says+the

ἀνίημι, ης (ἀνιεῖς, as if from ἀνιέω, dub. in Il.5.880), ησι: [tense] impf. ἀνίην, Hom. and [dialect] Att. 2 and [ per.] 3sg. εις, ει, [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3sg.

A

ἀνίη SIG1

(Abu Simbel, vi B. C., Iterat.

ἀνίεσκε Hes.Th. 157

; also

ἠνίει Hp.Epid.7.46

; [ per.] 1sg.

ἀνίειν Luc.Cat.4

: [tense] fut. ἀνήσω: [tense] pf. ἀνεῖκα: [tense] aor. 1 ἀνῆκα; [dialect] Ion. ἀνέηκα.:—the Homeric forms

ἀνέσει Od.18.265

, [tense] aor. opt.

ἀνέσαιμι 14.209

, part.

ἀνέσαντες 13.657

should be referred to ἀνέζω, but

ἄνεσαν Il.21.537

is from ἀνίημι: [tense] aor. 2, [ per.] 3pl.

ἀνεῖσαν Th.5.32

, imper.

ἄνες A.Ch. 489

, S.Ant. 1101, E.Hel. 442, subj.

ἀνῇς A.Eu. 183

, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. subj.

ἀνήη Il.2.34

, opt. ἀνείη, inf. ἀνεῖναι, part. ἀνείς:—[voice] Pass., ἀνίεμαι: [tense] pf.

ἀνεῖμαι Hdt.2.65

, A.Th. 413, [ per.] 3pl. [tense] pf.

ἀνέωνται Hdt.2.165

(v.l. ἀνέονται), inf. ἀνἑῶσθαι (sic) Tab.Heracl.1.153: [tense] aor. part.

ἀνεθείς Pl.R. 41c

e: [tense] fut.

ἀνεθήσομαι Th.8.63

. [ ἀνῐ- [dialect] Ep., ἀνῑ- [dialect] Att.: but even Hom. has ἀνῑει, ἀνῑέμενος, and we find ἀνῐησιν in Pl.Com.153 (anap.).]: — send up or forth,

Ζεφύροιο.. ἀήτας Ὠκεανὸς ἀνίησιν Od.4.568

; of Charybdis,

τρὶς μὲν γάρ τ' ἀνίησιν.. τρὶς δ' ἀναροιβδεῖ 12.105

;

ἀφρὸν ἀ.

spew up, vomit,

A.Eu. 183

;

σταγόνας [αἵματος] ἀ. S.OT 1277

; of the earth, καρπὸν ἀ. make corn or fruit spring up, h.Cer.333;

κνώδαλα A. Supp. 266

; also of the gods,

ἀ. ἄροτον γῆς S.OT 270

, etc.; so of females, produce, ib. 1405:—in [voice] Pass.,

σπαρτῶν ἀπ' ἀνδρῶν ῥίζωμ' ἀνεῖται A.Th. 413

: then in various relations,

συὸς χρῆμα ἀ. S.Fr. 401

;

κρήνην E.Ba. 766

; of a forest,

πῦρ καὶ φλόγα Th.2.77

;

πνεῦμ' ἀνεὶς ἐκ πνευμόνων E.Or. 277

:— send up from the grave or nether world, A.Pers. 650, Ar.Ra. 1462, Phryn.Com.1 D., Pl.Cra. 403e, etc.:— [voice] Pass., ἐκ γῆς κάτωθεν ἀνίεται ὁ πλοῦτος ibid.; of fruit, Thphr.CP5.1.5.

2 let come up, give access to,

τινά X.HG2.4.11

; εἰς τὸ πεδίον ib. 7.2.12.

II let go, from Hom. downwds. a very common sense, ἐμὲ δὲ γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἀνῆκεν, i.e. left me, Il.2.71, etc., cf. Pl.Prt. 310d: —[voice] Pass.,

ἀνίεσθαι

wake up,

D.S.17.56

; set free,

ἐκ στέγης ἀ. S.Ant. 1101

; let go unpunished,

ἄνδρα τὴν ὀλιγαρχίαν λυμαινόμενον X.HG2.3.51

, cf. Lys.13.93; ἄνετέ μ' ἄνετε leave me alone, forbear, S.El. 229 (lyr.); of a state of mind,

ἐμὲ δ' οὐδ' ὣς θυμὸν ἀνίει.. ὀδύνη Il. 15.24

;

ὅταν μ' ἀνῇ νόσος μανίας E.Or. 227

;

ὥς μιν ὁ οἶνος ἀνῆκε Hdt.1.213

, etc.; ἀ. ἵππον to let him go (by slackening the rein), S.El. 721;

ἵππους εἰς τάχος ἀ. X.Eq.Mag.3.2

;

τῷ δήμῳ τὰς ἡνίας ἀ. Plu.Per. 11

.

b loosen, unfasten,

δεσμόν Od.8.359

(v.l. δεσμῶν)

; δεσμά τ' ἀνεῖσαι Call.Hec.1.2.13

: hence, open,

πύλας ἄνεσαν Il.21.537

;

ἀ. θύρετρα E.Ba. 448

; ἀ. σήμαντρα break the seal, Id.IA 325:—[voice] Pass.,

πύλαι ἀνειμέναι D.H.10.14

.

2 ἀ. τινί let loose at one, slip at,

ἀ. τὰς κύνας X.Cyn.7.7

: hence

ἄφρονα τοῦτον ἀνέντες Il.5.761

, cf. 880: c. acc. et inf., Διομήδεα μαργαίνειν ἀνέηκεν ib. 882: generally, set on or urge to do a thing, c. inf.,

Μοῦσ' ἄρ' ἀοιδὸν ἀνῆκεν ἀειδέμεναι Od.8.73

, cf. 17.425, Il.2.276, 5.422: freq. c. acc. pers. only, let loose, excite, as

οὐδέ κε Τηλέμαχον.. ῷδ' ἀνιείης Od.2.185

;

μέγας δέ σε θυμὸς ἀνῆκεν Il.7.25

; τοῖσιν μὲν Θρασυμήδεα δῖον ἀνῆκεν urged Thrasymedes to their aid, 17.705:—so in [voice] Pass.,

ἅπας κίνδυνος ἀνεῖται σοφίας Ar.Nu. 955

.

3 ἀ. τινὰ πρός τι to let go for any purpose,

τὸν λεὼν.. ἀνεῖναι πρὸς ἔργα τε καὶ θυσίας Hdt.2.129

; ἐς παιγνίην ἑωυτὸν ἀ. ib. 173;

τὰ μικρὰ εἰς τύχην ἀνείς E.Fr. 974

(v.l. ἀφείς)

; τὰ σώματα ἐπὶ ῥᾳδιουργίαν X.Cyr.7.5.75

; ἐὰν δ' ἀνῇς, ὕβριστον χρῆμα κἀκόλαστον [γυνή] if you leave her free, Pl.Com.98.

4 let, allow, c. acc. et inf.,

ἀνεῖναι αὐτοὺς ὅ τι βούλονται ποιεῖν Pl.La. 179a

;

ἀ. τρίχας αὔξεσθαι Hdt.2.36

, cf. 4.175: with inf. omitted,

ἀνεῖσα πένθει κόμαν E. Ph. 323

; ἀ. στολίδος κροκόεσσαν τρυφάν ib. 1491;

κόμας Plu.Lys.1

: c. dat. pers. et inf., ἀνεὶς αὐτῷ θηρᾶν having given him leave to hunt, X.Cyr.4.6.3.

5 [voice] Med., loosen, undo, c. acc., κόλπον ἀνιεμένη baring her breast, Il.22.80; αἶγας ἀνιέμενοι stripping or flaying goats, Od.2.300; so

ἀνεῖτο λαγόνας E.El. 826

; so in [voice] Act., ἀνιέναι· δέρειν, Hsch.

6 let go free, leave untilled, of ground dedicated to a god,

τέμενος ἀνῆκεν ἅπαν Th.4.116

;

ἀργὸν παντάπασι τὸ χωρίον ἀνιέντες τῷ θεῷ Plu.Publ.8

; generally,

τὴν χώραν ἀ. μηλόβοτον Isoc.14.31

;

ἀρούρας ἀσπόρους ἀ. Thphr.HP8.11.9

;

στέλεχος ἀνειμένον

allowed to run wild,

LXX Ge.49.21

:—but this sense mostly in [voice] Pass., devote oneself, give oneself up,

ἐς τὸ ἐλεύθερον Hdt.7.103

; esp. of animals dedicated to a god, which are let range at large (cf. ἄνετος)

, ἀνεῖται τὰ θηρία Id.2.65

; of a person devoted to the gods,

νῦν δ' οὗτος ἀνεῖται στυγερῷ δαίμονι S.Aj. 1214

; of places, etc.,

θεοῖσιν ἀ. δένδρεα Call. Cer.47

; ἄλσος ἀνειμένον a consecrated grove, cj. in Pl.Lg. 761c; of land,

ἀ. εἰς νομάς PTeb.60.8

,72.36 (ii B.C.): hence metaph., ἀνειμένος εἴς τι devoted to a thing, wholly engaged in it, e.g.

ἐς τὸν πόλεμον Hdt.2.167

; ἀνέωνται ἐς τὸ μάχιμον they are given up to military service, ib. 165; ἐς τὸ κέρδος λῆμ' ἀνειμένον given up to.., E.Heracl. 3: hence [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass. ἀνειμένος as Adj., going free, left to one's own will and pleasure, at large, S.Ant. 579, El. 516;

ἀ. τι χρῆμα πρεσβυτῶν γένος καὶ δυσφύλακτον E.Andr. 727

; πέπλοι ἀνειμένοι let hang loose, ib. 598; τὸ εἰς ἀδικίαν καὶ πλεονεξίαν -μένον unrestrained propensity to.., Plu.Num.16;

σώματα πρὸς πᾶσαν ἐπιθυμίαν ἀνειμένα Id.Lyc.10

.

7 slacken, relax, opp. ἐπιτείνω or ἐντείνω, of a bow or stringed instrument, unstring, as Hdt.3.22, cf. Pl.R. 442a, Ly. 209b, X.Mem.3.10.7, etc.; esp. of musical scales, ἁρμονίαι ἀνειμέναι, opp. σύντονοι, Arist.Pol. 1342b22, al.; ἀνειμένα Ἰαστὶ μοῦσα Pratin.Lyr.5: metaph.,

ὀργῆς ὀλίγον τὸν κόλλοπ' ἀ. Ar.V. 574

, cf. Pherecr.145.4, Pl.R. 410e;

πολιτεῖαι ἀνειμέναι καὶ μαλακαί Arist.Pol. 1290a28

;

τοῖς γηράσκουσι ἀνίεται ἡ συντονία GA 787b13

; ἀνειμένη τάσις the grave accent, Sch.D.T.p.130H.;

οἱ πάγοι τὰς φλόγας ἀ.

temper,

Arist. Mu. 397b2

: hence,

b remit, neglect, give up,

στέρνων ἀραγμούς S.OC 1608

;

φυλακὰς ἀνῆκα E.Supp. 1042

; φυλακήν, ἄσκησιν, etc., Th.4.27, X.Cyr.7.5.70, etc.; ἀ. θάνατόν τινι to remit sentence of death to one, let one live, E.Andr. 531;

ἔχθρας, κολάσεις τισί Plu.2.536a

; ἀ. τὰ χρέα, τὰς καταδίκας, Id.Sol.15, D.C.64.8, cf. 72.2; ἄνες λόγον speak more mildly, E.Hel. 442; so

ἀ. τινὸς ἔχθραν Th.3.10

; ἀ. ἀρχήν, πόλεμον, etc., Id.1.76, 7.18, etc.:—[voice] Pass., to be treated remissly,

ἀνεθήσεται τὰ πράγματα Id.8.63

;

ὁ νόμος ἀνεῖται

has become effete, powerless,

E.Or. 941

: freq. in [tense] pf. part. ἀνειμένος as an Adj., ἐν τῷ ἀνειμένῳ τῆς γνώμης when their minds are not strung up for action, Th.5.9; ἀνειμένῃ τῇ διαίτῃ relaxed, unconstrained, of the Athenians, Id.1.6; δίαιτα λίαν ἀ., of the Ephors, Arist.Pol. 1270b32;

ἀ. ἡδοναί

dissolute,

Pl.R. 573a

; ἄνανδρος καὶ λίαν ἀ. ib. 549d;

ἀ. χείλεα

parched,

Theoc.22.63

; of climate,

ἀ. καὶ μαλακός Thphr.CP5.4.4

;

ὀσμὴ μαλακὴ καὶ ἀ. 5.7.1

: [comp] Comp.

ἀνειμενώτερος Iamb.VP15.67

:—but,

8 the sense of relaxation occurs also as an intr. usage of the [voice] Act., slacken, abate, of the wind,

ἐπειδὰν πνεῦμ' ἀνῇ S.Ph. 639

, cf. Hdt.2.113, 4.152;

ἕως ἀνῇ τὸ πῆμα S.Ph. 764

, cf. Hdt.1.94; ἐμφῦσα οὐκ ἀνίει, of a viper, having fastened on him she does not let go, Id.3.109: esp. in phrase οὐδὲν ἀνιέναι not to give way at all, X.HG2.3.46, cf. Cyr.1.4.22; τὰς τιμὰς ἀνεικέναι ἤκουον that prices had fallen, D.56.25, cf. Arist.Rh. 1390a15; σιδήρια ἀ. ἐν τοῖς μαλακοῖς lose their edge, Thphr.HP5.5.1.

b c. part., give up or cease doing, ὕων οὐκ ἀνίει [ὁ θεός] Hdt.4.28, cf. 125, 2.121.β, E.IT 318, etc.

c c. gen., cease from a thing,

μωρίας Id.Med. 457

;

τῆς ὀργῆς Ar.Ra. 700

, D.21.186;

φιλονικίας Th.5.32

; ἀνῆκε τοῦ ἐξελθεῖν forbore to come forth, LXX 1 Ki.23.13.

9 dilute, dissolve, διά τινος or τινί, Gal.13.520, al., Gp.4.7.3, cf. Arr.An.7.20.5 (Phryn.19 says that διΐημι is more correct in this sense);

διυγραινομένων καὶ ἀνιεμένων Thphr.Vent.58

.

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `bosom, lap, gulf, bay, vale, womb' (Il.), also `fistulous ulcer under the skin' with κολπάριον `id.' (medic.).

Compounds: As 2. member e. g. in βαθύ-κολπος `with folds of the garment falling down deep' (Il.).

