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1 μάγγανον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `philtre, charm, block of a pulley' (Hero Bel., Pap. IIIp), [`eiserner Pflock, Bolzen'] (Sch.), `throwing machine, ballista, tormentum' (Gloss., H.), `means to deceive, bewitch' (Heracl. All., H.).Derivatives: μαγγανάριος `deceiver' (pap. IIIp), `mechanic' (Papp.), will be a loan from Latin. Denomin. verb μαγγανεύω `deceive, bewitch with artificial means, play tricks' with μαγγαν-εία `trickery' (Pl. Lg., Ph.), - εύματα pl. `charms, philtres' (Pl., Plu.), - ευτής `impostor, quack' (Suid., Phot.), - ευτικη τέχνη `agical art' (Poll.), - εύτριαι pl. H. s. βαμβακεύ-τριαι, - ευτήριον `haunt for impostors' (Them.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The word got as a loan a wide spread: Lat. manganum `machine' (to Rom., e.g. Ital. mangano `sling') with the unclear byform mangō `a handler, who promotes his ware by artificial means' (from hell. *μάγγων?), from where mangōnium `dressing up ware', Alb. mangë `hemp-brake', mengji `medicine', MHG MLG mange `throwing-machine', NHG Mange(l) `smoothing roll(?) for laundry' (from where Balt., e.g. Lith. mañgalis `mangling-machine'). If we forget these loans, a few words from the farthest east and west remain, which have been connected as cognate with μάγγανον: Skt. mañju-, mañjula- `beautiful, sweet, charming', maṅgala n. `happiness, salvation, good omen' (all ep. class.), Osset. mäng `deceit'; Celt., MIr. meng `deceit, cleverness, ruse' (but Toch. A maṅk `guilt, fault, sin', adduced by Schneider, together with B meṅki `id.', also `smaller', with μανός, μάνυ). To this rather motley collection one may add further the group of μάσσω `knead', through which the most wide combinations can be made. - Lit. in Bq, WP. 2, 233, Pok. 731, W.-Hofmann s. mangō; esp. Meringer IF 19, 436f. a. 21, 282, whose attempts to make the history of these words concrete, are in principle no doubt correct, even when they lack confirmation or are in detail even wrong. - From an IE root * meng- (Pok. 731) the Greek form cannot be derived; the word must then be Pre-Greek (as was already stated by W.- Hofmann s.v. mango), where mang-an- is unproblematic. The Sanskrit words are semantically too far off (perh. they are of Dravidian origin, Mayrhofer KEWA547, 553 and EWAia 379f.). (Such isolated Sanskrit comparisons with Greek must often be discarded.) The other words will be loans from Latin. (Lith. mañgalis is a loan from German.) The original meaning was no doubt as Frisk assumed a technical instrument. The meaning `hemp-brake' goes in the same direction, but the meaning ballista I cannot easily combine. The meaning `mangling-machine' recurs several times (Germ. `Glättroll für Wäsche'). It served to `embellish' the cloths. From there the notion of deceit. It is a good example of the long life of a Pre-Greek word which was by some considered as IE.Page in Frisk: 2,155Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μάγγανον
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2 μόργος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `twined basket of a chariot, in which straw and chaff was transported' (Poll. 7, 1 16, H.); after H. also σκύτινον or βόειον τεῦχος `leather ware'.Derivatives: μοργεύω `transort in a μόργος' (Poll. l.c.). Unclear μόργιον μέτρον γῆς, ὅ ἐστι πλέθρον. καὶ εἶδος ἀμπέλου H. Chantraine reads μόρτιον and connects μορτή, without argumentation.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: No convincing etymology. Gelb Jb. f. kleinas. Forsch. II: 1, 51 connects it as `protoidg.' with Άμοργός and other Anatolian names. In the sense of `leather ware' after H. Petersson (s. WP. 2, 283) as "stripped skin" to ὀμόργνυμι etc. (Cf. μύρσος.)Page in Frisk: 2,254Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μόργος
