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21 νόος
νόος, νόου, ὁ, [dialect] Att. [var] contr. [full] νοῦς, gen. νοῦ: Hom. uses the [var] contr. form once, in nom., Od.10.240, cf. Hes.Fr. 205 (Hdt. never): Trag. use [var] contr. form, exc. in A.Ch. 742 (iamb.), S.Ph. 1209 (lyr.): [dialect] Aeol. gen.Aνῶ Alc.Supp.9.1
; acc. νῶν Sapph.ib.25.2; νόον Ead.70 (s.v.l.): heterocl. forms are found in NT and later writers, gen.νοός Ep.Rom.7.23
, LXX 4 Ma.1.35; dat.νοΐ 1 Ep.Cor.1.10
, [Aristid.] Or.35(9).26; nom. pl.νόες Ph.1.86
, Plot.6.7.17, Dam.Pr.96; acc. pl.νόας Plu. Fr.7.27
, Iamb.Myst.1.15, Ammon.in Int.243.3 (v.l.), Dam.Pr. 103: [dialect] Att. pl. νοῖ, acc. νοῦς, gen. νόων ib. 122, dat. νοῖς ibid., is rare in early writers, as Ar.Fr. 471, but freq. in later philosophy:1 mind, as employed in perceiving and thinking, sense, wit,οὐ λῆθε Διὸς πυκινὸν ν. Il.15.461
;ν. πολυκερδέα Od.13.255
;ν. ὁρῇ καὶ ν. ἀκούει, τἄλλα κωφὰ καὶ τυφλά Epich.249
, cf. S.OT 371; prudently,Od.
6.320; senselessly,Il.
20.133; wisely,Hdt.
8.86, 138; ξὺν νῷ with play on ξυνῷ, Heraclit.114 ( νόῳ codd. Stob.);ξὺν νῷ ἑλομένῳ Pl. R. 619b
;οὐδενὶ ξὺν νῷ Id.Cri. 48c
;μηδενὶ ξὺν νῷ Ar.Nu. 580
;τοῦ νοῦ χωρίς S.OT 550
;τοῦ ν. κενός Id.OC 931
; νόῳ λαβεῖν τι to apprehend it, Hdt.3.51; νόῳ σχεῖν, ἔχειν, recall, remember, Id.5.92.ή, Pl.R. 490a;κοινὸς ν. Phld.Rh.1.37
S., Arr.Epict.3.6.8; ἀγαθὸς ν., σπουδαῖος ν., Phld.Rh.2.61, 1.252 S.2 νοῦν ἔχειν in two senses,a to have sense, be sensible, S.Tr. 553, El. 1013, 1465, Ar.Ra. 535, etc.;ὁ νοῦς ὅδ' αὐτὸς ν. ἔχων οὐ τυγχάνει E.IA 1139
; so ν. ὀλίγον κεκτημένος Ar.Ec. 747;σμικρὸν νοῦ κεκτῆσθαι Pl.Lg. 887e
; impers.,τὸ γὰρ περισσὰ πράσσειν οὐκ ἔχει ν. οὐδένα S.Ant.68
, cf. Pl.Ti. 68b; cf. νουνεχόντως.b νοῦν or τὸν ν. ἔχειν to have one's mind directed to something,ἄλλοσ' ὄμμα, θητέρᾳ δὲ ν. ἔχειν S.Tr. 272
, cf. Sapph.Supp.25.2;τὸν ν. πρὸς αὑτὸν οὐκ ἔχων, ἐκεῖσε δέ E.Ph. 1418
;δεῦρο ν. ἔχε Id.Or. 1181
; ; ποῦ τὸν ν. ἔχεις; Ar.Ec. 156; τὸν ν. ἔχειν πρός τινα or τι (like προσέχειν τὸν ν.) Th.7.19, Pl.Grg. 504d; , etc.;περί τινος Id.R. 534b
;ἐν πέρδιξιν AP7.206
(Damoch.): conversely, ἐπὶ νοῦν ἐλθεῖν τινι to occur to one, D.H.3.15, Arr.An.7.24.3.3 mind, more widely, as employed in feeling, deciding, etc., heart,χαῖρε νόῳ Od.8.78
;κεῦθε νόῳ Il.1.363
;[χόλος] οἰδάνει νόον 9.554
;ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἀτάρβητος ν. ἐστί 3.63
; ν. ἔμπεδος, ἀκήλητος, ἀπηνής, 11.813, Od.10.329, 18.381; ν. εὐμενής, ἄγναμπτος, etc., Pi.P.8.18, A.Pr. 164 (lyr.), etc.;πολλῶν ἀνθρώπων νόον ἔγνω Od.1.3
; ἐκ παντὸς νόου with all his heart and soul, Hdt.8.97; τῷ νῷ.. κἀπὸ τῆς γλώσσης in heart as well as tongue, S.OC 936: freq. in phrase κατὰ νόον according to one's mind, Hdt.1.117, 7.104; (anap.);πράξειας κατὰ ν. τὸν ἐμόν Id.Fr. 469
(anap.);κατὰ ν. πράξας Ar.Eq. 549
; , cf. Pl.Euthphr.3e.4 mind, resolve, purpose, ἀγαθῷ νόῳ, i.e. kindly, Hdt.1.60; τί σοι ἐν νόῳ ἐστὶ ποιέειν; what do you intend to do? ib. 109;ἡμῖν ἐν ν. ἐγένετο εἰπεῖν Id.9.46
; ἐν ν. ἔχειν c. [tense] fut. inf., to intend.., Id.1.10 (v.l.): c. [tense] pres. inf., ib. 27, Pl.R. 344d; ποιέειν τι ἐπὶ νόον τινί to put into his mind to do.., Hdt.1.27; ἐπὶ νόον τρέπειν τινί .. Id.3.21;ταύτῃ <ὁ> ν. ἔφερε Id.9.120
.5 reason, intellect,νόου φρενί Xenoph.25
, cf. Parm.16.2, etc.;θεῖος ν. Democr.112
, cf. Id. ap. Arist. de An. 404a28; opp. δόξα, Pl.Ti. 51d, cf. Arist. de An. 428a5.b Mind as the active principle of the Universe, Anaxag. 12, etc.;Θαλῆς νοῦν τοῦ κόσμου τὸν θεόν Placit.1.7.11
;ἡ τοῦ κόσμου γένεσις ἐξ ἀνάγκης καὶ νοῦ συστάσεως Pl. Ti. 48a
, cf. Sph. 249a, Phlb. 30c, Arist.Metaph. 1072b20, de An. 430a17, Zeno Stoic.1.28, Plot.5.1.4.II act of mind, thought, ; ; .III sense, meaning of a word, etc.,οὗτος ὁ νόος τοῦ ῥήματος Hdt.7.162
, cf. Ar.Ra. 1439, Plb.5.83.4, Phld.Rh. 1.106 S., etc.; ὁ νόος τῆς θυσίης cj. for νόμος in Hdt.1.216; meaning of a work of art, Philostr.VA4.28;πολὺς ν. ἐν ὀλίγῃ λέξει συνέσταλται Plu.2.510e
; πρὸς τὸν αὐτὸν νοῦν to the same effect, Str.15.3.7; πρὸς νοῦν οὐδὲν λέγοντες to the point, Phld.Mus.p.96K.; senseless,Id.
Po.5.29.IV Pythag. name for μονάς, Theol.Ar.6. (Etym. dub.; the pr.n.Πολυνόϝα IG9(1).870
hardly proves νόϝος.) -
22 παράδειγμα
A pattern, model: of an architect's model (or perh. plan) of a building, Hdt.5.62, IG22.1668.95, 11(2).161 A43,75,203 B95, al. (Delos, iii B. C.); a sculptor's or painter's model, Pl.Ti. 28c, R. 500e, IG12.374.248, 22.1675.23 (pl.); of the divine exemplars after which earthly things are made,ἐν οὐρανῷ ἴσως π. ἀνάκειται Pl.R. 592b
; of the Platonic ideas, opp. εἰκών, Arist.Metaph. 991a21, 1013a27 (later, copy,Πλάτων τὸν ὁρατὸν κόσμον γεγονέναι π. τοῦ νοητοῦ κόσμου Placit.2.6.4
(v.l. πρὸς π.)).2 precedent, example,παραδείγματα λαβεῖν παρά τινος Pl.Men. 77b
;ἐμὲ π. ποιούμενος Id.Ap. 23b
;παραδείγμασι χρῆσθαι Th.3.10
; π. χρῆσθαί τινι copy one's example, And.4.22;τοῖς γεγενημένοις π. χρῆσθαι Lys.25.23
;π. ἐξοίσετε Din. 1.107
;π. καταλείπεσθαι Lycurg.9
;δοῦναι παραδείγματα Pl.Lg. 876e
; ἐπὶ παραδείγματος by way of example, Aeschin.1.177;παραδείγματος εἵνεκα Lys.22.20
;παραδείγματα ἁμαρτημάτων And.3.32
.b sample, παραδείγματα νεκρῶν ξύλινα samples of mummies made of wood, Hdt. 2.86, cf. PSI5.485 (iii B. C.), PCair.Zen.445.9, 665.2 (iii B. C.).3 lesson, warning, ;τὸ σὸν π. ἔχων S.OT 1193
(lyr.);τοῖς ἄλλοις ἔσται π. ὕβρεως Ar. Th. 670
(anap.);π. καθιστάναι Th.3.40
;ζῶντά τινα τοῖς λοιποῖς π. ποιῆσαι D.19.101
, cf. 343, 21.98;π. τοὺς Σύρους λαβέ Men. 544.1
;π. τοῦ μὴ ἀδικεῖν Lys.27.5
.4 argument, proof from example, Th.1.2, etc., cf. Arist.APr. 68b38, Rh. 1356b3, 1402b14, 1418a3, Zeno Stoic.1.23; including παραβολή and λόγος, Arist.Rh. 1393a 27.5 in Law, leading case, precedent, Wilcken Chr.27.5 (ii A. D.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παράδειγμα
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23 πρόσωπον
Aπροσώπατα Od.18.192
, AP5.230 (Maced.), Opp.C.1.419, etc.; dat.προσώπασι Il.7.212
: a masc. nom. πρόσωπος is cited from Pl.Com.250:— face, countenance (cf. μέτωπον), Hom., always in pl., even of a single person, Il.7.212, 18.414, Od.19.361, al. (exc. Il.18.24), and so in Hes. Op. 594 (v.l. -πον), S.Fr.871.6(v.infr.), El. 1277(lyr.), OC 314, X.An. 2.6.11(dub.), AP9.322 (Leon.): sg. in h.Hom.10.2,31.12, and usu. in later writers;π. κλιθὲν προσώπῳ Simon.37.12
;εἰς π. βλέπειν E. Hipp. 280
; ἐς π. τινὸς ἀφικέσθαι come before him, ib. 720;π. πρός τινα στρέφειν Id.Ph. 457
;οὐκ ὄψεσθε τὸ π. μου LXXGe.43.3
, cf. UPZ 70.5 (ii B.C.); κατὰ πρόσωπον in front, facing, Th.1.106, X.Cyr.1.6.43, etc.; τὴν κατὰ π. τῆς ἀντίας φάλαγγος τάξιν ib.6.3.35; κατὰ π. Αἰγύπτου facing, fronting Egypt, LXX Ge.25.18; opp. κατὰ νώτου, Plb. 1.28.9; κατὰ π. ἄγειν, opp. κατὰ κέρας ὑπεραίρειν, Id.11.14.6, etc.; κατὰ π. in person,ἡ κατὰ π. ἔντευξις Plu.Caes.17
; κατὰ π. παραμυθήσασθαι, opp. διὰ τοῦ ψαφίσματος, IG42(1).86.22 (Epid.); soκατὰ πρόσωπα Eudox. Ars11.21
; also πρὸς τὸ π. X.Cyn.10.9; ἐπὶ προσώπου Ἰεριχώ in front of Jericho, LXX De.34.1;ἔρρ' ἐκ προσώπου Herod. 8.59
;ἀπὸ π. τῆς γῆς LXXAm.9.8
; βλέπειν εἰς π. τινός regard his countenance, Ev.Matt.22.16: usu. of the face of man or God, asλειτουργῶν τῷ π. Κυρίου LXX 1 Ki.2.11
; οἱ ἄρτοι τοῦ π., of shewbread, ib.21.6: of the ibis, Hdt.2.76; of dogs,ἀπὸ τῶν π. φαιδραί X.Cyn.4.2
; of horses, Arist.HA 631a5; of deer, ib. 579a2; of fish, Anaxandr. 30,33.16; face of the moon, S.Fr.871.6 (pl.), Plu.2.920b: metaph.,ἀργυρωθεῖσαι πρόσωπα.. ἀοιδαί Pi.I.2.8
.2 front, façade, Id.P.6.14, cf. E. Ion 189 (lyr., pl.); κατὰ π. τοῦ ἱεροῦ, τῆς νεώς, PPetr.3p.2 (iii B.C.), Ach.Tat.3.1,2;τιθέναι τὰς φιάλας ἐπὶ πρόσωπον Asclep.Myrl.
