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1 βόλος
βόλος, ὁ,A throw with a casting-net, Orac. ap. Hdt.1.62; μέγα δίκτυον ἐς β. ἕλκει draws it back for a cast, Theoc.1.40: metaph., εἰς β. καθίστασθαι, ἔρχεσθαι, fall within the cast of the net, E.Ba. 848, Rh. 730.2 thing caught, ἰχθύων β. draught, catch, of fishes, A.Pers. 424, Plu.2.91c; βόλον ἀνσπάς ασθαι land one's catch, E.El. 582.II casting of teeth, Arist.HA 576b13 (pl.), GA 748b9; καταμαθεῖν τὸν β. examine a horse's teeth, Hierocl.Facet.37.IV βόλος· θύρα, πηλός (i. e. βῶλος). Hsch. -
2 διέξοδος
διέξ-οδος, ἡ,A outlet, passage, Hp.Aph.7.51, Arist.PA 684b26, etc.;ἀποκεκληϊμένου τοῦ ὕδατος τῆς δ. Hdt.3.117
, cf. 4.140; διέξοδοι ὁδῶν passage-ways, Id.1.199; ἀνέμων διέξοδοι (through the body), S.Fr. 477;ὅταν πλεύμων μὴ καθαρὰς παρέχῃ τὰς δ. Pl.Ti. 84d
, cf. 91c; way out from, Th. 3.98;αἱ δ. τῶν ὁδῶν Ev.Matt.22.9
; of the main roads out of a town, Aristeas 105; δ. ὑδάτων, of a spring, LXX 4 Ki.2.21; of tears, ib.Ps. 118(119).136.2 pathway, orbit, of the sun, Hdt.2.24; τρεῖς ἡλίου διέξοδοι three days, E.Andr. 1086; of planets, Arist.Mu. 399a3: metaph.,πολλὰς φροντίδων δ. Henioch.4.5
; δ. τῶν βουλευμάτων the paths of his counsels, Hdt.3.156; δ. τῆς φύσεως, τῆς οὐσίας, Ocell. 1.5, 12; [ὁ νοῦς] ἔχων τὴν αὐτὴν διὰ τῶν οὐκ αὐτῶν δ. Plot.6.7.13
.3 issue, event,δ. λαβεῖν Plb.2.1.3
, etc.4 means of escape,πάσας δ. διεξελθών Pl.R. 405c
; δ. πραγμάτων way out of difficulties, Chrysipp.Stoic.3.66.5 Medic., evacuation, Hp.Prog.11, Gal.17(1).132 (pl.).II detailed narrative or description, ἡ τοῦ λόγου δ. the course of the narrative or argument, Pl.Criti. 109a, cf. Prt. 361d, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.250, Ph.1.407; exposition, Phld.Sign.38, Mus. p.110 K., al.; ἡ διὰ στοιχείου δ. description by resolving into elements, Pl.Tht. 207c; κατὰ διέξοδον in detail, Aristid.Rh.1p.505S.;δ. καὶ ἔπαινοι
narratives, tales,Pl.
Prt. 326a, etc.3 repeated experiment, Gal.10.169.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διέξοδος
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3 εἰ
εἰ, [dialect] Att.-[dialect] Ion. and Arc. (for εἰκ, v. infr. 11 ad init.), = [dialect] Dor. and [dialect] Aeol. αἰ, αἰκ (q. v.), Cypr.Aἤ Inscr.Cypr.135.10
H., both εἰ and αἰ in [dialect] Ep.:— Particle used interjectionally with imper. and to express a wish, but usu. either in conditions, if, or in indirect questions, whether. In the former use its regular negative is μή; in the latter, οὐ.A INTERJECTIONALLY, in Hom., come now! c. imper.,εἰ δὲ.. ἄκουσον Il.9.262
; εἰ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ φευγόντων ib.46; most freq. with ἄγε (q. v.), 1.302, al.2 in wishes, c. opt.,ἀλλ' εἴ τις.. καλέσειεν 10.111
, cf. 24.74; so later,εἴ μοι ξυνείη μοῖρα S.OT 863
(lyr.); : more freq. folld. byγάρ, αἲ γὰρ δὴ οὕτως εἴη Il.4.189
, al.;εἰ γὰρ γενοίμην ἀντὶ σοῦ νεκρός E.Hipp. 1410
;εἰ γὰρ γένοιτο X.Cyr.6.1.38
;εἰ γὰρ ἐν τούτῳ εἴη Pl.Prt. 310d
; of unattained wishes, in Hom. only c. opt.,εἰ γὰρ ἐγὼν.. Διὸς πάϊς αἰγιόχοιο εἴην Il.13.825
;Ζεῦ πάτερ, αἰ γὰρ ἐμὸς πόσις εἴη Alcm.29
; later with past tenses of ind.,εἰ γάρ μ' ὑπὸ γῆν.. ἧκεν A.Pr. 152
(anap.); εἰ γὰρ τοσαύτην δύναμιν εἶχον ὥστε .. E.Alc. 1072: twice in Od. c. inf. (cf. the use of inf. in commands),αἰ γὰρ τοῖος ἐὼν.. ἐμὸς γαμβρὸς καλέεσθαι 7.311
, cf. 24.376.b εἴθε, [dialect] Ep. αἴθε, is freq. used in wishes in the above constructions, ;εἴθ' ὣς ἡβώοιμι Il.7.157
;ἰὼ γᾶ, εἴθ' ἔμ' ἐδέξω A.Ag. 1537
(lyr.);εἴθε σοι, ὦ Περίκλεις, τότε συνεγενόμην X.Mem.1.2.46
: later c. inf.,γαίης χθαμαλωτέρη εἴθε.. κεῖσθαι AP9.284
(Crin.).c εἰ γάρ, εἴθε are also used with ὤφελον ([dialect] Ep. ὤφελλον), of past unattained wishes,αἴθ' ὤφελλες στρατοῦ ἄλλου σημαίνειν Il.14.84
; εἰ γὰρ ὤφελον [κατιδεῖν] Pl.R. 432c.d folld. by a clause expressing a consequence of the fulfilment of the wish, αἰ γὰρ τοῦτο.. ἔπος τετελεσμένον εἴη· τῷ κε τάχα γνοίης .. Od. 15.536, cf. 17.496, al.; sts. hard to distinguish from εἰ in conditions (which may be derived from this use),εἴ μοί τι πίθοιο, τό κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη Il.7.28
.B IN CONDITIONS, if:I with INDIC.,1 with all tenses (for [tense] fut., v. infr. 2), to state a condition, with nothing implied as to its fulfilment, εἰ δ' οὕτω τοῦτ' ἐστίν, ἐμοὶ μέλλει φίλον εἶναι but if this is so, it will be.., Il.1.564: any form of the Verb may stand in apodosi,εἰ θεοί τι δρῶσιν αἰσχρόν, οὐκ εἰσὶν θεοί E.Fr.292.7
;εἰ δοκεῖ, πλέωμεν S.Ph. 526
;εἰ Φαῖδρον ἀγνοῶ, καὶ ἐμαυτοῦ ἐπιλέλησμαι Pl.Phdr. 228a
;κάκιστ' ἀπολοίμην, Ξανθίαν εἰ μὴ φιλῶ Ar.Ra. 579
, cf. Od.17.475;εἰ θεοῦ ἦν, οὐκ ἦν αἰσχροκερδής· εἰ δ' αἰσχροκερδής, οὐκ ἦν θεοῦ Pl.R. 408c
;εἰ ταῦτα λέγων διαφθείρω τοὺς νέους, ταῦτ' ἂν εἴη βλαβερά Id.Ap. 30b
, cf. 25b; εἰ οὗτοι ὀρθῶς ἀπέστησαν, ὑμεῖς ἂν οὐ χρεὼν ἄρχοιτε if these were right in their revolt, (it would follow that) you rule when you have no right, Th.3.40.b to express a general condition, if ever, whenever, sts. with [tense] pres.,εἴ τις δύο ἢ καὶ πλείους τις ἡμέρας λογίζεται, μάταιός ἐστιν S.Tr. 943
: with [tense] impf.,εἴ τίς τι ἠρώτα ἀπεκρίνοντο Th.7.10
: rarely with [tense] aor., D.S.31.26.1, S.E.P.1.84; cf. 111.2.2 with [tense] fut. (much less freq. than ἐάν c. subj.), either to express a future supposition emphatically,εἰ φθάσομεν τοὺς πολεμίους κατακαίνοντες οὐδεὶς ἡμῶν ἀποθανεῖται X.Cyr.7.1.19
; ; εἰ αὕτη ἡ πόλις ληφθήσεται, ἔχεται ἡ πᾶσα Σικελία ibid.; in threats or warnings, ;εἰ τιμωρήσεις Πατρόκλῳ, αὐτὸς ἀποθανῇ Pl.Ap. 28c
, cf. D.28.21: or,b to express a present intention or expectation, αἶρε πλῆκτρον εἰ μαχεῖ if you mean to fight, Ar.Av. 759;ἐγὼ μὲν οὐκ ἀνήρ.. εἰ ταῦτ' ἀνατεὶ τῇδε κείσεται κράτη S.Ant. 485
, cf. Il.1.61, E.Hec. 863.3 with historical tenses, implying that the condition is or was unfulfilled.a with [tense] impf., referring to present time or to continued or repeated action in past time (in Hom. always the latter, Il.24.715, al.): ταῦτα οὐκ ἂν ἐδύναντο ποιεῖν, εἰ μὴ διαίτῃ μετρίᾳ ἐχρῶντο they would not be able to do this (as they do), if they did not live an abstemious life, X.Cyr.1.2.16, cf. Pl.R. 489b; οὐκ ἂν νήσων ἐκράτει, εἰ μή τι καὶ ναυτικὸν εἶχεν he ([place name] Agamemnon) would not have been master of islands, if he had not had also some naval force, Th.1.9;αἰ δ' ἦχες ἔσλων ἴμερον ἢ κάλων.. αἴδως κεν.. ἦχεν Sapph.28
; εἰ ἦσαν ἄνδρες ἀγαθοὶ.. οὐκ ἄν ποτε ταῦτα ἔπασχον if they had been good men, they would never have suffered as they did, Pl.Grg. 516e, cf. X.Mem.1.1.5; εἰ γὰρ ἐγὼ τάδε ᾔδἐ.. οὐκ ἂν ὑπεξέφυγε if I had known this.., Il.8.366.b with [tense] aor. referring to past time,εἰ μὴ ἔφυσε θεὸς μέλι.. ἔφασκον γλύσσονα σῦκα πέλεσθαι Xenoph.38
