the+fœtus

antīquus, a, um, adj. [a diff. orthog. for anticus, from ante] (of that which is before in time, while anticus denotes that which is before in space; cf. Vel. Long. p. 2223 P.), that has been or has been done before, old, ancient, former (opp. novus, that has not previously existed, new; while vetus, that has existed a long time, is opp. recens, that has not been long in existence, recent; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 11, 21; Lind. ad Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 154, and id. Capt. 1, 2, 29; Doed. Syn. IV. p. 82 sq.).

Lit.:

Juppiter Alcumenam rediget in antiquam concordiam conjugis,

to her former harmony with her husband, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 13:

hoc timet, Ne tua duritia antiqua illa etiam adaucta sit,

thy former severity, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 26; so id. Hec. 1, 2, 17; Lucr. 2, 900:

causam suscepisti antiquiorem memoriā tuā,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 25:

tres epistulas tuas accepi: igitur antiquissimae cuique respondeo,

id. Att. 9, 9: antiquior dies in tuis erat adscripta litteris, quam in Caesaris, an earlier or older date, id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3; Liv. 3, 58:

Nilus antiquo sua flumina reddidit alveo,

Ov. M. 1, 423 et saep.— Hence, subst.

antīqui, ōrum, m., the ancients, esp. the ancient writers (i. e. those whose age has been long past; while veteres denotes those who have lived and acted for a long time):

antiquorum auctoritas,

Cic. Am. 4, 13; so Hor. S. 1, 4, 117; 2, 2, 89 et saep.:

quod decus antiqui summum bonum esse dixerunt,

Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55:

habemus Scaurum in antiquis,

id. Brut. 30, 116; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 78 et saep.—And so in gen.:

in antiquis est sapientia,

Vulg. Job, 12, 12:

sapientia omnium antiquorum,

ib. Eccli. 39, 1:

dictum est antiquis,

ib. Matt. 5, 21 al.:

facere in antiquum,

to restore a thing to its former condition, to place on its old footing, Liv. 33, 40 dub.—Antiquus and vetus are often conjoined: veterem atque antiquam rem ( old and antiquated) novam ad vos proferam, Plaut. Am. prol. 118; id. Mil. 3, 1, 154; id. Most. 2, 2, 45; id. Poen. 5, 2, 18; id. Pers. 1, 2, 1; id. Trin. 2, 2, 106; Plin. Ep. 3, 6:

vetera tantum et antiqua mirari,

Tac. Or. 15:

simultas vetus et antiqua,

Juv. 15, 53; so id. 6, 21 al.—

an-tīquum, i, n., antiquity, the things of olden times:

Nec quicquam antiqui Pico, nisi nomina, restat,

Ov. M. 14, 396:

novissima et antiqua,

Vulg. Psa. 138, 5:

antiqua ne intueamini,

ib. Isa. 43, 18.—

Transf.

Poet., = praeteritus, past, gone by, former:

vulnus,

Ov. P. 1, 5, 38:

vigor,

id. Tr. 5, 12, 32:

carcer,

Luc. 6, 721; Val. Fl. 2, 394.—So often in eccl. Lat.:

dies antiqui,

Vulg. Deut. 4, 32; ib. Act. 15, 7:

anni,

ib. Mal. 3, 4:

tempora,

ib. Act. 15, 21.—

In comp. and sup., that is before or first in rank or importance, more or most celebrated, famous, preferable, or better (antiquior:

melior,

Non. p. 425, 32): genere antiquior, Att. ap. Non. p. 426, 3: quanto antiquius quam etc., Lucil. ib.; Varr. ib.: quod honestius, id mihi est antiquius, Cic. Att. 7, 3:

antiquior ei fuit laus et gloria quam regnum,

id. Div. 2, 37: antiquiorem mortem turpitudine habere, Auct. ad Her. 3, 3:

neque habui quicquam antiquius quam ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 11, 5:

ne quid existimem antiquius,

id. Phil. 13, 3: neque prius neque antiquius quicquam habuit, quam ut, etc., Vel. 2, 52; Suet. Claud. 11:

judiciorum causam antiquissimam se habiturum dixit,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1:

navalis apparatus ei antiquissima cura fuit,

id. Att. 10, 8; 12, 5; Liv. 1, 32; cf. id. 9, 31 al.—

With the access. idea of simplicity, purity, innocence, of the old fashion, good, simple, honest, etc. (cf. antiquitas, II. A., and our phrase the good old times):

antiquis est adulescens moribus,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 37; cf. id. Trin. 2, 2, 20:

homo antiquā virtute et fide,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 88:

homines antiqui, qui ex suā naturā ceteros fingerent,

people of the old stamp, Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 26:

vestigia antiqui officii,

id. ib. 10, 27:

vide quam sim antiquorum hominum,

id. Att. 9, 15:

vir sanctus, antiquus,

Plin. Ep. 2, 9.—

With the access. idea of veneration, honor, old, venerable, illustrious: antiquum veteres etiam pro nobili posuere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 22 Müll.:

terra antiqua potens armis,

Verg. A. 1, 531; 3, 164:

urbs,

id. ib. 11, 540:

Longior antiquis visa Maeotis hiems,

Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 2:

Sabinae,

id. Med. 11:

Amyclae,

id. M. 8, 314. —So, in eccl. Lat., after the Heb., of God:

Antiquus Dierum,

the Ancient of Days, Vulg. Dan. 7, 9; 7, 13; 7, 22.—

Sometimes = vetus, that has been in existence a long time, old: Athenae, antiquum opulentum oppidum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 470, 5:

mos,

id. ib. p. 506, 1: amnis, Att. ap. Non. p. 192, 6:

hospes,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 17 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 82: veterem Anchisen agnoscit amicum); so,

amicus,

Vulg. Eccli. 9, 14:

discipulus,

ib. Act. 21, 16:

artificium,

Cic. Verr. 1, 2, 5:

genus,

Nep. Dat. 2, 2:

templa,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 104:

antiquissima scripta,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 28: saxum antiquum (i. e. which for a long time had lain in this place), ingens, etc., Verg. A. 12, 897:

ne transfer terminos antiquos,

Vulg. Prov. 22, 28 et saep.—Hence, subst.: antīquum, i, n., an old custom or habit.

In mal. part.:

antiquum hoc obtines tuum, tardus ut sis,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 102. —

In bon. part.:

O optume hospes, pol Crito antiquum obtines!

Ter. And. 4, 5, 22:

Ac tu ecastor morem antiquum atque ingenium obtines,

id. Hec. 5, 4, 20.—

Aged: antiqua erilis fida custos corporis, Enn. Medea, ap. Non. p. 39, 2 (as a transl. of the Gr. IIalaion oikôn ktêma despoinês emês): Cives antiqui, amici majorum meūm, Pac. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155:

Butes,

Verg. A. 9, 647:

antiqui Neleïa Nestoris arva,

Ov. H. 1, 63; Dig. 50, 3, 1.—Hence, adv.: antīquē and an-tīquĭtŭs (formed from antiquus, as humanitus, divinitus, from humanus, divinus; cf. Prisc. p. 1015).

In former times, of old, anciently (only in prose; most freq. in the histt.; never in Cic.). Form antīquĭ-tŭs:

Belgas Rhenum antiquitus transductos,

Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 7, 32:

tectum antiquitus constitutum,

Nep. Att. 13, 2; Suet. Caes. 42; id. Aug. 60; 94; Vulg. Jos. 11, 10; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8.— Sup.:

Titanas in eā antiquissime regnāsse,

Sol. 11.—

From ancient times; form antīquĭtŭs; sometimes with inde or ab... ad, Plin. Pan. 31:

cum Pythagoras acceptam sine dubio antiquitus opinionem vulgaverit,

Quint. 1, 10, 12:

jam inde antiquitus insita pertinacia,

Liv. 9, 29:

hi sunt jam inde antiquitus castellani, etc.,

id. 34, 27; Plin. Pan. 82, 7:

cum (hoc studium) antiquitus usque a Chirone ad nostra tempora apud omnes duraverit,

Quint. 1, 10, 30.—

In the old way, style, or fashion; form antīquē:

nimis antique dicere,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 66.— Comp.:

simplicius et antiquius permutatione mercium uti,

in the simpler and more ancient manner, Tac. G. 5.—Esp., in the good old style, the way or fashion of former times: quanto antiquius, quam facere hoc, fecisse videatis, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 426, 3.

antīquus, a, um, adj. [a diff. orthog. for anticus, from ante] (of that which is before in time, while anticus denotes that which is before in space; cf. Vel. Long. p. 2223 P.), that has been or has been done before, old, ancient, former (opp. novus, that has not previously existed, new; while vetus, that has existed a long time, is opp. recens, that has not been long in existence, recent; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 11, 21; Lind. ad Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 154, and id. Capt. 1, 2, 29; Doed. Syn. IV. p. 82 sq.).

Lit.:

Juppiter Alcumenam rediget in antiquam concordiam conjugis,

to her former harmony with her husband, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 13:

hoc timet, Ne tua duritia antiqua illa etiam adaucta sit,

thy former severity, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 26; so id. Hec. 1, 2, 17; Lucr. 2, 900:

causam suscepisti antiquiorem memoriā tuā,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 25:

tres epistulas tuas accepi: igitur antiquissimae cuique respondeo,

id. Att. 9, 9: antiquior dies in tuis erat adscripta litteris, quam in Caesaris, an earlier or older date, id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3; Liv. 3, 58:

Nilus antiquo sua flumina reddidit alveo,

Ov. M. 1, 423 et saep.— Hence, subst.

antīqui, ōrum, m., the ancients, esp. the ancient writers (i. e. those whose age has been long past; while veteres denotes those who have lived and acted for a long time):

antiquorum auctoritas,

Cic. Am. 4, 13; so Hor. S. 1, 4, 117; 2, 2, 89 et saep.:

quod decus antiqui summum bonum esse dixerunt,

Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55:

habemus Scaurum in antiquis,

id. Brut. 30, 116; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 78 et saep.—And so in gen.:

in antiquis est sapientia,

Vulg. Job, 12, 12:

sapientia omnium antiquorum,

ib. Eccli. 39, 1:

dictum est antiquis,

ib. Matt. 5, 21 al.:

facere in antiquum,

to restore a thing to its former condition, to place on its old footing, Liv. 33, 40 dub.—Antiquus and vetus are often conjoined: veterem atque antiquam rem ( old and antiquated) novam ad vos proferam, Plaut. Am. prol. 118; id. Mil. 3, 1, 154; id. Most. 2, 2, 45; id. Poen. 5, 2, 18; id. Pers. 1, 2, 1; id. Trin. 2, 2, 106; Plin. Ep. 3, 6:

vetera tantum et antiqua mirari,

Tac. Or. 15:

simultas vetus et antiqua,

Juv. 15, 53; so id. 6, 21 al.—

an-tīquum, i, n., antiquity, the things of olden times:

Nec quicquam antiqui Pico, nisi nomina, restat,

Ov. M. 14, 396:

novissima et antiqua,

Vulg. Psa. 138, 5:

antiqua ne intueamini,

ib. Isa. 43, 18.—

Transf.

Poet., = praeteritus, past, gone by, former:

vulnus,

Ov. P. 1, 5, 38:

vigor,

id. Tr. 5, 12, 32:

carcer,

Luc. 6, 721; Val. Fl. 2, 394.—So often in eccl. Lat.:

dies antiqui,

Vulg. Deut. 4, 32; ib. Act. 15, 7:

anni,

ib. Mal. 3, 4:

tempora,

ib. Act. 15, 21.—

In comp. and sup., that is before or first in rank or importance, more or most celebrated, famous, preferable, or better (antiquior:

melior,

Non. p. 425, 32): genere antiquior, Att. ap. Non. p. 426, 3: quanto antiquius quam etc., Lucil. ib.; Varr. ib.: quod honestius, id mihi est antiquius, Cic. Att. 7, 3:

antiquior ei fuit laus et gloria quam regnum,

id. Div. 2, 37: antiquiorem mortem turpitudine habere, Auct. ad Her. 3, 3:

neque habui quicquam antiquius quam ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 11, 5:

ne quid existimem antiquius,

id. Phil. 13, 3: neque prius neque antiquius quicquam habuit, quam ut, etc., Vel. 2, 52; Suet. Claud. 11:

judiciorum causam antiquissimam se habiturum dixit,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1:

navalis apparatus ei antiquissima cura fuit,

id. Att. 10, 8; 12, 5; Liv. 1, 32; cf. id. 9, 31 al.—

With the access. idea of simplicity, purity, innocence, of the old fashion, good, simple, honest, etc. (cf. antiquitas, II. A., and our phrase the good old times):

antiquis est adulescens moribus,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 37; cf. id. Trin. 2, 2, 20:

homo antiquā virtute et fide,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 88:

homines antiqui, qui ex suā naturā ceteros fingerent,

people of the old stamp, Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 26:

vestigia antiqui officii,

id. ib. 10, 27:

vide quam sim antiquorum hominum,

id. Att. 9, 15:

vir sanctus, antiquus,

Plin. Ep. 2, 9.—

With the access. idea of veneration, honor, old, venerable, illustrious: antiquum veteres etiam pro nobili posuere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 22 Müll.:

terra antiqua potens armis,

Verg. A. 1, 531; 3, 164:

urbs,

id. ib. 11, 540:

Longior antiquis visa Maeotis hiems,

Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 2:

Sabinae,

id. Med. 11:

Amyclae,

id. M. 8, 314. —So, in eccl. Lat., after the Heb., of God:

Antiquus Dierum,

the Ancient of Days, Vulg. Dan. 7, 9; 7, 13; 7, 22.—

Sometimes = vetus, that has been in existence a long time, old: Athenae, antiquum opulentum oppidum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 470, 5:

mos,

id. ib. p. 506, 1: amnis, Att. ap. Non. p. 192, 6:

hospes,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 17 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 82: veterem Anchisen agnoscit amicum); so,

amicus,

Vulg. Eccli. 9, 14:

discipulus,

ib. Act. 21, 16:

artificium,

Cic. Verr. 1, 2, 5:

genus,

Nep. Dat. 2, 2:

templa,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 104:

antiquissima scripta,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 28: saxum antiquum (i. e. which for a long time had lain in this place), ingens, etc., Verg. A. 12, 897:

ne transfer terminos antiquos,

Vulg. Prov. 22, 28 et saep.—Hence, subst.: antīquum, i, n., an old custom or habit.

In mal. part.:

antiquum hoc obtines tuum, tardus ut sis,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 102. —

In bon. part.:

O optume hospes, pol Crito antiquum obtines!

Ter. And. 4, 5, 22:

Ac tu ecastor morem antiquum atque ingenium obtines,

id. Hec. 5, 4, 20.—

Aged: antiqua erilis fida custos corporis, Enn. Medea, ap. Non. p. 39, 2 (as a transl. of the Gr. IIalaion oikôn ktêma despoinês emês): Cives antiqui, amici majorum meūm, Pac. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155:

Butes,

Verg. A. 9, 647:

antiqui Neleïa Nestoris arva,

Ov. H. 1, 63; Dig. 50, 3, 1.—Hence, adv.: antīquē and an-tīquĭtŭs (formed from antiquus, as humanitus, divinitus, from humanus, divinus; cf. Prisc. p. 1015).

In former times, of old, anciently (only in prose; most freq. in the histt.; never in Cic.). Form antīquĭ-tŭs:

Belgas Rhenum antiquitus transductos,

Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 7, 32:

tectum antiquitus constitutum,

Nep. Att. 13, 2; Suet. Caes. 42; id. Aug. 60; 94; Vulg. Jos. 11, 10; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8.— Sup.:

Titanas in eā antiquissime regnāsse,

Sol. 11.—

From ancient times; form antīquĭtŭs; sometimes with inde or ab... ad, Plin. Pan. 31:

cum Pythagoras acceptam sine dubio antiquitus opinionem vulgaverit,

Quint. 1, 10, 12:

jam inde antiquitus insita pertinacia,

Liv. 9, 29:

hi sunt jam inde antiquitus castellani, etc.,

id. 34, 27; Plin. Pan. 82, 7:

cum (hoc studium) antiquitus usque a Chirone ad nostra tempora apud omnes duraverit,

Quint. 1, 10, 30.—

In the old way, style, or fashion; form antīquē:

nimis antique dicere,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 66.— Comp.:

simplicius et antiquius permutatione mercium uti,

in the simpler and more ancient manner, Tac. G. 5.—Esp., in the good old style, the way or fashion of former times: quanto antiquius, quam facere hoc, fecisse videatis, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 426, 3.

centŭrĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [centuria], to divide into centuries (acc. to centuria, I.).

Of land:

agrum,

Hyg. Lim. p. 195 Goes.; cf. Fest. p. 53 Müll.—

Of the army (only of infantry; cf. decurio), to arrange in centuries, assign to companies:

cum homines in tribunali Aurelio palam conscribi centuriarique vidissem,

Cic. Red. Quir. 5, 13: rem gerit palam (Octavius); centuriat Capuae;

dinumerat. Jam jamque vides bellum,

id. Att. 16, 9 fin.:

juventutem,

Liv. 25, 15, 9:

seniores quoque,

id. 6, 2, 6; 29, 1, 2:

equites decuriati, centuriati pedites,

id. 22, 38, 3; so id. 10, 21, 4:

Juventus Romana... equis delapsa se ipsam centuriavit,

i. e. reduced to infantry, Val. Max. 3, 2, n. 8: mulus centuriatus, for carrying provisions, Aur. ap. Vop. Aur. 7, 7.—

Facetiously:

eripiam ego hodie concubinam militi, Si centuriati bene sunt maniplares mei,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 3; cf. id. Curc. 4, 4, 29.—

Of the people in the meeting of the council, only part. perf.: comitia centuriata, in which all the Roman people voted according to centuries (this was done in the choice of higher magistrates, in decisions in respect to war and peace, and, until Sulla's time, in questions affecting life or citizenship; cf. Messala ap. Gell. 13, 15, 4; Lael. Felix ib. 15, 27, 4; Cic. Red. Sen. 11, 27), Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 44:

quod ad populum centuriatis comitiis tulit,

id. Phil. 1, 8, 19; Liv. 3, 55, 3; 8, 12, 15.—Facetiously:

Pseudolus mihi centuriata capitis habuit comitia,

i. e. has sentenced me to death, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 134 Lorenz ad loc.—Hence, P. a.: centŭrĭā-tus, a, um, of or belonging to the comitia centuriata: Centuriata lex, advised in the comitia centuriata, Cic. Agr. 2, 11, 26.

centŭrĭo (in many inscriptions before the time of Quintilian erroneously aspirated chenturio, like ch oronae, prae ch ones, etc., Quint. 1, 5, 20; cf. the letter C), ōnis, m. (access. form centŭrĭōnus, like curionus and decurionus, acc. to Fest. p. 49 Müll.) [centuria, II.], the commander of a century, a captain, centurion, occupying a station below the tribunus, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 25; 6, 39; Cic. Balb. 15, 34; Sall. J. 59, 3; Liv. 2, 27, 6; 7, 41, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 73; cf. Dict. of Antiq.

centŭrĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [centuria], to divide into centuries (acc. to centuria, I.).

