-
1 ἵστημι
ἵστημι (Hom.+, ins, pap [Mayser 353]; LXX [Thackeray 247f]; pseudepigr., Philo, Joseph., apolog. exc. Ar.) and also ἱστάνω (since I B.C. SIG 1104, 26 ἱστανόμενος; pap [Mayser, loc. cit., with ἀνθιστάνω documented here as early as III B.C.]; Epict. 3, 12, 2; LXX [Ezk 17:14; Thackeray, loc. cit.]; later wr. in Psaltes 236) Ro 3:31; Hs 8, 1, 10 (s. Whittaker on 8, 1, 8; s. B-D-F §93; Mlt-H. 202). Fut. στήσω; 1 aor. ἔστησα; 2 aor. ἔστην, impv. στῆθι, inf. στῆναι, ptc. στάς; pf. ἕστηκα ( I stand), ptc. ἑστηκώς, ός and ἑστώς En 12:3; JosAs 7:2; J 12:29,-ῶσα J 8:9 v.l., neut. ἑστώς Rv 14:1 v.l. (s. B-D-F §96; W-S. §14, 5; Mlt-H. 222) and ἑστός, inf. always ἑστάναι; plpf. εἱστήκειν ( I stood) or ἱστήκειν GPt 2:3, third pl. εἱστήκεισαν Mt 12:46; J 18:18; Ac 9:7; Rv 7:11 (W-H. spell it ἱστ. everywhere); ἑστάκαμεν w. act. mng. 1 Macc 11:34; fut. mid. στήσομαι Rv 18:15. Pass.: 1 fut. σταθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐστάθην (PEg2 65). S. στήκω. Trans.: A. Intr.: B, C, D.A. trans. (pres., impf., fut., 1 aor. act.; s. B-D-F §97, 1; Mlt-H. 241) gener. ‘put, place, set’.① to cause to be in a place or position, set, place, bring, allow to come τινά someone, lit. ἐν τῷ συνεδρίῳ Ac 5:27. εἰς αὐτούς before them 22:30. ἐκ δεξιῶν τινος at someone’s right (hand) Mt 25:33. ἐν μέσῳ in the midst, among 18:2; Mk 9:36; J 8:3. ἐνώπιόν τινος before someone Ac 6:6. Also κατενώπιόν τινος Jd 24. ἐπί τι upon someth. Mt 4:5; Lk 4:9. παρά τινι beside someone 9:47.② to propose someone for an obligation, put forward, propose, lit. (e.g. Just., A I, 60, 3 Μωυσέα … τύπον σταυροῦ … στῆσαι ἐπὶ τῇ ἁγίᾳ σκηνῇ) τινά for a certain purpose: the candidates for election to the apostleship Ac 1:23. μάρτυρας ψευδεῖς 6:13 (cp. Mel., P. 93, 700 ψευδομάρτυρες).③ to set up or put into force, establish, fig. ext. of 1 (cp. Gen 26:3 τὸν ὅρκον; Ex 6:4) τὴν ἰδίαν δικαιοσύνην Ro 10:3. τὸ δεύτερον (opp. ἀναιρεῖν τὸ πρῶτον, a ref. to sacrificial system) Hb 10:9.—Of legal enforcement κύριε, μὴ στήσῃς αὐτοῖς ταύτην τ. ἁμαρτίαν Lord, do not hold this sin against them Ac 7:60 (contrast ἀφίημι 1 Macc 13:38f; 15:5; Stephen’s expression=ἄφες Lk 23:34; s. Beginn. IV, ad loc.).④ to validate someth. that is in force or in practice, reinforce validity of, uphold, maintain, validate τὶ someth. fig. ext. of 1 (1 Macc 2:27 τὴν διαθήκην) τὴν παράδοσιν ὑμῶν validate or maintain your own tradition Mk 7:9. νόμον ἱστάνομεν we uphold (the) law Ro 3:31 (s. καταργέω 2).⑤ to cause to be steadfast, make someone stand δυνατεῖ ὁ κύριος στῆσαι αὐτόν Ro 14:4.ⓐ set/fix a time a period of time ἡμέραν (s. ἡμέρα 3a) Ac 17:31.ⓑ determine a monetary amount οἱ δὲ ἔστησαν αὐτῷ τριάκοντα ἀργύρια Mt 26:15 (=Zech 11:12 ἔστησαν τὸν μισθόν μου τριάκοντα ἀργύρους), presents a special problem for interpreters because of the author’s theological and narrative interests, which prompt him to connect an allusion here to Zech 11:12 in anticipation of a fulfillment statement at Mt 27:9f, which in haggadic fashion draws on Zech 11:13 in the longer form of the Mt and Jer 32 (Mt 39):7–9 (s. JDoeve, Jewish Hermeneutics in the Synoptic Gospels and Acts, ’54, 185–87). Jer 39:9 and Zech 11:12 use the verb ἱ. in the sense weigh out on scales (Hom.; X., Cyr. 8, 2, 21, Mem. 1, 1, 9 al.; GDI p. 870, n49 A [Ephesus VI B.C.] 40 minas ἐστάθησαν; Is 46:6; Jer 39:9; 2 Esdr 8:25), and some (e.g. BWeiss, HHoltzmann, JWeiss; FSchulthess, ZNW 21, 1922, 227f; Field, Notes 19f) interpret Mt 26:15 in this sense. Of course Mt’s readers would know that coinage of their time was not ‘weighed out’ and would understand ἱ. in the sense of striking a bargain (ἵστημι=set a price, make an offer, close a bargain: Herodas 7, 68 pair of shoes; BGU 1116, 8 [I B.C.]; 912, 25 [I A.D.]; PRainer 206, 10 [II A.D.] κεφάλαιον), they set out (=offered, allowed) for him (=paid him) 30 silver coins (Wlh., OHoltzmann, Schniewind), but the more sophisticated among them would readily recognize the obsolete mng. Ac 7:60 is sometimes interpreted in a related sense, but the absence of a direct object of amount paid suggests that the pass. is better placed in 3 above.B. intr., aor. and fut. forms① to desist from movement and be in a stationary position, stand still, stop (Hom., Aristot.; Philostrat., Ep. 36, 2 ὁ ποταμὸς στήσεται; TestSol 7:3 οὕτως ἔστη ἡ αὔρα) Lk 24:17. στὰς ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐφώνησεν αὐτούς Mt 20:32.