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1 ἁ̄λής

ἁ̄λής (ἀ̄λής)

Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `thronged, crowded' (Hdt.).

Other forms: The spiritus asper is uncertain: it is regular in ἁλής, but not for Dor. ἀλία.

Derivatives: ἁλίη, Dor. ἀλία `assembly of people'. From it Dor. ἀλιαία `id.', Att. ἡλιαία. The ἡ- in Att. ἡλιαία must be false Ionicism of a Dorian loanword (influence of ἥλιος?); s. Ed. Meyer Philol. 48, 187.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1138] * uel- `press (together)'

Etymology: Aeol. ἀολλής has the same meaning; if it is identical, they may go back to *ἁ-Ϝαλνής resp. *ἀ-Ϝολνής, with α copulativum (*sm̥-) and *-ul̥n-. ἀλανέως ὁλοσχερῶς, Ταραντῖνοι H. and αϜλανεως (meaning uncertain, Elis) might also be the same word. A hapax is ἀελλής, Γ 13 (full grade would be regular). One supposes a noun *Ϝέλ-νος `Gedränge, Menge', suffix as in ἔθνος, σμῆνος (Chantr. Form. 420), which would belong to εἴλω, q.v. Cf. ἅλις, ἀολλής.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἁ̄λής
2 ἀ̄λής

ἁ̄λής (ἀ̄λής)

Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `thronged, crowded' (Hdt.).

Other forms: The spiritus asper is uncertain: it is regular in ἁλής, but not for Dor. ἀλία.

Derivatives: ἁλίη, Dor. ἀλία `assembly of people'. From it Dor. ἀλιαία `id.', Att. ἡλιαία. The ἡ- in Att. ἡλιαία must be false Ionicism of a Dorian loanword (influence of ἥλιος?); s. Ed. Meyer Philol. 48, 187.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1138] * uel- `press (together)'

Etymology: Aeol. ἀολλής has the same meaning; if it is identical, they may go back to *ἁ-Ϝαλνής resp. *ἀ-Ϝολνής, with α copulativum (*sm̥-) and *-ul̥n-. ἀλανέως ὁλοσχερῶς, Ταραντῖνοι H. and αϜλανεως (meaning uncertain, Elis) might also be the same word. A hapax is ἀελλής, Γ 13 (full grade would be regular). One supposes a noun *Ϝέλ-νος `Gedränge, Menge', suffix as in ἔθνος, σμῆνος (Chantr. Form. 420), which would belong to εἴλω, q.v. Cf. ἅλις, ἀολλής.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀ̄λής
3 λαπαρός

λαπαρός

Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `weak, slack, hollow' (Hp., Arist.).

Derivatives: λαπαρότης `weakness' (Hp.); λαπάρη f. `the weak flanks', pl. `the flank(s)' (Il.). - Beside it λαπἁσσω, - ττω, (- ζω Ath., H.), aor. λαπάξαι, fut. λαπάξω `weaken, make hollow, sunken, void' (Hp.), also `destroy' (A.); from there λάπαξις `evacuation' (Arist., medic.), λαπαγμῶν ἐκκενώσεων H., λαπακτικός `evacuating' (medic.). - On λάπαθον `pitfall' s. v. With λαπαρός cf. λαγαρός, χαλαρός, πλα-δαρός etc. with the same suffix and the same meaning (Chantraine Form. 227); a basic primary verb may have been retained in ἔλαψα διέφθειρα. Κύπριοι H. Lengthened from there (after μαλάττω? cf. λαπάττων μαλάττων, λαγαρὸν ποιῶν H.) λαπάσσω, - ττω; the usual meaning `evacuate' arose in the language of the medics from `weaken, make hollow, sunken', referred to the stomach and the bowels. In the sense of `destroy' λαπάξειν, - ξαι agree with ἀλαπάζω, of which the relation to λαπάσσω, - ζω has not been explained; perhaps a cross with another word (Ruijgh L'élém. achéen 74f.).

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Outside cognates fail; cf. W.-Hofmann s. lepidus (cf. on λέπω, λεπτός); Alb. laps `tired'? (Jokl WienAkSb. 168: 1, 48; rejected in WP. 1, 92, Pok. 33).

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λαπαρός
4 νεκρός

νεκρός

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `corpse, the dead' (Il.), pl. `the dead' = `inhabitant of the Underworld' (Od., Th., LXX, NT), also attributive and adjectival (-ά, - όν) `dead' (hell.; Pi. Fr. 203 νεκρὸν ἵππον prob. predicative).

Compounds: Often as 1. member, e.g. νεκρο-δέγμων `receiving dead' (Α῝ιδης, A. Pr. 153 [lyr.]); rarely as 2. member, e.g. μυριό-νεκρος `with uncountable dead' ( μάχη, Plu.).

