por seis puntos to win/lose by six points;ganar por puntos [en boxeo] to win on points;el índice Dow Jones ha subido seis puntos the Dow Jones index is up six points;los tipos de interés bajarán un punto interest rates will go down by one (percentage) pointpunto de break break point;punto de juego game point;punto de partido match point;punto porcentual percentage point;punto de set set point4. [asunto, parte] point;pasemos al siguiente punto let's move on to the next point;te lo explicaré punto por punto I'll explain it to you point by point;tenemos los siguientes puntos a tratar we have the following items on the agendapunto débil weak point;punto fuerte strong point5. [lugar] spot, place;éste es el punto exacto donde ocurrió todo this is the exact spot where it all happened;hay retenciones en varios puntos de la provincia there are delays at several different points across the provincepunto de apoyo [en palanca] fulcrum; Ling punto de articulación point of articulation;los puntos cardinales the points of the compass, Espec the cardinal points;punto ciego [en el ojo] blind spot;punto de encuentro meeting point;Dep punto fatídico penalty spot;punto G g-spot;punto de inflexión tipping point;punto de mira [en armas] sight;está en mi punto de mira [es mi objetivo] I have it in my sights;punto negro [en la piel] blackhead;[en carretera] accident Br blackspot o US hot spot;punto neurálgico [de ser vivo, organismo] nerve centre;la plaza mayor es el punto neurálgico de la ciudad the main square is the town's busiest crossroads;éste es el punto neurálgico de la negociación this is the central issue at stake in the negotiations;punto de partida starting point;punto de referencia point of reference;punto de reunión meeting point;Com punto de venta:en el punto de venta at the point of sale;tenemos puntos de venta en todo el país we have (sales) outlets across the country;punto de venta autorizado authorized dealer;punto de venta electrónico electronic point of sale;punto de vista point of view, viewpoint;bajo mi punto de vista… in my view…;desde el punto de vista del dinero… in terms of money…6. [momento] point, moment;lo dejamos en este punto del debate y seguimos tras la publicidad we'll have to leave the discussion here for the moment, we'll be back after the break;al punto at once, there and then;en punto exactly, on the dot;a las seis en punto at six o'clock on the dot, at six o'clock sharp;son las seis en punto it's (exactly) six o'clock;estar a punto to be ready;estuve a punto de cancelar el viaje I was on the point of cancelling the trip;estamos a punto de firmar un importante contrato we are on the verge o point of signing an important contract;estaba a punto de salir cuando… I was about to leave when…;estuvo a punto de morir ahogada she almost drowned;llegar a punto (para hacer algo) to arrive just in time (to do sth)punto crítico critical moment o point; [de reactor] critical point;alcanzar el punto crítico [reactor] to go critical7. [estado, fase] state, condition;estando las cosas en este punto things being as they are;llegar a un punto en que… to reach the stage where…;estar en su punto to be just right;poner a punto [motor] to tune;Fig [sistema, método] to fine-tune punto de congelación freezing point;punto culminante high point;punto de ebullición boiling point;punto de fusión melting point;punto muerto [en automóviles] neutral;Fig [en negociaciones] deadlock;estar en un punto muerto [negociaciones] to be deadlocked;ir en punto muerto [automóvil] to freewheel;punto de nieve: [m5] batir a punto de nieve to beat until stiff8. [grado] degree;de todo punto [completamente] absolutely;hasta cierto punto to some extent, up to a point;el ruido era infernal, hasta el punto de no oír nada o [m5] de que no se oía nada the noise was so bad that you couldn't hear a thing;hasta tal punto que to such an extent that9. [cláusula] clause10. [puntada] [en costura, en cirugía] stitch;[en unas medias] hole;tienes o [m5] se te ha escapado un punto en el jersey you've pulled a stitch out of your jumper, you've got a loose stitch on your jumper;le dieron diez puntos en la frente he had to have ten stitches to his forehead;coger puntos to pick up stitchespunto atrás backstitch;punto de cadeneta chain stitch;punto de cruz cross-stitch;punto del revés purl;Med punto de sutura suture11. [estilo de tejer] knitting;un jersey de punto a knitted sweater;prendas de punto knitwear;hacer punto to knitpunto de ganchillo crochet12. [pizca, toque] touch;son comentarios un punto racistas they are somewhat racist remarks15. Esp Fam [reacción, estado de ánimo]le dan unos puntos muy raros he can be really weird sometimes;le dio el punto generoso he had a fit of generosity17. CompRP Famagarrar a alguien de punto to tease sb, Br to take the mickey out of sb♦ punto com nf[empresa] dotcom* * *m1 point;punto por punto point by point;ganar por puntos win on points2 señal dot;en punto on the dot;a las tres en punto at three sharp, at three on the dotfull stop;dos puntos colon;punto y coma semicolon;con puntos y comas fig in full detail;poner punto final a algo fig end sth, put an end to sth;y punto period;poner los puntos sobre las íes fam make things crystal clear;empresa punto.com dot.com (company)hacer punto knit;de punto knitted5:estar a punto be ready;estar a punto de be about to;el arroz está en su punto the rice is ready;poner a punto TÉC tune;puesta a punto tune-up6 alcance:hasta cierto punto up to a point;hasta qué punto to what extent;me pregunto hasta qué punto lo que dice es verdad o una exageración I wonder how much of what he says is true and how much is exaggeration;hasta tal punto que to such an extent that7:batir las claras a punto de nieve beat the egg whites until they form stiff peaks* * *punto nm1) : dot, point2) : period (in punctuation)3) : item, question4) : spot, place5) : moment, stage, degree6) : point (in a score)7) : stitch8)en punto : on the dot, sharpa las dos en punto: at two o'clock sharp9)al punto : at oncea punto fijo : exactly, certainlydos puntos : colonhasta cierto punto : up to a pointpunto decimal : decimal pointpunto de vista : point of viewpunto y coma : semicolony punto : periodes el mejor que hay y punto: it's the best there is, periodpuntos cardinales : points of the compass* * *punto n1. (en general) point2. (señal) dot3. (lugar) spot / place¿en qué punto de la ciudad? where exactly in the city?4. (puntada) stitch5. (signo ortográfico) full stop -
104 have
I 1. [ forma debole həv] [ forma forte hæv]1) (possess) avere2) (consume)3) (want) volere, prendere4) (receive, get) ricevere [letter, parcel]; avere, ricevere [news, information]to let sb. have sth. — lasciare prendere qcs. a qcn
5) (hold) fare [party, meeting, enquiry]; organizzare [competition, exhibition]; avere [ conversation]6) (exert, exhibit) avere [effect, courage, courtesy] ( to do di fare); avere, esercitare [ influence]7) (spend) passare, trascorrereto have sth. to do — avere qcs. da fare
9) (undergo, suffer) avereto have (the) flu, a heart attack — avere l'influenza, un infarto
to have sth. done — far fare qcs.
to have sb. do sth. — fare fare qcs. a qcn.
12) (allow) permettere, tollerare13) (physically hold) tenere14) (give birth to) [woman, animal] avere [child, young]over here, we have a painting by Picasso — qui abbiamo un dipinto di Picasso
2.what we have here is a group of extremists — quello con cui abbiamo a che fare è un gruppo di estremisti
1) (must)2) (need to)you don't have to o you haven't got to leave so early non è necessario che te ne vada così presto; did you have to spend so much money? era necessario che spendessi così tanti soldi? something had to be done — si doveva fare qualcosa
3.this has (got) to be the most difficult decision I've ever made — questa è proprio la decisione più difficile che abbia mai preso
1) avere; (with movement and reflexive verbs) essere2) (in tag questions etc.)you've seen the film, haven't you? — hai visto il film, vero?
you haven't seen the film, have you? — non hai visto il film, vero?
you haven't seen my bag, have you? — hai per caso visto la mia borsa?
"he's already left" - "has he indeed!" — "è già andato via" - "davvero?"
"you've never met him" - "yes I have!" — "non l'hai mai incontrato" - "invece sì!"
having finished his breakfast, he went out — finito di fare colazione, uscì
4) (because)having already won twice, he's a favourite — dato che ha già vinto due volte, è uno dei favoriti
•- have in- have on- have up••to have done with sth. — finire (di usare qcs.) o finire con qcs.
this TV has had it — colloq. questa televisione ha fatto il suo tempo
when your father finds out, you've had it! — colloq. quando tuo padre lo viene a sapere, sei rovinato!
I can't do any more, I've had it! — colloq. non ne posso più, sono stremato!
I've had it (up to here) — colloq. non ne posso più
to have it in for sb. — colloq. avercela (a morte) con qcn.
she has, doesn't have it in her to do — sarebbe, non sarebbe mai capace di fare
II [hæv]you have o you've got me there! mi hai colto in fallo! o toccato! and the ayes, noes have it i sì, i no sono in maggioranza; and what have you...eccetera,...e quant'altro; there are no houses to be had — non c'è modo di trovare delle case
* * *(to have or keep (something) in case or until it is needed: If you go to America please keep some money in reserve for your fare home.) tenere di riserva* * *have /hæv/n. (fam.)1 (antiq. GB) imbroglio; inganno; fregatura (fam.)2 (solo al pl.) abbienti; benestanti; ricchi; nazioni ricche: the haves and have-nots, i ricchi e i poveri; chi ha e chi non ha.♦ (to) have /hæv, həv/1 (ausiliare, nella voce attiva) avere; essere: «Have you seen it?» «Yes, I have [No, I haven't]», «l'hai visto?» «sì, l'ho visto [no, non l'ho visto]»; He had come back, era ritornato2 avere; possedere; ottenere; ricevere: The school has a large playing field, la scuola ha un grande campo di gioco; He has a moustache, ha i baffi; I've got ( USA: I have) a cold, ho il raffreddore; We had fine weather all the time, abbiamo sempre avuto tempo buono; He hasn't (fam.: hasn't got; USA: doesn't have) much time, non ha molto tempo; How much money have you got? ( USA: do you have)?, quanto denaro (fam.: quanti soldi) hai?; I had some work to do, avevo un po' di lavoro da fare; I've always wanted to have a sports car, ho sempre desiderato (avere) un'auto sportiva3 prendere; possedere: Have some more biscuits!, prendi degli altri biscotti!; Have a drink!, prendi qualcosa da bere!; bevi qualcosa!4 (in varie loc.) fare: to have a walk [a ride, a swim, a bath, a dance, a dream, a game], fare una passeggiata [una cavalcata, una nuotata, un bagno, un ballo, un sogno, una partita]; They're having a meeting, stanno facendo una riunione5 (causativo: seguito da un p. p.) fare (più un inf.): I must have my hair cut, devo farmi tagliare i capelli; I had my watch repaired, feci riparare l'orologio6 (causativo: seguito da un inf. o da una forma in - ing) fare (più un inf.): I'll have the plumber do it, lo farò fare all'idraulico; He had us all laughing at his story, con la sua storiella ci fece ridere tutti7 (seguito da un p. p.) subire ( l'azione specificata): Frank has had his leg broken, Frank si è rotto la gamba (o ha subito la rottura della gamba); I had my car stolen yesterday, ieri mi hanno rubato la macchina8 ( anche to have got) avere da; dovere; toccare (impers.): I have to go to the dentist's, devo andare dal dentista; DIALOGO → - Going for an interview- What time do you have to be there?, a che ora devi essere là?; We only fight because we have to, ci battiamo soltanto perché dobbiamo farlo (o perché è nostro dovere); DIALOGO → - At the station 2- Do the children have to pay?, i bambini pagano il biglietto?9 permettere; sopportare; tollerare: I won't have bad behaviour, non permetto che ci si comporti male; I won't have it!, non lo permetto!; non l'accetto!11 avere alla propria mercé; tenere in pugno (fig.); avere la meglio su (q.)12 (fam., di solito al passivo) fregare (fam.); imbrogliare; ingannare; farla a (q.): I have been had!, mi sono fatto fregare! (o me l'hanno fatta!)13 (seguito da it) dire; scrivere; asserire; sostenere: The newspapers have it that the firm will go bankrupt, i giornali scrivono che la ditta è sull'orlo del fallimento14 (form.) conoscere; sapere; parlare: He has little [no] English, conosce poco [non sa (o non parla)] l'inglese15 prendere; mangiare; bere; fumare: I had a sandwich for lunch, ho mangiato un panino a pranzo; DIALOGO → - Ordering drinks- What are you having?, che prendi?; DIALOGO → - Ordering drinks- I'll have a pint of cider, prendo un bicchiere di sidro16 (fam.) corrompere; comprare (fam.)17 (idiom.; per es., in:) Let me have a try [a look]!, fammi provare [dare un'occhiata]!; I offered it to him, but he wouldn't have it, glielo offrii, ma lo rifiutò; Have your homework done in an hour!, che i tuoi compiti siano finiti entro un'ora!● (leg.) to have and to hold, avere (o possedere) a pieno titolo ( di proprietà) □ ( slang) to have a ball, divertirsi un sacco □ to have charge of sb., avere la responsabilità (o essere responsabile) di q. □ to have charge of st., avere in custodia qc.; custodire qc. □ to have to do with, avere (a) che fare (o a che vedere) con: I don't want to have anything to do with him, non voglio aver nulla a che fare con lui □ to have done with, cessare, smettere (di fare qc.); averla fatta finita con, non volerne più sapere di □ to have done with it, finirla, farla finita; non pensarci più □ (fam. GB) to have a down on sb., avercela con q. □ to have fun, divertirsi; spassarsela □ to have a good time, divertirsi, spassarsela: DIALOGO → - At the airport- Have a good time, divertiti; divertitevi □ (fam.) to have had it, essere finito (o rovinato, spacciato); ( di persona o macchina) non farcela più; ( di un indumento, ecc.) essere logoro (o consumato, consunto) □ (fam.) to have had one too many, avere alzato un po' il gomito (fig.); essere un po' brillo □ ( in una votazione) to have it, vincere, avere la maggioranza: The ayes have it, vincono i sì □ ( slang volg. GB) to have it away with sb. = to have it off with sb. ► have off □ to have ( got) it coming, tirarsi addosso un guaio; meritare ( una punizione, ecc.); meritarsela, cercarsela (fam.): He had it coming!, se l'è meritata (o cercata)! □ to have it one's ( own) way, fare a modo proprio; averla vinta: In the end she had it her way, alla fine l'ha avuta vinta lei □ (fam.) Have it your (own) way!, va bene, facciamo come vuoi tu!; hai vinto! □ to have sex with sb., fare sesso (o andare a letto) con q. □ to have st. [sb.] ( all) to oneself, avere qc. [q.] tutto per sé □ to let sb. have st., fare avere (o dare) qc. a q.: Let me have your lighter, dammi il tuo accendino □ (fam.) to let sb. have it, dire a q. il fatto suo; non mandargliela a dire; ( anche) attaccare, dare addosso a q.: Let him have it!, (dagli) addosso! □ (fam.) I have it! (o I've got it), ci sono!; ho capito!; ( anche) lo so!, so rispondere! □ (fam. USA) to have what it takes, avere quel che ci vuole; avere le qualità necessarie (per fare qc.) □ You have me (o you've got me) there!, mi hai preso in castagna!; un punto a tuo favore!; ( anche) non lo so (proprio)!; mi arrendo! (fig.) □ to be not having any, non accettare; non volerne sapere: I tried to convince her, but she wasn't having any, tentai di convincerla, ma lei non voleva nemmeno sentirne parlare □ I [you] had better, farei [faresti] meglio; sarebbe meglio che io [tu] (più inf. senza to): You'd better go home at once, faresti meglio ad andare subito a casa NOTA D'USO: - had better- □ ( slang USA) Have a good (o a nice) one!, ciao!; stammi bene! □ (fam. scherz.) Have a heart!, abbi pietà!; sii buono!NOTA D'USO: - to have- NOTA D'USO: - to have breakfast (lunch, dinner, ecc.)-* * *I 1. [ forma debole həv] [ forma forte hæv]1) (possess) avere2) (consume)3) (want) volere, prendere4) (receive, get) ricevere [letter, parcel]; avere, ricevere [news, information]to let sb. have sth. — lasciare prendere qcs. a qcn
5) (hold) fare [party, meeting, enquiry]; organizzare [competition, exhibition]; avere [ conversation]6) (exert, exhibit) avere [effect, courage, courtesy] ( to do di fare); avere, esercitare [ influence]7) (spend) passare, trascorrereto have sth. to do — avere qcs. da fare
9) (undergo, suffer) avereto have (the) flu, a heart attack — avere l'influenza, un infarto
to have sth. done — far fare qcs.
to have sb. do sth. — fare fare qcs. a qcn.
12) (allow) permettere, tollerare13) (physically hold) tenere14) (give birth to) [woman, animal] avere [child, young]over here, we have a painting by Picasso — qui abbiamo un dipinto di Picasso
2.what we have here is a group of extremists — quello con cui abbiamo a che fare è un gruppo di estremisti
1) (must)2) (need to)you don't have to o you haven't got to leave so early non è necessario che te ne vada così presto; did you have to spend so much money? era necessario che spendessi così tanti soldi? something had to be done — si doveva fare qualcosa
3.this has (got) to be the most difficult decision I've ever made — questa è proprio la decisione più difficile che abbia mai preso
1) avere; (with movement and reflexive verbs) essere2) (in tag questions etc.)you've seen the film, haven't you? — hai visto il film, vero?
you haven't seen the film, have you? — non hai visto il film, vero?
you haven't seen my bag, have you? — hai per caso visto la mia borsa?
"he's already left" - "has he indeed!" — "è già andato via" - "davvero?"
"you've never met him" - "yes I have!" — "non l'hai mai incontrato" - "invece sì!"
having finished his breakfast, he went out — finito di fare colazione, uscì
4) (because)having already won twice, he's a favourite — dato che ha già vinto due volte, è uno dei favoriti
•- have in- have on- have up••to have done with sth. — finire (di usare qcs.) o finire con qcs.
this TV has had it — colloq. questa televisione ha fatto il suo tempo
when your father finds out, you've had it! — colloq. quando tuo padre lo viene a sapere, sei rovinato!
I can't do any more, I've had it! — colloq. non ne posso più, sono stremato!
I've had it (up to here) — colloq. non ne posso più
to have it in for sb. — colloq. avercela (a morte) con qcn.
she has, doesn't have it in her to do — sarebbe, non sarebbe mai capace di fare
II [hæv]you have o you've got me there! mi hai colto in fallo! o toccato! and the ayes, noes have it i sì, i no sono in maggioranza; and what have you...eccetera,...e quant'altro; there are no houses to be had — non c'è modo di trovare delle case
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105 all
I [ɔːl]1) (everything) tutto m.it's not all (that) it should be — [performance, efficiency] lascia a desiderare, non è un granché
2) (the only thing) tutto m.that's all we need! — iron. ci mancava solo questo!
3) (everyone) tutti m. (-e)thank you, one and all — grazie a tutti (quanti)
"all welcome" — "siete tutti benvenuti" o "accorrete numerosi"
all of us want... — tutti noi vogliamo...
not all of the time — non sempre o non (per) tutto il tempo
6) and allthey moved furniture, books and all — hanno spostato mobili, libri e tutto
7) at allnot at all! — (acknowledging thanks) prego! (answering query) niente affatto! per niente!
is it at all likely that...? — c'è la pur minima possibilità che...?
for all that — nonostante tutto, ciononostante, con tutto ciò; (in as much as)
first, last of all — prima di tutto, in conclusione; (emphatic)
••it's all go here! — BE colloq. qui si lavora sempre!
II [ɔːl]that's all very well o that's all well and good va tutto bene; it's all very well for them to talk fanno presto a parlare; all's well that ends well — tutto è bene ciò che finisce bene
1) (each one of) tutti2) (the whole of) tutto3) (total)4) (any)III [ɔːl]to deny all knowledge of sth. — negare di essere al corrente di qcs
1) (emphatic: completely) tuttoto be all for sth. — essere molto favorevole a qcs. o essere entusiasta di qcs.
it's all about... — si tratta di...
2) (emphatic: nothing but)to be all smiles — (happy) sprizzare gioia da tutti i pori; (two-faced) essere tutto sorrisi
all-female — [ group] interamente femminile
5) all alongthey knew it all along — lo sapevano fin dall'inizio, l'han sempre saputo
6) all but quasi, praticamente7) all of8) all that9) all the tantoall the more — [difficult, effective] tanto più
10) all too [accurate, easy, widespread] fin troppo••IV [ɔːl]he's not all there — colloq. non ci sta tanto con la testa o ha qualche rotella fuori posto
to give one's all — dare anima e corpo; sacrificarsi ( for per; to do per fare)
* * *[o:l] 1. adjective, pronoun1) (the whole (of): He ate all the cake; He has spent all of his money.) tutto2) (every one (of a group) when taken together: They were all present; All men are equal.) tutti2. adverb1) (entirely: all alone; dressed all in white.) del tutto, completamente2) ((with the) much; even: Your low pay is all the more reason to find a new job; I feel all the better for a shower.) tanto più•- all-out
- all-round
- all-rounder
- all-terrain vehicle
- all along
- all at once
- all in
- all in all
- all over
- all right
- in all* * *I [ɔːl]1) (everything) tutto m.it's not all (that) it should be — [performance, efficiency] lascia a desiderare, non è un granché
2) (the only thing) tutto m.that's all we need! — iron. ci mancava solo questo!
3) (everyone) tutti m. (-e)thank you, one and all — grazie a tutti (quanti)
"all welcome" — "siete tutti benvenuti" o "accorrete numerosi"
all of us want... — tutti noi vogliamo...
not all of the time — non sempre o non (per) tutto il tempo
6) and allthey moved furniture, books and all — hanno spostato mobili, libri e tutto
7) at allnot at all! — (acknowledging thanks) prego! (answering query) niente affatto! per niente!
is it at all likely that...? — c'è la pur minima possibilità che...?
for all that — nonostante tutto, ciononostante, con tutto ciò; (in as much as)
first, last of all — prima di tutto, in conclusione; (emphatic)
••it's all go here! — BE colloq. qui si lavora sempre!
II [ɔːl]that's all very well o that's all well and good va tutto bene; it's all very well for them to talk fanno presto a parlare; all's well that ends well — tutto è bene ciò che finisce bene
1) (each one of) tutti2) (the whole of) tutto3) (total)4) (any)III [ɔːl]to deny all knowledge of sth. — negare di essere al corrente di qcs
1) (emphatic: completely) tuttoto be all for sth. — essere molto favorevole a qcs. o essere entusiasta di qcs.
it's all about... — si tratta di...
2) (emphatic: nothing but)to be all smiles — (happy) sprizzare gioia da tutti i pori; (two-faced) essere tutto sorrisi
all-female — [ group] interamente femminile
5) all alongthey knew it all along — lo sapevano fin dall'inizio, l'han sempre saputo
6) all but quasi, praticamente7) all of8) all that9) all the tantoall the more — [difficult, effective] tanto più
10) all too [accurate, easy, widespread] fin troppo••IV [ɔːl]he's not all there — colloq. non ci sta tanto con la testa o ha qualche rotella fuori posto
to give one's all — dare anima e corpo; sacrificarsi ( for per; to do per fare)
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106 dass
Konj.1. im Subjektsatz: that; es ist nett, dass du anrufst it’s nice of you to ring; es sind zwei Jahre, dass ich ihn nicht gesehen habe it’s two years now since I’ve seen him; dass es schneien wird, ist unwahrscheinlich it’s unlikely to snow2. im Objektsatz: er weiß, dass es wahr ist he knows (that) it’s true; ich glaube, dass er verlieren wird I believe ( oder think) (that) he will lose; entschuldigen Sie, dass ich Sie störe sorry to disturb you3. im Attributsatz: angenommen, dass... assuming ( oder given) that...; vorausgesetzt, dass... provided that...; der Gedanke, dass das so ist, liegt nahe it seems reasonable to think that is the case; für den Fall, dass du kommst, lege ich den Schlüssel raus I’ll leave the key out in case you come; ihr Wunsch, dass es gelingen möge, erfüllte sich nicht her hopes of success were dashed4. anstelle eines präpositionalen Objekts: dadurch, dafür, daher etc.; sie löste das Problem dadurch oder damit, dass... she solved the problem by (+ Ger.) ich ärgere mich darüber, dass es regnet I’m annoyed that it is raining; sie leidet darunter, dass er lügt she suffers from his deception; das kommt davon, dass du nie aufpasst that’s what comes of not paying attention5. eine Folge ausdrückend: es war so kalt, dass der Fluss zufror it was so cold that the river froze; der nasse Hund schüttelte sich, dass es nur so spritzte the wet dog shook himself so the spray went everywhere; sie lachte (so), dass ihr die Tränen kamen she laughed until she cried; sodass6. umg. (weil, da) because, since; er ist wohl krank, dass er nicht gekommen ist he must be ill (Am. auch sick), since he hasn’t come; bist du taub, dass du mir nicht antwortest? why aren’t you answering me - are you deaf?; er entschuldigte sich, dass er zu spät kam he apologized for being late7. ein Ziel ausdrückend: (damit) so that; gib es ihm doch, dass er endlich still ist give him it, so that he’ll shut up at last; sie bemühen sich sehr, dass sie mich zufrieden stellen they are doing their best (in order) to please me; zeig her, dass ich es selbst sehen kann show me, so that I can see for myself8. in Wendungen: es ist zu kalt, als dass man baden könnte it is too cold to swim; er läuft lieber, als oder (an) statt dass er sein Fahrrad repariert he’d rather walk than repair his bicycle; auf dass es gelingen möge! here’s to success!; wir fahren, außer oder es sei denn dass es schneit unless it’s snowing, we’ll drive; sie arbeitete bis dass sie zusammenbrach she carried on working until she collapsed; kaum, dass er einen Blick darauf warf he hardly gave it a look; nicht, dass ich wüsste not that I know of; nicht, dass es etwas ausmachte not that it mattered; ich hätte schon Lust, nur dass ich keine Zeit habe umg. I would love to, but just don’t have the time; siehe auch als, anstatt etc.9. umg.; Wunsch, Drohung etc.: dass du mir ja nichts anrührst! don’t go and touch anything, now; dass du ja kommst! you had better be there!; dass ich es bloß nicht vergesse! I hope I don’t forget it, I’d better not forget it; dass er so was sagen konnte! how could he say such a thing?* * *that* * *dạss [das]conj1) (mit Subjektsatz) thatdass wir alle sterben müssen, ist sicher — that we all must die is certain (liter), it is certain (that) we all must die
2) (mit Objektsatz) (that)ich verstehe nicht, dass man ihn als Bewerber abgelehnt hat — I don't understand why he was turned down
ich sehe nicht ein, dass wir hungern sollen — I don't see why we should starve
3) (mit Attributivsatz) thatangenommen/vorausgesetzt, dass... — given/provided that...
4) (mit Kausalsatz) thatich war böse, dass... — I was annoyed that...
ich freue mich darüber, dass... — I'm glad (that)...
das kommt daher, dass... — that comes because...
das liegt daran, dass... — that is because...
das kommt davon, dass er niemals aufpasst — that comes from him or his never paying attention
5) (mit Konsekutivsatz) thater fuhr so schnell, dass er sich überschlug — he drove so fast that he overturned
ich gab ihm den Brief, dass er ihn selbst lesen konnte — I gave him the letter so that he could read it himself
7)(als Einleitung eines Instrumentalsatzes)
er verbringt seine Freizeit damit, dass er Rosen züchtet — he spends his free time breeding rosesdass er immer da wäre! — would that he were always there (liter), if only he were always there
* * *dassRR, daßALT[ˈdas]1. mit Subjektsatz that\dass wir einmal alle sterben müssen, ist nun mal gewiss [the fact] that we all have to die is certain liter, it is certain [that] we all have to die, we all have to die one day2. mit Objektsatz [that]ich habe gehört, \dass du Vater geworden bist I've heard [that] you've become a fathernicht verstehen, \dass... to not understand that...entschuldigen Sie bitte, \dass ich mich so verspätet habe please excuse my [or me] arriving so late3. mit Attributivsatz [that]gesetzt den Fall, \dass... assuming [that]...vorausgesetzt, \dass... providing [that]...die Tatsache, \dass... the fact that...[nur] unter der Bedingung, \dass... on [the] condition that...ungeachtet dessen, \dass... regardless of the fact that..4. mit Kausalsatz thatich war böse, \dass... I was angry that...sie freut sich darüber, \dass... she is pleased [that]...das kommt daher [o davon] /das liegt daran, \dass... that's because...dadurch, \dass... because...5. mit Konsekutivsatz thatsie fuhr so schnell, \dass sie die rote Ampel übersah she drove so fast [that] she failed to see the red lighter verbringt seine Freizeit damit, \dass er Telefonkarten sammelt he spends his free time collecting phonecards\dass du nur Recht hast! if only you were right!sieh/seht zu, \dass...! see that...; (nachdrücklicher) see to it [that]...9. (in Ausrufen des Bedauerns) that\dass es ausgerechnet mir passieren sollte! that it should happen to me of all people!; s.a. als, auf, außer, ohne, so, anstatt, statt, kaum* * **daß Konjunktion1) thatentschuldigen Sie bitte, dass ich mich verspätet habe — please forgive me for being late; please forgive my being late
ich verstehe nicht, dass sie ihn geheiratet hat — I don't understand why she married him
es ist schon 3 Jahre her, dass wir zum letzten Mal im Theater waren — it is three years since or it was three years ago when we last went to the theatre
2) (nach Pronominaladverbien o. ä.) [the fact] thatWissen erwirbt man dadurch, dass man viel liest — one acquires knowledge by reading a great deal
das liegt daran, dass du nicht aufgepasst hast — that is due to the fact that you did not pay attention; that comes from your not paying attention
ich bin dagegen, dass er geht — I am against his going
3) (im Konsekutivsatz) thater lachte so [sehr], dass ihm die Tränen in die Augen traten — he laughed so much that he almost cried
4) (im Finalsatz) so that5) (im Wunschsatz) if onlydass er so jung sterben musste! — how terrible or it's so sad that he had to die so young!
dass mir das passieren musste! — why did it have to [go and] happen to me!; s. auch als; [an]statt; auf; außer; nur; ohne; kaum
* * *dass konj1. im Subjektsatz: that;es ist nett, dass du anrufst it’s nice of you to ring;es sind zwei Jahre, dass ich ihn nicht gesehen habe it’s two years now since I’ve seen him;dass es schneien wird, ist unwahrscheinlich it’s unlikely to snow2. im Objektsatz:er weiß, dass es wahr ist he knows (that) it’s true;entschuldigen Sie, dass ich Sie störe sorry to disturb you3. im Attributsatz:angenommen, dass … assuming ( oder given) that …;vorausgesetzt, dass … provided that …;der Gedanke, dass das so ist, liegt nahe it seems reasonable to think that is the case;für den Fall, dass du kommst, lege ich den Schlüssel raus I’ll leave the key out in case you come;ihr Wunsch, dass es gelingen möge, erfüllte sich nicht her hopes of success were dasheddamit, dass … she solved the problem by (+ger)ich ärgere mich darüber, dass es regnet I’m annoyed that it is raining;sie leidet darunter, dass er lügt she suffers from his deception;das kommt davon, dass du nie aufpasst that’s what comes of not paying attentiones war so kalt, dass der Fluss zufror it was so cold that the river froze;der nasse Hund schüttelte sich, dass es nur so spritzte the wet dog shook himself so the spray went everywhere;er ist wohl krank, dass er nicht gekommen ist he must be ill (US auch sick), since he hasn’t come;bist du taub, dass du mir nicht antwortest? why aren’t you answering me - are you deaf?;er entschuldigte sich, dass er zu spät kam he apologized for being late7. ein Ziel ausdrückend: (damit) so that;gib es ihm doch, dass er endlich still ist give him it, so that he’ll shut up at last;sie bemühen sich sehr, dass sie mich zufrieden stellen they are doing their best (in order) to please me;zeig her, dass ich es selbst sehen kann show me, so that I can see for myself8. in Wendungen:es ist zu kalt, als dass man baden könnte it is too cold to swim;auf dass es gelingen möge! here’s to success!;wir fahren, außer oderes sei denn dass es schneit unless it’s snowing, we’ll drive;sie arbeitete bis dass sie zusammenbrach she carried on working until she collapsed;kaum, dass er einen Blick darauf warf he hardly gave it a look;nicht, dass ich wüsste not that I know of;nicht, dass es etwas ausmachte not that it mattered;ich hätte schon Lust, nur dass ich keine Zeit habe umg I would love to, but just don’t have the time; → auch als, anstatt etc9. umg; Wunsch, Drohung etc:dass du mir ja nichts anrührst! don’t go and touch anything, now;dass du ja kommst! you had better be there!;dass ich es bloß nicht vergesse! I hope I don’t forget it, I’d better not forget it;dass er so was sagen konnte! how could he say such a thing?* * **daß Konjunktion1) thatentschuldigen Sie bitte, dass ich mich verspätet habe — please forgive me for being late; please forgive my being late
ich weiß, dass du recht hast — I know [that] you are right
ich verstehe nicht, dass sie ihn geheiratet hat — I don't understand why she married him
es ist schon 3 Jahre her, dass wir zum letzten Mal im Theater waren — it is three years since or it was three years ago when we last went to the theatre
2) (nach Pronominaladverbien o. ä.) [the fact] thatWissen erwirbt man dadurch, dass man viel liest — one acquires knowledge by reading a great deal
das liegt daran, dass du nicht aufgepasst hast — that is due to the fact that you did not pay attention; that comes from your not paying attention
ich bin dagegen, dass er geht — I am against his going
3) (im Konsekutivsatz) thater lachte so [sehr], dass ihm die Tränen in die Augen traten — he laughed so much that he almost cried
4) (im Finalsatz) so that5) (im Wunschsatz) if only6) (im Ausruf)dass er so jung sterben musste! — how terrible or it's so sad that he had to die so young!
dass mir das passieren musste! — why did it have to [go and] happen to me!; s. auch als; [an]statt; auf; außer; nur; ohne; kaum
* * *adv.insomuch adv. konj.that conj. -
107 evitar
v.1 to avoid, to prevent (impedir) (desastre, accidente).podría haberse evitado esta catástrofe this disaster could have been avoided o preventedevitar que alguien haga algo to stop o prevent somebody from doing somethingRicardo previno el accidente Richard prevented the accident.María se guarda de decir mentiras Mary takes care not to tell lies.2 to avoid (eludir) (cuestión, persona).no puede evitarlo he can't help itJavier siempre evita encontrarse conmigo Javier always avoids meeting me3 to save.esto me evita tener que ir this saves me (from) having to go* * *1 (gen) to avoid2 (impedir) to prevent, avoid3 (ahorrar) to spare, save* * *verb1) to avoid2) prevent* * *1. VT1) (=eludir) to avoid2) (=ahorrar) to saveme evita (el) tener que... — it saves me having to...
