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61 μαστός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `nipple, motherbreast, breast', metaph. `hill, hight', also name of a beaker (Apollod. Cyren. ap. Ath. 11, 487b, Oropos, Delos); cf. Jaeger RhM 102, 337ff. (on the use in Clem. Al. and Ph.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. φιλό-μαστος `breastloving' (A.), γυναικό-μαστος (- θος) `with female breasts' (medic.), δεκά-μαζος `with ten breasts' ( Epigr. Gr.); μαστό-δε-τον n. `breast-band' (AP); cf. e.g. ἀκμό-θε-τον.Derivatives: Diminutives: μαστίον `small cup' (Oropos), μαστάριον `id.' (Delos), also `small breast' (Alciphr.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The attempt to reduce μαζός, μαστός, μασθός to three different pre-forms, IE * mad-dos, * mad-tos, * mad-dhos, (Schrader KZ 30, 476; also [IE *th \> θ] Specht Ursprung 224 f., 231), does not recognise the familiar character of the word. The only late attested μασθός can be explained easily as reshaping after words with comparable meaning or associated words like στῆθος (WP. 2, 231), κύσθος, βρόχθος (s. v. sub βρόξαι). The older μαζός and μαστός can be derived with i̯o- ( do-?) resp. to-suffix from the root of μαδάω, but semantically this connection is rather non-committal, which is true also for the comparison with OHG mast `fattening, (Germ.) Eichelmast, fodder'. The nasalized form mand- `suckle, breast' (Alb. mënt `suckle, suck' posited by WP. 2, 232) is quite hypothetical; cf. W.-Hofmann s. mannus. Remote connection with the nursery word mā (s. μάμμη) is as well possible. - If the form is Pre-Greek, mazdos mastos only differ in voice: non voiced (and aspirated in masthos),which are no phonemic distinction in Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,183Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μαστός
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62 ῥίζα
ῥίζα, ης, ἡ (on the formation s. Schwyzer I 352, cp. Lat. radix; Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX; OdeSol 11:16b; TestJud 24:5; Philo; Jos., Ant. 3, 174 al.; Tat. 12, 3f).① the underground part of a plant, rootⓐ lit. Mt 3:10; Lk 3:9; Hs 9, 1, 6; 9, 21, 1. ἐκ ῥιζῶν to its roots, root and branch (Heraclid. Pont., Fgm. 50 W.; Plut., Pomp. 629 [21, 3]; Polyaenus 2, 1, 10; Job 31:12; Aesop, Fab. 70 P.=101 Ch./71 H-H.) Mk 11:20. ῥίζαν ἔχειν have (deep) root(s) Mt 13:6; Mk 4:6 (Theophr., HP 6, 6, 7 πολλὴν ἔχουσα ῥίζαν; Reader, Polemo p. 372).ⓑ in imagery and transferred sense (LXX; oft. Philo; SibOr 3, 396): in the parable οὐκ ἔχειν ῥίζαν (ἐν ἑαυτῷ) have no firm root and hence be easily inclined to fall away Mt 13:21; Mk 4:17; Lk 8:13.—In Paul’s figure of the olive tree, its root and branches Ro 11:16–18. On ῥίζας βάλλειν 1 Cl 39:8 (Job 5:3) s. βάλλω 3c.—Of the beginnings fr. which someth. grows (Socrat., Ep. 14, 2; Herm. Wr. 4, 10): a family or nation (Ael. Aristid. 30, 16 K.=10 p. 120 D.; OGI 383, 30f [I B.C.] ἐμοῦ γένους ῥίζα) ἐκκόπτειν ἐκ ῥιζῶν root out, destroy root and branch B 12:9 (cp. ἐκ ῥιζῶν ἐξαιρεῖν Jos, Ant. 9, 181). ῥίζα πικρίας Hb 12:15 (πικρία 1). ῥ. πάντων τῶν κακῶν 1 Ti 6:10 (cp. SibOr 3, 234; Constantin. Manasses 2, 9 H.: φθόνος ἡ ῥίζα τῶν κακῶν; Himerius, Ecl. 32, 5 W.: παιδεία ῥίζα τῶν ἀγαθῶν; Straub 31). τῆς πίστεως ῥ. Pol 1:2 (cp. Epicurus in Athen. 12, 67 p. 546f [HUsener, Epicurea 1887 p. 278, 10] ἀρχὴ καὶ ῥίζα παντὸς ἀγαθοῦ; Plut., Mor., 4b πηγὴ καὶ ῥίζα καλοκἀγαθίας; Sir 1:6, 20 ῥ. σοφίας; Wsd 15:3 ῥ. ἀθανασίας).② that which grows from a root, shoot, scion, in our lit. in imagery descendant (Diod S 26, 16a μηδὲ ῥίζαν ἀπολιπεῖν συγγενείας=not a single scion of the family should survive; Ps.-Apollod. 2, 1, 4, 2 ʼ Αγήνωρ τῆς μεγάλης ῥίζης ἐγένετο γενεάρχης=the progenitor of the strong offshoot; Sir 40:15; 1 Macc 1:10) of the Messiah ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ Ἰεσσαί the Scion from Jesse Ro 15:12 (Is 11:10); ἡ ῥίζα Δαυίδ (cp. Sir 47:22) Rv 5:5; cp. 22:16. ὡς ῥίζα ἐν γῇ διψώσῃ 1 Cl 16:3 (Is 53:2).③ Hs 9, 30, 1f speaks of the ῥίζαι τοῦ ὄρους (of a mountain, hill, etc. as its foot: Aeschyl., Prom. 365 [pl.]; Polyb. 2, 66, 10; Diod S 20, 41, 3; Plut., Sulla 461 [16, 1]; Jos., Bell. 5, 239).—B. 523. DELG. M-M. TW. -