Derivatives: 1. Subst. νεκρών, - ῶνος m. (Tegea II^a, AP), νεκρια f. (hell. pap.; on the unknown accent Scheller Oxytonierung 46) `place of the dead, grave-yard'. 2. Adj. νεκρ-ιμαῖος `belonging to a corpse', τὸ ν. `corpse' (LXX; after θνησιμ-αῖος, Chantraine Form. 49, Mél. Maspero 2, 221); νεκρ-ικός `regarding the dead', τὰν. `inheritance' (Luc., Vett. Val.); νεκρ-ώδης `corpse-like' (Luc., Gal.). 3. Verb νεκρόομαι, - όω `die, kill, enervate' (late) with νέκρωσις `be dead, the killing' (late), - ώσιμα n. pl. = νεκύσια (church-writers, gloss.; Arbenz 93: θανάσιμος), - ώματα pl. `dead bodies' (Arist.-comm.), - ωτικός `causing death' (Gal.). -- In the same meaning νέκῡς (posthom. -ῠ-) m., also adj. `dead' (ep. poet Il., also Hdt. and Gortyn; νέκυρ νεκρός. Λάκωνες H.); some compp., e.g. νεκυο-μαντήϊον, - εῖον `oracle of the dead' (Hdt.), ἰσό-νεκυς `corpse-like' (E. Or. 200 [lyr.], after ἰσό-θεος, s. on ἴσος). Derivv.: νέκυια f. `offer to the dead, so as to call up the dead' (D. S., Plu., Nic.), abstractformation in - ιᾰ for -ίᾱ as ἀλήθεια for - εία etc. (cf. Solmsen Wortforsch. 248ff.); in the same meaning νεκυϊσμός (Man.; *νεκυΐζω; on the formations in - ισμός Chantraine Form. 142 ff.); νεκύσια n. pl. `feats of the dead' (hell. pap.; cf. θαλύσια, γενέσια and Stengel Herm. 43, 645ff.) with Νεκύσιος m. Cret. month-name (II^a); νεκυϊκός `belonging to the dead' (Cyran.); νεκύα f. plantname = φλόμος (Cyran.), because used in the conjuration of the dead; after καρύα, σικύα etc.; on νεκύδαλ(λ)ος s. v. -- Besides νέκες νεκροί H. with νεκ-άς, - άδος f. `heap of dead' (E 886, AP; like νιφάς etc. Bechtel Lex. s.v., Chantraine Form. 352). -- Not here νῶκαρ, - αρος n. s.v.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [762] *neḱ-(u-) `violent death, corpse'.

Etymology: The monosyllabic stem νέκ-ες agrees formally excatly to Lat. nex, necis f. `violent death, murder' and to GAv. nas- f. `need, distress', IE *neḱ-s. Also the u-stem in νέκ-υ-ς returns on Iranian soil in Av. nas-u-š gen. nas-āv-ō f. m. `corpse'; orig. the Gr. υ is short beside Iran. ŭ: āv (\< ou̯), Beeekes-Cuypers, Mnemosyne LVI(2003)485-391; wrong Schwyzer 463. Here perh. Lat. nequālia `detrimenta'. The alternatings r(o)-formation in νεκ-ρό-ς has no parallel outside Greek. ( νῶκαρ will rather be non-IE, i.e. Pre-Greek; Fur. 133; s.v.) Greek has no parallels to the primary verbs (e.g. Skt. náś-ya-ti, Toch. A näk-näṣ-tär `disappear, perish'). -- WP. 2, 326, Pok. 762, W.-Hofmann s. necō with further forms, Mayrhofer s. náśyati. -- Not here νέκταρ.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νεκρός
5 ὄμβρος

ὄμβρος

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `rain, shower, thunder rain', also `rainwater', metaph. `water' (Il.).

Compounds: As 1. member e.g. in ὀμβρο-φόρος `bringing rain' (A., Ar.); often as 2. member, e.g. ἔπ-, κάτ-ομβρος `rainy, wet because of rain' (Hp., Arist.; Strömberg Prefix Studies 108f., 145).

Derivatives: Several adj.: ὄμβρ-ιος `belonging to rain, like rain' (Pi., Ion.), - ηρός `wet' (Hes.), - ηλός `id.' (Theognost.: cf. ὑδρηλός and Chantraine Form. 242), - ώδης `abundant in rain' (Thphr.), - ικός `id.' (Vett. Val.), - ιμος = `belonging to rain, rainy' (Nic. Th. 388, v.l., PMag. Lond.; Arbenz 25); also ἀνομβρήεις `abundant in rain' (Nic. Al. 288, Ὄλυμπος, from ἀν-ομβρέω; cf. below). -- Subst. ὀμβρία f. `rain' (sch.; cf. ἀντλία, ὑετία a.o., Scheller Oxytonierung 54f.). -- Verbs: 1. ὀμβρέω, - ῆσαι, also with ἀν-, ἐπ- a.o., `to (make) rain, to bewet' (Hes., LXX, A. R.) with ( ἐπ-)όμβρησις f. `raining etc.' (Suid., sch.), ὄμβρημα n. `rainwater' (LXX); 2. ὀμβρίζω = - έω (Eust.); 3. ὀμβροῦται imbricitur (Gloss.).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]

Etymology: With ὄμβρος one compares first Lat. imber, - ris -n. `rain(shower)' with the same meaning with perh. second. i-flexion; Further, with slightly deviating meaning, Skt. abhrá-m n. `cloud'. One assumed that β after nasal could represent an aspirate, which is wrong (pace Schwyzer 333), so abhra- must be left out (for imber also * embhro- is possible). One assumed in these words an r-stem and beside it an s-stem, which was seen in Skt. ámbhas n. `water', also `rainwater' [for the same reason Arm. amb, amp, gen. -oy `cloud' must be left out.] -- There is no connection with νέφος, νεφέλη etc. -- Further several Europ. rivernames of Celt. origin(?) have been compared with ὄμβρος, e.g. NHG Amper, Engl. Amber. -- So wrong Pok. 315f. - So ομβρος has no etymology; Szemerenyi, Syncope 241f, 249 assumes a loanword (= a Pre-Greek word).

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὄμβρος
6 πατήρ

πατήρ, πατρός, πατέρα

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `father' (Il.); for the inflection Schwyzer 567.

Other forms: Myc. pate.

Compounds: Many compp., e.g. πατρο-φόνος `parricidal, parricide' (trag., Pl.) with metr. condit. acc. - ῆα (Od.), also - φόντης m. f. `id.' (S.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 24 n. 4 a. 239 n. 1), πατρ-αλοίας s. ἀλωή; ἀ-πάτωρ `fatherless' (trag., Pl.); Άπατούρια s. v. On the compp. Sommer Nominalkomp. 141 ff. (esp. ὄ-πατρος a. ὀβριμο-πάτρη; cf. s. vv.), Risch IF 59, 17.