Of land:

agrum,

Hyg. Lim. p. 195 Goes.; cf. Fest. p. 53 Müll.—

Of the army (only of infantry; cf. decurio), to arrange in centuries, assign to companies:

cum homines in tribunali Aurelio palam conscribi centuriarique vidissem,

Cic. Red. Quir. 5, 13: rem gerit palam (Octavius); centuriat Capuae;

dinumerat. Jam jamque vides bellum,

id. Att. 16, 9 fin.:

juventutem,

Liv. 25, 15, 9:

seniores quoque,

id. 6, 2, 6; 29, 1, 2:

equites decuriati, centuriati pedites,

id. 22, 38, 3; so id. 10, 21, 4:

Juventus Romana... equis delapsa se ipsam centuriavit,

i. e. reduced to infantry, Val. Max. 3, 2, n. 8: mulus centuriatus, for carrying provisions, Aur. ap. Vop. Aur. 7, 7.—

Facetiously:

eripiam ego hodie concubinam militi, Si centuriati bene sunt maniplares mei,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 3; cf. id. Curc. 4, 4, 29.—

Of the people in the meeting of the council, only part. perf.: comitia centuriata, in which all the Roman people voted according to centuries (this was done in the choice of higher magistrates, in decisions in respect to war and peace, and, until Sulla's time, in questions affecting life or citizenship; cf. Messala ap. Gell. 13, 15, 4; Lael. Felix ib. 15, 27, 4; Cic. Red. Sen. 11, 27), Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 44:

quod ad populum centuriatis comitiis tulit,

id. Phil. 1, 8, 19; Liv. 3, 55, 3; 8, 12, 15.—Facetiously:

Pseudolus mihi centuriata capitis habuit comitia,

i. e. has sentenced me to death, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 134 Lorenz ad loc.—Hence, P. a.: centŭrĭā-tus, a, um, of or belonging to the comitia centuriata: Centuriata lex, advised in the comitia centuriata, Cic. Agr. 2, 11, 26.

centŭrĭo (in many inscriptions before the time of Quintilian erroneously aspirated chenturio, like ch oronae, prae ch ones, etc., Quint. 1, 5, 20; cf. the letter C), ōnis, m. (access. form centŭrĭōnus, like curionus and decurionus, acc. to Fest. p. 49 Müll.) [centuria, II.], the commander of a century, a captain, centurion, occupying a station below the tribunus, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 25; 6, 39; Cic. Balb. 15, 34; Sall. J. 59, 3; Liv. 2, 27, 6; 7, 41, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 73; cf. Dict. of Antiq.

ef-fĕro or ecfĕro (cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, 766), extŭli, ēlatum, efferre or ecferre, v. a., to bring or carry out, to bring forth (very freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

ex navi,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 82; cf.

tela, etc., ex aedibus Cethegi,

Cic. Cat. 3, 3 fin.:

argentum jubeo jam intus efferri foras,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 62; cf. id. ib. 4, 9, 127; id. Most. 2, 1, 58; id. Mil. 4, 8, 4:

argentum ad aliquem,

id. Epid. 5, 1, 27; id. Truc. 3, 1, 16:

machaeram huc,

id. Mil. 2, 5, 53; cf. id. Stich. 2, 2, 28:

puerum extra aedes usquam,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 48:

cistellam domo,

id. Eun. 4, 6, 15; cf.:

cibaria sibi quemque domo,

Caes. B. G. 1, 5, 3:

frumentum ab Ilerda,

id. B. C. 1, 78, 1:

piscem de custodia,

Col. 8, 17 fin.:

litteras,

Caes. B. G. 5, 45, 4:

mucronem,

Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 2; cf.:

vexilla, signa, arma (e castris, extra fines, etc.),

Liv. 10, 19; 27, 2; 29, 21; Tac. H. 3, 31 al.:

ferrum a latere deripuit, elatumque deferebat in pectus,

id. A. 1, 35 fin.: Colchis pedem, Enn. ap. Non. 297, 20; so,

pedem,

Verg. A. 2, 657; cf.

pedem aedibus,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 19:

pedem portā,

Cic. Att. 6, 8, 5; 7, 2, 6; Suet. Tib. 38:

pedem quoquam,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 97:

se hinc (ignis),

Lucr. 6, 89 and 385:

se vallo (equus),

Tac. A. 15, 7:

Furium longius extulit cursus,

Liv. 3, 5; cf.:

Messium impetus per hostes extulit,

id. 4, 29.—

In partic.

Like the Gr. ekpherô, to carry out (of the house) for burial, to bear to the grave, to bury (cf.: cremo, humo, sepelio, prosequor): optumum'st Loces illum efferendum;

nam jam credo mortuus est,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 32; id. Most. 4, 3, 8 sqq.; Ter. And. 1, 1, 90 Don. and Ruhnk.; 1, 1, 101; Cic. N. D. 3, 32, 80; Nep. Att. 17; Liv. 2, 33; 3, 18 fin.; Quint. 8, 5, 21; Suet. Aug. 99; Hor. S. 2, 5, 85; Vulg. Luc. 7, 12.—

Transf.: meo unius funere elata populi Romani esset res publica, carried to burial, i. e. overthrown, destroyed, Liv. 28, 28; 24, 22; 31, 29.—

Of a fruit-bearing soil, to bring forth, bear, produce:

id, quod agri efferant,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4 fin.; id. Brut. 4, 16; cf. also id. Verr. 2, 3, 47 fin.; 86 al.—

Transf.:

ea, quae efferant aliquid ex sese, perfectiores habere naturas quam, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 33 fin.; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 109; poet.:

(Italia) genus acre virum,

Verg. G. 2, 169.—

Of motion in an upward direction (cf.: erigo and educo, II. B. 1.), to lift up, elevate, raise, exalt, Lucil. ap. Non. 297, 25:

aliquem in murum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 47 fin.:

pars operis in altitudinem turris elata,

id. B. C. 2, 8 fin.; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 103; and Suet. Calig. 32:

corvus e conspectu elatus,

Liv. 7, 26:

pulvis elatus,

id. 4, 33:

elata super capita scuta,

Tac. H. 3, 27: jubar (luna), Petron. Poët. 89, 2, 54; poet.:

caput Auctumnus agris extulit,

Hor. Epod. 2, 18.

Trop.

To set forth, spread abroad, utter, publish, proclaim:

clamorem,

to raise, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73:

quod neque in vulgum disciplinam efferri velint, neque, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 6, 14, 4; cf. Plin. 2, 12, 9:

vocem ejus in vulgus,

Tac. A. 12, 21:

tuum peccatum foras,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 65 Ruhnk.:

hoc foras,

Cic. Phil. 10, 3; so,

clandestina consilia,

Caes. B. G. 7, 1, 6:

rem,

id. ib. 7, 2, 2:

has meas ineptias,

Cic. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

divinitus dicta,

id. ib. 3, 1 fin. et saep.—With a rel. clause:

posteaquam in volgus militum elatum est, qua arrogantia in colloquio Ariovistus usus, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 4.—

In partic., of speech, to utter, pronounce, express, declare:

verbum de verbo expressum extulit,

Ter. Ad. prol. 11:

ut verba inter se ra tione conjuncta sententiam efferant,

Varr. L. L. 8, § 1 Müll.:

si graves sententiae inconditis verbis efferuntur,

Cic. Or. 44, 150; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 13:

quae incisim aut membratim efferuntur, ea, etc.,

Cic. Or. 67; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 33; 8, 3, 40; 10, 2, 17: pleraque utroque modo efferuntur, luxuriatur, luxuriat, etc., id. 9, 3, 7; cf. id. 1, 5, 16; 64; 2, 14, 2.—

In the pass., qs. to be carried out of one's self by passions, feelings, etc.; to be carried away, transported, hurried away: usque adeo studio atque odio illius efferor ira, Lucil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 21 fin.; so,

studio,

Cic. de Sen. 23, 83; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; id. N. D. 1, 20 fin.; Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 2; cf.

cupiditate,

Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49:

vi naturae atque ingenii,

id. Mur. 31, 65:

laetitia,

id. Deiot. 9, 26 (cf. act.:

comitia ista praeclara, quae me laetitia extulerunt,

id. Fam. 2, 10):

incredibili gaudio,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 2; cf. id. Rep. 3, 30; Suet. Caes. 22:

voluptate canendi ac saltandi,

id. Calig. 54:

popularitate,

id. Ner. 53.—

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) To raise, elevate, exalt:

pretia alicujus rei,

Varr. R. R. 3, 6 fin.:

quorum animi altius se extulerunt,

Cic. Rep. 3, 3:

aliquem ad summum imperium per omnes honorum gradus,

id. Cat. 1, 11, 28; cf.:

aliquem supra leges,

Tac. A. 2, 34; and:

aliquem geminatis consulatibus,

id. ib. 1, 3; cf. also id. ib. 4, 40:

aliquem pecunia aut honore,

Sall. J. 49, 4:

patriam demersam extuli,

Cic. Sull. 31, 87; cf. Nep. Dion. 6; Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 34:

aliquem maximis laudibus,

id. Off. 2, 10, 36; cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 87:

aliquem summis laudibus ad caelum,

Cic. Fam. 9, 14; cf. Nep. Dion. 7 fin.:

aliquid maximis laudibus,

Cic. Lael. 7, 24:

aliquem laudibus,

Tac. A. 3, 72:

aliquem verbis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 52:

aliquid versibus,

id. Rep. 1, 14;

and simply aliquid,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 56; Tac. A. 2, 63:

aliquem in summum odium,

id. H. 4, 42; cf.:

rem in summam invidiam,

Quint. 8, 4, 19.—

In partic., with se, to raise, elevate one's self; to rise, advance (cf.:

appareo, eluceo, exsisto): cum (virtus) se extulit et ostendit suum lumen,

Cic. Lael. 27; cf.

so with a figure borrowed from the heavenly bodies: qua in urbe (Athenis) primum se orator extulit,

id. Brut. 7, 26:

volo se efferat in adolescente fecunditas,

id. de Or. 2, 21.—

In a bad sense, with se, or in the [p. 629] pass., to lift up one's self, to carry one's self high; to be puffed up, haughty, proud on account of any thing (the figure being borrowed from a prancing horse; cf. Liv. 30, 20; and Quint. 10, 3, 10):

nec cohibendo efferentem se fortunam, quanto altius elatus erat, eo foedius corruit (Atilius),

Liv. 30, 30:

quod aut cupias ardenter aut adeptus ecferas te insolenter,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39:

qui enim victoria se ecferunt, quasi victos nos intuentur,

id. Fam. 9, 2, 2; cf.:

se altius et incivilius,

Flor. 1, 26, 8:

sese audacia, scelere atque superbia,

Sall. J. 14, 11:

hic me magnifice effero,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 31:

(fortunati) efferuntur fere fastidio et contumacia,

Cic. Lael. 15, 54:

se efferre in potestate,

to be insolent in office, id. de Or. 2, 84, 342.—Esp. freq. in the part. perf.:

stulta ac barbara arrogantia elati,

Caes. B. C. 3, 59, 3:

recenti victoria,

id. B. G. 5, 47, 4:

spe celeris victoriae,

id. ib. 7, 47, 3:

gloria,

id. B. C. 3, 79, 6:

elatus et inflatus his rebus,

Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 97:

secunda fortuna magnisque opibus,

Nep. Alcib. 7, 3; id. Milt. 7, 2:

elatus ad vanam fiduciam,

Curt. 3, 19, 10;

but also: ad justam fiduciam,

Liv. 27, 8, 7 et saep.—In the act. (rare, and with a fig. perh. borrowed from the wind): is demum vir erit, cujus animum nec prospera (fortuna) flatu suo efferet ( elates, inflates), nec adversa infringet, Liv. 45, 8 fin. —

Ante-class. and very rare, to carry out to the end, to support, endure: laborem, Att. ap. Cic. Sest. 48; cf.: malum patiendo, to get rid of, do away with, Cic. Poët. Tusc. 4, 29, 63 (but not in Lucr. 1, 141, where the better reading is sufferre).—Hence, ēlā-tus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 3. and II. C. 2.), exalted, lofty, high (rare; cf.: superbus, insolens, arrogans, etc.).

Lit.:

modo in elatiora modo in depressiora clivi,

Col. 2, 4, 10:

elatissimae lucernae,

Tert. Apol. 53.—

Trop.:

animus magnus elatusque,

Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 96:

verba,

high-sounding, id. Or. 36, 124;

hoc casu elatior Julianus,

Amm. 21, 4, 7; Vulg. Rom. 1, 30:

insula opibus,

Nep. Milt. 7, 2. — Adv.: ēlāte, loftily, proudly:

elate et ample loqui, opp. humiliter demisseque sentire,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 9:

dicere (opp. summisse),

id. Opt. Gen. 4, 10.— Comp.:

se gerere,

Nep. Paus. 2, 3:

elatius et arrogantius praefatur,

Gell. 9, 15, 4.

ef-fĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [ex-ferus], to make wild, savage, fierce (class.; most freq. since the Aug. per.).

Physically:

terram immanitate beluarum efferari,

Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 99:

speciem oris,

Liv. 2, 23; cf.

vultum,

Suet. Calig. 50:

efferantia sese ulcera,

becoming aggravated, malignant, Plin. 26, 14, 87, § 146.— Poet.:

Mars efferat aurum,

i. e. works up into weapons, Stat. Achill. 1, 425; cf.:

homo qui magnae artis subtilitate tantum efferavit argentum,

i. e. wrought into the figures of beasts, App. M. 5, p. 159, 14.—

Mentally:

gentes sic immanitate efferatae,

Cic. N. D. 1, 23; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 14, 32:

militem dux ipse efferavit,

Liv. 23, 5; cf. id. 2, 29:

animos,

id. 1, 19; 25, 26:

ingenia,

Curt. 8, 2; 9, 19:

efferavit ea caedes Thebanos omnes ad exsecrabile odium Romanorum,

exasperated, Liv. 33, 29; cf. Vulg. Dan. 8, 7.—Hence, effĕrātus, a, um, P. a., wild, savage, fierce:

sunt enim multa ecferata et immania, quaedam autem humanitatis quoque habent primam speciem,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 14, 32:

vultus,

Petr. 82, 1:

animi,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 5, 11.— Comp.:

mores ritusque,

Liv. 34, 24.— Sup.:

effectus,

Sen. Ep. 121, 4:

canes in homines,

Jul. Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. M. 3, 18.— Adv.: effĕrāte, fiercely:

saevire,

Lact. 5, 20, 10.

scisco, scīvi, scītum, 3 ( dep. collat. form sciscor, acc. to Prisc. p. 799 P.), v. inch. a. [scio], to seek to know; to search, inquire.

Lit. (ante-class. and very rare; cf., on the other hand, the deriv. sciscitor): praefestinamus, quae sit causa, sciscere, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.: ibo ad eam, ut sciscam, quid velint, Att. ap. Non. 505, 12; cf. Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 17.—

Transf.

Publicists' t. t., of the people, after inquiry or examination, to accept, approve, assent to something proposed; hence, to appoint, enact, decree, ordain, = rem cognitam jubere (cf. sancio):

nullam illi (majores nostri) vim contionis esse voluerunt: quae scisceret plebes aut quae populus juberet summota contione, distributis partibus... auditis auctoribus, re multos dies promulgatā et cognitā, juberi vetarique voluerunt,

Cic. Fl. 7, 15:

illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt populusque jure scivit,

id. Phil. 1, 10, 26; cf.:

rogationes plurimas propter vos populus scivit,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 23:

rogationem Marciam de Liguribus magno consensu plebes scivit jussitque. Ex eo plebiscito, etc.,

Liv. 42, 21 fin.:

adeo id gratum plebi fuit ut id modo sciscerent juberentque, ut senatus decerneret, qui Romae regnaret,

id. 1, 17 fin.:

ad sciscendum plebi,

id. 6, 35:

si Gaditani sciverint nominatim de aliquo cive Romano, ut sit is civis Gaditanus,

Cic. Balb. 11, 27; cf.:

qui (Athenienses) sciverunt, ut, etc.,

id. Off. 3, 11, 46.— Pass.:

multa perniciose sciscuntur in populis (with sancire),

Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13; cf.:

illud stultissimum, existimare omnia justa esse, quae scita sint in populorum institutis aut legibus,

id. ib. 1, 15, 42 (v. also under P. a.).— Poet., with obj.-clause:

munera Martis Aequent imperio et solem concedere nocti Sciscant,

Sil. 7, 545.—

Transf., in gen. (like decerno), of an individual, to approve, assent to, vote for any thing:

qui ulteriorem (Galliam decernit), ostendit, eam se sciscere legem, quam esse legem neget,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:

quod primus scivit legem de publicanis, etc.,

id. Planc. 14, 35. —

To learn, ascertain, know:

ut illi id factum sciscerent,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 68: praefestinamus quae sit causa sciscere, quod, etc., Afran. ap. Charis. 2, p. 186 P. (Com. Rel. v. 396 Rib.). —

Trop., of nature, to decree, establish:

confirmat antem illud vel maxime quod ipsa natura, ut ait ille, sciscet et probet,

Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 23.—Hence, scī-tus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to I.) Mid. (orig., that has informed himself, obtained knowledge, had experience; hence), knowing, shrewd, wise, acute, experienced, skilful, adroit, etc. (of persons; mostly poet.; not in Cic., but cf. 2.; syn.: callidus, versatus): doctu', fidelis... Scitus, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.):

hominem astutum, doctum, scitum et callidum,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 151:

mulier scita atque prudens,

Gell. 13, 4 fin.: scitus agaso, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 330 Müll. (Ann. v. 217 Vahl.):

sycophanta,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 8:

homo,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 23:

convivator,

a clever, dexterous host, Liv. 35, 49:

scitus bellum (venereum) init,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 42:

ea mulieris scitae comitas,

Gell. 13, 4, 3.— Comp.:

non sum scitior, quae hos rogem, etc.,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 12.— Poet. and in post - Aug. prose with gen.:

Nessus scitus vadorum,

acquainted with, Ov. M. 9, 108:

Thalia lyrae,

id. F. 5, 54:

Sthenelus pugnandi,

Quint. 9, 3, 10 Spald. N. cr. —With obj.-clause ( poet.):

scitus accendere corda Laudibus,

Sil. 17, 293:

accendere Martem,

id. 15, 594.—

Of things, fit, suitable, proper, judicious, sensible, witty, etc.:

pulcre scripsti: scitum syngraphum!

