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1 εἵλη 2
εἵλη 2.Grammatical information: f.Other forms: ( εἴλη, ἕλη), βέλα (= Ϝέλα) ἥλιος, καὶ αὑγή, ὑπὸ Λακώνων H. (idem to ἔλα); unclear γέλαν (= Ϝέλαν?) αὑγην ἡλίου, because of γελεῖν λάμπειν, ἀνθεῖν H. perh. to γελάω, γαλήνη (s. vv.), but γελοδυτία ἡλιοδυσία H. belongs to Ϝέλα.Compounds: As 1. member in εἱλη-θερής `warmed by the sun' (Hp., Gal.), ἐλαθερές ἡλιοθαλπές H., rather to θέρομαι then to θέρος (s. Schwyzer 513); from there εἱληθερέω, - έομαι `warm (oneself) in the sun' (Hp.); εἱλι-κρινής, εἱλό-πεδον, s. vv. As 2. member in πρός-ειλος `exposed to the heat of the sun, sunny' (A.), εὔ-ειλος `id.' (Ar.), ἄ-ειλος `sunless' (A. Fr. 334).Derivatives: εἰλήϊον ἐν ἡλίῳ θερμανθέν H. (false explanation of Ίλήϊον Φ 558 ?); denomin. verb ἐλᾶται ἡλιοῦται, fut. βελ[λ]άσεται ἡλιωθήσεται H. εἰληθέντες `warmed in the sun', εἰλέω Eust.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1045] *su̯el(H)- `burn, singe'Etymology: PGr. *Ϝhέλᾱ (*hϜέλα; cf. Schwyzer 226f.), from where Ϝέλᾱ, ἕλᾱ beside which one assumed a form with prothetic vowel: *ἐ-Ϝhέλᾱ \> εἵλη, εἴλη, belongs as verbal noun IE *su̯elā to a verb `burn slowly, singe', which is still existent in Germanic and Baltic, e. g. OE swelan, NHG schwelen (full grade), Lith. svìlti (zero grade of a disyllabic root: *su̯elH-) `singe (intr.), burn without flame' with many derivatives. The Greek forms present εἱλ- beside ἑλ-, which cannot be explained. From a root *su̯el- a form h₁u̯el- is hardly possible. Unless there is an unknown phonetic development, the problem cannot be solved: analogical spread of εἱλ-? From Greek also here 1. ἀλέα ( ἁλ-) `heat of the sun', s. v. - On more cognates further away, e. g. OHG swelzan `burn', OE sweltan `die', ONord. svelta `hunger, die' from IE *su̯eld- (also Arm. k`aɫc`), the last certainly an independent root, s. WP. 2, 531f., esp. Solmsen Unt. 248ff. - S. also ἥλιος. On ἑλάνη `torch' s. v.Page in Frisk: 1,458-459Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > εἵλη 2
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2 καῦμα
A burning heat, esp. of the sun, καύματος ἔξ after sun-heat, Il.5.865, cf. Hes.Op. 415, 588, Alc.39, S.Ant. 417, Epinic.1.10, etc.; πρὶν ἂν τὸ κ. παρέλθῃ the heat of the day, Pl.Phdr. 242a, cf. Ti. 70d;ἐὰν ᾖ κ. Arist.Mete. 342b10
: freq. in pl.,ἡλίου τε καύμασιν S.OC 350
, cf. Hdt.3.104, X.Cyn.5.9, etc.; [τόποι] ὑπὸ καυμάτων διαφθειρόμενοι Isoc.11.12
;καύματα καὶ χειμῶνες Phld.Piet.87
: in pl., also of frost, Ath.3.98b, Luc.Lex.2.2 fever heat, Th.2.49; of inflamed conditions, Hp.VM19, Aph.7.13: metaph., of love,κ. ἀρσενικόν AP12.87
.II in pl., holes burnt by cautery, Hp.Art.11, Arist.Pr. 863a31.V firewood, PLond.3.1166.6, al. (i A.D.). -
3 σκιατροφέω
σκῐᾱτροφ-έω, [dialect] Ion. [full] σκῐητροφέω; [dialect] Att.also [full] σκιᾱτρᾰφέω (v. infr.): ([etym.] σκιά, τρέφω):—A rear in the shade or within doors, i.e. bring up tenderly, σκιατροφοῦντες [τὰ σώματα] Max.Tyr.28.3:—[voice] Pass., keep in the shade, shun heat and labour,σκηνὰς πηξάμενοι ἐσκιητροφέοντο Hdt.6.12
;μὴ σκιατραφούμενος Trag.Adesp.546.8
(v.l. -τροφ-); καθῆσθαι καὶ σκιατραφεῖσθαι X.Oec.4.2
, cf. Muson.Fr.11p.59H. (- τροφ-, v.l. -τραφ-) ; ἐσκιατ ραφημένη (v.l. -τροφ-)σωμάτων ἕξις Plu.2.8d
;ὁπλίτας ἐσκιατροφημένους Max.Tyr.30.7
; of a plant, σκιατροφούμενος growing in the shade, Thphr.CP2.7.4.II intr. in [voice] Act., wear a shade, cover one's head,σκιητροφέουσι,.. τιάρας φορέοντες Hdt.3.12
