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1 ἄφενος
Grammatical information: n.Other forms: m. (after πλοῦτος, Fehrle Phil Woch. 46, 700f).Compounds: εὐηφενής (Il.; the better attested v. l. εὐηγενής is hardly correct; Bechtel, Lex.); also in the PN Δι-, Κλε-, Τιμ-αφένης.Derivatives: (with loss of vowel and remarkable final stress) ἀφνειός (Il.), later ἀφνεός `rich' (Il.). From here retrograde ἄφνος n. (Pi. Fr. 219).Etymology: Uncertain. The connection with Skt. ápnas- n. `possessions, riches' (Bréal MSL 13, 382f.; cf. ὄμπνη; also Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73, 515) is now generally rejected (also as * apsnos). - The word was one of the corner stones of the Pelasgian theory, which can now be abandoned (also Heubeck's variant, the Minoan-Minyan language: Praegraeca 70). The agreement with Hitt. happina(nt)- `rich', is remarkable. The postulated verb hap-(zi) is improbable (Puhvel HED 3, 124f). The Hittite word could be IE (Szemerényi Glotta 33, 1954, 275 - 282). Puhvel's h₁op- is impossible ( h₁- disappears in Hittite); but Lat. opulentus \< * op-en-ent- is improbable: - ulentus is a frequent suffix in Latin, and - ant is very productive in Hittite so that it cannot be projected back into PIE; with it disappears the explanation of - ulentus (I also doubt the dissmilation n - nt, with t after the second n; there are other difficulties in the theory, as the author indicated); the - en- has no clear function and is not found elsewhere after op-; thus the connection of opulentus with the Hittite word disappears. - Irene Balles (HS 110, 1997) starts from *n̥-gʷʰn-o-, parallel to - io- in Skt. ághnyā- `(the valuable animal which is) not to be killed'. (She explains the adj., and the accent, from *n̥gʷʰn-es-o- \> ἀφνεό-, with metrical lengthening in Homer). But she has to explain the full grade from analogy after σθένος, which is improbable; the whole construction is not convincing. - The Greek word is rather IE (cf. archaic εὐηφενής). For Greek a root * h₂bʰen- is the obvious reconstruction. The accent and the form ἀφνεός may be explained following Balles: *h₂bʰnes-ó-, with ablaut as in ἄλγος - ἀλεγεινός (metr. lengthening in Homer is probable as *ἀφνεοιο is impossible in the hexameter and *ἀφνεος, -ν etc. are difficult). Thus the word seem perfectly IE. It cannot be connected with the Hittite word (reading *ḫpina- is doubtful). A loan from Anatolian would have κ-, the φ would be unclear, the s-stem, and the adjective.Page in Frisk: 1,195Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄφενος
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2 Ἄρτεμις
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: name of a goddess (Il.)Dialectal forms: Myc. atemito \/ Artemitos\/; atimite \/ Artimitei\/. Dor. Ἄρταμις, - ιτος; Boeot. id. - ιδος; ῎Αρτεμις, - ιτος Delphi (SIG 671 etc.).Derivatives: Άρτεμίσιος, Άρταμίτιος m., also Άρτεμισιών, month name (Th.), - ον n. ` tempel of A.' (Hdt.). - ἀρτεμιδήϊον n., ἀρτεμισία f. plant name, s. Strömberg 100.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The forms have e\/i, which may point to Pre-Greek. There is further e\/a (s. Fur. 185), which is rather an old phenomenon than a recent assimilation; and there is t\/d (Myc. has -t-: there is a special sign for -d-); note that the forms in - σιον- presuppose a -t- (the -d- can be easily secondary, as seems confirmed by Myc.). -- The name is found in Lydian inscriptions (Artimuś, Artimu-), which in itself does not prove that the name comes from Lydia or Asia Minor (as thought v. Wilamowitz, Hellenistische Dichtung 2, 50; Glaube 1, 324). Lycian has ertemi. -- Improbable is Illyrian origin (from Illyr. * artos `bear', Ruipérez Emerita 15, 1ff. and Zephyrus 2, 89ff.). Against the interpretation as `bear-godess' (to ἄρκτος; lastly Pisani Rev. ét. anc. 37, 149f.) s. Kretschmer Glotta 27, 34, who connects ἄρταμος `butcher', which seems very improbable. Improbable vW. -- Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 451ff.; s. Ruipérez l. c. for details; Chantraine L'ant. class. 22, 67.Page in Frisk: 1,153-154Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Ἄρτεμις
