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1 κεντέω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `sting' (Pi.).Other forms: aor. κένσαι (Ψ 337), κεντῆσαι (Hp., κέντᾱσα Theoc. 19, 1), pass. κεντηθῆναι (Arist.) with κεντηθήσομαι (Hdt.), κεντήσω (S.), κεκέντημαι (Hp.),Derivatives: 1. κένσαι for *κέντ-σαι (Schwyzer 287) points to κεντ- (present or aorist?; s. below) of which the dental before dental gave κεσ-. Thus κεσ-τός (\< *κεντ-τός) `stitched' (ep.; Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 17); κέσ-τρον `pointed iron ' (Plin.) with κεστρωτός and κέστρωσις (H.; *κεστρόω), κέσ-τρος `kind of arrow etc.' (Plb., D. H., H.) with dimin. κεστρίον (Attica) and κέστρειον `stock of arrows (?)' (Delos IIIa); κέσ-τρα f. `sharp hammer, arrow' (S., Ph. Bel., Hero), also a fishname = σφύραινα (Ar.; after te form of the body, Strömberg Fischnamen 35); here κεστρεύς `mullet' (IA.; Bosshardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 51) and κεστρῖνος, - ινίσκος `id.' (Com.). - 2. Through reshaping after κεντ-έω (not with ρο-suffix as Fraenkel KZ 42, 118 n. 1) rose κέντρον `sting', as geometrical term. techn. `resting bone of a compass, center of a cirkel' (Il.), with many compounds and derivv., e. g. κεντρ-ηνεκής `driven by the sting' (Il.; cf. with diff. function δουρ-, ποδ-ηνεκής); subst. κέντρων s. v.; adj. like κεντρικός, κεντρώδης, κεντρήεις; fish- and plant names as κεντρίνης, κεντρίσκος, κεντρίτης (Strömberg Fischnamen 47, Redard Les noms grecs en - της 83, 111); denomin. verbs κεντρόω `with a sting, sting' (IA), κεντρίζω `sting' (X.); from κέντρον as backformation κέντωρ m. `goader, driver' (Il., AP; Fraenkel Glotta 2, 32). - 3. From κεντέω ( κεντῆ-σαι, - σω): κέντημα `the sting, the mosaic' (Arist., inscr. Smyrna [Rom. Emp.]), κεντητής `mosaic-worker' ( Edict. Diocl.), κεντητήριον `picker' (Luc.), κεντητικός `stingy' (Thphr.), κεντητός `stitched, with mosaic' (Epikt., pap.). - 4. With old ablaut κοντός m. "the stinger", `pole, crutch, staf to drive on cattle' (ι 487; LW [loanword] Lat. contus with percontor) with κοντά-κιον, - άριον, - ίλος, - ωτός a. o.; here κοντός `short' (Adam.) from κοντο-μάχος, - βόλος, - βολέω, where κοντός was taken as `short'; thus in κοντο-πορεία (Plb.), s. Hatzidakis Festschrift Kretschmer 35ff.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [567] *ḱent- `sting'Etymology: To the sigmatic aorist κένσαι \< *κέντ-σαι was after unknown example a present κεντ-έω created (cf. Schwyzer 706), to which came κεντῆ-σαι, κεντή-σω etc. - Other languages have only isolated nominal formations: OHG hantag `pointed', deriv. from PGm. * handa- (formally = κοντός), Latv. sīts `hunting spear' (= Lith. *šiñtas \< IE. *ḱentos- n.?), and some Celtic words, e. g. Bret. kentr `spur', Welsh cethr `nail', but these are all prob. loans from Lat. centrum. - See W.-Hofmann 2, 423, Pok. 567.Page in Frisk: 1,820-821Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κεντέω
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2 μέλας
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `dark-coloured, black' (Il.); μελάν-τερος (Il.), - τατος (IA.), late μελανώτερος Str.), μελαινοτάτη ( Epigr. Gr., AP; Leumann Mus. Helv. 2,9f. = Kl.Schr. 223f.).Compounds: Very often as 1. member, e.g. μελάγ-χροος (pl. - ες), - χροιής, - χρής, - χρως- μελανό-χροος etc. `with dark skin' (see Sommer Nominalkomp. 