cĭto

prae-grăvo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to press heavily upon, to oppress with weight, to encumber (perh. not before the Aug. period).

Lit.:

exonerare praegravante turbā regnum cupiens,

Liv. 5, 34:

praegravata telis scuta,

burdened, heavy, id. 7, 23:

caper praegravantibus auribus,

drooping, Col. 7, 6.—

Transf., to exceed in weight, preponderate:

ne praegravet fructus parte aliquā,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 184.—

Trop., to weigh down, depress: qui praegravat artes, Infra se positas, qs. presses them down by his own superiority, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 13.—

To preponderate:

cito apparebit, pars civitatis deterior quanto praegravet,

Sen. Clem. 1, 24, 1; Suet. Caes. 76.

praeter-vĕhor, vectus sum (separate, praeter erant vecti, Ov. M. 13, 713), 3, v. dep. n. and a.; prop., to be borne past, to drive, ride, or sail by (class.).

Lit.:

qui praetervehebantur,

Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 49:

praetervehens equo,

riding by, Liv. 22, 49, 6.—With acc.:

Apolloniam,

Caes. B. C. 3, 26:

ostia,

Verg. A. 3, 688:

Dulichios portus,

Ov. M. 13, 711:

Judaeam,

Suet. Aug. 93:

Puteolanum sinum,

id. ib. 98:

Velabrum,

id. Caes. 37.—

Transf., to pass by, march by, of foot-soldiers:

cito agmine forum praetervecti,

Tac. H. 3, 71.—

Trop., to pass by or over:

periculosissimum locum silentio sum praetervectus,

passed over in silence, Cic. Phil. 7, 3, 8:

scopulos praetervecta videtur oratio mea,

passed by, id. Cael. 21, 51:

oratio, quae non praetervecta sit aures vestras, sed, etc.,

id. Balb. 1, 4; Plin. Pan. 56.

prŏpĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [properus].

Act., to hasten, quicken, accelerate; to prepare, make, or do with haste (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

alia quae incepto usui forent properare,

Sall. J. 37, 4:

itineris properandi causā,

id. ib. [p. 1469] 105, 2:

properato itinere,

id. ib. 112, 2:

vascula intus pure propera,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 3:

obsonia,

id. Cas. 2, 8, 57:

fulmina,

Verg. G. 4, 171:

pecuniam heredi,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 62:

mortem,

Tib. 4, 1, 205; Verg. A. 9, 401:

coeptum iter,

Tac. H. 3, 40:

deditionem,

id. A. 2, 22:

caedem,

id. ib. 11, 37:

naves,

id. ib. 2, 6:

hoc studium,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 28.—In pass.:

vellera properabantur,

Hor. Epod. 12, 21: teneri properentur amores, Dum vacat, let them be sung hastily or briefly, Ov. Am. 3, 1, 69:

properatur amor,

id. M. 5, 396:

hinc porticus, inde delubra properantur,

Plin. Pan. 51, 3.—

Neutr., to make haste, to hasten, be quick (class.): aliud est properare, aliud festinare. Qui unum quid mature transigit, is properat: qui multa simul incipit neque perficit, is festinat, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 14, 2; id. ap. Fest. p. 234 Müll.; id. ap. Non. 441, 22:

propera, fer pedem,

Plaut. Men. 3, 3, 30:

properatin' ocius?

id. Curc. 2, 2, 33:

simulabat sese negotii causā properare,

Sall. J. 76, 1; 58, 6:

in Italiam,

Caes. B. G. 2, 35; id. B. C. 2, 20:

ad praedam, ad gloriam,

id. ib. 2, 39:

ad gaudia,

Hor. C. 4, 12, 21:

Romam,

Cic. Mil. 19, 49:

in patriam,

id. Fam. 12, 25:

in fata,

Luc. 8, 658:

sacris, for a sacris,

Ov. M. 6, 201; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 58;

but sometimes with collat. notion of excessive haste: properantibus Blaesus advenit, increpabatque, etc. (cf. the context),

Tac. A. 1, 18; 13, 17.— With sup.: ultro licentiam in vos auctum, atque adjutum properatis, Sall. Or. Licin. ad Pleb. (H. 3, 61, 16 Dietsch).—With inf.:

argentum propere propera vomere,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 10:

redire in patriam,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:

quin huc ad vos venire propero?

id. Rep. 6, 15, 15:

signa inferre, atque evadere oppido,

Sall. J. 56, 5:

pervenire,

Caes. B. G. 2, 11:

aliquem amando Perdere,

Hor. C. 1, 8, 2.—With object-clause:

se quisque hostem ferire properabat,

Sall. C. 7, 6; Amm. 25, 7.— Impers. pass.:

properatum vehementer, cum, etc.,

Cic. Sull. 19, 54; Verg. A. 4, 416.— Transf., of inanimate subjects, with inf. pass.:

mala decerpi properantia,

Plin. 15, 14, 15, § 52.—Hence,

prŏpĕrans, antis, P. a., hastening, hasty, rapid, speedy (class.):

ille properans, festinans,

Cic. Phil. 9, 3, 6:

haec properantes scripsimus,

in haste, id. Att. 4, 4, a.— Comp.:

rotam solito properantior urget,

Claud. in Ruf. 2, 337.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĕran-ter, hastily, speedily, quickly (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.:

propere, cito, festinanter, celeriter, etc.),

Lucr. 5, 300:

properanter accepit codicillos,

Tac. A. 16, 24.— Comp.:

beneficia properantius, quam aes mutuum, reddere,

Sall. J. 96, 2; 8, 2:

ire,

Ov. F. 4, 673.— Sup.: properantissime aliquid afferre, Cod. Th. 11, 30, 8.—

prŏpĕrātus, a, um, P. a., hurried, accelerated, rapid, quick, speedy (mostly poet.):

tabellae,

Ov. M. 9, 586:

mors,

id. Tr. 3, 3, 34:

gloria rerum,

id. M. 15, 748:

meta curribus,

i. e. rapidly approached, Mart. 10, 50, 7:

naves,

Tac. A. 2, 6:

tela,

id. ib. 2, 80.— Comp.:

properatius tempus,

Sol. 26.— Absol.: properato opus est, there is need of haste:

accurato et properato opus est,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 210:

erat nihil, cur properato opus esset,

Cic. Mil. 19, 49.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĕrā-tō, quickly, speedily (Tac.):

properato ad mortem agitur,

Tac. A. 13, 1.

rĕ-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3, v. n., to go back, fall back, give ground, retire, withdraw, recede.

Lit. (class.; cf.:

decedo, abscedo): pone nos recede,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 34:

ego abs te procul recedam,

id. Mil. 2, 4, 4:

hinc,

id. Bacch. 4, 1, 7:

illuc,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 7:

recedere loco,

id. Am. 1, 1, 84; cf.:

centuriones ex eo quo stabant loco recesserunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 43:

non modo illum e Galliā non discessisse, sed ne a Mutinā quidem recessisse,

Cic. Phil. 8, 7, 21:

procul a telo veniente,

Ov. M. 12, 359:

de medio,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 112:

ab hoste,

Ov. P. 3, 1, 151:

longius,

Verg. G. 4, 191:

tristis recedo,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 35; id. C. 2, 19, 31:

ab Illiturgi,

Liv. 24, 41:

in castra Corneliana,

Caes. B. C. 2, 30 fin. —

In partic., to retire to one's bedchamber, go to rest, Petr. 85, 5; Ov. Ib. 239.—

Transf.

Of inanimate and abstract things:

ut illae undae ad alios accedant, ab aliis autem recedant,

Cic. Planc. 6, 15:

verba movere loco, quamvis invita recedant,

yield, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 113:

multa ferunt anni venientes commoda secum, Multa recedentes adimunt,

the departing years, id. A. P. 176:

abeant ac recedant voces illae,

Plin. Pan. 2, 2.—

Of places, things, etc., to stand back, recede (i. e. to be distant or retired;

freq., esp. after the Aug. per.): secreta parentis Anchisae domus arboribusque obtecta recessit,

Verg. A. 2, 300; cf. Cat. 64, 43; and:

etsi lata recessit Urbe domus,

Stat. Th. 5, 242; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21:

Palaestina vocabatur, quā contingit Arabas... et quā recedit intus, Damascena,

Plin. 5, 12, 13, § 66:

Magna Graecia in tres sinus recedens Ausonii maris,

id. 3, 10, 15, § 95; 4, 10, 17, § 33; Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 18.—Of nations:

gens Cappadocum longissime Ponticarum omnium introrsus recedens,

Plin. 6, 8, 8, § 24.—In a painting, etc.:

pictor vi artis suae efficit, ut quaedam eminere in opere, quaedam recessisse credamus,

Quint. 2, 17, 21; cf.:

venter recessit,

Plin. Ep. 3, 6, 2.— Poet., of places, which appear to recede by our departure from them:

provehimur portu, terraeque urbesque recedunt,

Verg. A. 3, 72:

mea terra recedit,

Ov. M. 8, 139; 11, 466; Sil. 3, 157; Stat. Th. 1, 549 al.—

In gen., to go away, withdraw, retire, depart from a place, to abandon a thing, = discedere.

Lit. (in good prose very rare), = discedere, haec effatu' pater, germana, repente recessit, vanished, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 48 Vahl.):

nec vero a stabulis pluviā impendente recedunt Longius (apes),

Verg. G. 4, 191; Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 2.—

Transf., of things, to separate from any thing (with which it was previously connected):

in aliis ossibus ex toto saepe fragmentum a fragmento recedit,

Cels. 8, 7, 1:

carnes ab ossibus,

Plin. 22, 8, 9, § 22; 19, 5, 23, § 67:

caput e cervice,

Ov. P. 2, 8, 65;

for which also: caput cervice,

id. H. 16, 153; cf. id. F. 6, 708; Luc. 8, 674. —

Trop., to withdraw, depart, desist (class.; esp. freq. in Cic. and Quint.): si quid vos per laborem recte feceritis, labor ille a vobis cito recedet, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 1, 4:

avius a verā longe ratione recedit,

Lucr. 2, 229:

senes, ut in otia tuta recedant, aiunt, etc.,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 31:

ab officio recedere,

Cic. Off. 3, 4, 19; Auct. Her. 3, 3, 5; Cic. Caecin. 20, 58:

ab armis,

i. e. to lay them down, id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:

penitus a naturā,

id. Fin. 4, 16, 43:

ab eodem exemplo,

Quint. 1, 6, 6; 2, 8, 13; 7, 3, 21:

a sententiis ejus, ab omni voluntate, consiliisque,

Cic. Att. 12, 4, 2: a vitā, i. e. to kill one ' s self, id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40 (but Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 6, to die, in gen., a doubtful conjecture; Jahn, procedente [p. 1530] vitā):

a veritatis viā longe,

Lact. 2, 8, 1:

ab oppugnatione,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Very freq. of inanimate and abstract subjects:

postquam recessit vita patrio corpore,

Plaut. Merc. prol. 73:

(nomen hostis) a peregrino recessit et proprie in eo, qui arma contra ferret, remansit,

has lost the signification of foreigner, Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37; so,

res a consuetudine,

id. Quint. 21, 67; Quint. 2, 13, 11:

figurae sententiarum ab illo simplici modo indicandi recedunt,

id. 9, 2, 1:

ab usu cotidiano,

id. 10, 1, 44 et saep.— Poet., with simple abl.:

sic nunquam corde recedit Nata tuo,

departs, Stat. S. 3, 5, 55.— Absol., to vanish, pass away, disappear:

et pariter Phoebes, pariter maris ira recessit,

Ov. M. 12, 36:

spes,

Luc. 7, 688:

quonam nostri tibi cura recessit?

Verg. A. 2, 595:

fortuna recessit,

id. ib. 3, 53.— With in:

in ventos vita recessit,

passed away into the winds, Verg. A. 4, 705.— Hence, * rĕcessus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B.), drawn back, receding:

scaena recessior,

standing farther back, Vitr. 5, 8.

rĕ-cĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.

In the best prose, a publicist's t. t., to read out, recite a document, statement, report, etc., in public proceedings:

alicujus testimonium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 8, § 23; cf.:

testimonia tabulasve,

Quint. 7, 10, 13:

litteras in concione,

Cic. Att. 8, 9, 2:

litteras in senatu,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 1; Sall. C. 34, 3; cf. Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 1; 12, 25, 1; Caes. B. G. 7, 48:

edictum,

Cic. Quint. 29, 89; id. Verr. 2, 3, 10, § 26:

orationem,

id. Planc. 30, 74:

nolo cetera recitare,

id. ib.:

epistulam meam,

id. Sull. 24, 67:

quid ego nunc hic Chlori testimonium recitem?

id. Verr. 2, 2, 8, § 23:

rogationem suam populo,

Quint. 10, 5, 13:

testamentum,

id. 9, 2, 35:

recitet ex codice,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 10, § 26; so,

responsum ex scripto,

Liv. 23, 11:

de tabulis publicis,

Cic. Fl. 17, 40:

auctionem populi Romani de legis scripto,

id. Agr. 2, 18, 48:

elogium de testamento,

id. Clu. 48, 135.—

Of persons: testamento si recitatus heres esset pupillus Cornelius,

Cic. Caecin. 19, 54; so,

heres,

Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 177:

aliquem praeterire in recitando senatu,

in the list of senators, Cic. Dom. 32, 84; so,

senatum,

Liv. 29, 37: aut recitatis in actione, aut nominatis testibus, by reading over the witnesses (i. e. their testimony) or by simply naming them, Quint. 5, 7, 25; v. Spald. ad h. l. —

In gen., to read out, recite any thing in public (freq. since the Aug. per., after which it became customary to recite one's own works before audiences; cf.: pronuntio, declamo): To. At clare recitato. Do. Tace, dum perlego, Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 30:

postquam recitasti quod erat cerae creditum,

id. ib. 4, 3, 59:

in medio, qui Scripta foro recitent, sunt multi,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 75; cf. id. ib. 1, 4, 23; id. Ep. 1, 19, 42; 2, 1, 223; Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 45; id. P. 3, 5, 39; Juv. 8, 126; 3, 9; Plin. Ep. 7, 17, 1; 1, 5, 4; 1, 13; 2, 10, 6 et saep. al.—With dat.:

nec recitem cuiquam nisi amicis,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 73:

Quinctilio si quid recitares,

id. A. P. 438:

nec illi... verba ultra suppeditavere quam ut sacramentum recitaret,

Tac. H. 4, 59.—

To repeat from memory, say by heart, recite:

quin etiam recitare, si qua meminerunt, cogendi sunt (phrenetici),

Cels. 3, 18, 39; Mart. 9, 83, 4. —

Of prayers, to say, offer (eccl. Lat.):

orationes,

Vulg. Tob. 3, 25.

rĕ-mĕo, āvi, 1, v. n., to go or come back, to turn back, return (not freq. till after the [p. 1561] Aug. period; only once in Cic.; in Cæs. not at all; syn.: redeo, regredior).