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3 ἀδμωλή
Grammatical information: f.Other forms: ἀδμωλία ἡ ἄγνοια Suid. (Call. fr. 717 Pf.), ἀδμολίη EM. Further ἀσμωλεῖν = ἀγνοεῖν H., EM 155, 33.Derivatives: ἀδμωλῶ ἀκηδιῶ Suid., ἀδμωλεῖν ἀγνοεῖν η ἀγνωμονεῖν η ἀκηδιᾶν EM. ἀδμωλεί χωρίς δόλου (Suid.)Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Derived from ἅδ(-ην) with - μωλ-, Frisk Eranos 41, 52; very improbable. Fur. 263 n. 8: `kaum Erbwörter'; on δμ\/σμ Schwyzer 208 (unclear). Improbable vW. ( δμώς + n̥ from en).Page in Frisk: 1,21Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀδμωλή
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4 ἄητος
Grammatical information: adj.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Cf. H. ἄητοι ἀκόρεστοι, ἄπληστοι; ἀήτους μεγάλας. Αἰσχύλος ᾽Αθάμαντι. Hdn. Gr. 1,220 ἄητος ὁ ἀκατάπαυστος. The first explanation connects the word with ἄμεναι, ἆσαι; it would then differ from ἄατος, ἆτος through the long vowel (which is not probable). Perhaps the same word as αἴητος ( πέλωρ αἴητον Σ 410 said of Hephaistos). If so, the variation α\/αι might point to a substr. word (metrical lengthening is improbable, α \< αι impossible); FUR 253 (but his connection with ἀήσυλος is quite uncertain). Palmer, Interpretation 339 connects the word said of Hephaistos with Myc. ajameno as `artist'; improbable. Not to ἄημι, LfgrE. S. Sabbadini Riv. studi class. 15 (1967) 78-84.See also: ἆσαι `satiate'Page in Frisk: 1,27Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄητος
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5 ἀκρεμών
ἀκρεμών, - όνοςGrammatical information: m.Other forms: accent after Hdn. Gr. 1, 33; mss. mostly - έμωνOrigin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The old etymology with ἄκρος is improbable, the formation unclear (Chantr. Form. 172f.). That κρεμών (Eratosth.) would be due to κρεμάννυμι is most improbable. It is, like the etymology, a desperate attempt to reduce the word to known elements. Fur. 115 adduces ἀγρεμών κάμαξ (`pole, shaft'), λαμπάς, δόρυ H. These facts show that it is a substr. word.Page in Frisk: 1,58Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀκρεμών
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6 ἀλύω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `be beside oneself', from pain, anguish' (Il.).Other forms: only present, except ἀλαλύσθαι φοβεῖσθαι, ἀλύειν H.,Derivatives: Retrograde ἄλυς id. (Hp.). With - κ- ἀλύκη `distress, anguish'; s. also ἀλάλυγξ. - Verbs: ἀλύσκω \/ ἀλύσσω, fut. ἀλύξω = ἀλύω (Hom.). Further ἀλυκ-τέω, perf. ἀλαλύκτημαι (Hom.), cf. Bechtel Lex. s. ἀλύω. - Also: ἀλυστάζω, ἀλυσταίνω cf. Schwyzer 706: 4. Further ἀλυσθμαίνω, ἀλυδμαίνειν.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: ἀλύω is considered an u-derivation of ἀλ- in ἀλάομαι (q. v.) and\/or ἀλέομαι which is an improbable guess. Connection with Hitt. ḫallu- `violence, brawl'? An alternative connection is that with Hitt. alwanza- `subject to wichcraft'; Puhvel gives an improbable reconstruction.Page in Frisk: 1,80-81Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀλύω
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7 ἄνθος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `flower' (Il.).Derivatives: 1. Substantives. Dimin. ἀνθύλλιον (M. Ant., Dsc., also a plant like ἀνθυλλίς (Dsc.) and ἄνθυλλον (Ps.-Dsc.); ἀνθήλιον v. l. for ἀνθύλλιον (Dsc. 3, 156; 4, 121), also = κανθήλιον (Charax) s.v.; ἀνθάλιον a plant, cf. Chantr. Form. 74; ἀνθάριον ἐρύθημα H. - ἀνθήλη `a crown of flowers' (Thphr.), or from ἀνθέω. - ἀνθηδών f. `bee' (cf. ἀνθρηδών and Chantr. Form. 361), also a plant. - ἀνθίας s. v. - Άνθεστήρια n. pl. `Feast of flowers, spring' (Ion. Att., cf. Chantr. Form. 63, Schwyzer 470: 7) with the month-name Άνθεστηριών. - Independent ἄνθεμον n. `flower' (Sappho); not with Leumann Hom. Wörter 249ff. recent back-formation as there are many derivatives; for the formation cf. ἄργεμον and Chantr. Form. 132, Ruigh, Élém. Ach. 102f. Place name Άνθεμοῦς (Macedonia). - 2. Adjectives: ἀνθηρός rather from ἀνθέω (Chantr. Form. 232). - 3. Verb ἀνθέω `bloom, blossom'.Etymology: ἄνθος was equated with Skt. ándhas- n. `herb', but see the objections by Burrow Archiv. linguist. 6 (1954) 61 and Chantr. Uncertain Alb. ënde `flower', s. G. Meyer Alb. Wb. 5. Arm. and `field'; Toch. A ānt, B ānte `surface'?. The comparison with OFris. åndul `Marschgras' does not inspire confidence (Schwentner KZ 69, 244); uncertain also OHG etc. andorn (Loewe, s. Schwentner KZ 71, 32). So no reliable IE etym. remains. I wonder whether it is a substr. word. - Improbable is connection with ἀνήνοθεν (Schwebeablaut h₂endh-: h₂nodh- is improbable).Page in Frisk: 1,108-109Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄνθος
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8 ἄντλος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `bilge-water' (Od.).Derivatives: Denom. vb.: ἀντλέω `bale out bilge-water' (Hdt.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: ἄντλος is often taken as a psilotic form of *ἅντλος, with assimilation of μ from *ἅμ-θλο-ς, cognate with Lat. sentīna (Solmsen Wortforsch. 189; Chantr. Form. 375), but this is simply impossible: *sm̥- would give ἁ-. The Myc. form, if reliable, would exclude orig. *s-. Benveniste ( BSL 50, 1954, 39) compared Hitt. han- `draw warer', which is quite convincing, though it gives the unusual suffix - τλος (thus DELG). Improbable vW. (*αντι-τλος from τέλλω, "of the rising water"). As to Lith. semiù, sémti `scoop', it has a root * semH- which is impossible in the Greek form. It is tempting to compare Lat. sentīna `bilge-water', which has always been done, but in that case the word cannot be IE, which seems quite possible for such a technical term. Connection with 2. ἀμάομαι seems formally improbable.Page in Frisk: 1,114Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄντλος
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9 ἄντρον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `cave' (Od.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: ἄντρον cannot be connected with Arm. ayr `grotto'. The last attempt, from De Lamberterie, must be rejected. He starts from a form *antēr, which is improbable (substr. words in - ηρ are also extremely rare), but the supposed development in Armenian is quite improbable; s. Clackson 1994, 98. - Connection with ἄνεμος (Schwyzer 532) is impossible. Lat. antrum is a loan. So we can best return to Chantr. Form. 331 and assume the word may be a substr.word.Page in Frisk: 1,115Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄντρον
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10 ἀσφάραγος 1