63 νῶτον
A ): the gender of thesg. is undetermined in Hom. and Hes. ; neut. in Pi.P.1.28, 4.83, E.Cyc. 237, 643, Ar.Eq. 289, Pax 747, Antiph.132.6 (anap.), and always in [dialect] Att. acc. to Phryn. 257, etc.: acc. νῶτον is masc. in Hp.Prorrh.2.<*>0,40, X.Eq.3.3 (as cited by Hdn.Gr.1.215), Arist.HA 512b17, 544a6, Ephor.224J. :—back, both cf men and animals: sg., of a man, Il.5.147, 13.289, etc. ; of a boar, φρίσσεινῶτον ib. 473 ;ν... ὄϊος καὶ πίονος αἰγός 9.207
; of horses,ἐπὶ νῶτον ἐῗσαι 2.765
; of an eagle, Pi.P.1.9 : pl. freq. used in Poets in sense of sg.,δράκων ἐπὶ νῶτα δαφοινός Il.2.308
, cf. Od.6.225, etc.: sts. in [dialect] Ep. of the chine of an animal served as food, νῶτα βοὸς.. πίονα ib.4.65 ; , cf. Il.7.321 ; of men in battle, τὰ νῶτα ἐντρέψαι to turn the back, i.e. flee, Hdt.7.211 ; νῶτον ἐπιστρέψαι Orac.ib. 141 ;σν μὴ δῷς ν. μηδενί PTeb.21.8
(ii B. C.) ;δοτέον τὰ ν. Plu.2.787f
;δεῖξαι νῶτα Id.Marc.12
(this phrase also of the winner in a race, AP9.557 (Antip. Thess.)) ;πίπτειν ἐπὶ νώτῳ A. Supp.91
(lyr.) ; κατὰ νώτου in rear,κατὰ νώτου γενέσθαι τινός Hdt.1.9
, 10 ; τὸ στρατόπεδον κατὰ ν. λαβεῖν ib.75 ;κατὰ ν. βοηθεῖν Th.1.62
, etc. ;κατὰ νῶτα Theoc.22.84
; back of the finger, Procop. Gaz.Ecphr. 168.11.II metaph., any wide surface, esp. of the sea,ἐπ' εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης Il.2.159
, Od.3.142, cf. Hes.Th. 762 ;ἐν νώτοισι ποντίας ἁλός E.Hel. 129
; πόντου 'πὶ νώτοις ib. 774 ; also of the land,σχίζε ν. γᾶς Pi.P.4.228
, cf. 26 ;χθονὸς ν. E.IT46
; of the sky,ἀστεροειδέα ν. αἰθέρος Id.Fr. 114a
p.Ar.Th. 1067(lyr.) ;ἐπὶ τῷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ν. Pl.Phdr. 247c
; but ἕσπερα ν. the evening, i.e. western, sky, E.El. 731(lyr.). -
64 κόλος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: of cows and goats `hornless, with not fullgrown horns' (Hdt., TheoC., Nic., H.), of a spear `without point' (Π 117), of battle `broken off' (sch. as name of Θ).Compounds: As 1. member in κόλουρος `with short tail' (Plu.), as mathem. and astron. term `stump' (Hipparch. Astr., Hero, Nicom.); with κολουραῖος `broken off, steep' ( πέτρα, Call.), κολούρα `hill etc.' (Hermione, Epid.), κολουρίᾳ τῃ̃ ἀποτομίᾳ, κολουρῖτις γῆ. Σικελοί H., κολούρωσις = κολόβωσις (Iamb.); Lat. LW [loanword] clūra `ape' (W.-Hofmann s. v., Leumann Sprache 1, 206 n. 8). -Derivatives: After κόλ-ουρος prob.(?) κόλ-ερος `with short-sheared wool-fleece' (Arist.; oppos. εὔ-, ἔπ-ερος; s. εἶρος); further κολόχειρ χείραργος H. - Derived from κόλος or closely related two verbs: 1. κολάζω, κολάσαι, rarely with συν-, ἀντι-, προ-, `wring in, chastise, punish, cut' (IA); prob. denomin. κόλασις `chastisment' (IA.), - ασμα (Ar., X.), - ασμός (Plu.) `id.'; κολαστής `punisher' (trag., also Pl., Lys.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 36f.), also κολαστήρ `id.' (Arr.), with f. κολάστρια (Ezek.), κολάστειρα (AP); κολαστήριον, adj. - ος `punishment, punishing' (X., Ph.), κολαστικός `punishing' (Pl.). - 2. κολούω, κολοῦσαι, somet. with περι-, κατα-, ἀπο-, `mutilate, limit' (Il.); formation unclear; (cf. Schwyzer 683, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 374; s. also on κωλύω). From it κόλουσις `docking, cutting short' (Arist.), κολούσματα κλάσματα H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The archaic and dying κόλος, which was in a way