—Mk 10:49; Lk 7:14; 17:12; 18:40. στῆναι τὸ ἅρμα Ac 8:38. ἀπὸ μακρόθεν ἔστησαν Rv 18:17; cp. vs. 15. ἔστησαν ἐν τῷ τόπῳ τοῦ σπηλαίου GJs 19:2. ἔστη ἐπὶ τόπου πεδινοῦ he took his stand on a level place Lk 6:17. Of a star ἐστάθη ἐπάνω οὗ ἦν τὸ παιδίον Mt 2:9; also ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν τοῦ παιδίου GJs 21:3. Of a flow of blood come to an end ἔστη ἡ ῥύσις τ. αἵματος Lk 8:44 (cp. Ex 4:25 [though HKosmala, Vetus Test. 12, ’62, 28 renders it as an emphatic εἶναι] Heraclid. Pont., Fgm. 49 W.; POxy 1088, 21 [I A.D.]; Cyranides p. 117 note γυναικὶ … αἷμα ἵστημι παραχρῆμα). στῆθι stand Js 2:3. ἡ χεὶρ αὐτοῦ ἔστη ἄνω his hand remained (motionless) upraised GJs 18:3 (not pap).② to come up in the presence of others, come up, stand, appear ἔμπροσθέν τινος before someone Mt 27:11; Lk 21:36. Also ἐνώπιόν τινος Ac 10:30; GJs 11:2 (κατενώπιον TestSol 22:13; Just., D. 127, 3) or ἐπί τινος: σταθήσεσθε you will have to appear Mt 10:18 v.l.; Mk 13:9; ἐπί τοῦ παλατίου AcPl Ha 9, 20. στῆθι εἰς τὸ μέσον Lk 6:8; cp. vs. 8b; J 20:19, 26 (Vi. Aesopi I c. 6 p. 243, 15 Αἴσωπος στὰς εἰς τὸ μέσον ἀνέκραξεν). Also ἐν μέσῳ Lk 24:36; Ac 17:22; Ox 1 verso, 11 (s. Unknown Sayings, 69–71). ἔστη εἰς τὸ κριτήριον she stood before the court GJs 15:2. Cp. J 21:4; Rv 12:18; Lk 7:38. Step up or stand to say someth. or make a speech Lk 18:11. Cp. 19:8; Ac 2:14; 5:20; 11:13 al. ἔστησαν … προσδοκῶντες τὸν Ζαχαρίαν they stood waiting for Z. GJs 24:1. Pract. in the sense of the pf. δυνάμενοι … ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ στῆναι (the cult images) which could not remain standing AcPl Ha 1, 20 (cp. ἵστατο δένδρον κυπάρισσος TestAbr A 3 p. 79, 17 [Stone p. 6]; ὁ τόπος ἐν ᾧ ἱστάμεθα GrBar 6:13).③ to stand up against, resist, w. πρὸς and acc. offer resistance (Thu. 5, 104) Eph 6:11; abs. resist (Ex 14:13) vs. 13. (Cp. the term στάσις in the sense of ‘rebellion’.)④ stand firm so as to remain stable, stand firm, hold one’s ground (Ps 35:13) in battle (X., An. 1, 10, 1) Eph 6:14. σταθήσεται will stand firm Ro 14:4a. τίς δύναται σταθῆναι; Rv 6:17. εἰς ἣν στῆτε stand fast in it (Goodsp., Probs. 198) 1 Pt:12. Of house, city, or kingdom Mt 12:25f; Mk 3:24f; Lk 11:18. Cp. Mk 3:26. The OT expr. (Dt 19:15) ἵνα ἐπὶ στόματος δύο μαρτύρων ἢ τριῶν σταθῇ πᾶν ῥῆμα Mt 18:16; 2 Cor 13:1.⑤ come to a standing position, stand up ἐπὶ τοὺς πόδας on one’s feet (Ezk 2:1) Ac 26:16; Rv 11:11. Abs. Ac 3:8.C. intr., perf. and plupf.① to be in a standing position, I stand, I stood of bodily position, e.g. of a speaker J 7:37; Ac 5:25, of hearers J 12:29 or spectators Mt 27:47; Lk 23:35; Ac 1:11, of accusers Lk 23:10. Cp. J 18:5, 16, 18ab, 25; 19:25; Ac 16:9 al.② to be at a place, stand (there), be (there), w. the emphasis less on ‘standing’ than on ‘being, existing’.ⓐ position indicated by adv. of place ἔξω Mt 12:46f; Lk 8:20; 13:25. μακρόθεν Lk 18:13. ἀπὸ μακρόθεν at a distance 23:49; Rv 18:10. ἐκεῖ Mk 11:5. ὅπου 13:14. ὧδε Mt 16:28; 20:6b. αὐτοῦ Lk 9:27; ἀπέναντι AcPl Ha 3, 30.ⓑ w. place indicated by a prep. ἐκ δεξιῶν τινος at the right (hand) of someone or someth. Lk 1:11; Ac 7:55f (HOwen, NTS 1, ’54/55, 224–26). ἐν αὐτοῖς among them Ac 24:21; w. ἐν and dat. of place Mt 20:3; 24:15; J 11:56; Rv 19:17. ἐν μέσῳ J 8:9 v.l. μέσος ὑμῶν 1:26 (v.l. στήκει). ἐπί w. gen. (X., Cyr. 3, 3, 66; Apollodorus [II B.C.]: 244 Fgm. 209 Jac. ἐπὶ τ. θύρας) Ac 5:23; 21:40; 24:20; 25:10; Rv 10:5, 8; AcPl Ha 7, 37; w. dat. Ac 7:33; w. acc. Mt 13:2; Rv 3:20; 7:1; 14:1; 15:2; GJs 5:2 (ἕστηκας codd., ἔστης pap). παρά w. acc. of place Lk 5:1f. πέραν τῆς θαλάσσης J 6:22. πρό w. gen. of place Ac 12:14. πρός w. dat. of place J 20:11. σύν τινι Ac 4:14. μετά τινος AcPl Ha 11, 3. κύκλῳ τινός around someth. Rv 7:11. W. ἐνώπιον (functioning as prep.) ἐνώπιόν τινος Rv 7:9; 11:4; 12:4; 20:12.ⓒ abs. (Epict. 4, 1, 88 ἑστῶσα of the citadel, simply standing there; Tat. 26, 2 παρατρέχοντας μὲν ὑμᾶς, ἑστῶτα δὲ τὸν αἰῶνα) Mt 26:73; J 1:35; 3:29; 20:14; Ac 22:25. τὰ πρόβατα εἱστήκει the sheep stood still GJs 18:2 (not pap). The verb standing alone in the sense stand around idle (Eur., Iph. Aul. 861; Aristoph., Av. 206, Eccl. 852; Herodas 4, 44) Mt 20:6a. ἀργός can be added (Aristoph., Eccl. 879f, Pax 256 ἕστηκας ἀργός) vs. 6a v.l., 6b (w. the question cp. Eubulus Com., Fgm. 15, 1 K. τί ἕστηκας ἐν πύλαις; Herodas 5, 40). W. modifying words (Pla., Phdr. 275d ἕστηκε ὡς ζῶντα τὰ ἔκγονα) εἱστήκεισαν ἐνεοί they stood there speechless Ac 9:7. ὡς ἐσφαγμένον Rv 5:6. cp. Ac 26:6. εἱστήκει ἀπεκδεχόμενος AcPl Ant 13, 22 (=Aa I, 237, 5).③ to stand in attendance on someone, attend upon, be the servant of Rv 8:2 (RCharles, Rv ICC vol. 1, p. 225).