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21 officer
[ˈɔfɪsə]bank officer банковский служащий bank officer должностное лицо банка officer офицер; pl офицеры, офицерский состав; billeting officer квартирьер case officer должностное лицо, рассматривающее иск certifying officer сотрудник, заверяющий документы chief executive officer (CEO) директор предприятия chief executive officer (CEO) управляющий делами chief financial officer (CFO) директор по финансовым вопросам chief medical officer старший офицер медицинской службы chief tribunal officer председатель трибунала childrens' officer инспектор по делам несовершеннолетних commercial diplomatic officer торговый дипломатический представитель commercial officer торговый представитель consular officer консульский работник county medical officer медицинский инспектор округа county revenue officer налоговый инспектор округа customs officer работник таможни customs officer служащий таможни customs officer таможенник customs officer таможенный инспектор distraint officer лицо, налагающее арест на имущество в обеспечение выполнения долга district officer окружной чиновник employment officer консультант по вопросам трудоустройства execution officer исполнительное лицо field officer (амер.) старший офицер financial officer финансовый работник officer мор. капитан на торговом судне; first officer старший помощник; mercantilemarine officers командный состав торгового флота first officer суд. первый помощник капитана the great officers of state высшие сановники государства; medical officer, officer of health санитарный инспектор officer: guidance officer ответственный работник руководящего центра head officer упр. руководитель in-plant safety officer представитель службы техники безопасности предприятия industrial development officer консультант по промышленному развитию industrial promotion officer консультант по вопросам содействия развитию промышленности interrogating officer лицо, ведущее допрос interrogating officer следователь interrogation officer следователь judicial officer судебное должностное лицо, судебный чиновник land valuation officer оценщик земельных участков law officer служащий суда law officer юрист line officer строевой офицер local government officer должностное лицо муниципалитета local government officer муниципальный служащий medical officer врач medical officer врач-специалист medical officer медицинский инспектор medical officer санитарный врач medical officer специалист здравоохранения the great officers of state высшие сановники государства; medical officer, officer of health санитарный инспектор officer мор. капитан на торговом судне; first officer старший помощник; mercantilemarine officers командный состав торгового флота navigating officer ав., мор. штурман non-commissioned officer сержант officer должностное лицо, служащий, чиновник officer должностное лицо officer инспектор officer мор. капитан на торговом судне; first officer старший помощник; mercantilemarine officers командный состав торгового флота officer (обыкн. pass.) командовать officer (обыкн. pass.) обеспечивать, укомплектовывать офицерским составом; the regiment was well officered полк был хорошо укомплектован офицерским составом officer офицер officer офицер; pl офицеры, офицерский состав; billeting officer квартирьер officer полицейский officer служащий officer сотрудник учреждения officer чиновник, должностное лицо; служащий; член правления (клуба и т. п.); officer of the court судебный исполнитель или судебный пристав officer чиновник Officer: Officer: Flying officer офицер-летчик (в Англии) officer: officer: guidance officer ответственный работник руководящего центра officer for social affairs должностное лицо по социальным делам (вопрсам) officer of corporation должностное лицо корпорации officer of court представитель судебной власти officer of court судебный исполнитель the great officers of state высшие сановники государства; medical officer, officer of health санитарный инспектор officer чиновник, должностное лицо; служащий; член правления (клуба и т. п.); officer of the court судебный исполнитель или судебный пристав officer on duty дежурный офицер peace officer должностное лицо, наблюдающее за сохранением общественного порядка personnel officer служащий отдела кадров petty officer старшина (во флоте) placement officer сотрудник службы занятости police officer полицейский, полисмен police officer полицейский press officer пресс-атташе press officer сотрудник, ответственный за связи с прессой prison officer тюремный служащий probation officer должностное лицо, осуществляющее надзор за условно осужденными probation officer инспектор, наблюдающий за поведением условно осужденных преступников public officer государственное должностное лицо public officer государственный служащий public: officer officer (или official) государственный служащий; public opinion общественное мнение; public opinion poll опрос населения по (какому-л.) вопросу purchasing officer должностное лицо закупочного органа purchasing officer лицо в компании, которое закупает то, что необходимо компании officer (обыкн. pass.) обеспечивать, укомплектовывать офицерским составом; the regiment was well officered полк был хорошо укомплектован офицерским составом relieving officer попечитель, ведающий помощью бедным (в приходе, районе) returning officer должностное лицо, осуществляющее контроль над проведением парламентских выборов returning officer должностное лицо, осуществляющее контроль над проведением выборов; уполномоченный по выборам revenue officer таможенный чиновник revenue: officer attr. таможенный; revenue cutter таможенное судно; revenue officer таможенный чиновник safety officer сотрудник службы безопасности senior officer старшее должностное лицо social welfare officer должностное лицо по социальному обеспечению trade promotion officer служащий отдела торговой рекламы valuation officer налоговый инспектор vocational guidance officer эксперт по профессиональной ориентации welfare officer работник службы социального обеспечения welfare officer уполномоченный по наблюдению за бывшими малолетними правонарушителями (Великобритания) -
22 agent
1) агент; представитель; посредник; поверенный2) действующая сила; фактор3) pl агентство -
23 agent
[ˈeɪdʒənt]acquisition agent агент по заключению новых договоров страхования agent агент, представитель, посредник, доверенное лицо; forwarding agent экспедитор; station agent амер. начальник станции; ticket agent амер. кассир билетной кассы agent агент agent агент (шпион) agent агент (представитель) agent агентство agent pl агентура agent действующая сила; фактор; вещество; chemical agent химическое вещество, реактив; physical agent физическое тело; road agent амер. разбойник с большой дороги agent действующая сила agent деятель agent доверенное лицо agent поверенный agent посредник agent представитель agent связной, ординарец agent сотрудник государственного учреждения agent средство agent фактор agent хозяйственная единица agent (эк.) хозяйственная единица appointed agent уполномоченный посредник appointed agent уполномоченный торговый агент authorized agent уполномоченный агент average agent мор.страх. диспашер bargaining agent торговый агент be an agent of company быть представителем компании break bulk agent агент по загрузке товаров навалом bus agent вчт. абонент шины business agent торговый агент buying agent торговый агент agent действующая сила; фактор; вещество; chemical agent химическое вещество, реактив; physical agent физическое тело; road agent амер. разбойник с большой дороги clearing agent таможенный инспектор commercial agent коммерческий агент commercial agent торговый агент commission agent комиссионер, фактор commission agent комиссионер consular agent консульский агент customs agent таможенный контролер diplomatic agent дипломатический представитель election agent секретарь избирательной комиссии escrow agent лицо, в руках которого находится счет до урегулирования отношений между двумя принципалами estate agent агент по недвижимости estate agent агент по продаже недвижимости estate agent управляющий имением estate: agent attr.: agent agent агент по продаже домов, земельных участков и имений (тж. real estate agent) agent attr.: agent agent управляющий имением exclusive agent единственный представитель fiscal agent финансовый агент fiscal agent фискальный агент agent агент, представитель, посредник, доверенное лицо; forwarding agent экспедитор; station agent амер. начальник станции; ticket agent амер. кассир билетной кассы forwarding agent сопровождающий товара forwarding agent экспедитор general agent агент, представляющий доверителя по широкому кругу вопросов general agent генеральный агент, агент с общими полномочиями на ведение конкретного дела или предприятия general agent генеральный агент general freight agent (GFA) генеральный агент по фрахтовым операциям general freight agent (GFA) главный агент по фрахтовым операциям groupage agent агент по перевозкам сборных грузов insurance agent страховой агент joint agent совместное транспортное агентство land agent агент по продаже земельных участков local agent местный агент mercantile agent комиссионер mercantile agent торговый агент ostensible agent презюмируемый представитель parliamentary agent лоббист part-time agent агент-совместитель patent agent патентный поверенный paying agent посредник в платежах agent действующая сила; фактор; вещество; chemical agent химическое вещество, реактив; physical agent физическое тело; road agent амер. разбойник с большой дороги press agent агент по печати и рекламе press agent составитель рекламных объявлений press agent сотрудник информационного агентства principal paying agent основной посредник в платежах purchasing agent агент по закупкам purchasing agent агент по материально-техническому снабжению purchasing agent агент по снабжению real estate agent агент по операциям с недвижимостью real estate agent агент по торговле недвижимостью reducing agent хим. восстановитель reinsurance agent агент по перестрахованию agent действующая сила; фактор; вещество; chemical agent химическое вещество, реактив; physical agent физическое тело; road agent амер. разбойник с большой дороги sales agent агент по сбыту sales agent заведующий отделом сбыта sales agent коммерческий директор sales agent торговый агент secret agent секретный агент secret agent тайный агент selling agent агент по продаже selling agent торговый агент share-issuing agent агент, выпускающий акции shipping agent агент по погрузке и отправке грузов shipping agent экспедитор sole agent единственный агент sole agent единственный представитель state agent государственный представитель agent агент, представитель, посредник, доверенное лицо; forwarding agent экспедитор; station agent амер. начальник станции; ticket agent амер. кассир билетной кассы agent агент, представитель, посредник, доверенное лицо; forwarding agent экспедитор; station agent амер. начальник станции; ticket agent амер. кассир билетной кассы transient agent нестойкое отравляющее вещество travel agent коммивояжер travel agent представитель бюро путешествий undercover agent тайный агент undercover: undercover тайный, секретный; undercover agent тайный агент underwriting agent страховой агент universal agent агент, представляющий доверителя по всему кругу вопросов universal agent генеральный агент universal agent генеральный представитель -
24 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
25 office
ˈɔfɪs сущ.