Derivatives: 1. Dimin.: πατρ-ίδιον n. (com.), also πατέρ-ιον (Luc.) with - ίων m. (late; from voc. πάτερ; - ίων like μαλακ-ίων a.o.), Georgacas Glotta 36, 175f., Maas Mél. Bq 2, 130 f. -- 2. πάτρ-α, Ion. -η f. `paternal ancestry, tribe; native city, country, fatherland' (Il.; Wackernagel Festg. Kaegi 57ff. = Kl. Schr. 1, 485ff.). -- 3. πατρ-ιά, Ion. - ιή f. `paternal ancestry, lineage, family' (Hdt., El., Delph., LXX, NT; Wackernagel l.c., Scheller Oxytonierung 71 f.) with - ιώτης, Dor. - ιώτας, f. - ιῶτις `from the same lineage, native, fellow-countryman' (Att., Troizen, Delphi V^a), - ιωτικός `belonging to fellow-countrymen, fatherland' (Delphi IV^a, Arist.). -- 4. πάτρ-ιος `paternal, hereditary, customary' (Pi., IA.), f. πατρ-ίς `paternal, fatherland' (Il.); younger πατρ-ικός `paternal' (Democr., Att., hell.); in the same meaning also πατρώϊος s. on 7. πάτρως. -- 5. πατρ-όθεν `from one's father' (Il). -- 6. εὑ-πατρ-ίδης, Dor. - ίδας, f. - ις `of a noble father, noble', usu. as name of the Oldatt. nobles (trag., Att.), opposite κακο-πατρ-ίδας, f. - ις (Alc., Thgn.; Wackernagel Glotta 14, 50f. = Kl. Schr. 2, 858f.). -- 7. πάτρως, - ωος a. -ω m. `male relative, esp. father's brother, uncle' (Pi., Cret., Ion. Att.); formation like μήτρως (s.v.); Lat. patruus, Skt. pitr̥vyà- `id.' (e.g. Schmeja IF 68, 22). From it πατρώ-ϊος, πατρῳ̃ος `belonging to the paternal clan, paternal' = πάτρως, πατρικός (Il.), cf. μητρώ-ϊος and Wackernagel Festg. Kaegi 50ff. = Kl. Schr. 1,478ff.; on πατρικός also Chantraine Études (s. Index). -- 8. πατρωός m. `stepfather' (hell.; formation unclear); also πατρυιός (late, after μητρυιά, s.v.). -- 9. Verbs: πατερ-ίζω (Ar. V. 652) `to call father' (from voc.), - εύω `to hold office of πατηρ πόλεως (πατερ-ία)' (Miletos VI^p); πατρ-ῴζω `to take after one's father' (Philostr., Alciphr.; cf. μητρ-ῴζω), - ιάζω `id.' (Poll.); also *πατρίζω \> lat. patrissāre `id.' (Leumann Die Sprache 1, 207 = Kl. Schr. 174). -- On πατήρ w. derivv. also Chantraine REGr. 59-60, 219ff.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [829] *ph₂tēr `father'

Etymology: Old inherited word for `father' (as head of the family), in most IE languages retained, e.g. Skt. pitár-, Lat. pater, Germ., e.g. Goth. fadar. With πάτριος agree Skt. pítriya und Lat. patrius; with ὁμο-πάτωρ, - πάτριος `from the same father' (Att. resp. Ion. Att.) OPers. hama-pitar- resp. OWNo. sam-feðr; on possible cognates of πάτρως s. above 7. -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP. 2, 4, Pok. 829 and in separate dictionaries.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πατήρ
7 πατρός

πατήρ, πατρός, πατέρα

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `father' (Il.); for the inflection Schwyzer 567.

Other forms: Myc. pate.

Compounds: Many compp., e.g. πατρο-φόνος `parricidal, parricide' (trag., Pl.) with metr. condit. acc. - ῆα (Od.), also - φόντης m. f. `id.' (S.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 24 n. 4 a. 239 n. 1), πατρ-αλοίας s. ἀλωή; ἀ-πάτωρ `fatherless' (trag., Pl.); Άπατούρια s. v. On the compp. Sommer Nominalkomp. 141 ff. (esp. ὄ-πατρος a. ὀβριμο-πάτρη; cf. s. vv.), Risch IF 59, 17.

Derivatives: 1. Dimin.: πατρ-ίδιον n. (com.), also πατέρ-ιον (Luc.) with - ίων m. (late; from voc. πάτερ; - ίων like μαλακ-ίων a.o.), Georgacas Glotta 36, 175f., Maas Mél. Bq 2, 130 f. -- 2. πάτρ-α, Ion. -η f. `paternal ancestry, tribe; native city, country, fatherland' (Il.; Wackernagel Festg. Kaegi 57ff. = Kl. Schr. 1, 485ff.). -- 3. πατρ-ιά, Ion. - ιή f. `paternal ancestry, lineage, family' (Hdt., El., Delph., LXX, NT; Wackernagel l.c., Scheller Oxytonierung 71 f.) with - ιώτης, Dor. - ιώτας, f. - ιῶτις `from the same lineage, native, fellow-countryman' (Att., Troizen, Delphi V^a), - ιωτικός `belonging to fellow-countrymen, fatherland' (Delphi IV^a, Arist.). -- 4. πάτρ-ιος `paternal, hereditary, customary' (Pi., IA.), f. πατρ-ίς `paternal, fatherland' (Il.); younger πατρ-ικός `paternal' (Democr., Att., hell.); in the same meaning also πατρώϊος s. on 7. πάτρως. -- 5. πατρ-όθεν `from one's father' (Il). -- 6. εὑ-πατρ-ίδης, Dor. - ίδας, f. - ις `of a noble father, noble', usu. as name of the Oldatt. nobles (trag., Att.), opposite κακο-πατρ-ίδας, f. - ις (Alc., Thgn.; Wackernagel Glotta 14, 50f. = Kl. Schr. 2, 858f.). -- 7. πάτρως, - ωος a. -ω m. `male relative, esp. father's brother, uncle' (Pi., Cret., Ion. Att.); formation like μήτρως (s.v.); Lat. patruus, Skt. pitr̥vyà- `id.' (e.g. Schmeja IF 68, 22). From it πατρώ-ϊος, πατρῳ̃ος `belonging to the paternal clan, paternal' = πάτρως, πατρικός (Il.), cf. μητρώ-ϊος and Wackernagel Festg. Kaegi 50ff. = Kl. Schr. 1,478ff.; on πατρικός also Chantraine Études (s. Index). -- 8. πατρωός m. `stepfather' (hell.; formation unclear); also πατρυιός (late, after μητρυιά, s.v.). -- 9. Verbs: πατερ-ίζω (Ar. V. 652) `to call father' (from voc.), - εύω `to hold office of πατηρ πόλεως (πατερ-ία)' (Miletos VI^p); πατρ-ῴζω `to take after one's father' (Philostr., Alciphr.; cf. μητρ-ῴζω), - ιάζω `id.' (Poll.); also *πατρίζω \> lat. patrissāre `id.' (Leumann Die Sprache 1, 207 = Kl. Schr. 174). -- On πατήρ w. derivv. also Chantraine REGr. 59-60, 219ff.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [829] *ph₂tēr `father'