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3 υμενόστρακα
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4 ὑμενόστρακα
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5 γρυτοπωλεῖον
γρῡτο-πωλεῖον, τό,A small-ware shop, Gloss.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > γρυτοπωλεῖον
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6 εὐλαβέομαι
εὐλαβ-έομαι, [tense] impf. ηὐλαβούμην v.l. in E.Or. 748 (troch.), 1059, εὐλ-Aeschin.1.25: [tense] fut. - ήσομαι Pl. R. 410a, Arist.EN 1127b6; also- ηθήσομαι LXX De.2.4,al., D.L.7.116, Gal.5.249: [tense] aor. ηὐλαβήθην (or εὐλ-) Pl.Phd. 89c:—A to be discreet, cautious, beware, folld. by μή or ὅπως μή with subj.,εὐ. μὴ φανῇς κακὸς γεγώς S.Tr. 1129
, cf. E.Hipp. 100, Ar.Eq. 253, Pl.Phd. 89c, etc.: by [tense] fut. ind., ὅπως μὴ.. οἰχήσομαι ib. 91c (om. cod. B): c. inf.,εὐλαβουμένῳ πεσεῖν S.OT 616
;εὐ. λέγειν Pl.Phd. 101c
: with μή inserted,εὐ. μὴ σῴζειν φίλους E.Or. 1059
, cf. Ar.Lys. 1277, Cydias 1.2 take care,ὅπως κατοίσεις Ar.Ach. 955
;εὐ. περί τι Pl.Lg. 927c
, Ion 537a;περί τινος Id.Lg. 691b
;ἀμφί τινι Luc.Gall.21
: abs., εὐλαβήθηθ' S.OT47;εὐλαβούμενος ἠρόμην Pl.Prt. 333e
, cf. 316d; εἰ μηδὲν εὐλαβηθέντα τἀληθὲς εἰπεῖν δέοι without reserve, D.18.159; take precautions, Arist. Pol. 1303b27.II c. acc., have a care of, beware of,εὐλαβοῦ στρόμβον.. μή σ' ἀναρπάσῃ A.Fr. 195
; εὐ. τὴν κύνα 'ware the dog, Ar.Lys. 1215;εὐ. πενίαν Pl.R. 372c
;τὸν φθόνον D.18.305
; ;τοὺς ὑβρίζεσθαι νομίζοντας Id.Pol. 1315a27
; .2 reverence, pay honour to, ;τὸν δῆμον Plu.Per.7
; in LXX, fear God, Na.1.7;εὐ. ἀπὸ τοῦ ὀνόματος Κυρίου Ze.3.12
;μηδὲν-ούμενον, ὡς οἱ πολλοὶ λέγουσιν, ὅτι.. δεῖ.. Sor.1.49
.III later in [voice] Act., εὐλαβεῖν τινα beware of, BGU665.4 (i A.D.); cf. εὐλάβησον, -ῆσαι, Phot.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὐλαβέομαι
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7 κρυσταλλοφανής
κρυσταλλοφᾰνής, ές,Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κρυσταλλοφανής
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8 φυλακεύς
φῠλᾰκ-εύς, έως, ὁ, [dialect] Ep. for φύλαξ, [dialect] Ep. pl. φυλακῆες Opp.C.4.295. -ή, ἡ, ([etym.] φύλαξ)A watching or guarding, esp. by night,φυλακῆς μνήσασθε Il.7.371
; φυλακὰς ἔχειν keep watch and ward, 9.1, 471;φ. κατέχειν E.Tr. 194
(lyr.); φυλακὴ ἔχει αὐτόν watching engages him, v.l. in Hes.Fr.188.4;φ. νυκτερινή Ar.V.2
: prov., γυμνῷ φυλακὴν ἐπιτάττειν tell an unarmed man to stand on the defensive, i.e. to give commands that cannot be obeyed, Pherecr.144, cf. Philem.12;περὶ φυλακῆς Εὐβοίας.. ἐπιμέλεσθαι IG12.39.76
; ὅπως ἀφανὴς εἴη ἡ φ. that there might be nothing visible to watch, Th.4.67;φυλακὴν [τῶν τειχῶν] ἔρημον καταλιπεῖν Lycurg.17
; φυλακὰς φυλάξειν keep watch and ward, X.An.2.6.10, cf. Pl.Lg. 758d;τὴν ἐν θαλάττῃ φ. φυλάττειν D.7.14
;φ. ποιῆσαι X.An.5.7.31
;τὴν φ. ποιεῖσθαι Lys.12.16
;φυλακὰς ποιήσασθαι X.An.6.3.21
;ἰσχυρὰς φ. ποιεῖσθαι Id.Cyr.1.6.37
; φυλακὰς καταστήσασθαι, κατασκευάσασθαι, Ar.Av. 841, X.HG7.2.23.2 watch or guard, of persons, Pl.Prt. 321d (pl.), Act.Ap.12.10, etc.;φ. ἑωυτοῦ ποιεύμενός [τινας] Hdt.2.154
; φ. τοῦ σώματος a body guard, D.23.3;τῶν σωμάτων Din.1.9
;φ. περὶ τὸ σῶμα X.Cyr.7.5.58
, cf. PHib.1.59.5 (iii B. C.), etc.; garrison of a place or fortress, Hdt.2.30; ἡ ἐν τῇ Ναυπάκτῳ φ., of a squadron of ships, Th.7.17, cf. X.HG1.1.22.3 station, post, Il.10.408 (pl.), 416 (pl.), X.HG5.4.49;φυλακὰς προλιπών E.Rh.18