1) а) пост, должность, служба assume an office be in office come into office enter upon office get into office hold office leave office resign office seek office an office under Government take office win office honorary office appointive office elective office high office б) долг, обязанность, функция It is my office to open the mail. ≈ В мои обязанности входит вскрывать почту. Syn: obligation, duty, business, function
2) а) контора, канцелярия, офис to be in the office ≈ служить в конторе, в канцелярии;
быть на месте at/in an office ≈ в офисе She works at our office. ≈ Она работает в нашем офисе. - branch office head office home office main office booking office box office ticket office dead-letter office doctor's office lawyer's office left-luggage office lost-and-found office lost property office met office meteorological office patent office post office printing office dentist's office recruiting office inquiry office office block public office б) ведомство, министерство;
управление Foreign Office Foreign and Commonwealth Office Home Office Office of Education в) кабинет, комната( занимаемая каким-л. должностным лицом) ;
авиац. сл. кабина пилота
3) а) услуга, помощь good offices Syn: service, kindness, attention б) мн. службы( коммунальные - сарай, гараж и т.п.) в) отхожее место
4) церковная служба;
обряд Office for the Dead Office of the Mass last offices
5) разг. знак, намек give the office take the office Syn: hint, signal служба, место, должность, пост - * under Government место на государственной службе - judicial * cудебная должность - holder of an * должностное лицо - to be in * занимать пост - to come into * принять дела;
приступить к исполнению служебных обязанностей - to take * вступить в должность;
приступить к исполнению служебных обязанностей - to leave * уйти со службы - he hasn't run for * for years он уже много лет не выставлял своей кандидатуры (на должность, пост и т. п.) - he was elected twice to the * of president он дважды избирался на пост президента нахождение у власти, на посту - term of * cрок полномочий - to renew the term of * возобновить мандат - to be in * быть у власти( о правительстве) входить в состав правительства, иметь министерский портфель - to take * прийти к власти - to put smb. in * поставить кого-л. у власти - to be corrupted by * поддаться разлагающему влиянию власти контора, офис, канцелярия - lawyer's * адвокатская контора - editorial * редакция - post * почтовое отделение;
почта - publishing * издательство - inquiry * справочное бюро - doctor's * (американизм) кабинет врача - recruiting * призывной пункт - * expenses расходы на оргтехнику - * appliances оргтехника - * hours часы работы учреждения;
приемные часы - his * hours are from 12 to 14 он бывает в конторе с 12 до 14 часов - * number исходящий номер - * furniture конторская мебель, конторское оборудование - * staff конторские служащие - * work канцелярская работа - our London * наше лондонское отделение;
наша контора в Лондоне - to work at an * служить в учреждении - to be in an * быть служащим, клерком и т. п. служебное помещение, кабинет, офис - private * личный кабинет - the chairman's * is to the left кабинет председателя налево фирма, компания, особ. страховая компания( собирательнле) конторские служающие;
служащие учреждений;
клерки;
сотрудники предприятия - the whole * was at her wedding на ее свадьбе присутствовали все сотрудники отдела ведомство, министерство;
управление;
комитет - War O. военное министерство - (the) Foreign O. министерство иностранных дел - Сolonial O. министерство по делам заморских территорий управление, отдел, бюро - International Labour O. международное бюро труда - Record O. Государственный архив - Patent O. патентное бюро - O. of Education упрвление по вопросам образования подсобные помещения;
службы при доме (кладовые и т. п.) конюшни, амбары. коровники и т. п. на ферме обязанность, долг;
функция;
задача;
роль;
предназначение - little domestic *s несложные домашние обязанности - the * of host обязанности хозяина - consular * функции консула, консульские обязанности - he performs the * of treasurer он выполняет фунции казначея услуга;
помощь - good *s добные услуги - ill * плохая услуга религиозный обря;
церковная служба, ежедневное чтение молитв и псалмов;
заупокойная месса - O. of Baptism обряд крещения - O. for the Dead заупокойная служба - O. of the Mass обедня - to say one's * читать вечерюю или утреннюю молитву - to perform the last *s for smb. совершать погребальный обряд над кем-л. (сленг) намек, сведения, знак;
тайный сигнал - to give the * сделать намек;
дать сведения > fat * доходное место > *s of profit оплачиваемый пост (занятие которого членом парламента влечет за собой его отставку) > Holy O. (историческое) Святая палата( официальное название инквизиции) accident ~ бюро по несчастным случаям accountant's ~ бухгалтерия accounting ~ бухгалтерия ~ служба, должность;
an office under Government место на государственной службе;
an honorary office почетная должность under: England ~ the Stuarts Англия в эпоху Стюартов;
an office under Government государственная служба application for ~ просьба о зачислении на должность appointment to ~ назначение на должность appointment to ~ назначение на место appointment to ~ назначение на пост assay ~ пробирная палата assessment ~ налоговое управление audit ~ ревизионное управление automated ~ автоматизированное бюро to take (или to enter upon) ~ вступать в должность;
to be in office быть у власти ~ контора, канцелярия;
амер. кабинет врача;
to be in the office служить в конторе, в канцелярии;
dentist's office амер. зубоврачебный кабинет booking ~ билетная касса branch ~ отделение branch ~ филиал branch post ~ местное почтовое отделение branch post ~ филиал почтового отделения broking firm's ~ представительство брокерской фирмы building ~ строительное управление business ~ торговая контора Cabinet ~ секретариат кабинета министров cargo registration ~ бюро регистрации грузов cash ~ касса cash ~ помещение кассы cashier's ~ касса cashier's ~ помещение кассы central ~ главная контора central ~ главный офис clearance ~ расчетная палата clearance ~ расчетное учреждение clearing ~ расчетная палата clearing ~ расчетное учреждение company registration ~ бюро регистрации компаний complaints ~ бюро рекламаций county revenue ~ налоговая инспекция округа criminal records ~ учреждение, ведущее регистрацию преступлений customs ~ таможня data processing ~ отдел обработки данных delivery post ~ почтовое отделение доставки ~ контора, канцелярия;
амер. кабинет врача;
to be in the office служить в конторе, в канцелярии;
dentist's office амер. зубоврачебный кабинет dismissal from ~ освобождение от должности dispatch ~ экспедиционная контора distraint ~ орган, налагающий арест на имущество в обеспечение выполнения долга district ~ окружная контора district ~ районное отделение district ~ районный офис drawing ~ конструкторский отдел drawing ~ конструкторское бюро eligibility for ~ право на занятие должности eligible for ~ имеющий право на занятие должности employment ~ бюро по найму рабочей силы employment ~ бюро по трудоустройству exchange control ~ центр валютного контроля exchange ~ пункт обмена валюты express parcels ~ отделение срочной доставки посылок foreign exchange ~ пункт обмена иностранной валюты forwarding ~ станция отправления forwarding ~ транспортно-экспедиторская контора forwarding ~ транспортно-экспедиторское учреждение front ~ администрация корпорации front ~ главное управление front ~ дилерская комната front ~ дирекция front ~ правление фирмы front ~ руководство организации front ~ руководящие круги full-time ~ штатная должность general post ~ главный почтамт to get (или to come) into ~ принять дела, приступить к исполнению служебных обязанностей;
to win office победить на выборах, прийти к власти ~ разг. намек, знак;
to give (to take) the office сделать (понять) намек ~ услуга;
good office любезность, одолжение;
ill office плохая услуга government ~ правительственное учреждение head ~ главная контора head ~ правление head ~ управление head post ~ почт. главный почтамт honorary ~ неоплачиваемая должность honorary ~ почетная должность housing ~ управление по жилищному строительству ~ услуга;
good office любезность, одолжение;
ill office плохая услуга in ~ в должности in ~ у власти ineligible for ~ лишенный права занятия должности, лишенный права на пребывание в должности information ~ справочно-информационное бюро inquiry ~ справочное бюро inquiry ~ справочный стол recruiting ~ призывной пункт;
inquiry office справочное бюро;
our London office наш филиал в Лондоне issuing ~ отдел исходящих документов ~ обязанность, долг;
функция;
it is my office to open the mail в мои обязанности входит вскрывать почту joint sales ~ совместный отдел сбыта judicial ~ судебная должность judicial ~ юридическое бюро (палаты лордов) labour ~ отдел кадров land registry ~ государственная контора, регистрирующая земельные сделки ~ церковная служба;
обряд;
Office for the Dead заупокойная служба;
the Office of the Mass обедня;
the last offices похоронный обряд law ~ адвокатская фирма law ~ контора адвокатов law ~ судебное ведомство law ~ юридическая фирма to hold ~ занимать пост;
to leave (или to resign) office уйти с должности licensing ~ отдел лицензий life ~ контора по страхованию жизни local branch ~ контора местного отделения local government ~ муниципальное учреждение local ~ местная контора;
местное бюро local ~ местная контора lost property ~ бюро находок luggage registration ~ отделение регистрации багажа main ~ главная контора main ~ главное управление mining ~ управление горной промышленности ministerial ~ канцелярия министра ministerial ~ министерство misconduct in ~ нарушение служебных обязанностей municipal architect's ~ управление архитектора города municipal ~ муниципальное управление national debt ~ отдел банка по государственному долгу national registration ~ государственное бюро записи актов гражданского состояния non-eligibility for ~ отсутствие права на занятие должности non-eligible for ~ не имеющий права на зянятие должности notary's ~ нотариальная контора office бюро ~ ведомство, министерство, контора, канцелярия ~ ведомство, министерство;
управление;
Office of Education Федеральное управление просвещения (в США) ~ ведомство ~ должность ~ канцелярия ~ контора, канцелярия;
амер. кабинет врача;
to be in the office служить в конторе, в канцелярии;
dentist's office амер. зубоврачебный кабинет ~ контора ~ министерство ~ разг. намек, знак;
to give (to take) the office сделать (понять) намек ~ обязанность, долг;
функция;
it is my office to open the mail в мои обязанности входит вскрывать почту ~ обязанность ~ офис ~ пост ~ расследование по вопросам, связанным с правом короны на недвижимое или движимое имущество ~ служба, должность;
an office under Government место на государственной службе;
an honorary office почетная должность ~ служба ~ pl службы при доме (кладовые и т. п.) ~ служебное помещение ~ управление ~ услуга ~ услуга;
good office любезность, одолжение;
ill office плохая услуга ~ учреждение ~ функция ~ церковная служба;
обряд;
Office for the Dead заупокойная служба;
the Office of the Mass обедня;
the last offices похоронный обряд ~ block административное здание;
здание, в котором помещаются конторы разных фирм ~ церковная служба;
обряд;
Office for the Dead заупокойная служба;
the Office of the Mass обедня;
the last offices похоронный обряд ~ ведомство, министерство;
управление;
Office of Education Федеральное управление просвещения (в США) ~ of future отдел перспективного планирования ~ of issue эмитент ~ of notary public государственная нотариальная контора ~ of patent agents бюро патентных поверенных ~ церковная служба;
обряд;
Office for the Dead заупокойная служба;
the Office of the Mass обедня;
the last offices похоронный обряд recruiting ~ призывной пункт;
inquiry office справочное бюро;
our London office наш филиал в Лондоне paperless ~ вчт. безбумажное учреждение paperless ~ организация с безбумажным делопроизводством parcels ~ грузовая контора parcels ~ ж.-д. посылочное отделение patent ~ патентное бюро patent ~ патентное ведомство patent: ~ office бюро патентов;
patent right амер. патент pay ~ платежная касса pay ~ платежное учреждение pay ~ финансовая часть payment ~ касса period in ~ период нахождения в должности personnel ~ отдел кадров placement ~ бюро трудоустройства post ~ почтовое отделение prefect's ~ префектура Prime Minister's Office канцелярия премьер-министра public employment ~ государственная контора по трудоустройству public ~ государственное учреждение public ~ муниципальное учреждение public: ~ общественный;
государственный;
public man общественный деятель;
public office государственное, муниципальное или общественное учреждение public prosecutor's ~ прокуратура public record ~ государственный архив record: Record Office, Public Record Office Государственный архив public relations ~ отдел по связям с общественными организациями purchasing ~ офис компании, где оформляются все ее покупки Record Office государственный архив (Великобритания) record: Record Office, Public Record Office Государственный архив recruiting ~ призывной пункт;
inquiry office справочное бюро;