Etymology: Old inherited word for `father' (as head of the family), in most IE languages retained, e.g. Skt. pitár-, Lat. pater, Germ., e.g. Goth. fadar. With πάτριος agree Skt. pítriya und Lat. patrius; with ὁμο-πάτωρ, - πάτριος `from the same father' (Att. resp. Ion. Att.) OPers. hama-pitar- resp. OWNo. sam-feðr; on possible cognates of πάτρως s. above 7. -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP. 2, 4, Pok. 829 and in separate dictionaries.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πατρός
8 πατέρα

πατήρ, πατρός, πατέρα

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `father' (Il.); for the inflection Schwyzer 567.

Other forms: Myc. pate.

Compounds: Many compp., e.g. πατρο-φόνος `parricidal, parricide' (trag., Pl.) with metr. condit. acc. - ῆα (Od.), also - φόντης m. f. `id.' (S.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 24 n. 4 a. 239 n. 1), πατρ-αλοίας s. ἀλωή; ἀ-πάτωρ `fatherless' (trag., Pl.); Άπατούρια s. v. On the compp. Sommer Nominalkomp. 141 ff. (esp. ὄ-πατρος a. ὀβριμο-πάτρη; cf. s. vv.), Risch IF 59, 17.

Derivatives: 1. Dimin.: πατρ-ίδιον n. (com.), also πατέρ-ιον (Luc.) with - ίων m. (late; from voc. πάτερ; - ίων like μαλακ-ίων a.o.), Georgacas Glotta 36, 175f., Maas Mél. Bq 2, 130 f. -- 2. πάτρ-α, Ion. -η f. `paternal ancestry, tribe; native city, country, fatherland' (Il.; Wackernagel Festg. Kaegi 57ff. = Kl. Schr. 1, 485ff.). -- 3. πατρ-ιά, Ion. - ιή f. `paternal ancestry, lineage, family' (Hdt., El., Delph., LXX, NT; Wackernagel l.c., Scheller Oxytonierung 71 f.) with - ιώτης, Dor. - ιώτας, f. - ιῶτις `from the same lineage, native, fellow-countryman' (Att., Troizen, Delphi V^a), - ιωτικός `belonging to fellow-countrymen, fatherland' (Delphi IV^a, Arist.). -- 4. πάτρ-ιος `paternal, hereditary, customary' (Pi., IA.), f. πατρ-ίς `paternal, fatherland' (Il.); younger πατρ-ικός `paternal' (Democr., Att., hell.); in the same meaning also πατρώϊος s. on 7. πάτρως. -- 5. πατρ-όθεν `from one's father' (Il). -- 6. εὑ-πατρ-ίδης, Dor. - ίδας, f. - ις `of a noble father, noble', usu. as name of the Oldatt. nobles (trag., Att.), opposite κακο-πατρ-ίδας, f. - ις (Alc., Thgn.; Wackernagel Glotta 14, 50f. = Kl. Schr. 2, 858f.). -- 7. πάτρως, - ωος a. -ω m. `male relative, esp. father's brother, uncle' (Pi., Cret., Ion. Att.); formation like μήτρως (s.v.); Lat. patruus, Skt. pitr̥vyà- `id.' (e.g. Schmeja IF 68, 22). From it πατρώ-ϊος, πατρῳ̃ος `belonging to the paternal clan, paternal' = πάτρως, πατρικός (Il.), cf. μητρώ-ϊος and Wackernagel Festg. Kaegi 50ff. = Kl. Schr. 1,478ff.; on πατρικός also Chantraine Études (s. Index). -- 8. πατρωός m. `stepfather' (hell.; formation unclear); also πατρυιός (late, after μητρυιά, s.v.). -- 9. Verbs: πατερ-ίζω (Ar. V. 652) `to call father' (from voc.), - εύω `to hold office of πατηρ πόλεως (πατερ-ία)' (Miletos VI^p); πατρ-ῴζω `to take after one's father' (Philostr., Alciphr.; cf. μητρ-ῴζω), - ιάζω `id.' (Poll.); also *πατρίζω \> lat. patrissāre `id.' (Leumann Die Sprache 1, 207 = Kl. Schr. 174). -- On πατήρ w. derivv. also Chantraine REGr. 59-60, 219ff.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [829] *ph₂tēr `father'

Etymology: Old inherited word for `father' (as head of the family), in most IE languages retained, e.g. Skt. pitár-, Lat. pater, Germ., e.g. Goth. fadar. With πάτριος agree Skt. pítriya und Lat. patrius; with ὁμο-πάτωρ, - πάτριος `from the same father' (Att. resp. Ion. Att.) OPers. hama-pitar- resp. OWNo. sam-feðr; on possible cognates of πάτρως s. above 7. -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP. 2, 4, Pok. 829 and in separate dictionaries.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πατέρα
9 ομόσημον

ὁμόσημον

ὁμόσημος

having the same meaning: masc /fem acc sg

ὁμόσημος

having the same meaning: neut nom /voc /acc sg

Morphologia Graeca > ομόσημον
10 ὁμόσημον

ὁμόσημον

ὁμόσημος

having the same meaning: masc /fem acc sg

ὁμόσημος

having the same meaning: neut nom /voc /acc sg

Morphologia Graeca > ὁμόσημον
11 γέφῡρα

γέφῡρα

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `bridge'; on other meanings in Homer s. below (Il.)

