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64 bellum
bellum (ante-class. and poet. duel-lum), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.I.Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:II.bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]Form bellum.A.War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).1.Specifying the enemy.a.By adjj. denoting the nation:b.omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:c.Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—With cum and abl. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—With cum dependent on the verb:d.quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—With adversus and acc. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:e.ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—With contra and acc.:f.cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—With in and acc. (very rare):g. h. k.Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—2.With verbs.a.Referring to the beginning of the war.(α).Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:(β).summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:(γ).cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—Bellum differre, to postpone a war:(δ).nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):(ε).omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:(ζ).bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):(η).consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:(θ).sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:(κ).ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:(λ).Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—(ante-class. and poet. ), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.I.Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:II.bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]Form bellum.A.War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).1.Specifying the enemy.a.By adjj. denoting the nation:b.omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:c.Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—With cum and abl. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—With cum dependent on the verb:d.quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—With adversus and acc. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:e.ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—With contra and acc.:f.cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—With in and acc. (very rare):g. h. k.Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—2.With verbs.a.Referring to the beginning of the war.(α).Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:(β).summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:(γ).cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—Bellum differre, to postpone a war:(δ).nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):(ε).omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:(ζ).bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):(η).consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:(θ).sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:(κ).ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:(λ).Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:b.subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:(β).bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:(γ).necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:c.bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—Referring to the end of a war.(α).Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:(β).in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:(γ).timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:d.is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—Less usual connections:3.bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—As object denoting place or time.a.Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.(α).Of the commander:(β).consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—Of persons partaking in a war:b.si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—c.In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:d.in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—Of time.(α).In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):(β).valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:(γ).ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:(δ).bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—Inter bellum (rare):4.cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—Bellum in attributive connection.a.Justum bellum.(α).A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):(β).justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):b.in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—c.Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:d.quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—Fortuna belli, the chances of war:e.adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—Belli artes, military skill:f.cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:g.in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:h.trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—B.Transf.1.Of things concr. and abstr.:2.qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—Of animals:3.milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—With individuals:4.quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—5.Personified as god of war ( = Janus):6.tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):7.permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—Battle, = proelium:8.rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —Bellum = liber de bello:b.quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50.Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:(β).bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:(γ).necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:c.bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—Referring to the end of a war.(α).Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:(β).in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:(γ).timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:d.is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—Less usual connections:3.bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—As object denoting place or time.a.Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.(α).Of the commander:(β).consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—Of persons partaking in a war:b.si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—c.In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:d.in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—Of time.(α).In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):(β).valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:(γ).ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:(δ).bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—Inter bellum (rare):4.cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—Bellum in attributive connection.a.Justum bellum.(α).A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):(β).justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):b.in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—c.Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:d.quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—Fortuna belli, the chances of war:e.adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—Belli artes, military skill:f.cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:g.in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:h.trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—B.Transf.1.Of things concr. and abstr.:2.qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—Of animals:3.milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—With individuals:4.quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—5.Personified as god of war ( = Janus):6.tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):7.permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—Battle, = proelium:8.rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —Bellum = liber de bello:quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50. -
65 enemigo
adj.enemy, hostile, adverse.m.enemy, foe.* * *► adjetivo1 enemy, hostile► nombre masculino,nombre femenino1 enemy, foe\ser enemigo,-a de algo to be against something* * *(f. - enemiga)noun adj.* * *enemigo, -a1.ADJ enemy, hostile; (=poco amistoso) unfriendly2.SM / F [gen] enemy; (=adversario) foe, opponentenemigo infiltrado, enemigo interior — enemy within
* * *I- ga adjetivoa) <tropas/soldados/país> enemy (before n)b)II- ga masculino, femenino enemyenemigo público número uno — public enemy number one
* * *= adversary, detractor, enemy, foe.Ex. Intelligence means either an individual's analytical or reasoning abilities or information on an adversary.Ex. Mathilda Panopoulos, known as 'Tilly' to her friends and colleagues but usually styled 'Tilly the Hun' or just 'the Hun' by her detractors, is a native of Pritchard.Ex. Dust is an enemy of microcomputers as it is with any piece of electrical apparatus, and a dust cover costing a few pounds is a worthwhile purchase.Ex. Place operators in quotation marks when searching for them as words, e.g. 'near' death, friend 'or' foe.----* caer en manos enemigas = fall into + enemy hands.* combatiente enemigo = enemy combatant.* confraternizar con el enemigo = consort with + the enemy.* el enemigo en casa = the enemy within.* enemigo acérrimo = arch enemy [archenemy], arch-rival [archrival], sworn enemy.* enemigo asimétrico = asymmetric enemy.* enemigo de = resister (of/against).* enemigo declarado = sworn enemy.* enemigo mortal = mortal foe.* enemigo público = public enemy.* enemigo público número uno = public enemy number one.* en manos del enemigo = at the hands of enemies, at the hands of the enemy.* en manos enemigas = at the hands of enemies, at the hands of the enemy.* espiar al enemigo = spy + the flagship.* fuego enemigo = enemy fire.* ganar enemigos = make + enemies.* hacer enemigos = make + enemies.* incursión enemiga = enemy incursion.* matar al enemigo = take + no prisoners.* Posesivo + peor enemigo = Posesivo + worst enemy.* soldado enemigo = enemy soldier.* * *I- ga adjetivoa) <tropas/soldados/país> enemy (before n)b)II- ga masculino, femenino enemyenemigo público número uno — public enemy number one
* * *= adversary, detractor, enemy, foe.Ex: Intelligence means either an individual's analytical or reasoning abilities or information on an adversary.
Ex: Mathilda Panopoulos, known as 'Tilly' to her friends and colleagues but usually styled 'Tilly the Hun' or just 'the Hun' by her detractors, is a native of Pritchard.Ex: Dust is an enemy of microcomputers as it is with any piece of electrical apparatus, and a dust cover costing a few pounds is a worthwhile purchase.Ex: Place operators in quotation marks when searching for them as words, e.g. 'near' death, friend 'or' foe.* caer en manos enemigas = fall into + enemy hands.* combatiente enemigo = enemy combatant.* confraternizar con el enemigo = consort with + the enemy.* el enemigo en casa = the enemy within.* enemigo acérrimo = arch enemy [archenemy], arch-rival [archrival], sworn enemy.* enemigo asimétrico = asymmetric enemy.* enemigo de = resister (of/against).* enemigo declarado = sworn enemy.* enemigo mortal = mortal foe.* enemigo público = public enemy.* enemigo público número uno = public enemy number one.* en manos del enemigo = at the hands of enemies, at the hands of the enemy.* en manos enemigas = at the hands of enemies, at the hands of the enemy.* espiar al enemigo = spy + the flagship.* fuego enemigo = enemy fire.* ganar enemigos = make + enemies.* hacer enemigos = make + enemies.* incursión enemiga = enemy incursion.* matar al enemigo = take + no prisoners.* Posesivo + peor enemigo = Posesivo + worst enemy.* soldado enemigo = enemy soldier.* * *1 ‹tropas/soldados/país› enemy ( before n)2 ser enemigo DE algo to be against sthes enemigo de todo lo nuevo he's opposed to o he's against o he dislikes anything newsoy enemigo de los antibióticos I don't like taking antibioticsera enemiga de pegarles a los niños she was against o she was not in favor of o she didn't agree with hitting childrenlo mejor es enemigo de lo bueno let well alonemasculine, feminine1 ( Mil) enemypasarse al enemigo to go over to the enemy2 (adversario) enemyse hizo muchos enemigos he made a lot of enemiesenemigo DE algo enemy OF sthlos enemigos de la paz the enemies of peace, those who do not want peaceun enemigo jurado or declarado a sworn o declared enemyenemigo público número uno public enemy number one* * *
enemigo◊ -ga adjetivo
b) ser enemigo de algo to be against sth;
■ sustantivo masculino, femenino
enemy
enemigo,-a
I adjetivo enemy: es enemigo del tabaco, he's against smoking
II sustantivo masculino y femenino enemy
' enemigo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
caer
- capturar
- cercar
- combatir
- embestir
- enemiga
- entregarse
- hostigar
- rendirse
- resistir
- sucumbir
- acechar
- acérrimo
- aniquilar
- arrasar
- batir
- burlar
- captura
- dispersar
- enfrentar
- entregar
- espiar
- frente
- implacable
- mano
- mortal
- pasar
- picar
- rechazar
- reducir
- vencer
English:
antiballistic
- bitter
- combat
- conquer
- corner
- enemy
- face
- fight
- foe
- force back
- make
- missile
- prisoner
- sell out
- smash
- strike through
- submit
- sworn
- together
- betray
- forth
- opposing
* * *enemigo, -a♦ adj1. [rival] enemy;los ejércitos enemigos the enemy armieses enemigo de una educación muy estricta he is not in favour of bringing children up strictly;soy enemigo de tener animales en casa I don't hold with keeping pets at home♦ nm,f[rival] enemy;va haciéndose enemigos por todas partes he makes enemies wherever he goes;los enemigos de la patria the enemies of the nation;no hay enemigo pequeño [en general] don't underestimate your opponent;[en fútbol] there are no easy games Fam el enemigo malo the Devil;el enemigo público número uno public enemy number one♦ nm[ejército rival] enemy;pasarse al enemigo to go over to the enemy;Humal enemigo, ni agua there'll be no quarter given* * *I adj enemy atrII m, enemiga f enemy;ser enemigo de fig be opposed to, be against* * *enemigo, -ga adj & n: enemy* * * -
66 Feind
m; -(e)s, -e1. enemy (auch Koll.); lit. foe; Freund und Feind friend and foe; keine natürlichen Feinde haben have no natural enemies; sich (Dat) Feinde machen make enemies; sich (Dat) jemanden zum Feind machen make an enemy of s.o., antagonize s.o.; ran an den Feind! umg., hum. OK, let’s get stuck in (Am. let’s get going)!; viel Feind’, viel Ehr Sprichw. an hono(u)rable man has many enemies2. fig.: ein Feind der Automatisierung sein oder der Automatisierung Feind sein geh. altm. be opposed to automation ( oder anti-automation); stärker: be an enemy of automation; (hassen) hate ( oder loathe) automation* * *der Feindfoe; enemy; adversary* * *[faint]1. m -(e)s, -e[-də] F́éín|din ['faindɪn]2. f -, -nenenemy, foe (liter)jdn zum Féínd haben — to have sb as an enemy
jdn zum Féínd machen — to make an enemy of sb
Féínde schaffen — to make enemies
er war ein Féínd jeden Fortschritts — he was opposed to progress in any shape or form
der böse Féínd (Bibl) — the Evil One, the Enemy
liebet eure Féínde (Bibl) — love thine enemy (Bibl)
See:→ auch feind* * *der1) (a person who hates or wishes to harm one: She is so good and kind that she has no enemies.) enemy2) (( also noun plural) troops, forces, a nation etc opposed to oneself in war etc: He's one of the enemy; The enemy was/were encamped on the hillside; ( also adjective) enemy forces.) enemy3) (an enemy: He fought against the foe.) foe* * *Feind(in)<-[e]s, -e>[ˈfaint, pl faində]1. (Gegner) enemy, foejdn zum \Feind haben to have sb as an enemy2. (Opponent) opponent3.▶ viel \Feind, viel Ehr the greater the opposition, the greater the prestige* * *der; Feind[e]s, Feinde1) enemysich (Dat.) Feinde machen — make enemies
sich (Dat.) jemanden zum Feind machen — make an enemy of somebody
2)der Feind — (Milit.) the enemy constr. as pl
* * *1. enemy (auch koll); liter foe;Freund und Feind friend and foe;keine natürlichen Feinde haben have no natural enemies;sich (dat)Feinde machen make enemies;sich (dat)jemanden zum Feind machen make an enemy of sb, antagonize sb;ran an den Feind! umg, hum OK, let’s get stuck in (US let’s get going)!;2. fig:ein Feind der Automatisierung sein be opposed to automation ( oder anti-automation); stärker: be an enemy of automation; (hassen) hate ( oder loathe) automation* * *der; Feind[e]s, Feinde1) enemysich (Dat.) Feinde machen — make enemies
sich (Dat.) jemanden zum Feind machen — make an enemy of somebody
2)der Feind — (Milit.) the enemy constr. as pl
* * *-e m.enemy n.fiend n.foe n. -
67 feind
m; -(e)s, -e1. enemy (auch Koll.); lit. foe; Freund und Feind friend and foe; keine natürlichen Feinde haben have no natural enemies; sich (Dat) Feinde machen make enemies; sich (Dat) jemanden zum Feind machen make an enemy of s.o., antagonize s.o.; ran an den Feind! umg., hum. OK, let’s get stuck in (Am. let’s get going)!; viel Feind’, viel Ehr Sprichw. an hono(u)rable man has many enemies2. fig.: ein Feind der Automatisierung sein oder der Automatisierung Feind sein geh. altm. be opposed to automation ( oder anti-automation); stärker: be an enemy of automation; (hassen) hate ( oder loathe) automation* * *der Feindfoe; enemy; adversary* * *[faint]1. m -(e)s, -e[-də] F́éín|din ['faindɪn]2. f -, -nenenemy, foe (liter)jdn zum Féínd haben — to have sb as an enemy
jdn zum Féínd machen — to make an enemy of sb
Féínde schaffen — to make enemies
er war ein Féínd jeden Fortschritts — he was opposed to progress in any shape or form
der böse Féínd (Bibl) — the Evil One, the Enemy
liebet eure Féínde (Bibl) — love thine enemy (Bibl)
See:→ auch feind* * *der1) (a person who hates or wishes to harm one: She is so good and kind that she has no enemies.) enemy2) (( also noun plural) troops, forces, a nation etc opposed to oneself in war etc: He's one of the enemy; The enemy was/were encamped on the hillside; ( also adjective) enemy forces.) enemy3) (an enemy: He fought against the foe.) foe* * *Feind(in)<-[e]s, -e>[ˈfaint, pl faində]1. (Gegner) enemy, foejdn zum \Feind haben to have sb as an enemy2. (Opponent) opponent3.▶ viel \Feind, viel Ehr the greater the opposition, the greater the prestige* * *der; Feind[e]s, Feinde1) enemysich (Dat.) Feinde machen — make enemies
sich (Dat.) jemanden zum Feind machen — make an enemy of somebody
2)der Feind — (Milit.) the enemy constr. as pl
* * *feind adj geh obs:Ausländerfeind hater of foreigners, xenophobe;Katzenfeind hater of cats, cat-hater;ein Krawattenfeind sein hate ties, be anti-ties;Umweltfeind despoiler of the environment, polluter* * *der; Feind[e]s, Feinde1) enemysich (Dat.) Feinde machen — make enemies
sich (Dat.) jemanden zum Feind machen — make an enemy of somebody
2)der Feind — (Milit.) the enemy constr. as pl
* * *-e m.enemy n.fiend n.foe n. -
68 caer
v.1 to fall.tropezó y cayó al suelo she tripped and fell (over o down)caer de un tejado/árbol to fall from a roof/treecaer rodando por la escalera to fall down the stairsMaría cayó por las gradas Mary fell down the stairs.2 to fall (rain, snow).cayeron cuatro gotas there were a few spots of rain3 to go down, to set (sun).al caer el día o la tarde at duskal caer el sol at sunset4 to fall for it.5 to drop in (to visit). ( Latin American Spanish)Se me cayó el vaso I dropped the glass.6 to decrease, to decline, to fall, to drop.La presión barométrica cayó The barometric pressure decreased=fell.7 to drop it.Se me cayó I dropped it.8 to fall on, to drop on, to fall over.Me cayó una gota de lluvia A raindrop fell on me.9 to crash on.Se me cayó el sistema The system crashed on me.* * *Present Indicativecaigo, caes, cae, caemos, caéis, caen.Past IndicativePresent SubjunctiveImperfect SubjunctiveFuture SubjunctiveImperative* * *verb1) to fall2) drop3) hang•- caerse- caer bien
- caer mal* * *Para las expresiones caer en la cuenta, caer en desuso, caer en el olvido, caer enfermo, caer redondo, caerse de risa, ver la otra entrada.1. VERBO INTRANSITIVO1) [persona, objeto]a) [desde la posición vertical] to fall•
[hacer] caer algo — to knock sth overb) [desde una altura] to fall•
[dejar] caer — [+ objeto] to drop; [+ comentario] to slip in•
[dejarse] caer — [sobre sofá, cama] to fall; (=visitar) to drop in, drop bysuele dejarse caer por aquí — he usually drops in {o} by
•
caer [sobre] algo/algn — to fall on sth/sbqueremos que caiga sobre él todo el peso de la Ley — we want the full weight of the law to be brought to bear on him
su excarcelación está al caer — his release is imminent {o} is expected any day
2) [lluvia, helada]¡qué nevada ha caído! — what a heavy snowfall!, what a heavy fall of snow!
3) (=colgar) to hang, falles una tela que cae mucho — it's a fabric which hangs {o} falls nicely
4) (=bajar) [precio, temperatura] to fall, droppicado 2., 2)caerá la temperatura por debajo de los veinte grados — the temperature will fall {o} drop below twenty degrees
5) (=ser derrotado) [soldados, ejército] to be defeated; [deportista, equipo] to be beaten; [ciudad, plaza] to fall, be captured; [criminal] to be arrested6) (=morir) to fall, diemuchos cayeron en el campo de batalla — many fell {o} died on the field of battle
7)•
caer [en] (=incurrir) —no debemos caer en el triunfalismo — we mustn't give way to triumphalism {o} to crowing over our triumphs
•
caer en el [error] de hacer algo — to make the mistake of doing sth•
caer en la [tentación] — to give in {o} yield to temptationy no nos dejes caer en la tentación — (Biblia) and lead us not into temptation
caer bajo —
trampa 2)¡qué bajo has caído! — [moralmente] how low can you get!, how can you sink so low?; [socialmente] you've certainly come down in the world!
8) (=darse cuenta)no caigo — I don't get it *, I don't understand
ya caigo — I see, now I understand, now I get it *
•
caer en [que] — to realize that9) [fecha] to fall, besu cumpleaños cae en viernes — her birthday falls {o} is on a Friday
¿en qué cae el día de Navidad? — what day is Christmas Day?, what day does Christmas fall on?