④ stand firm in belief, stand firm of personal commitment in gener. (opp. πεσεῖν), fig. ext. of 1, 1 Cor 10:12; 2 Cl 2:6. τ. πίστει ἕστηκας you stand firm because of your faith Ro 11:20; cp. 2 Cor 1:24. ὸ̔ς ἕστηκεν ἐν τ. καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ ἑδραῖος one who stands firm in his heart 1 Cor 7:37. ὁ θεμέλιος ἕστηκεν the foundation stands (unshaken) 2 Ti 2:19 (Stob. 4, 41, 60 [vol. V, p. 945]: Apelles, when he was asked why he represented Tyche [Fortune] in a sitting position, answered οὐχ ἕστηκεν γάρ=because she can’t stand, i.e. has no stability; Hierocles 11, 441 ἑστῶτος τοῦ νόμου=since the law stands firm [unchanged]; Procop. Soph., Ep. 47 μηδὲν ἑστηκὸς κ. ἀκίνητον; 75).⑤ to be in a condition or state, stand or be in someth., fig. ext. of 1; grace (Hierocles 12, 446 ἐν ἀρετῇ) Ro 5:2; within the scope of the gospel 1 Cor 15:1; in truth J 8:44.D. intr., pres. mid. to have a beginning, begin, calendaric expression (as old as Hom.) μὴν ἱστάμενος the month just beginning (oft. ins) MPol 21—B. 835. DELG. M-M. TW. -
2 ἵστημι
ἵστημι (cf. ἱστάω, ἱστάνω),I causal, make to stand, imper.ἵστη Il.21.313
, E.Supp. 1230,καθ-ίστα Il.9.202
: [tense] impf. ἵστην, [dialect] Ep.ἵστασκε Od.19.574
; [ per.] 3pl.ἵσταν B.10.112
: [tense] fut. στήσω, [dialect] Dor.στᾱσῶ Theoc.5.54
: [tense] aor. 1 ἔστησα, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl. ἔστᾰσαν for ἔστησαν dub. in Od.18.307, 3.182, 8.435, al. (v. ἔστᾰσαν): hence, in late Poets, ἔστᾰσας, ἔστᾰσε, AP9.714,708 (Phil.): [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Med. ἐστησάμην (never intr.), v. infr.A.111.2, 3: [tense] pf.ἕστᾰκα Cerc.3
, ([etym.] καθ-) Hyp.Eux.28, UPZ 112.5 (ii B.C.), ([etym.] περι-) Pl.Ax. 370d, ([etym.] ἀφ-) LXXJe.16.5, ([etym.] παρ-) Phld.Rh. 1.9S., al., ([etym.] συν-) S.E.M.7.109; also ἕστηκα (v. infr.) in trans. sense, ([etym.] δι-) Arist.Vent. 973a18, ([etym.] ἀφ-) v.l. in LXX l.c.; ἑστακεῖα trans. in Test.Epict.1.25.II intr., stand,1 [voice] Act., [tense] aor. 2 ἔστην, [dialect] Ep.στάσκον Il.3.217
; [ per.] 3pl. ἔστησαν, more freq. in Hom. ἔσταν, στάν [ᾰ]; imper. στῆθι, [dialect] Dor.στᾶθι Sapph.29
, Theoc.23.38; subj. στῶ, [dialect] Ep. 2 and [ per.] 3sg. στήῃς, στήῃ (for στῇς, στῇ), Il.17.30, 5.598; [ per.] 1pl. στέωμεν (as disyll.) 22.231,στείομεν 15.297
; opt. σταῖεν, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl.σταίησαν 17.733
; inf. στῆναι, [dialect] Ep.στήμεναι 17.167
, Od.5.414, [dialect] Dor.στᾶμεν Pi.P.4.2
; part. στάς: [tense] pf. ἕστηκα: [tense] plpf. ἑστήκειν, sts. with strengthd. augm. εἱστήκειν, as E.HF 925, Ar.Av. 513, Th.1.89, etc.; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3sg.ἑστήκεε Hdt. 7.152
:—from Hom. downwds. the shorter dual and pl. forms of the [tense] pf. are preferred, ἕστᾰτον, ἕστᾰμεν, ἕστᾰτε, ἑστᾶσι (IG12(8).356 (Thasos, vi B.C.), etc.), in Hdt. ἑστέᾱσι; imper.ἕστᾰθι Aristomen. 5
; subj. ἑστῶ; opt. ἑσταίην; inf. ἑστάναι, [dialect] Ep. ἑστάμεν, ἑστάμεναι ( ἑστηκέναι only late, as Ael.VH3.18); part. ἑστώς ( ἑστηκώς rare in early Gr., Hdt.2.126, Pl.Men. 93d, Lg. 802c, Arist. (infr. B.11.2), Alex.126.16,εἱστηκότα IG12.374.179
), fem. ἑστῶσα (not ἑστυῖα; but συνεστηκυιῶν prob. in Hp.Aër.10), neut. , Tht. 183e, SIG 1234 ([place name] Lycia), etc., ([etym.] καθ-) POxy.68.32 (ii A.D.), ([etym.] ἐν-) PRyl. 98 (a).10 (ii A.D.), ([etym.] παρ-) Ar.Eq. 564 (- ώς freq. v.l. as in Pl. and Ar. ll.cc., preferred by Choerob.in Theod.2.313); gen. ἑστῶτος; [dialect] Ion. ἑστεώς, ἑστεός, ῶτος; [dialect] Ep. ; dat. pl. ἑστηῶσι cj. in Antim.16.5, cf. Call.Dian. 134; Hom. does not use the nom., but has gen. ἑστᾰότος, acc. ἑστᾰότα, nom. pl. ἑστᾰότες, as if from ἑσταώς: so also [tense] plpf. ἑστάτην, ἕστᾰμεν, ἕστᾰτε, ἕστᾰσαν: late [tense] pres. ἑστήκω, formed from [tense] pf., Posidipp. ap. Ath.10.412e: hence, [tense] fut.ἑστήξω Hom. Epigr.15.14
, X.Cyr.6.2.17, Hegesipp.1.25,ἑστήξομαι X.Cyn.10.9
codd.2 [voice] Pass., ἵσταμαι: imper. , , Ar.Ec. 737: [tense] impf. ἱστάμην: [tense] fut.στᾰθήσομαι And.3.34
, Aeschin. 3.103: more freq.στήσομαι Il.20.90
, etc.: [tense] aor.ἐστάθην Od.17.463
, etc.; rarely ἔστην, [dialect] Dor. [ per.] 3sg. (Argos, v B.C.): [tense] pf. ἕσταμαι ([etym.] δι-) v.l. in Pl.Ti. 81d, κατεστέαται v.l. in Hdt.1.196. (From I.-E. sthā-, cf. Skt. sthā- ([tense] aor. á-sthā-t), Lat. stare, etc.; Gr. redupl. [tense] pres. and [tense] pf. fr. si-sthā-, se-sthā-.)A Causal, make to stand, set up,πελέκεας ἑξείης Od.19.574
; ἔγχος μέν ῥ' ἔστησε φέρων πρὸς κίονα he set it against the pillar, 1.127, cf. Il. 15.126; ἱ. ἱστόν set up the loom, or raise the mast (v.ἱστός 1