Derivatives: κολπώδης `bosom-like, full of bays' (E., Plb.); κολπίας `swelling in folds' ( πέπλος, A. Pers. 1060), `wind blowing from the bay', ἐγκολπίας `id.' (Arist.); Κολπίτης m. old name of Phoenicia (Steph. Byz.), pl. "inhabitants of the coast", name of an uncivilised people on the Red Sea (Philostr.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 23, cf. also below on διακολπιτεύω); κολπόομαι, - όω `form a fold' (B., Hp.) with κόλπωσις, - ωμα `folding', - ωτός `folded'. Several prefixed forms in diff. functions; most hell.: ἐγ-, ἐπι-, ὑπο-κόλπιος, ἀνα-, ἐγ-, ἐπι-κολπόω, ἐγ-, κατα-, περι-κολπίζω etc. However ( δια-)κολπιτεύω `smuggle' ( PTeb. 709, 9; 14; II^a) hardly with Olsson Eranos 48, 157 to κόλπος `bosom', but rather to the people's-name Κολπῖται "inhabit. of the coast" (s. a.); thus ἔλαιον κολπιτικόν ( PTeb. 38, 12 u. 125; II<sup>a</sup>) `smuggle-oil'.

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: As κόλπος may stand for *κϜόλπος (s. Schwyzer 302, Lejeune Traité de phon. 72 n. 3), κόλπος can be connected with Germ. NHG wölben, as verbal noun (*"vaulting") to the in MHG walb `vaulted', OWNo, holfinn `id.' preserved primary verb, with as causative OWNo. huelfa, OHG (h)welben `vault', OE bi-hwelbian `vault above'. But for the gender κόλπος would be identical with OWNo. hualf, OE hwealf f. `vault' (Zupitza Die germ. Gutturale 54). But the comparison with OE heofon-hwealf `vault of heaven': αἰθέρος κόλποι (Pi. O. 13, 88) says nothing on the etymology, as the poetical Gr. expression is based on the idea of bosom. - Other connections, with Lat. calpar `earthen wine-vessel', culcita `cushion' etc. (s. W.-Hofmann s. vv., also Bq) have no value; wrong also Mann Lang. 17, 14. - From κόλπος VLat. colphus \> Ital. golfo.

Page in Frisk: 1,904-905

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `ice' (Il.), also f. (after λίθος) `rock-crystall' (Str., D. S.).

Other forms: κρόσταλλος εἶδος ὑέλου H., where Latte notes "h.e. κρύσταλλος ( κρούστ- S.)

Derivatives: κρυστάλλιον `id.' ( PHolm.), also plant-name = ψύλλιον (Dsc.; because of the cooling effect, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 83); κρυστάλλ-ινος `icy-cold' (Hp.), `of rock-crystall' (D. C.), - ώδης `icy, crystalclear' (Ptol., PHolm.); κρυσταλλ-όομαι `freeze' (Ph.), - ίζω `glow like crystal' (Apoc.); further κρυσταίνομαι `freeze' (Nic. Al. 314), prob. free analogical formation to κρύσταλλος after other cases of the interchange ν: λ (diff. Schwyzer 706; ?).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: The word is sonnected (Chantraine Formation 247, Schwyzer 484) with Lat. crusta `bark, crust'. However, this is wrong as the Latin word has a quite different meaning: `the hard surface of a body, the rind, shell, crust, bark' which protects it' (Lewis and Short); so it has nothing to do with cold; it is used of flumen, indicating a covering or crust of ice, but this is an incidental use, a metaphor, not the central aspect of the meaning. The word, then, has nothing to do with words for `cold, ice'. (Its etymology with κρύος must therefore be given up; there is no other proposal.) - As Kuiper FS Kretschmer 1, 215 n. 16 remarked the word is Pre-Greek because of the suffix - αλλο- (all Greek words in - αλλο- are of Pre-Greek origin; there are no Greek words of IE origin with this suffix; it is not - αλ- with expressively geminated λ (as Chantraine often says) and not from κρύ-ος as then the formation cannot be explained. This is confirmed by the variant κρόστ-. The word means `ice' and was also used for rock-crystal, probably because this looks like (a piece of) ice, as it is transparant (in antiquity this was very remarkable). Pliny (37, 23) still thinks it is ice. We now know that rock-crystal is a mineral; it is quartz, a silicate (SiO₂). The semi-precious amethyst and agate are varieties. S. Beekes, FS Kortlandt.

See also: s. κρύος

Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `foremost, first' (Il.).

Other forms: Dor. Boeot. πρᾶτος.

Compounds: As 1. member very productive, e.g. πρωτό-γονος `first-born' (ep. poet. Il.).

Derivatives: 1. Superlative πρώτ-ιστα (adv.) `first of all', - ιστος (ep. poet. Il.), Dor. (Thera) πράτιστος `the very first' (Seiler Steigerungsformen 105). 2. πρωτ-εῖον n. `first prize, first rank' (Att.); - ειος `of the first rank'. 3. - εύω `to be first' (Att.) with the backformation πρωτεύς adjunct to λαός (Tim. Pers. 248; cf. Wil. ad loc.). Several shortnames, e.g. Πρωτ-εύς m. Seagod (Od. etc.; Bosshardt 128f.), - τέας, - τίων, Πρατ-ίνας, - ύλος etc. (Bechtel Hist. Personennamen 387). -- On Πρω-τεσί-λαος, - λεως (Il. etc.) s. Risch $ 71 a.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [814] XX [unknown]

Etymology: As with the cardinals (cf. οἶος, εἷς and Kretschmer Einl. 10ff.) deviate also with the ordinals, a. even stronger, the expressions for the singular from one another. In Greek πρῶτος, πρᾶτος as innovation joined the sequence τρίτος, τέταρτος etc.; the initial syllable is explained in diff. ways. Most obvious is to compare, πρῶ-, πρᾶ-(τος) with Lith. pìr-mas, Skt. pū́r-va-, Av. paur-va- as representing a zero grade pr̥̄-, i.e. *pr̥H-; the variation πρω-: πρᾱ- can, if not old (Lejeune BSL 29, 117ff.), be explained as partial adaptation to πρό, πρότερος though it is not clear how this would have come about. DELG says that *pr̥H- can give both πρᾱ- and πρω-, but the first requires *pr̥h₂-, the second *pr̥h₃-, so the two cannot come from the same form. A basis *πρό-ατος, for πρῶτος possible, is not possible for πρᾶτος. Schwyzer 361 and 250 w. lit.; s. also on πρῳ̃ ρα and Pisani Ist. Lomb. 77, 563. Older lit. in Bq. Cf. Beekes Development 214f.

Page in Frisk: 2,609-610

κολλάω aor. ἐκόλλησα LXX; pf. κεκόλληκα Job 38:38. Pass.: 1 fut. κολληθήσομαι Mt 19:5; 1 aor. ἐκολλήθην; pf. pass. κεκόλλημαι LXX (κόλλα ‘glue’; Aeschyl. et al.; Pla., Diod S, Plut., ins, pap, LXX; TestAbr A 20 p. 103, 18 [Stone p. 54]; Test12Patr; AscIs 97; EpArist 97; Philo) gener. ‘join together.’

① to join closely together, bind closely, unite τινά τινι someone with or to someone; fig. extension of the lit. mng. ‘to glue’ or ‘join’ substances, act. ἡ ἀγάπη κολλᾷ ἡμᾶς τῷ θεῷ love unites us w. God 1 Cl 49:5. ἡ νουθέτησις … κολλᾷ ἡμᾶς τῷ θελήματι τοῦ θεοῦ admonition unites us w. God’s will 56:2.

② to be closely associated, cling to, attach to, pass. most freq. in act. sense

ⓐ cling (closely) to someth.

α. lit. τινί (Job 29:10) of stones ἐκολλῶντο ἀλλήλοις they were joined Hv 3, 2, 6. Of dust: τὸν κονιορτὸν τὸν κολληθέντα ἡμῖν ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ὑμῶν the dust of your city that clings to us Lk 10:11.

β. fig. cling to = come in close contact with (cp. Ps 21:16; 43:26 ἐκολλήθη εἰς γῆν ἡ γαστὴρ ἡμῶν. The act.=‘bring into contact’ PGM 5, 457 κολλήσας τ. λίθον τῷ ὠτίῳ) ἐκολλήθησαν αἱ ἁμαρτίαι ἄχρι τ. οὐρανοῦ the sins have touched the heaven = reached the sky (two exprs. are telescoped) Rv 18:5.

γ. fig. of the Spirit, which is (closely) joined to the flesh 2 Cl 14:5.

ⓑ join oneself to, join, cling to, associate with

α. of a pers., w. dat. of thing κολλήθητι τῷ ἅρματι τούτῳ Ac 8:29 (a rendering like stick to this chariot suggests the imagery).—W. dat. of pers. (which may very rarely be replaced w. a prepositional constr. [AscIs 3:1 πρὸς αὐτόν but τῷ Μανασσῇ, cp. Tob 6:19 εἰ αὐτήν S, αὐτῇ BA]) 1 Cl 30:3; cp. 46:1. τοῖς εἰρηνεύουσι 15:1. τοῖς ἁγίοις 46:2 (quot. of unknown orig.); Hv 3, 6, 2; Hs 8, 8, 1. τοῖς δούλοις τοῦ θεοῦ 9, 20, 2; 9, 26, 3. τοῖς δικαίοις 8, 9, 1. τοῖς ἀθῴοις κ. δικαίοις 1 Cl 46:4. τοῖς διψύχοις καὶ κενοῖς the doubters and the senseless Hm 11:13. τοῖς ἀκαθάρτοις B 10:8; cp. 10:3ff. Also μετά τινος (cp. Ruth 2:8) 10:11; 19:2, 6; D 3:9. τῷ κυρίῳ join oneself to the Lord (cp. 4 Km 18:6; Sir 2:3; on this vs. and 6:16 below s. SPorter, ETL 67, ’91, 104f: economic connotation; cp. Lk 15:15 below) 1 Cor 6:17; Hm 10, 1, 6. τῇ γυναικὶ αὐτοῦ be joined to his wife Mt 19:5 (cp. Vi. Aesopi G 30 P. p. 46, 14, where a woman says to Aesop: μή μοι κολλῶ=don’t come too near me; 1 Esdr 4:20; Philo, Leg. All. 2, 50). τῇ πόρνῃ join oneself to a prostitute 1 Cor 6:16 (cp. Sir 19:2). Associate with on intimate terms, join Ac 5:13; 9:26; 10:28 (CBurchard, ZNW 61, ’70, 159f). Become a follower or disciple of someone (cp. 2 Km 20:2; 1 Macc 3:2; 6:21) 17:34. Hire oneself out to someone Lk 15:15 (JHarrill, JBL 115, ’96, 714–17, “he was indentured”). Have someth. to do with: lying spirits Hm 11:4.

β. of impers. things: of anger ὅταν κολληθῇ τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ when it attaches itself to a pers. Hm 10, 2, 3. Also of punishment Hs 6, 5, 3.

ⓒ w. dat. of thing cling to, enter into a close relation w. (Ps 118:31; TestIss 6:1, Dan 6:10 τ. δικαιοσύνῃ, Gad 5:2) ταῖς δωρεαῖς cling to the gifts 1 Cl 19:2. τῷ ἀγαθῷ be attached or devoted to what is good Ro 12:9; B 20:2; D 5:2 (cp. TestAsh 3:1 τῇ ἀγαθότητι). τῇ εὐλογίᾳ cling to the blessing 1 Cl 31:1. κρίσει δικαίᾳ B 20:2.—DELG s.v. κόλλα. M-M. TW.

κράζω (Aeschyl.+; also Aesop, Fab. 252 P. a rooster) neut. ptc. κρᾶζον (B-D-F §13; W-S. §6, 2; Rob. 231); impf. ἔκραζον; fut. κράξω and κεκράξομαι (B-D-F §77; W-S. §13, 2; Mlt. 154; Rob. 361); 1 aor. ἔκραξα and ἐκέκραξα (Ac 24:21, s. B-D-F §75; W-S. §13, 2; 10 note 10; Mlt. 147; cp. Mlt-H. 244); pf. κέκραγα; plpf. 3 sg. ἐκεκράγει (3 Macc 5:23 v.l.).

① to make a vehement outcry, cry out, scream, shriek, when one utters loud cries, without words capable of being understood (cp. Hippol., Ref. 4, 28, 3 and 6): of mentally disturbed persons, epileptics, or the evil spirits living in them Mk 5:5; 9:26; Lk 4:41 v.l.; 9:39. Of the death-cry of Jesus on the cross Mk 15:39 v.l. Of the cry of a woman in childbirth Rv 12:2. ἀπὸ τοῦ φόβου cry out in fear Mt 14:26. φωνῇ μεγάλῃ cry out in a loud voice 27:50; Mk 1:26 v.l. (for φωνῆσαν); Ac 7:57; Rv 10:3a, cp. 3b.

② to communicate someth. in a loud voice, call, call out, cry

ⓐ lit. κράζει ὄπισθεν ἡμῶν she is calling out after us Mt 15:23. τὶ someth. of a crowd Ac 19:32. φωνὴν κ. call out a thing loudly 24:21. W. direct discourse foll. (B-D-F §397, 3) Mk 10:48; 11:9; 15:13f; Lk 18:39; J 12:13 v.l. (s. κραυγάζω); Ac 19:34; 21:28, 36; 23:6. W. φωνῇ μεγάλῃ and direct discourse foll. Mk 5:7; Ac 7:60. Also ἐν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ Rv 14:15. Used w. λέγειν (B-D-F §420, 2 app.) of loud speaking κράζω λέγων I say loudly (Ex 5:8; TestAbr B 6 p. 110, 5 [Stone p. 68]) Mt 8:29; 14:30; 15:22 (s. κραυγάζω); 20:30f; 21:9; 27:23; Mk 3:11; J 7:37; 19:12 v.l. (for ἐκραύγασαν); Ac 16:17; Rv 18:18f. Also pleonast. κ. φωνῇ μεγάλῃ λέγων I call out w. a loud voice and say 6:10; 7:10. κ. ἐν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ λέγων 19:17; cp. 18:2. κράξας ἔλεγε Mk 9:24. κ. καὶ λέγειν Mt 9:27; 21:15; Mk 10:47; Lk 4:41 v.l.; Ac 14:14f. ἔκραξεν καὶ εἶπεν J 12:44. ἔκραξεν διδάσκων καὶ λέγων he cried out as he was teaching, and said 7:28. The pf. κέκραγα has present mng. (Hippocr., Περὶ ἱερ. νούς. 15 vol. VI 388 Littré βοᾷ καὶ κέκραγεν; Menand., Sam. 226; 239 S. [11; 24 Kö.]; Plut., Cato Min. 58, 1 μαρτυρόμενος καὶ κεκραγώς; Lucian, Demon. 48 κεκραγότα κ. λέγοντα; Ex 5:8; 2 Km 19:29; Is 15:4; Job 30:20, 28; 34:20; Ps 4:4; 140:1) Ἰωάννης μαρτυρεῖ περὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ κέκραγεν λέγων J 1:15. κ. τινὶ (ἐν) φωνῇ μεγάλῃ (λέγων) call out to someone in a loud voice Rv 7:2; 14:15.—Of angel choirs 1 Cl 34:6 (Is 6:3).