10) (=tocar)el premio gordo ha caído en Madrid — the first prize (in the lottery) {o} the jackpot went to Madrid
•
caerle [a algn], le pueden caer muchos años de condena — he could get a very long sentence11) (=estar situado) to be¿por dónde cae eso? — whereabouts is that?
eso cae más hacia el este — that lies {o} is further to the east
12)• caer [dentro] de (=estar comprendido en) —
eso cae dentro de la responsabilidad de los ayuntamientos — that falls within the remit of town councils
13) (=causar impresión)no les caí — CAm I didn't hit it off with them, I didn't get on well with them, they didn't take to me
•
caer [bien] a algn, me cae (muy) bien — I (really) like him, I like him (very much)Pedro no le cayó bien a mi padre — Pedro didn't make a very good impression on my father, my father didn't really take to Pedro
•
caer [gordo] {o} [fatal] a algn * —me cae gordo {o} fatal el tío ese — I can't stand that guy
•
caer [mal] a algn, me cae mal — I don't like him14) (=sentar)a) [información, comentario]me cayó fatal lo que me dijiste — I was very upset by what you said, what you said really upset me
b) [ropa]15) (=terminar)•
al caer la [noche] — at nightfall•
al caer la [tarde] — at dusk2.See:* * *1.verbo intransitivo1) ( de una altura) to fall; ( de posición vertical) to fall overcaí mal — I fell badly o awkwardly
se dejó caer en el sillón/en sus brazos — she flopped into the armchair/fell into his arms
el avión cayó en picada or (Esp) en picado — the plane nosedived
caer parado — (AmL) ( literal) to land on one's feet; ( tener suerte) to fall o land on one's feet
dejar caer algo — < objeto> to drop; < noticia> to let drop o fall; < indirecta> to drop
2) chaparrón/nevada3)a) cortinas/falda to hangb) terreno to drop4)a) ( incurrir)caer en algo: no caigas en ese error don't make that mistake; cayó en la tentación de mirar she succumbed to the temptation to look; la obra por momentos cae en lo ridículo at times the play lapses into the ridiculous; caer muy bajo to stoop very low; qué bajo has caído — you've really sunk low this time
b) (en engaño, timo)caer como angelitos — (fam)
cayeron como chinos or angelitos — they swallowed it hook, line and sinker
5) (fam) (entender, darse cuenta)ah, ya caigo! — ( ya entiendo) oh, now I get it! (colloq); ( ya recuerdo) oh, now I remember
no caigo — I can't think o I'm not sure what (o who etc) you mean
no caí en que tú no tenías llave — I didn't realize o (fam) I didn't click that you didn't have keys
6) ( en un estado)caer en desuso — palabra to fall into disuse; costumbre to die out
7)a) gobierno/ciudad to fallb) ( perder el cargo) to lose one's jobse hará una investigación, caiga quien caiga — an inquiry will be held, however many heads have to roll
c) soldado ( morir) to fall, die; ( ser apresado) to be caught8)a) desgracia/maldicióncaer sobre alguien — to befall somebody (frml or liter)
la que me (te, etc) ha caído encima — (fam)
b)al caer la tarde/la noche — at sunset o dusk/nightfall
antes de que caiga la noche — before it gets dark o before nightfall
9) (fam) ( tocar en suerte)10) (+ compl)a) ( sentar)b) ( en cuestiones de gusto)me cae de gordo or de mal... — (fam) I can't stand him (colloq)
11)a) (fam) ( presentarse) to show up, turn up (BrE)de vez en cuando cae or se deja caer por aquí — she drops by o in now and then
estar al caer: los invitados están al caer — the guests will be here any minute o moment (now)
b) ( abalanzarse)caer sobre alguien — to fall upon o on somebody
caerle encima a alguien — (fam) to pounce o leap on somebody
12)a) ( estar comprendido)cae dentro de nuestra jurisdicción — it comes under o falls within our jurisdiction
b) cumpleaños/festividad to fall onel 20 cae en (un) domingo — the 20th falls on a Sunday o is a Sunday
¿el 27 (en) qué día cae or en qué cae? — what day's the 27th?
c) (Esp fam) ( estar situado) to be¿por dónde cae? — whereabouts is that?
13) precios/temperatura to fall, drop14) (Ven) ( aportar dinero) (fam) to chip in (colloq)15) (Ven fam) llamada2.caerse v pron1)a) ( de una altura) to fall; ( de la posición vertical) to fall, to fall overcaerse del caballo/de la cama — to fall off one's horse/out of bed
se cayó redondo — (fam) he collapsed in a heap
está que se cae de cansancio — (fam) she's dead on her feet (colloq)
b) (+ me/te/le etc)oiga, se le cayó un guante — excuse me, you dropped your glove
cuidado, no se te vaya a caer — be careful, don't drop it
caerse con alguien — (Col fam) to go down in somebody's estimation
no tiene/tienen dónde caerse muerto/muertos — (fam) he hasn't/they haven't got a penny to his/their name
se cae por su propio peso or de maduro — it goes without saying
2) ( desprenderse) diente to fall out; hojas to fall off; botón to come off, fall off* * *= drop, fall, tumble, slump, take + a tumble.Ex. The search profile will only be modified periodically as the quality of the set of notifications output from the search drops to unacceptable levels.Ex. There may be pale drip marks in the neighbourhood of the tranchefiles, where drops of water fell from the deckle or from the maker's hand on to the new-made sheet.Ex. The form this 'hypothesis' has come to take is easily dismissed as a straw figure and serious consideration of the relation between language diversity and thinking has largely tumbled with it.Ex. The copy was grubby from use, a paperback with a photographically realistic full-color painting on its cover of an early teenage boy slumped in what looked to me like a corner of a very dirty back alley, a can of Coke in his hand.Ex. Tourism takes a tumble in Australia due to the global credit crunch.----* al caer la noche = at nightfall.* caer aguanieve = sleet.* caer al vacío = fall into + the void, fall into + (empty) space.* caer como chinches = drop like + flies.* caer como moscas = drop like + flies.* caer de cabeza = go over + Posesivo + head.* caer de espaldas = fall on + Posesivo + back.* caer dentro de = fall within/into, fall into.* caer dentro de la competencia de = be the province of, fall within + the province of.* caer de pie = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet.* caer deshecho = flake out.* caer desplomado = slump in + a heap.* caer en = run + foul of, lapse into, slip into, slide into.* caer en barbecho = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.* caer en batalla = fall in + battle.* caer en combate = fall in + action.* caer en descrédito = come into + disrepute, fall into + disrepute.* caer en desgracia = fall from + grace, fall into + disfavour, tumble into + disgrace, come into + disrepute, fall into + disrepute, be in the doghouse, fall + foul of.* caer en desuso = fall into + disuse, fall out of + fashion, go out of + use, lapse, fall into + disfavour, die out, drop from + sight, go out of + favour, pass away, fall into + desuetude, fall into + desuetude, pass into + desuetude, sink into + desuetude, sink into + oblivion.* caer en el error de = fall into + the error of, blunder into.* caer en el olvido = fall into + obscurity, fall into + oblivion, fade into + obscurity, fade into + oblivion, blow over.* caer enfermo = become + ill, fall + ill, get + sick.* caer en forma de cascada = cascade.* caer en gracia = take + a fancy to, take + a shine to, take + a liking to.* caer en la cuenta = dawn on, wise up, the penny dropped, suss (out).* caer en la cuenta de = realise [realize, -USA].* caer en la nada = fall into + the void, fall into + (empty) space.* caer en la oscuridad = fall into + obscurity, sink into + oblivion, sink into + obscurity, fade into + obscurity, fade into + oblivion.* caer en la tentación = fall into + temptation.* caer en la trampa = fall into + the trap, fall for + it, fall into + the snare.* caer en manos de = fall into + the hands of.* caer en manos enemigas = fall into + enemy hands.* caer en oídos sordos = fall on + deaf ears, meet + deaf ears.* caer en picado = plummet, swoop, take + a nosedive, nosedive.* caer en redondo = flake out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness, pass out, keel over.* caer en terreno baldío = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.* caer en terreno pedregoso = fall on + stony ground.* caer en una broma = fall for + a joke, fall for + it.* caer en una trampa = tumble into + pitfall.* caer en un hábito = lapse into + habit.* caer fuera de = fall outside, lie beyond.* caer fuera del alcance de = fall outside + the scope of.* caer fuera de las responsabilidades de = be on the outer fringes of.* caer fuera del interés de = lie outside + the scope of.* caer fuera del interés de uno = fall outside + Posesivo + interest.* caer fuera del objetivo de = fall outside + the scope of.* caer hecho polvo = flake out.* caer mal = rub + Nombre + up the wrong way.* caer por selección = drop.* caer presa de = fall + prey to, be prey of.* caerse = fall out, fall off, tumble down, topple over, come + a cropper, go down, fall over, take + a tumble.* caerse a = topple onto.* caerse bien = hit it off.* caerse colándose por = fall through.* caerse de = fall off of.* caerse de bruces = fall + flat on + Posesivo + face.* caerse de la cama = roll out of + bed.* caerse hacia atrás = fall backwards.* caerse hacia delante = fall forward.* caérsele la baba por = go + gaga (over).* caerse muerto = drop + dead.* caerse recondo = pass out.* caerse redondo = keel over, flake out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness.* caer sobre = fall onto.* caer un chaparrón = the skies + open up.* caer un diluvio = the skies + open up.* cayéndose a pedazos = disintegrating.* comprar hasta caer muerto = shop 'til you drop.* dejar caer = drop, dump.* dejar caer insinuaciones = throw + hints.* dejar caer una indirecta = drop + a hint.* dejarse caer = drop by, drop in, slump, droop, mosey.* empezar a caer en picado = hit + the skids, be on the skids.* hacer caer = oust.* maná caído del cielo = manna from heaven.* no caer bien = not take + kindly to, not take + kindly to.* no caer en buenas manos = fall into + the wrong hands.* noche + caer = night + fall.* no tener donde caerse muerto = not have two pennies to rub together.* palabras + caer en + saco roto = words + fall on + deaf ears.* precio + caer = price + fall.* recesión + caer en = recession + set in.* salir y caer = fall out (of).* sistema + caerse = system + crash.* telón + caer = curtain + fall.* trabajar hasta caer muerto = work + Reflexivo + to the ground, work + Reflexivo + to death.* volver a caer (en) = relapse (into).* * *1.verbo intransitivo1) ( de una altura) to fall; ( de posición vertical) to fall overcaí mal — I fell badly o awkwardly
se dejó caer en el sillón/en sus brazos — she flopped into the armchair/fell into his arms
el avión cayó en picada or (Esp) en picado — the plane nosedived
caer parado — (AmL) ( literal) to land on one's feet; ( tener suerte) to fall o land on one's feet
dejar caer algo — < objeto> to drop; < noticia> to let drop o fall; < indirecta> to drop
2) chaparrón/nevada3)a) cortinas/falda to hangb) terreno to drop4)a) ( incurrir)caer en algo: no caigas en ese error don't make that mistake; cayó en la tentación de mirar she succumbed to the temptation to look; la obra por momentos cae en lo ridículo at times the play lapses into the ridiculous; caer muy bajo to stoop very low; qué bajo has caído — you've really sunk low this time
b) (en engaño, timo)caer como angelitos — (fam)
cayeron como chinos or angelitos — they swallowed it hook, line and sinker
5) (fam) (entender, darse cuenta)ah, ya caigo! — ( ya entiendo) oh, now I get it! (colloq); ( ya recuerdo) oh, now I remember
no caigo — I can't think o I'm not sure what (o who etc) you mean
no caí en que tú no tenías llave — I didn't realize o (fam) I didn't click that you didn't have keys
6) ( en un estado)caer en desuso — palabra to fall into disuse; costumbre to die out
7)a) gobierno/ciudad to fallb) ( perder el cargo) to lose one's jobse hará una investigación, caiga quien caiga — an inquiry will be held, however many heads have to roll
c) soldado ( morir) to fall, die; ( ser apresado) to be caught8)a) desgracia/maldicióncaer sobre alguien — to befall somebody (frml or liter)
la que me (te, etc) ha caído encima — (fam)
b)al caer la tarde/la noche — at sunset o dusk/nightfall
antes de que caiga la noche — before it gets dark o before nightfall
9) (fam) ( tocar en suerte)10) (+ compl)a) ( sentar)b) ( en cuestiones de gusto)me cae de gordo or de mal... — (fam) I can't stand him (colloq)
11)a) (fam) ( presentarse) to show up, turn up (BrE)de vez en cuando cae or se deja caer por aquí — she drops by o in now and then
estar al caer: los invitados están al caer — the guests will be here any minute o moment (now)
b) ( abalanzarse)caer sobre alguien — to fall upon o on somebody
caerle encima a alguien — (fam) to pounce o leap on somebody
12)a) ( estar comprendido)cae dentro de nuestra jurisdicción — it comes under o falls within our jurisdiction
b) cumpleaños/festividad to fall onel 20 cae en (un) domingo — the 20th falls on a Sunday o is a Sunday
¿el 27 (en) qué día cae or en qué cae? — what day's the 27th?
c) (Esp fam) ( estar situado) to be¿por dónde cae? — whereabouts is that?
13) precios/temperatura to fall, drop14) (Ven) ( aportar dinero) (fam) to chip in (colloq)15) (Ven fam) llamada2.caerse v pron1)a) ( de una altura) to fall; ( de la posición vertical) to fall, to fall overcaerse del caballo/de la cama — to fall off one's horse/out of bed
se cayó redondo — (fam) he collapsed in a heap
está que se cae de cansancio — (fam) she's dead on her feet (colloq)
b) (+ me/te/le etc)oiga, se le cayó un guante — excuse me, you dropped your glove
cuidado, no se te vaya a caer — be careful, don't drop it
caerse con alguien — (Col fam) to go down in somebody's estimation
no tiene/tienen dónde caerse muerto/muertos — (fam) he hasn't/they haven't got a penny to his/their name
se cae por su propio peso or de maduro — it goes without saying
2) ( desprenderse) diente to fall out; hojas to fall off; botón to come off, fall off* * *= drop, fall, tumble, slump, take + a tumble.Ex: The search profile will only be modified periodically as the quality of the set of notifications output from the search drops to unacceptable levels.