(anap.); Διὸς φ., Pythag. name for the centre of the universe, Arist.Cael. 293b3.4 of time, a watch of the night,ἐπεὰν τῆς νυκτὸς ἦ δευτέρη φ. Hdt.9.51
; πρώτης φ. ἀρχομένης Wilcken Chr. 1 ii 18 (iii B. C.);φυλακαῖσι νυκτέροισιν E.Rh. 765
;φ. νυκτερινὰς καὶ ἡμερινὰς καθιστάναι X.Cyr.1.6.43
: of these there were three, acc. to Sch.E. Rh.5; but five are mentioned in Stesich.55, Simon.219 A, E.Rh. 543 (lyr.); and the Roman division was four, Ev.Matt.14.25, Suid.5 place for keeping others in, ward, prison,δημοσία φ. D.S.10.30
;εἰς φυλακὴν βληθείς AP11.276
(Lucill.);βαλεῖν τινὰ εἰς φ. Ev.Matt.18.30
, cf. Arr.Epict.1.1.24;θέσθαι τινὰ ἐν φυλακῇ LXX Ge.40.3
, cf. Ev.Matt.14.3; πολιτικὴ φ. the town-prison, POxy.259.8 (i A. D.).6 Astrol. = ταπείνωμα, PMich. in Class.Phil.22.22 (pl.).II guarding, keeping, preserving, whether for security or custody,ἐν φυλακῇ ἔχειν τινά Hdt.1.24
;ἐν φ. ἀδέσμῳ ἔχειν τινά Th.3.34
;ἐν φυλακῇσι μεγάλῃσι ἔχεσθαι Hdt.2.99
; τὸν Ἰσθμὸν ἔχειν ἐν φ. to keep the Isthmus guarded or occupied, Id.7.207, cf. 8.40; τὸν ἠνείκαντο γλώσσης χαρακτῆρα τοῦτον ἔχειν ἐν φ. to preserve the same character of language, Id.1.57;ἔχειν νόον ἐν φ. Thgn.439
;τὰ παρὰ πᾶσιν ἐν πλείστῃ φ., παῖδας καὶ γυναῖκας D.18.215
; ;τὸν πλοῦν διὰ φ. ποιησάμενοι Id.8.39
; στόματος φυλακᾷ κατασχεῖν φθόγγον prob. in A.Ag. 236 (lyr.); ἐν φ. σχεθέμεν μεγάλᾳ be very ware of, Pi.P.4.75; φυλακὴν ἔχειν, = φυλάττεσθαι, keep guard, be on the watch,περί τινα Hdt.1.39
; φ. ἔχων εἴ κως δυναίμην .. ib.38; φ. ἔχειν μή .. Th.2.69; φ. λαμβάνειν μή .. Men.Pk.20; δεινῶς ἦσαν ἐν φυλακῇσι were straitly on their guard, Hdt.3.152, cf. A.Pers. 592 (lyr.).3 safeguard, τὴν μεγίστην φ. ἀνῄρηκε τῆς πόλεως its chief safeguard, And.4.19;φ. παρέχειν Isoc.11.13
; δημοκρατίας, μοναρχίας φ., Lys.25.28, Arist. Pol. 1315a8.III (from [voice] Med.) precaution,πολλῆς φ. ἔργον Pl.R. 537d
;φ. θαυμαστῆς δεομένη Id.Lg. 906a
, al., cf. Th.5.99.2 c. gen., precaution against,εὐλάβεια φ. κακοῦ Pl.Def. 413d
; ;φ. τῶν πάντα μολυνόντων Epicur. Sent.Vat.80
, cf. 73.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φυλακεύς
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9 ὁράω
ὁράω, [var] contr. [full] ὁρῶ even in Il.3.234, [dialect] Ep. [full] ὁρόω 5.244, etc.; [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὄρημι (q. v.); [dialect] Ion. [full] ὁρέω Hdt.1.80, etc., [ per.] 2sg.Aὁρῇς Herod.2.67
, al., [ per.] 3sg.ὁρῇ Hp.Carn.17
, Vid.Ac.I; inf.ὁρῆν Democr.11
, Hp.Carn.2 (but [ per.] 2sg.ὁρᾷς Archil.87
, [ per.] 3sg.ὁρᾷ Semon.7.80
, cf.κατορᾷ Hdt.2.38
; [ per.] 1pl.ὁρῶμεν Id.5.40
; [ per.] 3pl. ὁρῶσι ([etym.] ἐπ-) Id.1.124; inf. ὁρᾶν ib.33, 2.64): the forms ὁρῇς, ὁρῇ, ὁρῆν (exc. when found in [dialect] Dor., as IG42(1).122.2, 15,47 (Epid., iv B. C.); [tense] impf. [ per.] 3sg. ἑώρη ib.28,70) seem to imply ὁρή-ω (cf. ὄρημι), but ὁρᾷ, ὁρῶμεν, ὁρῶσι, etc. imply ὁρᾰ-ω: [dialect] Att. [tense] impf.ἑώρων Th.1.51
, Ar.Pl. 713, Nu. 354, ([etym.] ἐ-) SIG344.110 (Teos, iv B. C.); [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3sg.ὥρα Hdt.1.11
, 3.72, [ per.] 1pl. ὡρῶμεν (v.l. ὁρῶμεν) Id.2.131,[ per.] 2pl.ὡρᾶτε Id.7.8
.β', [ per.] 3pl.ὥρων Id.4.3
, etc.; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.ὅρα Il.16.646
, cf. ὄρημι: [tense] pf. ἑόρᾱκα, a form required by the metre in many passages, as Ar.Th. 32, 33, Av. 1573, Pl.98, 1045, Eup.181.3, Alex.272.1, Men.Epit. 166, Pk. 270, Bato 5.11, etc., whereas the metre never requires ἑώρακα; whence ἑόρακα, -άκη ought always to be restored in early [dialect] Att. writers, though ἑώρακα was used in later Gr., PPetr.2p.55 (iii B. C.), SIG685.74 (ii B. C.), UPZ119.43 (ii B. C.), cf. Theognost.Can. 150 (ἑώρακε<ν> is prob. in Men.5 D.): ἑωρ- in the [tense] impf. prob. comes from ἠ- ϝορ- (with a long form of the augment, cf. ἠειδ- ([etym.] ᾐδ- ) in [tense] impf. of οἶδα, while ἑορ- in the [tense] pf. comes from ϝε-ϝορ-, v. infr.: [dialect] Ion. [tense] pf.ὁρώρηκα Herod.4.77