our London office наш филиал в Лондоне regional ~ региональное бюро regional ~ региональное управление register ~ бюро записи актов гражданского состояния register ~ регистратура register: ~ office = registry registered ~ зарегистрированная контора registered ~ официальный адрес правления компании registered ~ юридический адрес компании registrar's ~ регистрационное бюро registry ~ регистратура;
отдел записи актов гражданского состояния removal from ~ смещение с должности representative ~ представительство revenue ~ бюро налогов и сборов salary ~ отдел заработной платы sales ~ отдел сбыта shipping ~ транспортная контора social service ~ бюро социального обслуживания social welfare ~ бюро социального обеспечения sorting ~ сортировочный отдел State Accident Compensation Office Государственное управление (бюро) по выплате компенсаций в связи с несчастным случаем status inquiry ~ орган обследования общественного положения to take (или to enter upon) ~ вступать в должность;
to be in office быть у власти take ~ вступать в должность tax collector's ~ налоговое управление tax ~ налоговое управление ticket ~ билетная касса tourist information ~ туристическое бюро vacant ~ вакансия vacant ~ вакантная должность wage ~ касса wage ~ расчетный отдел to get (или to come) into ~ принять дела, приступить к исполнению служебных обязанностей;
to win office победить на выборах, прийти к власти -
26 office
[ˈɔfɪs]accident office бюро по несчастным случаям accountant's office бухгалтерия accounting office бухгалтерия office служба, должность; an office under Government место на государственной службе; an honorary office почетная должность under: England office the Stuarts Англия в эпоху Стюартов; an office under Government государственная служба application for office просьба о зачислении на должность appointment to office назначение на должность appointment to office назначение на место appointment to office назначение на пост assay office пробирная палата assessment office налоговое управление audit office ревизионное управление automated office автоматизированное бюро to take (или to enter upon) office вступать в должность; to be in office быть у власти office контора, канцелярия; амер. кабинет врача; to be in the office служить в конторе, в канцелярии; dentist's office амер. зубоврачебный кабинет booking office билетная касса branch office отделение branch office филиал branch post office местное почтовое отделение branch post office филиал почтового отделения broking firm's office представительство брокерской фирмы building office строительное управление business office торговая контора Cabinet office секретариат кабинета министров cargo registration office бюро регистрации грузов cash office касса cash office помещение кассы cashier's office касса cashier's office помещение кассы central office главная контора central office главный офис clearance office расчетная палата clearance office расчетное учреждение clearing office расчетная палата clearing office расчетное учреждение company registration office бюро регистрации компаний complaints office бюро рекламаций county revenue office налоговая инспекция округа criminal records office учреждение, ведущее регистрацию преступлений customs office таможня data processing office отдел обработки данных delivery post office почтовое отделение доставки office контора, канцелярия; амер. кабинет врача; to be in the office служить в конторе, в канцелярии; dentist's office амер. зубоврачебный кабинет dismissal from office освобождение от должности dispatch office экспедиционная контора distraint office орган, налагающий арест на имущество в обеспечение выполнения долга district office окружная контора district office районное отделение district office районный офис drawing office конструкторский отдел drawing office конструкторское бюро eligibility for office право на занятие должности eligible for office имеющий право на занятие должности employment office бюро по найму рабочей силы employment office бюро по трудоустройству exchange control office центр валютного контроля exchange office пункт обмена валюты express parcels office отделение срочной доставки посылок foreign exchange office пункт обмена иностранной валюты forwarding office станция отправления forwarding office транспортно-экспедиторская контора forwarding office транспортно-экспедиторское учреждение front office администрация корпорации front office главное управление front office дилерская комната front office дирекция front office правление фирмы front office руководство организации front office руководящие круги full-time office штатная должность general post office главный почтамт to get (или to come) into office принять дела, приступить к исполнению служебных обязанностей; to win office победить на выборах, прийти к власти office разг. намек, знак; to give (to take) the office сделать (понять) намек office услуга; good office любезность, одолжение; ill office плохая услуга government office правительственное учреждение head office главная контора head office правление head office управление head post office почт. главный почтамт honorary office неоплачиваемая должность honorary office почетная должность housing office управление по жилищному строительству office услуга; good office любезность, одолжение; ill office плохая услуга in office в должности in office у власти ineligible for office лишенный права занятия должности, лишенный права на пребывание в должности information office справочно-информационное бюро inquiry office справочное бюро inquiry office справочный стол recruiting office призывной пункт; inquiry office справочное бюро; our London office наш филиал в Лондоне issuing office отдел исходящих документов office обязанность, долг; функция; it is my office to open the mail в мои обязанности входит вскрывать почту joint sales office совместный отдел сбыта judicial office судебная должность judicial office юридическое бюро (палаты лордов) labour office отдел кадров land registry office государственная контора, регистрирующая земельные сделки office церковная служба; обряд; Office for the Dead заупокойная служба; the Office of the Mass обедня; the last offices похоронный обряд law office адвокатская фирма law office контора адвокатов law office судебное ведомство law office юридическая фирма to hold office занимать пост; to leave (или to resign) office уйти с должности licensing office отдел лицензий life office контора по страхованию жизни local branch office контора местного отделения local government office муниципальное учреждение local office местная контора; местное бюро local office местная контора lost property office бюро находок luggage registration office отделение регистрации багажа main office главная контора main office главное управление mining office управление горной промышленности ministerial office канцелярия министра ministerial office министерство misconduct in office нарушение служебных обязанностей municipal architect's office управление архитектора города municipal office муниципальное управление national debt office отдел банка по государственному долгу national registration office государственное бюро записи актов гражданского состояния non-eligibility for office отсутствие права на занятие должности non-eligible for office не имеющий права на зянятие должности notary's office нотариальная контора office бюро office ведомство, министерство, контора, канцелярия office ведомство, министерство; управление; Office of Education Федеральное управление просвещения (в США) office ведомство office должность office канцелярия office контора, канцелярия; амер. кабинет врача; to be in the office служить в конторе, в канцелярии; dentist's office амер. зубоврачебный кабинет office контора office министерство office разг. намек, знак; to give (to take) the office сделать (понять) намек office обязанность, долг; функция; it is my office to open the mail в мои обязанности входит вскрывать почту office обязанность office офис office пост office расследование по вопросам, связанным с правом короны на недвижимое или движимое имущество office служба, должность; an office under Government место на государственной службе; an honorary office почетная должность office служба office pl службы при доме (кладовые и т. п.) office служебное помещение office управление office услуга office услуга; good office любезность, одолжение; ill office плохая услуга office учреждение office функция office церковная служба; обряд; Office for the Dead заупокойная служба; the Office of the Mass обедня; the last offices похоронный обряд office block административное здание; здание, в котором помещаются конторы разных фирм office церковная служба; обряд; Office for the Dead заупокойная служба; the Office of the Mass обедня; the last offices похоронный обряд office ведомство, министерство; управление; Office of Education Федеральное управление просвещения (в США) office of future отдел перспективного планирования office of issue эмитент office of notary public государственная нотариальная контора office of patent agents бюро патентных поверенных office церковная служба; обряд; Office for the Dead заупокойная служба; the Office of the Mass обедня; the last offices похоронный обряд recruiting office призывной пункт; inquiry office справочное бюро; our London office наш филиал в Лондоне paperless office вчт. безбумажное учреждение paperless office организация с безбумажным делопроизводством parcels office грузовая контора parcels office ж.-д. посылочное отделение patent office патентное бюро patent office патентное ведомство patent: office office бюро патентов; patent right амер. патент pay office платежная касса pay office платежное учреждение pay office финансовая часть payment office касса period in office период нахождения в должности personnel office отдел кадров placement office бюро трудоустройства post office почтовое отделение prefect's office префектура Prime Minister's Office канцелярия премьер-министра public employment office государственная контора по трудоустройству public office государственное учреждение public office муниципальное учреждение public: office общественный; государственный; public man общественный деятель; public office государственное, муниципальное или общественное учреждение public prosecutor's office прокуратура public record office государственный архив record: Record Office, Public Record Office Государственный архив public relations office отдел по связям с общественными организациями purchasing office офис компании, где оформляются все ее покупки Record Office государственный архив (Великобритания) record: Record Office, Public Record Office Государственный архив recruiting office призывной пункт; inquiry office справочное бюро; our London office наш филиал в Лондоне regional office региональное бюро regional office региональное управление register office бюро записи актов гражданского состояния register office регистратура register: office office = registry registered office зарегистрированная контора registered office официальный адрес правления компании registered office юридический адрес компании registrar's office регистрационное бюро registry office регистратура; отдел записи актов гражданского состояния removal from office смещение с должности representative office представительство revenue office бюро налогов и сборов salary office отдел заработной платы sales office отдел сбыта shipping office транспортная контора social service office бюро социального обслуживания social welfare office бюро социального обеспечения sorting office сортировочный отдел State Accident Compensation Office Государственное управление (бюро) по выплате компенсаций в связи с несчастным случаем status inquiry office орган обследования общественного положения to take (или to enter upon) office вступать в должность; to be in office быть у власти take office вступать в должность tax collector's office налоговое управление tax office налоговое управление ticket office билетная касса tourist information office туристическое бюро vacant office вакансия vacant office вакантная должность wage office касса wage office расчетный отдел to get (или to come) into office принять дела, приступить к исполнению служебных обязанностей; to win office победить на выборах, прийти к власти -
27 budget
1. сущ.1)а) фин., учет бюджет, смета, финансовый план (план доходов и расходов на определенный срок; может иметься в виду соответствующий план государства, региона, компании или отдельного домохозяйства)ATTRIBUTES:
municipal budget — муниципальный бюджет, бюджет муниципального образования
national [state\] budget — государственный бюджет
COMBS:
a budget data — бюджетные данные, бюджетная информация
an item in [on\] a budget — статья в бюджете
the budget debate; the debate on the budget — обсуждение бюджета
The budget debate [the debate on the budget\] lasted for two days. — Обсуждение бюджета продолжались два дня.
to submit [present\] a budget — предоставить бюджет на рассмотрение
to pass [approve\] the budget — принять [одобрить, утвердить\] бюджет
The council could refuse to set a legal budget which would result in its being unable to borrow money and pay its employees. — Совет может отказаться от составления официального бюджета, в результате чего не сможет брать кредиты и оплачивать труд своих служащих.