Lit.:

remeabo intro,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 55:

remeato audacter,

id. As. 1, 3, 75:

in ludum, Afr. ap. Fest. s. h. v. p. 277 Müll. (Com. Rel. p. 151 Rib.): in patriam,

Ov. M. 15, 480:

patrias in sedes,

Tac. A. 14, 25 fin.:

rursum in terga (with cedere),

id. ib. 3, 21:

ad se (legati),

Liv. 9, 16:

ex Campaniā,

Tac. A. 15, 60; cf.

Aegypto,

id. ib. 2, 69:

eodem remeante nuntio,

Liv. 9, 3:

navibus remeabat disjecto agmine,

Tac. H. 5, 22; cf. Suet. Vit. Plin. fin.:

(coturnices) cum ex Italiā trans mare remeant,

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 8:

greges nocte remeabant ad stabula,

Liv. 24, 3, 5; Pall. 1, 39, 1. —

Poet. and late Lat. with acc.:

patrias remeabo inglorius urbes,

Verg. A. 11, 793:

Euboicos penates,

Stat. S. 3, 5, 12:

destinatas remeārunt sedes,

Amm. 17, 13, 34:

castra,

App. M. 7 pr.—

Of inanimate subjects: cum umore consumpto neque terra ali posset neque remearet aër, would flow back again, * Cic. N. D. 2, 46, 118:

(naves) mari remeabant,

Tac. A. 12, 17 fin.:

remeante flumine,

receding, id. H. 1, 86 fin.:

bis adfluunt bisque remeant (aquae),

Plin. 2, 97, 99, § 212.—

In partic., to come back as a victor, return home in triumph ( poet.; cf. Cort. ad Luc. 7, 256; Burm. ad Val. Fl. 4, 589):

victor ad Argos,

Verg. A. 2, 95; cf.:

victor domito ab hoste,

Ov. M. 15, 569:

Scythicis Crassus victor ab oris,

Luc. 2, 553:

nunc neque te longi remeantem pompa triumphi Excipit,

id. 1, 286:

triumpho,

Stat. Th. 12, 164.—With acc.: vetitos remeare triumphos, to return home to the triumph denied ( me), Luc. 7, 256.—

Trop., to come back, return:

transiit aetas, Quam cito, non segnis stat remeatque dies,

Tib. 1, 4, 28.—With acc.:

si natura juberet A certis annis aevom remeare peractum,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 94.—In discourse:

ad ordinem remeabo coeptorum,

Amm. 22, 16, 24 al.

form remānant = remeant (like dănunt = dant, prodīnunt = prodeunt, redīnunt = redeunt): rivos camposque remanant, Enn. Fragm. ap. Fest. p. 282 Müll. (Ann. v. 72 Vahl.).

rĕ-mitto, mīsi, missum, 3, v. a. and n.

Act., to let go back, send back, despatch back, drive back, cause to return (class. and very freq.; cf. reddo).

Lit.

In gen.: Al. Redde mihi illam (filiam)... Non remissura es mihi illam?... non remittes? Me. Non remittam! Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 29 sq.:

a legione omnes remissi sunt domum Thebis,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 22:

aliquem domum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 43 fin.; 4, 21; 7, 4 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 27 fin.:

mulieres Romam,

Cic. Att. 7, 23, 2:

paucos in regnum,

Caes. B. C. 2, 44:

Fabium cum legione in sua hiberna,

id. B. G. 5, 53:

partem legionum in sua castra,

id. B. C. 3, 97:

ad parentes aliquem nuntium,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 15:

aliquem ad aliquem,

id. Cas. 2, 8, 1; Cic. Fam. 16, 5, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 24; 26:

obsides alicui,

id. B. G. 3, 8 fin.; Lucil. ap. Lact. 5, 14:

is argentum huc remisit,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 69:

librum tibi remisi,

Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2: pila intercepta, to cast or hurl back, Caes. B. G. 2, 27; so,

tractum de corpore telum,

Ov. M. 5, 95:

epistulam ad aliquem,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 43:

litteras Caesari,

Caes. B. G. 5, 47; cf.:

scripta ad eum mandata per eos,

id. B. C. 1, 10:

naves ad aliquem,

id. B. G. 5, 23; so,

naves,

id. B. C. 1, 27:

obsides,

id. B. G. 3, 8; 3, 29:

nonne vides etiam, quantā vi tigna trabesque Respuat umor aquae?.. Tam cupide sursum revomit magis atque remittit,

drives back, Lucr. 2, 199; so,

aquas longe (cautes),

Sen. Hippol. 583:

calces (equi),

i. e. kick out behind, Nep. Eum. 5, 5.—

To send forth from itself, give out, yield:

ut melius muriā, quam testa marina remittit,

gives forth, yields, Hor. S. 2, 8, 53:

muriam,

Col. 12, 9 init.:

minimum seri,

id. 12, 13:

umorem (humus),

id. 12, 15 init.:

aeruginem (vasa aenea),

id. 12, 20, 2:

nec umenti sensit tellure remitti (nebulas),

Ov. M. 1, 604:

umorem ex se ipsa remittit,

Verg. G. 2, 218:

quod baca remisit olivae,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 69:

sanguinem e pulmone,

Ov. P. 1, 3, 19.—

In partic.

To let go back, to loosen, slacken, relax any thing strained, bound, rigid, etc. (syn. relaxo;

opp. intendo, adduco): in agro ambulanti ramulum adductum, ut remissus esset, in oculum suum recidisse,

Cic. Div. 1, 54, 123; cf.:

habenas vel adducere vel remittere,

id. Lael. 13, 45:

frena,

Ov. M. 2, 191 (opp. retinere);

6, 228: lora,

id. ib. 2, 200; id. Am. 3, 2, 14; cf.:

vela pennarum,

Lucr. 6, 743:

ira contractis, hilaritas remissis (superciliis) ostenditur,

Quint. 11, 3, 79:

quattuor remissis (digitis) magis quam tensis,

id. 11, 3, 99:

digitis,

Ov. H. 19, 197:

remissis,

id. M. 4, 229: junctasque manus remisit;

vinclis remissis, etc.,

i. e. to loose, id. ib. 9, 314 sq.:

digitum contrahens ac remittens,

Plin. 11, 26, 32, § 94: bracchia, i. e. to let sink or fall down, Verg. G. 1, 202: remissas manus, sinking or failing, Vulg. Heb. 12, 12:

frigore mella Cogit hiems eademque calor liquefacta remittit,

dissolves again, melts, Verg. G. 4, 36; cf.:

cum se purpureo vere remittit humus,

opens again, thaws, Tib. 3, 5, 4:

vere remissus ager,

Ov. F. 4, 126. —

To leave behind, produce:

veluti tractata notam labemque remittunt Atramenta,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 235.—

Jurid. t. t.: remittere nuntium or repudium, to send a bill of divorce, to dissolve a marriage or betrothal; v. nuntius and repudium.—

Trop.

In gen., to send back, give back, return, restore, dismiss, remove, etc.:

(specula) simulacra remittunt,

Lucr. 4, 337 Lachm.:

vocem late nemora alta remittunt,

Verg. A. 12, 929; cf.:

totidemque remisit Verba locus,

Ov. M. 3, 500:

chorda sonum... remittit acutum (with reddere),

Hor. A. P. 349:

vos me imperatoris nomine appellavistis: cujus si vos paenitet, vestrum vobis beneficium remitto, mihi meum restituite nomen,

Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:

quin etiam ipsis (imperium) remittere,

id. B. G. 7, 20: integram causam ad senatum remittit, refers, Tac. A. 3, 10:

a quibus appellatum erit, si forte ad eosdem remittemur,

Quint. 11, 1, 76; 12, 10, 21:

veniam,

to return, repay, Verg. A. 4, 436:

quae nisi respuis ex animo longeque remittis,

Lucr. 6, 68; cf.:

opinionem animo,

to dismiss, reject, cast off, Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

si quid ab omnibus conceditur, id reddo ac remitto,

resign it, id. Sull. 30, 84:

utramque provinciam remitto, exercitum depono,

id. Phil. 8, 8, 25:

Galliam togatam,

id. ib. 8, 9, 27.—

In partic.

(Acc. to I A. 2. a.) To slacken, relax, relieve, release, abate, remit (freq. and class.):

omnes sonorum tum intendens tum remittens persequetur gradus,

Cic. Or. 18, 59; cf.:

(sonorum vis) tum remittit animos, tum contrahit,

id. Leg. 2, 15, 38: quaero enim non quibus intendam rebus animum, sed quibus relaxem ac remittam, relieve, recreate, refresh, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 383, 23:

ut requiescerem curamque animi remitterem,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 61, § 137:

animum per dies festos licentius,

Liv. 27, 31; and in a like sense with se, Nep. Alcib. 1 fin.;

and mid.: mirum est, ut opusculis animus intendatur remittaturque,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 13:

animos a contentione pugnae,

Liv. 5, 41:

animos a certamine,

id. 9, 12:

animos a religione,

id. 5, 25; cf.:

nihil apud milites remittitur a summo certamine,

id. 6, 24, 10:

superioris temporis contentionem,

Caes. B. C. 2, 14 fin.; cf. Cic. Brut. 55, 202:

diligentiam in perdiscendo ac memoriam,

Caes. B. G. 6, 14; cf.:

curam et diligentiam remittunt,

id. B. C. 2, 13:

summum illud suum studium remisit,

Cic. Brut. 93, 320:

ea studia remissa temporibus revocavi,

id. Tusc. 1, 1, 1:

belli opera,

Liv. 30, 3:

bellum,

id. 30, 23:

pugnam,

Sall. J. 60, 3 al.:

urguent tamen et nihil remittunt,

Cic. Fin. 4, 28, 77: equites petere ut sibi laxaret aliquid laboris;

quibus ille, ne nihil remissum dicatis, remitto, etc.,

Liv. 9, 16:

cottidie aliquid iracundiae remittebat,

Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 19; cf. id. Att. 10, 4, 2:

aliquid de suo,

id. Rab. Post. 11, 31:

horam de meis legitimis horis,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 25:

aliquid de severitate cogendi,

id. Phil. 1, 5, 12; 13, 17, 36:

nihil de saevitiā,

Tac. A. 6, 25 al.; cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 17:

ex eo, quod ipse potest in dicendo, aliquantum remittet,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48:

aliquid ex pristinā virtute,

Caes. B. C. 3, 28:

aliquid ex curā verborum,

Quint. 10, 7, 22; 7, 1, 22.—With ellipsis of aliquid, etc.:

illum viris fortissimis remittere de summā non potuisse, te mulieri deterrimae recte remississe, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 35, § 82; Liv. 4, 43, 11:

de voluntate nihil,

Cic. Brut. 5, 17:

nihil e solito luxu,

Tac. H. 3, 55:

nihil ex arrogantiā,

id. Agr. 27 al. — Impers.:

tum aequo animo remittendum de celeritate existumabat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 49.—

With inf., to cease, leave off, omit to do any thing (rare;

not in Cic. or Cæs.): si cogites, remittas jam me onerare injuriis,

Ter. And. 5, 1, 8:

neque remittit quid ubique hostis ageret explorare,

Sall. J. 52, 5; cf.:

quid bellicosus Cantaber cogitet, remittas Quaerere,

Hor. C. 2, 11, 3.—

With se, or mid., to relax, abate:

ubi dolor et inflammatio se remiserunt,

Cels. 4, 24 fin.; cf.:

cum se furor ille remisit,

Ov. H. 4, 51:

quae (febres) certum habent circuitum et ex toto remittuntur,

Cels. 3, 12; cf. under II.—

Mid., to recreate one ' s self:

eundem, cum scripsi, eundem etiam cum remittor, lego,

Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 7; cf.:

fas est et carmine remitti,

id. ib. 7, 9, 9; cf.

supra: animus remittatur,

id. ib. 7, 9, 13.—

To give free course to (opp. continere):

animi appetitus, qui tum remitterentur, tum continerentur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 34.—

With respect to a person, to free one from any thing; to give up, grant, forgive, yield, resign, concede, surrender, sacrifice a thing to any one (= concedere, condonare); with acc. of the offence:

Tranioni remitte quaeso hanc noxiam causā meā,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 47:

injuriam,

Sall. H. 3, 61, 2 Dietsch:

quare tum cito senex ille remisit injuriam?

