-
21 πῦρ
πῦρ, πῠρόςGrammatical information: n.Meaning: `fire' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. pukawo = *πυρ-καϜοι?Compounds: Many compp., e.g. πυρ-καϊά, Ion. -ϊή f. `fireplace, pyre' (Il.), from *πυρ-καϜ-ιά̄, compound of πῦρ and καίω ( καῦ-σαι) with ι̯ᾱ-suffix, acc. as in σποδιά, ἀνθρακιά a. o.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 93 w. diff. interpretation; cf. Myc. pukawo; πυρ-φόρος `fire- or torch-bearing, -bearer' (Pi.), later also πυρο-φόρος; cf. Schwyzer 440; πυρι-γενής `born, worked in fire' (E. a.o.); ἄ-πυρ-ος `untouched by fire, without fire' (Il.); on πυρ-πολέω s. πέλομαι; on πυρ-αύστης etc. s. 2. αὔω; on πυρι-ήκης s. v.Derivatives: Many derivv. A. Subst.: 1. πῠρά n. pl. `watch-fires' (Il.), dat. πυροῖς (X.), prop. plur. of πῦρ with transition in the ο-stems and accentshift (Egli Heteroklisie 18 a. 22 f.). 2. πυρ-ά̄, Ion. -ή f. `fireplace, pyre' (IL). 3. πυρ-σός m., pl. alo - σά n. `firebrand, fire-signal' (with remarkable oxytonesis) with - σώδης `firebrand-like' (E. in lyr.), - σεύω `to ignite, to give a fire-signal' (E.; X.), - σεία, - σευτήρ, σευτής (hell.), - σίτης `fire-colour' (Philostr.). 4. πυρ-ετός m. `burning heat, fever' (Χ 31; after νιφετός? Porzig Satzinhalte 245) with πυρ-έσσω, Att. - έττω, aor. - έξαι, adj. - εκτικός; - ετιάω, - εταίνω, - ετώδης, - έτιον, - ετικός. 5. πυρ-εῖα, Ion. -ήϊα n. pl. `lighter, firesticks' (h. Merc.; not with Zumbach Neuerungen 14 from πυρή `pyre'). 6. πυρ-ία, Ion. - ίη f. `vapour-, sweating-bath etc.' (Ion., Arist.), `fishing by torchlight' (Arist.), with - ιάω `to prepare a vapour-bath, to foment, to warm' (Hp.), from which - ίαμα, - ίασις, - ιατήρ, - ιατήριον (Scheller Oxyton. 55); also - ιάτη f. `warmed animal-milk' (com.). 7. πυρ-ίδιον n. `spark' (Thphr.). 8. πυρ-ίτης m. `copper ore, ore' (Dsc., pap.), "fireman", surn. of Hephaistos (Luc.); Redard 36, 60, 245. 9. πύρ-εθρον, - ος, - ωθρον `pellitory, Anthemis pyrethrum' (because of the warming effect; Strömberg Pfl.namen 82 a. 146f.). 10. πυρ-αλ(λ)ίς s. v. 11. Πυρ-ωνία surn. of Artemis (Paus.). -- B. Adj.: 1. πυρ-ώδης `fire-like, fiery' (IA.); 2. - ινος `fiery' (Arist., Plb.); 3. - όεις `id.' (hell.), also as n. of the planet Mars (Arist., hell.); 4. on πυρρός s. v. C. Verbs: 1. πυρ-όομαι, - όω, also w. ἐκ- a.o., `to catch fire, to set on fire' (Pi., Ion. Att.; Wackernagel Unt. 124) with πύρ-ωσις ( ἐκ-, δια- a.o.) f., - ωμα, - ωτής, - ωτικός; 2. πυρ-εύω `to make fire, to kindle' (Pl.; ἐμπυρ-εύω, - ίζω from ἔμ-πυρος) with - εύς, - ευτής, - ευτικός (more in Bosshardt 83); 3. πυρ-άζω EM as explanation of 4. πυρακτέω; s.v.Etymology: With πῦρ, πῠρ-ός agrees exactly Umbr. pir nom. acc. (from * pūr), abl. pur-e (from *pŭr-), thus, with secondary vowelenlargement, Arm. hur, gen. hr-oy (\< *pū̆r-o-) and OWNo. fūrr, fȳrr (\< PGm. * fūr-i-). The word was originally an heteroclitic r \/ n- stem and is still so inflected in Hitt. paḫḫu(u̯a)r, gen. paḫḫu̯enaš. Traces of this formation can still be seen in Germ.: Goth. fōn, gen. fun-ins as opposed to OHG fuir, fiur, Feuer; also in Arm.: hn-oç `fireplace, furnace' a opposed to hur (s. above); note also Toch. A pl. por-äṃ (= -n; combination of r and n?, v. Windekens IF 65, 249 ff.). The ablaut, which appears already from the above cited forms, is now reconstructed as a proterodynamic r\/n-neuter: IE *peh₂-ur: ph₂-u̯en-s; cf. Specht KZ 59, 283ff.), was simplified in Greek (the change in quantity is not old). -- Beside this neutral matter-indicating word for `fire' Indo-European had an as old word indicating fire as active entity in Lat. ignis, Skt. agní-, Lith. ugnìs, OCS ognь; a parallel double designation, which represents two different interpretations of nature, is found with the words for `water' (s. ὕδωρ). On this Schulze Kl. Schr. 194f., Meillet MSL 21, 249ff., Bonfante Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 33ff., Mastrelli Arch. glottol. it. 43, 1 ff. On tabuistic replacing words for `fire' Havers Sprachtabu 64ff. Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 14f., Pok. 828, W.-Hofmann s. pūrus (relation quite hypothetic and quite doubtful; s. on this with further discussion Mayrhofer s. punā́ti; also Blesse KZ 75, 195).Page in Frisk: 2,627-629Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πῦρ