ap.Ath.11.501d.II one's look, countenance, A.Ag. 639, 794 (anap., pl.), Eu. 990 (anap., pl.), etc.; οὐ τὸ σὸν δείσας π. S.OT 448: metaph.,φαίνοισα π. Ἀλάθεια Pi.N.5.17
.2 Astrol., decan considered as the domain of a planet, ἐν ἰδίοις π. Vett.Val.62.21, Paul. Al.C.2.III = προσωπεῖον, mask, D.19.287 (- εῖον is v.l.), Arist. Po. 1449a36, b4, Pr. 958a17, Dsc.3.144 (v.l.), Poll.2.47;π. ὑπάργυρον κατάχρυσον IG12.276.6
, cf. 42(1).102.58,68 (Epid., iv B.C.), Clara Rhodos 6/7.428; ὀθόνινον π. prob. in Pl.Com.142;π. περίθετον Aristomen.5
; of the Roman imagines, Plb.6.53.5; bust or portrait, Sammelb.5221, OGI432.1 (Naksh-i-Rustam, iii A.D.).2 dramatic part, character, Phld.Rh.1.199S., Arr.Epict.1.29.45 and 57; κωφὸν π. Cic.Att.13.19.3; character in a book, τὸ τῆς Ἑλλάδος ὄνομα καὶ π. Plb.8.11.5; τὸ τοῦ Ὀδυσσέως π. Id.12.27.10, cf. Phld.Po.5.32; also ἀστοχεῖν τοῦ π., of an author, Callisth.44J.;ἐπὶ προσχήματι καὶ π. δικαστῶν Ael.Fr. 168
.IV person, Phld.Rh.1.52S. (pl.);ἀδίκως μὴ κρῖνε πρόσωπον Ps.-Phoc.10
; προσώπῳ, οὐ καρδίᾳ in person, in bodily presence, 1 Ep.Thess.2.17, cf. 2 Ep.Cor.5.12; ποιεῖν or πληροῦν τὸ π. τινός to represent a person, PRein.56.30 (iv A.D.), Sammelb. 6000ii 12 (vi A.D.); λαμβάνειν π. τινός admit a person to one's presence,εἰ προσδέξεταί σε, εἰ λήψεται πρόσωπόν σου LXXMa.1.8
; hence, = προσωποληπτεῖν, Ev.Luc.20.21, Ep.Gal.2.6; μὴ ἀποστρέψῃς τὸ π. μου, i.e. do not reject my prayer, LXX 3 Ki.2.20; θαυμάσαι π. ἀσεβοῦς ib.Pr.18.5; ὁ θεὸς ὁ μέγας.., ὅστις οὐ θαυμάζει π. οὐδὲ οὐ μὴ λάβῃ δῶρον ib.De.10.17.3 Gramm., person, D.T.638.4,A.D.Pron.3.12, etc.; γυναικεῖα π. Alex.Trall.2.4 π. πόλεως a feature of the city, of a person, Cic.Fam.15.17.2.5 f.l.in Zeno Stoic.1.23 (cf.Nicol.Prog.p.4 F.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πρόσωπον
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24 συμβαίνω
A- βήσομαι Hdt.2.3
, etc.: [tense] pf. - βέβηκα, [ per.] 3pl. , [dialect] Ion. inf.- βεβάναι Hdt.3.146
: [tense] pf. inf. [voice] Pass.- βεβάσθαι Th. 8.98
: [tense] aor. 2 συνέβην (v. infr.): [tense] aor. 1 subj. [voice] Pass.ξυμβᾰθῇ Id.4.30
:— stand with the feet together, Hp.Off.3;διαβαίνοντες μᾶλλον ἢ συμβεβηκότες X.Eq.1.14
;συμβεβηκὼς τὼ πόδε Poll.3.91
; συμβᾶσα τὼ πόδε, opp. περιβάδην, Ach.Tat.1.1; Παλλάδιον τοῖς ποσὶ συμβεβηκός a statue with closed feet, as in early Greek art, Apollod.3.12.3.2 σ. κακοῖς to be joined to them, i.e. increase them, E.Hel.37.3 meet,σὺν δ' ἔβη ἐν Φιλότητι Emp.21.8
;τὸν συμβαίνοντά σοι Eup.136
(dub.);σ. αὐτοὶ αὑτοῖς X.HG1.2.17
; ξυμβέβηκε δ' οὐδαμοῦ has never come in my way, has had naught to do with me, E.Hel. 1007.II most freq. metaph., come to an agreement, come to terms, E.Ph.71, etc.; ἐπ' ἐλάττονι ς. agree on (i.e. to accept) less, POxy. 237 viii 11 (ii A.D.): c. dat., Th.3.52, 4.128, etc.; πρὸς ἀλλήλους ib.61, etc.: with neut. Adj.,ἐὰν ξυμβῶ τί σοι Ar.Ra. 175
;ἤν τι ξυμβαίνωσι Th.2.5
; ξ. τὰ πλείω, οὐδέν, Id.4.117, 5.36;τἆλλα τοῖς Λακεδαιμονίοις Id.8.98
: c. inf.,συνέβησαν ἐς τὠυτὸ.., τὸν δὲ βασιλεύειν Hdt.1.13
;ξ. ὑπήκοοι εἶναι Th.1.117
; ξ. ἤν τις ἁλίσκηται,.. δοῦλον εἶναι ib. 103;ξ. τοῖς Πλαταιεῦσι παραδοῦναι σφᾶς αὐτούς Id.2.4
;ξ. πρὸς Νικίαν.. ἐπιτρέψαι Id.4.54
; alsoσυνέβησαν.. ὥστε τριηκοσίους μαχέσασθαι Hdt.1.82
; σ. εἰς τὸ μέσον agree to a compromise, Pl.Prt. 337e; λόγοις ς., of a verbal agreement, E.Med. 737, Andr. 233: generally, make friends with, ἐκ πολέμου ξ. Ar.V. 867;ἀπὸ τοῦ ἴσου Th.4.19
;ἐπὶ τοῖς εἰρημένοις E.Ph. 590
(troch.): in [tense] pf. συμβεβάναι and [voice] Pass., of the agreement, δοκέοντες πάντα συμβεβάναι that everything had been settled, or that they had settled everything, Hdt.3.146;ἐπὶ τούτοις ξυμβεβάσθαι Th.8.98
; .2 agree with, be on good terms with,οὐ.. Ἀθηναίοισι συνέβαιν' Αἰσχύλος Ar.Ra. 807
; σ. ἑκατέρᾳ τῶν στάσεων hold with one and other of them, D.H.2.62.3 of things, tally, correspond with,ὁ χρόνος ἐδόκεε τῇ ἡλικίῃ συμβαίνειν Hdt.1.116
;ἐθέλων εἰδέναι εἰ [οἱ ἐκείνων λόγοι] συμβήσονται τοῖσι λόγοισι τοῖσι ἐν Μέμφι Id.2.3
;ξυμβαίνει ταῦτα τοῖς πρὸ τοῦ Lys.8.9
;εἰς ταὐτὸ σ. τοῖς ἐμοῖς στίβοις A.Ch. 210
: abs., ὅπως ἂν ἀρτίκολλα συμβαίνῃ τάδε ib. 580; χρησμοί τε συμβαίνουσι are in harmony therewith, Ar.Eq. 220, cf. S. Tr. 1164; αὐτὸ σ. εἰς ταύτην εἶναι πέμπτην five days later exactly tallies, D.19.60; τοῦτο σ. οὐ πλέον ἢ εἰς δώδεκα comes to no more than 12, X.HG6.4.12;αἱ πεντακόσιαι μάλιστά πως συνέβαινον δραχμαί Aristid.Or.50(26).94
; τὸ φαρμακεύεσθαι τῷ καθαίρεσθαι εἰς ταὐτὸν ς. comes to the same thing as.., Gal.15.901; of ashlar-work, fit or range exactly, M.Ant.5.8.4 fall to one's lot, c. dat. pers.,μοι σ. ἆται E.IT 148
(lyr.), etc.;ἡδοναί τινι Isoc.15.222
;τριηραρχία μοι D. 47.49
;ἀτυχία Id.57.65
;εὐεργεσιῶν συμβαίνειν καιρόν Id.20.121
.III of events, come to pass, fall out, happen,συμβαίνει δ' οὐ τὰ μέν, τὰ δ' οὔ A.Pers. 802
; τῶνδε ναμέρτεια ς. S.Tr. 173;ἐὰν μὴ θεία τις σ. τύχη Pl.R. 592a
;αἱ ἀεὶ συμβαίνουσαι τύχαι Id.Criti. 120e
; εἰ καιρὸς ς. X.Eq.Mag.2.5;χρηστόν τι σ. παρὰ θεῶν D.1.11
;τοὐναντίον συμβαίνειν πέφυκε Gal.15.460
: c. dat., ib.67, 16.724: also euphem., ἄν τι ξυμβῇ if anything happen (i.e. any evil), D.21.112, cf. Riv.Fil.60.59 (ii B.C.): generally, occur, be found, exist,ἐν τῇ ἀρχαίᾳ ἡμετέρᾳ φωνῇ σ. τὸ ὄνομα Pl.Cra. 398b
, cf. A.D.Pron.29.15: but,b mostly impers., sts. c. dat. et inf.,αὐτῷ Ὀλυμπιάδα ἀνελέσθαι συνέβη Hdt.6.103
, cf. 3.50, Th.1.1;συμβαίνει τῷ πλοίῳ ἀργεῖν PCair.Zen.650.2
(iii B.C.), cf. PMich.Zen.21.3, al. (iii B.C.): sts. c. acc. et inf.,συνέβη Γέλωνα νικᾶν Hdt.7.166
, cf. Th.8.25;συμβαίνει διὰ παντὸς ἡμᾶς περιφόβους εἶναι PCair.Zen.160.6
, cf. 132.5 (iii B.C.), PEnteux.6.2, al. (iii B.C.), Gal.15.476;σ. τῷ οἰκοδόμῳ μουσικῷ εἶναι Arist.Metaph. 1017a11
; folld. by ὥστε, S.Tr. 1152, Th.4.79, Arist.Pol. 1261a34: c. part., σ. ὄν, γιγνόμενον, λεγόμενον, Pl. Sph. 244d, Phlb. 42d, Cra. 412a.c τὸ συμβεβηκός chance event, contingency, Id.Prm. 128c;τὰ συμβαίνοντα X.Cyr.1.6.43
;τὰ συμβάντα Id.An.3.1.13
;ἀπὸ τοῦ συμβαίνοντος ὁ τόπος εἴληφε τὴν προσηγορίαν Plb.10.28.7
: hence κατὰ συμβεβηκός by accident, contingently (v. infr. iv. 1); τοῦ συμβαίνοντός ἐστι it depends upon accident, easily happens, Is.4.13.2 joined with Adverbs or Adiectives, turn out in a certain way,ὀρθῶς σφι ἡ φήμη συνέβαινε ἐλθοῦσα Hdt. 9.101
; κακῶς, καλῶς συμβῆναι, X.Mem.1.2.63, Cyr.5.4.14, E.IT 1055;τὰ μητρὸς.. ἔχθιστα συμβέβηκεν S.El. 262
; ταῦτα.. λαμπρὰ ς. Id.Tr. 1174;ξυμβεβᾶσιν οἱ λόγοι.. ἀληθεῖς E.Hel. 622
;ἄπιστ' ἀληθῆ πολλὰ σ. βροτοῖς Id.Fr. 396
;σ. μέγιστον κακὸν ἡ ἀδικία Pl.Grg. 479c
, cf. Alc. 1.130c, Cra.398e;δοκεῖ τὸ μαντεῖον τοὐναντίον ξυμβῆναι ἢ.. Th.2.17
;τοιούτου τούτου συμβάντος Id.1.74
; συμβαίνει καὶ σοὶ (sc. ἄριστον) Pl. Lg. 903d: abs., turn out well,ἢν ξυμβῇ ἡ πεῖρα Th.3.3
;εἴ μοι σ. τοῦτο Pl.Lg. 744a
.3 of consequences, come out, result, follow, ; ; τὰ συμβάντα, opp. ἡ προαίρεσις, D.18.192;δηλοῦται ἐκ τοῦ συμβάντος Gal.16.583
;ἐὰν μὴ ὅτι τάχος ἀποσταλῇ τὰ ὑποζύγια, συμβήσεται τὰ μελίσσεια ἀπολέσθαι PCair.Zen. 467.8
, cf. 481.2, al. (iii B.C.).b of logical conclusions, result, follow, freq. in Pl. and Arist., Pl.Grg. 459b, etc.;σ. ἐκ τῶν κειμένων Arist.Top. 156b38
, al., cf. D.25.73: impers., it follows, c. inf., Pl.Tht. 170c, Phd. 74a, Arist.EN 1152b25, al.; alsoσ. μήτε κουφότητ' ἔχειν μήτε βάρος, ἔπειθ' ὅτι ἀδύνατον κινηθῆναι Arist.Cael. 270a5
: also pers., συμβαίνει εἶναι or γίγνεσθαι turns out to be, i.e. consequently or inevitably is or happens, κάθαρσις εἶναι τοῦτο ς. Pl.Phd. 67c, cf. 80b, Cra. 396a, Phlb. 55a, 64e, Prm. 134b, R. 438e;ὅσα συμβαίνει γίγνεσθαι κακὰ καὶ ὅσα συμβήσεται Id.Plt. 301e
: hence συμβεβηκός (v. infr. iv. 2).IV in Philos., τὸ συμβεβηκός has two senses:1 a contingent attribute or ' accident' (in the modern sense), Arist. APo. 73b4, Top. 102b4, al.; κατὰ συμβεβηκός ' accidentally', opp. καθ' αὑτό, Id.Ph. 192b22, cf. Metaph. 1052a18, Thphr.Sens.22; opp. ἁπλῶς, Arist.APo. 71b10, al.; opp. φύσει, Id.de An. 406a14; opp. κυρίως, πρώτως, Gal.15.629, cf. 16.575, al.; opp. ἄντικρυς, Id.18(2).180.2 an attribute necessarily resulting from the notion of a thing, but not entering into the definition thereof,οἷον τῷ τριγώνῳ τὸ δύο ὀρθὰς ἔχειν Arist.Metaph. 1025a31
; distd. by the addition of καθ' αὑτό, Id.APo. 83b19, al.; in Epicurus, essential attribute, property, opp. σύμπτωμα 'accident', τὰ τούτων συμπτώματα ἢ ς. Ep.1p.6U., cf. Nat.4 G., al.;σ. ἀνθρώπου τὸ θνητὸν εἶναι Phld.Sign.3
, al.; in the Stoics, consequence, opp. αἴτιον, Zeno Stoic.1.25.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συμβαίνω
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25 σύνοδος
A = συνοδοιπόρος, AP7.635 (Antiphil.), Arr.Epict. 2.14.8, 3.21.5, Certamen 245, Man.5.58.------------------------------------σύνοδος (B), ἡ,A assembly, meeting, esp. for deliberation, Orac. ap. Hdt.9.43, And.1.47, Th.1.96, 119, IG42(1).68.93 (Epid., iv B.C.), etc.;ξ. Ἀχαιῶν E.Hec. 107
(anap.);σ. κώμης BGU1648.6
(ii A.D.);σ. συλλεγῆναι Hdt.9.27
; (prose decree);ἀπὸ κοινῶν ξ. βουλεύειν Th.1.97
; ἐκ τῶν ξ. Id.5.17; σ. πρὸς τῷ διαιτητῇ meeting of parties in court, D.54.29: pl., of political clubs or conspiracies, Sol.4.22, Ar.Eq. 477, Th.3.82, Pl.Tht. 173d; ἑταιρείας μὴ ποιεῖσθε μηδὲ ς. Isoc.3.54; also of private meetings or gatherings for discussion, διαλεκτικαὶ ς. Arist.Top. 159a32; of synods of the church, Cod.Just.1.1.7.12.2 national gathering, Th.3.104, Pl.Smp. 197d; αἱ ἀρχαῖαι θυσίαι καὶ ς. Arist.EN 1160a26: hence, society for festal purposes,τῶν ἐρανιστῶν IG22.1369.32
;τῶν μυστῶν SIG851.25
(Smyrna, ii A.D.);τῶν Ἀσκλαπιαστᾶν IG42(1).679