; εἰ μὴ ὑμεῖς ἤλθετε, ἐπορευόμεθα ἂν ἐπὶ βασιλέα had you not come, we should be on our way.., X.An.2.1.4;καὶ ἴσως ἂν ἀπέθανον, εἰ μὴ ἡ ἀρχὴ διὰ ταχέων κατελύθη Pl.Ap. 32d
, cf. Il.5.680, Od.4.364, D.4.5, 27.63: with [tense] plpf. in apodosi,εἰ τριάκοντα μόναι μετέπεσον τῶν ψήφων, ἀπεπεφεύγη ἄν Pl. Ap. 36a
.c rarely with [tense] plpf. referring to action finished in past or present time, λοιπὸν δ' ἂν ἦν ἡμῖν ἔτι περὶ τῆς πόλεως διαλεχθῆναι, εἰ μὴ προτέρα τῶν ἄλλων τὴν εἰρήνην ἐπεποίητο if she had not (as she has done) made peace before the rest, Isoc.5.56, cf. Pl.Ti. 21c.II with SUBJ., εἰ is regularly joined with ἄν ([dialect] Ep. κε, κεν), cf. ἐάν: Arc. εἰκαν in Tegean Inscrr. of iv B. C. (IG5(2).3.16, 31, 6.2, SIG306.34) should be understood as εἰκ ἄν (εἰ: εἰκ = οὐ: οὐκ), since εἰ δ' ἄν is also found in IG5(2).3.2, 6.45, and εἰκ alone, ib.3.21; but ἄν ([etym.] κε, κεν) are freq. absent in Hom. as Od.5.221, 14.373 (and cf. infr. 2), and Lyr., Pi. (who never uses εἰ with ἄν or κε ([etym.] ν)) P.4.266, al.; in dialects,αἰ δείλητ' ἀγχωρεῖν IG9(1).334.6
([dialect] Locr., v B. C.), cf. Foed.[dialect] Dor. ap. Th.5.79; rarely in Hdt.,εἰ μὴ ἀναβῇ 2.13
; occasionally in Trag., A.Eu. 234, S.OT 198 (lyr.), etc.; very rarely in [dialect] Att. Prose,εἰ ξυστῶσιν αἱ πόλεις Th.6.21
; : in later Prose,εἴ τις θελήσῃ Apoc.11.5
;εἰ φονεύῃ Plot.2.9.9
, cf. Procl. Inst.26.1 when the apodosis is [tense] fut., to express a future condition more distinctly and vividly than εἰ c. opt., but less so than εἰ c. [tense] fut. ind. (supr. 1.2a); εἰ δέ κεν ὣς ἕρξῃς καί τοι πείθωνται Ἀχαιοί, γνώσῃ ἔπειθ' .. if thou do thus.., thou shalt know, Il.2.364, cf. 1.128, 3.281, Od.17.549;ἂν δέ τις ἀνθιστῆται, σὺν ὑμῖν πειρασόμεθα χειροῦσθαι X. An.7.3.11
; ἂν μὴ νῦν ἐθέλωμεν ἐκεῖ πολεμεῖν αὐτῷ, ἐνθάδ' ἴσως ἀναγκασθησόμεθα τοῦτο ποιεῖν if we be not now willing, D.4.50, cf. X.Cyr. 5.3.27: folld. by imper., ἢν εἰρήνης δοκῆτε δεῖσθαι, ἄνευ ὅπλων ἥκετε ib.3.2.13, cf. 5.4.30.2 when the apodosis is present, denoting customary or repeated action, to express a general condition, if ever, ἤν ποτε δασμὸς ἵκηται, σοὶ τὸ γέρας πολὺ μεῖζον (sc. ἐστί) whenever a division comes, your prize is (always) greater, Il.1.166; ἢν ἐγγὺς ἔλθῃ θάνατος, οὐδεὶς βούλεται θνῄσκειν if death come near, E.Alc. 671; with ἄν omitted,εἴ περ γάρ τε χόλον.. καταπέψῃ ἀλλά.. ἔχει κότον Il.1.81
.b with Rhet. present in apodosis, ἐὰν μὴ οἱ φιλόσοφοι βασιλεύσωσιν, οὐκ ἔστι κακῶν παῦλα there is (i.e. can be, will be) no rest.., Pl.R. 473d.III with OPTATIVE (never with ἄν in early Gr., later ἐάν c. opt., Dam.Pr. 114, al.),1 to express a future condition less definitely than ἐάν c. subj., usu. with opt. with ἄν in apod., ἦ κεν γηθήσαι Πρίαμος Πριάμοιό τε παῖδες.. εἰ σφῶιν τάδε πάντα πυθοίατο μαρναμένοιιν surely they would exult, if they should hear.., Il.1.255, cf. 7.28, Od.3.223;εἴης φορητὸς οὐκ ἄν, εἰ πράσσοις καλῶς A.Pr. 979
;οὐδὲ γὰρ ἄν με ἐπαινοίη, εἰ ἐξελαύνοιμι τοὺς εὐεργέτας X.An.7.7.11
;οἶκος δ' αὐτός, εἰ φθογγὴν λάβοι, σαφέστατ' ἂν λέξειεν A.Ag.37
, etc.: [tense] fut. opt. is f.l. in Pl.Tht. 164a: with [tense] pres. ind. in apod., Xenoph.34.3, Democr.253: with [tense] fut.ind., Meliss.5.b in Hom.sts. with [tense] pres. opt., to express an unfulfilled present condition, εἰ μὲν νῦν ἐπὶ ἄλλῳ ἀεθλεύοιμεν, ἦ τ' ἂν ἐγὼ τὰ πρῶτα φεροίμην if we were now contending, etc., Il.23.274: rarely in Trag., εἰ μὴ κνίζοι ( = εἰ μὴ ἔκνιζε) E.Med. 568; alsoεἰ ἀναγκαῖον εἴη ἀδικεῖν ἢ ἀδικεῖσθαι, ἑλοίμην ἂν μᾶλλον ἀδικεῖσθαι Pl.Grg. 469c
.2 when the apodosis is past, denoting customary or repeated action, to express a general condition in past time (corresponding to use of subj. in present time, supr. 11.2); once in Hom.,εἴ τίς με.. ἐνίπτοι, ἀλλὰ σὺ τόν γ'.. κατέρυκες Il.24.768
; εἰ δέ τινας θορυβουμένους αἴσθοιτο.., κατασβεννύναι τὴν ταραχὴν ἐπειρᾶτο if he should see ( whenever he saw) any troops in confusion, he (always) tried, X.Cyr.5.3.55, cf. An.4.5.13, Mem.4.2.40; εἴ τις ἀντείποι, εὐθὺς ἐτεθνήκει if any one made objection, he was a dead man at once, Th. 8.66;ἀλλ' εἴ τι μὴ φέροιμεν, ὤτρυνεν φέρειν E.Alc. 755
. For εἰ c. ind. in this sense v. supr. 1.1: ind. and opt. are found in same sentence,ἐμίσει, οὐκ εἴ τις κακῶς πάσχων ἠμύνετο, ἀλλ' εἴ τις εὐεργετούμενος ἀχάριστος φαίνοιτο X.Ages.11.3
.3 in oratio obliqua after past tenses, representing ἐάν c. subj. or εἰ with a primary (never an historical) tense of the ind. in oratio recta, ἐλογίζοντο ὡς, εἰ μὴ μάχοιντο, ἀποστήσοιντο αἱ πόλεις (representing ἐὰν μὴ μαχώμεθα, ἀποστήσονται) X.HG6.4.6, cf. D.21.104, X.HG5.2.2; ἔλεγεν ὅτι, εἰ βλαβερὰ πεπραχὼς εἴη, δίκαιος εἴη ζημιοῦσθαι (representing εἰ βλαβερὰ πέπραχε, δίκαιός ἐστι) ib.32, cf. An.6.6.25; εἰ δέ τινα φεύγοντα λήψοιτο, προηγόρευεν ὅτι ὡς πολεμίψ χρήσοιτο (representing εἴ τινα λήψομαι, χρήσομαι) Id.Cyr.3.1.3; also, where oratio obliqua is implied in the leading clause, οὐκ ἦν τοῦ πολέμου πέρας Φιλίππῳ, εἰ μὴ Θηβαίους.. ἐχθροὺς ποιήσειε τῇ πόλει, i.e. Philip thought there would be no end to the war, unless he should make.. (his thought having been ἐὰν μὴ ποιήσω), D.18.145;ἐβούλοντο γὰρ σφίσιν, εἴ τινα λάβοιεν, ὑπάρχειν ἀντὶ τῶν ἔνδον, ἢν ἄρα τύχωσί τινες ἐζωγρημένοι Th.2.5
.4 c. opt. with ἄν, only when the clause serves as apodosis as well as protasis, cf. Pl.Prt. 329b, D.4.18, X.Mem.1.5.3 (v.ἄν A. 111
. d).IV c. INF., in oratio obliqua, only in Hdt.,εἰ γὰρ δὴ δεῖν πάντως περιθεῖναι ἄλλῳ τέῳ τὴν βασιληΐην, [ἔφη] δικαιότερον εἶναι κτλ. 1.129
; , cf. 172, 3.105, 108.V after Verbs denoting wonder, delight, indignation, disappointment, contentment, and similar emotions, εἰ c. ind. is used instead of ὅτι, to express the object of the feeling in a hypothetical form, θαυμάζω εἰ μηδεὶς ὑμῶν μήτ' ἐνθυμεῖται μήτ' ὀργίζεται, ὁρῶν .. I wonder that no one of you is either concerned or angry when he sees.., D.4.43;οὐκ ἀγαπᾷ εἰ μὴ δίκην δέδωκεν, ἀλλ' εἰ μὴ καὶ χρυσῷ στεφάνῳ στεφανωθήσεται ἀγανακτεῖ Aeschin.3.147
: after past tenses,ἐθαύμασε δ' εἰ μὴ φανερόν ἐστιν X.Mem.1.1.13
;δεινὸν εἰσῄει, εἰ μὴ.. δόξει D.19.33
; ;οὐδὲ ᾐσχύνθη εἰ.. ἐπάγει D.21.105
: in oratio obliqua (expressed or implied) c. opt., ἐπεῖπεν ὡς δεινὸν (sc. εἴη)εἰ.. μεγαλόψυχος γένοιτο Aeschin.2.157
;ᾤκτιρον εἰ ἁλώσοιντο X.An.1.4.7
; ἐθαύμαζε δ' εἴ τις ἀρετὴν ἐπαγγελλόμενος ἀργύριον πράττοιτο he wondered that any one should demand money, Id.Mem.1.2.7; ἔχαιρον ἀγαπῶν εἴ τις ἐάσοι I rejoiced, being content if any one should let it pass, Pl.R. 450a:—in this use the neg. οὐ is also found, ; ;τέρας λέγεις, εἰ οὐκ ἂν δύναιντο λαθεῖν Pl.Men. 91d