Ex: There may be pale drip marks in the neighbourhood of the tranchefiles, where drops of water fell from the deckle or from the maker's hand on to the new-made sheet.Ex: The form this 'hypothesis' has come to take is easily dismissed as a straw figure and serious consideration of the relation between language diversity and thinking has largely tumbled with it.Ex: The copy was grubby from use, a paperback with a photographically realistic full-color painting on its cover of an early teenage boy slumped in what looked to me like a corner of a very dirty back alley, a can of Coke in his hand.Ex: Tourism takes a tumble in Australia due to the global credit crunch.* al caer la noche = at nightfall.* caer aguanieve = sleet.* caer al vacío = fall into + the void, fall into + (empty) space.* caer como chinches = drop like + flies.* caer como moscas = drop like + flies.* caer de cabeza = go over + Posesivo + head.* caer de espaldas = fall on + Posesivo + back.* caer dentro de = fall within/into, fall into.* caer dentro de la competencia de = be the province of, fall within + the province of.* caer de pie = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet.* caer deshecho = flake out.* caer desplomado = slump in + a heap.* caer en = run + foul of, lapse into, slip into, slide into.* caer en barbecho = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.* caer en batalla = fall in + battle.* caer en combate = fall in + action.* caer en descrédito = come into + disrepute, fall into + disrepute.* caer en desgracia = fall from + grace, fall into + disfavour, tumble into + disgrace, come into + disrepute, fall into + disrepute, be in the doghouse, fall + foul of.* caer en desuso = fall into + disuse, fall out of + fashion, go out of + use, lapse, fall into + disfavour, die out, drop from + sight, go out of + favour, pass away, fall into + desuetude, fall into + desuetude, pass into + desuetude, sink into + desuetude, sink into + oblivion.* caer en el error de = fall into + the error of, blunder into.* caer en el olvido = fall into + obscurity, fall into + oblivion, fade into + obscurity, fade into + oblivion, blow over.* caer enfermo = become + ill, fall + ill, get + sick.* caer en forma de cascada = cascade.* caer en gracia = take + a fancy to, take + a shine to, take + a liking to.* caer en la cuenta = dawn on, wise up, the penny dropped, suss (out).* caer en la cuenta de = realise [realize, -USA].* caer en la nada = fall into + the void, fall into + (empty) space.* caer en la oscuridad = fall into + obscurity, sink into + oblivion, sink into + obscurity, fade into + obscurity, fade into + oblivion.* caer en la tentación = fall into + temptation.* caer en la trampa = fall into + the trap, fall for + it, fall into + the snare.* caer en manos de = fall into + the hands of.* caer en manos enemigas = fall into + enemy hands.* caer en oídos sordos = fall on + deaf ears, meet + deaf ears.* caer en picado = plummet, swoop, take + a nosedive, nosedive.* caer en redondo = flake out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness, pass out, keel over.* caer en terreno baldío = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.* caer en terreno pedregoso = fall on + stony ground.* caer en una broma = fall for + a joke, fall for + it.* caer en una trampa = tumble into + pitfall.* caer en un hábito = lapse into + habit.* caer fuera de = fall outside, lie beyond.* caer fuera del alcance de = fall outside + the scope of.* caer fuera de las responsabilidades de = be on the outer fringes of.* caer fuera del interés de = lie outside + the scope of.* caer fuera del interés de uno = fall outside + Posesivo + interest.* caer fuera del objetivo de = fall outside + the scope of.* caer hecho polvo = flake out.* caer mal = rub + Nombre + up the wrong way.* caer por selección = drop.* caer presa de = fall + prey to, be prey of.* caerse = fall out, fall off, tumble down, topple over, come + a cropper, go down, fall over, take + a tumble.* caerse a = topple onto.* caerse bien = hit it off.* caerse colándose por = fall through.* caerse de = fall off of.* caerse de bruces = fall + flat on + Posesivo + face.* caerse de la cama = roll out of + bed.* caerse hacia atrás = fall backwards.* caerse hacia delante = fall forward.* caérsele la baba por = go + gaga (over).* caerse muerto = drop + dead.* caerse recondo = pass out.* caerse redondo = keel over, flake out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness.* caer sobre = fall onto.* caer un chaparrón = the skies + open up.* caer un diluvio = the skies + open up.* cayéndose a pedazos = disintegrating.* comprar hasta caer muerto = shop 'til you drop.* dejar caer = drop, dump.* dejar caer insinuaciones = throw + hints.* dejar caer una indirecta = drop + a hint.* dejarse caer = drop by, drop in, slump, droop, mosey.* empezar a caer en picado = hit + the skids, be on the skids.* hacer caer = oust.* maná caído del cielo = manna from heaven.* no caer bien = not take + kindly to, not take + kindly to.* no caer en buenas manos = fall into + the wrong hands.* noche + caer = night + fall.* no tener donde caerse muerto = not have two pennies to rub together.* palabras + caer en + saco roto = words + fall on + deaf ears.* precio + caer = price + fall.* recesión + caer en = recession + set in.* salir y caer = fall out (of).* sistema + caerse = system + crash.* telón + caer = curtain + fall.* trabajar hasta caer muerto = work + Reflexivo + to the ground, work + Reflexivo + to death.* volver a caer (en) = relapse (into).* * *■ caer (verbo intransitivo)A de una alturaB caer: chaparrón, nevadaC1 caer: cortinas, falda2 caer: terrenoD1 incurrir2 en un engaño, un timoE entender, darse cuentaF1 en un estado2 caer en un vicioG1 caer: gobierno, plaza etc2 perder el cargo3 caer: soldado4 caer: fugitivo5 caer enfermoH1 caer: desgracia, maldición etc2 caer: tarde, nocheI tocar en suerteJ1 sentarle mal2 en cuestiones de gustoK1 presentarse, aparecer2 caer sobre alguienL1 estar comprendido2 caer: cumpleaños etc3 estar situadoM caer: precios etcN aportar dineroO caer: llamada■ caerse (verbo pronominal)A1 de una altura2 caerse + me/te/le etcB desprenderseC equivocarseD contribuirviA (de una altura) to fall; (de la posición vertical) to fall overcaí mal y me rompí una pierna I fell badly o awkwardly and broke my legtropezó y cayó cuan largo era he tripped and fell flat on his facecayó de espaldas/de bruces she fell flat on her back/facecayeron de rodillas y le pidieron perdón they fell o dropped to their knees and begged for forgivenesscayó el telón the curtain came down o fellla pelota cayó en el pozo the ball fell o dropped into the wellel coche cayó por un precipicio the car went over a cliffcayó muerto allí mismo he dropped down dead on the spotse dejó caer en el sillón she flopped into the armchairse dejó caer desde el borde del precipicio he jumped off from the edge of the cliffel avión cayó en picada or ( Esp) en picado the plane nosedivedel helicóptero cayó en el mar the helicopter came down o crashed in the seale caían lágrimas de los ojos tears fell from her eyes o rolled down her cheeksdejar caer algo ‹objeto› to drop;‹noticia› to let drop o falllo dejó caer así, como quien no quiere la cosa she just slipped it into the conversation, she just let it drop in passingB«chaparrón/nevada»: cayó una helada there was a frostcayó una fuerte nevada it snowed heavilyempezó a caer granizo it began to hailestá cayendo un aguacero it's pouringcayeron unas pocas gotas there were a few drops of rainel rayo cayó muy cerca de aquí the lightning struck very near hereC1 «cortinas/falda» (colgar, pender) to hangcon un poco de almidón la tela cae mejor a little starch makes the fabric hang betterel pelo le caía suelto hasta la cintura her hair hung down to her waist2 «terreno» to drop, fallel terreno cae en pendiente hacia el río the land falls away o slopes down toward(s) the riverD1 (incurrir) caer EN algo:no caigas en el error de decírselo don't make the mistake of telling himno nos dejes caer en la tentación lead us not into temptationcayó en la tentación de leer la carta she succumbed to the temptation to read the letterla obra por momentos cae en lo ridículo at times the play lapses into the ridiculousesos chistes ya caen en lo chabacano those jokes can only be described as vulgarcaer muy bajo to stoop very lowvenderse así es caer muy bajo I wouldn't stoop so low as to sell myself like that¡qué bajo has caído! you've sunk pretty low!, how low can you get!, that's stooping pretty low!2(en un engaño, un timo): a todos nos hizo el mismo cuento y todos caímos he told us all the same story and we all fell for it¿cómo pudiste caer en semejante trampa? how could you be taken in by o fall for a trick like that?caer como chinos or angelitos ( fam): todos cayeron como chinos or angelitos they swallowed it hook, line and sinkerE ( fam)(entender, darse cuenta): ¡ah, ya caigo! oh, now I get it! ( colloq)F1(en un estado): caer en desuso «palabra» to fall into disuse;«costumbre» to die outcaer en el olvido to sink into oblivion2caer en un vicio to get into a bad habitcaer en el alcohol to take to drinkcaer en la droga to start taking drugsG1 «gobierno/ciudad/plaza» to fallla capital había caído en poder del enemigo the capital had fallen into enemy hands¡que no vaya a caer en manos del profesor! don't let the teacher get hold of it!, don't let it fall into the teacher's hands!2 (perder el cargo) to lose one's jobcayó por disentir con ellos he lost his job o ( colloq) came to grief because he disagreed with themvamos a continuar con la investigación, caiga quien caiga we are going to continue with the investigation, however many heads have to roll3 «soldado» (morir) to fall, die4 «fugitivo» (ser apresado) to be caughthan caído los cabecillas de la pandilla the gang leaders have been caught5caer enfermo to fall ill, be taken illcayó en cama he took to his bedyo también caí con gripe I went o came down with flu as wellHla tragedia que ha caído sobre nuestro pueblo the tragedy that has befallen our nation2al caer la tarde/la noche at sunset o dusk/nightfallantes de que caiga la noche before it gets dark o before nightfallI ( fam)(tocar en suerte): le cayó una pregunta muy difícil he got a really difficult question¡te va a caer una bofetada! you're going to get a smack!le cayeron tres años (de cárcel) he got three years (in jail)¿cuántas (asignaturas) te han caído este año? ( Esp); how many subjects have you failed this year?el gordo ha caído en Bilbao the jackpot has been won in BilbaoJ (+ compl)1(sentar): el pescado me cayó mal the fish didn't agree with mele cayó muy mal que no la invitaran she wasn't invited and she took it very badly, she was very upset at o about not being invitedla noticia me cayó como un balde or jarro de agua fría the news came as a real shock2(en cuestiones de gusto): tu primo me cae muy bien or muy simpático I really like your cousinKno podías haber caído en mejor momento you couldn't have turned up o come at a better timede vez en cuando cae or se deja caer por aquí she drops by o in now and thenno podemos caerles así, de improviso we can't just show o turn up on their doorstep without any warningestar al caer: los invitados están al caer the guests will be here any minute o moment (now)2 (abalanzarse) caer SOBRE algn to fall upon o on sbtres enmascarados cayeron sobre él three masked men pounced on him o fell on him o set upon himcayeron sobre el enemigo a medianoche they fell on o ( frml) descended on the enemy at midnightcaerle encima a algn ( fam); to pounce o leap on sbL1 (estar comprendido) caer DENTRO DE algo:ese barrio no cae dentro de nuestra jurisdicción that area doesn't come under o fall within our jurisdictionsu caso no cae dentro de mi competencia his case falls outside the scope of my powers ( frml)eso cae dentro de sus obligaciones that's part of her job, that's one of her dutiescae de lleno dentro de la corriente posmodernista it fits squarely within the postmodernist style2 «cumpleaños/festividad» to fallel 20 de febrero cae en (un) domingo February 20 falls on a Sunday o is a Sunday¿el 27 (en) qué día cae or en qué cae? what day's the 27th?¿eso por dónde cae? whereabouts is that?M «precios/temperatura» (bajar) to fall, dropel dólar ha caído en el mercado internacional the dollar has fallen on the international marketO■ caerseA1 (de una altura) to fall; (de la posición vertical) to fall, fall overbájate de ahí, te vas a caer come down from there, you'll falltropecé y casi me caigo I tripped and nearly fell (over)casi me caigo al agua I nearly fell in o into the waterme caí por las escaleras I fell down the stairsse cayó del caballo he fell off his horsese cayó de la cama she fell out of bedse cayó redondo ( fam); he collapsed in a heapestá que se cae de cansancio ( fam); she's dead on her feet ( colloq), she's ready to drop ( colloq)se cayó y se rompió it fell and smashed2 (+ me/te/le etc):oiga, se le ha caído un guante excuse me, you've dropped your glovese me cayó de las manos it slipped out of my handsten cuidado, no se te vaya a caer be careful, don't drop itpor poco se me cae el armario encima the wardrobe nearly fell on top of mese me están cayendo las medias my stockings are falling downestoy caída con ella I'm in her bad books ( colloq)¡me caigo y no me levanto! ( fam euf) (expresando sorpresa) well, I'll be darned o ( BrE) blowed! ( colloq), good heavens! ( colloq) (expresando irritación) I don't believe it!se cae de or por su propio peso or de maduro it goes without sayingB (desprenderse) «diente» to fall out; «hojas» to fall off; «botón» to come off, fall offse le cayó un diente one of her teeth fell outse le ha empezado a caer el pelo he's started to lose his hair o go baldla ropa se le caía a pedazos de vieja her clothes were so old they were falling to pieces o falling apartD* * *
caer ( conjugate caer) verbo intransitivo
1 ( de una altura) to fall;
( de posición vertical) to fall over;
cayó muerto allí mismo he dropped down dead on the spot;
cayó en el mar it came down in the sea;
caer parado (AmL) to land on one's feet;
dejar caer algo ‹objeto/indirecta› to drop sth.;
dejó caer la noticia que … she let drop the news that …
2a) [chaparrón/nevada]:
cayó una fuerte nevada it snowed heavily;
el rayo cayó cerca the lightning struck nearby
◊ al caer la tarde/noche at sunset o dusk/nightfall
3
4 (en error, trampa):
todos caímos (en la trampa) we all fell for it;
cayó en la tentación de mirar she succumbed to the temptation to look;
caer muy bajo to stoop very low
5 (fam) (entender, darse cuenta):◊ ¡ah, ya caigo! ( ya entiendo) oh, now I get it! (colloq);
( ya recuerdo) oh, now I remember;
no caí en que tú no tenías llave I didn't realize o (fam) I didn't click that you didn't have keys
6 ( en un estado):
caer enfermo to fall ill
7 [gobierno/ciudad] to fall;
[ soldado] ( morir) to fall, die
8 [precios/temperatura] to fall, drop
9a) ( sentar):
le cayó muy mal que no la invitaran she was very upset about not being invitedb) [ persona]:
me cae muy mal (fam) I can't stand him (colloq);
¿qué tal te cayó? what did you think of him?
[cumpleaños/festividad] to fall on;◊ ¿el 27 en qué (día) cae? what day's the 27th?
caerse verbo pronominal
( de posición vertical) to fall, to fall over;
caerse del caballo/de la cama to fall off one's horse/out of bed;
está que se cae de cansancio (fam) she's dead on her feet (colloq)b) caérsele algo a algn:◊ oiga, se le cayó un guante excuse me, you dropped your glove;
no se te vaya a caer don't drop it;
se me cayó de las manos it slipped out of my hands;
se me están cayendo las medias my stockings are falling down
[ hojas] to fall off;
[ botón] to come off, fall off;
caer verbo intransitivo
1 to fall
caer desde lo alto, to fall from the top
caer por la ventana, to fall out of the window
caer por las escaleras, to fall down the stairs
2 (captar) to understand, see: no caí, I didn't twig
US I didn't realize it
ya caigo, ¡qué tontería!, I get it ¡it's easy!
3 (estar situado) to be: eso cae por aquí cerca, it is somewhere near here
4 (tener lugar) to be: ¿cuándo cae este año la Semana Santa?, when is Easter this year?
5 (causar buena o mala impresión) le cae bien/mal, he likes/doesn't like her
parece que el muchacho le cayó en gracia, it seems that he likes the boy
6 (en una situación) caer enfermo, to fall ill
caer en desgracia, to fall out of favour
7 (ir a parar) cayó en las garras del enemigo, she fell into the clutches of the enemy
fuimos a caer en una pensión de mala muerte, we turned up in the guesthouse from hell
♦ Locuciones: caer (muy) bajo, to sink (very) low
dejar caer, (un objeto, una indirecta) to drop
dejarse caer por, to drop by
estar al caer, (a punto de llegar) he'll arrive any minute now
(a punto de ocurrir) it's on the way
al caer el día, in the evening
al caer la noche, at nightfall
' caer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abatimiento
- abatirse
- al
- anillo
- burra
- burro
- chinche
- combatir
- cuenta
- dejarse
- derrumbar
- derrumbarse
- descolgar
- desgracia
- desmayada
- desmayado
- despatarrarse
- desuso
- estar
- gorda
- gordo
- lazada
- pelo
- picada
- picado
- plomo
- pura
- puro
- red
- redonda
- redondo
- resbalar
- tirar
- tirarse
- Tiro
- trampa
- tumbar
- ubicarse
- verter
- balde
- bomba
- caiga
- cama
- cayera
- dejar
- enfermar
- ir
- largar
- muerto
- olvido
English:
bear down on
- clutch
- come down
- deaf
- die out
- disgrace
- disrepute
- down
- drop
- fall
- favor
- favour
- flat
- flop
- freeze
- intimate
- keel over
- land
- lapse
- oblivion
- plummet
- push over
- rub up
- shake down
- sharply
- sink
- slump
- snare
- steeply
- strike
- tailspin
- twig
- walk into
- wise
- beat
- blow
- cascade
- catch
- come
- crash
- die
- go
- hang
- keel
- knock
- nose
- plunge
- realize
- shower
- splash
* * *♦ vi1. [hacia abajo] to fall;cuando caen las hojas when the leaves fall;caer de un tejado/árbol to fall from a roof/tree;caer en un pozo to fall into a well;el avión cayó al mar the plane crashed into the sea;tropezó y cayó al suelo she tripped and fell (over o down);cayó en brazos de su madre she fell into her mother's arms;cayó por la ventana a la calle he fell out of the window into the street;cayó de bruces/de cabeza she fell flat on her face/headlong;cayó redondo he slumped to the ground, he collapsed in a heap;cayó rodando por la escalera she fell down the stairs;dejar caer algo [objeto] to drop sth;dejar caer que… [comentar] to let drop that…;dejó caer la noticia de su renuncia como si no tuviera importancia she casually mentioned the fact that she was resigning as if it were a matter of no importance;hacer caer algo to knock sth down, to make sth fall2. [lluvia, nieve] to fall;caerá nieve por encima de los 1.000 metros snow is expected in areas over 1,000 metres;cayeron cuatro gotas there were a few spots of rain;cayó una helada there was a frost;está cayendo un diluvio it's pouring down;Famestá cayendo una buena it's pouring down, Br it's chucking it down;cayó un rayo a pocos metros del edificio a bolt of lightning struck only a few metres from the building3. [sol] to go down, to set;al caer el sol at sunset;la noche cayó antes de que llegaran al refugio night fell before they reached the shelter4. [colgar] to fall, to hang down;el cabello le caía sobre los hombros her hair hung down to o fell over her shoulders5. [ciudad, gobierno] to fall;el aeropuerto cayó en poder de los insurgentes the airport fell to the rebels, the airport was taken by the rebels;el Imperio Romano cayó en el siglo V the Roman Empire fell in the 5th century;el escándalo hizo caer al Primer Ministro the scandal brought the Prime Minister down;han caído los líderes del comando terrorista the leaders of the terrorist unit have been captured6. [morir] [soldado] to fall, to be killed;caer como moscas to drop like flies7. [decrecer] [interés] to decrease, to subside;[precio] to fall, to go down;ha caído bastante el interés por estos temas interest in these subjects has fallen away o subsided quite a lot;ha caído el precio del café the price of coffee has gone down o fallen;los precios cayeron súbitamente prices fell suddenly;la libra ha caído frente al euro the pound has fallen o dropped against the euroRelno nos dejes caer en la tentación lead us not into temptation;tu actitud cae en lo patético your attitude is nothing less than pathetic;no debemos caer en la provocación we shouldn't allow ourselves to be provoked9. [darse cuenta]no dije nada porque no caí I didn't say anything because it didn't occur to me to do so;caer (en algo) [recordar] to be able to remember (sth);¡ahora caigo! [lo entiendo] I see it now!;[lo recuerdo] now I remember!;ahora caigo en lo que dices now I see what you are saying;Espno caigo I give up, I don't know;caer en la cuenta to realize, to understand;cuando cayó en la cuenta del error, intentó subsanarlo when she realized her mistake, she tried to correct it10. [picar] [en broma] to fall for it;me gastaron una broma, pero no caí they played a trick on me, but I didn't fall for it;caer en una trampa to fall into a trapnos cayó la mala suerte we had bad luck;me cayó el tema que mejor me sabía I got a question on the subject I knew best;le cayeron dos años (de cárcel) he got two years (in jail);la desgracia cayó sobre él he was overtaken by misfortune;¿cómo me ha podido caer a mí un trabajo así? how did I end up getting a job like this?;procura que el informe no caiga en sus manos try to avoid the report falling into her handscae en domingo it falls on a Sunday;¿en qué día cae Navidad este año? what day (of the week) is Christmas this year?¿por dónde cae la oficina de turismo? where's o whereabouts is the tourist information centre?;los baños caen a la izquierda the toilets are on the left;cae en el segundo capítulo it's in the second chapter;eso cae fuera de mis competencias that is o falls outside my remitcayó en cama he took to his bed;caer en desuso to fall into disuse;caer en el olvido to fall into oblivion;caer en la desesperación to fall into despair;caer en desgracia to fall into disgrace15. [sentar]caer bien/mal [comentario, noticia] to go down well/badly;su comentario no cayó nada bien her comment didn't go down well;caer bien/mal a alguien [comida, bebida] to agree/disagree with sb;Esp [ropa] to suit/not to suit sb; Esplos pantalones ajustados no te caen nada bien tight trousers don't suit you at all;caer como un jarro de agua fría to come as a real shockme cae mal I can't stand him;tu hermano me cae muy mal I can't stand your brother;me cayó mal I didn't like him at all;cae mal a todo el mundo he doesn't get on with anyone;Famtu jefe me cae gordo I can't stand your bosscayeron sobre la ciudad para saquearla they fell upon the city and pillaged itla mitad de la clase cayó en el primer examen half the class failed the first exam;¿cuántas te han caído? how many did you fail?el equipo ha caído mucho en el último mes the team has gone seriously off the boil over the last month21. Am [visitar] to drop in22. Compcaer (muy) bajo to sink (very) low;parece mentira que hayas caído tan bajo I can hardly believe that you would sink so low;¡qué bajo has caído! I never thought you'd sink so low!;caer por su propio peso to be self-evident;todos mis consejos cayeron en saco roto all my advice fell on deaf ears;dejarse caer por casa de alguien to drop by sb's house;estar al caer to be about to arrive;ya son las cinco, así que deben de estar al caer it's five o'clock, so they should be arriving any minute now;el anuncio debe de estar al caer the announcement should be made any minute now;se proseguirá con la investigación caiga quien caiga the investigation will proceed no matter who might be implicated o even if it means that heads will roll;RP Famcaer parado to fall on one's feet* * *I v/i1 fall;caer sobre fall on;dejar caer algo drop sth;caer enfermo fall ill;caer en lunes fall on a Monday;al caer la noche at sunset o nightfall;caiga quien caiga no matter whose head has to roll;caer muy bajo fig stoop very low;dejarse caer fam flop down2:me cae bien/mal fig I like/don’t like him:cae cerca it’s not far;¿por dónde cae este pueblo? whereabouts is this village?4:estar al caer be about to arrive;¡ahora caigo! fig now I get it!* * *caer {13} vi1) : to fall, to drop2) : to collapse3) : to hang (down)4)me caes bien: I like you5)caer mal or* * *caer vb2. (fecha) to be / to falleste año, mi cumpleaños cae en martes my birthday is on a Tuesday this year3. (entender) to get somethingcaer desmayado to faint / to collapseestar al caer to be almost here / to be about to arrive -
69 meter la pata
familiar to put one's foot in it* * ** * *(v.) = bark up + the wrong tree, be caught out, put + Posesivo + foot in it, put + Posesivo + foot in + Posesivo + mouth, shoot + Reflexivo + in the foot, stick + Posesivo + foot in it, screw up, make + a bloomer, slip up, make + a blunder, drop + a clanger, drop + a bollock, blunderEx. The article ' Barking up the wrong tree' argues that the belief, by many book publishers, that they can use the Internet to bypass booksellers and sell their books direct to purchasers, is fallacious.Ex. All librarians can tell tales of being caught out in this way, to learn of their error only when the answer has been produced: information on dance-halls when dinosaurs was asked for, or on the grey starling when something on Grace Darling was what was wanted = Todos los bibliotecarios pueden contar historias de cuando han metido la pata de este modo para aprender del error sólo cuando se ha producido la respuesta: información sobre los salones de baile cuando se preguntaba por los dinosaurios, o sobre el estornino gris cuando se quería algo sobre Grace Darling.Ex. She somehow manages to put her foot in it and get laughed at every time, usually as a direct consequence of her unsureness of her own capabilities.Ex. She put her foot in her mouth when she asked a fat woman who was not pregnant when her baby was due.Ex. In other words, we have become our worst enemy, continually shooting ourselves in the foot.Ex. She's just always shooting her mouth off and sticking her foot in it.Ex. Although we're lucky to have them, eager beavers can screw up if you give them the opportunity.Ex. He is well-known for making bloomers in public engagements.Ex. He knew that if he slipped up again, he could be shipped to a higher-security prison and lose many of his privileges.Ex. Since its independence 61 years ago our nation has erred, but this time they have made a blunder.Ex. After dropping a clanger, you are left with a sense of shame and you just want to disappear and hide away.Ex. But we are all only human and I have recently ' dropped a bollock' as we English say.Ex. Michael Howard has blundered again, and again he has done so by trying to imitate Blair while lacking his finesse.* * *(v.) = bark up + the wrong tree, be caught out, put + Posesivo + foot in it, put + Posesivo + foot in + Posesivo + mouth, shoot + Reflexivo + in the foot, stick + Posesivo + foot in it, screw up, make + a bloomer, slip up, make + a blunder, drop + a clanger, drop + a bollock, blunderEx: The article ' Barking up the wrong tree' argues that the belief, by many book publishers, that they can use the Internet to bypass booksellers and sell their books direct to purchasers, is fallacious.
