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41 κονίς
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `eggs of lice, fleas, bugs' (Arist., Antyll. ap. Orib., Hdn.).Other forms: mostly. pl. κονίδες f.Derivatives: κονιδισμός `disease of the eyelids' (Cyran.; on the formation Chantraine Formation 142ff.).Etymology: Old word, to which several languages have cognates. Closest are Germ. OE knitu, OHG (h)niz ` Niss' and Alb. thënī́ `louse', which will go back on IE. *ḱnid- (Gr. κονίς after κόνις? Georgacas Glotta 36, 164). Beside it with IE. gh- Slav., e. g. Russ. gnída, Latv. gnĩda, NGerm., e. g. OWNo. gnit `louse'. With -l- Lith. glìnda `id.', which resembles Lat. lēns, lendis `id.'. Diff. again Celt., e. g. MIr. sned f. `id.' (IE. * snidā) and Arm. anic `Laus' (IE. *sn̥nid-s-?). - Because of folketymological, euphemistic, tabooistic changes no uniform proto-form van be reconstructed. Connection with κναίω, κνίζω gives a problem for Alb. thënī́ which has an initial platal. The Slavisc and NGerm. forms have been connected with a verb for `gnaw through, rub' (Gr. χνίει, χναύω etc.). - Details in Pok. 608 a. 437, W.-Hofmann a. Ernout-Meillet s. 2. lēns, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. glìnda, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. gnída.Page in Frisk: 1,912-913Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κονίς
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42 λαμβάνω
Grammatical information: v.Other forms: Aor. λαβεῖν (Il.), redupl. midd. λελα-βέσθαι (δ 388), pass. λαφθῆναι (Ion.), ληφθῆναι (Att.), λημφθῆναι (hell.); fut. λάψομαι (Ion.), λά[μ]ψεται (Alc., Hamm Grammatik 145), λαψῃ̃ 2. sg. (Dor.), λήψομαι (Att.), λήμψομαι (hell.); perf. εἴληφα (Att.), εἴλαφα (Dor.), λελάβηκα (Ion. Dor. Arc., also Att.), midd. εἴλημμαι (Att.), λέλημμαι (trag.), λέλαμμαι, λελάφθαι (Ion.),Derivatives: Very many derivv., many technical words with specific meanings: A. From λαβεῖν: 1. λαβή `grip, point of application etc.' (Alc. [ λάβα], Ion. Att.), of the compp. e. g. συλλαβή `grip, syllable etc.' (A., Att.); λαβίς f. `grip, cramp, tweezers' (hell.) with λαβίδιον (Dsc., Gal.), ἀντι-, κατα-, περι-λαβεύς `handgrip of a shield, peg etc.' (H., medic.; cf. Boßhardt 81), λάβιον `grip' (Str.), ἀπολάβειον `cramp' (Ph. Bel.). 2. - λάβος in compp. as ἐργο-λάβ-ος m. `untertaker' with - έω, - ία (Att., hell.). 3. - λαβής e. g. εὑ-λαβ-ής (: εὑ λαβεῖν) `careful' with - έομαι, - εια (IA.; lit. s. θρησκεύω, also Kerényi Byz.-Neugr. Jbb. 8, 306ff.). 4. ΛhαβΕτος PN (Att. epigr.). - B. From full-grade forms ( λήψομαι, ληφθῆναι): 1. λῆμμα ( ἀνά- λαμβάνω etc.) `taking in, accept' (Att.). 2. λῆψις ( ἀνά- λαμβάνω etc.), hell. λῆμψις `capture, apprehension, attack of a disease' (Hp., Att.), ἀπό-, διά-λαμψις = ἀπό-, διά-ληψις (Mytil., Kyme a. o.). 3. - λη(μ)πτωρ, e. g. συλ-λήπ-τωρ with συλλήπτρ-ια `participant, assistant' (Att.). 4. ἀνα-, κατα-ληπ-τήρ `scoop' resp. `clamp' (hell.), ἀνα- ληπτρ-ίς f. `connection' (Gal.). 5. παρα- λή(μ)π-της `tax-collector' (hell.), προσωπο-λήπ-της `who looks after the person' (NT). 6. ληπτικός ` receptive' (Arist.), further in comp., e. g. ἐπιληπτικός ` epileptic' (: ἐπίληψις, Hp.). 7. συλ-λήβ-δην adv. `taken together' (Thgn., A.). - On λάβρος s. v.; on ἀμφι-λαφής s. λάφυρον.Etymology: From Aegin. λhαβών, Att.ΛhαβΕτος and εἴληφα (and also hom. ἔ-λλαβον) we see IE. sl-; the Hom. present λάζομαι, for which λαμβάνω was an innovation (Schwyzer 699 f.; metr. uneasy? Kuiper Nasalpräs. 156) shows IE. gʷ; basis therefore IE. * slagʷ-. The aspiration in εἴληφα can be secondary (vgl. Schwyzer 772); perhaps another verb for `grasp' (s. λάφυρον) was involved; also some other formes were influenced by it. the zero grade must be secondary, *sl̥h₂- would hav got long ᾱ.Page in Frisk: 2,77-78Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λαμβάνω