ⓑ fig.

α. of the urgent speech of the prophet (Jos., Ant. 10, 117: Jeremiah) or what his book says (Ammonius Herm. in Aristot. Lib. De Interpret. p. 183, 30 Busse: ἀκουέτω τοῦ Ἀριστοτέλους κεκραγότος ὅτι … ; Just., D. 70, 5 αἱ γραφαὶ κεκράγασιν) Ἠσαί̈ας κράζει ὑπὲρ τοῦ Ἰσραήλ Ro 9:27. Of prayer, rather fervent than loud 8:15. ἐκέκραξεν ὁ δίκαιος 1 Cl 22:7 (Ps 33:18). Of the divine Spirit in the heart Gal 4:6.

β. of things (Epict 1, 16, 11 κέκραγεν ἡ φύσις; Achilles Tat. 5, 17, 4 κέκραγέ σου ἡ μορφὴ τ. εὐγένειαν): stones, that cry out if the disciples were to hold back with their confession of Jesus’ messiahship Lk 19:40. The laborers’ wages, held back, κράζει Js 5:4 (cp. Gen 4:10; 18:20; Philo, Ebr. 98 κ. ἐν ἡμῖν αἱ ἄλογοι ὁρμαί; Jos., Bell. 1, 197. On the topic s. KBerger, Die Gesetzesauslegung Jesu I, ’72, 382–84; other reff. PvanderHorst, The Sentences of Pseudo-Phocylides ’78, 126.).—B. 1250. DELG. M-M. TW.

μετάνοια, ας, ἡ (μετανοέω) prim. ‘a change of mind’ (Thu. 3, 36, 4; Polyb. 4, 66, 7; Appian, Mithrid. 16 §57; pap [s. New Docs 4, 160; Spicq II 475, 17]; TestSol 12:3 C; JosAs, ApcSed; ApcMos 32; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 274, Ant. 16, 125; Just., Tat.), also w. the nuance of ‘remorse’ (as regret for shortcomings and errors: Batr. 69; Lycon the Peripatetic [III B.C.], Fgm. 23 Wehrli [in Diog. L. 5, 66]; Polyb. 18, 33, 7; Stoic. III 147, ln. 21f; Cebes 10, 4; 11, 1; Plut., Mor. 56a; 68f; 961d, Alex. 11, 4, Mar. 10, 4; 39, 3; Chariton 1, 3, 7; Appian, Liby. 52 §225; 102 §482; 116 §553; M. Ant. 8, 10; Ps.-Lucian, Calumn. 5; Jos., Ant. 13, 314. Of the ‘remorse’ of Sophia Iren. 1, 3, 1 [Harv. I 24, 7]); in our lit. w. focus on the need of change in view of responsibility to deity (cp. Hierocles 14, 451; Sir 44:16; Wsd 12:10, 19; Prayer of Manasseh [=Odes 12] 8; Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 96, Spec. Leg. 1, 58, Virt. 175ff [περὶ μετανοίας] al.; EpArist 188; Jos., Ant. 9, 176; TestReub 2:1; TestJud 19:2; TestGad 5:7f; JosAs 15:6ff; 16:7; ApcSed prol.: περὶ ἀγάπης καὶ περὶ μ.; 14:3 ἐν μετανοίαις; SibOr 1, 129; 168; Iren. 1, 21, 2 [Harv. 182, 7]; Orig., C. Cels. 7, 57, 3f; Did., Gen. 97, 15) repentance, turning about, conversion; as a turning away μετάνοια ἀπὸ νεκρῶν ἔργων turning away from dead works Hb 6:1. Mostly of the positive side of repentance, as the beginning of a new relationship with God: ἡ εἰς θεὸυ μ. repentance that leads to God Ac 20:21. ἄξια τῆς μετανοίας ἔργα deeds that are consistent with repentance 26:20. Also καρπὸν ἄξιον τῆς μ. Mt 3:8; cp. Lk 3:8. βαπτίζειν εἰς μ. baptize for repentance Mt 3:11 (s. βαπτίζω 2a; also εἰς 10a). βάπτισμα μετανοίας Mk 1:4; Lk 3:3; cp. Ac 13:24; 19:4 (alt. λουτροῦ … τῆς μ. Just., D. 14, 1) χρείαν ἔχειν μετανοίας need repentance or conversion Lk 15:7. κηρύσσειν μ. εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν preach repentance that leads to the forgiveness of sins 24:47 (μετάνοιαν καὶ ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν διὰ … λουτροῦ παλλιγγενεσίας Theoph. Ant. 2, 16 [p. 140. 8f]); cp. 1 Cl 7:6. ἔχειν καιρὸν μετανοίας still have time for repentance 2 Cl 8:2. τόπον μετανοίας διδόναι give an opportunity for repentance (Wsd 12:10; cp. ἵνα μετάνοια δοθῇ Did., Gen. 169, 4; ἀφορμὴν μετανοίας καὶ ἐξομολογήσεως παράσχειν Theoph. Ant. 2, 29 [p. 170, 17]) 1 Cl 7:5. μετανοίας τόπον εὑρίσκειν Hb 12:17 (cp. μετανοίας τόπον ἔχειν Tat. 15:3). διδόναι τινὶ (τὴν) μ. (cp. Wsd 12:19; M. J. Brutus, Ep. 7) Ac 5:31; 11:18; 2 Ti 2:25; 16:9; cp. Hv 4, 1, 3; Hs 8, 6, 2; 8, 11, 1. τιθέναι τινὶ μετάνοιαν prescribe repentance for someone Hm 4, 3, 4; cp. 5; καλεῖν τινα εἰς μ. Lk 5:32 (ApcSed 15:2; Just., A I, 15, 7; 90, 7); Mt 9:13 v.l.; Mk 2:17 v.l. (cp. καλοῦνται αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ μ. καὶ διόρθωσιν τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτῶν Orig., C. Cels. 3, 62, 3). περὶ μετανοίας λαλεῖν 1 Cl 8:1. ἀκούσαντες ταύτην τὴν μετάνοιαν when they heard of this repentance Hs 8, 10, 3; παιδεύεσθαι εἰς μ. be disciplined so as to repent 1 Cl 57:1. εἰς μ. ἄγειν τινά (EpArist 188; Jos., Ant. 4, 144; cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 63 §262 θεοῦ σφᾶς ἐπὶ μετάνοιαν ἄγοντος) Ro 2:4; ἀνακαινίζειν εἰς μ. Hb 6:6; χωρῆσαι εἰς μ. come to repentance 2 Pt 3:9. μετάνοιαν λαμβάνειν receive repentance (after denying Christ) Hs 9, 26, 6a. μετανοίας μετασχεῖν 1 Cl 8:5. μετάνοιαν ἔχειν have a possibility of repentance Hm 4, 3, 3; Hs 8, 8, 2. ἐστί τινι μετάνοιαν have a possibility of repentance Hv 2, 2, 5c; 3, 7, 5; Hs 8, 8, 5; 8, 9, 4a; 9, 19, 1; 9, 20, 4. τινὶ μετάνοιά ἐστι μία have (only) one possibility of repentance m 4, 1, 8; cp. 4, 3, 1. μ. κεῖταί τινι repentance is ready, available for someone Hs 9, 19, 2f; 9, 22, 4; 9, 26, 6b. ἐπίκειταί τινι 8, 7, 2a. γίνεταί τινι 9, 26, 5; εἰς μάτην ἐστὶν ἡ μ. is in vain 6, 1, 3. ταχινὴ ὀφείλει εἶναι must follow quickly 8, 9, 4b. ἡ μ. σύνεσίς ἐστιν μεγάλη is great understanding m 4, 2, 2. μ. καθαρά 12, 3, 2; cp. Hs 7:6. μ. ἁμαρτίας rep. for sin 2 Cl 16:4; cp. Hm 4, 3, 3. μ. ζωῆς rep. that leads to life Hs 6, 2, 3; cp. 8, 6, 6. ἐλπὶς μετανοίας hope of repentance or conversion IEph 10:1; Hs 6, 2, 4; 8, 7, 2b; 8, 10, 2. W. πίστις and other Christian virtues 1 Cl 62:2. The ἄγγελος τῆς μ. appears in Hermas as a proclaimer of repentance: v 5:7; m 12, 4, 7; 12, 6, 1; Hs 9, 1, 1; 9, 14, 3; 9, 23, 5; 9, 24, 4; λυπεῖσθαι εἰς μ. feel pain that leads to repentance 2 Cor 7:9, λύπη μετάνοιαν ἐργάζεται (cp. Plut., Mor. 476f) vs. 10.—W. the Christian use of the word in mind Polycarp says ἀμετάθετος ἡμῖν ἡ ἀπὸ τῶν κρειττόνων ἐπὶ τὰ χείρω μετάνοια for us ‘repentance’ from the better to the worse is impossible MPol 11:1.—WHolladay, The Root Šûbh in the OT, ’58.—TRE VII 446–51; RAC II 105–18.—DELG s.v. νόος. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv.

Ναζωραῖος, ου, ὁ Nazoraean, Nazarene, predominantly a designation of Jesus, in Mt, J, Ac and Lk 18:37, while Mk has Ναζαρηνός (q.v.). Of the two places where the latter form occurs in Lk, the one, Lk 4:34, apparently comes fr. Mk (1:24), the other, 24:19, perh. fr. a special source. Where the author of Lk-Ac writes without influence fr. another source he uses Ναζωραῖος. Mt says expressly 2:23 that Jesus was so called because he grew up in Nazareth. In addition, the other NT writers who call Jesus Ναζωραῖος know Nazareth as his home. But linguistically the transition fr. Ναζαρέτ to Ναζωραῖος is difficult (Dalman, Gramm.² 178; Wlh. on Mt 26:69; MLidzbarski, Mandäische Liturgien 1920, xviff, Zeitschrift für Semitistik 1, 1922, 230ff, Ginza 1925, ixf; FBurkitt, The Syriac Forms of NT Proper Names 1912; AvGall, Βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ 1926 p. 432, 4; cp. 411f; RBultmann, ZNW 24, 1925, 143f, Jesus 1926, 26 [Eng. tr. 24]; HSchaeder in Rtzst. u. Schaeder, Studien zum antiken Synkretismus 1926 p. 308, 2, also TW IV 879–84; Moore below) and it is to be borne in mind that Ναζωραῖος meant someth. different before it was connected w. Nazareth (cp. Orig. Celsus 7, 18, 9f, who calls Jesus ὁ Ναζωραῖος ἄνθρωπος. JSanders, JBL 84, ’65, 169–72 [rev. in: The Gospels and the Scriptures of Israel, ed. CEvans/WStegner ’94, 116–28] interprets Ν. in Mt 2:23 as meaning both ‘coming from Nazareth’ and ‘miraculously born’). The pass. where Jesus is so called are Mt 2:23; 26:69 v.l., 71; Lk 18:37; J 18:5, 7; 19:19; Ac 2:22; 3:6; 4:10; 6:14; 22:8; 26:9. Acc. to Ac 24:5 the Christians were so called; s. Kl. Texte 3² p. 3, ln. 32 and 8³ p. 6, lines 8, 17, 27; p. 7, note on ln. 1ff; p. 8, ln. 5; p. 9, ln.17; 23; p. 10, ln. 5; 15; p. 11, ln. 28 and note on ln. 9ff, all passages in which Jewish Christians are called Nazaraei, Nazareni, Ναζωραῖοι.—Laud. Therap. 27 the monks are called ναζιραῖοι (with the v.l. Ναζαραῖοι).—EbNestle, ET 19, 1908, 523f, PM 14, 1910, 349f; HZimmern, ZDMG 74, 1920, 429ff; GMoore, Nazarene and Nazareth: Beginn. I/1, 1920, 426–32 (s. I/5, ’33, 356f); EMeyer II 408f; 423, 2; HGressmann, ZKG 41=n.s. 4, 1922, 166f; WCaspari, ZNW 21, 1922, 122–27; HSmith, Ναζωραῖος κληθήσεται: JTS 28, 1927, 60; ELohmeyer, Joh. d. Täufer ’32, p. 115, 2; HSchlier, TRu n.s. 5, ’33, 7f; WOesterley, ET 52, ’41, 410–12; SLyonnet, Biblica 25, ’44, 196–206; MBlack, An Aramaic Approach³, ’67, 197–200; WAlbright, JBL 65, ’46, 397–401, also JKennard, Jr., ibid. 66, ’47, 79–81; HShires, ATR 29, ’47, 19–27; TNicklin, Gospel Gleanings, ’50, 257–60; BGärtner, Die rätselhafte Termini Nazoräer u. Iskariot ’57, 5–36; ESchweizer, Judentum, Urchrist., Kirche ’60, 90–93; RPesch: The Gospels and the Scriptures of Israel ’94, 178–211.—B-D-F §39, 4; BHHW II, 1293. M-M. EDNT. TW.

ἀγαθός, ή, όν (Hom.+) Comp. ἀμείνων (not in NT, but e.g. PGM 5, 50; 6, 2; Jos., Bell. 5, 19, Ant. 11, 296) 1 Cl 57:2; IEph 13:2; 15:1; βελτίων, also κρείσσων, colloq. ἀγαθώτερος (Diod S 8 Fgm. 12, 8; Judg 11:25 B; 15:2 B) Hm 8:9, 11. Superl. ἄριστος (Jos., C. Ap. 2, 156, Ant. 16, 142; Ath., R. 72, 8); colloq. ἀγαθώτατος (Diod S 16, 85, 7; Philo Bybl. [c. 100 A.D.] s. below 2aα; Heliod. 5, 15, 2; Synes., Ep. 143; Jos., Bell. 2, 277) Hv 1, 2, 3.—Ael. Dion. α, 10 rejects the forms ἀγαθώτερος, -τατος as wholly foreign to Greek (B-D-F §61, 1). When used of pers., freq. in ref. to good citizenship or acceptance of communal responsibility (cp. the def. in Cleanthes 3 [Coll. Alex. p. 229]).

① pert. to meeting a relatively high standard of quality, of things.