and 11); κρητῆρας στήσασθαι to have bowls set up, Od.2.431; θεοῖς.. κρητῆρα στήσασθαι in honour of the gods, Il.6.528; στῆσαί τινα ὀρθόν, στ. ὀρθὰν καρδίαν, Pi.P.3.53,96;ὀρθῷ στ. ἐπὶ σφυρῷ Id.I.7(6).13
;ἐς ὀρθὸν ἱ. τινά E.Supp. 1230
; ;ὀρθὸν οὖς ἵστησιν S.El.27
; στῆσαι λόγχας, for battle, Id.Ant. 145(lyr.); esp. raise buildings, statues, trophies, etc.,ἱ. ἀνδριάντα Hdt.2.110
; ;τροπαῖον ἱ. τῶν πολεμίων Isoc.4.150
, cf.IG22.1457.26;τροπαῖον στησάμενοι X.HG2.4.7
; ;τὰ μακρὰ στῆσαι τείχη Th.1.69
; ἱ. τινὰ χαλκοῦν set him up in brass, raise a brazen statue to him, D.13.21, 19.261 (so in [tense] pf., stand,οὗτος ἕστηκε λίθινος Hdt.2.141
:—[voice] Pass.,σφυρήλατος ἐν Ὀλυμπία στάθητι Pl.Phdr. 236b
;σταθῆναι χαλκοῦς Arist.Rh. 1410a33
).II set, place, of things or persons,τρίποδ' ἔστασαν ἐν πυρί Od.8.435
, etc.; , etc.; fix,τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς εἰς τὴν γῆν Philostr.VA1.10
; esp. set men in order or array,πεζοὺς δ' ἐξόπιθε στῆσεν Il.4.298
, cf. 2.525, etc.;στῆσαί τινας τελευταίους X. Cyr.6.3.25
, etc.III bring to a standstill, stay, check,λαὸν δὲ στῆσον Il.6.433
; νέας, ἵππους, ἡμιόνους στῆσαι, Od.3.182, Il.5.755, 24.350; μύλην στῆσαι to stop the mill, Od.20.111; στῆσεν ἄρ' (sc. ἡμιόνους) 7.4; στῆσε δ' ἐν Ἀμνισῷ (sc. νῆα) 19.188;βᾶριν Iamb.Myst.6.5
; στῆσαι τὴν φάλαγγα halt it, X.Cyr.7.1.5;ἵστησι ῥοῦν Pl.Cra. 437b
, etc.; ἵ. τὴν ψυχὴν ἐπὶ τοῖς πράγμασιν ib. 437a; στ. τὰ ὄμματα fix them, of a dying man, Id.Phd. 118; στ. τὸ πρόσωπον compose the countenance, X.Cyr.1.3.9;στήσαντες ἐπὶ τούτων τὴν διήγησιν Plb. 3.2.6
: esp. in Medic.,ἵ. κοιλίαν Dsc.1.20
; τὰς κοιλίας Philotim. ap. Orib.4.10.1;αἱμορραγίας Dsc.1.129
: abs., Arist.HA 605a29:—[voice] Med.,ἱστάμενος τῷ νοσήματι Hp.Ep.19
( Hermes 53.65).2 set on foot, stir up,κονίης.. ἱστᾶσιν ὀμίχλην Il.13.336
;ἵστη δὲ μέγα κῦμα 21.313
;νεφέλην ἔστησε Κρονίων Od.12.405
, cf. Il.5.523; of battle, etc., φυλόπιδα στήσειν stir up strife, Od.11.314;ἔριν στήσαντες 16.292
(so intr. φύλοπις ἕστηκε the fray is on foot, Il.18.172):—also in [voice] Med., στησάμενοι δ' ἐμάχοντο ib. 533, Od.9.54;πολέμους ἵστασθαι Hdt.7.9
.β', 175, 236; soἱστάναι βοήν A.Ch. 885
; ([voice] Pass., θόρυβος ἵσταται βοῆς arises, S.Ph. 1263); also of passions and states of mind, μῆνιν, ἐλπίδα στῆσαι, Id.OT 699, E.IA 788(lyr.).3 set up, appoint,τινὰ βασιλέα Hdt.1.97
; , cf. OC 1041, Ant. 666:—[voice] Med.,ἐστάσαντο τύραννον Alc.37
A;φύλακας στησόμεθα Pl.R. 484d
:—[voice] Pass.,ὁ ὑπὸ Δαρείου σταθεὶς ὕπαρχος Hdt.7.105
, cf. IG 9(1).32.23 (Stiris, ii B.C.).4 establish, institute, χορούς, παννυχίδα, Hdt.3.48, 4.76 (soστήσασθαι ἤθεά τε καὶ νόμους Id.2.35
; ); στῆσαι χορόν, Ὀλυμπιάδα, ἑορτάν, Pi.P.9.114, O.2.3, 10(11).58;κτερίσματα S.El. 433
;χορούς B.10.112
, D.21.51; οὐχ ὑγιῶς ἱστάμενος λόγον setting up a bad argument, Anon.Lond.26.34:—[voice] Pass.,ἀγορὴ ἵσταταί τινι Hdt.6.58
.5 = Lat. statuere, determine,γνῶναι καὶ στῆσαι D.H.8.68
;διαγεινώσκειν καὶ ἱστάναι Not. Arch.4.21
(Aug.):—[voice] Pass.,τὰ ὑπό τινος σταθέντα OGI665.27
(Egypt, i A.D.); τὰ ἑσταμένα Wilcken Chr.167.27 (ii B.C.).6 fix by agreement,ὁ σταθεὶς τόκος PGrenf.1.31.1
(i B.C.), cf. PFlor.14.11 (iv A.D.);τὸ ἑσταμένον ἐνοίκιον BGU253.15
(iii A.D.).IV place in the balance, weigh, Il.19.247, 22.350, 24.232, Ar.V.40; [ ἐκπώματα] Thphr.Char.18.7;ἀριθμοῦντες καὶ μετροῦντες καὶ ἱστάντες X.Cyr.8.2.21
, etc.; ἱστάναι τι πρὸς ἀργύριον weigh a thing against silver, Hdt.2.65; ἀγαθὸς ἱστάναι good at weighing, Pl.Prt. 356b; τὸ ἐγγὺς καὶ τὸ πόρρω στήσας ἐν τῷ ζυγῷ ibid., cf. Lys.10.18; ἐπὶ τὸ ἱστάναι ἐλθεῖν have recourse to the scales, Pl.Euthphr.7c:—[voice] Pass.,ἵστασθαι ἐπὶ ζυγοῦ Arr.Epict.1.29.15
; weighed,IG
11(2).161B113 (Delos, iii B.C.).B [voice] Pass. and intr. tenses of [voice] Act., to be set or placed, stand, Hom. etc., ἀγχοῦ, ἆσσον, Il.2.172, 23.97;ἄντα τινός 17.30
;ἐς μέσσον Od.17.447
;σταθεὶς ἐς μέσον Hdt.3.130
; ἀντίοι ἔσταν, ἐναντίοι ἔστησαν, Il.1.535, Od.10.391: prov. of critical circumstances,ἐπὶ ξυροῦ ἵσταται ἀκμῆς Il.10.173
: freq. merely a stronger form of εἶναι, to be in a certain place or state, , etc.; ἑστάτω for ἔστω, S.Aj. 1084; τὰ νῦν ἑστῶτα,= τὰ νῦν, Id.Tr. 1271 (anap.);ἐμοὶ δ' ἄχος ἕστᾱκεν Id.Aj. 200
(lyr.): with Adv., ξυμφορᾶς ἵν' ἕσταμεν, ἵν' ἕστ. χρείας, in what case or need we are, Id.Tr. 1145, OT 1442; ποῦ τύχης ἕστηκεν; Id.Aj. 102; later also ἀδίκως, ὀρθῶς, εὐλαβῶς ἵστασθαι, behave wrongly, etc., Plb.18.3.2, 33.6.3, 18.33.4.2 take up an intellectual attitude,ὡς ἵστασθαι δεῖ περὶ χρημάτων κτήσεως Phld.Oec.p.38J.