See:consumer budget 1), actual budget, administrative budget, adopted budget, advertising and promotion budget, advertising budget, alternative budget, annual budget, appropriated budget, bottom-up budget, balanced budget, bottom-up budgeting, baseline budget, capital budget, cash budget, civilian budget, Common Budget, complete budget, congressional budget, continuous budget, consolidated budget, consolidated cash budget, construction budget 1), cost of goods manufactured budget, cost of goods sold budget, current budget, defense budget, deficit budget, departmental budget, direct labour budget, direct materials budget, draft budget, executive budget, family budget, federal budget 1), financial budget, fixed assets budget, fixed budget, flexed budget, flexible budget, forecast budget, full-employment budget, functional budget, high-employment budget, household budget, incremental budget, labour budget, lame-duck budget, life-cycle budget, line-item budget, local budget, long-range budget, manufacturing overhead budget, marketing budget, master budget, materials budget, merchandise budget, military budget, national income accounts budget, non-appropriated budget, operating budget, original budget, overhead budget, partial budget, participative budget, performance budget, planned budget, president's budget, production budget, profit budget, pro forma budget, programme budget, promotion budget 1) а), project budget 1) а), proposed budget, publicity budget, purchasing budget, regulatory budget, revised budget, sales cost budget, selling and administrative expense budget, short-range budget, state budget, stock budget, supporting budget, surplus budget, tax expenditure budget, top-down budget, training budget 1) а), travel budget 1) а), Treasury Budget, unbalanced budget, unified budget, zero-based budget, budget analyst, budget balance, budget deficit, budget director, budget surplus, budget accountant, budget allocation, budget analysis, budget analyst, budget assumption, budget authority, budget balance, budget bill, Budget Bureau, budget category, budget classification, budget day, budget deficit, budget director, budget engineer, budget estimates, budget examiner, budget expenditures, budget line, budget message, budget officer, budget planning, budget price, budget process, budget programming, budget proposal, budget receipts, budget report, budget resolution, budget revenues, budget statement, budget variance, budget year, balance the budget, Congressional Budget Office, Financial Statement and Budget Report, off-budget, Office of Management and Budget, on-budget, budgeting, backdoor financing, highlightsб) фин., учет бюджет (план хозяйственный деятельности, выраженный не в денежных, а в натуральных единицах; напр., план производства, в котором данные о количестве использованных материалов, запасов незавершенного производства на конец и начало планируемого периода и количестве готовой продукции приводятся в физических (натуральных) единицах измерения: штуках, килограммах и т. п.)See:production budget, labour budget, materials budget, stock budget, quantitative budget, purchasing budget, budget accountant2) фин., учет бюджет (сумма, выделенная на реализацию какой-л. программы, осуществление проекта или покрытие каких-л. целевых расходов)ATTRIBUTES:
tight budget — напряженный [ограниченный, стесненный\] бюджет
to exceed [stretch\] a budget — выходить за пределы бюджета
to cut [reduce\] a budget — урезать [сократить\] бюджет
See:advertising budget, construction budget 2), consumer budget 2), administrative budget, budget level, advertising and promotion budget, federal budget 1), training budget 1) б), travel budget 1) б), total budget, publicity budget, promotion budget 1) б), project budget 1) б) budget constraint3) фин., учет бюджет, бюджетный фонд* (единый пул средств, образуемый в течение данного периода и предназначенный для покрытия ряда расходов)To get reimbursed from our budget for purchases, you must fill out a voucher form. — Чтобы получить возмещение стоимости покупки из нашего закупочного фонда, вы должны заполнить подтверждающий документ.
4) эк. прир. баланс (схема движения какого-л. ресурса и оценка его запаса на начало и конец периода)energy budget — энергетический баланс (количественное описание энергообмена в физической или экологической системе)
See:5) общ. запас, большое количество.2. гл.If you don't dedicate an adequate budget of time and money to marketing, it's unlikely you'll attract enough customers to sustain and grow your venture. — Маловероятно, что вам удастся привлечь достаточное количество клиентов, чтобы поддерживать и развивать свое предприятие, если вы не выделите на маркетинг достаточное количество времени и денег.
фин., учет намечать, планировать, составлять бюджет [смету\], бюджетировать; предусматривать [выделять\] в бюджете, ассигновать по бюджету (выделять в бюджете сумму на какую-л. цель)to budget expenditures — составлять бюджет [смету\] расходов
The council is budgeting for a 25% increase in expenditure on roads. — Совет планирует двадцатипятипроцентное увеличение расходов на дороги.
How will I know how much to budget for my entire cruise vacation? — Как я узнаю, какие средства нужно выделить на весь круиз?
The university had to budget for an increase in the number of students. — Университету пришлось предусмотреть в бюджете средства на увеличение числа студентов.
See:3. прил.1) эк. дешевый, недорогой; экономичныйbudget price — низкая [невысокая\] цена
Syn:See:budget price 1)2) общ. малобюджетный, имеющий ограниченный бюджет, с ограниченными средствамиSee:
* * *
бюджет: 1) детальный план (предполагаемые размеры) расходов и доходов правительства на новый финансовый год; 2) прогноз финансового положения предприятия (компании) в течение определенного периода; расчет материальных затрат и потребностей; обычно расчет идет от бюджета производства и материальных затрат к наличному бюджету и далее - к расчетному балансу компании и счету прибылей; 3) смета расходов и доходов по проекту, мероприятию; см. balanced budget; 4) экономичный, на основе продуманного бюджета, дешевый (напр., бюджетный отдых (budget holiday)).* * *• /vt/ ассигновать• бюджет* * *бюджет; смета; финансовая смета; планируемые расходы; план по расходам; план по расходам и доходам. Детальная смета финансовой деятельности, например, рекламный бюджет (смета расходов на рекламу), план сбыта, бюджет капиталовложений (смета инвестиций в основной капитал) . ассигновать; предусматривать в бюджете Словарь экономических терминов .* * *Финансы/Кредит/Валюта-----роспись денежных доходов и расходов государства, предприятия на определенный период, утвержденный в законодательном порядке см. bdgt-----количественное выражение плана, помощь для его координации и воплощения -
28 office
управление; департамент; комитет; отдел; бюро; секретариат, канцелярия; разг. кабина экипажаJoint Service Cruise Missile Program [Project] office — объединенное управление разработки КР (для ВВС и ВМС)
office of Information, Navy — информационное управление ВМС
office of Research, Development and Evaluation — управление НИОКР ВМС
office of the Chief, Army Reserve — управление резерва СВ
office of the Comptroller, Navy — управление главного финансового инспектора ВМС
office of the Deputy COFS for Research, Development and Acquisition — управление заместителя НШ по НИОКР и закупкам (СВ)
office, Aerospace Research — управление воздушно-космических исследований
office, Analysis and Review — управление анализа и контроля потребностей
office, Armor Force Management and Standardization — управление по вопросам администрации и стандартизации бронетанковых войск
office, Assistant COFS for Force Development — управление ПНШ по строительству ВС
office, Assistant COFS for Intelligence — управление ПНШ по разведке
office, Assistant COFS — управление [отдел] ПНШ
office, Assistant Secretary of Defense — аппарат [секретариат] ПМО
office, Chief of Chaplains — управление начальника службы военных священников (СВ)
office, Chief of Civil Affairs — управление по связям с гражданской администрацией и населением
office, Chief of Engineers — управление начальника инженерных войск
office, Chief of Finance (and Accounting) — управление начальника финансовой службы (СВ)
office, Chief of Legislative Liaison — отдел связи с законодательными органами
office, Chief of Ordnance — управление начальника артиллерийско-технической службы (СВ)
office, Chief of R&D — управление НИОКР (СВ)
office, Chief of Transportation — управление [отдел] начальника транспортной службы
office, Chief, Chemical Corps — управление начальника химической службы
office, COFS for Operations — оперативное управление НШ
office, COFS, Army — аппарат НШ СВ
office, Consolidated Personnel — управление гражданских рабочих и служащих
office, Coordinator of Army Studies — управление координатора разработок СВ
office, Defense Transportation — управление военно-транспортной службы
office, Deputy Chief of Naval Operations, Air Warfare — управление заместителя НШ ВМС по боевому применению авиации
office, Deputy COFS for Aviation — отдел заместителя НШ по авиации (МП)
office, Deputy COFS for Installations and Logistics — управление заместителя НШ по расквартированию и тыловому обеспечению
office, Deputy COFS for Manpower — управление заместителя НШ по людским ресурсам
office, Deputy COFS for Operations and Training — управление заместителя НШ по оперативной и боевой подготовке
office, Deputy COFS for Plans and Logistics — управление заместителя НШ по планированию тылового обеспечения
office, Development and Engineering — отдел технических разработок (ЦРУ)
office, Development and Weapon Systems Analysis — управление разработки и анализа систем вооружения
office, Director of Development Planning — управление планирования строительства (ВВС)
office, Director of Foreign Intelligence — управление начальника внешней разведки
office, Distribution Services — отдел распределения и рассылки картографических изданий (МО)
office, Economic Research — отдел экономических исследований (ЦРУ)
office, Emergency Transportation — управление чрезвычайных перевозок
office, Employment Policy and Grievance Review — отдел по вопросам занятости и рассмотрению жалоб (СВ)
office, Federal Procurement Policy — управление разработки федеральной политики в области закупок
office, Force Planning and Analysis — управление планирования и анализа строительства ВС
office, General Council — управление генерального юрисконсульта
office, Geographic and Cartographic Research — отдел географических и картографических исследований (ЦРУ)
office, Imagery Analysis — отдел анализа видовой информации (ЦРУ)
office, Information and Legal Affairs — управление информации и права (МО)
office, Information for. the Armed Forces — управление информации ВС
office, JCS — аппарат КНШ
office, Judge Advocate General — управление начальника военно-юридической службы
office, Management and Budget — административно-бюджетное управление
office, Military Assistance — управление по оказанию военной помощи
office, Personnel Manager — отдел кадров (СВ)
office, Services and Information Agency — отдел управления информационного обеспечения