, al., also ὥρηκα ib.40 ; [dialect] Dor. [tense] pf. part.ὡρακυῖα IG42(1).122.6
(Epid., iv B. C.); [ per.] 1sg. ὥρακα Baillet Inscr. destombeaux des rois 1210: an [tense] aor. 1 ἐσορήσαις only f.l. in Orph.Fr.247.16:—[voice] Med. ὁράομαι, [var] contr. ὁρῶμαι even in Il.13.99 ; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 2sg.ὅρηαι Od.14.343
(v. ὄρημι): [tense] impf. ἑωρώμην, also ὡρώμην ([etym.] προ-) Act.Ap.2.25, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.ὁρᾶτο Il.1.56
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf.ἑώραμαι Isoc.15.110
, D.54.16 : [tense] aor. ἑωράθην only in late Prose, D.S.20.6 ; inf. , Pl.Def. 411b, Luc.Jud.Voc. 6, etc.: [tense] fut.ὁραθήσομαι Gal.UP10.12
: verb. Adj. ὁρᾱτός, ὁρᾱτέον (qq. v.).—Hom. uses [var] contr. forms, as ὁρῶ, ὁρᾷς, ὁρᾷ, ὅρα, ὁρᾶν, ὁρῶν, ὁρῶμαι, ὁρᾶται, ὁρᾶσθαι, ὁρώμενος, as well as lengthd. [dialect] Ep. ὁρόω, ὁράᾳς, ὁράασθαι, ὁρόων, [ per.] 2pl. opt.ὁρόῳτε Il.4.347
, etc. ; besides these forms from ὁρα- ([etym.] ὁρη- ) we haveII from root ὀπ- (v. ὄψ ) the only [tense] fut. in use, ὄψομαι, always in act. sense, Il.24.704, and [dialect] Att., [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 2sg.ὄψεαι 8.471
, Od.24.511: a rare [tense] aor. 1 ἐπ-όψατο in Pi.Fr.88.6 (for ἐπιώψατο, v. ἐπιόψομαι); subj.ὄψησθε Ev.Luc.13.28
(where the v.l. ὄψεσθε may be right): [tense] pf.ὄπωπα Il.6.124
, Od.21.94, Emp.109, Hdt. 3.37,63, Hp.Art.1, Carn.17; Trag. and Com., as A.Eu.57, S.Ant.6, al., Ar.Lys. 1157, 1225, never in [dialect] Att. Prose: [tense] plpf. [ per.] 3sg.ὀπώπει Od.21.123
,ὀπώπεε Hdt.5.92
.ζ';ὀπώπεσαν Id.7.125
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. 1 ὤφθην S.Ant. 709, E.Hec. 970, Th.4.73, etc. ; opt. ([dialect] Ion.)ὀφθείησαν Hdt.8.7
; part. ὀφθείς, inf. ὀφθῆναι, Id.1.9,10 (for ἐπι-οφθέντας, v. ἐπιόψομαι): [tense] fut. , E.HF 1155, And.2.10, Lys.3.34 : [tense] pf. ,ὦψαι D.18.263
, , D.24.66; cf. ὀπτέον.III from ϝιδ- are formed [tense] aor. [voice] Act. εἶδον, inf. ἰδεῖν : [tense] aor. [voice] Med. εἰδόμην, inf. ἰδέσθαι : [tense] pf. with [tense] pres. sense οἶδα I know, inf. εἰδέναι : verb. Adj. ἰστέος (for these tenses, v. Εἴδω). ( ὁρ- prob. from ϝορ-, as indicated by the [tense] impf. and [tense] pf. forms ; cf. βῶροι (i.e. ϝῶροι), Engl. (a)ware.)0-0Senses:I abs., see, look, freq. in Hom.; εἴς τι or εἴς τινα to or at a thing or person, Il.24.633, Od.20.373, al., E.Fr. 607 ;εἰς τὸν πράττοντα Arist.Po. 1460a14
:—[voice] Med., Od.5.439, Hes.Op. 534, Fr. 188 ; but ἔς τινα ὁρᾶν to be of so-and-so's party, Philostr.VS1.18 ; εἰς τὴν Ἀττάλου καθαίρεσιν εἶδεν aimed at.., Zos.6.12 ; forκατ' αὐτοὺς αἰὲν ὅρα Il.16.646
,Τροίην κατὰ πᾶσαν ὁρᾶται 24.291
, cf.καθοράω 11
; ὁρόων ἐπ' ἀπείρονα πόντον looking over the sea, 1.350 ; ὁρᾶν πρός τι look towards,ἀκρωτήριον τὸ πρὸς Μέγαρα ὁρῶν Th.2.93
, cf. AP7.496 (Simon., cj.) ; πρὸς πλοῦν ὁρᾷ looks to sail (i.e. is ready), E.IA[1624];ὁ. ἐπὶ τὴν προδοσίαν D.S.36.3
;πρὸς σπονδάς Id.33.1
.2 have sight, opp. μὴ ὁρᾶν, to be blind, S.Aj.84 ; ὅσ' ἂν λέγωμεν, πάνθ' ὁρῶντα λέξομεν [though I am blind,] my words shall have eyes, i.e. shall be to the purpose, Id.OC74 ; ἐν σκότῳ.. οὓς μὲν οὐκ ἔδει ὀψοίαθ', i.e. should be blind, Id.OT 1274; ἀμβλύτερον ὁ., opp. ὀξύτερον βλέπειν, Pl.R. 596a ; ἐπὶ σμικρὸν ὁ. to be short-sighted, Id.Tht. 174e;ὁ. βραχύ τι Id.R. 488b
.3 see to, look to, i.e. take or give heed, Il.10.239 ; ὁ. εἰς γλῶσσαν.. ἀνδρός look to, pay heed to, Sol.11.7, cf. A.Supp. 104 (lyr.): freq. in imper., like βλέπε, folld. by a dependent clause,ὅρα ὅπως.. Ar.Ec. 300