; οὐκ ὀρθῶς ἵ. Id.Rh.1.53S.3 in pregnant sense,στῆναι ἐς.. Hdt.9.21
;στ. ἐς δίκην E.IT 962
;στ. παρά τινα Il.24.169
(but οἱ μὴ στάντες παρὰ τὰ δεινά those who did not face the danger, D.H.9.28): c. acc. loci, τί τοῦτ' αἰθερίαν ἕστηκε πέτραν; E.Supp. 987 (lyr.);στῆτε τόνδε τρίβον Id.Or. 1251
:c. acc. cogn., ποίαν μ' ἀνάστασιν δοκεῖς.. στῆναι; S.Ph. 277.II stand still, halt,ἀλλ' ἄγε δὴ στέωμεν Il.11.348
, cf. Od.6.211, 10.97; opp. φεύγω, 6.199, etc.; stand idle, Il.4.243, al.; ἑστάναι to be stationary, opp. κινεῖσθαι, Pl.R. 436c, etc.;κατὰ χώρην ἑστάναι Hdt.4.97
; οὐ μὴν ἐνταῦθ' ἕστηκε τὸ πρᾶγμα does not rest here, D.21.102, cf. 10.36; ἐὰν ἡ κοιλία στῇ if the bowels are constipated, Arist.HA 588a8: c. part.,οὐ στήσεται ἀδικῶν D.10.10
; come to a stop, rest satisfied,ἄν τις ὀρθῶς ἐπιβάλῃ, ἔπειτα σταθῇ Epicur. Fr. 423
;οὐχ ἱστάμενοι Plot.3.1.2
: impers., ἵσταται there is a stop, one comes to a stop, Arist.APr. 43a37, al.;οὐκ ἔστη ἐνταῦθα κακοῖς γενομένοις ἀποθανεῖν Plot.3.2.8
; alsoἵστασθαι μέχρι τοῦ γένους Them.in APo. 55.8
,al.2 metaph., stand firm, X.HG5.2.23;τῇ διανοίᾳ Plb.21.11.3
; of arguments or propositions, hold good, Phld.Rh.1.83, 2.192 S.: part., ἑστηκώς fixed, stable, Arist.GA 776a35, EN 1104a4, Metaph. 1047a15; (Delph., ii B.C.);λογισμὸς ἑστὼς καὶ νουνεχής Plb.3.105.9
;τέχναι οὐκ ἔχουσαι τὸ ἑστηκός, ἀλλὰ τὸ στοχαστικόν Phld.Rh.1.71S.
(so Adv. ἑστηκότως, opp. στοχαστικῶς, ib.70S.), cf. Iamb.Protr.21.κ'; χρεία ἑστηκυῖα καὶ τεταγμένη Plb.6.25.10
; ἑστηκότα θεωρήματα, ἑστηκότες σκοποί, Phld.Rh.1.2S., Po.5.22; of age,ἑστηκυῖα ἡλικία Pl.Lg. 802c
; τιμαὶ ἑστηκυῖαι fixed prices, PTeb.ined.703.177.III to be set up or upright, stand up, rise up,κρημνοὶ ἕστασαν Il.12.55
;ὀρθαὶ τρίχες ἔσταν 24.359
, cf. A.Th. 564(lyr.), Pl. Ion 535c, etc.;κονίη ἵστατο Il.2.151
;ἵστατο κῦμα 21.240
; of a horse, ἵστασθαι ὀρθός to rear, Hdt.5.111; ἵστασθαι βάθρων from the steps, S.OT 143.2 to be set up, erected, or built,στήλη, ἥ τ' ἐπὶ τύμβῳ ἑστήκῃ Il.17.435
;ἕστακε τροπαῖον A. Th. 954
(lyr.); , etc.; v. supr. A.11.3 generally, arise, begin,ἵστατο νεῖκος Il.13.333
; cf. A. 111.2.4 in marking Time, ἔαρος νέον ἱσταμένοιο when spring is not long begun, Od.19.519; ἕβδομος ἑστήκει μείς the seventh month was begun, Il. 19.117; τοῦ μὲν φθίνοντος μηνός, τοῦ δ' ἱσταμένοιο as one month ends and the next begins, Od.14.162, cf. Hes.Op. 780; later μὴν ἱστάμενος, μεσῶν, φθίνων, first in Hdt.6.57, 106, cf. And.1.121, Aeschin.3.67;σχεδὸν ἤδη μεσημβρία ἵσταται Pl.Phdr. 242a
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3 συνίστημι
συν-ίστημι: only perf. part. πολέμοιο συνεσταότος, having arisen, Il. 14.96†.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > συνίστημι
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4 ἱστάνω
ἱστάνω, later collat. form of ἵστημι, first in inf. ἱστάνειν, ([etym.] ἀνθ-) PPetr.2p.120 (iii B.C.), ([etym.] καθ-) Michel 1006.22 (Teos, ii B.C.), ([etym.] συν-) Plb.3.108.4, ([etym.] ἀποκαθ-) Ascl.Tact.10.9, cf. Dsc.4.43, etc.; cf.Aἱστάναι Ἀττικοί, ἱστάνειν Ἕλληνες Moer.200
; part. ([etym.] ἐφ) ιστάνοντες Plb.11.2.5;τὸ ἱστάνον Simp.in Ph.1257.34
: ind. ἱστάνει Philistio ap.Ath.3.115e,ἱστάνομεν Ep.Rom.3.31
, ([etym.] παρ) ιστάνουσι Phld.Rh.1.266S., etc.: [tense] impf. ([etym.] συν) ίστανον Plb.4.5.6, ([etym.] δι-) App.Hisp.36, etc.:—[voice] Pass.,ἱστανόμενος IG22.1343.26
(i B.C.):—introduced by the copyists into Lys. 25.3, Is.2.29, etc. -
5 ἑστία
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `hearth, fireplace, altar', metaph.. `house, family etc.' (Od.), also with beginning of a personification as goddess of the hearth (h. Hom., Hes. Th. 454 etc.); later identified with Lat. Vesta (Str.).Compounds: As 1. member e. g. in ἑστι-οῦχος `containing the hearth' = `domestic', `protecting the hearth' (trag. etc.); as 2. member in ἐφ-έστιος, Ion. ἐπ-ίστιος `on the hearth, belonging to...' (Β 125), ἀν-έστιος `without hearth' (Ι 63), συν-, ὁμ-έστιος etc.; on Att. - έστιος in Homer Wackernagel Unt. 9ff., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 15; diff. Solmsen Wortforsch. 214.Derivatives: Ίστιήϊα n. pl. `monetary means of a `I.-temple' (Miletos Va); ἑστιῶτις `belonging to hearth (house)' (S. Tr. 954 [lyr.]; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 208 n. 2); Έστ-ιασταί m. pl. name of the der H.-adorers (Rhod.; cf. Άπολλων-ιασταί a. o.); ἕστιος `belonging to the hearth' (Hld., after ὁμέστιος a. o.). As translation of Lat. Vesta, Vestālēs Έστιαῖον `Vesta-temple' (D. C.), Έστιάδες pl. `Vestales' (D. H., Plu.). Normal denomin. ἑστιάω, ἱστιάω (augm. εἱσ- in εἱστίων [Lys.] etc.), also with prefix, e. g. συν-, `receive at the hearth, feed, receive as guest' (Ion.-Att. Dor.) with several derivv.: ἑστί-ασις, -ᾱμα, - ασμός `entertain', ἑστιάτωρ ( ἱστ-) `host', with ἑστιατόριον ( ἱστια-, ἱστιη-), also ἑστιατήριον (after the nouns in - ήριον) `dining-room' (cf. Benveniste Noms d'agent 34 and 48); ἑστιατορία ( ἱστ-) `feast'. - Also ἑστιόομαι (E. Ion 1464 [lyr.] δῶμα) `get a hearth, be settled'.