, etc.VI in citing a fact as a ground of argument or appeal, as surely as, since, εἴ ποτ' ἔην γε if there was [as there was], i.e. as sure as there was such an one, Il.3.180, al.;εἰ τότε κοῦρος ἔα, νῦν αὖτέ με γῆρας ὀπάζει 4.321
; πολλοὺς γὰρ οἶκε εἶναι εὐπετέστερον διαβάλλειν ἢ ἕνα, εἰ Κλεομένεα μὲν μοῦνον οὐκ οἷός τε ἐγένετο διαβαλεῖν, τρεῖς δὲ μυριάδας Ἀθηναίων ἐποίησε τοῦτο it seems easier to deceive many than one, if (as was the fact, i.e. since) he was not able.., Hdt.5.97, cf. 1.60,al.VII ELLIPTICAL CONSTRUCTIONS:1 with apodosis implied in the context, εἰ having the force of in case, supposing that, πρὸς τὴν πόλιν, εἰ ἐπιβοηθοῖεν, ἐχώρουν they marched towards the city [so as to meet the citizens], in case they should rush out, Th.6.100; ἱκέται πρὸς σὲ δεῦρ' ἀφίγμεθα, εἴ τινα πόλιν φράσειας ἡμῖν εὔερον we have come hither to you, in case you should tell us of some fleecy city (i.e. that we might hear of it), Ar.Av. 120; παρέζεο καὶ λαβὲ γούνων, αἴ κέν πως ἐθέλῃσιν ἐπὶ Τρώεσσιν ἀρῆξαι sit by him and grasp his knees [so as to persuade him], in case he be willing to help the Trojans, Il.1.408, cf. 66, Od.1.94, 3.92; ἄκουσον καὶ ἐμοῦ, ἐάν σοι ἔτι ταὐτὰ δοκῇ hear me also [that you may assent], in case the same opinion please you, Pl.R. 358b; ἰδὲ δή, ἐάν σοι ὅπερ ἐμοὶ συνδοκῇ look now, in case you approve what I do, ib. 434a.2 with apodosis suppressed for rhetorical reasons, εἴ περ γάρ κ' ἐθέλῃσιν Ὀλύμπιος.. στυφελίξαι if he wish to thrust him away, [he will do so], Il.1.580; εἰ μὲν δώσουσι γέρας—· εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώωσιν, ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι if they shall give me a prize, [well and good]; but if they give not, then I will take one for myself, 1.135, cf. 6.150, Ar.Pl. 468; καὶ ἢν μὲν ξυμβῇ ἡ πεῖρα—· εἰ δὲ μή .. and if the attempt succeed, [well]; otherwise.., Th.3.3, cf. Pl.Prt. 325d.3 with the Verb of the protasis omitted, chiefly in the following expressions:a εἰ μή except,οὐδὲν ἄλλο σιτέονται, εἰ μὴ ἰχθῦς μοῦνον Hdt. 1.200
; μὰ τὼ θεώ, εἰ μὴ Κρίτυλλά γ' [εἰμί]—nay, if I'm not Critylla! i.e. I am, Ar.Th. 898; εἰ μὴ ὅσον except only,ἐγὼ μέν μιν οὐκ εἶδον, εἰ μὴ ὅσον γραφῇ Hdt.2.73
, cf. 1.45, 2.20;εἰ μὴ εἰ Th.1.17
, Pl.Grg. 480b, etc.; εἰ μή τι οὖν, ἀλλὰ σμικρόν γέ μοι τῆς ἀρχῆς χάλασον if nothing else, yet.., Id.Men. 86e; ironical,εἰ μὴ ἄρα ἡ τῆς ἀρετῆς ἐπιμέλεια διαφθορά ἐστιν X.Mem.1.2.8
;εἰ μή πέρ γε τὸν ὑοσκύαμον χρήματα εἶναι φήσομεν Id.Oec.1.13
.b εἰ δὲ μή but if not, i.e. otherwise,προηγόρευε τοῖς Λαμψακηνοῖσι μετιέναι Μιλτιάδεα, εἰ δὲ μή, σφέας πίτυος τρόπον ἀπείλεε ἐκτρίψειν Hdt.6.37
, cf. 56; after μάλιστα μέν, Th.1.32,35, etc.:—after a preceding neg., μὴ τύπτ'· εἰ δὲ μή, σαυτόν ποτ' αἰτιάσει don't beat me; otherwise, you will have yourself to blame, Ar.Nu. 1433;ὦ Κῦρε, μὴ οὕτω λέγε· εἰ δὲ μή, οὐ θαρροῦντά με ἕξεις X.Cyr.3.1.35
;οὔτ' ἐν τῷ ὕδατι τὰ ὅπλα ἦν ἔχειν· εἰ δὲ μή Id.An.4.3.6
, cf. Th.1.28, 131, Pl.Phd. 91c.c εἰ δέ sts. stands forεἰ δὲ μή, εἰ μὲν βούλεται, ἑψέτω· εἰ δ', ὅτι βούλεται, τοῦτο ποιείτω Pl.Euthd. 285c
, cf. Smp. 212c; ;εἰ δ' οὕτως Arist.EN 1094a24
; εἰ δὲ τοῦτο and if so, Str.2.1.29.e εἴ τις if any, i. e. as much as or more than any,τῶν γε νῦν αἴ τις ἐπιχθονίων, ὀρθῶς B.5.5
;ὄτλον ἄλγιστον ἔσχον, εἴ τις Αἰτωλὶς γυνή S.Tr.8
, cf. OC 734; εἴ τις ἄλλος, siquis alius, E.Andr.6, etc.;εἴ τινες καὶ ἄλλοι Hdt.3.2
, etc.;εἴπερ τις ἄλλος Pl.R. 501d
; also κατ' εἰ δέ τινα τρόπον in any way, IG 5(2).6.27 ([place name] Tegea).f εἴ ποτε or εἴπερ ποτέ now if ever,ἡμῖν δὲ καλῶς, εἴπερ ποτέ, ἔχει.. ἡ ξυναλλαγή Th.4.20
, cf. Ar.Eq. 594;αἴ ποτα κἄλλοτα Alc.Supp.7.11
, cf. X.An.6.4.12, etc.; but in prayers,εἴ ποτέ τοι ἐπὶ νηὸν ἔρεψα.. τόδε μοι κρήηνον ἐέλδωρ Il.1.39
.g εἴ ποθεν (sc. δυνατόν ἐστι) if from any quarter, i.e. from some quarter or other, S.Ph. 1204 (lyr.); so εἴ ποθι somewhere, anywhere, Id.Aj. 885 (lyr.);εἴ που Od.4.193
.h εἴ πως ib. 388, X.An.2.3.11: in an elliptical sentence (cf. VII. 1),πρέσβεις πέμψαντες, εἴ πως πείσειαν Th.1.58
.VIII with other PARTICLES:1 for the distinction between καὶ εἰ (or καὶ ἐάν, or κἄν ) even if, and εἰ καί (or ἐὰν καί ) even though, v. καί:—the opposite of καὶ εἰ is οὐδ' εἰ, not even if; that of εἰ καί is εἰ μηδέ, if (although) not even.IX in neg. oaths, = Hebr. im, LXXPs.94(95).11, Ev.Marc.8.12, al.C IN INDIRECT QUESTIONS, whether, folld. by the ind., subj., or opt., according to the principles of oratio obliqua:1 with IND. after primary tenses, representing the same tense in the direct question, σάφα δ' οὐκ οἶδ' εἰ θεός ἐστιν whether he is a god, Il.5.183;εἰ ξυμπονήσεις.. σκόπει S.Ant.41
.2 with SUBJ. after primary tenses, representing a dubitative subj. in the direct question, τὰ ἐκπώματα οὐκ οἶδ' εἰ Χρυσάντᾳ τουτῳῒ δῶ whether I should give them, X.Cyr.8.4.16: sts. elliptical,ἐς τὰ χρηστήρια ἔπεμπε, εἰ στρατεύηται ἐπὶ τοὺς Πέρσας Hdt.1.75
.3 OPT. after past tenses, representing either of the two previous constructions in the direct question, ἤρετο εἴ τις ἐμοῦ εἴη σοφώτερος he asked whether any one was wiser than I (direct ἔστι τις σοφώτερος;), Pl.Ap. 21a;ἐπεκηρυκεύετο Πεισιστράτῳ, εἰ βούλοιτό οἱ τὴν θυγατέρα ἔχειν γυναῖκα Hdt.1.60
: rarely [tense] aor. opt. for the [tense] aor. ind., ἠρώτων αὐτὸν εἰ ἀναπλεύσειεν I asked him whether he had set sail (direct ἀνέπλευσας;), D.50.55: but [tense] aor. opt. usually represents [tense] aor. subj., τὸν θεὸν ἐπήροντο εἰ παραδοῖεν Κορινθίοις τὴν πόλιν.. καὶ τιμωρίαν τινὰ πειρῷντ' ἀπ' αὐτῶν ποιεῖσθαι they asked whether they should deliver their city to the Corinthians, and should try.., Th.1.25:—in both constructions the ind. or subj. may be retained, ψῆφον ἐβούλοντο ἐπαγαγεῖν εἰ χρὴ πολεμεῖν ib. 119; ἐβουλεύοντο εἴτε κατακαύσωσιν.. εἴτε τι ἄλλο χρήσωνται whether they should burn them or should dispose of them in some other way, Id.2.4; ἀνακοινοῦσθαι αὐτὸν αὑτῷ εἰ δῷ ἐπιψηφίσαι τοῖς προέδροις [he said that] he consulted him whether he should give.., Aeschin.2.68.4 with OPT. and ἄν when this was the form of the direct question, ἠρώτων εἰ δοῖεν ἂν τούτων τὰ πιστά they asked whether they would give (direct δοιήτε ἄν;), X.An.4.8.7.5 the NEG. used with εἰ in indirect questions is οὐ, when οὐ would be used in the direct question, ἐνετέλλετο.. εἰρωτᾶν εἰ οὔ τι ἐπαισχύνεται whether he is not ashamed, Hdt.1.90, etc.; but if μή would be required in the direct form, it is retained in the indirect, οὐ τοῦτο ἐρωτῶ, ἀλλ' εἰ τοῦ μὲν δικαίου μὴ ἀξιοῖ πλέον ἔχειν μηδὲ βούλεται ὁ δίκαιος, τοῦ δὲ ἀδίκου (the direct question would be μὴ ἀξιοῖ μηδὲ βούλεται; he does not see fit nor wish, does he?) Pl.R. 349b:—in double indirect questions, εἴτε.. εἴτε.. ; εἰ.. εἴτε.. ; εἴτε.. ἢ .., either οὐ or μή can be used in the second clause, ; ; εἰ ἀληθὲς ἢ μή, πειράσομαι μαθεῖν ib. 339a;πολλὰ ἂν περιεσκέψω, εἴτε ἐπιτρεπτέον εἴτε οὔ·.. οὐδένα λόγον οὐδὲ συμβουλὴν ποιῇ, εἴτε χρὴ ἐπιτρέπειν σαυτὸν αὐτῷ εἴτε μή Id.Prt. 313a