2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivoa) (eludir, huir de) to avoidb) ( impedir) to avoid, preventpara evitar que sufran — to avoid o prevent them suffering
c) ( ahorrar)2.evitarle algo a alguien — <molestia/preocupación> to save o spare somebody something
* * *= avoid, bypass [by-pass], eschew, guard against, impede, prevent, shy away from, deflect, forestall, avert, preempt [pre-empt], shun, be shy of + Gerundio, sidestep [side-step], steer + clear of, steer away from, get (a)round, shy from, stay away from, stave off, baulk [balk, -USA], hamstring, ward off, head off, skirt, give + Nombre + a wide berth.Ex. This situation requires a very skilled information worker if total disaster is to be avoided.Ex. She repeatedly bypassed the catalog because she was an inveterate fiction reader and approached the A section of the fiction shelf expecting to find Sholom Aleichem under ALEICHEM.Ex. However, most contributors to the debate about the future of SLIS have eschewed practicalities in favour of sweeping and dramatic generalizations.Ex. The system will ask you to enter the new password a second time to help guard against keying errors.Ex. In early 1984 we were invited to undertake a survey of the fourteen schools of librarianship and information studies in England and Wales, giving particular attention to the constraints impeding or preventing desirable change.Ex. To prevent an entry under the first name(s), these must be entered on a separate line with the subfield code 'j'.Ex. Those who conscientiously attempt to keep abreast of current thought might well shy away from an examination calculated to show how much of the previous month's efforts could be produced on call.Ex. Questions such as 'Can I help you?' on the part of the librarian are easily deflected by a hasty, perhaps automatic and ill-considered, 'Oh, no thanks' by the user.Ex. In order to forestall such an event, some libraries in Britain were stung into action by the publication of an Act of Parliament which totally ignored public libraries.Ex. He often did this, almost unconsciously, to avert an immediate sign of reaction to an irksome confrontation.Ex. This article concludes that the main value of the indicators is as a management tool, as a means of preempting problems.Ex. Traditionally these books have been shunned because of their fragile nature, but librarians are finding that a small collection can enliven story times.Ex. Printers or publishers were sometimes shy of giving their real names -- usually because a book was treasonable, or libellous, or a piracy -- and for similar reasons they might give a false place of publication and a false date.Ex. This article discusses how to start projects on the right footing by defining objectives and planning properly to help sidestep pitfalls which can be associated with bespoke software development.Ex. This entire target market has steered clear of the public library.Ex. This article gives guidance for steering away from some of the more obvious pitfalls when buying software.Ex. The view of most users is that they can get around the restriction in a number of ways.Ex. I have not shied from identifying some of the obstacles to achieving this vision.Ex. This, again, is an area most libraries -- at least the ones I'm familiar with -- have tended to stay away from.Ex. They resorted to exercising to stave off unwanted weight gain believed to be caused by alcohol use.Ex. While many scholars concede that military interventions are sometimes permissible, they balk when it comes to deciding whether they are ever a moral duty.Ex. Instead, the proposed regulations would hamstring public access.Ex. The most strenuous efforts will not always ensure success, nor the boldest arm of human power ward off the stroke of misfortune.Ex. And this stimulus is working in the sense that it has headed off the imminent risk of a deflationary spiral.Ex. Bridleways that cross arable land may be legally ploughed up, but not those that skirt a field.Ex. Under the new law, motorists must give 'a wide berth' to stationary emergency vehicles displaying blue, red, or amber emergency warning lights.----* acto de evitar = avoidance.* agacharse para evitar = duck out of + harm's way.* el evitar = avoidance.* evitar discutir una cuestión = circumvent + issue.* evitar el desastre = ward off + disaster.* evitar el encuentro con = steer + clear of, give + Nombre + a wide berth, steer away from.* evitar el enfrentamiento = avoid + confrontation.* evitar el mal = shun + evil.* evitar la confrontación = avoid + confrontation.* evitar la fama = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.* evitar la publicidad = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.* evitar + Nombre = get (a)round + Nombre.* evitar polémicas = eschew + issues.* evitar problemas = stay out of + trouble.* evitar que = keep from.* evitar que + entrar = keep + Nombre + out.* evitar que + escapar = keep + Nombre + in.* evitar que + Nombre + Subjuntivo = save + Nombre + from + Gerundio.* evitar que + salir = keep + Nombre + in.* evitar ser afectado = escape + unaffected.* evitar temas delicados = eschew + issues.* evitar una cuestión = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.* evitar una infección = prevent + infection.* evitar un error = avoid + error.* evitar un problema = avoid + problem.* evitar un riesgo = duck + risk.* evitar un tema = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.* forma de evitar Algo = way round + Algo.* forma de evitar una dificultad = way (a)round + difficulty.* forma de evitar un problema = way round + problem.* intentar evitar = fight + shy of.* lo que hay que hacer y lo que hay que evitar = do's and don'ts, rights and wrongs.* no poder evitar + Infinitivo = cannot help + Gerundio, cannot help but + Verbo.* no poder evitar mencionar = cannot but notice.* no pude evitar notar que = couldn't help but notice (that).* para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.* proteger Algo para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.* * *1.verbo transitivoa) (eludir, huir de) to avoidb) ( impedir) to avoid, preventpara evitar que sufran — to avoid o prevent them suffering
c) ( ahorrar)2.evitarle algo a alguien — <molestia/preocupación> to save o spare somebody something
* * *= avoid, bypass [by-pass], eschew, guard against, impede, prevent, shy away from, deflect, forestall, avert, preempt [pre-empt], shun, be shy of + Gerundio, sidestep [side-step], steer + clear of, steer away from, get (a)round, shy from, stay away from, stave off, baulk [balk, -USA], hamstring, ward off, head off, skirt, give + Nombre + a wide berth.Ex: This situation requires a very skilled information worker if total disaster is to be avoided.
Ex: She repeatedly bypassed the catalog because she was an inveterate fiction reader and approached the A section of the fiction shelf expecting to find Sholom Aleichem under ALEICHEM.Ex: However, most contributors to the debate about the future of SLIS have eschewed practicalities in favour of sweeping and dramatic generalizations.Ex: The system will ask you to enter the new password a second time to help guard against keying errors.Ex: In early 1984 we were invited to undertake a survey of the fourteen schools of librarianship and information studies in England and Wales, giving particular attention to the constraints impeding or preventing desirable change.Ex: To prevent an entry under the first name(s), these must be entered on a separate line with the subfield code 'j'.Ex: Those who conscientiously attempt to keep abreast of current thought might well shy away from an examination calculated to show how much of the previous month's efforts could be produced on call.Ex: Questions such as 'Can I help you?' on the part of the librarian are easily deflected by a hasty, perhaps automatic and ill-considered, 'Oh, no thanks' by the user.Ex: In order to forestall such an event, some libraries in Britain were stung into action by the publication of an Act of Parliament which totally ignored public libraries.Ex: He often did this, almost unconsciously, to avert an immediate sign of reaction to an irksome confrontation.Ex: This article concludes that the main value of the indicators is as a management tool, as a means of preempting problems.Ex: Traditionally these books have been shunned because of their fragile nature, but librarians are finding that a small collection can enliven story times.Ex: Printers or publishers were sometimes shy of giving their real names -- usually because a book was treasonable, or libellous, or a piracy -- and for similar reasons they might give a false place of publication and a false date.Ex: This article discusses how to start projects on the right footing by defining objectives and planning properly to help sidestep pitfalls which can be associated with bespoke software development.Ex: This entire target market has steered clear of the public library.Ex: This article gives guidance for steering away from some of the more obvious pitfalls when buying software.Ex: The view of most users is that they can get around the restriction in a number of ways.Ex: I have not shied from identifying some of the obstacles to achieving this vision.Ex: This, again, is an area most libraries -- at least the ones I'm familiar with -- have tended to stay away from.Ex: They resorted to exercising to stave off unwanted weight gain believed to be caused by alcohol use.Ex: While many scholars concede that military interventions are sometimes permissible, they balk when it comes to deciding whether they are ever a moral duty.Ex: Instead, the proposed regulations would hamstring public access.Ex: The most strenuous efforts will not always ensure success, nor the boldest arm of human power ward off the stroke of misfortune.Ex: And this stimulus is working in the sense that it has headed off the imminent risk of a deflationary spiral.Ex: Bridleways that cross arable land may be legally ploughed up, but not those that skirt a field.Ex: Under the new law, motorists must give 'a wide berth' to stationary emergency vehicles displaying blue, red, or amber emergency warning lights.* acto de evitar = avoidance.* agacharse para evitar = duck out of + harm's way.* el evitar = avoidance.* evitar discutir una cuestión = circumvent + issue.* evitar el desastre = ward off + disaster.* evitar el encuentro con = steer + clear of, give + Nombre + a wide berth, steer away from.* evitar el enfrentamiento = avoid + confrontation.* evitar el mal = shun + evil.* evitar la confrontación = avoid + confrontation.* evitar la fama = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.* evitar la publicidad = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.* evitar + Nombre = get (a)round + Nombre.* evitar polémicas = eschew + issues.* evitar problemas = stay out of + trouble.* evitar que = keep from.* evitar que + entrar = keep + Nombre + out.* evitar que + escapar = keep + Nombre + in.* evitar que + Nombre + Subjuntivo = save + Nombre + from + Gerundio.* evitar que + salir = keep + Nombre + in.* evitar ser afectado = escape + unaffected.* evitar temas delicados = eschew + issues.* evitar una cuestión = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.* evitar una infección = prevent + infection.* evitar un error = avoid + error.* evitar un problema = avoid + problem.* evitar un riesgo = duck + risk.* evitar un tema = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.* forma de evitar Algo = way round + Algo.* forma de evitar una dificultad = way (a)round + difficulty.* forma de evitar un problema = way round + problem.* intentar evitar = fight + shy of.* lo que hay que hacer y lo que hay que evitar = do's and don'ts, rights and wrongs.* no poder evitar + Infinitivo = cannot help + Gerundio, cannot help but + Verbo.* no poder evitar mencionar = cannot but notice.* no pude evitar notar que = couldn't help but notice (that).* para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.* proteger Algo para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.* * *evitar [A1 ]vt1 (eludir, huir de) to avoidevita entrar en discusiones con él avoid getting into arguments with himpara evitar problemas decidí no ir to avoid problems I decided not to go¿por qué me estás evitando? why are you avoiding me?2 (impedir) to avoid, preventse podría haber evitado la tragedia the tragedy could have been avoided o averted o preventedharemos lo posible para evitarlo we'll do everything we can to avoid o prevent itpara evitar que sufran to avoid o prevent them suffering3 (ahorrar) to saveuna simple llamada nos habría evitado muchas molestias a simple phone call would have saved us a lot of troubleasí les evitarás muchos quebraderos de cabeza that way you'll save them a lot of worrypor esta ruta evitas tener que pasar por el centro if you go this way you avoid going through o it saves you going through the center■ evitarse‹problemas› to save oneselfevítese la molestia de ir a la tienda avoid the inconvenience of going to the storesi aceptas, te evitarás muchos problemas if you accept, you'll save yourself a lot of problemsme evitaría tener que pintarlo it would save me having to paint it* * *
Multiple Entries:
evitar
evitar algo
evitar ( conjugate evitar) verbo transitivo
◊ para evitar que sufran to avoid o prevent them sufferingc) ( remediar):◊ me puse a llorar, no lo puede evitar I started to cry, I couldn't help it
evitarse verbo pronominal ‹ problemas› to save oneself;
evitar verbo transitivo
1 to avoid: no pude evitar reírme, I couldn't help laughing
2 (una enfermedad, etc) to prevent
(una desgracia) to avert
3 (a una persona) to avoid ➣ Ver nota en avoid
' evitar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ahorrar
- alarde
- carcajada
- contemporizar
- hincapié
- mortificar
- mortificarse
- murmuración
- para
- remediar
- aglomeración
- huir
English:
avert
- avoid
- breath
- bypass
- cheat
- clampdown
- clear
- deny
- get round
- harm
- head off
- hedge
- help
- loophole
- miss
- pair off
- prevent
- pussyfoot
- save
- scandal
- should
- stave off
- steer
- step in
- way
- get
- guard
- keep
- rat
- shun
- stave
- unavoidably
* * *♦ vt1. [impedir] [desastre, accidente] to avoid, to prevent;¿podría haberse evitado esta catástrofe ecológica? could this environmental disaster have been avoided o prevented?;evitar que alguien haga algo to stop o prevent sb from doing sth;no pude evitar que se pelearan I couldn't stop o prevent them from having a fight;hemos de evitar que se extienda el incendio we have to stop the fire spreading2. [eludir] [problema, cuestión, persona] to avoid;siempre me está evitando she's always trying to avoid me;Javier siempre evita encontrarse conmigo Javier always avoids meeting me;yo evité hablar del tema I kept o steered clear of the subject;no puede evitarlo he can't help it;no puedo evitar ser como soy I can't help (being) the way I am3. [ahorrar] to save;esta máquina nos evitaría mucho trabajo this machine would save us a lot of work;esto me evita tener que ir this gets me out of going, this saves me (from) having to go* * *v/t1 avoid;no puedo evitarlo I can’t help it2 ( impedir) prevent3 molestias save* * *evitar vt1) : to avoid2) prevenir: to prevent3) eludir: to escape, to elude* * *evitar vb1. (en general) to avoid2. (impedir) to prevent3. (ahorrar) to save -
108 pedir
v.1 to ask for.pedir algo a alguien to ask somebody for somethingpedir a alguien que haga algo to ask somebody to do somethingpedir a alguien (en matrimonio) to ask for somebody's hand (in marriage)pedir (prestado) algo a alguien to borrow something from somebodypide un millón por la moto he's asking a million for the motorbikeYo pido una pizza I ask for a pizza.Yo le pido a María una pizza I ask Mary for a pizza.Yo le pido a María I ask Mary.2 to order.¿qué has pedido de postre? what have you ordered for dessert?3 to demand.4 to call for, to need.5 to beg.6 to ask to, to request to.Yo pedí hablar en la reunión I requested to talk at the meeting.7 to require.El caso pide una acción immediata The case requires immediate action.* * *1 (gen) to ask for2 (mercancías, en restaurante) to order■ ¿qué has pedido de postre? what did you order for dessert?3 (necesitar) to need, cry out for1 (por la calle) to beg\a pedir de boca just right, perfectlypedir la cuenta to ask for the billpedir la mano de alguien to ask for somebody's hand in marriage* * *verb1) to ask for, request2) order* * *1. VT1) (=rogar, solicitar) to ask for¿habéis pedido ya la cuenta? — have you asked for the bill yet?
una manifestación pidiendo la libertad de los secuestrados — a demonstration calling for the release of the hostages
•
pedir cuentas a algn — to demand an explanation from sb•
pedir algo por favor, me pidió por favor que fuera discreto — he asked me to please keep it to myselfte lo pido por favor, quédate conmigo — please stay with me
pido la palabra, señoría — permission to speak, my lord
- ¿qué más se puede pedir?2) (Com) (=encargar) to order3) [en un restaurante] to order; [en un bar] to ask for, orderhemos pedido dos cafés y un té — we've asked for o ordered two coffees and a tea
4) [para casarse] to propose to•
pedir la mano de algn — to ask for sb's hand5) (Jur) [+ condena] to ask for6) (=requerir) to need7) (tb: pedir prestado) to borrowme pidió prestado el coche — he asked if he could borrow the car, he asked to borrow the car
2. VI1) (=rogar)•
pedir por algn — (Rel) to pray for sb2) (=pedir dinero) [mendigo] to beg; [voluntario] to collect money3) [en un bar, restaurante] to orderboca 1., 3)¿habéis pedido ya? — have you ordered yet?
3.See:PEDIR ¿"Ask" o "ask for"? ► La expresión pedir algo se traduce por ask for something: Pidieron muchas cosas diferentes They asked for many different things Si el verbo pedir lleva dos complementos, el complemento de persona siempre va delante: Pídele un lápiz a la profesora Ask the teacher for a pencil ► La estructura pedir a alguien que haga algo, se traduce al inglés por ask + ((objeto)) + ((construcción de infinitivo)): Le pedí a mi hermana que me trajera una alfombra de Turquía I asked my sister to bring me a rug from Turkey Le pediremos que nos haga un descuento We'll ask him to give us a discount Si el contexto es más formal pedir también se puede traducir por request: Ambas partes en conflicto están pidiendo ayuda al extranjero Both sides are requesting help from abroad Para otros usos y ejemplos ver la entrada* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <dinero/ayuda> to ask forme pidió disculpas or perdón — he apologized (to me)
me pidió explicaciones or cuentas — he asked me to justify my actions
¿qué más se puede pedir? — what more could you ask for?
pidió que lo trasladaran — he asked to be transferred; ver prestado
b) (en bar, restaurante) <plato/bebida> to order; < cuenta> to ask for2) (Com)a) ( como precio)¿cuánto pide por la casa? — how much is she asking for the house?
b) < mercancías> to order3) ( para casarse)4) ( requerir) to need2.esta planta está pidiendo a gritos que la rieguen — this plant is crying out to be watered
pedir via) ( mendigar) to begb) (en bar, restaurante) to orderc) ( para tener algo) (AmL) to ask* * *= ask, ask for, have + calls for, call for, call on/upon, canvass, instruct, invite, order, plead for, request, require, prompt, bid, beg, howl for, cadge, call on/upon, bay.Ex. This recommendation asks the cataloguer to ascertain the name by which an author is commonly known.Ex. Good luck and don't hesitate to ask me or anyone on the management team for advice or assistance!.Ex. For some while there have been calls for an abbreviated version of AACR, for small libraries and for non-cataloguers.Ex. The main rules call for entry of societies under name and institutions under place.Ex. This article calls on libraries to forge a renewed national commitment to cooperate in the building of a national information network for scholarly communications.Ex. A change to 48% reduction instead of the present 24% is being canvassed, in order to keep the size within bounds, but this should not cause any serious problems in use, particularly as many modern microform readers have dual magnification.Ex. Some of the above limitations of title indexes can be overcome by exercising a measure of control over the index terminology, and by inputting and instructing the computer to print a number of pre-determined links or references between keywords.Ex. Members of the audience were invited to ask questions, make statements, and express themselves freely.Ex. Edge notch cards are often ordered in a size tailored to the demands of the index, and can be purchased with any coding that the index designer specifies.Ex. I would plead for more standardization, not less, because I think whatever we do is going to be imperfect.Ex. Also, with online display, the user should be able to request displays indicating different levels of specificity.Ex. If the library wants all users to have passwords, an authorization level of 1 can be assigned in the search function to force the system to require a password.Ex. You will be prompted to choose a file; your last search will then be executed automatically in the file that you choose.Ex. 'Sit down please,' he bade her.Ex. A sociologist at Yale begs libraries to keep information from him - he says that information seeks him everywhere in this world of email, fax and telephone.Ex. The article ' Howling for change' suggests what can be done to halt the decline of the book industry.Ex. For the most part it is a story of bug-ridden rooms in working-men's hotels, of fights, drinking bouts, cheap brothels, Russian refugees, cadging.Ex. The difference is only that an indexer is not usually called upon to appreciate the subtleties of the subject to the same extent as an abstractor.Ex. If the Holocaust cannot be discussed freely then stop baying about freedom of speech.----* a pedir de boca = without a hitch.* pedir ayuda = seek + assistance, seek + help.* pedir ayuda a = enlist + the cooperation of.* pedir con insistencia = urge, urging.* pedir dinero prestado = borrow + money.* pedir disculpas = eat + Posesivo + words, eat + humble pie, eat + crow, eat + dirt.* pedir encarecidamente = urge, appeal for, make + a plea for, urging.* pedir en préstamo = borrow.* pedir especialmente = special order.* pedir información = request + information.* pedir información de = ask for + details of.* pedir información sobre = enquire of [inquire of, -USA].* pedir la cabeza de Alguien = bay for + Posesivo + blood.* pedir la documentación = card.* pedir la identificación = card.* pedir la luna = cry for + the moon, ask for + the moon, reach for + the moon.* pedir la opinión sobre = ask for + opinion on.* pedirle cuentas a Alguien = bring + Nombre + to book.* pedirle peras al olmo = cry for + the moon, ask for + the moon, reach for + the moon.* pedir perdón = eat + Posesivo + words, eat + humble pie, eat + crow, eat + dirt.* pedir prestado = borrow.* pedir rescate por Algo = hold + Nombre + for ransom.* pedir sugerencias = solicit + recommendations.* pedir un deseo = make + a wish, mounting problems.* pedir un préstamo = take + a loan.* pedir un rescate = ransom.* pedir venganza = bay for + vengeance, bay for + blood.* persona que pide asilo = asylum seeker.* salir a pedir de boca = come up + roses, go off without + a hitch.* volver a pedir = reorder [re-order].* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <dinero/ayuda> to ask forme pidió disculpas or perdón — he apologized (to me)
me pidió explicaciones or cuentas — he asked me to justify my actions
¿qué más se puede pedir? — what more could you ask for?
pidió que lo trasladaran — he asked to be transferred; ver prestado
b) (en bar, restaurante) <plato/bebida> to order; < cuenta> to ask for2) (Com)a) ( como precio)¿cuánto pide por la casa? — how much is she asking for the house?
b) < mercancías> to order3) ( para casarse)4) ( requerir) to need2.esta planta está pidiendo a gritos que la rieguen — this plant is crying out to be watered
pedir via) ( mendigar) to begb) (en bar, restaurante) to orderc) ( para tener algo) (AmL) to ask* * *= ask, ask for, have + calls for, call for, call on/upon, canvass, instruct, invite, order, plead for, request, require, prompt, bid, beg, howl for, cadge, call on/upon, bay.Ex: This recommendation asks the cataloguer to ascertain the name by which an author is commonly known.
Ex: Good luck and don't hesitate to ask me or anyone on the management team for advice or assistance!.Ex: For some while there have been calls for an abbreviated version of AACR, for small libraries and for non-cataloguers.Ex: The main rules call for entry of societies under name and institutions under place.Ex: This article calls on libraries to forge a renewed national commitment to cooperate in the building of a national information network for scholarly communications.Ex: A change to 48% reduction instead of the present 24% is being canvassed, in order to keep the size within bounds, but this should not cause any serious problems in use, particularly as many modern microform readers have dual magnification.Ex: Some of the above limitations of title indexes can be overcome by exercising a measure of control over the index terminology, and by inputting and instructing the computer to print a number of pre-determined links or references between keywords.Ex: Members of the audience were invited to ask questions, make statements, and express themselves freely.Ex: Edge notch cards are often ordered in a size tailored to the demands of the index, and can be purchased with any coding that the index designer specifies.Ex: I would plead for more standardization, not less, because I think whatever we do is going to be imperfect.Ex: Also, with online display, the user should be able to request displays indicating different levels of specificity.Ex: If the library wants all users to have passwords, an authorization level of 1 can be assigned in the search function to force the system to require a password.Ex: You will be prompted to choose a file; your last search will then be executed automatically in the file that you choose.Ex: 'Sit down please,' he bade her.Ex: A sociologist at Yale begs libraries to keep information from him - he says that information seeks him everywhere in this world of email, fax and telephone.Ex: The article ' Howling for change' suggests what can be done to halt the decline of the book industry.Ex: For the most part it is a story of bug-ridden rooms in working-men's hotels, of fights, drinking bouts, cheap brothels, Russian refugees, cadging.Ex: The difference is only that an indexer is not usually called upon to appreciate the subtleties of the subject to the same extent as an abstractor.Ex: If the Holocaust cannot be discussed freely then stop baying about freedom of speech.* a pedir de boca = without a hitch.* pedir ayuda = seek + assistance, seek + help.* pedir ayuda a = enlist + the cooperation of.* pedir con insistencia = urge, urging.* pedir dinero prestado = borrow + money.* pedir disculpas = eat + Posesivo + words, eat + humble pie, eat + crow, eat + dirt.* pedir encarecidamente = urge, appeal for, make + a plea for, urging.* pedir en préstamo = borrow.* pedir especialmente = special order.* pedir información = request + information.* pedir información de = ask for + details of.* pedir información sobre = enquire of [inquire of, -USA].* pedir la cabeza de Alguien = bay for + Posesivo + blood.* pedir la documentación = card.* pedir la identificación = card.* pedir la luna = cry for + the moon, ask for + the moon, reach for + the moon.* pedir la opinión sobre = ask for + opinion on.* pedirle cuentas a Alguien = bring + Nombre + to book.* pedirle peras al olmo = cry for + the moon, ask for + the moon, reach for + the moon.* pedir perdón = eat + Posesivo + words, eat + humble pie, eat + crow, eat + dirt.* pedir prestado = borrow.* pedir rescate por Algo = hold + Nombre + for ransom.* pedir sugerencias = solicit + recommendations.* pedir un deseo = make + a wish, mounting problems.* pedir un préstamo = take + a loan.* pedir un rescate = ransom.* pedir venganza = bay for + vengeance, bay for + blood.* persona que pide asilo = asylum seeker.* salir a pedir de boca = come up + roses, go off without + a hitch.* volver a pedir = reorder [re-order].* * *vtA1 ‹dinero/ayuda› to ask forpidieron un préstamo al banco they asked the bank for a loanpidió permiso para salir she asked permission to leaveme pidió consejo he asked my advice, he asked me for advicepide limosna a la puerta de la iglesia he begs (for money) at the church doorpréstamelo, te lo pido por favor please lend it to mesi no me lo pides por favor no te lo doy I won't give it to you unless you say please o unless you ask nicelynadie te ha pedido (tu) opinión nobody asked (for) your opinionme pidió disculpas or perdón por lo que había hecho he apologized for what he had donepídele perdón a tu padre apologize to o say you're sorry to your father¿quién eres tú para venir a pedirme cuentas or explicaciones? who do you think you are, asking me to justify my actions?pedir hora to make an appointmentpedir la palabra to ask for permission to speakpide cuatro años de cárcel para los acusados he is asking for a four-year sentence for the accusedes un sitio donde se come barato y bien, no se puede pedir más it's the sort of place where you can eat cheaply and well, what more could you ask for? o it's idealestá haciendo todo lo posible, no se le puede pedir más she's doing all she can, you can't ask for more than that o that's all you can askpedir QUE + SUBJ:me pidió que le comprara el periódico he asked me to buy him the newspaperpidió que lo trasladaran he asked to be transferred2 (en un bar, restaurante) to orderpedimos pescado de segundo we ordered fish for our second courseB ( Com)1 (como precio) pedir algo POR algo to ask sth FOR sth¿cuánto pide por la casa? how much is she asking for the house?2 ‹mercancías› to orderCle pedí la mano de su hija I asked for his daughter's hand in marriage ( frml), I asked to marry his daughtervino a pedir a mi hermana he came to ask if he could marry my sisterD (requerir) to needeste pescado pide un buen vino blanco this fish needs a good white wine to go with it, this fish would go well with a good white wineese vestido pide unos zapatos más altos that dress needs shoes with a higher heelestá pidiendo una bofetada she's asking for a slapesta planta está pidiendo a gritos que la rieguen this plant is crying out to be watered■ pedirvi1 (mendigar) to begpide a la puerta de la iglesia he begs at the church door2 (en un bar, restaurante) to order3 (para tener algo) ( AmL) to askpidió para salir temprano he asked if he could go early o he asked permission to go earlyestos niños sólo saben pedir these chidren are very demanding o do nothing but make demands■ pedirseme pido la cama de arriba I have dibs on the top bunk, I bags the top bunk* * *
pedir ( conjugate pedir) verbo transitivo
1
pidió permiso para salir she asked permission to leave;
pide limosna he begs (for money);
pedirle algo a algn to ask sb for sth;
le pidió ayuda he asked her for help;
me pidió disculpas or perdón he apologized (to me);
pedir hora to make an appointment;
pedir la palabra to ask for permission to speak;
me pidió que le enseñara he asked me to teach him;
ver prestado
‹ cuenta› to ask for
2 (Com)a) ( como precio) pedir algo POR algo to ask sth for sth;◊ ¿cuánto pide por la casa? how much is she asking for the house?