-
22 πῠρός
πῦρ, πῠρόςGrammatical information: n.Meaning: `fire' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. pukawo = *πυρ-καϜοι?Compounds: Many compp., e.g. πυρ-καϊά, Ion. -ϊή f. `fireplace, pyre' (Il.), from *πυρ-καϜ-ιά̄, compound of πῦρ and καίω ( καῦ-σαι) with ι̯ᾱ-suffix, acc. as in σποδιά, ἀνθρακιά a. o.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 93 w. diff. interpretation; cf. Myc. pukawo; πυρ-φόρος `fire- or torch-bearing, -bearer' (Pi.), later also πυρο-φόρος; cf. Schwyzer 440; πυρι-γενής `born, worked in fire' (E. a.o.); ἄ-πυρ-ος `untouched by fire, without fire' (Il.); on πυρ-πολέω s. πέλομαι; on πυρ-αύστης etc. s. 2. αὔω; on πυρι-ήκης s. v.Derivatives: Many derivv. A. Subst.: 1. πῠρά n. pl. `watch-fires' (Il.), dat. πυροῖς (X.), prop. plur. of πῦρ with transition in the ο-stems and accentshift (Egli Heteroklisie 18 a. 22 f.). 2. πυρ-ά̄, Ion. -ή f. `fireplace, pyre' (IL). 3. πυρ-σός m., pl. alo - σά n. `firebrand, fire-signal' (with remarkable oxytonesis) with - σώδης `firebrand-like' (E. in lyr.), - σεύω `to ignite, to give a fire-signal' (E.; X.), - σεία, - σευτήρ, σευτής (hell.), - σίτης `fire-colour' (Philostr.). 4. πυρ-ετός m. `burning heat, fever' (Χ 31; after νιφετός? Porzig Satzinhalte 245) with πυρ-έσσω, Att. - έττω, aor. - έξαι, adj. - εκτικός; - ετιάω, - εταίνω, - ετώδης, - έτιον, - ετικός. 5. πυρ-εῖα, Ion. -ήϊα n. pl. `lighter, firesticks' (h. Merc.; not with Zumbach Neuerungen 14 from πυρή `pyre'). 6. πυρ-ία, Ion. - ίη f. `vapour-, sweating-bath etc.' (Ion., Arist.), `fishing by torchlight' (Arist.), with - ιάω `to prepare a vapour-bath, to foment, to warm' (Hp.), from which - ίαμα, - ίασις, - ιατήρ, - ιατήριον (Scheller Oxyton. 55); also - ιάτη f. `warmed animal-milk' (com.). 7. πυρ-ίδιον n. `spark' (Thphr.). 8. πυρ-ίτης m. `copper ore, ore' (Dsc., pap.), "fireman", surn. of Hephaistos (Luc.); Redard 36, 60, 245. 9. πύρ-εθρον, - ος, - ωθρον `pellitory, Anthemis pyrethrum' (because of the warming effect; Strömberg Pfl.namen 82 a. 146f.). 10. πυρ-αλ(λ)ίς s. v. 11. Πυρ-ωνία surn. of Artemis (Paus.). -- B. Adj.: 1. πυρ-ώδης `fire-like, fiery' (IA.); 2. - ινος `fiery' (Arist., Plb.); 3. - όεις `id.' (hell.), also as n. of the planet Mars (Arist., hell.); 4. on πυρρός s. v. C. Verbs: 1. πυρ-όομαι, - όω, also w. ἐκ- a.o., `to catch fire, to set on fire' (Pi., Ion. Att.; Wackernagel Unt. 124) with πύρ-ωσις ( ἐκ-, δια- a.o.) f., - ωμα, - ωτής, - ωτικός; 2. πυρ-εύω `to make fire, to kindle' (Pl.; ἐμπυρ-εύω, - ίζω from ἔμ-πυρος) with - εύς, - ευτής, - ευτικός (more in Bosshardt 83); 3. πυρ-άζω EM as explanation of 4. πυρακτέω; s.v.Etymology: With πῦρ, πῠρ-ός agrees exactly Umbr. pir nom. acc. (from * pūr), abl. pur-e (from *pŭr-), thus, with secondary vowelenlargement, Arm. hur, gen. hr-oy (\< *pū̆r-o-) and OWNo. fūrr, fȳrr (\< PGm. * fūr-i-). The word was originally an heteroclitic r \/ n- stem and is still so inflected in Hitt. paḫḫu(u̯a)r, gen. paḫḫu̯enaš. Traces of this formation can still be seen in Germ.: Goth. fōn, gen. fun-ins as opposed to OHG fuir, fiur, Feuer; also in Arm.: hn-oç `fireplace, furnace' a opposed to hur (s. above); note also Toch. A pl. por-äṃ (= -n; combination of r and n?, v. Windekens IF 65, 249 ff.). The ablaut, which appears already from the above cited forms, is now reconstructed as a proterodynamic r\/n-neuter: IE *peh₂-ur: ph₂-u̯en-s; cf. Specht KZ 59, 283ff.), was simplified in Greek (the change in quantity is not old). -- Beside this neutral matter-indicating word for `fire' Indo-European had an as old word indicating fire as active entity in Lat. ignis, Skt. agní-, Lith. ugnìs, OCS ognь; a parallel double designation, which represents two different interpretations of nature, is found with the words for `water' (s. ὕδωρ). On this Schulze Kl. Schr. 194f., Meillet MSL 21, 249ff., Bonfante Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 33ff., Mastrelli Arch. glottol. it. 43, 1 ff. On tabuistic replacing words for `fire' Havers Sprachtabu 64ff. Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 14f., Pok. 828, W.-Hofmann s. pūrus (relation quite hypothetic and quite doubtful; s. on this with further discussion Mayrhofer s. punā́ti; also Blesse KZ 75, 195).Page in Frisk: 2,627-629Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πῠρός