, cf.Th.5.27; ὅρα εἰ.. see whether.., A.Pr. 997, Pl.Phd. 118, etc.; alsoὅρα μὴ.. S.Ph. 30
, 519, etc.; ὅρα τί ποιεῖς ib. 589 ;πῶς.. ὑπερδικεῖς, ὅρα A.Eu. 652
.4 ὁρᾷς; ὁρᾶτε; see'st thou? d'ye see? parenthetically, esp. in explanations, Ar.Nu. 355, Th. 490, etc.; , Tr. 365 ; also ὁρᾷς; at the beginning of a sentence, Id.El. 628, E.Andr.87 ; ἀλλ'—ὁρᾷς; but, do you see.. ?, Pl.Prt. 336b;ὁρᾷς οὖν.. ὅτι Id.Grg. 475e
; οὐχ ὁρᾷς; ironically, D.18.232.5 c. acc. cogn., like βλέπω 11, look so and so,δεινὸν ὁρῶν ὄσσοισι Hes.Sc. 426
;ὁρᾶν ἀλκάν Pi.O.9.111
;ἔαρ ὁρόωσα Νύχεια Theoc.13.45
; also ἡδέως ὁρᾶν look pleasant, E.IA 1122: c. acc.,κακῶς ὁρᾶν τινα Philostr.VA7.42
.II trans., see an object, behold, perceive, observe, c. acc., freq. in Hom., etc.: [tense] pf. ὄπωπα exclusively in this sense, Il.2.799, Od.21.94, etc. ; ὀφθαλμοῖσιν or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶν to see with or before the eyes, Il.24.392, Od.8.459, etc. ; αἰεὶ τέρμ' ὁρόων always keeping it in sight, keeping his eye on it, Il.23.323 ; φίλως χ' ὁρόῳτε καὶ εἰ δέκα πύργοι Ἀχαιῶν.. μαχοίατο, i.e. δέκα πύργους, εἰ μαχοίατο, 4.347 ; ὁ. τινά look to (for aid), D.45.64 : in signfs. 1 and 11 combined, οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὁρῶν τάδε; A.Ag. 1623, cf. D.25.89.b ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος ἠελίοιο, poet. for ζῆν, like βλέπειν, Il.18.61, Od.4.833, etc.; so , E.Or. 1523, Alc. 691:— in [voice] Med.,φέγγος ὁρᾶσθαι Id.Andr. 113
(eleg.); so ὁρᾶν alone,τὰ γὰρ φθιτῶν τοῖς ὁρῶσι κόσμος Id.Supp.78
(lyr.).c folld. by a clause, οὐχ ὁράᾳς οἷος.. ; Il.21.108 ; ὁρᾷς ἡμᾶς, ὅσοι ἐσμέν; Pl.R. 327c ; οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὅτι ἥμαρτες; A.Pr. 261, cf. 325, 951 ; Διὸς.. οὐχ ὁρῶ μῆτιν ὅπᾳ φύγοιμ' ἄν ib. 906 (lyr.); ἴδεσθέ μ' οἷα.. πάσχω ib.92.d c. part., καπνὸν.. ὁρῶμεν ἀπὸ χθονὸς ἀΐσσοντα we see it rising, Od.10.99; ὁρῶν ἐμαυτὸν ὧδε προυσελούμενον seeing myself thus insulted, A.Pr. 438, cf. 70, 384, al.; ὁρῶ σε κρύπτοντα.. see you hiding.., E.Hec. 342 ; so ὁρῶ μ' ἔργον ἐξειργασμένην I see that I have done, S.Tr. 706 ; cf. infr. 4b ; rarely in reference to the subject, ὁρῶ μὲν ἐξαμαρτάνων (= ὅτι ἐξαμαρτάνω) E.Med. 350:—so in [voice] Med.,ἄνδρα διωκόμενον.. ὁρῶμαι Il.22.169
, cf. A.Pr. 896 (lyr.): also c. inf.,ἑώρων οὐκέτι οἷόν τε εἶναι.. Th.8.60
.e rarely c. gen., οὐδεὶς Σωκράτους οὐδὲν ἀσεβὲς.. οὔτε πράττοντος εἶδεν οὔτε λέγοντος ἤκουσεν (where the Constr. is suggested by the use of ἤκουσεν) X.Mem.1.1.11 ;μέχρι βορῆος ἀπαστράψαντος ἴδηαι Arat. 430
.2 see to,ἴδε πῶμα Od.8.443
; look out for, provide, (anap.), Theoc.15.2 ;πρόβατον εἰς ὁλοκάρπωσιν LXX Ge.22.8
.3 the inf. is used after an Adj.,δεινὸς ἰδεῖν Sol.13.6
;εὐφεγγὴς ἰδεῖν A. Pers. 387
, cf. 398, Ch. 174, 176, al. (cf.Εἴδω A.1.1
a) ; ἐχθίστου.. ὁρᾶν most hateful to behold, S.Aj. 818 ;ὦ πάτερ δύσμοιρ' ὁρᾶν Id.OC 327
;ὁρᾶν στυγνὸς ἦν X.An.2.6.9
:—[voice] Med. or [voice] Pass.,αἰσχρὸς ὁρᾶσθαι Id.Cyn. 3.3
: with an Adv.,μὴ διχορρόπως ἰδεῖν A.Ag. 349
: with a Subst.,ἄνδρα τευχηστὴν ἰδεῖν Id.Th. 644
: with a Verb,πρέπουσι.. ἰδεῖν Id.Supp. 720
, cf. S.OT 792.4 [voice] Med. is used by Poets like [voice] Act., Il.13.99, A.Pers. 179, Ch. 407 (lyr.), S.Ant. 594 (lyr.), Tr. 306, Cratin.138, etc., v. supr. 11.1 b, c: but in Prose [voice] Med. occurs only in compds., as προ-ορῶμαι: for the imper. ἰδοῦ, ἰδού, v. ἰδοῦ.b no [voice] Pass. is used by Hom.; in [dialect] Att. the [voice] Pass. has the sense to be seen, A.Pr. 998,Eu. 411, etc.: c. part., ὤφθημεν ὄντες ἄθλιοι was seen in my wretchedness, E. IT 933 ; he will prove to be..,Pl.