(Epid.).3 company, guild, (Delph., ii B.C.); [ συγγεωργῶν] Sammelb.7457.5,9 (ii B.C.); athletic club, OGI486.17 (Pergam., ii A.D.), 713.9 (Alexandria, iii A.D.); ἡ ἱερὰ ξυστικὴ περιπολιστικὴ.. ς. PLond.3.1178.38 (ii A.D.), cf. POxy.908.9 (ii A.D.), IG22.1350.5 = συνουσία, sexual intercourse, Arist.HA 541a31, Clearch.49, Ph.1.148, Plu.Lyc. 15, Gal.15.47.II of things, coming together, constriction, κυάνεαι σύνοδοι θαλάσσας, of the straits of the Bosporus, E.IT 393 (lyr.); ἡ σ. τοῦ πλησίον ἀλλήλων τεθῆναι the coming together resulting from juxtaposition, Pl.Phd. 97a; ἡ τῆς πιλήσεως ς. Id.Ti. 58b; ἡ τοῦ ὕδατος ς., viz. ice, ib. 61a; ὅσον διαχυτικὸν.. τῶν περὶ τὸ στόμα ς. whatever relaxes.. constriction in the organ of taste, ib. 60b;ἀναγκαῖον τῶν τοιούτων γίνεσθαι σύνοδον, ἀλλ' οὐ διὰ ψύξιν Arist. GA 764b7
; ἡ εἰς αὑτὸν ς. contraction of a muscle, Gal.UP12.8, cf. Id.4.391; ἡ σ. ἡ κατὰ [τὴν οὐσίαν] λεγομένη the union of matter and form, viz. the concrete object, Arist.Metaph. 1033b17; concourse, assemblage,παθῶν Longin.10.3
; of the parts of the foetus, Sor.2.64; combination of numbers, Theol.Ar.8;σημείων Gal.16.505
.2 Astron., conjunction,τῶν πλανήτων καὶ πρὸς αὑτοὺς καὶ πρὸς τοὺς ἀπλανεῖς Arist. Mete. 343b30
; of the sun and moon, Plu.2.269c, IG14.2126 ([place name] Rome);ἡλίου καὶ σελήνης Gal.18(2).240
;σ. ἐκλειπτικὴ σελήνης πρὸς ἥλιον Plu. Rom.12
; αἱ ς., of the times of new moon, Zeno Stoic.1.34;αἱ τῶν μηνῶν σ. ψυχραὶ διὰ τὴν τῆς σελήνης ἀπόλειψιν Arist.GA 738a20
, cf. Thphr.Sign.5, LXX De.33.14.3 Gramm., construction, A.D.Synt. 28.11, al.III incoming of revenue,χρημάτων σύνοδοι Hdt.1.64
; revenues, ἀπὸ τῶν ς. IG11(4).1217 ([place name] Delos); τῶν φερόντων τὴν σ. τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ ξενίου ib.22.1012.15 (ii B.C.); οἱ τὴν σ. φέροντες τῷ θεῷ ib.22.1326.6. (Written sunhod-, i.e. συνὁδ-, in a Latin inscr., CIL12.2519.2,3,4 (i B.C.(?)); also synhod-, ib.6, IG14.2495 ([place name] Nemausus), CIL12.3183 (ibid.), 6.10117 ([place name] Rome).)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σύνοδος
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26 ἄνω
ἄνω (A), imper.Aἀνέτω S.Ichn.70
, inf. , part. ἄνων, [tense] impf. ἦνον, etc. (v. infr.): [tense] aor.ἤνεσα IG7.3226
(Orchom. [dialect] Boeot.), Hymn.Is.35, prob. in AP7.701.1 (Diod.) ( ἤνεσ' codd.):— = ἀνύω, ἀνύτω, accomplish, finish,ἦνον ὁδόν Od.3.496
; (Dobree, cf. AB406);ἀλλ' οὐδὲν ἦνεν E.Andr. 1132
;ἦ τὸ δέον.. ἤνομεν; S.Ichn.98
; ταῦτα πρὸς ἀνδρός ἐστ' ἄνοντος εἰς σωτηρίαν (cf.ἀνύω 1.6
) Ar.V. 369;ἀρυσσάμενοι ποτὸν ἤνομεν AP 11.64
(Agath.).II [voice] Pass., come to an end, be finished, mostly of a period of time, μάλα γὰρ νὺξ ἄνεται night is quickly drawing to a close, Il.10.251; ἔτος ἀνόμενον the waning year, Hdt.7.20;ἦμαρ ἀνόμενον A.R.2.494
;ἀνομένου τοῦ μηνός SIG577.30
(Milet., iii/ii B.C.); alsoὅππως.. ἔργον ἄνοιτο Il.18.473
;ἤνετο τὸ ἔργον Hdt.1.189
, 8.71;ἀνομένων βημάτων A.Ch. 799
;ὁπόταν θήρης.. ἔργον ἄνηται Opp.H.5.442
: impers., λιταῖς ἄνεται, = λιταὶ ἀνύονται, Pi.O.8.8. [[pron. full] ᾱ Hom., exc. Il.18.473: afterwds. common, cf. A. l.c., Opp.H. l.c. Orig. ἄνϝω, cf. ἀνύω.]------------------------------------I with Verbs implying Motion, upwards,ἄ. ὤθεσκε ποτὶ λόφον Od.11.596
; ἄ. ἀπὸ θαλάσσης ἀναπλεῖν up stream, Hdt.2.155;ἄ. ποταμῶν χωροῦσι παγαί E.Med. 410
(lyr.), hence "ἄ. ποταμῶν", proverbial, D.19.287, etc.;κόνις δ' ἄ. φορεῖτο S. El. 714
;κονιορτὸς ἄ. ἐχώρει Th.4.34
; ἡ ἄ. ὁδός the upward road, Pl. R. 621c; ἄ. ἰόντι going up the country (i.e. inland, v. infr. 11.1f), Hdt.2.8; ἄ. κάτω, v. infr. 11.2; πέμπειν ἄ., i.e. from the nether world, A.Pers. 645 (lyr.), cf. Ch. 147;σύριγγες ἄ. φυσῶσιμέλαν μένος S. Aj. 1412
(lyr.).b on earth, opp. the world below,νέρθε κἀπὶ γῆς ἄ. S.OT 416
;ἡνίκ' ἦσθ' ἄ. Id.El. 1167
;ἄ. βλέπειν Id.Ph. 1348
;ἄ. ἐπὶ [τῆς] γῆς Pl.Phd. 109c
; οἱ ἄ. the living, opp. οἱ κάτω the dead, S.Ant. 1068, cf. Ph. 1348, etc.; τὰ ἄ. πράγματα the world above, Luc.Cont.1.c in heaven, opp. earth, οἱ ἄ. θεοί the gods above, S.Ant. 1072;κῆρυξ τῶν ἄ. τε καὶ κάτω A.Ch. 124
: esp. in NT,ἐκ τῶν ἄ. εἰμί Ev.Jo.8.23
;ἡ ἄ. Ἱερουσαλήμ Ep.Gal.4.26
;ἡ ἄ. κλῆσις Ep.Phil.3.14
.d generally, of relative position, ὁ δῆμος ἄ. καθῆτο in the upper quarter of the city, i.e. the Pnyx, D.18.169; ἡ ἄ. βουλή, i.e. the Areopagus, Plu.Sol.19; βαλλόμενοι ὑπὸ τῶν ἄ. by those above on the roofs, Th.4.48;τὰ ἄ. X.An.4.3.25
; τὰ ἄ. τῆς οἰκίας, opp. θεμέλια, Id.Eq.1.2;οἱ ἄ. τόποι OGI111.17
.e geographically, on the upper side, i.e. on the north,ἄ. πρὸς βορέην Hdt.1.72
; οὔτε τὰ ἄ. χωρία οὔτε τὰ κάτω [οὔτε τὰ πρὸς τὴν ἠῶ οὔτε τὰ πρὸς τὴν ἑσπέρην] Id.1.142;ὁ ἄ. τόπος Pl.R. 435e
.f inward from the coast,ἡ ἄ. Ἀσίη Hdt.1.95
; τὰ ἄ. τῆς Ἀσίης ib. 177; ἡ ἄ. ὁδός the upper or inland road, Id.7.128, X.An.3.1.8; ἡ ἄ. πόλις, opp. the Piraeus, Th.2.48; in full, οἱ ἀπὸ θαλάσσης ἄ. ib.83;ἡ ἄ. Μακεδονία Plu.Pyrrh.11
; ὁ ἄ. βασιλεύς the king of the upper country, i.e. of Persia, X.An.7.1.28.h in the body, τὰ ἄ. the upper parts, opp. τὸ κάτω, Arist.GA 741b28, al.;ἡ ἄ. κοιλία Id.Mete. 360b23
.i of Time, formerly, of old, εἰς τὸ ἄ. reckoning upwards or backwards, of generations, Pl.Tht. 175b; οἱ ἄ. men of olden time, Id.Criti. 110b;οἱ ἄ. τοῦ γένους Id.Lg. 878a
; αἱ ἄ. μητρός the mother's lineal ancestors, Id.R. 461c, cf. infr. c;ἐν τοῖς ἄ. χρόνοις D.18.310
.k above, in referring to a passage, Pl.Grg. 508e;ἐν τοῖς ἄ. λόγοις R. 603d
, cf. Arist.Rh. 1412b33, etc.1 of tones in the voice,οἱ ἄ. τόνοι Plu.Cic.3
.m metaph., ἄ. βαίνειν walk proudly, Philostr.VA1.13;ἄ. φρονεῖν Hld.7.23
.n higher, more general, of κατηγορίαι, Arist.AP0.82a23.2 ἄ. καὶ κάτω up and down, to and fro,εἷρπ' ἄ. τε καὶ κάτω E.HF 953
;ἄ. καὶ κ. φεύγειν Ar.Ach.21
;ἄ. τε καὶ κ. κυκᾶν Id.Eq. 866
;περιπατεῖν ἄ. κ. Id.Lys. 709
.b upside-down, topsy-turvy,τὰ μὲν ἄ. κ. θήσω, τὰ δὲ κ. ἄ. Hdt.3.3
;πάντ' ἄ. τε καὶ κ. στρέφων τίθησιν A.Eu. 650
;τρέπουσα τύρβ' ἄ. κ. Id.Fr. 311
, cf. Ar.Av.3;ἄ. κ. συγχεῖν E.Ba. 349
;ἄ. καὶ κ. ποιεῖν τὰ πράγματα D.9.36
;τοὺς νόμους στρέφειν 21.19
;πόλλ' ἄ., τὰ δ' αὖ κ. κυλίνδοντ' ἐλπίδες Pi.O.12.6
;πολλάκις ἐμαυτὸν ἄ. κ. μετέβαλλον
backwards and forwards,Pl.
Phd. 96a, cf. Prt. 356d.3 ἄ. ἔχειν τὸ πνεῦμα pant or gasp, Men.23, cf. Sosicr.1.B as Prep. with gen., above,ἡ ἄ. Ἅλυος Ἀσίη Hdt.1.130
, cf. 103, Call.Jov.24; αἱ ἄ. μητρός (v. supr. 11.1 i); ἄ. τοῦ γόνατος above the knee, Thphr.Char.4.4;ἀπὸ ἄ. τῆς χθονὸς ταύτης LXX 3 Ki.14.15
.2 with partitive gen., αἰθέρος ἄ. ἑλεῖν dub. in S.Ph. 1092, cf. E.Or. 1542;γῆς ἥκοντ' ἄ. Id.HF 616
;μικρὸν προαγαγὼν ἄ. τῶν πραγμάτων Aeschin.2.34
.C [comp] Comp. ἀνωτέρω, abs., higher,ἀ. θακῶν.. Ζεύς A.Pr. 314
; ἀ. οὐδὲν τῶν πρηγμάτων προκοπτομένων not getting on any farther, Hdt. 1.190;ἀδελφῷ ἢ πατρὶ ἢ ἔτι ἀ. Pl.Lg. 880b
;οὐ προήϊσαν ἀ. τὸ πρὸς ἑσπέρης Hdt.8.130
.2 c. gen., ἀ. Σάμου ib. 132;ἀ. γίγνεσθαί τινων X.An.4.2.25
; ἀ. τῶν μαστῶν above them, ib.1.4.17; laterἀνώτερον Plb.1.7.2
, etc.; cf. ἀνώτερος. -
27 ὀφρῦς
ὀφρῦς, ύος, ἡ, acc. ὀφρῦν, in late Poets ὀφρύα, AP12.186 (Strat.), Opp.C.4.405, Q.S.4.361: acc. pl. ὀφρύας (in the fourth foot) Od.9.389; but ὀφρῦς (before caesura) Il.16.740, and so in [dialect] Att. (v. infr.). [[pron. full] ῡ in nom. and acc., which are accented ὀφρῦς, -ῦν by Hdn.Gr.2.937: the accentuation ὀφρύς, ὀφρύν may be admitted in late writers: compds. have ῠ, εὔοφρυς, λεύκοφρυς, etc.] (Cf. Skt.A bhrūs, gen. bhruvas, Slav. br[ucaron]v[icaron], OE. brú 'brow'.):—brow, eyebrow,τὸν.. ὑπ' ὀφρύος οὖτα Il.14.493
; ἡ ὀ. ἡ δεξιά, ἡ ἀριστερά, Arist.PA 671b32, cf. Pr. 878b28: elsewh. in pl.,ὑπ' ὀφρύσι δάκρυα λεῖβον Il.13.88
, al.;ὑπ' ὀ. πῦρ ἀμάρυσσεν Hes. Th. 827
, etc.: freq. of signs, ἐπ' ὀφρύσι νεῦσε Κρονίων, i.e. ἐπένευσε ὀφρύσι, nodded assent, Il.1.528, etc.; ἡ δ' ἄρ' ἐπ' ὀ. νεῦσε nodded to him to do a thing, Od.16.164; ἀνὰ δ' ὀφρύσι νεῦον ἑκάστῳ made a sign not to do, 9.468;ὀφρύσι νευστάζων 12.194
: in various phrases expressing emotions, τὰς ὀ. ἀνασπᾶν, in token of grief,τὰς ὀφρῦς ἀνεσπακώς, ὥσπερ τι δεινὸν ἀγγελῶν Ar.Ach. 1069
;ἀνασπάσας τις τὰς ὀφρῦς οἴμοι λαλεῖ Men.556.3
; of pride (cf. ὀφρυόομαι), D.19.314;οἱ τὰς ὀφρῦς αἴροντες Men.39
;ὀφρῦν ἐπαίρειν E.Fr. 1040
, cf. Amphis 13;τὰς ὀ. ἔχειν ἐπάνω τῆς κορυφῆς Alex.16.6
;ὑπὲρ αὐτοὺς κροτάφους ὑπεραίρειν Luc.Am.54
;ὀφρῦς ἔχειν Ar.Ra. 925
;ὀφρῦν ἐφέλκεσθαι AP7.440.6
(Leon., interpol.?); ἐρύσσαι ib.5.215 (Agath.);ἀνελκταῖς ὀφρύσι σεμνός Cratin.355
: contrariwise, τὰς ὀφρῦς συνάγειν knit the brows, frown, Ar.Nu. 582, Pl. 756, etc.;τὰς ὀ. συνέλκειν Antiph.307
;συσπᾶν Luc.Vit.Auct.7
;κατεσπακώς Alciphr.3.3
: on the other hand, καταβαλεῖν, λῦσαι, μεθεῖναι τὰς ὀ. or τὴν ὀ., let down or unknit the brow, become calm or cheerful again, E.Cyc. 167, Hipp. 290, IA 648;ὀ. μὴ καθειμένη Zeno Stoic.1.58
;σχάζεσθαι τὰς ὀ. Pl.Com.32
;καθέσθαι Plu. 2.1062f
: the brow was also the seat of smiles and joy,ἀγανᾷ χλοαρὸν γελάσσαις ὀφρύϊ Pi.P.9.38
, cf. h.Cer. 358; or gravity,στυγνὸν ὀφρύων νέφος E.Hipp.[172]
;ὁρᾶτε ὡς σπουδαῖαι μὲν αὐτοῦ αἱ ὀφρύες X.Smp.8.3
; on their physiognomical character, v. Arist.HA 491b14, Phgn. 812b26.2 ὀφρῦς alone, scorn, pride, AP7.409 (Antip.), 9.43 (Parmen.), 10.122 (Lucill.), etc.II from like ness of shape, brow of a hill, crag, Il.20.151, Pi.O.13.106; embankment,ὀ. ἀπότομος Plb. 36.8.3
; overhanging bank of a river, Id.2.33.7, etc.;ἐπ' ὀφρύων ποταμοῦ PAmh.2.68.9
(i A. D.); of the sea, A.R.1.178, etc.; of a ditch, Str.5.3.7 (cf. ὀφρύη); of the rim of joint-cavities, Gal.UP 1.15, al.; of the woodwork enclosing the bore of a torsion-engine, Ph.Bel.57.7: in Archit., architrave, Procop.Gaz.p.157 B.III a plant, Plin.HN26.164. -
28 ὑπέρ
ὑπέρ [ῠ], [dialect] Ep. also [full] ὑπείρ, used by Hom. (metri gr.) only in the phrase ὑπεὶρ ἅλα (v. ὑπείρ); Arc. [full] ὁπέρ (q. v.): in [dialect] Aeol. replaced by περί (v.Aπερί A.