Other forms: Böot. βέφυρα, Cret. δέφυρα, Lak. δίφουρα (H.)

Derivatives: γεφυρίς πόρνη τις ἐπὶ γεφύρας, ὡς ` Ηρακλέων H. (also with another meaning); denomin. γεφυρόω `make a bridge' (Ion.-Att.; Il. `dam up' s. below',) with γεφύρωσις (Str.), γεφύρωμα `bridge' (J.), γεφυρωτής `builder of b.' (Plu.); γεφυρίζω `abuse' (Plu.), acc. to H. "ἐπεὶ ἐν Έλευσῖνι ἐπὶ τῆς γεφύρας τοῖς μυστηρίοις καθεζόμενοι ἔσκωπτον τοὺς παριόντας"; from there γεφυρισμός (Str.), γεφυριστής (Plu.).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: The variation of the first consonant suggests labiovelar gʷ-, but then the γ- cannot be explained. The evidently cognate Arm. kamurǰ `bridge' gives also unsurmountable problems if the word were IE. Beekes, Glotta ?? (2004), ??-?? follows Fur. 97 etc. in connecting Hattic hammuruwa `beam'. The word is an Anatolian loan (or Pre-Greek?). An original meaning `beam' fits all passages in Homer, and notably the expression πολέμοιο γεφύρας, where it has the same meaning as phalanx (`tree, beam'). The form with - ι- and - ου- point to Pre-Greek.

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12 ὀρφανός

ὀρφανός

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `orphaned, orphan', metaph. `bereft, abandoned' (υ 68).

Compounds: As 1. member a.o. in ὀρφανο-δικασταί m.pl. "orphan-judge" ( Leg. Gort.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 185).

Derivatives: 1. Adj. ὀρφαν-ικός `belonging to ὀρφανοι' (Il., Pl., Arist.; Fraenkel 1, 211 f., Chantraine Études 101 f.), - ιος `abandoned, lonely' (AP). 2. Subst. ὀρφαν-ία f. `orphanhood, bereavement' (Pi., ætt.), - ότης f. `id.' (Cappadocia). 3. Verbs. a) ὀρφαν-ίζω ( ἀπ- ὀρφανός) `to make an orphan, to bereave' (Pi.); from it formally - ιστής m., but as `guardian' (S. Aj. 512), name of an official (Selymbria); b) - εύω `to bring up orphans', midd. `to be orphaned' (E.) with - ευμα n. `orphanhood' (E.), - εία f. (if not itacistic for - ία) `id.' (pap.); c) - όομαι `to be bereft' (AP, sch.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [781] * h₃erbh- or * h₂orbh- `orphaned, bereft'

Etymology: From the H.glosses ὀρφοβόται ἐπίτροποι ὀρφανῶν with ὀρφο-βοτία ἐπιτροπή and ὤρφωσεν (: ὀρφόω) ὠρφάνισεν we get a noun *ὀρφος, of which ὀρφανός, with the same meaning, seems to be a purely formal enlargement after other adj. in - ανός. With *ὀρφος agree exactly Arm. orb, -oy `orphan' and Lat. orbus `orphaned, bereft', IE * orbho-s. A i̯o-deriv. is supposed in Celt. and (a loan from there?) the Germ. word for `heritage' (so prop. *"orphans possessions" ?; diff., not convincing, Porzig Gliederung 121f.), e.g. OIr. orb(b)e, orpe n., Goth. arbi, OHG arbi, erbi n.; from there ` der Erbe', e.g. OIr. orb(b)e m., Goth. arbja, OHG arpeo, erbo m. Further, quite hypothetical connections in WP. 1, 183 f., Pok. 781 f., W.-Hofmann s. orbus (w. rich lit.); further Benveniste Hitt. et indoeur. 11 f., who finds in Hitt. ḫarp-zi `separate, keep s.' the relevant primary verb and at the same time reminds (after Collinder) of comparable Fi.-Ugr. words, e.g. Fi. orbo, orvo `orphan'.

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13 ἀπάτη

ἀπάτη

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `fraud, deceit' (Il.); on the meaning s. Luther "Wahrheit" und "Lüge", esp. 97ff.

Derivatives: ἀπατηλός `betrügerisch' (Il.), perh. from ἀπατάω (Chantr. Form. 241f.), with the metrical variant ἀπατήλιος (Od.). - Denom. ἀπατάω `deceive' (Il.).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]

Etymology: Unknown. Kuiper ( Glotta 21, 283) connected ἠπεροπεύς explaining ἀπάτη \< *ἀπν̥-τᾱ from an r-n-stem *ἄπαρ, *ἀπνός. His further connection of ἰάπτω, ἴπτομαι is less convincing. Improbable is connection with πόντος, πάτος, Goth. finÞan (Pedersen Cinq. décl. lat. 65 A. 1, Moorhouse Class. Quart. 35, 93ff.). Wrong vW. Fur. 234f connected ἄτη \< *ἀϜα-τη, with substr. variation π\/F, which is at best possible. Attractive is his comparison with ἀπαφ-εῖν (for which the variant ἀποφ-εῖν shows substr. origins; s.v. ἀπαφίσκω), which has exactly the same meaning. If ἠπερ-οπ-εύω is cognate, note the suffix - οπ- which is also a substr. element (Beekes Glotta 73 (1995\/6) 18-25).

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀπάτη
14 ἔνοσις

ἔνοσις

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `shaking, quake' (Hes., E. in lyr.).