Ex: All librarians can tell tales of being caught out in this way, to learn of their error only when the answer has been produced: information on dance-halls when dinosaurs was asked for, or on the grey starling when something on Grace Darling was what was wanted = Todos los bibliotecarios pueden contar historias de cuando han metido la pata de este modo para aprender del error sólo cuando se ha producido la respuesta: información sobre los salones de baile cuando se preguntaba por los dinosaurios, o sobre el estornino gris cuando se quería algo sobre Grace Darling.Ex: She somehow manages to put her foot in it and get laughed at every time, usually as a direct consequence of her unsureness of her own capabilities.Ex: She put her foot in her mouth when she asked a fat woman who was not pregnant when her baby was due.Ex: In other words, we have become our worst enemy, continually shooting ourselves in the foot.Ex: She's just always shooting her mouth off and sticking her foot in it.Ex: Although we're lucky to have them, eager beavers can screw up if you give them the opportunity.Ex: He is well-known for making bloomers in public engagements.Ex: He knew that if he slipped up again, he could be shipped to a higher-security prison and lose many of his privileges.Ex: Since its independence 61 years ago our nation has erred, but this time they have made a blunder.Ex: After dropping a clanger, you are left with a sense of shame and you just want to disappear and hide away.Ex: But we are all only human and I have recently ' dropped a bollock' as we English say.Ex: Michael Howard has blundered again, and again he has done so by trying to imitate Blair while lacking his finesse. -
70 número
m.1 number, amount, quantity, sum.2 number, numeral, Arabic numeral, cipher.3 size, number.4 issue, copy, number.5 act, number.* * *1 (gen) number2 (de una publicación) number, issue3 (de zapatos) size■ ¿qué número calzas? what's your shoe size?, what size shoe do you take?4 (de un espectáculo) act5 (de lotería) lottery ticket number6 (cargo sin graduación) officer7 LINGÚÍSTICA number8 familiar scene\en números redondos in round figuresen números rojos in the redhacer números to do the figuresmontar un número familiar to make a scenepedir número to take a numbered ticketser el número uno to be the number oneser miembro de número to be a full membernúmero arábigo Arabic numeralnúmero atrasado back numbernúmero de matrícula registration number, US license numbernúmero de serie serial numbernúmero entero whole numbernúmero extraordinario (en prensa) special edition, special issuenúmero fraccionario fractionnúmero impar odd numbernúmero ordinal ordinal numbernúmero par even numbernúmero primo prime numbernúmero quebrado fractionnúmero romano Roman numeral* * *noun m.1) number2) issue3) figure4) size* * *SM1) (Mat) numbervolver a números negros — to get back into the black, return to profitability
•
de número, miembro de número — full memberprofesor de número — tenured teacher, teacher with a permanent post
•
sin número, calle Aribau, sin número — Aribau street, no numbernúmero binario — (Inform) binary number
número de identificación fiscal — ID number used for tax purposes
número de lote — batch number, batch code
número de matrícula — (Aut) registration number
número de teléfono — telephone number, phone number
número dos — (lit) number two
el número dos del partido — the second in command of the party, the party's number two
número personal de identificación — (=clave) personal identification number
para mí, Sinatra será siempre el número uno — for me Sinatra will always be number one
el jugador número uno de su país — the number one player in his country, the top player in his country
2) [de zapatos] size3) [de periódico, revista] number, issuenúmero cero — dummy number, dummy run
número extraordinario — special edition, special issue
4) (=billete de lotería) ticket5) (Teat) act, number6) (Gram) number7) (Mil) man; (=soldado raso) private; (=policía) policeman* * *1)a) (Mat) numberproblemas sin número — innumerable o countless problems
en números redondos — in round numbers
estar en números rojos — (fam) to be in the red (colloq)
hacer números — to do one's arithmetic o (BrE) sums
b) ( de zapatos) size¿qué número calzas? — what size shoe do you take?
c) ( billete de lotería) lottery ticket2) (Espec) actmontar un/el número — (Esp fam) to kick up a fuss (colloq)
3) ( de publicación) issue* * *= extent, incidence, issue, number, numeral, percentage, tally [tallies, pl.], scale.Ex. The extent of searchable elements will vary from one data base to another.Ex. The number of entries in pre-co-ordinate system will depend upon the incidence of references and multiple entries.Ex. This is an issue devoted in part to papers presented at the conference arranged and hosted by the State Library of New South Wales.Ex. The headings will be arranged according to the filing sequence of the notation (for example, alphabetically for letters or numerically for numbers).Ex. Records can be retrieved by character strings (that is, sequences of letters and numerals).Ex. But those institutions, and I am referring particularly to public libraries, serve a very large percentage of the nation's library users.Ex. As the various parts of the record are entered, the document summary indicates the additions by the tallies opposite the record parts.Ex. I have a feeling that all our old technologies are getting progressively more expensive and more inefficient, and that all our new technologies are getting progressively cheaper and more efficient because of questions of scale.----* acción de marcar un número = dialling.* admitir un número de reservas mayor a las plazas existentes = overbook.* área del número normalizado y de las condiciones de adquisición = International Standard Book Number and terms of availability area, standard number and terms of availability area.* aumentar en número = grow in + numbers, increase in + numbers.* base de un número = subscript numeral.* colorear por números = paint by + numbers.* con el número = numbered.* con un gran número de lectores = widely-read.* cuadrar números = add up + figures.* el mismo número = as many.* en el mismo número de años = in as many years.* enemigo público número uno = public enemy number one.* en grandes números = in record numbers.* en gran número = numerously.* en números redondos = in round figures.* en números reducidos = in small numbers.* en un número cada vez mayor = in increasing numbers.* exceder en número = outnumber.* exponente de un número = superscript numeral.* ficha de número de registro = accessions card.* gran número de = great numbers of.* integridad de los números = integrity of numbers.* línea de números = number line.* marcar un número de teléfono = dial + number.* montar un número = kick up + a fuss, kick up + a stink, raise + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row.* nº (número) + Número = # (number) + Número, no. (number) + Número.* Norma Británica 1749: Recomendaciones para la ordenación alfabética y el ord = BS (British Standard) 1749: Recommendations for alphabetical arrangement and the filing order of numerals and symbols.* número actual = current issue.* Número + al año = Número + annually.* Número + al día = Número + a day.* número anterior = backrun, back issue.* número aproximado = ballpark number.* número arábigo = Arabic numeral.* número atrasado = back issue, back copy.* número binario = binary digit.* Número + cada año = Número + annually.* número cada vez mayor = rising numbers.* número capicúo = palindrome.* número consecutivo = running number.* número de adquisiciones = acquisition rate.* número de alumnos matriculados = enrolment [enrollment, -USA].* Número + de ancho = Número + wide.* número de aprobados = pass rate.* número de asientos = seating.* número de bibliografía nacional = national record number.* número de búsquedas fallidas = failure rate.* número decimal = decimal number.* número de citas = number of citations.* número de clasificación = class mark [classmark], class number, classification number, rank number.* número de control = control number.* número de documentos devueltos a los estantes = shelving statistics.* número de ejemplar = copy number.* número de emergencia = hotline [hot-line].* número de exportaciones = export figures.* número de fascículo = issue number.* número de identificación = ID number (identification number).* número de identificación del documento = library registration number.* número de intentos fallidos = failure rate.* número de la bibliografía nacional = national bibliographic record number.* número de la búsqueda = set number.* Número + de largo = Número + long.* número de la tarjeta de crédito = credit card number.* número del documento = document identification number, document number.* número de lector = borrower number.* número del editor = publisher's number (música).* número de matrícula = registration number, car registration number.* número de modelo = model number.* número de muertos = death toll.* número de opus = opus number.* número de orden = rank number.* número de páginas = pagination.* número de palabras = wordage.* número de participantes = turnout.* número de pedido = order number.* número de plancha = plate number.* número de préstamo = charging number.* número de préstamos = circulation figures.* número de publicaciones = publication count.* número de referencia del documento = document reference number.* número de referencias = number of citations.* número de registro = accession number, card number.* número de relación = linking number.* número de respuestas recibidas = response rate, rate of response.* número de serie = serial number.* número de solicitudes denegadas = failure rate.* número de suspensos = failure rate.* número de tarjeta de proceso = transaction card number.* número de teléfono = phone number, telephone number, dial-up number, dial-up number, dial-up number.* número de teléfono de llamada gratuita = toll free telephone number, toll-free number.* número de teléfono que no está incluido en el directorio telefónico = unlisted telephone number.* número de tema = thematic index number.* número determinado de = nth.* número de víctimas = death toll.* número de volumen = volume number.* número entero = integer.* número entero positivo = positive integer.* Número + en total = Número + in number.* número equivocado = wrong number.* número especial = special issue, special number.* número identificado de un ordenador en una red = network address.* número impar = odd number.* número indicador de materia = SIN, Subject Indicator Number.* Número Internacional Normalizado para Libros (ISBN) = ISBN (International Standard Book Number).* Número Internacional Normalizado para Publicaciones Seriadas (ISSN) = ISSN (International Standard Serial Number).* número limitado de alumnos matriculados = limited enrolment.* número mágico = magic number.* número matriz = master number.* número monográfico = thematic issue.* número nacional de identificación bibliográfica = national bibliography number.* número normalizado = standard number.* número ordinal = ordinal, ordinal number.* número par = even number.* número pin = PIN (personal identification number), PIN number.* Número + por ciento = by + factor of + Número, Número + percentage points.* número reclamado = claimed issue.* número romano = roman numeral.* números recientes de las revistas = current journals.* número total = head count.* número trascendente = transcendental number.* número trece = thirteenth.* número uno = number one.* Número + vez = Número + time.* número y distribución de personal = staffing conditions.* ordenación por número curren = accession order, accession order, arrangement by accession number.* ordenado por número de clasificación = in class number order.* ordenar por número curren = arrange by + accession number.* PIN (número de identificación personal) = PIN (personal identification number).* poner a + Número = set to + Número.* procesador de números = number cruncher.* redondear al número entero más cercano = round up to + the nearest whole number.* sección de últimos números de publicaciones periódicas = current periodicals area.* ser de número limitado = be limited in number.* superar en número = outnumber.* tarifa por el número de operaciones = volume-based tariff.* último número, el = latest issue, the.* una gran número de = a broad variety of.* un buen número de = a good number of.* un cierto número de = a number of.* un gran número de = a good deal of, a great deal of, a plethora of, a wide range of, a full roster of, a fair number of, a great number of, a wide variety of, a broad range of, a vast corpus of.* un número cada vez mayor = growing numbers.* un número cada vez mayor de = a growing number of, a growing body of.* un número de = a series of.* un número reducido de = a residue of, a small number of.* un número variado de + Nombre = any number of + Nombre.* * *1)a) (Mat) numberproblemas sin número — innumerable o countless problems
en números redondos — in round numbers
estar en números rojos — (fam) to be in the red (colloq)
hacer números — to do one's arithmetic o (BrE) sums
b) ( de zapatos) size¿qué número calzas? — what size shoe do you take?
c) ( billete de lotería) lottery ticket2) (Espec) actmontar un/el número — (Esp fam) to kick up a fuss (colloq)
3) ( de publicación) issue* * *= extent, incidence, issue, number, numeral, percentage, tally [tallies, pl.], scale.Ex: The extent of searchable elements will vary from one data base to another.