verbo intransitivo
pedir verbo transitivo
1 (un favor) to ask: me pidió que la ayudara, he asked me to help her
2 (una cosa) to ask for: el niño le pidió unos caramelos, the child asked him for some sweets ➣ Ver nota en ask
3 (en la tienda, en el bar, etc) to order
4 (limosna) to beg
5 (requerir, necesitar) to need: ese coche está pidiendo que lo laven, that car needs washing
♦ Locuciones: pedir a gritos, to cry out
pedir disculpas, to apologize
pedir prestado, to borrow
a pedir de boca, just fine
' pedir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
apestosa
- apestoso
- bastar
- boca
- cita
- cobrar
- cuenta
- demandar
- disculpa
- hora
- luna
- pera
- perdón
- prestar
- requerir
- socorro
- voz
- asilo
- audiencia
- auxilio
- aventón
- cola
- excusar
- gorrear
- informe
- justicia
- limosna
- mano
- ordenar
- palabra
- palmada
- pida
- prestado
- qué
- raid
- turno
- vez
English:
apologetic
- appeal
- apply for
- appointment
- ask
- ask for
- asylum
- beg
- borrow
- clamor
- clamour
- cry out for
- formality
- get
- have
- invite
- may
- order
- permission
- propose
- request
- seek
- send away for
- send for
- send off for
- shall
- sorry
- summon
- tall order
- want
- wish
- write back
- write off
- apologize
- by
- call
- claim
- cry
- hitch
- impossible
- make
- might
- place
- send
- urge
* * *♦ vt1. [solicitar] to ask for;pedir algo a alguien to ask sb for sth;me pidió (mi) opinión she asked me (for) my opinion;pedir un taxi (por teléfono) to ring for a taxi;pedir a alguien que haga algo to ask sb to do sth;le pido que sea breve, por favor I would ask you to be brief, please;le pedí que saliera conmigo I asked her out;pedir a alguien en matrimonio, pedir la mano de alguien to ask for sb's hand (in marriage);pedir prestado algo a alguien to borrow sth from sb;pide un millón por la moto he's asking a million for the motorbike;no tienes más que pedirlo all you need to do is ask;si no es mucho pedir if it's not too much to ask;CAm, Méx2. [en bares, restaurantes] to order;¿qué has pedido de postre? what have you ordered for dessert?3. [mercancías] to order;pedir algo a alguien to order sth from sb4. [exigir] to demand;¡pido que se me escuche! I demand to be heard!;le pedimos al gobierno una inmediata retirada de las tropas we demand that the government withdraw its troops immediately;la acusación pide veinte años de cárcel the prosecution is asking for twenty years5. [requerir] to call for, to need;los cactus piden poca agua cacti don't need a lot of water;esta cocina está pidiendo a gritos que la limpies this kitchen is crying out for you to clean it♦ vi1. [mendigar] to beg;hay mucha gente pidiendo por la calle there are a lot of beggars in the streets2. [en bares, restaurantes] to order;¿han pedido ya? have you ordered?* * *I v/t1 ask for;pedir algo a alguien ask s.o. for sth;me pidió que no fuera he asked me not to go;te lo pido I beg you2 ( necesitar) needII v/i1 ( mendigar) beg* * *pedir {54} vt1) : to ask for, to requestle pedí un préstamo a Claudia: I asked Claudia for a loan2) : to order (food, merchandise)3)pedir perdón : to apologizepedir vi1) : to order2) : to beg* * *pedir vb1. (en general) to ask for¿cuánto piden por el cuadro? how much are they asking for the picture?2. (un favor) to ask3. (en restaurante) to order¿qué has pedido de segundo? what have you ordered for your main course? -
109 reducir
v.1 to reduce.nos han reducido el sueldo our salary has been cutreducir algo a algo to reduce something to somethingreducir algo al absurdo to make a nonsense of somethingElla redujo la velocidad She reduced the speed.2 to suppress, to subdue (someter) (país, ciudad).3 to convert (Mat) (convertir).4 to set (medicine).5 to shorten, to shrink.Ellos redujeron las tablas They shortened the boards.6 to cut down, to depress, to de-escalate, to deescalate.Ellos redujeron los gastos They cut down expenses.7 to conquer, to subdue, to subjugate.Ellos redujeron a los nativos They conquered the natives.8 to hydrogenate.* * *1 (gen) to reduce2 (disminuir) to reduce, cut, cut down on3 (vencer) to subdue4 MEDICINA to set5 (una salsa, etc) to reduce, boil down1 AUTOMÓVIL to change down, change to a lower gear1 (gen) to be reduced; (decrecer) to decrease2 (resultar) to come down (a, to)* * *verb1) to reduce, cut2) decrease3) subdue* * *1. VT1) (=disminuir)a) [en cantidad] [+ gastos, inflación, precio] to reduce, bring down, cut; [+ tensión, ansiedad] to reduce; [+ riesgo] to reduce, lessenmedidas encaminadas a reducir el número de parados — measures designed to reduce o bring down o cut the number of unemployed
han reducido las listas de espera en los hospitales — they have reduced o cut hospital waiting lists
el autobús redujo su velocidad — the bus reduced speed, the bus slowed down
el banco redujo su beneficio un 12% — the bank saw its profits fall by 12%
•
reducir algo en algo — to reduce sth by sth, cut sth by sthtenemos que reducir la producción en un 20% — we have to reduce o cut production by 20%
b) [en tiempo] [+ jornada laboral] to reduce, shorten; [+ sentencia] to reducehan reducido la mili a nueve meses — they have reduced o cut military service to nine months
sus abogados consiguieron reducir la sentencia a dos meses — his lawyers managed to get his sentence reduced to two months
c) [en tamaño] [+ copia] to reduce; [+ discurso, artículo] to cut down, shorten2)•
reducir algo a algo —a) (=limitar) to limit sth to sth; (=simplificar) to reduce sth to sthredujo su intervención a criticar al gobierno — her participation was limited to criticizing the government
b) (=convertir) [+ cantidad, medida] to convert sth into sth; [+ fracción, ecuación] to reduce sth into sth3) (=someter) [+ ladrón, fugitivo, loco] to overpower; [+ alborotadores] to subdue; [+ fortaleza] to subdue, reduce frm•
reducir a algn al silencio — [por la fuerza, por miedo] to silence sb; [por vergüenza, humillación] to reduce sb to silence4) (Med) [+ hueso, hernia] to set, reduce frm5) (Quím) to reduce6) LAm [en el mercado negro] to get rid of *2.VI (Aut) to change down3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <gastos/costos> to cut, reduce; <velocidad/producción/consumo> to reducereducir al mínimo los riesgos — to minimize o to reduce the risks to a minimum
le redujeron la pena — they shortened o reduced his sentence
reducir algo a su mínima expresión — (Mat) to reduce something to its simplest form
b) <fotocopia/fotografía> to reduce2)a) ( transformar)reducir algo A algo: reducir los gramos a milígramos to convert the grams to milligrams; quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes; mis ilusiones quedaron reducidas a la nada — my dreams came to nothing
b) (Quím) to reducec) (AmS) < objeto robado> to receive, fence (colloq)4) <fractura/hernia> to set, reduce (tech)2.reducir vi1) (Coc) to reduce, boil down2) (Auto) to shift into a lower gear3.reducirse v pronreducirse A algo: todo se reduce a tener tacto it all comes down to being tactful; todo se redujo a un paseo por el río — in the end it was just a walk by the river
* * *= abridge, compress, contract, curtail, erode, gut, narrow, prune, reduce, shorten, stifle, lower, cut back (on), cut, cut down (on), deplete, lessen, pare down, keep down + Nombre, retrench, narrow down, whittle (away/down/at), slim down, slow down, slow up, taper, wind + Nombre + down, cut + Nombre + short, scale back, downgrade [down-grade], shave off, shrink, mark + Nombre + down.Ex. Inevitably any abridgement poses the dilemma how to abridge, that is, what to leave out and what to include.Ex. A library of a million volumes could be compressed into one end of a desk.Ex. In the face of emergencies, breadth of vision tends to contract, narrowing the range of responses.Ex. The imposition of fee-based services may radically curtail the breadth of resources available to library users where historically information has been offered freely.Ex. These arrangements should also erode price differentials between Europe and the US, and permit each country to support its own online services.Ex. Prices of European produced scientific, technical and medical serials continue to gut US research libraries.Ex. Hierarchical relationships must be indicated in order that the users may broaden or narrow the search parameters.Ex. More balanced schedules were achieved by pruning the 31000 subjects enumerated in the fourteenth edition to 4700.Ex. The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.Ex. If there are holds on the title, the loan period is shortened to 14 days.Ex. Excessive emphasis on the need to exact payment will stifle the flow of information.Ex. When a forme was in place on the press stone, paper was lowered on to it by means of a tympan and frisket.Ex. But higher education, which expanded between 1959 and 1979 from 164,000 to 519,600 students in full-time higher education, has also been cutting back on purchases.Ex. 'The word's out: all departments have to cut their staffs by 10%' -- Her voice was weak and laden with woe.Ex. Abstracts cut down considerably on legwork in hunting for information.Ex. This intermediate grade would equate with the senior library assistant, a category much depleted in UK academic librarianship.Ex. Two possible solutions are possible: (1) to lessen the frequency of production, or (2) to reduce the amount of detail in the entries.Ex. He said again that we should pare it down to something much more in line with his figures.Ex. Activities such as gardening or cookery are dealt with in many books in ways which go far beyond the simple keeping down of weeds or just filling empty stomachs.Ex. In the face of overpublishing and growing scepticism, this once booming area is now retrenching and broadening its coverage = En vista del exceso de publicaciones y del creciente escepticismo, este área que una vez estuvo en auge ahora ha venido a menos.Ex. By specifying the fields to be searched, the user can narrow down the search in a very convenient way.Ex. However, such idealism is often whittled away over time by bureaucratic problems & organizational demands.Ex. The abundance of book types and titles makes display and merchandising increasingly difficult; some booksellers are dealing with this by slimming down or cutting out certain categories.Ex. However, the flight from DC appears to have slowed down more quickly than was anticipated, and we no longer read of large numbers of libraries making the change.Ex. Since cataloging is the most time consuming part of digitization, it has slowed up the placement of files.Ex. The tube in the two types tapers almost unnoticeably from base to tip.Ex. Not the least of the ironies of this venture is that going ahead with it is as full of hazard as winding it down abruptly.Ex. May I just cut you short, because I've discussed this problem with Peter Jacobs just this week.Ex. He first spotted trouble when she started being short with users and so he solved the problem by scaling back her workload.Ex. The opposite of the 'halo effect' -- downgrading someone you dislike but whose work is good -- is also an error.Ex. You can shave off as much as 50% or even more from your current rate for home insurance in Arizona.Ex. The 'false hit' problem still arises, but becomes less likely as the 'neighborhood' of the two words shrinks.Ex. They have just marked down all summer handbags to 50 percent off.----* que reduce el estrés = stress-reducing.* reducir a cero = reduce to + nil.* reducir a la mitad = halve, cut in + half, halve, reduce by + half.* reducir a la nada = reduce to + nil.* reducir al mínimo = minimise [minimize, -USA], reduce to + a minimum, cut down to + a minimum, keep to + a (bare) minimum, cut to + the bone.* reducir a lo mínimo = cut to + the bone.* reducir a miniatura = miniaturise [miniaturize, -USA].* reducir costes = reduce + costs.* reducir de plantilla = downsize.* reducir de tamaño = reduce in + size.* reducir el esfuerzo = reduce + effort.* reducir el impacto = minimise + impact.* reducir el papeleo = slash + red tape.* reducir el precio = reduce + price, cut + price.* reducir el presupuesto = cut + monies from + budget.* reducir el riesgo = reduce + risk.* reducir el tamaño = reduce + size.* reducir el tiempo = cut down + time.* reducir el valor = reduce + value.* reducir gastos = cut + costs, cut + spending, make + economies, make + cuts, reduce + costs.* reducir gradualmente = scale down.* reducir la burocracia = slash + red tape.* reducir la posibilidad = minimise + possibility.* reducir la probabilidad = reduce + chances.* reducir las diferencias = bridge + the gap, bridge + the divide, bridge + the chasm, bridge + the gulf, close + the gap.* reducir las diferencias entre... y = narrow + the gap between... and.* reducir las distancias = reduce + distance, close + the gap.* reducir las posibilidades de = narrow + the vision of.* reducir los beneficios = cut + profit.* reducir los impuestos = cut + taxes.* reducir pérdidas = cut down + losses, cut + losses.* reducir progresivamente = phase out.* reducirse a = boil down to, come down to.* reducirse poco a poco = dribble off.* reducir una limitación = push + limits (further and further back).* reducir una palabra a su raíz = stem.* reducir un obstáculo = lower + barrier.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <gastos/costos> to cut, reduce; <velocidad/producción/consumo> to reducereducir al mínimo los riesgos — to minimize o to reduce the risks to a minimum
le redujeron la pena — they shortened o reduced his sentence
reducir algo a su mínima expresión — (Mat) to reduce something to its simplest form
b) <fotocopia/fotografía> to reduce2)a) ( transformar)reducir algo A algo: reducir los gramos a milígramos to convert the grams to milligrams; quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes; mis ilusiones quedaron reducidas a la nada — my dreams came to nothing
b) (Quím) to reducec) (AmS) < objeto robado> to receive, fence (colloq)4) <fractura/hernia> to set, reduce (tech)2.reducir vi1) (Coc) to reduce, boil down2) (Auto) to shift into a lower gear3.reducirse v pronreducirse A algo: todo se reduce a tener tacto it all comes down to being tactful; todo se redujo a un paseo por el río — in the end it was just a walk by the river
* * *= abridge, compress, contract, curtail, erode, gut, narrow, prune, reduce, shorten, stifle, lower, cut back (on), cut, cut down (on), deplete, lessen, pare down, keep down + Nombre, retrench, narrow down, whittle (away/down/at), slim down, slow down, slow up, taper, wind + Nombre + down, cut + Nombre + short, scale back, downgrade [down-grade], shave off, shrink, mark + Nombre + down.Ex: Inevitably any abridgement poses the dilemma how to abridge, that is, what to leave out and what to include.
Ex: A library of a million volumes could be compressed into one end of a desk.Ex: In the face of emergencies, breadth of vision tends to contract, narrowing the range of responses.Ex: The imposition of fee-based services may radically curtail the breadth of resources available to library users where historically information has been offered freely.Ex: These arrangements should also erode price differentials between Europe and the US, and permit each country to support its own online services.Ex: Prices of European produced scientific, technical and medical serials continue to gut US research libraries.Ex: Hierarchical relationships must be indicated in order that the users may broaden or narrow the search parameters.Ex: More balanced schedules were achieved by pruning the 31000 subjects enumerated in the fourteenth edition to 4700.Ex: The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.Ex: If there are holds on the title, the loan period is shortened to 14 days.Ex: Excessive emphasis on the need to exact payment will stifle the flow of information.Ex: When a forme was in place on the press stone, paper was lowered on to it by means of a tympan and frisket.Ex: But higher education, which expanded between 1959 and 1979 from 164,000 to 519,600 students in full-time higher education, has also been cutting back on purchases.Ex: 'The word's out: all departments have to cut their staffs by 10%' -- Her voice was weak and laden with woe.Ex: Abstracts cut down considerably on legwork in hunting for information.Ex: This intermediate grade would equate with the senior library assistant, a category much depleted in UK academic librarianship.Ex: Two possible solutions are possible: (1) to lessen the frequency of production, or (2) to reduce the amount of detail in the entries.Ex: He said again that we should pare it down to something much more in line with his figures.Ex: Activities such as gardening or cookery are dealt with in many books in ways which go far beyond the simple keeping down of weeds or just filling empty stomachs.Ex: In the face of overpublishing and growing scepticism, this once booming area is now retrenching and broadening its coverage = En vista del exceso de publicaciones y del creciente escepticismo, este área que una vez estuvo en auge ahora ha venido a menos.Ex: By specifying the fields to be searched, the user can narrow down the search in a very convenient way.Ex: However, such idealism is often whittled away over time by bureaucratic problems & organizational demands.Ex: The abundance of book types and titles makes display and merchandising increasingly difficult; some booksellers are dealing with this by slimming down or cutting out certain categories.Ex: However, the flight from DC appears to have slowed down more quickly than was anticipated, and we no longer read of large numbers of libraries making the change.Ex: Since cataloging is the most time consuming part of digitization, it has slowed up the placement of files.Ex: The tube in the two types tapers almost unnoticeably from base to tip.Ex: Not the least of the ironies of this venture is that going ahead with it is as full of hazard as winding it down abruptly.Ex: May I just cut you short, because I've discussed this problem with Peter Jacobs just this week.Ex: He first spotted trouble when she started being short with users and so he solved the problem by scaling back her workload.Ex: The opposite of the 'halo effect' -- downgrading someone you dislike but whose work is good -- is also an error.Ex: You can shave off as much as 50% or even more from your current rate for home insurance in Arizona.Ex: The 'false hit' problem still arises, but becomes less likely as the 'neighborhood' of the two words shrinks.Ex: They have just marked down all summer handbags to 50 percent off.* que reduce el estrés = stress-reducing.* reducir a cero = reduce to + nil.* reducir a la mitad = halve, cut in + half, halve, reduce by + half.* reducir a la nada = reduce to + nil.* reducir al mínimo = minimise [minimize, -USA], reduce to + a minimum, cut down to + a minimum, keep to + a (bare) minimum, cut to + the bone.* reducir a lo mínimo = cut to + the bone.* reducir a miniatura = miniaturise [miniaturize, -USA].* reducir costes = reduce + costs.* reducir de plantilla = downsize.* reducir de tamaño = reduce in + size.* reducir el esfuerzo = reduce + effort.* reducir el impacto = minimise + impact.* reducir el papeleo = slash + red tape.* reducir el precio = reduce + price, cut + price.* reducir el presupuesto = cut + monies from + budget.* reducir el riesgo = reduce + risk.* reducir el tamaño = reduce + size.* reducir el tiempo = cut down + time.* reducir el valor = reduce + value.* reducir gastos = cut + costs, cut + spending, make + economies, make + cuts, reduce + costs.* reducir gradualmente = scale down.* reducir la burocracia = slash + red tape.* reducir la posibilidad = minimise + possibility.* reducir la probabilidad = reduce + chances.* reducir las diferencias = bridge + the gap, bridge + the divide, bridge + the chasm, bridge + the gulf, close + the gap.* reducir las diferencias entre... y = narrow + the gap between... and.* reducir las distancias = reduce + distance, close + the gap.* reducir las posibilidades de = narrow + the vision of.* reducir los beneficios = cut + profit.* reducir los impuestos = cut + taxes.* reducir pérdidas = cut down + losses, cut + losses.* reducir progresivamente = phase out.* reducirse a = boil down to, come down to.* reducirse poco a poco = dribble off.* reducir una limitación = push + limits (further and further back).* reducir una palabra a su raíz = stem.* reducir un obstáculo = lower + barrier.* * *reducir [I6 ]vtA1 ‹gastos/costos› to cut, cut down on, reduce; ‹velocidad› to reduce; ‹producción/consumo› to reducehemos reducido el número de casos we have brought down o reduced the number of casesredujeron el número de plazas they cut the number of places o the number of places was reducedhan prometido reducir los impuestos they have promised to cut o reduce taxescon esto se intenta reducir al mínimo el riesgo de infección this is intended to minimize o to reduce to a minimum the risk of infectionejercicios para reducir (la) cintura exercises to reduce your waistlinereducir algo A algo to reduce sth TO sthhan reducido el texto a 50 páginas they have shortened o reduced the text to fifty pagesle han reducido la pena a dos años they have commuted o shortened o reduced his sentence to two yearsla población quedó reducida a la mitad the population was reduced to half of its former sizereducir algo a su mínima expresión ( Mat) to reduce sth to its simplest expression o formel suéter quedó reducido a su mínima expresión ( hum); the sweater shrank to nothingreducir algo EN algo to reduce sth BY sthpretenden reducir el gasto en cinco millones they aim to reduce costs by five million2 ‹fotocopia/fotografía› to reduceB1 (transformar) reducir algo A algo:reducir los gramos a miligramos to convert the grams to milligramsreducir quebrados a un mínimo común denominador to reduce fractions to their lowest common denominatorquedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashestodas sus ilusiones quedaron reducidas a la nada all his dreams were shattered2 ( Quím) to reduceC (dominar, someter) ‹enemigo/rebeldes› to subdue; ‹ladrón› to overpowerreducir a un pueblo a la esclavitud to reduce a people to slaveryD ‹fractura/hernia› to set, reduce ( tech)E (CS) ‹cadáver/restos mortales› to exhume ( for reburial in a niche or smaller coffin)■ reducirviA ( Coc) to reduce, boil downdejar reducir la salsa leave the sauce to boil down o reducereducirse A algo:todo se reduce a saber interpretar las cifras it all comes down to knowing how to interpret the figurestodo se redujo a una visita a la catedral y un paseo por el río in the end it was just a visit to the cathedral and a walk along the river* * *
reducir ( conjugate reducir) verbo transitivo
1
‹velocidad/producción/consumo› to reduce;
reducir algo A algo to reduce sth to sth;
reducir algo EN algo to reduce sth by sth
2a) ( transformar):
quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes
3 ( dominar) ‹enemigo/rebeldes› to subdue;
‹ ladrón› to overpower
reducirse verbo pronominal:
reducir
I verbo transitivo
1 (disminuir) to reduce
reducir algo en algo, to reduce sthg by sthg
(gastos, consumo, etc) to cut (down), minimize
2 (convertir, transformar) to reduce: el incendio redujo el bosque a cenizas, the fire reduced the wood to ashes
3 (subyugar) to subdue
II vi Auto to change down, US to downshift
' reducir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bajar
- ceniza
- encaminada
- encaminado
- moler
- disminuir
- minimizar
- mínimo
- mira
English:
administrative
- austerity
- ax
- axe
- change down
- corner
- curtail
- cut
- cut back
- cut down
- decrease
- deficit
- deplenish
- deplete
- depress
- downsize
- effective
- halve
- lighten
- lower
- narrow down
- prune
- pulp
- rate
- receive
- reduce
- retrench
- scale down
- shorten
- slow
- wind down
- bring
- cost
- deaden
- decelerate
- diminish
- discount
- get
- lessen
- loss
- minimize
- over
- pare
- scale
- slacken
- traffic
- whittle
- wind
* * *♦ vt1. [disminuir] to reduce;[gastos, costes, impuestos, plantilla] to cut; [producción] to cut (back on);nos han reducido el sueldo our salary has been cut;reduzca la velocidad [en letrero] reduce speed now;reducir algo a algo to reduce sth to sth;el edificio quedó reducido a escombros the building was reduced to a pile of rubble;reducir algo al mínimo to reduce sth to a minimum;tú todo lo reduces a tener dinero the only thing you care about is money;reducir a la mínima expresión to cut down to the bare minimum2. [fotocopia] to reduce3. [someter] [país, ciudad] to suppress, to subdue;[atracador, ladrón, sublevados] to overpower6. Quím to reduce8. Andes, RP [objetos robados] to receive, to fence9. RP [cadáver] to exhume [for reburial in smaller container]♦ vireduce a tercera change down into third (gear)* * *v/t1 reduce (a to); gastos cut;reducir personal cut jobs, reduce staff numbers;reducir la marcha AUTO downshift, shift into a lower gear2 MIL overcome* * *reducir {61} vt1) disminuir: to reduce, to decrease, to cut2) : to subdue3) : to boil down* * *reducir vb to reduce -
110 voluntad
f.1 will, willpower.tiene mucha/poca (fuerza de) voluntad she has a very strong/weak willvoluntad de hierro iron will2 will (deseo).no existe la voluntad política de resolver el problema there isn't the political will to solve the problemcontra la voluntad de alguien against somebody's willpor causas ajenas a mi voluntad for reasons beyond my controlpor voluntad propia of one's own free willúltima voluntad last will and testament3 intention.mala voluntad ill willbuena voluntad goodwill4 free will.¿qué le debo? — la voluntad what do I owe you? — whatever you think fit5 bulesis.* * *1 (cualidad) will2 (fuerza de voluntad) willpower3 (deseo) wish4 (propósito) intention, purpose5 (afecto) affection\a voluntad at willganarse la voluntad de alguien to win somebody overhacer uno su santa voluntad familiar to have one's way, do as one likeshágase tu voluntad RELIGIÓN Thy will be donepor causas ajenas a nuestra voluntad due to reasons beyond our control¿qué quiere? -la voluntad ¿what do you want? -whatever you think rightbuena voluntad goodwillúltima voluntad last wishvoluntad de Dios God's willvoluntad de hierro / voluntad férrea will of iron, iron will* * *noun f.1) will2) intention* * *SF1) (=capacidad decisoria) willpor voluntad propia — of one's own volition o free will
2) (=deseo) wishno lo dije con voluntad de ofenderle — I did not say it with any wish to offend you, I had no desire to offend you
última voluntad — last wish; (Jur) last will and testament
hágase tu voluntad — (Rel) Thy will be done
le cuesta, pero tiene mucha voluntad — it's difficult for him, but he has a lot of willpower o a strong will
hace falta voluntad para escucharlo hasta el final — you need a strong will to listen to it right through
voluntad de hierro, voluntad férrea — iron will
4) (=disposición) will•
buena voluntad, lo solucionaremos con un poco de buena voluntad — with a bit of good will we'll find a solutionlo sugerí con buena voluntad — I suggested it with the best of intentions, I suggested it in good faith
los hombres de buena voluntad — (Rel) men of goodwill
•
mala voluntad, hay muy mala voluntad contra el presidente — there is a lot of ill will against the president- ganarse la voluntad de algn5)•a voluntad — at will
6)—
cada uno da la voluntad para contribuir al regalo — everyone is free to contribute what they want towards the present
-¿cuánto es? -la voluntad — "how much is it?" - "as much as you think it's worth"
7) † (=afecto) fondness, affectiontener voluntad a algn — to be fond of sb, feel affection for sb
* * *1)a) ( facultad) willb) ( deseo) wishhace su santa voluntad — she does whatever she likes o pleases
lo hizo por (su) propia voluntad — he did it of his own free will o of his own volition
voluntad de + inf — wish to + inf
hágase tu voluntad — (Relig) Thy will be done
a voluntad: se puede comer a voluntad you can eat to your heart's content; la donación es a voluntad — donations are at one's discretion
2) ( firmeza de intención) tb3) (disposición, intención)ganarse la voluntad de alguien — to win somebody's favor*
* * *= will.Ex. 'I only wanted to write an interesting tale,' he will say, ignoring that the interest of a story almost always comes from seeing the human will in action -- against chaos or against order.----* acomodarse a la voluntad de Alguien = bend itself to + Posesivo + will.* a voluntad = at will.* buena voluntad = goodwill [good will].* con la mejor voluntad del mundo = in good faith.* contra la voluntad de Alguien = against + Posesivo + will.* de buena voluntad = in good faith.* falta de voluntad = reluctance.* fuerza de voluntad = force of will, willpower [will power].* mala voluntad = ill will.* por su propia voluntad = of its own accord.* por voluntad propia = voluntarily.* voluntad de hierro = iron will, will of iron.* voluntad de mantener Algo en secreto = secretiveness.* voluntad de ocultar Algo = secretiveness.* voluntad férrea = iron will, will of iron.* voluntad personal = personal will.* * *1)a) ( facultad) willb) ( deseo) wishhace su santa voluntad — she does whatever she likes o pleases
lo hizo por (su) propia voluntad — he did it of his own free will o of his own volition
voluntad de + inf — wish to + inf
hágase tu voluntad — (Relig) Thy will be done
a voluntad: se puede comer a voluntad you can eat to your heart's content; la donación es a voluntad — donations are at one's discretion
2) ( firmeza de intención) tb3) (disposición, intención)ganarse la voluntad de alguien — to win somebody's favor*
* * *= will.Ex: 'I only wanted to write an interesting tale,' he will say, ignoring that the interest of a story almost always comes from seeing the human will in action -- against chaos or against order.
* acomodarse a la voluntad de Alguien = bend itself to + Posesivo + will.* a voluntad = at will.* buena voluntad = goodwill [good will].* con la mejor voluntad del mundo = in good faith.* contra la voluntad de Alguien = against + Posesivo + will.* de buena voluntad = in good faith.* falta de voluntad = reluctance.* fuerza de voluntad = force of will, willpower [will power].* mala voluntad = ill will.* por su propia voluntad = of its own accord.* por voluntad propia = voluntarily.* voluntad de hierro = iron will, will of iron.* voluntad de mantener Algo en secreto = secretiveness.* voluntad de ocultar Algo = secretiveness.* voluntad férrea = iron will, will of iron.* voluntad personal = personal will.* * *A1 (facultad) will2 (deseo) wishdebemos respetar su voluntad we must respect their wishespor expresa voluntad de los familiares by express wish of the familylo hago contra mi voluntad I'm doing it against my willsiempre tiene que hacer su santa voluntad he always has to have his (own) way o to have things his wayrenunció al cargo por propia voluntad he resigned from the post of his own free will o of his own volitionla voluntad política del pueblo the political will o wishes of the peoplevoluntad DE + INF wish to + INFsin voluntad de ofender without wishing to offend anyonereiteró su voluntad de dejar los hábitos he reaffirmed his wish to leave the priesthoodpor causas ajenas a nuestra voluntad for reasons beyond our controlhágase tu voluntad ( Relig) Thy will be donea voluntad: se puede comer y beber a voluntad you can eat and drink to your heart's contentno tienes que hacerlo si no quieres, es a voluntad you don't have to do it if you don't want to, it's entirely up to youla donación es a voluntad donations are at one's discretionla voluntad ( Esp): ¿cuánto le debo? — la voluntad how much is it? — whatever you like o whatever you can spareCompuesto:divine will, God's willfuerza de voluntad willpowerno tiene voluntad para dejar la bebida he doesn't have the willpower to give up drinkinges un hombre de mucha voluntad he has great willpower o determinationCompuesto:will of iron, iron willC(disposición, intención): lo hice con mi mejor voluntad I did it with the best of intentionspaz a los hombres de buena voluntad peace to men of goodwillagradezco tu buena voluntad pero prefiero hacerlo sola I appreciate your willingness to help but I'd prefer to do it on my ownlo dijo con mala voluntad she was trying to cause trouble when she said it, she said it with evil intent ( frml)ganarse la voluntad de algn to win sb's favor*tenerle mala voluntad a algn to dislike sb* * *
voluntad sustantivo femenino
1
lo hizo por (su) propia voluntad he did it of his own free will;
manifestó su voluntad de renunciar he expressed his wish to resign;
por causas ajenas a su voluntad for reasons beyond his control
2 ( firmeza de intención) tb
3 (disposición, intención):
agradezco tu buena voluntad I appreciate your willingness to help;
mostrar buena voluntad hacia algn to show goodwill to o toward(s) sb
voluntad sustantivo femenino
1 will
por mi propia voluntad, of my own free will
fuerza de voluntad, willpower
2 (deseo) wish
contra la voluntad de su madre, against his mother's wishes
última voluntad, last wish
3 (intención) con su mejor voluntad, with the best of intentions
' voluntad' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ajena
- ajeno
- arbitrio
- disposición
- férrea
- férreo
- flaquear
- gana
- grado
- pueblo
- santa
- santo
- someterse
- coartar
- debilitar
- dispuesto
- fuerza
- inquebrantable
- querer
- último
English:
afraid
- break
- goodwill
- inclination
- iron
- strength
- strong-willed
- unwillingness
- volition
- weak-willed
- will
- willingness
- willpower
- would
- beyond
- control
- free
- gesture
- good
- impose
- voluntarily
- willingly
- wish
* * *voluntad nf1. [determinación] will, willpower;tiene mucha/poca (fuerza de) voluntad she has a very strong/weak will;no lo conseguirá por falta de voluntad she'll never manage it because she hasn't got the willpower;pone mucha voluntad en su trabajo she's a very willing workervoluntad férrea iron will;voluntad de hierro iron will2. [deseo] will, wishes;no existe la voluntad política de resolver el problema there isn't the political will to solve the problem;expresaron su voluntad de entregar las armas they said they were willing to hand over their weapons;no era ésa mi voluntad that wasn't my intention, that's not what I wanted;contra la voluntad de alguien against sb's will;no podemos ir contra la voluntad popular we cannot go against the popular will;hágase tu voluntad Thy will be done;al final impuso su voluntad she got her way in the end;por causas ajenas a mi voluntad for reasons beyond my control;por voluntad de alguien: fue arquitecto por voluntad de su padre he was an architect because that's what his father wanted;dimitió por voluntad propia she resigned of her own free will o of her own volition;última voluntad last will and testament;Famhizo su santa voluntad he did just as he pleased3. [intención] intention;buena voluntad goodwill;gentes de buena voluntad people of goodwill;mala voluntad ill will4. [albedrío] free will;puedes usarlo a voluntad you can use it as much as you like;lo dejo a tu voluntad I'll leave it up to you;¿qué le debo? – la voluntad what do I owe you? – whatever you think fit* * *f will;buena/mala voluntad good/ill will;voluntad de hierro fig iron will;última voluntad last wish;por voluntad propia of one’s own free will;a voluntad at will* * *voluntad nf1) : will, volition2) deseo: desire, wish3) intención: intention4)a voluntad : at will5)buena voluntad : good will6)mala voluntad : ill will7)fuerza de voluntad : will-power* * *voluntad n1. (capacidad) will2. (deseo) wish -
111 gana
f.1 desire, wish.me dan o entran ganas de llorar I feel like cryingtener ganas de (hacer) algo to feel like (doing) something¡qué ganas tengo de empezar las vacaciones! I can't wait for the holidays to start!no tengo ganas de que me pongan una multa I don't fancy getting a finequedarse con (las) ganas de hacer algo not to manage to do somethingde buena gana willinglyde mala gana unwillinglyhace/come todo lo que le viene en gana she does/eats whatever she pleases¿por qué habrá dicho eso? — son ganas de fastidiar why would he say a thing like that? — he's just being nasty2 appetite (apetito).comer sin ganas to eat without appetite, to pick at one's food3 Gana.pres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: ganar.imperat.2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: ganar.* * *1 (deseo) wish (de, for), desire\dar a alguien la gana de hacer algo familiar to feel like doing somethingde buena gana willinglyde mala gana reluctantlyentrarle a uno ganas de (hacer) algo to really feel like (doing) somethinghacer algo con ganas familiar to really enjoy doing somethingquedarse con las ganas de hacer algo familiar not to get to do something, not get a chance to do somethingtener gana (hambre) to be hungrytener ganas de (hacer) algo to feel like (doing) somethingtenerle ganas a alguien familiar to have it in for somebodyvenir a uno en gana familiar to feel like* * *noun f.desire, wish* * *SF1)• hacer algo con ganas — to do sth willingly o enthusiastically
comer/reírse con ganas — to eat/laugh heartily
•
dar ganas, esto da ganas de comerlo — it makes you want to eat it•
le entran ganas de hacer algo — he gets the urge to do sth•
quedarse con las ganas — to be left disappointed, be left wanting•
quitársele a algn las ganas de algo, se me han quitado las ganas de ir — I don't feel like going now o any more•
hacer algo sin ganas — to do sth reluctantly o unwillingly•
tener ganas de hacer algo — to feel like doing sthtengo ganas de vomitar — I feel sick, I'm going to be sick
hola, ¿cómo estás? tenía ganas de verte — hi, how are you? I was hoping I'd see you
tengo unas ganas locas de verte — I can't wait to see you, I'm dying to see you
tengo pocas ganas de ir — I don't feel like going much, I don't really want to go
malditas las ganas que tengo de ir — * there's no way I want to go
2)de buena gana te ayudaría, pero no puedo — I'd gladly help you, but I can't
me visto como me da la gana — I dress the way I want to, I dress as I please
¡no me da la gana! — I don't want to!