21ff.; also Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 52 a. 80); μελαγ-χιμος `dark, black' (A., E., X.), with faded 2. member, cp. δύσ-χιμος and Sommer 71ff.; μελάν-δετος prob. `dark-striped' or `with dark bands' (O713, A., E.; Trümpy Fachausdrücke 62, Risch 189); μελάν-δρυ-ος `of black wood (δόρυ)' (A. Fr. 251), n. `heart-wood, marrow' (Thphr., Strömberg Theophrastea 128), pl. `piece of tunny', with which μελάν-δρυς m. `tunny' (Pamphil.; Strömberg Fischnamen 128); μελάμ-πυρον n. (- ος m.) `ball-mustard, Neslia paniculata' (Thphr., Gal.); with the form. cf. διόσπυρον (s.v.), on the meaning Carnoy REGr. 71, 96; μελαγ-κάλαμον n. dvandva `ink and pen' (pap. Vp, Maas Glotta 35, 299f.). Often in PN, with as shortnames e.g. Μελαινεύς, Μελανεύς, Μελανθεύς, Μέλανθος (Boßhardt 95, 101, 154, Schwyzer 263).Derivatives: 1. μελαιν-άς f. name of a dark-coloured fish (Cratin. [?]; Strömberg Fischnamen 22); - ίς f. name of a sea-shell (Sophr., Herod., Xenokr.), also name of Aphrodite in Corinth (Ath.). 2. μελάν-ιον n. `ink' (pap., Edict. Diocl.; from μέλαν, Georgacas Glotta 36, 169). 3. μελαν-ία f. `blackness, black shadow, black colour' (X., Arist.), - ότης f. `blackness' (Arist.: λευκότης). 4. μελανός = μέλας (Sp.), - όν n. `black pigment' ( Sammelb. IVp); after κελαινός, ὀρφνός etc.; μελαιναῖος `id.' ( Orac. Sib.; after κνεφαῖος a.o.; Chantraine Form. 47); μελανώδης `blackish' (EM). -- Denominative verbs: 1. μελαίνομαι, -ω `become, make dark, black' (Il.); from this μέλανσις f. `blackening' (Arist.), μέλασ-μα n. `black spot, black paint' (Hp.), - μός m. `blackening, black spot' (Hp., Plu.), μελαντηρ-ία f. `black pigment, blackness' (IG 22, 1672, Arist.), - ιον `stain' (sch.). 2. μελάνω `become (make?) black' (H 64; Schwyzer 700, Shipp Studies 37). 3. μελανέω intr. `id.' (Thphr., A. R., Call.)Etymology: To μέλᾱς \< *μέλᾰν-ς, μέλαινα (\< - αν- ι̯α), μέλᾰν is τάλᾱς, τάλαινα, τάλαν a parallel, where it must be noted that τάλας seems to be an orig. ντ-stem. --The identification of μέλαινα with Skt. f. malinī (supp. IE *melh₂n-i̯ǝ), to which a consonantic m. μελαν- was innovated for an older *μέλανος = Skt. malina-'dirty' (Schwyzer IF 30, 446ff. after Brugmann Grundr. 2: 1, 256 n. 1), fails because malinī is known only as a gloss and in the sense of `menstruating woman'; masc. malina- is further an ep.-class. deriv. from Ved. mála- n. `dirt'; s. Sommer Nominalkomp. 25, Wackernagel-Debrunner II: 2, 351 f. Of the many words cited under the words mel- indicating colour in WP. 2, 293 f., Pok. 720 f. only a few Baltic formations with n-suffix are interesting, Latv. męl̃ns `black' (see Fraenkel Gnomon 22, 237), OPr. melne `blue spot', mīlinan acc. f. `spot' (further Fraenkel Wb. s. mė́las 2). -- Further s. μολύνω, also μελίνη and μώλωψ.Page in Frisk: 2,198-199Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέλας
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3 πλάταξ
πλάταξ, - ακοςGrammatical information: m.Derivatives: πλατάκιον n. `id.' (pap. II--IIIp).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: After Ath. " ἀπὸ τοῦ περιέχοντος", d.h. after the exceeding greatness, so from πλατύς, what may be possible (s. bel). Not with Strömberg Fischnamen 75 because of the sound it makes to πλαταγέω `clap', as this does not fit with the cracking sound of the κορακῖνος (on this Strömberg 70 f.). -- Besides πλατίστακος (- κός) m., after Dorio ap. Ath. 3, 118c the greatest kind of the fish called μύλλος; after Parmeno ibd. 7, 308 f. however synonymous with σαπερδης and with κορακῖνος; metaph. = τὸ γυναικεῖον αἰδοῖον (H., Phot.). -- Seemingly from *πλάτιστος popularly enlarged (cf. Strömberg Fischnamen 31 f. with unconvincing analysis); not really convincing. -- The word will be Pre-Greek (- ακ- is the most frequent Pre-Greek suffix).Page in Frisk: 2,553Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πλάταξ