Dialectal forms: Myc. enesidaone with difficult -e-

Compounds: As 1. member in the ep. compounds ἐνοσί-χθων, ἐννοσί-γαιος `earth-shaker' surnames of Poseidon; in the same meaning ἐννοσίδᾱς (Pi.; with δα- in Δα-μάτηρ (s. Δημήτηρ and v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 203); after this εἰνοσί-φυλλος `shaking off foliage' (Hom.; ἐνν-, εἰν- metr. lengthening; cf. Chantr. Gramm. Hom. 1, 100); cf. Knecht Τερψίμβροτος 26.

Derivatives: ἐνοσιζεται τρέμει, σείεται (Cyr.).

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Uncertain. The explanation by Pott, followd by many scholars, as *ἔν-Ϝοθ-τις to ὠθέω (s. also ἔθων, ἔθειρα) finds several objections: the sequence - θ-τ- should have given - στ- (cf. e. g. πύσ-τις beside πεῦ-σις); the ο-ablaut as in ἄ-φρων: φρήν is not expected in a τι-deriv., and refuted by Myc.; a prefixal ἐν- is not well explained ("bump against"?). If ἔνοσις is indeed a primary τι-deriv. (cf. Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 94f.), we would rather expect a formation like ἄρο-σις. ἔνοσις may have been derived from the compounds. - See Porzig Satzinhalte 193f. M. Janda, Compositiones indogerm. Schindler, 1999, 183-203 assumes a root * h₁enh₃- `to move' from Skt. ánas, Lat. onus ? (but no such root is attested, and its meaning would be `carry one a horse', which seems not adequate; also it does no solve the problem provided by Myc.).

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15 ἐρείκω

ἐρείκω

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `breach, bruise, pound' (Il.).

Other forms: ( ἐρεικόμενος intr. Ν 441), aor. ἤρῐκε (Ρ 595, intr.), ἐρεῖξαι (Ion.-Att.), perf. pass. ἐρήριγμαι, - μένος (Hp., Arist.),

Compounds: rarely with prefix κατ-, δι-, ὑπ-,

Derivatives: ἐρεικίδες pl. (Gal.), ἐρεικάς (H.) `pounded barley, groats', ἐρείκιον `crumbly pastry' (Gal.; formation like ἐρείπια), ἐρεικίτας ( ἄρτος, Ath.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 89), all often itacistic. written ἐρικ-; thus ἐρίγματα pl. (Hp.), ἐρίγμη (Sch.) `bruised beans' for ἐρειγ-; in the same meaning with unexplained ε: ἐρέγματα (Thphr., Erot.), ἐρεγμός (pap., Gal., Erot.) with ἐρέγμινος (Dsc., Orib.).

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]; cf. [858]

Etymology: To the full grade root present ἐρείκω and the clearly old weak grade aorist ἤρικε there are no formal and semantic agreements. Close comes Skt. rikháti, likháti `scratch' (with aspirated velar), Lith. riekiù, riẽkti `cut loaf, plough for the first time', Skt. riśáti, liśáti `pluck, tear away'; the different forms can be in relation with the expressive meaning. As related nominal formations one might consider OHG rīga, MHG rīha `row, line', Lat. rixa `hatred, conflict', prob. also rīma `scratch, split'. - Further W.-Hofmann s. rīma, rixa, ricinus. Cf. ἐρείπω.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐρείκω
16 ἐφιάλτης

ἐφιάλτης, - ου

Grammatical information: m. (Phryn. Kom., Dsk.),

Meaning: `nightmare' (Phryn. Kom., Dsk.) - Έφιάλτης ( Έπι-) 1. mythical PN, son of Aloeus (or of Poseidon) and Iphimedeia, famous because of his unusual greatness and strength (Ε 385, λ 308, Pi. P. 4, 89); 2. PN (Hdt. etc.).,

Other forms: also ἐπιάλτης (Alc. in Eust. 1687, 52); in the same meaning also ἠπιάλης, acc. - ητα (Sophr.), ἠπιόλης (Hdn. Gr.).

Dialectal forms: Myc. E-pi-ja-ta?

Derivatives: ἐφιαλτικός `suffering from nightmare' (Medic.), and the plant-name ἐφιάλτιον, - τία (Ps.-Dsc., Aët., because of its prophylactic use, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 90).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: No etymology. In antiquity the name of `nightmare', which is clearly as original name of a demon identical with the mythical name (cf. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 226), was connected with ἐφάλλομαι `jump (up)on somebody'; cf. ἐφιάλτης ὁ ἐπιπηδῶν H. and Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 33 n.1. The explanation, which is phonetically not without problems (Leumann Hom. Wörter 80 n. 45; s. also Schwyzer-Debrunner 465 n. 9 with different interpretation), must be considered as folk-etymology. The suggestion of Leumann l. c. (with Meister Dial. 1, 117), that ἐφιάλτης came from ἠπίαλος, name of a fever, through ἐπίαλος, ἐπιάλτης reshaped through folk-etymology after ἐφάλλομαι, is, acc. to Frisk, less probable because of the difference in meaning. Leumann separates the PN Έφιάλτης from that of the demon and connects it with ἐπ-ιάλλειν (but this does not explain the φ). - The forms ἠπιάλης, - όλης are based on mixing with ἠπίαλος, s. v. Other folk-etymological reshapings ( ἐφέλης, ἐπωφέλης etc.) in H. s. ἐπιάλης. If the name is identical with the noun ἠπίαλος, as Leumnn and Fur. 159, 258, 342 assume, it is Pre-Greek, which is what one might expect.

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17 θάνατος

θάνατος

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `death' (Il.).

Compounds: Compp., e. g. ἀ-θάνατος `immortal' (Il.), θανατη-φόρος `death-bringing' (A. ; - η- rhythmic and analog. conditioned, Schwyzer 438f.).