V): Prep. governing gen. and acc., in Arc. also dat. (Cf. Skt. upaári 'above', Goth. ufar, OE. ofer 'over':—from it are formed the [comp] Comp. and [comp] Sup. ὑπέρτερος, -τατος, also Adv. ὕπερθεν, and Nouns ὑπέρα, ὕπερος.)A WITH GENIT.,I of Place, over;1 in a state of rest, over, above, freq. in Hom.,βάλε.. στέρνον ὑ. μαζοῖο Il.4.528
; χιτωνίσκους ἐνεδεδύκεσαν ὑ. γονάτων not reaching to the knees, X.An.5.4.13;ἕστηκε.. ὅσον τ' ὄργυι' ὑ. αἴης Il.23.327
;εἴθ' ὑ. γῆς, εἴτ' ἐπὶ γῆς, εἴθ' ὑπὸ γῆς Thphr.Ign.1
; στῆ δ' ἄρ' ὑ. κεφαλῆς stood over his head as he lay asleep, Il.2.20, Od.4.803, al.;πασάων ὕ. ἥ γε κάρη ἔχει 6.107
;ὑ. πόλιος, ὅθι Ἕρμαιος λόφος ἐστίν, ἦα 16.471
; ὑ. κεφαλῆς οἱ ἐγίνετο διεξελαύνοντι over head, i. e. over the gateway, Hdt.1.187;ὑ. τῆς ὀροφῆς IG12.373.246
; ὑ. τοῦ ἀγάλματος ib.264;ὄρος τὸ ὑ. Τεγέης Hdt.6.105
; τὰ ὑ. κεφαλῆς the higher ground, X.Ages.2.20; Ἰονίας ὑ. ἁλὸς οἰκέων on the Ionian sea, i.e. on its shores, Pi.N.7.65;λιμὴν καὶ πόλις ὑ. αὐτοῦ κεῖται Th.1.46
, cf. 6.4, D.C.40.14: of relative geographical position, above, farther inland,οἰκέοντες ὑ. Ἁλικαρνησσοῦ μεσόγαιαν Hdt.1.175
;ἐξ Αἰθιοπίας τῆς ὑ. Αἰγύπτου Th.2.48
;τοῖς ὑ. Χερρονήσου Θρᾳξίν X.An.2.6.2
;ὑ. Μασσαλίας Plb.2.14.8
, cf. 5.73.3, al.: in Hellenistic Gr. the acc. is commoner in this sense, v. infr. B. I.b of ships at sea, off a place, Th.1.112, 8.95;ναυμαχίην τὴν ὑ. Μιλήτου γενομένην Hdt.6.25
; ὑ. τούτου (sc. Φαλήρου) ἀνακωχεύσαντες τὰς νέας ib. 116.2 in a state of motion, over, across,κῦμα νηὸς ὑ. τοίχων καταβήσεται Il.15.382
;τὸν δ' ὑ. οὐδοῦ βάντα προσηύδα Od.17.575
;πηδῶντος.. τάφρων ὕ. S.Aj. 1279
;ὑ. θαλάσσης καὶ χθονὸς ποτωμένοις A.Ag. 576
; ἐκκυβιστᾶν ὑ. [ τῶν ξιφῶν] X.Smp.2.11.3 over, beyond,ἐν Κρήτῃ εὐρείῃ τηλοῦ ὑ. πόντου Od.13.257
.II metaph., in defence of, on behalf of,τεῖχος ἐτειχίσσαντο νεῶν ὕ. Il.7.449
;ἑκατόμβην ῥέξαι ὑ. Δαναῶν 1.444
: generally, for the prosperity or safety of,τὰ ἱερὰ ὑ. τῆς Εὐβοίας θῦσαι IG12.39.65
, cf. 45.5;ἱερὰ θυόμενα ὑ. τῆς πόλεως X.Mem.2.2.13
;ἐπιτελεῖν τὰς θυσίας ὑ. τε ὑμῶν καὶ τῶν τέκνων UPZ14.27
(ii B.C.); in dedications (always with reference to living persons),Σμικύθη μ' ἀνέθηκεν.. εὐξαμένη.. ὑ. παίδων καὶ ἑαυτῆς IG12.524
, cf. 22.4403, 42(1).569 (Epid.);Ἀρτέμιδι Σωτείρᾳ ὑ. βασιλέως Πτολεμαίου Ἐπικράτης Ἀθηναῖος OGI18
(Egypt, iii B. C.), cf. 365 (Amasia, ii B. C.), al.; ὑ. τῆς εἰς αἰῶνα διαμονῆς Ἀντωνείνου Καίσαρος ib.702.3 (Egypt, ii A.D.); ὑ. τῆς τύχης.. Ἀντωνείνου Σεβαστοῦ Εὐσεβοῦς ib.703.2 (Ptolemais, ii A.D.); ὑ. σωτηρίας τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν.. Ἀντωνείνου ib.706 (Egypt, ii/iii A. D.);εὑδόντων ὕ. φρούρημα A.Eu. 705
; ὑ. τινὸς κινδυνεύειν, μάχεσθαι, βοηθεῖν, Th.2.20, Pl.Lg. 642c, X.An.3.5.6;ἧς ἔθνῃσχ' ὕ. S.Tr. 708
;ὑ. γῆς τῆς Ἀθηναίων ναυμαχέειν Hdt.8.70
;ὑ. τῆς Ἑλλάδος ἀμῦναι Pl.Lg. 692d
; ἀμυνῶ ὑ. ἱερῶν καὶ ὁσίων Jusj. ap. Poll.8.105;νῦν ὑ. πάντων ἀγών A.Pers. 405
;ὑ. δόξης τελευτήσαντες D.23.210
, cf. Isoc.6.93; πάνθ' ὑ. ὑμῶν φανήσεται πράξας Χαβρίας, καὶ τὴν τελευτὴν αὐτὴν τοῦ βίου πεποιημένος οὐχ ὑ. ἄλλου τινός in your interests, D.20.80, cf. 83;ὑ. τῆς Ἀσίας στρατηγήσας Isoc.4.154
; of things sought,ὑ. τοῦ νεκροῦ ὠθισμὸς ἐγένετο πολύς Hdt.7.225
; ἀφίκετο ὑ. γενεᾶς, ὑ. φωνᾶς, ὑ. τοῦ θησαυροῦ, IG42 (1).121.10,42, 123.11 (Epid., iv B.C.);γίνωσκέ με πεπορεῦσθαι εἰς Ἡρακλέους πόλιν ὑ. τῆς οἰκίας UPZ68.3
(ii B. C.); sts. even of the thing to be averted, ἱκέσιον λόχον δουλοσύνας ὕ. about slavery, A.Th. 111 (lyr.), cf. Aeschin.3.10.2 for, instead of, in the name of, ὑ. ἑαυτοῦ τι προϊδεῖν on his own behalf, Th.1.141;ὑ. τινὸς ἀποκρίνεσθαι Pl.R. 590a
;προλέγειν X.An.7.7.3
;ἐπεὶ οὖν σὺ σιωπᾷς, ἐγὼ λέξω καὶ ὑ. σοῦ καὶ ὑ. ἡμῶν Id.Cyr.3.3.14
, cf. S.El. 554; ὑ. Ζήνωνος πράσσων as Zeno's representative, PSI4.389.8 (iii B. C.);ἔγραψεν ὑ. αὐτῶν διὰ τὸ φάσκειν αὐτοὺς μὴ εἰδέναι γράμματα PGrenf.2.17.9
(ii B. C.); θεάσασθε ὃν τρόπον ὑμεῖς ἐστρατηγηκότες πάντ' ἔσεσθ' ὑ. Φιλίππου as though by commission from P., D.3.6; so in other dialects c. acc., v. infr. B. v.3 in adjurations, with verbs of entreaty, entreat one as representative of another, τῶν ὕ. ἐνθάδ' ἐγὼ γουνάζομαι οὐ παρεόντων, i. e. I entreat you as they would if they were here, Il.15.665, cf. 660; then more metaph., by, λίσσομ' ὑ. ψυχῆς ( as you value your life)καὶ γούνων σῶν τε τοκήων 22.338
, cf. 24.466;λίσσομ' ὑ. θυέων καὶ δαίμονος.. σῆς τ' αὐτοῦ κεφαλῆς καὶ ἑταίρων Od.15.261
;λίσσου' ὑ. μακάρων σέο τ' αὐτῆς ἠδὲ τοκήων A.R.3.701
; ὑ. ξενίου λίσσεται ὔμμε Διός in the name of Zeus, AP7.499.2 (Theaet.); so [dialect] Aeol. περ (v.περί A.
V).4 of the cause or motive, for, because of, by reason of,ἀλγέων ὕ. E.Supp. 1125
(lyr.);ὑ. παθέων Id.Hipp. 159
(lyr.);ἔριδος ὕ. Id.Andr. 490
(lyr.); of punishment or reward, for, on account of,τοῖσιν ἄγουσιν κλαύμαθ' ὑπάρξει βραδυτῆτος ὕ. S.Ant. 932
(anap.), cf. Isoc.11.39, Lys.3.43, 4.20, 13.41,42, X.An.1.3.4; ἀτῆθθαι ὑ. τῶ πατρὸς τὰ πατρώϊα the father's property shall pay the fine for the father, Leg.Gort.11.42;ἀποτεισάτω ὁ δεσπότης ὑ. τοῦ δούλου PHal. 1.198
(iii B. C.); τοῦτον (viz. a runaway slave)ὃς ἂν ἀναγάγῃ, λήψεται ὅσα καὶ ὑ. τοῦ προγεγραμμένου UPZ121.24
(ii B. C.);τὸ κατεσκευασμένον ὑ. τῆς ἡμετέρας σωτηρίας Ἰσιδεῖον
as a thank-offering for..,Sammelb.
