λαπάξειν

λαπάσσω

empty: fut inf act (attic epic)

λαπάζω

fut inf act (attic epic)

λᾰπάσσω, [dialect] Att. [suff] λᾰπᾰρ-ττω,

A empty,

διάρροιαι.. τὴν γαστέρα λαπάσσουσαι Hp.Prog.8

; οὐκ ἐλάπαξεν οὐδέν had no evacuations, Id.Epid.4.31; τὰ παρ' οὖς λαπάσσει causes the tumours by the ear to discharge, Id.Coac. 201, Prorrh.1.167:—[voice] Pass., esp. in [tense] aor. ἐλαπάχθην, of the bowels, to be emptied, Id.VM11, Acut.(Sp.) 42, Arist.Pr. 935b30: abs., ἐλαπάσσετο internal relief took place, Hp.Epid.6.2.19: [tense] pf.inf.

λελαπάχθαι Ath.8.363a

.

2 soften,

ὅκως.. τὰ σκληρυνόμενα λαπαχθῇ Hp.Ulc. 10

.

II sack a town (cf. ἀλαπάζω)

, λαπάξειν ἄστυ Καδμείων βίᾳ A. Th.47

, 531, dub. in Id.Ag. 130.

μήν [(A)], [dialect] Dor. (Epich.78, etc.), [dialect] Aeol. (Sapph.Supp.23.5, etc.), and old [dialect] Ep. [full] μάν (in Hom.always folld. by a vowel exc. Il.5.895, 765, whereas μήν is folld. by a consonant exc. in Il.19.45; original μάν has prob. been changed to μέν exc. when the metre prevented), a Particle used to strengthen asseverations,

A verily, truly; a synonym of μέν but stronger, and like it always following the word which begins the clause, ὧδε γὰρ ἐξερέω, καὶ μ. τετελεσμένον ἔσται and so verily.., Il.23.410; ἴστε μὰν .. ye know doubtless, Pi.I.4(3).35: freq. with imper., ἄγε μ. on then, Il.1.302;

ἄγρει μάν 5.765

;

ἄναγε μάν A.Ch. 963

(lyr.);

ἕπεο μάν S.OC 182

(lyr.).

II after other Particles,

1 ἦ μήν, now verily, full surely,

ἦ μὴν καὶ πόνος ἐστίν Il.2.291

, cf. h.Ap.87, Hes. Sc. 101;

ἦ μάν Il.2.370

, 13.354, Sapph.l.c., Pi.P.4.40, al. (

εἶ μάν IG5

(1).1390.27 (Andania, i B.C.)): strengthd.,

ἦ δὴ μάν Il.17.538

: freq. later in strong protestations or oaths, c. inf.,

ὄμνυσι δ' ἦ μὴν λαπάξειν A.Th. 531

, cf. S.Tr. 1186, X.An.2.3.26: in negation, ἦ μ. μή .. Th.8.81, etc. (but also

ὀμνύω μὴ μὰν φρονησεῖν SIG527.36

(Crete, iii B.C.)): in Prose also to begin an independent clause,

ὀμνύω.., ἦ μ. ἐγὼ ἐθυόμην X.An.6.1.31

;

καὶ νὴ τὸν κύνα,.. ἦ μ. ἐγὼ ἔπαθόν τι τοιοῦτον Pl. Ap. 22a

.

2 καὶ μήν, sts. simply to add an asseveration, v. sub init., cf. Pi.N.2.13, etc.;

καὶ δὴ μάν Theoc.7.120

: freq. to introduce something new or deserving special attention,

καὶ μὴν Τάνταλον εἰσεῖδον Od.11.582

, cf. 593, A.Pr. 459, Pers. 406, etc.; esp. in dramatic Poets to mark the entrance of a person on the stage, here comes.., Id.Th. 372, E.El. 339; also

ὅδε μ. Αἵμων S.Ant. 626

(anap.), etc.; of new facts, and besides, nay more,

καὶ μήν.. γε A.Pr. 982

, cf. Ar. Pax 369, X.Smp.4.15, etc.; in Orators to introduce new arguments,

καὶ μήν.. γε Pl.Tht. 153b

, D.21.56; to introduce a counter-argument, Ar.Nu. 1185, Pl.Grg. 452c;

καὶ μὴν καί D.27.30

, etc.: also in answers, to denote approbation or assent, ἀλλ' ἢν ἐφῇς μοι.. λέξαιμ' ἂν ὀρθῶς. Answ. καὶ μ. ἐφίημι well, I allow it, S.El. 556; μὴ νῦν διάτριβ', ἀλλ' ἄνυε πράττων .. Answ.

καὶ μ. βαδίζω Ar.Pl. 413

(v.l.), cf. Ra. 895, E.Hec. 317; so

καὶ μ... γε Pl.R. 426e

, etc.

3 ἀλλὰ μήν, yet truly, Id.Pers.233, etc.;

ἀλλὰ μάν Ar.Ach. 765

;

ἀλλὰ μήν.. γε Id.Ra. 258

; to allege something not disputed, Pl.Tht. 187a: rarely separated,

ἀλλ' ἐστὶ μ. οἰκητός S.OC28

; ἀλλ' οὐδ' ἐγὼ μ. .. E.Hec. 401: more strongly,

ὅμως μ. Pl.Plt. 297d

.

4 ναὶ μήν, above all, Emp.76.2.

5 οὐ μήν, of a truth not, Il.24.52, A.Ag. 1068, etc.: elsewh. in Hom. οὐ μάν, Il.12.318, etc.; μὴ μάν ([dialect] Att. μὴ μήν) oh do not, 8.512, 15.476, etc.;

ἀλλ' οὐ μάν 17.41

;

ἀλλ' οὐ μάν.. γε S.OC 153

(lyr.);

οὐδὲ μάν Pi.P.4.87

.