me da la gana de — + infin I feel like + ger, I want to + infin
- de ganapagar hasta las ganas — * to pay over the odds
ser ganas de —
son ganas de molestar o fastidiar — they're just trying to be awkward
- es ganavenirle en gana a algn —
no me viene en gana — I don't feel like it, I can't be bothered
* * *a) ( deseo)haz lo que te dé la gana or lo que te venga en gana — do what you like
quería ir pero me quedé con las ganas — (fam) I wanted to go, but it wasn't to be
se quedó con las ganas de decirle lo que pensaba — she never got to tell him what she really thought
si te crees que va a decir que sí te vas a quedar con las ganas — (fam) if you think he's going to say yes, you've got another think coming (colloq)
con ganas: llover con ganas to pour down; es feo/tonto con ganas he is so ugly/stupid!; de buena/mala gana willingly/reluctantly; tenerle ganas a alguien — (fam) (de pegarle, reñirlo) to be out to get somebody (colloq); ( sexualmente) (Col, CS) to have the hots for somebody (colloq)
b)ganas de + inf: jóvenes con ganas de pasarlo bien young people out for a good time; qué ganas de complicarte la vida! you really like making life difficult for yourself!; (no) tengo ganas de ir I (don't) feel like going; tengo ganas de volver a verte I'm looking forward to seeing you again; tengo unas ganas de decirle lo que pienso! I'd really like to tell him what I think!; (te) dan ganas de mandarlo todo al diablo it makes you want to say to hell with it all; le dieron or entraron ganas de reírse she felt like bursting out laughing; se me quitaron las ganas de ir I don't feel like going any more; tengo ganas de ir al servicio I need to go to the bathroom, I want to go to the toilet (BrE); me entraron ganas de vomitar — I felt sick
c)gana(s) de que + subj: tengo ganas de que llegue el verano — I'm looking forward to the summer
* * *a) ( deseo)haz lo que te dé la gana or lo que te venga en gana — do what you like
quería ir pero me quedé con las ganas — (fam) I wanted to go, but it wasn't to be
se quedó con las ganas de decirle lo que pensaba — she never got to tell him what she really thought
si te crees que va a decir que sí te vas a quedar con las ganas — (fam) if you think he's going to say yes, you've got another think coming (colloq)
con ganas: llover con ganas to pour down; es feo/tonto con ganas he is so ugly/stupid!; de buena/mala gana willingly/reluctantly; tenerle ganas a alguien — (fam) (de pegarle, reñirlo) to be out to get somebody (colloq); ( sexualmente) (Col, CS) to have the hots for somebody (colloq)
b)ganas de + inf: jóvenes con ganas de pasarlo bien young people out for a good time; qué ganas de complicarte la vida! you really like making life difficult for yourself!; (no) tengo ganas de ir I (don't) feel like going; tengo ganas de volver a verte I'm looking forward to seeing you again; tengo unas ganas de decirle lo que pienso! I'd really like to tell him what I think!; (te) dan ganas de mandarlo todo al diablo it makes you want to say to hell with it all; le dieron or entraron ganas de reírse she felt like bursting out laughing; se me quitaron las ganas de ir I don't feel like going any more; tengo ganas de ir al servicio I need to go to the bathroom, I want to go to the toilet (BrE); me entraron ganas de vomitar — I felt sick
c)gana(s) de que + subj: tengo ganas de que llegue el verano — I'm looking forward to the summer
* * *A1(deseo): ¡con qué ganas me comería un helado! I'd love an ice cream!, I could murder an ice cream! ( colloq)¡me iría a la cama con unas ganas! what I wouldn't give to be able to go to bed now! ( colloq)lo hizo sin ganas he did it very half-heartedly, he did it without much enthusiasmno fui porque no tenía ganas I didn't go because I didn't feel like ithaz lo que te digo — no me da la gana do as I tell you — I don't want to! o why should I?no lo hizo porque no se le pegó la gana ( Méx); he didn't do it because he didn't feel like it o he couldn't be botheredsiempre hace su regalada gana he always does what the hell he likes ( colloq)por mí puedes hacer lo que te dé la gana or lo que te venga en gana you can do what you like for all I careno lo hace porque no le da la real or realísima gana he doesn't do it because he just can't be botheredsiempre termina haciendo lo que le viene en gana she always ends up doing just what she likes o exactly as she pleasesqueríamos ir pero al final nos quedamos con las ganas ( fam); we wanted to go, but it wasn't to beme quedé con las ganas de decirle lo que pensaba I never got to tell him what I really thoughtsi te crees que te va a decir que sí te vas a quedar con las ganas ( fam); if you think he's going to say yes, you've got another think coming o you're in for a disappointment ( colloq)con ganas: llover con ganas to pour downde buena/mala gana: me ayudó de muy buena gana she helped me very willingly, she was very glad o happy to help mede buena gana me iría a acostar I would quite gladly o quite happily just go to bedestá trabajando de muy mala gana she's being very unenthusiastic o half-hearted about her workme lo prestó de mala gana he lent it to me reluctantly o unwillinglyle cobraron hasta las ganas por arreglarlo they charged him a fortune o the earth for repairing it ( colloq)las ganas ( fam): ánimo que ya estás terminando — sí, … las ganas come on, you've nearly finished — finished? if only! o you must be joking! ( colloq)tenerle ganas a algn ( fam) (de pegarle, reñirlo) to be out to get sb ( colloq) (sexualmente) ( AmS) to have the hots for sb ( colloq)2 gana(s) DE + INF:jóvenes con muchas ganas de pasárselo bien young people out for a good time¡qué ganas de complicarte la vida! you really like making life difficult for yourself!me muero de ganas de verlo I can't wait o ( colloq) I'm dying to see himtengo muchas ganas de volver a verte I'm really looking forward to seeing you again¡tengo unas ganas de decirle lo que pienso! I'd really like to tell him what I think!tengo muy pocas ganas de ir I don't feel like going in the least o one little bittantas ganas que tenías de tener la muñeca y ahora … you just had to have o you were so keen to have that doll and now …¡malditas las ganas que tengo de trabajar! I don't feel at all like o a bit like working!, the last thing I feel like doing is workingno es cierto, son ganas de hablar que tiene la gente it's not true, people just want something to talk aboutno tengo nada de ganas or no tengo ningunas ganas de estudiar I don't feel at all like o I don't feel a bit like studyingparece que hoy anda con ganas de molestar it seems he's out to be difficult today ( colloq)con este calor no dan ganas de trabajar you just don't feel like working in this heatte dan ganas de mandarlo todo al diablo it makes you want to say to hell with it allme dieron or entraron ganas de estrangularlo I could have strangled him o I felt like strangling himle dieron or entraron ganas de reírse she felt like bursting out laughingno le van a quedar ganas de volverlo a hacer he isn't going to want to do that again in a hurryse me han quitado las ganas I don't feel like it any more3 gana(s) DE QUE + SUBJ:tengo ganas de que llegue el verano I can't wait for the summer, I'm looking forward to the summerno tengo ganas de que me detengan I don't feel like getting (myself) arrested(necesidad): tengo ganas de ir al servicio I need to go to the bathroom ( AmE), I want to go to the lavatory ( BrE)me entraron ganas de vomitar I felt sick o ( AmE) nauseous* * *
Del verbo ganar: ( conjugate ganar)
gana es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Del verbo gañir: ( conjugate gañir)
gaña es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
gana
ganar
gañir
gana sustantivo femenino ( deseo):◊ ¡con qué ganas me comería un helado! I'd love an ice cream!;
lo hizo sin ganas he did it very half-heartedly;
siempre hace lo que le da la gana she always does just as she pleases;
quería ir pero me quedé con las ganas (fam) I wanted to go, but it wasn't to be;
tener ganas de hacer algo to feel like doing sth;
(no) tengo ganas de ir I (don't) feel like going;
tengo ganas de volver a verte I'm looking forward to seeing you again;
le dieron ganas de reírse she felt like bursting out laughing;
se me quitaron las ganas de ir I don't feel like going any more;
tengo ganas de que llegue el verano I'm looking forward to the summer;
con ganas: llover con ganas to pour down;
es feo/tonto con ganas he is so ugly/stupid!;
de buena/mala gana willingly/reluctantly
ganar ( conjugate ganar) verbo transitivo
1
◊ ¿qué ganas con eso? what do you gain by (doing) that?
2 ‹partido/guerra/premio› to win;
verbo intransitivo
ganale a algn to beat sb;
nos ganaon por cuatro puntos they beat us by four pointsb) ( aventajar):
me gana en todo he beats me on every count;
salir ganando: salió ganando con el trato he did well out of the deal;
al final salí ganando in the end I came out of it better off
ganarse verbo pronominal
1 ( enf) ( mediante el trabajo) to earn;◊ ganase la vida to earn a/one's living
2 ( enf) ‹premio/apuesta› to win
3 ‹afecto/confianza› to win;◊ se ganó el respeto de todos she won o earned everyone's respect
4 ‹ descanso› to earn oneself;
gana sustantivo femenino
1 (deseo) wish [de, for]: tengo muchas ganas de verle, I really want to see him
2 (voluntad) will: no tengo ganas de discutir contigo, I don't want to argue with you
de buena gana, willingly
de mala gana, reluctantly
familiar no le da la gana, she doesn't feel like it
3 (hambre, apetencia) appetite: se me quitaron las ganas de comer, I lost my appetite
ganar
I verbo transitivo
1 (un salario) to earn
2 (un premio) to win
3 (superar) to beat: le gana en estatura, she is taller than him
4 (al contrincante) to beat
5 (una cima, una orilla) to reach
ganar la cumbre, to reach the peak
II verbo intransitivo
1 (vencer) to win
2 (mejorar) improve: ganó en simpatía, she became more and more charming
ganas mucho cuando sonríes, you look nicer when you smile
' gana' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bien
- cacarear
- decente
- ganar
- ganarse
- mantenerse
- mí
- miserable
- sustentar
- tahúr
- talante
- apostar
- haragán
- justo
- miseria
- real
- tanto
English:
begrudge
- bring in
- decent
- earn
- get
- grudge
- grudgingly
- herself
- himself
- less
- livelihood
- outsmart
- pay up
- petulantly
- please
- readily
- reluctantly
- unwillingly
- unwillingness
- willingly
- double
- lazybones
- whoever
* * *gana nf1. [afán, deseo] desire, wish (de to);de buena/mala gana: lo hizo de buena/mala gana she did it willingly/unwillingly;de buena gana lo dejaría todo y me iría lejos I'd quite happily drop everything and go off somewhere far away;no es nada trabajador, todo lo hace de mala gana he's not very hard-working, he always drags his feet when he has to do something;comía con mucha gana he ate with great relish o gusto;hace el trabajo con ganas she goes about her work with relish o enthusiastically;¡con qué ganas la mandaría a paseo! I'd just love to tell her to get lost!;me dan ganas de llorar I feel like crying;me entraron ganas de marcharme I felt like walking out;le entraron ganas de llorar he felt like crying;hacer algo sin ganas to do sth without any great enthusiasm;morirse de ganas de hacer algo to be dying to do sth;me quedé con las ganas de contestarle I would have loved to answer her back;se me han quitado las ganas de volver al cine it's made me feel like never going to the cinema again;ya tengo ganas de que vuelvas I'm really looking forward to you coming back;tengo ganas de comerme un pastel I feel like (eating) a cake;tengo ganas de ir al baño I need to go to the toilet;¡qué ganas tengo de empezar las vacaciones! I can't wait for the holidays to start!;¡qué ganas tienes de buscarte problemas! you just can't resist looking for trouble!;¿por qué habrá dicho eso? – son ganas de fastidiar why would he say a thing like that? – he's just being nasty;Famcon ganas: tu amigo es tonto con ganas Br your friend isn't half stupid, US your friend sure is stupid;es un libro malo con ganas it's a terrible book;Famdar la gana: no me da la gana I don't feel like it;Famno le dio la real gana de ayudar she couldn't be bothered to help;porque me da la (real) gana because I (jolly well) feel like it;Famtenerle ganas a alguien [odiarlo] to have it in for sb;Andes, RP Fam [desearlo] to be after sb, to have one's eye on sb;venirle en gana a alguien: hace/come todo lo que le viene en gana she does/eats whatever she pleases2. [apetito] appetite;comer sin ganas to eat without appetite, to pick at one's food;no tengo gana I've got no appetite;el paciente ha perdido la gana the patient has lost his appetite* * *f1:no me da la gana I don’t want to;hace lo que le da la gana he does what he likes, he does as he pleases;… me da ganas de … … makes me want to …;tener ganas de algo/de hacer algo feel like sth/like doing sth;quedarse con las ganas never get (the chance) to do sth2 ( voluntad):de mala gana unwillingly, grudgingly;de buena gana willingly* * *gana nf1) : desire, inclination2)de buena gana : willingly, readily, gladly3)de mala gana : reluctantly, half-heartedly4)tener ganas de : to feel like, to be in the mood fortengo ganas de bailar: I feel like dancing5)ponerle ganas a algo : to put effort into something* * *gana ndar la gana to want / to like -
112 être
être [εtʀ]━━━━━━━━━1. linking verb━━━━━━━━━➭ TABLE 61━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Pour les locutions comme être en colère, c'est dommage, reportez-vous à l'autre mot.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. <a. to be• soyez sages ! be good!► être de• serez-vous des nôtres demain ? will you be coming tomorrow?2. <• être fabriqué par... to be made by...━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Les temps composés français ne se traduisent pas toujours par des temps composés anglais: le passé composé français peut se traduire soit par le prétérit, soit par le parfait anglais, selon le contexte.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• est-il déjà passé ? has he been already?3. <a. to be• où étais-tu ? where were you?b. ( = aller)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque avoir été décrit un déplacement, il est rendu le plus souvent par to go ; lorsqu'il exprime le fait de s'être trouvé quelque part, il se traduit par to be.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• as-tu déjà été à l'étranger ? -- oui j'ai été en Italie l'an dernier have you ever been abroad? -- yes I went to Italy last year4. <a. ► il est + adjectif it is• il est étrange que... it's odd that...• quelle heure est-il ? what time is it?• il est un pays où... there is a country where...• il est des gens qui... there are people who...• il était une fois... once upon a time there was...d. ► c'est, ce sont + nom ou pronom━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► En anglais, to be se met au temps de l'action décrite.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Notez l'emploi possible d'un auxiliaire en anglais pour traduire les propositions tronquées.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• qui a crié ? -- c'est lui who shouted? -- he did or it was hime. ► c'est + adjectif it is• ça c'est vrai ! that's true!• un hôtel pas cher, c'est difficile à trouver it's not easy to find a cheap hotel• voler, c'est quelque chose que je ne ferai jamais stealing is something I'll never dof. (locutions)► c'est... qui• c'est eux or ce sont eux qui mentaient they are the ones who were lying• c'est toi qui le dis ! that's what you say!• c'est moi qu'on attendait it was me they were waiting for► c'est... que• ne partez pas, c'est à vous que je veux parler don't go, it's you I want to talk to► c'est que (pour expliquer)quand il écrit, c'est qu'il a besoin d'argent when he writes, it's because he needs money• c'est que je le connais bien ! I know him so well!• c'est qu'elle n'a pas d'argent it's because she has no money ; (exclamatif) but she has no money!► ce n'est pas que• ce n'est pas qu'il soit beau ! it's not that he's good-looking!► est-ce que ?• est-ce que c'est vrai ? is it true?• est-ce que vous saviez ? did you know?• est-ce que tu m'entends ? can you hear me?• est-ce que c'est toi qui l'as battu ? was it you who beat him?• quand est-ce que ce sera réparé ? when will it be fixed?• où est-ce que tu l'as mis ? where have you put it?► n'est-ce pas ? → n'est-ce pas5. <a. ( = créature) beingb. ( = individu) person* * *
I ɛtʀverbe intransitif (+ v avoir)1)voilà ce qu'il en est — ( présentation) this is how it is; ( conclusion) that's how it is
qu'en est-il de...? — what's the news on...?
2)je suis à vous tout de suite/dans un instant — I'll be with you right away/in a minute
3)il n'est plus — euph he's no longer with us
fût-il duc/en cristal — even if he were a duke/it were made of crystal
••on ne peut pas être et avoir été — Proverbe you can't stay young forever
••
Dans la plupart des situations exprimant l'existence, l'identité, la localisation, la qualité, être sera traduit par to be: je pense donc je suis = I think therefore I am; le soleil est une étoile = the sun is a star; j'étais chez moi = I was at home; l'eau est froide = the water is coldLes locutions figées contenant être sont traitées sous l'entrée appropriée. Ainsi être en train de/sur le point de/hors de soi etc sont respectivement sous train, point, hors etc; comme si de rien n'était et quoi qu'il en soit sous comme et quoi. De même, les expressions avec si et les questions commençant par que sont traitées sous si et que, à part qu'est-ce à dire?, que l'on trouvera sous dire. Selon le même principe, l'emploi facultatif de étant après considérer comme et présenter comme est traité sous ces verbes; étant donné (que) et étant entendu que sont sous donné et entendu. La plupart des autres emplois de étant se traduisent par being: cela (ou ceci) étant = this being so. En revanche, c'est-à-dire, n'est-ce pas, peut-être et soit sont des entrées à part entière, traitées à leur place dans le dictionnairePar ailleurs, on consultera utilement les notes d'usage répertoriées, notamment pour l'expression de l'heure, la date, les nationalités, les professions, les nombres etcêtre = verbe auxiliaireêtre auxiliaire de la voix passive se traduit par to be. On notera l'emploi des divers temps en anglaisau présent: où sont les épreuves? elles sont révisées par le traducteur = where are the proofs? they are being revised by the translator; votre voiture est réparée = your car has been repaired; les portes sont repeintes chaque année = the doors are repainted every yearau passé: les épreuves ont été révisées en juin = the proofs were revised in June; les épreuves ont été révisées plusieurs fois = the proofs have been revised several times; les épreuves ont été révisées bien avant ma démission = the proofs had been revised long before I resignedêtre se traduit par to have si le temps est également composé en anglais - ce qui est beaucoup moins fréquent qu'en français (voir ci-dessus) - sauf avec naître. Dans certains contextes, on peut avoir: elles sont tombées = they have fallen; ils se sont enfuis = they have escaped; elle s'était vengée = she had taken her revengeLes verbes traduits par une construction passive ou attributive en anglais ( se vendre = to be sold; s'indigner = to be indignant) suivent les mêmes règles au passé: tous les livres se sont vendus = all the books have been sold; elle se serait indignée = she would have been indignantNoter que la forme pronominale à valeur passive est souvent mieux rendue en anglais par une forme intransitive: les livres se sont bien vendus = the books have sold wellêtre = allerLorsqu'il signifie aller, être se traduit par to be en anglais, mais seulement s'il est directement suivi d'un complément de lieu: je n'ai jamais été en Chine = I've never been to China. Suivi d'un infinitif, il se rend par to go to: il a été voir son ami = he's gone to see his friend; j'ai été manger au restaurant = I went to eat in the restaurantDans le sens de s'en aller, on notera les tournures recherchées: ils s'en furent au théâtre = they went to the theatre; ils s'en furent (déçus) = they left (disappointed)est-ce, ou sa variante plus familière c'est, se traduit généralement par is it: est-ce leur fils/voiture? = is it their son/car?; c'est grave? = is it serious?; c'est toi ou ton frère? = is it you or your brother?Quand ce garde sa valeur démonstrative, l'anglais précise la référence: est-ce clair? = is that clear?; qui est-ce? ( en montrant une personne) = who is he/she?; et aussi = who is that?; mais, en parlant de quelqu'un qui vous appelle au téléphone, ou à quelqu'un qui frappe à la porte: = who is it?est-ce n'est généralement pas traduit dans les tournures emphatiques ou permettant d'éviter l'inversion du sujet: est-ce que tu parles russe? = do you speak Russian?; est-ce leur fils, ce garçon? is this boy their son?; qui est-ce qui l'a fait? = who did it?; qui est-ce que tu as rencontré? = who did you meet?; quand/où est-ce que tu manges? = when/where do you eat?; qu'est-ce que c'est? = what is it?, ou, comme vu plus haut, = what is this/that? selon qu'on montre un objet proche ou éloignéNéanmoins, la tournure emphatique est également possible en anglais dans certaines expressions: qu'est-ce que j'entends? = what's this I hear?; est-ce bien ce qu'il a voulu dire? = is that what he really meant?c'est se traduit, selon les contextes, it is ( it's), this is, that is ( that's): c'est facile ( de critiquer) = it's easy; (ce que tu me demandes, ce travail) = that's easy; c'est moi (réponse à ‘qui est-ce?’) = it's me; (réponse à ‘qui le fait?’) = I do; (réponse à ‘qui l'a fait?’) = I did; (pour me désigner sur une photo, ou comme étant le personnage dont il est question) = that's me ( traduit également ça, c'est moi); c'est Mme Fox (qui téléphone, réponse à ‘qui est-ce?’) = it's Mrs Fox; (réponse à ‘qui le fait?’) = Mrs Fox ou Mrs Fox does; (réponse à ‘qui l'a fait?’) = Mrs Fox did; (que je montre, dont vous voulez parler) = that's Mrs Fox; c'est eux, ce sont eux (qui sont là-bas, que je montre) = it's them; ( qui le font) = they do; ( qui l'ont fait) = they did; ( qui arrivent) = here they are; ce sont mes enfants ( que je vous présente) = these are my children; ( qui sont là-bas) = they are my children; c'est cela = that's right; c'est ça! tu crois que je vais faire le travail tout seul? = what's this! do you think I'm going to do the work all by myself?Lorsqu'il reprend un nom, un infinitif ou une proposition qui le précède c'est se traduit seulement par is: une étoile, c'est un réacteur nucléaire = a star is a nuclear reactor; réussir, c'est une question de volonté = to succeed is a question of will; sortir par ce temps, c'est de la folie = going out in this weather is sheer madness; eux, ce sont mes amis = they are my friendsDe même, lorsque c'est que reprend un groupe nominal ou une proposition, il se traduit simplement par is that: le comique, c'est que... = the funny thing is that... On trouvera en général cette tournure sous l'entrée appropriée, comme comique, fort, importer etcLorsque c'est que sert à donner une explication il se rend généralement, et selon le temps, par it is that, it was that, mais aussi, pour insister sur l'explication, par it is/was because: si j'ai fait ça, c'est que je ne pouvais pas faire autrement = if I did that, it was because I couldn't do otherwise. ce n'est pas que se traduit la plupart du temps it is/was not that (la contraction est it's not plutôt que it isn't): ce n'est pas qu'il soit bête, mais... = it's not that he is stupid, but...En corrélation avec un pronom relatif, c'est peut soit garder sa valeur de présentatif (voir plus haut) et se rendre par that's: c'est le journaliste qui m'a interviewé/que nous avons rencontré/dont je te parlais = that's the journalist who interviewed me/(that) we met/I was telling you about; c'est le château où je suis né = that's the castle where I was born; c'est ce qui me fait croire que... = that's what makes me think that...; c'est justement ce que je disais = that's exactly what I was saying; soit constituer une tournure emphatique qui se rend en anglais selon la nuance: c'est de la même femme que nous parlons = we're talking about the same woman; c'était d'en parler devant elle qui me gênait = talking about it in front of her was what made me feel uneasy ou what made me feel uneasy was talking about it in front of her; c'est lui/Paul qui l'a cassé ( je le dénonce) = he/Paul broke it; ( je l'accuse) = he/Paul is the one who broke it; c'est mon frère qui l'a écrit = it was my brother who wrote it ou my brother's the one who wrote it; c'est de ta soeur que je parlais, pas de toi = it was your sister I was talking about, not you; c'est cette voiture qui m'intéresse = this is the car (that) I am interested in; c'est lui le coupable = he is the culprit; ce sont eux les meurtriers = they are the murderersc'est à suivi d'un infinitif se traduit parfois par it is suivi de l'adjectif correspondant si cette même transformation est possible en français ( c'est à désespérer = c'est désespérant = it's hopeless), mais c'est rare, et il est conseillé de se reporter à l'infinitif en question ou à l'un des autres termes obtenus à partir de transformations semblablesc'est à... de faire (ou parfois à faire) se traduira de deux manières: c'est à Pierre/lui de choisir ( c'est son tour) it's Pierre's/his turn to choose; ( c'est sa responsabilité) it's up to Pierre/to him to chooseLa notion de rivalité contenue dans c'est à qui suivi du futur doit être rendue explicite en anglais: c'est à qui proposera le plus de réformes = each is trying to suggest more reforms than the other; c'était à qui des deux aurait le dernier mot = they were each trying to get in the last word; c'était à qui trouverait le plus d'erreurs dans le texte = they were vying with each other to find the most mistakes in the textc'est, équivalent de ça fait dans le compte d'une somme, se rend par it is: c'est 200 francs = it's 200 francs; c'est combien? = how much is it?ce sera avec valeur modale de ce doit être se traduit it must be: ce sera mon professeur de piano = it must be my piano teacherêtre = verbe impersonnelil est facile de critiquer = it is easy to criticize; il serait nécessaire de faire = it would be necessary to do; il est des gens bizarres = there are some strange people; il n'est pas de jour/d'heure sans qu'il se plaigne = not a day/an hour goes by without him complainingOn se référera par ailleurs aux notes d'usage concernant l'heure et la date; voir aussi les entrées temps et foisil est à suivi d'un infinitif se rend différemment, selon les nuances qu'imposent le contexte, par it must be, it has to be, it should be, it can be suivis du participe passé. Pour plus de sûreté, on se reportera à l'infinitif en question, où cette construction est généralement traitéeil est de suivi d'un substantif ou d'un groupe nominal se rend souvent par it is suivi directement d'un adjectif ou d'un substantif précédé d'un déterminant (article, pronom): il est de coutume de faire (ou qu'on fasse) = it is customary ou the custom to do; il est de notre responsabilité de faire = it is our responsibility to do; mais ce n'est pas une règle absolue, et il est préférable de consulter des entrées telles que goût, règle, notoriété etc pour avoir des traductions adéquates. Voir également 1 Voir également 1 ci-dessous pour des exemples supplémentairesCertains cas sont traités sous la rubrique ‘être = verbe impersonnel’; d'autres, expressions figées, le sont sous l'entrée appropriée; voir par exemple poche et frais pour en être de sa poche/pour ses frais. Enfin, quand l'antéc édent de en est exprimé dans la phrase, l'expression est traitée plus bas sous être de: où en étais-je? = where was I?; je ne sais plus où j'en suis = I'm lost; où en es-tu de tes recherches? - j'en suis à mi-chemin/au début = how far have you got in your research? - I'm halfway through/at the beginning; elle a eu plusieurs amants/accidents: elle en est à son quatrième = she has had several lovers/accidents: this is her fourth; j'en suis à me demander si... = I'm beginning to wonder whether...; j'en étais à ne pouvoir distinguer le vrai du faux = I got to the point where I couldn't distinguish between truth and falsehoodSuivie d'un substantif représentant un vêtement, l'expression peut être traduite to be in, mais on consultera l'entrée appropriée pour s'en assurer. Si l'on dit to be in uniform ou éventuellement to be wearing a uniform pour être en uniforme, l'anglais préfère généralement to be wearing a suit à to be in a suit pour être en costume (de même pour robe, tailleur etc). Dans le cas d'un déguisement, on a to be dressed up as: être en pirate = to be dressed up as a piratej'y suis ( je vous comprends) = I'm with you; ( plus général mais un peu familier) = I get it; je n'y suis pas ( je ne comprends pas) = I don't get it; vous y êtes? (vous comprenez?) = are you with me?; (vous êtes prêt(e)?) = are you ready?; 20000 francs? vous n'y êtes pas! = 20,000 francs? you're a long way out!; tu n'y es pas, c'est plus compliqué que ça = you don't realize, it's a lot more complicated than that. Voir aussi les entrées y, adverbe de lieu, et pourêtre + prépositionsLa plupart des cas ( être dans, sur, devant, pour, après, avec etc) sont traités sous la préposition correspondante. Ne sont retenus ici que les cas particuliers de être à et être deLes cas où l'on peut faire l'ellipse de être ou le remplacer par un autre verbe sont traités sous la préposition à; ceux de en être à sous la rubrique ‘en être’, et ceux de c'est à sous la rubrique ‘c'est’Les emplois de être à suivi d'un groupe nominal et signifiant ‘tendre vers’ sont généralement traités sous le substantif approprié, comme temps, hausse, agonie etc dans les expressions le temps est à la pluie, être à la hausse, être à l'agonie. De même, quand être à signifie un état, c'est sous le substantif ou adjectif approprié, comme bout, disposition, quai, vif etc, qu'on trouvera la ou les traductions de l'expression correspondanteSuivi d'un infinitif et signifiant devoir être, être à peut généralement se traduire, en observant les mêmes nuances qu'avec devoir, par must be, have to be ou should be suivi du participe passé du verbe anglais. Il reste conseillé de consulter l'infinitif en question, comme plaindre, prendre etc. On en trouve également un traitement succint sous les rubriques ‘être = verbe impersonnel' et ‘c'est'Au sens de appartenir à, l'anglais utilise to be suivi du cas possessif quand le possesseur est un être animé ou d'un pronom possessif si celui-ci est représent é par un pronom objet. Si le cas possessif n'est pas d'usage, on utilise de préférence to belong to: ce livre est à moi/à mon frère = this book is mine/my brother's; ces dictionnaires sont au service de traduction = these dictionaries belong to the translation department; à qui est ce chien? = who does this dog belong to? ou whose dog is this? Voir 2 ci-dessous pour des exemples supplémentairesQuand elle exprime un état ou une situation, la tournure être de suivie d'un substantif sans déterminant est traduite sous le substantif en question, notamment avis, garde, service etc. De même, certaines expressions où la présence de déterminant est variable, comme dans être de mauvaise foi/d'une incroyable mauvaise foi sont traitées sous l'entrée appropriée, en l'occurrence, foi; voir aussi humeur, massacrante, poil etcLa construction être d'un/d'une suivie d'un adjectif substantivé ou d'un substantif exprimant une qualité ou un défaut peut généralement être rendue par to be so suivi de l'adjectif correspondant en anglais, si le substantif est seul: elle est d'un ridicule/d'une prétention! = she's so ridiculous/so pretentious!; si le substantif est qualifié, l'adjectif devient généralement un adverbe en anglais: il est d'une exquise courtoisie/d'une incompétence rare = he's exquisitely courteous/exceptionally incompetent; mais il n'est pas inutile de vérifier les traductions des adjectifs et substantifs à leur entrée avant de rendre cette constructionAu sens de participer à, faire partie de, la tournure être de se traduit de façon très variable (voir aussi partie): il est des nôtres ( il vient avec nous) = he's with us; (il est de notre clan, agit et pense comme nous) = he's one of us; serez-vous des nôtres? = will you be (coming) with us?; êtes-vous des nôtres? = are you coming with us? (ici, coming est nécessaire, pour éviter l'ambiguïté de are you with us?); les journalistes ne sont pas/ne seront pas du voyage = the journalists aren't coming/won't be coming on the trip; ils ont organisé une expédition mais je n'en étais pas = they organized an expedition but I wasn't part of it; il y avait un congrès mais il n'en était pas = there was a congress but he didn't take partSuivi d'un infinitif et précédé de noms abstraits avec l'article défini ( l'idéal, l'essentiel etc) ou de superlatifs ( le plus simple), être de se traduit généralement par to be suivi de l'infinitif avec to: le plus simple serait de tout recommencer = the simplest thing to do would be to start all over again
II ɛtʀnom masculin1) ( organisme vivant) beingun être sans défense — a defenceless [BrE] creature
2) ( personne) personun être cher or aimé — a loved one
3) ( nature intime) being4) Philosophie