-
23 πῡρός
πῡρόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `(grain of) wheat' (Il.).Other forms: mostly pl. πῡροί (Schwyzer-Debr. 43, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 2, 30), Dor. (Cos, Thera, Syracuse a.o.) σπυρός.Compounds: Compp., e.g. πυρο-φόρος `wheat-bearing' (Il.), διόσ-πυρον n. `the cherry-like fruit of Celtis australis' (Thphr.), - πυρος m. = λιθόσπερμον (Dsc.; Strömberg Pfl.namen 128 a. 138); on the gender cf. βούτυρον, - ος (s.v.).Derivatives: Dimin. πυρίδια pl. n. (Ar., pap.); the adj. πύρ-ινος (E., X., hell.), - ικός (pap.), - ώδης (Str.), - άμινος (Hes. fr. 117 a.o.; after κυάμ-, σησάμ-ινος; Forbes Mnem. 4: 11, 157) `of wheat', - αμίς, - αμοῦς (s. v.); the subst. πυρ-ίτης ἄρτος `wheat-bread' (Aët.), αὑτο-πυρίτης (Phryn. Com., Hp.) = αὑτό-πυρος a. o. (Redard 90). -- Also πυρήν, - ῆνος m. `pip, stone of fruit' (Ion., Arist., hell.; Solmsen Wortforsch. 125f.) with ἀ-πύρην-ος `pitless' (Ar. Fr. 118, Thphr. etc.) a.o.; πυρην-ίς (Tanagra IIIa; wr. πουρεινις), - ιον (Thphr.), - ίδιον (Delos IIIa, pap.) `kernel, knag, knob'; also πυρην-άδες f. pl. n. of guild in Ephesos (inscr.); - ώδης `pit-like' (Thphr.).Etymology: Old designation of wheat, which is also retained in Balto-Slav., e.g. Lith. pūraĩ pl. `winter corn', sg. pũras m. `single corn of winter corn', SCr. pȉr m. `spelt', Russ.-CSl. pyro ' ὄλυρα, κέγχρος', Russ. pyréj `dog-grass, Triticum repens'; to this from Germ. OE fyrs `dog-grass' (deviating stem; cf. Specht Ursprung 69). Skt. pūraḥ m. `cake' remains far (Mayrhofer KEWA s.v. w. lit.). On the facts Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 647. -- Anlaut. σ- in σπυρός perh. from σῖτος or from σπόρος, σπέρμα (Fraenkel Phil. 97, 169 f., IF 59, 304 f.). Further forms w. lit. in Fraenkel and Vasmer s.vv.; also WP. 2, 83 and Pok. 850. -- Orig. old `Wanderwort' (Schwyzer 58 n. 3 with Güntert a.o.)? After Nieminen KZ 74, 170f. as "what is beaten, what is threshed" to IE * pēu-, pǝu- (Pok. 827) `beat, hew cutting' in Lith. piáuti `cut, mow', Lat. paviō `beat'; worth considering.Page in Frisk: 2,631Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πῡρός
-
24 ῥόα
ῥόα ( ῥοά Hdn. Gr.)Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `pomegranate', tree and fruit (Od.).Derivatives: ῥοΐδιον n. `little pomegranate' (Men., pap. IIp), ῥοΐδια (cod. ῥυδία) ῥοὰ η ῥοιά H.; ῥοιάς, - άδος f. `poppy, papaver' (Dsc.); after the flowers, s. Strömberg Pfl.namen 52; ῥοών, - ῶνος m. `pomegranate plantation' (LXX).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: With ῥοιή: ῥοιά: ῥόα cf. χροιή: - οιά: - όα. If not a LW [loanword] (Schwyzer 348 a. 469), perh. with Strömberg l.c. to ῥέω because of the richness of saps. Basic form perh. *ῥοϜ-ιά, so ιᾱ-deriv. from ῥοῦς `stream'; cf. σκοπ-ιά (: σκοπός), ἐσχατ-ιά (: ἔσχατος) etc. The suffix can be related to the concrete meaning. -- On the plantnames ῥοῦς m. `sumach' and ῥύτρος s.v.; they do not belong το ῥέω (Strömberg l.c.). -- The word can be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,660Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥόα
-
25 ῥοά
ῥόα ( ῥοά Hdn. Gr.)Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `pomegranate', tree and fruit (Od.).Derivatives: ῥοΐδιον n. `little pomegranate' (Men., pap. IIp), ῥοΐδια (cod. ῥυδία) ῥοὰ η ῥοιά H.; ῥοιάς, - άδος f. `poppy, papaver' (Dsc.); after the flowers, s. Strömberg Pfl.namen 52; ῥοών, - ῶνος m. `pomegranate plantation' (LXX).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: With ῥοιή: ῥοιά: ῥόα cf. χροιή: - οιά: - όα. If not a LW [loanword] (Schwyzer 348 a. 469), perh. with Strömberg l.c. to ῥέω because of the richness of saps. Basic form perh. *ῥοϜ-ιά, so ιᾱ-deriv. from ῥοῦς `stream'; cf. σκοπ-ιά (: σκοπός), ἐσχατ-ιά (: ἔσχατος) etc. The suffix can be related to the concrete meaning. -- On the plantnames ῥοῦς m. `sumach' and ῥύτρος s.v.; they do not belong το ῥέω (Strömberg l.c.). -- The word can be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,660Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥοά
-
26 ῥόδον