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 57:

scito illa quidem (scripsit) sermone et Attico,

Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 93; cf.

interrogationes,

Quint. 5, 7, 28.— Sup.:

oratio optima et scitissima,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 30:

si quid (dictum) est, quod mihi scitum esse videatur et homini ingenuo dignum atque docto, non aspernor,

Cic. Planc. 14, 35; cf. id. Or. 16, 51:

oratoris dictum,

Tac. A. 6, 20.—Esp. in the phrase scitum est, it is a witty or acute saying; shrewd, clever: vetus illud Catonis admodum scitum est, qui mirari se aiebat, quod non rideret haruspex, haruspicem cum vidisset, Cic. Div. 2, 24, 51; cf.:

scitum est illud Catonis, ut multa: Melius, etc.,

id. Lael. 24, 90;

Scytharum legati,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 148:

scitum est, inter Protogenem et eum (Apellem) quod accidit,

a clever thing, id. 35, 10, 36, § 81:

hoc Scitum est, periculum ex aliis facere, tibi quod ex usu siet,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 36; cf. id. Phorm. 5, 4, 2:

scitum est causam conferre in tempus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 228.—

Transf., beautiful, elegant, fine, etc. (mostly ante- and post-class.;

syn.: venustus, bellus): satis scitum filum mulieris,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 15; cf.

Iphis,

Petr. 63, 3:

mulierculae formae scitioris,

Lampr. Commod. 2 fin. (v. perscitus):

vox admodum scita et canora,

Gell. 18, 5, 2:

haec nox scita'st exercendo scorto,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 132; cf. scitamenta.—

(Acc. to II. A.) Subst.: scītum, i. n., an ordinance, statute, decree; esp. in connection with plebis (plebei, v. plebs), or, in one word, plebiscitum, an ordinance or decree of the people or of the citizens (opp. to senatusconsultum, a decree of the Senate):

scita plebei appellantur ea, quae plebs suo suffragio sine patribus jussit, plebeio magistratu rogante,

Fest. p. 293 Müll.; cf. Lael. Felix ap. Gell. 15, 27, 4:

quo plebiscito decreta a senatu est quaestio, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

quae (lex) postea plebiscito Canuleio abrogata est,

id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:

plebiscitis consularem potestatem minuere,

id. de Or. 2, 48, 199 et saep. (v. 2. scitus).—In a lusus verbb. with scitus, A.: Ps. Ecquid is homo scitus est? Ch. Plebiscitum non est scitius, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 58.—In the order scitum plebis:

de altero aedile scitum plebis est factum rogantibus tribunis,

Liv. 31, 50 fin.; 10, 22 fin.:

scita plebis injuncta patribus,

id. 3, 67; 22, 26;

Populi is used instead of plebis when the decrees of other nations are spoken of: cum lex esset Athenis, ne quis populi scitum faceret, ut quisquam coronā donaretur, etc.,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 7, 19:

Athenienses quibusdam temporibus sublato Areopago nihil nisi populi scitis ac decretis agebant,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 43; so,

in one word, populiscitum,

Nep. Alcib. 5, 4; id. Epam. 7, 4; id. Phoc. 2, 2:

ut nullum de eā re scitum populi fieret aut litteris mandaretur,

Liv. 45, 25. Tacitus is the first who has populi scita for decrees of the Roman people, Tac. A. 3, 58.—Of Roman popular decrees also simply scita:

cum scita ac jussa nostra sua sententia comprobat,

Cic. Balb. 18, 42.—Rarely of other public or official ordinances (cf.:

decreta, edicta, jussa): (Numa) omnia publica privataque sacra Pontificis scitis subjecit,

Liv. 1, 20:

quo minus ferociter aliorum (decemvirorum) scitis adversarentur,

id. 3, 33; Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 146:

regis,

Vulg. Esth. 3, 8.—

Transf. (with decretum and placitum) as a transl. of the Gr. dogma, a maxim, tenet, dogma, Sen. Ep. 95, 10.— Adv.: scītē (acc. to A.), shrewdly, cleverly, skilfully, adroitly, nicely, tastefully, elegantly (class.):

eho, nimium scite scitus es,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 1, 8; cf.:

tondetur nimium scite,

id. Merc. 3, 1, 28:

satis scite et probe,

id. Trin. 3, 3, 56; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 69; id. Mil. 4, 2, 74; id. Trin. 3, 3, 53; Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 7; Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1 (with commode):

(rationes) ita sunt perscriptae scite et litterate, ut, etc.,

id. Pis. 25, 61; cf.:

scite et venuste facta,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:

illa ex patellis quae evellerat, ita scite in aureis poculis inligabat, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 4, 24, §

54: non scite (dictum),

id. Att. 14, 20, 3; so,

dictum,

Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 166:

scite loqui,

Liv. 10, 19:

parum scite convivium exornare,

Sall. J. 85, 39; cf. Liv. 4, 44 fin. — Comp.:

scitius,

Gell. 4, 11, 10.— Sup.:

scitissime,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 116; Gell. 10, 11, 6; App. M. 9, p. 212, 16.

scisco, scīvi, scītum, 3 ( dep. collat. form sciscor, acc. to Prisc. p. 799 P.), v. inch. a. [scio], to seek to know; to search, inquire.

Lit. (ante-class. and very rare; cf., on the other hand, the deriv. sciscitor): praefestinamus, quae sit causa, sciscere, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.: ibo ad eam, ut sciscam, quid velint, Att. ap. Non. 505, 12; cf. Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 17.—

Transf.

Publicists' t. t., of the people, after inquiry or examination, to accept, approve, assent to something proposed; hence, to appoint, enact, decree, ordain, = rem cognitam jubere (cf. sancio):

nullam illi (majores nostri) vim contionis esse voluerunt: quae scisceret plebes aut quae populus juberet summota contione, distributis partibus... auditis auctoribus, re multos dies promulgatā et cognitā, juberi vetarique voluerunt,

Cic. Fl. 7, 15:

illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt populusque jure scivit,

id. Phil. 1, 10, 26; cf.:

rogationes plurimas propter vos populus scivit,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 23:

rogationem Marciam de Liguribus magno consensu plebes scivit jussitque. Ex eo plebiscito, etc.,

Liv. 42, 21 fin.:

adeo id gratum plebi fuit ut id modo sciscerent juberentque, ut senatus decerneret, qui Romae regnaret,

id. 1, 17 fin.:

ad sciscendum plebi,

id. 6, 35:

si Gaditani sciverint nominatim de aliquo cive Romano, ut sit is civis Gaditanus,

Cic. Balb. 11, 27; cf.:

qui (Athenienses) sciverunt, ut, etc.,

id. Off. 3, 11, 46.— Pass.:

multa perniciose sciscuntur in populis (with sancire),

Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13; cf.:

illud stultissimum, existimare omnia justa esse, quae scita sint in populorum institutis aut legibus,

id. ib. 1, 15, 42 (v. also under P. a.).— Poet., with obj.-clause:

munera Martis Aequent imperio et solem concedere nocti Sciscant,

Sil. 7, 545.—

Transf., in gen. (like decerno), of an individual, to approve, assent to, vote for any thing:

qui ulteriorem (Galliam decernit), ostendit, eam se sciscere legem, quam esse legem neget,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:

quod primus scivit legem de publicanis, etc.,

id. Planc. 14, 35. —

To learn, ascertain, know:

ut illi id factum sciscerent,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 68: praefestinamus quae sit causa sciscere, quod, etc., Afran. ap. Charis. 2, p. 186 P. (Com. Rel. v. 396 Rib.). —

Trop., of nature, to decree, establish:

confirmat antem illud vel maxime quod ipsa natura, ut ait ille, sciscet et probet,

Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 23.—Hence, scī-tus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to I.) Mid. (orig., that has informed himself, obtained knowledge, had experience; hence), knowing, shrewd, wise, acute, experienced, skilful, adroit, etc. (of persons; mostly poet.; not in Cic., but cf. 2.; syn.: callidus, versatus): doctu', fidelis... Scitus, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.):

hominem astutum, doctum, scitum et callidum,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 151:

mulier scita atque prudens,

Gell. 13, 4 fin.: scitus agaso, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 330 Müll. (Ann. v. 217 Vahl.):

sycophanta,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 8:

homo,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 23:

convivator,

a clever, dexterous host, Liv. 35, 49:

scitus bellum (venereum) init,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 42:

ea mulieris scitae comitas,

Gell. 13, 4, 3.— Comp.:

non sum scitior, quae hos rogem, etc.,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 12.— Poet. and in post - Aug. prose with gen.:

Nessus scitus vadorum,

acquainted with, Ov. M. 9, 108:

Thalia lyrae,

id. F. 5, 54:

Sthenelus pugnandi,

Quint. 9, 3, 10 Spald. N. cr. —With obj.-clause ( poet.):

scitus accendere corda Laudibus,

Sil. 17, 293:

accendere Martem,

id. 15, 594.—

Of things, fit, suitable, proper, judicious, sensible, witty, etc.:

pulcre scripsti: scitum syngraphum!

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 57:

scito illa quidem (scripsit) sermone et Attico,

Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 93; cf.

interrogationes,

Quint. 5, 7, 28.— Sup.:

oratio optima et scitissima,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 30:

si quid (dictum) est, quod mihi scitum esse videatur et homini ingenuo dignum atque docto, non aspernor,

Cic. Planc. 14, 35; cf. id. Or. 16, 51:

oratoris dictum,

Tac. A. 6, 20.—Esp. in the phrase scitum est, it is a witty or acute saying; shrewd, clever: vetus illud Catonis admodum scitum est, qui mirari se aiebat, quod non rideret haruspex, haruspicem cum vidisset, Cic. Div. 2, 24, 51; cf.:

scitum est illud Catonis, ut multa: Melius, etc.,

id. Lael. 24, 90;

Scytharum legati,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 148:

scitum est, inter Protogenem et eum (Apellem) quod accidit,

a clever thing, id. 35, 10, 36, § 81:

hoc Scitum est, periculum ex aliis facere, tibi quod ex usu siet,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 36; cf. id. Phorm. 5, 4, 2:

scitum est causam conferre in tempus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 228.—

Transf., beautiful, elegant, fine, etc. (mostly ante- and post-class.;

syn.: venustus, bellus): satis scitum filum mulieris,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 15; cf.

Iphis,

Petr. 63, 3:

mulierculae formae scitioris,

Lampr. Commod. 2 fin. (v. perscitus):

vox admodum scita et canora,

Gell. 18, 5, 2:

haec nox scita'st exercendo scorto,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 132; cf. scitamenta.—

(Acc. to II. A.) Subst.: scītum, i. n., an ordinance, statute, decree; esp. in connection with plebis (plebei, v. plebs), or, in one word, plebiscitum, an ordinance or decree of the people or of the citizens (opp. to senatusconsultum, a decree of the Senate):

scita plebei appellantur ea, quae plebs suo suffragio sine patribus jussit, plebeio magistratu rogante,

Fest. p. 293 Müll.; cf. Lael. Felix ap. Gell. 15, 27, 4:

quo plebiscito decreta a senatu est quaestio, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

quae (lex) postea plebiscito Canuleio abrogata est,

id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:

plebiscitis consularem potestatem minuere,

id. de Or. 2, 48, 199 et saep. (v. 2. scitus).—In a lusus verbb. with scitus, A.: Ps. Ecquid is homo scitus est? Ch. Plebiscitum non est scitius, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 58.—In the order scitum plebis:

de altero aedile scitum plebis est factum rogantibus tribunis,

Liv. 31, 50 fin.; 10, 22 fin.:

scita plebis injuncta patribus,

id. 3, 67; 22, 26;

Populi is used instead of plebis when the decrees of other nations are spoken of: cum lex esset Athenis, ne quis populi scitum faceret, ut quisquam coronā donaretur, etc.,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 7, 19:

Athenienses quibusdam temporibus sublato Areopago nihil nisi populi scitis ac decretis agebant,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 43; so,

in one word, populiscitum,

Nep. Alcib. 5, 4; id. Epam. 7, 4; id. Phoc. 2, 2:

ut nullum de eā re scitum populi fieret aut litteris mandaretur,

Liv. 45, 25. Tacitus is the first who has populi scita for decrees of the Roman people, Tac. A. 3, 58.—Of Roman popular decrees also simply scita:

cum scita ac jussa nostra sua sententia comprobat,

Cic. Balb. 18, 42.—Rarely of other public or official ordinances (cf.:

decreta, edicta, jussa): (Numa) omnia publica privataque sacra Pontificis scitis subjecit,

Liv. 1, 20:

quo minus ferociter aliorum (decemvirorum) scitis adversarentur,

id. 3, 33; Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 146:

regis,

Vulg. Esth. 3, 8.—

Transf. (with decretum and placitum) as a transl. of the Gr. dogma, a maxim, tenet, dogma, Sen. Ep. 95, 10.— Adv.: scītē (acc. to A.), shrewdly, cleverly, skilfully, adroitly, nicely, tastefully, elegantly (class.):

eho, nimium scite scitus es,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 1, 8; cf.:

tondetur nimium scite,

id. Merc. 3, 1, 28:

satis scite et probe,

id. Trin. 3, 3, 56; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 69; id. Mil. 4, 2, 74; id. Trin. 3, 3, 53; Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 7; Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1 (with commode):

(rationes) ita sunt perscriptae scite et litterate, ut, etc.,

id. Pis. 25, 61; cf.:

scite et venuste facta,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:

illa ex patellis quae evellerat, ita scite in aureis poculis inligabat, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 4, 24, §

54: non scite (dictum),

id. Att. 14, 20, 3; so,

dictum,

Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 166:

scite loqui,

Liv. 10, 19:

parum scite convivium exornare,

Sall. J. 85, 39; cf. Liv. 4, 44 fin. — Comp.:

scitius,

Gell. 4, 11, 10.— Sup.:

scitissime,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 116; Gell. 10, 11, 6; App. M. 9, p. 212, 16.

sē-cerno, crēvi, crētum, 3 (old inf. secernier, Lucr. 3, 263), v. a.

Lit., to put apart, to sunder, sever, separate (freq. and class.; not in Cæs.; cf.: sepono, sejungo, secludo); constr. with simple acc., or with ab aliquā re; less freq. ex aliquā re; poet. with abl.

With simple acc.:

quae non animalia solum Corpora sejungunt, sed terras ac mare totum Secernunt,

Lucr. 2, 729:

seorsum partem utramque,

id. 3, 637:

arietes, quibus sis usurus ad feturam, bimestri tempore ante secernendum,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 13 (cf. infra, b):

stamen secernit harundo,

Ov. M. 6, 55:

sparsos sine ordine flores Secernunt calathis,

separate in baskets, id. ib. 14, 267:

nihil (praedae) in publicum secernendo augenti rem privatam militi favit,

setting apart for the public treasury, Liv. 7, 16; cf.:

Juppiter illa piae secrevit litora genti,

hath set apart for the pious race, Hor. Epod. 16, 63:

inde pares centum denos secrevit in orbes Romulus,

separated, divided, Ov. F. 3, 127.—

With ab or (less freq.) with ex, and poet. with abl.:

a terris altum secernere caelum,

Lucr. 5, 446:

ab aëre caelum,

Ov. M. 1, 23:

Europen ab Afro (medius liquor),

Hor. C. 3, 3, 47:

muro denique secernantur a nobis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32:

inermes ab armatis,

Liv. 41, 3:

militem a populo (in spectaculis),

Suet. Aug. 44:

se a bonis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32; cf.:

se ab Etruscis,

Liv. 6, 10.—In the part. perf.:

antequam incipiat admissura fieri, mares a feminis secretos habeant,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 18 (cf. supra, a); so,

saepta ab aliis,

id. ib. 2, 2, 8:

manus a nobis,

Lucr. 2, 912; 3, 552:

sphaera ab aethereā conjunctione,

Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

sucus a reliquo cibo,

id. ib. 2, 55, 137:

bilis ab eo cibo,

id. ib. al.:

secreti ab aliis ad tribunos adducuntur,

Liv. 6, 25; 25, 30:

secretis alterius ab altero criminibus,

id. 40, 8 fin.; 39, 10:

se e grege imperatorum,

id. 35, 14 fin.:

unum e praetextatis compluribus,

Suet. Aug. 94 med.:

monile ex omni gazā,

id. Galb. 18:

me gelidum nemus Nympharumque leves chori Secernunt populo,

separate, distinguish, Hor. C. 1, 1, 32.—

Trop., to separate, disjoin, part, dissociate (syn.: internosco, distinguo).

With simple acc.:

hosce ego homines excipio et secerno libenter,

set apart, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15.—

With ab, or poet. with abl.: ut venustas et pulchritudo corporis secerni non potest a valetudine;

sic, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95:

animum a corpore,

id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

tertium genus (laudationum) a praeceptis nostris,

id. de Or. 2, 84, 341; cf.:

ipsam pronuntiationem ab oratore,

Quint. 1, 11, 17: dicendi facultatem a majore vitae laude, id. 2, 15, 2:

sua a publicis consiliis,

Liv. 4, 57:

haec a probris ac sceleribus ejus,

Suet. Ner. 19 et saep.:

cur me a ceteris clarissimis viris in hoc officio secernas,

Cic. Sull. 1, 3:

publica privatis, sacra profanis,

Hor. A. P. 397.—

To distinguish, discern:

blandum amicum a vero,

Cic. Lael. 25, 95:

non satis acute, quae sunt secernenda, distinguit,

id. Top. 7, 31:

nec natura potest justo secernere iniquum, Dividit ut bona diversis, fugienda petendis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 113:

turpi honestum,

id. ib. 1, 6, 63.—

To set aside, reject:

cum reus frugalissimum quemque secerneret,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 3:

minus idoneos senatores,

Suet. Vit. 2.—Hence, sēcrē-tus, a, um, P. a., severed, separated; hence, separate, apart (as an adj. not freq. till after the Aug. period; not in Cic.; syn.: sejunctus, seclusus).