ἀσφάραγος 1.Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `throat, gullet' (Χ 328, Plu.).Other forms: σφάραγγος (σφάραγος Latte) βρόγχος, τράχηλος, λαιμός, ψόφος H.; = φάρυγξ (Apion ap. Phot.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Unknown. The form without ἀ- through influence of σφαραγέομαι? Sometimes connected with 2. ἀσφάραγος as *`(hollow) stalk' (Persson Beitr. 1, 444). Improbable Winter Prothet. Vokal 20. Fur. 227 connects φάραγξ, - γγος; cf. σφάραγγες (codd. - ές) sine expl. H. The variations prove a substr. word (suff. - αγ-\/- αγγ-). Fur. 227 further compares μάραγοι οἱ ἀπόκρημνοι τόποι H., which seems improbable to me.Page in Frisk: 1,174-175Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀσφάραγος 1
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11 ἄχυρα
Grammatical information: n. pl.Meaning: `chaff' (Com.).Other forms: rarely sg. - ον; collective sing. ἀχυρός or ἄχυρος m. `chaff-heap'. ἄχορα· τὰ πίτῡρα `chaff'). ἔνιοι δε κρανίον H.Compounds: ἀχυροθήκη (X.)Derivatives: ἀχυρώδης (Arist.), ἀχύρινος (Plu.) etc.; ἀχυρών, - ῶνος m. `storehouse for chaff' (Delos). Verb ἀχυρόω `mix with chaff' etc. (Arist.). - Remarkable, ἀχυρμιαί f. Pl. `chaff-heap' (Ε 502, AP 9, 384, 15; also NGr., s. Scheller Oxytonierung 4ff., 85ff.; cf. also Fraenkel Glotta 32, 18); the same formation in ἀχύρμιος (Arat. 1097, of ἄμητος), or from ἀχυρμιαι?; doubtful ἀχυρμός (Ar. V. 1310; conj. by Dindorf for ἀχυρός); a form in - ιά from a noun in - μος. The form in - αί is probably an old locative; Dürbeck MSS 37, 1978, 39 - 57.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Agrees in form and meaning with ἄχνη. Further unclear; to ἄχωρ (q. v.)? Not an old r: n-stem, which would have - υν-). Improbable Petersson KZ 47, 267f. Clearly identical with ἄχορα, a gloss not mentioned in the literature. It shows that the word is Pre-Greek (Fur. 362). This explains the relation to ἄχνη: Pre-Greek has often a suffix with - ν-(η) beside the more frequent -VC-suffixes; - υρ- is well known. Wrong therefore vW. (copulative ἁ- and χέω; the combination is improbable).Page in Frisk: 1,203-204Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄχυρα
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12 βλώσκω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `go, come' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. μολεῖν, ἔβλω ἐφάνη, ὤχετο, ἔστη; fut. μολοῦμαι ( βλῶξαι, βλώξω Lyc.), perf. μέμβλωκα ( βέβλωκε ἠρεμεῖ, φύεται H.)Compounds: κατα-, προ-, ἐκ- etc. αὑτόμολος `deserter' (Hdt.); ἀγχίμολον ( ἦλθε, Il.), old absolutive Wackernagel, Mus. Helv. 1, 226ff.; ἀγχιβλώς ἄρτι παρών H.Etymology: Pres. βλώσκω \< *μλώ-σκω (cf. μολ-εῖν, μέ-μβλω-κα) from *ml̥h₃-sk- is clear. The aor. stem βλω- will have the same origin, with the zero grade from the plural. The nominal forms with - μολ- will have o-grade, * molh₃-. The aor. stem μολ-ε\/ο- is explained from metathesis in *μελο-μ, -ς, -τ \< * melh₃-. Harðarson, Wurzelaorist 169f, 224f, also assumes stressed l̥h₃ \> ολο, which is doubtful; the existence of a development μλω- (in ἔβλω) beside μολο- is improbable. I would expect *l̥h₃ \> αλ, which was replaced by ολ after the predominant o-vocalism. The metathesis is not an independent phonetic development, but part of this process of morphological reorganisation. - Outside Greek perhaps in Slavic, e.g. Serb. iz-mòlīti *`let come out', i.e. `show', Slov. molíti `hinstrecken, hinhalten'. - Uncertain Toch. A mlosk-, mlusk- `escape' (B mlutk ?). - Connection with μέλλω is phonetically improbable (because of the laryngeal), with μολεύω `cut off and transplant the shoots of trees' is semantically impossible.Page in Frisk: 1,246-247Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βλώσκω
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13 ἐννέα