Sen. Contr. 2, 11, 1:

ut ex animo tibi volens omne delictum remittam,

App. M. 3, p. 137, 29; so freq. in late Lat., to remit, forgive a sin or offence:

peccata,

Vulg. Matt. 9, 2:

blasphemia,

id. ib. 12, 31:

cogitationem,

id. Act. 8, 22. — Freq. with acc. of the penalty:

multam,

Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:

poenam alicui,

Liv. 40, 10, 9: ipso remittente Verginio ultimam poenam, id. 3, 59, 10; 8, 35, 1:

omnia tibi ista concedam et remittam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 9, § 22; cf. id. Ac. 2, 33, 106; and:

alicui remittere atque concedere, ut, etc.,

id. Planc. 30, 73: meam animadversionem et suppli cium... remitto tibi et condono, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10, 2:

quod natura remittit, Invida jura negant,

Ov. M. 10, 330:

si per populum Romanum stipendium remittatur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44:

pecunias, quas erant in publicum Varroni cives Romani polliciti, remittit,

id. B. C. 2, 21; cf. Liv. 42, 53: aedes (venditas) alicui, to give up, resign a purchase, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 111:

tempus vobis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 30:

ut patria tantum nobis in nostrum privatum usum, quantum ipsi superesse posset, remitteret,

id. Rep. 1, 4, 8:

navem imperare debuisti ex foedere: remisisti in triennium: militem nullum umquam poposcisti per tot annos,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 21:

tibi remittunt omnes istam voluptatem et eā se carere patiuntur,

resign that pleasure to you, id. de Or. 1, 58, 246:

ut memoriam simultatium patriae remitteret,

sacrifice to his country, Liv. 9, 38; cf.:

privata odia publicis utilitatibus remittere,

Tac. A. 1, 10:

ut sibi poenam magistri equitum remitteret (dictator),

that he would remit for their sake, Liv. 8, 35:

dictator consulibus in senatu magnifice conlaudatis et suarum quoque rerum illis remisso honore, dictaturā se abdicavit,

having been resigned in their favor, id. 7, 11:

jus ipsi remittent,

will abandon their claim, id. 6, 18, 7.— Absol.:

remittentibus tribunis plebis comitia per interregem sunt habita,

withdrawing their opposition, Liv. 6, 36, 3:

de tributo remiserunt,

id. 5, 12, 13; cf. Tac. A. 1, 8:

si hoc ipsi remitti vellent, remitterent ipsi de maritumis custodiis,

Caes. B. C. 3, 17.—

Poet., with inf., to allow, permit:

sed mora damnosa est nec res dubitare remittit,

Ov. M. 11, 376; cf.:

(Fides) occulte saevire vetat, prodesse remittit,

Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 37. —

Neutr., to decrease, abate (very rare, but class.):

si forte ventus remisisset,

Caes. B. C. 3, 26:

imbres,

Liv. 40, 33, 4:

pestilentia,

id. 2, 34, 6:

cum remiserant dolores pedum,

Cic. Brut. 34, 130; cf.:

si remittent quippiam Philumenae dolores,

Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 14:

tumor remittens,

Cels. 7, 18:

vapor calidus primo non remittit propter levitatem,

does not sink, Vitr. 8, 2.— Hence, rĕmissus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. A. 2. a.), slack, loose, relaxed, languid (opp. contentus, contendere):

membra,

Lucr. 5, 852.

Lit.:

ut onera contentis corporibus facilius feruntur, remissis opprimunt,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54; cf.:

vox, ut nervi, quo remissior, hoc gravior et plenior,

Quint. 11, 3, 42:

ridens Venus et remisso Filius arcu,

Hor. C. 3, 27, 67:

ammoniacum,

i. e. liquid, Pall. 1, 41, 2; cf.

adeps,

Veg. 1, 11, 4. —

Trop., relaxed, not rigid, strict, or hard, both in a good and bad sense.

Mild, gentle, soft, indulgent, cheerful, good-humored, gay, etc. (syn.:

lenis, mitis, dulcis): remissior ventus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 26:

remissiora frigora,

id. B. G. 5, 12 fin.:

cantūs remissiores,

Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 254; cf.:

tum intentis tum remissis modis,

Quint. 11, 3, 17:

si me non improbissime Dolabella tractasset, dubitassem fortasse, utrum remissior essem, an summo jure contenderem,

Cic. Att. 16, 15, 1:

in eo sermone non remissi sumus,

id. Fin. 3, 1, 2:

remissus et subridens,

Tac. Or. 11 init.:

nisi magistratus valde lenes et remissi sint,

Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 66:

in ulciscendo remissior,

id. Red. ad Quir. 7, 23:

animus (with lenis),

id. de Or. 2, 46, 193; cf.:

remississimo ad otium et ad omnem comitatem animo,

i. e. most prone, Suet. Aug. 98:

remissus et mitis,

Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 5:

cum tristibus severe, cum remissis jucunde vivere,

Cic. Cael. 6, 13; cf. Suet. Galb. 14; id. Claud. 21:

decorus est sermo senis quietus et remissus,

Cic. Sen. 9, 28:

remissius genus dicendi,

id. Sest. 54, 115:

amicitia remissior esse debet et liberior et dulcior,

id. Lael. 18, 66; cf.

affectus,

Quint. 10, 1, 73:

egressiones dulces et remissae,

id. 11, 3, 164: joci, gay, merry (opp. curae graves), Ov. M. 3, 319; cf.:

remissiores hilarioresque sermones,

Suet. Tib. 21:

opus,

Ov. Tr. 2, 547. —

Slack, negligent, remiss (syn. languidus):

esse remisso ac languido animo,

Caes. B. C. 1, 21; cf.:

nostris languentibus atque animo remissis,

id. ib. 2, 14: dolus Numidarum [p. 1563] nihil languidi neque remissi patiebatur, i. e. no negligence, Sall. J. 53, 6; 88, 2:

in labore,

Nep. Iphic. 3, 1:

oderunt agilem gnavumque remissi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 90:

remissior in petendo,

Cic. Mur. 26, 52:

vita remissior,

Suet. Tib. 52.—

Lower, cheaper:

remissior aliquanto ejus fuit aestimatio quam annona,

below the market price, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 92, § 214. — Hence, adv.: rĕ-missē (acc. to B. 1.), gently, mildly (with leniter, urbane;

opp. severe, graviter, vehementer, etc.),

Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 102; id. Cael. 14, 33; Col. 1, 8, 10; Quint. 10, 2, 23; 12, 10, 71; Suet. Claud. 30.— Comp., Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255; id. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 76; Quint. 9, 2, 91.— Sup. is not found.

rĕ-pĕrĭo, repperi (less correctly reperi), rĕpertum, 4 (old fut. reperibit, Caecil. ap. Non. 508, 16:

reperibitur,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 48; Pompon. ap. Non. 1. 1.; inf. reperirier, Plaut. Truc. 4, 1, 1; Lucr. 4, 480), v. a. [pario] (orig., perh., to procure or find again; hence), in gen., to find, meet with, find out, either by searching or by accident (cf.: invenio, offendo, nanciscor).

Lit.:

ego illam reperiam,

will find her again, will find her out, Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 32:

Glycerium suos parentes repperit,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 11; 5, 6, 5:

perscrutabor fanum, si inveniam uspiam Aurum: sed si repperero, etc.,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 14:

quid repperisti? Non quod pueri clamitant in fabā se repperisse,

id. ib. 5, 10; cf. id. Bacch. 3, 6, 33:

facile invenies pejorem... meliorem neque tu reperies, etc.,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 53:

curculiones in tritico,

id. Curc. 4, 4, 31; cf. Ov. M. 1, 654:

aliquem hominem,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 8:

multos,

Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 28:

mortui sunt reperti,

id. Tusc. 1, 47, 114:

puerum aut puellam sibi recens natum,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 16:

ibi quoque equi caput repertum,

Just. 18, 5, 16:

ceterarum artium repertos antistites agriculturae neque discipulos neque praeceptores inventos,

Col. 11, 1, 10:

divitiis incubare repertis,

Verg. A. 6, 610. —

Trop.

In gen., to find, find out, discern; to get, procure, obtain:

occasionem,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 4, 9:

propter paupertatem nomen,

id. Stich. 11, 3, 22:

gloriam armis,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60:

quamvis malam rem quaeris, illic reperias,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 153; cf.:

si quaerimus, cur, etc.... causas reperiemus verissimas duas,

Cic. Brut. 95, 325:

rem repperi omnem ex tuo magistro, ne nega,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 37:

verae amicitiae difficillime reperiuntur in iis, qui, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 17, 64:

nec quicquam difficilius quam reperire, quod sit omni ex parte in suo genere perfectum,

id. ib. 21, 79:

nec vos exitum reperitis,

id. N. D. 1, 38, 107:

perpauci lintribus inventis sibi salutem reppererunt,

found, obtained, Caes. B. G. 1, 53 Oud. N. cr.:

aristolochia nomen ex inventore reperit,

Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16: sollicitudinis finem, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 4:

cujus praeclara apud Vergilium multa exempla reperio,

Quint. 8, 3, 79; cf. in pass., id. 1, 5, 43:

quibus (armis) quemadmodum salutariter uterentur, non reperiebant,

Cic. Brut. 2, 8. —

In partic.

With a double predicate, to find, discover, perceive, learn, ascertain a thing to be in any manner:

qui invident, omnes inimicos mihi istoc facto repperi,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 6:

hoc si secus reperies, nullam causam dico,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 92:

quam paucos reperias meretricibus Fideles evenire amatores,

Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 3:

re ipsā repperi, Facilitate nihil esse homini melius,

id. Ad. 5, 4, 6; cf.:

cum transgressos repperisset consules,

Vell. 2, 50, 1:

quorum de moribus Caesar cum quaereret, sic reperiebat,

Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

neque, quanta esset insulae magnitudo, reperire poterat,

id. ib. 4, 20;

1, 50: Caesar repperit ab Suevis auxilia missa,

id. ib. 6, 9:

repperit esse vera,

id. ib. 1, 18:

quem Tarentum venisse reperio,

Cic. Sen. 4, 10.— So pass., with a double subject (i.e. with a predicate nom.), to be found, discovered, recognized to be any thing:

quos cum censeas Esse amicos, reperiuntur falsi falsimoniis,

Plaut. Bacch. 3. 6, 12:

ingrato ingratus repertus est,

id. Pers. 5, 2, 59:

improbissimus reperiebare,

Cic. Quint. 20, 56:

ceteris rebus aut pares aut etiam inferiores reperiemur, religione multo superiores,

id. N. D. 2, 3, 8; id. Fl. 38, 94.— With inf.:

quoniam duplex natura duarum Dissimilis rerum longe constare reperta'st,

Lucr. 1, 504:

Sybarim et Crotonem et in eas Italiae partes Pythagoras venisse reperitur,

Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 28:

nec ulli periisse nisi in proelio reperiuntur,

Suet. Caes. 75.—

To find out, hit upon, invent, devise, discover (freq. after the Aug. period; cf. repertor;

whereas invenire is used in this signif. in all periods): reperi, comminiscere, cedo calidum consilium cito,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 71; cf.:

aliquid calidi consilii,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 71:

sibi aliquam astutiam,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 7:

repperisti tibi quod placeat,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 35; 3, 2, 22:

consilium,

id. Phorm. 1, 4, 1:

causam,

id. ib. 2, 1, 4:

mihimet ineunda ratio et via reperiunda est, quā, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 46, § 110:

nihil novi reperiens,

id. Ac. 2, 6, 16:

hoc reperire difficilius, quam, cum inveneris, argumentis adjuvare,

Quint. 5, 10, 116:

reperta verba (opp. nativa),

id. 8, 3, 36:

medicina ex observatione salubrium reperta est,

id. 2, 17, 4; 9, 4, 114:

ludusque (scaenicus) repertus,

Hor. A. P. 405:

serrae reperit usum,

Ov. M. 8, 246; 1, 687:

repertā nuper conjuratione,

discovered, Tac. A. 16, 15; cf.:

posterius res inventa est aurumque repertum,

Lucr. 5, 1112; 1240:

in quarum exercitationem reperta est (declamatio),

Quint. 2, 10, 4; 4, 2, 21; 4, 3, 2; 8, 3, 72; 12, 10, 72; Tac. Agr. 19.— With dat., Quint. 8, 6, 19.— With object-clause:

Indi gemmas crystallum tingendo adulterare repererunt,

Plin. 35, 5, 20, § 79 (where, however, Jahn reads invenerunt).—Hence, rĕperta, ōrum, n., inventions (mostly in Lucr.):

exponunt praeclara reperta,

Lucr. 1, 732; 136; 5, 2; 13; 6, 7;

and (perh. in imitation),

Rhem. Fan. Pond. 15.

rĕ-pĕrĭo, repperi (less correctly reperi), rĕpertum, 4 (old fut. reperibit, Caecil. ap. Non. 508, 16:

reperibitur,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 48; Pompon. ap. Non. 1. 1.; inf. reperirier, Plaut. Truc. 4, 1, 1; Lucr. 4, 480), v. a. [pario] (orig., perh., to procure or find again; hence), in gen., to find, meet with, find out, either by searching or by accident (cf.: invenio, offendo, nanciscor).