Ex: The number of entries in pre-co-ordinate system will depend upon the incidence of references and multiple entries.Ex: This is an issue devoted in part to papers presented at the conference arranged and hosted by the State Library of New South Wales.Ex: The headings will be arranged according to the filing sequence of the notation (for example, alphabetically for letters or numerically for numbers).Ex: Records can be retrieved by character strings (that is, sequences of letters and numerals).Ex: But those institutions, and I am referring particularly to public libraries, serve a very large percentage of the nation's library users.Ex: As the various parts of the record are entered, the document summary indicates the additions by the tallies opposite the record parts.Ex: I have a feeling that all our old technologies are getting progressively more expensive and more inefficient, and that all our new technologies are getting progressively cheaper and more efficient because of questions of scale.* acción de marcar un número = dialling.* admitir un número de reservas mayor a las plazas existentes = overbook.* área del número normalizado y de las condiciones de adquisición = International Standard Book Number and terms of availability area, standard number and terms of availability area.* aumentar en número = grow in + numbers, increase in + numbers.* base de un número = subscript numeral.* colorear por números = paint by + numbers.* con el número = numbered.* con un gran número de lectores = widely-read.* cuadrar números = add up + figures.* el mismo número = as many.* en el mismo número de años = in as many years.* enemigo público número uno = public enemy number one.* en grandes números = in record numbers.* en gran número = numerously.* en números redondos = in round figures.* en números reducidos = in small numbers.* en un número cada vez mayor = in increasing numbers.* exceder en número = outnumber.* exponente de un número = superscript numeral.* ficha de número de registro = accessions card.* gran número de = great numbers of.* integridad de los números = integrity of numbers.* línea de números = number line.* marcar un número de teléfono = dial + number.* montar un número = kick up + a fuss, kick up + a stink, raise + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row.* nº (número) + Número = \# (number) + Número, no. (number) + Número.* Norma Británica 1749: Recomendaciones para la ordenación alfabética y el ord = BS (British Standard) 1749: Recommendations for alphabetical arrangement and the filing order of numerals and symbols.* número actual = current issue.* Número + al año = Número + annually.* Número + al día = Número + a day.* número anterior = backrun, back issue.* número aproximado = ballpark number.* número arábigo = Arabic numeral.* número atrasado = back issue, back copy.* número binario = binary digit.* Número + cada año = Número + annually.* número cada vez mayor = rising numbers.* número capicúo = palindrome.* número consecutivo = running number.* número de adquisiciones = acquisition rate.* número de alumnos matriculados = enrolment [enrollment, -USA].* Número + de ancho = Número + wide.* número de aprobados = pass rate.* número de asientos = seating.* número de bibliografía nacional = national record number.* número de búsquedas fallidas = failure rate.* número decimal = decimal number.* número de citas = number of citations.* número de clasificación = class mark [classmark], class number, classification number, rank number.* número de control = control number.* número de documentos devueltos a los estantes = shelving statistics.* número de ejemplar = copy number.* número de emergencia = hotline [hot-line].* número de exportaciones = export figures.* número de fascículo = issue number.* número de identificación = ID number (identification number).* número de identificación del documento = library registration number.* número de intentos fallidos = failure rate.* número de la bibliografía nacional = national bibliographic record number.* número de la búsqueda = set number.* Número + de largo = Número + long.* número de la tarjeta de crédito = credit card number.* número del documento = document identification number, document number.* número de lector = borrower number.* número del editor = publisher's number (música).* número de matrícula = registration number, car registration number.* número de modelo = model number.* número de muertos = death toll.* número de opus = opus number.* número de orden = rank number.* número de páginas = pagination.* número de palabras = wordage.* número de participantes = turnout.* número de pedido = order number.* número de plancha = plate number.* número de préstamo = charging number.* número de préstamos = circulation figures.* número de publicaciones = publication count.* número de referencia del documento = document reference number.* número de referencias = number of citations.* número de registro = accession number, card number.* número de relación = linking number.* número de respuestas recibidas = response rate, rate of response.* número de serie = serial number.* número de solicitudes denegadas = failure rate.* número de suspensos = failure rate.* número de tarjeta de proceso = transaction card number.* número de teléfono = phone number, telephone number, dial-up number, dial-up number, dial-up number.* número de teléfono de llamada gratuita = toll free telephone number, toll-free number.* número de teléfono que no está incluido en el directorio telefónico = unlisted telephone number.* número de tema = thematic index number.* número determinado de = nth.* número de víctimas = death toll.* número de volumen = volume number.* número entero = integer.* número entero positivo = positive integer.* Número + en total = Número + in number.* número equivocado = wrong number.* número especial = special issue, special number.* número identificado de un ordenador en una red = network address.* número impar = odd number.* número indicador de materia = SIN, Subject Indicator Number.* Número Internacional Normalizado para Libros (ISBN) = ISBN (International Standard Book Number).* Número Internacional Normalizado para Publicaciones Seriadas (ISSN) = ISSN (International Standard Serial Number).* número limitado de alumnos matriculados = limited enrolment.* número mágico = magic number.* número matriz = master number.* número monográfico = thematic issue.* número nacional de identificación bibliográfica = national bibliography number.* número normalizado = standard number.* número ordinal = ordinal, ordinal number.* número par = even number.* número pin = PIN (personal identification number), PIN number.* Número + por ciento = by + factor of + Número, Número + percentage points.* número reclamado = claimed issue.* número romano = roman numeral.* números recientes de las revistas = current journals.* número total = head count.* número trascendente = transcendental number.* número trece = thirteenth.* número uno = number one.* Número + vez = Número + time.* número y distribución de personal = staffing conditions.* ordenación por número curren = accession order, accession order, arrangement by accession number.* ordenado por número de clasificación = in class number order.* ordenar por número curren = arrange by + accession number.* PIN (número de identificación personal) = PIN (personal identification number).* poner a + Número = set to + Número.* procesador de números = number cruncher.* redondear al número entero más cercano = round up to + the nearest whole number.* sección de últimos números de publicaciones periódicas = current periodicals area.* ser de número limitado = be limited in number.* superar en número = outnumber.* tarifa por el número de operaciones = volume-based tariff.* último número, el = latest issue, the.* una gran número de = a broad variety of.* un buen número de = a good number of.* un cierto número de = a number of.* un gran número de = a good deal of, a great deal of, a plethora of, a wide range of, a full roster of, a fair number of, a great number of, a wide variety of, a broad range of, a vast corpus of.* un número cada vez mayor = growing numbers.* un número cada vez mayor de = a growing number of, a growing body of.* un número de = a series of.* un número reducido de = a residue of, a small number of.* un número variado de + Nombre = any number of + Nombre.* * *A1 ( Mat) numbervive en el número 15 she lives at number 15el número premiado es el 10895 the winning number is (number) 10895pagó una suma de seis números he paid a six figure sumun número cada vez mayor de emigrantes more and more emigrantsel gran número de respuestas recibidas the large number of replies receivedproblemas sin número innumerable o countless problemsen números redondos in round numberstengo la cuenta en números rojos my account is o I'm in the red ( colloq)hacer números to do one's arithmetic o ( BrE) sums2 (de zapatos) [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ] size¿qué número calzas? what size shoe do you take?3 (billete de lotería) lottery ticketCompuestos:random numberArabic numeralatomic numberbinary numbercardinal numbercomplex numberdecimalvehicle identification numberaccount numberfax numberidentity number(de persona) identity number; (de producto) identification number● número de identificación fiscal or tributariaPIN number, Personal Identification Number(en Esp) national identity card numbermass numberserial numbertelephone numberflight numberwhole numberfractionodd numbermixed numberordinal numbereven numberperfect numberprime numberreal numberRoman numerales el número uno de su clase he's top of o the best in his classel número uno egipcio the Egyptian leaderB ( Espec) actun excelente número cómico an excellent comedy act o ( BrE) turnC (de una publicación) issueel número del mes de mayo the May issue o editionun número especial or extraordinario a special issue o editionnúmeros atrasados back numbers o issuesD (en gramática) number* * *
Del verbo numerar: ( conjugate numerar)
numero es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
numeró es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
numerar
número
numerar ( conjugate numerar) verbo transitivo
to number
número sustantivo masculino
1a) (Mat) number;
número de matrícula license number (AmE), registration number (BrE);
número de serie serial number;
número de teléfono/fax phone/fax number;
una suma de seis números a six figure sum;
problemas sin número innumerable o countless problems
◊ ¿qué número calzas? what size shoe do you take?
2a) (Espec) act
numerar verbo transitivo to number
número sustantivo masculino
1 number: me equivoqué al escribir el último número, I made a mistake writting the last figure
soy el número tres de la lista, I'm third on the list
número de teléfono, telephone number
número par/impar, even/odd number
un buen número de personas, a large number of people
2 (de una revista) number, issue
número atrasado, back number
3 (de calzado) size
4 (de un espectáculo) sketch, act
5 familiar montar un número, to make a scene
6 (billete de juego de azar) ticket: tengo un número de lotería de Navidad, I have a Christmas lottery ticket
♦ Locuciones: números rojos, in the red: mi cuenta está en números rojos, my account is in the red
' número' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acrecentar
- acrobacia
- aforo
- arábiga
- arábigo
- atrasada
- atrasado
- cabeza
- calzar
- cantidad
- capicúa
- cardinal
- cifra
- espectáculo
- espuma
- herida
- herido
- imaginaria
- imaginario
- indeterminada
- indeterminado
- matrícula
- n.º
- núm.
- otra
- otro
- par
- pasada
- pasado
- plato
- premiada
- premiado
- prima
- primo
- quedarse
- redonda
- redondo
- referencia
- repetida
- repetido
- rey
- salir
- serie
- superior
- teléfono
- terminación
- abundar
- buscar
- ciento
- cinco
English:
accurate
- act
- admission
- alarming
- Arabic numeral
- army
- back
- copy
- death toll
- dial
- eight
- even
- exact
- fascism
- flock
- grand finale
- grand total
- growth
- intake
- integer
- issue
- licence number
- low
- lucky
- membership
- myriad
- N
- no.
- number
- numeral
- O
- odd
- one
- ordinal
- outnumber
- over
- poll
- prime
- registration number
- round
- round down
- round up
- routine
- scene
- serial
- size
- special
- stock up
- strength
- strong
* * *número nm1. [signo] number;mi número de la suerte my lucky number;en números rojos in the red;hacer números to reckon up;ser el número uno to be number one;[en lista de éxitos] to top the charts;fue el número uno de su promoción he was the best in his year;el número dos del partido republicano the number two o second in command of the Republican Party;sin número [muchos] countless, innumerable;un sin número de modelos diferentes countless o innumerable different modelsnúmero de afiliación a la seguridad social Br national insurance number, US social security number;número atómico atomic number;número binario binary number;número cardinal cardinal number;número complejo complex number;número de cuenta account number;número entero whole number, integer;Fot número f f number;número de fax fax number;número fraccionario fraction;número de identificación personal PIN (number);número impar odd number;Informát número IP IP number;número irracional irrational number;[de alumno] matriculation number;número natural natural number;número ordinal ordinal number;número par even number;número primo prime number;número quebrado fraction;número racional rational number;número redondo round number;número de referencia reference number;Informát número de registro registration number;número romano Roman numeral;número de serie serial number;número de sucursal [de banco] sort code;número de teléfono telephone number2. [tamaño, talla] size;¿qué número calzas? what size shoe are you?, what size shoe do you take?3. [de publicación] issue, numbernúmero atrasado back number;número extraordinario special edition o issue4. [de lotería] ticket5. Gram number6. [de espectáculo] turn, number;Esp Fammontar el número to make o cause a scene* * *m1 number;un gran número de a large number of;sin número countless;ser el número uno be number one, be the best;en números redondos in round figures;en números rojos fig in the red;hacer números fam add up the figures, Brdo one’s sums2 de publicación issue3 de zapato size4:montar un número fam make a scene5:* * *número nm1) : numbernúmero impar: odd numbernúmero ordinal: ordinal numbernúmero arábico: Arabic numeralnúmero quebrado: fraction2) : issue (of a publication)3)sin número : countless* * *número n1. (en general) number2. (de calzado) size¿qué número calzas? what size do you take in shoes?3. (publicación) issue4. (espectáculo) act / number -
71 number one
1. n phr; разг.(number one (тж. Number One))собственная персона, своё "я" (обыкн. look after или take care of number one)...for ours, as the reader has possibly already discovered, is a Selfish Story and almost every person... is occupied about Number One. (W. Thackeray, ‘Pendennis’, vol. II, ch. LVI) —...как уже, вероятно, заметил читатель, мы ведем повествование об эгоистах, и почти каждое действующее лицо... усиленно занимается собственной персоной.
When shall I learn to look after number one and not fritter away my energy on altruistic crusades? (R. Aldington, ‘Rejected Guest’, ch. 20) — Когда только я научусь думать о себе и перестану тратить время и свои силы на всякие альтруистские затеи?
2. adj phr; разг.Take myself - I choose that example because after all number one is what I know most about. (J. Lindsay, ‘Rising Tide’, ch. XIII) — К примеру, возьмем меня. Я говорю о себе, потому что, в конце концов, о себе я знаю больше всего.
(number one (тж. Number One))1) главный, первый, самый важныйPresident Roosevelt had called the South "the nation's economic problem number one". (W. Foster, ‘The Negro People in American History’, ch. 44) — Президент Рузвельт сказал однажды, что Юг - "это экономическая проблема страны номер один".
It took him a long time, but now he's Number One man in Rodnik. (S. Heym, ‘The Eyes of Reason’, book II, ch. 17) — Карел долго выжидал, зато теперь он самая важная персона в Роднике.
Dr. Leonard A. Scheele, Surgeon General of the United States Public Health Service, has stated that mental illness constitutes the nation's number one public health enemy. (G. Green, ‘The Enemy Forgotten’, ch. VIII) — Доктор Леонард А. Скил, главный хирург Службы здравоохранения Соединенных Штатов, заявил, что психические заболевания - злейший бич населения страны.
2) первоклассный, первосортный‘I have spoken to Bing,’ he offered. ‘I don't like him, personally. He thinks he knows a lot. But he will turn out an A Number One job.’ (S. Heym, ‘The Crusaders’, book I, ch. 2) — - Я уже поговорил с Бингом, - заявил он. - Лично я его терпеть не могу. Уж больно много о себе воображает. Но листовку он напишет первоклассную.
-
72 rest
̈ɪrest I
1. сущ.
1) а) покой, отдых, тж. сон complete rest ≈ полный отдых take a rest without rest set smb.'s mind at rest set a question at rest day of rest at rest bed rest earned rest go to rest retire to rest Syn: repose, relief б) вечный покой, смерть lay to rest в) австрал. сл. срок на один год тюрьмы
2) а) перерыв, пауза;
передышка б) муз. пауза
3) неподвижность bring to rest
4) а) место для отдыха (гостиница, пансионат и т. п.) б) прям. перен. опора;
подставка, подпорка;
упор;
стойка armrest rest chin rest в) тех. суппорт;
воен. сошка г) кий с подставкой (в биллиарде) ∙ Syn: residence, abode ∙ rest-room ≈ туалет
2. гл.
1) а) отдыхать, давать отдых, покой to rest from one's labours ≈ отдыхать от трудов rest your men for an hour ≈ дайте людям передохнуть часок rest up Syn: comfort б) оставаться спокойным, не волноваться He could not rest till he got his wish. ≈ Он не мог успокоиться, пока не получил, что хотел. в) театр. быть незанятым ни в каких ролях, быть безработным в данный период( об актере)
2) а) покоиться, лежать (в частности, в могиле) ;
амер. находиться в каком-л. специальном месте( церкви, доме;
о теле в промежутке между смертью и погребением) It was so comfortable resting in his arms. ≈ Было так хорошо лежать в его объятиях. My father is dead;
may he rest in peace. ≈ Мой отец умер, упокой Господь его душу. Let us rest his body in his family grave. ≈ Давайте похороним его в семейном склепе. Syn: lie б) класть, прислонять Rest your head against the back of the chair. ≈ Откинь голову на спинку кресла. Syn: support в) прям. перен. держать(ся), основывать(ся), лежать на;
опираться (on, upon, against) г) покоиться (о взгляде) ;
останавливаться, быть прикованным ( о взгляде, внимании, мыслях) (on, upon) His eyes rested on the peaceful valley below. ≈ Его взгляд лежал на мирной долине внизу. д) быть возложенным, лежать (об ответственности, вине и т. п.) ;
возлагать (ответственность и т. п. на кого-л.) Enough of blood rests on my head. ≈ На моих руках достаточно крови. It rests with the court to decide the prisoners guilt. ≈ Решить, виновны подсудимые или нет - дело суда. The nation rests too much power in the President. ≈ Народ доверил президенту слишком много власти.
3) а) оставаться неподвижным б) оставаться без изменений let the matter rest
4) с.-х. находиться под паром( об участке земли)
5) юр. прекращать дело по своему желанию, отзывать иск из суда (о тяжущихся сторонах) ∙ to rest on one's laurels ≈ почивать на лаврах II
1. сущ.
1) а) остаток, остальное, другие, прочие, остальные( с определенным артиклем) the rest of us all the rest of it for the rest Syn: remainder, remnant, other б) мн. редк. останки Syn: remains в) мн. редк. реликвии, древности Syn: remnants, relics
2) фин. резервный фонд (особенно о Банке Англии)
2. гл.