Grammatical information: num.Meaning: `nine' (Il.);Other forms: also hεννέα (Herakl.; after ἑπτά, ὁκτώ) ἐννῆ or -ή (Delph., Cyren. etc.; cf. Fraenkel Glotta 20, 88).Compounds: As 1. member beside ἐννεα- (e. g. Hom. ἐννεά-βοιος) also older ἐνα-, Ion. εἰνα-, e. g. Hom. εἰνά-ετες adv. `nine years long', εἰνά-νυχες `nine nights long', ἐνα- ( εἰνα-)κόσιοι;Derivatives: thus in deriv. ἔνα-τος `the ninth', Ion. εἴνατος, Argiv. Cret. ἤνατος, Aeol. ἔνοτος; εἰνάς f. `the ninth day' (Hes. Op. 810) beside ἐννεάς `number of nine ' (Theoc.); ἐνάκις ( εἰ-) `nine times' a. o.; - but ἐννῆμαρ `nine days long' (Α 53), s. Sommer Zum Zahlwort 28f., 33 and details, e. g. Boeot. ἐνακηδεκάτη and ἐνναετήρω (Hes. Op. 436); also Schwyzer 590f.. - On ἐνενήκοντα s. v.; to ἔνατος cf. δέκατος s. δέκα.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [318] *h₁n(e)u̯n̥ `nine'Etymology: Beside Skt. náva, Lat. novem (with -m after decem, septem), Goth. niun, Lith. devynì, OCS devętь (with d- through dissimilation against -n- or after dẽšimt, desętь) etc., all from IE *h₁neu̯n̥, Gr. ἐννέ(Ϝ)α, *ἐνϜα- (*h₁n̥u̯n̥; from where εἰνα-, ἐνα- etc.) like Arm. inn (= inǝn, disyllabic) show forms beginning with vowel, IE *h₁neu̯n̥, *h₁nu̯n̥; unclear Thrac. ενεα (v. Blumenthal IF 51, 115). -A special problem presents the geminate in ἐννέα. Acc. to Ward Lang. 24, 50ff. caused by the length in ἑπτά, ὀκτω (improbable); acc. to Sommer Zum Zahlwort 27 *ἐν| Ϝα- changed *ἐ| νέϜα to *ἐν|| νέϜα (improbable). Diff. again Wackernagel KZ 28, 132ff. (= Kl. Schr. 1, 614ff.); thus Schwyzer 591. S. also Belardi Doxa 3, 204f. - Connection with `new', νέος is impossible because of the * h₁-. Wrong Szemerényi, Syncope 107-118 (who does not accept the laryngeal).Page in Frisk: 1,519-520Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐννέα
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14 λάβρος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `furious, boisterous, violent, fierce' (Ion. poet., late prose).Compounds: Some compp., e. g. λαβρ-αγόρης `fierce boaster' (Ψ 479; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2,94f.), κατά-λαβρος `very furious' (Eup. 293; after κατα-λαβεῖν?).Derivatives: Two fish-names: λάβρᾱξ, -ᾱκος m. `bass, Labrax lupus' (Alc., com.; Chantraine Formation 381, Björck Alpha impurum 262, Strömberg Fischnamen 34 f.; Thompson Fishes s. v.) with λαβράκιον (com.); λάβριχος (Böot., IIa); s. Lacroix Mél. Boisacq 2, 51. Abstracts: λαβροσύνη `furiousness, fierce arguing' (AP, Opp.; Wyss - συνη 71), λαβρότης `id.' (Ath.) with λαβροσιάων χορτασμοῦ ἀκόσμου H. Denomin. verbs: 1. λαβρεύομαι `discuss furiously' (Ψ 474 a. 478), prob. after ἀγορεύω (Risch 282 f.; acc. to Debrunner Mus. Helv.2,199 rather after μωμεύω, ἐπι-λωβεύω); 2. λαβρόομαι `rush violently' (Lyc.); 3. λαβράζω = λαβρεύομαι a. λαβρόομαι (Nic., Lyc.) with λαβράκτης = λαβραγόρης (Pratin. Lyr.5); 4. λαβρύσσει λαβρεύει, δειλαίνει (?) H.; cf. λαφύσσω a.o. (Debrunner IF 21, 244).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Of old connected with λαβεῖν, λάζομαι (improbable). Diff. suggestion by Schulze KZ 42, 233 (= Kl. Schr. 372): to Lat. rabies with old dissimilation (Schwyzer 258) like ἄκρος: aciēs, μακρός, macer: maciēs etc. The dissimilation would have to be older than the proth. vowel before ρ-; (improbable); cf. Bq s. v. Fur. compares λαμυρός `gluttonous' (208), λαφύσσω `swallow' (177), λαῦρος f.l. for λάβρος (242); uncertain. If λαβραξ is typical, it seems Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,66-67Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λάβρος
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15 λέπας