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: As collective- or abstractformation in - ία (cf. esp. οἰκ-ία, κλισ-ία) ἑστία, from where secondarily ἱστία, - ίη through sound-reduction or assimilation (Schwyzer 256 and 531, Lejeune Traité de phon. 208; diff. Buck IF 25, 259 [after ἵστημι] and Solmsen l. c. [unaccented ἱ-]), presupposes a noun ἑστο-, -ᾱ v. t.. - For the etymology the question of the anlaut is decisive. Against the evidence for anlaut. Ϝ-, Ϝιστιαυ (PN, Mantineia IVa), γιστία ἐσχάρη (cod. - τη) H., which are doubted, there are dialect forms, where expected F fails; s. Solmsen Unt. 213ff. Therefore the old, still defended equation with Lat. Vesta is uncertain. Another explanation has not been found: to ἐσχάρα (Solmsen l.c.), Lat. sīdus (Ehrlich KZ 41, 289ff.), ἕζομαι (Bq; with ἱστία after ἵζω?), Slav. jestěja `hearth' (Machek Lingua posnan. 5, 59ff.). - See Bq and W.-Hofmann s. Vesta; also Schwyzer 58 and 227 w. n. 1, Scheller Oxytonierung 60, Fraenkel Gnomon 22, 237, Benveniste BSL 44, 53. On Έστία in gen. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 337f., v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 156ff. - As the wau is improbable, the old etymology is prob. incorrect; also ε \> ι is unusual, unexpected, whereas ε\/ι in Pre-Greek is frequent; so there are two serious problems. The conclusion must be that the word is of Pre-Greek origin. Cf. Furnée, 358 A 2.Page in Frisk: 1,576-577Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἑστία
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6 στέλλω
στέλλω, - ομαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to put in order, to make ready, to equip, dress with weapons, clothes etc.; to prepare (for a journey), to dispatch'; also `to furl, take in the sails, to tie up, to constrain'; midd. esp. `to summon, to fetch, to prepare (for a journey), to set off' (also act. intr.). `to dress'.Other forms: Aor. στεῖλαι, - ασθαι (Il.), Aeol. ἀπο-, ἐπι-στέλλαι, fut. στελ-έω (β 287 a.o.), -ῶ, - οῦμαι (Att.). Aor. pass. σταλ-ῆναι (Pi., IA.), - θῆναι (hell.), perf. pass. ἔσταλμαι (IA.), act. ἔσταλκα (Att.), ἔστολα (gramm.).Compounds: Very often w. prefix with variaous shades of neaning, e.g. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐπι-, κατα-, περι-, συν-, ὑπο-. As 2. member e.g. ἰδιό-στολος `having one's own equipment, equipped at one's own expense, making one's own journey' (Plu. a.o.), πυγο-στόλος adjunct of γυνή (Hes. Op. 373; on the debated meaning Martinazzoli Par. del Pass. 15, 203ff.); ναυ-στολ-έω `to send on a ship, to navigate, to steer (a ship)' (Pi., S., E., late prose; ναύ-στολος only A. Th. 858 [lyr.; doubted]; cf. ναυ-μαχέω, οἰνο-χοέω a.o. in Schwyzer 726); ἀκρο-στόλ-ιον n. `decorated end of the rostrum' (Callix., Str., D.S. etc.); ἀπόστολ-ος (: ἀπο-στέλλω) m. `envoys, fleet-expedition' (IA.), `apostle' (LXX, NT). As 2. member e.g. μελανό-στολος `with a black garment' (Plu.).Derivatives: A. 1. στόλος m. `equipment (of a campaign), campaign by water and by land, fleet, army, troop, legion, march' (Pi., IA.); also `rostrum' (Pi., trag.)`outgrowth, stump, appendage' (Arist.); cf. below. 2. στολή (Aeol. σπόλα; cf. below) f. `armor', usu. `dress, garment' (IA.), `obstruction, pressure, constraint' (Epicur., medic.); ἀπο-, δια- ἐπι-στολή a.o. (: ἀπο-στέλλω) `sending resp. extension, mission or letter' (IA. etc.) with ἀποστολ-εύς m. `officials for equipping and dispatching the fleet' (Att.) a.o., s. Bosshardt 53 f. From this the dimin. στόλ-ιον n. (Delos IIa, AP a.o.); στολ-άς f. `jacket' (Ael.); στολ-ίς f. `dress', pl. `folds' (E., Arist. etc.) with - ίδιον, - ιδώδης, - ιδόομαι, - ίδωμα, - ιδωτός. - From στολή and στόλος: στολ-ίζω, also w. κατα-, συν-, ὑπο- `to place in order, to equip, to dress' (Hes. Op. 628, E., hell. a. late), - ισις, - ισμα, ισμός, - ιστής, - ιστήριον, - ιστεία; - άζομαι `to dress' in ἐστολάδαντο (metr. inscr. Marathon IIp; cf. ἐρράδαται a.o. Schwyzer 672). -- 3. στολμός m. `equipment, clothing' (A., E.). -- B. στέλμα στέφος, στέμμα H. (correct?); στελμονίαι ζώματα H. (= X. Cyr. 6, 1); cf. ἁρ-μον-ία a.o., Scheller Oxytonierung 58f. -- C. 1. - σταλ-μα, only from the prefixed ἐπι-στέλλω etc.: ἐπί-, διά-, ἀπό-σταλμα n. `public mission etc.' (Thphr., pap.). 2. διασταλ-μός m. `assessment' (pap. VIp). 3. στάλ-σις f. `obstruction' (Gal.), διά- στέλλω `destination, treaty' (LXX). 4. ἀνα-, δια-, περι- etc. - σταλτικός (late). --5. On στάλιξ s. v.Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [1019] * stel- `put (up), stand'; also [985] * spel- `split'?Etymology: The above forms form in spite of all semantic differentiation a well kept together formal system. Outside the wide semantic cadre are, however, στόλος in the sense of `ships beak a.o.', a meaning which seems difficult to connect with στέλλω `prepare, equip, send out', but which can without difficulty be connected with στελεά, στέλεχος, στήλη [which in my view do not belong to στέλλω]. When judging the etymology some seemingly Aeolic, mostly only lexically attested forms with σπ- (against inscr. ἀπο-, ἐπι-στέλλαι) must not be overlooked: σπελλάμεναι στειλάμεναι, σπολεῖσα σταλεῖσα, εὔσπολον εὑεί-μονα, εὑσταλέα, κασπέλλει (cod. - έλη) στορνύει (all H.); σπόλα = στολή (Sapph.), κασπολέω (- σπελ-?) ὑποστορέσω (Sapph., H.). So ΙΑ. στελ-, Aeol. σπελ- from IE skʷel- (lit. in Persson Beitr. 