Phdr. 239c, cf. Smp. 178e; τὰ ὁρώμενα all that is seen, things visible, like τὰ ὁρατά, Id.Prm. 130a.III metaph., of mental sight, discern, perceive, S.El. 945, etc.; so blind Oedipus says, φωνῇ γὰρ ὁρῶ, τὸ φατιζόμενον I see by sound, as the saying is, Id.OC 138 (anap.);ἂν οἴνου.. ὀσμὴν ἴδωσιν Alex.222.4
; cf. supr. 1.4,δέρκομαι 1.2
.IV abs., see visions,ὁ ἀληθινῶς ὁρῶν LXX Nu.24.3
,15 :—[voice] Pass., appear in a vision, ὤφθη ἄγγελος πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα ib.Jd.13.3.V interview, ἐμνήσθης μοι ἰδεῖν τὸν κεραμέα περὶ τῶν κεραμίων you told me to see the potter about the jars, PCair.Zen. 264 (iii B.C.). -
10 ὑμενόστρακος
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑμενόστρακος
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11 ὕαλος
ὕᾰλος or [full] ὕελος (v. infr.), ἡ, v. Ael.Dion.Fr. 217; but in Thphr. Lap.49, ὁ:—the form [full] ὕαλος is said to be [dialect] Att., [full] ὕελος Hellenic, Phryn.281, Id.PS p.118 B., Moer.p.373 P., Thom.Mag.p.365 R.; in Hdt. codd. vary between ὕελος and ὕαλος; ὕελος is read in Arist.APo. 88a14, Thphr. l.c., Ign.73, PHolm.10.7, but ὕαλος in LXX Jb. 28.17, Anon.Lond.39.18, Apoc.21.18; cf. ὑάλινος:—originallyA some kind of crystalline stone, such as that used by the Ethiopians to enclose their mummies in, Hdt.3.24;ὕ. ἀργή Peripl.M.Rubr.49
;ὕ. ὀρωρυγμένη
rock-crystal,Ach.Tat.
2.3.2 a convex lens of crystal, used as a burning-glass, , cf. Thphr.Ign.73.II glass, first in Pl.Ti. 61b, cf. Arist.Mete. 389a8, andὑαλῖτις;
glass-ware,PFay.
134.4 (iv A. D.).III ὕαλος χνοώδης, in Paul.Aeg.6.22, is an absorbent of some kind:— ὕαλος is also expld. by βόρβορος in Hsch. and Theognost.Can.18. [ ῠᾰλος, as appears from Ar.Nu. 768:—but late Poets make [pron. full] ῡ in some derivs. to bring them into dactylic verses, ῡάλεος AP6.33, 12.249; ῡέλινος ib. 14.52; ῡαλόεις ib.5.47; ῡαλοειδής Orph.L. 280; in iambic metre, ῡαλόχροα AP6.211.] -
12 κέραμος
κέραμος: anything of earthen ware, pot or jar, such as are sometimes found half buried in the earth (see cut), Il. 3.469; in Il. 5.387, χαλκέῳ ἐν κεράμῳ, serving as a dungeon (cf. the pit into which Joseph was thrown by his brethren).A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > κέραμος
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13 ἀκοστή
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `barley' (Nic. Al. 106).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Hesychius calls the word Cyprian; Schol. on Ζ 506 Thessalian as name for food in general; cf. Bechtel Dial. 1, 204. Unclear ἀκόστιλα ἐλάχιστα H. κοσταί = ἀκοστή H. may have lost its vowel, Kuiper 1956 [FS Kretschmer], 221. - Connected with Lat. acus - eris n. `Granne, Spreu', Goth. ahs, OHG ahir n. etc. `ear (of corn)'. Frisk: "Der Bildung nach wäre ἀκοσ-τή als substantiviertes Femininum ("die Grannige") mit lat. onus-tus, venus-tus ( locus-ta?) zu vergleichen, was natürlich möglich ist" shows the weakness of this explanation; s. Schwyzer 503; but one wouls expect e-grade * akes-. Szemerényi Gnomon 43, 1961, 652 proposes * ako(n)stā \< * akont-tā. The form in - στ- (cf. ἄκαστος) rather points to foreign origin, as would the forms with - γ-, and κοσταί, if these are old.See also: Cf. also ἄχνη.Page in Frisk: 1,56-57Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀκοστή
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14 ἀρβάλη
Grammatical information: f.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unknown.Page in Frisk: --Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀρβάλη
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15 δίκελλᾰ
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: a two-pronged fork (trag., Delos IIIa).Derivatives: δικελλίτης (Luc.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Technical term without explanation. The connection with μάκελλα, μακέλη (Il.) favours an analysis as δί- and μά-κελλα, which is possible only for δί-κελλα: it would be a ι̯α-derivation from *δί-κελος or the like, "with two tooths"; but κελεΐς, κελεός does not fit, nor does σκάλλω; but a corresponding derivation of μα- (IE * sem-) is impossible. Note that the variation - ελλα\/- ελη is un-Greek = Pre-Greek. - "Die Anknüpfung an δικεῖν (Bechtel Lex., Chantr. Form. 99), wobei von einer λ-Ableitung *δικ-ελος auszugehen wäre, hat in der Bedeutung von δίκελλα (eig. *`Worfel, Schippe'?) keinen genügenden Anhalt." The word is, then, probably Pre-Greek (I assume -alya).Page in Frisk: 1,392-393Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δίκελλᾰ