Derivatives: Adj.: θανάσιμος `bringing death, going to die' (IA; on the formation Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 17 and 70f.; rarely θανατήσιμος, Arbenz 78f.); also θανατώδης (Hp.), θανατόεις (S., E.), θανατήσιος (Afric.; after βιοτήσιος, βροτήσιος), θανατικός (D. S., Plu.), θανατηρός (Eust.); θανατούσια (sc. ἱερά) pl. `feast for the dead' (Luc.; after γερούσιος). Denomin. verbs: 1. θανατόω `kill, bring to death, sentence to death' (IA) with θανάτωσις; 2. θανατάω `like to die', also `be dying' (Pl.); 3. θανατιάω `id.' (Luc.). - The old perfect τέθνηκα `am dead', pl. τέθνᾰμεν, ptc. τεθνηώς, τεθνεώς, Aeol. inf. τεθνά̄κην, with the thematic root aorist ἔθανον `I died' (Il.), the fut. θανοῦμαι (Il.) and an added present θνηισκω (inscr.), θνήσκω (mss.), Aeol. θναισκω (Hdn. Gr. 2, 79); in prose mostly ἀπο-θνῄσκω; also with other prefixes, e. g. κατα-θνῄσκω, - θανεῖν, - τέθνηκα (all Il.); on the function of the prefix Schwyzer-Debrunner 268f., Hermann Gött. Nachr. 1943, 617f. Verbal adj. θνητός `mortal' (Il.). - From there θνήσιμος (only Arg. to S. OT 7) with θνησιμαῖον `cadaver' (LXX; Chantraine Formation 49, Mélanges Maspéro 221); in the same meaning also θνᾱσίδιον, θνησ(ε)ίδιον (Lesbos, Ael.; Schwyzer 270). Verbalsubst. θνῆσις `dying, mortality' (medic.); on εὑθνήσιμος `preparing a soft death' (A. Ag. 1294) from εὖ θνῄσκειν; cf. εὑθάνατος, - τέω, - σία; diff., hardly correct, Arbenz 78 u. 84.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [266] * dʰ(u)enh₂- `die'

Etymology: The form θαν- ( εῖν) and θάνα-(τος) θνᾱ-(τός) point to a form *dhnh₂-, *dhnh₂-e- beside *dhnh₂- before consonant. The comparison with Skt. aorist á-dhvanī-t `he disappeared' and the ptc. dhvān-tá- `dark' led to the reconstruction IE dhu̯enǝ-; the meaning `die' stems from a euphemism, cf. Chantraine Sprache 1, 146. See Pok. 266. But the -u̯- is not quite certain.

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18 κλείς

κλείς

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `bar, bolt' (sec. `rowing bench', Leumann Hom. Wörter 209), ` hook, key, collar bone' (Il.).

Other forms: κλειδός, κλεῖν (late κλεῖδα), older κλῄς, κλῃδός, κλῃ̃δα (on the notation Schwyzer 201f.), ep. Ion. κληΐς, - ῖδος, - ῖδα, Dor. κλᾱΐς, - ῖδος beside - ίδος (Simon., Pi.; Aeol.?, cf. Schwyzer 465), besides κλᾳξ (Theoc.), κλαικος, - κα (Epid., Mess.)

Dialectal forms: Myc.. karawiporo = κλαϜι-φόρος

Compounds: Compp., e. g. κλειδ-οῦχος ( κλῃδ-) m. f. `key-holder' (inscr.), κατα-κλείς, - κληΐς `lock, case, quiver' (Att.; from κατα-κλείω);

Derivatives: Diminut. κλειδίον (Ar., Arist.); κλειδᾶς m. `lock-smith' (pap., inscr., Empire); late denomin. κλειδόω (Smyrna, pap.) with κλείδωσις (sch.), - ωμα (Suid.). - Old denomin. κλείω, Oldatt. κλῄω, Ion. κληΐω (Hdt.), late κλῄζω ( Hymn. Is., AP), Theoc. κλᾳζω, aor. ep. Ion. κληϊ̃σαι, κληΐσσαι (Od.), Oldatt. κλῃ̃σαι, Att. κλεῖσαι, pass. κληϊσθῆναι, κλῃσθῆναι, κλεισθῆναι (Ion. resp. Att.), κλᾳσθῆναι (Theoc.), fut. κλῄσω (Th.), κλείσω, perf. κέκλῃκα (Ar.), κέκλεικα (hell.), midd. κέκλῃμαι (-ήϊμαι), κέκλειμαι, Dor. κέκλᾳνται (Epich.); after it Dor. aor. ( κλαΐξαι) κλᾳ̃ξαι, pass. κλαιχθείς, fut. κλᾳξῶ (Theoc., Rhod.), backformed present ποτι-κλᾳγω (Heracl.), often with prefix, esp. ἀπο-, κατα-, συν-, `shut, block'. From there κλήϊθρον, κλῃ̃θρον, κλεῖθρον, κλᾳ̃θρον `lock, block' (IA. h. Merc. 146, Dor.) with κλειθρίον (Hero), κλειθρία `key-hole' (Luc.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 54), κλάϊστρον (Pi.), κλεῖστρον (Luc.) `lock', κλῃ̃σις, κλεῖσις (Th., Aen. Tact.), κλεῖσμα, κλεισμός (hell.; also ἀπόκλῃσις etc. from ἀπο-κλείω etc.); verbal adj. κληϊστός, κλῃστός, κλειστός (ep. IA.), κλαικτός ( κλᾳκτός) `what can be locked' (Argiv., Mess.). - On κλεισίον s. κλίνω.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [604 partly] * kleh₂-u- `lock'