office, Special Assistant for Logistical Support of Army Aircraft — отдел специального помощника по вопросам МТО армейской авиации
office, Special Assistant for Logistical Support of Tactical Communications — отдел специального помощника по вопросам МТО тактических систем связи
office, the Inspector General — управление генерального инспектора
office, the Legislative Affairs — управление военного законодательства
office, Under Secretary of Navy — аппарат заместителя министра ВМС
office, Under Secretary of the Air Force — аппарат заместителя министра ВВС
Personnel, Plans and Training office — отдел по вопросам ЛС, планирования и боевой подготовки
Strategic Objectives [Targets] Planning office — управление планирования стратегических задач (КНШ)
Surveillance, Target Acquisition and Night Observation System office — управление разработки систем наблюдения, засечки целей и ПНВ
— Resources Management office -
29 price
1. n1) цена
- acceptable price
- accounting price
- accurate price
- acquisition price
- actual price
- adjustable prices
- adjusted price
- administered price
- advanced price
- advertized price
- after price
- after hours price
- agreed price
- agreed-upon price
- aggregate price
- agricultural product prices
- all-in price
- all-round price
- American Selling Price
- anticipated price
- applicable price
- approximate price
- arm's length price
- asked price
- asking price
- attractive price
- average price
- bargain price
- base price
- basic price
- basic point price
- basis price
- bedrock price
- benchmmark price
- best price
- best-performing share prices
- bid price
- black market price
- blanket price
- bona fide selling price
- bond price
- book price
- boom price
- bottom price
- B-share prices
- budget price
- buy-back price
- buyers' price
- buying price
- calculative price
- call price
- carry-over price
- cash price
- catalogue price
- ceiling price
- cheap price
- clearing price
- close prices
- closing price
- closing share price
- coming out price
- commodity price
- common price
- comparable prices
- comparative prices
- competitive price
- competitor's price
- constant price
- consumer prices
- contracted price
- cost price
- cutthroat price
- daily settlement price
- dealer price
- decontrolled prices
- delivered price
- demand price
- derived target price
- determined price
- differential prices
- dirt cheap price
- disbursing price
- discounted price
- distress price
- domestic price
- dropping prices
- dual price
- entry-preventing price
- equation price
- equilibrium price
- equitable price
- equity price
- escalating prices
- escalation prices
- escalator prices
- established price
- estimated price
- estimated total price
- euro price
- exact price
- exceptional price
- excessive price
- exchange price
- exclusive price
- exercise price
- exhaust price
- existing price
- exorbitant price
- external prices
- extra price
- factor price
- factory price
- factory gate price
- factory list price
- fair price
- falling prices
- fancy price
- farm prices
- farm commodity prices
- farm produce prices
- favourable price
- final price
- firm price
- first price
- fixed price
- flat price
- flexible prices
- floor price
- fluctuating price
- foreign price
- forward price
- free market price
- full-cost price
- gilt prices
- global price
- going price
- going market price
- gross price
- grower's price
- guaranteed price
- guideline price
- guiding price
- half price
- hard prices
- heavy price
- high price
- highest price
- hire price
- hire purchase price
- home price
- home market price
- House price
- huge price
- identical price
- implicit price
- import price
- inbound price
- increased price
- individual price
- individual price of production
- individual cost price
- inflated prices
- initial price
- inside price
- internal price
- intervention price
- invoiced price
- irregular prices
- issue price
- item price
- itemized price
- job prices
- just price
- keen price
- kerb prices
- knockdown price
- knockout price
- laid-down price
- land price
- landed price
- last price
- leading price
- limit price
- limited price
- listed price
- live market price
- livestock price
- loaded price
- local price
- local market price
- loco price
- low price
- lowest price
- lump-sum price
- making-up price
- manufacturer's price
- manufacturing price
- marginal price
- markdown price
- marked price
- market price
- market-determined price
- marrying price
- maximum price
- mean price
- median price
- median home prices
- medium price
- mercantile price
- middle price
- minimum price
- moderate price
- monopoly price
- national price
- natural price
- negotiable price
- negotiated price
- net price
- new prices
- nominal price
- nonflexible price
- normal price
- normalized price
- notional price
- offered price
- offering price
- offer of issue price
- official price
- open price
- opening price
- option price
- option price of shares
- original price
- output price
- outside price
- overestimated price
- overhead price
- package price
- packing price
- parity price
- peak price
- pegged price
- piece price
- popular prices
- posted price
- preferential price
- pre-increase price
- preliminary price
- premium price
- present price
- prevailing prices
- probate price
- procurement price
- producer's price
- prohibitive price
- public offering price
- published price
- purchase price
- purchasing price
- put price
- put-and-call price
- quantity price
- quoted price
- raw material price
- real price
- realization price
- reasonable price
- receding prices
- receiving price
- recent prices
- recommended price
- redemption price
- reduced price
- reference price
- regular price
- relative prices
- remunerative price
- rent price
- replacement price
- resale price
- reservation price
- reserve price
- reserved price
- retail price
- revised price
- rising prices
- rock-bottom price
- ruinous price
- ruling price
- sale price
- seasonal price
- sagging price
- saleable price
- secondhand price
- security price
- sellers' price
- selling price
- sensitive prices
- set price
- setting price
- settlement price
- shadow price
- share price
- sinking price
- skyrocketing price
- sliding price
- sliding-scale price
- sluice gate price
- soaring price
- special price
- specific price
- split prices
- spot price
- stable price
- standard price
- standard list price
- standard unit price
- starting price
- state price
- stated price
- state-set price
- stationary price
- steady prices
- sticker price
- stiff price
- stipulated price
- stock price
- stock exchange price
- stopout price
- store prices
- street price
- strictly net price
- strike price
- striking price
- strong price
- subscription price
- suggested price
- supply price
- support price
- surging share prices
- tape prices
- target price
- target asset price
- tariff price
- tax-inclusive prices
- tender price
- threshold price
- top price
- total price
- trade price
- trading price
- transaction price
- transfer price
- trigger price
- two-tier price
- typical price
- uncontrollable prices
- underestimated price
- underselling price
- uniform price
- unit price
- unrealistic price
- unreasonable price
- unsettled price
- unstable price
- upset price
- variable prices
- wholesale price
- wide prices
- world bond price
- world market price
- zone price
- price after hours
- price at the current exchange rate
- price ex store
- price ex warehouse
- price for the account
- price for cash
- price for a quantity unit
- price for the settlement
- price in foreign currency
- price in gold
- prices in the open market
- price in a price list
- price in the quotation
- prices in the region of %
- price of call
- price of currency
- price of day
- price of delivery
- prices of farm products
- price of freight
- price of gold
- prices of industrial goods
- price of labour power
- price of land
- price of money
- price of option
- price of production
- price of services
- prices on the quotation
- prices on the world market
- price per metric ton
- price per piece
- price per set
- price per unit
- at the price
- at bargain prices
- at a firesale price
- at a high price
- at a low price
- at all prices
- in comparable prices
- price current
- price excluding
- price exclusive
- price less discount
- price plus markup
- price subject to change without notice
- price subject to final confirmation
- accept a price
- adjust prices
- advance a price
- advance in price
- alter a price
- amend a price
- arrive at a price
- ask the price
- ask for the price
- bargain over a price
- base a price
- beat down prices
- bolster the price of crude oil
- boost prices
- break down prices
- bring the price back down to earth
- bring prices in line with the cost
- bring the average price
- bring down prices
- bring low prices
- buoy prices
- calculate prices
- change a price
- charge a price
- command a high price
- control prices
- correct a price
- cut prices
- decrease prices
- deduct from a price
- depress prices
- deregulate prices
- determine a price
- differ in prices
- drop in price
- enjoy high prices
- establish a price
- estimate a price
- exceed a price
- fall in price
- fetch a high price
- finalize a price
- fix a price
- force down prices
- force up prices
- freeze prices
- fuel prices
- give a firm price
- go down in price
- go up in price
- guarantee a price
- hold in price
- hold out for a higher price
- hold up prices
- increase prices
- increase in price
- keep prices down
- keep prices up
- kick against high prices
- level prices down
- level prices up
- lift prices
- lift prices from their low
- list prices
- maintain prices
- make a price
- manipulate stock prices
- mark a price
- mark down the price
- match the price
- meet the price
- modify a price
- negotiate a price
- offer a price
- outbid the prices
- pay the price
- prop up prices
- push up prices
- publish prices
- put down prices
- put downward pressure on prices
- put up prices
- quote a price
- raise prices
- ramp up share prices
- realize a price
- recalculate prices
- recover the price
- reduce prices
- refund the price
- revise prices downwards
- revise prices upwards
- rise in price
- retrieve the price
- scale down prices
- save on prices
- sell at a high price
- sell below price
- sell under price
- send prices up
- set a price
- settle a price
- shore up prices
- show prices in dollars
- squeeze prices down
- stabilize prices
- suggest a price
- support prices
- take off the price
- tender a price
- trigger prices
- undercut prices2. vназначать цену; оценивать
- reasonably priced -
30 rate
1. n1) норма; размер2) ставка, тариф; такса; расценка3) курс (валюты, ценных бумаг); цена4) скорость, темп5) процент, доля; коэффициент6) разряд, сорт7) местный налог; коммунальный налог
- accident rate
- accident frequency rate
- accounting rate
- accumulated earnings tax rate
- accumulated profits tax rate
- actuarial rate
- administered rate
- ad valorem
- advertising rate
- advertisement rate
- agreed rate
- air freight rates
- all-commodity rate
- all-in rate
- amortization rate
- annual rate
- annual average growth rate
- annual interest rate
- annualized rate of growth