Grammatical information: n. (only nom.-acc. sg.)Meaning: `bare rock, mountain' (Simon., A., E., Th.).Derivatives: λεπαῖος `rocky' (E.); λεπάς, - άδος f. `limpet' (Alc. Z 36, 2 [not certain], Epich., com., Arist.), as the animal clings with his foot to the rock (cf. H. λεπάδες τὰ πρὸς ταῖς πέτραις κεκολλημένα κογχύλια); acc. to WP. 2, 429 and W.-Hofmann s. lepidus however of λέπος, λεπίς `shell, scale'.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: From λέπας: λεπαστή (- άστη) f. `limpet-like beaker' (com.) with λεπαστίς, - ίδος `id.' (vase-inscr., H.); on the formation Schwyzer 503; Lat. LW [loanword] lepista, - esta; λέπαστρον σκεῦός τι ἁλιευτικόν H. (cf. δέπαστρον a.o.; Chantraine Form. 333 f.); λεπαδεύομαι 'collect λ.' (H., Phot.). The similarity between λέπας and Lat. lapis, - idis m. (f.) `stone' shows a common origin (against this Ernout-Meillet s. v.); the Lat. a-vowel is explained as ablaut (s. W.-Hofmann s. v. [most improbable]), also as derailment (after capis `bowl with one handle' [idem]; Petersen Lang. 14, 49[?]). WP. 2, 431 considers (doubting) a loan from a mediterranean language; thus Hubschmid 3me Congrès int. de toponymie et d'anthroponymie II 189 (to Iberorom. lapa `flat stone, hollow' etc). Improbable Alessio Onomastica 2, 189; s. Belardi Doxa 3, 212. - The old connection with λέπω `peel off' ( λέπας `bare rock') is still (despite Bq) considered.Page in Frisk: 2,105Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λέπας
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16 λέσχη
λέσχη Bremmer WAAR?Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `room, builing as meeting place' (σ 329, Hes.); `grave' (Rhodos); see H. Bolkestein MAWNied. 84B: 3 (1937) 18ff.Compounds: ἔλ-λεσχος `commonly talked off' (Hdt. 1, 153; from ἐν λέσχῃ), πρό-λεσχος `eager to talk' (A. Supp. 200; cf. πρό-χειρος a.o.; ἀδο-λέσχης (s.s.v.).Derivatives: λεσχήν, - ῆνος m. `chatterer' (Timo 46); λεσχην-εῖ ὁμιλεῖ, μυθολογεῖ H. - λεσχαῖος ἐξηγητής, ὁμιλητής H.; λεσχάραι οἷον αἱ σχολαί... (EM561, 17). See Solmsen Wortforsch. 124 f. - Two month names of unclear formation: Λεσχανάσιος (Tegea), Λεσχανόριος (Thessal., Gortyn); also Άπόλλων Λεσχηνόριος (from the λέσχαι which were under his protection?).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Mostly connected with λέχος, from *λέχσκᾱ. As Greek has no nomin. suffix - sk-, and as a k-suffix from the zero grade *λεχσ- is also improbable, one assumes a σκ-present *λέχ-σκ-εται (\> *λέσχεται); but there is no trace of this verb. The same formation was assumed for OHG. lëscan ' löschen' (as `lie down'); also for Celtic, e. g. OIr. lesc `lazy', where it is quite uncertain. - As the room was not for lying down, this etymology (supposing *λεσχεται really existed) is improbable. - Long ago the agreement with Hebr. liškāh was observed. This cannot be ignored. It was assumed that Greek had the word from the Near East (West, East Face 38; not the other way round, ib.), but as the word is isolated in NWSemitic, Schrader (FS Jahrh.feier Univ. Breslau, 1911, 469) already assumed that both languages had it from Anatolia, which seems the most probable interpretation. Thus Fur. 295, 257, who points out that the suffix of λεσχάραι is non-Greek; he also points to the Hebr. variant niškāh, which may point to Anat. l\/n, as in Fur. 388. Thus now Bremmer, WAAR?See also: weitere Lit. s. λέχεται.Page in Frisk: 2,107-108Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λέσχη