1, 422)? After Bechtel Dial. 1, 125f. (with Schulze; cf. on this Hamm Grammatik 15 w. n. 3) in IA. στέλλω IE * stel- `send' and skʷel- `equip' (from where Aeol. σπελ-) would have fallen together. The difficulty to find IE * skʷel- back in other languages, as well as the meagre documentation of the σπ-forms both arouse suspicion against such a supposition. For some of the relevant words ( σπόλα, εὔσπολος) one might sonsider a connection with IE * spel- `split' (s. σπολάς). -- Exact cognates outside Greek are missing. Nearest comes Arm. steɫc-anem, aor. steɫc-i `prepare, creare' with unclear c (ɫc from l + s with Pedersen KZ 39, 427 ?); beside it steɫn, pl. steɫun-k` `stem, stalk, twig' (cf. στέλεχος, στελεά). Also several other words go back on IE * stel-, but deviate semantically from στέλλω: Alb. shtiell `wind up, reel up, collect' (IE * stel-n-ō); Germ. nouns as OE stela m. `stalk of a plant', OWNo. stiolr m. `tail-bone', NNorw. stjøl `stalk, stem' (\< * stelu-; cf. στελεχος, στελεά). Here belong also the unclear OWNo. stallr m. `constitution, crib, stable', OHG stal m. `living, seat, stable' (to which stellen) from PGm. * stalla- or * staðla-(IE * stol-no- or * st(h)h₂-dhlo- [to st(h)ā- `stand'; s. ἵστημι]); Skt. sthálam n. `continent, earth-bottom', sthálā f. `raised earth' etc. (cf. on στήλη). -- Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 643ff., Pok. 1019f., W.-Hofmann s. locus; older lit. also in Bq. -- The evidence for IE origin is meagre; could the word be Pre-Greek?Page in Frisk: 2,786-788Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στέλλω
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7 ἀνά
ἀνά [ ᾰνᾰ], [dialect] Aeol., Thess., Arc., Cypr. [full] ὀν, Prep. governing gen., dat., and acc. By apocope ἀνά becomes ἄν before dentals, as ἂν τὸν ὀδελόν; ἄγ before gutturals, as ἂγ γύαλα; ἄμ before labials, as ἂμ βωμοῖσι, ἂμ πέτραις, etc.;Aἀμπεπλεγμένας IG5(2).514.10
(Arc.).A WITH GEN., three times in Od., in phrase ἀνὰ νηὸς βαίνειν go on board ship, 2.416, 9.177, 15.284; ἂν τοῦ τοίχου, τᾶς ὁδοῦ, τοῦ ῥοειδίου, IG14.352i40, ii 15,83 ([place name] Halaesa).B WITH DAT., on, upon, without any notion of motion, [dialect] Ep., Lyr., and Trag. (only lyr.), ἀνὰ σκήπτρῳ upon the sceptre, Il.1.15, Pi.P. 1.6;ἂμ βωμοῖσι Il.8.441
;ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι 18.177
;ἀνὰ Γαργάρῳ ἄκρῳ 15.152
; ἀνὰ ὤμῳ upon the shoulder, Od.11.128; ἀν ἵπποις, i. e. in a chariot, Pi.O.1.41;ἂμ πέτραις A.Supp. 351
(lyr.); ; ([place name] Epirus).C WITH ACCUS., the comm. usage, implying motion upwards:I of Place, up, from bottom to top, up along,κίον' ἀν' ὑψηλὴν ἐρύσαι Od.22.176
; ἀνὰ μέλαθρον up to, ib. 239; [φλὲψ] ἀνὰ νῶτα θέουσα διαμπερὲς αὐχέν' ἱκάνει Il.13.547
;ἀνὰ τὸν ποταμόν Hdt.2.96
; ἂν ῥόον up-stream, GDI5016.11 ([place name] Gortyn);κρῆς ἂν τὸν ὀδελὸν ἐμπεπαρμένον Ar.Ach. 796
([place name] Megarian); simply, along,ἂν τὼς ὄρως Tab.Heracl.2.32
.2 up and down, throughout,ἀνὰ δῶμα Il.1.570
; ἀνὰ στρατόν, ἄστυ, ὅμιλον, ib. 384, Od.8.173, etc.; (lyr.); ἀνὰ πᾶσαν τὴν Μηδικήν, ἀνὰ τὴν Ἑλλάδα, Hdt.1.96, 2.135, etc.;ὀν τὸ μέσσον Alc. 18.3
; ἀνὰ τὸ σκοτεινόν in the darkness, Th.3.22.3 metaph., ἀνὰ θυμὸν φρονέειν, ἀνὰ στόμα ἔχειν, to have continually in the mind, in the mouth, Il.2.36, 250; ἀν' Αἰγυπτίους ἄνδρας among them, Od.14.286; ἀνὰ πρώτους εἶναι to be among the first, Hdt.9.86.II of Time, throughout, ἀνὰ νύκτα all night through, Il.14.80;ἀνὰ τὰς προτέρας ἡμέρας Hdt.7.223
;ἀνὰ τὸν πόλεμον 8.123
; ἀνὰ χρόνον in course of time, 1.173, 2.151, 5.27; ἀνὰ μέσσαν ἀκτῖνα (i. e. in the south) S.OC 1247.2 distributively, ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἡμέραν day by day, Hdt.2.37, 130, etc.;ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος 1.136
, etc.;ἀνὰ πάντα ἔτεα 8.65
: also ἀνὰ πρεσβύτᾱτα in order of age, Test.Epict.4.28.III distributively with Numerals, pieces of meat at half an obol each, Ar.Ra. 554; τῶν ἀν' ὀκτὼ τὠβολοῦ that sell 8 for the obol, Timocl. 18; ἀνὰ πέντε παρασάγγας τῆς ἡμέρας [they marched] at the rate of 5 parasangs a day, X.An.4.6.4; ἔστησαν ἀνὰ ἑκατόν μάλιστα ὥσπερ χοροί they stood in bodies of about 100 men each. ib.5.4.12; κλισίας ἀνὰ πεντήκοντα companies at the rate of 50 in each, Ev.Luc.9.14; ἔλαβον ἀνὰ δηνάριον a denarius apiece, Ev. Matt.20.10; in doctor's prescriptions,ἀνὰ ὀβολὼ β Sor.1.63
, etc.: also amounting to2
1/2 signs, Autol.1.10; multiplied by, PPetr.3p.198.IV Phrases: ἀνὰ κράτος up to the full strength, i. e. vigorously, ἀνὰ κράτος φεύγειν, ἀπομάχεσθαι, X.Cyr.4.2.30, 5.3.12; ἀνὰ τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον and proportionately,Pl.
Phd. 110d; esp. in math. sense, Id.Ti. 37a, Arist.APo. 85a38, etc.; ἀνὰ μέσον in the midst, Antiph.13, Men.531.19; by turns,Arist.