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43 μάρτυς
Grammatical information: m. f.Meaning: `witness' (Il.; on the spread etc. E. Kretschmer Glotta 18, 92 f., on the use in Homer Nenci Par. del Pass. 13, 221ff.) `martyr, (blood-witness)' (christ. lit.; s. Bauer Gr.-dt. Wb. s.v.).Other forms: Aeol. (Hdn. Gr.) a. Dor. μάρτυρ, Cret. Epid. μαῖτυς (- ρς), - ρος, acc. also μάρτυν (Simon.), dat. pl. μάρτυσι (- ρσι Hippon.?); ep., also NWGr. μάρτυρος.Compounds: Compp., e.g. μαρτυρο-ποιέομαι `call as witness' (inscr., pap.), ψευδό-μαρτυς `false witness' (Pl.; Risch IF 59, 257 f.), ἐπί-μαρτυς `witness' (Ar., Call., A. R.), prob. backformation from ἐπι-μαρτύρομαι, - ρέω; on supposed ἐπιμάρτυρος (for ἔπι μάρτυρος) see Leumann Hom. Wörter 71.Derivatives: μαρτυρία (λ 325; cf. below on μαρτυρέω), μαρτύριον (IA) `testimony, evidence'. Denominatives: 1. μαρτύρομαι, also wiht prefix, e.g. δια-, ἐπι-, `call as witness' (IA); 2. μαρτυρέω, often w. prefix, e.g. ἀντι-, ἐκ-, ἐπι-, δια-, κατα-, συν-, `testify, bear witness' (Alc., Pi., IA) with μαρτύρημα (E.), ( ἀντι-, κατα-)-μαρτύρησις (Epicur., pap.) `testimony', also ( δια-, ἐκ-, ἐπι-, συμ-) μαρτυρία `id.' (cf. above and Scheller Oxytonierung 34f. w. n. 4).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The basis may be a verbal noun *μάρ-τυ- `testimony', seen in μάρ-τυς, - τυν, - τυσι; cf. below. The change from abstract `testimony' to appellative `witness' is attested more often, e.g. Fr. témoin \< Lat. testimonium, Engl. witness orig. `testimony', then `witness'. The suffix ρο- gave the personal, prob. orig. adjectival μάρτυ-ρος. A compromise with μάρτυς gave perhaps the consonantstem μάρτυρ-; note esp. the gen. pl. μαρτύρων ( ἐναντίον μαρτύρων etc.), which can be both from the o-stem and from the consonantstem; further see Egli Heteroklisie 117ff. Dissimilation occurred in μαῖτυ(ρ)ς (\< *μάρτυρ-ς); μάρτυσι and μάρτυς can be explained in the same way (Schwyzer 260); cf. above. - As zero grade τυ-derivation μάρτυς may belong to a verb for `remember', which may be found in Skt. smárati and which may have other derivatives in Greek, e.g. μέριμνα (s. v.); proper meaning *'remembrance'. -- Not with Thieme Studien 55 (with criticism of the traditional interpretation): from *mr̥t-tur prop. `seizing death' (?), cf. Leumann Gnomon 25, 191. - But this cannot explain the vocalism, so rather a loand from Pre-Greek (Fur. 296). The speculations above, which start from an IE origin, must be rejected.Page in Frisk: 2,178-179Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μάρτυς
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44 ὀδύσ(σ)ασθαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to be angry, to grumble' (Il.)Derivatives: None.Etymology: To aor. ὀδύσ(σ)ασθαι (e.g. ὀδύσαντο Z 138, ὀδυσ-σάμενος τ 407) belongs probably wit metr. lengthening οὑδύεται ἐρίζει H., a formation like ἠπύω (s. v.), ἱδρύω, μεθύω a.o. (s. Schwyzer 727). If not after other verbs in - ύω analogically created, ὀδύομαι (with ὀδυ-σ-θῆναι etc. w. second. σ) go back on a noun *ὀδ-υ-ς, which has been compared with a verb for `hate' in Lat. ōdī with ŏd-ium, Arm. ateam, with further connection with a Germ. adj. for `dirus, atrox', OS atol, OWNo. atall, and, still more uncertain, Hitt. ḫatuki- `terrible, frightful', s. Bq with older lit., also WP. 1, 174 f., W.-Hofmann s. ōdī, Friedrich Wb. s. v. (cf. on ἀτύζω). -- Improbable analysis of ὀδυσ- by Schulze Q. 341.Page in Frisk: 2,351Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀδύσ(σ)ασθαι