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17 οἴμη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `song, chant, saga, tale' (Od., A. R., Call. a.o.); in similar use also οἶμος ἀοιδῆς (h. Merc. 451), ἐπέων οἶμον (Pi. O. 9, 47), λύρης οἴμους (Call. Iov. 97).Derivatives: ἄοιμον ἄρρητον H., substant. hypostasis προοίμ-ιον (Pi., Att. prose), φροίμ-ιον (trag.) n., prop. "what stands πρὸ οἴμης or πρὸ οἴμου ( οἵμου, s. οἶμος)", `start of the song, introductory chant, introduction, preamble', Lat. pro- oemium, cf. Koller Phil. 100, 187 ff. Unclear παροιμία, s. v.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Because of the occasional connection of masc. οἶμος with song and play, it is obvious to connect οἴμη with οἶμος `walk, way'. The word would have got a special meaning in the language of the Aoedes. Thus (after the old interpretation, s. Curtius 401) a.o. still Güntert Kalypso 201 ff., Becker Das Bild des Weges 36f., 68ff., Bieler RhM 85, 240ff., Diehl RhM 89, 88, Nilsson Die Antike 14, 27; also Pagliaro Ric. ling. 2, 25 ff. (to the group of ἱμάς, s. v.; similarly a. o. Čop Sprache 6, 5). -- After Osthoff BB 24, 158ff. however οἴμη and οἶμος `song' must be separated from οἶμος `walk, way' and connected with OWNo seiðr m. `kind of sorcery', Skt. sā́man n. `song', what supposes partly suffixchange (* soi-mā: * soi-to-s), partly an ablaut sē[i]-: soi- (which is improbable); cf. WP. 2, 509 f. Improbable Benveniste BSL 50, 39 f. (from *som-i̯o- to Hitt. išhamāi- `sing'); cf. Bader, BSL 85(1990)36.Page in Frisk: 2,363Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > οἴμη
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18 οὖλος 2
οὖλος 2.Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: A. of κόμη, λάχνη, χλαῖνα, τάπητες etc. (Il.), as 1. member in οὑλό-θριξ, - κάρηνος, - κομος a.o. (Od., Hdt., Alex., Arist.); also of plants as ἕλιξ, σέλινον (Simon., Hdt.), `frizzy, shaggy, woolly, crinkly'; B. later of ξύλον, δένδρον a.o. (Thphr.), also of the voice (Plu., AP), of movements (Call.) `compact, dense, thick, πυκνός, συνεστραμμένος'.Derivatives: To A. οὑλάς f. of χαίτη (Nic.); to B οὔλιος of χλαμύς; οὑλάς also as subst. = πήρα, θύλακος (Call., AP, H.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: In the meaning `frizzy etc.' οὖλος can be connected with our problem with εἰλέω `roll, turn, wind' (Bechtel Lex. with Buttmann). The later attested meaning `compact, thick etc.' agrees in fact better with εἰλέω `press together', but we may have a semantic shift ('twisted' \> `compact'; cf. συστρέφειν), and the two verbs can in general not always be separated (cf. s.vv.). -- But the morphology is difficult; the (pace Bechtel s.v.) phonetically possible bases *Ϝόλσος or *Ϝόλνος fit better for a subst. (improbable is a form *ὄ-Ϝλ-ος proposed by B., zero grade with prothesis as was - wrongly - supposed for ὄ-τλ-ος); a reduplicated *Ϝό-Ϝλ-ος is also improbable (on the digamma Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 125). Cf. ἴουλος.Page in Frisk: 2,444-445Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > οὖλος 2
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19 σφαῖρα
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `sphere, ball, balls in a boxing-glove, globe' (Od.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. σφαιρο-ειδής `spherical' (IA.), ἐπί-σφαιρα n. pl. `leather coating of boxing-balls, boxing-gloves', also of the cover of the point of a sword (Plb., Plu.).Derivatives: 1. σφαιρ-ηδόν `like a ball, sphere' (Ν 204 a. o.) 2. - ίον dimin. (Pl. Ep., hell. a. late). 3. - εύς m. des. of young men in Sparta (after the boxing-gloves; Paus., inscr.; Bosshardt 75). 4. - ικός (Archyt., Arist. etc.; Chantraine Études 131 f.), - ειος (Arist.-comm.) `spherical'. 5. - ῖτις κυπάρισσος (Gal.; after the form of the fruits?, cf. Redard 77); *-ίτης ( ἄρτος) in Lat. spaerīta m. kind of cake (Cato; Leumann Sprache 1, 206 = Kl. Schr. 173). 6. - ών, - ῶνος m. `round fishing-net' (Opp.), 7. - ίζω ( ἀντι-, δια-, συν-) `to play at ball' (Att.; φαιρίδδειν σφαιρίζειν H.) with - ισις (Arist.), - ισμός (Artem.), - ισμα (Eust.) `ball-game', - ιστής `ball-player', - ιστικός `belonging to a ball-game', - ιστήριον `ball-court, -house', - ίστρα `id.' (hell. a. late). 