ⓐ adj. useful, beneficial καρποί (Procop. Soph., Ep. 27; Sir 6:19; Da 4:12 LXX) Js 3:17. δένδρον Mt 7:17f. γῆ productive, fertile soil (X., Oec. 16, 7 γῆ ἀ.—γῆ κακή; Diod S 5, 41, 6; Arrian, Anab. 4, 28, 3; Jos., Ant. 5, 178) Lk 8:8; B 6:8, 10. δόματα beneficial (Sir 18:17) Mt 7:11; Lk 11:13. δόσις Js 1:17; λόγος ἀ. πρὸς οἰκοδομήν useful for edification Eph 4:29 (cp. X., Mem. 4, 6, 11; Chion, Ep. 3, 6 πρὸς ἀνδρείαν ἀμείνους; Isocr. 15, 284 ἄριστα πρὸς ἀρετήν); γνώμη ἀ. a gracious declaration 1 Cl 8:2; ἡμέραι ἀ. happy (Cass. Dio 51, 19; PGen 61, 10; Sir 14:14; 1 Macc 10:55) 1 Pt 3:10; 1 Cl 22:2 (both Ps 33:13; 34:12); cp. 50:4.

ⓑ used as a pure subst.: sg. (Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX), ἀγαθόν, οῦ, τό the good (Diog. L. 1, 105 ἀγαθόν τε καὶ φαῦλον=a good and bad thing at the same time. TestAbr A 4, p. 80, 32 [Stone p. 8] of food); opp. (τὸ) κακόν Did., Gen. 21, 5; pl. ἀγαθά, ῶν, τά good things, possessions.

α. quite gener. τὰ ἀγαθά σου Lk 16:25 (cp. Job 21:13; En 103:3; PsSol 1:6, 5, 18; 17:44; 18:6; the opp. of τὰ κακά as Ephorus of Cyme [IV B.C.] περὶ ἀγαθῶν κ. κακῶν: 70 test. 1 Jac.; Diod S 18, 53, 1 ἀγαθῶν τε καὶ κακῶν μεταλαμβάνων; Job 2:10; s. SAalen NTS 13, ’66, 5 on En 98:9); τοιαῦτα ἀ. such fine things Hs 9, 10, 1.—ποιήσαι ταῦτα κ. περισσότερα ἀ. μεθʼ ἡμῶν to do these and far better things for us 1 Cl 61:3.

β. possessions, treasures (Hdt. 2, 172 et al.; PRyl 28, 182 δεσπότης πολλῶν ἀγαθῶν κ. κτημάτων; Sir 14:4; Wsd 7:11; TestJob 4:8; SibOr 3, 660; 750) Lk 1:53 (Ps 106:9.—Amphis Com. Fgm. 28 [IV B.C.], in Athen. 3, 56, 100a, χορτάζομαι ἐν ἅπασιν ἀγαθοῖς; Sb 7517, 4 [211/12 A.D.] ἀγαθῶν πεπληρῶσθαι); Gal 6:6; Hv 3, 9, 6; τὰ ἀ. τῆς γῆς 1 Cl 8:4 (Is 1:19; cp. TestAbr A 4 p. 81, 18 [Stone p. 10] ἀ. τῶν ἐπιγείων); esp. of crops (Diod S 3, 46, 1 τὰ ἀ.=‘the good gifts’, specifically ‘products of nature’; likewise 19, 26, 3. Even more generally Synes., Kingship 16 p. 17d τὰ ἀ.=food; Philo, Op. M. 16, Mos. 1, 6) Lk 12:18f.

γ. possessions of a higher order (Dio Chrys. 64 [14], 1 ἐλευθερία as μέγιστον τ. ἀγαθῶν; Ael. Aristid. 24, 4 K.=44 p. 825 D.: ὁμόνοια as μέγ. τῶν ἀ.; 45, 18 K.=8 p. 89 D.: τὰ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀγ. Diog. L. 6, 4 the priest promises the initiate into the Orphic mysteries πολλὰ ἐν ᾅδου ἀγαθά) Ro 3:8; 10:15 (Is 52:7).—Hb 9:11; 10:1; 2 Cl 6:6; 15:5.

② pert. to meeting a high standard of worth and merit, good

ⓐ as adj.

α. of humans and deities (the primary focus is on usefulness to humans and society in general, so Pind.+, s. AAdkins Merit and Responsibility ’60, 189f) beneficent, of God (Dio Chrys. 80 [30], 26 οἱ θεοί; Zoroaster in Philo Bybl.: 790 Fgm. 4, 52 Jac. [Eus. PE 1, 10, 52] God is ἀγαθῶν ἀγαθώτατος. Sallust. 1 πᾶς θεὸς ἀγαθός; contrast Did., Gen. 109, 3 ὁ διάβολος οὐ φύσει κακός … ἐστίν, ἀλλὰ … ἀγαθὸς γέγονεν.—Cp. IKosPH 92, 6f which calls Nero ἀ. θεός, ἀγαθὸς δαίμων [OGI 666, 3; POxy 1021, 8, both referring to Nero; POxy 1449, 4; s. also JKroll, D. Lehren d. Hermes Trismeg. 1914, 90; Rtzst., Erlösungsmyst. 189; 191ff] and Sb 349 θεῷ ἀγαθῷ Διὶ Ἡλίῳ; Philo, Leg. All. 1, 47 al.; Celsus 4, 14) Mt 19:17b (in Cleanthes, Stoic. I 127, 3ff [Eus. PE 13, 13, 37], a description of God follows the question τἀγαθὸν ἐρωτᾷς μʼ οἷόν ἐστʼ; cp. Orig., C.Cels. 3, 70, 9; Did., Gen. 98, 28); Mk 10:18b (Unknown Sayings 33–36); Lk 18:19b; Dg 8:8 (on these passages cp. Simonid., Fgm. 4, 6f χαλεπὸν ἐσθλὸν [=ἀγαθός ln. 10] ἔμμεναι; 7 θεὸς ἂν μόνος τοῦτʼ ἔχοι γέρας); μόνος ἀ. ἐστιν ibid.; πατὴρ ἀ. 1 Cl 56:16 (Philo, Op. M. 21 ἀ. εἶναι τὸν πατέρα κ. ποιητήν); ἀ. ἐν τ. ὁρωμένοις good in the visible world 60:1.—Of Christ Mk 10:17, 18a (DomGMurray, Downside Review 103, ’85, 144–46, w. ref. to Pirke Aboth 6, 3); Lk 18:18, 19a (WWagner, ZNW 8, 1907, 143–61; FSpitta, ibid. 9, 1908, 12–20; BWarfield, PTR 12, 1914, 177–228; WCaspari, Christent. u. Wissensch. 8, ’32, 218–31.—Cp. also the saying of Pythagoras in Diog. L., Prooem. 12, who does not wish to be called σοφός because μηδένα εἶναι σοφὸν ἀλλʼ ἢ θεόν); J 7:12.—Of humans, other than Jesus Mt 12:35; Ro 5:7; D 3:8; νομοθέται B 21:4; πονηροί τε καὶ ἀ. good and bad designating a motley crowd Mt 22:10. Same contrast 5:45 (cp. Jos., Ant. 8, 314). βελτίονα ποιεῖν make better 1 Cl 19:1; βελτίω γενέσθαι become better Dg 1; kind, generous (X., Cyr. 3, 3, 4; CIG 37, 49) Mt 20:15 (in Mk 10:17f=Lk 18:18 [s. above] it is understood as kind by JWellhausen, EKlostermann, Billerb., Wagner, Spitta, Dalman [Worte 277], EHirsch [D. Werden des Mk ’41, 246]); δεσπόται benevolent 1 Pt 2:18 (cp. PLips 40 II, 19, where a slave says ὁ ἀγαθὸς δεσπότης μου). δοῦλος (Heraclitus, Ep. 9, 3 [p. 212, 4 Malherbe]) Mt 25:21, 23; Lk 19:17. ἀνήρ (Teles p. 16, 6; Diod S 20, 58, 1; Epict. 3, 24, 51 al.; PLond I, 113/1, 8 p. 201; 2 Macc 15:12; 4 Macc 4:1; Jos., Bell. 5, 413, Ant. 18, 117; JGerlach, ΑΝΗΡ ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, diss. Munich ’32) Lk 23:50; Ac 11:24; νέαι Tit 2:5. ἀπόστολοι superb 1 Cl 5:3.

β. of things characterized esp. in terms of social significance and worth, πνεῦμα Lk 11:13 v.l.; ἐντολή Ro 7:12 (Ps.-Archytas [IV B.C.] in Stob., Ecl. 4, 138, IV 85, 17 H. νόμος ἀ. καὶ καλός); ἀγγελία (Pr 25:25) Hv 3, 13, 2; παιδεία Hs 6, 3, 6; μνεία ἀ. kindly remembrance 1 Th 3:6 (2 Macc 7:20 μνήμη ἀ.); ἐλπίς dependable (Pla., Rep. 331a; Chariton 7, 5, 10; Jos., Ant. 14, 96) 2 Th 2:16; μερὶς ἀ. the better part Lk 10:42; πρᾶξις (Democr. 177 πρῆξις; Did., Gen. 69, 7) 1 Cl 30:7; συνείδησις clear Ac 23:1; 1 Ti 1:5, 19; 1 Pt 2:19 v.l.; 3:16, 21; 1 Cl 41:1; διάνοια Hm 5, 2, 7; ἐπιθυμία (Pr 11:23; 13:12) pure (i.e. directed toward pure things) desire m 12, 1, 1f; 2:4f; 3:1; γνώμη ἀ. good intention B 21:2; ἀ. ἐν Χριστῷ ἀναστροφή admirable Christian conduct 1 Pt 3:16; ἀ. θησαυρός Mt 12:35; Lk 6:45; καρδία καλὴ καὶ ἀ. 8:15; ἔργον (Thu. 5, 63, 3; PCairMasp 151, 237) a good deed 2 Cor 9:8; Col 1:10; 1 Ti 5:10; 2 Ti 2:21; 3:17; Tit 1:16; 3:1; 1 Cl 2:7; 33:1; 34:4. Pl. ἔργα ἀ. (Empedocles [V B.C.] 112, 2) 1 Ti 2:10; also specif. of benefactions (w. ἐλεημοσύναι) Ac 9:36; 1 Cl 33:7; ἐν παντὶ ἔργῳ κ. λόγῳ ἀ. (for this Hellenic formulation cp. Lk 24:19; Ac 7:22; for the simple λόγος ἀ. s. 3Km 8:56; 4 Km 20:19; Is 39:8) 2 Th 2:17; ὑπομονὴ ἔργου ἀ. persistency in doing right Ro 2:7.

ⓑ as subst., sg. (s. 1b). Opp. (τὸ) κακόν Did., Gen. 21, 5; 27, 5.

α. that which is beneficial or helpful ἐργάζεσθαι τὸ ἀ. do what is good Ro 2:10; Hm 4, 2, 2; 7:4; also specif. of benefaction Gal 6:10 and of socially acceptable work Eph 4:28; Hm 2:4; τὸ ἀ. ποιεῖν (cp. Jos., Bell. 1, 392) Ro 13:3b; Hm 8:12; cp. 6, 2, 8.—Mt 19:17a; Ro 7:13; 12:9; 16:19; 1 Th 5:15; 1 Pt 3:13; 1 Cl 21:6; 2 Cl 13:1; Hm 8:2, 7.

β. τὰ ἀ. (ἀληθινὰ ἀ. Orig., C. Cels 7, 21, 10) good deeds J 5:29; cp. Hm 10, 3, 1 (TestAbr A 9 p. 87, 28 [Stone p. 22] ἀγαθά τε καὶ πονηρά).—B. 1176. DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.

ἀκολουθέω impv. ἀκολούθει; impf. ἠκολούθουν; fut. ἀκολουθήσω; 1 aor. ἠκολούθησα; pf. ἠκολούθηκα Mk 10:28 (denom. fr. ἀκόλουθος; Thu., Aristoph.+; Did., Gen. 49, 17 restored) prim. ‘follow’.

① lit. to move behind someone in the same direction, come after abs. (Diod S 13, 75, 7) οἱ προάγοντες κ. οἱ ἀκολουθοῦντες Mt 21:9; Mk 11:9; cp. J 21:20; Ac 21:36; 1 Cor 10:4; Rv 14:8. W. dat. of pers. (X., Hell. 5, 2, 26; Herodian 6, 7, 8; PEnteux 48, 3 [III B.C.]) Mt 9:19; 26:58; Mk 14:13; Lk 22:10; J 10:4f; 11:31; IPhld 11:1; Hv 3, 8, 4; 7. ἠκολούθει τῷ Ἰησοῦ Σίμων Πέτρος κ. ἄλλος μαθητής J 18:15 (more than one subject with a verb in the sing. as Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 72 §296 ὑπερόψεταί με Λέπιδος κ. Πλάγκος).

② to follow or accompany someone who takes the lead, accompany, go along with, oft. of the crowd following Jesus ἠκολούθησαν αὐτῷ ὄχλοι πολλοί (s. ὄχλος 1a) Mt 4:25; 8:1; 12:15; 14:13; Mk 5:24; Lk 7:9; 9:11; J 6:2. μετά τινος someone (Thu. 7, 57, 9; Phryn. 353 Lob.; B-D-F §193, 1) Rv 6:8 (Lk 9:49 οὐκ ἀκολουθεῖ [sc. σοι] μεθʼ ἡμῶν is different, he does not follow as your disciple with us). For this we have Hebraistically ὀπίσω τινός (3 Km 19:20; Is 45:14; Ezk 29:16) Mt 10:38; Mk 8:34.—Of the deeds that follow one into the next world Rv 14:13 τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν ἀκολουθεῖ μετʼ αὐτῶν the record of their deeds goes with them (REB) (cp. Diod S 13, 105 νομίσαντες … ἑαυτοῖς τὴν μέμψιν ἀκολουθήσειν).

③ w. transition to the fig. mng. to follow someone as a disciple, be a disciple, follow (Diog. L. 9, 21 of Parmenides: ἀκούσας Ξενοφάνους οὐκ ἠκολούθησεν αὐτῷ; Palaeph. 2 p. 6, 16; Just., D. 8, 3 ἀνθρώποις ἀκολουθῆσαι οὐδενὸς ἀξίοις) ἀκολούθει μοι follow me = be my disciple Mt 9:9 (in Diog. L. 2, 48 Socrates stops Xenophon at their first meeting and says: “ἕπου καὶ μάνθανε”. καὶ τοὐντεῦθεν ἀκροατὴς Σωκράτους ἦν); cp. 8:19; 19:21 (Aristoxenus, Fgm. 17: Simichos the tyrant hears Pythagoras, divests himself of his kingly power, disposes of his χρήματα [Mt 19:22 v.l.], and attaches himself to him; Sextus 264a ἀφεὶς ἃ κέκτησαι ἀκολούθει τῷ ὀρθῷ λόγῳ); 27f; Mk 1:18 (on the call of a disciple directly fr. his work s. Jos., Ant. 8, 354 εὐθέως … καταλιπὼν τ. βόας ἠκολούθησεν Ἠλίᾳ … μαθητής [after 3 Km 19:20f ]); Mk 2:14; 8:34; Lk 5:11, 27f al. The transition may be observed in J 1, where ἀ. has sense 2 in vss. 37f, but sense 3 in vss. 40, 43 (OCullmann, TZ 4, ’48, 367).—TArvedson, SvTK 7, ’31, 134–61; ESchweizer, Lordship and Discipleship, ’60; ASchulz, Nachfolgen u. Nachahmen, ’62; GKilpatrick, BT 7, ’56, 5f; RThysman, L’ethique de l’imitation du Christ dans le NT: ETL 42, ’66, 138–75; TAerts, Suivre Jésus, ibid., 475–512.