Grammatical information: n.Other forms: Aeol. βρόδον OKDialectal forms: Myc. wodowe \/ wordo-wen\/ epithet of oil, s. Chadwick-Baumbach 243, Lejeune Mémoires 2, 26.Compounds: Compp., e.g. ῥοδο-δάκτυλος `rosyfingered', adjunct of Ήώς (Hom.), βροδο-δάκτυλος of the moon (Sapph.); cf. Leumann Hom. Wörter 18 n. 9), κυνό-ρροδον n. `dog rose, Rosa canina' (Thphr.; Strömberg Pfl.namen 30 a. 98).Derivatives: 1. ῥοδ-έα, - έη, -ῆ f. `rose tree' (Archil.); 2. -( ε)ών, -( ε)ῶνος m. `bed of roses' (AP, pap.) with - ωνιά f. `bed of roses, rose garden, rose tree' (Hecat.; Scheller Oxytonierung 70); 3. - ιη f. `bed of roses' (Mycale IVa); 4. - όεις `of roses' (Ψ 186, B., E. in lyr.), - εος `id, roselike' (poet. h. Cer.), - ινος `of roses' (Anacr.); on the adj. s. Schmid - εος und - ειος 47 w. n.1, Zumbach Neuerungen 14, and Forderer Gnomon 30, 96; 5. - άριον n. `rose ornament' (pap.), - ίς, - ίδος f. `rose pastille' (Dsc.); 6. - ίτης m. `rose wine' (Dsc.; Redard 98), - ῖτις f. n. of a stone, because of the colour (Plin.; Redard 60); 7. - ουντία f. `dish flavoured with roses' (Ath.; as if from *ῥοδοῦς; cf. Scheller l.c. w. n.1); 8. - ίζω `to cover with roses', of a tomb, with - ισμός, - ίσια pl. = Lat. Rosalia (Asia Minor), also `to make smell like roses' (Thphr., Alex. Aphr.), intr. `to resemble a rose' (Dsc.); 9. also the islandname ` Ρόδος ? (Georgacas Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 6,155).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Iran. ?Etymology: PGr. Ϝρόδον (= Aeol. βρόδον) comes from the east, pob. first like Arm. vard `rose' from OIran. *u̯r̥da- ( \> NPers. gul `id.'); Schwyzer 344 n. 2 with Schulze (s.bel.). To this also Aram. wardā', Arab. ward `id.' Further history debated; after Mayrhofer Arch. Or. 18, 74 from Arab. warada `bloom', waruda `be red'; recalled by Mayrhofer Sprache 7(1961)185. Diff. Schulze BerlAkSb. 1910, 806ff.: with Germ., e.g. OE word `thorn-bush', Lat. rubus `blackberry-bush' from IE *u̯r̥dho-; to be rejected. Pelasgian etymology by v. Windekens Le Pélasgique 132. -- From Greek prob. Lat. rosa, in detail unlear (s. W.-Hofmann s.v.).Page in Frisk: 2,660-661Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥόδον
-
27 ῥύτρος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `plant with pricking extremities, Echinops Viscosus' (Thphr.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Strömberg Pfl.namen 52 derived the word from ῥέω, which is quite uncertain.Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥύτρος
-
28 σάτυρος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `Satyr', mostly in plur. as des. of mythical beings of nature, which belong to the company of Dionysos and which are often represented as (he-)goats (since Hes. Fr. 198, 2); metaph. as des. of apes with tail (Paus., Ael.).Derivatives: 1. dimin. σατυρ-ίσκος m. (Theoc. a.o.), also as plantname (Ps.-Dsc.), - ίδιον n. (Stratt.); 2. - ικός `satyr-like, belonging to the satyr play' (Pl., X., Arist. etc.; Chantraine Études 150), - ιος `id.' (pap.), - ώδης `satyr-like' (Luc. a.o.); 3. - ιον n. name of several plants, which were used as sexual rousing means (Dsc., Plu., Gal. a.o.; Strömberg Pfl.namen 93 a. 100), also name of an aquarian animal (Arist.); 4. - ιστής m. `actor in a satyr play' (D. H.; after κιθαριστής etc.); 5. - ιάω `to suffer from satyriasis' (Arist., medic.) with - ίασις, Ion. - ίησις f., also - ι(α)σμός m. (medic.); also - ιακός `causing satyriasis' (Ruf.), - ιακή f. `remedy against s.' (medic.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Appellative meaning unknown (on the notion Nilsson Gr. Rel. I2 232ff. w. lit.), so without etymology; without doubt foreign word. Several hypotheses 1. old, inherited: a. Solmsen IF 30, 36 ff.: prop. "cui membrun... turget", from *σήν `penis' (s. σαίνω) and tū̆- `swell' (s. τύλη). b. Brugmann IF 39, 114ff.: σα- strengthening (s. σαφής) with 2. member like Solmsen. c. Grošelj Živa Ant. 2, 215ff.: to ψῆν with suffix - τυ-ρο-ς, prop. "the gnawer". 2. Illyrian: a. Krahe Sprache 1, 37ff. (after Eisler; w. lit.): to IE * sē- `sow', prop. "the sower" and identical with Lat. sator. b. Kerényi Studi e materiali di storia delle religioni 9, 151 ff. and Rev. int. ét. balk. 2: 1--2, 21: to IE * sā- `satiate' (s. ἅδην and ἆσαι), prop. "full, plump being" and identical with Lat. satur. -- Cf. Σιληνός and τίτυρος. -- The word is prob. Pre-Greek: suffix - υρ-.Page in Frisk: 2,681-682Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σάτυρος
