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1 αψίδα
łuk (m) rzecz. -
2 λύσσα
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `(martial) rage, fury, frenzy' (Il.), `rabies' (X., Arist.).Other forms: Att. λύτταCompounds: Some compp., e.g. λυσσο-μανής `mad for rage' (AP), ἄ-λυσσος ' λυσσα healing' (Paus.), ἄ-λυσσον n. name of a plant, of which the seeds were used against rabies (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 91). -Derivatives: λυσσάς f. `raging' (E.), λυσσ-ώδης (N 53 u.a.), - αλέος (A. R., Man.), - ήρης (Orph., Man.), - ήεις (H.) `id.'; λυσσηδόν adv. (Opp.). Denomin. verbs: 1. λυσσάω, - ττάω `rage, rave, be mad' (Hdt., Ar., S., Pl.) with λυσσητήρ adjunct of κύων (Θ 299; cf. AP 5, 265; on the meaning Benveniste Noms d'agent 37), and λυσσητής, Dor. - ατάς ( Anth.) `raging', λυσσ-ητικός `id.' (Ael.), - ήματα pl. `attacks of rage' (E.); 2. λυσσαίνω `rage, rave' (S.); 3. λυσσόομαι `become raging' (Ps.-Phoc.).Etymology: Formation like ὄσσα, γλῶσσα, αἶσα a. o., so first a `moviertes' fern., though verbal connection is possible (Schwyzer 474, Chantraine Form. 99); further uncertain. Since F. Hartmann KZ 54, 287ff. usu. explained as "the she-wolf" and identified with Skt. vr̥kī́ḥ, OWNo. ylgr `id.'; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 349 f. ("the demoness, which makes the dog to a wolf, is herself a she-wolf"), Ernout Rev. de phil. 75, 154ff.; slightly reserved Risch ̨ 50b and Schwyzer; acc. to Wackernagel-Debrunner 3, 171 rather abstract like φύζα. Rejected by Specht Ursprung 344 (a. 387), who connects Skt. rúc- f. `light' (the rage is called after the sparkling eyes) and like Lagercrantz Lautgesch. 88 f. reminds of the expression λευκαῖς φρασίν (Pi. P. 4, 194), λευκαὶ φρένες μαινόμεναι H. (quite diff. F. Hartmann KZ 60, 223); thus Havers Sprache 4, 32, Pok. 687; to λευκός a. rel. also Lasso de la Vega Emer. 20, 32ff.Page in Frisk: 2,147Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λύσσα
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3 ἀμυγδάλη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `almond' (Hp.)Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: A typical substr. word (note - γδ- which interchanges with - σγ-), which is confirmed by the identification with ἀμιχθαλόεσσα etc. (s.v.); on the interchange see Beekes Pre-Gr. Fur. 140 further compares μύκηρος (s.v.) and Hitt. mitgaimi `sweet bread, Luw. id `sweet(ened)'. A loan is Lat. amygdala, also amiddula, amyndala, amandula, from where OHG mandala.Page in Frisk: 1,96Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμυγδάλη
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4 βόστρυχος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `curl, lock of hair' (Archil.).Other forms: pl. also βόστρυχα (AP)Derivatives: βοστρύχιον, also `vine-tendril' (Arist., AP), βοστρύχια στέμφυλα H.; cf. βότρυχος s. βότρυς; ; βοστρυχηδόν `in locks' (Luk.). - βοστρυχίζω, βοστρυχόομαι. On the χ-Suffix Schwyzer 498, Chantr. Form. 402.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Unknown. The suffix - υχ- could well be Pre-Greek (-υC- is frequent), and this is probable for the whole word. On the confusion with βότρυς s.v.Page in Frisk: 1,254Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βόστρυχος
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5 γέλγη
Grammatical information: n. pl.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: No etymology. Hardly to γέλγις.Page in Frisk: 1,295Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γέλγη
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6 γωνία