- annual percentage rate
- annual production rate
- anticipated rate of expenditures
- any-quantity rate
- applicable rate
- area rate
- average rate
- average rate of return
- average annual rate
- average growth rate
- average tax rate
- average weighted rate
- backwardation rate
- baggage rate
- bank rate
- bank discount rate
- bank's repurchase rate
- base rate
- base lending rate
- basic rate
- rate rate of charge
- basing rate
- basis rate
- benchmark rate
- benchmark overnight bank lending rate
- berth rate
- bill rate
- birth rate
- blanket rate
- blended rate
- bond rate
- bonus rates
- borrowing rate
- bridge rate
- broken cross rates
- broker loan rate
- bulk cargo rate
- burden rate
- buyer's rate
- buying rate
- cable rates
- call rate
- call loan rate
- call money rate
- capacity rate
- capital gain rate
- capitalization rate
- carload rate
- carrier rate
- carrying over rate
- cash rate
- ceiling rate
- central rate
- cheque rate
- check rate
- class rate
- clearing rate
- closing rate
- collection rate
- column rate
- combination rate
- combination freight rate
- combination through rate
- combined rate
- commercial bank lending rates
- commission rate
- commitment rate
- commodity rate
- common freight rate
- compensation rate
- compound growth rate
- composite rate
- concessionary interest rate
- conference rate
- consumption rate
- container rate
- contango rate
- conventional rate
- conventional rate of interest
- conversion rate
- cost rate
- coupon rate
- credit rates
- cross rate
- cross-over discount rate
- crude rate
- curb rate
- currency rate
- current rate
- current rate of exchange
- customs rate
- cutback rate
- daily rate
- daily wage rate
- day rate
- death rate
- deck cargo rate
- default rate
- demand rate
- demurrage rate
- departmental overhead rate
- deposit rate
- deposit interest rate
- depreciation rate
- discharging rates
- discount rate
- dispatch rate
- distress rate
- dividend rate
- double exchange rate
- downtime rate
- drawdown rate
- drawing rate
- dual rate
- duty rate
- earned rate
- earning rate
- economic expansion rate
- economic growth rate
- effective rate
- effective rate of return
- effective annual rate
- effective exchange rate
- effective tax rate
- employment rate
- enrollment rate
- equalizing discount rate
- equilibrium exchange rate
- equilibrium growth rate
- estimated rate
- euro-dollar exchange rate
- evaluated wage rate
- exchange rate
- exchange rate to the dollar
- existing rates
- exorbitant rate
- exorbitant interest rate
- expansion rate
- expenditure rate
- export rate
- express rate
- extraction rate
- face interest rate
- failure rate
- fair rate of exchange
- favourable rate
- final rate
- financial internal rate of return
- fine rate
- first rate
- fixed rate
- fixed rate of exchange
- fixed rate of royalty
- fixed interest rate
- flat rate
- flexible exchange rate
- floating rate
- floating exchange rate
- floating interest rate
- floating prime rate
- floor rate of exchange
- fluctuant rate
- fluctuating rate
- forced rate of exchange
- foreign rate
- foreign exchange rate
- forward rate
- forward exchange rate
- free rate
- free exchange rate
- freight rate
- future rate
- general rates
- general rate of profit
- general cargo rates
- going rate
- going market rate
- going wage rates
- goods rate
- graduated rate
- group rate
- growth rate
- guaranteed wage rate
- handling rate
- high rate
- high rate of exchange
- high rate of productivity
- higher rate
- hiring rate
- hotel rates
- hourly rate
- hourly wage rate
- hurdle rate
- illness frequency rate
- import rate
- incidence rate
- income tariff rates
- increment rate
- individual tax rate
- inflation rate
- info rate
- inland rate
- insurance rate
- insurance premium rate
- interbank rate
- interbank overnight rate
- interest rate
- interest rate on loan capital
- internal rate of return
- job rates
- jobless rate
- key rates
- labour rates
- leading rate
- legal rate of interest
- lending rate
- less-than-carload rate
- liner rates
- liner freight rates
- loading rates
- loan rate
- loan-recovery rate
- local rate
- Lombard rate
- London Interbank Offered Rate
- London money rate
- long rate
- low rate
- lower rate
- margin rate
- marginal rate
- marginal tax rate
- marine rate
- marine transport rate
- market rate
- market rate of interest
- maximum rate
- maximum individual tax rate
- mean rate of exchange
- mean annual rate
- measured day rate
- members rate
- merchant discount rate
- minimum rate
- mixed cargo rate
- minimum lending rate
- minimum tax rate
- mobilization rate
- moderate rate
- monetary exchange rate
- money rate of interest
- money market rate
- monthly rate
- monthly rate of remuneration
- mortgage rate
- mortgage interest rate
- multiple rate
- multiple exchange rate
- municipal rates
- national rate of interest
- natural rate of growth
- natural rate of interest
- negative interest rate
- net rate
- New York interbank offered rate
- nominal interest rate
- nonconference rate
- nonresponse rate
- obsolescence rate
- occupational mortality rate
- offered rate
- official rate
- official rate of discount
- official exchange rate
- one-time rate
- opening rate
- open-market rates
- operating rate
- operation rate
- option rate
- ordinary rate
- output rate
- outstripping growth rate
- overdraft rate
- overhead rate
- overnight rate
- overtime rate
- paper rate
- parallel rate
- parcel rate
- par exchange rate
- parity rate
- par price rate
- part-load rate
- passenger rate
- pay rates
- pegged rate
- pegged exchange rate
- penalty rate
- penalty interest rate
- percentage rate of tax
- per diem rates
- personal income tax rate
- piece rate
- piecework rate
- port rates
- postal rate
- posted rate
- power rate
- preferential rate
- preferential railroad rate
- preferential railway rate
- present rate
- prevailing rate
- prime rate
- priority rates
- private rate of discount
- private market rates
- production rate
- profit rate
- profitability rate
- profitable exchange rate
- progressive rate
- proportional rate
- provisional rate
- purchase rates
- purchasing rate of exchange
- quasi-market rate
- rail rates
- railroad rates
- railway rates
- real economic growth rate
- real effective exchange rate
- real exchange rate
- real interest rate
- reciprocal rate
- redemption rate
- rediscount rate
- reduced rate
- reduced tax rate
- reduced withholding tax rate
- reference rate
- refinancing rate
- reject frequency rate
- remuneration rate
- renewal rate
- rental rate
- repo rate
- response rate
- retention rate
- retirement rate of discount
- royalty rate
- ruling rate
- sampling rate
- saving rate
- scrap frequency rate
- seasonal rates
- second rate
- sellers' rate
- selling rate
- settlement rate
- shipping rate
- short rate
- short-term interest rate
- sight rate
- single consignment rate
- soft lending rate
- space rate
- special rate
- specified rate
- spot rate
- stable exchange rate
- standard rate
- standard fixed overhead rates
- standard variable overhead rates
- standard wage rate
- statutory tax rate
- steady exchange rate
- step-down interest rate
- stevedoring rates
- stock depletion rate
- straight-line rate
- subsidized rate
- survival rate
- swap rate
- tariff rate
- tax rate
- taxation rate
- tax withholding rate
- telegraphic transfer rate
- temporary rate
- third rate
- through rate
- through freight rate
- time rate
- time wage rate
- today's rate
- top rate
- total rate
- trading rate
- traffic rate
- tramp freight rate
- transit rate
- transportation rate
- treasury bill rate
- turnover rate
- two-tier rate of exchange
- unacceptable rate
- unemployment rate
- uniform rates
- uniform business rate
- unofficial rate
- unprecedented rate
- utilization rate
- variable rate
- variable interest rate
- variable repo rate
- volume rate
- wage rate
- wage rate per hour
- wastage rate
- wear rate
- wear-out rate
- wholesale rate
- worker's rate
- year-end exchange rate
- zero interest rate
- zone rate
- rate for advances against collateral
- rate for advances on securities
- rate for cable transfers
- rate for a cheque
- rates for credits
- rates for currency allocations
- rate for loans
- rate for loans on collateral
- rate for mail transfers
- rate for telegraphic transfers
- rate in the outside market
- rate of accumulation
- rates of allocation into the fund
- rate of allowance
- rate of assessment
- rate of balanced growth
- rates of cargo operations
- rate of change
- rate of charge
- rate of commission
- rate of compensation
- rate of competitiveness
- rate of conversion
- rate of corporate taxation
- rate of cover
- rate of currency
- rates of currency allocation
- rate of the day
- rate of demurrage
- rate of dependency
- rate of depletion
- rate of deposit turnover
- rate of depreciation
- rate of development
- rate of discharge
- rate of discharging
- rate of discount
- rate of dispatch
- rate of duty
- rate of exchange
- rate of expenditures
- rate of expenses
- rate of foreign exchange
- rate of freight
- rate of full value
- rate of growth
- rate of increase
- rate of increment
- rate of inflation
- rate of input
- rate of insurance
- rate of interest
- rate of interest on advance
- rate of interest on deposits
- rate of investment
- rate of issue
- rates of loading
- rates of loading and discharging
- rate of natural increase
- rates of natural loss
- rate of option
- rate of pay
- rate of premium
- rate of price inflation
- rates of a price-list
- rate of production
- rate of profit
- rate of profitability
- rate of reduction
- rate of remuneration
- rate of return
- rate of return on capital
- rate of return on the capital employed
- rate of return on net worth
- rate of royalty
- rate of securities
- rate of stevedoring operations
- rates of storage
- rate of subscription
- rate of surplus value
- rate of taxation
- rate of turnover
- rate of unloading
- rate of use
- rate of wages
- rate of work
- rates on credit
- rate on the day of payment
- rate on the exchange
- rate per hour
- rate per kilometre
- at the rate of
- at the exchange rate ruling at the transaction date
- at a growing rate
- at a high rate
- at a low rate
- at present rates
- below the rate
- accelerate the rate
- advance the rate of discount
- align tax rates
- apply tariff rates
- boost interest rates
- boost long-term interest rates
- boost short-term interest rates
- charge an interest rate
- cut rates
- cut interest rates by a quarter point
- determine a rate
- establish a rate
- fix a rate
- grant special rates
- increase rates
- maintain high interest rates
- levy rates
- liberalize interest rates
- liberalize lending rates
- lower the rate of return
- mark down the rate of discount
- mark up the rate of discount
- prescribe rates
- quote a rate
- raise a rate
- reduce a rate
- reduce turnover rates of staff
- revise rates
- set rates
- slash interest rates
- step up the rate of growth
- suspend a currency's fixed rate
- upvalue the current rate of banknotes
- slow down the rate2. v1) оценивать, определять стоимость, устанавливать цену
- rate local and offshore funds -
31 rate
-
32 association
əˌsəusɪˈeɪʃən сущ.