④ gener. to comply with, follow, obey (Thu. 3, 38, 6 γνώμῃ; Ps.-Andoc. 4, 19; Demosth. 26, 5; CPJ II, 152 [=BGU 1079], 10f ἀκολούθει Πτολλαρίωνι πᾶσαν ὥραν; μᾶλλον ἀκολουθῶν αὐτῷ ln. 26f; 2 Macc 8:36 νόμοις; cp. Jdth 2:3.—M. Ant. 7, 31 θεῷ; Jdth 5:7 τοῖς θεοῖς. Just., A I, 3, 2 εὐσεβείᾳ καὶ φιλοσοφίᾳ) τοῖς ἔθεσιν customs Dg 5:4. τοῖς νομίμοις τ. δεσπότου obey the statutes of the Master 1 Cl 40:4. τῇ ὁδῷ τῆς ἀληθείας 35:5 (cp. TestAsh 6:1 ἀ. τῇ ἀληθείᾳ); the bishop ISm 8:1; a schismatic IPhld 3:3.—Hm 6, 2, 9.

⑤ to come after someth. else in sequence, follow, of things τῶν λοιπῶν τῶν ἀκολουθούντων πάντων all other persons and things that follow (in the parable) Hs 5, 5, 1; τινί Mk 16:17 v.l. (s. παρακολουθέω 2).—B. 699. DELG s.v. ἀκόλουθος. EDNT. M-M. TW. Sv.

ἐνδύω fut. ἐνδύσω LXX; 1 aor. ἐνέδυσα, pf. ptc. ἐνδεδυκώς LXX; plpf. inf. ἐνδεδύκειν LXX. Mid.: fut. ἐνδύσομαι LXX; 1 aor. ἐνεδυσάμην; pf. ptc. ἐνδεδυμένος (δύω ‘get into, put on’; Hom. et al.; pap, LXX; PsSol 11:7; TestJob, Test12Patr, JosAs; ApcMos 20; Philo, Joseph.; Just., A I, 52, 3 [cp. citations below under 2a]).

① act. to put clothing or apparel on someone, dress, clothe τινά someone (Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 99 §411; PGiss 77, 8; Gen 3:21; Ex 29:5; Num 20:26) ἐνδύσατε αὐτόν dress him Lk 15:22. τινὰ τι put someth. on someone (class.; Diod S 2, 27, 3; Gen 41:42; Ex 40:13; 1 Macc 10:62 al.; Just., A I, 52, 3; Mel., P. 17, 116): Mt 27:28 v.l., 31; ἐνέδυσαν αὐτὸν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ Mk 15:20; αὐτὸν ἐ. τὸ ἔνδυμα αὐτῶν clothe him w. their clothing Hs 9, 13, 2 (s. ἐνδιδύσκω).

② mid. to put any kind of thing on oneself, clothe oneself in, put on, wear τί someth.

ⓐ lit. (PsSol 11:7; TestJob 39:5; Philo, Somn. 1, 214) Mt 6:25; Lk 12:22; Ox 655, 6f (ASyn. 67, 33; cp. GTh 36); ἱμάτιον Lk 8:27; cp. Hs 9, 13, 8; 9, 15, 1; GJs 2:4. ἱματισμόν Hs 9, 13, 3. δύο χιτῶνας Mk 6:9. ἐσθῆτα βασιλικήν Ac 12:21. σάκκον B 3:2 (cp. Ps 34:13; Jon 3:5; Jos., Ant. 8, 385; 11, 256). τὰ ὅπλα Ro 13:12. τὴν πανοπλίαν put on the whole armor (Jos., Ant. 13, 309) Eph 6:11; cp. vs. 14. θώρακα πίστεως 1 Th 5:8 (cp. Wsd 5:18 [esp. the rdg. of S]; Is 59:17; TestLevi 8:2 ἔνδυσαι τὸ πέταλον τῆς πίστεως; Jos., Ant. 7, 283 θώρακα ἐνδεδυμένος; on this matter s. MDibelius, Hdb. on Eph 6:11; cp. Reader, Polemo p. 366). ἐνδεδυμένος (POxy 285, 11 [c. 50 A.D.] ἐνδεδυμένος χιτῶνα λεινοῦν; 2 Ch 5:12; Da 10:5) clothed ἔνδυμα in a garment (Zeph 1:8) AcPt 5:17; Ox 840, 27f. ἔνδυμα γάμου Mt 22:11. τρίχας καμήλου Mk 1:6. χιτῶνας Hs 9, 2, 4. βύσσινον a fine linen garment Rv 19:14. ποδήρη a long robe 1:13. λίνον καθαρόν 15:6. σύνθεσιν ἱματίων Hs 6, 1, 5; μέλανα 9, 9, 5. ῥάκη ῥυπαρά ApcPt 15:30 (δέρματα προβάτων Just., A I, 16, 13 and D. 35, 3 [for Mt 7:15 ἐν ἐνδύμασι]).—Abs. 2 Cor 5:3 v.l. (for ἐκδυσάμενοι); here it is uncertain whether an obj. is to be supplied, or whether we might transl.: when we have dressed ourselves (cp. Aristot., Anima 1, 3, 407b, 23 ψυχὴν … ἐνδύεσθαι σῶμα; Herm. Wr. 10, 18). ApcPt 6:21. Lit. on γυμνός 1b.

ⓑ metaph., very oft., of the taking on of characteristics, virtues, intentions, etc. (LXX; PGM 11a, 19 πάλιν θεὸς ἐνδύσεται τὸ ἑαυτῆς κάλλος ὅπερ ἐξεδύσατο; Iren. 1, 9, 3 [Harv. I 85, 1] τὸν σωτῆρα ἐνδύσασθαι σῶμα ψυχικόν [heretical teaching]). Esp. in the usage of Hermas, upon which the use of Lat. ‘induere’ in the same sense has prob. had its infl. (exx. in Wetstein on Lk 24:49). The mid. sense is not always clearly right; the pass. is somet. better. ἀφθαρσίαν 1 Cor 15:53f (cited in Ath., R. 71, 16). ἐξ ὕψους δύναμιν be clothed w. power fr. above Lk 24:49; cp. Hs 9, 13, 8 (cp. Ps 92:1). δόξαν ApcPt 3, 7. ἰσχύν (Is 51:9; 52:1; Pr 31:26) Hv 3, 12, 2. σπλάγχνα οἰκτιρμοῦ compassion Col 3:12. ἀκακίαν Hs 9, 29, 3. ἀλήθειαν m 11:4. ἀρετήν 1:2; Hs 6, 1, 4. ἀφροσύνην 6, 5, 3. ἐπιθυμίαν m 12, 1, 1; 12, 2, 4. ἱλαρότητα 10, 3, 1 and 4. μακροθυμίαν 5, 2, 8. πίστιν (Philo, Conf. Lingu. 31) v 4, 1, 8; m 9:7; Hs 6, 1, 2. σεμνότητα m 2:4. ὑπερηφανίαν Hs 8, 9, 1. ὁμόνοιαν 1 Cl 30:3. χάριν IPol 1:2. Note the bold figure τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν ἐ. clothe oneself in the Lord Jesus Christ (cp. Dionys. Hal. 11, 5 Ταρκύνιον ἐνδύεσθαι; Ephippus [after 323 B.C.: 126 Fgm. 5 Jac. in Athen. 12, 53, 537e]: Alex. the Great liked to put on the ἱερὰς ἐσθῆτας of the gods, and so became Ammon, Artemis, Hermes, Heracles; Artem. 3, 14 θεοῦ σκευὴν ἔχειν καὶ περικεῖσθαι of the incarnation Mel., P. 66, 468; 100, 767) Ro 13:14; cp. Gal 3:27 (s. Apuleius, Metamorph. 11 and also MDibelius, Die Isisweihe etc., Botschaft u. Geschichte 2, ’56, 30–79). Sim. Hs 9, 24, 2 says τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον ἐ., which expresses the same idea as τὸν καινὸν ἄνθρωπον put on the new (i.e. spiritual) person Eph 4:24; Col 3:10. For the fig. s. FDölger, ΙΧΘΥΣ I 1910, 116ff; WStraub, D. Bildersprache des Ap. Pls ’37, 24f, 84f.—B. 393. DELG s.v. δύω. M-M. TW.

ὁμοίωμα, ατος, τό (ὁμοιόω; Pla., Parm. 132d; 133d, Phdr. 250b; Ps.-Aristot., Int. 1, 16a, 7f; SIG 669, 52; PFay 106, 20; LXX; En 31:2; Just., D. 94, 3).

① state of having common experiences, likeness (ἐν ὁμ. τυγχάνειν ‘liken’ Theoph. Ant. 2, 16 [p. 140, 12]) οὗ (Χριστοῦ) καὶ κατὰ τὸ ὁμοίωμα ἡμᾶς … οὕτως ἐγερεῖ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ in accordance with whose likeness (=just as God raised him) his Father will also raise us in this way ITr 9:2. This is prob. the place for Ro 6:5 εἰ σύμφυτοι γεγόναμεν τῷ ὁμοιώματι τ. θανάτου αὐτοῦ if we have been united (i.e. αὐτῷ with him; cp. vs. 4 συνετάφημεν αὐτῷ) in the likeness of his death (=in the same death that he died); but s. PGächter, ZKT 54, 1930, 88–92; OKuss, D. Römerbr. I, ’63, 301. On the syntax, B-D-F §194, 2; Rob. 528. ἁμαρτάνειν ἐπὶ τῷ ὁμοιώματι τῆς παραβάσεως Ἀδάμ sin in the likeness of Adam’s transgression (=just as Adam did, who transgressed one of God’s express commands) 5:14.—Abstr. for concr. τὰ ὁμοιώματα = τὰ ὅμοια: ὸ̔ς ἃν τὰ ὁμοιώματα ποιῇ τοῖς ἔθνεσιν whoever does things similar to (the deeds of) the gentiles = acts as the gentiles do Hm 4, 1, 9. περὶ τοιούτων τινῶν ὁμοιωμάτων πονηρῶν (thoughts) about any other wicked things similar to these 4, 1, 1.—ἐν τίνι ὁμοιώματι παραβάλωμεν αὐτήν; with what corresponding thing can we compare it? Mk 4:30 v.l.

② state of being similar in appearance, image, form

ⓐ image, copy (Dt 4:16ff; 1 Km 6:5; 4 Km 16:10; 1 Macc 3:48; Just., D. 94, 3) ὁμοίωμα εἰκόνος φθαρτοῦ ἀνθρώπου (s. εἰκών 3; pleonasm as Maximus Tyr. 27, 3c εἰς μορφῆς εἶδος) Ro 1:23 (cp. Ps 105:20).

ⓑ form, appearance (schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 4, 825–31a ὁμ. κ. πρόσωπον γυναικός=figure and face of a woman; Dt 4:12; Josh 22:28; Ezk 1:16; Jos., Ant. 8, 195; Hippol., Ref. 5, 19, 20; 7, 28, 3) τὰ ὁμοιώματα τῶν ἀκρίδων ὅμοια (v.l. ὅμοιοι) ἵπποις the locusts resembled horses in appearance Rv 9:7.

③ There is no general agreement on the mng. in two related passages in which Paul uses our word in speaking of Christ’s earthly life. The expressions ἐν ὁμοιώματι ἀνθρώπων (P⁴⁶, Marcion, Orig.: ἀνθρώπου) Phil 2:7 and ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκὸς ἁμαρτίας Ro 8:3 could mean that the Lord in his earthly ministry possessed a completely human form and that his physical body was capable of sinning as human bodies are, or that he had the form of a human being and was looked upon as such (cp. En 31:2 ἐν ὁμ. w. gen.=‘similar to’, ‘looking like’; Aesop, Fab. 140 H. of Hermes ὁμοιωθεὶς ἀνθρώπῳ), but without losing his identity as a divine being even in this world. In the light of what Paul says about Jesus in general it is prob. that he uses our word to bring out both that Jesus in his earthly career was similar to sinful humans and yet not totally like them (s. JWeiss, Das Urchristentum1917, 376ff; cp. FGillman, CBQ 49, ’87, 597–604).—S. the lit. on ἁρπαγμός.—DELG s.v. ὅμοιο. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

δέω (A), imper. [ per.] 3pl.

A

δεόντων Od.12.54

codd. (v. δίδημι): [tense] fut. δήσω: [tense] aor. ἔδησα, [dialect] Ep.

δῆσα Il.21.30

: [tense] pf.

δέδεκα D.24.207

, v.l. δεδηκότας in Aeschin.2.134: [tense] plpf.

ἐδεδήκει And.4.17

(prob.):—[voice] Med., [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.

δέοντο Il.18.553

: [tense] aor.

ἐδησάμην 24.340

, al.; [dialect] Ep.[ per.] 3sg. δησάσκετο ib.15: —[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

δεθήσομαι D.24.126

,131, etc.,

δεδήσομαι Pl.R. 361e

, X.Cyr.4.3.18; δεδέσομαι f.l. in Aristid.Or.41(4).7: [tense] aor.

ἐδέθην D.24.132

, etc.: [tense] pf. δέδεμαι (v. infr.): [tense] plpf.

ἐδεδέμην And.1.48

; [dialect] Ep.

δέδετο Il.5.387

; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl.

ἐδεδέατο Hdt.1.66

, etc.—In this Verb, though a disyll., εο and εω are occas. [var] contr. τὸ δοῦν, τῷ δοῦντι, Pl.Cra. 419b, 421c;

δοῦσα Din.Fr.89.15

:—bind, tie, fetter,

δεσμῷ τινα δῆσαι Il.10.443

, etc.;

ἐνὶ δεσμῷ 5.386

, etc.; ἐν πέδαις (v.l. ἐς πέδας) Hdt.5.77;

δῆσε δ' ὀπίσσω χεῖρας.. ἱμᾶσιν Il.21.30

;

δ. τινὰ χεῖράς τε πόδας τε Od. 12.50

; δ. ἔκ τινος to bind from (i.e. to) a thing,

ἐξ ἐπιδιφριάδος ἱμᾶσι δέδεντο Il.10.475

, cf. Hdt.4.72; δῆσαί τινα ξύλῳ or ἐν ξύλῳ (cf.