replaced by the expressive form κολοβός, partly also by κόλ-ουρος, belongs as verbal noun to a Balto-Slavic, in Greek replaced by κολάπτω (s. v.) primary verb meaning `beat, hew, cut off, break off', which left in Greek several continuants, s. κλάω, κελεός m. (uncertain, improbable). The remarkable barytonesis (Schwyzer 459) may be connected with the passive meaning; perhaps κόλος was like stump orig. a substantive. A formal parallel is OCS kolъ `πάσσαλος', Russ. kol `pole' (prop. "splitoff, cut off piece of wood"?; cf. σκῶλος `pointed pole' to σκάλλω?); with lengthened grade Lith. kuõlas `pole'. - The further history of κόλος is uncertain because the word is not often attested; so we don't know, whether we must start from a general meaning like `stump' or from a word with a special meaning, like `hornless' (from *`broken off' v. t.); cf. the history of κόλουρος.- The parallels adduced are not very convincing; the verbs κολάπτω, κολούω, of unclear formation, point rather to a Pre-Greek complex.Page in Frisk: 1,902-903Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόλος
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65 Σιών
Σιών, ἡ indecl. (צִיּוֹן; LXX; PsSol 11:1; TestSol; ParJer 7:33; Mel., P. 7, 47; on the sp. s. B-D-F §38; 56, 3; cp. Mlt-H. 149) Zion, of① Mt. Zion, a hill within the city of Jerusalem (Dalman, PJ 11, 1915, 39ff. S. Ἱεροσόλυμα 1) τὸ ὄρος Σιών, the place where the Lamb is standing w. his people Rv 14:1. In imagery as a counterpart to Sinai (cp. Gal 4:24–26; Ps.-Cyprian, De Montibus Sina et Sion: Cyprian III p. 104ff Hartel) Hb 12:22 (cp. Mel., P. 47 ὁ νόμος λόγος ἐγένετο … συνεξελθὼν ἐκ Ζιὼν καὶ Ἱερουσαλήμ).② the city of Jerusalem (Jer 3:14 et al.; cp. 11 Qps 22:1–15). ἡ θυγάτηρ Σιών of the city of Jerus. and its inhabitants (s. θυγάτηρ 4) Mt 21:5; J 12:15 (both Zech 9:9; s. SibOr 324).③ the people of Godⓐ the people of Israel, whose center is Jerus. Ro 9:33; B 6:2 (both Is 28:16); Ro 11:26 (Is 59:20).ⓑ the New Jerus. of prophetic promise 1 Pt 2:6 (Is 28:16).—BHHW III 2242f. M-M. EDNT. TW. -
66 ταπεινόω
ταπεινόω (ταπεινός) fut. ταπεινώσω; 1 aor. ἐταπείνωσα. Pass.: 1 fut. ταπεινωθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐταπεινώθην; pf. ptc. τεταπεινωμένος (Hippocr. et al.; LXX; En 106:1; EpArist 257; Philo, Joseph.) gener. ‘lower, make low’① to cause to be at a lower point, lower (Diod S 1, 36, 8; Bar 5:7; En 1:6; PsSol 11:4) ὄρος, βουνόν level a mountain, hill Lk 3:5 (Is 40:4).② to cause someone to lose prestige or status, humble, humiliate, abase, done esp. to slaves, fig. ext. of 1ⓐ w. focus on reversal of status ταπ. ἑαυτόν humble oneself of Christ, who went voluntarily to his death Phil 2:8 (s. on the whole pass. the lit. s.v. ἁρπαγμός and κενόω 1b; also KThieme, D. ταπεινοφροσύνη Phil 2 u. Ro 12: ZNW 8, 1907, 9–33). Of Paul, who did not hesitate to work w. his hands degrade 2 Cor 11:7. ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὑψωθήσεται (ταπ. … ὑψόω: Chilon in Diog. L. 1, 69) Mt 23:12b; cp. Lk 14:11b; 18:14b (s. also 2b below). Also the pass. (Hyperid. 6, 10; Jos., Ant. 18, 147) Mt 23:12a; Lk 14:11a; 18:14a (cp. X., An. 6, 3, 18 θεὸς τοὺς μεγαληγορήσαντας ταπεινῶσαι βούλεται).ⓑ w. focus on shaming, w. acc. of pers. or thing treated in this manner (Diod S 8, 25, 1; Orig., C. Cels. 3, 62, 29) μὴ ταπεινώσῃ με ὁ θεὸς πρὸς ὑμᾶς that God may not humiliate me before you 2 Cor 12:21. κύριος ὁ θεὸς ἐταπείνωσέν με σφόδρα the Lord God has profoundly shamed me GJs 2:3. τὶ ἐταπείνωσας τὴν ψυχήν σοὺ; Why have you so disgraced yourself? GJs 13:2; 15:3.ⓒ w. focus on punitive aspect (Diod S 13, 24, 6 Tyche [Fortune] ταπεινοῖ τοὺς ὑπερηφάνους; Cyranides p. 49, 12 ἐχθρούς) confound, overthrow τοὺς ὑψηλούς 1 Cl 59:3b; ὕβριν ὑπερηφάνων vs. 3a. Cp. B 4:4f (Da 7:24).