, 313b;ἀνάγκη τὴν ἐμὴν μητέρα, εἴτε θυγάτηρ ἦν Κίρωνος εἴτε μή, καὶ εἰ παρ' ἐκείνῳ διῃτᾶτο ἢ οὔ, καὶ γάμους εἰ διττοὺς ὑπὲρ ταύτης εἱστίασεν ἢ μὴ.. πάντα ταῦτα εἰδέναι τοὺς οἰκέτας Is.8.9
; τοὺς νόμους καταμανθάνειν εἰ καλῶς κεῖνται ἢ μή.. τοὺς λόγους εἰ ὀρθῶς ὑμᾶς διδάσκουσιν ἢ οὔ Antipho 5.14. -
4 εὐλαβέομαι
εὐλαβ-έομαι, [tense] impf. ηὐλαβούμην v.l. in E.Or. 748 (troch.), 1059, εὐλ-Aeschin.1.25: [tense] fut. - ήσομαι Pl. R. 410a, Arist.EN 1127b6; also- ηθήσομαι LXX De.2.4,al., D.L.7.116, Gal.5.249: [tense] aor. ηὐλαβήθην (or εὐλ-) Pl.Phd. 89c:—A to be discreet, cautious, beware, folld. by μή or ὅπως μή with subj.,εὐ. μὴ φανῇς κακὸς γεγώς S.Tr. 1129
, cf. E.Hipp. 100, Ar.Eq. 253, Pl.Phd. 89c, etc.: by [tense] fut. ind., ὅπως μὴ.. οἰχήσομαι ib. 91c (om. cod. B): c. inf.,εὐλαβουμένῳ πεσεῖν S.OT 616
;εὐ. λέγειν Pl.Phd. 101c
: with μή inserted,εὐ. μὴ σῴζειν φίλους E.Or. 1059
, cf. Ar.Lys. 1277, Cydias 1.2 take care,ὅπως κατοίσεις Ar.Ach. 955
;εὐ. περί τι Pl.Lg. 927c
, Ion 537a;περί τινος Id.Lg. 691b
;ἀμφί τινι Luc.Gall.21
: abs., εὐλαβήθηθ' S.OT47;εὐλαβούμενος ἠρόμην Pl.Prt. 333e
, cf. 316d; εἰ μηδὲν εὐλαβηθέντα τἀληθὲς εἰπεῖν δέοι without reserve, D.18.159; take precautions, Arist. Pol. 1303b27.II c. acc., have a care of, beware of,εὐλαβοῦ στρόμβον.. μή σ' ἀναρπάσῃ A.Fr. 195
; εὐ. τὴν κύνα 'ware the dog, Ar.Lys. 1215;εὐ. πενίαν Pl.R. 372c
;τὸν φθόνον D.18.305
; ;τοὺς ὑβρίζεσθαι νομίζοντας Id.Pol. 1315a27
; .2 reverence, pay honour to, ;τὸν δῆμον Plu.Per.7
; in LXX, fear God, Na.1.7;εὐ. ἀπὸ τοῦ ὀνόματος Κυρίου Ze.3.12
;μηδὲν-ούμενον, ὡς οἱ πολλοὶ λέγουσιν, ὅτι.. δεῖ.. Sor.1.49
.III later in [voice] Act., εὐλαβεῖν τινα beware of, BGU665.4 (i A.D.); cf. εὐλάβησον, -ῆσαι, Phot.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὐλαβέομαι
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5 κέντρον
1 horse-goad, [ἵπποι] ἄνευ κέντροιο θέοντες Il.23.387
, cf. 430, Ar.Nu. 1297, X.Cyr.7.1.29, etc.;διπλοῖς κέντροισι S.OT 809
;ὄνειδος ἔτυψεν δίκαν διφρηλάτου μεσολαβεῖ κ. A.Eu. 157
(lyr.): post-Hom., ox-goad (Hom. βουπλήξ), used as an instrument of torture, Hdt.3.130;κέντροις καὶ μάστιξιν Pl.Lg. 777a
: prov., πρὸς κέντρα λακτίζειν (v.λακτίζω 2
);δεῖ.. κέντρου πολλάκις, οὕτω δὲ καὶ χαλινοῦ Longin.2.2
; as a symbol of sovereignty,λαβὼν.. χερσὶν κέντρα κηδεύει πόλιν S.Fr. 683
.b metaph., goad, spur, incentive, Pi.Fr.124.4, A.Pr. 691 (lyr.); ποῦ γὰρ τοσοῦτο κ. ὡς μητροκτονεῖν; Id.Eu. 427;κέντροις ἔρωτος E.Hipp.39
, cf. 1303;πόθου κ. Pl.R. 573a
;κέντρα καὶ ὠδῖνες Id.Phdr. 251e
;κ. ἐγερτικὸν θυμοῦ Plu.Lyc.21
; κέντρα πτολέμοιο, of the Argives, Orac. ap. Sch.Theoc.14.48; κ. ἐμοῦ desire for me, S.Ph. 1039.2 metaph., in pl., tortures, pangs, Id.Tr. 840 (lyr.): sg.,τὸ κ. τοῦ θανάτου ἡ ἁμαρτία 1 Ep.Cor.15.56
.5 of animals,a sting of bees and wasps, Ar.V. 225, 407 (lyr.), al.; of scorpions, Arist.PA 683a12 (so of the constellation Scorpio, Arat.505): hence, metaph., of malicious persons,ἐς τοὺς ἔχοντας κέντρ' ἀφιᾶσιν E.Supp. 242
;πορεύεται, ὥσπερ σκορπίος, ἠρκὼς τὸ κ. D.25.52
; of Pericles as an orator,τὸ κ. ἐγκατέλειπε τοῖς ἀκροωμένοις Eup.94.7
; of Socrates,ὥσπερ μέλιττα τὸ κ. ἐγκαταλιπών Pl.Phd. 91c
;οἷον ὀφθαλμῷ κ. ἐνθεῖσα Philostr.Im.2.1
; βλέμματος κ. Onomarch. ap. Philostr.VS2.18.d = πόσθη, Sotad.1.6 stationary point of a pair of compasses, Vitr.3.1.3: generally, centre of a circle, Pl. Ti. 54e, Arist.APr. 41b15, al.; ἡ ἐκ τοῦ κ. (sc. εὐθεῖα) radius, Euc.Opt. 34;ὥσπερ κύκλον κέντρῳ περιέγραψαν τὴν πόλιν Plu.Rom.11
;τὸ κ. τᾶς σφαίρας Ti.Locr.100e
;τὸ κ. τῆς γῆς Ptol.Tetr.52
; κ. βάρεος centre of gravity, Archim.Aequil.1Def.4: metaph., κ. καὶ διαστήματι περιγράφειν circumscribe, Plu.2.513c, 524f.7 pin, rivet, Paus.10.16.1; spur, tip, for fixing a machine in the ground, Apollod Poliorc. 144.1.8 ῥακτηρίοις κέντροισιν, of oars, S.Fr. 802.9 Astron., cardinal point on the ecliptic, Ptol.Tetr.74, S.E.M.5.12, Vett.Val.50.18, etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κέντρον
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6 λώβη
λώβ-η, ἡ,A outrage, dishonour,αἶσχος λώβη τε 18.225
; λώβην λωβᾶσθαι (v. λωβάομαι) ; τείσετε λ. ye shall pay for the outrage, Il.11.142;ἀπὸ πᾶσαν ἐμοὶ δόμεναι.. λ. 9.387
; but λ. τείσασθαι exact retribution for an outrage, i.e. avenge it, 19.208, Od.20.169, S.Aj. 181 (lyr.); ἐπὶ λώβᾳ for ruin or destruction, Id.Ant. 792 (lyr.), cf. E.Hec. 647 (lyr.);ὡς ἐπὶ λώβᾳ Id.HF 882
(lyr.);λ. καὶ διαφθορά Pl.Men. 91c
, etc.; esp. mutilation, maiming, Hdt.3.154: pl., S.Aj. 1392;λώβας λωβηθείς Pl.Grg. 473c
.2 of persons, a disgrace,λώβην τ' ἔμεναι καὶ ὑπόψιον Il.3.42
, cf. E.El. 165 (lyr.), Herod.7.95; ποιητῶν λῶβαι, of the Grammarians, AP11.322 (Antiphan.); οὐ γὰρ Ἀρκάδεσσι λώβα no insult to the Arcadians, Alc. 38.II a form of leprosy, Gal.14.757. -
7 μέλισσα
μέλισσᾰ, [dialect] Att. [suff] μέλι-ττα, ης, ἡ, (perh. by haplology for μελι-λιχ-yα 'honey-licker', cf. Skt.A madhu-lih- (corresp. with Gr. Μεθυ-λιχ- ) 'bee') bee, Od.13.106, etc.; of wild bees, that live in rocks, Il.2.87, cf. 12.167; of honey-bees, that live in hives, Hes. Th. 594;σμῆνος μελισσᾶν A. Pers. 128
(lyr.), cf. Hdt.4.194, 5.10:—Phrases:ὥσπερ μέλιττα τὸ κέντρον ἐγκαταλιπών Pl. Phd. 91c
; ὄνος ἐν μελίτταις 'a hornets' nest', Crates Com.36; cf.μέλι 1.2
fin.1 to poets, from their culling the beauties of nature,ἔνθεν ὡσπερεὶ μ. Φρύνιχος.. μελέων ἀπεβόσκετο καρπόν Ar. Av. 748
;μ. Μούσης Id.Ec. 974
(lyr.);μ. Ἤρινναν Μουσῶν ἄνθεα δρεπτομέναν AP7.13
(Leon. or Mel.); esp. of Sophocles, Sch.Ar.V. 460.2 to the priestesses of Delphi, Pi.P.4.60; of Demeter and Artemis, Sch.Pi. l.c., Porph. Antr.18; of Cybele, Did. ap. Lact. Inst.1.22.3 in Neo-Platonic Philos., any pure, chaste being, of souls coming to birth, Porph. Antr.19; of the Moon, ib.18.III = μέλι, honey, ὕδατος,μελίσσης, μηδὲ προσφέρειν μέθυ S.OC 481
: metaph.,γλώσσης μελίσσῃ καταρρυηκέναι Id.Fr. 155
; of poetry, AP9.505.6; ἑσμὸς μελίσσης appears to be corrupt in Epin. 1.7.IV = ὀβολός, Hsch.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μέλισσα
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8 πνεῦμα
A blast, wind, first in Anaximen.2, ὅλον τὸν κόσμον π. καὶ ἀὴρ περιέχει: freq. in Trag., etc.,ἀνέμων πνεύματα πάντων A.Pr. 1086
(anap.), cf. 1047 (anap.);θαλάσσας.. πνεύματι λάβρῳ Id.Pers. 110