1) оставаться, сохраняться
2) а) оставаться, оказываться в каком-л. состоянии To let his son's fate rest a dark and cruel mystery. ≈ Чтобы судьба его сына осталась темной и ужасной тайной. His mind was much too active and powerful to rest satisfied. ≈ Его душа была слишком живой и великой, чтобы остаться удовлетворенной. It rests with you to announce it. ≈ Однако, именно вам надлежит объявить об этом. б) редк. прощальная формула в письме I rest your affectionate sister, E. ≈ Остаюсь твоя любящая сестра, Э
3) быть должным, задолжать He rests me nothing. ≈ Он мне ничего не должен. покой, отдых;
сон - day of * день отдыха, выходной день, воскресенье - without * без отдыха, без передышки - at * в покое - to be at * успокоиться - to set smb.'s mind at * успокоить кого-л. - to set a question at * улаживать вопрос - to go /to retire/ to * ложиться отдыхать /спать/ - to take a * отдыхать;
спать - to have a good night's * хорошо выспаться - I could get no * у меня не было ни минуты покоя /отдыха/;
я не сомкнул глаз - my mind is at * about the matter этот вопрос меня больше не тревожит - his fears were laid to * его опасения исчезли вечный покой, смерть - to lay to * хоронить - to be at * with one's fathers отойти к праотцам, уснуть вечным сном - to be at * from toil обрести вечный покой - he has gone to his * он умер перерыв, пауза, передышка - * area (военное) район расположения войск на отдых - * halt (военное) остановка на отдых, привал - to make a * from work сделать передышку - he had several *s on his way up the mountain при подъеме на гору он несколько раз отдыхал (военное) положение "вольно" неподвижность - at * неподвижный - to bring to * останавливать - the horses were brought to * лошадей остановили - to come to * остановиться место отдыха, клуб( обыкн. для моряков) (специальное) упор, опора ( техническое) суппорт;
люнет( спортивное) упор (точка опоры ниже уровня плеч) - arm * упор на руках - bent arm /cross, front/ * упор на согнутых руках (музыкальное) пауза (стихосложение) цезура отдыхать;
лежать;
спать - he likes to * after dinner после обеда он любит отдохнуть покоиться - he *s in the churchyard он покоится на кладбище - let her * in peace мир праху ее лежать, покоиться - clouds *ing on mountain tops облака, лежащие на вершинах гор - my eye *ed on those remote blue peaks мой взор был прикован к этим далеким голубым вершинам отдыхать (от дел и т. п.), не работать - to * from one's labours отдыхать от /после/ трудов - not to let the enemy * не давать покоя противнику - to * on one's oars бездействовать;
почивать на лаврах - *! вольно! (команда) - she planned to * during her vacation во время отпуска она решила ничем не заниматься давать отдых, покой - to * men and horses дать отдых людям и лошадям - to * oneself дать себе отдых;
передохнуть - they stopped at the wayside cafe to * themselves они остановились у придорожного кафе, чтобы немного передохнуть - * the players for tomorrow's game пусть игроки отдохнут перед завтрашним состязанием - these dark glasses * my eyes в этих темных очках у меня отдыхают глаза - a colour that *s the eyes спокойный цвет быть спокойным, не волноваться - he could not * till he got his wish он не мог успокоиться, пока не добился своего (on, against) класть (на что-л.) ;
прислонять (к чему-л.) - to * one's elbows on the table класть локти на стол - to * one's head on a cushion положить голову на подушку - * the picture against the wall прислони картину к стене (on, against) обосновывать - he *ed his argument on trivialities его аргументация строилась на общих местах - the verdict *ed on several precedents в основе вердикта лежали несколько прецедентов (on) опираться (на что-л.) ;
покоиться (на чем-л.) - the roof *s on eight columns крыша покоится на восьми колоннах - she let her glance * on me ее взгляд остановился на мне;
она пристально взглянула на меня (upon, on, in) опираться (на кого-л., что-л.) - his fame *s upon his novels славу ему создали его романы - the charge *ed upon one man's unsupported statement обвинение строилось на ничем не подтвержденном заявлении одного лица - he *ed all his hopes in his son все свои надежды он возлагал на сына - all our hopes *ed upon this venture все наши надежды были связаны с этим рискованным предприятием (on, upon, in) возлагать (ответственность и т. п. на кого-л., что-л.) - to * responsibility on /upon/ smb. возлагать ответственность на кого-л. - we * in your promise мы уповаем на ваше обещание( with) быть возложенным (на кого-л.) ;
лежать (на ком-л.;
об ответственности и т. п.) - the fault *s with him вина лежит на нем - the answer *s with you ответ за вами - it *s with you to decide as best you can ваше дело решать по своему усмотрению оставаться без изменений - let the matter * оставим (дело) так, как есть;
не будем больше об этом говорить - the matter cannot * here этим дело еще не кончается;
этим нельзя ограничиться - this *s a mystery это остается тайной продолжать быть в каком-л. состоянии - you may * assured можете быть совершенно уверены, можете не волноваться (сельскохозяйственное) быть под паром, паровать (сельскохозяйственное) оставлять под паром (юридическое) заканчивать выступление обвинения или защиты, предоставление доказательств и т. п. - the defence *s защите нечего добавить (the *) остаток, остальное - and (all) the * of it и все остальное /другое, прочее/ - (as) for the * что касается остального, что до остального - as to the * в других отношениях - take what you want and throw the * away возьмите, что надо, а остальное выбросьте - her hat was red as the * of her clothes шляпа на ней была красная, как и вся остальная одежда остальные;
другие - the * of us все (мы), остальные - to cut adrift from the * оторваться от всех( финансовое) (the *) остаток, остающаяся сумма - for the * на остающуюся сумму( финансовое) резервный фонд the ~ of it, all the ~ of it и все другое, остальное, и прочее;
for the rest что до остального, что же касается остального ~ держать(ся), основывать(ся), лежать на;
опираться (on, upon, against) ;
the argument rests on rather a weak evidence довод довольно слабо обоснован at ~ в состоянии покоя at ~ мертвый;
to go (или to retire) to rest ложиться отдыхать, спать;
to take a rest отдыхать;
спать;
without rest без отдыха, без передышки at ~ неподвижный rest быть возложенным, лежать (об ответственности, вине и т. п.) ;
the blam'e rests with them вина лежит на них ~ неподвижность;
to bring to rest останавливать (экипаж и т. п.) to set (smb.'s) mind at ~ успокаивать( кого-л.) ;
to set a question at rest улаживать вопрос;
day of rest день отдыха, выходной день, воскресенье the ~ of it, all the ~ of it и все другое, остальное, и прочее;
for the rest что до остального, что же касается остального at ~ мертвый;
to go (или to retire) to rest ложиться отдыхать, спать;
to take a rest отдыхать;
спать;
without rest без отдыха, без передышки ~ вечный покой, смерть;
he has gone to his rest он умер;
to lay to rest хоронить it rests with you to decide за вами право решения;
the next move rests with you следующий шаг за вами ~ вечный покой, смерть;
he has gone to his rest он умер;
to lay to rest хоронить ~ оставаться без изменений;
let the matter rest не будем это трогать, оставим так, как есть;
the matter cannot rest here дело должно быть продолжено ~ оставаться без изменений;
let the matter rest не будем это трогать, оставим так, как есть;
the matter cannot rest here дело должно быть продолжено ~ покоиться, лежать;
отдыхать;
to rest from one's labours отдыхать от трудов;
never let your enemy rest не давайте покоя врагу it rests with you to decide за вами право решения;
the next move rests with you следующий шаг за вами rest быть возложенным, лежать (об ответственности, вине и т. п.) ;
the blam'e rests with them вина лежит на них ~ вечный покой, смерть;
he has gone to his rest он умер;
to lay to rest хоронить ~ возлагать (ответственность и т. п. на кого-л.) ~ давать отдых, покой;
rest your men for an hour дайте людям передохнуть часок ~ держать(ся), основывать(ся), лежать на;
опираться (on, upon, against) ;
the argument rests on rather a weak evidence довод довольно слабо обоснован ~ заканчивать (выступление обвинения, защиты, представление доказательств и т.д.) ~ запрещать распространение( печатного издания) ~ класть, прислонять;
to rest one's elbow on the table опираться локтем о стол ~ лежать (на ком-л.) (об ответственности, обязанности и т.д.) ~ место для отдыха (гостиница, отель, мотель и т. п.) ~ неподвижность;
to bring to rest останавливать (экипаж и т. п.) ~ опора;
подставка, подпорка;
упор;
стойка ~ оставаться;
this rests a mystery это остается тайной;
you may rest assured можете быть уверены ~ с.-х. оставаться, находиться под паром ~ оставаться без изменений;
let the matter rest не будем это трогать, оставим так, как есть;
the matter cannot rest here дело должно быть продолжено ~ оставаться спокойным, не волноваться ~ муз. пауза ~ перерыв, пауза;
передышка ~ покоиться (о взгляде) ;
останавливаться, быть прикованным (о внимании, мыслях;
on, upon) ~ покоиться, лежать;
отдыхать;
to rest from one's labours отдыхать от трудов;
never let your enemy rest не давайте покоя врагу ~ покой, отдых;
сон ~ фин. резервный фонд ~ тех. суппорт ~ прос. цезура ~ покоиться, лежать;
отдыхать;
to rest from one's labours отдыхать от трудов;
never let your enemy rest не давайте покоя врагу the ~ of it, all the ~ of it и все другое, остальное, и прочее;
for the rest что до остального, что же касается остального ~the ~ остаток;
остальное;
остальные, другие;
the rest of us остальные ~ класть, прислонять;
to rest one's elbow on the table опираться локтем о стол ~the ~ остаток;
остальное;
остальные, другие;
the rest of us остальные ~ давать отдых, покой;
rest your men for an hour дайте людям передохнуть часок to set (smb.'s) mind at ~ успокаивать (кого-л.) ;
to set a question at rest улаживать вопрос;
day of rest день отдыха, выходной день, воскресенье to set (smb.'s) mind at ~ успокаивать (кого-л.) ;
to set a question at rest улаживать вопрос;
day of rest день отдыха, выходной день, воскресенье at ~ мертвый;
to go (или to retire) to rest ложиться отдыхать, спать;
to take a rest отдыхать;
спать;
without rest без отдыха, без передышки ~ оставаться;
this rests a mystery это остается тайной;
you may rest assured можете быть уверены at ~ мертвый;
to go (или to retire) to rest ложиться отдыхать, спать;
to take a rest отдыхать;
спать;
without rest без отдыха, без передышки ~ оставаться;
this rests a mystery это остается тайной;
you may rest assured можете быть уверены -
73 conquer
'koŋkə(to overcome or defeat: The Normans conquered England in the eleventh century; You must conquer your fear of the dark.) conquistar, vencer- conquest
conquer vb conquistartr['kɒŋkəSMALLr/SMALL]1 (country, mountain, heart) conquistar; (enemy, disease, fear) vencerconquer ['kɑŋkər] vt: conquistar, vencerv.• abatanar v.• acogotar v.• aquistar v.• conquistar v.• ganar v.• rendir v.• vencer v.'kɑːŋkər, 'kɒŋkə(r)transitive verb \<\<country/mountain\>\> conquistar; \<\<enemy\>\> vencer*; \<\<fear\>\> vencer, superar['kɒŋkǝ(r)]1.VT [+ territory, nation etc] conquistar; [+ fear, enemy] vencer2.VI triunfar* * *['kɑːŋkər, 'kɒŋkə(r)]transitive verb \<\<country/mountain\>\> conquistar; \<\<enemy\>\> vencer*; \<\<fear\>\> vencer, superar -
74 государство государств·о
state; (страна) country, nationбыть гражданином / подданным какого-л. государства — to be a subject of a state
не признавать какое-л. государство — to withhold recognition from a state; not to recognize a state
основать / создать государство — to establish / to set up a state
признать какое-л. государство — to extend recognition to a state, to recognize a state
руководить государством — to guide / to run a state
аккредитующее государство — accrediting / sending state
давать право поднимать флаг и эмблему аккредитующего государства — to authorize the flying of the flag and the emblem of the sending state
бенефицирующее государство, государство, предоставляющее помощь — granting state
демократическое государство, основанное на конституции — democratic state based on a Constitution
зависимое государство — dependent / servile / tributary state / country
заинтересованные государства — interested states, states concerned
замкнутое шельфом государство (не имеющее непосредственного выхода к морскому дну, т. к. этот выход перекрыт шельфом другой страны) — shelf-locked country
литоральное / прибрежное государство — coastal / littoral / riparian state
миролюбивое государство — peace-loving state / nation
названное / указанное государство — state in question
направляющее / посылающее государство — sending state
независимое государство — independent state, independency
нейтральное государство — neutral state, neutral
неядерные государства, государства, не обладающие ядерным оружием — nonnuclear states, (nonnuclear) have-nots
побеждённое государство — vanquished power / state
пограничное государство — circumjacent state, border / bordering state
государство, подписавшееся и присоединившееся (к договору) — signatory and acceding state
"пороговое" государство (способное создать собственное ядерное оружие) — threshold / near nuclear state
правовое государство — law-governed / ruled state, state committed to the rule of law; legal state
принимающее государство — headquarters / host / receiving / admitting state
"прифронтовые" государства — front-line states
противолежащие государства, государства, расположенные друг против друга — opposite states
союзное государство — allied / Union state
федеративное государство — federal state, federative nation
ядерные государства — nuclear powers / states, haves
государство в государстве — imperium in imperio лат.; state within a state
государство, выступающее за сохранение смертной казни — retentionist state
государство, извлекающее / получающее выгоду от договора — state benefiting from a treaty
государства, имеющие материальные богатства — haves
государство, имеющее морскую границу — maritime state
государство, имеющее право быть участником договора — state entitled to become a party to the treaty
государство, которое приобретает территорию — acquiring state
государство, которое уступает территорию — ceding state
государство а, между которыми возник конфликт / спор — states at variance
государство, нарушившее договор — defaulting state
государства, находящиеся в состоянии войны / вооружённого конфликта — the belligerents, belligerent states / powers
государство, находящееся под протекторатом — state under the protectorate, protected state
государство, находящееся под сюзеренитетом — state under the suzerainty
государства, не входящие в данную международную организацию, государства, не являющиеся членами данной международной организации — nonmember states
государство, не имеющее выхода к морю — sea-locked state
государства, не имеющие материальных богатств — have-nots
государство, не имеющее морского берега / морской границы — states with no / having no sea-coast
государство, не сделавшее оговорки — nonreserving state
государства, не участвующие в конфликте — states not parties to a conflict
государство, не являющееся членом (организации, союза и т.п.) — nonmember state
государство, опирающееся (при проведении своей политики) на баланс сил — balancer разг.
государство, осуществляющее опеку — trustee
государство, отменившее смертную казнь — abolitionist state
государство, подписывающее договор / соглашение вместе с другими государствами — co-signatory
государство, подписавшее международное соглашение — signatory state; signatory
государство пребывания — state of residence, headquarters / host / receiving state
государство против Смита юр. — Crown vs Smith англ.
государство, совершившее противоправное действие — offending state
государства с различными социально-политическими системами — states with different social and political systems
руководство государства — leadership / headship of a state
статус государства — stal hood, nationhood
Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > государство государств·о
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75 public
(of, for, or concerning, the people (of a community or nation) in general: a public library; a public meeting; Public opinion turned against him; The public announcements are on the back page of the newspaper; This information should be made public and not kept secret any longer.) público- publicly- publicity
- publicize
- publicise
- public holiday
- public house
- public relations
- public service announcement
- public spirit
- public-spirited
- public transport
- in public
- the public
- public opinion poll
public1 adj públicopublic2 n públicotr['pʌblɪk]1 público,-a1 el público\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLin public en públicoto be in the public eye ser objeto de interés públicoto be public knowledge ser del dominio públicoto go public SMALLCOMMERCE/SMALL salir a bolsato make public hacer público,-apublic company empresa pública, sociedad nombre femenino anónimapublic holiday fiesta nacionalpublic opinion opinión nombre femenino públicapublic relations relaciones nombre femenino plural públicaspublic school SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL colegio privado 2 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL colegio públicopublic sector sector nombre masculino públicopublic speaker orador,-rapublic speaking oratoriapublic transport transporte nombre masculino públicopublic utility servicio públicopublic ['pʌblɪk] adj: público♦ publicly advpublic n: público madj.• paladino, -a adj.• placero, -a adj.• público, -a adj.n.• público s.m.
I 'pʌblɪka) ( of people) públicoit wouldn't be in the public interest — no beneficiaría a la ciudadanía; eye I 1) c)
b) ( concerning the state) públicopublic body — organismo m estatal or público
public works — obras fpl públicas
c) <library/garden/footpath> públicod) (open, not concealed) <announcement/protest> públicoa well-known public figure — un personaje conocido, una persona muy conocida
to make something public — hacer* algo público
to go public — (journ) revelar algo a la prensa
e)to go public — \<\<company\>\> salir* a bolsa
II
noun (+ sing or pl vb)a) u ( people in general)b) c ( audience) público mc)['pʌblɪk]1. ADJ1) (=of the State) público•
they can hire expensive lawyers at public expense — pueden contratar abogados caros a costa de los contribuyentes•
to run for/hold public office — presentarse como candidato a/ostentar un cargo público2) (=of, for, by everyone) público•
they want to deflect public attention from the real issues — quieren desviar la opinión pública de los verdaderos problemashe has kept his family out of the public eye — ha mantenido a su familia alejada de la atención pública
•
I have decided to resign in the public interest — en el interés de los ciudadanos, he decidido dimitir3) (=open, not private) [statement, meeting] público; [appearance] en públicoit's too public here — aquí estamos demasiado expuestos al público, aquí no tenemos intimidad
can we talk somewhere less public? — ¿podemos hablar en algún sitio más privado or menos expuesto al público?