1) соединение, объединение
2) ассоциация, общество, союз association football ≈ футбол parent-teacher association ≈ родительский комитет (добровольная организация, создаваемая в каждой школе и выполняющая функции попечительского совета) savings and loan association ≈ ссудо-сберегательная ассоциация Syn: confederation, society
3) ассоциация, связь( с кем-л. или чем-л.) ;
сотрудничество
4) близость, общение He had become habituated to grossness and immorality in his daily associations. ≈ Он привык к грубости и распущенности в своем ежедневном общении. Syn: fellowship, intimacy
5) биол. ассоциация, сообщество
6) хим. ассоциация молекулобщество, ассоциация, объединение - Automobile A. автомобильная ассоциация (в Великобритании) соединение (действие) сотрудничество, совместная работа;
соавторство - in * with smb. совместно с кем-либо - I am working in * with another person я работаю в соавторстве с другим лицом - "by Smith, in * with Brown" "автор Смит, литературная обработка Брауна" ассоциация, связь (идей) - pleasant *s with the place приятные воспоминания, связанные с этим местом - * of similarity ассоциация по сходству - * psychology ассоциативная психология общение, близость;
- I benefited much from my * with him общение с ним дало мне очень много (биология) ассоциация, сообщество растений или животных (химическое) ассоциация молекулaffiliated ~ включенная в качестве филиала ассоциацияassociation биол. ассоциация, жизненное сообщество ~ ассоциация, связь (идей) ~ ассоциация ~ (амер.) банковская корпорация ~ общение, дружба, близость ~ общество, ассоциация, союз ~ общество ~ объединение ~ объединение лиц (без права юридического лица) ~ связь ~ соавторство ~ совместная работа ~ соединение ~ сотрудничество ~ судебное предписание о привлечении судебного клерка и подчиненных ему должностных лиц к отправлению должностных функций в суде присяжных Association: Association: Probation and After-Care ~ Ассоциация по защите освобожденых из заключения association: association: professional ~ профессиональное объединение~ attr.: ~ football футбол~ attr.: ~ football футбол~ of banks ассоциация банков~ of houseowners ассоциация домовладельцев~ of local authorities ассоциация местных органов самоуправления~ of shareholders ассоциация акционеров~ of undertakings ассоциация предприятийbankers' ~ ассоциация банкировbanking ~ ассоциация банковbar ~ ассоциация адвокатовbenevolent ~ благотворительная ассоциацияbranch ~ дочернее товариществоbuilding and loan ~ кредитно-строительное общество (США) building: ~ attr. строительный;
building engineer инженер-строитель;
building yard стройплощадка;
building and loan association амер. кредитно-строительное обществоbuilding ~ строительное обществоbusinessmen's ~ ассоциация бизнесменовCommon Market ~ ассоциация Европейского экономического сообществаcomposition ~ ассоциация кредиторовconsumers' ~ ассоциация потребителейcooperative housing ~ ассоциация кооперативного жилищного строительства cooperative housing ~ кооперативное жилищное товариществоcooperative purchasing ~ кооперативная закупочная ассоциацияdata ~ вчт. идентификация данныхdealers' ~ ассоциация торговых посредниковemployers' ~ ассоциация нанимателей employers' ~ ассоциация работодателейfamily ~ семейное товариществоguarantee ~ ассоциация поручителейhomeowners' ~ ассоциация домовладельцевhomestead ~ ассоциация фермеровhorizontal ~ ассоциация равноправных участниковhouseowners' ~ недв. ассоциация домовладельцевhousing ~ ассоциация домостроителей housing ~ жилищно-строительное товариществоhumanitarian ~ гуманитарная ассоциацияimplicit ~ неявная ассоциацияindustrial ~ производственная ассоциация industrial ~ промышленная ассоциацияinsurance ~ страховая ассоциацияloan ~ кредитное обществоmarketing ~ сбытовой кооперативmerchant ~ торговое товариществоmortgage credit ~ ассоциация ипотечного кредитаname ~ вчт. ассоциация имениnonprofit housing ~ бесприбыльная жилищно-строительная ассоциация nonprofit housing ~ некоммерческая жилищно-строительная ассоциацияowners' ~ ассоциация собственниковphased ~ постепенное ассоциированиеassociation: professional ~ профессиональное объединениеregistered ~ зарегистрированная ассоциацияretail trade ~ ассоциация розничной торговлиsales ~ торговая ассоциацияshareholders' ~ ассоциация акционеровtrade ~ торговая ассоциация trade ~ торгово-промышленная ассоциацияuser ~ вчт. ассоциация пользователейyouth ~ союз молодежиБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > association
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33 agent
сущ.1) эк., юр. агент, представитель, посредник; поверенный, доверенное лицо, уполномоченный (лицо, получившее право действовать от имени и по поручению другого лица (принципала, доверителя) за определенное вознаграждение)ATTRIBUTES: accredited 1) б), authorized 1) б), captive 1. 4) б), commercial 1. 1) б), diplomatic 1) б), economic 1) б), exclusive 1. 2) а), executive 2. 1) а), foreign 1) б), independent 1) б), local 1. 1) б), official 2. 1) а), paid 2. 2) а), part-time 1. 1) б), registered 1) б)
COMBS:
agent for the purchase of wheat — агент по покупке [закупкам\] пшеницы
See:accredited agent, acquisition agent, advance agent, advertising agent, Agent General, Agent-General, agent's agent, area agent, authorized agent, author's agent, bargaining agent, booking agent, break-bulk agent, business agent, buying agent, calculating agent, captive agent, cargo agent 1), cash field agent, change agent 2), chartered agent, claim agent, claims agent, clearance agent, clearing agent, closing agent, coagent, co-agent, collecting agent, collection agent, combined agent, commercial agent, commission agent, consular agent, county agent, custom house agent, customs agent, customs clearance agent, customs clearing agent, customs house agent, debit agent, del credere agent, diplomatic agent, disbursing agent, dual agent, economic agent, employment agent, enrolled agent, escrow agent, estate agent, excess and surplus lines agent, excess line agent, excess lines agent, exclusive agent, executive agent, export agent, export sales agent, FBI agent, fiscal agent, foreign agent, foreign sales agent, forwarding agent, free agent, freight agent, general agent, geophysical prospecting permit agent, government agent, governmental agent, grain-elevator agent, handling agent, health agent, health care agent, home service agent, import agent, indent agent, independent agent, influence agent, innocent agent, insurance agent, insurance claim agent, insurance claims agent, insurance sales agents, joint agent, leasing agent, letting agent, life agent, limited agent, listing agent, literary agent, livestock commission agent, Lloyd's agent, managing agent, manufacturer's agent, member's agent, mercantile agent, merchandise agent, non-exclusive agent, outside property agent, patent agent, paying agent, permit agent, personal agent, placement agent, private agent, property agent, public agent, publicity agent, purchase agent, purchasing agent, rational agent, real estate agent, 1), redemption agent, reinsurance agent, revenue agent, right-of-way agent, right-of-way claims agent, sales agent, selling agent, settlement agent, share transfer agent, ship agent, shipping agent, shipping and forwarding agent, ship's agent, single agent, sole agent, soliciting agent, special agent, stocking agent, subagent, sub-agent, supply agent, surplus line agent, surplus lines agent, surplus-property disposal agent, talent agent, tied agent, transfer agent, traveling agent, travelling agent, underwriting agent, viatical agent, viatical settlement agent, vicarious agent, agent bank, agent commission, agent provocateur, agent's authority, agent's commission, agent's contract, agent's lien, agent of influence, agent of management, agent of record, agent of socialization, agent's duties to principal, agents' errors and omissions insurance, members' agent pooling arrangement, multiprincipal-agent, principal-agent problem, principal-agent relationship, principal-agent theory, property and casualty agent, sale by agent, agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C. 1. 3), agents and appraisers, N.E.C. 1. 5), agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C. 1. 3) а), agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C., agents and appraisers, N.E.C. 1. 4) в)2) общ. действующая сила, фактор, средствоSee:3) общ., мн. агентура, агентствоSee:4) тех. вещество, агент; реактив, реагентATTRIBUTES:
bonding agent — связующий материал, связующее вещество, связующий агент
chemical agent — химическое вещество, реактив, реагент, химический агент
See:5) комп. агент, агент-программа (программа на компьютере-клиенте, предназначенная для автономного выполнения заранее запрограммированных функций; обычно речь идет о программах, предназначенных для сбора и индексирования информации в интернете)See:2)6) гос. упр. агент, сотрудник агентства ( чаще о работающих в секретных разведывательных службах)ATTRIBUTES:
See:
* * *
agent; Ag; Agt агент: 1) лицо, получившее право действовать от имени и по поручению принципала (клиента) за определенное вознаграждение; см. Register of Agents; 2) посредник; 3) страховой агент: независимый агент, который подбирает для клиента лучшую страховку путем анализа условий разных фирм (independent agent); также представитель страховой фирмы, который продает ее полисы (direct writer).* * *агент; представитель. Лицо, принимающее решения в тандеме агент-доверитель . A person or entity authorized to act on behalf of another party. While a person can act on his own, a corporation can only act through its agents. Словарь экономических терминов .* * *лицо, которое делает те или иные предложения от имени страховой компании в области бизнеса и получает комиссию за каждый подписанный полис-----Ценные бумаги/Биржевая деятельностьпосредник, вступающий в сделку как комиссионер, а не как принципал, не принимающий на себя никакого финансового риска по сделке (весь риск - возможность банкротства его клиента) и получающий комиссионные за оказанные им услуги-----лицо, уполномоченное другим лицом действовать от его имени, например, заключить контракт между партнером и третьей стороной; если агент сообщает третьей стороне имя своего патрона, он, как правило, не несет ответственности по контрактным обязательствам -
34 currency
сущ.1) фин. валюта (национальная денежная единица какой-л. страны)ATTRIBUTES:
appreciated currency — переоцененная валюта, валюта с завышенным курсом
The dollar was a strong currency. — Доллар был сильной валютой.
COMBS:
Mergers can dilute the equity of existing shareholders of the acquiring company if the deal currency is stock rather than cash.
They normally require payment in the currency of their own country.
See:account currency, accounting currency, agreement currency, Article 8 currency, artificial currency, base currency, blocked currency, common currency, community currency, composite currency, convertible currency, credit currency, domestic currency, dual currency, eurocurrency, exotic currency, fixed currency, floating currency, foreign currency, free currency, freely convertible currency, freely usable currency, functional currency, green currency, hard currency 1), home currency, inconvertible currency, intervention currency, investment currency, key currency, local currency, managed currency, national currency, non-convertible currency, overvalued currency, pegged currency, petrocurrency, price currency, quoted currency, reporting currency, reserve currency, single currency, soft currency, sound currency, undervalued currency, vehicle currency, weak currency, xenocurrency, currency appreciation, currency arbitrage, currency area, currency band, currency basket, currency bloc, currency block, currency board, currency clause, currency cocktail, currency composite, currency contract, currency conversion, currency convertibility, currency crisis, currency dealer, currency depreciation, currency fund, currency futures, currency futures contract, currency holdings, currency integration, currency intervention, currency market, currency option, currency policy, currency position, currency quotation, currency reserve, currency restrictions, currency risk, currency snake, currency speculation, currency substitution, currency swap, currency union, currency zone, backing of currency, convertibility of currency, currency interest rate swap, currency of contract, currency of credit, currency of price, gold and foreign currency reserves, indexed currency option note, inflation of currency, issue of currency, N-th currency problem, par value of currency, purchasing power of the currency, Currency Transaction Report, First National Bank of Eden, South Dakota v. Department of the Treasury, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, First National Bank of Eden, South Dakota v. Department of the Treasury, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, First National Bank of Eden, South Dakota v. Department of the Treasury, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, First National Bank of Eden, South Dakota v. Department of the Treasury, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, First National Bank of Eden, South Dakota v. Department of the Treasury, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency2) эк. средство обращения (деньги, но также любой актив, выступающий как средство обращения, напр., монеты, банкноты, чеки, векселя, долговые расписки и т. п.)currency shipment — перевозка денег; партия (перевозимых) денег
See:counterfeit currency, deposit currency, fiat currency, fiduciary currency, fractional currency, gold currency, hard currency 2), irredeemable currency, metallic currency, paper currency, strong currency, Treasury currency, wildcat currency, worn currency, currency issue, currency note, currency in circulation, money, asset 1), coin, bank note 1), cheque, bill of exchange, debt obligation, medium of exchange, functions of money, negotiable instrument3)а) эк. обращение (денег) (движение денег в процессе производства и обращения товаров, оказания услуг и совершения платежей)See:, double currency, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Comptroller of the Currency, bimetallism, monometallism, monetary system, money, coinб) общ. распространение, распространенность; широкая применимость, употребительностьSince the Gulf war, the term has gained new currency. — После войны в Персидском заливе данный термин вновь обрел частотность.