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45 πήνη
Grammatical information: f.Derivatives: πηνίον, Dor. πᾱν-, n. `spool with the thread reeled around it' (Ψ 762, Thphr., AP), also metaph. of a kind of puppet (Ar. Fr. 377, Arist.); Πηνῖτις (Πᾱν-), - ίτιδος f. "weaveress", surn. of Athena (Ael., AP), Πανίτης m. name of a Messenian (Hdt.; Redard 193 a. 211). Denominat. πηνίζομαι, Dor. πανί-σδομαι (Theoc.), also w. ἀνα-, ἀπο-, ἐκ-, `to reel, to reel off, from' (com., Arist., Thphr.) with πήνισμα n. `reeled wool' (Ar. Ra. 1315 [parody of A. ], AP.).Etymology: With πήνη, πῆνος are compared since Curtius and Fick some Lat. and Germ. words for `(piece of) cloth, piece': Lat. pannus (- nn- expressive?), Goth. OE fana, OHG fano m., NHG Fahne, all with IE a (Germ. also IE ŏ) against ā in πήνη. As already the relations between pannus and the Germ. ords because of the form has been doubted (Ernout-Meillet), the connection with πήνη because of the also deviating meaning seems still more doubtful. Further connection with the verb for `spin' (s. πένομαι) is also quite hypothetic. -- Rich lit. and numerous details in WP. 2, 5, Pok. 788, W.-Hofmann s. pannus; cf. also Vasmer Russ.et.Wb. s. opóna.Page in Frisk: 2,529-530Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πήνη
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46 πλαδαρός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `damp, watery, spongy, soft, flaccid, tasteless' (Hp., A. R., Dsc.).Derivatives: πλαδαρ-ότης f. `flaccidity' (Epicur.), - όομαι `to become soft' (Aq.), - ωσις f. (medic.), - ωμα n. (Suid.). Besides πλαδάω `to be watery, soft' (Hp., Arist., Ph.) with - ησις f. (Sor.); also - ωσις f. (Aët.) as from *-όω; πλάδος m. `dampness, sponginess' with - ώδης (Hp.), - όεις (sch.); πλάδη f. `id.' (Emp.), perh. backformation from πλαδάω.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Expressive words, to be found esp. in the medic. lit.. With πλαδ-αρός: - άω: - ος agree the semantically close rhiming words κλαδ-αρός: - άω: - ος, μαδ-αρός: - άω: - ος; thus ῥυπ-αρός: - άω: - ος a.o.; s. Chantraine Form. 227. The genetic relation of these forms remains unclear; cf. on κραδάω, κράδη. -- No agreements outside Greek; formally closest is a Balt. verb for `swim', e.g. Lith. példu (példžiu), peldė́ti. If on separates the d (cf. κλαδαρός: κλάω (?)) one may connect expressions for `pour, spill etc.' in Lith. pilù pìlti (with zero grade) and Arm. heɫum (* pel-nu-mi) a.o.; s. WP. 2, 54f. a. 66, Pok. 798f., Fraenkel s. vv. Earlier, dated attempts in Bq (also Specht Ursprung 171 a. 228). -- (Not to πλέω, πολύς). - The word can hardly be IE; is it Pre-Greek?Page in Frisk: 2,547-548Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πλαδαρός
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47 πῡός 2