ξύλον 11.2

);

ἐν κλίμακι Ar.Ra. 619

; δ. κύνα κλοιῷ tie a clog to a dog, Lex Solonisap.Plu.Sol.24, cf. E.Cyc. 234;

δ. τινὰ πρὸς φάραγγι A.Pr.15

; πρὸς κίονα, κίονι, S.Aj. 108, 240(lyr.);

δεδεμένοι πρὸς ἀλλήλους Th.4.47

; δεδέσθαι ἐν τῆ ποδοκάκκῃ Lex Solonisap.D.24.105.

2 alone, bind, keep in bonds, πῶς ἂν ἐγώ σε δέοιμι; says Hephaistos, pointing to the nets in which he had caught Ares, Od.8.352;

αὐτὸς δ' ἔδησε πατέρα A.Eu. 641

;

δήσαντες ἔχειν τινάς Th.1.30

; δησάντων αὐτὸν οἱ ἕνδεκα Lex ap.D.24.105, etc.

3 metaph., bind, enchain,

γλῶσσα δέ οἱ δέδεται Thgn.178

;

κέρδει καὶ σοφία δέδεται Pi.P.3.54

;

ψυχὰ δ. λύπῃ E.Hipp. 160

(lyr.); later, bind by spells,

τὸ στόμα AP11.138

(Lucill.), cf. Tab.Defix.96,108.

4 c. gen., hinder from a thing,

ἔδησε κελεύθου Od. 4.380

, 469.

5 Medic., harden, brace up, Hp.Off.17, etc.

II [voice] Med., bind, tie, put on oneself, ποσσὶ δ' ὑπὸ λιπαροῖσιν ἐδήσατο καλὰ πέδιλα tied them on his feet, Il.2.44, etc.:—[voice] Pass., περὶ δὲ κνήμῃσι βοείας κνημῖδας.. δέδετο he had greaves bound round his legs, Od. 24.228. (Cf. Skt. ditá 'bound', dā´ma 'bond'.)

------------------------------------

δέω (B), A.Pr. 1006, etc.: [tense] fut.

A

δεήσω Pl.R. 395e

: [tense] aor.

ἐδέησα Lys. 30.8

, [dialect] Ep. δῆσα only Il.18.100: [tense] pf.

δεδέηκα Pl.Plt. 277d

:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut.

δεήσομαι Th.1.32

, etc., [dialect] Dor.

δεοῦμαι Epich.120

; later

- ηθήσομαι LXX Jb.5.8

, Plu.2.213c, etc.: [tense] aor.

ἐδεήθην Hdt.4.84

, Ar.Pl. 986, etc.: [tense] pf.

δεδέημαι X.An.7.7.14

, Is.8.22 (the forms δεήσω, etc., compared with the [dialect] Ep. ἐδεύησα, δεύομαι, point to root δεϝ):—lack, miss, stand in need of, c. gen.,

ἐμεῖο δὲ δῆσε.. ἀλκτῆρα γενέσθαι Il.

l.c. (elsewh. Hom. uses δεύω, q.v.);

παραδείγματος τὸ παράδειγμα αὐτὸ δεδέηκεν Pl. Plt. 277d

, cf. X.Mem.4.2.10.

2 freq. in [dialect] Att., πολλοῦ δέω I want much, i.e. am far from, mostly c. inf. [tense] pres., πολλοῦ δ. ἀπολογεῖσθαι I am far from defending myself, Pl.Ap. 30d;

πολλοῦ δεῖς εἰπεῖν Id.Men. 79b

;

π. δ. ἀγνοεῖν Id.Ly. 204e

;

π. γε δέουσι μαίνεσθαι Id.Men. 92a

; also

μικροῦ ἔδεον ἐν χερσὶν εἶναι X.HG4.6.11

, cf. Men. Georg.25;

τοσούτου δέω ἱκανὸς εἶναι λέγειν ὥστε.. Lys.17.1

;

τοσούτου δέουσι μιμεῖσθαι Isoc.14.17

(also

τοσοῦτον δέω εἰδέναι Pl.Men. 71a

); παρὰ μικρὸν ἐδέησα ἀποθανεῖν v.l. in Isoc.17.42; simply

ἐδέησα κινδύνῳ περιπεσεῖν Alciphr.3.5

: abs., πολλοῦ γε δέω I am far from it, Pl.Phdr. 228a;

τοῦ παντὸς δέω A.Pr. 1006

;

παντὸς δεῖ τοιοῦτος εἶναι Pl.Sph. 221d

(impers. πολλοῦ δεῖ, etc., v. δεῖ 11.1. b): in part.,

παλαστῆς δεόντων τεττάρων ποδῶν IG12.373.8

;

μικροῦ δέοντα τέτταρα τάλαντα D.27.35

; the part. is freq. used to express numerals compounded with 8 or 9,

ἀνδράσιν ἑνὸς δέουσι τριάκοντα IG12.374.413

; δυοῖν δέοντα τεσσεράκοντα forty lacking two, thirty-eight, Hdt.1.14;

πεντήκοντα δυοῖν δέοντα ἔτη Th.2.2

; ἑνὸς δέον εἰκοστὸν ἔτος the 20t h year save one, the 19th, Id.8.6;

δυοῖν δεούσαις εἴκοσι ναυσίν X.HG1.1.5

: later, the inf. stands abs., περὶ τὰ ἑνὸς δεῖν πεντήκοντα fifty save one, Arist.Rh. 1390b11: part. in gen.,

τροφαλίδες μιᾶς δεούσης εἴκοσιν Id.HA 522a31

;

πόλεων δυοῖν δεούσαιν ἑξήκοντα D.L.5.27

;

ἑξήκοντα ἑνὸς δέοντος ἔτη Plu.Pomp.79

.

3 part. δέων, δέουσα, as Adj., fit, proper,

ὁ καιρὸς οὐκ ἔστι χρόνος δέων Arist. APr. 48b36

;

τοῖς δέουσι χρόνοις IG12(3).247.11

([place name] Anaphe); ἡ δέουσα ἑκάστων χρῆσις Hierocl.p.61 A., etc.: esp.freq.in neut., v. δέον.

4 δεῖ impers., v. h. v.

II Dep. [full] δέομαι: [var] contr.

δῆσθε Sophr.46

, part.

δεύμενος Id.36

: [tense] fut.

δεήσομαι Pl.Phlb. 53b

: [tense] aor. ἐδεήθην: always personal, and used by Hom. only in form δεύομαι (v. δεύω B):

1 abs., to be in want or need, require, mostly in part.,

κάρτα δεόμενος Hdt.8.59

; οἱ δεόμενοι the needy, opp. οἱ κεκτημένοι τὰς οὐσίας, Isoc. 6.67.

b stand in need of, want, c. gen., Hdt.1.36, etc.;

τὰ σὰ δεῖται κολαστοῦ.. ἔπη S.OT 1148

; ῥώμης τινὸς δ. ib. 1293; οὐδὲν δεῖσθαι τροφῆς have no need of.., Th.8.43; ἤν τι δέωνται βασιλέως if they have any need of him, ib.37: c. inf.,

τοῦτο ἔτι δέομαι μαθεῖν Pl.R. 392d

, cf. Euthd. 275d, etc.; τὰ πράττεσθαι δεόμενα things needing to be done, X.Cyr.2.3.3;

τὰ δεόμενα

necessaries,

IG2.573.4

; ἐπισκευάσαι τὰ δεόμενα parts needing repair, ib.22.1176.15;

τὸ δεόμενον

the point threatened,

Plb.15.15.7

; δεῖται impers., v. δεῖ.

2 beg a thing from a person, c. dupl. gen. rei et pers.,

τῶν ἐδέετο σφέων Hdt. 3.157

, cf. Th.1.32, etc.;

μή μου δεηθῇς. ΘΗ. πράγματος ποίου; S.OC 1170

: freq. with neut. Pron. in acc.,

τοῦτο ὑμῶν δέομαι Pl.Ap. 17c

, cf. Smp. 173e, etc.: c. acc. cogn., δέημα, or oftener δέησιν, δεῖσθαί τινος, Ar.Ach. 1059, Aeschin.2.43, etc.: also c. acc. rei only, ξύμφορα

δ. Th.1.32

;

δυνατά τινος Pl.Prt. 335e

;

δίκαια καὶ μέτρια ὑμῶν D.38.2

;

διαπράξωμαι ἃ δέομαι X.An.2.3.29

: with gen. pers. only, δεηθεὶς ὑμῶν having begged a favour of you, D.21.108: c.gen.pers. et inf.,

ἐδέετο τοῦ δήμου φυλακῆς πρὸς αὐτοῦ κυρῆσαι Hdt.1.59

, cf. Pl.Prt. 336a, etc.;

δ. τινὸς ὥστε.. Th.1.119

;

ὅπως.. Plu.Ant.84

: rarely c. acc. pers.,

ἐδέοντο Βοιωτοὺς ὅπως παραδώσουσι Th.5.36

: parenthetic,

δέομαι

I pray,

LXXGe.44.18

.

------------------------------------

δέω (C),

A = δήω (A), Alc.102.

μετέωρος, ον, [dialect] Ep. [full] μετήορος (q.v.), ([etym.] ἀείρω)

A raised from off the ground,

τάφον ἑωυτῇ κατεσκευάσατο μ. Hdt.1.187

;

σκέλεα δὲ.. κατακρέμαται μ. Id.4.72

;

μ. ἐξεκόμισαν τὰς ἁμάξας X.An.1.5.8

; πῆχυς μ. an arm hanging (without support from a bandage), Hp.Fract.7; μ. αἰωρηθῆναι, of a man, Id.Art.70: freq. of anatomical structures, unsupported, Gal.2.469, al.; τὰ μ. οἰκήματα, opp. τὰ ὑπόγαια, Hdt.2.148; -ότερος.. τῶν σαύρων raised higher than.., above.., of the chamaeleon, Arist.HA 503a21; of high ground,

τῶν χωρίωντὰ-ότατα Th.4.32

; ἀπὸ τοῦ μ. ib. 128, cf. D.55.29 ([comp] Comp.); χωρία νέμεσθαι -ότερα, opp. ἑλώδη, Arist.HA 596b4;

τὰ -ότατα μέρη Protagorid.4

; κατὰ τὸ μ. τοῦ ποταμοῦ as one looks up the river, Paus.8.30.2.

2 on the surface,

ἀπὸ τοῦ -οτάτου IG22.1668.8

: hence, prominent, of eyes, X.Cyn.4.1; of roots, running along the ground, opp. βαθύρριζος, Thphr.HP3.10.3, CP1.3.4, 5.9.8; ἀλγήματα μ. superficial pains, Hp.Aph.6.7;

τομαί Id.Loc.Hom.13

; πνεῦμα μ. shallow, not deep, Id.Epid.3.1.ζ, Gal.7.946; - ότερον ἄσθμα more rapid breathing, Phld.Ir.p.27 W.; also μ. ὀχετοί open, surface drains, Arist.Ath.50.2, OGl483.62 (Pergam., ii B.C.).

II = μετάρσιος, in mid-air, high in air,

ἀνακινῆσαί τινα μ. Hdt.4.94

;

ἆραί τινα μ. Ar.Eq. 1362

;

μ. αἴρεσθαι Id. Pax80

; Ἀήρ, ὃς ἔχεις τὴν γῆν μ. poised on high, Id.Nu. 264;

ἀφικνεῖ μ. ὑπ' αὔρας Cratin. 207

; τὰ μ. χωρία the regions of air, Ar.Av. 818, cf. 690; κρεμασθεὶς καὶ βλέπων μ. looking into mid-air, Pl.Tht. 175d; of birds,

μ. ἀεὶ μένειν ἀδύνατον Arist.IA 714a21

; of fish,

μ. πέτεσθαι Id.HA 535b28

; μ. νεῖν swim near the surface, ib. 602b22; τὰ μ. things in the heaven above, astronomical phenomena, Hp.VM1; οὐ γὰρ ἄν ποτε ἐξηῦρον ὀρθῶς τὰ μ. πράγματα, says Socrates, Ar.Nu. 228, cf. 1284; τὰ μ. φροντιστής, of Socrates, Pl.Ap. 18b;

ἀλαζονεύεται περὶ τῶν μ. Eup.146b

;

τὰ μ. καὶ τὰ ὑπὸ γῆς Pl.Ap. 23d

, cf. Epicur.Ep.1p.27U., etc.: [comp] Comp., οἶσθα -ότερόν τι τῶν θεῶν; X.Smp.6.7. Adv. -ως Philostr.VA4.21.

2 on the high sea, of ships,

καθορῶσι τὰς.. ναῦς μ. Th.1.48

;

αἱ δὲ μ. ὥρμουν Id.4.26

;

μίαν ναῦν ἀπολλύασι μ. Id.8.10

; of persons,

ὅσοι μὴ μ. ἑάλωσαν Id.7.71

;

μ. πλεῖν Str.2.3.4

.

3 of a horse, high-stepping,

πομπικῷ καὶ μ. καὶ λαμπρῷ ἵππῳ X.Eq.11.1

.

4 generally, unsettled, fermenting, undigested,

μ. καὶ ἄπεπτα καὶ ἄκρητα Hp.VM19

; inflated,

ὑποχόνδρια Id.Aph.4.73

.

III metaph., of the mind, buoyed up, in suspense,

Ἑλλὰς ἅπασα μετέωρος ἦν Th.2.8

;

μετεώρῳ <τῇ> πόλει κινδυνεύειν Id.6.10

;

μ. ταῖς διανοίαις Plb.3.107.6

, etc.; μ. ταῖς ἐπιβολαῖς ἐπὶ πόλεμον eager for.., Id.5.101.2;

πρὸς ἐλπίδας Id.5.62.1

; ἐπί τινος or τινι, Luc.Dem.Enc.28, Merc.Cond.15;

μ. πορεύῃ εἰς Ἀθήνας Arr.Epict.3.24.75

, cf. Jul.Or.3.122d; haughty, puffed up, Plb.3.82.2, LXX 2 Ki.22.28;

γαῦρος καὶ μ. Luc.Nigr.5

; μετέωρε 'proud one', AP5.20 (Rufin.); of style, inflated, opp. ὑψηλός (sublime), Longin.3.2: also in good sense, τὸ μ. καὶ πομπικόν (cf. 11.3) elevation of style, D.H.Is.19.

2 of conditions, uncertain,

τῶν πραγμάτων ὄντων μ. D.19.122

;

ὁπηνίκα ἂν τὰ τῆς βασιλείας μ. ᾖ Hdn. 2.12.4

; unsettled,

χρόνος μ. καὶ κινδυνώδης Heph.Astr.2.28

, cf. 33. Adv. - ρως

, ἔχειν Plu.Cim.13

.