Etymology: Ion. Att. κλη(Ϝ)ῑ-δ- and Dor. κλᾱ(Ϝ)ῑ-κ- are dental- resp. velar enlargements of an ῑ-stem, which can still be seen in κληΐω. (Diff. Debrunner Mus. Helv. 3, 45ff.: κληΐω backformation from κληι̃̈̈ (δ)-σαι, from κληϊ̄δ-, cf. κληϊσ-τός). Att. κλεῖν can be easily explained (with Debrunner l. c.; also Schulze Kl. Schr. 419) as analogical to κλείς ( ναῦς: ναῦν a. o.). The ῑ-stem is based on a noun *κλᾱϜ(-ο)- like e. g. κνημί̄-δ- on κνήμη, χειρί̄-δ- on χείρ (Schwyzer 465, Chantraine Formation 346f.). - An exact agreement of the basic word can be found in Lat. clāvus `nail, pin', beside which, with the same meaning as the derived κληΐς, clāvis `key, block'; because of the semantic identity a loan from Greek has been considered, cf. Ernout-Meillet s. v. and (rejecting) W.-Hofmann 1, 230. (But clātrī pl. `lattice-work' from pl. Dor. κλᾳ̃θρα). Further there is a Celtic word, e. g. OIr. clō, pl. clōi `nail' (Lat. LW [loanword]?). Slavic has a few words with an eu-diphthong, IE. *klē̆u-, e. g. OCS a. Russ. ključь `key', SCr. kljȕka `hook, ey, clamp'. - The original meaning of the word was prob. `nail, pin, hook', instruments, of old use for locking doors. - More forms in Pok. 604f., W.-Hofmann s. claudō, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. kliū́ti.

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19 μολγός

μολγός

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `bag of cowhide' (Ar. Eq. 963, D. C.), after Poll. 10, 187 Tarentinian.

Derivatives: μόλγινος `of oxhide' (Theodorid. ap. Poll. 10, 187); μόλγης, - ητος m. (as πένης, πλάνης a.o.) = μοχθηρός (Crates Gramm. ap. sch. Ar. Eq. 959), in the same meaning also μολγός (Suid.).

Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Thrac.

Etymology: Differs only in the velar (and accent) from a Germ. word for `bag, pouch': OHG malaha, MHG malhe `leather bag', OWNo. malr `bag', IE *mólko- (e.g. Fick 3, 316); so Gr. - γ- from a loan, perh. from Thracian? (WP. 2, 308, Pok. 747). After G. Meyer IF 1, 325 as Tarentine to Goth. balgs `ballows, bag' through Messap.-Illyr. mediation. Thus Vendryes BSL 41, 134ff.: to Goth. balgs, Celt., e.g. Ir. bolg, and first from Thrac.; orig. central- or even northeuropean; μολγός phonetically influenced by ἀμέλγω(?). Fur. 126 assumes a "vorindogermanisches Wanderwort". Cf. Taillardat Images $ 160 and 209 (also on the meaning `glutton, κίναιδος'); also id. REGr. 64(1951)10ff.

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20 ὄρχος

ὄρχος

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `row of vines or fruit trees' (η 127, ω 341, Hes. Sc. 296, B., Ar., X., Thphr.);

Other forms: ὀρχός m. `border of the eyelid, ταρσός' (Poll. 2, 69); ὀρχάς περίβολος, αἱμασιά H., ὀρχάδος στέγης (S. Fr. 812); ὀρχηδόν (Hdt. 7, 144), after H., = ἡβηδόν, usu. explained as `in a row, general'.

Derivatives: Besides ὄρχατος m. `ordened plantation, garden' (η 112, ω 222, AP), pl. `rows of garden plants, fruit trees, vines' (Ξ 123, E. Fr. 896, 2, Moschio Trag. 6, 12), metaph. ὀδόντων, κιόνων ὄρχατος (AP, Ach. Tat.). With μ-suffix: ὀρχμαί φραγμοί, καλαμῶνες, φάραγγες, σπῆλυγξ H.; ὀρχμούς λοχμῶδες καὶ ὄρειον χωρίον οὑκ ἐπεργαζόμενον ( Lex.); in the same meaning ὀρχάμη (Poll. 7, 147).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: If the ἅπ. λεγ. ὀρχηδόν is rightly understood as `following the row', is for ὄρχος also the general meaning `row' to be accepted; from there, prob. as collective abstract, ὄρχατος prop. `order of rows (of plants)'. Then it seems hardly possible, to bring the above words together under a notion `fence, enclosure', which, thought obvious for ὄρχατος in the sense of `garden' and acceptable for the rare ὀρχός, ὀρχάς, hardly fits ὄρχος (pace Porzig Satzinhalte 310). Thus the connection with IE *u̯er-ǵh- `turn, wind together, fence in' in Lith. veržiù `fence in, string' (diff. s. εἴργω), Germ., e.g. OWNo. virgill `snare', NHG er-würgen a.o. (Brugmann IF 15, 84ff., WP. 1, 272f., Pok.1154 f.) is weakened; doubtful as well becomes the comparison with Lith. sérgmi `preserve, watch over' (Fraenkel KZ 72, 193 ff. with Prellwitz). Attractive Mann Lang. 26, 385: to Alb. varg `row, wreath, chain'. -- Commonly accepted is the connection with the town-name Όρχομενός (older Έρχ-, cf. Schwyzer 255; Illyr. Όργομεναί, Krahe ZNF 7, 25 n. 4 a. 11, 81). S. also εἴργω, ἔρχατος, ὄρχαμος. - As there is no IE etymon, it seems more probable that the word (note the meanings!; and th name of the town) is Pre-Greek.

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Same-sex relationships in Australia — Same sex marriages are currently not recognised under Australian federal law and, since 2004, the Marriage Act 1961 was redefined to explicitly recognise marriage as being the union of a man and a woman . Under section 51(xxi) [ [http://scaleplus … Wikipedia
Same-sex marriage and procreation — is an issue that lawmakers and judges have used to determine whether or not same sex marriage is legal. One such use occurred in the 2006 Washington state Supreme Court decision, Andersen v. King County [… … Wikipedia
Same-sex marriage in California — Same sex marriage is valid and recognized in California. California is the second U.S. state, after Massachusetts, to make marriage licenses available to same sex couples. The status of same sex marriage in California has been a contentious… … Wikipedia
Meaning (House) — Meaning House episode Episode no. Season 3 Episode 1 Directed by Deran Sarafian … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с греческого на английский

same+meaning

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с греческого на английский

same+meaning

См. также в других словарях:

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