πῡός 2.Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `animal-milk, first breast-milk' (com.).Derivatives: Besides πυετία, also (with contr. resp. metathesis) πυτία, πιτύα f. `clotted milk, rennet' (Arist., hell.), from *πυετός, to πυός as παγετός to πάγος a.o. (Schwyzer 501; diff. Scheller Oxytonierung 52, where many details).Etymology: Prob. in essence identical with πύον, πύος `pus' (WP. 2, 82, Pok. 848f), but with gender and accent after ὀρός, τυρός, which belong to the same sphere of meaning. The byforms πύαρ and πύας (if the tradition is correct) after ἔαρ, πῖαρ, resp. ἅλας, κρέας a.o. Both the consistency and other properties (smell, fermentation etc.) may have caused the transference. The expressions for congeal, getting sour, ferment, also of rotting touch each other now and then, e.g. Skt. śara- m. `sour cream', also śáras- n. `skin on cooked milk', Lat. cariēs `decay', both to the verb for `break' in Skt. śr̥ṇā́ti, κεραΐζω (s.v.) a.o., ptc. śīrṇá- `rotten, spoiled', to which also Lat. colostra `beesting', if from * corostra, may belong; s. Lidén KZ 61, 1ff. w. extensive treatment. -- Not with Persson Beitr. 1, 259 n. 3, Bq and Hofmann Et. Wb. s.v. (all hesitating) to Skt. púṣyati `thrive' (IE * pu-s- `swell').Page in Frisk: 2,627Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πῡός 2
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48 σπολάς
σπολάς, - άδοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `leather harness, jerkin' (S. Fr. 11, Ar., X.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (V)Etymology: Formation in - άς from a verbal noun *σπόλος, *σπολή. If prop. `(torn off) skin', with ( ἀ)σπάλαξ (s. v.; ?) from a verb for `split, tear off' (IE * sp(h)el-), to which belong also σπόλια τὰ παρατιλλόμενα ἐρίδια ἀπὸ τῶν σκελῶν τῶν προβάτων (formally = Lat. spolia), ἄσπαλον σκῦτος H., prob. also Thess. (IG 9: 2 p. XI [IIa]) σπόλος `pole' (= `split wood') [this seems quite doubtful to me]. However σπολεύς `kind of bread' (Philet. ap. Ath. 3, 114e) may be wrong for σποδεύς (s. on σποδός). -- From other languages: Lat. spolium `torn off animal skin, equipment taken from the enemy, taken off equipment', Lith. spãlis `beard, einzelne (Flachs)schäbe (= parts of the stalk of flax)', pl. spãliai `parts of the stalk (Schäben)', Germ., e.g. NHG spalten etc.; s. WP. 2, 677ff., Pok. 985ff., W.-Hofmann s. spolium, Hiersche Ten. aspiratae 193 f.; everwhere w. lit.; on the adduced Indian words also Mayrhofer s. phálati. Cf. on στέλλω; also ψαλίς. - Clearly the same word as ἄσπαλον, so a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 2,771Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπολάς
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49 στατός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `standing (still)', of a horse (Z 506 = O 263), of water (S. Ph. 716 [lyr.]) a.o.; hell. of jars `made, fit for standing' (Delos, pap.); subst. m. στάτος `vessel' (Delos, Oropos, H.), with στάτιον n. `id.' (Delos IIa).Derivatives: στατ-ικός (semant. conncted with στάσις) `belonging to weighing' ( τέχνη; Pl.), `standing still' (Arist.), `stilling' (hell. a. late); - ίζω, - ίζομαι `to stand, to set, to establish' (S., E. a. o.).Page in Frisk: 2,778Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στατός
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50 στυγέω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to hate, to detest, to hold back' (ep. poet., Il., Hdt. a. late prose).Other forms: Aor. στυγεῖν (Hom., Call., Nic. a.o.), στύξαι (λ 502 [caus.], A. R., Opp., AP), στυγ-ῆσαι, pass. - ηθῆναι, fut. - ήσομαι (trag.), perf. ἐστύγ-ηκα (Hdt. a.o.), - ημαι (Lyc.), - μαι (H.).Derivatives: στυγ-ητός `hated, detestable' (A. Pr., late prose), - ημα n. `object of hate, detestation' (E. a.o.), ἀπο- στυγέω ησις f. `detestation' (sch.). -- Besides the adj. 1. στυγ-ερός `hated, full of hate, detestable' (ep. poet. Il.). 