In gen.:

ne ducem suum, neve secretum imperium propriave signa haberent, miscuit manipulos, etc.,

Liv. 1, 52:

electa (uva defertur) in secretam corbulam,

Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2:

arva,

Verg. A. 6, 478; Varr. L. L. 9, § 57 Müll.—

In partic.

Of places or things pertaining to them, out of the way, retired, remote, lonely, solitary, secret (syn.:

solus, remotus, arcanus): secreta petit loca, balnea vitat,

Hor. A. P. 298:

locus (opp. celeber),

Quint. 11, 1, 47:

montes,

Ov. M. 11, 765:

silva,

id. ib. 7, 75:

litora,

id. ib. 12, 196:

pars domus (the gynaeceum),

id. ib. 2, 737; cf. in sup.:

secretissimus locus (navis),

Petr. 100, 6: vastum ubique silentium, secreti colles, solitary, i. e. abandoned, deserted by the enemy, = deserti, Tac. Agr. 38:

iter (with semita),

solitary, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 103; cf.

quies,

Mart. 7, 32, 4.—Of persons and transactions, private, secret:

invadit secretissimos tumultus,

Sen. Ep. 91, 5:

vacuis porticibus secretus agitat,

Tac. A. 11, 21:

est aliquis ex secretis studiis fructus,

private studies, Quint. 2, 18, 4; so,

studia (opp. forum),

id. 12, 6, 4:

disputationes,

id. 12, 2, 7:

contentio,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 4 et saep. —Hence,

Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., retirement, solitude, secrecy; a solitude, solitary place, retreat (syn.: solitudo, secessus); sing.:

cum stilus secreto gaudeat atque omnes arbitros reformidet,

Quint. 10, 7, 16:

secreti longi causā,

Ov. H. 21, 21:

altum abditumque secretum, Phn. Ep. 2, 17, 22: dulce,

id. ib. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 30; 12, 5, 2; Tac. A. 4, 57; 14, 53; id. Agr. 39 fin.; Phaedr. 3, 10, 11; 4, 23, 6; Luc. 3, 314.— Plur.:

se a vulgo et scaenā in secreta removere,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 71:

horrendaeque procul secreta Sibyllae,

Verg. A. 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 594; Tac. H. 3, 63; Quint. 1, 2, 18:

dulcis secretorum comes (eloquentia),

id. 1, 4, 5:

cameli solitudines aut secreta certe petunt,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 173.— Comp.:

haec pars Suevorum in secretiora Germaniae porrigitur,

into the more remote parts, Tac. G. 41. —

Absol.: in secreto, in a secret place, secretly:

tempus in secreto lbi tereret,

Liv. 26, 19, 5:

reus in secreto agebatur,

Curt. 10, 4, 29.—

That is removed from acquaintance (cf. abditus), hidden, concealed, secret:

secreta ducis pectora,

Mart. 5, 5, 4:

secretas advocat artes,

Ov. M. 7, 138:

ars,

Petr. 3:

litterae (with familiares),

Quint. 1, 1, 29:

carmina (the Sibylline odes),

Luc. 1, 599:

libidines,

Tac. A. 1, 4 fin.:

quaedam imperii pignora,

Flor. 1, 2, 3.—With ab:

nec quicquam secretum alter ab altero haberent,

Liv. 39, 10, 1.— Comp.:

libertus ex secretioribus ministeriis,

Tac. Agr. 40:

praemia (opp. publica largitio),

id. H. 1, 24:

aliud (nomen),

Quint. 1, 4, 25:

vitium stomachi,

Mart. 3, 77, 9.— Poet. for the adv. secreto:

tu (Anna) secreta pyram tecto interiore Erige,

in secret, secretly, Verg. A. 4, 494; cf.:

stridere secreta divisos aure susurros,

secretly in each one's ear, Hor. S. 2, 8, 78.—Hence,

Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., something secret, secret conversation; a mystery, secret:

secretum petenti non nisi adhibito filio dedit,

Suet. Tib. 25 fin.; id. Calig. 23:

illuc me persecutus secretum petit,

a secret interview, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11:

petito secreto futura aperit,

Tac. H. 2, 4.— Piur.:

crebra cum amicis secreta habere,

Tac. A. 13, 18:

animi secreta proferuntur,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 141:

nulla lex jubet amicorum secreta non eloqui,

Sen. Ben. 5, 21, 1:

omnium secreta rimari,

Tac. A. 6, 3:

horribile secretum,

Petr. 21, 3; Tac. H. 1, 17 fin.; id. Agr. 25; Suet. Aug. 66:

uxor omnis secreti capacissima,

Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 7; Quint. 12, 9, 5 al.—Concr.:

lucos ac nemora consecrant deorumque nominibus appellant secretum illud, quod solā reverentiā vident,

that mysterious being, Tac. G. 9 fin.—Plur.:

introitus, aperta, secreta velut in annales referebat,

Tac. A. 4, 67; cf.:

gens non astuta aperit adhuc secreta pectoris licentia joci,

id. G. 22:

oratio animi secreta detegit,

Quint. 11, 1, 30; Tac. A. 1, 6; 4, 7 fin.; 6, 3; id. G. 19; Plin. Pan. 68, 6; Suet. Tib. 52; id. Oth. 3 et saep.—Concr.:

(Minerva) hanc legem dederat, sua ne secreta viderent,

i. e. the mysteries, Ov. M. 2, 556; 2, 749; cf.:

secretiora quaedam,

magic arts, Amm. 14, 6, 14:

in secretis ejus reperti sunt duo libelli,

among his private papers, Suet. Calig. 49.—

Pregn., separate from what is common, i. e. uncommon, rare, recondite (perh. only in the two foll. passages of Quint.):

(figurae) secretae et extra vulgarem usum positae, etc.,

Quint. 9, 3, 5: interpretatio linguae secretioris, quas Graeci glôssas vocant, i. e. of the more uncommon words, id. 1, 1, 35 (for which:

glossemata id est voces minus usitatas,

id. 1, 8, 15).—

In Lucr., of any thing separated from what belongs to it, i. e. wanting, deprived of, without something; with abl. or gen.:

nec porro secreta cibo natura animantum Propagare genus possit (corresp. to sine imbribus),

Lucr. 1, 194:

(corpora) secreta teporis Sunt ac frigoris omnino calidique vaporis (corresp. to spoliata colore),

id. 2, 843. —Hence, adv., in three forms: secreto (class.), secrete (post-class.), and secretim (late Lat. and very rare).

(Acc. to A.) Apart, by itself, separately:

de quibus (hortis) suo loco dicam secretius,

Col. 11, 2, 25. —

(Acc. to B. 2.) In secret, secretly; without witnesses; in private.

sēcrē-tō:

mirum, quid solus secum secreto ille agat,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 73:

secreto illum adjutabo,

id. Truc. 2, 7, 7:

secreto hoc audi,

Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2:

nescio quid secreto velle loqui te Aiebas mecum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 67:

secreto te huc seduxi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 14:

facere,

id. Bacch. 5, 2, 30; 5, 2, 35; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 100; id. Att. 7, 8, 4; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4:

secreto ab aliis,

Liv. 3, 36:

secreto agere cum aliquo,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 1; Quint. 5, 13, 16; 9, 2, 79; Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 8; Curt. 7, 2, 13.—

sēcrētē, Tert. Or. 1 med.; id. Pall. 4 fin. —

Comp.:

secretius emittitur inflatio,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 4, 1. —

sēcrētim, Amm. 29, 1, 6.

sē-cerno, crēvi, crētum, 3 (old inf. secernier, Lucr. 3, 263), v. a.

Lit., to put apart, to sunder, sever, separate (freq. and class.; not in Cæs.; cf.: sepono, sejungo, secludo); constr. with simple acc., or with ab aliquā re; less freq. ex aliquā re; poet. with abl.

With simple acc.:

quae non animalia solum Corpora sejungunt, sed terras ac mare totum Secernunt,

Lucr. 2, 729:

seorsum partem utramque,

id. 3, 637:

arietes, quibus sis usurus ad feturam, bimestri tempore ante secernendum,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 13 (cf. infra, b):

stamen secernit harundo,

Ov. M. 6, 55:

sparsos sine ordine flores Secernunt calathis,

separate in baskets, id. ib. 14, 267:

nihil (praedae) in publicum secernendo augenti rem privatam militi favit,

setting apart for the public treasury, Liv. 7, 16; cf.:

Juppiter illa piae secrevit litora genti,

hath set apart for the pious race, Hor. Epod. 16, 63:

inde pares centum denos secrevit in orbes Romulus,

separated, divided, Ov. F. 3, 127.—

With ab or (less freq.) with ex, and poet. with abl.:

a terris altum secernere caelum,

Lucr. 5, 446:

ab aëre caelum,

Ov. M. 1, 23:

Europen ab Afro (medius liquor),

Hor. C. 3, 3, 47:

muro denique secernantur a nobis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32:

inermes ab armatis,

Liv. 41, 3:

militem a populo (in spectaculis),

Suet. Aug. 44:

se a bonis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32; cf.:

se ab Etruscis,

Liv. 6, 10.—In the part. perf.:

antequam incipiat admissura fieri, mares a feminis secretos habeant,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 18 (cf. supra, a); so,

saepta ab aliis,

id. ib. 2, 2, 8:

manus a nobis,

Lucr. 2, 912; 3, 552:

sphaera ab aethereā conjunctione,

Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

sucus a reliquo cibo,

id. ib. 2, 55, 137:

bilis ab eo cibo,

id. ib. al.:

secreti ab aliis ad tribunos adducuntur,

Liv. 6, 25; 25, 30:

secretis alterius ab altero criminibus,

id. 40, 8 fin.; 39, 10:

se e grege imperatorum,

id. 35, 14 fin.:

unum e praetextatis compluribus,

Suet. Aug. 94 med.:

monile ex omni gazā,

id. Galb. 18:

me gelidum nemus Nympharumque leves chori Secernunt populo,

separate, distinguish, Hor. C. 1, 1, 32.—

Trop., to separate, disjoin, part, dissociate (syn.: internosco, distinguo).

With simple acc.:

hosce ego homines excipio et secerno libenter,

set apart, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15.—

With ab, or poet. with abl.: ut venustas et pulchritudo corporis secerni non potest a valetudine;

sic, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95:

animum a corpore,

id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

tertium genus (laudationum) a praeceptis nostris,

id. de Or. 2, 84, 341; cf.:

ipsam pronuntiationem ab oratore,

Quint. 1, 11, 17: dicendi facultatem a majore vitae laude, id. 2, 15, 2:

sua a publicis consiliis,

Liv. 4, 57:

haec a probris ac sceleribus ejus,

Suet. Ner. 19 et saep.:

cur me a ceteris clarissimis viris in hoc officio secernas,

Cic. Sull. 1, 3:

publica privatis, sacra profanis,

Hor. A. P. 397.—

To distinguish, discern:

blandum amicum a vero,

Cic. Lael. 25, 95:

non satis acute, quae sunt secernenda, distinguit,

id. Top. 7, 31:

nec natura potest justo secernere iniquum, Dividit ut bona diversis, fugienda petendis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 113:

turpi honestum,

id. ib. 1, 6, 63.—

To set aside, reject:

cum reus frugalissimum quemque secerneret,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 3:

minus idoneos senatores,

Suet. Vit. 2.—Hence, sēcrē-tus, a, um, P. a., severed, separated; hence, separate, apart (as an adj. not freq. till after the Aug. period; not in Cic.; syn.: sejunctus, seclusus).

In gen.:

ne ducem suum, neve secretum imperium propriave signa haberent, miscuit manipulos, etc.,

Liv. 1, 52:

electa (uva defertur) in secretam corbulam,

Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2:

arva,

Verg. A. 6, 478; Varr. L. L. 9, § 57 Müll.—

In partic.

Of places or things pertaining to them, out of the way, retired, remote, lonely, solitary, secret (syn.:

solus, remotus, arcanus): secreta petit loca, balnea vitat,

Hor. A. P. 298:

locus (opp. celeber),

Quint. 11, 1, 47:

montes,

Ov. M. 11, 765:

silva,

id. ib. 7, 75:

litora,

id. ib. 12, 196:

pars domus (the gynaeceum),

id. ib. 2, 737; cf. in sup.:

secretissimus locus (navis),

Petr. 100, 6: vastum ubique silentium, secreti colles, solitary, i. e. abandoned, deserted by the enemy, = deserti, Tac. Agr. 38:

iter (with semita),

solitary, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 103; cf.

quies,

Mart. 7, 32, 4.—Of persons and transactions, private, secret:

invadit secretissimos tumultus,

Sen. Ep. 91, 5:

vacuis porticibus secretus agitat,

Tac. A. 11, 21:

est aliquis ex secretis studiis fructus,

private studies, Quint. 2, 18, 4; so,

studia (opp. forum),

id. 12, 6, 4:

disputationes,

id. 12, 2, 7:

contentio,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 4 et saep. —Hence,

Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., retirement, solitude, secrecy; a solitude, solitary place, retreat (syn.: solitudo, secessus); sing.:

cum stilus secreto gaudeat atque omnes arbitros reformidet,

Quint. 10, 7, 16:

secreti longi causā,

Ov. H. 21, 21:

altum abditumque secretum, Phn. Ep. 2, 17, 22: dulce,

id. ib. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 30; 12, 5, 2; Tac. A. 4, 57; 14, 53; id. Agr. 39 fin.; Phaedr. 3, 10, 11; 4, 23, 6; Luc. 3, 314.— Plur.:

se a vulgo et scaenā in secreta removere,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 71:

horrendaeque procul secreta Sibyllae,

Verg. A. 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 594; Tac. H. 3, 63; Quint. 1, 2, 18:

dulcis secretorum comes (eloquentia),

id. 1, 4, 5:

cameli solitudines aut secreta certe petunt,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 173.— Comp.:

haec pars Suevorum in secretiora Germaniae porrigitur,

into the more remote parts, Tac. G. 41. —

Absol.: in secreto, in a secret place, secretly:

tempus in secreto lbi tereret,

Liv. 26, 19, 5:

reus in secreto agebatur,

Curt. 10, 4, 29.—

That is removed from acquaintance (cf. abditus), hidden, concealed, secret:

secreta ducis pectora,

Mart. 5, 5, 4:

secretas advocat artes,

Ov. M. 7, 138:

ars,

Petr. 3:

litterae (with familiares),

Quint. 1, 1, 29:

carmina (the Sibylline odes),

Luc. 1, 599:

libidines,

Tac. A. 1, 4 fin.:

quaedam imperii pignora,

Flor. 1, 2, 3.—With ab:

nec quicquam secretum alter ab altero haberent,

Liv. 39, 10, 1.— Comp.:

libertus ex secretioribus ministeriis,

Tac. Agr. 40:

praemia (opp. publica largitio),

id. H. 1, 24:

aliud (nomen),

Quint. 1, 4, 25:

vitium stomachi,

Mart. 3, 77, 9.— Poet. for the adv. secreto:

tu (Anna) secreta pyram tecto interiore Erige,

in secret, secretly, Verg. A. 4, 494; cf.:

stridere secreta divisos aure susurros,

secretly in each one's ear, Hor. S. 2, 8, 78.—Hence,

Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., something secret, secret conversation; a mystery, secret:

secretum petenti non nisi adhibito filio dedit,

Suet. Tib. 25 fin.; id. Calig. 23:

illuc me persecutus secretum petit,

a secret interview, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11:

petito secreto futura aperit,

Tac. H. 2, 4.— Piur.:

crebra cum amicis secreta habere,

Tac. A. 13, 18:

animi secreta proferuntur,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 141:

nulla lex jubet amicorum secreta non eloqui,

Sen. Ben. 5, 21, 1:

omnium secreta rimari,

Tac. A. 6, 3:

horribile secretum,

Petr. 21, 3; Tac. H. 1, 17 fin.; id. Agr. 25; Suet. Aug. 66:

uxor omnis secreti capacissima,

Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 7; Quint. 12, 9, 5 al.—Concr.:

lucos ac nemora consecrant deorumque nominibus appellant secretum illud, quod solā reverentiā vident,

that mysterious being, Tac. G. 9 fin.—Plur.:

introitus, aperta, secreta velut in annales referebat,

Tac. A. 4, 67; cf.:

gens non astuta aperit adhuc secreta pectoris licentia joci,

id. G. 22:

oratio animi secreta detegit,

Quint. 11, 1, 30; Tac. A. 1, 6; 4, 7 fin.; 6, 3; id. G. 19; Plin. Pan. 68, 6; Suet. Tib. 52; id. Oth. 3 et saep.—Concr.:

(Minerva) hanc legem dederat, sua ne secreta viderent,

i. e. the mysteries, Ov. M. 2, 556; 2, 749; cf.:

secretiora quaedam,

magic arts, Amm. 14, 6, 14:

in secretis ejus reperti sunt duo libelli,

among his private papers, Suet. Calig. 49.—

Pregn., separate from what is common, i. e. uncommon, rare, recondite (perh. only in the two foll. passages of Quint.):

(figurae) secretae et extra vulgarem usum positae, etc.,

Quint. 9, 3, 5: interpretatio linguae secretioris, quas Graeci glôssas vocant, i. e. of the more uncommon words, id. 1, 1, 35 (for which:

glossemata id est voces minus usitatas,

id. 1, 8, 15).—

In Lucr., of any thing separated from what belongs to it, i. e. wanting, deprived of, without something; with abl. or gen.:

nec porro secreta cibo natura animantum Propagare genus possit (corresp. to sine imbribus),

Lucr. 1, 194:

(corpora) secreta teporis Sunt ac frigoris omnino calidique vaporis (corresp. to spoliata colore),

id. 2, 843. —Hence, adv., in three forms: secreto (class.), secrete (post-class.), and secretim (late Lat. and very rare).