6 ὡς μήν, = ἦ μήν, ὀμμνύω Δία.. ὡς μ. κρινεῖν τὰ ἀντιλεγόμενα Delph.3(1).362 i 40.

III after interrogatives, τί μ.; well, what of it? A.Eu. 203, Pl.Tht. 145e, etc.; τί μ. οὔ well, why not? E. Rh. 706 (lyr.); τῶς μ.; well, but how.. ? X.Cyr.1.6.28; τίνος μ. ἕνεκα; ibid.; ποῦ μ.; to express surprise, Pl.Tht. 142a; ἀλλὰ πότε μήν; X. Smp.4.23.

IV with adversative force, esp. after a neg., so that it is equivalent to μέντοι, νῦν ἐμὲ μὲν στυγέει.., ἔσται μὰν ὅτ' ἄν .. Il. 8.370- 373;

οὐ μὴν ἄτιμοι.. τεθνήξομεν A.Ag. 1279

; ἀνάγκη μὲν καὶ ταῦτ' ἐπίστασθαι.., οὐδὲν μ. κωλύει κτλ. Pl.Phdr. 268e, cf. Grg. 493c, R. 529e, etc.;

χαλεπῶς ἔχει ὑπὸ τραυμάτων, μᾶλλον μ. αὐτὸν αἱρεῖ τὸ νόσημα Id.Tht. 142b

; expressed more strongly by γε μ., Pi.P.7.18, A.Th. 1067 (anap.), S.OC 587, X.Cyr.6.1.7, etc.; also

οὐ μ... γε A. Pr. 270

, Th. 538; οὐδὲ μ. ib. 809, Ch. 189; οὐ μ. οὐδέ nor yet indeed, Th. 1.3, 82, etc.;

οὐ μὰν οὐδέ Il.4.512

;

ἀλλ' οὐ μὰν οὐδέ 23.441

:—on οὐ μὴν ἀλλά, v. ἀλλά 11.5.

------------------------------------

μήν [(B)], ὁ,

A v. μείς.

II [full] Μήν, an Anatolian divinity, IG22.1365,1366, etc.; nom. sg. [full] Μείς Supp.Epigr.4.647.2, 648.3 ([place name] Lydia).

ὁρκ-ωμοτέω,

A take an oath, Ar.Fr.96 ; τινι to one, A.Eu. 764 ;

πάσης ὑπὲρ γῆς Δαναϊδῶν ὁρκωμοτῶν E.Supp. 1190

;

ἐπί τινι Luc.Tox.50

;

κατὰ σφαγίων Plu.Pyrrh.6

: folld. by [tense] aor. inf., θεοὺς ὁ. τὸ μήτε δρᾶσαι.. swear by the gods that they did it not, S.Ant. 265: by [tense] fut. inf., Ἄρη.. ὡρκωμότησαν.. λαπάξειν ἄστυ made oath by Ares that they would.., A. Th.46.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `drain, plunder, destroy' (Hom.),

Other forms: aor. ἀλάπαξα, fut. ἀλαπάξω. Aesch. twice (Th. 47, 531) future λαπάξειν (Ag. 130 doubtful); pres. λαπάσσω is used as a medical term, `empty'.

Derivatives: ἀλαπαδνός with analogical - δ- (Schwyzer 489) `exhausted, feeble', mostly with negation (Hom.); A. Eu. 562 prob. has λαπαδνόν (cod. λέπ-) = ἀλαπαδνόν. λαπάζειν ἐκκενοῦν... H.

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Connection with Skt. álpa- `small', Lith. alpstù `faint' is difficult. The prothetic vowel points to a substr. word. Fur. 371 compare λαπαρός (as ἀκιδνός: ἀκιρός); semant. not evident. The structure of the word is hardly IE. The original meaning seems to have been `empty'; cf. the compounds with ἐξ-. - One compares λάπαθος, λαπάρη (hardly correct).

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Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `weak, slack, hollow' (Hp., Arist.).

Derivatives: λαπαρότης `weakness' (Hp.); λαπάρη f. `the weak flanks', pl. `the flank(s)' (Il.). - Beside it λαπἁσσω, - ττω, (- ζω Ath., H.), aor. λαπάξαι, fut. λαπάξω `weaken, make hollow, sunken, void' (Hp.), also `destroy' (A.); from there λάπαξις `evacuation' (Arist., medic.), λαπαγμῶν ἐκκενώσεων H., λαπακτικός `evacuating' (medic.). - On λάπαθον `pitfall' s. v. With λαπαρός cf. λαγαρός, χαλαρός, πλα-δαρός etc. with the same suffix and the same meaning (Chantraine Form. 227); a basic primary verb may have been retained in ἔλαψα διέφθειρα. Κύπριοι H. Lengthened from there (after μαλάττω? cf. λαπάττων μαλάττων, λαγαρὸν ποιῶν H.) λαπάσσω, - ττω; the usual meaning `evacuate' arose in the language of the medics from `weaken, make hollow, sunken', referred to the stomach and the bowels. In the sense of `destroy' λαπάξειν, - ξαι agree with ἀλαπάζω, of which the relation to λαπάσσω, - ζω has not been explained; perhaps a cross with another word (Ruijgh L'élém. achéen 74f.).

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Outside cognates fail; cf. W.-Hofmann s. lepidus (cf. on λέπω, λεπτός); Alb. laps `tired'? (Jokl WienAkSb. 168: 1, 48; rejected in WP. 1, 92, Pok. 33).

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