-
29 σέρις
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `endive, chicory' (Epich., Dsc., AP a.o.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unexplained.Page in Frisk: 2,693Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σέρις
-
30 σέσελι
Grammatical information: n.,Meaning: `small hortwort, Tordylium officinale' (Hp., Arist., Thphr., Dsc. a. o.)Other forms: - ις f., also σίλι n. (Plin.); cf. also σιλλικύπριον n. des. of an Egypt. tree (Hdt. 2, 94; Strömberg Pfl.namen 127).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Egypt.Etymology: Foreign word like πέπερι, κιννάβαρι a. o.; after Ps.-Dsc. Egypt. name for καυκαλίς. Cf. Nencioni Arch. glottol. it. 33, 125 f. Lat. LW [loanword] seselis, sil.Page in Frisk: 2,693Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σέσελι
-
31 σῐδηρος
σῐ́δηροςGrammatical information: m. (f. Nic. Th. 923)Meaning: `iron, steel', also `iron tool, sword, iron weapon etc.', metaph. `(iron) toughness' (Il.).Other forms: Dor. -ᾱρος.Compounds: Compp., e.g. σιδηρό-φρων `iron-minded' (A., E.), σιδηρο-κόντρα f. `hunting spear' (Gortyn, Sagalassos; Zingerle Glotta 19, 80ff.), ὁλο-σίδηρος `made completely of iron' (Attika, Delos a. o.).Derivatives: (Dor. forms not esp. indicated): Subst. 1. σιδήρ-ιον n. `iron tool' (IA., Cret.); 2. - ίσκος m. des. of a medic. instrument (Crete V--IVa; as ὀβελίσκος a. o.; Chantraine Form. 408); 3. - εῖα, - εῖον n. `iron mine' (Arist., Delos etc.); 4. - εύς m. `iron smith' (X. a.o.; Bosshardt 56); 5. - ίτης m., - ῖτις f. `made of iron, iron' (Pi., Eup. a. o.), also name of a stone (Plin., Orph. a.o.) and several plants, "vervain" (J., Dsc. a. o.; as healing wounds by stabbing, s. Strömberg Pfl.namen 89, Redard 61, 76 etc. [s. index]). Adj. 6. - ε(ι)ος, - οῦς, - ιος `iron' (Il.); 7. - ήεις `id.' (Nic.), - όεις (EM), - εόεις (Ep. Alex. Adesp.); 8. - ώδης `id.' (sch.). Verbs; 9. - όομαι, - όω `to be provided with i.' (Th., inscr. etc.) with - ωσις f. `ironwork' (Att. inscr. a. o.), - ώματα n. pl. `iron mountings' (pap. Vp), - ωτός `to stud with i.' ( Edict. Diocl.); 10. - εύω `to work with i., to forge' (Poll.) with - εία f. `ironwork' (X.); 11. - ίζω `to resemble i., to contain i.' (medic.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Unexplained. As iron and use of it reached the Greeks prob. from Asia Minor, the Pontus and Caucasus area, the word prob. came the same way. The similarity with Caucas. (Udian) zido `iron' is therefore perh. not accidental; it is also possible that zido was a loan from σίδηρος. -- The old connection with Lat. sīdus `constellation' (Pott) A. W. Persson tried (s. Kretschmer Glotta 26, 64) to give a new foundation assuming, that σίδηρος orig. referred to meteoric iron. Still diff. Deroy Ant. class. 31, 98 ff. (with further very bold combinations): prop. "the red metall" and with σίδη `pomegranate' from pregr. * sida `red'. Crepajac too KZ 80, 249ff. believes in connection with σίδη, but as Illyr. LW [loanword] (IE *su̯eid- 'gleam, be red'). -- Further lit. on σίδηρος and to the other IE words for `iron' in Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 1, 234ff. -- Furnée 105 n. connects Udian zido and thinks the word is Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,703-704Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σῐδηρος
-
32 σισύμβριον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `bergamot mint, Mentha aquatica' (com., Arist., Thphr., Dsc. a. o.), `watercress, Nasturtium officinale' (Dsc., Plin.); metaph. as des. of a female ornament (com. after Poll.). Backformation σίσυμβρ-ον n. (Nic., AP); adj. - ινος `made of σ.' (Antiph., Thphr.).Other forms: -- σισυρίγχιον n. `barbary nut, Iris sisyrinchium' (Thphr.).Derivatives: Adj. - ινος `made of σ.' (Antiph., Thphr.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Unclear. Arbitrary suppositions by Strömberg Pfl.namen 158 n. 1: redupicated formations to θύμβρα (with dialectal θ \> σ) resp. to σῦριγξ (with χ-suffix). -- Prob. a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 2,710Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σισύμβριον
-
33 σκύλαξ