3926.12 (i B. C.);ὑ. ὧν ἐτιμήσαμεν αὐτοὺς ταῖς μεγίσταις τιμαῖς Isoc.9.57
;ἀποδοῦναι χάριν ὑ. ὧν.. ἅπαντας ἀνθρώπους εὐεργέτησεν Id.4.56
; of payment,ἡμιωβέλιον ὑ. ἑκάστου IG12.140.2
; μέτρησον Ποσειδωνίῳ ὑ. Ἡρακλείδου on account of H., i.e. debiting H.'s account, PFay.16 (i B. C.); μετρήσω ὑ. σοῦ εἰς τὸ δημόσιον for the credit of your account, PAmh.2.88.22 (ii A. D.);ὑ. λαογραφίας Ostr.Bodl. iii 80
(i A. D.);ὑ. λόγου ἀννώνης Ostr. 1479
(iii A. D.);ὑ. ὧν ἔμαθεν καταβαλεῖν μισθόν Jul.Or.3.126a
, cf. Ael.NA3.39.5 ὑ. τοῦ μή c. inf., for the purpose of preventing or avoiding,ὑ. τοῦ μηδένα.. βιαίῳ θανάτῳ ἀποθνῄσκειν X.Hier.4.3
;ὑ. τοῦ μὴ ποιεῖν τὸ προσταττόμενον Isoc.7.64
, cf. 12.80;τὴν πόλιν ἐκλιπεῖν ὑπέμειναν.. ὑ. τοῦ μὴ τὸ κελευόμενον ποιῆσαι D.18.204
: also without μή, for the sake of, ὑ. τοῦτοῖς ἄλλοις ἐπιτάττειν ἐθέλειν ἀποθνῄσκειν to be ready to die for the sake of.., Isoc.6.94;μὴ τοσαύτην ποιεῖσθαι σπουδὴν ὑ. τοῦ βλάψαι τοὺς πολεμίους ἡλίκην ὑ. τοῦ μηδὲν αὐτοὺς παθεῖν δεινόν Plb.3.94.9
, cf. 5.32.1, 5.86.8: this constr. is found also in signf. A. 111.III concerning,ὑ. σέθεν αῐσχε' ἀκούω Il.6.524
;κᾶρυξ ἀνέειπέ νιν ἀγγέλλων Ἱέρωνος ὑ. καλλινίκου ἅρμασι Pi.P.1.32
;Σκύθαι μὲν ὧδε ὑ. σφέων τε αὐτῶν καὶ τῆς χώρης τῆς κατύπερθε λέγουσι Hdt.4.8
; τὰ λεγόμενα ὑ. ἑκάστων v.l. in Id.2.123;τοὺς ὑ. τοῦ αἰῶνος φόβους Epicur.Sent.20
; διαλεχθῆναι, ἀγορεύειν ὑ. τινός, Pl.Ap. 39e, Lg. 776e; περὶ μὲν οὖν τούτων τοσαῦτά μοι εἰρήσθω, ὑ. ὧν δέ μοι προσήκει λέγειν .. Lys.24.4, cf. 21, 16.20;ὑ. οὗ.. ὁμολογῶ.. διαφέρεσθαι τούτοις D.18.31
; βουλευομένων ὑ. τοῦ ποίαν τινὰ [ εἰρήνην ποιητέον] Id.19.94;ἔγραψάς μοι ὑ. τῶν καμίνων PCair.Zen. 273.2
(iii B. C.);ἐνεκάλουν ὑ. σύκων PSI6.554.24
(iii B. C.);ἐπεδώκαμέν σοι ὑπόμνημα ὑ. τοῦ μὴ εἰληφέναι τὴν.. ὄλυραν UPZ46.4
(ii B. C.);συλλαλήσαντες ὑ. τοῦ τὴν πόλιν ἐνδοῦναι τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις Plb.1.43.1
; θροῦς ὑ. τοῦ τὸν Λυκοῦργον ἐκπέμπειν talk of sending L., Id.5.18.5, cf. 6; γνώμην ὑ. τῆς κοινῆς [ δόξης] Isoc.6.93;ὑ. τῶν τούτου λῃτουργιῶν.. ὡδὶ γιγνώσκω D.21.152
;ἐκ τῶν ἐμφανῶν ὑ. τῶν ἀφανῶν πιστεύειν Jul.Or. 4.138b
; with vbs. expressing emotion,ποίας.. γυναικὸς ἐκφοβεῖσθ' ὕ.; S.OT 989
;εἰ τὰ παρὰ σοὶ καλῶς ἔχει, θάρρει ὑ. ἐκείνων X.Cyr.7.1.17
;οὐδεὶς ὑ. μου δαιμόνων μηνίεται κατασφαγείσης A.Eu. 101
(approaching sense 11.1).B WITH ACCUS.,I of Place in reference to motion, over, beyond, freq. in Hom., e.g.ὑ. ὦμον ἤλυθ' ἀκωκή Il.5.16
, cf. 851;ἀλάλησθε.. ὑπεἰρ ἅλα Od.3.73
, cf. 7.135, al., A.Eu. 250, S.Ant. 1145 (lyr.);ὑ. τὸν δρύφακτον ὑπερτιθέμενοι Plb.1.22.10
: without such reference,ὑ. Ἡρακλείας στήλας ἔξω κατοικοῦσι Pl.Criti. 108e
, cf. Jul.Or.1.6d;τὰς κεφαλὰς ὑ. τὸ ὑγρὸν ὑπερίσχον Plb.3.84.9
;τῶν ὑ. τὸ Σαρδῷον πέλαγος τόπων Id.2.14.6
;ὑ. Μασσαλίαν Id.2.16.1
;λόφον κείμενον ὑ. τὴν ὁδόν Id.2.27.5
, cf. 3.47.2, al.;τῶν συριῶν ὑ. τὴν σκηνὴν οὐσῶν PHib. 1.38.7
(iii B. C.);οὐλὴ.. ὑ. ὀφρὺν δεξιάν PCair.Zen.76.13
(iii B. C.);τὸ ὑ. τὸν ἔσχατον.. σπόνδυλον Sor.1.102
;ὑ. τὸν οὐρανόν Jul.Or. 4.135a
.II of Measure, above, exceeding, beyond,ὑ. τὸν ἀλαθῆ λόγον Pi.O.1.28
;ὑ. τὸ βέλτιστον A.Ag. 378
(lyr.);ὑ. ἐλπίδα S.Ant. 366
(lyr.);ὑ. δύναμιν Th.6.16
;μεγέθει ὑ. τοὺς ἐν τῇ νηΐ Pl.R. 488b
;ὑ. ἄνθρωπον εἶναι Id.Lg. 839d
, Luc.Vit.Auct.2; ὑ. ἡμᾶς beyond our powers, Pl.Prm. 128b;ὑ. τὴν ἀξίαν E.HF 146
;ὑ. τὴν οὐσίαν Pl. R. 372b
; ὑ. τὸ ὕδωρ (cf.ὕδωρ 1.4
) Luc.Pr.Im.29.b after [comp] Comp., than, δυνατώτεροι ὑ. .. LXX Jd.18.26: so after Posit., τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς ὑ. αὐτόν better than he, ib.3 Ki.2.32.2 of transgression, in violation of, ὑ. αἶσαν, opp. κατ' αἶσαν, Il.3.59, al.;ὑ. Διὸς αἶσαν 17.321
;ὑ. μοῖραν 20.336
; ὑ. μόρον (or ὑπέρμορον) ib.30;ὑ. θεόν 17.327
;ὑ. ὅρκια 3.299
, al.III of Number, above, upwards of, τὰ ὑ. δέκα μνᾶς [ ξυμβόλαια] IG12.41.23, cf. 22.48, al.;ὑ. τεσσεράκοντα ἄνδρας Hdt.5.64
; ὑ. τετταράκοντα (sc. ἔτη) X.HG5.4.13;ὑ. τὰ στρατεύσιμα ἔτη γεγονόσι Id.Cyr.1.2.4
; ὑ. ἥμισυ more than half, ib.3.3.47.IV of Time, beyond, i.e. before, earlier than,ὁ ὑ. τὰ Μηδικὰ πόλεμος Th.1.41
;ὑ. τὴν φθοράν Pl.Ti. 23c
.V in some dialects, in sense A. 11.1,2, on behalf of,ὑ. τὰν πόλιν SIG437
(Delph., iii B. C.), al., cf. IG42(1).109iv113 (Epid., iii B. C.), 5(2).438-40,442 (Megalop., ii B. C.), 42(1).380,665 (Epid., i A. D.), IPE4.71.10 (Cherson., ii A. D.); in sense A. 111, concerning,ἐπικράνθη μοι ὑ. ὑμᾶς LXX Ru.1.13
.C WITH DAT., only Arc., μαχόμενοι ὑ. τᾷ τᾶς πόλιος ἐλευθερίᾳ fighting for.., IG5(2).16 (Tegea, iii B. C.).D POSITION: ὑπέρ may follow its Subst., but then by anastrophe becomes ὕπερ, Il.5.339, Od.19.450, al., S.OT 1444, etc.E AS ADV., over-much, above measure,ὑπὲρ μὲν ἄγαν E.Med. 627
(lyr.); also written ὑπεράγαν, Str.3.2.9, Ael.NA3.38, etc.; cf. ὑπέρφευ: as a predicate, διάκονοι Χριστοῦ εἰσι; ὑπὲρ ἐγώ I am more [ than they], 2 Ep.Cor.11.23.1 of Place, over, beyond, as in ὑπεράνω, ὑπέργειος, ὑπερβαίνω, ὑπερπόντιος.2 of doing a thing for or in defence of, as in ὑπερμαχέω, ὑπερασπίζω, ὑπεραλγέω.3 above measure, as in ὑπερήφανος, ὑπερφίαλος. -
29 ὕπτιος
A laid on one's back, freq. in Hom., esp. of one falling backwards, opp.πρηνής, πολλοὶ δὲ πρηνεῖς τε καὶ ὕπτιοι ἔκπεσον Il.11.179
;ὁ δ' ὕ. ἐν κονίῃσι.. πέσε 15.434
, cf. 4.522, al., S.OT 811;τὸν δ' ὕ. ὦσ' ἀπὸ δουρός Il.16.863
; ἄλλοτ' ἐπὶ πλευρὰς κατακείμενος, ἄλλοτε δ' αὖτε ὕ., ἄλλοτε δὲ πρηνής, of Achilles in his grief, 24.11; ὕ. ἀποθανέειν to die lying on one's back, Hdt.4.190;ῥέγκει.. ὕ. Ar.Eq. 104
;ὕπτιον καθεύδειν οὐδενὶ βέλτιόν ἐστιν Diocl. Fr.141
;κατεκλίνη ὕ. Pl.Phd. 117e
, cf. Sor.2.87, al., Gal.18(2).56, al.;ὑ. ἀνατετραμμένος Pl.Euthd. 278c
; of a quadruped, ὀρθοῦ ἑστεῶτος.. καὶ ὑπτίου standing upright and lying on its back, Hdt.2.38, cf. AP5.202 (Asclep.).II ὕ. μέρη, in animals, the under parts, i.e. the belly, opp. τὰ πρανῆ (the upper parts, the back), Arist. PA 658a16, al., cf.πρανής 11
: hence Thphr.HP1.10.2, 3.14.2 uses ὕπτιος of the smoother upper surface of leaves, opp. πρανής of the rougher and under: γαστὴρ ὑ. the belly uppermost, E.Cyc. 326; of the hand, ἐκτείνειν τὴν χεῖρ' ὑ. to hold out the hand with the under side uppermost, to hold out the hollow of the hand, so as to receive something, Ar.Ec. 782;τὴν χεῖρα νῦν μὲν ὑ., νῦν δὲ πρηνῆ προτείνας Plu.Tim.11
;τῆς χειρὸς ὑ. τὸ μέσον Id.Crass.18
;ὑ. ταῖς χερσὶν ὑποδέχεσθαί τι Philostr.Im.1.6
;ἐδέξαντο ὑπτίαις χερσὶ τὸν τῶν πολεμίων στρατόν Procop.Goth.3.16.19
;οὐλὴ καρπῷ δεξιῷ ὑπτίῳ PLond. 2.259.81
(i A. D.); also ὑ. τὰς χεῖρας ἀνατείνειν lift the upturned hands in prayers, Plu.Comp.Phil.Flam.2, cf. Philostr.Im.2.1;ταῖς χερσὶν ὑπτίαις διαλέγεσθαι D.Chr.33.52
; ἐξ ὑπτίας νεῖν swim or float on one's back, Ar.Fr. 665, Pl.R. 529c.III generally, of anything turned downside up, πάλος ἐξ ὑπτίου 'πήδησεν.. κράνους from the upturned helmet, with the hollow uppermost, A.Th. 459 (cf. Il.7.176); παράθες νυν ὑ. αὐτὴν ἐμοί (sc. τὴν ἀσπίδα) Ar.Ach. 583, cf. Lys. 185, Th.7.82; ἁψῖδος ἥμισυ ὕπτιον a half-wheel with the concave side uppermost, Hdt.4.72; but κύλιξ ὑ. a cup with the bottom uppermost, Ar.Lys. 195; ὑπτίοις σέλμασιν ναυτίλλεται he sails with the benches upside down, i.e. suffers shipwreck, S.Ant. 716;κεῖσθαι ὥσπερ γάμμα ὕ. X.Oec.19.9
;σχαλίδες Id.Cyn.6.7
; περιφέρεια κοίλη καὶ ὑ., opp. πρηνὴς καὶ κυρτή, Arist.Mete. 350a11.2 ἐξ ὑπτίας ἀνάπαλιν διανεῖν τὸν λόγον trace the argument backwards from the conclusion, Pl.Phdr. 264a, cf. Herm. in Phdr.p.187A.; ἐξ ὑπτίας backwards, in reverse order,ἀπὸ τῶν ἐσχάτων ἐπὶ τὰ πρῶτα ἐπανιόντες Dam.Pr.81
;ἐξ ὑπτίας χωροῦντες Procl.Hyp.7.57
.IV of land, flat, horizontal, Hdt.2.7, Thphr.CP5.12.7, App.BC4.2, Mith.42, Ael.NA16.15, Plu. 2.193e, 530a;ἐν ὑπτίῳ τοῦ ὄρους Paus.8.13.1
; ὕ. μᾶλλον ἢ ὄρθιος, of a flight of shallow steps, Luc.Hipp.5; of the sea, smooth, Philostr. Im.2.17, Lib.Descr.7.5.V metaph., supine, lazy, careless, Aristid. Or.31(11).5, Id.2.112J., Poll.1.158, etc.; ἔστω.. μὴ ὕ. ὁ τράχηλος his neck should not be relaxed, Zeno Stoic.1.58;δεῖ αὐτῷ καὶ αὐχένος ὀρθοῦ καὶ βλέμματος οὐχ ὑπτίου Lib.Or.64.103
;προσφέρομαι τῶν αὐστηρῶν τι.. ὅταν αἴσθωμαί ποθ' ὕ. [τὸν στόμαχον] γεγονότα καὶ πλησίον ἥκοντα ναυτίας Gal.6.601
, cf. 15.460; of language, flat, tedious, D.H.Isoc. 15, Din.8, Hermog.Stat.3, etc. Adv., ὑπτίως ἔχειν to be flat and dull, Ph.1.305;ὑ. καὶ οὐ ποιητικῶς ᾖσεν Philostr.Her.2.19