—ταπεινόω can also refer to external losses, approx. = ‘hold down, harm’ (Petosiris, Fgm. 6 ln. 21 [act.] and 24 [pass.]).③ to cause to be or become humble in attitude, humble, make humble in a favorable sense (Philod., περὶ κακιῶν col. 22, 3 = p. 38 Jensen ἑαυτόν; Celsus 3, 62 αὑτόν) ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὡς τὸ παιδίον τοῦτο Mt 18:4. So perh. also 23:12b; Lk 14:11b; 18:14b (s. 2a above). ταπεινοῦσθαι humble oneself, become humble (Menand., Fgm. 754, 6 Kö.=544, 6 Kock τὴν θεὸν ἐξιλάσαντο τῷ ταπεινοῦσθαι σφόδρα; Sir 18:21; GrBar 7:5 ἐταπεινώθην φόβῳ μεγάλῳ) ταπεινώθητε ἐνώπιον κυρίου Js 4:10. ταπεινώθητε ὑπὸ τὴν χεῖρα τοῦ θεοῦ bow down beneath the hand of God (cp. Gen 16:9) 1 Pt 5:6. καρδία τεταπεινωμένη a humbled heart 1 Cl 18:17 (Ps 50:19). ψυχὴ τεταπεινωμένη B 3:5 (Is 58:10.—Cp. Diod S 20, 53, 3 τῇ ψυχῇ ταπεινωθείς; 20, 77, 3 ἐταπεινώθη τὴν ψυχήν). Corresp. ὀστᾶ τεταπεινωμένα 1 Cl 18:8 (Ps 50:10).—KThieme, D. christl. Demut I (history of the word, and humility in Jesus) 1906; DFyffe, ET 35, 1924, 377–79. S. also πραΰτης, end.④ to subject to strict discipline, constrain, mortify. In accordance w. OT usage, ταπεινοῦν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ψυχήν (Lev 16:29, 31; 23:27; Ps 34:13; Is 58:3 al.) or ταπεινοῦσθαι (Sir 34:26; 2 Esdr 8:21; the prayers for vengeance fr. Rheneia [Dssm., LO 353f, LAE 413ff=SIG 1181, 11] θεὸς ᾧ πᾶσα ψυχὴ ταπεινοῦται; s. Dssm., LO 357f, LAE 419) means to mortify oneself GJs 2:2; B 3:1, 3 (Is 58:5); Hm 4, 2, 2 (s. ταπεινοφροσύνη). οἶδα ταπεινοῦσθαι (opp. περισσεύειν) of an austere regimen: I know how to do w. little (cp. ταπεινός Pla. Leg. 762e; s. also Plut., Mor. 7e) Phil 4:12.—WCvanUnnik, Zur Bedeutung von ταπεινοῦν τὴν ψυχήν bei den Apost. Vätern, ZNW 44, ’52f, 250–55. On the whole word: ESchweizer, Erniedrigung u. Erhöhung bei Jesus u. s. Nachfolgern ’55.—DELG s.v. ταπεινός. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
67 λύω
+ V 2-1-5-10-15=33 Gn 42,27; Ex 3,5; Jos 5,15; Is 5,27; 14,17A: to loose, to untie (bounds) [τι] Jb 39,5; to unbind, to unfasten, to open (a sack) [τι] Gn 42,27; to untie, to loose(sandals) [τι] Ex 3,5; to untie, to loose, to set free (the devil) [τινα] TobS 3,17; to deliver [τινα] Jb 5,20; to loose [τινα] Ps 145 (146),7; to break down, to destroy [τι] 1 Ezr 1,52; to bring to an end, to relieve (pains) [τι] Jb 39,2; to weaken [τινα] Ps 101(102),21; to relax, to unstring (the sinews) [τι] 4 Mc 7,13; to forgive (sins) [τι] Jb 42,9; to turn away [τι] 1 Ezr 9,13M: to dishevel (hair) [τι] 3 Mc 1,4ἐν τῷ λῦσαι τὸν νόμον when he opened the (book of the) law, when he explained or set forth the law 1 Ezr 9,46; οἳ ἔλυσαν μήτραν παρθένου who loosened, opened up the womb of a virgin (used euph- emistically of sexual intercourse) Jdt 9,2, cpr. Am 1,11Cf. BASSER 1985, 297-300; HILL 1967, 49; MOORE 1985, 191; →TWNT(→ἀναλύω, ἀπολύω, διαλύω, ἐκλύω, καταλύω, παραλύω, περιλύω, συλλύω, ὑπολύω,,) -
68 μαστός
μαστός, ὁ, [dialect] Ep., [dialect] Ion. [full] μαζός, Hom., Hdt. (exc. in 3.133, 5.18, where codd. give μαστός; twice in codd. of Trag., A.Ch. 531, E.Ba. 701); [dialect] Dor. [full] μασδός Theoc.3.16,48; later [full] μασθός LXX Is.32.12 (cod.A), al., Asclep. ap. Gal.13.934, Apoc.1.13 (v.l.), IG3.238A b, PMag.Lond.121.208, etc., also in codd. of A. Ch. 545:—usage contradicts the statement of Gramm. that μαζός is the man's breast, μαστός the woman's:— breast,δεξιτερὸν κατὰ μαζόν Il.5.393
; of men's breasts, ;βάλε στῆθος παρὰ μαζόν 8.121
, cf. Od.22.82, X.An.1.4.17, 4.3.6.2 more freq. of a woman's breast, μαζὸν ἀνέσχε, of Hecuba pleading with Hector, Il.22.80; εἴ ποτέ τοι λαθικηδέα μαζὸν ἐπέσχον ib.83; γυναῖκά τε θήσατο μαζόν sucked her breast, 24.58;πάϊς δέ οἱ ἦν ἐπὶ μαζῷ Od. 11.448
;σὺ δέ μ' ἔτρεφες.. τῷ σῷ ἐπὶ μαζῷ 19.483