σκύλαξ, - ᾰκοςGrammatical information: f., m.Meaning: `doggy, puppy' (Od.), also `whelp, cub' in gen. (E. in lyr., Nic., Luc. a.o.); metaph. `collar, neckband' (Pl. Com., Plb.).Derivatives: 1. Dimin. σκυλάκ-ιον n. (IA.). 2. Fem. - αινα (AP), -η (Orph.). 3. Subst. - ῖτις f. `protectress of σ.', surname of Artemis (Orph.; Redard 212); - εύς m. = σκύλαξ (Opp.; rather metr. enlargement than bakformation from - εύω; cf. Bosshardt 71 and Kretschmer Glotta 11, 228). 4. Adj. - ειος `of σ.' (Hp., S. E.; Schmid - εος u. - ειος 51); - ώδης 'σ.-like' (X.); - ευτικός `belonging to σ.' (Ph.; analog. enlargement). 5. Verb - εύω of dogs act. `to mate, to copulate' (X., Arr.), pass. `to be raised' (Str., Max. Tyr.) with - εία f. `dog-breeding' (Plu., Poll.), - ευμα n. `offspring' (Epigr. ap. Plu., AP), - ευτής m. `dogbreeder' (Him.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: A word of the very large group of familiar and technical words in - αξ (cf. esp. μεῖραξ, δέλφαξ, πόρταξ etc., Chantraine Form. 377 ff.), σκύλαξ belongs first to σκύλ-ιον n. name of a shark (Arist.) and to σκύλλα fishname (Nic. Fr. 137 Schn.); s. Solmsen Wortforsch. 20 n. 1 (p. 21); to this, also w. expressive gemination, σκύλ(λ)ος = σκύλαξ, κύων (EM, H.) with σκυλλίς κληματίς H. (Strömberg Pfl.namen 31) and κύλλα σκύλαξ ( κύλλας κύλαξ cod.). Ήλεῖοι H. -- Without certain non-Greek cognates. Nearest comes Arm. c'ul, gen. c'l-u `joung bull' (Meillet BSL 26, 20f.), IE * skul- or * skōl-. Diff. Persson BB 19, 275 ff. with Prellwitz: to Lith. skalȉkas `barking hound' (: skãlyti `bark hunting') and kalė̃ `bitch' (s. also Fraenkel s. v.), to which after Persson also (quite improbable) from Germ. OWNo. skvaldra `talk loudly, boast' (Norw. also of dogs `bark loudly'), which however belongs first to OWNo. etc. skvala prop. `stream rustling' (from where `talk loudly'); s. WP. 1, 445 f. Still diff. Schwyzer KZ 37, 150 (to σκύζουσιν H.; s. σκυδμαίνω) and Osthoff Etym. parerga 1, 277 (s. Bq). -- Acc. to old assumption here also Σκύλλη, Att. Σκύλλα ("the bitch") name of the well-known sea-monster (Od.); s. Güntert Kalypso 176 w. n. 7; acc. to others to σκύλλω (Joh. Schmidt P.-W. II: 3, 658; against this Güntert l.c.). -- Cf. σκύμνος. -- The word could well be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,741-742Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκύλαξ
-
34 σπλήν
σπλήν, σπληνόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `spleen' (IA), metaph. `compress' (Hp.; cf. - ίον), αἰγὸς σπλήν as plantname `mallow, cheeseweed' (Ps.-Dsc.).Compounds: As 2. member a. o. in ἄ-σπλην-ον n., - ος m. `miltwaste' (Dsc. a. o., because of its medic. effect against spleen; Strömberg Pfl. 86, where ἀ- is wrongy interpreted as prothetic, cf. Vitr. I 4, 10).Derivatives: 1. σπλην-ίον n., - ίσκον n., - ίσκος m., - άριον n. `compress' (Hp., Dsc., Samos IVa); - ίον also as name of several plants (Dsc.; cf. ἄσπληνον ab.). 2. - ίτης, f. - ῖτις `belonging to the spleen, disease of the spleen' (Medic.; Redard 104 a. 102 f.). 3. - ικός `belonging to the spleen, splenetic' (Hp., hell. com. etc.), - ώδης `id.' (Hp.). 4. - ιάω `to be splenetic' (Arist. a. o.). -- Beside it σπλάγχνα n. pl. `interior organs (heart, liver, lungs, kidneys), intestines' (Il.), rarely and second. sg. as des. of individual organs (A., Pl., Arist.), metaph. (pl. a. sg.) "heart" = `mental state' (trag.), `compassion, commiseration, charity' (LXX, NT; coloured by Semitic). As 1. member a. o. in σπλαγχνο-φάγος `eating intestines' (LXX a.o.); often as 2. member, e.g. εὔ-σπλαγχνος `having healthy intestines' (Hp.), `compassionate' (LXX, NT). From it 1. σπλαγχν-ίδια n. pl. dimin. (Diph.). 2. - ίδης ( UPZ 89, 3 a. 13) form a. meaning doubted; cf. Wilcken ad loc. 3. - ικός `belonging to σ.' (Dsc., pap.). 4. - ίζομαι `to commiserate' (LXX, NT); - ίζω, - εύω `to consume intestines' (Cos IVa, LXX resp. Ar. a. o.) with - ισμός m. (LXX); - εύω, - εύομαι `to predict from intestines' (Str.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [987] *spl(ē)ngh- `spleen'Etymology: On the meaning of σπλήν and σπλάγχνα Egli Heteroklisie 44 ff. (not in all respects convincing); on Σπλήν as PN Bechtel Namenstud. 