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30 ὀρύσσω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to dig (up, in, out), to scrape, to bury'.Other forms: att. - ττω, late - χω (Arat.), ipv. - γε (Seriphos), aor. ὀρύξαι, fut. ὀρύξω (Hom.), pass. aor. ὀρυχθῆναι, fut. ὀρυχθήσομαι, perf. ὀρώρυγμαι (IA.; w. prefix κατ-ώρυγμαι). Act. ὀρώρυχα (Att.), Aor. 2. ὀρυγεῖν, pass. ὀρυγῆναι (late).Derivatives: 1. backformation ὄρυξ, - υγος m. `pickaxe' (AP), usu. name of an Egyptian and Libyan (also Indian) gazelle or antelope (Arist., LXX), seemingly after the pointed horns, but rather folketym. transformed LW [loanword]; also name of a great fish (Str.; s. Thompson Fishes s.v.). Of the prefixcompp. κατ-ῶρυξ (ω comp. length.), - υχος `buried, dug in, underground', as subst. f. `grave' (trag.); dat. pl. κατω-ρυχέεσσι ( λάεσσι, λίθοισι ζ 267, ι 185), rather metr. enlarged than from κατωρυχής; δι-ῶρυξ, - υχος, late mostly - υγος f. `ditch, channel, mine' (Ion., Th., Tab. Heracl., pap.). 2. ( δι-, ὑπ-)όρυγμα n. `hole, grave' (IA.); 3. ὀρυγμός m. `id.' (Priene). 4. ( δι-)ορυχή f. (- ωρ-) `the digging' (D., Delos), also - γή (LXX). 5. ( κατ-, ἐπ-, ὑπ-)όρυξις f. `id.' (Arist.). 6. ὀρυκτή f. = ὄρυγμα (Ph.). 7. ὀρυκ-τήρ m. `miner' (Zeno Stoic.), - της m. `digger, tool for digging' (Aesop., Str.); ( δι-) ορυκτρίς f. adjunct of χελώνη `mine protection roof' (Poliorc.). 8. ὀρυγεύς fossorium (Gloss.).Etymology: The general basis of all verbal forms and derived nouns is a stem ὀρυχ-; the media in ὀρυγ- is secondary (cf. Schwyzer 715 a. 760); secondary is also the present ὀρύχω (Schw. 684 f.). -- Without exact agreement outside Greek. As ὀ- can be `prothetic', we can explain the primary yot-present ὀρύσσω from *ὀρυχ-ι̯ω \< * h₃rugh- and compare the nasalinfixed secondary formation Lat. runcō, - āre `weed out, root up', to which a.o. runcō, - ōnis m. `weeding hook', as well as Latv. rūkēt `dig, scrape'; also the primary Skt. luñcati `pluck off' (with l from IE r) can belong here. To be considered further several isolated verbal nouns, esp. from Celtic, e.g. Ir. rucht (\< * ruk-tu-) `swine', pop. *"grubber"; from Alban. rrah `excavation, reclaimed land' IE * rouk-so- (Restelli Ist. Lomb. 91, 475). The aspiration, seen only in Greek, can be expressive or analogical. -- (If one separates the velar as a formative element, we can compare οὑροί m. pl. `trench' (s.v.), ὅρος `boundary' ('-furrow'?), the instrument name ὀρυα, poss. also ὀρύα f. `intestine', prop. *"hole"?). Further forms w. rich lit. in WP. 2, 351 ff., Pok. 868ff.Page in Frisk: 2,430-431Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀρύσσω
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31 κριτήριον
κρῐτ-ήριον, τό,A means for judging or trying, standard, freq. of the mental faculties and senses,ἔχων αὐτῶν τὸ κ. ἐν αὑτῷ Pl.Tht. 178b
, cf. R. 582a, Plu.2.448b, etc.;τὸ αἰσθητήριον καὶ κ. τῶν.. χυμῶν Arist. Metaph. 1068a3
, cf. Epicur.Ep.1p.5U. (pl.), Sent.24, al.; περὶ κριτηρίου, title of works by Epicurus (D.L.10.27), Posidonius (Diocl. ap. D.L.7.54), and Ptolemy: generally, χρόνον εἶναι μέτρον καὶ κ. τάχους measure, test, Zeno Stoic.1.26, etc.2 court of judgement, tribunal, Pl.Lg. 767b;καθίζειν κ. Plb.9.33.12
, cf. PHib.1.29 (a) (iii B. C.), 1 Ep.Cor.6.2, IG14.951.20, Paus.2.20.7, POxy.2134.6 (ii A. D.), etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κριτήριον
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32 νόμος
A that which is in habitual practice, use or possession, not in Hom. (cf. J.Ap.2.15), though read by Zenod. in Od.1.3.I usage, custom,[Μοῦσαι] μέλπονται πάντων τε νόμους καὶ ἤθεα κεδνά Hes.Th.66
;ν. ἀρχαῖος ἄριστος Id.Fr. 221
; ἔνθα ν. (sc. ἐστί) c. inf., where it is the custom.., Alc.Supp.25.5; ν. πάντων βασιλεύς custom is lord of all, Pi.Fr.169.1;ν. δεσπότης Hdt.7.104
, Pl. Lg. 715d;ν. τύραννος τῶν ἀνθρώπων Id.Prt. 337d
;ἴησις ὀθονίοισι κατὰ τὸν ν. τὸν ἀρθριτικόν Hp.Art.18
;ὡς νόμος Id.Mochl.37
: hence, law, ordinance,τόνδε.. ν. διέταξε Κρονίων.. θηρσὶ.. ἐσθέμεν ἀλλήλους Hes. Op. 276
;τρέφονται πάντες οἱ ἀνθρώπειοι ν. ὑπὸ τοῦ θείου Heraclit. 114
;ἄφθογγον εἶναι τὸν παλαμναῖον ν. [ἐστί] A.Eu. 448
;ν. κάλλιστον ἐξευρόντα, πειθαρχεῖν πατρί S.Tr. 1177
; ν. κοινός, = ὀρθὸς λόγος, Zeno Stoic.1.43: pl.,ἔργων.. ὧν νόμοι πρόκεινται ὑψίποδες S.OT 865
(lyr.);νεοχμοῖς ν. Ζεὺς κρατύνει A.Pr. 150
(lyr.).b in VT, of the law of God, , al., cf. Is.2.3; νόμον ὃν ἐνετείλατο ὑμῖν Μωϋσῆς ib.De.33.4; so in NT,ὁ ν. Μωϋσέως Ev.Luc.2.22
, etc.; but alsoὁ ν. τοῦ Χριστοῦ Ep.Gal.6.2
; ὁ ν. τοῦ Πνεύματος τῆς ζωῆς, opp. ὁ ν. τῆς ἁμαρτίας καὶ τοῦ θανάτου, Ep.Rom.8.2;ν. τέλειος ὁ τῆς ἐλευθερίας Ep.Jac.1.25
.c with Preps., κατὰ νόμον according to custom or law, Hes.Th. 417, Hdt.1.61, etc.;κὰν νόμον Pi.O.8.78
; οἱ κατὰ ν. ὄντες θεοί the established deities, Pl.Lg. 904a;κατὰ νόμους A.Supp. 241
; παρὰ νόμον contrary to.., Id.Eu. 171 (lyr.);παρὰ τοὺς τῆς φύσεως ν. Pl.Ti. 83e
;ἐν Πανελλάνων νόμῳ Pi.I.2.38
; ἐν Ἀδραστείῳ νόμῳ by the law of Adrastus, i.e. at the Nemean games, Id.N.10.28: esp. in dat. νόμῳ by custom, conventionally, opp. φύσει, Hdt. 4.39, Philol.9, Arist.EN 1094b16, etc.; ν. γλυκύ, ν. πικρόν, Democr.9;εἰ μή τις λέγοι ν. ὁρᾶν καὶ τὰς λεγομένας ποιότητας μὴ ἐν τοῖς ὑποκειμένοις εἶναι Plot.4.4.29
; ὅσον νόμου χάριν just for form's sake, Diph.43.14, Arist.Metaph. 1076a27.d statute, ordinance made by authority,[Σόλων] νόμους ἔθηκεν ἄλλους, τοῖς δὲ Δράκοντος θεσμοῖς ἐπαύσαντο χρώμενοι πλὴν τῶν φονικῶν Id.Ath.7.1
(butτὸν Δράκοντος ν. τὸν περὶ τοῦ φόνου IG12.115.5
), etc.; νόμον τιθέναι, τίθεσθαι, v. τίθημι; βασιλικὸς ν. OGI483.1 (Pergam., ii A.D.), Ep.Jac.2.8: freq. of general laws, opp. ψηφίσματα (special decrees), Pl.Tht. 173d, etc.;ὅταν τὰ ψηφίσματα κύρια ᾖ ἀλλὰ μὴ ὁ ν. Arist.Pol. 1292a7
: generally, law, ἄνευ ὀρέξεως νοῦς ὁ ν. ἐστίν ib. 1287a32; ἄγραφος ν. Lex ap. And.1.85, etc.; opp. γεγραμμένος, Arist.Rh. 1373b6; ν. ἴδιος, opp. κοινός, ib.4; ὁ ν. freq. as subject,οἱ ν. διδόασι τιμωρίας D.18.12
;ὧν ὁ ν. ἀγορεύει Inscr.Magn. 92b16
(ii B.C.); μὴ ὁ ν. κρίνει τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἐὰν μὴ ἀκούσῃ πρῶτον; Ev.Jo.7.51.e c. gen. rei,οὗτός τοι πεδίων πέλεται ν. Hes.Op. 388
;Ὑλλίδος στάθμας ἐν νόμοις Pi.P.1.62
;τὸν φαρμάκων δίδαξε μαλακόχειρα ν. Id.N.3.55
;ν. ἐμβολῆς καὶ διορθώσιος Hp.Mochl.38
; ὁ ν. τοῦ κριοῦ, τοῦ ἀνδρός, τῶν ἐρανιστῶν, LXXLe.6.31 (7.1), Ep.Rom.7.2, SIG 1198.14 (Arcesine, iii B.C.); ἐς χειρῶν νόμον ἀπικέσθαι to come to blows, into action, Hdt.9.48; ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ ἀπόλλυσθαι, περιπεσεῖν, die in action, Id.8.89, Plb.1.57.8;μεταλλάξαι τὸν βίον ἐν χ. ν. Id.3.63.5
, cf. 3.116.9;Ἀσδρούβας.. ἐν χ. ν. κατέστρεψε τὸν βίον Id.11.2.1
;τοὺς μὲν ἐν χ. ν. διέφθειρε Id.1.82.2
; τοὺς ἐν χ. ν. τὰς πολιτείας καταλύοντας by 'direct action', Aeschin.1.5; but under martial law,Arist.
Pol. 1285a10;τῷ τοῦ πολέμου νόμῳ κτησάμενος Aeschin.2.33
.2 Νόμος personified, οἱ θεοὶ σθένουσι χὡ κείνων κρατῶν N. E.Hec. 800, cf. Orph.Fr. 105, 160.II melody, strain,οἶδα δ' ὀρνίχων νόμως πάντων Alcm.67
;ν. ἵππιος Pi.O. 1.101
;Ἀπόλλων ἁγεῖτο παντοίων ν. Id.N.5.25
;ν. πολεμικοί Th.5.69
;ἐπηλάλαξαν Ἀραὶ τὸν ὀξὺν ν. A.Th. 952
(lyr.);κρεκτοὶ ν. S.Fr. 463
, cf. AP9.584: metaph.,τοὺς Ἅιδου ν. S.Fr. 861
.2 esp. a type of early melody created by Terpander for the lyre as an accompaniment to Epic texts,ν. ὄρθιος Hdt.1.24
;ν. Βοιώτιος S.Fr. 966
;ν. κιθαρῳδικοί Ar.Ra. 1282
, cf. Pl.Lg. 700d, Arist.Po. 1447b26, Pr. 918b13, etc.; also for the flute,ν. αὐλῳδικός Plu.2.1132d
; without sung text, ν. αὐλητικός ib.1133d, cf. 138b, Poll.4.79; later, composition including both words and melody, e.g. Tim.Pers.III = νοῦμμος (q. v.), Epich.136, Sophr.162, Inscr.Délos407.21 (ii B.C.); ν. σηστέρτιοι, = Lat. nummi sestertii, Inscr.Prien.41.13 (ii B.C.).IV Archit., course of masonry, IG12(2).11.17 (Mytil.). -
33 πάθος
A that which happens to a person or thing, τὰ ἐν τοῖς κατόπτροις τῆς ὄψεως π. Pl.Tht. 193c; τὰ ἐν τῷ ἀνθρωπίνῳ βίῳ [τῆς ψυχῆς] π. Id.R. 612a; incident, accident, τὰ ἀνθρωπήϊα π. Hdt.5.4; τὸ συντυχὸν π. S.Aj. 313; οὗ τόδ' ἦν π. where this incident took place, Id.OT 732; ἔξωθεν π. Pl.R. 381a; unfortunate accident, Antipho 3.4.10.2 what one has experienced, good or bad, experience, (lyr.); τά γ' ἐμὰ π. my experiences, Pl.Phd. 96a;τὸ δρᾶμα τοῦ πάθους πλέον A.Ag. 533
; opp. ἔργα, Pl. Phdr. 245c, Arist.Cael. 298a28; opp. πρᾶξις, Pl.Lg. 876d;ἤθη καὶ π. καὶ πράξεις Arist.Po. 1447a28
.b in bad sense, misfortune, calamity, A.Pr. 703, Hdt.1.91, Lys.32.10, etc.;οὐλίῳ σὺν πάθει S.Aj. 932
(lyr.); τὰ τῆς Νιόβης π. Pl.R. 380a, etc.; ἀνήκεστον π. ἔρδειν to do an act which is an irreparable mischief to one, Hdt.1.137; μετὰ τῆς θυγατρὸς τὸ π., i.e. her death, Id.2.133; π. μέγα πεπονθέναι, of a great defeat, Id.3.147, cf. 5.87, al.II of the soul, emotion, passion (λέγω δὲ πάθη.. ὅλως οἷς ἕπεται ἡδονὴ ἢ λύπη Arist.EN 1105b21
),σοφίη ψυχὴν παθῶν ἀφαιρεῖται Democr.31
;διὰ πάθους Th.3.84
; ἐρωτικὸν π. Pl.Phdr. 265b; π. ποιεῖν to excite passion, Arist.Rh. 1418a12;ἐν π. εἶναι Id.Pol. 1287b3
; ἐκτὸς τοῦ π. εἶναι to be exempt from passion, Teles p.56 H.;ἔξω τῶν π. γίγνεσθαι D.C.60.3
; περὶ παθῶν, title of work by Zeno the Stoic, D.L.7.4; in Epicur., sensation (including pleasure and pain), ἀκουστικὸν π. Ep.1p.13U., cf. p.19 U. (pl.); ὡς κανόνι τῷ π. πᾶν ἀγαθὸν κρίνοντες ib.3p.63U.III state, condition, τὸ τῆς παντοδαπῆς ἀγνοίας π. Pl.Sph. 228e, cf. 243c, Plt. 277d, Ap. 22c; opp. ἐνέργεια, A.D.Synt.12.17; opp. ποίημα, Pl.Sph. 248d.2 incidents of things, changes or happenings occurring in them, τὰ οὐράνια π. Pl.Hp.Ma. 285c; τὰ περὶ τὸν οὐρανὸν π. Id.Phd. 96c;τὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ π. καὶ μέρη Arist.Metaph. 986a5
;π. τοῦτο, ὃ καλεῖν εἰώθαμεν σεισμόν Id.Mu. 395b36
.3 properties, qualities of things, opp. οὐσία, Pl.Euthphr. 11a; π. λέγεται.. ποιότης καθ' ἣν ἀλλοιοῦσθαι ἐνδέχεται, οἷον τὸ λευκὸν καὶ τὸ μέλαν, καὶ γλυκὺ καὶ πικρόν, καὶ βαρύτης καὶ κουφότης, κτλ. Arist. Metaph. 1022b15; τῶν ἀριθμῶν π. ib. 985b29; ἀριθμοῖς καὶ γραμμαῖς καὶ τοῖς τούτων π. Iamb.Comm.Math.23;γεωμετρία περὶ τὰ συμβεβηκότα πάθη τοῖς μεγέθεσι Arist.Rh. 1355b31
, cf. APo. 75b1; τῶν φυτῶν τὰ μέρη καὶ τὰ π. Thphr.HP1.1.1; αἱ δυνάμεις καὶ τὰ π. ib.8.4.2.IV Gramm., modification in form of words (esp. dialectal),πάθη τῆς λέξεως Arist.Rh. 1460b12
, cf. A.D.Pron.38.24, al.2 in Syntax, modified construction, of omission or redundancy, Id.Synt.6.15, 267.8.c in writing, signs other than accents and breathings ([etym.] ἀπόστροφος, ὑφέν, ὑποδιαστολή), D.T.Supp.1p.107U.V Rhet., emotional style or treatment, τὸ σφοδρὸν καὶ ἐνθουσιαστικὸν π. Longin.8.1;πάθος ποιεῖν Arist.