Pol. 1287n17.D WITH NOM. of Numerals, etc., distributively, Apoc.21.21, v. l. in Sor.1.11, 12, cf. Orib.Fr.50,54.E WITHOUT CASE as Adv., thereupon, Hom. and other Poets:— and with the notion of spreading all over a space, throughout, all over, μέλανες δ' ἀνὰ βότρυες ἦσαν all over there were clusters, Il.18.562, cf. Od.24.343:—but ἀνά often looks like an Adv. in Hom., where really it is only parted from its Verb by tmesis, ἀνὰ δ' ἔσχετο; ἀνὰ δ' ὦρτο (for ἀνῶρτο δέ) ; ἀνὰ τεύχε' ἀείρας (for τεύχεα ἀναείρας), etc.F IN COMPOS.1 as in C. 1, up to, upwards, up, opp. κατά, as ἀνα-βαίνω, -βλέπω, ἀν-αιρέω, -ίστημι: poet. sts. doubled,ἀν' ὀρσοθύρην ἀναβαίνειν Od.22.132
.2 hence flows the sense of increase or strengthening, as in ἀνακρίνω; though it cannot always be translated, as in Homer's ἀνείρομαι:—in this case opp. ὑπό.3 from the notion throughout (E), comes that of repetition and improvement, as in ἀνα-βλαστάνω, -βιόω, -γεννάω.4 the notion of back, backwards, in ἀναχωρέω, ἀνανεύω, etc., seems to come from such phrases as ἀνὰ ῥόον up, i. e. against, the stream.G ἄνα, written with anastr. as Adv., up! arise!ἀλλ' ἄνα Il.6.331
, Od.18.13:—in this sense the ult. is never elided; cf.ἀλλ' ἄνα, εἰ μέμονάς γε Il.9.247
;ἀλλ' ἄνα ἐξ ἑδράνων S.Aj. 194
.2 apocop. ἄν after ὤρνυτο, ὦρτο, and up stood.. arose, Il.3.268, 23.837, etc.3 when used as Prep. ἀνά never suffers anastrophe.------------------------------------ἄνα (B), ἡ,A = ἄνυσις, Alcm.23.83, Call.Jov.90; cf. ἄνη. -
8 ἱστάω
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9 κτίζω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `found, lay out, build, create' (Emp.).Other forms: aor. κτίσ(σ)αι (Il.), pass. κτισθῆναι (IA.), fut. κτίσω (A.), perf. midd. ἔκτισμαι (Hdt.), act. ἔκτικα (hell.; on the reduplication Schwyzer 649).Derivatives: κτίσις f. `foundation, creation' (Pi., IA.; cf. below), κτιστύς f. `foundation' (Hdt. 9, 97; on the meaning Benveniste Noms d'agent 72), κτίσμα `foundation, colony, building' (hell.), κτισμός `foundation' (Asia Minor., Empire); - κτίστωρ `founder' (Pi., E.), κτιστήρ `id.' (Corinth, IVa), f. κτίστρια (Asia Minor, Empire), κτίστης `founder, builder' (Arist.) with κτίστιον (- εῖον) `temple of a founder' (pap. IVp), older συγκτίστης `co-founder' (Hdt. 5, 46) ; κτιστός `laid out, founded' (h. Ap. 299, pap.; Zumbach Neuerungen 26); n. κτιστόν `building' (pap.). - Further several formations, with the intransitive meaning `live, abide' and thus outside the system: ἐυ κτίμενος `where you can live well' (Hom.); περι-κτί-ονες pl. `those living around, neighbours' (Il.), ἀμφι-κτί-ονες `id.' (Pi.), also as PN (Att. inscr. Va), besides - κτύονες (Hdt., inscr. IVa) with unclear υ (cf. Hoffmann Dial. 3, 290); περι-κτί-ται pl. `id.' (λ 288), after it as simplex κτί-ται `id.' (E. Or. 1621), κτίτης = κτίστης (Delph. IIa); ἐΰ-κτι-τος = ἐυ κτίμενος (Β 592), ὀρεί-κτι-τος `living in the mountains' (Pi.); but e.g. θεό-κτι-τος `founded by the gods' (Sol.); details in Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 44; there (and 1, 179 f.) also on κτίστωρ. - On itself stands with diff. ablaut Rhod. κτοίνα (also πτοίνα with unexplained πτ-) name of an admin. region in Rhodos (Myc. koto(i)na) with κτοινᾶται, - έται (s. Fraenkel 1,207; 2, 126).Etymology: With περι-κτί-ται agrees but for the lengthening ā-stem Skt. pari-kṣí-t-'living round about', with ( ἐΰ)-κτιτος Av. ( ana)- šita- `uninhabited'. Besides stands the athemat. root-present Skt. kṣé-ti, pl. kṣi-y-ánti (= Myc. ki-ti-je-si [trans.]) - Av. šaēiti, šyeinti `live'. An agreeing athematic ptc. is κτί-μενος. The transitive-causative meaning `make as living, found', which is a Greek innovation, started from the aorist κτίσ(σ)αι, which arose beside an intransitive root-aorist (still preserved in κτί-μενος), like ἔ-στη-σα to ἔ-στη-ν (s. ἵστημι). To κτίσ(σ)αι arose κτίζω, and to these the other forms (Schwyzer 674 a. 716, Wackernagel Unt. 77). κτί-σις too has an exact parallel in Skt. kṣi-tí-, Av. ši-ti- `living (place)', but the deviant meaning makes it as innovation to κτίζω suspect (cf. Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 95 n. 5). With κτοίνα agrees, except for the i-stem, Arm. šēn, gen. šini `inhabited (place)'. - Cf. Bq and Pok. 626. As with κτείνω we now assume * tkei-. Cf. κτίλος.Page in Frisk: 2,34-35Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κτίζω
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10 στάθμη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `directive, carpenter's line, finish-line, -cord, plumbline, rule, norm' (O 410).Derivatives: 1. σταθμ-άομαι (Ion. - έομαι), - άω, also m. δια-, ἐπι-, ἀντι-, `to measure (by the directive), to estimate, to gauge, to weigh' (Pi., IA.) with - ημα, - ησις, - ητικός (late). 2. - ίζω, also m. δια-, `id.' (Aq., Sm.). -- σταθμός m. `location, stable, farmstead, night lodgings, travel stage, day's march; pillar, post, jamb; balance, weight, heaviness' (Il.); pl. also - μά n. (after τάλαντα, ζυγά), to which sg. - όν `weight, balance' (IA.), poet. also `homestead, farmstead; jamb etc.' (trag. a.o.; Egli Heteroklisie 40f.). Compp., a.g. σταθμ-οῦχος m. `owner of goods etc.' (A. Fr. 226 = 376 M., Antiph., pap. a.o.), ἐπί-σταθμος m. `quartermaster' (Isoc.), `military quartered on another' (pap.; Mayser I: 3, 175); ναύ-σταθμον n. (Th.), second. - ος m. (Plb., D.S., Plu.) `anchorage, fleet-station, fleet'; prop. subst. adj. like βού-σταθμον (cf. on βούτυρον). From this 1. σταθμ-ίον n. `balance, weight' (hell. a. late); 2. - ικός `belonging to weighing' (Gal.); 3. - ώδης `rich in sediment' (Hp.; cf. ὑποστάθμη); 4. - ίζω, also w. δια-, συν- a. o. `to weigh' with - ισις f. `the weighing', - ιστής m. `weigher', - ιστί `by weight', - ιστικός `for weighing' (late); 5. - εύω, also w. κατα-, ἐπι-, `take up or have quarters etc.' with - εία f. (late).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Details on the meaning of στάθμη and σταθμός Jüthner Έπιτύμβιον Swoboda 107ff., Havers Glotta 25, 101ff., Holt Glotta 27, 194, Kieckers IF 38, 209f. On στάθμη: σταθμός cf. δέσμη: δεσμός and other word-pairs in Porzig Satzinhalte 283 f.; formation as βα-θμός, Arc. etc. θε-θμός (s. θεσμός), ῥυ-θμός etc. A θ appears also in εὑ-σταθής `standing firm, quiet' (Ion. hell. a. late since Il.), which has prob. been built on the aor. ἐστάθην (Risch 75). The synonymous and later attested σταθερός (A. Fr. 276 = 479 M. etc.) may have been built after the pattern of ἀ-φαν-ής: φαν-ερός a. o. Cf. Schwyzer 492 n. 12, 513 and Benveniste Origines 193 a. 200f. -- Further s. ἵστημι.Page in Frisk: 2,775Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στάθμη
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