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4 ἄκανθα
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `thorn, thistle', name of different thorny plants (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 17), also `backbone, spine' of fishes, snake, man (Od.). Note ἄκανθος m. `acanthus' (Acanthus mollis).Other forms: ἀκανθίας kind of shark; grasshopper (cf. Strömberg Fischnamen 47, Wortstudien 17); ἀκανθίς name of a bird (`goldfinch' or `linnet', cf. Thompson Birds s. v.), also a plant; ἀκανθυλλίς bird-name (Thompson s. v.), ἀκανθίων `hedgehog', ἀκανθέα a plant, ἀκανθηλή meaning unknown.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: The basic meaning is `thorn', and from there `backbone, spine'. Usually, ἄκανος `pine-thistle' is considered basic, but a connection with ἄνθος is improbable; a compound *ἄκ-ανθα `Stachelblume' (Kretschmer Einleitung 403 A. 1) is a type of etymology of the past. ἄκαν-θα acc. to Solmsen Wortf. 264. Belardi assumes an Indo-Mediterranean substr. word, connecting Skt. kaṇṭ(h)a-, but such combinations with Sanskrit are mostly incorrect, the Indo-Med. hypothesis quite doubtful. Most probable is a (Greek) substr. element, though in this case there is no positive indication except short -α (Beekes, Pre-Greek). There is no reason to assume a secondary Greek formation, as assumed by DELG. - One connects ἀκαλανθίς = ἀκανθίς (Ar.); Niedermann Glotta 19, 8ff. through metathesis of *ἀκανθαλίς.Page in Frisk: 1,50Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄκανθα
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5 ἀλφηστής
ἀλφηστής, - ουGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `grain-eating' (Od.)Dialectal forms: Dor. ἀλφηστᾱ́ς a fish `Labrus cinaedus' (Epich.); also calles κίναιδος, cf. Strömberg Fischnamen 56; also Thompson, Fishes.Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Clearly from ἄλφι, in opposition to ὠμηστής, plus * h₁ed- `eat', in the expression ἀνέρες ἀλφησταί. In antiquity, strangely enough, not understood, cf. ἀλφηστῃ̃σι τοῖς εὑρετικοῖς καὶ συνετοῖς H., which is mostly (correctly?) rendered by `enterprising' and derived from ἀλφάνω (which seems also doubtful; the gloss rather means `intelligent', and does not refer to ἀλφάνω). The - ι- lost for metrical reasons, Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 38.Page in Frisk: --Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀλφηστής
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6 ἀμία
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `kind of tunny, which ascends rivers', perh. bonito (Sotad. Com.).Other forms: - ίας m.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unknown. Thompson Fishes s. v. supposes Egyptian origin ( mehi, mḥit name of a fish). Cf. Strömberg Fischnamen 128; De Saint Denis, Animaux marins s.v.Page in Frisk: 1,93Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμία
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7 ἀμύς
ἀμύς, - ύδοςGrammatical information: f.Other forms: Also ἐμύς (Arist. HA 588a8, H.)Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Considered contamination of ἐμύς `id.' und ἀμία `tunny' by Strömberg Fischnamen 81; improb. Perhaps in πήλαμυς (s.v.)? No doubt a substr. word; cf. the form with ἐ-. Fur. 347.Page in Frisk: 1,97Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμύς
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8 ἀνθίας
ἀνθίας, - ουGrammatical information: m.Meaning: a fish, `Labrus anthias' (Anan.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Because of the colour, to ἄνθος, s. Strömberg Fischnamen 26; otherwise Thompson Fishes s.v.Page in Frisk: 1,108Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀνθίας
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9 ἀρνευτήρ
ἀρνευτήρ, - ῆροςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `jumper'; also a bird (Il.). Sch. AT zu Μ 385: ἀρνευτηρ· ὁ κυβιστήρ, παρὰ τοὺς ἄρνας οὗτοι γὰρ κυβιστῶσιν ὥσπερ τὸν ἀέρα κυρίττοντες [the idea of the latter addition is unclear to me].Other forms: ἀρνευτής m. epithet of a fish (Numen. ap. Ath.; cf. Strömberg Fischnamen 50).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Derived from the stem ἀρνευ- seen in ἀρνηϜ- in ἀρνειός; βυτ τηε οριγιν οφ ἀρνευ- is not clear: one suggests ἀρήν (or ἄρσην: improbable). See Fur. 235 on ἄρναπον τὸν ἄρνα H. (Latte reads ἀρνάριον); he prefers an separate root for `jump'.Page in Frisk: 1,146Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀρνευτήρ
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10 ἀστήρ
ἀστήρ, - έροςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `star' (Il.).Derivatives: ἀστέριον, also name of a plant (Crateuas; s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 48, 50); - ἀστερίας fish- and bird name (Philyll.), Strömberg Fischnamen 28, Thompson Birds 57); ἀστερίτης ( λίθος) name of a mythical stone (Ptol. Heph., cf. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 52), fem. ἀστερῖτις a plant (Ps.-Apul., Redard 69).Etymology: Compare Arm. astɫ `id.', further e.g. Bret. sterenn, Goth. staírno, Toch. B ścirye, Av. acc. sg. stār-ǝm, Skt. nom. pl. tā́raḥ (the absence of the s- unexplained), instr. stŕ̥-bhiḥ; Lat. stella \< * stēr-lā or rather * stēl-nā, Hitt. hasterza \/ hsterz\/. Not here ἀστεροπή (q.v.) - Krogmann KZ 63, 256ff. and v. Windekens Revue belge de phil. 21, 141ff. connected PIE. ā̆s- `burn', Pok. 68, which seems quite probable. Sumerian-Babylonian origin ( Ištar `Venus'; z. B. Ipsen IF 41, 179ff.) is most improbable, cf. Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 481, Specht KZ 62, 249 m. A. 3, Scherer Gestirnnamen 23 (also p. 18ff.).Page in Frisk: 1,170-171Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀστήρ
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11 ἀτταγᾶς
ἀτταγᾶς, -ᾱGrammatical information: m.Derivatives: ἀτταγηνάριον (Gramm.), ταγηνάριον (Suid.); ταγήν = ἀτταγήν (Suid.). Fish name ἀτταγῖνος (Dorio ap. Ath., ms. - εινός), after the colour? (Strömberg Fischnamen 120, but s. Lacroix, Ant, Class. 6, 1937, 295).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: On the formation Schwyzer 461 and 487, Chantr. Form. 31 and 167; Björck Alpha impurum 63 und 272; Strömberg Wortstudien 45; also Hubschmid, Thesaurus 2, 119. - Unexplained; Ael. N. A. 4, 42 calls it onomatopoetic, after the cry. It could be a substr. word (suffix - ην). - Cf. ἀτταβυγάς εἶδος ὀρνέου H..Page in Frisk: 1,182Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀτταγᾶς
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12 αὔξω
Grammatical information: v.Other forms: ἀέξω (Il.), αὐξάνω (Ion.-Att.), aor. αὐξῆσαι. [Unhappily, αὔξω and αὐξάνω are not treated separately in LSJ.]Derivatives: αὔξησις (ion. att.). - αὐξίς, - ίδος f. `young of the tunny' (Phryn. Com.; Strömberg Fischnamen 127).Etymology: PIE root * h₂eug-, h₂ueg- with -s- (prob. in origin only pres.). Without -s- we have Lat. augeo, Goth. aukan, Lith. áugti `wachsen' (acute through the -g-, Winter's Law). s-stem in Lat. augus-tus, Skt. ójas- n. `strength'. Toch. B auks-, A oks- `grow', perhaps in Lat. auxilia n. pl. `reinforcements', Lith. áukštas `high'. * h₂weg- in Germ., e. g. Goth. wahsjan, Skt. vakṣáyati `make grow', Av. vaxš- `id'. Perhaps Lat. vegeo is the s-less form (with long vowel Skt. vā́ja- m. `strength', Goth. wokrs m. `gain, interest'), for which Iranian, e.g. OP vazraka- `big', shows palatal ǵ (depalat. after u ?). Zero grade * ug-s- in Skt. pres. ptc. úkṣant-, ukṣámāṇa- and Av. pres. uxšyeiti `grows'; without -s Skt. and Av. ugrá- `big, stong'. - On the ablaut cf. ἀλκ-ή: ἀλέξ-ω.Page in Frisk: 1,187-188Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > αὔξω