(Acc. to A.) Apart, by itself, separately:

de quibus (hortis) suo loco dicam secretius,

Col. 11, 2, 25. —

(Acc. to B. 2.) In secret, secretly; without witnesses; in private.

sēcrē-tō:

mirum, quid solus secum secreto ille agat,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 73:

secreto illum adjutabo,

id. Truc. 2, 7, 7:

secreto hoc audi,

Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2:

nescio quid secreto velle loqui te Aiebas mecum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 67:

secreto te huc seduxi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 14:

facere,

id. Bacch. 5, 2, 30; 5, 2, 35; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 100; id. Att. 7, 8, 4; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4:

secreto ab aliis,

Liv. 3, 36:

secreto agere cum aliquo,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 1; Quint. 5, 13, 16; 9, 2, 79; Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 8; Curt. 7, 2, 13.—

sēcrētē, Tert. Or. 1 med.; id. Pall. 4 fin. —

Comp.:

secretius emittitur inflatio,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 4, 1. —

sēcrētim, Amm. 29, 1, 6.

ătŏmus, a, um, adj., = atomos.

Uncut, not to be cut, indivisible:

Graeci (tus) stagonian et atomum tali modo appellant,

Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 62.—Far more freq.,

Subst.: ătŏmus ( - ŏs), i, f., = hê atomos, an indivisible element.

Of matter, an atom, of which particles, acc. to the doctrine of Democritus, all things are composed (the distinction between an atom, an ultimate particle of matter, and a molecule, the ultimate combination of matter, was of course unknown to the ancients;

syn.: corpora, corpora parva, corpora minuta, corpuscula, Lucr., Cic.): atomi, id est corpora individua propter soliditatem,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 17; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. N. D. 1, 20, 54; id. Fat. 11, 24; id. N. D. 1, 24, 66; id. Ac. 1, 2, 6 al.; Vitr. 2, 2; Lact. de Ira Dei, 10 (where, as in Vitr. 2, 2, acc. to several editt., it stands as masc.); Isid. Orig. 13, 2, 1 sqq.—

Of time: in atomo, after the Gr. en atomôi, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, Tert. Res. Carn. 42 and 51; id. adv. Marc. 3, 24; so in the Gr. Test. 1 Cor. 15, 52, but rendered in momento by the Vulg.

ătŏmus, a, um, adj., = atomos.

Uncut, not to be cut, indivisible:

Graeci (tus) stagonian et atomum tali modo appellant,

Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 62.—Far more freq.,

Subst.: ătŏmus ( - ŏs), i, f., = hê atomos, an indivisible element.

Of matter, an atom, of which particles, acc. to the doctrine of Democritus, all things are composed (the distinction between an atom, an ultimate particle of matter, and a molecule, the ultimate combination of matter, was of course unknown to the ancients;

syn.: corpora, corpora parva, corpora minuta, corpuscula, Lucr., Cic.): atomi, id est corpora individua propter soliditatem,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 17; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. N. D. 1, 20, 54; id. Fat. 11, 24; id. N. D. 1, 24, 66; id. Ac. 1, 2, 6 al.; Vitr. 2, 2; Lact. de Ira Dei, 10 (where, as in Vitr. 2, 2, acc. to several editt., it stands as masc.); Isid. Orig. 13, 2, 1 sqq.—

Of time: in atomo, after the Gr. en atomôi, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, Tert. Res. Carn. 42 and 51; id. adv. Marc. 3, 24; so in the Gr. Test. 1 Cor. 15, 52, but rendered in momento by the Vulg.

mūto, āvi, ātum (arch. subj. mutassis, Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 49; inf. pass. mutarier, id. Men. prol. 74), 1, v. a. and n. freq. [moveo].

Prop., to move, to move away or from its place, to move to a place (rare):

neque se luna quoquam mutat,

does not move, does not budge, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 117: illa tamen se Non habitu mutatve loco, does not quit her dress or her dwelling, Hor. S. 2, 7, 64:

ne quis invitus civitate mutetur,

be forced to leave, be driven from, Cic. Balb. 13, 30:

hinc dum muter,

if I can only get away from here, Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 73.—

Transf.

Of change in the thing spoken of itself.

In gen.

Act., to alter, change a thing (freq. and class.; cf.

vario): sententiam mutare numquam,

Cic. Mur 29, 61: ego rogatus mutavi consilium meum. id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:

consuetudinem dicendi,

id. Brut. 91, 314:

mentes vestras voluntatesque,

id. Prov. Cons. 10, 25:

cum testamentum mutare cuperet,

id. Clu. 11, 31: propositum. Petr. 116:

ne haec mutet fidem,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 36: nequeo exorare [p. 1181] ut me maneat et cum illo ut mutet fidem, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 28:

tabulas,

to alter one's will, Juv. 14, 55.— Absol.:

natura nescia mutari,

incapable of change, Juv. 13, 240. —With ob:

mutatum jus ob unius feneratoris libidinem,

Liv. 8, 28, 1:

facilem mutatu gentem,

Tac. A. 14, 23.—With ad:

gubernatori ad incursus tempestatum... ratio mutanda est,

Quint. 10, 7, 3:

ad singulas paene distinctiones vultus mutandus est,

id. 11, 3, 47.—With Gr. acc.:

mutata suos flumina cursus,

Verg. E. 8, 4:

negat quicquam ex Latinā ratione mutandum,

Quint. 1, 5, 89.—With cum:

cum illo fidem,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 28 supra; more freq. cum aliquā re, to change with or under the influence of a thing:

facies locorum cum ventis simul mutatur,

Sall. J. 78, 3:

qui cum fortunā non animum mutāsset,

Vell. 2, 82, 2:

quarum uvarum vini jucunditas cum regione mutatur,

Col. 3, 2, 16; Ambros. in Abrah. 2, 10, 68.—With in and acc.:

bona facile mutantur in pejus,

Quint. 1, 1, 5.—With ex:

nisi forte non ex Graeco mutantes, etc.,

Quint. 3, 4, 14:

ex feminis mutari in mares,

Plin. 7, 4, 3, § 36. —With de:

de uxore nihil mutat,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 46.—With ab:

quantum mutatus ab illo Hectore,

Verg. A. 2, 274:

longe mutatus ab illo Sampsone, qui, etc.,

Ambros. Spir. Sanc. 2, prol. § 13.—Non mutat, with rel.-clause, it makes no difference: nec mutat confestim, an interjecto tempore, fidem suam adstrinxerunt, Pap. Dig. 46, 1, 52, § 2. —With abl. instrum. ( poet.):

ut silvae foliis pronos mutantur in annos,

Hor. A. P. 60.—

Neutr., = mutari, to alter, change:

quantum mores mutaverint argumentum,

Liv. 39, 51, 10:

postquam mutabat aestus,

Tac. A. 2, 23; 12, 20:

annona ex ante convectā copiā nihil mutavit,

Liv. 5, 13, 1:

mox in superbiam mutans,

Tac. A. 12, 29:

adeo animi mutaverant, ut clariorem inter Romanos deditio Postumium... faceret,

Liv. 9, 12, 3:

tantum mutāsse fortunam, ut, etc.,

id. 29, 3, 10; 39, 51, 10.—

To differ, be different:

pastiones hiberno ac verno tempore hoc mutant,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 12:

quantum mutare a Menandro Caecilius visus est,

Gell. 2, 23, 7.—

Of style, to vary:

an ego... poetis, et maxime tragicis concederem, ut ne omnibus locis eādem contentione uterentur, crebroque mutarent? etc.,

Cic. Or. 31, 109.—

In partic.

To change the color of, to color, dye (cf.:

inficio, imbuo): aries jam suave rubenti Murice, jam croceo mutabit vellera luto,

Verg. E. 4, 44:

nec lanarum colores, quibus simplex ille candor mutatus est, elui possunt,

Quint. 1, 1, 5.—

To change for the better, make better, to improve: placet tibi factum, Micio? Mi.:

non, si queam mutare,

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 19.—

To change for the worse; pass., of wine, to spoil, turn, etc.:

ac, nisi mutatum, parcit defundere vinum,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 58:

melle mutatum (sc. balsamum),

adulterated, Plin. 12, 25, 54, § 122.—

Of change in its relation to other things, etc.

In gen., to change one thing, etc., for another:

mutatis ad celeritatem jumentis,

Caes. B. C. 3, 11:

vestimenta mutanti tunica ardere visa est,

Suet. Tib. 14:

calceos et vestimenta,

Cic. Mil. 10, 28.—Esp. freq.: mutare vestem, to change one's dress: An. Muta vestem. Ch. Ubi mutem?... An. Eamus ad me. Ibi proximum'st ubi mutes, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 61 sqq.:

mutando nunc vestem, nunc tegumenta capitis,

Liv. 22, 1, 3; Sen. Ep. 18, 2.—Esp., to put on the garb of mourning, of humility, etc.:

pro me praesente senatus hominumque praeterea viginti millia vestem mutaverunt,

Cic. post Red. ad Quir. 3, 8:

non modo ut vestem mutaret, aut supplex prensaret homines, sed, etc.,

Liv. 2, 61; 8, 37, 9; Cic. Sest. 11, 26; Hor. C. 1, 35, 23.—

Esp.

Mutata verba, i. e. figurative:

mutata (verba), in quibus pro verbo proprio subicitur aliud, quod idem significet, sumptum ex re aliquā consequenti,

Cic. Or. 27, 92.—

Of style, to vary, alter:

reliquum est ut dicas de conversā oratione atque mutatā,

Cic. Part. Or. 7, 23:

genus eloquendi... mutatum,

id. ib. 5, 16.—

Of one's assertion or promise:

quod dixi semel, hau mutabo,

will not break my word, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 90.—

Of place, to change, shift, alter:

locum ex loco mutans (sc. typhon) rapidā vertigine,

Plin. 2, 48, 49, § 132; cf.: quod nec injussu populi mutari finibus posset, to be removed, Liv. 5, 46, 11:

exsules sunt, etiam si solum non mutārunt,

i. e. gone into exile, Cic. Par. 4, 31:

jussa pars mutare Lares et urbem Sospite cursu,

Hor. C. Sec. 39.—

Of common or reciprocal relations, to interchange, exchange.—With cum:

cum amplificatione vectigalium nomen Hieronicae legis mutare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 8, § 19:

ut vestem cum illo mutem,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 24:

ne cujus suorum popularium mutatam secum fortunam esse vellent,

Liv. 21, 45, 6.—With pro:

C. Hostilio pro Etruriā Tarentum mutaverant (sonatus) provinciam, pro Tarento Capuam mutaverunt,

Liv. 27, 35, 14:

non debere eum incerta pro certis mutare,

Sall. J. 83, 1:

mutatos pro Macedonibus Romanos dominos,

Liv. 34, 49, 6.—With abl. of that for which the exchange, etc., is made:

quid terras alio calentes Sole mutamus (patriā),

Hor. C. 2, 16, 19:

victoriae possessionem incertā pace mutāsse,

Liv. 9, 12, 2; also with abl. of that given in exchange, etc.:

victrice patriā victam mutari,

id. 5, 30, 3.—So esp. of trading, etc., to exchange, barter, sell, etc.:

coepit captivos conmercari Aleos, si quem reperire possit, qui mutet suum,

Plaut. Capt. prol. 28; cf.:

homines captivos conmercatur, si queat Aliquem invenire, suum qui mutet filium,

id. ib. 1, 1, 33;

1, 2, 68: hic mutat merces surgente a sole, etc.,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 29:

mutandi copia,

Sall. J. 18, 5.—With abl.:

uvam Furtivā mutat strigili,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 109:

suburbanis lactens porcus aere mutandus est,

Col. 7, 9, 4:

caetera reponantur, vel aere mutentur,

id. 8, 5, 4:

aere mutandi sunt (sc. apri),

id. 9, 1, 7:

quamvis Milesia magno Vellera mutentur,

Verg. G. 3, 307; so with cum and pers. with whom the exchange is made:

eaque mutare cum mercatoribus vino advecticio,

Sall. J. 44, 5.—With inter:

mutare res inter se instituerant,

Sall. J. 18, 9.—

To forsake, abandon, leave:

mutare, derelinquere,

Non. p. 351, 1:

expertum jam principem anxii mutabant,

Tac. H. 3, 44: mihi non persuadetur... mutem meos, Lucil. ap. Non. 351, 3: mutataque sidera pondus Quaesivere suum, i. e. forsaken or abandoned by the gods, Petr. poët. 124, 264.—Hence, mūtā-tus, a, um, P. a., changed, i. e. different, successive:

quae (facies) mutatis inducitur atque fovetur Tot medicaminibus,

Juv. 6, 472.

mūto, ōnis, m., = membrum virile (rare and only poet.), Lucil. ap. Porphyr. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 68; also id. ib. Orell. (K. and H. muttonis).

Mūto, a Roman surname, Cic. Fragm. Or. pro Fundan. p. 445 Orell.

mūto, āvi, ātum (arch. subj. mutassis, Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 49; inf. pass. mutarier, id. Men. prol. 74), 1, v. a. and n. freq. [moveo].

Prop., to move, to move away or from its place, to move to a place (rare):

neque se luna quoquam mutat,

does not move, does not budge, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 117: illa tamen se Non habitu mutatve loco, does not quit her dress or her dwelling, Hor. S. 2, 7, 64:

ne quis invitus civitate mutetur,

be forced to leave, be driven from, Cic. Balb. 13, 30:

hinc dum muter,

if I can only get away from here, Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 73.—

Transf.

Of change in the thing spoken of itself.

In gen.

Act., to alter, change a thing (freq. and class.; cf.

vario): sententiam mutare numquam,

Cic. Mur 29, 61: ego rogatus mutavi consilium meum. id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:

consuetudinem dicendi,

id. Brut. 91, 314:

mentes vestras voluntatesque,

id. Prov. Cons. 10, 25:

cum testamentum mutare cuperet,

id. Clu. 11, 31: propositum. Petr. 116:

ne haec mutet fidem,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 36: nequeo exorare [p. 1181] ut me maneat et cum illo ut mutet fidem, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 28:

tabulas,

to alter one's will, Juv. 14, 55.— Absol.:

natura nescia mutari,

incapable of change, Juv. 13, 240. —With ob:

mutatum jus ob unius feneratoris libidinem,

Liv. 8, 28, 1:

facilem mutatu gentem,

Tac. A. 14, 23.—With ad:

gubernatori ad incursus tempestatum... ratio mutanda est,

Quint. 10, 7, 3:

ad singulas paene distinctiones vultus mutandus est,

id. 11, 3, 47.—With Gr. acc.:

mutata suos flumina cursus,

Verg. E. 8, 4:

negat quicquam ex Latinā ratione mutandum,

Quint. 1, 5, 89.—With cum:

cum illo fidem,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 28 supra; more freq. cum aliquā re, to change with or under the influence of a thing:

facies locorum cum ventis simul mutatur,

Sall. J. 78, 3:

qui cum fortunā non animum mutāsset,

Vell. 2, 82, 2:

quarum uvarum vini jucunditas cum regione mutatur,

Col. 3, 2, 16; Ambros. in Abrah. 2, 10, 68.—With in and acc.:

bona facile mutantur in pejus,

Quint. 1, 1, 5.—With ex:

nisi forte non ex Graeco mutantes, etc.,

Quint. 3, 4, 14:

ex feminis mutari in mares,

Plin. 7, 4, 3, § 36. —With de:

de uxore nihil mutat,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 46.—With ab:

quantum mutatus ab illo Hectore,

Verg. A. 2, 274:

longe mutatus ab illo Sampsone, qui, etc.,

Ambros. Spir. Sanc. 2, prol. § 13.—Non mutat, with rel.-clause, it makes no difference: nec mutat confestim, an interjecto tempore, fidem suam adstrinxerunt, Pap. Dig. 46, 1, 52, § 2. —With abl. instrum. ( poet.):

ut silvae foliis pronos mutantur in annos,

Hor. A. P. 60.—

Neutr., = mutari, to alter, change:

quantum mores mutaverint argumentum,

Liv. 39, 51, 10:

postquam mutabat aestus,

Tac. A. 2, 23; 12, 20:

annona ex ante convectā copiā nihil mutavit,

Liv. 5, 13, 1:

mox in superbiam mutans,

Tac. A. 12, 29:

adeo animi mutaverant, ut clariorem inter Romanos deditio Postumium... faceret,

Liv. 9, 12, 3:

tantum mutāsse fortunam, ut, etc.,

id. 29, 3, 10; 39, 51, 10.—

To differ, be different:

pastiones hiberno ac verno tempore hoc mutant,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 12:

quantum mutare a Menandro Caecilius visus est,

Gell. 2, 23, 7.—

Of style, to vary:

an ego... poetis, et maxime tragicis concederem, ut ne omnibus locis eādem contentione uterentur, crebroque mutarent? etc.,

Cic. Or. 31, 109.—

In partic.

To change the color of, to color, dye (cf.:

inficio, imbuo): aries jam suave rubenti Murice, jam croceo mutabit vellera luto,

Verg. E. 4, 44:

nec lanarum colores, quibus simplex ille candor mutatus est, elui possunt,

Quint. 1, 1, 5.—

To change for the better, make better, to improve: placet tibi factum, Micio? Mi.:

non, si queam mutare,

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 19.—

To change for the worse; pass., of wine, to spoil, turn, etc.:

ac, nisi mutatum, parcit defundere vinum,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 58:

melle mutatum (sc. balsamum),

adulterated, Plin. 12, 25, 54, § 122.—

Of change in its relation to other things, etc.

In gen., to change one thing, etc., for another:

mutatis ad celeritatem jumentis,

Caes. B. C. 3, 11:

vestimenta mutanti tunica ardere visa est,

Suet. Tib. 14:

calceos et vestimenta,

Cic. Mil. 10, 28.—Esp. freq.: mutare vestem, to change one's dress: An. Muta vestem. Ch. Ubi mutem?... An. Eamus ad me. Ibi proximum'st ubi mutes, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 61 sqq.:

mutando nunc vestem, nunc tegumenta capitis,

Liv. 22, 1, 3; Sen. Ep. 18, 2.—Esp., to put on the garb of mourning, of humility, etc.:

pro me praesente senatus hominumque praeterea viginti millia vestem mutaverunt,

Cic. post Red. ad Quir. 3, 8:

non modo ut vestem mutaret, aut supplex prensaret homines, sed, etc.,

Liv. 2, 61; 8, 37, 9; Cic. Sest. 11, 26; Hor. C. 1, 35, 23.—

Esp.