(lyr.);πνευμάτων ἐπομβρίᾳ Id.Fr.300.3
; ; (but πνοή is commoner in Poets; Hom. uses πνοιή); πνεύματα ἀνέμων Hdt.7.16
.ά; τὸ π. κατῄει Th.2.84
; κατὰ πρύμναν ἵσταται τὸ π. ib.97;τὸ π. λεῖον καὶ καθεστηκὸς λαβεῖν Ar.Ra. 1003
;τὸ π. ἔλαττον γίγνεται Id.Eq. 441
;εἰ φορὸν π. εἴη X.HG6.2.27
; κατὰ πνεῦμα στῆναι τοῦ ἄρρενος to leeward of him, Arist.HA 560b14; but κατὰ π. προσιόντες down wind, ib. 535a19; πνεύματος ἀνείλησις, ἐκπύρωσις, Epicur. Ep.2pp.44,45 U.; as an element, air, Corp.Herm.1.9, 16;τὸ π. τὸ περὶ τὴν ψυχήν Plot.2.2.2
, cf. Porph.Sent.29.2 metaph., θαλερωτέρῳ π. with more genial breeze or influence, A.Th. 708(lyr.);λύσσης π. μάργῳ Id.Pr. 884
(anap.); αἰδοίῳ π. χώρας with air or spirit of respect on the part of the country, Id.Supp.29(anap.); π. ταὐτὸν οὔποτ'.. ἐν ἀνδράσιν φίλοις βέβηκεν the wind is constantly changing even among friends, S.OC 612;π. συμφορᾶς E.IT 1317
;ὅταν θεοῦ σοι π. μεταβαλὸν τύχῃ Id.HF 216
.II breathed air, breath, ; αὐλῶν, λωτοῦ π., E.Ba. 128(lyr.), Ph. 787 (lyr., pl.); π. ἀπέρρηξεν βίου the breath of life, A.Pers. 507;π. ἀπώλεσεν Id.Th. 984
(lyr.); π. ἄθροισον collect breath, E.Ph. 851; π. ἀφεῖναι, ἀνεῖναι, μεθεῖναι, to give up the ghost, Id.Hec. 571, Or. 277, Tr. 785 (anap.);π. δειμαίνων λιπεῖν Id.Supp. 554
;π... δυσῶδες ἠφίει Th.2.49
; πνεύματος διαρροαί the wind-pipe, E.Hec. 567;τὰς τοῦ π. διεξόδους ἀποφράττον Pl.Ti. 91c
(v. πνεύμων); πνεύματος ῥώμη Plu.2.804b
: prov.,ἄνθρωπός ἐστι π. καὶ σκιὰ μόνον S.Fr.13
.2 breathing, respiration, freq. in Hp., π. πυκνόν, ἀραιόν, ἐκτεῖνον, κατεπεῖγον, Epid.2.3.7;π. πυκνότερον Acut.16
; π. προσκόπτον checked, difficult breathing, Aph.4.68; π. ἄσημον indistinct, feeble breathing, Epid.6.7.8;π. βηχῶδες Coac. 622
; π. μετέωρον shallow breathing, Epid.2.3.1; τὸ π. ἔχειν ἄνω to be out of breath, Men.23, cf. Sosicr.1; τὸ π. ἀνήνεγκαν recovered their breath, Hp.Prorrh.2.12 (so withoutτὸ π. Aph.2.43
); but ἀναφέρουσιν.. κλαίοντά τε καὶ ἐς τὰς ῥῖνας ἀνέλκοντα τὸ π. they sob.., Id.Hebd.51.b pl., of the air imagined as filling the veins, πνευμάτων ἀπολήψιες ἀνὰ φλέβας Id.Acut.(Sp.)7,al.4 breath of life,π. ζωῆς LXXGe.6.17
, 7.15, cf. Plu.Per.13,etc.; π. ἔχειν retain life, Plb.31.10.4; living being,ἐγὼ Νίνος πάλαι ποτ' ἐγενόμην π. Phoen.1.16
; οὐ π. πάντα βρότεια σοὶ (sc. Πλούτωνι)νέμεται; IG14.769
([place name] Naples).5 that which is breathed forth or exhaled, odour,ὦ θεῖον ὀδμῆς π. E.Hipp. 1391
; π. βαρὺ ἀφιεῖσα, of a tree, Plu.2.647b.6 Gramm., breathing with which a vowel is pronounced, ib. 1009e (pl.), A.D.Adv.147.18; π. δασύ, ψιλόν, Id.Pron. 78.6, Adv.148.9.III divine inspiration,ἄγρια.. πνεύματα θευφορίης AP6.220.4
(Diosc.);εἰ μή τι θεῖον.. ἐνῆν π. τῇ ψυχῇ Pl.Ax. 370c
;τὸ ἱερὸν καὶ δαιμόνιον ἐν μούσαις π. Plu.2.605a
;καθαρὸν δίκαιον.. π. θεοῦ σωτῆρος BMus.Inscr.1062
(Cyrene, ii A. D.).2 spirit of man,εἴτ' ἐστὶ τοῦτο π. θεῖον εἴτε νοῦς Men.482.3
: in NT, opp. ψυχή, 1 Ep.Thess.5.23, cf. Ep.Rom.8.2; τῷ π., opp. τῷ σώματι, 1 Ep.Cor.5.3; also, opp. γράμμα, Ep.Rom.2.29.V spiritual or immaterial being, angel, Ep.Hebr.1.14, Apoc.1.4; τὰ ἄχραντα π., τὰ κακὰ π., Iamb.Myst.3.31; π. πονηρόν, ψευδές, LXX Jd.9.23, 3 Ki.22.21, cf. Act.Ap.19.12, 15, Apoc.16.14, Porph. ap. Eus.PE4.23, etc.; ἀλάλου καὶ κακοῦ π. οὖσα πλήρης (sc. ἡ Πυθία) Plu.2.438b.VI Rhet., sentence declaimed in one breath, Hermog.Inv.3.10,4.4,al. -
9 προδείκνυμι
προδείκνῡμι ([suff] προδᾰν-ύω Hdt.1.209, 7.37), [ per.] 3sg. προδίκνυτι [pron. full] [δῐ] Epigr. in GDI5112 ([place name] Crete): [dialect] Ion.[tense] aor. - έδεξα (v. infr.):—A show by example, by doing something first,προδέξαντες σχῆμα, οἷόν τι ἔμελλε εὐπρεπέστατον φανέεσθαι ἔχουσα Hdt.1.60
; τὸν ζωστῆρα προδέξας having shown [the way of] the girdle, Id.4.10.II foreshow what is about to happen,πάντα τὰ ἐπιφερόμενα Hdt.1.209
;Ἕλλησι π. ὁ θεὸς ἔκλειψιν τῶν πολίων Id.7.37
, cf. 6.27;προφαίνει καρπὸν.. μέχρι τοῦ προδεῖξαι μόνον Thphr.CP1.13.10
: c. acc. et inf., make known beforehand that.., Th.3.47;π. ὅτι.. Plu.Phoc.28
; προδεδειγμένου it having been already shown, A.D Synt. 336.16.III point before one, σκήπτρῳ π. γαῖαν, of a blind man, S.OT 456; π. τὸ τόξον put it out before one, Luc.Herc.1, cf.Herm.68; π. δελεάσματα hold out baits, Them.Or.22.271c; π. χρεῶν ἀποκοπάς ib.7.91c.2 as a technical term of pugilists, χερσὶ π. make feints with the hands, Theoc.22.102; also in war, X.Eq.Mag.8.24;π. τινὰς ἐπιβολάς Plb.2.66.2
; of the cuttle-fish,π. εἰς τὸ πρόσθεν Arist. HA 621b34
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προδείκνυμι
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10 προθυμία
A readiness, willingness, eagerness, ᾗσι προθυμίῃσι [pron. full] [ῑ] pepoiqw/s Il.2.588; opp. ἀθυμία, X.Cyr.1.6.13;τῶν πέρι καί τινα ἐνάγει π. μαχόμενον ἀποθνῄσκειν Hdt.5.49
;προθυμίας οὐδὲν ἐλλείπεις A.Pr. 343
;μηδὲν ἀπολείπειν π. Pl.Lg. 961c
;οὐ μὴν ἀνήσω νῦν π. E.Hipp. 285
;π. ἐμβαλεῖν τινι X. Cyr.1.6.13
, etc.; πάσῃ π. with all zeal, Pl.R. 412e;διὰ τὴν π. Plb.1.20.15
; ὑπὸ προθυμίας by my eagerness, Pl.Phd. 91c: pl.,τὰς ἄγαν π. E.Or. 708
.2 c. gen. pers., ἐκ τῆς Κλεομένεος π. at his desire, Hdt. 6.65, cf. E.Hipp. 1329; κατὰ τὴν τούτου π. as far as his desire goes, Hdt.1.124; τοῦ θεοῦ προθυμίᾳ by the will of the god, E. Ion 1385; alsoἡ ἐμὴ π. Lys.12.99
.3 c. gen. objecti, πᾶσαν π. σωτηρίης.. παρεχόμενοι showing the utmost zeal to save it, Hdt.4.98; π. ἔργου readiness for action, will or purpose to act, S.Tr. 669, cf. E. IT 616;π. τοῦ ἐθέλειν κινδυνεύειν Pl.Lg. 697d
, cf. 935d, etc.4 π. ἔχειν, = προθυμεῖσθαι, Hdt.7.19, 53:c. inf.,ἔσχε π. στρατεύσασθαι Id.1.204
, cf. E.Tr. 689;πᾶσαν π. ἔχειν Pl.Prt. 327b
, cf. 361c: also c. part.,ἔφη πᾶσαν π. σχεῖν δεόμενος Id.Ti. 23d
; alsoπ. ἔχειν ὅπως.. Id.Mx. 247a
.II goodwill, ready kindness,Ἑλλήνων εἵνεκα ἔργον.. ἔργασμαι ὑπὸ προθυμίης Hdt.9.45
;εἴς τινας X.HG6.5.43
; πλείστην π. περὶ ὑμᾶς, π. πολλὴν περί σε, Id.An.7.6.11, 7.7.45;ὑπέρ τινων D.1.8
;π. ἐδείξαμεν Th.1.74
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προθυμία
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11 φροντίζω
A (troch.), etc.: [tense] pf.πεφρόντικα E.Alc. 773
, Eup.352, Ar.Ec. 263, etc.:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. φροντιοῦμαι, E.IT 343 (s.v.l.):— [voice] Pass., v. infr. IV: ([etym.] φροντίς):I abs., consider, reflect, take thought,φροντίζων εὑρίσκω Hdt.5.24
, cf. A.Pr. 1034, Supp. 418 (lyr.), Ar.Nu.75, al.;ζητεῖν καὶ φ. καὶ βουλεύεσθαι Isoc.9.41
; give heed, pay attention, Pl.R. 558a.2 to be thoughtful or anxious, πεφροντικὸς βλέπεις you look careworn, E.Alc. 773;τίς δ' ἔστιν ὁ.. φροντίζων; Phryn.