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13 βαιός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `small, slight' (Parm.);Other forms: Cf. ἠβαιός (Il.).Derivatives: βαιών, - όνος m. a small worthless fish = βλέννος (Epich.), cf. Strömberg Fischnamen 32, Chantraine Étrennes Benveniste 10. On the meaning `μέτρον παρὰ Άλεξανδρεῦσι' (H.) s. βαΐς.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The word has been compared with ἠβαιός. Fur. 378 takes the ἠ- as prothesis and as sign of Pre-Gr. origin; uncertain.Page in Frisk: 1,210Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βαιός
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14 βάκχος
Grammatical information: ?Meaning: a fish, kind of κεστρεύς (Hicesios apud Ath. 306 e)Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βάκχος
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15 βάλαγρος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: a freshwater fish, kind of carp (Arist.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: S. Thompson Fishes s. v., Strömberg Fischnamen 39. Fur. 116 compares βάρακος ἰχθὺς ποιός H.; uncertain. Certainly Pre-Greek because of the variation.Page in Frisk: 1,212Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βάλαγρος
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16 βαμβραδών
βαμβραδών, - όνοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: kind of sprat (Epich.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: One has derived the word from βράζω, comparing βαμβρασμός καχλασμός; βαμβράσσει ὀργίζεται (Cyr.) in the idea that the fish was called after the sound it makes (`when fried?', adds DELG); on the principle s. Strömberg Fischnamen 63ff. Improbable; rather Pre-Gr., given the variants. For the formation cf. τενθρηδών, τερηδών (Schwyzer 529f., Chantr., Form. 360f.).Page in Frisk: 1,218Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βαμβραδών
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17 βασιλεύς
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `king', esp. the Persian king, prince' (Il.).Derivatives: Femin.: βασίλεια (Od.); βασιλίς (S.), βασιληΐς (Man., Epigr. Gr. 989, 3), βασίλισσα (inscr. Athens 337a, Com.; from words like Κίλισσα, Φοίνισσα a.o. to stems in - ικ-); βασίλιννα `wife of the ἄρχων βασιλεύς in Athens' (D.; cf. Κόριννα, Φίλιννα etc., hypocor., Schwyzer 491; diff. Chant. Form. 205). - Diminut. βασιλίσκος, also name of a snake, fish etc.. (Hp.; cf. Strömberg Fischnamen 91f.), - Adj. βασιλήϊος (Od.), βασίλειος (Att.); f. also βασιληΐς (Il.); n. substantivised βασιλήϊον, βασίλειον, `kings palace' (Ion.-Att.) - Denom. verb: βασιλεύω (Il.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Beside βασιλεύς Greek has two other words for `king', κοίρανος (q. v.) and ἄναξ (q. vv.). βασιλεύς is the youngest, s. Wackernagel Unt. 209ff. The word is no doubt of Pre-Greek origin (i.e. not a loanword from another country); labio-velars are well known in this language.Page in Frisk: 1,222-223Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βασιλεύς
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18 βάτος 1