Lit.:

ego illam reperiam,

will find her again, will find her out, Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 32:

Glycerium suos parentes repperit,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 11; 5, 6, 5:

perscrutabor fanum, si inveniam uspiam Aurum: sed si repperero, etc.,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 14:

quid repperisti? Non quod pueri clamitant in fabā se repperisse,

id. ib. 5, 10; cf. id. Bacch. 3, 6, 33:

facile invenies pejorem... meliorem neque tu reperies, etc.,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 53:

curculiones in tritico,

id. Curc. 4, 4, 31; cf. Ov. M. 1, 654:

aliquem hominem,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 8:

multos,

Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 28:

mortui sunt reperti,

id. Tusc. 1, 47, 114:

puerum aut puellam sibi recens natum,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 16:

ibi quoque equi caput repertum,

Just. 18, 5, 16:

ceterarum artium repertos antistites agriculturae neque discipulos neque praeceptores inventos,

Col. 11, 1, 10:

divitiis incubare repertis,

Verg. A. 6, 610. —

Trop.

In gen., to find, find out, discern; to get, procure, obtain:

occasionem,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 4, 9:

propter paupertatem nomen,

id. Stich. 11, 3, 22:

gloriam armis,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60:

quamvis malam rem quaeris, illic reperias,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 153; cf.:

si quaerimus, cur, etc.... causas reperiemus verissimas duas,

Cic. Brut. 95, 325:

rem repperi omnem ex tuo magistro, ne nega,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 37:

verae amicitiae difficillime reperiuntur in iis, qui, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 17, 64:

nec quicquam difficilius quam reperire, quod sit omni ex parte in suo genere perfectum,

id. ib. 21, 79:

nec vos exitum reperitis,

id. N. D. 1, 38, 107:

perpauci lintribus inventis sibi salutem reppererunt,

found, obtained, Caes. B. G. 1, 53 Oud. N. cr.:

aristolochia nomen ex inventore reperit,

Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16: sollicitudinis finem, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 4:

cujus praeclara apud Vergilium multa exempla reperio,

Quint. 8, 3, 79; cf. in pass., id. 1, 5, 43:

quibus (armis) quemadmodum salutariter uterentur, non reperiebant,

Cic. Brut. 2, 8. —

In partic.

With a double predicate, to find, discover, perceive, learn, ascertain a thing to be in any manner:

qui invident, omnes inimicos mihi istoc facto repperi,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 6:

hoc si secus reperies, nullam causam dico,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 92:

quam paucos reperias meretricibus Fideles evenire amatores,

Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 3:

re ipsā repperi, Facilitate nihil esse homini melius,

id. Ad. 5, 4, 6; cf.:

cum transgressos repperisset consules,

Vell. 2, 50, 1:

quorum de moribus Caesar cum quaereret, sic reperiebat,

Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

neque, quanta esset insulae magnitudo, reperire poterat,

id. ib. 4, 20;

1, 50: Caesar repperit ab Suevis auxilia missa,

id. ib. 6, 9:

repperit esse vera,

id. ib. 1, 18:

quem Tarentum venisse reperio,

Cic. Sen. 4, 10.— So pass., with a double subject (i.e. with a predicate nom.), to be found, discovered, recognized to be any thing:

quos cum censeas Esse amicos, reperiuntur falsi falsimoniis,

Plaut. Bacch. 3. 6, 12:

ingrato ingratus repertus est,

id. Pers. 5, 2, 59:

improbissimus reperiebare,

Cic. Quint. 20, 56:

ceteris rebus aut pares aut etiam inferiores reperiemur, religione multo superiores,

id. N. D. 2, 3, 8; id. Fl. 38, 94.— With inf.:

quoniam duplex natura duarum Dissimilis rerum longe constare reperta'st,

Lucr. 1, 504:

Sybarim et Crotonem et in eas Italiae partes Pythagoras venisse reperitur,

Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 28:

nec ulli periisse nisi in proelio reperiuntur,

Suet. Caes. 75.—

To find out, hit upon, invent, devise, discover (freq. after the Aug. period; cf. repertor;

whereas invenire is used in this signif. in all periods): reperi, comminiscere, cedo calidum consilium cito,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 71; cf.:

aliquid calidi consilii,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 71:

sibi aliquam astutiam,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 7:

repperisti tibi quod placeat,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 35; 3, 2, 22:

consilium,

id. Phorm. 1, 4, 1:

causam,

id. ib. 2, 1, 4:

mihimet ineunda ratio et via reperiunda est, quā, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 46, § 110:

nihil novi reperiens,

id. Ac. 2, 6, 16:

hoc reperire difficilius, quam, cum inveneris, argumentis adjuvare,

Quint. 5, 10, 116:

reperta verba (opp. nativa),

id. 8, 3, 36:

medicina ex observatione salubrium reperta est,

id. 2, 17, 4; 9, 4, 114:

ludusque (scaenicus) repertus,

Hor. A. P. 405:

serrae reperit usum,

Ov. M. 8, 246; 1, 687:

repertā nuper conjuratione,

discovered, Tac. A. 16, 15; cf.:

posterius res inventa est aurumque repertum,

Lucr. 5, 1112; 1240:

in quarum exercitationem reperta est (declamatio),

Quint. 2, 10, 4; 4, 2, 21; 4, 3, 2; 8, 3, 72; 12, 10, 72; Tac. Agr. 19.— With dat., Quint. 8, 6, 19.— With object-clause:

Indi gemmas crystallum tingendo adulterare repererunt,

Plin. 35, 5, 20, § 79 (where, however, Jahn reads invenerunt).—Hence, rĕperta, ōrum, n., inventions (mostly in Lucr.):

exponunt praeclara reperta,

Lucr. 1, 732; 136; 5, 2; 13; 6, 7;

and (perh. in imitation),

Rhem. Fan. Pond. 15.

rēs, rei (rēi with e long; gen., Lucr. 2, 112; 548; 6, 918; dat., id. 1, 688; 2, 236; rei, gen., monosyl. at the end of the verse, Lucr. 3, 918;

and in the middle of the verse,

id. 4, 885, and Poët. ap. Lact. 6, 6), f. [ etym. dub.; perh. root ra- of reor, ratus; cf. Germ. Ding; Engl. thing, from denken, to think; prop., that which is thought of; cf. also logos, Lid. and Scott, 9], a thing, object, being; a matter, affair, event, fact, circumstance, occurrence, deed, condition, case, etc.; and sometimes merely = something (cf.: causa, ratio, negotium).

In gen.:

unde initum primum capiat res quaeque movendi,

Lucr. 1, 383; cf. id. 1, 536:

in partes res quaeque minutas Distrahitur,

id. 2, 826: summe Sol, qui omnes res inspicis, Enn. ap. Prob. Verg. E. 6, 31 (Trag. v. 321 Vahl.):

versus, quos ego de Rerum Naturā pangere conor,

Lucr. 1, 25; cf. id. 1, 126; 5, 54:

rerum natura creatrix,

id. 2, 1117:

divinarum humanarumque rerum, tum initiorum causarumque cujusque rei cognitio,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7 (v. divinus):

haeret haec res,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 182:

profecto, ut loquor, ita res est,

id. ib. 2, 1, 19:

haud mentior, resque uti facta dico,

id. ib. 2, 1, 23:

de Alcumenā ut rem teneatis rectius,

id. ib. prol. 110:

in tantis rebus (sc. in re publicā defendendā),

Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4 et saep.:

quo Averna vocantur nomine, id ab re Impositum est, quia sunt avibus contraria cunctis,

from the nature of the thing, Lucr. 6, 740; cf. id. 6, 424; Liv. 1, 17:

si res postulabit,

the condition of the case, Cic. Lael. 13, 44: scaena rei totius haec, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 3:

fugam in se nemo convertitur Nec recedit loco, quin statim rem gerat,

does his duty, stands his ground, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 84; so, res gerere, v. gero; hence, too, rerum scriptor, for a historian, v. scriptor, and cf. II. H. infra.—

With adj. of quality, to express condition, etc.:

illic homo a me sibi malam rem arcessit,

is bringing a bad business on himself, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 171; so,

res mala,

a wretched condition, Sall. C. 20, 13; and more freq. in plur.:

bonis tuis rebus meas res irrides malas,

circumstances, condition, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45; id. Rud. 3, 3, 12:

res secundae,

good fortune, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30; cf. Liv. 3, 9:

res prosperae,

Nep. Dion, 6, 1; id. Eum. 5, 1:

in secundissimis rebus,

Cic. Off. 1, 26, 91:

adversae res,

id. ib. 1, 26, 90; Hor. S. 2, 2, 136; 2, 8, 73:

res belli adversae,

Liv. 10, 6:

res dubiae,

Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; Liv. 2, 50; 7, 30;

v. bonus, florens, salvus, adversus, dubius, novus, arduus, etc.— Freq. in curses, etc.: in malam rem,

go to the bad, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 37; id. And. 2, 1, 17:

malam rem hinc ibis?

id. Eun. 3, 3, 30.—

With an adj. in a periphrasis:

abhorrens ab re uxoriā,

matrimony, Ter. And. 5, 1, 10:

in arbitrio rei uxoriae,

dowry, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 61:

rem divinam nisi compitalibus... ne faciat,

a religious act, act of worship, a sacrifice, Cato, R. R. 5, 4:

bellicam rem administrari majores nostri nisi auspicato noluerunt,

Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76; Hor. C. 4, 3, 6:

erat ei pecuaria res ampla et rustica,

Cic. Quint. 3, 12: res rustica, agriculture:

rei rusticae libro primo,

Col. 11, 1, 2; id. 1, praef. §

19: liber, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,

Cic. Sen. 15, 54:

navalis rei certamina,

naval battles, Amm. 26, 3, 5:

res militaris,

Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2:

rei militaris gloria,

id. Mur. 9, 22; Nep. Milt. 8, 4:

res frumentaria,

forage, Caes. B. C. 3, 16; id. B. G. 1, 23; 4, 7:

armatae rei scientissimus,

Amm. 25, 4, 7:

peritus aquariae rei,

id. 28, 2, 2:

res judicaria,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31:

res ludicra,

play, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 180:

uti rebus veneriis,

Cic. Sen. 14, 47; Nep. Alc. 11, 4:

res Veneris,

Lucr. 2, 173; Ov. R. Am. 431; v. also familiaris, judiciaria, militaris, navalis, etc., and cf. II. G. infra. —

With pronouns or adjectives, as an emphatic periphrase for the neutr.:

ibi me inclamat Alcumena: jam ea res me horrore afficit,

this now, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 16; cf.: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam:

Ea res est,

it is even so, id. As. 1, 1, 40:

de fratre confido ita esse ut semper volui. Multa signa sunt ejus rei,

of it, Cic. Att. 1, 10, 5: quos (melittônas) alii melittotropheia appellant, eandem rem quidam mellaria. Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 12:

sunt ex te quae scitari volo, Quarum rerum, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 13; cf. Caes. B. G. 3, 4:

quibus de rebus quoniam nobis contigit ut aliquid essemus consecuti,

Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

quā super re interfectum esse Hippotem dixisti? Pac. ap. Fest. s. v. superescit, p. 244: resciscet Amphitruo rem omnem,

every thing, all, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 30:

nulla res tam delirantes homines concinat cito,

nothing, id. Am. 2, 2, 96; cf.:

neque est ulla res, in quā, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12; 1, 5, 9; cf.

also: sumptu ne parcas ullā in re, quod ad valetudinem opus sit,

id. Fam. 16, 4, 2:

magna res principio statim bello,

a great thing, a great advantage, Liv. 31, 23 fin.:

nil admirari prope res est una Solaque, quae, etc.,

the only thing, only means, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 1 et saep. — Emphatically with sup.:

scilicet rerum facta est pulcherrima Roma,

the most beautiful thing in the world, Verg. G. 2, 534; Quint. 1, 12, 16 Spald. p. 81. —

Of persons, etc.: est genus hominum, qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17:

maxime rerum,

Ov. H. 9, 107; cf.:

maxima rerum Roma,

Verg. A. 7, 602; Ov. M. 13, 508:

fortissima rerum animalia,

id. ib. 12, 502:

pulcherrime rerum,

id. H. 4, 125; id. A. A. 1, 213; id. M. 8, 49:

dulcissime rerum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 4.—

In adverb. phrases:

e re natā melius fieri haud potuit,

after what has happened, Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8:

pro re natā,

according to circumstances, Cic. Att. 7, 8, 2; 14, 6, 1:

pro tempore et pro re,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

factis benignus pro re,

according to circumstances, Liv. 7, 33, 3; Sall. J. 50, 2:

pro re pauca loquar,

Verg. A. 4, 337; Lucr. 6, 1280:

ex re et ex tempore,

Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 3:

e re respondi,

Cat. 10, 8.

In partic.