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Dans la plupart des situations exprimant l'existence, l'identité, la localisation, la qualité, être sera traduit par to be: je pense donc je suis = I think therefore I am; le soleil est une étoile = the sun is a star; j'étais chez moi = I was at home; l'eau est froide = the water is coldLes locutions figées contenant être sont traitées sous l'entrée appropriée. Ainsi être en train de/sur le point de/hors de soi etc sont respectivement sous train, point, hors etc; comme si de rien n'était et quoi qu'il en soit sous comme et quoi. De même, les expressions avec si et les questions commençant par que sont traitées sous si et que, à part qu'est-ce à dire?, que l'on trouvera sous dire. Selon le même principe, l'emploi facultatif de étant après considérer comme et présenter comme est traité sous ces verbes; étant donné (que) et étant entendu que sont sous donné et entendu. La plupart des autres emplois de étant se traduisent par being: cela (ou ceci) étant = this being so. En revanche, c'est-à-dire, n'est-ce pas, peut-être et soit sont des entrées à part entière, traitées à leur place dans le dictionnairePar ailleurs, on consultera utilement les notes d'usage répertoriées, notamment pour l'expression de l'heure, la date, les nationalités, les professions, les nombres etcêtre = verbe auxiliaireêtre auxiliaire de la voix passive se traduit par to be. On notera l'emploi des divers temps en anglaisau présent: où sont les épreuves? elles sont révisées par le traducteur = where are the proofs? they are being revised by the translator; votre voiture est réparée = your car has been repaired; les portes sont repeintes chaque année = the doors are repainted every yearau passé: les épreuves ont été révisées en juin = the proofs were revised in June; les épreuves ont été révisées plusieurs fois = the proofs have been revised several times; les épreuves ont été révisées bien avant ma démission = the proofs had been revised long before I resignedêtre se traduit par to have si le temps est également composé en anglais - ce qui est beaucoup moins fréquent qu'en français (voir ci-dessus) - sauf avec naître. Dans certains contextes, on peut avoir: elles sont tombées = they have fallen; ils se sont enfuis = they have escaped; elle s'était vengée = she had taken her revengeLes verbes traduits par une construction passive ou attributive en anglais ( se vendre = to be sold; s'indigner = to be indignant) suivent les mêmes règles au passé: tous les livres se sont vendus = all the books have been sold; elle se serait indignée = she would have been indignantNoter que la forme pronominale à valeur passive est souvent mieux rendue en anglais par une forme intransitive: les livres se sont bien vendus = the books have sold wellêtre = allerLorsqu'il signifie aller, être se traduit par to be en anglais, mais seulement s'il est directement suivi d'un complément de lieu: je n'ai jamais été en Chine = I've never been to China. Suivi d'un infinitif, il se rend par to go to: il a été voir son ami = he's gone to see his friend; j'ai été manger au restaurant = I went to eat in the restaurantDans le sens de s'en aller, on notera les tournures recherchées: ils s'en furent au théâtre = they went to the theatre; ils s'en furent (déçus) = they left (disappointed)est-ce, ou sa variante plus familière c'est, se traduit généralement par is it: est-ce leur fils/voiture? = is it their son/car?; c'est grave? = is it serious?; c'est toi ou ton frère? = is it you or your brother?Quand ce garde sa valeur démonstrative, l'anglais précise la référence: est-ce clair? = is that clear?; qui est-ce? ( en montrant une personne) = who is he/she?; et aussi = who is that?; mais, en parlant de quelqu'un qui vous appelle au téléphone, ou à quelqu'un qui frappe à la porte: = who is it?est-ce n'est généralement pas traduit dans les tournures emphatiques ou permettant d'éviter l'inversion du sujet: est-ce que tu parles russe? = do you speak Russian?; est-ce leur fils, ce garçon? is this boy their son?; qui est-ce qui l'a fait? = who did it?; qui est-ce que tu as rencontré? = who did you meet?; quand/où est-ce que tu manges? = when/where do you eat?; qu'est-ce que c'est? = what is it?, ou, comme vu plus haut, = what is this/that? selon qu'on montre un objet proche ou éloignéNéanmoins, la tournure emphatique est également possible en anglais dans certaines expressions: qu'est-ce que j'entends? = what's this I hear?; est-ce bien ce qu'il a voulu dire? = is that what he really meant?c'est se traduit, selon les contextes, it is ( it's), this is, that is ( that's): c'est facile ( de critiquer) = it's easy; (ce que tu me demandes, ce travail) = that's easy; c'est moi (réponse à ‘qui est-ce?’) = it's me; (réponse à ‘qui le fait?’) = I do; (réponse à ‘qui l'a fait?’) = I did; (pour me désigner sur une photo, ou comme étant le personnage dont il est question) = that's me ( traduit également ça, c'est moi); c'est Mme Fox (qui téléphone, réponse à ‘qui est-ce?’) = it's Mrs Fox; (réponse à ‘qui le fait?’) = Mrs Fox ou Mrs Fox does; (réponse à ‘qui l'a fait?’) = Mrs Fox did; (que je montre, dont vous voulez parler) = that's Mrs Fox; c'est eux, ce sont eux (qui sont là-bas, que je montre) = it's them; ( qui le font) = they do; ( qui l'ont fait) = they did; ( qui arrivent) = here they are; ce sont mes enfants ( que je vous présente) = these are my children; ( qui sont là-bas) = they are my children; c'est cela = that's right; c'est ça! tu crois que je vais faire le travail tout seul? = what's this! do you think I'm going to do the work all by myself?Lorsqu'il reprend un nom, un infinitif ou une proposition qui le précède c'est se traduit seulement par is: une étoile, c'est un réacteur nucléaire = a star is a nuclear reactor; réussir, c'est une question de volonté = to succeed is a question of will; sortir par ce temps, c'est de la folie = going out in this weather is sheer madness; eux, ce sont mes amis = they are my friendsDe même, lorsque c'est que reprend un groupe nominal ou une proposition, il se traduit simplement par is that: le comique, c'est que... = the funny thing is that... On trouvera en général cette tournure sous l'entrée appropriée, comme comique, fort, importer etcLorsque c'est que sert à donner une explication il se rend généralement, et selon le temps, par it is that, it was that, mais aussi, pour insister sur l'explication, par it is/was because: si j'ai fait ça, c'est que je ne pouvais pas faire autrement = if I did that, it was because I couldn't do otherwise. ce n'est pas que se traduit la plupart du temps it is/was not that (la contraction est it's not plutôt que it isn't): ce n'est pas qu'il soit bête, mais... = it's not that he is stupid, but...En corrélation avec un pronom relatif, c'est peut soit garder sa valeur de présentatif (voir plus haut) et se rendre par that's: c'est le journaliste qui m'a interviewé/que nous avons rencontré/dont je te parlais = that's the journalist who interviewed me/(that) we met/I was telling you about; c'est le château où je suis né = that's the castle where I was born; c'est ce qui me fait croire que... = that's what makes me think that...; c'est justement ce que je disais = that's exactly what I was saying; soit constituer une tournure emphatique qui se rend en anglais selon la nuance: c'est de la même femme que nous parlons = we're talking about the same woman; c'était d'en parler devant elle qui me gênait = talking about it in front of her was what made me feel uneasy ou what made me feel uneasy was talking about it in front of her; c'est lui/Paul qui l'a cassé ( je le dénonce) = he/Paul broke it; ( je l'accuse) = he/Paul is the one who broke it; c'est mon frère qui l'a écrit = it was my brother who wrote it ou my brother's the one who wrote it; c'est de ta soeur que je parlais, pas de toi = it was your sister I was talking about, not you; c'est cette voiture qui m'intéresse = this is the car (that) I am interested in; c'est lui le coupable = he is the culprit; ce sont eux les meurtriers = they are the murderersc'est à suivi d'un infinitif se traduit parfois par it is suivi de l'adjectif correspondant si cette même transformation est possible en français ( c'est à désespérer = c'est désespérant = it's hopeless), mais c'est rare, et il est conseillé de se reporter à l'infinitif en question ou à l'un des autres termes obtenus à partir de transformations semblablesc'est à... de faire (ou parfois à faire) se traduira de deux manières: c'est à Pierre/lui de choisir ( c'est son tour) it's Pierre's/his turn to choose; ( c'est sa responsabilité) it's up to Pierre/to him to chooseLa notion de rivalité contenue dans c'est à qui suivi du futur doit être rendue explicite en anglais: c'est à qui proposera le plus de réformes = each is trying to suggest more reforms than the other; c'était à qui des deux aurait le dernier mot = they were each trying to get in the last word; c'était à qui trouverait le plus d'erreurs dans le texte = they were vying with each other to find the most mistakes in the textc'est, équivalent de ça fait dans le compte d'une somme, se rend par it is: c'est 200 francs = it's 200 francs; c'est combien? = how much is it?ce sera avec valeur modale de ce doit être se traduit it must be: ce sera mon professeur de piano = it must be my piano teacherêtre = verbe impersonnelil est facile de critiquer = it is easy to criticize; il serait nécessaire de faire = it would be necessary to do; il est des gens bizarres = there are some strange people; il n'est pas de jour/d'heure sans qu'il se plaigne = not a day/an hour goes by without him complainingOn se référera par ailleurs aux notes d'usage concernant l'heure et la date; voir aussi les entrées temps et foisil est à suivi d'un infinitif se rend différemment, selon les nuances qu'imposent le contexte, par it must be, it has to be, it should be, it can be suivis du participe passé. Pour plus de sûreté, on se reportera à l'infinitif en question, où cette construction est généralement traitéeil est de suivi d'un substantif ou d'un groupe nominal se rend souvent par it is suivi directement d'un adjectif ou d'un substantif précédé d'un déterminant (article, pronom): il est de coutume de faire (ou qu'on fasse) = it is customary ou the custom to do; il est de notre responsabilité de faire = it is our responsibility to do; mais ce n'est pas une règle absolue, et il est préférable de consulter des entrées telles que goût, règle, notoriété etc pour avoir des traductions adéquates. Voir également 1 Voir également 1 ci-dessous pour des exemples supplémentairesCertains cas sont traités sous la rubrique ‘être = verbe impersonnel’; d'autres, expressions figées, le sont sous l'entrée appropriée; voir par exemple poche et frais pour en être de sa poche/pour ses frais. Enfin, quand l'antéc édent de en est exprimé dans la phrase, l'expression est traitée plus bas sous être de: où en étais-je? = where was I?; je ne sais plus où j'en suis = I'm lost; où en es-tu de tes recherches? - j'en suis à mi-chemin/au début = how far have you got in your research? - I'm halfway through/at the beginning; elle a eu plusieurs amants/accidents: elle en est à son quatrième = she has had several lovers/accidents: this is her fourth; j'en suis à me demander si... = I'm beginning to wonder whether...; j'en étais à ne pouvoir distinguer le vrai du faux = I got to the point where I couldn't distinguish between truth and falsehoodSuivie d'un substantif représentant un vêtement, l'expression peut être traduite to be in, mais on consultera l'entrée appropriée pour s'en assurer. Si l'on dit to be in uniform ou éventuellement to be wearing a uniform pour être en uniforme, l'anglais préfère généralement to be wearing a suit à to be in a suit pour être en costume (de même pour robe, tailleur etc). Dans le cas d'un déguisement, on a to be dressed up as: être en pirate = to be dressed up as a piratej'y suis ( je vous comprends) = I'm with you; ( plus général mais un peu familier) = I get it; je n'y suis pas ( je ne comprends pas) = I don't get it; vous y êtes? (vous comprenez?) = are you with me?; (vous êtes prêt(e)?) = are you ready?; 20000 francs? vous n'y êtes pas! = 20,000 francs? you're a long way out!; tu n'y es pas, c'est plus compliqué que ça = you don't realize, it's a lot more complicated than that. Voir aussi les entrées y, adverbe de lieu, et pourêtre + prépositionsLa plupart des cas ( être dans, sur, devant, pour, après, avec etc) sont traités sous la préposition correspondante. Ne sont retenus ici que les cas particuliers de être à et être deLes cas où l'on peut faire l'ellipse de être ou le remplacer par un autre verbe sont traités sous la préposition à; ceux de en être à sous la rubrique ‘en être’, et ceux de c'est à sous la rubrique ‘c'est’Les emplois de être à suivi d'un groupe nominal et signifiant ‘tendre vers’ sont généralement traités sous le substantif approprié, comme temps, hausse, agonie etc dans les expressions le temps est à la pluie, être à la hausse, être à l'agonie. De même, quand être à signifie un état, c'est sous le substantif ou adjectif approprié, comme bout, disposition, quai, vif etc, qu'on trouvera la ou les traductions de l'expression correspondanteSuivi d'un infinitif et signifiant devoir être, être à peut généralement se traduire, en observant les mêmes nuances qu'avec devoir, par must be, have to be ou should be suivi du participe passé du verbe anglais. Il reste conseillé de consulter l'infinitif en question, comme plaindre, prendre etc. On en trouve également un traitement succint sous les rubriques ‘être = verbe impersonnel' et ‘c'est'Au sens de appartenir à, l'anglais utilise to be suivi du cas possessif quand le possesseur est un être animé ou d'un pronom possessif si celui-ci est représent é par un pronom objet. Si le cas possessif n'est pas d'usage, on utilise de préférence to belong to: ce livre est à moi/à mon frère = this book is mine/my brother's; ces dictionnaires sont au service de traduction = these dictionaries belong to the translation department; à qui est ce chien? = who does this dog belong to? ou whose dog is this? Voir 2 ci-dessous pour des exemples supplémentairesQuand elle exprime un état ou une situation, la tournure être de suivie d'un substantif sans déterminant est traduite sous le substantif en question, notamment avis, garde, service etc. De même, certaines expressions où la présence de déterminant est variable, comme dans être de mauvaise foi/d'une incroyable mauvaise foi sont traitées sous l'entrée appropriée, en l'occurrence, foi; voir aussi humeur, massacrante, poil etcLa construction être d'un/d'une suivie d'un adjectif substantivé ou d'un substantif exprimant une qualité ou un défaut peut généralement être rendue par to be so suivi de l'adjectif correspondant en anglais, si le substantif est seul: elle est d'un ridicule/d'une prétention! = she's so ridiculous/so pretentious!; si le substantif est qualifié, l'adjectif devient généralement un adverbe en anglais: il est d'une exquise courtoisie/d'une incompétence rare = he's exquisitely courteous/exceptionally incompetent; mais il n'est pas inutile de vérifier les traductions des adjectifs et substantifs à leur entrée avant de rendre cette constructionAu sens de participer à, faire partie de, la tournure être de se traduit de façon très variable (voir aussi partie): il est des nôtres ( il vient avec nous) = he's with us; (il est de notre clan, agit et pense comme nous) = he's one of us; serez-vous des nôtres? = will you be (coming) with us?; êtes-vous des nôtres? = are you coming with us? (ici, coming est nécessaire, pour éviter l'ambiguïté de are you with us?); les journalistes ne sont pas/ne seront pas du voyage = the journalists aren't coming/won't be coming on the trip; ils ont organisé une expédition mais je n'en étais pas = they organized an expedition but I wasn't part of it; il y avait un congrès mais il n'en était pas = there was a congress but he didn't take partSuivi d'un infinitif et précédé de noms abstraits avec l'article défini ( l'idéal, l'essentiel etc) ou de superlatifs ( le plus simple), être de se traduit généralement par to be suivi de l'infinitif avec to: le plus simple serait de tout recommencer = the simplest thing to do would be to start all over again* * *ɛtʀ1. nm2. vb (avec attribut)1) (état, description) to beIl est instituteur. — He's a teacher.
Vous êtes grand. — You're tall.
Vous êtes fatigué. — You're tired.
Je suis heureux. — I'm happy.
être à qn — to be sb's, to belong to sb
Ce livre est à Paul. — This book is Paul's., This book belongs to Paul.
C'est à moi. — It's mine.
C'est à eux. — It's theirs.
C'est à lui de le faire. — It's up to him to do it.
3) (origine)Il est de Paris. — He is from Paris.
Il est des nôtres. — He is one of us.
4) (obligation, but)être à (+ infinitif) C'est à réparer. — It needs repairing.
C'est à essayer. — You should try it.
Il est à espérer que... — It is to be hoped that...
3. vi1) (= se trouver) to beJe ne serai pas ici demain. — I won't be here tomorrow.
2) (date)Nous sommes le 10 janvier. — It's the 10th of January., Today is the 10th of January.
3) (= faire partie) to beêtre de ceux qui... — to be one of those who...
Il voulait en être. — He wanted to be part of it.
4) (= exister) to beêtre ou ne pas être... — to be or not to be...
en être à qch (= avoir atteint) — to have got to sth, to have got as far as sth, (= être réduit à) to be reduced to sth
Nous en étions au dessert. — We had got to the dessert., We had got as far as dessert.
Il en est à faire des ménages pour vivre. — He's been reduced to doing cleaning jobs to earn a living.
4. vb aux1) (dans verbes composés) to haveIl est parti. — He has left., He has gone.
Il n'est pas encore arrivé. — He hasn't arrived yet.
2) (forme passive) to beIl a été promu. — He has been promoted.
5. vb impersil est... — it is...
Il est impossible de le faire. — It's impossible to do it.
Il est 10 heures. — It's 10 o'clock.
See:* * *I.être ⇒ Note d'usage verb table: être vi1 il n'est pas jusqu'à l'Antarctique qui ne soit pollué even the Antarctic is polluted; il en est de Pierre comme de Paul it is the same with Pierre as with Paul; voilà ce qu'il en est ( présentation) this is how it is; ( conclusion) that's how it is; il n'en est rien this isn't at all the case; il en sera toujours ainsi it will always be so; il en a été de même it was the same; qu'en est-il de…? what's the news on…?;2 je suis à vous tout de suite/dans un instant I'll be with you right away/in a minute; je suis à vous I'm all yours; être à ce qu'on fait to have one's mind on what one is doing; elle est toujours à se plaindre she's always complaining;3 il n'est plus euph he's no longer with us; ce temps n'est plus those days are gone; ces traditions ne sont plus these traditions are things of the past; fût-il duc/en cristal even if he were a duke/it were made of crystal, even were he a duke/were it made of crystal; n'était leur grand âge were it not for their advanced age, if it were not for their advanced age; ne serait-ce qu'en faisant if only by doing; ne fût-ce que pour la soulager/qu'un instant if only to relieve her/for a moment; fût-ce pour des raisons humanitaires if only on humanitarian grounds.on ne peut pas être et avoir été Prov you can't stay young forever.II.être nm1 ( organisme vivant) being; être humain/vivant/surnaturel human/living/supernatural being; les êtres animés et inanimés animate and inanimate things; les êtres et les choses living things and objects; un être sans défense a defencelessGB creature; ces plantes sont des êtres inférieurs these plants are inferior life-forms;2 ( personne) person; un être d'exception an exceptional person; un être faible et timoré a weak and timorous person; les êtres qui doutent people who doubt; l'amitié entre deux êtres friendship between two people; un être cher or aimé a loved one; ce sont des êtres simples they're simple beings ou souls; son mari est un être sensible her husband is a sensitive soul;3 ( nature intime) being; de tout son être [détester, souhaiter] with one's whole being; au fond de son être, elle savait que in the core of her being, she knew that; blessé au plus profond de son être hurt to the core; les êtres contradictoires qui vous habitent the conflicting selves within you;I[ɛtr] nom masculin2. RELIGIONl'être éternel ou infini ou suprême the Supreme Being3. [personne] personII[ɛtr] verbe intransitifA.[EXPRIME L'EXISTENCE, LA RÉALITÉ]B.[RELIE L'ATTRIBUT, LE COMPLÉMENT AU SUJET]1. [suivi d'un attribut] to beje ne te le prêterai pas! — comment ou comme tu es! (familier) I won't lend it to you! — you see what you're like!Bruno/ce rôle est tout pour moi Bruno/this part means everything to me2. [suivi d'une préposition]j'y suis, j'y reste here I am and here I staya. [à la maison] I'm not at home for anyoneb. [au bureau] I won't see anybodyje suis à vous [je vous écoute] I'm all yourstout le monde est à la page 15/au chapitre 9? is everybody at page 15/chapter 9?vous êtes (bien) au 01.40.06.24.08 this is 01 40 06 24 08être de [provenir de] to be from, to come fromBruno est de sa famille Bruno is a member of her family ou is a relative of hersêtre de [participer à]: je suis de mariage le mois prochain I've got (to go to) a wedding next monthj'en suis au moment où il découvre le trésor I've got to the part ou the bit where he discovers the treasureoù en étais-je? [après une interruption dans une conversation] where was I ?tu en es encore à lui chercher des excuses! — oh non, je n'en suis plus là! you're still trying to find excuses for him! — oh no, I'm past that!ne plus savoir où l'on en est: je ne sais plus du tout où j'en suis dans tous ces calculs I don't know where I am any more with all these calculationsj'ai besoin de faire le point, je ne sais plus où j'en suis I've got to take stock, I've completely lost track of everythingy être [comprendre]: tu te souviens bien de Marie, une petite brune! — ah, oui, j'y suis maintenant! but you must remember Marie, a brunette! — oh yes, I'm with you now!mais non, vous n'y êtes pas du tout! you don't understand!3. [dans l'expression du temps] to benous sommes le 8/jeudi today is the 8th/ThursdayC.[SUBSTITUT DE ALLER, PARTIR] to go————————[ɛtr] verbe impersonnel1. [exister]il était une fois un prince... once (upon a time) there was a prince...2. [pour exprimer l'heure]3. (soutenu & locution)on a dit que vous vouliez démissionner — il n'en est rien it was rumoured you wanted to resign — that's not trueil n'est que de: il n'est que de lire les journaux pour s'en rendre compte you only have to read the newspapers to be aware of it————————[ɛtr] verbe auxiliaire1. [sert à former les temps composés]je suis/j'étais descendu I came/had come down2. [sert à former le passif]3. [sert à exprimer une obligation]cela étant locution adverbiale[dans ces circonstances] things being what they are[cela dit] having said that -
113 che
1. adj whata che cosa serve? what is that for?che brutta giornata! what a filthy day!2. pron persona: soggetto whopersona: oggetto who, that, formal whomcosa that, whichche? what?ciò che whatnon c'e di che don't mention it, you're welcome3. conj dopo il comparativo thansono tre anni che non la vedo I haven't seen her for three years* * *che1 agg.interr. ( quale) what ( riferito a numero indeterminato di cose o persone); which ( riferito a numero limitato di cose o persone): che libri leggi?, what (kind of) books do you read?; che libro preferisci tra questi?, which book do you like best?; che musica ti piace?, what music do you like?; che tipo è?, what kind of a person is he?; che vestito mi metto stasera?, what shall I wear tonight? // che ora è?, what time is it (o what's the time)?◆ pron.interr. ( che cosa) what: che è questo?, what's this?; che fai?, what are you doing?; che guardi?, what are you looking at?; che hai?, what's the matter with you?; che importa?, why bother about it?; non so che dire, I don't know what to say; che altro ( c'è)?, what else (is there)? // che succede?, what's going on? // che è che non è, all of a sudden // a che ( pro)?, what for (o to what purpose)?che1 agg.escl.1 ( quale, quali) what; (con s. che in inglese ammettono il pl.) what a: che bella giornata!, what a lovely day!; che bella notizia mi hai dato!, what good news you've given me!; che simpatico quel vostro amico!, what a nice person that friend of yours is!; che mascalzone!, what a rascal!; che musica meravigliosa!, what wonderful music!; che seccatura!, what a nuisance!; che pazienza ci è voluta per convincerla!, what a lot of patience it took to persuade her!; che idee!, what ideas!; che ingenui siamo stati!, what fools we were!; che vergogna!, what a disgrace!2 ( come) how: che strano!, how strange!; che bello!, how lovely!◆ pron.escl. ( che cosa) what: che dici!, what are you saying!; guarda che mi doveva capitare!, just look what's happened to me!; che mi tocca sentire!, what's this I hear?; ''Ti sei divertito?'' ''Altro che!'', ''Did you have a good time?'' ''And how!''◆ inter. (fam.) what!: ''Che! Stai scherzando?'', ''What! Are you kidding?''.che1 pron.indef. ( qualcosa) something: le sue parole avevano un che, un non so che di profetico, there was something prophetic about his words // non (un) gran che, ( non molto) not much, not up to much: non ho combinato (un) gran che, I didn't get much done; la commedia non era (un) gran che, the play wasn't up to much.che1 pron.rel.invar.1 (con funzione di sogg.) who, that ( riferito a persone); which, that ( riferito ad animali e cose): il signore che è entrato ora è il nuovo direttore, the man who (o that) has just come in is the new director; il ragazzo che studiava con me ha cambiato scuola, the boy who (o that) studied with me has changed school; l'ultimo che entra chiuda la porta, per favore, will the last one who comes in (o the last one to come in) please shut the door; gli atleti che sono iscritti alla prossima gara si presentino subito alla linea di partenza, the athletes (who are) entered for the next race should report to the starting line at once; non trovo nessuno che sia in grado di risolvere questo problema, I can't find anyone (who is) capable of solving this problem; c'è qualcuno che sa come funziona questa macchina fotografica?, is there anybody that (o who) knows how this camera works?; il cavallo che ha vinto la corsa era il favorito, the horse that (o which) won the race was the favourite; dammi il libro che sta sulla scrivania, give me the book that's on the desk; i volumi che trattano di anatomia sono nell'ultimo scaffale a destra, the books that deal (o the books dealing) with anatomy are on the top shelf, right-hand side; Dante Alighieri, che nacque a Firenze nel 1265, è il massimo poeta italiano, Dante Alighieri, who was born in Florence in 1265, is Italy's greatest poet; la Torre di Londra, che fu costruita da Guglielmo il Conquistatore, è un castello normanno, the Tower of London, which was built by William the Conqueror, is a Norman castle // colui che, coloro che, → colui, coloro // ciò che, what // tutto ciò che, all that2 (con funzione di compl. ogg.; gener. è omesso in inglese) who, (form.) whom, that ( riferito a persone); which, that ( riferito ad animali e cose): sei proprio la persona che volevo vedere, you're the very person (that o who) I wanted to see; avete mangiato tutta la frutta che ho comprato?, have you eaten all the fruit (that) I bought?; eccoti i libri che mi avevi prestato, here are the books (that) you lent me; tutti gli animali che abbiamo citato sono in via di estinzione, all the animals (that) we have mentioned are endangered species; i solisti che abbiamo sentito ieri sera sono famosi in tutto il mondo, the soloists (that) we heard last night are world famous; l'argomento che stiamo per affrontare è della massima importanza, the subject (that) we're about to deal with is of the utmost importance; l'illustre ospite, che abbiamo l'onore di presentarvi, è nientemeno che il Presidente, our distinguished guest, who (m) we are honoured to present to you, is none other than the President; il duomo di Milano, che visiteremo domani, è un capolavoro di architettura gotica, Milan cathedral, which we shall visit tomorrow, is a masterpiece of Gothic architecture ∙ Come si nota dagli esempi, nei significati 1 e 2, quando il pron. che introduce una frase incidentale, viene tradotto con who (m) o which, e non può essere omesso3 (in correl. con stesso, medesimo) as, that: ha dato la stessa risposta che ho dato io, he gave the same answer (as o that) I did; è accaduta la stessa cosa che era accaduta ieri, the same thing happened as (o that) had happened yesterday; incontrerete le stesse difficoltà che abbiamo incontrato noi, you'll meet the same difficulties (as o that) we did4 (fam.) ( col valore di in cui, con cui, per cui): il giorno che arrivò era il 1o di agosto, the day he arrived was 1st August; ricordi l'estate che ci siamo incontrati?, can you remember the summer we met?; l'ultima volta che lo vidi era molto depresso, the last time I saw him he was very depressed; con quello stipendio ha di che vivere agiatamente, he can live comfortably on that salary; non ha proprio di che lamentarsi, he has nothing at all to complain about // non c'è che dire, you only have to say // non c'è di che, ( forma di cortesia) don't mention it // paese che vai usanze che trovi, (prov.) when in Rome (do as the Romans do)5 il che, ( la qual cosa) which: beve come una spugna, il che gli fa male alla salute, he drinks like a fish, which is bad for his health; ha superato la prova, del che ci siamo tutti rallegrati, he passed the test, which delighted us all; cominciò ad alzare la voce, al che gli ordinai di uscire dalla stanza, he started raising his voice, at which I ordered him out of the room; non si sono fatti più vivi, dal che deduco che si sono trasferiti altrove, they haven't shown up any more, from which I presume that they've moved elsewhere // dopo di che, after which, and then; afterwards◆ agg. ( quale) that: da trenta che erano, solo dieci sono arrivati alla fine del corso, out of the original thirty, only ten completed the course; da quel colosso che era, è diventato pelle e ossa, from the giant he was, he has become all skin and bones.che2 cong.dichiarativa1 (dopo verbi che esprimono opinione; in inglese è spesso omessa) that: dicono che la luna sia abitata, they say (that) the moon is inhabited; so che tu cercherai di comprendermi, I know you'll try to understand; sono certo che arriveremo in tempo, I'm sure (that) we'll get there on time2 (dopo verbi di volontà non si traduce e richiede la costruzione oggettiva: compl. ogg. + inf. del verbo): voglio che ( lui) venga immediatamente, I want him to come at once; vuoi che ti accompagni?, do you want me to go with you?; volevano che (io) restassi a cena, they wanted me to stay to dinner; vorrei che mi dicessi come la pensi, I'd like you to tell me what you think // avrei tanto voluto che ci fossi anche tu, I wish you'd been there◆ cong.consecutiva ( spesso in correlazione con così, tanto, tale; in inglese può essere omessa) that: ero così stanco che mi addormentai, I was so tired (that) I fell asleep; c'era una tale nebbia che non si distinguevano le case di fronte, it was so foggy (that) you couldn't see (the houses) across the street◆ cong.compar. than: ha più denaro che cervello, he has more money than sense; è più furbo che intelligente, he's more crafty than intelligent; nell'albergo c'erano più stranieri che italiani, there were more foreigners than Italians in the hotel◆ cong. causale ( in inglese non si traduce): copriti che fa freddo, wrap up warm, it's cold outside◆ cong. finale ( in inglese è spesso omessa) that: bada che non si faccia male, mind he doesn't get hurt; fate in modo che non si accorga di niente, make sure (that) he doesn't notice anything◆ cong.temporale ( quando) when; ( da quando) since, for; ( dopo che) after: arrivai che era già partito, he'd already left when I got there; è da Natale che non abbiamo sue notizie, we haven't heard from him since Christmas; sono due anni che non si vedono, they haven't seen each other for two years // ogni volta che, whenever // una volta che, once: una volta che hai imparato la tecnica, l'uso del computer non è difficile, once you've learnt the technique, it isn't hard to use the computer◆ cong.eccettuativa only, but: non ho che pochi euro, I've only got a few euros; non hai che dirmelo, you only have to tell me; non ho potuto far altro che accettare, I could do nothing but accept; non fa che dire sciocchezze, he talks nothing but nonsense; non potevo fare altrimenti che così, there was nothing else (that) I could do.* * *[ke]1. pron1) (relativo: persona: soggetto) who, (oggetto) whom, that, (cosa, animale) which, that (spesso omesso)i bambini che vedi nel cortile — the children whom o that you see in the yard
il giorno che... — the day (that)...
il libro che è sul tavolo — the book which o that is on the table
2) (la qual cosa) whichdovrei ottenere il massimo dei voti, il che è improbabile — I would have to get top marks, which is unlikely
3)quell'uomo ha un che di losco — there's something suspicious about that mannon so che — an indefinable somethingquel film non era un gran che — that film was nothing special
quella ragazza ha un non so che di affascinante — there's something fascinating about that girl
4) (interrogativo) what2. agg1) (interrogativo) what, (di numero limitato) whichche vestito ti vuoi mettere? — what (o which) dress do you want to put on?
2) escl whatguarda in che stato sei ridotto! — look at the mess you're in!
3. cong1) (con proposizioni subordinate) that (talvolta omesso)nasconditi qui che non ti veda nessuno — hide here, so nobody can see you
so
che tu c'eri — I know (that) you were thereche tu venga — I want you to come2)mi sono svegliato che era ancora buio — it was still dark when I woke upsono anni che non lo vedo — I haven't seen him for o in years, it's years since I saw him
era appena uscita di casa che suonò il telefono — she had no sooner gone out than o she had hardly gone out when the telephone rang
arrivai che eri già partito — you had already left when I arrived
3)(in frasi imperative, in concessive)
che venga pure! — let him come by all means!4)che sia stupido — not that he's stupidche non mi interessi la commedia, è che sono stanco e vorrei andare a letto — it's not that the play doesn't interest me, it's just that I'm tired and I'd like to go to bedche tu venga o no, noi partiamo lo stesso — we're leaving whether you come or not
5) (comparativo: con più, meno) thanè più furbo che intelligente — he's more cunning than intelligent
See:non,più,meno,* * *I 1. [ke]1) (soggetto) (persona) who, that; (cosa, animale di sesso imprecisato) that, whichil cane, che mi aveva riconosciuto, si avvicinò — the dog, which had recognized me, came up
comparve un uomo che portava un cappello — a man appeared, wearing a hat
2) (oggetto) (persona) who, whom form., that; (cosa, animale di sesso imprecisato) that, whichè la donna più bella che (io) abbia mai visto — she's the most beautiful woman (that) I've ever seen
non c'è di che! — (formula di cortesia) you're welcome! don't mention it! (con valore temporale)
l'estate che ci siamo conosciuti — the summer when o in which we met
4) (con avverbi di luogo, di tempo)5) il che (cosa che) which2.aggettivo interrogativo1) (quale) what; (entro un gruppo ristretto) which2) che cosa what3. 4.aggettivo esclamativo5. 6. II [ke]che strano, bello! — how odd, lovely!
1) (dichiarativa) thatè probabile che venga — he is likely to come; (dopo verbi di volontà o comando)
la musica era così forte che... — the music was so loud that
3) (causale)vestiti, che usciamo — get dressed, (because) we're going out
4) (concessiva)non che non fosse contento, ma — he wasn't unhappy, but
5) (finale)6) (temporale)ogni volta che vieni — every time you come; (finché)
7) (imperativa, ottativa)8) (limitativa)non hanno il diritto, che io sappia, di intervenire — they have no right, as far as I know, to intervene
sia che..., sia che... — either...or...