3 of contracts, transactions, suits, etc., in suspense, pending,

δικαστήριον τὸ διαλῦσον τὰ μ. συμβόλαια Supp.Epigr.1.363.9

(Samos, iii B.C.);

μ. οἰκονομίαι POxy.238.1

(i A.D.), cf.PFay.116.12 (ii A.D.);

δίκη Jul.Mis. 368a

; μετέωρα, τά, unfinished business, PRyl.144.10 (i A.D.).

4 unsecured, of debts,

οἱ τὰ μ. ἐγγυώμενοι SIG364.42

,46 (Ephesus, iii B. C.).

5 of persons, thoughtless, absent-minded, 'distrait', Cic.Att.15.14.4, 16.5.3 ([comp] Comp.), Gal.15.910; fickle,

κοῦφοί τε καὶ μ. Ti.Locr.104e

. Adv. - ρως Vett. Val.166.4.

πρόκειμαι, used as [voice] Pass. of προτίθημι,

A to be set before one, ὀνείαθ' ἑτοῖμα προκείμενα the meats laid ready, Il.9.91, al.; π. δαίς, δεῖπνον, Hdt.1.211, 5.105;

τὰ π. ἀγαθά Id.9.82

; ἄρτοι προκείμενοι shew-bread, LXX Ex.39.18 (36); τράπεζα π. ib.38.9 (37.10).

2 lie exposed,

ὁρέω παιδίον προκείμενον Hdt.1.111

; of a tuft of wool, S.Tr. 702; ἄτιμος ὧδε πρόκειμαι, says Ajax of himself, Id.Aj. 427 (lyr.), cf. E.Tr. 1179;

νομίζετε τὸν παῖδα τουτονὶ ἱκετηρίαν ὑμῖν προκεῖσθαι D.43.83

; esp. lie dead, A.Th. 964 (lyr.), S.Aj. 1059; προκείμενον νέκυν laid out for burial, E.Alc. 1012, cf. S.Ant. 1101, Ar.Ec. 537, Av. 474, Antipho 6.34, Luc.Luct.12; opp. ἐξενεχθείς, Lys.Fr.23 (also, to be buried first, IGRom.4.735 ([place name] Eumenia), MAMA4.357 (ibid., iii A.D.)): metaph., πρὸς ὕβριν π. to be exposed to.., D.S.33.15 (dub.l.).

3 to be set before competitors, as the prize of a contest,

τοῖσι.. προὔκειτο μέγας τρίπος Hes.Sc. 312

: hence,

b metaph., to be set before one, proposed, γνῶμαι τρεῖς προεκέατο three opinions were set forth, Hdt.3.83, cf. 7.16.

α'; τοσούτων πέρι σκέψις πρόκειτα Pl.R. 533e

, cf. Phdr. 237c; π. τῷ συμβουλεύοντι σκοπὸς τὸ συμφέρον is proposed as a mark, Arist. Rh. 1362a17; ἡ προκειμένη ξυμμαγία the alliance which naturally offers, Th.1.35; freq. of contests,

πόνος τε καὶ ἀγὼν ἔσχατος ψυχῇ π. Pl.Phdr. 247b

, cf.La. 182a;

καταγέλαστον.., ὃ πάλαι πρόκειται, τοῦτο πάλιν προτιθέναι Id.Euthd. 279d

; to be extant,

προοίμια π. Id.Lg. 722e

; freq. in part., ὁ προκείμενος ἄεθλος the task set, Hdt.1.126, 4.10, cf. A.Pr. 259, 755;

ἀγῶνος μεγίστου π. Hdt.9.60

;

ἆθλα π. Lys.1.47

, X.Cyr.2.3.2, etc.;

τὸν π. πόνον E.Alc. 1149

;

ἔχειν ἔργον π. Pl.R. 407a

; τὰ προκείμενα, opp. μέλλοντα, S.Ant. 1334, cf. E.Rh. 984; so

ξυμφορᾶς προκειμένης Id.Alc. 551

; τὸ π. ἐν τῷ λόγῳ or τὸ π., the question under discussion, Pl.Grg. 457d, La. 184c, etc.; τὸ π. πρῆγμα the matter in hand, Hdt. 1.207: impers., περὶ σωτηρίας προκειμένου when the question is concerning safety, Ar.Ec. 401;

πρόκειται ἡμῖν ζητεῖν Luc.Par.54

, cf. D.H. Rh.7.5.

4 to be set forth, settled, prescribed, appointed,

ἔργων ὧν νόμοι πρόκεινται S.OT 865

(lyr.);

π. σημήϊα Hdt.2.38

; αἱ προκείμεναι ἡμέραι the prescribed days, ib.87;

ὀγδώκοντα ἔτεα ξόης πλήρωμα ἀνδρὶ προκεῖσθαι Id.3.22

;

ἀναγκαίη π. Id.1.11

; τὸ θανεῖν.. πᾶσι πρόκειται prob. in IG12(1).146 ([place name] Rhodes); of laws,

νόμους ὑπερβαίνουσα τοὺς π. S.Ant. 481

; of punishments,

στέρεσθαι κρατὸς ἦν προκείμενον A.Pers. 371

;

φόνον π. δημόλευστον S.Ant.36

;

πολλῶν [ἁμαρτημάτων] θανάτου ζημίαι π. Th.3.45

.

5 to be first stated,

οὐ πρόκειται τοῦ λόγου τὸ τί ἐστιν Arist.Top. 142b24

.

II lie before, lie in front of, c. gen.,

Αἴγυπτος προκειμένη τῆς ἐχομένης γῆς

projecting further than,

Hdt.2.12

, cf. 4.99; ᾗ (ᾧ codd.) προὔκειτο μαστῶν περονίς where was set a brooch before her breasts, S.Tr. 925;

πρὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων π. τὰ παραφράγματα Pl.R. 514b

;

Ἐφέσου τεὰ τόξα πρόκειται Call.Dian. 258

;

οἱ προκείμενοι τῶν στοῶν πύργοι Plb.1.48.2

: abs., of a cape, island, etc.,

ἐν τῇ θαλάττῃ π. χωρίον X.An.6.4.3

;

τὰ προκείμενα τῆς χώρας ὄρη Id.Mem. 3.5.27

;

παρὰ ἤπειρον νῆσος π. Id.Ath.2.13

, etc.

2 bulge, project,

ἡ γαστὴρ πρόκειται Hp.Mul.1.3

.

III precede, γράμμα π. an initial letter, AP11.426; ἐν τοῖς π. in the preceding pages, A.D.Synt. 138.4; ὡς πρόκειται ib.32.17, freq. in Pap., POxy.271.15 (i A. D.), etc.; προκείμενον a preceding word, A.D.Pron.39.25, al.; χρόνος ὁ προκείμενος date as above, PTeb.397.34 (ii A. D.); τοῦ π. ἔτους in the aforesaid year, PAmh.50.11 (ii B.C.);

ἡ π. βοτάνη

above-mentioned,

PMag.Par.1.779

, cf. Gal.12.455 (but οἱ π. θεοί represented on this monument, OGI663.2 (Egypt, i A. D.)).

2 τὸ π. αὐτοῦ μόριον from which it is derived (ὥς from ὅς), A.D.Adv.171.8.

σφεῖς,

A FORMS: nom.

σφεῖς Hdt.7.168

, Th.5.46,65, X.An. 7.5.9, HG5.2.8, Pl.R. 487c:—the uncontr, form σφέες is never found, cf. A.D.Pron.93.1, though recognized by Greg.Cor.p.479 S.:—the obl. cases only are used by Hom.

2 Gen. σφέων, in Hom. a monosyll., and sts. enclitic, Il.18.311, Od.3.134; poet. σφείων only in Il., and always in phrase ὦσαν ἀπὸ σφείων, 4.535, 5.626, 13.148; σφέων also in Hdt.2.4, 4.35, al.; [dialect] Att.

σφῶν IG12.39.67

, al., Th.1.120, al., Antipho 6.23, etc., also in Hom. in the phrase σφῶν αὐτῶν, Il.12.155, 19.302.

3 Dat. σφίσι ([etym.] ν ) or σφισι ([etym.] ν) 4.2, 17.453, 22.288, 474, A. Pr. 481, Hdt.1.4, al., Th.1.19, al., X.HG1.7.5, etc.; more freq. in the forms σφι, σφιν, Il.2.612, 614, al., A.Pr. 254, al., Hdt.1.31, al. (not in [dialect] Att. Prose); in Trag. never σφι; sts. elided σφ', Il.3.300, 8.4, etc.; σφιν also in [dialect] Dor. Prose, SIG56.48 (Argos, v B.C.), IG22.1126.25 (Delph. Amphict., iv B.C.), Schwyzer 92.5 (Argos, iii B.C.), Anon. in PSI9.1091.21:— σφίσι ([etym.] ν) is not enclitic acc. to A.D.Pron.98.12, sts. enclitic acc. to Hdn.Gr.2.42 (who says elsewh. (2.57 ) that pronouns beginning with σφ- are always enclitic); σφι ([etym.] ν) is enclitic, exc. at the beginning of a phrase, as

σφὶν δ' αὐτοῖς Hes.Fr.49

(cited by A.D.Pron.98.11).

4 Acc., [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. σφέᾰς (enclit. σφεας) Hom. (v. infr.), Archil.27.2, Hdt.1.4,5, al.; freq. to be pronounced as one long syllable, as in

οὐ μέν σφεας ἔτ' ἔολπα Od.8.315

, cf. 480, 13.213, 276; but also as a disyll., Il.12.43, Od.12.225, al.; σφᾰς enclit. in Il.5.567, Parm.1.12, Theoc.21.16, not enclit. in Opp.C.1.471, H.2.231; [dialect] Att.

σφᾶς IG12.101.3

, Th.1.24, E.Med. 1378, Or. 1127, etc.; enclit. σφας [ᾱ, cf. S.Ant. 128 (anap.)] S.OT 1470, 1508, OC 486; also σφε Il.19.265, Simon.99, Pi.P.5.86, A.Th. 630 (lyr.), 788 (lyr.), 864 (anap.), S.OT 1505, OC 605, 1669, E.Med. 394, etc.; never in Com. (for Ar.Eq. 1020 is a burlesque oracle), nor in [dialect] Att. Prose; once in Hdt. (7.170, sed leg. σφέας): neut. σφεα (v. infr. 111).

II Rare dialectic forms:—[dialect] Lacon. dat. φιν, EM702.41; used also by Emp.22.3, Call.Dian. 125, 213, Fr. 183, Nic.Th. 725: [dialect] Aeol. dat. and acc. ἄσφι, ἄσφε, Sapph.43, Alc.73: Syrac. dat. and acc. ψιν, ψε, Sophr.93,94, Theoc.4.3; ψε and ψεαυτόνς also Cretan, Rendic.Pont. Accad.Rom. di Arch.7.106, Riv.Fil.58(1930).473; Cret. dat.

ψιναυτοῖς Riv.Ist.Arch.2.19

: Arc. dat. σφεις IG5(2).6.10, 18 ([place name] Tegea).-- For the dual v. σφωέ: like other pl. forms σφε can be used with reference to two persons, Il.11.111, Od.8.271, 21.192, 206; so σφεας, Il.11.128.

III Gender:—in Hom. this Pron. has no neut.; in Od.9.70, 10.355, it refers to things, denoted by feminine nouns: but in [dialect] Ion. Prose occurs the neut. pl. σφεα, Hdt.1.46,89, 2.119, 3.53 ( σφε codd.), 7.50, Abyd.9; σφε is acc. pl. neut. in Theoc.15.80.

B MEANINGS:

I they, them, pl. of οὗ B.I,

ἐκ γάρ σφεων φρένας εἵλετο Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη Il.18.311

;

τῶ σφεων πολέες κακὸν οἶτον ἐπέσπον Od.3.134

;

μετὰ δέ σφισι πότνια Ἥβη νέκταρ ἐῳνοχόει Il.4.2

;

οὔ σφι θαλάσσια ἔργα μεμήλει 2.614

;

ἐγώ σφισιν ἔδειξα κράσεις ἠπίων ἀκεσμάτων A.Pr. 481

, cf. 443, 457, S.OT 1470, al., E.Med. 1378; this use is not found in Prose, exc. in dialects, SIG56.48 (Argos, v B.C.), IG22.1126.25 (Delph. Amphict., iv B.C.), Hdt.1.3, 2.15, al.

b παρὰ δέ σφιν ἑκάστῳ δίζυγες ἵπποι ἑστᾶσι beside each of them, Il.5.195.

2 reflexively, as pl. of

οὗ B. 11.1

,

ὦσαν ἀπὸ σφείων 4.535

, al.;

αἵ ἑ μετὰ σφίσιν εἶχον 22.474

, cf. Th.2.76; later with the same restriction as for

οὗ B. 11.1

, e.g.

φράζοντες ὡς οὔ σφι περιοπτέη ἐστὶ ἡ Ἑλλὰς ἀπολλυμένη· ἢν γὰρ σφαλῇ, σφεῖς γε οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἢ δουλεύσουσι τῇ πρώτῃ τῶν ἡμερέων Hdt.7.168

, cf. Th.5.46,65, X.An.7.5.9, HG5.2.8, Pl.R. 487c.

3 oblique cases in combination with αὐτῶν, αὐτούς, etc., forming a reflex. Pron. used without the foreg. restriction,

ἐντὸς δὲ πυκάζοιεν σφέας αὐτούς Od.12.225

;

σφῶν δ' αὐτῶν κήδε' ἑκάστη Il.19.302

, cf. 12.155;

σφᾶς δ' αὐτάς Hes.Th.34

;

Κερκυραῖοι σφῶν αὐτῶν τοὺς ἐχθροὺς δοκοῦντας εἶναι ἐφόνευον Th.3.81

, cf. 1.139, al.; it sts. = ἀλλήλους ([etym.] - ων)

, ἀλλήλοις κοτέοντες ἐπὶ σφέας ὁρμήσωσι Hes.Sc. 403

;

ποθεινοτέρως σφῶν αὐτῶν ἔχειν X.Lac.1.5

; σφᾶς ( σφὰς cod. L) αὐτοὺς.. ἐπέφραδον informed one another, A.R.2.959; but σφᾶς ἑωυτάς is prob. f.l. in Hp.Epid.2.1.3: cf. Thom.Mag.p.329 R.

II as sg., = him, her, in the dat. and acc. forms σφι (ν), σφε; σφιν is so used in h.Pan.19, h.Hom.30.9, A.Pers. 759, S.OC 1490 (in Od.15.524 σφιν refers to all the suitors, and in Hes.Sc. 113 to Ares and Cycnus); σφι in Lyc.1242; σφε = him, her, in Pi.I.6(5).74, A.Pr.9, Th. 469, al., S.OT 761, Ant.44, Ph. 200 (anap.), al., E.Alc. 107 (lyr.), 149, 200, Med.33, al.; = it (of a masc. noun) in S.OC40: f.l. for σφεα in Hdt.3.52,53, and for σφεας Id.1.71, al.