4) общ. срок действия (чего-л., напр., контракта, страхового полиса и т. д.)during the currency of the agreement [policy\] — в течение срока действия данного договора [полиса\]
* * *. любая форма денег, которые находятся в обращении; . Глоссарий финансовых и биржевых терминов .* * *Финансы/Кредит/Валюта1. денежная единица страны, используемая в данном государстве2. денежные знаки иностранных государств, кредитные и платежные документы в виде векселей, чеков, банкнот, используемые в международных расчетах-----1. денежная единица для измерения величины стоимости товара2. денежная единица данной страны3. международная денежная единица и платежное средство -
35 national
1. прил.1) общ. национальный, общенациональный, народный (относящийся к данной стране, народу в целом; в отличие от местного, регионального, международного)national law — национальное [внутригосударственное\] право
Syn:See:international, transnational, supranational, domestic, national accordance, national account, national accounts, national affairs, national administration 2), national advertising, national agreement, national assent, National Automated Accounting Research System, national bank 2), national bolshevism, national brand, national campaign, national central bank, National Change of Address, national character, national communism, national communist, National Competition Policy, national competitive bidding, national consent, national consumption, National Counterintelligence Executive, national currency, National Development Bond, National Disability Development Initiative, national distribution, national distributor, national economic accounting, national economics, National Exchange Market System, national firm, National Flood Insurance Program, national government, national harmony, national idea, national identity, national income, National Institutional Delivery System, National Insurance, national interest, national launch, national legitimacy, national market, national marketer, national marketing, national minimum wage, national nominating convention, national non-domestic rate, national numbering agency, national origins system, national origins quota system, national ownership 2), national patent, national patent law, national policy, national policy, national politics, national product, national promotion, National Public Accountant, national question, national reconciliation, national retailer, national sales force, national sales manager, national savings, National Secretary's Day, national security, national self-consciousness, national self-determination, national service, National Socialism, national sovereignty, national tax policy, national taxes, national trademark, national treatment, National Vocation Qualification, national wealth, national wholesaler, National Westminster Bank Ltd. v. Holesowen Presswork and Assemblies Ltd., National Association of Securities Dealers Rules of Fair Practice, National Bank Act, National Banking Act, National Exchange Market System Act, National Flood Insurance Act, National Health Service Reorganization Act 1973, National Housing Act, National Income and Product Accounts, National Labor Relations Act, National Minimum Wage Act 1998, National Trade Estimate Report, National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers, National Advertising Benevolent Society, National Advertising Division, National Advertising Division of the Council of Better Business Bureaus, National Advertising Review Board, National Advertising Review Council, National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Policies, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Agricultural Statistics Service, National Alliance for Insurance Education & Research, National Alliance for Insurance Education and Research, National Alliance Research Academy, National and Local Government Officers' Association, National Assembly, National Association for Variable Annuities, National Association of Accountants, National Association of Colleges and Employers, National Association of Corporation Schools, National Association of Corporation Training, National Association of Cost Accountants, National Association of Employment Managers, National Association of Export Companies, National Association of Federal Credit Unions, National Association of Health Underwriters, National Association of Independent Insurance Adjusters, National Association of Independent Insurers, National Association of Insurance and Financial Advisors, National Association of Insurance Brokers, National Association of Insurance Commissioners, National Association of Insurance Women, National Association of Investment Clubs, National Association of Investment Companies, National Association of Investors Corporation, National Association of Life Underwriters, National Association of Mutual Insurance Companies, National Association of Pension Funds, National Association of Personal Financial Advisors, National Association of Professional Insurance Agents, National Association of Professional Surplus Lines Offices, National Association of Public Insurance Adjusters, National Association of Purchasing Managers, National Association of Recording Merchandisers, National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners, National Association of Schoolmasters and Union of Women Teachers, National Association of Securities Dealers, National Association of Securities Dealers and Investment Managers, National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers2) общ. государственный (финансируемый и/или контролируемый государством; в отличие от частного)national library — государственная [национальная\] библиотека
See:national administration 1), national bank 1), national curriculum, national debt, national ownership 1), national property, national treasury, National Archives and Records Administration, National Cemetery Administration2. сущ.общ. подданный, гражданин (какого-л. государства)fellow nationals, one's own nationals — сограждане, соотечественники
See:specially designated national, Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States, resident 2. 2)
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1) национальный, относящийся к данному государству, народу; 2) внутренний, в отличие от международного. -
36 source
1. сущ.1) общ. источник; начало, первопричина, первоисточник2) марк. ресурс, источник (канал продажи, привлекший заказ или потребителя)See:3) т. граф. вход (произвольная вершина графа, служащая точкой начала отсчета при решении прикладной задачи)Syn:2. гл.эк. находить ресурсы [поставщика\], приобретать (находить источник какого-л. ресурса внутри организации или на рынке)There is a purchasing department to source materials. — Для того, чтобы находить поставщиков материалов, существует отдел закупок.
consumers are able to source products from many outlets — потребители могут приобретать продукт во многих магазинах
So where to source: local or global? — Где же искать поставщиков: локально или глобально?
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изыскивать, служить источником (напр., изыскивать на рынке акции для потенциальных покупателей (to source shares)). -
37 Association
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38 loan
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39 agency
n1) агентство, представительство; орган, организация, учреждение
- ad hoc agency
- advertising agency
- child placement agency
- commercial agency
- consumer protection agency
- credit agency
- credit-rating agency
- credit reference agency
- customs agency
- debt collection agency
- designated agency
- employment agency
- estate agency
- exclusive agency
- executing agency
- export credit agency
- facilitating agency
- forwarding agency
- full service agency
- government agency
- initiating agency
- insurance agency
- joint agency
- law enforcement agency
- lending agency
- limited-service agency
- local self-governing agency
- marketing services agency
- market research agency
- mercantile agency
- mutual agency
- news agency
- paying agency
- press agency
- private agency
- procurement agency
- public relations agency
- publicity agency
- purchasing agency
- rating agency
- recruiting agency
- sales promotion agency
- shipping agency
- ship's agency
- sole agency
- special agency
- state agency
- status enquiry agency
- technical agency
- tourist agency
- trade agency
- transport agency
- travel agency
- agency of a broker
- establish an agency
- run an agency
- take up an agency
- undertake the exclusive agency
- use the services of an agencyEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > agency
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40 firm
n
- accountancy firm
- accounting firm
- accredited brokerage firm
- affiliated firm
- agency firm
- auditing firm
- auditor firm
- banking firm
- bankrupt firm
- blue chip firm
- broker's firm
- brokerage firm
- business firm
- civil engineering firm
- commercial firm
- competing firm
- competitive firm
- competitor firm
- consultancy firm
- consultation firm
- consulting firm
- consulting engineering firm
- contracting firm
- correspondent firm
- dealer firm
- distressed firm
- engineering firm
- entrant firm
- executive search firm
- exempted firm
- export firm
- financial firm
- financially troubled firm
- foreign firm
- forwarding firm
- incorporated firm
- individual firm
- industrial firm
- investment firm
- investment advisory firm
- investment banking firm
- joint firm
- joint commercial firm
- large firm
- law firm
- leading firm
- local firm
- long firm
- loss-making firm
- mail order firm
- major firm
- marketing firm
- member firm
- moderate-sized firm
- nonmember firm
- offshore firm
- outside firm
- over-leveraged firm
- participating firm
- patent law firm
- principal firm
- private firm
- prosperous firm
- public accounting firm
- purchasing firm
- renowned firm
- reputable firm
- retail firm
- rival firm
- search firm
- small firm
- solvent firm
- specialized firm
- start-up firm
- state firm
- state-owned firm
- stockbroker firm
- subsidiary firm
- target firm
- trade firm
- trading firm
- turnaround firm
- universal firm
- wholesale firm
- close down a firm
- cooperate with a firm
- direct a firm
- dissolve a firm
- establish a firm
- found a firm
- handle a firm
- keep a firm afloat
- liquidate a firm
- manage a firm
- operate a firm
- register a firm
- represent a firm
- run a firm
- set up a firm
- turn around a firm
- wind up a firm
- wipe out a firm
См. также в других словарях:
Local purchasing — is a preference to buy locally produced goods and services over those produced more distantly. It is very often abbreviated as a positive goal buy local to parallel the phrase think globally, act locally common in green politics. On the national… … Wikipedia
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purchasing power — purchasing .power n [U] 1.) the amount of money that a person or group has available to spend ▪ increases in purchasing power 2.) the amount that a unit of money can buy ▪ The purchasing power of the local currency has halved … Dictionary of contemporary English
Local Exchange Trading Systems — (LETS) also known as LETSystems are local, non profit exchange networks in which goods and services can be traded without the need for printed currency. In some places, e.g. Toronto, the scheme has been called the Local Employment and Trading… … Wikipedia
local buying — The authority to buy and pay for day to day operational needs locally (for example, at the post office level without approval from a purchasing and materials service center) … Glossary of postal terms
Purchasing power parity — GDP per capita adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in the world, 2009 … Wikipedia
Local church — For other uses, see Local church (disambiguation). A local church is a Christian religious organization that meets in a particular location. Many are formally organized, with constitutions and by laws, maintain offices, are served by pastors or… … Wikipedia
Local Exchange Trading Systems — A locally organized economic organization that allows members to participate in the exchange of goods and services among others in the group. Local Exchange Trading Systems (LETS) use a locally created currency as denominations of units of value… … Investment dictionary
Business Alliance for Local Living Economies — The Business Alliance for Local Living Economies (BALLE) is a growing North American alliance of nearly 60 fully autonomous local business networks with their own names, missions, and initiatives, representing about 20,000 US and Canadian… … Wikipedia
State and Local Affairs — ▪ 1997 Introduction States continued to be at the centre of national debates on public policy during 1996. The U.S. Congress, reacting in part to successful experimentation by a number of states, enacted a historic welfare reform measure… … Universalium