2. - νός `id.', also `gruesome, sad etc.' (Archil., Hp., trag. etc.) with - νότης f. (hell. a. late), - νία f. (sch.), - νόομαι (also w. κατα-) `to be somber' (AP, H.), - νωσον χώρισον H., - νάζω (also w. δια-, κατα-, συν-) `to be, become overcast' (NT a.o.) with - νασις f. (late). 3. - ιος `hated, detestable' (E., Plu.; cf. on Στύξ below). Subst. 1. στύγος n. `hate, object of hate' (A. a.o.). 2. Στύξ, - γός f. river in the Underworld (Hom. etc.) with adj. Στύγιος (trag. a.o.), name of an Arcadian mountain brook wit icecold water (Hdt., Str., Paus.), also appellat. `hate, detestation' (Alciphr.), pl. `icy cold' (Thphr.); also = σκώψ (Ant. Lib. a.o.). Compp. στυγ-άνωρ `hating men' (A. Pr.), ψευσί-στυξ `hating lies' (AP).Etymology: The rise of the above forms cannot be reconstructed with certainty. Old is in any case the primary suffixless Στύξ; whether the pres. στυγέω or the aor. ἔστυγον was prior cannot be decided, as the latter just like στύξαι can be metrically conditioned; cf. ἔκτυπον s. κτύπος (also Schwyzer 721 and Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 347). From στυγέω first στυγη-τός, - μα, prob. also as backformation στύγος (cf. μισέω: μῖσος). The adj. can be explained in diff. ways. -- No certain etymology. As behind the notion `hate' a concrete conception will be hidden and for στύξ the meaning `icy cold, icecold water' is in fact attested (from where στυγέω prop. `shiver'?) it is obvious to connect a synonymous Slav. word: Russ. stýgnutь, stúgnutь `cool down, get cold, freeze', Stugna tributary of the Dniepr. Much less usual are forms with -d-, e.g. Russ. stúda `cold', studítь `cool (down)', OCS studъ also = αἰσχύνη; a Slavic change - dn- to - gn- is perhaps not to be excluded (s. lit. in Vasmer s. stýgnutь). Connection with a verb for `push etc.', e.g. Skt. tujáti, Germ., e.g. NLG stūken, is semantically more difficult to motivate. Further hypotheses (to στύω a.o.) in Bq, WP. 2, 616f. a. 620, Pok. 1033 u. 1035, Vasmer s.vv., also Fraenkel s. 1. stúgti; everywhere w. lit. -- New proposal by v. Windekens Orbis 13, 224 f.: to Toch. B ścono, śconiye `hate' from steu-n-.Page in Frisk: 2,812-813Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στυγέω
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51 σκοτάζω
V 0-0-2-4-0=6 Ez 31,15; Mi 6,14; Ps 104(105),28; Eccl 12,3; Lam 4,8to become dark, to remain in darkness Eccl 12,3; to grow dark, to become dark, to sadden Ez 31,15; to become black Lam 4,8*Mi 6,14 καὶ σκοτάσει and there shall be darkness-ךשׁויח ךשׁח (verb) for MT חךשׁוי חשׁי (subst.) your emptinessneol. (→συ-,,) -
52 ἠρίον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `mound, barrow' (Ψ 126).Compounds: Als 1. member in ἠρι-εργής τυμβώρυχος H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Acc. to Kretschmer Mélanges van Ginneken 207ff. here also the river name Ήριδανός: orig. name of a small river in Attica, then through mixing with ` Ροδανός applied to this and the Po (on the formation Schwyzer 530); diff. Pokorny Mélanges Boisacq 2, 193ff.: Ήριδανός from Rhodanos through Iber. * Errodanos with adaptation to the Attic river name (improbable; diff. on Ήριδανός Alessio Studi etr. 18, 150, Belardi Doxa 3, 205). Formation as κηρίον (: κηρός), μηρία (: μηρός) a. o. (Chantraine Formation 59). By the ancients connected with ἔρα `earth' (cf. Schwyzer 424, where unclear πολύηρος πολυάρουρος, πλούσιος H. is recalled), but after Ψ 126 μέγα ἠρίον rather to be reconstructed as *Ϝηρίον. Often derived from a root u̯er- `cover' (WP. 1, 280ff.), referring to Germanic words, e. g. OWNo. vǫr f. (IE *u̯orā) a. o. `hill or bank of stones or gravel', OWNo. ver n. (IE *u̯oriom) `dam', which depend first from a verb for ` avert', Goth. warjan etc. hang from. - (Not to Skt. vr̥ṇóti which rather belongs to εἰλύω; s. v.)Page in Frisk: 1,643-644Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἠρίον
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53 θαῦμα
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `wonder, astonishment' (Il.).Compounds: As 1. member e. g. in θαυματο-ποιός `wonder-worker = juggler' (Pl., D.).Derivatives: θαυματός `wonderfull' (Hes. Sc. 165, h. Hom., Pi.) with θαυμάσιος `id.' (IA; Schwyzer 466), from where θαυμασιότης (Hp.); θαυματόεις `id.' (Man.); Θαύμας, - αντος (Hes.; Schwyzer 526, Chantraine Formation 269). Denomin. verbs: 1. θαυμαίνω `wonder, admire' (θ 108, h. Ven. 84) with Dor. Θωμάντας (Phleius); 2. θαυμάζω `id.' (Il.; on the formation Schwyzer 734) with θαυμαστής `admirer' and θαυμαστικός (Arist.), θαυμασμός `admiration' (hell.), θαύμακτρον prob. `money paid to see consurer's tricks' (Sophr. 120; cf. Chantraine 332); 3. θαυματίζομαι ἐκπλήττομαι H. - Θώμων (Boeot.); cf. γνῶμα: γνώμων a. o.; s. Bechtel Hist. Personennamen 214.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: θαῦμα belongs to the group of θάμβος, τέθηπα etc. with Pre-Greek labial\/F (Fur. 228-33); this also explains θῶμα with αυ\/ω, beside which through etymological notation in Hdt. also θῶυμα (Hoffmann Dial. 3, 366f.); from IE the variation cannot be explained. These verbal nouns go back on a verb for `see, observe', seen also in θέα `looking at' (s. v.), θεάομαι `behold'; θαῦμα. Thus Kuiper Gedenksch. Kretchmer (1956) 225, Fur. 236, 242 (who further compares Proto-Hatt. tāu̯u̯a `fear').Page in Frisk: 1,655-656Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θαῦμα
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54 κέσκεον
Grammatical information: n.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Popular reduplicated formation (cf. Schwyzer 423) \< *κέσ-κεσ-ο-ν to a verb for `comb, hackel, scratch' in OCS češǫ (yot-present), česati, perh also in Hitt. kišāi-, IE. * kes-, with the verbal nouns Czech. pa-čes `tow', Lith. kasà `plait, braid' (IE. * kos-ā), MIr. cīr f. (* kēs-rā), perh. also Hitt. kišri- name of something of wool; other forms Pok. 585, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. česátь, W.-Hofmann s. carrō. - A lengthening is ξέω; s. also ξαίνω, ξύω. --A reduplicated *κεσ-κεσ- is an improbable IE structure; I think that - εον derives from Pre-Greek -ay-on (Beekes, Pre-Greek Suffixes sub - αι-\/ ε(ι)-) ωηιχη γανε -ε(ι)ον. So the word is Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,834Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κέσκεον
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55 κόρις
Grammatical information: m. (f.)Meaning: `bug, Cimex lectularius' (Ar., Sor., Phryn.); also a fish (Dorio, Boeot. inscr., s. Lacroix Mélanges Boisacq 2, 52; after the flat form, Strömberg Fischnamen 124) and as plant-name, `Hypericum empetrifolium' (Dsc., Aët.; after form and aspect of the leaves?, Strömberg Theophrastea 50).Derivatives: Denomin. κορίζω `be full of bugs' (Gloss.).Etymology: Identical with Russ. korь f. `moth', as old verbal noun of the verb for `shave, cut' in κείρω etc. (s. v)?; so prop. "the cutting, biting"; WP. 2, 574 after Lidén Armen. Stud. 82f. (with semantic parallels) and Persson Beitr. 2, 942; diff. Solmsen Wortforsch. 161. - On the formation cf. τρόπις, τρόφις, τρόχις a. o. (Schwyzer 462). Cf. κόριον s. κορίαννον. Cf. Jouanna, RPh. 50 (1976) 32-40; Gil Fernandez, Nombres de insectos 109.Page in Frisk: 1,922Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόρις
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56 νῆστις
Grammatical information: m. a. f.Meaning: `not eating, fasting, sober (jejune)' (Il.); subst. f. part of the small intestine, `intestinum ieiunum', as it was found always empty upon section (Hp., Arist.; Strömberg Wortstudien 63); second. masc. νήστης (Semon., Arist.), f. νήστειρα (Nic. Al. 130; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 126 A. 2). With pleonastic ἀ- (cf. ἀβέλτερος) ἄνηστις = ἄσιτος (A. Fr. 433 Mette, Cratin. 45).Derivatives: νηστεύω `fast' with νηστεία, -η f. `fasting' (IA.) and the rare and late adj. νήστ-ιμος (pap.; Arbenz 87), - ικός (Aët.) `belonging to fasting'.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [not in Pok.] *n̥-h₁d-ti- `not eating, fasting, sober'Etymology: From the negation n̥- and the verb for `eat' (not as substantiv. of 3. sg. *νῆστι `he does not eat'; Wackernagel Gött. Nachr. 1914, 48 = Kl. Schr. 2, 1150, Syntax 2,252 (Schwyzer 504 n. 6). -- On the Sicilian watergoddess Νῆστις (Emp. 6, 3), which does not belong here s. Mayer Mél. Bq 2, 135 f. w. further lit.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νῆστις
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57 ὀλισθάνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to slide, to slip, to glide' (Att.).Other forms: - αίνω (Arist., hell.), aor. ὀλισθ-εῖν (Il.), - ῆσαι (Hp., hell.), - ῆναι (Nic.), 2. sg. ὤλισθας (epigr. Ia--Ip), fut. ὀλισθήσω (hell.), perf. ὠλίσθηκα (Hp.).Derivatives: 1. Verbal subst.: ὀλίσθ-ημα n. `fall, sprain' (Hp., Pl.), - ησις (also ἀπ-, κατ-, περι-) f. `slipping, spraining' (medic., Plu.); on the meaning-difference between ὀλίσθ-ημα and - ησις Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 138; backformation ὄλισθος m. `lubricity' (Hp., hell.), also name of a slippery fish (Opp.; Strömberg Fischnamen 28). 2. Verbal adj.: ὀλισθ-ηρός `slippery,' (Pi., IA), - ήεις `id.' (AP; poet. formation cf. Schwyzer 527), - ανωτέρα `id.' (nom. f. sg.; Gal,; rather from ὀλισθάνω than with Thumb IF 14, 346 f. from ὄλισθος), ὀλισθός `id.' (Hdn. Gr. 1, 147; prob. first to ὄλισθος w. accentshift), - ητικός `making slippery' (Hp.). -- On its own stands ὀλισθράζω = ὀλισθάνω (Epich., Hp. ap. Gal. 19, 126) as if from *ὄλισθρος, cf. ὀλιβ(ρ)άξαι from ὀλιβρός (s.v.).Etymology: The themat. root-aorist ὀλισθεῖν, from which all other forms derive, direct or indirectly, and whose function as aorist was perh. connected with the rise of the present in - άνω (to which later - αίνω; Schwyzer 748 with Brugmann Grundr.2 II: 3, 365), recalls - δαρθεῖν (: δαρ-θάνω), αἰσθέσθαι (: αἰσθάνομαι) and can like this contain an enlarging IE dh-element with Gr. σθ from dh-dh. As source of σθ however, also IE dh-t can be considered, with βλαστεῖν (: βλαστάνω), ἁμαρτεῖν (: ἁμαρτάνω) as parallel (Schwyzer 703f.). -- Orig.. *ὀλιθ-, with prothet. ὀ- can well be sompared with a verb for `glide, shove' in Germ. and Balt., e.g. OE slīdan (NEngl. slide), MHG slīten, Lith. slýs-ti, pret. slýd-au (with second. y beside slidùs `smooth, slippery'). Here further isolated nouns in Slav. and Celt.: OCS slědъ, Russ. sled m. `trace' (IE * sloidh-o-), NIr. slaod `gliding mass' (formation unclear). Also the not certainly interpreted Skt. srédhati about `stumble, make a mistake' may belong here. When we analyse as sli-dh- (cf. Benveniste Origines 192) also ὀλιβρόν etc. may be connected, s. v. Furher forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 707f., Pok. 960f., Vasmer s. sled, Fraenkel s. slidùs. S. also 1. λοῖσθος.Page in Frisk: 2,377Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀλισθάνω
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58 παλαστή
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `flat of the hand, breadth of four fingers' (IA).Other forms: - άστα (Aeol.), sec. - αιστή (after παλαίω?; Hp., Arist., pap.), also - αιστής m. (LXX, Hero Deff. a. Geom.; after μετρητής a.o.)Compounds: As 2. member e.g. in τρι-πάλα(ι)στος `measuring three handbreadths' (IA., hell.).Derivatives: παλα(ι)στ-ιαῖος `measuring a handbreadth' (IA., hell.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: To the same verb for `spread out' as in παλάμη (s.v.), with the same old st-suffix as in several related words, e.g. ἀγοστός; s.v. w. further references. -- The word seems rather Pre-Greek, as is confirmed by the variation σ\/ισ (which prob. points to a palatal sy); cf. Furnée 296. Cf. on λεπαστή (s.v. λέπας).Page in Frisk: 2,467Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > παλαστή
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59 πέπων
πέπων, - ονοςGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: `ripe', metaph. `soft, mild'.Other forms: m. f. (ion. att.; Hom. only voc. πέπον, s.v.), f. also πέπειρα (Anacr., Hp., S., Ar.) with new m. πέπειρος (Hp., Thphr., LXX); comp. a. superl. πεπαί-τερος, - τατος (after πεπαίνω [Schwyzer 535]?), also πεπειρό-τερος, - τατος (cf. Leumann Mus. Helv. 2, 9f. = Kl. Schr. 223f.),Derivatives: πεπαίνω, aor. πεπᾶν-αι, - θῆναι with - θήσομαι, perf. inf. πεπάνθαι (Arist.), also w. ἐκ-, κατα-, ὑπερ-, `to make ripe, to ripen', metaph. `to mollify, to mellow, to soothe' (IA.) with πέπαν-σις f. `ripening' (Arist.), - τικός `making ripe' (Hp., Dsc.); backformation πέπαν-ος (- ός) `ripe' (Paus., Artem.); πέπανας πλακούντια H. (= πόπανα, s. πέσσω).Etymology: Old primary formation with n-suffix from the IE verb for `cook, make ripe' (s. πέσσω); so prob. from IE * pekʷ-on-; cf. first πίων ( πέπειρα in any case after πίειρα). Parallel goes the u̯o-formation in Skt. pak-vá-, Pasht. pox `cooked, done, ripe'. Nothing resists connecting πέπων, if from *πέπ-Ϝων, directly with this (on the phonetics cf. Schwyzer 301). -- The ep. voc. πέπον `deer, best !' (on it Brunius-Nilsson Δαιμόνιε [Diss. Uppsala 1955] 55ff.) Specht KZ 55, 18 f. wants to separate it from πέπων `ripe' and connect with Lith. pẽpinti `coddle'; thus on πεπαίνω in the meaning `weaken' Fraenkel Arch. Philol. 7, 21 ff.; all of this strongly doubted and rejected by Fraenkel Wb. s. v. and s. paĩkas. --Further s. πέσσω.Page in Frisk: 2,509-510Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέπων
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60 πρώξ
πρώξ, πρωκόςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `dewdrop' (Theoc., Call.).Other forms: only pl. πρῶκες.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [820] *prōḱ- `drop' (`spotted').Etymology: Formation like κλώψ, ῥῶπες, τρώξ a. o. (s. Chantraine Form. 2, Schwyzer 424); so prob. prop. a nom. agentis "the dripper, the sprinkler" from a lost verb for `sprinkle', which left traces in several derived adj., s. περκνός. On the meaning `sprinkle': `drop' cf. esp. Skt. pŕ̥ṣan- `spotted, speckled', pr̥ṣatá- m. `spotted gazelle' (Ved.), `drop of water' (ep. class.).Page in Frisk: 2,608Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πρώξ
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