βάτος 1.Grammatical information: f., m.Meaning: `bramble, Rubs ulmifolius' (Od.). Also a fish, `skate' (Epich.), because of its spines (Strömberg Fischnamen 47);Derivatives: βατία ( βατιά?) `thicket' (Pi.); βάτιον mulberry on Salamis (Parth.), s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 53; βατίς `skate' (Epich.) s. Thompson Fishes s. v.; name of a bird (Arist. HA 592b 17: ὄρνις σκωληκοφάγος), cf. Thompson Birds s. v.; name of a plant `Crithmum maritimum' (Plin.); βατόεις `thorny' (Nic.). - Not here Βατίεια = σῆμα Μυρίνης (Β 813) and the PN Βάτεια (Hellanic.), which are rather Illyrian, s. Heubeck Würzburger Jahrbücher 4 (1949-50) 202ff.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Bertoldi Glotta 21, 258ff. points to μαντία `blackberry' given by Dsc. 4, 37 as Dacian, and several other names with ma(n)t-, e.g. Alb. mand(ε) `mulberry'; s. also Fur. 209. A wide-spread word. S. also DELG.Page in Frisk: 1,226Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βάτος 1
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19 βάτραχος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `frog' (Hdt.). Also name of a fish `Lophius piscatorius' (Arist.), s. Strömberg Fischnamen 92f.).Other forms: Ion. βάθρακος with normal displacement of aspiration (Schwyzer 269, Lejeune, Phonét. 50); βότραχος (Hp.) and βρόταχος (Xenoph. 40, s. Bechtel Dial. 3, 109); βρατάχους βατράχους H.; - βρούχετος.. βάτραχον δε Κύπριοι H. (after βρυχάομαι?, Schwyzer 182); βύρθακος βάτραχος H.; βρύτιχοι βάτραχοι μικροὶ ἔχοντες οὑράς H. (cf. βρύω?); - βριαγχόνην βάτραχον. Φωκεῖς H. (mistake?; for *βρ(α)τ-αγχ-?); βρόγχος βάτραχος H. may also be a mistake); still βλίκανος, βλίκαρος, βλίχα(ς) (H., EM, Suid.); βλίταχος (H.). - βάβακοι ὑπὸ Ήλείων τέττιγες, ὑπὸ Ποντικῶν δε βάτραχοι H. ( βαβάζω, s. v.). - Mod. Gr. forms in Hatzidakis Lexikogr. Archiv ( Anh. Άθ. 26) 48ff., also G. Meyer IF 6, 107f.Derivatives: Demin. βατράχιον (Paus.), plant `Ranunculus' (Hp., Dsc., cf. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 119); βατραχίσκοι μέρος τι τῆς κιθάρας H.; on the suffixes Chantr. Form. 408. - βατραχίτης, - ῖτις ( λίθος; from the colour; Plin.; s. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 53).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Several variants will be due to folketymology or taboo, and also simple phonetic variation. A priori for all these forms a local, i.e. Pre-Gr. form is to be expected. To this will point the variation α\/ο. This holds also for βαρδακος if this must be read in H. for βαρακος βάραχος (Fur. 184 A. 2; s. Latte). The form may in origin have been onomat.? (cf. Grošelj, Živa Ant. 6 (1956) 235) βρατ-αχ-, cf. βρεκεκεξ. Or even * brt-ak-, from which the forms with - υ- might come ( βύρθακος, βρύτιχος). The desperate forms βριαγχόνη, βρόγχος (this form to be read for βρούχετος?) contain a (misread) prenasalized *( βρατ)αγχος, which would also point to Pre-Greek. On the χ-suffix in animal names Specht Ursprung 255. - The forms βλικ\/χ- and βάβακοι, of course, are etymologically unrelated. - For the meaning `hearth' Szemerényi, Gnomon 43 (1971) 660 refers to Alb. vatre.Page in Frisk: 1,226-227Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βάτραχος
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20 βελόνη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `needle' (Arist.)Derivatives: Demin. βελονίς (Hermipp.); both also as fish names, s. Strömberg Fischnamen 36f.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Cf. περόνη etc., Chantr. Form. 207. βάλλω is semantically not evident. Fick 1, 404 therefore connected Lith. geliù, gélti `sting'. β- for δ- Aeolic?Page in Frisk: 1,231-232Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βελόνη
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