43 ff. With σπλήν cf. other names of body-parts as φρήν, ἀδήν, αὑχήν etc., which however all inflect with ablaut ( φρεν-ός etc. as against σπλην-ός). -- Several IE designtions of the spleen show in spite of great phonetic variation an clear similarity, which cannot be accidental. The basic word has because of association with other words, prob. also through taboo (Havers Sprachtabu 64, Specht Ursprung 77 n. 3) known strong changes. Thus Skt. plīhán- against Lat. liēn with common vocalization and stemformation but deviating anlaut; Av. spǝrǝzan-, also n-stem, but with zero grade (IE l̥) and initial sp-; the words mentioned have also IE ǵh before the suffix (Lat. liēn from * lihēn). Besides these, with stronger deviations, Arm. p'aycaɫn, OIr. selg, Lith. blužnìs, S.-CSl. slězena etc. -- As a reconstruction in detail is impossible, only suppositions are possible. We should start from *σπληχ-, *σπλαχ- (= Av. spǝrǝz-an-) with ν-stem as liēn etc. By anticipation of the nasal we get σπλα-γ-χ-ν-; further σπλήν haplological for *σπληχ-ήν (after monosyll. φρήν) or from *σπλη-γ-χ[ν]-? -- More w. lit. in WP. 2, 680, Pok. 987, W.-Hofmann s. liēn, Mayrhofer s. plīhā́, Vasmer s. selezënka. On σπλήν and σπλάγχνα also Egli l. c. and Schwyzer 489 w. n. 1. Older lit. also in Bq. -- Lat. LW [loanword] splēn (Engl. spleen etc.).Page in Frisk: 2,769-770Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπλήν
-
35 σπληνός
σπλήν, σπληνόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `spleen' (IA), metaph. `compress' (Hp.; cf. - ίον), αἰγὸς σπλήν as plantname `mallow, cheeseweed' (Ps.-Dsc.).Compounds: As 2. member a. o. in ἄ-σπλην-ον n., - ος m. `miltwaste' (Dsc. a. o., because of its medic. effect against spleen; Strömberg Pfl. 86, where ἀ- is wrongy interpreted as prothetic, cf. Vitr. I 4, 10).Derivatives: 1. σπλην-ίον n., - ίσκον n., - ίσκος m., - άριον n. `compress' (Hp., Dsc., Samos IVa); - ίον also as name of several plants (Dsc.; cf. ἄσπληνον ab.). 2. - ίτης, f. - ῖτις `belonging to the spleen, disease of the spleen' (Medic.; Redard 104 a. 102 f.). 3. - ικός `belonging to the spleen, splenetic' (Hp., hell. com. etc.), - ώδης `id.' (Hp.). 4. - ιάω `to be splenetic' (Arist. a. o.). -- Beside it σπλάγχνα n. pl. `interior organs (heart, liver, lungs, kidneys), intestines' (Il.), rarely and second. sg. as des. of individual organs (A., Pl., Arist.), metaph. (pl. a. sg.) "heart" = `mental state' (trag.), `compassion, commiseration, charity' (LXX, NT; coloured by Semitic). As 1. member a. o. in σπλαγχνο-φάγος `eating intestines' (LXX a.o.); often as 2. member, e.g. εὔ-σπλαγχνος `having healthy intestines' (Hp.), `compassionate' (LXX, NT). From it 1. σπλαγχν-ίδια n. pl. dimin. (Diph.). 2. - ίδης ( UPZ 89, 3 a. 13) form a. meaning doubted; cf. Wilcken ad loc. 3. - ικός `belonging to σ.' (Dsc., pap.). 4. - ίζομαι `to commiserate' (LXX, NT); - ίζω, - εύω `to consume intestines' (Cos IVa, LXX resp. Ar. a. o.) with - ισμός m. (LXX); - εύω, - εύομαι `to predict from intestines' (Str.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [987] *spl(ē)ngh- `spleen'Etymology: On the meaning of σπλήν and σπλάγχνα Egli Heteroklisie 44 ff. (not in all respects convincing); on Σπλήν as PN Bechtel Namenstud. 43 ff. With σπλήν cf. other names of body-parts as φρήν, ἀδήν, αὑχήν etc., which however all inflect with ablaut ( φρεν-ός etc. as against σπλην-ός). -- Several IE designtions of the spleen show in spite of great phonetic variation an clear similarity, which cannot be accidental. The basic word has because of association with other words, prob. also through taboo (Havers Sprachtabu 64, Specht Ursprung 77 n. 3) known strong changes. Thus Skt. plīhán- against Lat. liēn with common vocalization and stemformation but deviating anlaut; Av. spǝrǝzan-, also n-stem, but with zero grade (IE l̥) and initial sp-; the words mentioned have also IE ǵh before the suffix (Lat. liēn from * lihēn). Besides these, with stronger deviations, Arm. p'aycaɫn, OIr. selg, Lith. blužnìs, S.-CSl. slězena etc. -- As a reconstruction in detail is impossible, only suppositions are possible. We should start from *σπληχ-, *σπλαχ- (= Av. spǝrǝz-an-) with ν-stem as liēn etc. By anticipation of the nasal we get σπλα-γ-χ-ν-; further σπλήν haplological for *σπληχ-ήν (after monosyll. φρήν) or from *σπλη-γ-χ[ν]-? -- More w. lit. in WP. 2, 680, Pok. 987, W.-Hofmann s. liēn, Mayrhofer s. plīhā́, Vasmer s. selezënka. On σπλήν and σπλάγχνα also Egli l. c. and Schwyzer 489 w. n. 1. Older lit. also in Bq. -- Lat. LW [loanword] splēn (Engl. spleen etc.).Page in Frisk: 2,769-770Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπληνός
-
36 Περσεφόνη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: Spouse of Hades (Pluto), queen of the underworld; as a daughter of Demeter, identified as Κόρη (Ion. since h. Cer. and Hes.)Other forms: - φόνεια (Il. a. Od.). Several byforms: Φερσε-φόνα (Simon., Pi., Thess.), - φόνεια (H.), Πηριφόνα (Locr.), Πηρεφόνεια (Lac. after H.); with diff. ending: Περσέ-φασσα (A.), Φερσέ-φασσα (S., E.), Φερρέ-φαττα (Pl., Ar., Att. inscr.) a.o. (P.-W. 19, 945ff., Kretschmer Glotta 24, 236) with the sanctuary Φερ(ρ)εφάττ-ιον n. (D., AB).Derivatives: From it the plantname Περσεφόνιον, Φερ- (Ps.-Dsc.), s. Strömberg Pfl. 100 w. lit.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: As common basis of the "1. member" one may posit Φερσε-; from there through breath-dissimilation, comp.lengthening etc. the diff. forms; Πηρι- after Άρχι- a.o. (cf. Schwyzer 281 a. 444). Orig. Περσε- is however quite as well possible; then Φερσε- through assimilation to - φασσα. For - φόνεια beside - φόνη cf. Πηνελόπεια beside -η; - φασσα, - φαττα from *-φατ-ι̯α can have had an orig. nasal (-n̥-t-i̯ǝ), through which - φασσα would come closer to - φόνη (and - φόν-της). -- Without convincing etymology. The "2. member" is often connected with φόνος `murder', θείνω `kill' (Eust. on κ 491, Fick-Bechtel PN 465, Kretschmer Glotta 24, 236 f.) by diff. interpretation of the 1. member. After Ehrlich KZ 39, 560 ff. however "the one rich in produce", from a noun *φέρος and IE * gʷhen- `swell, to be full of' (which one supposes a. o. in εὑθενέω [s. v.]); in spite of the agreement of Fraenkel Lexis 3, 61 ff. and Heubeck Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 5, 28 ff. (with lit.) not to be recommended. Pelasgian hypothesis, partly following Ehrlich, by v. Windekens Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 8, 168 ff. -- As long as no better explanations from IE are put forward, the word must be considered Pre-Greek; thus a.o. v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 108f. w. n. 3, Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 474.Page in Frisk: 2,517-518Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Περσεφόνη
- 1
- 2
См. также в других словарях:
PFL — can be:* Pacific Forum Line, a shipping alliance located in Nauru * Paid Family Leave, a California law that extends unemployment disability compensation * Palatinate German, as per ISO 639 3 language code * Party of the Liberal Front, a… … Wikipedia
PFL — Die Abkürzung PFL steht für: Die Partei Partido da Frente Liberal Peter Friedrich Ludwig Hospital, ein Kulturzentrum in Oldenburg (Oldb) Pre Fader Listening (auch Pre Fade Listening) Pyruvat Formiat Lyase Professionalnaja futbolnaja liga, der für … Deutsch Wikipedia
PFL — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Sigles d’une seule lettre Sigles de deux lettres > Sigles de trois lettres Sigles de quatre lettres … Wikipédia en Français
PFL — Practical Family Living (Community » Non Profit Organizations) Printing For Less (Business » Firms) **** Paper Football League (Community » Sports) *** Pre Fader Listening (Academic & Science » Electronics) * Polar’s Fault Locator (Business »… … Abbreviations dictionary
PFL — profibrinolysin … Medical dictionary
PFL — Propulsion Field Laboratory (Roketdyne) ( > IEEE Standard Dictionary ) … Acronyms
PfL — Prüfstelle für Luftfahrt(gerät) EN Aviation (Equipment) Test Office … Abkürzungen und Akronyme in der deutschsprachigen Presse Gebrauchtwagen
Pfl. — 1) Pflug; Pflüge EN plow(s) 2) Pflicht EN duty, obligation 3) Pfleger EN male nurse; guardian 4) Pflege EN care, maintenance 5) Pflanzung … Abkürzungen und Akronyme in der deutschsprachigen Presse Gebrauchtwagen
pfl — ISO 639 3 Code of Language ISO 639 2/B Code : ISO 639 2/T Code : ISO 639 1 Code : Scope : Individual Language Type : Living Language Name : Pfaelzisch … Names of Languages ISO 639-3
PFL — Propulsion Field Laboratory (Roketdyne) ( > IEEE Standard Dictionary ) … Acronyms von A bis Z
PFL — Publi filius Lucius, Publium Flaminium, Publius Flavius … Abbreviations in Latin Inscriptions