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `corner' (Hdt.), also `leader'(LXX). In geometry Mugler, Terminologie géométr.Compounds: Sec. member - γωνος in τρί-γωνος etc. (as - βιβλος to βιβλίον etc.) s. Debrunner IF 60, 40ff. συγγωνίος (RPh 73 (1999) 84).Derivatives: γωνίδιον (Luk.). γωνιαῖος (Pl. Kom.), γωνιήϊος (Delphi), γωνιώδης (Hp.), γωνιακός (Procl.); γώνιος (pap. VIp); - γωνιάζω (Porph.) with γωνιασμός (Ar.); γωνιόομαι (Dsc.) with γωνίωμα (Eust.) and γωνίωσις (Archig. Med.). παραγωνίζω RPh. 71 (1997) 155f.Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Generally connected with γόνυ (s. v.). The long vowel is problematic. Perhaps from *γονϜ-ία with Doric development (geometricians were Pythagoreans). Skt. jā́nu arose from *ǵonu (Brugmanns law) and is irrelevent.Page in Frisk: 1,336-337Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γωνία
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7 δρόσος
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `dew', often of several fluids (Hdt., Pi.); in A. Ag. 141 (lyr., pl.) = `young animals' ( λεόντων), thus Call. Hek. 1, 2, 3; after Bechtel Lex. 139 and Benveniste BSL 45, 102 A. 1 metonymia; diff. Leumann Hom. Wörter 258 n. 11; cf. on ἕρσαι.Other forms: on the genus Schwyzer-Debrunner 32 n. 4, 34 n. 1)Derivatives: Adjectives `dewy, fluid': δροσόεις (Sapph.), δροσώδης (com.), δροσερός (E.), δροσινός (AP), δρόσιμος (Plu.; s. Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 98). Abstract δροσία (Orac. ap. Luk. Alex. 53, Cat. Cod. Astr., also NGr.; on the meaning Scheller Oxytonierung 54f.). - Hypocorist. δροσαλλίς name of a Bithynian wine (Gp.); s. Chantr. Form. 252. - Denomin. δροσίζω `sprinkle, make dew' (Ar.) with δροσισμός (Olymp. Alch.); δροσόομαι `be sprinkled with dew' (Anakreont.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Unexplained. Older views in Bq; wrong also Sapir Lang. 15, 185. No doubt Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,419-420Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δρόσος
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8 ἔγκατα
Grammatical information: n. pl.Meaning: `intestines' (Il.)Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]X [probably]Etymology: Uncertain. Leumann Hom. Wörter 158 n. 1 derives it from *ἔγκατος `interior', from ἐν like ἔσχατος from ἐξ; ἔγκασι then innovation after γούνασι a. o. - Lac. ἔγκυτον ἔγκατον H. folketymological after κύτος `skin, trunk, body'.Page in Frisk: 1,438Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔγκατα
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9 ἐμέω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `vomit'.Other forms: Aor. ἐμέσ(σ)αι (Il.), perf. ἐμήμεκα (Hp., Luk.), fut. ἐμέσω (Hp.), ἐμῶ, ἐμοῦμαι (Att.), pres. ἐμέθω (Hdn.)Derivatives: Verbal nouns: ἔμετος `vomiting' (Ion., Arist.) with the bahuvrihis ἀν-, δυσ-, εὑ-έμετος, - ήμετος (Hp. a. o.; also, directly from ἐμέω, δυσ-, εὑ-εμής, - ημής), κοπριήμετος (Hp.); to ὑπερεμέω: ὑπερέμετος (Hp.). From ἔμετος: ἐμεσία `be inclined to vomit' (Hp.), ἐμετ-ικός, - ώδης, - ήριος, - ιάω (Hp., Arist. u. a.). ἔμεσις and ἔμεσμα `id.' (Hp.). ἐμίας "spitter" (Com.; s. Chantr. Form. 93). - S. also ἐμύς and περιημεκτέω.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1146] *u̯emh₁- `vomit'Etymology: In Skt. athematic vámi-ti; also in Lat. vomit, vomimus (ceside vomi-tus), which were reinterpreted as thematic, cf. reg-i-mus. Disyllabic root also in Lith. vémti (with new jot present vemiù ). The root also in North-Germanic, but only in metaph. meaning, e. g. OSw. vami m. `disgust'. - Schwyzer 222 n. 5 sees in ἐμέω an element of the living language, which would explain that the verb does not sow a Ϝ- in Homer (cf. ἱδρώς, also δίφρος).Page in Frisk: 1,504-505Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐμέω
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10 ἑξῆς
Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `in a row, one after the other' (Od., Att.);Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: The adverbial genetive ἑξῆς prob. from a noun from ἔχεσθαι `connect, follow', but details are uncertain. Schulze Q. 293 sees in ἑξῆς and ἑξαν forms of a noun *ἕξᾰ with the same inflexion as μίᾰ, μιᾶς, μίᾰν; Bechtel Lex. s. v. starts from an adjective *ἑξός. Solmsens, Wortforsh.. 240 n. 1, supposes that ἑξῆς was contracted from earlier ἑξείης (metrical lengthening for *ἑξέης?); but this does not explain Dor. ἑξαν. - ἑξε(ί)ης from an adjective *ἑξε(ι)ος (cf. ἑξεῖα τα ἑξῆς H.); from ἕξις?. - The synonymous ἐπεχές (Arg.), ἐπεχεῖ (Delph.), ποτεχεῖ (Herakl.) from ἐπ-, ποτ-έχεσθαι. See Schwyzer 549.Page in Frisk: 1,529Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἑξῆς
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11 ἐπιούσιος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: of ἄρτος (Ev. Matt. 6, 11, Ev. Luk. 11, 3), in the Vulg. translated with `quotidianus', is translated as `daily'; also ἐπιουσι[ων ( Sammelb. 5224, 20; economic message), meaning unknown.Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: The most obvious interprettion as ἡ ἐπιοῦσα ( ηΏμέρα) suggests `for the coming day'; but this seems materially improbable. If we start (with Debrunner Glotta 4, 249ff.) from ἐπι την οὖσαν ( ἡμέραν), we get: `for the relevant day'. - See Blass-Debrunner-Frnk, Greek Gramm. of the New Testam. $ 123 and Koerster in Kittel, Theolog.Wörterbuch 2,587-595.Page in Frisk: 1,539-540Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐπιούσιος
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12 θέρμος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `lupine, Lupinus albus' (middl. Com., Thphr.).Origin: see θερμόςPage in Frisk: 1,664Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θέρμος
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13 κάμιλος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `rope' (Sch. Ar. V. 1035, Suid.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Sem.Etymology: - Acc. to Lewy Fremdw. 154 from Semitic, cf. Arab. ǵamal `ships' rope'. Acc. to others from the v. l. κάμιλος for κάμηλος Ev. Matt. 19, 24, Mk. 10, 25, Luk. 18, 25 ( κάμηλον διὰ τρήματος ῥαφίδος διελθεῖν), as `rope' would fit better (so no suggestion on its origin; cf. Bauer Griech.-dt. Wb. zum NT. s. v.Page in Frisk: 1,772Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάμιλος
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14 κάμῑνος
κάμῑνοςGrammatical information: f. (cf. Schwyzer-Debrunner 34 n. 2; -η pap. VIp)Derivatives: (all rare, most late): Diminutive καμίνιον (Gp., Olymp. Alch.). Other subst.: καμινὼ γρηῦς `furnace-woman' (σ 27; Chantraine Formation 116); καμινεύς name of a artisan working at a furnace, e.g. `smith' or `potter' (D. S.; Boßhardt Die Nomina auf - ευς 76); καμινίων `id.' (Tegea IIp); καμινίτης ἄρτος (Philistion ap. Ath.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 89). Adj.: καμίνιος `belonging to the furnace' (Thphr.); καμιναῖος `id.' (Ezek.) with καμιναία = κάμινος (LXX; cf. Chantraine 86); καμινώδης `furnace-like' (Str.). Verb καμινεύω `burn, smelt in a furnace' (Arist., Thphr., Str.) with καμινευτής = καμινεύς (Pap. IIIa, Luk.), καμινευτήρ ( αὑλός) `pair of ballows in a smithy' (AP), f. - εύτρια (Aristarch.), καμινεία (- ία) `burning, smelting' (Thphr., Gal.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Technical loan of unknown origin (on the formation Schwyzer 491, Chantraine 205). The comparison with καμάρα (Prellwitz, Bq.) has little sense; that with OCS kamy `stone' (Hirt Ablaut 137, Falk-Torp Wb. s. kamin) is possible (Geramb WuS 9, 28); is the loan from the north or the east? (WP. 1, 349, Pok. 525). - From κάμινος Lat. camīnus with MHG kamin etc. (W.-Hofmann s. v.; s. also Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. kómin). - -ῑν- is a Pre=Greek suffix.Page in Frisk: 1,772Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάμῑνος
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15 κυβιστάω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `tumble head forward' (Il., Pl., X.)Other forms: - έω Opp. K. 4, 263.Derivatives: κυβιστητήρ `who tumbles head forward' (Hom., E., Tryph.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2,13), also with haplology κυβιστήρ (H.) and κυβιστής (Delos; uncertain; cf. Fraenkel Glotta 2, 31 n. 2 and below); κυβίστησις (Plu., Luk.), - ημα (Luc.) `somersault'.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Expressive verb with unclearer formation and unknown origin. The verbs in -( σ)τ- present nothing comparable with κυβιστάω; formations as ἑρπυστάζω (: ἑρπύζω, ἕρπω) a. o. (Schwyzer 706) suggest a *κυβίζομαι (evtl. through κυβιστής; s. above). - One compares since Curtius and Fick (s. Bq and WP. 1, 375) a few words given in EM: κύβη = κεφαλή ( κυβιστάω = εἰς κεφαλην πηδῶ), κύβηβος = ὁ κατακύψας, κυβηβᾶν ' κυρίως τὸ ἐπὶ την κεφαλην ῥίπτειν' (after H. = θεοφορεῖσθαι, κορυβαντιᾶν); further κυβητίζω ἐπὶ κεφαλην ῥίψω, κυβησίνδα ἐπὶ κεφαλήν, η τὸ φορεῖν ἐπὶ νώτου, η κατὰ νώτου H. Further κύμβη `head' (EM 545, 27) and κύμβαχος `head formost', ἀνακυμβαλιάζω. See Kuiper, Gedenkschrift Kretschmer 213f. (Not better Frisk, who wants to consider rather κύβος `dice'.) All the words would belong to κυφός, κύπτω. Frisk assumes that the word is northern, because of the β for φ; but there is no reason to connect κυφός.). So we have κυ(μ)β-, κυμ- `head' which is clearly Pre-Greek. - S. also Szemerényi, Sprache 11 (1966) 2 a. 6. Not with Prellwitz to κόβαλος; cf. Thumb KZ 36, 193 f.Page in Frisk: 2,38-39Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κυβιστάω
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16 λεύσσω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `see (clearly), look, observe' (Il., also Arc.; cf. Ruijgh L'élém. achéen 132, also Risch Gnomon 30, 92), only presentstem ewcept isolated and late aoristforms ( λεύσσατε, λεύσσειε (ν)); on the notation Debrunner IF 21, 254, Kretschmer Glotta 22, 223f.; on the meaning and the construction Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 64.Other forms: also λεύσω.Etymology: Beside the full grade yotpresent λεύσ(σ)ω from *λευκ-ι̯ω Sanskrit has a full grade thematic root present lokate ( locate, with locanam `eye') `note, notice', which differs only in the phonetic development from rócate `light' (s. λευκός). An athematic present is preserved in Hitt. luk-zi `become light, day' (stemvowel uncertain); further the iterative-intensive resp. causative Lat. lūceō `light (let become light)' = Skt. rocáyati `let become light' (IE *loukéiō, - eti); diff. Toch. A. lk-ā-m `I see' (zero grade with Toch. ā-lengthening), B lkā-sk-au `id.' ( sk-present; cf. Lat. lūcēscit) beside primary full grade lyuketrä `it lights'. The meaning `see (clearly)' arose from `light'; s. Bechtel Lex. s. αὑγάζομαι, Lommel KZ 50, 262 ff., Fraenkel Wb. s. láukti, Frisk GHÅ 56: 3, 11 f. - Cf. λευκός, λύχνος, λοῦσσον.Page in Frisk: 2,110Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λεύσσω
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17 λύγξ 2
Grammatical information: m. f.Other forms: λυγγός E. fr. 683.Compounds: As 1. member in λυκό-λυγξ `wolflynx' (pap. in Sb. Heidelb. 1923: 2, 14, 13); λυγγούριον ( λυγκ-, λιγκ- u. a.) n. kind of amber (Thphr., Delos IIIa), s. v.Derivatives: λυγκίον dimin. (Callix.), λύγγιος `of the lynx' (Edict. Diocl.). On ambivalent PN Λυγκεύς (Hdt., Pi.) s. Boßhardt 130f.; from there λυγκεύς as name of an eye-salve (medic.