Rh. 1418a12;πράγματα π. ἔχοντα Plu.2.711e
, etc.: pl.,πάθη διεστῶτα ὕψους Longin.8.2
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34 προάγω
Aπροῆχα D.19.18
, 25.8, Paus.3.11.10 :—[voice] Med., v. infr.: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. in med. sense, v. infr. 1.7 :— lead forward or onward,μιν ἐς τὰ οἰκία Hdt.3.148
, etc.; escort on their way, Id.8.132;τοὺς πεζοὺς οὐ πολλὴν ὁδόν X.Cyr.3.3.23
:—[voice] Pass., to be led on, .2 carry on,αἱμασιάν D.55.27
; produce, Plot.3.7.6 :—[voice] Pass., [τάξις] εἰς ὀξὺ προηγμένη brought to a point, Arr.Tact.16.8.b bring on in age, etc.,προῆγεν αὐτὸν ὁ χρόνος εἰς ὥραν X.Cyr.1.4.4
:—[voice] Pass., ἐπὶ πλείω προῆκται τῆς κατ' ἰητρικὴν ἐπιμελείας belong to more advanced medical study, Hp.Medic.13.3 bring forward, νεκρόν εἰς τὸ φανερόν, τι εἰς τὸ πρόσθεν, Pl.Lg. 960a, Plt. 262c;τὴν φύσιν εἰς φῶς πᾶσιν Id.Ep. 341d
;βουλὴν ἀπόρρητον εἰς φῶς ἡλίου Plu.2.552d
; οἱ προαγαγόντες εἰς φῶς, = οἱ γονεῖς, Poll.3.8, cf. Hld.7.23; call up an apparition, Thessal. in Cat.Cod.Astr.8(3).137.b bring before a tribunal, SIG 826G 22 (ii B.C., [voice] Pass.);π. δάνειον POxy.1562.14
(iii A.D.).4 lead on, induce, persuade,δόλῳτινὰς π. Hdt.9.90
;ὡς ἡχρεία προάγει Th.3.59
: with inf. added, κινδυνεύειν τινὰ π. ib.45; : with Preps.,π. θυμὸν ἐς ἀμπλακίην Thgn. 386
(nisi leg. παράγει); τινὰς ἐς λόγους Pl.Ti. 22a
;εἰς μῖσος X.HG 3.5.2
; τὰς συγγενείας εἰς ἔχθραν, εἰς ἄνοιαν τὴν πόλιν, Isoc.4.174, 8.121;εἰς ὀργὴν ἢ φθόνον ἢ ἔλεον Arist.Rh. 1354a25
; εἰς γέλωτα ib. 1415a37; τινὰ ἐπ' ἀρετήν, opp. προτρέψασθαι, X.Mem.1.4.1;πάντας ἐκ.. πολέμων ἐπὶ τὴν ὁμόνοιαν Isoc.5.141
;πρὸς.. κακίας ὑπερβολήν D. 20.36
;ἐμαυτὸν εἰς ἀπέχθειαν Id.23.1
:—[voice] Med., ἐς γέλωτα προαγαγέσθαι τινά move one to laughter, Hdt.2.121.δ'; τὴν ὑγρότητα αὐτῶν τοῦ ἤθους εἰς ἔλεον Lycurg.33
;προαξόμεθ'.. εἰς ἀνάγκην D.5.14
: c.inf.,τοῦτο πολεμίους προάγεται ἁμαρτάνειν X.Eq.Mag.5.15
, cf. Aeschin.3.117, Arist.Pol. 1270b2:—freq. in [voice] Pass.,προαχθέντας εἰς φιλοποσίαν X. Mem.1.2.22
;εἰς τοῦτ' ὀργῆς προήχθησαν ὥστε.. Isoc.20.8
: c. inf., , cf. 18.269, Arist.Ph. 194a31;προάγεται λαλεῖν Men.164
;πολλὰ προηγμένον πρᾶξαι D.5.23
, etc.5 carry forward, advance, π. τὴν πόλιν lead it on to power, Th.6.18, D.19.18; π. αὐτὴν (sc. τὴν ἀρχὴν)ἐς τόδε Th.1.75
, cf. Arist. Pol. 1274a10;λόγοισι προάγει.., ἔργοισι δ' οὐδὲ κινεῖ Cratin.300
; οὕτω μέχρι πόρρω προήγαγον [τὴν ἔχθραν] carried it so far, D.18.163;π. [τὰ πράγματα] ἐπὶ τὸ βέλτιον Id.Prooem.38
, etc.; τὴν πραγματείαν π. εἰς τὸ πρόσθεν promote the study, Aristox.Fr.Hist.81; [ τὰ μαθήματα] Arist.Metaph. 985b24;τὰς τέχνας Id.SE 183b29
, cf. Po. 1449a13; π. καὶ διαρθρῶσαι τὰ καλῶς ἔχοντα τῇ περιγραφῇ carry on and complete.., Id.EN 1098a22, cf. Pol. 1282b35:—[voice] Med.,ἐς τοῦτο [τὰ Περσέων πρήγματα] προηγάγοντο Hdt.7.50
:—[voice] Pass., increase, become rife, D.19.266.b of persons, promote or prefer to honour, , cf. Plb.12.13.6, etc.; τινὰς εἰς δόξαν, ἐφ' ἡγεμονίας, Plu.Them.7, Galb.20, etc.;ἐπὶ μέγα προαχθῆναι Luc.Alex.55
.c prefer in the way of choice, esp. in [voice] Pass.,αἱ προηγμέναι φυλαί J.AJ4.8.44
: προηγμένος distinguished, outstanding,ὥρα Philostr.
Jun.Im.Praef.6 in Stoic Philos., of things neither good nor bad but promoted or advanced above the zero point of indifference,προηγμένον.. ὃ ἀδιάφορον <ὂν> ἐκλεγόμεθα Zeno Stoic.1.48
, cf. Aristo ib.83, Chrysipp.ib.3.28, etc.; cf. ἀποπροάγω.7 in [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. with med. sense, οὕτω προῆκται τοὺς παῖδας ὥστε.. has had them brought up in such a way that.., D.54.23: also in pass. sense,ἐπιεικῶς τοῖς ἔθεσι προηγμένοι Arist. EN 1180a8
.8 pronounce a discourse,κατὰ θεωρίαν π. πάντα Philostr.VS2.9.3
; αἱ κατὰ σχῆμα προηγμέναι τῶν ὑποθέσεων ib.2.4.2.II intr., lead the way, go before, ;σοῦ προάγοντος ἐγὼ ἐφεσπόμην Id.Phd. 90b
, cf. X.An.6.5.6, etc.: with acc. added, προῆγε πολὺ πάντας dub. in J.BJ6.1.6 (leg. πάντων): of a commander, lead an advance, push forward, Plb.2.65.1,3.35.1, etc.2 metaph., ὁ προάγων λόγος the preceding discourse, Pl.Lg. 719a;αἱ π. γραφαί J.AJ19.6.2
;ὁ π. μήν PSI5.450.59
(ii A.D.).3 go on, advance, ἐπὶ πολὺ προάγει τῇ τε βίᾳ καὶ τῇ ὠμότητι Decr. ap. D.18.181;ἐκ τῶν ἀσαφεστ έρων ἐπὶ τὰ σαφέστερα Arist.Ph. 184a19
;πόρρω π. ὕβρεως Clearch.6
( τὸ ἔργον προῆγε ([etym.] ν) is v.l. for προσῆγε in Hdt.9.92);πᾶς ὁ προάγων καὶ μὴ μένων ἐν τῇ διδαχῇ 2 Ep.Jo.9
: of Time,τῆς ἡμέρας ἤδη προαγούσης Plb.18.8.1
; reach, attain to,εἰς τὰς ὀκτὼ μυριάδας Phld.Ind.Sto. 32
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35 πρόνοια
A perceiving beforehand, foresight, foreknowledge,τοὖπος τὸ θεοπρόπον τᾶς παλαιφάτου π. S.Tr. 823
(lyr.);προνοίαισι τοῦ πεπρωμένου A.Ag. 684
(lyr.).2 = πρόγνωσις 11.b, Hp. ap.Gal.18 (2).8.II foresight, forethought,ἐπῄνεσ'.. πρόνοιαν ἣν ἔθου S.Aj. 536
;π. δ' ἐστὶν οὐδενὸς σαφής Id.OT 978
; προνοίας οὕνεκα so far as foresight, caution is required, Id.Ph. 774, cf.El. 1015; with forethought, purposely,Hdt.
1.120, 159, etc.; opp. κατὰ τύχην, Id.8.87, cf. Antipho 5.21, Lys.26.19, Pl.Phdr. 241e; ἀπὸ προνοίας τινῶν by their precautions, Th.8.95;τὴν π. τὴν ές ἡμέας ἔχουσαν Hdt. 8.144
; προνοίᾳ τῶν συγγενῶν, φίλων, τῆς πόλεως, by care for.., And.1.56; esp. of crimes committed with design or malice prepense, ἐκ προνοίας τραῦμα, ἐκ π. φόνοι, Aeschin.3.212, Din.1.6, etc.;ἐκ π. ἀποθνῄσκειν Antipho 1.22
, cf. Lys.3.28; τὰ ἐκ π., opp. ἀκούσια, Arist.Pol. 1300b26; so οὐδεμία π. ἐστι τραύματος no intention of wounding, Lys.3.41; πρόνοιαν ἔχειν (or ἴσχειν) τινός to take thought for.., show care for.., E.Alc. 1061, Th.2.89, etc.;περί τινος S.Ant. 283
;ὑπέρ τινος Isoc.16.9
;ἡ τοῦ χόρτου π. PFlor.131.7
(iii A. D.), cf. 148.2 (iii A. D.): c. inf., πολλὴν π. εἶχεν εὐσχήμως (fort. εὐσχήμων) ; πολλὴν π. ἔχειν μέλλοντας.. to be ware of doing a thing, Antipho 5.91;π. ποιεῖσθαί τινος D.21.97
, etc.: pl., X.Oec.7.38.2 providence,τοῦ θείου ἡ π. Hdt.3.108
; ;θεία π. E.Ph. 637
(troch.);πρόνοιαι θεῶν Pl.Ti. 44c
: abs., divine providence,προνοίας ἔργῳ X.Mem.1.4.6
, etc., cf.Zeno Stoic.1.44, Cleanth.ib.121, Chrysipp. ib.2.168, al. ( περὶ προνοίας as title of one of his works, ib.3.203).3 Pythag. name for five, Theol.Ar.31.III Πρόνοια Ἀθηνᾶ Athena as goddess of Forethought, under which name she was worshipped at Delphi, D.25.34, D.S.11.14, Parth.25, Paus.10.8.6, Plu.2.825b, Jul.Or.4.149b, etc.; at Delos acc. to Macr.Sat.1.17.55, cf. Aristid.1.97 J., Or.37(2).26; alsoἸουλία θεὰ Σεβαστὴ Π. IG3.461
: this name of Athena, which is guaranteed by the context in D., Aristid., Jul., Macr. Il. cc., seems to have been a distortion of the name Προναία or Προνᾴα (v.πρόναος 1
), but πρόνοια is f.l. for Προναία (or Προνᾴα ) in Aeschin. (v.πρόναος 1
), and D.S., Parth., Paus., Plu. Il. cc. shd. perh. be corrected.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πρόνοια
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36 σπουδαῖος
A in haste, quick,σ. τοὺς πόδας Poll. 1.197
, 3.149;τὸ σ. τῆς πορείας Polyaen.6.24
:—but in ordinary use denoting energy or earnestness:I of persons, earnest, serious, X.Cyr.2.2.16 ([comp] Sup.), cf. Smp.8.3; active, zealous, in canvassing, Plu. Aem.1.2 good, excellent in their several kinds, Hdt.8.69; opp. φαῦλος, Pl.Lg. 757a, 814e, Arist.Po. 1448a2;ἀκροαταὶ-ότεροι Isoc.12.271
; σ. αὐλητής, opp. ἄνθρωπος μοχθηρός, Antisth. ap. Plu.Per.1;κιθαριστής Arist.EN 1098a9
; ;ἀνδράποδον D.9.31
;σ. τὴν τέχνην X.Mem.4.2.2
; .3 in moral sense, good, opp. πονηρός, X.HG2.3.19; opp. φαῦλος, Id.Cyr.2.2.24, Zeno Stoic.1.52;οἱ σ. Λακεδαιμονίων X.HG3.1.9
;σ. τὰ ἤθη Isoc.1.4
;τῷ ἀρετὴν ἔχειν σ. λέγεται Arist.Cat. 10b8
, cf. EN 1166a13, Top. 131b2; σπουδαῖον = ἀγαθον, Id.EN 1136b8, 1137b4: generally, of all virtuous objects or qualities, Id.Metaph. 1021b24, 1051b24, EN 1151a27, al.II of things, worth serious attention, weighty, χρῆμα, πρῆγμα, Thgn.65,70, 116, etc.; τὰ -έστερα ([etym.] - έστατα)τῶν πρηγμάτων Hdt.1.8
, 133 (v.l. -ότερα, -ότατα), cf. Iisoc.2.50; ; opp. γελοῖος, Ar.Ra. 392 (lyr.); τί γελᾷς ἐπὶ σπουδαίοις πράγμασιν; Pl.Euthd. 300e.2 good of its kind, excellent,σ. νομαί Hdt.4.23
; ἡ σπουδαιοτάτη [τῶν ταριχεύσεων] the most elaborate, costliest, Id.2.86, cf. PSI4.413.26 (iii B.C.); ἡ ἰσηγορίη χρῆμα ς. Hdt.5.78; λόγος ς. Pi.P.4.132; ; ;σπέρματα X.Mem.4.4.23
; δῶρον οὐ σ. εἰς ὄψιν not goodly to look on, S. OC 577; τραγῳδία ς. Arist.Po. 1449b17;σ. ὑπόδημα Id.EE 1219a22
:— a play on senses 11.1 and 11.2 in Arist.EN 1176b25, 1177a3; ironically, σ. χρῆμα a fine thing, h.Merc. 332.III Adv. σπουδαίως with haste or zeal, seriously, earnestly, well, X.Cyr.1.3.9, Pl.Cra. 406b, etc.: [comp] Comp.- ότερον X.Cyr.2.3.20
;- οτέρως Plu.Nob.15
: [comp] Sup. τὰ -ότατα most carefully, in the best way, Hdt.2.86.—Besides the regul. [comp] Comp. and [comp] Sup., we find in [dialect] Ion. the forms -έστερος, -έστατος, Hdt. 1.8, 133, Hecat. ap. Eust.1441.15, Eus.Mynd.4.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σπουδαῖος
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37 στοά
στοά, ᾶς, ἡ, SIG29 (Attic, found at Delphi, vi/v B.C.), al., IG12.115.7, al.; also [full] στοιά (in anapaest. verse) Ar.Ec. 676, 684, 686, and in some dialect Inscrr., IG12(3).170.22 ([place name] Astypalaea), 42(1).115.20 (prob., Epid., iv/iii B.C.), Ρχ. Ἐφ.1913.227 ([place name] Lesbos); [full] στωϊά Inscr.Magn. 67.6 (Cnossian decree, iii/ii B.C.), IG12(2).14.2, al. (Mytil.):—A roofed colonnade, cloister, Hdt.3.52, Th.4.90,8.90, X.HG5.2.29, 7.4.31, Ev.Jo.10.23, CPHerm.94.3 (iii A.D.), etc.II at Athens,2 ἡ στοιὰ ἡ βασίλειος the court where the βασιλεύς sat, ib. 684; ἡ τοῦ βασιλέως ς. Pl.Tht. 210d, cf. Euthphr.2a, Paus.1.3.1, 1.14.6, Poll.8.86; σ. βασιλική at Thera, IG12(3).326.19.3 ἡ στοὰ ἡ ποικίλη, v. ποικίλος 11.3: also ἡ ς. alone, And.1.85; so οἱ ἀπὸ τῆς ς., of the Stoics (since Zeno taught there), Placit.1.5.1, S.E.M.9.11, Gal.10.15, etc.; οἱ ἐκ τῆς ς. Id.18(1).259: also ἡ Σ. alone, the Stoic school, Phld.Rh.2.68S.4 of other porticoes,ἡ σ. ἡ τῶν Ἑρμῶν Aeschin.3.183