Com.21; τὸ πεφροντικός, as Subst., care, thought, Plu.2.983b.II with an object,1 c. acc. rei, consider, ponder,ἔχθος ἐμόν Thgn.1247
;Σωκράτης.. -ίζων τι ἕστηκε Pl.Smp. 220c
;δεινά.. τοῖς τεκοῦσι φροντίσαι A.Pers. 245
(troch.); [ ὀνείρατα] Hdt.7.16.β; devise,μηχανήν Id.5.67
;τοῦτο φ. ὅκως μὴ λείψομαι Id.7.8
.ά (nisi leg. τοῦτον); ἐκεῖνο δ' οὐ πεφροντίκαμεν, ὅτῳ τρόπῳ.. μνημονεύσομεν Ar.Ec. 263
; also directly folld. by a relat. clause,φ. ἥντιν' [ὁδὸν] ἴω προτέρην Thgn.912
;φ. πρὸς ἑωυτὸν ὡς δώσει Hdt.8.100
;ἐφρόντισ' ᾗ διέφθαρται βίος E. Hipp. 376
;φ. ὅ τι βούλεται ἑαυτὸν καλεῖν D.39.2
, cf. X.Mem.3.7.6; φ.τί ποτε τοῦτ' ἔστι Id.Cyr.3.3.32
; take thought that.., see to it that, ὅπως .. Pl.Ap. 29e, X.An.2.6.8, PHib.1.82.10 (iii B. C.); later ἵνα .. ib.43.7 (iii B. C.), Plb.2.8.8; ὡς .. PTeb.10.6, al. (ii B. C.): c. inf., Ep.Tit.3.8, BGU 8 ii 4 (iii A. D.), etc.: folld. by μή with subj.,φ. μὴ ἄριστον ᾖ Hdt.1.155
, cf. X.Mem.4.2.39, cf. infr. 111; οὐδὲν φ. εἰ .. Pl.Grg. 503a; φ. εἴτε.., εἴτε .. Id.R. 344e: c. inf., Plu.Fab.12: c. part.,φροντίζεθ' ὡς μαχούμενοι S.El. 1370
.2 c. gen., take thought for, give heed to a thing, regard it, mostly with a neg. expressed or implied,σοὶ δ' ἔμεθεν μὲν ἀπήχθετο φροντίσδην Sapph. 41
(s.v.l.);Περσέων οὐδὲν φ. Hdt.3.97
, cf. 100, 151, 4.167;γῆ αὐχμοῦ φροντίζουσα οὐδέν Id.4.198
;Πενθέως οὐ φροντίσας E.Ba. 637
(troch.);μηδὲν ὅρκου φροντίσῃς Ar.Lys. 915
;τῶν οἰκετῶν.. μηδὲν φ. Lys.7.17
; μησενὸς ἄλλου φ., πλὴν ὅπως .. Isoc.15.305; ;τὸ παράπαν θεῶν μὴ φ. Id.Lg. 701c
; conversely, τοὺς θεοὺς φ. οὐδὲν τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων ib. 888c, cf. Men.Epit. 552: so with Advbs. implying a neg.,σμικρὰ φ. ὄχλου E.Or. 801
(troch.);ὀλίγον φ. δεσποτῶν Id.Cyc. 163
;σμικρὸν φ. Σωκράτους Pl.Phd. 91c
; also without neg.,οὗπερ δεῖ μάλιστα φ. E.Heracl. 242
;τοῦ μὲν ὀνόματος φ., τοῦ δὲ πράγματος ἀμελεῖν And.4.27
;σφόδρα σοῦ φ. X.Mem.3.11.10
;εἰ σοφὸς ἀνὴρ ταφῆς φροντιεῖ Demetr.Lac.Herc.1012.26
; later, to be steward or bailiff,τῶν ὑπαρχόντων τινός BGU300.4
(ii A. D.): so with Preps., φ. περί τινος to be concerned or anxious about,σφέων αὐτῶν πέρι Hdt.8.36
, cf. X.Mem.1.1.12, E.Hipp. 709;ὑπέρ τινος Pl.Euthphr.4d
;ὑπὲρ σωτηρίας D.1.2
; less freq. in this sense c. acc. only, [Σωκράτης] τἄλλα μὲν πεφρόντικεν Eup.352
;ἄλλο οὐδὲν φροντίζειν Pl.Grg. 501e
;ἀλλ' οὐ τὰ βίου.. δεῖ φροντίσαι Men.330
;ἡ δ' ἐφρόντισ' οὐδὲ ἕν Cratin. 302
(troch.).b later, see to, provide for, furnish, σιτάριον, χρήσιμα, ZUP73.5, 69.2 (both ii B. C.);τὰ ἐπιβάλλοντα τῇ ἑορτῇ BGU845.18
(ii A. D.);μηδὲν φροντίσας Pherecr.80
.c c. acc. et part., (anap.).3 the object is freq. unexpressed, ἐφρόντιζε ἱστορέων, i. e. inquired carefully, Hdt.1.56; οἲ τοὺς φίλους βλάπτοντες οὐ φροντίζετε who though ye do mischief to your friends reck not of it, E.Hec. 256; μὴ φροντίσῃς heed it not Ar.V. 228;οὐ, μὰ Δἴ, οὐδ' ἐφρόντισα Id.Ra. 493
, cf. 650, Pl. 215, 704; c. part.,τοιαῦτα.. γιγνόμενα.. ὁρῶντες οὐδὲν φροντίζετε And.4.23
.III [voice] Med. in signf. 11.1, φροντιζόμενον μή .. X.Hier.7.10: c. acc., E.IT 343 (s. v. l.).IV later in [voice] Pass., to be an object of thought or care, πεφροντισμένος carefully thought out;λόγος D.S.15.78
, 16.32;λόγοι πεφρ. εὖ Philostr.VS1.11
;τρέφονται τροφῇ πεφροντισμένῃ Ael.NA7.9
; of a ward, (ii A. D.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φροντίζω
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12 ἀντιποιέω
A do in return, ;ἀντ' εὖ ποιεῖν Id.Grg. 520e
;οἱ μὴ ἀντιποιοῦντες εὖ Arist.Rh. 1397b7
;κακῶς μὲν πάσχοντας, ἀντιποιεῖν δὲ οὐ δυναμένους X.An.3.3.12
, cf. ib.7;ἀ. κακῶς τὸν ἄρξαντα Muson.Fr.10p.56H.
;ἀ. τὸ αὐτό Arist.EN 1138a22
:—[voice] Pass., to have done to one in turn, LXXLe.24.19.II [voice] Med. ([tense] aor. [voice] Pass. in Luc. DMort.29.2), c. gen., exert oneself about a thing, seek after it,ἀ. τῶν σπουδαίων Isoc.1.2
; lay claim to,τῆς πόλεως Th.4.122
;ἀρετῆς Isoc. 6.7
; τῆς τέχνης, τῶν νικητ ηρίων, Pl.Men. 90d, Phlb. 23a;τοῦ πρωτεύειν D.10.52
;τῆς θαλάττης Antiph.190.11
;τῶν ἐν τῇ Ἑλλάδι πραγμάτων D.Chr.11.62
; : also c. inf., ἀ. ἐπίστασθαί τι lay claim to knowing.., Pl.Men. 91c, cf. Hp.Mi. 363a: c. acc.,τὴν κληρονομίαν Michel546.16
(Cappad., i B. C.).2 contend with one for a thing,ἀ. τινὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς X.An. 2.1.11
, 2.3.23; more rarely τινὶ περί τινος ib.5.2.11;τινὸς πρός τινα Arr.Epict.1.29.9
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀντιποιέω
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13 ἀντιτείνω
II intr., act or strive against, resist,ἐπιβουλίᾳ Pi.N.4.37
;τινί Hdt.7.161
, Pl.R. 547b, etc.;παντὶ λόγῳ Id.Phd. 91c
; , Arist. EN 1126b15 ( πρός = with respect to): abs., Hdt.7.219, S.Ant. 714, etc.;οὐκ ἀντέτεινον, ἀλλ' εἶκον Hdt.8.3
;ὑπείκει καὶ οὐκ ἀ. Pl.Lg. 727d
; pulling one against the other,Hp.
Fract.15.2 of countries and places, lie over against, τινι Plu.Them.8.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀντιτείνω
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14 ἀποφράσσω
A = ἀποφράγνυμι, block up, stop up, Hp.Carn.18, Mul.1.1;τὰς διεξόδους Pl.Ti. 91c
;ἀ. καὶ παροικοδομεῖν D.55.17
;τὰς φυγάς Onos.32
:—[voice] Med., ἀποφάρξασθαι αὐτούς bar their passage, Th.8.104.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀποφράσσω
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15 ἄκαρπος
ἄκαρπ-ος, ον,A without fruit, barren, E.Fr.898.8, Pl.Ti. 91c; ἄ. ξύλον, = ἀκακία, LXX Is.41.19: c. gen.,λίμνη ἄ. ἰχθύων Paus. 5.7.3
.II [voice] Act., making barren, A.Eu. 942, cf. Max. Tyr.5.4.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἄκαρπος
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16 ἐγκαταλείπω
A leave behind, ;ἐ. φρουρὰν ἐν τῇ νήσῳ Th.3.51
;πλεῖον ἐ. ἐξιόντες ἐκ τῆς ὠνῆς PRev.Laws 53.12
; ἐ. τὸ κέντρον, of a bee, Pl.Phd. 91c: hence of Pericles, ;ἐ. τὴν μάχαιραν ἐν τῇ σφαγῇ Antipho 5.69
.2 leave in the lurch, Pl.Smp. 179a, Lycurg.2, D.57.58, Ev.Matt.27.46, Lyr.Alex.Adesp.4.22, etc.; abandon,νεκροὺς Th.4.44
;ἀκρόπολιν X.HG5.4.13
.3 leave out, omit, Hdt.3.119.II [voice] Pass., to be left behind in a race, Hdt.8.59.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐγκαταλείπω
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17 ἐπιτέχνημα
A contrivance, Ael.NA12.16 : pl., devices, Ptol.Alm.13.2, Jul.Or.2.91c.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπιτέχνημα
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18 ὅπως
ὅπως, [dialect] Ep. also and [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὅππως, [dialect] Ion. [full] ὅκως, [dialect] Dor. [full] ὁπῶς acc. to A.D.Adv.173.11: correlat. to ὡς and πῶς.A ADV. OF MANNER, Relat. as, in such manner as, and with interrog. force how, in what manner, rarely indef., v. infr. A. V.B FINAL CONJUNCTION, in such a manner that, in order that.A ADV. OF MANNER, how, as:1 with the ordinary Constr. of the Relat.:a with ind.,ἦ τοι νόστον, ὅπως φρεσὶ σῇσι μενοινᾷς, ὥς τοι Ζεὺς τελέσειεν Od.15.111
;οὕτως ὅ... S.Tr. 330
;ὧδ' ὅ. Id.El. 1301
;οὕτως ὅ. δύνανται Th.7.67
: sts. an analogous word replaces the antec. Adv., με τοῖον ἔθηκεν, ὅπως (for οἷον)ἐθέλει Od.16.208
: freq. without any antec. expressed, ἔλθοι ὅ... ἐθέλω (sc. αὐτὸν ἐλθεῖν) 14.172 ;ἔρξον ὅ. ἐθέλεις Il.4.37
, Od.13.145 ;χρῶ ὅ. βούλει X.Cyr.8.3.46