Mutata verba, i. e. figurative:

mutata (verba), in quibus pro verbo proprio subicitur aliud, quod idem significet, sumptum ex re aliquā consequenti,

Cic. Or. 27, 92.—

Of style, to vary, alter:

reliquum est ut dicas de conversā oratione atque mutatā,

Cic. Part. Or. 7, 23:

genus eloquendi... mutatum,

id. ib. 5, 16.—

Of one's assertion or promise:

quod dixi semel, hau mutabo,

will not break my word, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 90.—

Of place, to change, shift, alter:

locum ex loco mutans (sc. typhon) rapidā vertigine,

Plin. 2, 48, 49, § 132; cf.: quod nec injussu populi mutari finibus posset, to be removed, Liv. 5, 46, 11:

exsules sunt, etiam si solum non mutārunt,

i. e. gone into exile, Cic. Par. 4, 31:

jussa pars mutare Lares et urbem Sospite cursu,

Hor. C. Sec. 39.—

Of common or reciprocal relations, to interchange, exchange.—With cum:

cum amplificatione vectigalium nomen Hieronicae legis mutare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 8, § 19:

ut vestem cum illo mutem,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 24:

ne cujus suorum popularium mutatam secum fortunam esse vellent,

Liv. 21, 45, 6.—With pro:

C. Hostilio pro Etruriā Tarentum mutaverant (sonatus) provinciam, pro Tarento Capuam mutaverunt,

Liv. 27, 35, 14:

non debere eum incerta pro certis mutare,

Sall. J. 83, 1:

mutatos pro Macedonibus Romanos dominos,

Liv. 34, 49, 6.—With abl. of that for which the exchange, etc., is made:

quid terras alio calentes Sole mutamus (patriā),

Hor. C. 2, 16, 19:

victoriae possessionem incertā pace mutāsse,

Liv. 9, 12, 2; also with abl. of that given in exchange, etc.:

victrice patriā victam mutari,

id. 5, 30, 3.—So esp. of trading, etc., to exchange, barter, sell, etc.:

coepit captivos conmercari Aleos, si quem reperire possit, qui mutet suum,

Plaut. Capt. prol. 28; cf.:

homines captivos conmercatur, si queat Aliquem invenire, suum qui mutet filium,

id. ib. 1, 1, 33;

1, 2, 68: hic mutat merces surgente a sole, etc.,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 29:

mutandi copia,

Sall. J. 18, 5.—With abl.:

uvam Furtivā mutat strigili,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 109:

suburbanis lactens porcus aere mutandus est,

Col. 7, 9, 4:

caetera reponantur, vel aere mutentur,

id. 8, 5, 4:

aere mutandi sunt (sc. apri),

id. 9, 1, 7:

quamvis Milesia magno Vellera mutentur,

Verg. G. 3, 307; so with cum and pers. with whom the exchange is made:

eaque mutare cum mercatoribus vino advecticio,

Sall. J. 44, 5.—With inter:

mutare res inter se instituerant,

Sall. J. 18, 9.—

To forsake, abandon, leave:

mutare, derelinquere,

Non. p. 351, 1:

expertum jam principem anxii mutabant,

Tac. H. 3, 44: mihi non persuadetur... mutem meos, Lucil. ap. Non. 351, 3: mutataque sidera pondus Quaesivere suum, i. e. forsaken or abandoned by the gods, Petr. poët. 124, 264.—Hence, mūtā-tus, a, um, P. a., changed, i. e. different, successive:

quae (facies) mutatis inducitur atque fovetur Tot medicaminibus,

Juv. 6, 472.

mūto, ōnis, m., = membrum virile (rare and only poet.), Lucil. ap. Porphyr. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 68; also id. ib. Orell. (K. and H. muttonis).

Mūto, a Roman surname, Cic. Fragm. Or. pro Fundan. p. 445 Orell.

rĕ-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 ( perf. reposivi, Plaut. As. 3, 1, 16; part. sync. repostus, a, um, on account of the metre, Lucr. 1, 35; 3, 346; Verg. G. 3, 527; id. A. 1, 26; 6, 59; 655; 11, 149; Hor. Epod. 9, 1; Sil. 7, 507 al.), v. a., to lay, place, put, or set back, i. e.,

With the idea of the re predominant.

To lay, place, put, or set a thing back in its former place; to replace, restore, etc. (class.; syn. remitto).

Lit.:

cum suo quemque loco lapidem reponeret,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 146:

quicque suo loco,

Col. 12, 3, 4:

humum,

the earth dug from a pit, Verg. G. 2, 231:

pecuniam in thesauris,

Liv. 29, 18, 15 Weissenb.; 31, 13; cf.:

ornamenta templorum in pristinis sedibus,

Val. Max. 5, 1, 6:

infans repositus in cunas,

Suet. Aug. 94:

ossa in suas sedes,

Cels. 8, 10, 1:

femur ne difficulter reponatur vel repositum excidat,

set again, id. 8, 20; 8, 10, 7: se in cubitum, to lean on the elbow again (at table), Hor. S. 2, 4, 39:

insigne regium, quod ille de suo capite abjecerat, reposuit,

Cic. Sest. 27, 58:

columnas,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 147:

tantundem inaurati aeris,

Suet. Caes. 54:

togam,

to gather up again, Quint. 6, 3, 54; 11, 3, 149:

capillum,

id. 11, 3, 8, prooem. §

22: excussus curru ac rursus repositus,

Suet. Ner. 24:

nos in sceptra,

to reinstate, Verg. A. 1, 253; cf.:

reges per bella pulsos,

Sil. 10, 487:

aliquem solio,

Val. Fl. 6, 742:

veniet qui nos in lucem reponat dies,

Sen. Ep. 36, 10:

ut mihi des nummos sexcentos quos continuo tibi reponam hoc triduo aut quadriduo,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 38; Sen. Ben. 4, 32 fin.:

quosdam nihil reposuisse,

Plin. Ep. 8, 2, 6:

donata,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 39:

flammis ambesa reponunt Robora navigiis,

to replace, restore, Verg. A. 5, 752:

aris ignem,

id. ib. 3, 231:

molem,

Sil. 1, 558:

ruptos vetustate pontes,

Tac. A. 1, 63:

fora templaque,

id. H. 3, 34:

amissa urbi,

id. A. 16, 13:

statuas a plebe disjectas,

Suet. Caes. 65:

cenam,

Mart. 2, 37, 10;

so esp. freq. in Vergil, of the serving up of a second course, as of a renewed banquet: sublata pocula,

Verg. A. 8, 175:

plena pocula,

id. G. 4, 378:

vina mensis (soon after, instaurare epulas),

id. A. 7, 134:

epulas,

id. G. 3, 527:

festas mensas,

Stat. Th. 2, 88:

cibi frigidi et repositi,

Quint. 2, 4, 29.—

Trop., to put or bring back; to replace, restore, renew:

ut, si quid titubaverint (testes), opportuna rursus interrogatione velut in gradum reponantur,

Quint. 5, 7, 11; cf.:

excidentes unius admonitione verbi in memoriam reponuntur,

id. 11, 2, 19:

nec vera virtus, cum semel excidit, Curat reponi deterioribus,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 30.—

To represent or describe again, to repeat:

fabula quae posci vult et spectata reponi,

Hor. A. P. 190:

Achillem (after Homer),

id. ib. 120; cf.:

dicta paterna,

Pers. 6, 66.—

To repay, requite, return:

cogitemus, alios non facere injuriam, sed reponere,

Sen. Ira, 2, 28; cf. Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 19:

semper ego auditor tantum? nunquamne reponam?

repay, Juv. 1, 1.—

To put back, put to rest, quiet:

pontum et turbata litora,

Val. Fl. 1, 682; cf.:

post otiosam et repositam vitam,

Amm. 29, 1, 44.—

To bend backwards, lay back: (grues) mollia crura reponunt, bend back (in walking), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 76 (Ann. v. 545 Vahl.);

imitated by Virgil: pullus mollia crura reponit,

Verg. G. 3, 76:

cervicem reponunt et bracchium in latus jactant,

Quint. 4, 2, 39:

tereti cervice repostā,

Lucr. 1, 35:

interim quartus (digitus) oblique reponitur,

Quint. 11, 3, 99:

hic potissimum et vocem flectunt et cervicem reponunt,

id. 4, 2, 39:

membra (mortui) toro,

Verg. A. 6, 220:

membra stratis,

id. ib. 4, 392.—

To lay aside or away for preservation; to lay up, store up, keep, preserve, reserve (class.; cf.: regero, reservo).

Lit.: nec tempestive demetendi [p. 1571] percipiendique fructūs neque condendi ac reponendi ulla pecudum scientia est, Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 156:

cibum,

Quint. 2, 4, 29:

formicae farris acervum tecto reponunt,

Verg. A. 4, 403:

Caecubum ad festas dapes,

Hor. Epod. 9, 1:

mella in vetustatem,

Col. 12, 11, 1; 12, 44, 7:

alimenta in hiemem,

Quint. 2, 16, 16:

(caseum) hiemi,

Verg. G. 3, 403:

omnia quae multo ante memor provisa repones,

id. ib. 1, 167:

thesaurum,

Quint. 2, 7, 4:

scripta in aliquod tempus,

id. 10, 4, 2.— Poet.:

eadem (gratia) sequitur tellure repostos, i. e. conditos,

buried, Verg. A. 6, 655; cf.:

an poteris siccis mea fata reponere ocellis? (= me mortuum),

Prop. 1, 17, 11:

tu pias laetis animas reponis Sedibus,

Hor. C. 1, 10, 17:

repono infelix lacrimas, et tristia carmina servo,

Stat. S. 5, 5, 47.—

Trop.:

opus est studio praecedente et acquisitā facultate et quasi repositā,

Quint. 8, prooem. §

29: aliquid scriptis,

id. 11, 2, 9:

manet altā mente repostum Judicium Paridis,

Verg. A. 1, 26:

reponere odium,

Tac. Agr. 39 fin.:

sensibus haec imis... reponas,

Verg. E. 3, 54.—

To put in the place of, to substitute one thing for another (class.).

Lit.:

non puto te meas epistulas delere, ut reponas tuas,

Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 2:

Aristophanem pro Eupoli,

id. Att. 12, 6, 2; Quint. 11, 2, 49:

eorumque in vicem idonea reponenda,

Col. 4, 26, 2:

dira ne sedes vacet, monstrum repone majus,

Sen. Phoen. 122.—

Trop.:

at vero praeclarum diem illis reposuisti, Verria ut agerent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 52.—

To lay aside, to lay down, lay by, put away.

Lit.:

remum,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 16:

arma omnia,

Caes. B. C. 2, 14:

caestus artemque,

Verg. A. 5, 484:

feretro reposto,

id. ib. 11, 149:

onus,

Cat. 31, 8:

telasque calathosque infectaque pensa,

Ov. M. 4, 10; Sil. 7, 507:

rursus sumptas figuras,

Ov. M. 12, 557:

bracchia,

to let down, Val. Fl. 4, 279.— Poet.:

jam falcem arbusta reponunt,

i. e. permit to be laid aside, Verg. G. 2, 416.—

Trop.:

brevem fugam,

to end the flight, Stat. Th. 6, 592:

iram,

Manil. 2, 649.—

With the idea of the verb predominant, to lay, place, put, set a thing anywhere (freq. and class.; syn. colloco).

Lit.:

grues in tergo praevolantium colla et capita reponunt,

Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:

colla in plumis,

Ov. M. 10, 269:

litteras in gremio,

Liv. 26, 15:

hunc celso in ostro,

Val. Fl. 3, 339:

ligna super foco Large reponens,

Hor. C. 1, 9, 6:

(nidum) ante fores sacras reponit,

Ov. M. 15, 407.— With in and acc.:

uvas in vasa nova,

Col. 12, 16:

data sunt legatis, quae in aerarium reposuerant,

Val. Max. 4, 3, 9:

anulos in locellum,

id. 7, 8, 9; cf.:

mergum altius in terram,

Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 205.—

Trop., to place, put, set; to place, count, reckon among:

in vestrā mansuetudine atque humanitate causam totam repono,

Cic. Sull. 33, 92:

vos meam defensionem in aliquo artis loco reponetis,

id. de Or. 2, 48, 198:

suos hortatur, ut spem omnem in virtute reponant,

Caes. B. C. 2, 41:

in se omnem spem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

nihil spei in caritate civium,

Liv. 1, 49; 2, 39:

salutem ac libertatem in illorum armis dextrisque,

id. 27, 45:

verum honorem non in splendore titulorum, sed in judiciis hominum,

Plin. Pan. 84, 8; id. Ep. 1, 3, 3:

plus in duce quam in exercitu,

Tac. G. 30; Liv. 24, 37:

plus in deo quam in viribus reponentes,

Just. 24, 8, 2:

fiduciam in re reponere,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 16; 1, 8, 14:

ea facta, quae in obscuritate et silentio reponuntur,

id. ib. 1, 8, 6:

quos equidem in deorum immortalium coetu ac numero repono,

place, count, reckon among, Cic. Sest. 68, 143; so,

sidera in deorum numero,

id. N. D. 2, 21, 54; cf. id. ib. 3, 19, 47 Mos. N. cr.:

Catulum in clarissimorum hominum numero,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 210: aliquem in suis, Antonius ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A, 1.— With in and acc.:

homines morte deletos in deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 38:

in deorum numerum reponemus,

id. ib. 3, 19, 47:

Isocratem hunc in numerum non repono,

id. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:

aliquid in fabularum numerum,

id. Inv. 1, 26, 39; and:

hanc partem in numerum,

id. ib. 1, 51, 97:

in ejus sinum rem publicam,

Suet. Aug. 94.—Hence, rĕpŏsĭ-tus ( rĕpostus), a, um, P. a.

Remote, distant (syn. remotus;

very rare): penitusque repostas Massylum gentes,

Verg. A. 6, 59:

terrae,

id. ib. 3, 364:

populi,

Sil. 3, 325:

convalles,

App. M. 4, p. 145, 6.—

Laid aside, stored up:

spes,

Vulg. Col. 1, 5:

corona justitiae,

id. 2, Tim. 4, 8.

sancĭo, xi, ctum, 4 ( pluperf. sancierat, Pompon. ap. Diom. p. 368 P.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 904 ib.:

sancivi,

Prisc. 904; Diom. 368; part. perf. sancitum, Lucr. 1, 587; Cass. Sev. ap. Diom. l. l.), v. a. [Sanscr. root sac, sak, to accompany, honor (cf. sequor); whence also sacer; cf. Gr. HaG, hagios, hagnos], to render sacred or inviolable by a religious act; to appoint as sacred or inviolable.

Lit., mostly of legal ordinances or other public proceedings, to fix unalterably; to establish, appoint, decree, ordain; also, to make irrevocable or unalterable; to enact, confirm, ratify, sanction (freq. and class.; cf.: caveo, scisco).

Sancire legem (jus, foedus, etc.):

legibus istis, quas senatus de ambitu sancire voluerit, etc.,

Cic. Planc. 18, 44:

Cretum leges, quas sive Juppiter sive Minos sanxit,

id. Tusc. 2, 14, 34; cf.:

quasdam leges ex integro sanxit,

Suet. Aug. 34; and:

sancire legem, Ne quis, etc.,

Liv. 3, 55:

tabulas Quas bis quinque viri sanxerunt,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 24:

quam temere in nosmet legem sancimus iniquam,

id. S. 1, 3, 67:

legem sanciendo,

Liv. 3, 55 et saep.— Pass.:

haec igitur lex sanciatur, ut, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 12, 40, and 13, 44; cf.:

M. Valerius consul de provocatione legem tulit diligentius sanctam,

Liv. 10, 9:

sacrosanctum esse nihil potest, nisi quod populus plebesve sanxisset,

Cic. Balb. 14, 33:

sanxisset jura nobis,

id. Rep. 3, 11, 18: jus utile civitati, Pompon. ap. Prisc. p. 904:

in quibus (legibus) illa eadem sancta sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123:

cum aut morte tuā sancienda sint consulum imperia, aut impunitate in perpetuum abroganda,

Liv. 8, 7:

SENTENTIAM,

Inscr. Orell. 4405:

foedus,

to ratify the treaty, Liv. 1, 24; so Cic. Sest. 10, 24:

foedera sanguine,

id. post Red. ad Quir. 5, 13; Liv. 23, 8 fin.; 25, 16; Tac. A. 12, 46; cf. poet.:

foedera fulmine,

Verg. A. 12, 200.—

Sancire lege (edicto, etc.) aliquid, de aliquā re, ut, ne, etc.:

alia moribus confirmarunt, sanxerunt autem alia legibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2; cf.:

genus id agrorum certo capite legis confirmari atque sanciri,

id. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

quod aedilis plebis fuisset, contra quam sanctum legibus erat,

Liv. 30, 19:

ne res efferatur jurejurando ac fide sanciatur petunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 2; cf. Liv. 39, 37:

neque enim rogationibus plebisve scitis sancta sunt ista praecepta,

Quint. 2, 13, 6:

coetibus ac sacrificiis conspirationem civitatum,

Tac. Agr. 27:

eadem fuit (causa) nihil de hac re lege sanciendi,

Liv. 34, 4:

nihil lege ullā in alios sanxit,

Just. 3, 2, 8:

de jure praediorum sanctum apud nos est jure civili, ut, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 16, 65:

inhumanissimā lege sanxerunt, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 37, 63; cf.:

habeat legibus sanctum, Si quis...uti, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 6, 20:

lege naturae, communi jure gentium sanctum est, ut, etc.,

Cic. Har. Resp. 14, 32:

primo duodecim tabulis sanctum, ne quis, etc.,

Tac. A. 6, 16:

Flaccus sanxit edicto, ne, etc.,

Cic. Fl. 28, 67:

in omne tempus gravi documento sancirent, ne, etc.,

Liv. 28, 19:

nec, quominus id postea liceret, ulla lex sanxit,

Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3.—

Without abl.:

de quibus confirmandis et sanciendis legem comitiis centuriatis laturus est,

Cic. Phil. 10, 8, 17; cf.:

acta Caesaris,

id. Att. 14, 21, 2:

quae dubia sunt, per vos sancire vult,

id. Agr. 3 4, 13:

augurem Jovis optimi maximi,

id. Phil. 13, 5, 12:

cum de eo nihil sanxerit, quod antea commissum non erat,

id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70:

quid est, quod tam accurate tamque diligenter caveat et sanciat, ut heredes sui, etc.,

id. Fin. 2, 31, 101.—

With acc. and inf.:

rursus fide sanxerunt liberos Tarentinos leges suaque omnia habituros,

Liv. 25, 8:

omnes liberos esse sanxit,

Suet. Claud. 25.—

Lex sancit, decrees, ordains (with acc. or obj.-clause):

at hoc Valeria lex non dicit, Corneliae leges non sanciunt,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 8:

consularis lex sanxit, ne qui magistratus sine provocatione crearetur,

id. Rep. 2, 31, 54; cf.:

res et ab naturā profectas et ab consuetudine probatas, legum metus et religio sanxit,

id. Inv. 2, 53, 160.—

Poet., with relative-clause:

quid quaeque queant, per foedera naturaï, Quid porro nequeant, sancitum quandoquidem exstat,

Lucr. 1, 587. —

To render sacred to any one, to devote, consecrate, dedicate:

sancire alicui carmina,

Stat. S. 3, 3, 215; cf. id. Th. 11, 344: templum, Coripp. 4, 264.—

Transf., to forbid under pain of punishment, to enact a penalty against (very rare):

incestum pontifices supplicio sanciunto,

Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; cf.:

noxiae poena par esto, ut in suo vitio quisque plectatur: vis capite, avaritia multa, honoris cupiditas ignominiā sanciatur,

id. ib. 3, 20, 46; id. Planc. 19, 47:

hoc (sc. insidiae) quamquam video neque more turpe haberi, neque aut lege sanciri aut jure civili: tamen naturae lege sanctum est,

id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

erranti viam non monstrare, quod Athenis exsecrationibus publicis sanctum est,

id. ib. 3, 13, 55:

Solon capite sanxit, si qui in seditione non alterius utrius partis fuisset,

made it a capital offence, id. Att. 10, 1, 2.—With abl. of fine:

injurias factas quinque et viginti assibus sanxerunt,

Gell. 20, 1, 31.—Hence, sanc-tus, a, um, P. a.