; ἡ μακρὰ ς. D.34.37; ἡ τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Ἐλευθερίου ς. Pl.Thg. 121a. -
38 σύστημα
A whole compounded of several parts or members, system, Pl.Epin. 991e, Arist.GA 740a20; of the composite whole of soul and body, Epicur.Ep.1p.21U.;τὸ ὅλον σ. τοῦ σώματος D.H. Rh.10.6
.b in literary sense, composition, ἐποποιικὸν σ. [ πραγμάτων] Arist.Po. 1456a11; λυρικὰ ς. SIG660.3 (Delph., ii B.C.);τέχνη ἐστὶ σ. ἐκ καταλήψεων συγγεγυμνασμένων Zeno Stoic.1.21
, cf. Arr.Epict.1.20.5; of the syllogism, S.E.P.2.173.2 organized government, constitution, Pl.Lg. 686b, Arist.EN 1168b32;σ. δημοκρατίας Plb.2.38.6
, cf. 6.10.14; τὸ ἐκ θεῶν καὶ σοφῶν ς. Diog.Bab.Stoic.3.241; confederacy,σ. τῶν Ἀχαιῶν Plb.2.41.15
, cf. 9.28.2; τὸ Ἀμφικτιονικὸν ς. SIG 761 A 16 (Delph., i B.C.), Delph.3(1).480.16; band of partisans, J.AJ20.9.4; σ. τοῦ γένους ἡμῶν, of a Jewish community, Id.Ap.1.7:—it seems to have meant also a company or guild, CIG2508 (Cos, [dialect] Dor. [full] σύστα-μα), 2562 ([place name] Hierapytna), 2699 ([place name] Mylasa); or a committee, τῆς γερουσίας ib.2930 ([place name] Tralles).3 body of soldiers, corps, usu. of a definite number, like τάγμα, σύνταγμα, σ. μισθοφόρων, ἱππέων, etc., Plb.1.81.11, 30.25.8, etc.; but τὸ τῆς φάλαγγος ς. the phalanx itself, Id.5.53.3.4 generally,flock, herd, Plb.12.4.10;τὰ βασιλικὰ σ. τῶν ἱπποτροφιῶν Id.10.27.2
.5 college of priests or magistrates, Id.21.13.11, Str.17.1.29, etc.; of the Roman Senate, Plu. Rom.13, cf. Lib.Or.11.146.6 in Music, system of intervals, scale, Pl.Phlb. 17d; σ. ἐναρμόνια, ὀκτάχορδα, Aristox.Harm.p.2 M., cf. Ph.1.10, Plu.2.1142f, Cleonid.Harm.1.7 in Metre, metrical system, as in Anapaestics, Heph. Poë.3.8 Medic., accumulation of sediment, Hp.Epid.7.83; τὰ τῶν ὑδάτων ς. LXX Ge.1.10 (v.l. συστέματα), cf. Ezek.Exag. 134, Sotion p.183 W.9 Medic., the pulse-beats taken collectively, Gal.9.279.10 machine, apparatus, Apollod.Poliorc.138.13.--The word first occurs in Hp. and Pl., but is chiefly used in later Prose.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σύστημα
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39 φαντασία
A appearing, appearance, = τὸ φαίνεσθαι, πάντες ἐφίενται τοῦ φαινομένου ἀγαθοῦ, τῆς δὲ φ. οὐ κύριοι do not control the appearing, Arist.EN 1114a32; usu. with less verbal force, appearance, presentation to consciousness, whether immediate or in memory, whether true or illusory,φαίνεται μὲν ὁ ἥλιος ποδιαῖος, ἀντίφησι δὲ πολλάκις ἕτερόν τι πρὸς τὴν φ. Id.Insomn. 460b19
; ἡ τοῦ γάλακτος φ. the appearance of the milky way, Id.Mete. 339a35;ἡ τοῦ προσώπου φ. Phld.Acad.Ind. p.50
M.; esp. of visual images, ἐπεὶ ἡ ὄψις μάλιστα αἴσθησίς ἐστι, καὶ τὸ ὄνομα ἀπὸ τοῦ φάους εἴληφεν [ἡ φ.] Arist. de An. 429a2; κατοπτρικὴ φ. image reflected in a mirror, Placit.3.1.2; also of other sense=perceptions, φ. καὶ αἴσθησις ταὐτὸν ἔν τε θερμοῖς καὶ πᾶσι τοῖς τοιούτοις appearance is the same as perception, whether we are talking of hot things or of anything else like them, Pl.Tht. 152c, cf. Chrysipp.Stoic.2.21;ταῦτα ἔστι μέν τι, ἀλλ' οὐχ ὧν ἐμποιεῖ τὴν φ. Arist.Metaph. 1024b24
;ἡ φ. ἐστὶν αἴσθησίς τις ἀσθενής.. κἂν τῷ ἐλπίζοντι ἀκολουθοῖ ἂν φ. τις οὗ ἐλπίζει Id.Rh. 1370a28
;αἱ [αἰσθήσεις] ἀληθεῖς ἀεί, αἱ δὲ φ. γίνονται αἱ πλείους ψευδεῖς Id.de An. 428a12
;φ. ἀληθεῖς ἁπάσας Epicur.Fr. 254
;ἀπελθόντων τῶν αἰσθητῶν ἔνεισιν αἱ αἰσθήσεις καὶ φ. ἐν τοῖς αἰσθητηρίοις Arist. de An. 425b25
; διὰ τὸ ἐμμένειν [τὰς φ.] καὶ ὁμοίας εἶναι ταῖς αἰσθήσεσι ib. 429a5;τῆς αἰσθήσεως ἀλλοιουμένης ἐξ ἧς γίνεσθαι τὴν φ. Thphr.Sens.63
;ἐλέγχειν τὰς ἀλλήλων φ. καὶ δόξας Pl.Tht. 161e
; freq. in later Philos. esp. in meaning psychic image, Epicur.Ep.1p.12U., S.E.M.7.152, M.Ant.4.24, al.; defined asτύπωσις ἐν ψυχῇ Chrysipp.Stoic.2.23
;φ. καταληπτική Zeno Stoic. 1.17
, etc.; [φ. κ.] ἢν κριτήριον εἶναι τῶν πραγμάτων φασί, τὴν γιγνομένην ἀπὸ ὑπάρχοντος κατ' αὐτὸ τὸ ὑπάρχον ἐναπεσφραγισμένην Stoic. 2.21
, cf. 26, al.; διανοητικαὶ φ. mental images, Cic.Fam.15.16.1;νυκτεριναὶ φ. Phlp.
in de An.486.13, cf. Gp.12.17.15; apparition, Arist.Mir. 846a37.b less scientifically, appearance, ἐμποιοῦντα τὴν φ. (sc. τοῦ ἐλέγχειν) Id.SE 165b25;τὸ παράδοξον τῆς τῶν ζῴων φ. Plb. 3.53.8
, cf. 5.48.9, App.BC4.102, Hann.15;κατὰ τὴν πρώτην φ. Plb.11.27.7
; συναύξειν τὴν φ. [τῆς νίκης] Id.16.8.3;δουλεύοντες τῇ τῶν ἐκτὸς φ. Id.30.19.4
;φ. ποιεῖν καὶ προσδοκίαν Id.18.10.7
, cf. 14.2.4; ζῷα.. μέχρι φ. φαινόμενα (in a conjuring trick) Cels. ap. OrigenesCels.1.68;κατὰ τὴν πρόχειρον οὑτωσὶ φ. Gal.6.105
, cf. 15.17,115, 19.206;τῶν ἀπεπτούντων ἐνίοις φ... γίνονται Id.18(2).73
, cf. 71, al.2 imagination, i.e. the re-presentation of appearances or images, primarily derived from sensation (cf.αἴσθησις 11
), ὅταν μὴ καθ' αὑτὸ ἀλλὰ δι' αἰσθήσεως παρῇ τινι τὸ τοιοῦτον αὖ πάθος (sc. δόξα) ἆρ' οἷόν τε ὀρθῶς εἰπεῖν ἕτερόν τι πλὴν φ.;.. φαίνεται δὲ ὃ λέγομεν (i.e. φαντασία)σύμμειξις αἰσθήσεως καὶ δόξης Pl.Sph. 264a
, 264b;οὐδὲ δόξα μετ' αἰσθήσεως οὐδὲ δι' αἰσθήσεως οὐδὲ συμπλοκὴ δόξης καὶ αἰσθήσεως φ. ἂν εἴη Arist. de An. 428a26
; ἡ φ. καθ' ἣν λέγομεν φάντασμά τι ἡμῖν γίγνεσθαι ib. 428a1;ἔστι δὲ φ. ἡ ὑπὸ τῆς κατ' ἐνέργειαν αἰσθήσεως γινομένη κίνησις Id.Insomn. 459a17
, cf. de An. 429a1; εἰ ἔστι καὶ τοῦτο [τὸ νοεῖν] φ. τις ἢ μὴ ἄνευ φ. ib. 403a8; c. gen.,μέλλοντος κακοῦ Id.Rh. 1382a21
, cf. 1370a30, b33, al.;αἰσχροῦ φ. Cic.Att.9.6.5
; alsoπερὶ ἀδοξίας φ. ἐστὶν ἡ αἰσχύνη Arist.Rh. 1384a23
; γίγνεται ἑκάστῳ φ. ὅτι τοιοῦτός [ἐστι] ib. 1371a9;ἡ κατὰ τὴν σύλληψιν φ. τῆς γυναικός Placit.5.12.2
, cf. Sor.1.39 (pl.); τὰ πρὸς τὴν φ. χρώματα colours as judged by the φ., apparent colours, Placit.1.15.8; φωτίζεσθαι πρὸς τὴν φ. ib.2.28.6.b in Aristotle, faculty of imagination, both presentative and representative, opp.αἴσθησις, [φ.] οὐκ ἔστιν αἴσθησις Arist.de An. 428a5
; opp. δόξα, because πίστις is absent, ib.22, 24; opp. ἐπιστήμη, νοῦς, διάνοια, οὐδὲ [φ.] τῶν ἀεὶ ἀληθευόντων οὐδεμία ἔσται, οἷον ἐπιστήμη ἢ νοῦς ib. 428a17; φ. ἕτερον καὶ αἰσθήσεως καὶ διανοίας· αὐτή τε οὐ γίγνεται ἄνευ αἰσθήσεως καὶ ἄνευ ταύτης οὐκ ἔστιν ὑπόληψις ib. 427b14;φ. γίνεται ἢ διὰ νοήσεως ἢ δι' αἰσθήσεως Id.MA 702a19
;ὀρεκτικὸν [τὸ ζῷον] οὐκ ἄνευ φ., φ. δὲ πᾶσα ἢ λογιστικὴ ἢ αἰσθητική Id.de An. 433b28
.c creative imagination,φ. σοφωτέρα μιμήσεως δημιουργός Philostr.VA6.19
.3 the use of imagery in literature,τεθορύβηται ταῖς φ. μᾶλλον ἢ δεδείνωται Longin.3.1
;ἡ ῥητορικὴ φ. Id.15.2
;ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀποδεικτικοῦ περιελκόμεθα εἰς τὸ κατὰ φαντασίαν ἐκπληκτικόν Id.15.11
;αἱ ποιητικαὶ φ. Plu.2.759c
;ἐς τὰς φ. τῶν λεγομένων τῷ σχήματι τοῦ σώματος συνεφέροντο App.Pun. 134
, cf. Hisp.26, Syr.40.4 prestige, reputation,μεγάλην ἐφείλκετο φ. ὡς μόνος εἰδὼς τί λέγει Plb.22.9.12
, cf. 24.7.2, 24.11.5, Fr. 233;ἐκ τοῦ τοὺς ἄλλους ἐλέγχειν φ. ἀπενέγκασθαι προαιρούμενος Hipparch.1.1.6
; parade, ostentation,ποιέειν μηδὲν περιέργως μηδὲ μετὰ φαντασίης Hp.Decent.7
, cf. Plb.15.25.22, 16.21.1, 31.26.6, Posidon.36 J., D.S.12.83, Vett.Val.38.26, al.;ἡ ἐφήμερος τῆς ἀρχῆς φ. Sopat.
ap. Stob.4.5.55;μετὰ πολλῆς φ. Act.Ap. 25.23
, cf. D.L.4.53.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φαντασία
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40 φυσικός
A natural, produced or caused by nature, inborn, native, once in X.,Mem.3.9.1, not in Pl., freq. in Arist. (τὰ περὶ γένεσιν φ. Ph. 191a3
, al.), and later Prose; opp. διδακτός, X. l.c.; opp. νομικός (conventional), ; ἡ φ. χρῆσις, opp. ἡ παρὰ φύσιν, Ep.Rom.1.26; of style, natural, simple,ἀληθὲς καὶ φ. χρῶμα D.H.Th.42
; τὸ φ., opp. τὸ τεχνικόν, ib.34: φ. υἱός, = ὁ ἐκ πορνείας γεγονώς, opp. γνήσιος, Thom.Mag.p.362 R.;υἱὸς γνήσιος καὶ φ. PLips.28.18
(iv A. D.). Adv. - κῶς by nature, naturally, κινητόν, κινεῖσθαι, Arist.Ph. 201a24, Cael. 307b32;ὠχυρωμένη φ. λίμνῃ D.S.20.55
;ἀκατασκεύως καὶ φ. Plb.6.4.7
, etc.2 belonging to growth, Stoic.2.205, al.3 φ. ὀδόντες milk-teeth, Nicom. ap. Theol.Ar.49.II of or concerning the order of external nature, natural, physical,ἡ φ. ἐπιστήμη Arist.PA 640a2
; φ. φιλοσοφία ib. 653a9;ἡ φ. Id.Metaph. 1026a6
, etc.; opp. μαθηματική, θεολογική, ib. 1064b2; τὰ φ. ib. 1026a4; οἱ φ. λόγοι f.l. for οἱ φυσιολόγοι, Id.EN 1154b7; φ. προτάσεις, opp. ἠθικαί, λογικαί, Id.Top. 105b21; τὸ φ., τὸ ἠθικόν, τὸ λογικόν, the three branches of philosophy, Zeno Stoic.1.15, etc., cf. S.E.P.2.13; τὰ πρῶτα καὶ -ώτατα the primal elements of things, Plu.2.395d.2ὁ φ.
an inquirer into nature, natural philosopher,Arist.
de An. 403a28, PA 641a21, Metaph. 1005a34;περὶ πασῶν [τῶν αἰτιῶν] εἰδέναι τοῦ φ. Id.Ph. 198a22
, cf. Metaph. 1026a5: esp. of the Ionic and other pre-Socratic philosophers, Id.Ph. 184b17, 187a12, 205a5, al.: also ὁ φ., of Epicurus, Phylarch. 24J.; ὁ φυσικώτατος, of Thales, Luc.Ner.4.b army surgeon, dub. in IG12.950.153.3 ἡ φ. ἀκρόασις, title of a treatise by Arist.; τὰ φυσικά, a name given to his physical treatises, Id.Ph. 267b21, Metaph. 1042b8;ἐπιτομὴ φυσικῶν Id.Pr. 10t
it.4 Adv.- κῶς
according to the laws of nature,Id.
Ph. 198a23; opp. λογικῶς, ib. 204b10: [comp] Comp.- ώτερον εἰπεῖν Id.GC 335b25
.III later, belonging to occult laws of nature, magical, φ. φάρμακα spells or amulets, Alex. Trall.1.15;φυσικοῖς χρῆσθαι Gp.2.18.8
; φ. θεραπεία ib.2.42.3; φ. δακτύλιοι Sch.Ar.Pl. 884. Adv.- κῶς Gp.9.1.5
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φυσικός
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