; soφαίνουσαι τοὺς μαζούς Hdt.2.85
;τοὺς μ. ἀποταμοῦσα Id.4.202
;ἐπὶ τοῦ μαστοῦ ἔφυ φῦμα Id.3.133
;προὔκειτο μαστῶν περονίς S.Tr. 925
; προσέσχε μαζόν, of the mother, A.Ch. 531; μαστὸν ἀμφέχασκε, of the child, ib. 545, cf. 897;μαστῶν ἀποστάς S.El. 776
;πῶλον ἀφέλξων σῶν ἀπὸ μαστῶν E.Hec. 142
(anap.), etc.II metaph., any round, breast-shaped object:1 round hill, knoll, Pi.P.4.8, X.An.4.2.6, Call.Del.48.3 at Paphos, breast-shaped cup, Apollod. Cyren. ap. Ath.11.487b, cf. IG7.3498 ([place name] Oropus), 11(4).1307.21 ([place name] Delos). -
69 ἴδη
A timber-tree, in pl.,χώρη ὑψηλή τε καὶ ἴδῃσι συνηρεφής Hdt.1.110
;ὄρεα.. ἴδῃσι παντοίῃσι συνηρεφέα Id.7.111
, cf. 4.109, 175: in sg., wood, ἐν τῇ ἴδῃ τῇ πλείστῃ in the thick of the wood, Id.4.109;ἴδαν ἐς πολύδενδρον Theoc.17.9
; ἴδη ναυπηγήσιμος timber for.., Hdt.5.23: never in [dialect] Att.: also in late Prose, Philostr. Dial.2, VA3.4(s.v.l.).II pr. n., [full] Ἴδη, Ida, i.e. the wooded hill,1 in the Troad, Il.2.821, etc.: Adv. [full] Ἴδηθεν, from Ida, 4.475; [full] Ἴ. μεδέων ruling from I., 3.276:—Adj. [full] Ἰδαῖος, α, ον ([dialect] Aeol. [full] Ἴδαος as pr.n., Sapph.Supp. 20a.3),Ζεύς Il.16.605
;ὄρεα 8.170
, etc.; Ἰ. ῥίζα, a plant, Ruscus Hypoglossum, Dsc.4.44: also Ἰδαία alone,= δάφνη Ἀλεξάνδρεια, ib.145: Ἰ. Δάκτυλοι, prop. 'dwarfs of the forest', Hes.Fr. 176, Pherecyd.47 J., Hellanic.89 J., etc.; but Ἰ. δάκτυλος is a name for one of the fingers, PMag.Lond.46.455.2 in Crete, D.P.502, Paus.5.7.6.------------------------------------ἴδη, ἡ, -
70 ὄρος
ὄρος, εος, τό: gen. pl. ὀρέων (the form proper to [dialect] Ion. and other dialects) is required by the metre in E.Ba. 719 (iamb.) and freq. in lyr. verse, as S.OT 1106, and is alone used in LXX, Ge.8.5, al., cf. IG7.2225.18 (ii B. C.), Apoc.6.15; but ὀρῶν (the [dialect] Att. form) is required in A. Pr. 719, 811, Fr. 342, E.Ba. 791, and occurs in Th.3.24, Pl.Criti. 111c, SIG888.120 (Scaptopara, iii A. D.), etc.: the [dialect] Ep. and Lyr.forms οὔρεος, οὔρεϊ, οὔρεα, οὔρεσι prob. have οὐρ- metri gr. for ὀρ- (so ὤρεα, ὤρεος metri gr. in [dialect] Dor., Theoc.1.77, 115,4.35, Hymn.Is.162): the [dialect] Ion. form is ὀρ-, Od.9.21, al., Anacr.2.5,A v. ὄρειος ( οὔρεσιν is an Epicism in Semon.14.1, cf. οὔρη at end of a hexam., IG12(8).445.6 ([place name] Thasos)); ὄρος is found in codd. of Hdt.1.43, 2.8,12, 7.176 and should perh. be restd. elsewh.:—mountain, hill,ὄρεος κορυφῇσι Il.3.10
, al.;οὔρεος ἐν βήσσῃσιν 11.87
;ἐν ὄρεσσι 1.235
, al.;ἐν οὔρεσιν 24.614
, al.;τρέμε δ' οὔρεα μακρά 13.18
, etc.;Γαῖα.. γείνατο δ' Οὔρεα μακρά, θεῶν χαρίεντας ἐναύλους Hes.Th. 129
.2 canton, parish, ὄ. Ἀργειατᾶν, ὄ. Ὀγχνιάἱον, etc., Mnemos.42.332 (Argos, iv B.C.).3 in Egypt, desert, PTeb. 383.61 (i A. D.); as place of burial, POxy.274.27 (i A. D.), PRyl.153.5 (ii A. D.), PGrenf.2.77.22 (iii/iv A. D.).4 part of the foot, = τὸ ἄνω πρὸ τῶν δακτύλων, Poll.2.197.5 = ἀμίς, Sch.Ar.Ach.82. -
71 ἄκρος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `at the farthest point, topmost, outermost' (Il.). Old ἄκρα f., ἄκρον n. `highest or farthest point, headland, cape'; Hom. κατ' ἄκρης ( πόλιος) `from the highest point down' hence `completely, utterly', also κατ' ἄκρηθεν (which became κατὰ κρῆθεν through association with κάρα), s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 56ff.Compounds: ἀκρόπολις (Od.; the Iliad still has ἄκρη πόλις, Frisk IF 52, 282ff., Risch IF 59, 20); ἀκραής often interpreted as `blowing vehemently', but prob. orig.`blowing on\/from the heights'.Derivatives: ἄκρις, - ιος f. `hill-top, mountain peak' (Od.), always pl.; s. on ὄκρις. ἀκραῖος `dwelling on heights'.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [18] *h₂eḱ- `sharp, pointed; stone (?)'Etymology: The root *h₂eḱ- is widespread in IE, and ther are several r-derivatives: Skt. áśri- f. `corner, sharp side', catur-aśra- `quadrangular', Lat. ācer, - ris, -re (with unexplained length), W. PN Aχrotalus `with high forehead', OIr. ér `high', OLith. aštras, OCS ostrъ `sharp'. (For akro- in Illyrian s. Krahe Pannonia 1937, 310 n. 40, Karg WuS NF. 4, 183.) - Heth. ḫekur `rock(point)' is unrelated. - See further ἀκη, ἀκμή and ὄκρις. Connection with the root *h₂eḱ- was often unjustly assumed by modern scholarship, see e.g. ἀκαλήφη, ἀκόστη, ἄκορνα, ἀκριβής.Page in Frisk: 1,59-60Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄκρος
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72 ὀφρῦς
ὀφρῦς, - ύοςGrammatical information: f., most plur.Meaning: `the eyebrows', metaph. `elevated edge, brow of a hill' (Il.; details on the inflexion Schwyzer 571 β).Compounds: As 2. member a.o. in σύν-οφρυς `with grown together eyebrows' (Arist.).Derivatives: ὀφρύ-διον n. dimin. (H. s. ἐπισκύνιον, Theognost.), NGr. ( ὀ)φρύδι; ὀφρύη, -α `elevation' (Hdt., Argos) like ἰχθύ-η, -α a.o. (Schwyzer 463); - όεις `situated on an edge, terraced' (Χ 411; Bowra JHSt. 80, 18f.), - ώδης `protrusive' (Gal.). Denom. verbs: 1. ὀφρυ-όομαι `to be haughty' (Timo, Luc.) with - ωσις f. `elevation, edge' (Paul. Aeg.), older συν-οφρυόομαι `to knit one's brows' (S., E.); κατ- ὀφρῦς in κατωφρυωμένος `to be provided with brows' (Philestr. VA, Luc.); 2. - άζω `to beckon with the eyebrows', also as expression of pride (Amips. Com. V--IVa); 3. - άω `to be hilly' (Str.); 4. ὀφρυγνᾳ̃ ὁμοίως (i.e. = - άζει). Βοιωτοί H. (unclear; after ὀριγνάομαι? doubting Schwyzer 695 n. 2).Etymology: Old name of the eyebrows, except for the ὀ- identical with Skt. bhrū́-h, acc. bhrúv-am f.: IE *h₃bhruH́-s f.; thus from Celt. a. Germ. OIr. for-bru acc. pl., OS brū. Several enlargements: OCS brъv-ь, Lith. brùv-ė, -ìs, OWNo. brū-n, MPers. brū-k, Toch. B pärw-ā-ne (du.); also with dental in Av. brvat̃-byąm dat. pl. f., MIr. brūad gen. du. and in ἀβροῦτες ὀφρῦς. Μακεδόνες H. (Kretschmer Einleitung 287 w. n. 1 instead improbable (?) ἀβροῦϜες). -- Here also OHG brāwa f. `eyebrew', wint-prāwa `eyelash', which belongs with OS brāha `id.' to OE brǣw m. `eyebrew', OWNo. brā f. `eyelash' (more in WP. 2, 169, Pok. 142). Combinations to be rejected by Specht Ursprung 83 a. 162. -- WP. 2, 206f., Pok. 172f., Mayrhofer s. bhrū́ḥ, Fraenkel s. briaunà (quite doubtful), Vasmer s. brovь (w. lit. a. many details). Older lit. also in Bq. The nom. was *h₃bhrēuH-s, (gen. * h₃bhruH-os), which explains the OHG form etc.Page in Frisk: 2,454Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀφρῦς
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73 σκόπελος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `cliff, rock, mountain-peak' (mostly ep. poet. Β 396), `watch-tower' (pap.), - ον n. `earth wall, hill' (LXX).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The prob. later meaning `watch-tower' originated clearly through the association with σκοπ-ός, - ιά, - έω, but also in the sense of `clif, rock' one has since antiquity connected the word with σκοπός, - έω and interpreted as "look out", an etymolog, which because of its good achoring in the Greek vocabulary seems to earn preference above the connection with IE * skep- `cut' (Solmsen Wortforsch. 210 f.; cf. σκέπαρνος [but se s.v.] and κόπτω). Cf. also Chantraine Form. 244 w. lit. -- An agreeing Illyr. * skapela- `cliff' Krahe PBBeitr. 69, 486 ff. wants to find in the river-name Schefflenz (OHG Scaflenza from * Scapi-lantia); cf. on this Porzig Gliederung 150 f. Lat. LW [loanword] scopulus. -- An IE root * skep- `cut' seems not to exist. That a word for `cliff, rock' developed from `watch-tower' may be possible in reality but is linguistically not very probable.Page in Frisk: 2,737Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκόπελος
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74 ἐπάνω
ἐπάνω adv. (s. ἄνω; Hdt.+)① marker of a position relatively higher whether contiguous or not, above, overⓐ as adv. (Gen 7:20; Bar 2:5; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 33) over, above, on of place (En 18:5) οἱ ἄνθρωποι οἱ περιπατοῦντες ἐ. οὐκ οἴδασιν the people who walk over (them) know nothing (about them) Lk 11:44. In ref. to text previously cited προείρηκε δὲ ἐ. (God) stated it above B 6:18. τὰ ἐ. (cp. SIG 972, 74; 82; POxy 502, 54 τὰ ἐ.=what has been mentioned above) the upper parts (PGM 2, 157 τὰ ἐ. τῆς θύρας) of plants Hs 9, 1, 6; 9, 21, 1. Of couch covering ἐ. κεῖσθαι v 3, 1, 4.ⓑ as prep. w. gen. (SIG 1173, 3 ἐ. τ. βήματος POxy 495, 8; PFlor 50, 32; LXX; En 32:2 ἐ. τῆς Ἐρυθρᾶς θαλάσσης; Jos., Bell. 2, 344, Ant. 6, 274; Just., A I, 60, 6 ἐ. τῶν ὑδάτων) ἐ. ὄρους on (the top of) a hill Mt 5:14; ἐ. τῆς πύλης Hs 9, 4, 2; ἐ. αὐτῶν Mt 21:7; cp. 23:18, 20, 22; 27:37; 28:2; Rv 6:8; 20:3. ἐ. αὐτῆς prob. at her head Lk 4:39 (perh. also poss.: bending over her) πατεῖν ἐ. ὄφεων tread on snakes Lk 10:19 (cp. PGM 13, 282 ἐὰν θέλῃς ἐπάνω κροκοδείλου διαβαίνειν). ἐ. τῶν ὀρέων over the mountains D 9:4. ἐ. τῶν νεφελῶν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 16:8 (cp. Mt 24:30; 26:64); ἐ. τῆς πέτρας Hs 9, 3, 1. ἐστάθη ἐ. οἷ ἦν τὸ παιδίον stopped over the place where the child was Mt 2:9.② pert. to exceeding someth. in amount, more than, as adv. w. numbers (colloq. B-D-F §185; s. Rob. 666; cp. Lev 27:7) ὤφθη ἐ. πεντακοσίοις ἀδελφοῖς he appeared to more than 500 of our fellowship (‘brothers’; s. ἀδελφός 2a) 1 Cor 15:6. πραθῆναι ἐ. δηναρίων τριακοσίων be sold for more than 300 denarii Mk 14:5.③ pert. to being superior in status, above, over, someth. fig. (Socrat., Ep. 20 ὢν ἐ. πλούτου [p. 268 Malherbe]), funct. as prep. w. gen., of authority (Da 6:3 Theod.) ἐξουσία ἐ. δέκα πόλεων Lk 19:17, cp. 19. ἐ. πάντων ἐστίν is above all J 3:31 (Cebes 26, 3 ἐ. πάντων ἐστί; Jos., Ant. 4, 216 τὸ δίκαιον ἐπάνω πάντων).—DELG s.v. ἀνά. M-M. -
75 Μουσεῖον
Μουσεῖον, τό,2 home of music or poetry, μουσεῖα θρηνήμασι ξυνῳδά choirs chiming in with dirges, E.Hel. 174 (lyr.); ἀηδόνων μ. choir of nightingales, Id.Fr.88; parodiedχελιδόνων μουσεῖα Ar.Ra. 93
;τὸ Νυμφῶν νᾶμά τε καὶ μ. λόγων Pl.Phdr. 278b
(but μουσεῖα λόγων, οἷον διπλασιολογία κτλ. gallery of tropes, ib. 267b): generally, school of art or letters, τὸ τῆς Ἑλλάδος μ., of Athens, Ath.5.187d, cf. Plu.2.736d; τὸ τῆς φύσεως μ., a phrase of Alcidamas censured by Arist. Rh. 1406a25.3 a Museum, i. e. a philosophical school and library, such as that of Plato at Athens, D.L.4.1, etc.; at Alexandria, Str.17.1.8, BMus.Inscr. 1076 ([place name] Antinoe), etc.; περιπατοῦν M. 'a walking library', of Longinus, Eun.VSp.456 B.III as the title of a book, Alcid. ap. Stob. 4.52.22.IV Μουσεῖα, τά, festival of the Muses, Paus.9.31.2: sg., Ath.14.629a;τὰ Μ. θῦσαι Phld.Acad.Ind.p.41
M.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > Μουσεῖον
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76 πάγος
I crag, rock,σπιλάδες τε πάγοι τε Od.5.405
; π. ὀξέες ib. 411: generally, rocky hill, Hes.Sc. 439, Pi.O.10(11).49, I.2.33;χλοερὸς ὑλώδης π. S.Ichn.215
; ὁ Ἄρειος ([dialect] Ion. Ἀρήϊος) π. the Areopagus at Athens, Hdt. 8.52, cf. A.Eu. 685sq.;Ἄρεος εὔβουλος π. S.OC 947
;Ἀρείοις ἐν π. E. IT 1470
, cf. 961;ἐν κλεινοῖς Ἀθηναίων π. S.Fr. 323
; μαντεῖος, ἀκρονιφὴς π., of Delphi, Pae.Delph.7, 16.II after Hom., = παγετός, frost,πάγου χυθέντος S.Ph. 293
;π. φανέντος αἰθρίου Id.Fr.149.3
;ὄντος π. οἵου δεινοτάτου Pl.Smp. 220b
, etc.: pl.,τῶν ὑπαιθρίων π. A.Ag. 335
, cf. S.Ant. 357 (lyr.), Arist.HA 523a20, GA 735a35, etc.: heterocl. dat. pl. : dat. sg. πάγει (v.l. πάγοις) D. S.3.34.3 salt, as formed by the evaporation of sea-water, Lyc.135.5 ἄκριτον πάγος of the confused mass outside the universe, Hp.Hebd.6;τὸν περιέχοντα πάγον Id.Vict.1.10