•
to go public — (Comm) empezar a cotizar en bolsathey decided to go public about their relationship * — decidieron revelar su relación a la prensa or al público
•
to make sth public — hacer público algo, publicar algo4) (=well-known)2. N1) (=people)•
the general public — el gran público•
a member of the public — un ciudadano2) (=open place)3) (=devotees) público m•
the reading/ sporting public — los aficionados a la lectura/al deporte•
the viewing public — los telespectadores3.CPDpublic access television N — (US) televisión abierta al público
public address system N — (sistema m de) megafonía f, altavoces mpl, altoparlantes mpl (LAm)
public affairs NPL — actividades fpl públicas
public assistance N — (US) asistencia f pública
public bar N — bar m
public body N — organismo m público
public company N — empresa f pública
public convenience N — (Brit) frm servicios mpl, aseos mpl públicos
public debt N — deuda f pública, deuda f del Estado
public defender N — (US) defensor(a) m / f de oficio
public enemy N — enemigo m público
- be Public Enemy No 1 or number onepublic enquiry N (Brit) — = public inquiry
public expenditure N — gasto m (del sector) público
public gallery N — (in parliament, courtroom) tribuna f reservada al público
public health N — salud f pública, sanidad f pública
public health inspector N — inspector(a) m / f de salud or sanidad pública
Public Health Service N — (US) ≈ Seguridad f Social, servicio público de asistencia sanitaria
public holiday N — fiesta f nacional, fiesta f oficial, (día m) feriado m (LAm)
public house N — (Brit) frm bar m
public housing N — (US) viviendas mpl de protección oficial
public housing project N — (US) proyecto f de viviendas de protección oficial
public inquiry N — investigación f oficial
public lavatory N — aseos mpl públicos
public law N — (=discipline, body of legislation) derecho m público; (US) (=piece of legislation) ley f pública
public library N — biblioteca f pública
public limited company N — sociedad f anónima
public money N — fondos mpl públicos
public nuisance N — (Jur) molestia f pública
he's a public nuisance — siempre está causando problemas or molestias
public opinion N — opinión f pública
public opinion poll N — sondeo m (de la opinión pública)
public ownership N —
•
to be taken into public ownership — pasar a ser propiedad del estado(fig)public property N — (=land, buildings) dominio m público
public prosecutor N — fiscal mf
See:Public Record Office N — (Brit) archivo m nacional
public relations NPL — relaciones fpl públicas
the police action was a public relations disaster — la actuación de la policía fue desastrosa para su imagen
it's just a public relations exercise — es solo una operación publicitaria or de relaciones públicas
public relations officer N — encargado(-a) m / f de relaciones públicas
public school N — (Brit) colegio m privado; (=boarding school) internado m privado; (US) escuela f pública
60,000 public-sector jobs must be cut — se deben eliminar 60.000 puestos de funcionario, se deben eliminar 60.000 puestos en el sector público
public sector borrowing requirement N — necesidades fpl de endeudamiento del sector público
public servant N — funcionario(-a) m / f
public service N — (=Civil Service) administración f pública; (usu pl) (=community facility) servicio m público
she will be remembered for a lifetime of public service — se la recordará por cómo entregó su vida al servicio de la comunidad
in doing this they were performing a public service — con esto estaban haciendo un servicio a la comunidad
public service announcement — comunicado m de interés público
public service jobs — puestos mpl de funcionario or en el sector público
public service vehicle — vehículo m de servicio público
public service worker — funcionario(-a) m / f
public service broadcasting N — servicio m público de radio y televisión
public speaker N — orador(a) m / f
she is a good public speaker — habla muy bien en público, es una buena oradora
public speaking N — oratoria f
public spending N — gasto m (del sector) público
public television N — (US) cadenas fpl públicas (de televisión)
public transport, public transportation (US) N — transporte(s) m(pl) público(s)
public utility N — empresa f del servicio público
PUBLIC ACCESS TELEVISION En Estados Unidos, el término Public Access Television hace referencia a una serie de cadenas no comerciales de televisión por cable que emiten programas de ámbito local o programas dedicados a organizaciones humanitarias sin ánimo de lucro. Entre sus emisiones se incluyen charlas sobre actividades escolares, programas sobre aficiones diversas e incluso discursos de organizaciones racistas. Estas emisiones de acceso público se crearon para dar cabida a temas de interés local e impedir que los canales por cable estuvieran dominados por unos cuantos privilegiados. En virtud de la Ley de Emisiones por Cable, el Cable Act de 1984, cualquier población en que haya algún canal por cable puede obligar a los propietarios de dicho canal a que instalen una cadena adicional de acceso público y provean el equipo, el estudio, los medios técnicos y el personal necesarios para la emisión.public works NPL — obras fpl públicas
* * *
I ['pʌblɪk]a) ( of people) públicoit wouldn't be in the public interest — no beneficiaría a la ciudadanía; eye I 1) c)
b) ( concerning the state) públicopublic body — organismo m estatal or público
public works — obras fpl públicas
c) <library/garden/footpath> públicod) (open, not concealed) <announcement/protest> públicoa well-known public figure — un personaje conocido, una persona muy conocida
to make something public — hacer* algo público
to go public — (journ) revelar algo a la prensa
e)to go public — \<\<company\>\> salir* a bolsa
II
noun (+ sing or pl vb)a) u ( people in general)b) c ( audience) público mc) -
76 hold
I 1. həuld past tense, past participle - held; verb1) (to have in one's hand(s) or between one's hands: He was holding a knife; Hold that dish with both hands; He held the little boy's hand; He held the mouse by its tail.) holde, bære2) (to have in a part, or between parts, of the body, or between parts of a tool etc: He held the pencil in his teeth; She was holding a pile of books in her arms; Hold the stamp with tweezers.) holde3) (to support or keep from moving, running away, falling etc: What holds that shelf up?; He held the door closed by leaning against it; Hold your hands above your head; Hold his arms so that he can't struggle.) holde (oppe)4) (to remain in position, fixed etc when under strain: I've tied the two pieces of string together, but I'm not sure the knot will hold; Will the anchor hold in a storm?) holde (fast)5) (to keep (a person) in some place or in one's power: The police are holding a man for questioning in connection with the murder; He was held captive.) holde fanget/tilbake6) (to (be able to) contain: This jug holds two pints; You can't hold water in a handkerchief; This drawer holds all my shirts.) romme, inneholde7) (to cause to take place: The meeting will be held next week; We'll hold the meeting in the hall.) (av)holde8) (to keep (oneself), or to be, in a particular state or condition: We'll hold ourselves in readiness in case you send for us; She holds herself very erect.) holde (seg)9) (to have or be in (a job etc): He held the position of company secretary for five years.) ha/bekle en stilling, sitte som10) (to think strongly; to believe; to consider or regard: I hold that this was the right decision; He holds me (to be) responsible for everyone's mistakes; He is held in great respect; He holds certain very odd beliefs.) nære, ha11) (to continue to be valid or apply: Our offer will hold until next week; These rules hold under all circumstances.) gjelde, holde (seg), stå ved makt12) ((with to) to force (a person) to do something he has promised to do: I intend to hold him to his promises.) holde noen til noe, få en til å følge13) (to defend: They held the castle against the enemy.) holde, verne mot14) (not to be beaten by: The general realized that the soldiers could not hold the enemy for long.) holde ut mot15) (to keep (a person's attention): If you can't hold your pupils' attention, you can't be a good teacher.) holde oppmerksomheten16) (to keep someone in a certain state: Don't hold us in suspense, what was the final decision?) (av)holde, feire17) (to celebrate: The festival is held on 24 June.) eie, besitte, sitte/ligge inne med18) (to be the owner of: He holds shares in this company.) holde (seg), vare ved19) ((of good weather) to continue: I hope the weather holds until after the school sports.) (vente) et øyeblikk20) ((also hold the line) (of a person who is making a telephone call) to wait: Mr Brown is busy at the moment - will you hold or would you like him to call you back?) holde (tonen)21) (to continue to sing: Please hold that note for four whole beats.) ta vare på22) (to keep (something): They'll hold your luggage at the station until you collect it.) inneholde, (ville) bringe23) ((of the future) to be going to produce: I wonder what the future holds for me?)2. noun1) (the act of holding: He caught/got/laid/took hold of the rope and pulled; Keep hold of that rope.) tak, grep, hold2) (power; influence: He has a strange hold over that girl.) makt, tak, grep3) ((in wrestling etc) a manner of holding one's opponent: The wrestler invented a new hold.) grep, (bryte)tak, hold•- - holder- hold-all
- get hold of
- hold back
- hold down
- hold forth
- hold good
- hold it
- hold off
- hold on
- hold out
- hold one's own
- hold one's tongue
- hold up
- hold-up
- hold with II həuld noun((in ships) the place, below the deck, where cargo is stored.) lasteromarrest--------bevare--------ha--------hank--------holde--------skaft--------skjefte--------takIsubst. ( holden) \/həʊld\/1) ( også overført) tak, grep, hold2) ( overført) innflytelse, makt, kontroll, tak, grep3) håndtak4) ( bryting) brytetak, grep5) støtte, feste6) ( gammeldags) fengsel, forvaring, varetekt7) ( gammeldags) fort, festningcatch hold of ta tak iget hold of gripe tak ihave a hold on someone ha makt over noen, ha noen i sitt grep, ha innflytelse over noenkeep a firm hold of holde et fast grep omput\/keep something on hold legge noe på is, utsette noe til senererelease one's hold slippe takettake hold begynne å virke, begynne å få effektIIsubst. \/həʊld\/( sjøfart eller luftfart) lasteromhold cargo lastIII1) holde, holde i• could you hold the ladder for me?2) bære, holde oppe3) tåle4) omfavne, holde omkring5) ( handel) holde på varene, ikke selge6) holde (tilbake), holde på, holde i varetekt, holde fengslet7) holde av, reservere8) oppbevare9) ( også overført) holde, beholde• one pizza, please, and hold the anchoviesen pizza uten ansjos, takk10) eie, ha, besitte, være i besittelse av, inneha11) bekle, inneha, sitte i (om stilling, verv, posisjon)12) ha plass til, romme, ta13) inneholde, romme• what does the future hold for us?15) arrangere, avholde, holde (møte, fest e.l.)16) holde seg, vare (ved), vedvare, fortsette• will the fine weather hold?17) fortsette (i en bestemt retning)19) nære, ha (ideer)20) holde fast ved, stå ved21) holde for (å være), regne for (å være), anse for (å være)23) stå ved makt, være gyldig, gjelde, stå fast, stå ved lag24) (amer., slang, narkotika) ha stoff på seg, besitte stoffhold! ( gammeldags) holdt!, stopp!, vent!hold against legge til lasthold an opinion ha en mening, være av en meninghold back holde tilbake, stanse, stoppeskjule, holde skjult, hemmeligholde, fortie sette av, legge av, sparestille seg avventende, forholde seg avventende, nøle, tvile, innta en avventende holdninghold by fastholde, holde fast ved, stå ved rette seg etter, la seg lede av like, ha sansen forhold court være midtpunkt for alles oppmerksomhethold down holde nedebeholde, bli ihold everything! stopp!hold firm holde fast vedhold forth ( ofte nedsettende) snakke i vei, dosereholde for sannsynlighold good være sann, være gyldighold hard! ( britisk) stopp!hold in tøyle, holde i tømmene, beherskeholde tilbakehold in with holde seg inne med, holde seg til venns medhold it! vent litt!, stopp en halv!hold land sitte på landeiendommerhold off holde på avstand, holde fra livet• hold your dog off!holde seg på avstand, holde seg bortevente (med), utsette, drøye (med)hold office sitte ved makten, regjerehold on holde fast holde på plass holde på, holde uthold on! vent litt!, stopp en halv!hold one's breath holde pustenhold oneself well ha god holdninghold one's ground holde stand, ikke bøye av, ikke vikehold one's nose holde seg for nesenhold one's own holde stillingen, klare seg brahold one' s tongue\/peace holde munn, tie, være stillehold one's way gå videre, fortsette på sin veihold on to holde (seg) fast iholde (fast) på, holde fast ved sitte påhold out strekke ut, strekke frem, rekke ut, rekke frem, holde ut, holde fremtilby, gi, loverekke, vare, strekke til• will the food hold out?holde til, oppholde seg holde stand, holde ut, stå i mothold out for stå fast på kravet om avvente, vente til man fårhold out on someone ( hverdagslig) holde tilbake for noen, unnlate å fortelle hele sannheten til noen gi blaffen i ønskene til noenhold over utsettebeholde inntil videre, holde tilbake, sette til side ( jus) beholde embete\/eiendom lenger enn avtalt la fortsette utover fastsatt tid( skogbruk) overholdehold shares sitte på aksjer, sitte med aksjerhold someone cheap ikke ha høye tanker om noenhold someone dear holde av noen, være glad i noenhold someone in contempt forakte noen, nære forakt for noen, ringeakte noenhold someone in honour holde noen i ære, ære noenhold someone's hand ( overført) holde noen i hånden, gi noen moralsk støttehold someone to bail ( jus) avkreve noen kausjonhold something against someone laste noen for noe, la noe telle i noens disfavør, legge en noe til last, bruke noe mot noenhold something back from someone holde noe unna noenhold something over someone la noe utgjøre en konstant trussel for noen, bruke noe som pressmiddel overfor noenhold together holde sammen, binde sammenhenge sammenhold someone to her\/his promise tvinge noen til å holde sitt løftehold that eller hold the view that være av den oppfatning at, mene athold the line ( telekommunikasjon) holde forbindelsen, ikke legge på ( overført) ikke gi etter for presshold the market dominere markedethold the reins ( overført) holde i tømmenehold the stage dominere en samtalehold the title to ha rett på, inneha retten tilhold tight holde seg fasthold trumps ha trumf på hånden, sitte med trumf på håndenhold to stå ved, fastholde, holde fast vedhold up rekke opp, holde opp, holde i været, heve, løfte( til beskuelse) holde frem, vise frem, stille opp holde oppe, støtte holde ut, holde motet oppe stå seg, holde hindre, oppholde, (for)sinke, forhale( om kort) holde tilbake rane, overfalle, plyndrehold up one's head ( overført) holde hodet høythold up to utsette for, gjøre til gjenstand forhold up to ridicule gjøre til latter, latterliggjørehold your horses! (amer.) hold an litt!, stopp en halv!, brems litt!hold your noise! være stille!hold with ( hverdagslig) holde med være enig med være tilhenger av, støttenot hold by ( også) ikke like, mislike -
77 conquer
1. Ihe resolved to conquer or to die он твердо решил победить или умереть2. III1) conquer smb., smth. conquer a country (a nation, a people, Asia, new territories, a new market, etc.) покорить/завоевать/страну и т.д.; - an enemy одержать победу над врагом; conquer all hearts book. завоевывать /покорять/ все сердца2) conquer smth. conquer the obstacle (all difficulties, his opposition, bad habits, etc.) преодолевать препятствие и т. д., conquer one's passions подавлять /смирять/ свои страсти; man has to conquer the stars человек должен покорить звезды; when will scientists - the weather? когда ученые смогут управлять погодой?3. IVconquer smb., smth. in some manner conquer smb., smth. completely (triumphantly, partially, honourably, etc.) одержать полную и т. д. победу над кем-л. чем-л.; полностью и т. д. покорить кого-л., что-л.4. XIbe conquered by smb., smth. the country has never been conquered by a foreign foe эта страна никогда не была под пятой чужеземцев5. XXI1conquer smb., smth. by smth. conquer smb., smth. by force (by love, by trickery, etc.) покорять /завоевывать/ кого-л., что-л. силой и т. д.; they conquered the enemy by sheer numbers они победили противника благодаря численному превосходству; conquersmth., smb. after (within, etc.) some time conquer the city after a long siege покорить /взять/ город после длительной осады; conquer the enemy at the first onset (within a few days, etc.) одержать победу над противником в первой атаке и т. д.6. XXVconquer what... their aim was to conquer cost what it may они поставили себе целью победить, чего бы это ни стоило -
78 unite
[juː'naɪt]v1) объединять, соединятьThe war united the nation. — Война сплотила весь народ.
- unite all one's forces- unite two pieces of wood with glue2) соединяться, объединятьсяThese two firms (clubs) united. — Эти две фирмы (два клуба) объединились/слились.
United we stand, divided we fall. — ◊ Вместе победим, а поврозь погибнем.
- be united against a common enemy- be closely united by the ties of friendship
- be united in foreign policies
- unite in doing smth
- oil and water will not unite
- public and private interests are closely united•WAYS OF DOING THINGS:Значение глагола to unite - объединять, объединяться конкретизируется в нижеследующих глаголах, которые дополняют это значение описанием характера и цели объединения. To rally - сплачиваться, объединяться в борьбе против кого-либо или за что-либо: People reallied around their leaders to fight their enemy. Народ сплотился вокруг своих лидеров в борьбе с врагом. The main effect of the new tax was to rally opposition to the government. Новый налог только сплотил силы оппозиции против правительства. To bring together - сплачивать, объединять: What was it that first brought you together? Что с самого начала вас заставило объединиться? The war brought people closer together. Война сплотила народ. To close ranks - сплотить ряды: The leaders called upon people to close ranks against the enemy. Лидеры призвали народ сплотить ряды в борьбе с врагом. To stand together, to pull together, to stick together - объединять, проявлять единение: We must all stand together in this case. В этом случае мы все должны быть едины. Somehow they stood together and kept the business going despite all that was going on. Каким-то образом они сплотидись и, несмотря на все происходящее, продолжили дело. Parents, teachers and students should all pull together to solve the school drugs problem. Чтобы решить проблему использования наркотиков в школах должны объединиться усилия родителей, учителей и учеников. If we stick together we should be all right. Все будет в порядку, если мы будем едины -
79 dirigir
v.1 to steer (conducir) (coche, barco).2 to manage (llevar) (empresa, hotel, hospital).dirige mi tesis, me dirige la tesis he's supervising my thesis, he's my PhD supervisor3 to direct.Ella dirigió el caso She directed the case.Ella dirige al equipo She directs the team.4 to address (carta, paquete).5 to guide (guiar) (person).6 to point, to range.Ellos dirigen al misil They point the missile.7 to drive, to steer, to pilot, to head.Ella dirige el avión She drives the plane.8 to conduct.Ella dirige la orquesta She conducts the orchestra.* * *(g changes to j before a and o)Present Indicativedirijo, diriges, dirige, dirigimos, dirigís, dirigen.Present SubjunctiveImperative* * *verb1) to direct, lead2) conduct3) address* * *1. VT1) (=orientar) [+ persona] to direct; [+ asunto] to advise, guidelo dirigió con ayuda de un mapa — she showed him the way o directed him with the help of a map
¿por qué no vas tú delante y nos diriges? — why don't you go first and lead the way?
palabra 2)dirigían sus pasos hacia la iglesia — they made their way o walked towards the church
2) (=apuntar) [+ arma, telescopio] to aim, point (a, hacia at)[+ manguera] to turn (a, hacia on) point (a, hacia at)dirigió los focos al escenario — he pointed o directed the lights towards the stage
ordenó dirigir el fuego hacia el enemigo — he ordered them to direct o aim their fire at the enemy
3) (=destinar)a) [+ carta, comentario, pregunta] to address (a to)b) [+ libro, programa, producto] to aim (a at)c) [+ acusación, críticas] to make (a, contra against)level (a, contra at, against) [+ ataques] to make (a, contra against)dirigieron graves acusaciones contra el ministro — serious accusations were made against the minister, serious accusations were levelled at o against the minister
le dirigieron fuertes críticas — he was strongly criticized, he came in for some strong criticism
d) [+ esfuerzos] to direct (a, hacia to, towards)hay que dirigir todos nuestros esfuerzos hacia este fin — we must direct all our efforts to this end
4) (=controlar) [+ empresa, hospital, centro de enseñanza] to run; [+ periódico, revista] to edit, run; [+ expedición, país, sublevación] to lead; [+ maniobra, operación, investigación] to direct, be in charge of; [+ debate] to chair; [+ proceso judicial] to preside over; [+ tesis] to supervise; [+ juego, partido] to refereeel Partido Comunista dirigió los destinos del país durante siete décadas — the Communist Party controlled the fate of the country for seven decades
cotarro 1)dirigió mal las negociaciones — he handled the negotiations badly, he mismanaged the negotiations
5) (Cine, Teat) to direct6) (Mús) [+ orquesta, concierto] to conduct; [+ coro] to lead¿quién dirigirá el coro? — who will be the choirmaster?, who will lead the choir?
7) (=conducir) [+ coche] to drive; [+ barco] to steer; [+ caballo] to leaddirigió su coche hacia la izquierda — he steered o drove his car towards the left
2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) < empresa> to manage, run; <periódico/revista> to run, edit; <investigación/tesis> to supervise; < debate> to lead, chairdirigir el tráfico — to direct o control the traffic
b) <obra/película> to directc) < orquesta> to conduct2)a)dirigir algo a alguien — <mensaje/carta> to address something to somebody; < críticas> to direct something to somebody
b)dirigir algo hacia or a algo/alguien — < telescopio> to point something toward(s) something/somebody; < pistola> to point something toward(s) something/somebody
dirigir la mirada hacia or a algo/alguien — to look at something/somebody
3) ( encaminar)2.dirigir algo a + inf — < esfuerzos> to channel something into -ing; <energía/atención> to direct something toward(s) -ing
dirigirse v pron1) ( encaminarse)2)dirigirse a alguien — ( oralmente) to speak o talk to somebody; ( por escrito) to write to somebody
me dirijo a Vd. para solicitarle... — (Corresp) I am writing to request...