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur. substr.Etymology: Old name of the lynx, found also in Armenian, German and Balto-Slavic. Except for the nasal λύγξ has a counterpart in Lith. consonant stem lūš-ų (gen. pl.), with as innovation the i-stem lū́š-is. The same transformation show the Slav. words, which however through influence of an other word (* rysъ `sotted, red'?) got an initial r-: Russ. rýsь etc. Also elsewhere transformstions have occurred: with thematic vowel in Swed. lō `lynx' (PGm. * luh-a-, IE *luḱ-o-); with s-sufflx in Westgermanic: OHG luhs, OE lox (cf. Germ. Fuchs, OE fox); with n-suffix in Arm. lus-an-un-k` (ἅπ. εἰρ.) pl., which also supposes old full grade (IE *leuḱ- or louḱ-). The Arm. n-fomation might be connected somehow with the Greek nasalinfix, which reappers also in Lith. dial. (Zem.) lųnšis. - Details and further connections in Bq, WP. 2, 411 f., Pok. 690, Fraenkel Wb. s. lū́šis, Vasmer Wb. s. rýsь. - Fur. 121 adduces considerations that show that it is in origin a non-IE word. The word has been connected with the root *leuḱ- `see' and would refer to the sharp sight of the animal. But this cannot explain the long ū of Balto-Slavic. Nor can the -n- be explained; nor the g of Gr. λύγγ-ιος. So the word is non-IE, prob. a loan from a Eur. substratum. - I see no reason to connect the gloss λουνόν λαμπρόν H. The PN Λυγκεύς may be cognate or not. S. also λυγγούριον.Page in Frisk: 2,141-142Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λύγξ 2
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18 λυγκός
Grammatical information: m. f.Other forms: λυγγός E. fr. 683.Compounds: As 1. member in λυκό-λυγξ `wolflynx' (pap. in Sb. Heidelb. 1923: 2, 14, 13); λυγγούριον ( λυγκ-, λιγκ- u. a.) n. kind of amber (Thphr., Delos IIIa), s. v.Derivatives: λυγκίον dimin. (Callix.), λύγγιος `of the lynx' (Edict. Diocl.). On ambivalent PN Λυγκεύς (Hdt., Pi.) s. Boßhardt 130f.; from there λυγκεύς as name of an eye-salve (medic.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur. substr.Etymology: Old name of the lynx, found also in Armenian, German and Balto-Slavic. Except for the nasal λύγξ has a counterpart in Lith. consonant stem lūš-ų (gen. pl.), with as innovation the i-stem lū́š-is. The same transformation show the Slav. words, which however through influence of an other word (* rysъ `sotted, red'?) got an initial r-: Russ. rýsь etc. Also elsewhere transformstions have occurred: with thematic vowel in Swed. lō `lynx' (PGm. * luh-a-, IE *luḱ-o-); with s-sufflx in Westgermanic: OHG luhs, OE lox (cf. Germ. Fuchs, OE fox); with n-suffix in Arm. lus-an-un-k` (ἅπ. εἰρ.) pl., which also supposes old full grade (IE *leuḱ- or louḱ-). The Arm. n-fomation might be connected somehow with the Greek nasalinfix, which reappers also in Lith. dial. (Zem.) lųnšis. - Details and further connections in Bq, WP. 2, 411 f., Pok. 690, Fraenkel Wb. s. lū́šis, Vasmer Wb. s. rýsь. - Fur. 121 adduces considerations that show that it is in origin a non-IE word. The word has been connected with the root *leuḱ- `see' and would refer to the sharp sight of the animal. But this cannot explain the long ū of Balto-Slavic. Nor can the -n- be explained; nor the g of Gr. λύγγ-ιος. So the word is non-IE, prob. a loan from a Eur. substratum. - I see no reason to connect the gloss λουνόν λαμπρόν H. The PN Λυγκεύς may be cognate or not. S. also λυγγούριον.Page in Frisk: 2,141-142Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λυγκός
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19 λύζω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `hiccup' (Hp., Ar., Arist.).Other forms: aor. λύγξαι (Gal.),Derivatives: λυγμός `swallow' (Hp., Arist., Nic.), also = ὀλολυγμός H. (wrong v. Blumenthal Hesychst. 42), with λυγμώδης `accompanied by swallowing' (Hp.); λύγδην adv. `swallowing' (S., AP). Also λύγξ, λυγγός f. `id.' (Hp., Pl., Th.) with λυγγώδης = λυγμώδης (Hp.), λυγγανόμενον λύζοντα ἐν τῳ̃ κλαίειν H., λυγκαίνω `swallow' (Suid.).Etymology: With λύζω: λύγξ cf. ἰύζω: ἴυγξ, κλάζω: κλαγγ-ί, also βήσσω: βήξ (s. vv.). Whether the verb has priority or the noun, cannot be decided. Morphologically λύγξ can be a backformation from λύζω (\< *λυγ(γ)-ι̯ω; cf. Schwyzer 692) or its basis. - Cognates are found in Celtic and Germanic, e.g. OIr. slucim `swallow' (from * slu-n-k-), Welsh llyncu `id.'; MLG slūken `swallow' (IE * slūg-), MHG slūchen (weak vb.) `id.'; with expressive kk MHG slucken `swallow', with iterative MHG sluckzen ' schluchzen'; so Gr. λ- from σλ-(Schwyzer 310). Further without s- (IE luk-) WRuss. ɫkac `swallow', Pol. ɫkac `id.'. - WP. 2, 711 f., Pok. 964.Page in Frisk: 2,142Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λύζω