, cf. Paul.Al.I.4. -
77 ὄχθη
A any height or rising ground, natural or artificial, bank, dyke by the side of a river,ὑψηλὴν βάλεν ὄχθην Il. 21.171
, cf. 172: in sg., also, Plu.Publ.16, Arr.An.1.14.4, CPHerm. 95.10 (iii A. D.): mostly in pl., raised banks of a river, in full,ποταμοῖο παρ' ὄχθας Il.4.487
, 18.533, cf. 3.187;παρ' ὄχθῃσιν ποταμοῖο Od. 6.97
;Καφισοῦ παρ' ὄχθαις Pi.P.4.46
, cf. Xenoph.2.21, A.Pr. 810, Th. 392, etc.; ὄχθαι καπέτοιο the raised banks of the trench, dykes, Il.15.356; also, heights beside the sea,ἁλὸς παρ' ὄχθας Od.9.132
; ταὶ ὑπὲρ Κύμας ἁλιερκέες ὄ. Pi.P.1.18, cf. 12.2; also of rising banks at a little distance from a river, X.An.4.3.3 and 5: ὄχθη is distd. as the bank of a river, from ὄχθος a hill, in S.Ph. 726, 729 (both lyr.); and this distn. generally holds, but in Pi.P.1.64 we read ὄχθαις ὑπὸ Ταϋγέτου; and in S.Ant. 1132 (lyr.), Νυσαίων ὀρέων ὄχθαι; reversely, we have in Sapph.p.44 Lobel, ὄχθοις Ἀχέροντος; in A.Ag. 1161, Ἀχερουσίους ὄχθους; and in E.Supp. 655, Ἰσμήνιον πρὸς ὄχθον; in late Prose, τὴν ὄχθαν (sic) τῆς θαλάσσης sea- -
78 βουβών
βουβών, - ῶνοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `groin' (Il.); `swollen gland' (Hp.);Derivatives: βουβωνίσκος `bandage for the groin' (Heliod. ap. Orib.; cf. γραφίσκος etc. Chantr. Form. 408); βουβώνιον the plant `Aster amellus' (Dsc., Strömberg Pflanzennamen 87). - Denom. βουβωνιάω `suffer from swollen glands' (Ar.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unknown. Formation like μυών, σιαγών. Connection with βουνός `hill' is morphologically impossible. Hardly to Skt. gavīnī́ f. du. `part of the lower body'. - If the (late) variant βόμβων is reliable, the word would be Pre-Gr.Page in Frisk: 1,256-257Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βουβών
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79 ἠρίον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `mound, barrow' (Ψ 126).Compounds: Als 1. member in ἠρι-εργής τυμβώρυχος H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Acc. to Kretschmer Mélanges van Ginneken 207ff. here also the river name Ήριδανός: orig. name of a small river in Attica, then through mixing with ` Ροδανός applied to this and the Po (on the formation Schwyzer 530); diff. Pokorny Mélanges Boisacq 2, 193ff.: Ήριδανός from Rhodanos through Iber. * Errodanos with adaptation to the Attic river name (improbable; diff. on Ήριδανός Alessio Studi etr. 18, 150, Belardi Doxa 3, 205). Formation as κηρίον (: κηρός), μηρία (: μηρός) a. o. (Chantraine Formation 59). By the ancients connected with ἔρα `earth' (cf. Schwyzer 424, where unclear πολύηρος πολυάρουρος, πλούσιος H. is recalled), but after Ψ 126 μέγα ἠρίον rather to be reconstructed as *Ϝηρίον. Often derived from a root u̯er- `cover' (WP. 1, 280ff.), referring to Germanic words, e. g. OWNo. vǫr f. (IE *u̯orā) a. o. `hill or bank of stones or gravel', OWNo. ver n. (IE *u̯oriom) `dam', which depend first from a verb for ` avert', Goth. warjan etc. hang from. - (Not to Skt. vr̥ṇóti which rather belongs to εἰλύω; s. v.)Page in Frisk: 1,643-644Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἠρίον
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80 ακρ'
ἄκραι, ἄκραhighest: fem nom /voc plἄκρᾱͅ, ἄκραhighest: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic)ἄκρι, ἄκριςhill-top: fem voc sgἄκρα, ἄκρονhighest: neut nom /voc /acc plἄκρα, ἄκροςat the farthest point: neut nom /voc /acc plἄκρε, ἄκροςat the farthest point: masc voc sgἄκραι, ἄκροςat the farthest point: fem nom /voc plἄκρᾱͅ, ἄκροςat the farthest point: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic)
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