Pregn., an actual thing, the thing itself, reality, truth, fact; opposed to appearance, mere talk, the mere name of a thing:

ecastor, re experior, quanti facias uxorem tuam,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 10:

desiste dictis nunc jam miseram me consolari: Nisi quid re praesidium apparas, etc.,

id. Rud. 3, 3, 21: rem ipsam loqui. Ter. And. 1, 2, 31:

rem fabulari,

Plaut. Trin 2, 4, 87:

nihil est aliud in re,

in fact, Liv. 10, 8, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:

se ipsa res aperit,

Nep. Paus. 3, 7:

ex re decerpere fructus,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 79;

opp. verbum, vox, opinio, spes, nomen, etc.: rem opinor spectari oportere, non verba,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; cf.: te rogo, ut rem potiorem oratione ducas, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5:

non modo res omnes, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus,

Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1:

qui hos deos non re, sed opinione esse dicunt,

id. N. D. 3, 21, 53:

Peripateticos et Academicos nominibus differentes, re congruentes,

id. Ac. 2, 5, 15:

quod nos honestum, illi vanum... verbis quam re probabilius vocant,

Quint. 3, 8, 22; Sen. Ep. 120, 9:

eum, tametsi verbo non audeat, tamen re ipsā de maleficio suo confiteri,

id. Rosc. Am. 42, 123; cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 15:

vides quantum distet argumentatio tua ab re ipsā atque a veritate,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 44. — Hence, abl. sing., often strengthened by verā (sometimes as one word, reverā), in fact, really, in truth, indeed, in reality:

haec ille, si verbis non audet, re quidem verā palam loquitur,

Cic. Quint. 17, 56; so,

re quidem verā,

id. Clu. 19, 54; id. Sest. 7, 15:

re autem verā,

id. Fam. 1, 4, 2;

and simply re verā,

id. Quint. 2, 7; id. Div. 2, 54, 110; id. Balb. 3, 7:

re verāque,

Lucr. 2, 48; cf.:

et re verā,

indeed, in fact, Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1; Liv. 33, 11, 3; 35, 31, 12; 36, 6, 1; Nep. Ages. 2, 3; id. Phoc. 3, 3; Curt. 3, 13, 5; 4, 16, 19; Val. Max. 9, 13, ext. 1; Just. 5, 1, 8; 12, 13, 10; Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 1.—

Effects, substance, property, possessions:

mihi Chrysalus Perdidit filium, me atque rem omnem Meam,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 26; cf.: Ph. Habuitne rem? Ly. Habuit. Ph. Qui eam perdidit... Mercaturamne an venales habuit, ubi rem perdidit? id. Trin. 2, 2, 49 sq.:

quibus et re salvā et perditā profueram,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 27:

rem talentum decem,

id. Phorm. 2, 3, 46; Juv. 3, 16:

avidior ad rem,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51:

rem facere,

to make money, Cic. Att. 2, 2, 12:

res eos jampridem, fides deficere nuper coepit,

id. Cat. 2, 5, [p. 1576] 10:

qui duo patrimonia accepisset remque praeterea bonis et honestis rationibus auxisset,

id. Rab. Post. 14, 38:

libertino natum patre et in tenui re,

in narrow circumstances, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 20 et saep.; v. also familiaris.— In plur.: quantis opibus, quibus de rebus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 396 Vahl.):

privatae res,

Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5.—

Hence, law t. t., whatever may be the subject of a right, whether corporeal or incorporeal (v. Sandars, Introd. to Just. Inst. p. 42 sqq.):

res corporales,

Just. Inst. 2, 2, 1 sq.; Gai. Inst. 2, 12; Dig. 1, 8, 1:

res in patrimonio, res extra patrimonium,

Just. Inst. 2, 1 pr.; Gai. Inst. 2, 1:

res sanctae,

Just. Inst. 2, 1, 10; v. also mancipium, privatus, etc.—

Benefit, profit, advantage, interest, weal:

res magis quaeritur, quam, etc.,

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 6:

melius illi consulas quam rei tuae,

id. Cist. 1, 1, 98:

haec tuā re feceris,

to your advantage, id. Capt. 2, 2, 46.— Most freq. with the prepositions in, ex, ob, ab, etc.:

quasi istic minor mea res agatur quam tua,

is interested, affected, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113 (v. ago):

si in rem tuam esse videatur,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 2:

vide si hoc in rem deputas,

id. ib. 3, 3, 19:

quod in rem recte conducat tuam,

id. Capt. 2, 3, 26:

si in remst utrique,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 14:

quid mihi melius est, quid magis in rem est, quam? etc.,

useful, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 1:

tamen in rem fore credens universos adpellare,

Sall. C. 20, 1:

omnia quae in rem videbantur esse,

Curt. 6, 2, 21:

ad conparanda ea quae in rem erant,

Liv. 30, 4, 6:

imperat quae in rem sunt,

id. 26, 44, 7; 22, 3, 2:

ex tuā re non est, ut ego emoriar,

for your advantage, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 102: An. Non pudet Vanitatis? Do. Minime, dum ob rem, to the purpose, with advantage, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 41: ob rem facere, usefully, with advantage or profit, Sall. J. 31, 5: subdole blanditur, ab re Consulit blandiloquentulus, contrary to his interest, i. e. to his injury, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12 Brix ad loc.:

haud id est ab re aucupis,

id. As. 1, 3, 71:

haec haud ab re duxi referre,

Liv. 8, 11, 1:

non ab re esse Quinctio visum est interesse, etc.,

id. 35, 32, 6; Plin. 27, 8, 35, § 57; Suet. Aug. 94; Gell. 18, 4, 6; 1, 26, 4; Macr. S. 1, 4, 19.—

Cause, reason, ground, account; only in the connection eā (hac) re, and eam ob rem, adverb., therefore, on that account:

eā re tot res sunt, ubi bene deicias,

Cato, R. R. 158, 2:

hac re nequeunt ex omnibus omnia gigni, Quod, etc.,

Lucr. 1, 172; cf.:

illud eā re a se esse concessum, quod, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 111:

patrem exoravi, tibi ne noceat, neu quid ob eam rem succenseat,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 39; cf.:

quoi rei?

for what purpose? id. As. 3, 2, 43; id. Poen. 2, 3, 3.—Hence (by uniting into one word) the causal adverbs quare and quamobrem, v. h. vv.—

An affair, matter of business, business:

cum et de societate inter se multa communicarent et de totā illā ratione atque re Gallicanā,

Cic. Quint. 4, 15:

rem cum aliquo transigere,

id. Clu. 13, 39. —

Hence, transf., in gen.: res alicui est cum aliquo,

to have to do with any one, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Sest. 16, 37; id. Fam. 9, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 77; cf.:

famigeratori res sit cum damno et malo,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 182 Brix ad loc.— Also without a dat.:

quoniam cum senatore res est,

Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 3;

esp., in mal. part.: rem habere cum aliquo or aliquā,

to have to do with any one, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 35; id. Merc. 3, 1, 37; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 39; 58. —Ellipt.:

jam biennium est, quom mecum rem coepit,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 15. —

A case in law, a lawsuit, cause, suit (more gen. than causa):

ubi res prolatae sunt,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 10:

res agi,

id. Men. 4, 2, 19; id. Aul. 3, 4, 13:

quibus res erat in controversiā, ea vocabatur lis,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 93; cf.

(prob. in allusion to this legal form): tot homines... statuere non potuisse, utrum diem tertium an perendinum... rem an litem dici oporteret,

Cic. Mur. 12, 27; cf.

also: quarum rerum litium causarum condixit pater patratus, etc., an ancient formula,

Liv. 1, 32:

de rebus ab aliquo cognitis judicatisque dicere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 48, § 118:

pecunias capere ob rem judicandam,

id. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

si res certabitur olim,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 27; 1, 10, 15; 1, 9, 41; id. Ep. 1, 16, 43:

tractu temporis futurum, ut res pereat,

Dig. 3, 3, 12:

rem differre,

ib. 43, 30, 3: res judicata dicitur, quae finem controversiarum pronuntiatione judicis accipit, ib. 42, 1, 1 et saep.—

An affair, esp. a battle, campaign, military operations; in phrase rem (or res) gerere:

res gesta virtute,

Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 66:

ut res gesta est ordine narrare,

Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 3:

his rebus gestis,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

res gerere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 33:

rem bene gerere,

id. ib. 1, 8, 1; Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 13:

comminus rem gerunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 44:

res gestae,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 7; 2, 1, 251:

adversus duos simul rem gerere,

Liv. 21, 60:

rem male gerere,

Nep. Them. 3, 3; Hor. S. 2, 3, 74:

in relatione rerum ab Scythis gestarum,

Just. 2, 1, 1; cf.:

rem agere,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 4; id. A. P. 82:

ante rem,

before the battle, Liv. 4, 40:

cum Thebanis sibi rem esse existimant,

Nep. Pel. 1, 3; Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—

Acts, events, as the subject of narration, a story, history:

res in unam sententiam scripta,

Auct. Her. 1, 12, 20:

cui lecta potenter erit res,

Hor. A. P. 40; id. S. 1, 10, 57; id. Ep. 1, 19, 29:

in medias res auditorem rapere,

id. A. P. 148; 310:

agitur res in scaenis,

id. ib. 179; cf.:

numeros animosque secutus, non res,

id. Ep. 1, 19, 25; Phaedr. 5, 1, 12:

sicut in rebus ejus (Neronis) exposuimus,

Plin. 2, 83, 85, § 199:

litterae, quibus non modo res omnis, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus,

Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1:

res populi Romani perscribere, Liv. praef. § 1: res Persicae,

history, Nep. Con. 5, 4; id. Cat. 3, 2.—

Res publica, also as one word, respublica, the common weal, a commonwealth, state, republic (cf. civitas); also, civil affairs, administration, or power, etc.: qui pro republicā, non pro suā obsonat, Cato ap. Ruf. 18, p. 210; cf.:

erat tuae virtutis, in minimis tuas res ponere, de re publicā vehementius laborare,

Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 3:

dummodo ista privata sit calamitas et a rei publicae periculis sejungatur,

id. Cat. 1, 9; cf.:

si re publicā non possis frui, stultum est nolle privatā,

id. Fam. 4, 9, 4:

egestates tot egentissimorum hominum nec privatas posse res nec rem publicam sustinere,

id. Att. 9, 7, 5 (v. publicus); Cato ap. Gell. 10, 14, 3: auguratum est, rem Romanam publicam summam fore, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:

quo utiliores rebus suis publicis essent,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 155:

commutata ratio est rei totius publicae,

id. Att. 1, 8, 4: pro republicā niti, Cato ap. Charis. p. 196 fin.:

merere de republicā,

Plaut. Am. prol. 40:

de re publicā disputatio... dubitationem ad rem publicam adeundi tollere, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

oppugnare rem publicam,

id. Cael. 1, 1; id. Har. Resp. 8, 15; id. Sest. 23, 52:

paene victā re publicā,

id. Fam. 12, 13, 1:

delere rem publicam,

id. Sest. 15, 33; Lact. 6, 18, 28.—Esp. in the phrase e re publicā, for the good of the State, for the public benefit:

senatūs consultis bene et e re publicā factis,

Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 30:

ea si dicam non esse e re publicā dividi,

id. Fam. 13, 8, 2; id. Mil. 5, 14; Liv. 8, 4, 12; 25, 7, 4; 34, 34, 9; Suet. Rhet. 1 init. —Post-class. and rare, also ex republicā, Gell. 6, 3, 47; 11, 9, 1;

but exque is used for euphony (class.): id eum recte atque ordine exque re publicā fecisse,

Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 38; 5, 13, 36; 10, 11, 26.— In plur.:

eae nationes respublicas suas amiserunt, C. Gracch. ap. Fest. s. h. v. p. 286 Müll.: hoc loquor de tribus his generibus rerum publicarum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 28, 44:

circuitus in rebus publicis commutationum,

id. ib. 1, 29, 45 et saep.—

Sometimes simply res, the State (in the poets, and since the Aug. per. in prose): unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84 (Ann. v. 313 Vahl.):

hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam sistet,

Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:

nec rem Romanam tam desidem umquam fuisse,

Liv. 21, 16; 1, 28:

parva ista non contemnendo majores nostri maximam hanc rem fecerunt,

id. 6, 41 fin.:

Romana,

Hor. C. S. 66; id. Ep. 1, 12, 25; Ov. M. 14, 809; Sall. C. 6, 3; cf.:

ut paulo ante animum inter Fidenatem Romanamque rem ancipitem gessisti,

Liv. 1, 28 fin.:

Albana,

id. 1, 6.— In plur.:

res Asiae evertere,

Verg. A. 3, 1:

custode rerum Caesare,

Hor. C. 4, 15, 17; cf.:

res sine discordiā translatae,

Tac. H. 1, 29; so (also in Cic.), rerum potiri, v. potior. —

Res novae, political changes, a revolution, etc.; v. novus.

rē-spŭo, ŭi, 3, v. a., to spit back or out; to discharge by spitting; to cast out, cast off, eject, expel, etc. (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.).