; ποίει ὅ. ἄριστόν σοι δοκεῖ εἶναι ib.4.5.50 ; ὅ. ἔχω as I am, on the spot, S. Ph. 819.b with [tense] fut. ind., esp. after Verbs of seeing, providing, taking care.., in the manner in which, how, that,οἱ Περσικοὶ νόμοι ἐπιμέλονται ὅπως μὴ τοιοῦτοι ἔσονται οἱ πολῖται X.Cyr.1.2.3
; ; .ά, cf. Pl.Ap. 29e ; ;τοῦτο μηχανᾶσθαι ὅπως ἀποφεύξεται πᾶν ποιῶν θάνατον Pl.Ap. 39a
;τούτου στοχαζόμενοι, ὅπως.. ἔσονται Id.Grg. 502e
(cf. infr.111.1 b, etc.): this [tense] fut. ind. may become opt. after a historical tense,ἐπεμελεῖτο ὅπως μήτε ἄσιτοι μήτε ἄποτοί ποτε ἔσοιντο X.Cyr.8.1.43
, cf. HG7.5.3, Cyr.8.1.10, Oec.7.5, Ages.2.8 ; and ὅπως is freq. used interchangeably with such forms as δι' ὧν, ὅτῳ τρόπῳ, etc.,εἰσηγοῦνται μὴ δι' ὧν.. ἀσκήσουσιν, ἀλλ' ὅπως.. δόξουσι Isoc.1.4
, cf. Th.6.11: this sense easily passes into a final sense, so that,τοῦτο ἀπόβαλε οὕτω ὅκως μηκέτι ἥξει Hdt.3.40
; οὕτω δ' (sc. ποίει) , cf. Ar.Ra. 905, X.Cyr.4.5.25, HG 2.4.17 ; v. infr. B.2 with ἄν ([dialect] Ep. κε ) and subj. in indefinite sentences, in whatever way, just as, however,ὅππως κεν ἐθέλῃσιν Il.20.243
(but ὅπως ἐθέλῃσιν (without κε) Od.1.349, 6.189) ;οὕτως ὅκως ἂν καὶ δυνώμεθα Hdt.8.143
;οὕτως ὅπως ἂν αὐτοὶ βούλωνται X.Cyr.1.1.2
, cf. IG22.1.13 (v B. C.), Pl.Phd. 116a, Smp. 174b, etc.b with opt. after historical tenses,οὕτως ὅ. τύχοιεν Th.8.95
;ὅ. βούλοιντο X.HG 2.3.13
; in a gnomic statement,εἰκῇ κράτιστον ζῆν ὅ. δύναιτό τις S. OT 979
: when ἄν appears with the opt., it belongs to the Verb and not to ὅπως, ὅ. ἄν τις ὀνομάσαι τοῦτο however one might think fit to call it, D.13.4.3 a very common phrase is οὐκ ἔστιν ὅ. ( οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅπως ) there is no way in which.., it cannot be that,οὐκ ἔστι ὅκως κοτὲ σοὺς δέξονται λόγους Hdt.7.102
, cf. Ar.Pl.18, D.18.208, al.; so οὐκ ἔστιν ὅ. οὐ, fieri non potest quin,οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅ. οὐ πιστὸν ἐξ ὑμῶν πτερὸν ἐξήγαγ' S.OC97
, cf. Ar.Ach. 116, Eq. 426, Th. 882, Pl.Ap. 27e ; οὐδαμῶς ὅ. οὐ, in answer, it must positively be so, Id.Tht. 160d ; so alsoοὐκ ἂν γένοιτο τοῦθ' ὅ... οὐ φανῶ S.OT 1058
; οὐ γὰρ γένοιτ' ἄν, ταῦθ' ὅ. οὐχ ὧδ' ἔχειν (anacoluth. for ἔχει or ἕξει) Id.Aj. 378 : so in questions, ἔσθ' ὅ... ἔλθωμεν; Ar.V. 471 (v.l. -οιμεν) ; ἔστιν οὖν ὅ. ὁ τοιοῦτος φιλοσοφήσει; Pl.R. 495a, cf. Phdr. 262b, Tht. 154c : so, besides ind. of all tenses, οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅ. may be folld. by opt. withἄν, οὐ γάρ ἐσθ' ὅπως μί' ἡμέρα γένοιτ' ἂν ἡμέραι δύο Ar.Nu. 1181
, cf. V. 212, Isoc.12.156, Pl.La. 184c: by ind. withἄν, οὐκ ἔστιν ὅπως ἂν.. κατέστησαν Isoc. 15.206
, cf. D.33.28 : ἄν is omitted inοὐκ ἔσθ' ὅπως λέξαιμι A.Ag. 620
, cf. E.Alc.52, Ar.V. 471 (v.l. ἔλθωμεν).4 in Trag., etc., like ὡς in comparisons, ;γῄτης ὅπως S.Tr.32
, cf. 442, 683 ;ὅπως δρῦν ὑλοτόμοι σχίζουσι κάρα Id.El.98
(anap.) ; ὅπως ἁ πάνδυρτος ἀηδών ib. 1076 (lyr.), cf. Ph. 777, E.Andr. 1140 ;ὅκως τις καλλίης κάτω κύπτων Herod.3.41
; so in [dialect] Locr. Prose,ὅπω (ς) ξένον IG9(1).334.2
(V B.C.).5 like ὡς or ὅτι, with [comp] Sup. of Advs.,ὅ. ἄριστα A.Ag. 600
, IG12.44.8, etc.; ὅ. ἀνωτάτω as high up as possible, Ar. Pax 207 ; in full, οὕτως ὅ. ἥδιστα (sc. ἔχει) S.Tr. 330.6 with a gen. added, σοῦσθε ὅ. ποδῶν run as you are off for feet, i. e. as quick as you can, A.Supp. 837 (lyr., where however < ἔχετε> shd. prob. be added); v. infr. 111.10, ἔχω (A) B. 11.2b.7 sts. of Time, when,Τρῶες.. ὅπως ἴδον αἷμ' Ὀδυσῆος.., ἐπ' αὐτῷ πάντες ἔβησαν Il.11.459
, cf. 12.208, Od.3.373: freq. in Hdt. with opt., whenever, , cf. 68, 100, 162, 186, 2.13, 174, al.: in Trag. and Com., A.Pers. 198, S.El. 749, Tr. 765, Ar.Nu. 60 : with [comp] Sup. of Advs.,ὅ. πρῶτα
as soon as,Hes.
Th. 156 ;ὅ. ὤκιστα Thgn.427
;ὅ. τάχιστα A.Pr. 230
.8 of Place, where, dub. in Herod.3.75.II ὅπως is sts. used to introduce the substance of a statement, after Verbs of saying, thinking, or perceiving, that, how,λόγῳ ἀνάπεισον ὅκως.. Hdt.1.37
;οὐδὲ φήσω ὅκως.. Id.2.49
, cf. 3.115, 116 ;τοῦτ' αὐτὸ μή μοι φράζ', ὅπως οὐκ εἶ κακός S.OT 548
, cf. Ant. 223, Pl.Euthd. 296e ; after ἐλπίζειν, S.El. 963, E.Heracl. 1051 ; after Verbs of emotion, ἐμοὶ δ' ἄχος.., ὅπως δὴ δηρὸν ἀποίχεται grief is mine, when I think how.. (i. e. that..), Od.4.109, cf. S.Ph. 169 (lyr.); after θαυμάζω freq. in [dialect] Att.,θαυμάζω ὅ. ποτὲ ἐπείσθησαν Ἀθηναῖοι X.Mem.1.1.20
, cf. Pl.Cri. 43a.2 οὐχ ὅ... ἀλλὰ or ἀλλὰ καὶ.. is not only not.. but.., and is expld. by an ellipsis of λέγω or ἐρῶ (cf. ὅτι IV), οὐχ ὅ. κωλυταὶ.. γενήσεσθε, ἀλλὰ καὶ.. δύναμιν προσλαβεῖν περιόψεσθε not only will you not become.., but you will also.., Th.1.35, cf. X.HG5.4.34, D.6.9 ;οὐχ ὅ. ὑμῖν τῶν αὑτοῦ τι ἐπέδωκεν, ἀλλὰ τῶν ὑμετέρων πολλὰ ὑφῄρηται Lys.30.26
;οὐχ ὅ. τούτων χάριν ἀπέδοσαν, ἀλλ' ἀπολιπόντες ὑμᾶς εἰς τὴν Λακεδαιμονίων συμμαχίαν εἰσῆλθον Isoc.14.27
, cf. D.18.131, 53.13 ;οὐ γὰρ ὅπως.., ἀλλὰ καὶ.. Id.21.11
;οὔκουν ὅπως.., ἀλλὰ.. X.Cyr.8.2.12
; alsoοὐχ ὅ..., ἀλλ' οὐδέ.., οὐχ ὅ. ἀδικοῦντες, ἀλλ' οὐδ' ἐπιδημοῦντες ἐφυγαδευόμεθα Id.HG2.4.14
;οὐχ ὅ. τῆς κοινῆς ἐλευθερίας μετέχομεν, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ δουλείας μετρίας τυχεῖν ἠξιώθημεν Isoc.14.5
;διμοιρίαν λαμβάνων ἐν ταῖς θοίναις οὐχ ὅπως ἀμφοτέραις ἐχρῆτο, ἀλλὰ διαπέμπων οὐδετέραν αὑτῷ κατέλειπε X.Ages.5.1
;οὐχ ὅ. ζημιοῦν, ἀλλὰ μηδ' ἀτιμάζειν.. Th.3.42
: so sts. μὴ ὅ. (where an imper. must be supplied), μὴ ὅ. ὀρχεῖσθαι ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ὀρθοῦσθαι ἐδύνασθε do not think that you could dance = so far from being able to dance, X.Cyr.1.3.10.b οὐχ ὅ. rarely follows another clause, to say nothing of.., let alone..,πεπαύμεθ' ἡμεῖς, οὐχ ὅ. σε παύσομεν S.El. 796
; μηδ' ἐμπίδα, οὐχ ὅπως ταῦρον ἔτι ἄρασθαι δυνάμενος.. let alone a bull, Luc.Cont.8, cf. Prom.8, Pr.Im.7, Pisc. 31.1 with ind.,aἔσπετε νῦν μοι ὅππως δὴ.. πῦρ ἔμπεσε νηυσίν Il.16.113
;εἴπ' ἄγε μ'.. ὅππως τούσδ' ἵππους λάβετον 10.545
;εὖ μοι κατάλεξον ὅπως ἤντησας Od.3.97
;ὅπως ἠφανίσθη οὐδὲ λόγῳ εἰκότι δύνανται ἀποφαίνειν Antipho 5.26
;Ἀλκιβιάδης ἀνήχθη.. ἐπὶ κατασκοπὴν.. τοῦ οἴκαδε κατάπλου ὅπως ἡ πόλις πρὸς αὐτὸν ἔχοι X.HG1.4.11
; , etc.b notably [tense] fut. after Verbs of deliberation (like the subj., v. infr. 2), ; φράζευ ὅπως Δαναοῖσιν ἀλεξήσεις κακὸν ἦμαρ (v.l. ἀλεξήσῃς) 9.251, cf. Od.13.376, 386, 19.557, 20.29,39.2 with deliberative subj. after Verbs of deliberation, taking care, and the like ,λεύσσει ὅπως ὄχ' ἄριστα.. γένηται Il.3.110
; ἐνόησεν (gnomic [tense] aor.)ὅππως κέρδος ἔῃ 10.225
;ἀλλ' ἄγεθ' ἡμεῖς οἵδε περιφραζώμεθα πάντες νόστον ὅπως ἔλθῃσι Od.1.77
, cf. 13.365 ;οὐκ οἶδ' ὅπως.. φῶ S.OT 1367
, cf. Aj. 428, Lys.8.5, Pl.Men. 91d ;ἐπιμελητέον ὅπως τρέφωνται οἱ ἵπποι X.Eq.Mag.1.3
, cf. Oec.7.36,37,9.14, 15.1, Pl.Grg. 515c.—Sts. the [tense] fut. and subj. are conjoined without difference of meaning,ἐπράττετο γὰρ.., πρῶτον μὲν ὅπως μὴ περιμείνητε.., δεύτερον δὲ ὅπως ψηφιε̄σθε.., τρίτον δὲ ὅπως μὴ ἔσται Aeschin.3.65
, cf. X. Ages.7.7, Mem.2.2.10.—On ὅπως ἄν (κεν), v. infr. 5.3 with opt. after tenses of past time, τῶν ἀδῄλων ὅπως ἀποβήσοιτο ib.1.3.2, etc.: after Verbs of deliberation, being virtually orat. obliq., μερμήριξε.. Ἥρη ὅπως ἐξαπάφοιτο (orat. rect. πῶς ἐξαπάφωμαι;) Il.14.160 ;μερμήριζεν ὅπως ἀπολοίατο πᾶσαι νῆες Od.9.554
, cf. 420 ;οὐ γὰρ εἴχομεν.. ὅπως δρῶντες καλῶς πράξαιμεν S.Ant. 271