10) (interrogativa)* * *che1/ke/1 (soggetto) (persona) who, that; (cosa, animale di sesso imprecisato) that, which; il cane, che mi aveva riconosciuto, si avvicinò the dog, which had recognized me, came up; e tu che pensavi di risparmiare! you were the one who thought (you were going) to save money! comparve un uomo che portava un cappello a man appeared, wearing a hat; è lui che me lo ha detto it was him who told me; lo sentii che parlava con Marco I heard him speaking to Marco2 (oggetto) (persona) who, whom form., that; (cosa, animale di sesso imprecisato) that, which; è la donna più bella che (io) abbia mai visto she's the most beautiful woman (that) I've ever seen; non mi piace la macchina che hai comprato I don't like the car (that) you've bought; stupido che sei! you silly thing! you fool!3 (complemento indiretto) non ha neanche di che mangiare he doesn't even have enough for food; non c'è di che! (formula di cortesia) you're welcome! don't mention it! (con valore temporale) l'estate che ci siamo conosciuti the summer when o in which we met4 (con avverbi di luogo, di tempo) fu allora che it was then that; è qui che si rilasciano i passaporti? is it here that they issue passports?5 il che (cosa che) which1 (quale) what; (entro un gruppo ristretto) which; di che colore è? what colour is it? che medaglie ha vinto? which medals did he win?2 che cosa what; che cosa fai? what are you doing? che cosa c'è? what's up? che cosa? non ho sentito what? I didn't hear; a che cosa stai pensando? what are you thinking of o about?what; che fai? what are you doing? che dire? what shall I say? che fare? what is to be done? che c'è di nuovo what's new?che strano, bello! how odd, lovely! che uomo! what a man! che coraggio! what courage!ma che mi tocca sentire! what I have to listen to! che! vai già via? what? are you off already?aveva un che di strano there was something weird about him; non ha fatto un gran che he didn't do a great deal.\See also notes... (che.pdf)————————che2/ke/1 (dichiarativa) that; penso che dovrebbe cambiare mestiere I think (that) he should do another job; so che è vero I know it's true; è probabile che venga he is likely to come; (dopo verbi di volontà o comando) papà vuole che andiamo con lui dad wants us to go with him; vorrei che fossi qui I wish you were here2 (consecutiva) in modo che capisca so that he can understand; la musica era così forte che... the music was so loud that...3 (causale) vestiti, che usciamo get dressed, (because) we're going out4 (concessiva) non che non fosse contento, ma he wasn't unhappy, but5 (finale) sta' attento che non cada mind that it doesn't fall6 (temporale) sono dieci anni che ci frequentiamo we've known each other for ten years; ogni volta che vieni every time you come; (finché) aspetto che parta I'm waiting for him to leave7 (imperativa, ottativa) che non se ne parli più let's hear no more about this; che Dio abbia misericordia di noi! (may) God have mercy on us!8 (limitativa) non hanno il diritto, che io sappia, di intervenire they have no right, as far as I know, to intervene9 (correlativa) che venga o no whether he comes or not; sia che..., sia che... either...or...; sia io che mio marito siamo vegetariani both myself and my husband are vegetarians10 (interrogativa) che mi sia ingannato? maybe I got it wrong11 (nelle comparative) è più diligente che dotato he's more diligent than gifted; studio più che posso I study as much as I can. -
114 autant
autant [otɑ̃]adverb• intelligent, il l'est autant que vous he's just as intelligent as you are• elle ne pensait pas qu'il aurait autant de succès she never thought that he would have so much success• vous invitez toujours autant de gens ? do you always invite so many people?d. ( = la même chose avec "en") the samee. ( = il est préférable de) autant prévenir la police it would be as well to tell the police• autant pour moi ! my mistake!• il a gagné, cela ne signifie pas pour autant qu'il est le meilleur he won, but that doesn't mean that he's the best► autant... autant• autant il aime les chiens, autant il déteste les chats he likes dogs as much as he hates cats► autant que possible as much as possible• je voudrais éviter les grandes routes autant que possible I'd like to avoid the major roads as much as possible► d'autant plus• c'est d'autant plus dangereux qu'il n'y a pas de parapet it's all the more dangerous since there is no parapet• écrivez-lui, d'autant (plus) que je ne suis pas sûr qu'il vienne demain you'd better write to him, especially as I'm not sure if he's coming tomorrow• d'autant plus ! all the more reason!* * *otɑ̃
1.
il n'a jamais autant neigé/plu — it has never snowed/rained so much
essaie or tâche d'en faire autant — try and do the same
autant je comprends leur chagrin, autant je déteste leur façon de l'étaler — as much as I understand their grief, I hate the way they parade it
j'aime autant te dire qu'il n'était pas content — believe me, he wasn't pleased
autant dire que la réunion est annulée — in other words the meeting is cancelled [BrE]
autant que tu peux — ( comme tu peux) as much as you can; ( aussi longtemps que tu peux) as long as you can
2.
autant de déterminant indéfini1) ( avec un nom dénombrable)autant de cadeaux/de gens — so many presents/people
autant d'énergie/d'argent — so much energy/money
3.
d'autant locution adverbialecela va permettre de réduire d'autant les coûts de production — this will allow an equivalent reduction in production costs
les salaires ont augmenté de 3% mais les prix ont augmenté d'autant — salaries have increased by 3% but prices have increased by just as much
d'autant moins — even less, all the less
d'autant plus heureux/grand que — all the happier/bigger as
4.
pour autant locution adverbiale gén for all that
5.
pour autant que locution conjonctive* * *otɑ̃ adv1) (absolu) (quantité) so much, (nombre) so manyJe ne veux pas autant de gâteau. — I don't want so much cake.
Je n'ai jamais vu autant de monde. — I've never seen so many people.
n'importe qui aurait pu en faire autant — anyone could have done the same, anyone could have done as much
2) (comparatif) (quantité) as much, (nombre) as manyautant que (quantité) — as much as, (nombre) as many as
J'ai autant d'argent que toi. — I've got as much money as you have.
J'ai autant d'amis que lui. — I've got as many friends as he has.
Il est fort autant que courageux. — He is as strong as he is brave.
Il va pleuvoir: autant partir. — It's going to rain: we may as well leave.
autant dire que... — one might as well say that...
Il n'est pas découragé pour autant. — Even so he's not discouraged.
d'autant — accordingly, in proportion
Elle est d'autant plus déçue qu'il le lui avait promis. — She's all the more disappointed since he had promised her.
C'est d'autant moins pratique pour lui qu'il doit changer deux fois de train. — It's even less convenient for him since he has to change trains twice.
* * *A adv comment peut-il manger/dormir autant? how can he eat/sleep so much?; il n'a jamais autant neigé/plu it has never snowed/rained so much; je t'aime toujours autant I still love you as much; essaie or tâche d'en faire autant try and do the same; je ne peux pas en dire autant I can't say the same; triste autant que désagréable as sad as it is unpleasant; autant elle est gentille, autant il peut être désagréable she's as nice as he's unpleasant; autant je comprends leur chagrin, autant je déteste leur façon de l'étaler as much as I understand their grief, I hate the way they parade it; cela m'agace autant que toi it annoys me as much as it does you; ma mère autant que mon père déteste voyager my mother hates travellingGB as much as my father does; je les hais tous autant qu'ils sont I hate every single one of them; je me moque de ce que vous pensez tous autant que vous êtes I don't care what any of you think; j'aime autant partir tout de suite I'd rather leave straight away, I'd just as soon leave straight away; j'aime autant ne pas attendre pour le faire I'd rather not wait to do it, I'd just as soon not wait to do it; j'aime autant te dire qu'il n'était pas content believe me, he wasn't pleased; autant dire que la réunion est annulée in other words the meeting is cancelledGB; autant parler à un mur you might as well be talking to the wall; donnez-m'en encore autant give me as much again; tout autant just as much; il risque tout autant de faire he equally runs the risk of doing; autant que faire se peut as much as possible, as far as possible; autant que je sache as far as I know; autant que tu peux/veux (comme tu peux/veux) as much as you can/like; (aussi longtemps que tu peux/veux) as long as you can/like; tu peux changer le motif autant que tu veux you can change the pattern as much as you like.B autant de dét indéf1 ( avec un nom dénombrable) autant de cadeaux/de gens/d'erreurs so many presents/people/mistakes; leurs promesses sont autant de mensonges their promises are just so many lies; il les considère comme autant de clients potentiels he considers them as so many potential customers; il y a autant de femmes que d'hommes there are as many women as (there are) men; je n'ai pas eu autant d'ennuis que lui I haven't had as many problems as he has;2 ( avec un nom non dénombrable) autant d'énergie/d'argent/de temps so much energy/money/time; autant de gentillesse/stupidité such kindness/stupidity; ce sera toujours autant de fait that'll be done at least; je n'ai pas eu autant de chance que lui I haven't had as much luck as he has, I haven't been as lucky as he has; je n'ai plus autant de force qu'avant I'm not as strong as I used to be; autant à boire qu'à manger as much to drink as to eat; je n'avais jamais vu autant de monde I'd never seen so many people; il y a autant de place qu'ici there's as much space as there is here; il a révélé autant de gentillesse que d'intelligence he showed as much kindness as he did intelligence.C d'autant loc adv cela va permettre de réduire d'autant les coûts de production this will allow an equivalent reduction in production costs; les salaires ont augmenté de 3% mais les prix ont augmenté d'autant salaries have increased by 3% but prices have increased by just as much; les informations seront décalées d'une heure et les émissions suivantes retardées d'autant the news will be broadcast an hour later than scheduled as will the following programmesGB; d'autant plus! all the more reason!; d'autant mieux! all the better, even better!; d'autant moins even less, all the less; d'autant moins contrôlable even less easy to control; il pouvait d'autant moins ignorer les faits que… it was all the more difficult for him to ignore the facts since…; n'étant pas jalouse moi-même je le comprends d'autant moins not being jealous myself I find it even harder to understand; d'autant que all the more so as; il était furieux d'autant (plus) que personne ne l'avait prévenu he was all the more furious as nobody had warned him; d'autant plus heureux/grand que… all the happier/bigger as…; une histoire d'autant moins vraisemblable que… a story all the more implausible since…; la mesure a été d'autant mieux admise que… the measure was all the more welcome since…D pour autant loc adv gén for all that; ( en début de phrase) but for all that; sans pour autant faire without necessarily doing; je ne vais pas abandonner pour autant I'm not going to give up for all that; sans pour autant tout modifier without necessarily changing everything; sans pour autant que les loyers augmentent without rents necessarily increasing.E pour autant que loc conj pour autant que as far as; pour autant qu'ils se mettent d'accord if they agree; pour autant que je sache as far as I know.[otɑ̃] adverbe1. [marquant l'intensité]pourquoi attendre autant? why wait that ou so long?a. [que tu l'aimes] I like him as much as you dob. [que je t'aime] I like him as much as you2. [indiquant la quantité]3. (avec 'en') [la même chose]il a fini son travail, je ne peux pas en dire autant he's finished his work, I wish I could say as much ou the same4. (avec l'infinitif) [mieux vaut]autant revenir demain I/you etc. might as well come back tomorrow5. [mieux]6. (Belgique) [tant]————————autant... autant locution correlativeautant il est cultivé, autant il est nul en mathématiques he's highly educated, but he's no good at mathematicsautant j'aime le vin, autant je déteste la bière I hate beer as much as I love wine————————autant de locution déterminante[avec un nom non comptable] as much[avec un nom comptable] as manyil y a autant d'eau/de sièges ici there's as much water/there are as many seats hereautant d'hommes, autant d'avis as many opinions as there are men(c'est) autant de gagné ou de pris at least that's something————————autant dire locution adverbialej'ai été payé 300 euros, autant dire rien I was paid 300 euros, in other words a pittance————————autant dire que locution conjonctivetrois heures dans le four, autant dire que le poulet était carbonisé! after three hours in the oven, needless to say the chicken was burnt to a cinder!l'ambassade ne répond plus, autant dire que tout est perdu the embassy's phones are dead, a sure sign that all is lost————————autant que locution conjonctive1. [dans la mesure où] as far as2. [il est préférable que]autant que je vous le dise tout de suite... I may as well tell you straightaway...————————d'autant locution adverbialesi le coût de la vie augmente de 2 %, les salaires seront augmentés d'autant if the cost of living goes up by 2%, salaries will be raised accordinglycela augmente d'autant mon intérêt pour cette question it makes me all the more interested in this questionsi l'on raccourcit la première étagère de cinq centimètres, il faudra raccourcir la deuxième d'autant if we shorten the first shelf by five centimetres, we'll have to shorten the second one by the same amount————————d'autant mieux locution adverbialepars à la campagne, tu te reposeras d'autant mieux you'll have a much better rest if you go to the country————————d'autant mieux que locution conjonctiveil a travaillé d'autant mieux qu'il se sentait encouragé he worked all the better for feeling encouraged————————d'autant moins que locution conjonctiveje le vois d'autant moins qu'il est très occupé en ce moment I see even less of him now that he's very busy————————d'autant moins... que locution correlativeelle est d'autant moins excusable qu'on l'avait prévenue what she did is all the less forgivable as she'd been warned————————d'autant plus locution adverbiale————————d'autant plus que locution conjonctiveil vous écoutera d'autant plus qu'il vous connaît he'll listen to you, especially as ou particularly as he knows youd'autant plus... que locution correlativec'est d'autant plus stupide qu'il ne sait pas nager it's particularly ou all the more stupid given (the fact) that he can't swim————————d'autant que locution conjonctivec'est une bonne affaire, d'autant que le crédit est très avantageux it's a good deal, especially as the terms of credit are very advantageouspour autant locution adverbialela situation n'est pas perdue pour autant the situation isn't hopeless for all that, it doesn't necessarily mean all is lostil t'aime bien, mais il ne t'aidera pas pour autant just because he's fond of you (it) doesn't mean that he'll help youfais-le-lui remarquer sans pour autant le culpabiliser point it out to him, but don't make him feel guilty about it————————pour autant que locution conjonctive -
115 that
̘. ̈pron. ̆̈pl. thosẽ ̘ˑðæt
1. мест.
1) указ. тот, та, то (иногда этот и пр.) а) указывает на лицо, понятие, событие, предмет, действие, отдаленные по месту или времени б) противополагается this в) указывает на что-л. уже известное говорящему г) заменяет сущ. во избежание его повторения This wine is better than that. ≈ Это вино лучше того. The climate here is like that of France. ≈ Здешний климат похож на климат Франции.
2) (полная форма) ;
(редуцированные формы) относ. а) который, кто, тот который и т. п. б) часто равно in which, on which, at which, for which и т. д. ∙ by that ≈ тем самым, этим like that ≈ таким образом that's that ≈ ничего не поделаешь;
так-то вот that is ≈ то есть now that ≈ теперь, когда with that ≈ вместе с тем
2. нареч.
1) так, до такой степени He was that angry he couldn't say a word. ≈ Он был до того рассержен, что слова не мог вымолвить. The hair was about that long. ≈ Волосы были примерно такой длины.
2) очень, чрезвычайно, в высшей степени I did not take him that seriously. ≈ Я не воспринимала его всерьез. Syn: very
2., extremely
3. (полная форма) ;
(редуцированная форма) союз что, чтобы (служит для введения придаточных предложений дополнительных, цели, следствия и др.) I know all that is necessary. ≈ Я знаю все, что нужно. She knew that he was there. ≈ Она знала, что он был там. это - what is *? что это такое? - who is *? кто это? - is * you, John?, (разговорное) * you, John? это ты, Джон? - are those your children? это ваши дети? - is * all the luggage you are taking? это весь ваш багаж? - those are my orders таковы мои распоряжения это, этого и т. д.;
вот что - *'s not fair это несправедливо - *'s just like her это так на нее похоже, в этом она вся - * is what he told me вот что она мне сказал;
это то, что он мне сказал - *'s how I happened to be here вот как я здесь очутился - they all think * они все так думают - have things come to *? неужели до этого дошло? - and so * is setteled итак, это решено - *'s where he lives вот где он живет, он живет здесь ( эмоционально-усилительно) (разговорное) вот - those are something like shoes вот это туфли - good stuff *! вот это правильно!;
вот это да!, вот это я понимаю! в противопоставлении: - this то - this is new and * is old это новое, а то старое - I prefer these to those я предпочитаю эти тем употр. вместо другого слова или словосочетания, упомянутых выше, во избежание повторения: заменяет группу существительного - the climate there is like * of France климат там похож на климат Франции - her eyes were those of a frightened child у нее были глаза испуганного ребенка - a house like * is described here дом, подобный этому, описан здесь - I have only two pairs of shoes and those are old у меня только две пары ботинок, да и те поношенные заменяет группу глагола, эмоц. - усил. - they must be very curious creatures. - They are * это, должно быть, очень странные создания. - Так оно и есть - it was necessary to act and * promptly нужно было действовать и (действовать) быстро - they are fine chaps. - They are * славные это ребята. - Да, правда - he studied Greek and Latin when he was young, and * at Oxford он учил греческий и латынь, когда он был молодым, и учил их он в Оксфорде - will you help me? - T. I will! ты мне поможешь? - Всенепременно! в коррелятивных местоименных сочетаниях: тот (который) - those that I saw те, кого я видел - Fine Art is * in which the hand, the head, and the heart go together искусство - это такая область, где руки, мысли и душа едины - there was * in her which commanded respect в ней было нечто такое, что вызывало невольное уважение - those who wish to go may do so кто хочет, может уйти - one of those who were present один из присутствовавших (эллиптически) тот который - be * thou know'st thou art будь самим собой первое( из вышеупомянутых) - work and play are both necessary to health;
this gives us rest and * gives us energy и труд и развлечение необходимы для здоровья - одно развивает энергию, другое дает отдых который, которая, которые ((обыкн.) следует непосредственно за определяемым словом;
часто может быть опущено) - this is about all * he has to say это в основном все, что он может сказать - the letter * came yesterday то письмо, которое пришло вчера - this is the house * Jack built вот дом, который построил Джек - the man ( *) you were looking for has come (тот) человек, которого вы искали, пришел - during the years ( *) he had spent abroad в течение (тех) лет, что он провел за границей - the envelope ( *) I put it in (тот) конверт, в который я это положил - the man ( *) we are speaking about (тот) человек, о котором мы говорим - this is he * brought the news (книжное) вот тот, кто принес это известие в сочетании со словами, обозначающими время: когда - the night ( *) we went to the theatre в тот вечер, когда мы ходили в театр - it was the year * we went to England это случилось в тот год, когда мы поехали в Англию ( устаревшее) то что, все что, тот кто, всякий кто (определяемое слово подразумевается) - I earn * I eat, get * I wear я сам зарабатываю то, что я ем и что ношу, я сам добываю себе пищу и одежду - I am * I am я остаюсь самим собой во вводных предложениях: как ни, хоть и - wicked man * he was he would not consent to it как ни был он низок, он не соглашался на это в восклицательных предложениях: - wretch * I am! о я несчастный!, несчастный я! - fool * he is! ну и дурак же он!, дурак он несчастный! в грам. знач. прил.: этот, эта, это;
тот, та, то - everybody is agreed on * point по тому вопросу разногласий нет - since * time с того времени - in those days в те времена - who are those people? кто эти люди? - I only saw him * once я его только один раз и видел - * man will get on! этот человек своего добьется! в противопоставлении this: тот, та, то - this book is interesting and * one is not эта книга интересна(я), а та нет в сочетании с here, there: (просторечие) вон - * here chair and * there table вот этот стул и вон тот стол( эмоционально-усилительно) (разговорное) часто в сочетании с собственным именем: этот, эта, это - when you will have done thumping * piano? когда ты кончишь барабанить на этом (твоем) рояле? - he has * confidence in his theory он непоколебимо уверен в правильности своей теории - what is it about * Mrs. Bellew? I never liked her что там с этой миссис Белью? Она никогда мне не нравилась - * fool of a porter! этот дурак носильщик! - how is * leg of yours? ну, как ваша нога? - it's * wife of his who is to blame винить надо (эту) его жену - I don't like * house of here не нравится мне (этот) ее дом (просторечие) эти - * ill manners эти мои дурные манеры (устаревшее) такой, в такой степени - he blushed to * degree that I felt ill at ease он так покраснел, что мне стало неловко в грам. знач. нареч.: (разговорное) так, до такой степени - if he wanted is * much если он так уж сильно хотел этого - I can't walk * far я не могу идти так далеко - when I was * tall когда я был вот такого роста - he was * angry he couldn't say a word он был до того рассержен, что слова не мог вымолвить (диалектизм) (американизм) столько, так - he talk * much! он столько говорит! - he is * sleepy он такой сонный - he was * tall! он был такого огромного роста в грам. знач. определенного артикля: тот, та, то;
этот, эта, это - he lives in * house across the street он живет в (том) доме через дорогу - what was * noise? что это был за шум? в коррелятивных местоименных сочетаниях: тот (который), та (которая), то (которое) - * part which concerns us (та) часть, которая нас касается - * man we are speaking of has come (тот) человек, о котором мы говорим, уже здесь > (and) *'s * так-то вот;
такие-то дела;
ничего не поделаешь;
так вот, значит > (and) *'s * дело с концом;
на этом точка > all * все это, все такое > and all * и все (такое) прочее;
и так далее > it is not so cold as all * и не так уж холодно > after * после того, что;
после того, как > at * после этого;
затем;
(американизм) при всем при том;
к тому же;
сверх того;
на этом > it is only a snapshot and a poor one at * это всего лишь любительский снимок, да еще и плохой к тому же > and usually I leave it at * и на этом я обычно прекращаю разговор > by * к тому времени;
(под) этим > what do you mean by *? что вы этим хотите сказать?, что вы подразумеваете под этим? > upon * когда;
как (только) ;
после этого;
при этом;
с этими словами > with * she took out her handkerchief с этими словами она вынула носовой платок > *'s all вот и все > *'s it это как раз то, что нам надо;
вот именно, правильно > *'s right! правильно! > *'s more like it это другой разговор, это другое дело > *'s * все, решено > well *'s *;
at least I know where I am going ну что ж, решено;
по крайне мере, я знаю, куда еду > *'ll do довольно, хватит;
этого будет достаточно > *'s done it это решило дело;
это переполнило чашу > *'s a good boy!, *'s a dear! вот и хорошо!, правильно!, молодец!, умник! > like * так;
таким образом > why are you crying like *? чего ты так плачешь? > a man like * подобный человек > o *!, would *! о если бы!, хотелось бы мне, чтобы > come out of *! (сленг) убирайся!, выметайся! > take *! на, получай!, вот тебе! (при ударе) > I wouldn't give * for it я даже вот столечко не дал бы за это вводит сказуемое, дополнительные и аппозитивные придаточные предложения: (то) что - * they were brothers was clear то, что они братья, было ясно - it seems * you have forgotten me вы, кажется, забыли меня - I know * it is unjust я знаю, что это несправедливо - I fear * I cannot come боюсь, что не смогу прийти - he made it clear * he did not agree он дал понять, что не согласен - there is no doubt * we were wrong from the start несомненно, мы были не правы с с самого начала - the fact * I am here non факт, что я здесь - the thought * he would be late oppressed him мысль, что он опоздает, угнетала его вводит придаточные дополнительные предложения и сказуемые с причинным оттенком значения: что, так как;
потому что - I'm sorry * this has happened мне очень жаль, что так случилось - if I complain it is * I want you to do better in future если я и жалуюсь, то потому, что хочу, чтобы вы поступали лучше в будущем вводит придаточные цели (часто so *, in order *): так (чтобы) - let's finish now (so) * we can rest tomorrow давайте закончим сейчас, (так) чтобы завтра можно было отдохнуть - come nearer * I may see you подойдите поближе, чтобы я мог увидеть вас - put it there so * it won't be forgotten положи это туда, чтобы не забыть - they kept quiet so * he might sleep они сидели тихо, чтобы дать ему поспать - study * you may learn учись, а то знать ничего не будешь вводит придаточные: результата: что - I am so tired * I can hardly stand я так устал, что еле стою - the light was so bright * it hurt our eyes свет был такой яркий, ято было больно смотреть основания( обыкн. после вопросительного или отрицательного главного предложения): что - who is he * everybody supports him? кто он такой, что все поддерживают его? пояснительные: что - you have well done * you have come вы хорошо сделали, что пришли необходимого следствия или сопровождения (обыкн. после отрицательного главного предложения): (без того) чтобы - never a month goes by * he does not write to us не проходит и месяца, чтобы он не написал нам - I can't speak but * you try to interrupt me как только я начинаю говорить, вы перебиваете меня вводит придаточные предложения в составе эмфатических сложных предложений: - it was there * I first me her здесь я встретил ее впервые - it was because he didn't work * he failed он потерпел неудачу, потому что не работал вводит восклицательные предложения, выражающие удивление, негодование, сильное желание и т. п.: чтобы, что - * he should behave like that! чтобы он себя так вел! - oh * I migth see you once more! о если бы я мог еще раз увидеть вас! - to think * I knew nothing about it! подумать только, (что) я ничего об этом не знал! - * I should live to see such things! дожил, нечего сказать! - * one so fair should be so false! такая краасивая, и такая лгунья! (устаревшее) вводит придаточное предложение, параллельное предшествующему придаточному, употребленному с другим союзом;
переводится как союз первого придаточного - although the rear was attacked and * fifty men were captured несмотря на то, что нападение было произведено с тыла и несмотря на то, что пятьдесят солдат были захвачены в плен( устаревшее) следует за рядом союзов, не изменяя их значения: - because * так как, потому что - if * если - lest * чтобы не - though * хотя в сочетаниях: - not * не то чтобы;
насколько - I wondrr what happened, not * I care хоть мне и все равно, а все-таки интересно, что там случилось - not * it matters, but the letter has not been sent yet я не хочу сказать, что это так уж важно, но письмо все еще не отправлено - in * тем что;
поскольку;
так как - some of his books have become classics in * they are read by most students interested in anthropology некоторые из его книг стали классическими, их читают почти все студенты, интересующиеся антропологией - but * если бы не - I would have gone with you but * I am so busy я бы пошел с вами, если бы не - he is not such a fool but * he can see it он не так глуп, чтобы не видеть этого после отрацательных предложений: что - I don't deny but * he is right я не отрицаю, что он прав не то чтобы - not but * he believed it himself не то чтобы он верил этому сам - except * кроме того, что;
не считая того, что - it is right except * the accents are omitted это правильно, если не считать того, что пропущены ударения - notwithstanding * (устаревшее) хотя, несмотря на то, что and all ~ и тому подобное, и все такое прочее;
by that тем самым, этим;
like that таким образом assumed ~ при допущении, что assumed ~ при предположении, что assuming ~ допуская, что assuming ~ полагая, что believing ~ полагая, что the book ~ I'm reading книга, которую я читаю and all ~ и тому подобное, и все такое прочее;
by that тем самым, этим;
like that таким образом the explosion was so loud ~ he was deafened взрыв был настолько силен, что оглушил его;
oh, that I knew the truth! о, если бы я знал правду! he was ~ angry he couldn't say a word он был до того рассержен, что слова не мог вымолвить I know ~ it was so я знаю, что это было так;
we eat that we may live мы едим, чтобы поддерживать жизнь I went to this doctor and ~ я обращался к разным врачам;
now that теперь, когда;
with that вместе с тем and all ~ и тому подобное, и все такое прочее;
by that тем самым, этим;
like that таким образом that pron rel. который, кто, тот, который;
the members that were present те из членов, которые присутствовали move ~ предлагать ~'s ~ разг. ничего не поделаешь;
так-то вот;
that is то есть;
not that не потому (или не то), чтобы I went to this doctor and ~ я обращался к разным врачам;
now that теперь, когда;
with that вместе с тем on ground ~ на том основании, что provided ~ в том случае, если provided ~ если только provided ~ однако provided ~ при условии, что that pron rel. который, кто, тот, который;
the members that were present те из членов, которые присутствовали ~ так, до такой степени;
that far настолько далеко;
на такое расстояние;
that much столько ~ pron demonstr. тот, та, то (иногда этот и пр.) ;
this: this wine is better than that это вино лучше того ~ pron (pl those) demonstr. тот, та, то (иногда этот и пр.) ~ cj что, чтобы (служит для введения придаточных предложений дополнительных, цели, следствия и др.) this: ~ pron demonstr. (pl these) этот, эта, это that: take this book and I'll take that one возьмите эту книгу, а я возьму ту ~ day тот день;
that man тот человек ~ так, до такой степени;
that far настолько далеко;
на такое расстояние;
that much столько the explosion was so loud ~ he was deafened взрыв был настолько силен, что оглушил его;
oh, that I knew the truth! о, если бы я знал правду! ~'s ~ разг. ничего не поделаешь;
так-то вот;
that is то есть;
not that не потому (или не то), чтобы ~ day тот день;
that man тот человек ~ так, до такой степени;
that far настолько далеко;
на такое расстояние;
that much столько ~'s it! вот именно!, правильно!;
that's all there is to it ну, вот и все;
this and that разные ~'s ~ разг. ничего не поделаешь;
так-то вот;
that is то есть;
not that не потому (или не то), чтобы ~'s it! вот именно!, правильно!;
that's all there is to it ну, вот и все;
this and that разные ~ pron demonstr. тот, та, то (иногда этот и пр.) ;
this: this wine is better than that это вино лучше того I know ~ it was so я знаю, что это было так;
we eat that we may live мы едим, чтобы поддерживать жизнь I went to this doctor and ~ я обращался к разным врачам;
now that теперь, когда;
with that вместе с тем -
116 all
o:l
1. adjective, pronoun1) (the whole (of): He ate all the cake; He has spent all of his money.) todo2) (every one (of a group) when taken together: They were all present; All men are equal.) todos
2. adverb1) (entirely: all alone; dressed all in white.) completamente, totalmente2) ((with the) much; even: Your low pay is all the more reason to find a new job; I feel all the better for a shower.) tanto, aún•- all-out
- all-round
- all-rounder
- all-terrain vehicle
- all along
- all at once
- all in
- all in all
- all over
- all right
- in all
all1 adj todoall2 adv1. completamente / totalmente2. empatados / igualesthe score was three all empataron a tres / el partido terminó con un empate a tresall3 pron1. todo2. lo único / sólo3. todos / todo el mundotr[ɔːl]1 (singular) todo,-a; (plural) todos,-as■ all day/month/year todo el día/mes/año■ all morning/afternoon/night/week toda la mañana/tarde/noche/semana1 (everything) todo, la totalidad nombre femenino2 (everybody) todos nombre masculino plural, todo el mundo■ all of them helped/they all helped ayudaron todos1 completamente, totalmente■ you're all dirty! ¡estás todo sucio!\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLall along desde el principioall but casi■ it's £235 all in son £235 todo incluidoall in all en conjuntoall or nothing todo o nadaall over en todas partesto be all over acabarall right (acceptable) bien, bueno,-a, satisfactorio,-a■ the film's all right, but I've seen better ones la película no está mal, pero las he visto mejores 2 (well, safe) bien■ are you coming? --all right ¿te vienes? --vale 4 (calming, silencing) vale■ it was the thin one all right era el flaco, estoy seguroall that tanall the «+ comp» tanto + adj/adv, aún + adj/advall the same igualmente, a pesar de todoto be all the same to somebody dar lo mismo a alguienall the time todo el rato, siempreall told en totalall too «+ adj/adv» demasiado + adj/advat all en absolutoat all times siemprein all en totalnot at all no hay de quéAll Fools' Day el día 1 de abril (≈ día de los Santos Inocentes)All Saints' Day día nombre masculino de Todos los SantosAll Souls' Day día nombre masculino los Fieles Difuntosall ['ɔl] adv1) completely: todo, completamente2) : igualthe score is 14 all: es 14 iguales, están empatados a 143)all the better : tanto mejor4)all the more : aún más, todavía másall adj: todoall the children: todos los niñosin all likelihood: con toda probabilidad, con la mayor probabilidadall pron1) : todo, -dathey ate it all: lo comieron todothat's all: eso es todoenough for all: suficiente para todos2)all in all : en general3)adj.• todo, -a adj.• todos adj.adv.• completamente adv.• del todo adv.n.• todo s.m.pron.• todo (s) pron.
I ɔːl1) (before n) todo, -da; (pl) todos, -dasall kinds o sorts of people — todo tipo de gente
all morning — toda la mañana, la mañana entera
what's all this we hear about you leaving? — ¿qué es eso de que te vas?
I might as well not bother for all the notice he takes — para el caso que me hace, más vale que ni me moleste
we were dabbling in drink, drugs and all that — flirteábamos con la bebida, las drogas y todo eso or y todo lo demás; see also all III 3) d)
2)a) ( the greatest possible)b) ( any)
II
1) ( everything) (+ sing vb) todoall I can say is... — todo lo que puedo decir es..., lo único que puedo decir es...
will that be all, madam? — ¿algo más señora?, ¿eso es todo, señora?
all in good time — todo a su debido tiempo, cada cosa a su tiempo
2)a) ( everyone) (+ pl vb) todos, -dasshe is the cleverest of all — es la más inteligente de todos/todas
I don't intend to tell anyone, least of all her! — no pienso decírselo a nadie y a ella menos todavía
3)all of: now that all of the children go to school ahora que todos los niños van al colegio; all of the cheese todo el queso; it took all of 20 years to complete it — se tardó 20 años enteros en acabarlo
4) (after n, pron) todo, -da; (pl) todos, -dasthe unfairness of it all — la injusticia del caso or del asunto
5) (in phrases)a)b)c)he ate it, skin and all — se lo comió con la cáscara y todo
d)at all: they don't like him at all no les gusta nada; I'm not at all worried o worried at all no estoy preocupada en absoluto, no estoy para nada preocupada; thank you - not at all gracias - de nada or no hay de qué; she didn't feel at all well no se sentía nada bien; it's not bad at all, it's not at all bad no está nada mal; they'll come late, if they come at all vendrán tarde, si es que vienen; if (it's) at all possible — si fuera posible
e)
III
1) ( completely)you've gone all red — te has puesto todo colorado/toda colorada
I got all wet — me mojé todo/toda
I'm all ears — soy todo/toda oídos
it's all the same to me — a mí me da igual or lo mismo
2) (each, apiece) ( Sport)3) (in phrases)a)b)the game had all but finished — prácticamente or ya casi había terminado el partido
c)all for: to be all for something: I'm all for sex education — estoy totalmente a favor de la educación sexual
d)all that — ( particularly) (usu neg)
e)all the — (+ comp)
it is all the more remarkable if you consider... — resulta aún or todavía más extraordinario si se tiene en cuenta...
IV
[ɔːl] When all is part of a set combination, eg in all seriousness/probability, look up the noun. Note that all right has an entry to itself.to give one's all — ( make supreme effort) dar* todo de sí; ( sacrifice everything) darlo* todo, dar* todo lo que se tiene
1. ADJECTIVE1) todoit rained all day — llovió todo el día, llovió el día entero
40% of all marriages end in divorce — el 40% de los matrimonios terminan en divorcio
•
it would have to rain today, of all days! — ¡tenía que llover hoy justamente!•
for all their efforts, they didn't manage to score — a pesar de todos sus esfuerzos, no lograron marcar un tanto•
they chose him, of all people! — lo eligieron a él, como si no hubiera otrosall that and all that y cosas así, y otras cosas por el estilo•
all those who disobey will be punished — todos aquellos que desobedezcan serán castigadosof all the...sorry and all that, but that's the way it is — disculpas y todo lo demás, pero así son las cosas
of all the luck! — ¡vaya suerte!
best, four 2., 2)of all the tactless things to say! — ¡qué falta de tacto!