8. - όομαι, - όω ( ἀπο-, δια-, ἐν-) `to be round, to round off, to provide with a round edge' (X., Arist., hell. a. late) with - ωμα `rounded body' (Arist. a.o.), - ωσις `sphere-formation' (late), - ωτήρ, - ῆρος m. "rounded object", `knob, bulb or such' (Tab. Heracl., hell. pap.); s. Solmsen IF 31, 492ff.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Formation like πεῖρα, σπεῖρα, μοῖρα a.o. (s. vv. w. lit.). -- No agreement outside Greek. If prop. referring to the quick movement of a ball, one could connect σφαῖρα to σπαίρω a. cognates; s. v. w. further lit. Attempts, to explains the variation σπ- σφαῖρα σφ-, in Hiersche Ten. aspiratae 196 f. [improbable] Cf. also σφῦρα, σφυρόν and σπύραθοι, σπυράδες [Pre-Greek]. -- From σφαῖρα Syr. êspērō, Aethiop. ṣpīr (Schwyzer 159 a. 161), Arm. sp`er̄ (from where Georg. spero; Bailey Trans. Phil. Soc. 1945, 28). On σφαῖρα in gen. s. Hommel Gymn. 56, 201 ff., S. Mendner Das Ballspiel im Leben der Völker (Münster 1956) 77ff. -- Connection with σπαίρω is improbable.Page in Frisk: 2,826-827Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σφαῖρα
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20 Άμαζών
Άμαζών, - όνοςMeaning: mostly. pl.; mythical people (Il.).Derivatives: Άμαζονίδες (Pi.)Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Iran.XEtymology: Improbable Jacobsohn KZ 54, 278ff.: Greek from *a-mangi̯on- "the man-less", to OCS. mǫžь `man' etc. - Lagercrantz Xenia Lidéniana (1912) 270ff. explained the name from Iranian * ha-mazan- `warrior', cf. ἁμαζακάραν (Ir. kar- `make') πολεμεῖν. Πέρσαι H., but Mayrhofer, Studi Pisani, 1969, 2, 661 - 666 shows that this word does not exist and is improbable. - See now Rolle, Beitr. z. Arch. Nordwestdeutschlands und Mitteleuropas edd. Krüger - Stephan, 1980, 275 - 294 on Scythian tombs of women buried with weapons; and W. Tyrrell, Amazons 1994. - S. ἀντιάνειρα s.v. ἀνήρ.Page in Frisk: 1,83-84Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Άμαζών
См. также в других словарях:
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Improbable — is a 2005 Science Fiction Thriller novel by author Adam Fawer. It is the story of a gifted young man named David Caine, who has been troubled by debilatating epilleptic seizures to the extent that his medical condition has thrown his life… … Wikipedia
improbable — adjetivo 1. Que es difícil que ocurra: Es improbable que mañana llueva, está el cielo muy claro. Antónimo: probable … Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española
improbable — index disputable, doubtful, implausible, impossible, incredible, unbelievable, unforeseeable, unsound ( … Law dictionary
improbable — (adj.) 1590s, from assimilated form of IN (Cf. in ) (1) not, opposite of + PROBABLE (Cf. probable), or else from L. improbabilis. Related: Improbably … Etymology dictionary
improbable — see probable … Modern English usage
improbable — [adj] not likely doubtful, dubious, fanciful, far fetched, flimsy*, hundred to one*, iffy*, implausible, inconceivable, not expected, outside chance*, questionable, rare, slim, slim and none*, unbelievable, uncertain, unconvincing, unheard of,… … New thesaurus
improbable — adj. No probable … Diccionario de la lengua española
improbable — ► ADJECTIVE ▪ not likely to be true or to happen. DERIVATIVES improbability noun (pl. improbabilities) improbably adverb … English terms dictionary
improbable — [im präb′ə bəl] adj. [L improbabilis] not probable; not likely to happen or be true; unlikely improbability n. pl. improbabilities improbably adv … English World dictionary