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16 κόθορνος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `high boot, foot-ware for actor with high base, tragic cothurn' (Hdt., Ar.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Perhaps Lydian (Jonkees JournofHell Stud. 60, 80). Prob. Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,891Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόθορνος
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17 κόσσυφος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `blackbird, Turdus merula' (Arist., Matro, AP), metaph. as name of a cock (Paus. 9, 22, 4; Tanagra); also a wrasse (Numen. ap. Ath. 7, 305c, medic., Ael.), because like the blackbird he changes colours with the seasons; also after the sounds? (Strömberg Fischnamen 116); - also κόψιχος (- ικος, - υκος) m. (Com. since Ar., Suid., Moer.).Compounds: PG [Pre-Greek]Derivatives: κοσσυφίζω `sing like a κ.' (Hero). - Fem. Κοσσύφα Dor. name of a hetaire (Schulze Kl. Schr. 707 w. n. 9). Formation in - φος, resp. - χος (Schwyzer 495 a. 498, Chantraine Formation 263 a. 403). - Given the variation clearly a Pre-Greek word.Etymology: - Die Ähnlichkeit zwischen κόψιχος und dem slav. Namen der Amsel, russ.-ksl. kosъ usw. aus * kopso-, wurde schon von Bezzenberger-Fick BB 6, 237 beobachtet. Unter Annahme einer Dissimilation aus *κοψυφος hat Meillet MSL 18, 171ff. auch κόσσυφος angereiht. Daß in κοψι-, *κοψυ- ein alter Stammwechsel i: u erhalten wäre (Specht Ursprung 145), leuchtet nicht ein; die Vokale gehören vielmehr mit dem Suffix zusammen. - Weitere Zurückführung auf eine "Schallwurzel" ḱop- in aind. śápati `verfluchen' usw. (Meillet a. a. O.) ist mehr als zweifelhaft. Nicht besser Haas Ling. Posn. 3, 75. - WP. 1, 457, Pok. 614f., Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. 1, 639. Zum Sachlichen ausführlich Thompson Birds, bzw. Fishes s. v.Page in Frisk: 1,930Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόσσυφος
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18 ὁπλότερος
ὁπλότερος, - τατοςGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: `junior, youngest' always of persons, also applied to women (Il.).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Oppositional formation in - τερος like κουρότερος, ἀγρότερος, ὀρέστερος. After the notable interpretation of the Ancients prop. `able to ware arms, sturdy' as opposed to the γεροντες. Extensive argumentation in Bechtel Lex. s.v., agreeing Schwyzer-Debrunner 183; cf. also Barone Boll. fil. class. 13, 283. Wrong interpretations in Bq.Page in Frisk: 2,405Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὁπλότερος
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19 πίνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to drink'Other forms: Aeol., also Dor. (Call. Cer. 95) πώνω, fut. πίομαι, aor. ἔπιον, πιεῖν (all Hom.; later πεῖν), ipv. πῖθι (com. a.o.), Aeol. πῶθι, pass. ἐπόθην with fut. ποθήσομαι, perf. act. πέπωκα (all Att.), midd. πέπομαι (Od.); besides as causat. πιπίσκω, fut. πίσω, aor. πῖσαι, πισθῆναι, also w. προ-, ἐν-, συν- a.o. `give to drink, water' (Pi., Hp., Nic.).Derivatives: Many derivv. (condensed survey): A. From the zero grade πο-, most with τ-sufflx: 1. ποτόν n. `beverage' (Il.), ποτός `drinkable' (trag., Th.; ἔμποτος Aret.), πότος m. `drinking, beverage' (Att., Theoc.); from this πότ-ιμος `drinkable, fresh, pleasant' (IA; Arbenz 50f.), - ικός `inclined towards drinking etc.' (Alc. com., Plu.), most συμ- πίνω `belonging to the bacchanalia, pot companion' (Att.: συμπό-της, - σιον, s. v.); - ίζω, Dor. - ίσδω, also with προ- a.o., `to make drink, to drench' (IA., Theoc.) with - ισμός, - ισμα, - ιστές, - ιστήριον, - ιστρίς, - ίστρα. 2. ποτή f. `drink, draught' (pap.) gen. a. acc. - ῆτος, - ῆτα (Hom.; metr. enlerged, orig. at verse-end; Schwyzer 529 w. n. 1 a. lit.; not haplolog. from *ποτο-τη-τος, - τη-τα with Fraenkel Gnomon 21, 40 a.o.); πότ-ημα n. `(medical) drink' (medic.; enlarged form, Chantraine Form. 178). 3. πόσις f. (also w. προ-, κατα- a.o. in diff. senses) `drinking, drink, bacchanalia' (Il.) with πόσιμος `drinkable' (pap. IVp, Ps.