2) (=any)•
the town had changed beyond all recognition — la ciudad había cambiado hasta hacerse irreconocible2. PRONOUN1) (singular)a) (=everything) todo•
we did all we could to stop him — hicimos todo lo posible para detenerlo•
all is not lost — liter or hum aún quedan esperanzas•
all of it — todoI didn't read all of it — no lo leí todo or entero
you can't see all of Madrid in a day — no puedes ver todo Madrid or Madrid entero en un día
it took him all of three hours — (=at least) le llevó tres horas enteras; iro (=only) le llevó ni más ni menos que tres horas
she must be all of 16 — iro debe de tener al menos 16 años
six o'clock? is that all? — ¿las seis? ¿nada más?
best, once 1., 1)that's all — eso es todo, nada más
b) (=the only thing)all I can tell you is... — todo lo que puedo decirte es..., lo único que puedo decirte es...
that was all that we managed to salvage from the fire — eso fue todo lo que conseguimos rescatar del incendio
•
all that matters is that you're safe — lo único que importa es que estás a salvo•
this concerns all of you — esto os afecta a todos (vosotros)•
they all say that — todos dicen lo mismo•
all who knew him loved him — todos los que le conocieron le querían3) (in scores)the score is two all — van empatados a dos, el marcador es de empate a dos
above all sobre todo after all después de todo all butit's 30 all — (Tennis) treinta iguales
all for nothingall but seven/twenty — todos menos siete/veinte
all in all en generalI rushed to get there, all for nothing — fui a toda prisa, todo para nada, fui a toda prisa, y total para nada
all in all, things turned out quite well — en general, las cosas salieron bastante bien
all told en total and allwe thought, all in all, it wasn't a bad idea — pensamos que, mirándolo bien, no era una mala idea
for all I care for all I knowthe dog ate the sausage, mustard and all — el perro se comió la salchicha, mostaza incluida
for all I know he could be dead — puede que hasta esté muerto, no lo sé
if (...) at allfor all I know, he could be right — igual hasta tiene razón, no lo sé
I'll go tomorrow if I go at all — si es que voy, iré mañana
it rarely rains here, if at all — aquí rara vez llueve, si es que llueve
I'd like to see him today, if (it's) at all possible — me gustaría verlo hoy, si es del todo posible
in all it allthey won't attempt it, if they have any sense at all — si tienen el más mínimo sentido común, no lo intentarán
it's all or nothing es todo o nada most of all sobre todo, más que nada no... at all not... at allshe seemed to have it all: a good job, a happy marriage — parecía tenerlo todo: un buen trabajo, un matrimonio feliz
I'm not at all tired — no estoy cansado en lo más mínimo or en absoluto
you mean he didn't cry at all? — ¿quieres decir que no lloró nada?
not at all! (answer to thanks) ¡de nada!, ¡no hay de qué!did you mention me at all? — ¿mencionaste mi nombre por casualidad?
"are you disappointed?" - "not at all!" — -¿estás defraudado? -en absoluto
3. ADVERB1) (=entirely) todoMake todo agree with the person or thing described:•
there were insects all around us — había insectos por todas partes•
I did it all by myself — lo hice completamente soloall along•
she was dressed all in black — iba vestida completamente de negroall along the street — a lo largo de toda la calle, por toda la calle
all but (=nearly) casithis is what I feared all along — esto es lo que estaba temiendo desde el primer momento or el principio
all for sthhe all but died — casi se muere, por poco se muere
all in (=all inclusive) (Brit) todo incluido; (=exhausted) * hecho polvo *I'm all for giving children their independence — estoy completamente a favor de or apoyo completamente la idea de dar independencia a los niños
the trip cost £200 all in — el viaje costó 200 libras, todo incluido
after a day's skiing I was all in — después de un día esquiando, estaba hecho polvo * or rendido
all outyou look all in — se te ve rendido, ¡vaya cara de estar hecho polvo! *
all overto go all out — (=spare no expense) tirar la casa por la ventana; (Sport) emplearse a fondo
all over the world you'll find... — en or por todo el mundo encontrarás...
all the more...I looked all over for you — te busqué por or en todas partes
considering his age, it's all the more remarkable that he succeeded — teniendo en cuenta su edad, es aún más extraordinario que lo haya logrado
all too...she valued her freedom, all the more so because she had fought so hard for it — valoraba mucho su libertad, tanto más cuanto que había luchado tanto por conseguirla
all up with all very...all too soon, the holiday was over — cuando quisimos darnos cuenta las vacaciones habían terminado
not all there•
that's all very well but... — todo eso está muy bien, pero...not all that... all-out, better I, 2.he isn't all there * — no tiene todos los tornillos bien *, le falta algún tornillo *
4.NOUN (=utmost)•
he had given her his all — (=affection) se había entregado completamente a ella; (=possessions) le había dado todo lo que tenía•
he puts his all into every game — se da completamente en cada partido, siempre da todo lo que puede de sí en cada partido5.COMPOUNDSthe all clear N — (=signal) el cese de la alarma, el fin de la alarma; (fig) el visto bueno, luz verde
all clear! — ¡fin de la alerta!
to be given the all clear — (to do sth) recibir el visto bueno, recibir luz verde; (by doctor) recibir el alta médica or definitiva
All Fools' Day N — ≈ día m de los (Santos) Inocentes
All Hallows' (Day) N — día m de Todos los Santos
All Saints' Day N — día m de Todos los Santos
All Souls' Day N — día m de (los) Difuntos (Sp), día m de (los) Muertos (LAm)
* * *
I [ɔːl]1) (before n) todo, -da; (pl) todos, -dasall kinds o sorts of people — todo tipo de gente
all morning — toda la mañana, la mañana entera
what's all this we hear about you leaving? — ¿qué es eso de que te vas?
I might as well not bother for all the notice he takes — para el caso que me hace, más vale que ni me moleste
we were dabbling in drink, drugs and all that — flirteábamos con la bebida, las drogas y todo eso or y todo lo demás; see also all III 3) d)
2)a) ( the greatest possible)b) ( any)
II
1) ( everything) (+ sing vb) todoall I can say is... — todo lo que puedo decir es..., lo único que puedo decir es...
will that be all, madam? — ¿algo más señora?, ¿eso es todo, señora?
all in good time — todo a su debido tiempo, cada cosa a su tiempo
2)a) ( everyone) (+ pl vb) todos, -dasshe is the cleverest of all — es la más inteligente de todos/todas
I don't intend to tell anyone, least of all her! — no pienso decírselo a nadie y a ella menos todavía
3)all of: now that all of the children go to school ahora que todos los niños van al colegio; all of the cheese todo el queso; it took all of 20 years to complete it — se tardó 20 años enteros en acabarlo
4) (after n, pron) todo, -da; (pl) todos, -dasthe unfairness of it all — la injusticia del caso or del asunto
5) (in phrases)a)b)c)he ate it, skin and all — se lo comió con la cáscara y todo
d)at all: they don't like him at all no les gusta nada; I'm not at all worried o worried at all no estoy preocupada en absoluto, no estoy para nada preocupada; thank you - not at all gracias - de nada or no hay de qué; she didn't feel at all well no se sentía nada bien; it's not bad at all, it's not at all bad no está nada mal; they'll come late, if they come at all vendrán tarde, si es que vienen; if (it's) at all possible — si fuera posible
e)
III
1) ( completely)you've gone all red — te has puesto todo colorado/toda colorada
I got all wet — me mojé todo/toda
I'm all ears — soy todo/toda oídos
it's all the same to me — a mí me da igual or lo mismo
2) (each, apiece) ( Sport)3) (in phrases)a)b)the game had all but finished — prácticamente or ya casi había terminado el partido
c)all for: to be all for something: I'm all for sex education — estoy totalmente a favor de la educación sexual
d)all that — ( particularly) (usu neg)
e)all the — (+ comp)
it is all the more remarkable if you consider... — resulta aún or todavía más extraordinario si se tiene en cuenta...
IV
to give one's all — ( make supreme effort) dar* todo de sí; ( sacrifice everything) darlo* todo, dar* todo lo que se tiene
-
117 for
fo:
1. preposition1) (to be given or sent to: This letter is for you.) para2) (towards; in the direction of: We set off for London.) para, hacia, en dirección a3) (through a certain time or distance: for three hours; for three miles.) durante4) (in order to have, get, be etc: He asked me for some money; Go for a walk.) (pedir dinero); (salir) a (pasear)5) (in return; as payment: He paid $2 for his ticket.) por6) (in order to be prepared: He's getting ready for the journey.) para7) (representing: He is the member of parliament for Hull.) por8) (on behalf of: Will you do it for me?) por9) (in favour of: Are you for or against the plan?) por, a favor de10) (because of: for this reason.) por, a causa de11) (having a particular purpose: She gave me money for the bus fare.) para12) (indicating an ability or an attitude to: a talent for baking; an ear for music.) para13) (as being: They mistook him for someone else.) por, para14) (considering what is used in the case of: It is quite warm for January (= considering that it is January when it is usually cold).) para15) (in spite of: For all his money, he didn't seem happy.) a pesar de
2. conjunction(because: It must be late, for I have been here a long time.) ya que, puesto quefor prep1. parais this the train for London? ¿es éste el tren que va a Londres?2. porI bought it for £12 lo compré por 12 libraswhat can I do for you? ¿qué puedo hacer por ti?3. desde hace4. durante5. de"T" for Tony "T" de Tonywhat's the word for "cheese" in Spanish? ¿cómo se dice "cheese" en español?6. a favor deare you for the plan, or against it? ¿estás a favor del plan, o en contra?tr[fɔːSMALLr/SMALL]1 (intended) para■ there's a phone call for Mr. Smith hay una llamada para el Sr. Smith2 (purpose) para■ what's this for? ¿para qué sirve esto?■ shall we meet for lunch? ¿quedamos para comer?3 (destination) para■ where do I catch the train for Newcastle? ¿dónde se coge el tren para Newcastle?4 (in order to help, on behalf of) por5 (because of, on account of) por, a causa de■ a meeting has been called for 10.00 se ha convocado una reunión para las 10.00■ I've lived here for 5 years hace 5 años que vivo aquí, vivo aquí desde hace 5 años■ it's the first accident here for a long time es el primer accidente que ocurre aquí desde hace mucho tiempo8 (in exchange, as replacement of) por■ I got it for £500 lo conseguí por 500 libras■ the record went for $50 el disco se vendió por 50 dólares9 (in favour of, in support of) por, a favor de■ who did you vote for? ¿a quién votaste?■ are you for or against the new laws? ¿estás a favor o en contra de las nuevas leyes?10 (despite) a pesar de, para; (considering, contrast) para■ I still love him, for all his faults lo quiero, a pesar de todos sus defectos11 (as) de, como, por■ what do they use for fuel? ¿qué utilizan de combustible?12 (in order to obtain) para■ for further details... para más información....13 (representing) por; (meaning) de■ I can't go to the meeting - will you go for me? no puedo asistir a la reunión - ¿quieres ir en mi lugar?■ what's the Spanish for "pool"? ¿cómo se dice "pool" en castellano?14 (as regards, concerning) por, en cuanto a■ for my part, he can do as he likes por mí, que haga lo que quiera■ as for him, who cares? en cuanto a él, ¿a quién le importa?■ luckily for us, it didn't rain afortunadamente para nosotros, no llovió15 (as part of, as being) por, para■ do you know that for a fact? ¿lo sabes a ciencia cierta?■ what do you want for dinner? ¿qué quieres para comer?1 para16 formal use literal ya que, puesto que\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLas for me por mi parte, en cuanto a mífor all I know que yo sepafor all that a pesar de todo, con todofor good para siemprefor the first time por primera vezfor the last time por última vezoh for...! ¡ojalá tuviera...!■ oh for a star to guide my way! ¡ojalá tuviera una estrella que me guiara los pasos!there's nothing for it but... no hay más remedio que...to be for it cargárselafor ['fɔr] conj: puesto que, porquefor prepclothes for children: ropa para niñosit's time for dinner: es la hora de comer2) because of: porfor fear of: por miedo dea gift for you: un regalo para tihe fought for his country: luchó por su patriaa cure for cancer: una cura para el cáncerfor your own good: por tu propio bienI bought it for $5: lo compré por $5a lot of trouble for nothing: mucha molestia para nada7) as for: para, con respecto ahe's going for two years: se va por dos añosI spoke for ten minutes: hablé (durante) diez minutosshe has known it for three months: lo sabe desde hace tres mesesconj.• para conj.• pues conj.• ya que conj.n.• por s.m.prep.• a causa de prep.• como prep.• de prep.• durante prep.• en honor de prep.• en lugar de prep.• para prep.• por prep.
I fɔːr, fɔː(r), weak form fər, fə(r)1) preposition2)a) ( intended for) parais there a letter for me? — ¿hay carta para mí?
clothes for men/women — ropa de hombre/mujer
is it for sale? — ¿está en venta?, ¿se vende?
b) ( on behalf of) porhe plays for England — forma parte de or juega en la selección inglesa
c) ( in favor of) a favor de3) ( indicating purpose)what's that for? — ¿para qué es eso?, ¿eso para qué sirve?
it's for trimming hedges — es or sirve para recortar setos
to go out for a meal — salir* a comer fuera
to be for it — (colloq)
here comes Dad, we're for it now! — ahí viene papá ahora sí que estamos listos or (Col tb) hechos or (CS tb) fritos! (fam)
4)a) (as)we're having chicken for dinner — vamos a cenar pollo or hay pollo para cenar
what's for dessert? — ¿qué hay de postre?
b) ( representing)what's (the) German for ``ice cream''? — ¿cómo se dice ``helado'' en alemán?
c) ( instead of) porcould you call him for me? — ¿podrías llamarlo tú?, ¿me harías el favor de llamarlo?
5) ( giving reason) porif it weren't for Joe... — si no fuera por Joe...
for one thing it's too costly and for another we don't need it — para empezar es muy caro y además no lo necesitamos
6)a) ( in exchange for) porI bought the book for $10 — compré el libro por 10 dólares
b) ( indicating proportion) porfor every one we find, there are 20 that get away — por cada uno que encontramos, se nos escapan 20
7)a) ( as concerns) para8)a) ( in spite of)for all her faults, she's been very kind to us — tendrá sus defectos, pero con nosotros ha sido muy buena
is there time for us to have a cup of coffee? — ¿tenemos tiempo de tomar un café?
9) ( in exclamations)oh, for some peace and quiet — qué (no) daría yo por un poco de paz y tranquilidad!
10) ( in the direction of) parathe plane/bus for New York — el avión/autobús para or de Nueva York
11)a) ( indicating duration)I've only been here for a day — sólo llevo un día aquí, hace sólo un día que estoy aquí
how long are you going for? — ¿por cuánto tiempo vas?, ¿cuánto tiempo te vas a quedar?
b) ( on the occasion of) parac) (by, before) para12) ( indicating distance)
II
conjunction (liter) pues (liter), puesto que (frml), porque[fɔː(r)] When for is part of a phrasal verb, eg look for, make for, stand for, look up the verb. When it is part of a set combination, eg as for, a gift for, for sale, eager for, look up the other word.1. PREPOSITION1) (=going to) parathe train for London — el tren para or de Londres
2) (=intended for) parais this for me? — ¿es para mí esto?
3) (to express purpose) parawe went to Tossa for our holidays — fuimos a pasar las vacaciones a Tossa, fuimos a Tossa para las vacaciones
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what for? — ¿para qué?what's it for? — ¿para qué es or sirve?
what do you want it for? — ¿para qué lo quieres?
what did you do that for? — ¿por qué hiciste eso?
4) (employment) para5) (=on behalf of)"I can't iron this shirt" - "don't worry, I'll iron it for you" — -no puedo planchar esta camisa -no te preocupes, yo te la plancho
"I still haven't booked the ticket" - "I'll do it for you" — -no he reservado el billete todavía -ya lo haré yo
who is the representative for your group? — ¿quién es el representante de vuestro grupo?
6) (=as in) de7) (=in exchange for) porhe'll do it for £25 — lo hará por 25 libras
for every one who voted yes, 50 voted no — por cada persona que votó a favor, 50 votaron en contra
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to pay 50 pence for a ticket — pagar 50 peniques por una entradathe government will match each donation pound for pound — el gobierno igualará cada donativo, libra a libra
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I sold it for £5 — lo vendí por or en 5 libras8) (=to the value of)a cheque for £500 — un cheque or talón por valor de 500 libras
how much is the cheque for? — ¿por cuánto es el cheque?
a) (making comparisons) parahe's tall/mature for his age — es alto/maduro para su edad or para la edad que tiene
b) (specifying)it was too difficult for her — era demasiado difícil para ella, le era demasiado difícil
that's easy for you to say — para ti es fácil decirlo, a ti te es fácil decirlo
10) (=in favour of) a favor deanyone for a game of cards? — ¿alguien se apunta a una partida de cartas?
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are you for or against the idea? — ¿estás a favor o en contra de la idea?are you for or against us? — ¿estás con nosotros o en contra?
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I'm all for it — estoy completamente a favor•
the campaign for human rights — la campaña pro derechos humanos, la campaña en pro de los derechos humanos•
a collection for the poor — una colecta a beneficio de los pobres11) (=as, by way of)what's for dinner? — ¿qué hay para cenar?
12) (=because of) por•
for fear of being criticized — por miedo a la crítica, por temor a ser criticado13) (=in spite of) a pesar de•
for all his wealth — a pesar de su riquezafor all he promised to come, he didn't — a pesar de habérmelo prometido, no vino
a) (future/past duration)When translating for and a period of time, it is often unnecessary to translate for, as in the examples below where durante is optional:Alternatively, translate [for] using [durante], or, especially when talking about very short periods, [por]. Use [por] also with the verb [ir], although again it is often optional in this case:I'm going for three weeks — me voy tres semanas, estaré allí tres semanas
for a moment, he didn't know what to say — por un momento, no supo qué decir
Use hace... que and the present to describe actions and states that started in the past and are still going on. Alternatively use the present and desde hace. Another option is sometimes llevar and the gerund. Don't use the present perfect in Spanish to translate phrases like these, unless they are in the negative.he won't be back for a couple of hours/days — no regresará hasta dentro de un par de horas/días, tardará un par de horas/días en regresar
he has been learning French for two years — hace dos años que estudia francés, estudia francés desde hace dos años, lleva dos años estudiando francés
it has not rained for 3 weeks — hace 3 semanas que no llueve, no llueve or no ha llovido desde hace 3 semanas, lleva 3 semanas sin llover
I have known her for years — hace años que la conozco, la conozco desde hace años
Notice how the tenses change when talking about something that [had] happened or [had been] happening [for] a time:I haven't seen her for two years — hace dos años que no la veo, no la he visto desde hace dos años, no la veo desde hace dos años, llevo dos años sin verla
he had been learning French for two years — hacía dos años que estudiaba francés, estudiaba francés desde hacía dos años, llevaba dos años estudiando francés
I hadn't seen her for two years — hacía dos años que no la veía, no la había visto desde hacía dos años, no la veía desde hacía dos años, llevaba dos años sin verla
15) (=by, before) paracan you do it for tomorrow? — ¿lo puedes hacer para mañana?
when does he want it for? — ¿para cuándo lo quiere?
16) (=on the occasion of) parahe asked his daughter what she would like for her birthday — le preguntó a su hija qué le gustaría para su cumpleaños
17) (=for a distance of)you can see for miles from the top of the hill — desde lo alto de la colina se puede ver hasta muy lejos
for this to be possible... — para que esto sea posible...
it's not for me to tell him what to do — yo no soy quien para decirle or no me corresponde a mí decirle lo que tiene que hacer
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it's bad for you to smoke so much — te perjudica fumar tanto•
it's best for you to go — es mejor que te vayas•
there is still time for you to do it — todavía tienes tiempo para hacerlowhat's the German for "hill"? — ¿cómo se dice "colina" en alemán?
oh for a cup of tea! — ¡lo que daría por una taza de té!
exampleI'll be for it if he catches me here! * — ¡me la voy a cargar si me pilla aquí! *
2.CONJUNCTION liter pues, puesto queshe avoided him, for he was rude and uncouth — lo eludía puesto que or pues era grosero y ordinario
* * *
I [fɔːr, fɔː(r)], weak form [fər, fə(r)]1) preposition2)a) ( intended for) parais there a letter for me? — ¿hay carta para mí?
clothes for men/women — ropa de hombre/mujer
is it for sale? — ¿está en venta?, ¿se vende?
b) ( on behalf of) porhe plays for England — forma parte de or juega en la selección inglesa
c) ( in favor of) a favor de3) ( indicating purpose)what's that for? — ¿para qué es eso?, ¿eso para qué sirve?
it's for trimming hedges — es or sirve para recortar setos
to go out for a meal — salir* a comer fuera
to be for it — (colloq)
here comes Dad, we're for it now! — ahí viene papá ahora sí que estamos listos or (Col tb) hechos or (CS tb) fritos! (fam)
4)a) (as)we're having chicken for dinner — vamos a cenar pollo or hay pollo para cenar
what's for dessert? — ¿qué hay de postre?
b) ( representing)what's (the) German for ``ice cream''? — ¿cómo se dice ``helado'' en alemán?
c) ( instead of) porcould you call him for me? — ¿podrías llamarlo tú?, ¿me harías el favor de llamarlo?
5) ( giving reason) porif it weren't for Joe... — si no fuera por Joe...
for one thing it's too costly and for another we don't need it — para empezar es muy caro y además no lo necesitamos
6)a) ( in exchange for) porI bought the book for $10 — compré el libro por 10 dólares
b) ( indicating proportion) porfor every one we find, there are 20 that get away — por cada uno que encontramos, se nos escapan 20
7)a) ( as concerns) para8)a) ( in spite of)for all her faults, she's been very kind to us — tendrá sus defectos, pero con nosotros ha sido muy buena
is there time for us to have a cup of coffee? — ¿tenemos tiempo de tomar un café?
9) ( in exclamations)oh, for some peace and quiet — qué (no) daría yo por un poco de paz y tranquilidad!
10) ( in the direction of) parathe plane/bus for New York — el avión/autobús para or de Nueva York
11)a) ( indicating duration)I've only been here for a day — sólo llevo un día aquí, hace sólo un día que estoy aquí
how long are you going for? — ¿por cuánto tiempo vas?, ¿cuánto tiempo te vas a quedar?
b) ( on the occasion of) parac) (by, before) para12) ( indicating distance)
II
conjunction (liter) pues (liter), puesto que (frml), porque -
118 have
(to have or keep (something) in case or until it is needed: If you go to America please keep some money in reserve for your fare home.) tener algo de reserva, guardar algohave vb1. tenerdo you have a video? ¿tienes vídeo?2. tomar3. haberhave you read Don Quixote? ¿has leído Don Quijote?have you had your hair cut? ¿te has cortado el pelo?Esta construcción se emplea cuando no eres tú quien hace algo, sino que pagas a alguien para que te lo hagato have lunch almorzar / comerto have a swim bañarse / nadartr[hæv]1 (posess) tener, poseer■ will you have a brandy? ¿quieres tomar un coñac?■ to have breakfast/lunch/tea/dinner desayunar/comer/merendar/cenar3 (cigarette) fumar■ how many cigarettes have you had today? ¿cuántos cigarros has fumado hoy?4 (shower, bath, etc) tomar■ when she got home she had a shower cuando llegó a casa se dio una ducha, cuando llegó a casa se duchó■ have you had a wash and a shave? ¿te has lavado y afeitado?5 (treatment) recibir6 (illness) tener7 (experience) tener■ I had a scare tuve un susto, me asusté■ have a good time! ¡divertíos!, ¡pasadlo bien!8 (receive, invite) recibir, invitar9 (borrow) pedir prestado, dejar■ can I have your book for a second, please? ¿me dejas tu libro un segundo, por favor?■ are you going to have a party for your birthday? ¿vas a hacer una fiesta para tu cumpleaños?11 (according to) según■ rumour has it that... corre el rumor de que...12 (baby) tener, dar a luz13 (cause to happen) hacer, mandar14 (allow) permitir, consentir■ if you paid £200 pounds for that you were had si has pagado doscientas libras por eso te han timado1 haber\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLhad better más vale quehave got SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL tenerto have done with acabar conto have had it (broken) estar hecho,-a polvo, estar fastidiado,-a 2 (in trouble) haberlo,-a cagado,-a 3 (finished) estar acabado,-a■ this radio's had it, I'll have to get a new one esta radio está en las últimas, tendré que comprar una nueva■ your dad's seen you, you've had it now! te ha visto tu padre, ¡la has cagado!■ if this scandal gets out he's had it as an MP si la gente se entera de este escándalo, se han acabado sus días de diputadoto have it away / have it off taboo echar un polvoto have it in for somebody tenerla tomada con alguiento have it out with somebody ajustar las cuentas con alguiento have it over and done with acabar algo de una vez y para siempreto have just acabar deto have somebody over to one's house / have somebody round to one's house invitar a alguien a casato have somebody up for something SMALLLAW/SMALL llevar a alguien ante los tribunales por algo, procesar a alguien por algoto have something on tener algo planeado, tener algo que hacerto have something on somebody tener información comprometedora sobre alguien, saber algo comprometedor acerca de alguiento have to tener que, haber deto have to do with tener que ver conhave ['hæv,] in sense 3 as an auxiliary verb usu ['hæf] v, had ['hæd] ; having ; has ['hæz,] in sense 3 as an auxiliary verb usu ['hæs] vt1) possess: tenerdo you have change?: ¿tienes cambio?2) experience, undergo: tener, experimentar, sufrirI have a toothache: tengo un dolor de muelas3) include: tener, incluirApril has 30 days: abril tiene 30 días4) consume: comer, tomar5) receive: tener, recibirhe had my permission: tenía mi permiso6) allow: permitir, dejarI won't have it!: ¡no lo permitiré!7) hold: hacerto have a party: dar una fiestato have a meeting: convocar una reunión8) hold: tenerhe had me in his power: me tenía en su poder9) bear: tener (niños)she had a dress made: mandó hacer un vestidoto have one's hair cut: cortarse el pelohave v aux1) : habershe has been very busy: ha estado muy ocupadaI've lived here three years: hace tres años que vivo aquíyou've finished, haven't you?: ha terminado, ¿no?3)to have to : deber, tener quewe have to leave: tenemos que salirexpr.• merecer v.expr.• tener algo en mente expr.v.(§ p.,p.p.: had) = contener v.(§pres: -tengo, -tienes...-tenemos) pret: -tuv-fut/c: -tendr-•)• poseer v.• tener v.(§pres: tengo, tienes...tenemos) pret: tuv-fut/c: tendr-•)v.• haber v.(§pres: he, has...) subj: hay-pret: hub-fut/c: habr-•)hæv, weak forms həv, əv
1.
2) ( possess) tener*I have o (esp BrE) I've got two cats — tengo dos gatos
I don't have o (esp BrE) haven't got any money — no tengo dinero
do you have a car? - no, I don't o (esp BrE) have you got a car? - no, I haven't — ¿tienes coche? - no (, no tengo)
3) (hold, have at one's disposal) tener*look out, he's got a gun! — cuidado! tiene una pistola or está armado!
how much money do you have o (esp BrE) have you got on you? — ¿cuánto dinero tienes or llevas encima?
can I have a sheet of paper? — ¿me das una hoja de papel?
may I have your name? — ¿me dice su nombre?
could I have your Sales Department, please? — ( on phone) ¿me comunica or (Esp tb) me pone or (CS tb) me da con el departamento de ventas, por favor?
I have it!, I've got it! — ya lo tengo!, ya está, ya está!
all right: have it your own way! — está bien! haz lo que quieras!
what have we here? — ¿y esto?
to have something to + inf — tener* algo que + inf
4)a) ( receive) \<\<letter/news\>\> tener*, recibircould we have some silence, please? — (hagan) silencio, por favor
we have it on the best authority that... — sabemos de buena fuente que...
rumoradition has it that... — corre el rumor de que.../según la tradición...
to have had it — (colloq)
I've had it — ( I'm in trouble) estoy frito (AmL), me la he cargado (Esp fam); ( I've lost my chance) la he fastidiado (fam)
I've had it up to here with your complaining — estoy hasta la coronilla or hasta las narices de tus quejas (fam)
to have it in for somebody — (colloq) tenerle* manía or tirria a alguien (fam)
to let somebody have it — (sl) ( attack - physically) darle* su merecido a alguien; (- verbally) cantarle las cuarenta a alguien (fam), poner* a alguien verde (Esp fam)
b) ( obtain) conseguir*they were the best/only seats to be had — eran los mejores/únicos asientos que había
I'll have a kilo of tomatoes, please — ¿me da or (Esp) me pone un kilo de tomates, por favor?
5) ( consume) \<\<steak/spaghetti\>\> comer, tomar (Esp); \<\<champagne/beer\>\> tomarto have something to eat/drink — comer/beber algo
to have breakfast/dinner — desayunar/cenar, comer (AmL)
to have lunch — almorzar* or (esp Esp, Méx) comer
what are we having for dinner? — ¿qué hay de cena?
we had too much to drink — bebimos or (AmL tb) tomamos demasiado
6)a) (experience, undergo) \<\<accident\>\> tener*did you have good weather? — ¿te (or les etc) hizo buen tiempo?
have a nice day! — adiós! que le (or te etc) vaya bien!
I had an injection — me pusieron or me dieron una inyección
he had a heart transplant/an X ray — le hicieron un trasplante de corazón/una radiografía
she had a heart attack — le dio un ataque al corazón or un infarto
b) ( organize) \<\<party\>\> hacer*, dar*c) ( suffer from) \<\<cancer/diabetes/flu\>\> tener*to have a cold — estar* resfriado
he's got a headache/sore throat — le duele la cabeza/la garganta, tiene dolor de cabeza/garganta
7) ( look after) tener*8) ( give birth to) \<\<baby\>\> tener*9) (colloq)a) (catch, get the better of)they almost had him, but he managed to escape — casi lo agarran or atrapan, pero logró escaparse
you've been had! — te han timado or engañado!
10) (causative use)we'll have it clean in no time — enseguida lo limpiamos or lo dejamos limpio
he had them all laughing/in tears — los hizo reír/llorar a todos
to have somebody + INF: I'll have her call you back as soon as she arrives le diré or pediré que lo llame en cuanto llegue; I'll have you know, young man, that I... para que sepa, jovencito, yo...; to have something + PAST P: we had it repaired lo hicimos arreglar, lo mandamos (a) arreglar (AmL); to have one's hair cut — cortarse el pelo
to have something + INF/+ PAST P: I've had three lambs die this week se me han muerto tres corderos esta semana; he had his bicycle stolen — le robaron la bicicleta
12)a) ( allow) (with neg) tolerar, consentir*I won't have it! — no lo consentiré or toleraré!
b) (accept, believe) aceptar, creer*she wouldn't have it — no lo quiso aceptar or creer
13) (indicating state, position) tener*you have o (BrE) you've got your belt twisted — tienes el cinturón torcido
2.
1) v aux2) (used to form perfect tenses) haber*I have/had seen her — la he/había visto
I have/had just seen her — la acabo/acababa de ver, recién la vi/la había visto (AmL)
have you been waiting long? — ¿hace mucho que esperas?, ¿llevas mucho rato esperando?
had I known that o if I'd known that... — si hubiera sabido que..., de haber sabido que...
when he had finished, she... — cuando terminó or (liter) cuando hubo terminado, ella...
3)a) ( in tags)you've been told, haven't you? — te lo han dicho ¿no? or ¿no es cierto? or ¿no es verdad?
you haven't lost the key, have you? — no habrás perdido la llave...!
b) ( elliptical use)you may have forgiven him, but I haven't — puede que tú lo hayas perdonado, pero yo no
the clock has stopped - so it has! — el reloj se ha parado - es verdad! or es cierto!
you've forgotten something - have I? — te has olvidado de algo - ¿sí?
I've told her - you haven't! — se lo he dicho - no! ¿en serio?
4) ( expressing obligation)to have to + inf — tener* que + inf
I have o I've got to admit that... — tengo que reconocer que...
you don't have to be an expert to realize that — no hay que or no se necesita ser un experto para darse cuenta de eso
5) ( expressing certainty)to have to + inf — tener* que + inf
you have to o you've got to be kidding! — lo dices en broma or en chiste!
•Phrasal Verbs:- have in- have off- have on- have out- have up[hæv] ( 3rd pers sing present has) (pt, pp had) When have is part of a set combination, eg have a look, have a good time, have breakfast, had better, look up the other word. For have + adverb/preposition combinations, see also the phrasal verb section of this entry.1. TRANSITIVE VERB1) (=possess) tenerhe's got or he has blue eyes — tiene los ojos azules
have you got or do you have 10p? — ¿tienes diez peniques?
have you got or do you have any brothers or sisters? — ¿tienes hermanos?
he hasn't got or he doesn't have any friends — no tiene amigos
I've got or I have a friend staying next week — tengo a un amigo en casa la semana que viene
Don't translate the [a] in sentences like [has he got a girlfriend?], [I haven't got a washing-machine] if the number of such items is not significant since people normally only have one at a time:I've got or I have an idea — tengo una idea
Do translate the [a] if the person or thing is qualified:has he got a girlfriend? — ¿tiene novia?