Lit.:

quin etiam gustatus, quam cito id, quod valde dulce est, aspernatur ac respuit,

Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 99:

quas natura respuerit,

id. N. D. 2, 9, 24:

lumen per cornum transit, at imber respuitur,

Lucr. 2, 389; cf. Quint. 1, 2, 28:

liquorem ab se,

Vitr. 7, 4; cf.:

ferrum ab se (opp. resorbere),

Lucr. 6, 1054; 2, 197; cf. Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 231; Pall. 1, 33, 2:

frenos cum sanguine (equus),

Stat. Th. 8, 544:

invisum cadaver (humus),

Ov. Ib. 170:

oleas albas propter amaritudinem respuit palatum,

Varr. R. R. 1, 66:

respuit aqua limum,

Pall. 1, 33, 2:

tantum interest repercussum illum (aëra) respuat an excipiat,

Plin. 33, 9, 45, § 128:

respuens securis materia,

id. 17, 10, 14, § 72; cf.:

tela omnia,

Luc. 3, 484.—

Trop., to reject, repel, refuse; to dislike, disapprove, not accept (syn.:

reprobo, reicio, repudio): quae nisi respuis ex animo longeque remittis,

Lucr. 6, 68:

cum id dicat, quod omnium mentes aspernentur ac respuant,

Cic. Fat. 20, 47; cf. id. Att. 13, 38 fin.:

ratio juris respuat hanc defensionem et pro nihilo putet,

id. Caecin. 19, 56; Liv. 42, 14:

haec aetas omne quod fieri non potest respuit,

Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 19:

quos et praesens et postera respuit aetas,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 42:

orationem,

Cic. Mur. 35, 74 fin.:

quo judex dicto moveatur quid respuat,

Quint. 6, 4, 19:

non respuit Caesar condicionem,

Caes. B. G. 1, 42:

Caesaris interdicta respuuntur,

are spurned, Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1; cf. Liv. 2, 41 fin.:

quod respuunt (aures) immutandum est,

Cic. Part. Or. 5, 15; Quint. 11, 1, 61; Tac. Or. 9; cf.:

nemo civis est, qui vos non oculis fugiat, auribus respuat, animo aspernetur,

Cic. Pis. 20, 45:

sunt enim qui respuant (consolationem), sed refert quo modo adhibeatur,

id. Tusc. 3, 33, 79.— Absol.:

quis te tum audiret illorum? respuerent aures,

Cic. Planc. 18, 44; Quint. 11, 1, 61; cf.:

calcitrat, respuit,

Cic. Cael. 15, 36.—

Part. pres. with gen.:

communium vocum respuens nimis ac fastidiens,

Gell. 6, 15, 2.

rĕ-sūmo, mpsi, mptum, 3, v. a., to take up again, take back, resume ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

Lit. (terra) gentes omnis peperit et resumit denuo, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 64 Müll. (Epich. v. 4 Vahl. p. 168):

positas (tabellas) resumit,

Ov. M. 9, 524:

tela,

id. Am. 2, 9, 34:

librum perlectum utique ex integro,

Quint. 10, 1, 20:

librum in manus,

id. 10, 4, 3:

pugillares,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 16:

cito elapsum baculum,

Suet. Ner 24:

fuscinam,

id. Calig. 30:

arma,

id. ib. 48; Tac. H. 2, 44; 4, 76 fin.:

praetextas (opp. exuere),

Plin. Pan. 61, 8:

pennas,

Ov. M. 4, 664:

speciem caelestem,

id. ib. 15, 743.—

Trop.: instat anhelanti prohibetque resumere vires, to get or receive again, to recover, Ov. M. 9, 59; so,

vires,

id. ib. 9, 193; Just. 20, 5, 1; 24, 7, 1:

potentiam,

id. 6, 4, 1:

interruptum somnum,

Suet. Aug. 78:

animum,

id. Vit. 15:

animam,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 25; cf.:

resumpto spiritu recreatus est,

Vulg. Judith, 13, 30:

nomen gentile (opp. deponere),

Suet. Ner. 41:

sacramentum Vespasiani,

Tac. H. 4, 37:

militiam,

id. ib. 2, 67; cf.

pugnam,

to renew, id. ib. 2, 41:

hostilia,

id. A. 12, 15:

dominationem per arma,

id. H. 5, 8:

libertatem,

id. A. 3, 40; 14, 31; Plin. Pan. 66, 2:

curas,

id. ib. 79, 5:

nomen,

id. Ep. 5, 6, 12:

instituta cultumque patrium,

Tac. H. 4, 64:

voluptates (with repetere sollemnia),

id. A. 3, 6 et saep.:

aegrotantem,

to restore, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 1, 3; 18, 105; id. Tard. 3, 7, 91.

rīdĭcŭlus, a, um, adj. [rideo], that excites laughter.

In a good sense, laughable, droll, funny, amusing, facetious (freq. and class.; syn.: jocularis, jocosus).

Adj.:

quamvis ridiculus est,

Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 43; cf.:

quando adbibero, alludiabo, tum sum ridiculissimus,

id. Stich. 2, 2, 58:

si ridiculum hominem quaeret quispiam,

id. ib. 1, 3, 17:

cavillator facie magis quam facetiis ridiculus,

Cic. Att. 1, 13, 2:

homines,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 121; id. de Or. 2, 54, 221; Juv. 3, 153:

mus,

a funny little mouse, Hor. A. P. 139:

inest lepos ludusque in hac comoediā: ridicula res est,

Plaut. As. prol. 14:

ridicula et jocosa res,

Cat. 56, 1 and 4:

dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus... nemo ridet,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22; so,

dictum,

Quint. 6, 3, 6:

logos ridiculos vendo,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 68:

vultus gestusque,

Quint. 6, 3, 26 et saep.: ridiculum est, with subject-clause:

ridiculum est, te istuc me admonere,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 112; so Quint. 6, 3, 94.— Absol.:

hui, tam cito? ridiculum!

how comical! Ter. And. 3, 1, 16; so id. ib. 4, 2, 29; id. Eun. 3, 1, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 7, 8.— Poet. with inf.:

(Porcius) Ridiculus totas simul obsorbere placentas,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 24.—

rīdĭcŭ-lus, i, m., a jester, buffoon:

Gelasimo nomen mihi indidit parvo pater. Quia inde jam a pauxillo puero ridiculus fui, etc.,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 21 sq.; so id. ib. 17 and 64; [p. 1595] 4, 2, 54; id. Capt. 3, 1, 10; 17; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 13; Vulg. Hab. 1, 10.—

rīdĭcŭlum, i, or plur.: rīdĭcŭla, ōrum, n., something laughable, a laughing matter; a jest, joke, etc.: proprium materiae, de quā nunc loquimur, est ridiculum, ideoque haec tota disputatio a Graecis peri geloiou inscribitur, Quint. 6, 3, 22; cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 235 sq. (v. the whole chapter on laughter, when and how it should be excited, etc., Cic. l. l.; and:

de risu,

Quint. 6, 3):

in jaciendo mittendoque ridiculo genera plura sunt... illud admonemus, ridiculo sic usurum oratorem, ut, etc.,

Cic. Or. 26, 87:

per ridiculum dicere (opp. severe),

id. Off. 1, 37, 134:

ridiculi causā (with joco),

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 36:

mihi solae ridiculo fuit,

I had the joke all to myself, Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 3:

quatenus sint ridicula tractanda oratori, perquam diligenter videndum est... materies omnis ridiculorum est in istis vitiis, quae, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 237 sq.; Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 2:

saepe etiam sententiose ridicula dicuntur,

Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 286:

facetum non tantum circa ridicula consistere,

Quint. 6, 3, 19:

ridicula aut facimus aut dicimus, etc.,

id. 6, 3, 25.—

In a bad sense, laughable, silly, absurd, ridiculous (not freq. till after the Aug. per.; cf.

rideo, II. B. 2.): hujus insania, quae ridiaula est aliis, mihi tum molesta sane fuit, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 148:

ludibria,

Lucr. 2, 47:

qui ridiculus minus illo (es)?

Hor. S. 2, 3, 311:

stulta reprehendere facillimum est, nam per se sunt ridicula,

Quint. 6, 3, 71; cf.

(with stulta),

id. 2, 10, 6:

poëma (shortly before: inculti versus et male nati),

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 238:

pudor,

Juv. 11, 55.— Ridiculum est, with subject-clause:

est ridiculum, ad ea quae habemus nihil dicere, quaerere, quae habere non possumus,

Cic. Arch. 4, 8; so,

putare,

id. Div. in Caecil. 18, 59:

de confessis praecipere,

Quint. 5, 13, 7.— Adv.: rīdĭ-cŭlē.

(Acc. to I.) Laughably, jokingly, humorously:

rogitas,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 60; Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 46:

non modo acute, sed etiam ridicule ac facete,

Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 243; 2, 71, 289; id. Fam. 9, 22, 4; Domit. Mars. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 105:

ridicule magis hoc dictum quam vere,

Phaedr. 3, 4, 5.—

(Acc. to II.) Ridiculously:

insanus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 148; id. Rosc. Com. 6, 19.

rīdĭcŭlus, a, um, adj. [rideo], that excites laughter.

In a good sense, laughable, droll, funny, amusing, facetious (freq. and class.; syn.: jocularis, jocosus).

Adj.:

quamvis ridiculus est,

Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 43; cf.:

quando adbibero, alludiabo, tum sum ridiculissimus,

id. Stich. 2, 2, 58:

si ridiculum hominem quaeret quispiam,

id. ib. 1, 3, 17:

cavillator facie magis quam facetiis ridiculus,

Cic. Att. 1, 13, 2:

homines,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 121; id. de Or. 2, 54, 221; Juv. 3, 153:

mus,

a funny little mouse, Hor. A. P. 139:

inest lepos ludusque in hac comoediā: ridicula res est,

Plaut. As. prol. 14:

ridicula et jocosa res,

Cat. 56, 1 and 4:

dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus... nemo ridet,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22; so,

dictum,

Quint. 6, 3, 6:

logos ridiculos vendo,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 68:

vultus gestusque,

Quint. 6, 3, 26 et saep.: ridiculum est, with subject-clause:

ridiculum est, te istuc me admonere,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 112; so Quint. 6, 3, 94.— Absol.:

hui, tam cito? ridiculum!

how comical! Ter. And. 3, 1, 16; so id. ib. 4, 2, 29; id. Eun. 3, 1, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 7, 8.— Poet. with inf.:

(Porcius) Ridiculus totas simul obsorbere placentas,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 24.—

rīdĭcŭ-lus, i, m., a jester, buffoon:

Gelasimo nomen mihi indidit parvo pater. Quia inde jam a pauxillo puero ridiculus fui, etc.,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 21 sq.; so id. ib. 17 and 64; [p. 1595] 4, 2, 54; id. Capt. 3, 1, 10; 17; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 13; Vulg. Hab. 1, 10.—

rīdĭcŭlum, i, or plur.: rīdĭcŭla, ōrum, n., something laughable, a laughing matter; a jest, joke, etc.: proprium materiae, de quā nunc loquimur, est ridiculum, ideoque haec tota disputatio a Graecis peri geloiou inscribitur, Quint. 6, 3, 22; cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 235 sq. (v. the whole chapter on laughter, when and how it should be excited, etc., Cic. l. l.; and:

de risu,

Quint. 6, 3):

in jaciendo mittendoque ridiculo genera plura sunt... illud admonemus, ridiculo sic usurum oratorem, ut, etc.,

Cic. Or. 26, 87:

per ridiculum dicere (opp. severe),

id. Off. 1, 37, 134:

ridiculi causā (with joco),

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 36:

mihi solae ridiculo fuit,

I had the joke all to myself, Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 3:

quatenus sint ridicula tractanda oratori, perquam diligenter videndum est... materies omnis ridiculorum est in istis vitiis, quae, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 237 sq.; Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 2:

saepe etiam sententiose ridicula dicuntur,

Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 286:

facetum non tantum circa ridicula consistere,

Quint. 6, 3, 19:

ridicula aut facimus aut dicimus, etc.,

id. 6, 3, 25.—

In a bad sense, laughable, silly, absurd, ridiculous (not freq. till after the Aug. per.; cf.

rideo, II. B. 2.): hujus insania, quae ridiaula est aliis, mihi tum molesta sane fuit, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 148:

ludibria,

Lucr. 2, 47:

qui ridiculus minus illo (es)?

Hor. S. 2, 3, 311:

stulta reprehendere facillimum est, nam per se sunt ridicula,

Quint. 6, 3, 71; cf.

(with stulta),

id. 2, 10, 6:

poëma (shortly before: inculti versus et male nati),

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 238:

pudor,

Juv. 11, 55.— Ridiculum est, with subject-clause:

est ridiculum, ad ea quae habemus nihil dicere, quaerere, quae habere non possumus,

Cic. Arch. 4, 8; so,

putare,

id. Div. in Caecil. 18, 59:

de confessis praecipere,

Quint. 5, 13, 7.— Adv.: rīdĭ-cŭlē.

(Acc. to I.) Laughably, jokingly, humorously:

rogitas,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 60; Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 46:

non modo acute, sed etiam ridicule ac facete,

Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 243; 2, 71, 289; id. Fam. 9, 22, 4; Domit. Mars. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 105:

ridicule magis hoc dictum quam vere,

Phaedr. 3, 4, 5.—

(Acc. to II.) Ridiculously:

insanus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 148; id. Rosc. Com. 6, 19.

rŭdis, e, adj. [cf. crudus], unwrought, untilled, unformed, unused, rough, raw, wild (cf. crudus): omnis fere materia non deformata, rudis appellatur, sicut vestimentum rude, non perpolitum: sic aes infectum rudusculum, Cincius ap. Fest. p. 265 Müll. (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.).

Lit.:

terra (opp. restibilis),

Varr. R. R. 1, 44, 2; so,

terra,

id. ib. 1, 27, 2:

ager,

Col. 3, 11, 1:

campus,

Verg. G. 2, 211:

humus,

Ov. M. 5, 646:

rudis atque infecta materies,

Petr. 114, 13; cf.:

rudis indigestaque moles (Chaos),

Ov. M. 1, 7:

marmor,

Quint. 2, 19, 3:

saxum,

id. 9, 4, 27; cf.:

signa (de marmore coepto),

Ov. M. 1, 406:

aes (opp. signatum),

Plin. 33, 3, 13:

hasta,

rudely finished, ill-made, Verg. A. 9, 743; cf.:

novacula (with retusa),

Petr. 94, 14:

circumjectus parietum,

Plin. 11, 51, 112, § 270:

caementum,

Tac. Or. 20 (with informes tegulae):

lana,

Ov. M. 6, 19:

textum,

rough, coarse, id. ib. 8, 640; so,

vestis,

id. F. 4, 659:

herba,

wild, Mart. 2, 90, 8: cf.

uva,

unripe, green, hard, id. 13, 68.— Neutr. plur. as subst.: detrahit doctrina aliquid, ut lima rudibus et cotes hebetibus, Quint. 2, 12, 8. —

Poet., transf., young, new (cf. integer):

illa (carina, sc. Argo) rudem cursu prima imbuit Amphitriten,

untried, not yet sailed on, Cat. 64, 11;

hence, also, Argo,

Luc. 3, 193:

agna,

Mart. 9, 71, 6:

filia,

id. 7, 95, 8:

dextram cruore regio imbuit,

Sen. Troad. 217:

pannas,

new, Vulg. Matt. 9, 16. —

Trop., rude, unpolished, uncultivated, unskilled, awkward, clumsy, ignorant; hence (like ignarus), with gen., unacquainted with, inexperienced in, etc. (cf. imperitus).