-Callisth.; cf. πότιμος above); πόμα s.v. 4. ποτήρ m. `drinking cup' (E.), - ήριον n. `id.' (Aeol. IA.); πότης m. `drinker' (only in πότης λύχνος Ar. Nu. 57), f. πότις (com.); both from the usual compp., e.g. συμπό-της (Pi.), οἰνο-πό-της, - τις (Anacr. etc.), disjoined? (Leumann Mus. Helv. 2, 12 = Kl. Schr. 226); superl. ποτίστατος (Ar. a.o.); to this derivv. like συμπόσ-ιον `bacchanalia' (Pi., Alc.), καταπότ-ιον `pill' (medic.; καταπότης `throat' H., Suid.); οἰνοποτ-ά-ζω `to drink wine' (Hom.). 5. καταπό-θρα f. `(region of the) throat' (Paul. Aeg.). -- B. From the full grade: πῶμα n. `draught, drink, beverage' (Att.), ἔκπω-μα n. `drinking ware' (IA.), beside πόμα ( πρό-, κατά-, ἔκ- πίνω) n. `id.' (Pi., Ion. hell.); ἔκπωτις = ἄμπωτις ( Cat. Cod. Astr.); εὔπωνος ὄμβρος εὔποτος H., γακου-πώνης ἡδυπότης H. -- C. From the zero grade πῑ-: 1. πίστρα f., πῖστρα n. pl. `drinks' (E. Kyk., Str.), also πισμός, πιστήρ, πιστήριον H.; with analog. - σ- as 2. πιστός `drinkable, fluid' (A.; after χριστός, Leumann Mus. Helv. 14, 79 = Kl. Schr. 264), πιστικός `id.' (Ev. Marc., Ev. Io.); 3. Boeot. πιτεύω `to drench, to water' with ἀ-πίτευτος `unwatered' (Thespiae IIIa), from a noun *πῑτ(ο)-; cf. below. To be rejected Brugmann IF 39, 149 ff. (to πίων, OCS pitati `to feed' etc.); cf. Benveniste BSL 51, 29 f. w. lit.Etymology: The above system developed on the basis of an IE starting point independently inside Greek. From the imperatives πῖ-θι and πῶ-θι we can conclude to two athematic root-aorists *ἔ-πῑ-ν and *ἔ-πω-ν; to the latter provides Skt. á-pā-m (with pā-hí = πῶ-θι) an exact agreement: IE *é-peh₃-m. As zero grade was pī- in the plur. at home: IE *é-piH-me, which in Skt. was replaced by full grade á-pā-ma but in Greek πῖθι left a trace; note further OCS 2. a. 3. sg. aor. pi. Further, in Greek the athemat. forms wer replaced by the themat. ἔ-πι-ον with generalized zero grade. The origin of the form piH- is not well known. The shortvocalic subj. of this root-aorist lives on in fut. πί-ο-μαι (like ἔδ-ο-μαι; s. ἔδω); to the aorist still the nasal prsesents πί-ν-ω and πώ-ν-ω; cf. ἔ-δῡ-ν: δύ̄-ν-ω. To *ἔ-πῑ-ν was formed the factitive ἔ-πῑ-σα `I gave to drink' after ἔ-στη-ν: ἔ-στη-σα, ἔ-φῡν: ἔ-φῡ-σα a.o.; to this the reduplicated pres. πι-πί-σκω (cf. δι-δά-σκω: δα-ῆναι, βι-βά-σκω: ἔ-βη-σα: ἔ-βη-ν). The strongly spread zero grade πο- ( πέποται, ἐπόθην, πόσις usw.) is a Greek innovation after δο- ( δέδοται, ἐδόθην, δόσις). The perf. act. πέ-πω-κα agrees with Skt. pa-páu, but can also have been created newly to *ἔ-πω-ν. The nominal stem πῑτ- in πιτεύω is inherited and is found also in Skt. pī-tá- `drunk(en)', pī-ti ́'drinking, drink'. The 2. member in εὔ-πωνος and γακου-πώνης agrees with Skt. pā́-na-m n. `drink'. In ablaut deviating are πο-τήρ `drinking cup' (only E.; οἰνο-ποτῆρας acc. pl. θ 456 metr. for - πότας) and Skt. pā-tár- 'drinker', comparable πό-σις and pī-tí- (s. ab.); rather parallel innovations than old inherited material. -- Among the remaining many representatives of this family we mention only the reduplicated zero grade themat. pres. Sk. pí-b-ati, Lat. bi-b-ō, OIr. 2. pl. ipv. i-b-id (phonetically in detail uncertain) and the Lat. nouns pō-tus, pō-culum. (The Skt. caus. pāy-áyati goes back on *po-i-ei̯-, not a full grade *pōi̯-) -- On the histoy of the Greek forms s. Leumann Mus. Helv. 14, 75ff. (= Kl. Schr. 260ff.); further material of the other languages with rich lit. in WP. 2, 71 f., Pok. 839 f., W.-Hofmann s. bibō, Mayrhofer s. píbati and pā́ti 2. -- On ἄμπωτις and πῖνον s. v.Page in Frisk: 2,540-542Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πίνω
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20 πόλτος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `flour porridge' (Alcm., Epich., Plu.).Compounds: πολτο-ποιέω `to make into π.' (Orib.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Formation like χόρτος, φόρτος a. o. and in gen. reminding of πάλη `fine flour', πέλανος `liquid substance (of flour)' (s. vv.), but the closer relation cannot be indicated. -- To this, prob. as LW [loanword], Lat. puls, - tis f. `id.' with pultārius `table-ware' (orig. for porridge), from where again πολτάριος `id.' (Gal.) with the dimin. βουλταρίδιον ( PHolm.); cf. W.-Hofmann s. v. w. lit. -- So no etym.Page in Frisk: 2,577Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πόλτος
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