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20 λύχνος
Grammatical information: m.,Meaning: `(portable) light, lamp' (τ 34), also as fishname (Str., H., as lat. lucerna ; after its lighting organs, evt after the exterior form, Strömberg Fischnamen 55f.).Other forms: pl. also τὰ λύχνα, to which sg. λύχνον (cf. Schwyzer-Debrunner 37, Sommer Nominalkomp. 88)Compounds: Several compp., e.g. λυχνοῦχος m. `lamp-stander, lighter' (com.), also as 2. member as in θερμό-λυχνον = λυχν-έλαιον `lamp-oil' (Att. inscr.).Derivatives: 1. Diminut.: λυχνάριον (pap.), λυχνίσκος fishname (Luc.; cf. above). 2. name of a lighter: λυχνεῖον (com., Arist., hell. inscr.) with λυχνείδιον (-ί̄διον), λυχνίον, - ιον (Antiph., Theoc., Luc.), also `lamp' (pap.), λυχνία, - έα, - εία (hell.; Scheller Oxytonierung 44 f.). 3. name of the ruby that emits light: λυχνίας λίθος (Pl. Com.), λυχνίτης (Str.), also name of Parian marble, as lamps were made of it (Varro ap. Plin.; s. Redard 56 a. 244 n. 13), λυχνεύς (Callix., H.), also `lighter' (Ath.; Boßhardt 63), λύχνις m. (D. P., Orph. L.), λυχνίς f. (Luc..; cf. 4). 4. plantname: λυχνίς f. `rose campion, Lychnis coronaria' (Thphr., Dsc.; because of the purpur-red colour, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 49), λυχνῖτις f. `candlewick, Verbascum' (Plin., pap., Dsc.), because the leaves were used as wick (Strömberg 106, Redard 73; cf. s. θρύον). 5. Other substant.: λυχνεών, - ῶνος m. `place to keep lamps' (Luc. VH 1, 29), λύχνωμα `lint' (sch. Ar. Ach. 1175, = λαμπάδιον), with nominal basis (Chantraine Formation 187). 6. Adjectives: λυχν-αῖος (Procl.), also - ιαῖος (S. E., Gal.) `belonging to a lamp', - ώδης `lamp-like' (Heph. Astr.). 7. Verb: λυχνεύω `lighten someb.' (Areth. in Apok.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [688f] *leuk-sn-ā `moon, stars' etc.Etymology: Beside λύχνος from *λύκ-σν-ος we have with full grade Av. raox-šn-a- `light, gleaming', OPr. lauxnos pl. `stars', Lat. lūna = Praen. Losna, OCS luna `moon', MIr. luan `light, moon', IE * louk-sn- or * leuk-sn-; the deviating zero grade in λύχνος may be related with the diminished strength of the ου- diphthong in Greek (cf. Schwyzer 347). The words mentioned are all transformations of an old noun with suffixal - sn- from the verb for `lighten, gleam', which is in Greek represented by λεύσσω; s. v. for further relatives (Hitt. luk-zi etc.). As intermediate form served prob. an s-stem (Av. raočah n. `light' from IE * leukos-, Lat. lūmen from * leuks-men- etc.). Quite uncertain is λουνόν λαμπρόν H.; hypotheses by v. Blumenthal Hesychst. 34 and Specht Ursprung 187. On the sn-suffix cf. esp. the synonymous Skt. jyót-sn-ā f. `moonlight'. - A zero grade noun *λυκ- (= Skt. rúc- f. `light') appears in the hypostasis ἀμφι-λύκ-η adjunct of the night H 433 `morning tilight', also as subst. `(morning)twilight' (A. R., Opp.; Bechtel Lex. s. v., also Leumann Hom. Wörter 53); after it also in λυκ-αυγής `lighting in the morning' (Luc.), λυκ-ό-φως, - ωτος n. `twilight' (Ael., H. s. λυκοειδέος, sch.); s. also λυκάβας, also λύσσα. - Schwyzer 489 (on the formation), WP. 2, 408ff., Pok. 687ff., W.-Hofmann s. lūna, Vasmer s. luná I; everywhere more forms a. lit.Page in Frisk: 2,147-149Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λύχνος
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