Absol.:

consilium,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 61; cf.:

forma ingenii impolita et plane rudis,

Cic. Brut. 85, 294:

incohata ac rudia,

id. de Or. 1, 2, 5:

quae rudia atque imperfecta adhuc erant,

Quint. 3, 1, 7:

rudia et incomposita,

id. 9, 4, 17:

vox surda, rudis, immanis, dura, etc.,

id. 11, 3, 32:

modulatio,

id. 1, 10, 16; cf.:

modus (tibicinis),

Ov. A. A. 1, 111:

rude et Graecis intactum carmen,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 66:

stilus (with confusus),

Quint. 1, 1, 28; 12, 10, 3:

animi,

id. 1, 10, 9 (with agrestes);

1, 1, 36: adhuc ingenia,

id. 1, 2, 27; cf.

ingenium,

Hor. A. P. 410:

rudis fuit vita priscorum et sine litteris,

Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 284:

saeculum,

Quint. 2, 5, 23; 12, 11, 23; Tac. H. 1, 86:

anni,

i. e. young, early, Quint. 1, 1, 5; Tac. A. 13, 16 fin.; cf.:

adhuc aetas,

id. ib. 4, 8:

rudem me et integrum discipulum accipe et ea, quae requiro, doce,

Cic. N. D. 3, 3, 7; Quint. 2, 3, 3; 3, 6, 83:

Aeschylus rudis in plerisque et incompositus,

id. 10, 1, 66:

tam eram rudis? tam ignarus rerum? etc.,

Cic. Sest. 21, 47; so (with ignarus) Quint. 1, 8, 4:

rudis ac stultus,

id. 11, 3, 76:

illi rudes homines primique,

id. 8, 3, 36; 10, 2, 5:

illi rudes ac bellicosi,

id. 1, 10, 20:

nescit equo rudis Haerere ingenuus puer,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 54.—

With in and abl.:

cum superiores alii fuissent in disputationibus perpoliti, alii in disserendo rudes,

Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

(oratorem) nullā in re tironem ac rudem esse debere,

id. de Or. 1, 50, 218; (with hebes) id. ib. 1, 58, 248:

rudis in re publicā,

id. Phil. 6, 6, 17:

in causā,

id. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

in jure civili,

id. de Or. 1, 10, 40:

in minoribus navigiis,

id. ib. 1, 38, 174:

omnino in nostris poëtis,

id. Fin. 1, 2, 5:

sermo nullā in re,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 32.—With simple abl. (very rare):

Ennius ingenio maximus, arte rudis,

Ov. Tr. 2, 424:

arte,

Stat. Th. 6, 437:

studiis,

Vell. 2, 73, 1.—

With gen.:

imperiti homines rerum omnium rudes ignarique,

Cic. Fl. 7, 16:

dicat se non imperitum foederis, non rudem exemplorum, non ignarum belli fuisse,

id. Balb. 20, 47:

provinciae rudis,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

Graecarum litterarum,

id. Off. 1, 1, 1; Nep. Pelop. 1, 1:

rei militaris,

Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2:

harum rerum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:

artium,

Liv. 1, 7:

bonarum artium,

Tac. A. 1, 3:

facinorum,

id. ib. 12, 51:

agminum,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 9:

civilis belli,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 47; cf.:

bellorum (elephanti),

Flor. 4, 2, 67:

operum conjugiique,

Ov. F. 4, 336:

somni,

i. e. sleepless, id. M. 7, 213:

dicendi,

Tac. A. 1, 29.—

With ad (very rare):

rudem ad pedestria bella Numidarum gentem esse,

Liv. 24, 48, 5:

ad quae (spectacula) rudes tum Romani erant,

id. 45, 32, 10; 10, 22, 6; 21, 25, 6:

ad partus,

Ov. H. 11, 48:

ad mala,

id. P. 3, 7, 18:

rudes adhuc ad resistendum populos,

Just. 1, 1, 5:

rudis natio ad voluptates,

Curt. 6, 21, 9; 8, 8, 24.—

With dat. (very rare):

fontes rudes puellis,

i. e. strange, Mart. 6, 42, 4.—

With inf.:

nec ferre rudis medicamina,

Sil. 6, 90:

Martem rudis versare,

id. 8, 262.— Comp., sup., and adv. do not occur.

rŭdis, is, f. ( abl. sing. rudi, Capitol. Opil. Macr. 4, 5), a slender stick or rod.

To stir with in cooking; a stirring-stick, spatula:

versato crebro duabus rudibus,

Cato, R. R. 79; so,

ferreae,

Plin. 34, 18, 50, § 170; cf. rudicula.—

A staff used by soldiers and gladiators in their exercises (perh. a wooden sword), answering to a quarter-staff, a foil (freq. and class.):

(milites) rudibus inter se in modum justae pugnae concurrerunt,

Liv. 26, 51; 40, 6 and 9 Drak. N. cr. (al. sudibus); Ov. Am. 2, 9, 22; id. A. A. 3, 515:

rudibus batuere,

Suet. Calig. 32.—Hence, transf.: PRIMA or SVMMA RVDIS (also in one word, SVMMARVDIS), the first or head fencer, the fencing-master, Inscr. Orell. 2575; 2584: SECVNDA RVDIS, the second fencer, the fencing-master ' s assistant, ib. 2573 sq.—A gladiator received such a rudis when honorably discharged (whence he was called rudiarius):

tam bonus gladiator rudem tam cito accepisti?

Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 74:

acceptā rude,

Juv. 6, 113:

essedario rudem indulgere,

Suet. Claud. 21.—And hence transf. to other persons who receive an honorable discharge:

tardā vires minuente senectā, Me quoque donari jam rude tempus erat,

i. e. to dismiss, discharge, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 24; id. Am. 2, 9, 22; cf.:

spectatum satis et donatum jam rude,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 2 (v. Orell. ad h. l.):

ergo sibi dabit ipse rudem,

Juv. 7, 171; Mart. 3, 36, 10.

Sămus or Sămos, i, f., = Samos.

An island on the coast of Asia Minor opposite Ephesus, famed as the birthplace of Pythagoras, as also for its earth and the vessels made from it, the mod. Samo, Mel. 2, 7, 4; Verg. A. 1, 16; Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 2; 1, 11, 21; Ov. M. 8, 221; acc. Samum, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 25; Liv. 37, 10 fin. sq.; Suet. Aug. 17; Lact. 1, 15, 9; cf.:

Threïciam Samon (i. e. Samothraciam),

Verg. A. 7, 208; Ov. M. 15, 61; id. F. 6, 48; id. Tr. 1, 10, 20.—Hence, Sămĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Samos, Samian:

terra,

the district belonging to it on the neighboring main-land, Liv. 37, 10 fin.:

Juno,

worshipped there, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 19, § 50:

vir,

i. e. Pythagoras, Ov. M. 15, 60; also,

senex,

id. Tr. 3, 3, 62; and absol.: Sămĭus, i, m., i. e. Pythagoras, id. F. 3, 153:

lapis, used for polishing gold,

Plin. 36, 21, 40, § 152:

terra,

Samian earth, id. 35, 16, 53, § 191; 28, 12, 53, § 194 al.: testa, earthen-ware made of Samian ( or other equally fine) clay, Lucil. ap. Non. 398, 33; Tib. 2, 3, 47:

vas,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 24; id. Capt. 2, 2, 41: catinus, Lucil. ap. Non. 398, 25:

capedines,

Cic. Rep. 6, 2, 2.—As substt.

Sămĭa, ae, f. (sc. placenta), a kind of cake, Tert. adv. Marc. 3, 5.—

In plur.: Sămĭa, ōrum, n., Samian ware, Auct. Her. 4, 51, 64; Plin. 35, 12, 46, § 160; Vulg. Isa. 45, 9.—Its brittleness was proverbial; hence, in a comical lusus verbb.: Pi. (Inveni Bacchidem) Samiam. Ch. Vide quaeso, ne quis tractet illam indiligens:

Scis tu, ut confringi vas cito Samium solet,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 22; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 65.— Dim. adj.: Sămĭŏ-lus, a, um, Samian:

poterium,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 12.—

Sămĭi, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Samos, the Samians, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 20, § 52; Liv. 33, 20 fin. —

The island of Cephalenia, v. Same.

Sămus or Sămos, i, f., = Samos.

An island on the coast of Asia Minor opposite Ephesus, famed as the birthplace of Pythagoras, as also for its earth and the vessels made from it, the mod. Samo, Mel. 2, 7, 4; Verg. A. 1, 16; Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 2; 1, 11, 21; Ov. M. 8, 221; acc. Samum, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 25; Liv. 37, 10 fin. sq.; Suet. Aug. 17; Lact. 1, 15, 9; cf.:

Threïciam Samon (i. e. Samothraciam),

Verg. A. 7, 208; Ov. M. 15, 61; id. F. 6, 48; id. Tr. 1, 10, 20.—Hence, Sămĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Samos, Samian:

terra,

the district belonging to it on the neighboring main-land, Liv. 37, 10 fin.:

Juno,

worshipped there, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 19, § 50:

vir,

i. e. Pythagoras, Ov. M. 15, 60; also,

senex,

id. Tr. 3, 3, 62; and absol.: Sămĭus, i, m., i. e. Pythagoras, id. F. 3, 153:

lapis, used for polishing gold,

Plin. 36, 21, 40, § 152:

terra,

Samian earth, id. 35, 16, 53, § 191; 28, 12, 53, § 194 al.: testa, earthen-ware made of Samian ( or other equally fine) clay, Lucil. ap. Non. 398, 33; Tib. 2, 3, 47:

vas,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 24; id. Capt. 2, 2, 41: catinus, Lucil. ap. Non. 398, 25:

capedines,

Cic. Rep. 6, 2, 2.—As substt.

Sămĭa, ae, f. (sc. placenta), a kind of cake, Tert. adv. Marc. 3, 5.—

In plur.: Sămĭa, ōrum, n., Samian ware, Auct. Her. 4, 51, 64; Plin. 35, 12, 46, § 160; Vulg. Isa. 45, 9.—Its brittleness was proverbial; hence, in a comical lusus verbb.: Pi. (Inveni Bacchidem) Samiam. Ch. Vide quaeso, ne quis tractet illam indiligens:

Scis tu, ut confringi vas cito Samium solet,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 22; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 65.— Dim. adj.: Sămĭŏ-lus, a, um, Samian:

poterium,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 12.—

Sămĭi, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Samos, the Samians, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 20, § 52; Liv. 33, 20 fin. —

The island of Cephalenia, v. Same.

sarīsa ( - issa), ae, f., = sarisa.

A long Macedonian lance, Liv. 9, 19; 37, 42; 38, 7 fin.; Curt. 7, 4, 36; 9, 7, 19; Ov. M. 12, 466; 12, 479 al.; cf. Fest. pp. 145 and 251.—

Poet., in gen., for Macedonians, Luc. 8, 298; 10, 47; cf.:

denominatio est...si quis Macedonas appellarit hoc modo: Non tam cito sarissae Graecia potiti sunt,

Auct. Her. 4, 32, 43.

sarīsa ( - issa), ae, f., = sarisa.

A long Macedonian lance, Liv. 9, 19; 37, 42; 38, 7 fin.; Curt. 7, 4, 36; 9, 7, 19; Ov. M. 12, 466; 12, 479 al.; cf. Fest. pp. 145 and 251.—

Poet., in gen., for Macedonians, Luc. 8, 298; 10, 47; cf.:

denominatio est...si quis Macedonas appellarit hoc modo: Non tam cito sarissae Graecia potiti sunt,

Auct. Her. 4, 32, 43.

scĭo, īvi, ītum, 4 (old imperf. scibam, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 34; 2, 4, 89; id. Ps. 1, 5, 84; 1, 5, 86; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 68; id. Phorm. 4, 1, 16:

scibas,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 24; id. Ps. 1, 5, 85:

scibat,

id. Am. prol. 22; Lucr. 5, 934:

scibatis,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 47:

scibant,

Lucr. 5, 949; 5, 953; Cat. 68, 85.— Fut. scibo, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 13; id. Most. 4, 3, 5; id. Men. 2, 3, 35; 5, 2, 57; id. Ps. 1, 2, 41; 1, 5, 65; id. Truc. 2, 6, 69; Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 58; id. Ad. 3, 3, 7; 5, 2, 5; id. Hec. 2, 2, 4:

scibis,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 22; id. Ep. 2, 2, 101; 5, 1, 49; id. Mil. 4, 8, 55; id. Ps. 4, 4, 2; id. Poen. 5, 4, 57; id. Pers. 2, 2, 37; id. Rud. 2, 3, 35; Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 35; id. Heaut. 5, 2, 43:

scibit,

Cato, R. R. 5, 5; Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 69; 1, 2, 51; id. Mil. 3, 2, 46; Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 38:

scibimus,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 57:

scibunt,

id. Poen. 2, 16.— Perf. sciit, Sen. Contr. 1, 1, 17.— Pass. scibitur, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 5:

scin' for scisne,

id. Am. 1, 1, 200; 2, 2, 39; 5, 1, 30; id. As. 3, 3, 113; id. Aul. 1, 1, 8 et saep.; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 47; 3, 1, 47; 4, 6, 6; 4, 7, 30 et saep.— Perf. sync. scisti, Ov. A. A. 1, 131; id. F. 4, 527:

scirint,

Tac. Dial. 33; so, regularly, inf. scisse, e. g. Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 58; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 17), v. a. [root sci-; Gr. keiô (for skeiô), keazô, to split, divide; cf.: scisco, plebiscitum, etc., prop. to distinguish, discern].