; , cf. 13.32, X.Cyr.6.2.11.4 with opt. and ἄν freq. expressing a wish, which in orat. rect. would be expressed byπῶς ἄν, σκόπει ὅ. ἂν ἀποθάνοιμεν ἀνδρικώτατα Ar.Eq.81
(v.l. ἀποθάνωμεν), cf. Nu. 760 ;βουλευόμενοι ὅ. ἂν τὴν ἡγεμονίαν λάβοιεν τῆς Ἑλλάδος X.HG7.1.33
, cf. Cyr.2.1.4 ; τῶν ἄλλων ἐπιμελεῖται ὅ. ἂν θηρῷεν (v.l. -ῶσιν) ib.1.2.10: the opt. with ἄν and subj. sts. appear in consecutive clauses, Id.HG3.2.1.5 ὅπως ἄν (κεν) with the subj. is used after imper. or inf. used as imper., ;φράζεσθαι.., ὅππως κε μνηστῆρας.. κτείνῃς 1.295
;σκοπεῖτε.., ὅ. ἂν ὑμῖν πρᾶγος εὖ νικᾷ τόδε A.Supp. 233
, etc.;φύλασσε.. ἔπειθ' ὅ. ἂν.. ἡ χάρις.. ἐξ ἁπλῆς διπλῆ φανῇ S.Tr. 618
, cf. E.IA 539 : in Prose,ἐπιμεληθῆναι ὅ. ἂν.. X.Cyr.8.3.6
, cf. Pl.Prt. 326a;μηχανᾶσθαι Id.Phdr. 239b
, Grg. 481a, cf. Ar.Eq. 917.6 rarely c. inf.,ἐπιμελήθητε προθύμως ὅπως διπλάσια.. σῖτα καὶ ποτὰ παρασκευασθῆναι X.Cyr.4.2.37
(v.l. -εσκευασμένα ᾖ), cf. Oec.7.29, HG6.2.32; so later ὅπως παρακολουθῆμεν ([dialect] Dor. inf.) Supp.Epigr.1.170.18 (cf. p.138, Delph., ii B. C.); ὅπως.. ἔχειν, ὅπως.. εἴργεσθαι, D.S.20.4,85;ὅπως πέμπιν PTeb.315.30
(ii A. D.).7 after Verbs of fear and caution, ὅπως and ὅπως μή are used with [tense] fut. ind. or [tense] aor. subj. :— the readings are freq. uncertain: the following (among others) are made certain either by the metre or the form,a with [tense] fut. ind.,δέδοιχ' ὅπως μὴ τεύξομαι Ar.Eq. 112
;παντὶ λόγῳ ἀντιτείνετε εὐλαβούμενοι ὅπως μὴ.. οἰχήσομαι Pl.Phd. 91c
;φόβος.. ἔστιν.. ὅπως μὴ αὖθις διασχισθησόμεθα Id.Smp. 193a
: sts. the preceding Verb is omitted,ὅπως μὴ οὐκ.. ἔσομαι Id.Men. 77a
.b with [tense] aor. subj.,τὴν θεὸν δ' ὅ. λάθω δέδοικα E.IT 995
;φυλάττου, ὅ. μὴ εἰς τοὐναντίον ἔλθῃς X.Mem.3.6.16
: rarely with [tense] pres.,οὐ φοβεῖ ὅ. μὴ ἀνόσιον πρᾶγμα τυγχάνῃς πράττων Pl.Euthphr.4e
: sts. the preceding Verb is omitted, with [tense] aor. subj.,ὅκως μή τι ὑμῖν πανώλεθρον κακὸν ἐς τὴν χώρην ἐσβάλωσι Hdt.6.85
: with [tense] pres. subj.,ὅπως μὴ.. ᾖ τοῦτο Pl.Cra. 430d
.c with opt. representing subj. after a historical tense, X. Mem.2.9.3.8 this Constr. is used in admonitions or commands: in the orig. Constr. a Verb implying caution or circumspection precedes,ὅρα ὅκως μή σευ ἀποστήσονται Πέρσαι Hdt.3.36
;ἄθρει.. ὅπως μὴ ἐκδύσεται Ar.V. 141
; τηρώμεσθ' ὅπως μὴ.. αἰσθήσεται ib. 372 : but this came to be omitted, and ὅπως or ὅπως μή with [tense] fut. ind. or [tense] aor. subj. are exactly = the imper.,ἔμβα χὤπως ἀρεῖς Id.Ra. 378
(lyr.): most freq. with [tense] fut. ind., ὅκως λόγον δώσεις τῶν μετεχείρισας χρημάτων, = δίδου λόγον, Hdt.3.142 ; ὅπως παρέσει μοι, = πάρισθι, Ar.Av. 131 ;ὅπως πετήσει Id. Pax77
, cf. X.An.1.7.3, Lys.1.21, 12.50, Pl.Grg. 489a, etc.: rarely with I pers.,ὁποῖα κισσὸς δρυός, ὅπως τῆσδ' ἕξομαι E.Hec. 398
, cf. Ar.Ec. 297 (lyr.): very rarely with [tense] aor. subj.,ὅπως μή τι ἡμᾶς σφήλῃ Pl.Euthd. 296a
codd.;ὅπως μὴ.. ἐξαπατήσῃ Id.Prt. 313c
;ὅπως μὴ ποιήσητε D.4.20
codd.—The codd. freq. vary, as between διδάξεις and ; τιμωρήσονται and- ωνται Th.1.56
; πράξομεν and - ωμεν ib.82 ; θορυβήσει and- σῃ D.13.14
, etc.—Since the [tense] fut. is frequently, and the [tense] aor. (whether 1 or 2) rarely guaranteed by metre or form, the [tense] aor. 1 forms shd. prob. be rejected, both in signf. 7 and 8, in cases where codd. vary.9 as the echo to a preceding πῶς; in dialogue, A καὶ πῶς; B ὅπως; [do you ask] how? Ar. Eq. 128; A πῶς με χρὴ καλεῖν; B ὅπως; Id.Nu. 677, cf. Pl. 139.IV in direct questions, how? ἔπραξας ὅπως; Jul.Ep.82p.106B.-C.; cf. ὅστις.V indef., anyhow, τὸ οὐδ' ὅ. the expression 'not at all', Pl.Tht. 183b (v.l. οὐδ' οὕτως).B FINAL CONJUNCTION, that, in order that, the original notion of modality being merged in that of purpose or design, cf. ἵνα, with which it is sts. interchanged, Antipho 1.23 and 24, And.3.14, Lycurg. 119 sq.:—in early [dialect] Att. Inscrr. only ὅπως ἄν is used, IG12.39.19, al. ; ὅπως without ἄν only once in cent. iv B. C., ib.22.226.42 (343 B.C.), after which it becomes gradually prevalent:1 with subj.,a after primary tenses, or after subj. or imper.,τὸν δὲ μνηστῆρες.. λοχῶσιν, ὅπως ἀπὸ φῦλον ὄληται Od.14.181
, cf. A.Ch. 873, S.Ph. 238, El. 457, X.Mem.2.10.2, etc.b after historical tenses (v.ἵνα B. 1.1b
), when there is no [tense] pf. form, or when the [tense] aor. represents the [tense] pf., ξυνελέγημεν ἐνθάδε, ὅ. προμελετήσωμεν we were convened, i. e. we have met in assembly, Ar.Ec. 117 ;παρήλθομεν.., ὅπως μὴ χεῖρον βουλεύσησθε Th.1.73
; also when the occurrence purposed is regarded from the point of view of the person purposing, ἦλθον πρεσβευσόμενοι, ὅπως μὴ σφίσι.. τὸ αὐτῶν [ναυτικὸν] ἐμπόδιον γένηται ib.31, cf. 57,65, etc.: sts. the opt. and subj. appear in consecutive clauses,φρυκτοὺς παρεσκευασμένους ἐς αὐτὸ τοῦτο, ὅπως ἀσαφῆ τὰ σημεῖα.. ᾖ καὶ μὴ βοηθοῖεν Id.3.22
, cf. 6.96, 7.17.2 with opt. after historical tenses,πὰρ δέ οἱ αὐτὸς ἔστη, ὅπως.. κῆρας ἀλάλκοι Il.21.548
; more freq. in Od., as 13.319, 14.312, 18.160, 22.472; so in S.OT 1005, OC 1305, X.Cyr.1.4.25, Pl.Ti. 77e, etc.: after historical [tense] pres.,πέμπει τούσδ' ὅπως κτείνοιεν A.Pers. 450
;ἡγεμόνα πέμπει ὅπως ἄγοι X.An.4.7.19
: after opt.,ἔλθοι.. ὅ. γένοιτο A.Eu. 297
, cf. S.Aj. 1221 (lyr.).3 with ind.,a of historical tenses, where the principal clause expresses an action or obligation unfulfilled,εἴθ' εἶχε φωνὴν ἔμφρον' ἀγγέλου δίκην, ὅ. δίφροντις οὖσα μὴ 'κινυσσόμην A.Ch. 196
, cf. S.El. 1134: rare in Prose,ἐδεξάμην ἃν.. φράσαι πρὸς ὑμᾶς.., ὅ... προῄδετε And.2.21
; τίς οὐκ ἂν.. ταῦτα ἐδήλωσεν, ὅ... ταῦτα ἠλέγχθη; D.36.20;οὐκοῦν ἐχρῆν σε Πηγάσου ζεῦξαι πτερόν, ὅ. ἐφαίνου τοῖς θεοῖς τραγικώτερος Ar. Pax 135
; τί.. οὐκ ἔρριψ' ἐμαυτὴν.. ὅ. ἀπηλλάγην; A.Pr. 749.b of [tense] fut., θέλγει, ὅ. Ἰθάκης ἐπιλήσεται (= φραζομένη ὅπως ἐ.) Od.1.57, cf. Il.1.136 ;[χρὴ] ἀναβιβάζειν ἐπὶ τὸν τροχὸν τοὺς ἀπογραφέντας, ὅ. μὴ πρότερον νὺξ ἔσται And.1.43
;ἐμισθώσατο τοῦτον.., ὅ. συνερεῖ D.19.316
: sts. [tense] fut. ind. and [tense] aor. subj. are conjoined,σιγᾶθ', ὅ. μὴ πεύσεταί τις, ὦ τέκνα, γλώσσης χάριν δὲ πάντ' ἀπαγγείλῃ τάδε A. Ch. 265
.II ὅπως c. subj. is sts. used after Verbs of will and endeavour, instead of the inf.,λίσσεσθαι.. ὅ. νημερτέα εἴπῃ Od.3.19
;αἰτεῖσθαι ὅ. μὴ καταψηφίσησθε Antipho 1.12
; δεήσεται.., ὅ. δίκην μὴ δῷ ib.23 ;ὅ. μὴ ἀποθάνῃ ἠντεβόλει Lys.1.29
; παρακελεύεσθε ὑμῖναὐτοῖς ὅ... ἐξίητε Lycurg.127
( ἔξιτε Rehdantz): withἄν, δεῖταί μου σφόδρα ὅπως ἂν οἰκουρῇ Ar.Ach. 1060
, cf. Hdt.2.126, 3.44 ;διεκελεύετο ὅπως ἂν.. ἐγγράφωσί με Is.7.27
; so δεῖ σ' ὅ. δείξεις (for δεῖξαι), S.Aj. 556, may be expld. as ellipsis for δεῖ σ' ὁρᾶν (σκοπεῖν) ὅπως, cf. Id.Ph.55 ;δεῖ σ' ὅπως.. μηδὲν διοίσεις.. Cratin.108
. -
19 ὑστέρα
A womb, Hp.VM22, Aph.5.22, Arist.HA 493a25, Thphr.HP9.13.3, Sor.1.2, etc.; freq. in pl. ὑστέραι, [dialect] Ion. gen. -έων, Hdt.4.109, Hp.Coac. 515, Pl.Ti. 91c:—with a play on the Adj. ὑστέρα (the second woman), Ath.13.585d.2 ovary of animals, Arist.GA 720a26, HA 511a22; of birds, ib. 564b21; reptiles, ib. 508a13; fishes, ib. 566a7. (Lit. the upper or protruding part, Skt. úttaras 'upper', [comp] Comp. of úd 'upwards'; so also Skt. udáram 'belly'; cf. ὕστρος· γαστήρ, Hsch.; or perh. ἡ ὑ. (sc. μήτρα or δελφύς) the back part.)
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