* * *= address, channel, direct, gear (to/toward(s)/for), lead, man, pitch, route, run, steer, head, signpost, give + direction, angle, rule over, lend + direction, shepherd, choreograph, key + Nombre + to.Ex. More can be assumed in instructions addressed to the experienced information searcher than in instructions for the novice.Ex. Users make suggestions for modifications and these are then channelled through a series of committees.Ex. This statement directs the user to adopt a number more specific terms in preference to the general term.Ex. Most of the main subject headings lists are geared to the alphabetical subject approach found in dictionary catalogues.Ex. A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.Ex. The responsibility for manning the one telephone left at the disposal of a residue of callers fell to a single officer who had other duties to carry out to justify his keep.Ex. Thus pitching instructions at the right level can be difficult.Ex. Requests which cannot be filled by local or regional libraries are automatically routed by the system to NLM as the library of last resort.Ex. The service is run by Radio-Suisse and can be accessed via de PSS.Ex. They decided that they had to set up information and referral services to steer people to the correct agency.Ex. A stickler for details, sometimes to the point of compulsion, Edmonds was deemed a fortuitous choice to head the monumental reorganization process.Ex. There is a need for a firststop organization that could signpost the public through the maze of government agencies and social welfare organizations.Ex. To give direction to these physical resources, there are objectives for the project and a framework timetable.Ex. This publication seems to find particular favour in law firms, possibly because of its currency and the way it is angled towards the commercial world.Ex. From the impressive library of his mansion home on Beacon Hill, Ticknor ruled over Boston's intellectual life and was looked to as the leading arbiter of intellectual and social life in that great city.Ex. Policies are guidelines that lend direction to planning and decision-making.Ex. He showed the ability of a single mind to shepherd cultural ventures.Ex. Response to reading room theft should be carefully choreographed but decisive.Ex. The case study found that children do have the ability to use a classification scheme that is keyed to their developmental level.----* dirigir el cotarro = call + the shots, be the boss, call + the tune, rule + the roost.* dirigir el esfuerzo = direct + effort, direct + energy.* dirigir información a = direct + information towards.* dirigir interpretación musical = conduct.* dirigir la atención = put + focus.* dirigir la atención a = turn to, direct + Posesivo + attention to(ward).* dirigir la mirada hacia = look toward(s).* dirigir la palabra = be civil towards.* dirigir los intereses de uno = break into.* dirigir + Posesivo + atención = turn + Posesivo + attention, turn + Posesivo + thoughts.* dirigir + Posesivo + atención a un problema = turn + Posesivo + attention to problem.* dirigir + Posesivo + mirada = turn + Posesivo + thoughts.* dirigirse = be headed, head, head out.* dirigirse a = aim at, check with, turn over to, turn to, make + Posesivo + way to, set off to, turn to, head for, reach out to, head off for/to.* dirigirse a Alguien = approach + Alguien.* dirigirse amenazadoramente hacia = bear down on.* dirigirse a toda prisa hacia = make + haste towards.* dirigirse en multitud = beat + the path to.* dirigirse hacia = be on + Posesivo + way to, start toward, move toward(s), be heading towards, head for, turn into.* dirigirse hacia + Dirección = push + Dirección.* dirigirse hacia el oeste = push + westward(s).* dirigirse la palabra = on speaking terms.* dirigirse rápidamente hacia = make + haste towards.* dirigir una crítica hacia = level + criticism at.* dirigir una tesis = supervise + dissertation, supervise + thesis.* dirigir un servicio = run + service.* lectura no dirigida = undirected reading.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) < empresa> to manage, run; <periódico/revista> to run, edit; <investigación/tesis> to supervise; < debate> to lead, chairdirigir el tráfico — to direct o control the traffic
b) <obra/película> to directc) < orquesta> to conduct2)a)dirigir algo a alguien — <mensaje/carta> to address something to somebody; < críticas> to direct something to somebody
b)dirigir algo hacia or a algo/alguien — < telescopio> to point something toward(s) something/somebody; < pistola> to point something toward(s) something/somebody
dirigir la mirada hacia or a algo/alguien — to look at something/somebody
3) ( encaminar)2.dirigir algo a + inf — < esfuerzos> to channel something into -ing; <energía/atención> to direct something toward(s) -ing
dirigirse v pron1) ( encaminarse)2)dirigirse a alguien — ( oralmente) to speak o talk to somebody; ( por escrito) to write to somebody
me dirijo a Vd. para solicitarle... — (Corresp) I am writing to request...
* * *= address, channel, direct, gear (to/toward(s)/for), lead, man, pitch, route, run, steer, head, signpost, give + direction, angle, rule over, lend + direction, shepherd, choreograph, key + Nombre + to.Ex: More can be assumed in instructions addressed to the experienced information searcher than in instructions for the novice.
Ex: Users make suggestions for modifications and these are then channelled through a series of committees.Ex: This statement directs the user to adopt a number more specific terms in preference to the general term.Ex: Most of the main subject headings lists are geared to the alphabetical subject approach found in dictionary catalogues.Ex: A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.Ex: The responsibility for manning the one telephone left at the disposal of a residue of callers fell to a single officer who had other duties to carry out to justify his keep.Ex: Thus pitching instructions at the right level can be difficult.Ex: Requests which cannot be filled by local or regional libraries are automatically routed by the system to NLM as the library of last resort.Ex: The service is run by Radio-Suisse and can be accessed via de PSS.Ex: They decided that they had to set up information and referral services to steer people to the correct agency.Ex: A stickler for details, sometimes to the point of compulsion, Edmonds was deemed a fortuitous choice to head the monumental reorganization process.Ex: There is a need for a firststop organization that could signpost the public through the maze of government agencies and social welfare organizations.Ex: To give direction to these physical resources, there are objectives for the project and a framework timetable.Ex: This publication seems to find particular favour in law firms, possibly because of its currency and the way it is angled towards the commercial world.Ex: From the impressive library of his mansion home on Beacon Hill, Ticknor ruled over Boston's intellectual life and was looked to as the leading arbiter of intellectual and social life in that great city.Ex: Policies are guidelines that lend direction to planning and decision-making.Ex: He showed the ability of a single mind to shepherd cultural ventures.Ex: Response to reading room theft should be carefully choreographed but decisive.Ex: The case study found that children do have the ability to use a classification scheme that is keyed to their developmental level.* dirigir el cotarro = call + the shots, be the boss, call + the tune, rule + the roost.* dirigir el esfuerzo = direct + effort, direct + energy.* dirigir información a = direct + information towards.* dirigir interpretación musical = conduct.* dirigir la atención = put + focus.* dirigir la atención a = turn to, direct + Posesivo + attention to(ward).* dirigir la mirada hacia = look toward(s).* dirigir la palabra = be civil towards.* dirigir los intereses de uno = break into.* dirigir + Posesivo + atención = turn + Posesivo + attention, turn + Posesivo + thoughts.* dirigir + Posesivo + atención a un problema = turn + Posesivo + attention to problem.* dirigir + Posesivo + mirada = turn + Posesivo + thoughts.* dirigirse = be headed, head, head out.* dirigirse a = aim at, check with, turn over to, turn to, make + Posesivo + way to, set off to, turn to, head for, reach out to, head off for/to.* dirigirse a Alguien = approach + Alguien.* dirigirse amenazadoramente hacia = bear down on.* dirigirse a toda prisa hacia = make + haste towards.* dirigirse en multitud = beat + the path to.* dirigirse hacia = be on + Posesivo + way to, start toward, move toward(s), be heading towards, head for, turn into.* dirigirse hacia + Dirección = push + Dirección.* dirigirse hacia el oeste = push + westward(s).* dirigirse la palabra = on speaking terms.* dirigirse rápidamente hacia = make + haste towards.* dirigir una crítica hacia = level + criticism at.* dirigir una tesis = supervise + dissertation, supervise + thesis.* dirigir un servicio = run + service.* lectura no dirigida = undirected reading.* * *dirigir [I7 ]vtA1 ‹empresa› to manage, run; ‹periódico/revista› to run, edit; ‹investigación/tesis› to supervise; ‹debate› to lead, chairdirigió la operación de rescate he led o directed the rescue operationdirigir el tráfico to direct o control the traffic2 ‹obra/película› to direct3 ‹orquesta› to conductB1 ‹mensaje/carta› dirigir algo A algn to address sth TO sbesta noche el presidente dirigirá un mensaje a la nación the president will address the nation tonightla carta venía dirigida a mí the letter was addressed to medirigió unas palabras de bienvenida a los congresistas he addressed a few words of welcome to the delegateslas críticas iban dirigidas a los organizadores the criticisms were directed at the organizersel folleto va dirigido a padres y educadores the booklet is aimed at parents and teachersla pregunta iba dirigida a usted the question was meant for you, I asked you the questionno me dirigió la palabra he didn't say a word to me2 ‹mirada/pasos/telescopio›dirigió la mirada hacia el horizonte he looked toward(s) the horizon, he turned his eyes o his gaze toward(s) the horizonle dirigió una mirada de reproche she looked at him reproachfully, she gave him a reproachful lookdirigió sus pasos hacia la esquina he walked toward(s) the cornerdirigió el telescopio hacia la luna he pointed the telescope toward(s) the moonC (encaminar) ‹esfuerzos/acciones› dirigir algo A + INF:acciones dirigidas a aliviar el problema measures aimed at alleviating o measures designed to alleviate the problemdirigiremos todos nuestros esfuerzos a lograr un acuerdo we shall channel all our efforts into o direct all our efforts toward(s) reaching an agreementA(ir): nos dirigíamos al aeropuerto we were heading for o we were going to o we were on our way to the airportse dirigió a su despacho con paso decidido he strode purposefully toward(s) his officese dirigían hacia la frontera they were making o heading for the borderel buque se dirigía hacia la costa the ship was heading for o toward(s) the coastB dirigirse A algn (oralmente) to speak o talk TO sb, address sb ( frml) (por escrito) to write TO sb¿se dirige a mí? are you talking o speaking to me?me dirijo a Vd. para solicitarle … ( Corresp) I am writing to request …para más información diríjase a … for more information please write to o contact …* * *
dirigir ( conjugate dirigir) verbo transitivo
1
‹periódico/revista› to run, edit;
‹investigación/tesis› to supervise;
‹ debate› to lead, chair;
‹ tráfico› to direct
‹ orquesta› to conduct
2a) dirigir algo a algn ‹mensaje/carta› to address sth to sb;
‹ críticas› to direct sth to sb;
no me dirigió la palabra he didn't say a word to me
‹ pistola› to point sth toward(s) sth/sb;
dirigir la mirada hacia or a algo/algn to look at sth/sb;
3 ( encaminar) dirigir algo a hacer algo ‹ esfuerzos› to channel sth into doing sth;
‹energía/atención› to direct sth toward(s) doing sth
dirigirse verbo pronominal
1 ( encaminarse): dirigirse hacia algo to head for sth
2 dirigirse a algn ( oralmente) to speak o talk to sb;
( por escrito) to write to sb
dirigir verbo transitivo
1 (estar al mando de) to direct
(una empresa) to manage
(un negocio, una escuela) to run
(un sindicato, partido) to lead
(un periódico) to edit
2 (una orquesta) to conduct
(una película) to direct
3 (hacer llegar unas palabras, un escrito) to address
(una mirada) to give
4 (encaminar, poner en una dirección) to direct, steer: dirigió el coche hacia la salida, he drove his car to the exit
dirigió la mirada hacia la caja fuerte, she looked towards the strongbox
dirigió sus pasos hacia el bosque, he made his way towards the wood
' dirigir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
cruzar
- derivar
- destinar
- enchufar
- enfilar
- mandar
- manejar
- manipular
- orquestar
- palabra
- conducir
English:
address
- aim
- bend
- conduct
- control
- direct
- guide
- lead
- level
- manage
- mastermind
- operate
- pitch
- run
- shine
- spearhead
- steer
- turn
- edit
- head
- produce
- target
* * *♦ vt1. [conducir] [coche, barco] to steer;[avión] to pilot;el canal dirige el agua hacia el interior de la región the canal channels the water towards the interior of the region2. [estar al cargo de] [empresa, hotel, hospital] to manage;[colegio, cárcel, periódico] to run; [partido, revuelta] to lead; [expedición] to head, to lead; [investigación] to supervise;dirige mi tesis, me dirige la tesis he's supervising my thesis, he's my PhD supervisor o US advisor3. [película, obra de teatro] to direct;[orquesta] to conductdirige el telescopio al norte point the telescope towards the north;dirigió sus acusaciones a las autoridades her accusations were aimed at the authorities5. [dedicar, encaminar]nos dirigían miradas de lástima they were giving us pitying looks, they were looking at us pityingly;dirigir unas palabras a alguien to speak to sb, to address sb;dirige sus esfuerzos a incrementar los beneficios she is directing her efforts towards increasing profits, her efforts are aimed at increasing profits;dirigen su iniciativa a conseguir la liberación del secuestrado the aim of their initiative is to secure the release of the prisoner;dirigió sus pasos hacia la casa he headed towards the house;no me dirigen la palabra they don't speak to me;un programa dirigido a los amantes de la música clásica a programme (intended) for lovers of classical music;consejos dirigidos a los jóvenes advice aimed at the young6. [carta, paquete] to address7. [guiar] [persona] to guide* * *v/t2 COM manage, run3:dirigir una carta a address a letter to;dirigir una pregunta a direct a question to4 ( conducir) lead* * *dirigir {35} vt1) : to direct, to lead2) : to address3) : to aim, to point4) : to conduct (music)* * *dirigir vb1. (película, tráfico) to directJames Cameron dirigió "Titanic" James Cameron directed "Titanic"2. (empresa, equipo) to manage¿quién dirige la selección española? who manages the Spanish national team?5. (libro, medida) to aim / to direct6. (carta, palabras) to addressdirigió sus comentarios a todos los jóvenes presentes she addressed her comments to all the young people who were there7. (orquesta) to conduct -
80 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance
The world's oldest diplomatic connection and alliance, an enduring arrangement between two very different nations and peoples, with important practical consequences in the domestic and foreign affairs of both Great Britain (England before 1707) and Portugal. The history of this remarkable alliance, which has had commercial and trade, political, foreign policy, cultural, and imperial aspects, can be outlined in part with a list of the main alliance treaties after the first treaty of commerce and friendship signed between the monarchs of England and Portugal in 1373. This was followed in 1386 by the Treaty of Windsor; then in 1654, 1661, 1703, the Methuen Treaty; and in 1810 and 1899 another treaty also signed at Windsor.Common interests in the defense of the nation and its overseas empire (in the case of Portugal, after 1415; in the case of England, after 1650) were partly based on characteristics and common enemies both countries shared. Even in the late Middle Ages, England and Portugal faced common enemies: large continental countries that threatened the interests and sovereignty of both, especially France and Spain. In this sense, the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance has always been a defensive alliance in which each ally would assist the other when necessary against its enemies. In the case of Portugal, that enemy invariably was Spain (or component states thereof, such as Castile and Leon) and sometimes France (i.e., when Napoleon's armies invaded and conquered Portugal as of late 1807). In the case of England, that foe was often France and sometimes Spain as well.Beginning in the late 14th century, England and Portugal forged this unusual relationship, formalized with several treaties that came into direct use during a series of dynastic, imperial, naval, and commercial conflicts between 1373 and 1961, the historic period when the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance had its most practical political significance. The relative world power and importance of each ally has varied over the centuries. During the period 1373-1580, the allies were similar in respective ranking in European affairs, and during the period 1480-1550, if anything, Portugal was a greater world power with a more important navy than England. During 1580-1810, Portugal fell to the status of a third-rank European power and, during 1810-1914, England was perhaps the premier world power. During 1914-61, England's world position slipped while Portugal made a slow recovery but remained a third- or fourth-rank power.The commercial elements of the alliance have always involved an exchange of goods between two seafaring, maritime peoples with different religions and political systems but complementary economies. The 1703 Methuen Treaty establ ished a trade link that endured for centuries and bore greater advantages for England than for Portugal, although Portugal derived benefits: English woolens for Portuguese wines, especially port, other agricultural produce, and fish. Since the signing of the Methuen Treaty, there has been a vigorous debate both in politics and in historical scholarship as to how much each nation benefited economically from the arrangement in which Portugal eventually became dependent upon England and the extent to which Portugal became a kind of economic colony of Britain during the period from 1703 to 1910.There is a vast literature on the Alliance, much of it in Portuguese and by Portuguese writers, which is one expression of the development of modern Portuguese nationalism. During the most active phase of the alliance, from 1650 to 1945, there is no doubt but that the core of the mutual interests of the allies amounted to the proposition that Portugal's independence as a nation in Iberia and the integrity of its overseas empire, the third largest among the colonial powers as of 1914, were defended by England, who in turn benefited from the use by the Royal Navy of Portugal's home and colonial ports in times of war and peace. A curious impact on Portuguese and popular usage had also come about and endured through the impact of dealings with the English allies. The idiom in Portuguese, "é para inglês ver," means literally "it is for the Englishman to see," but figuratively it really means, "it is merely for show."The practical defense side of the alliance was effectively dead by the end of World War II, but perhaps the most definitive indication of the end of the political significance of an alliance that still continues in other spheres occurred in December 1961, when the army of the Indian Union invaded Portugal's colonial enclaves in western India, Goa, Damão, and Diu. While both nations were now North Atlantic Treaty Organization allies, their interests clashed when it came to imperial and Commonwealth conflicts and policies. Portugal asked Britain for military assistance in the use of British bases against the army of Britain's largest former colony, India. But Portugal was, in effect, refused assistance by her oldest ally. If the alliance continues into the 21st century, its essence is historical, nostalgic, commercial, and cultural.See also Catherine of Braganza.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Anglo-Portuguese Alliance
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