III once as 2 pers. pl. reflex.,

ἠνώγει δέ μ' ἰόντα.. πυθέσθαι ἠὲ.. ἦ.. φύξιν βουλεύοιτε μετὰ σφίσιν Il.10.398

(reported from φύξιν βουλεύουσι μετὰ σφίσιν ib. 311); σφέας for ὑμᾶς in Hdt.3.71 (but with v.l. σφεα).

IV later as 1 pers. pl. (cf. σφέτερος, σφωΐτερος, ἑός)

, ἧμιν ἐνὶ σφίσι A.R.2.1278

; σφᾶς = ἡμᾶς, Men.Prot.p.119 D.; censured by Luc.Sol.8,9.

τίω, Il.9.238, etc.; [dialect] Ep. inf.

A

τιέμεν Od.15.543

: [tense] impf.

ἔτιον Il.5.467

, etc.; [dialect] Ep. τῖον ib. 536, 18.81; Trag.

τίον A.Th. 775

(lyr.); [dialect] Ion.

τίεσκον Il.13.461

: [tense] fut.

τίσω 9.142

, τείσω Philic. in Stud.Ital.9.46 (iii B.C.): [tense] aor.

ἔτισα Il.1.244

, 9.118, al.; poet.

τῖσα Supp.Epigr.3.553

(Thrace, v. A.D.):—[voice] Med., Hes.Th. 428:—[voice] Pass., [dialect] Ion. [tense] impf.

τιέσκετο Il.4.46

; part.

τῑεσκόμενοι IGRom.4.360.12

(Pergam.): [tense] pf. τέτιμαι, part. τετιμένος (v. infr.). [In [tense] pres. and [tense] impf. Hom. uses both [pron. full] ῑ (sts. even in thesi before a long syll., Od.14.84, 22.414 ) and [pron. full] ῐ, e.g.

τῐέσκετο Il.4.46

, τῐω ib. 257, 9.378 (but τῑω ib. 238, al.); τειόμενοι is written in Keil-Premerstein Erster Bericht p.9 ([place name] Troketta); always short in Trag.: in [tense] fut., [tense] aor., and [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. [pron. full] ῑ always, v. fin.]:— poet. Verb, used like τιμάω, honour, revere, of the bearing of men towards gods, οὐδέ τι τίει ἀνέρας οὔδε θεούς (sc. Ἕκτωρ) Il.9.238; ὅτε με βροτοὶ οὔ τι τίουσιν, says Poseidon, Od.13.129, etc.; also of the gods towards men, ὃν ἀθάνατοί περ ἔτισαν (sc. Ἀχιλλέα) Il.9.110, cf. 1.508;

ὁ πόντιος Ὀρσοτρίαινά νιν περίαλλα βροτῶν τίεν Pi.Pae.9.48

(so in [voice] Med.,

Ζεὺς τίεται αὐτήν Hes.

l.c.); but more freq. of the respect paid by men to other men, kings, friends, guests, etc.,

ὅν τ' ἶσον ἐτίομεν Ἕκτορι δίῳ Il.5.467

, cf. 9.142; οἵ σε θεὸν ὣς τίσους' ib. 303; ἶσον γάρ σε θεῷ τίσουσιν Ἀχαιοί ib. 603;

ὁ δέ μιν τίεν ἶσα τέκεσσι 13.176

, cf. 15.439;

ὃν Τρῶες ὁμῶς Πριάμοιο τέκεσσι τῖον 5.536

;

ἄριστον Ἀχαιῶν οὐδὲν ἔτισας 1.244

; οὐδέ με τυτθὸν ἔτισεν ib. 354;

τ. ξεῖνον Od.15.543

;

τ. τινὰ φιλότητι Il.9.631

; opp. ἀτιμάω, ib. 110, Od. 16.306, 20.132; also of things, θεοὶ δίκην τίουσι they honour right, 14.84:—[voice] Pass.,

θεὸς δ' ὣς τίετο δήμῳ Il.5.78

, etc.;

τιοίμην δ' ὡς τίετ' Ἀθηναίη 8.540

, 13.827;

τάων μοι περὶ κῆρι τιέσκετο Ἴλιος ἱρή 4.46

: esp. [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass. τετιμένος honoured, of persons,

οὔτε θεοῖσι τετιμένος οὔτε βροτοῖσιν 24.533

, cf. Hes.Th. 415; λαοῖσι τ. Od.13.28, etc.:—also in Trag. (never in S.), but only [tense] pres. and [tense] impf. in this sense, the other tenses being supplied from

τιμάω, πόλις.. δαίμονας τίει A.Th.77

;

θεοὺς αἰεὶ τίοιεν.. βουθύτοισι τιμαῖς Id.Supp. 705

(lyr.);

Ἑρμᾶν.. τίομεν Id.Fr. 273

(hex.);

τὸν θεὸν μεῖζον τίουσα τῆς ἐμῆς ἔχθρας E.Heracl. 1013

; of persons,

ὅσον τότ' Οἰδίπουν τίον A.Th. 775

(lyr.);

τίειν γυναῖκα Id.Ag. 259

; of things, τ. νίκην, βρότεα, ib. 942, Eu. 171 (lyr.); μέλος τ. honour (i.e. sing) the strain, Id.Ag. 706 (lyr.):— [voice] Pass., τίεσθαι δ' ἀξιώτατος βροτῶν ib. 531.

II = τιμάω 11, value, rate, τὸν δὲ [τρίποδα] δυωδεκάβοιον.. τῖον Ἀχαιοί they valued it at twelve steers' worth, Il.23.703; τίον δέ ἑ τεσσαράβοιον valued her at four steers' worth, ib. 705; τίω δέ μιν ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ (v. κάρ) 9.378; λόγων τείσομεν ἔργα κρείσσω Philic. l.c. (Root τῑ-, cf. τῑ-μή, πολύ-τῑ-τος: I.-E. q[uglide]ī- (full grade q[uglide]ēy-) 'revere, honour', cf. Skt. cāyati 'respect', cāyús 'showing respect': not cogn. with τίνω or τίνυμαι ([etym.] τείνυμαι): the [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. τίσω ἔτισα are so written in codd. whether they belong to τίω or to τίνω; this spelling is wrong for the [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. of τίνω (q.v.), but may be right for the [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. of τίω, if τείσομεν in Philic. l.c. is an error; the pr. names beginning with Τεις- may all be derived fr. τίνω.)

------------------------------------

τίω, [full] τίως, [dialect] Dor. forms for σοῦ,

A v. σύ. [full] τλάθυμος, v. τλήθυμος. [full] τλαιπᾰθής, ές, = τληπαθής, Hsch. [full] τλάμων, v. τλήμων. [full] τλᾱσίφρων, v. τλησίφρων.

τύμπᾰνον, τό, also in the form [full] τύπανον (q.v.): ([etym.] τύπτω):—

A kettledrum, such as was used esp. in the worship of the Mother Goddess and Dionysus, Hdt.4.76, E.HF 892; τυμπάνων ἀλαλαγμοί, ἀράγματα, Id.Cyc.65 (lyr.), 205; τύμπανα, Ῥέας τε μητρὸς ἐμά θ' εὑρήματα, says Dionysus, Id.Ba.59, cf. 156 (lyr.), IG42(1).131.9, 10 (Epid.); in Corybantic rites, Ar.V. 119; τ. ἀράσσειν, ῥήσσειν, AP6.217 (Simon.), 7.485 (Diosc.);

καταυλήσει χρῆται καὶ τυμπάνοις Sor.2.29

.

2 metaph., τύμπανον φυσᾶν, of inflated eloquence, AP13.21 (Theodorid.).

II name of some instrument of torture of execution, Ar. Pl. 476 (

ξύλα ἐφ' οἷς [ἐν οἷς Suid.

] ἐτυμπάνιζον· ἐχρῶντο γὰρ ταύτῃ τῇ τιμωρίᾳ· ἢ βάκλα, παρὰ τὸ τύπτειν Sch.);

τινῶν μὲν εἰς δεσμωτήριον, τινῶν δὲ ἐπὶ τύμπανον ἀπαγομένων S.E.M.2.30

;

τοὺς ἐκ τυμπάνου καὶ τοὺς ἀνεσκολοπισμένους Luc.Cat.6

;

ἐπὶ τὸ τ. προσῆγε LXX 2 Ma.6.19

, cf.28; cf. τύπανον.

2 = tumix, sirimpio (dub. sens.), Gloss.

3 cudgel,

τὰς πολλὰς ἐπὶ τοῦ νώτου διὰ τῶν τ. πληγάς Dam.Isid. 185

; so perh. in LXX ll. cc.

III in a machine, drum, Hero Bel.86, cf. Orib. 49.4.43; in Verg.G.2.444, tympana are wagon-wheels made of a solid piece of wood, rollers; similarly perh. in PLond.1821.204, possibly of the wheel of an irrigating machine: cf. τυμπάνιον.

IV Archit., the sunken triangular space enclosed by the cornice of the pediment, Lat. tympanum fastigii, Vitr.4.7.5; the square panel of a door, Id.4.6.4.

ἄλλος, η, ο, Cypr.[full] αἶλος Inscr.Cypr.135 H. ([place name] Idalion): (from ἀλ

A yος, cf. Lat. alius):— another, i. e. one besides what has been mentioned, either Adj. or Pron.: when Adj., its Subst. is either in the same case, or in gen.,

Ζεῦ ἄλλοι τε θεοί Il.6.476

;

θεῶν ἄ. 16.446

:—ἄ. μέν.. ἄ. δέ .. one.. another.., more rarely the one.. the other.. (of two persons, etc.), Il.22.493, etc.; τὰ μέν.. ἄλλα δέ .. Il.6.147, and [dialect] Att.; ἕτερον μέν.. ἄλλον δέ .. Il.9.313; ἄλλο μέν.. ἑτέρου δέ .. Hdt.1.32;

θάτερον.. τὸ δ' ἄλλο E.IT 962

.

II with τις, any other,

οὐδέ τις ἄ. ἔγνω ἀλλ' ἄρα Κασσάνδρη Il.24.697

;

ἄ. τις Hdt. 3.85

; οὐδεὶς ἄ. no other, ibid.;

ἄλλα πολλά Il.9.639

;

πολλὰ καὶ ἄλλα Th.3.56

; for

εἴ τις ἄλλος Id.6.32

, etc., and

εἴ τις καὶ ἄ. X.An.1.4.15

, etc., v. εἰ.

2 freq. with another of its own cases or derived Adverbs, ἄ. ἄλλα λέγει one man says one thing, one another, X.An.2.1.15;

ἄ. ἄλλω' ἔλεγεν Pl.Smp. 220c

;

ἄ. ἄλλῃ ἐτράπετο X.An. 4.8.19

; v. ἄλλοθεν, ἄλλοσε, ἄλλοτε; also with Verb in pl.,

παραλαμβάνων ἄ. ἄλλον ἐπ' ἄλλου, τὸν δ' ἐπ' ἄλλου χρείᾳ.. ἐθέμεθα πόλιν ὄνομα Pl.R. 369c

, cf. X.Cyr.2.1.4, etc.: pl., ἄλλοι when the several parties are pl.,

λείπουσι τὸν λόφον.. ἄλλοι ἄλλοθεν X.An.1.10.13

.

3 ἄ. καὶ ἄ., one and then another, one or two, X.An.1.5.12; ἄλλο καὶ ἄλλο one thing after another, Id.Cyr.4.1.15; πρὸς ἄλλὡ καὶ ἄλλὡ σημείὡ to different points, Euc.1.7.

4 repeated for emphasis, ἄ. ἄ. τρόπος quite another sort, E.Ph. 132.

5 οὐδ' ἄ. for οὐδέτερος, Theoc.6.45.

6 with Art., ὁ ἄλλος, the rest, all besides; in pl., οἱ ἄλλοι ([dialect] Ion. [var] contr. ὧλλοι) all the others, the rest, freq. from Hom. downwards ( ἄλλοι in same signf., Il.2.1); τὰ ἄλλα, [var] contr. τἆλλα, all else,

τἆλλα πλὴν ὁ χρυσός Scol. 1

(Pytherm.); in [dialect] Att. freq. as Adv., for the rest, esp. in amendments to decrees, τὰ μὲν ἄλλα καθάπερ ὁ δεῖνα κτλ. IG1.27a70, etc.: of Time, = τὸν ἄλλον χρόνον, X.HG3.2.2; ὁ ἄ. χρόνος, = ὁ λοιπὸς χρόνος, of the future, Lys. 14.4 (but also of the past, D.20.16); τῇ ἄλλῃ ἡμέρᾳ, τῷ ἄλλῳ ἔτει, next day, next year, X.HG1.1.13, 1.2.1; οἵτε ἄλλοι καί .. all others and especially..,

γυναῖκας ἄλλας τε πολλὰς καὶ δὴκαὶ βασιλέος θυγατέρα Hdt.1.1

, etc.; ἄλλα τε δὴ εἶπε, καί .. Pl.Tht. 142c; (v.

ἄλλως 1

):— τὸ ἄλλο is much less freq. than τὰ ἄλλα.

7 with Numerals, yet, still, further,

τρίτον ἄ. γένος Hes.Op. 143

; πέμπτος ποταμὸς ἄ. yet a fifth river, Hdt.4.54, cf. A.Th. 486, S.Ant. 1295, etc.

8 in enumerations, as well, besides, ἅμα τῇγε καὶ ἀμφίπολοι κίον ἄλλαι with her their mistress came attendants also, Od.6.84;

μήτηρ ἠδὲ πατὴρ ἠδ' ἄλλοι πάντες ἑταῖροι 9.367

; οὐ γὰρ ἦν χόρτος οὐδὲ ἄ. δένδρον οὐδέν there was no grass nor any tree at all, X.An.1.5.5;

πολιτῶν καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ξένων Pl.Grg. 473d

; προσοφλὼν οὐ τὴν ἐπωβελίαν μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄλλην ὕβριν besides, Aeschin.1.163:—pleonastic,

παρ' ἀγγέλων ἄλλων ἀκούειν S.OT7

, cf. X.Cyr.1.6.2;

ἰδὼν ἐς πλησίον ἄλλον Il.4.81

;

γυναικῶν τῶν ἄλλων μία E.Med. 945

;

μόνη τῶν ἄλλων ἐπιστημῶν Pl.Chrm. 166e

; with [comp] Comp., freq. in Hom.,

οὔτις σεῖο νεώτερος ἄ. Ἀχαιῶν Il.15.569

, cf. 22.106, al.; with [comp] Sup.,

ὀϊζυρώτατος ἄλλων Od. 5.105

.