•
all or everything I have is yours — todo lo que tengo es tuyoyou must give it all or everything you have — tienes que emplearte a fondo
you must put all or everything you have into it — tienes que emplearte a fondo
•
can I have a pencil please? — ¿me puedes dar un lápiz, por favor?•
the book has no name on it — el libro no lleva or tiene el nombre del dueñoI've got or I have no Spanish — no sé español
•
to have something to do — tener algo que hacerI've got or I have nothing to do — no tengo nada que hacer
haven't you got anything to do? — ¿no tienes nada que hacer?
handy, ready 1., 1), a)•
hello, what have we here? — vaya, vaya, ¿qué tenemos aquí?2) (=eat, drink) tomar•
what are we having for lunch? — ¿que vamos a comer?•
to have something to eat/drink — comer/beber algo, tomar algo•
what will you have? — ¿qué quieres tomar?, ¿qué vas a tomar?will you have some more? — ¿te sirvo más?
3) (=receive) recibir•
you can have my ticket — puedes quedarte con mi billete•
we had some help from the government — recibimos ayuda del gobierno•
I had a letter from John — tuve carta de Juan, recibí una carta de Juan•
I must have them by this afternoon — necesito tenerlos para esta tarde•
we had a lot of visitors — (at home) tuvimos muchas visitas; (at exhibition etc) tuvimos muchos visitantes4) (=obtain)they can be had for as little as £10 each — pueden conseguirse por tan solo 10 libras
there was no bread to be had — no quedaba pan en ningún sitio, no podía conseguirse pan en ningún sitio
5) (=take)I'll have a dozen eggs, please — ¿me pones una docena de huevos, por favor?
which one will you have? — ¿cuál quiere?
can I have your name please? — ¿me da su nombre, por favor?
•
you can have it or I'll let you have it for £10 — te lo dejo en 10 libras, te lo puedes llevar por 10 libras, te lo vendo por 10 libras6) (=give birth to) [+ baby, kittens] tenerwhat did she have? — ¿qué ha tenido?
7) (=hold, catch) tener•
he had him by the throat — lo tenía agarrado por la garganta•
I have it on good authority that... — me consta que..., sé a ciencia cierta que..., sé de buena tinta que... *I've got it! — ¡ya!
•
you have me there, there you have me — ahí sí que me has pillado *8) (=allow) consentir, tolerar•
we can't have that — eso no se puede consentir•
I won't have this nonsense — no voy a consentir or tolerar estas tonteríasI won't have it! — no lo voy a consentir or tolerar
she won't have it said that... — no consiente or tolera que digan que...
I won't have him risking his neck on that motorbike — no voy a consentir que se juegue el cuello en esa moto
9) (=spend) pasarto have a pleasant afternoon/evening — pasar una tarde agradable
have a nice day! — ¡que pases un buen día!
what sort of day have you had? — ¿qué tal día has tenido?
10) (on telephone)can I have Personnel please? — ¿me puede poner con Personal, por favor?
11) * (=have sex with) acostarse con12) (=make)to have sth done hacer que se haga algo, mandar hacer algo to have sb do sth mandar a algn hacer algohe had me do it again — me hizo hacerlo otra vez, me hizo que lo hiciese otra vez
what would you have me do? — † ¿qué quiere que haga?
to have sth happen to have sb doing sthI'll have you know that... — quiero que sepas que...
to have sth against sb/sth tener algo en contra de algn/algo to have had itshe soon had them all reading and writing — (=organized them) enseguida los puso a leer y a escribir; (=taught them) enseguida les habían enseñado a leer y a escribir
you've had it now! he knows all about it * — ¡ahora sí que te la has cargado! se ha enterado de todo
to have it thatI've had it up to here with his nonsense * — estoy hasta la coronilla or hasta el moño de sus tonterías *
to be hadrumour has it that... — corre la voz de que...
to have to do with tener que ver conyou've been had! * — ¡te han engañado!
to let sb have sth (=give) dar algo a algn; (=lend) dejar algo a algn, prestar algo a algnthat's got or that has nothing to do with it! — ¡eso no tiene nada que ver!
what have youlet him have it! * — ¡dale!
would have it... and what have you —... y qué sé yo qué más
luckas ill-luck or fate would have it — desgraciadamente
2. AUXILIARY VERB1) haberhas he gone? — ¿se ha ido?
hasn't he told you? — ¿no te lo ha dicho?
had you phoned me frm or if you had phoned me I would have come round — si me hubieras llamado habría venido
never having seen it before, I... — como no lo había visto antes,...
just I, 1., 3)having finished or when he had finished, he left — cuando terminó or cuando hubo terminado, se fue
See:SINCE in sincea)"he's already eaten" - "so have I" — -él ya ha comido -yo también
"we haven't had any news yet" - "neither have we" — -no hemos tenido noticias todavía -nosotros tampoco
"you've made a mistake" - "no I haven't!" — -has cometido un error -no es verdad or cierto
"we haven't paid" - "yes we have!" — -no hemos pagado -¡qué sí!
"he's got a new job" - "oh has he?" — -tiene un trabajo nuevo -¿ah, sí?
"you've written it twice" - "so I have!" — -lo has escrito dos veces -es verdad or cierto
"have you read the book?" - "yes, I have" — -¿has leído el libro? -sí
"has he told you?" - "no, he hasn't" — -¿te lo ha dicho? -no
he hasn't done it, has he? — no lo ha hecho, ¿verdad?
you've done it, haven't you? — lo has hecho, ¿verdad? or ¿no?
you've all been there before, but I haven't — vosotros habéis estado allí antes, pero yo no
he has never met her, but I have — él no la ha llegado a conocer, pero yo sí
have you ever been there? if you have... — ¿has estado alguna vez allí? si es así...
so I, 1., norhave you tried it? if you haven't... — ¿lo has probado? (porque) si no...
3.MODAL VERB (=be obliged)I've got to or I have to finish this work — tengo que terminar este trabajo
have we got to or do we have to leave early? — ¿tenemos que salir temprano?
I haven't got to or I don't have to wear glasses — no necesito (usar) gafas
do you have to make such a noise? — ¿tienes que hacer tanto ruido?
you didn't have to tell her! — ¡no tenías por qué decírselo!
does it have to be ironed? — ¿hay que plancharlo?
- have in- have off- have on- have out- have up* * *[hæv], weak forms [həv, əv]
1.
2) ( possess) tener*I have o (esp BrE) I've got two cats — tengo dos gatos
I don't have o (esp BrE) haven't got any money — no tengo dinero
do you have a car? - no, I don't o (esp BrE) have you got a car? - no, I haven't — ¿tienes coche? - no (, no tengo)
3) (hold, have at one's disposal) tener*look out, he's got a gun! — cuidado! tiene una pistola or está armado!
how much money do you have o (esp BrE) have you got on you? — ¿cuánto dinero tienes or llevas encima?
can I have a sheet of paper? — ¿me das una hoja de papel?
may I have your name? — ¿me dice su nombre?
could I have your Sales Department, please? — ( on phone) ¿me comunica or (Esp tb) me pone or (CS tb) me da con el departamento de ventas, por favor?
I have it!, I've got it! — ya lo tengo!, ya está, ya está!
all right: have it your own way! — está bien! haz lo que quieras!
what have we here? — ¿y esto?
to have something to + inf — tener* algo que + inf
4)a) ( receive) \<\<letter/news\>\> tener*, recibircould we have some silence, please? — (hagan) silencio, por favor
we have it on the best authority that... — sabemos de buena fuente que...
rumor/tradition has it that... — corre el rumor de que.../según la tradición...
to have had it — (colloq)
I've had it — ( I'm in trouble) estoy frito (AmL), me la he cargado (Esp fam); ( I've lost my chance) la he fastidiado (fam)
I've had it up to here with your complaining — estoy hasta la coronilla or hasta las narices de tus quejas (fam)
to have it in for somebody — (colloq) tenerle* manía or tirria a alguien (fam)
to let somebody have it — (sl) ( attack - physically) darle* su merecido a alguien; (- verbally) cantarle las cuarenta a alguien (fam), poner* a alguien verde (Esp fam)
b) ( obtain) conseguir*they were the best/only seats to be had — eran los mejores/únicos asientos que había
I'll have a kilo of tomatoes, please — ¿me da or (Esp) me pone un kilo de tomates, por favor?
5) ( consume) \<\<steak/spaghetti\>\> comer, tomar (Esp); \<\<champagne/beer\>\> tomarto have something to eat/drink — comer/beber algo
to have breakfast/dinner — desayunar/cenar, comer (AmL)
to have lunch — almorzar* or (esp Esp, Méx) comer
what are we having for dinner? — ¿qué hay de cena?
we had too much to drink — bebimos or (AmL tb) tomamos demasiado
6)a) (experience, undergo) \<\<accident\>\> tener*did you have good weather? — ¿te (or les etc) hizo buen tiempo?
have a nice day! — adiós! que le (or te etc) vaya bien!
I had an injection — me pusieron or me dieron una inyección
he had a heart transplant/an X ray — le hicieron un trasplante de corazón/una radiografía
she had a heart attack — le dio un ataque al corazón or un infarto
b) ( organize) \<\<party\>\> hacer*, dar*c) ( suffer from) \<\<cancer/diabetes/flu\>\> tener*to have a cold — estar* resfriado
he's got a headache/sore throat — le duele la cabeza/la garganta, tiene dolor de cabeza/garganta
7) ( look after) tener*8) ( give birth to) \<\<baby\>\> tener*9) (colloq)a) (catch, get the better of)they almost had him, but he managed to escape — casi lo agarran or atrapan, pero logró escaparse
you've been had! — te han timado or engañado!
10) (causative use)we'll have it clean in no time — enseguida lo limpiamos or lo dejamos limpio
he had them all laughing/in tears — los hizo reír/llorar a todos
to have somebody + INF: I'll have her call you back as soon as she arrives le diré or pediré que lo llame en cuanto llegue; I'll have you know, young man, that I... para que sepa, jovencito, yo...; to have something + PAST P: we had it repaired lo hicimos arreglar, lo mandamos (a) arreglar (AmL); to have one's hair cut — cortarse el pelo
to have something + INF/+ PAST P: I've had three lambs die this week se me han muerto tres corderos esta semana; he had his bicycle stolen — le robaron la bicicleta
12)a) ( allow) (with neg) tolerar, consentir*I won't have it! — no lo consentiré or toleraré!
b) (accept, believe) aceptar, creer*she wouldn't have it — no lo quiso aceptar or creer
13) (indicating state, position) tener*you have o (BrE) you've got your belt twisted — tienes el cinturón torcido
2.
1) v aux2) (used to form perfect tenses) haber*I have/had seen her — la he/había visto
I have/had just seen her — la acabo/acababa de ver, recién la vi/la había visto (AmL)
have you been waiting long? — ¿hace mucho que esperas?, ¿llevas mucho rato esperando?
had I known that o if I'd known that... — si hubiera sabido que..., de haber sabido que...
when he had finished, she... — cuando terminó or (liter) cuando hubo terminado, ella...
3)a) ( in tags)you've been told, haven't you? — te lo han dicho ¿no? or ¿no es cierto? or ¿no es verdad?
you haven't lost the key, have you? — no habrás perdido la llave...!
b) ( elliptical use)you may have forgiven him, but I haven't — puede que tú lo hayas perdonado, pero yo no
the clock has stopped - so it has! — el reloj se ha parado - es verdad! or es cierto!
you've forgotten something - have I? — te has olvidado de algo - ¿sí?
I've told her - you haven't! — se lo he dicho - no! ¿en serio?
4) ( expressing obligation)to have to + inf — tener* que + inf
I have o I've got to admit that... — tengo que reconocer que...
you don't have to be an expert to realize that — no hay que or no se necesita ser un experto para darse cuenta de eso
5) ( expressing certainty)to have to + inf — tener* que + inf
you have to o you've got to be kidding! — lo dices en broma or en chiste!
•Phrasal Verbs:- have in- have off- have on- have out- have up -
119 Liegen
1. Sache: lie; die Flaschen müssen liegen the bottles have to lie flat; der Boden lag voller Zeitungen the floor was strewn with newspapers; der Schnee lag meterhoch the snow was piled up to a height of several met|res (Am. -ers); es lag viel Schnee there was a lot of snow (on the ground); liegt mein Haar richtig? is my hair all right?; der Griff liegt gut in der Hand the grip sits nicely in your hand2. Person: lie; im Gras / auf dem Bett liegen lie in the grass / on the bed; liegen bleiben (nicht aufstehen) not get up; im Bett: auch stay in bed; Boxen: stay down; er blieb verletzt liegen he was unable to get up because he was injured3. Kranker: be in bed; weitS. (krank sein) be laid up; liegen müssen Kranker: have to stay in bed; flach: have to lie flat; er hat drei Wochen gelegen he was in bed ( oder was laid up) for three weeks4. (gelegen sein) Stadt etc.: lie, be (situated); Gebäude: be (situated oder located); das Dorf liegt hoch über dem Tal the village is (situated) high above the valley; liegen nach Haus: face; Zimmer: auch look out on, overlook5. NAUT., Schiff: lie; im Hafen liegt seit gestern eine Segelyacht there’s been a yacht in (the) harbo(u)r since yesterday6. fig.: da liegt der Fehler that’s where the trouble lies; wie die Sache jetzt liegt as matters (now) stand, as things are at the moment; es liegt hinter uns it’s behind us; da liegt noch einiges vor uns we’ve got quite a lot coming up; in ihrer Stimme lag leise Ironie there was a hint of irony in her voice; das lag nicht in meiner Absicht that was not my intention; die Schwierigkeit liegt darin, dass... the problem is that...7. liegen bleiben Sachen: be left ( auf + Dat on); Schnee: settle; (vergessen werden) be left (behind); auch fig. be forgotten; fig. Arbeit: be left unfinished; WIRTS., Waren: be left unsold; umg. be left on the shelf; mit dem Auto: unterwegs liegen bleiben have a breakdown on the way; das kann liegen bleiben fig. that can wait; liegen geblieben (vergessen) forgotten; Auto etc.: stranded; (aufgegeben) abandoned; liegen gebliebene Bücher etc. books etc. left behind8. liegen lassen (vergessen) leave behind, forget; (in Ruhe lassen) leave alone; (Arbeit) leave (unfinished); die Arbeit liegen lassen (unterbrechen) stop work; plötzlich: drop everything; Fabrikarbeiter: down tools, Am. walk out; alles liegen lassen (nicht aufräumen) leave everything lying around, not clean up; lass es liegen! don’t touch it!; links I9. (gemäß sein) das liegt mir nicht it’s not my thing; er liegt mir überhaupt nicht he’s not my type of person; als Mann: he’s not my type; nichts liegt mir ferner nothing could be further from my mind10. mit Präp.: liegen an (+ Dat) be near; an einer Straße, einem Fluss: be on; (dicht an) be next to; fig., Ursache: be because of; an der Spitze etc. liegen be in front etc.; es liegt an dir Schuld: it’s your fault; etw. zu tun: it’s up to you; an mir solls nicht liegen I’ll certainly do my best; (ich werde dir nicht im Weg stehen) I won’t stand in the way; an mir solls nicht liegen, wenn die Sache schief geht it won’t be my fault ( oder through any fault of mine) if it goes wrong; es liegt daran, dass... it’s because...; es liegt mir daran zu (+ Inf.) I’m keen (Am. eager) to (+ Inf.) es liegt mir sehr viel daran it means a lot to me; es liegt mir viel an ihr she means a lot to me; mir liegt viel an deiner Mitarbeit your cooperation is very important to me; es liegt mir nichts daran it doesn’t mean much to me; es liegt mir nichts daran zu gewinnen it doesn’t make any difference to me whether I win or not11. mit Präp.: liegen auf (+ Akk) lie on; Akzent: be on; der Wagen liegt gut ( auf der Straße) the car holds (the road) well; es liegt Nebel auf den Feldern mist is hanging over the fields; Hand1 3, Seele112. mit Präp.: der Gewinn liegt bei fünf Millionen there is a profit of five million; die Temperaturen liegen bei 30 Grad temperatures are ( im Wetterbericht: will be) around 30 degrees (centigrade); die Entscheidung liegt bei dir it’s your decision, it’s up to you; Blut 1, Magen etc.* * *to recline; to be situated; to lie; to be* * *lie|gen* * *1) (to be in or take a more or less flat position: She went into the bedroom and lay on the bed; The book was lying in the hall.) lie2) (to be situated; to be in a particular place etc: The farm lay three miles from the sea; His interest lies in farming.) lie3) ((with with) (of a duty etc) to belong to: The choice rests with you.) rest4) (to lie or rest; to have a certain position: The parcel is sitting on the table.) sit5) (to be in a particular state, condition or situation: As matters stand, we can do nothing to help; How do you stand financially?) stand* * *lie·gen< lag, gelegen>[ˈli:gn̩]1. (sich in horizontaler Lage befinden) to lieich liege noch im Bett I'm still [lying] in bedwährend der Krankheit musste sie \liegen while she was ill she had to lie down all the timeWeinflaschen müssen \liegen wine bottles should lie flathast du irgendwo meine Schlüssel \liegen gesehen? have you seen my keys lying [around] anywhere?deine Brille müsste eigentlich auf dem Schreibtisch \liegen your glasses should be [lying] on the deskHerzkranke müssen hoch/höher \liegen people with heart problems should lie with their heads raiseddas Flugzeug lag ganz ruhig in der Luft the plane was flying quite smoothlyder Wagen liegt gut auf der Straße the car holds the road wellauf dieser Matratze liegt man weich/weicher this mattress is soft/softer for lying onin diesem Bett liegt es sich hart/weich this bed is hard/softkrank im Bett \liegen to be ill in bedim Krankenhaus/auf Station 2 \liegen to be in hospital/in ward 2unbequem \liegen to lie uncomfortably [or in an uncomfortable position]bleib \liegen! don't get up!, stay down!sie blieb bewusstlos auf dem Boden \liegen she lay unconscious on the floor; s.a. Knie, links, stehen2. (sich befinden) to be [lying]ein Lächeln lag auf seinem Gesicht there was a smile on his facedie Stadt lag in dichtem Nebel the town was enveloped in thick fog, thick fog hung [or lay] over the towndie Betonung liegt auf der zweiten Silbe the stress is on the second syllableich habe noch einen guten Wein im Keller \liegen I have a good wine in the cellaretw liegt [nicht] in jds Absicht sth is [not] sb's intentiones liegt nicht in meiner Absicht, das zu tun it is not my intention to do thatetw liegt nicht in jds Hand/Macht sth is out of sb's hands/not within sb's powerdas liegt leider nicht in meiner Hand/Macht unfortunately that is out of my hands/not within my powerverstreut \liegen to be [or lie] scattered[irgendwo] \liegen bleiben (nicht weggenommen werden) to be left [somewhere]Hände weg, das Buch bleibt [da] \liegen! hands off, the book's going nowhere!etw \liegen lassen (zurücklassen) to leave sth [there]; (verstreut) to leave sth lying about [or around]er ließ die Briefe auf dem Tisch liegen he left the letters [lying] on the deskder Schnee lag 1 Meter hoch the snow was 1 metre deepes liegt Schnee auf den Bergen there is snow [lying] on the hillshier in den Bergen liegt oft bis Mitte April noch Schnee here in the mountains the snow often lies on the ground until mid-Aprilauf den Autos liegt weißer Reif there is a white [covering of] frost on the carsbei euch liegt aber viel Staub it's very dusty [in] hereüber allen Möbeln lag eine dicke Staubschicht there was a thick layer of dust over all the furniture4. (vergessen werden)irgendwo \liegen bleiben to be [or get] left behind somewheremein Hut muss in dem Restaurant \liegen geblieben sein I must have left my hat in the restaurantetw \liegen lassen to leave sth behindverflixt, ich muss meinen Schirm in der U-Bahn \liegen gelassen haben! damn, I must have left my umbrella [behind] on the underground!5. (nicht erledigt werden)\liegen bleiben to be left [undone], not to get donediese Briefe können bis morgen \liegen bleiben these letters can wait until tomorrowetw \liegen lassen to leave sth [undone]6. ÖKON\liegen bleiben (nicht verkauft werden) to remain unsold, not to sellwenn uns diese Waren \liegen bleiben... if we are left with these things [on our hands]...ihr Haus liegt an einem romantischen See their house is situated by a romantic lakedas liegt auf dem Weg/ganz in der Nähe it's on the way/quite nearbyeine bildhübsch/ruhig/verkehrsgünstig gelegene Villa a villa in a picturesque/quiet/easily accessible locationein einsam gelegener Bauernhof an isolated farmetw links/rechts \liegen lassen to leave sth on one's left/rightnach Norden/zum Garten/zur Straße \liegen to face north/the garden/the roaddiese Wohnung liegt nach vorn zur Straße [hinaus] this flat faces [out onto] the streetdas Fenster liegt zum Garten the window faces the gardenverkehrsgünstig \liegen Stadt to have good communications8. (begraben sein)▪ irgendwo \liegen to be [or lie] buried somewhere▪ irgendwo \liegen to be [moored] somewhereein paar Fischerboote lagen am Kai a couple of fishing boots were moored to the quay10. MILvor Paris \liegen to be stationed outside Parisirgendwo [in Quartier] \liegen to be quartered somewhere\liegen bleiben to break down [or have a breakdown], to conk out fam12. (zeitlich) to bedas liegt noch vor mir/schon hinter mir I still have that to come/that's all behind me nowdie Stunden, die zwischen den Prüfungen lagen the hours between the examinationsdas liegt schon so lange zurück it is so long ago13. (in einem Wettbewerb)▪ irgendwo \liegen to be [or lie] somewherewie \liegen unsere Schwimmer eigentlich im Wettbewerb? how are our swimmers doing in the competition?die Mannschaft liegt jetzt auf dem zweiten Tabellenplatz the team is now second in the divisionin den Charts an erster Stelle \liegen to top the chartsin Führung/auf den hinteren Plätzen/an der Spitze \liegen to be in the lead/at the bottom/right out in front14. (gestylt sein)gut \liegen Haare to stay in place [well]richtig/nicht richtig \liegen to be/not be in the right place15. (bedeckt sein)der Tisch liegt voller Bücher the desk is covered with bookswie breit liegt dieser Seidenstoff? how wide is this silk material?der Stoff liegt quer/90 cm breit the material is on the cross/is 90 cm wide17. ÖKON▪ bei [o um] ... \liegen to cost...▪ zwischen... und... \liegen to cost between... and..., to be priced at between... and...der Preis dürfte [irgendwo] bei 4.500 Euro \liegen the price is likely to be [around] 4,500 eurosdamit \liegen Sie um 185.000 Euro höher that would put the price up by 185,000 eurosdamit \liegen Sie schnell bei 1,3 Millionen Euro Baukosten that would soon push the building costs up to 1.3 million euros18. (begründet sein)▪ an jdm/etw \liegen to be caused [or because of] by sb/sthworan liegt es? why is that?, what is the reason [for that]?es liegt daran, dass... it is because...ich weiß nicht, woran es liegt I don't know what the reason isworan mag es nur \liegen, dass mir immer alles misslingt? why is it that everything I do goes wrong?an mir soll es nicht \liegen! don't let me stop you!, I won't stand in your way!19. (wichtig sein)▪ jdm liegt etw an jdm/etw sb attaches a certain importance to sb/sthdu weißt doch, wie sehr mir daran liegt you know how important it is to mees liegt mir schon etwas an ihr I do care about her [a bit]ihm liegt [einiges] daran, respektiert zu werden it is of [some] importance to him to be respectedjdm ist etwas/nichts/viel an jdm/etw gelegen sb/sth means something/nothing/a lot to sban diesem uninteressanten Stellenangebot war mir nichts gelegen I didn't bother [even] considering this unappealing job offeres liegt jdm nichts/wenig an etw sth doesn't matter at all/much to sb, sth isn't at all/not very important to sbes liegt jdm viel an etw sth matters a lot to sb, sth is very important to sbes liegt ihm sehr viel an seiner Arbeit his job matters a lot to him▪ etw liegt jdm nicht (jd hat kein Talent) sb has no aptitude for sth; (es gefällt jdm nicht) sth doesn't appeal to sb; (jd mag es nicht) sb doesn't like [or care for] sthFranzösisch liegt ihm nicht he has no aptitude for Frenchkörperliche Arbeit liegt ihr weniger she's not really cut out for physical workPeter ist ganz nett, aber er liegt mir irgendwie nicht Peter's nice enough but not really my cup of tea21. (lasten)▪ auf jdm \liegen to weigh down [up]on sbauf ihr liegt eine große Verantwortung a heavy responsibility rests on her shouldersauf ihm scheint ein Fluch zu \liegen there seems to be a curse on himdie Schuld lag schwer auf ihm his guilt weighed heavily on him; s.a. Magen22. (abhängig sein)▪ bei jdm \liegen to be up to sbdas liegt ganz bei dir that is completely up to youdie Entscheidung liegt bei dir/beim Volk the decision rests with you/the peopledie Verantwortung liegt bei dir it's your responsibility23. (stehen, sich verhalten) to bedie Sache liegt ganz anders the situation is quite different; s.a. Ding* * *unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb1) lie; < person> be lying downwährend der Krankheit musste er liegen — while he was ill he had to lie down all the time
im Krankenhaus/auf Station 6 liegen — be in hospital/in ward 6
[krank] im Bett liegen — be [ill] in bed
[im Bett] liegen bleiben — stay in bed
bewusstlos/bewegungslos liegen bleiben — lie unconscious/motionless
2) (vorhanden sein) liees liegt Schnee auf den Bergen — there is snow [lying] on the hills
wie die Dinge liegen — as things are or stand [at the moment]
die Stadt liegt an der Küste — the town is or lies on the coast
etwas rechts/links liegen lassen — leave something on one's right/left
das Fenster liegt nach vorn/nach Süden/zum Garten — the window is at the front/faces south/faces the garden
es liegt nicht in meiner Absicht, das zu tun — it is not my intention to do that
das Essen lag mir schwer im Magen — the food/meal lay heavy on my stomach
4) (zeitlich) bedas liegt noch vor mir/schon hinter mir — I still have that to come/that's all behind me now
5)das liegt an ihm od. bei ihm — it is up to him; (ist seine Schuld) it is his fault
die Verantwortung/Schuld liegt bei ihm — it is his responsibility/fault
an mir soll es nicht liegen — I won't stand in your way; (ich werde mich beteiligen) I'm easy (coll.)
ich weiß nicht, woran es liegt — I don't know what the reason is
woran mag es nur liegen, dass...? — why ever is it that...?
6) (gemäß sein)es liegt mir nicht — it doesn't suit me; it isn't right for me; (es spricht mich nicht an) it doesn't appeal to me; (ich mag es nicht) I don't like it or care for it
es liegt ihm nicht, das zu tun — he does not like doing that; (so etwas tut er nicht) it is not his way to do that
7)daran liegt ihm viel/wenig/nichts — he sets great/little/no store by that; it means a lot/little/nothing to him
an ihm liegt mir schon etwas — I do care about him [a bit]
10)liegen bleiben — < things> stay, be left; (vergessen werden) be left behind; (nicht verkauft werden) remain unsold; (nicht erledigt werden) be left undone; (eine Panne haben) break down
etwas liegen lassen — (vergessen) leave something [behind]; (unerledigt lassen) leave something undone
alles liegen und stehen lassen — drop everything; s. auch Straße 1); liegend
* * *im Liegen lying down;das Liegen bekommt ihm nicht he can’t take all this lying down* * *unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb1) lie; < person> be lying downim Krankenhaus/auf Station 6 liegen — be in hospital/in ward 6
[krank] im Bett liegen — be [ill] in bed
[im Bett] liegen bleiben — stay in bed
bewusstlos/bewegungslos liegen bleiben — lie unconscious/motionless
2) (vorhanden sein) liees liegt Schnee auf den Bergen — there is snow [lying] on the hills
wie die Dinge liegen — as things are or stand [at the moment]
die Stadt liegt an der Küste — the town is or lies on the coast
etwas rechts/links liegen lassen — leave something on one's right/left
das Fenster liegt nach vorn/nach Süden/zum Garten — the window is at the front/faces south/faces the garden
es liegt nicht in meiner Absicht, das zu tun — it is not my intention to do that
das Essen lag mir schwer im Magen — the food/meal lay heavy on my stomach
4) (zeitlich) bedas liegt noch vor mir/schon hinter mir — I still have that to come/that's all behind me now
5)das liegt an ihm od. bei ihm — it is up to him; (ist seine Schuld) it is his fault
die Verantwortung/Schuld liegt bei ihm — it is his responsibility/fault
an mir soll es nicht liegen — I won't stand in your way; (ich werde mich beteiligen) I'm easy (coll.)
ich weiß nicht, woran es liegt — I don't know what the reason is
woran mag es nur liegen, dass...? — why ever is it that...?
6) (gemäß sein)es liegt mir nicht — it doesn't suit me; it isn't right for me; (es spricht mich nicht an) it doesn't appeal to me; (ich mag es nicht) I don't like it or care for it
es liegt ihm nicht, das zu tun — he does not like doing that; (so etwas tut er nicht) it is not his way to do that
7)daran liegt ihm viel/wenig/nichts — he sets great/little/no store by that; it means a lot/little/nothing to him
an ihm liegt mir schon etwas — I do care about him [a bit]
10)liegen bleiben — < things> stay, be left; (vergessen werden) be left behind; (nicht verkauft werden) remain unsold; (nicht erledigt werden) be left undone; (eine Panne haben) break down
etwas liegen lassen — (vergessen) leave something [behind]; (unerledigt lassen) leave something undone
alles liegen und stehen lassen — drop everything; s. auch Straße 1); liegend
* * *n.recumbency n. -
120 agobiado
adj.1 overwhelmed, overburdened.2 exhausted, tired.3 weighed-down, bent-over, bent, bowed.past part.past participle of spanish verb: agobiar.* * *1→ link=agobiar agobiar► adjetivo1 (doblado) bent over/down, weighed down* * *ADJ1) [persona]estar agobiado: estamos agobiados de trabajo — we're up to our eyes in work *
estaba agobiada por tantas visitas — she found all these visitors overwhelming o a bit too much *
no puedo hacerlo porque estoy agobiado con otras cosas — I can't do it, I'm rushed off my feet with other things * o I've got too much else on *
2) [lugar] clutteredel dormitorio queda muy agobiado con tantos muebles — the bedroom is very cluttered with all the furniture
3)ser agobiado de hombros — Cono Sur to have a stoop
* * *- da adjetivoa) ( abrumado)b) (esp Esp) ( angustiado)estar agobiado — to be in a real state (colloq)
* * *= oppressed, harassed, under the cosh, stressed, harried, beleaguered.Ex. The architectural styles of some library buildings make the new user feel oppressed, rather than welcome and at ease.Ex. This article offers 3 remedies for harassed acquisitions librarians in the areas of booksellers, money and technology.Ex. Motorists are under the cosh, feel taxed to the hilt and face record prices at the pumps.Ex. Australia is 'in a different league' to most stressed world economies because of the stability of its banks and China's hunger for its exports.Ex. But working mothers' lives are much more harried than the average American's.Ex. The prospect of cost savings for beleaguered university budgets have revitalized in resource sharing.----* agobiado de trabajo = up to + Posesivo + eyeballs in work.* agobiado por las preocupaciones = careworn.* agobiado por problemas = beset with + problems.* estar agobiado de = be snowed under with.* * *- da adjetivoa) ( abrumado)b) (esp Esp) ( angustiado)estar agobiado — to be in a real state (colloq)
* * *= oppressed, harassed, under the cosh, stressed, harried, beleaguered.Ex: The architectural styles of some library buildings make the new user feel oppressed, rather than welcome and at ease.
Ex: This article offers 3 remedies for harassed acquisitions librarians in the areas of booksellers, money and technology.Ex: Motorists are under the cosh, feel taxed to the hilt and face record prices at the pumps.Ex: Australia is 'in a different league' to most stressed world economies because of the stability of its banks and China's hunger for its exports.Ex: But working mothers' lives are much more harried than the average American's.Ex: The prospect of cost savings for beleaguered university budgets have revitalized in resource sharing.* agobiado de trabajo = up to + Posesivo + eyeballs in work.* agobiado por las preocupaciones = careworn.* agobiado por problemas = beset with + problems.* estar agobiado de = be snowed under with.* * *agobiado -da1(abrumado): estamos agobiados de trabajo we're rushed off our feet with work ( colloq), we're snowed under with workestán agobiados de deudas they are burdened with debts, they're up to their ears in debt ( colloq)estaba agobiada con tantos problemas she was weighed down by so many problems2camina agobiado de hombros he walks with a stoop* * *
Del verbo agobiar: ( conjugate agobiar)
agobiado es:
el participio
Multiple Entries:
agobiado
agobiar
agobiado◊ -da adjetivo [estar] agobiado de algo ‹ de trabajo› snowed under with sth;
‹ de deudas› overwhelmed with sth;
agobiar ( conjugate agobiar) verbo transitivo [problemas/responsabilidad] to weigh o get … down;
[ calor] to oppress, get … down;
este niño me agobia this child is too much for me
agobiado,-a adjetivo overwhelmed: está agobiado de problemas, he's overwhelmed with problems
estoy agobiado de trabajo, I'm snowed under with work
agobiar verbo transitivo to overwhelm
' agobiado' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
agobiada
- apurada
- apurado
English:
debt ridden
- pressure
* * *agobiado, -a adjestán agobiados de trabajo they're snowed under with work;están agobiados de problemas they're weighed down with problems;está agobiado por las deudas he's weighed down with debt, he's up to his ears in debt;está agobiado por el éxito the burden of his success is beginning to tell on him* * *adj figstressed out;agobiado de trabajo snowed under with work* * *agobiado, -da adj: weary, worn-out, weighted-down
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