Lit.

In gen., to know, in the widest signif. of the word; to understand; perceive; to have knowledge of or skill in any thing, etc.:

plurimā mutatione figuramus, Scio, Non ignoro, et Non me fugit, et Non me praeterit, et Quis nescit? et Nemini dubium est. Sed etiam ex proximo mutuari licet. Nam et intellego et sentio et video saepe idem valent quod scio,

Quint. 10, 1, 13 (freq. in all styles and periods; cf. nosco).

With acc.:

aut scire istarum rerum nihil, aut, etiam si maxime sciemus, nec, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 32:

ut vilicus naturam agri novit, dispensator litteras scit, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 3, 5:

quod nec didicerint nec umquam scire curaverint,

id. ib. 1, 6, 11:

ego omnem rem scio Quemadmodum est,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 69:

id equidem ego certo scio,

id. ib. 3, 3, 33:

quod pro certo sciam,

id. ib. 3, 4, 13: Mi. Ubi ipse est? Ch. Nescio. Nihil jam me oportet scire... nescio etiam id quod scio, id. ib. 4, 6, 21:

haec scivisti et me celavisti?

id. Pers. 5, 2, 19:

is omnes linguas scit: sed dissimulat sciens, Se scire,

id. Poen. prol. 112 (cf. supra, litteras, Cic. Rep. 5, 3, 5): comoediam, Titin. ap. Non. 277, 26:

bene id opus,

id. ib. 3, 21:

artem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 44:

juventutis mores qui sciam,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 2: remuneremini nos, ac quae scitis, proferatis in me dium:

nemo enim omnia potest scire,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 2; cf.:

nec scire fas est omnia,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 22:

SENATVOSQVE SENTENTIAM VTEI SCIENTES ESETIS, S. C. de Bacch. 23, ap. Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173: quod scio, omne ex hoc scio,

I know all from him, Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 7:

aliquid ex aliquo,

id. Capt. 2, 2, 45; id. Most. 3, 2, 58; Cic. Fam. 9, 17, 1; id. Att. 5, 2, 3 al. (v. infra, g and d; and cf. in the foll., with de instead of ex):

quod sciam,

for aught I know, as far as I know, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 70; 2, 2, 15; id. Most. 4, 3, 19; id. Men. 2, 2, 23; 3, 2, 35 al.; Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 7; Cic. Att. 16, 2, 4; Quint. 9, 1, 17; 9, 4, 63 al.; cf.:

quantum ego quidem sciam,

Quint. 3, 1, 19.— Pass.:

quod quom scibitur, per urbem irridebor,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 5:

ars earum rerum est, quae sciuntur,

Cic. de Or. 2, 7, 30:

an nihil certum sciri possit,

id. ib. 1, 51, 222: id de Marcello aut certe de Postumiā sciri potest, can be learned from Marcellus, etc., id. Att. 12, 22, 2.—

With inf., or more freq. with object-clause:

qui uti sciat,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 27:

si sciret regibus uti,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 14:

antequam declamare sciat,

Quint. 2, 1, 3:

si docere sciant et velint,

id. 10, 5, 19:

digredi a re et redire ad propositum suum scierit,

id. 9, 2, 4 et saep.:

vincere scis, Hannibal,

Liv. 22, 51, 4:

qui nec ipse consulere nec alteri parere sciat,

id. 22, 29, 8:

qui tegere liberos sciat,

id. 1, 53, 8; 38, 52, 2; Curt. 4, 2, 14:

scio, fortunas secundas neglegentiam prendere solere, Cato ap. Fest, s.v. parsi, p. 210: dii sciunt, culpam meam istanc non esse ullam,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 41:

scio, tibi ita placere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 30, 46:

quas (leges) scitis exstare,

id. ib. 5, 2, 3: scimus L. Atilium appellatum esse sapientem id. Lael. 2, 6:

scis, In breve te cogi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 7: scire licet, nobis venas et sanguen... alienigenis ex partibus esse, it is easy to see that, etc., Lucr. 1, 860 (shortly before and after, scilicet); so,

scire licet,

id. 1, 894; 2, 930; 2, 967; 3, 873 et saep.; Liv. 1, 39, 3; Cels. 1, 1 fin.; 1, 2; 3, 2 al.—So, in familiar style, imper. scito, be assured, I reply that, remember, etc.: fenestrarum angustias quod reprehendis, scito te Kurou paideian reprehendere, Cic. Att. 2, 3, 2; 12, 21, 5:

scito hoc nos in eo judicio consecutos esse, ut, etc.,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 1; id. Fam. 1, 9, 24; 5, 20, 7; cf.:

istis contumeliis scitote Q. Lollium coactum, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62; 2, 3, 56, § 129.—Esp., introducing a conclusion, after si, sin, nisi:

si venturus es, scito necesse esse te venire,

Cic. Fam. 9, 4 init.:

sin ista pax perditum hominem restitutura est, hoc animo scito omnis sanos, etc.,

id. ib. 10, 27, 1:

si vos semel finem legis transieritis, scitote vos nullum ceteris in aestimando finem improbitatis reliquisse,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 95, § 220; 2, 4, 30, § 68; id. Cat. 2, 10, 23.—Rarely in part. pres. (postAug.; cf. P. a., infra):

interrogant an vir daturus sit beneficium ingrato, sciens ingratum esse,

Sen. Ben. 4, 26, 1:

Laqueo vitam finiit, sciens et in Maximino multum esse roboris,

Capitol. in Max. 19:

totam hereditatem sciens ad se non pertinere,

Gai. Inst. 4, 144.— Impers.:

hoc scitis omnes, usque adeo hominem in periculo fuisse, quoad scitum sit, Sestium vivere,

Cic. Sest. 38, 82.— Pass., with nom. and inf.:

Christus scitur vocis simplicis jussione ambulatum dedisse contractis,

Arn. 1, 48.—

With a rel.-clause:

isti jam sciunt, negotii quid sit,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 13:

ut sciamus, quid dicamus mox pro testimonio,

id. ib. 3, 2, 19:

scin' quam iracundus siem?

id. Bacch. 4, 2, 12:

cuivis facile scitu est, quam fuerim miser,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 15:

cum sciatis, quo quaeque res inclinet,

Cic. Rep. 2, 25, 46:

Sestium quanti faciam, ipse optime scio,

id. Fam. 13, 8, 1:

ex tribus istis modis rerum publicarum velim scire quod optimum judices,

id. ib. 1, 30, 46:

ut eum (hostem) non modo esse, sed etiam, quis et unde sit, scire possimus,

id. ib. 2, 3, 6:

coqua est haec quidem: Scit muriatica ut maceret,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 39; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 18; Cic. Mur. 9, 22; Hor. C. 3, 4, 42 al.:

scire velis, mea cur opuscula lector Laudet,

id. Ep. 1, 19, 35; 2, 2, 187:

quī scis, an, quae jubeam, sine vi faciat?

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 20; Hor. C. 4, 7, 17; id. A. P. 462; cf. the phrase haud scio an, under an.— Pass.:

hinc sciri potuit, Quo studio vitam suam te absente exegerit,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 38: scito... nec, [p. 1644] quando futura sint comitia, sciri, Cic. Att. 1, 11, 2.—With indic. in the rel.-clause (ante-class.): Ba. Scio, quid ago. Pi. Et pol ego scio, quid metuo, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 45; cf.:

scitin' quid ego vos rogo?

id. Men. 5, 9, 92:

scis tu, ut confringi vas cito Samium solet,

id. Bacch. 2, 2, 24:

jam ego ex hoc, ut factum est, scibo,

id. Men. 5, 2, 57; instead of which, with subj.:

ex me primo prima scires, rem ut gessissem publicam,

id. Am. 1, 3, 26:

ex hoc scibo quid siet,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 59; id. Hec. 4, 2, 4.—

With de:

jam vero de legibus, de bello, de pace... scisse,

Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 58.—

Absol.:

hi sciunt, qui hic affuerunt,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 31:

quom videbis, tum scies,

id. Bacch. 1, 2, 37: Pi. Quī scire possum? Ch. Nullus plus, id. ib. 2, 2, 13:

quem, ut scitis, unice dilexi,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1; so,

ut scitis, parenthetically,

id. ib. 1, 14, 21; 2, 31, 54; 6, 9, 9; id. Lael. 21, 77; cf.

scio alone, parenthetically: injurato scio plus credet mihi quam jurato tibi,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 281:

ego abeo: tu jam scio patiere,

id. As. 2, 2, 111:

quam tu propediem effliges scio,

id. ib. 4, 2, 9 et saep.:

scire tuum nihil est, nisi te scire hoc sciat alter,

Pers. 1, 27:

nemo ex me scibit,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 38.— Pass.:

non opus est dicto... at scito huic opus est,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 14:

plus, quam opus est scito, sciet,

id. ib. 4, 1, 18; so, with adv. or adverb.-clause:

non tam praeclarum est scire Latine, quam turpe nescire,

Cic. Brut. 37, 140; so,

Latine,

id. Fin. 2, 4, 13; Liv. 1, 27:

luculenter Graece,

Cic. Fin. 2, 5, 15:

Graece,

id. Fam. 9, 22, 3:

ubi hanc forma videt honesta virginem, Et fidibus scire,

and that she was skilled in music, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 53 (cf.: docere aliquem fidibus. Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 3:

discere fidibus,

id. Lael. 8, 26).—

With de:

de legibus instituendis, de bello, de pace, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 58:

cum is, qui de omnibus scierit, de Sullā se scire negavit,

id. Sull. 13, 39.—

With non (very rare for nescio; cf.:

non scire barbarum jam videtur, nescire dulcius,

Cic. Or. 47, 157):

quis enim erat qui non sciret studiosiorem Mithridatem fuisse, etc.,

id. Fl. 25, 59:

tam imperitus, ut non sciret, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44:

quid? non sciunt ipsi viam, domum quā veniant?

Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 25; Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37; Treb. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 16, 3; Sen. Contr. 2, 11, 19.—

Ellipt.: scin' quomodo? do you know how (I shall serve you)? a threatening phrase in Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 200; id. Aul. 5, 21; id. Rud. 3, 5, 18.—

In partic., of a woman, to know carnally a man (cf. of a man, cognosco), Treb. xxx. Tyr. 30.—

Transf., publicists' t. t. for the usual scisco (v. h. v. II.), of the people, to ordain, decree, appoint any thing after knowledge obtained regarding it:

ut tribunus plebis rogationem ferret sciretque plebs, uti, etc.,

Liv. 26, 33, 10 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.:

a scire for asciscere,

Tac. Agr. 19; id. H. 4, 80.—Hence, scĭens, entis, P. a., knowing, i. e.

Pregn., knowingly, wittingly, purposely, intentionally, etc. (freq. and class.): tu verbis conceptis conjuravisti sciens sciente animo tuo, Scip. Afric. minor ap. Gell. 7, 11, 9:

ubi verbis conceptis sciens libenter perjuraris,

Plaut. As. 3, 2, 16:

amore ardeo et prudens, sciens, Vivus vidensque pereo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 27; so (with prudens) Cael. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9, A, 5; Suet. Ner. 2 fin.:

equidem plus hodie boni Feci imprudens, quam sciens ante hunc diem umquam,

Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 40; so (opp. imprudens) id. Phorm. 4, 3, 55; Cic. Planc. 16, 41; (opp. insciens) id. Balb. 5, 13:

habebit igitur te sciente et vidente curia senatorem, etc.,

id. Clu. 46, 129:

an ille me tentat sciens?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 29; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 40; id. Ps. 1, 1, 90; id. Poen. prol. 112; Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 13; id. Heaut. 5, 5, 6 al.:

heia vero, inquit, geram morem vobis et me oblinam sciens,

Cic. Rep. 3, 5, 8 et saep.—So the formula: si sciens fallo; v. fallo.—

Knowing, understanding, acquainted with, skilled, versed, or expert in any thing (class.).

Absol.:

id ego jam nunc tibi renuntio, ut sis sciens,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 28:

quod me non scientem feceris,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 34;

Ter Heaut. 4, 8, 32: vites pampinari: sed a sciente,

Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 1:

quis igitur hoc homine scientior umquam fuit?

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

scientior venefica,

Hor. Epod. 5, 72:

quae (navis) scientissimo gubernatore utitur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 58.— Sup.: sit oportet idem scientissimus, Col. 11, 1.—

With gen.:

dominum scientem esse oportet earum rerum, quae, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 1:

locorum,

Sall. J. 97, 3:

pugnae,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 24:

citharae,

id. ib. 3, 9, 10:

Latinae linguae,

Tac. A. 2, 13:

juris,

id. ib. 3, 70; 6, 26 et saep.— Sup.:

M. Scaurus, vir regendae rei publicae scientissimus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 214; Vulg. 2 Par. 2, 13.—

Poet., with inf.:

quamvis non alius flectere equum sciens,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 25.— Adv.: scĭenter (acc. to B.), knowingly, understandingly, wisely, skilfully, expertly, etc.:

scienter et perite et ornate dicere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 5:

uti (with modice),

id. ib. 1, 29, 132; id. Off. 2, 5, 18:

sese distribuunt in duas partes,

Caes. B. C. 1, 55.— Comp.:

neminem in eo genere scientius versatum Isocrate,

Cic. Or. 52, 175; Caes. B. G. 7, 22.— Sup.:

coepit rationem hujus operis (sphaerae) scientissime Gallus exponere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 22; id. Div. 1, 41, 92.