Orig., rendered sacred, established as inviolable, i. e. sacred, inviolable (whereas sacer signifies consecrated to a deity. Thus, e. g., a temple, grove, or the like, is sacer locus;

but sanctus locus is any public place which it is forbidden to injure or disturb. A sacer locus is also sanctus, but the converse is not always true): proprie dicimus sancta, quae neque sacra neque profana sunt, sed sanctione quādam confirmata, ut leges sanctae sunt, quia sanctione quādam sunt subnixae. Quod enim sanctione quādam subnixum est, id sanctum est, etsi deo non sit consecratum,

Dig. 1, 8, 9:

sanctum est, quod ab injuriā hominum defensum atque munitum est...In municipiis quoque muros esse sanctos,

ib. 1, 8, 8; cf.:

sanctae res, veluti muri et portae,

ib. 1, 8, 1:

campus,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

tribuni ejus (plebis) essent sanctique sunto,

id. Leg. 3, 3, 9 (cf. sacrosanctus):

societas,

id. Off. 1, 8, 26; id. Rep. 1, 32, 49:

fides induciarum,

Liv. 8, 37:

nullum esse officium, nullum jus tam sanctum atque integrum, quod non ejus scelus atque perfidia violarit et imminuerit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 109; so,

officium,

id. Quint. 6, 26:

poëtae...poëtae nomen,

id. Arch. 8, 18 sq. —Hence, aerarium sanctius, a special treasure of the State, which was only to be used in cases of extreme necessity (v. aerarium).—Of persons:

hospites ab injuriā prohibent sanctosque habent,

Caes. B. G. 6, 23:

ut vestris etiam legionibus sanctus essem,

Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 60:

uxor,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 30.—Because to the idea of inviolability is readily attached that of exalted worth, of sacredness, or divinity (as, on the contrary, our word sacred afterward received the meaning of inviolable, e. g. sacred rights, a sacred promise, sacred honor, etc.), sanctus denotes,

Venerable, august, divine, sacred, pure, holy (very freq. and class.); of a divinity, and of things in any way belonging to one: Saturno sancte create, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 607 Vahl.): Juno Saturnia sancta dearum, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 576 (Ann. v. 65 ib.): teque pater Tiberine (veneror) tuo cum flumine sancto, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 ib.):

numen,

Lucr. 5, 309; 6, 70:

sedes deum,

id. 5, 147; Cic. Rep. 5, 5, 7:

fana,

Lucr. 5, 74:

delubra,

id. 6, 417; 6, 1272:

sanctus augustusque fons,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

sanctior dies (with sollemnis),

Hor. C. 4, 11, 17:

ignes (of a sacrifice),

Verg. A. 3, 406 et saep.—

After Augustus,

a title given to the emperors, Ov. F. 2, 127; Val. Fl. 1, 11:

sanctius et reverentius est visum nomen Augusti,

Flor. 4, 12, 66:

intra limina sanctioris aulae,

Mart. 5, 6, 8 (al. aevi):

amicitiae sanctum et venerabile nomen,

Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 15:

libertas,

Liv. 3, 52:

pudicitia,

id. 3, 52.—

Of character, morally pure, good, innocent, pious, holy, just, etc. (freq. and class.): cum esset ille vir exemplum innocentiae, cumque illo nemo neque integrior esset in civitate neque sanctior, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229; cf.:

sanctissimi viri,

id. Lael. 11, 39:

homines frugalissimi, sanctissimi,

id. Fl. 29, 71:

sancti et religiosi,

id. Rosc. Com. 15, 44; cf.:

qui sunt sancti, qui religionum colentes,

id. Planc. 33, 80:

vir in publicis religionibus foederum sanctus et diligens,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 49: veteres et sancti viri, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9:

sanctius consilium,

Liv. 30, 16; cf.:

jura magistratusque legunt sanctumque senatum,

Verg. A. 1, 426:

da (mihi) justo sanctoque videri,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 61:

Dareus ut erat sanctus et mitis,

Curt. 3, 8, 5:

amores,

pure, chaste, Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 68; cf.:

virgines,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 27:

sanctissima conjux,

Verg. A. 11, 158:

pudor,

Tib. 1, 3, 83:

mores (with pudicitia),

Juv. 10, 298 et saep.:

me quidem id multo magis movet, quod mihi est et sanctius antiquius,

Cic. Att. 12, 19, 4:

quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducatur?

id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6; cf.:

est et sancta et gravis oratio (Calvi),

Quint. 10, 1, 115; so comp.:

oratio,

id. 8, 3, 24:

genus orationis,

id. 4, 2, 125:

eloquentia,

Tac. Or. 4:

manus sanctas habere,

Val. Max. 2, 2, 8:

sanctissima disciplina (Stoicorum),

Gell. 1, 2, 7; cf. Lucr. 3, 371. —

In eccl. Lat., substt.

sanctus, i, m., a saint, holy man:

sancti tui,

Vulg. 2 Par. 6, 41:

omnes sancti ejus,

id. Psa. 30, 24. —

sanctum, i, n., a holy place; esp.:

sanctum sanctorum,

Vulg. Exod. 26, 34 et saep.:

in sancto habitas,

id. Psa. 21, 4.—Also in plur.:

sancta sanctorum,

Vulg. Exod. 40, 11 et saep.: violare sancta, id. Judith, 9, 11. — Adv.: sanctē (acc. to B.), solemnly, conscientiously, scrupulously, religiously, with holy awe, etc.:

jurare,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112; Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 4:

adjurare,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 27; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 26:

nimis sancte pius,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 8; cf.:

pie sancteque colimus naturam excellentem,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

auguste sancteque consecrare,

id. ib. 2, 24, 62:

disce verecundo sanctius ore loqui,

Mart. 8, 1, 2:

multa sunt severius scripta quam in antiquis legibus et sanctius,

Cic. Rab. Post. 4, 8:

se sanctissime gerere,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 13:

te sancte precor,

Liv. 2, 10:

illae (tabulae) servantur sancte,

scrupulously, religiously, Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 7; cf.:

me ea, quae tibi promitto ac recipio, sanctissime esse observaturum,

id. Fam. 5, 8, 5:

virgines tam sancte habuit,

Curt. 3, 12, 21:

exempla conservatae sanctissime utrobique opinionis,

Quint. 1, 2, 4:

apud Sallustium dicta sancte et antique,

purely, chastely, id. 8, 3, 44.

sancĭo, xi, ctum, 4 ( pluperf. sancierat, Pompon. ap. Diom. p. 368 P.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 904 ib.:

sancivi,

Prisc. 904; Diom. 368; part. perf. sancitum, Lucr. 1, 587; Cass. Sev. ap. Diom. l. l.), v. a. [Sanscr. root sac, sak, to accompany, honor (cf. sequor); whence also sacer; cf. Gr. HaG, hagios, hagnos], to render sacred or inviolable by a religious act; to appoint as sacred or inviolable.

Lit., mostly of legal ordinances or other public proceedings, to fix unalterably; to establish, appoint, decree, ordain; also, to make irrevocable or unalterable; to enact, confirm, ratify, sanction (freq. and class.; cf.: caveo, scisco).

Sancire legem (jus, foedus, etc.):

legibus istis, quas senatus de ambitu sancire voluerit, etc.,

Cic. Planc. 18, 44:

Cretum leges, quas sive Juppiter sive Minos sanxit,

id. Tusc. 2, 14, 34; cf.:

quasdam leges ex integro sanxit,

Suet. Aug. 34; and:

sancire legem, Ne quis, etc.,

Liv. 3, 55:

tabulas Quas bis quinque viri sanxerunt,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 24:

quam temere in nosmet legem sancimus iniquam,

id. S. 1, 3, 67:

legem sanciendo,

Liv. 3, 55 et saep.— Pass.:

haec igitur lex sanciatur, ut, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 12, 40, and 13, 44; cf.:

M. Valerius consul de provocatione legem tulit diligentius sanctam,

Liv. 10, 9:

sacrosanctum esse nihil potest, nisi quod populus plebesve sanxisset,

Cic. Balb. 14, 33:

sanxisset jura nobis,

id. Rep. 3, 11, 18: jus utile civitati, Pompon. ap. Prisc. p. 904:

in quibus (legibus) illa eadem sancta sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123:

cum aut morte tuā sancienda sint consulum imperia, aut impunitate in perpetuum abroganda,

Liv. 8, 7:

SENTENTIAM,

Inscr. Orell. 4405:

foedus,

to ratify the treaty, Liv. 1, 24; so Cic. Sest. 10, 24:

foedera sanguine,

id. post Red. ad Quir. 5, 13; Liv. 23, 8 fin.; 25, 16; Tac. A. 12, 46; cf. poet.:

foedera fulmine,

Verg. A. 12, 200.—

Sancire lege (edicto, etc.) aliquid, de aliquā re, ut, ne, etc.:

alia moribus confirmarunt, sanxerunt autem alia legibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2; cf.:

genus id agrorum certo capite legis confirmari atque sanciri,

id. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

quod aedilis plebis fuisset, contra quam sanctum legibus erat,

Liv. 30, 19:

ne res efferatur jurejurando ac fide sanciatur petunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 2; cf. Liv. 39, 37:

neque enim rogationibus plebisve scitis sancta sunt ista praecepta,

Quint. 2, 13, 6:

coetibus ac sacrificiis conspirationem civitatum,

Tac. Agr. 27:

eadem fuit (causa) nihil de hac re lege sanciendi,

Liv. 34, 4:

nihil lege ullā in alios sanxit,

Just. 3, 2, 8:

de jure praediorum sanctum apud nos est jure civili, ut, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 16, 65:

inhumanissimā lege sanxerunt, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 37, 63; cf.:

habeat legibus sanctum, Si quis...uti, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 6, 20:

lege naturae, communi jure gentium sanctum est, ut, etc.,

Cic. Har. Resp. 14, 32:

primo duodecim tabulis sanctum, ne quis, etc.,

Tac. A. 6, 16:

Flaccus sanxit edicto, ne, etc.,

Cic. Fl. 28, 67:

in omne tempus gravi documento sancirent, ne, etc.,

Liv. 28, 19:

nec, quominus id postea liceret, ulla lex sanxit,

Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3.—

Without abl.:

de quibus confirmandis et sanciendis legem comitiis centuriatis laturus est,

Cic. Phil. 10, 8, 17; cf.:

acta Caesaris,

id. Att. 14, 21, 2:

quae dubia sunt, per vos sancire vult,

id. Agr. 3 4, 13:

augurem Jovis optimi maximi,

id. Phil. 13, 5, 12:

cum de eo nihil sanxerit, quod antea commissum non erat,

id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70:

quid est, quod tam accurate tamque diligenter caveat et sanciat, ut heredes sui, etc.,

id. Fin. 2, 31, 101.—

With acc. and inf.:

rursus fide sanxerunt liberos Tarentinos leges suaque omnia habituros,

Liv. 25, 8:

omnes liberos esse sanxit,

Suet. Claud. 25.—

Lex sancit, decrees, ordains (with acc. or obj.-clause):

at hoc Valeria lex non dicit, Corneliae leges non sanciunt,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 8:

consularis lex sanxit, ne qui magistratus sine provocatione crearetur,

id. Rep. 2, 31, 54; cf.:

res et ab naturā profectas et ab consuetudine probatas, legum metus et religio sanxit,

id. Inv. 2, 53, 160.—

Poet., with relative-clause:

quid quaeque queant, per foedera naturaï, Quid porro nequeant, sancitum quandoquidem exstat,

Lucr. 1, 587. —

To render sacred to any one, to devote, consecrate, dedicate:

sancire alicui carmina,

Stat. S. 3, 3, 215; cf. id. Th. 11, 344: templum, Coripp. 4, 264.—

Transf., to forbid under pain of punishment, to enact a penalty against (very rare):

incestum pontifices supplicio sanciunto,

Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; cf.:

noxiae poena par esto, ut in suo vitio quisque plectatur: vis capite, avaritia multa, honoris cupiditas ignominiā sanciatur,

id. ib. 3, 20, 46; id. Planc. 19, 47:

hoc (sc. insidiae) quamquam video neque more turpe haberi, neque aut lege sanciri aut jure civili: tamen naturae lege sanctum est,

id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

erranti viam non monstrare, quod Athenis exsecrationibus publicis sanctum est,

id. ib. 3, 13, 55:

Solon capite sanxit, si qui in seditione non alterius utrius partis fuisset,

made it a capital offence, id. Att. 10, 1, 2.—With abl. of fine:

injurias factas quinque et viginti assibus sanxerunt,

Gell. 20, 1, 31.—Hence, sanc-tus, a, um, P. a.

Orig., rendered sacred, established as inviolable, i. e. sacred, inviolable (whereas sacer signifies consecrated to a deity. Thus, e. g., a temple, grove, or the like, is sacer locus;

but sanctus locus is any public place which it is forbidden to injure or disturb. A sacer locus is also sanctus, but the converse is not always true): proprie dicimus sancta, quae neque sacra neque profana sunt, sed sanctione quādam confirmata, ut leges sanctae sunt, quia sanctione quādam sunt subnixae. Quod enim sanctione quādam subnixum est, id sanctum est, etsi deo non sit consecratum,

Dig. 1, 8, 9:

sanctum est, quod ab injuriā hominum defensum atque munitum est...In municipiis quoque muros esse sanctos,

ib. 1, 8, 8; cf.:

sanctae res, veluti muri et portae,

ib. 1, 8, 1:

campus,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

tribuni ejus (plebis) essent sanctique sunto,

id. Leg. 3, 3, 9 (cf. sacrosanctus):

societas,

id. Off. 1, 8, 26; id. Rep. 1, 32, 49:

fides induciarum,

Liv. 8, 37:

nullum esse officium, nullum jus tam sanctum atque integrum, quod non ejus scelus atque perfidia violarit et imminuerit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 109; so,

officium,

id. Quint. 6, 26:

poëtae...poëtae nomen,

id. Arch. 8, 18 sq. —Hence, aerarium sanctius, a special treasure of the State, which was only to be used in cases of extreme necessity (v. aerarium).—Of persons:

hospites ab injuriā prohibent sanctosque habent,

Caes. B. G. 6, 23:

ut vestris etiam legionibus sanctus essem,

Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 60:

uxor,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 30.—Because to the idea of inviolability is readily attached that of exalted worth, of sacredness, or divinity (as, on the contrary, our word sacred afterward received the meaning of inviolable, e. g. sacred rights, a sacred promise, sacred honor, etc.), sanctus denotes,

Venerable, august, divine, sacred, pure, holy (very freq. and class.); of a divinity, and of things in any way belonging to one: Saturno sancte create, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 607 Vahl.): Juno Saturnia sancta dearum, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 576 (Ann. v. 65 ib.): teque pater Tiberine (veneror) tuo cum flumine sancto, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 ib.):

numen,

Lucr. 5, 309; 6, 70:

sedes deum,

id. 5, 147; Cic. Rep. 5, 5, 7:

fana,

Lucr. 5, 74:

delubra,

id. 6, 417; 6, 1272:

sanctus augustusque fons,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

sanctior dies (with sollemnis),

Hor. C. 4, 11, 17:

ignes (of a sacrifice),

Verg. A. 3, 406 et saep.—

After Augustus,

a title given to the emperors, Ov. F. 2, 127; Val. Fl. 1, 11:

sanctius et reverentius est visum nomen Augusti,

Flor. 4, 12, 66:

intra limina sanctioris aulae,

Mart. 5, 6, 8 (al. aevi):

amicitiae sanctum et venerabile nomen,

Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 15:

libertas,

Liv. 3, 52:

pudicitia,

id. 3, 52.—

Of character, morally pure, good, innocent, pious, holy, just, etc. (freq. and class.): cum esset ille vir exemplum innocentiae, cumque illo nemo neque integrior esset in civitate neque sanctior, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229; cf.:

sanctissimi viri,

id. Lael. 11, 39:

homines frugalissimi, sanctissimi,

id. Fl. 29, 71:

sancti et religiosi,

id. Rosc. Com. 15, 44; cf.:

qui sunt sancti, qui religionum colentes,

id. Planc. 33, 80:

vir in publicis religionibus foederum sanctus et diligens,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 49: veteres et sancti viri, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9:

sanctius consilium,

Liv. 30, 16; cf.:

jura magistratusque legunt sanctumque senatum,

Verg. A. 1, 426:

da (mihi) justo sanctoque videri,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 61:

Dareus ut erat sanctus et mitis,

Curt. 3, 8, 5:

amores,

pure, chaste, Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 68; cf.:

virgines,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 27:

sanctissima conjux,

Verg. A. 11, 158:

pudor,

Tib. 1, 3, 83:

mores (with pudicitia),

Juv. 10, 298 et saep.:

me quidem id multo magis movet, quod mihi est et sanctius antiquius,

Cic. Att. 12, 19, 4:

quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducatur?

id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6; cf.:

est et sancta et gravis oratio (Calvi),

Quint. 10, 1, 115; so comp.:

oratio,

id. 8, 3, 24:

genus orationis,

id. 4, 2, 125:

eloquentia,

Tac. Or. 4:

manus sanctas habere,

Val. Max. 2, 2, 8:

sanctissima disciplina (Stoicorum),

Gell. 1, 2, 7; cf. Lucr. 3, 371. —

In eccl. Lat., substt.

sanctus, i, m., a saint, holy man:

sancti tui,

Vulg. 2 Par. 6, 41:

omnes sancti ejus,

id. Psa. 30, 24. —

sanctum, i, n., a holy place; esp.:

sanctum sanctorum,

Vulg. Exod. 26, 34 et saep.:

in sancto habitas,

id. Psa. 21, 4.—Also in plur.:

sancta sanctorum,

Vulg. Exod. 40, 11 et saep.: violare sancta, id. Judith, 9, 11. — Adv.: sanctē (acc. to B.), solemnly, conscientiously, scrupulously, religiously, with holy awe, etc.:

jurare,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112; Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 4:

adjurare,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 27; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 26:

nimis sancte pius,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 8; cf.:

pie sancteque colimus naturam excellentem,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

auguste sancteque consecrare,

id. ib. 2, 24, 62:

disce verecundo sanctius ore loqui,

Mart. 8, 1, 2:

multa sunt severius scripta quam in antiquis legibus et sanctius,

Cic. Rab. Post. 4, 8:

se sanctissime gerere,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 13:

te sancte precor,

Liv. 2, 10:

illae (tabulae) servantur sancte,

scrupulously, religiously, Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 7; cf.:

me ea, quae tibi promitto ac recipio, sanctissime esse observaturum,

id. Fam. 5, 8, 5:

virgines tam sancte habuit,

Curt. 3, 12, 21:

exempla conservatae sanctissime utrobique opinionis,

Quint. 1, 2, 4:

apud Sallustium dicta sancte et antique,

purely, chastely, id. 8, 3, 44.

venter, tris, m. [perh. for gventer; cf. Gr. gastêr; Sanscr. gatharas].

Lit.

In gen., the belly (syn.:

alvus, abdomen),

Plin. 11, 37, 82. § 207; Cels. 7, 16; Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 4; Cic. Div 2, 58, 119.— Plur., Mart. 13, 26, 1; Plin. 9, 50, 74, § 157. —

In partic., as the seat of the stomach, conveying the accessory idea of greediness, gormandizing, the paunch, maw: Cyclopis venter, velut olim turserat alte, Carnibus humanis distentus, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 870 P. (Ann. v. 326 Vahl.); Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 33:

ventri operam dare,

id. Ps. 1, 2, 43; id. Pers. 1, 3, 18; Hor. S. 1, 6, 128; 2, 8, 5; id. Ep. 1, 15, 32; Juv. 3, 167; 11, 40:

proin tu tui cottidiani victi ventrem ad me adferas,

i. e. an appetite for ordinary food, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 75: vivite lurcones, comedones, vivite ventres, ye maws, for ye gluttons, gormandizers, Lucil. ap. Non. 11, 8.—In partic.:

ventrem facere,

to have a passage at stool, Veg. Vet. 3, 57.—

Transf.

The womb:

homines in ventre necandos Conducit,

Juv. 6, 596.—

The fruit of the womb, fœtus: ignorans nurum ventrem ferre, Liv 1, 34, 2; Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 19; Col. 6, 24, 2; Dig. 5, 4, 3; 25, 6, 1; 37, 9, 1, § 13; 29, 2, 30; Ov. M. 11, 311; Hor. Epod. 17, 50.—

The bowels, entrails, Col. 9, 14, 6; Plin. 11, 20, 23, § 70.—

Of any thing that swells or bellies out, a belly, i. e. a swelling, protuberance:

tumidoque cucurbita ventre,

Prop. 4, 2, 23 (5, 2, 43); Verg. G. 4, 122:

lagonae,

Juv. 12, 60:

concavus tali,

Plin. 11, 46, 106, § 255:

parietis,

Dig. 8, 5, 17:

aquae ductus,

Vitr. 8, 7.

fingo, finxi, fictum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. dih-, dēhmi, smear; Gr. thig, thinganô, touch; whence figulus, figura, etc.; prop., to handle].

Lit.

To touch, handle, stroke, touch gently (rare):

mulcere alternos, et corpora fingere lingua,

Verg. A. 8, 634:

saepe manus aegras manibus fingebat amicis,

Ov. F. 5, 409.—

Esp., to form, shape, fashion, frame, make (class.), whence also figulus:

esse aliquam vim, quae finxerit, vel, ut tuo verbo utar, quae fabricata sit hominem,

Cic. Ac. 2, 27, 87; cf.:

ab aliquo deo ficti esse videantur,

id. de Or. 1, 25, 115:

fingere et construere nidos,

build, id. ib. 2, 6, 23:

favos,

id. Off. 1, 44, 157:

ut illa bestia fetum ederet informem, lambendo postgea fingeret, etc.,

Gell. 17, 10, 3.—

In partic.

Of the plastic art, to form or fashion by art (in wax, clay, stone, etc.), to mould or model, as a statuary:

quorum alterum fingere opinor e cera solitum esse, alterum esse pictorem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 13, § 30; cf.:

in ceris aut fictilibus figuris,

id. N. D. 1, 26, 71:

similitudines ex argilla,

Plin. 35, 12, 43, § 151; cf.

, sarcastically: hic homullus, ex argilla et luto fictus Epicurus,

Cic. Pis. 25, 59:

pocula de humo,

Ov. Tr. 2, 489:

Alexander ab Apelle potissimum pingi et a Lysippo fingi volebat... qui neque pictam neque fictam imaginem suam passus est esse, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 7; cf.:

fingendi ars,

of making statues, statuary, id. de Or. 3, 7, 26:

corpora fingendo pingendove efficere,

Quint. 5, 12, 21.—

With the access. notion of arranging, adorning, etc., to set to rights, arrange; to adorn, dress, trim ( poet. syn.:

componere, excolere, ornare): Bene cum lauta est (mulier), tersa, ornata, ficta est: infecta est tamen,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 4:

cum se non finxerit ulli,

Ov. R. Am. 341:

isti ficti, compositi, crispi cincinni,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 32; cf.:

canas fingere comas,

Tib. 1, 2, 92:

comas presso pollice,

Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 14; Ov. A. A. 1, 306; Mart. 6, 57; cf.:

comas auro,

Stat. Th. 5, 228:

crinem,

Verg. A. 4, 148; cf. also Phaedr. 2, 2, 9:

vitem putando,

Verg. G. 2, 407 Forbig.—

With the access. notion of untruth, to alter, change, for the purpose of dissembling:

hi neque vultum fingere, neque interdum lacrimas tenere poterant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39, 4; cf.:

vultus quoque hominum fingit scelus,

i. e. makes men change countenance, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 14.

Trop.

In gen., to form, fashion, make: Ly. multa eveniunt homini quae [p. 751] volt, quae nevolt. Ph. Mentire, gnate, nam sapiens quidem pol ipsus fingit fortunam sibi, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 84; cf.

the vv. foll.: natura fingit homines et creat imitatores et narratores facetos,

Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 219:

animos fingere, formare,

id. Brut. 38, 142: cf.:

moderari et fingere mentem ac voluntates,

id. Leg. 3, 18, 40:

ea quae nobis non possumus fingere, vultus, facies, sonus,

id. de Or. 1, 28, 127: formam totius rei publicae velim mittas, ex qua me fingere possim, regulate myself, i. e. proceed, act, id. Att. 6, 3, 4; cf.:

ad eorum (qui audiunt) arbitrium et nutum totos se fingunt et accommodant,

id. Or. 8, 24:

ea (verba) nos sicut mollissimam ceram ad nostrum arbitrium formamus et fingimus,

id. de Or. 3, 45, 177; cf.

also: arbitrio fingere,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

fortuna humana fingit artatque ut lubet,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 54; cf.:

vitam subito flecti fingique posse,

shaped, directed, Cic. Sull. 28, 79; cf. id. ib. 25, 69:

jure erat semper idem voltus, cum mentis, a qua is fingitur, nulla fieret mutatio,

id. Tusc. 3, 15, 31; cf.:

circumspexit amictus et finxit vultum,

composed, Ov. M. 4, 318:

lingua vocem immoderate profusam fingit et terminat,

forms, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149; cf.:

Peripateticorum institutis commodius fingeretur oratio,

id. Brut. 31, 119: ego apis Matinae more modoque operosa parvus carmina fingo (like the Gr. plattô), make, compose, Hor. C. 4, 2, 32:

carmina,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 227; id. A. P. 331; 240:

versus,

id. ib. 382:

poëmata,

Suet. Tit. 3:

opprobria in quemvis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 30.—

In partic.

With a double predicate, to form, make into something or in a certain manner:

finxit te ipsa natura ad honestatem, gravitatem... ad omnes denique virtutes magnum hominem et excelsum,

Cic. Mur. 29, 60:

nec, si miserum fortuna Sinonem Finxit, vanum etiam mendacemque improba finget,

Verg. A. 2, 79:

(illum) spissae nemorum comae Fingent Aeolio carmine nobilem,

Hor. C. 4, 3, 12:

di bene fecerunt, inopis me quodque pusilli Finxerunt animi,

id. S. 1, 4, 18: timui, mea me finxisse minora putarer Dissimulator opis propriae, to have lessened, i. e. purposely disparaged it, id. Ep. 1, 9, 8.—

To form by instruction, to instruct, teach, train:

idem mire finxit filium,

i. e. caused him to play his part, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 25; cf.:

voce paterna Fingeris ad rectum,

Hor. A. P. 367:

fingitur artibus,

id. C. 3, 6, 22:

fingit equum tenera docilem cervice magister Ire viam, qua monstret eques,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 64.—

To form mentally or in speech, to represent in thought, to imagine, conceive, think, suppose; to sketch out:

fingite animis... fingite cogitatione imaginem hujus condicionis meae, etc.,

Cic. Mil. 29, 79; cf.:

omnia quae cogitatione nobismet ipsi possumus fingere,

id. N. D. 3, 18, 47:

fingere animo,

id. de Sen. 12, 41: cf.

also: animo et cogitatione,

id. Tusc. 5, 24, 68:

ex sua natura ceteros,

to conceive of, id. Rosc. Am. 9, 26:

quid magis exercitum dici aut fingi potest?

id. Mil. 2, 5:

maleficium,

id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116:

tu, stulta, deos, tu fingis inania vera,

Prop. 3, 20 (4, 19), 5:

qui utilitatum causa fingunt amicitias,

suppose, Cic. Lael. 14, 51:

principatum sibi ipse opinionis errore finxerat,

had imagined to himself, id. Off. 1, 8, 26:

in summo oratore fingendo,

in representing, sketching out, id. Or. 2, 7:

finge tamen te improbulum,

Juv. 5, 72.—

With double acc.:

quod si qui me astutiorem fingit,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6:

Tiresiam sapientem fingunt poetae... at vero Polyphemum Homerus immanem finxit,

id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115.—

With an object-clause, and in pass., with a subject-clause:

finge, aliquem nunc fierisapientem, nondum esse,

suppose, Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 117:

finge solum natum nothum,

Quint. 3, 6, 100.—Ellipt.: interfecti aliqui sunt;

finge a nobis,

assume, grant, Liv. 39, 37, 11:

fingamus Alexandrum dari nobis,

Quint. 1, 1, 24:

non omnia corpora fingunt in medium niti,

Lucr. 1, 1083; cf. id. 2, 175:

qui naufragus fingitur se suspendisse,

Quint. 8, 5, 22:

qui suos artus morsu lacerasset, fingitur in scholis supra se cubasse,

id. 8, 2, 20.—

Pregn., with the access. notion of creating by thinking, to contrive, devise, invent, feign something (esp. untrue):

argento comparando fingere fallaciam,

Plaut. As. 2, 1, 2; 4:

fallacias,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 22:

fallaciam,

id. And. 1, 3, 15; cf.: nonne ad senem aliquam fabricam fingit? id. Heaut. 3, 2, 34:

fingit causas, ne det, sedulo,

id. Eun. 1, 2, 58:

falsas causas ad discordiam,

id. Hec. 4, 4, 71:

si mihi aliquam (rem publicam), ut apud Platonem Socrates, ipse finxero,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1 fin.; cf. id. ib. 2, 11:

ex eventis fingere,

id. Fam. 6, 6, 4:

(crimina) in istum fingere,

id. Verr. 1, 5, 15:

ea quae sunt in usu vitaque communi, non ea, quae finguntur aut optantur,

id. Lael. 5, 18:

in faciem moresque meos nova crimina fingis,

Ov. H. 12, 177:

fingere qui non visa potest, commissa tacere Qui nequit,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 84:

quaelibet in quemvis opprobria fingere,

id. Ep. 1, 15, 30:

finguntur et testamenta,

Quint. 7, 4, 39:

nemo dolorem fingit in hoc casu,

Juv. 13, 132: qui sub obtentu monituum deorum scientes eos fingunt, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 15, 2, 6. —With double acc.:

bonois se ac liberales,

Sen. Ben. 4, 17, 3.—With inf.:

ignorare fingit,

Claud. in Eutrop. 2, 306.—Hence, fic-tus, a, um, P. a., feigned, fictitious, false:

in amicitia nihil fictum est, nihil simulatum,

Cic. Lael. 8, 26; cf. id. ib. 18, 65:

ficto officio et simulata sedultiate conjunctus,

id. Caecin. 5, 14:

in re ficta (opp. in vera),

id. Lael. 7, 24:

falsum est id totum neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

id. Rep. 2, 15:

commenticii et ficti dii,

id. N. D. 2, 28, 70:

fabula,

id. Off. 3, 9, 39:

in rebus fictis et adumbratis,

id. Lael. 26, 97:

amor,

Lucr. 4, 1192:

gemitus,

Ov. M. 6, 565:

cunctatio,

Tac. A. 1, 46:

ficto pectore fatur,

Verg. A. 2, 107.— Poet. and in post-Aug. prose also, of persons:

pro bene sano Ac non incauto fictum astutumque vocamus,

dissembling, false, Hor. S. 1, 3, 62:

alii fictum (eum), ingratum, immemorem loquuntur,

Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 3;

but: ficta pellice plorat,

imaginary, Juv. 6, 272.— Poet., subst.: fictum, i, n., deception, fiction:

ficti pravique tenax,

Verg. A. 4, 188:

jam consumpserat omnem Materiam ficti,

Ov. M. 9, 767.—Adverb.:

fictumque in colla minatus, Crura subit,

Stat. Th. 6, 876.— Adv.: ficte, feignedly, fictitiously:

ficte et simulate quaestus causa insusurrare,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 13:

ficte reconciliata gratia,

id. Fam. 3, 12, 4.

fingo, finxi, fictum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. dih-, dēhmi, smear; Gr. thig, thinganô, touch; whence figulus, figura, etc.; prop., to handle].

Lit.

To touch, handle, stroke, touch gently (rare):

mulcere alternos, et corpora fingere lingua,

Verg. A. 8, 634:

saepe manus aegras manibus fingebat amicis,

Ov. F. 5, 409.—

Esp., to form, shape, fashion, frame, make (class.), whence also figulus:

esse aliquam vim, quae finxerit, vel, ut tuo verbo utar, quae fabricata sit hominem,

Cic. Ac. 2, 27, 87; cf.:

ab aliquo deo ficti esse videantur,

id. de Or. 1, 25, 115:

fingere et construere nidos,

build, id. ib. 2, 6, 23:

favos,

id. Off. 1, 44, 157:

ut illa bestia fetum ederet informem, lambendo postgea fingeret, etc.,

Gell. 17, 10, 3.—

In partic.

Of the plastic art, to form or fashion by art (in wax, clay, stone, etc.), to mould or model, as a statuary:

quorum alterum fingere opinor e cera solitum esse, alterum esse pictorem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 13, § 30; cf.:

in ceris aut fictilibus figuris,

id. N. D. 1, 26, 71:

similitudines ex argilla,

Plin. 35, 12, 43, § 151; cf.

, sarcastically: hic homullus, ex argilla et luto fictus Epicurus,

Cic. Pis. 25, 59:

pocula de humo,

Ov. Tr. 2, 489:

Alexander ab Apelle potissimum pingi et a Lysippo fingi volebat... qui neque pictam neque fictam imaginem suam passus est esse, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 7; cf.:

fingendi ars,

of making statues, statuary, id. de Or. 3, 7, 26:

corpora fingendo pingendove efficere,

Quint. 5, 12, 21.—

With the access. notion of arranging, adorning, etc., to set to rights, arrange; to adorn, dress, trim ( poet. syn.:

componere, excolere, ornare): Bene cum lauta est (mulier), tersa, ornata, ficta est: infecta est tamen,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 4:

cum se non finxerit ulli,

Ov. R. Am. 341:

isti ficti, compositi, crispi cincinni,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 32; cf.:

canas fingere comas,

Tib. 1, 2, 92:

comas presso pollice,

Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 14; Ov. A. A. 1, 306; Mart. 6, 57; cf.:

comas auro,

Stat. Th. 5, 228:

crinem,

Verg. A. 4, 148; cf. also Phaedr. 2, 2, 9:

vitem putando,

Verg. G. 2, 407 Forbig.—