: hence also, like [voice] Pass., πλούσιος ἐσκιατροφηκώς a rich effeminate man, opp. πένης ἡλιωμένος one who bears all the heat of the day, Pl.R. 556d.III ἐσκιοτροφημένα f.l. for ἐσκιαγραφημένα in Suid.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σκιατροφέω
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4 καῦμα
-ατος + τό N 3 3-1-4-6-8=22 Gn 8,22; 31,40; Dt 32,10; 2 Sm 4,5; Is 4,6heat TobS 2,9*Prv 25,13 κατὰ καῦμα in the heat-בחום for MT ביום in the day, in the timeCf. MARGOLIS, M. 1906b=1972 66 -
5 θέρμη
θέρμη (also in the form θέρμὰs. Phryn. 331 Lob.; WRutherford, New Phryn. 1881, 198; 414; Frisk s.v. θερμός. The word since Aristoph., Fgm. 690; Thu.+; ins, pap; Job 6:17; Ps 18:7; Sir 38:28; GrBar 9:8; Jos., Bell. 3, 272), ης, ἡ (der. fr. θερμός) heat ἀπὸ τῆς θ. because of the heat Ac 28:3.—DELG s.v. θέρομαι 3 (θερμός). M-M. -
6 πίπτω
πίπτω (Hom.+) impf. ἔπιπτον; fut. πεσοῦμαι (B-D-F §77; Rob. 356); 2 aor. ἔπεσον and ἔπεσα (B-D-F §81, 3; W-S. §13, 13; Mlt-H. 208; W-H., app. p. 164; Tdf., Prol. p. 123); pf. 2 sg. πέπτωκας Rv 2:5 (πέπτωκες v.l.; B-D-F §83, 2; W-S. §13, 16; Mlt-H 221), 3 pl. πέπτωκαν Rv 18:3 v.l. (W-S. §13, 15; Mlt-H. 221)① to move w. relative rapidity in a downward direction, fall, the passive of the idea conveyed in βάλλω.ⓐ fall (down) from a higher point, w. the ‘point from which’ designated by ἀπό (Hom. et al.) ἀπὸ τῆς τραπέζης from the table Mt 15:27; Lk 16:21. ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ Mt 24:29. ἀπὸ τῆς κεφαλῆς Ac 27:34 v.l. (of the falling out of hair, as Synes., Calvit. 1, p. 63b). The direction or destination of the fall is expressed by an adv. ἀπὸ τοῦ τριστέγου κάτω down from the third story Ac 20:9. ἀπὸ τοῦ κεράμου χαμαί from the roof to the ground Hm 11:20. ἔκ τινος from someth.: ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ (Sallust. 4 p. 8, 19; Job 1:16; 3 Km 18:38.—SibOr 5, 72 ἐξ ἄστρων) Mk 13:25; of lightning (Ps.-Plut., Vi. Hom. 111 εἰ ἐκπίπτοι ἡ ἀστράπη; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 9, 5; 6) Lk 10:18 (Lycophron, vs. 363 of the image of Athena ἐξ οὐρανοῦ πεσοῦσα. Cp. σατάν; be thrown is also possible here); Rv 8:10a; the destination is added ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ εἰς τὴν γῆν 9:1 (Ps.-Callisth. 2, 10, 10 ἐξ οὐρανοῦ εἰς τὸ ἔδαφος πεπτωκότες). W. only the destination given ἐν μέσῳ τῶν ἀκανθῶν among the thorns Lk 8:7. ἐπί τι on someth. Rv 8:10b. ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν (Aeschyl., Ag. 1019; Am 3:5; JosAs 16:16) Mt 10:29 (with the patristic v.l. εἰς παγίδα cp. Am 3:5 and Aesop, Fab. 193 P.=340 H./284 Ch./207 H-H. of a bird: ἐμπίπτειν εἰς τοὺς βρόχους); 13:8; Hm 11:21 (here the ‘place from which’ is designated by an adv.: ἄνωθεν).—ἐπὶ τὰ πετρώδη Mt 13:5; cp. Mk 4:5 (ἐπί 4bγ). ἐπὶ τὰς ἀκάνθας Mt 13:7 (ἐπί 4bδ). A pers. falls down ἐπὶ τὸν λίθον on the stone Mt 21:44a; Lk 20:18a. Conversely the stone falls on a pers. Mt 21:44b; Lk 20:18b. Likew. ἐπί τινα 23:30; Rv 6:16 (cp. on both Hos 10:8).—In imagery ὁ ἥλιος π. ἐπί τινα the (heat of the) sun falls upon someone Rv 7:16 (Maximus Tyr. 4, 1a ἡλίου φῶς πίπτον εἰς γῆν; Alex. Aphr., An. Mant. p. 146, 9 Br. τὸ φῶς ἐπὶ πάντα πίπτει). ὁ κλῆρος π. ἐπί τινα (κλῆρος 1) Ac 1:26. come (upon) ἐπί τινα someone ἀχλὺς καὶ σκότος Ac 13:11. Rv 11:11 v.l. (φόβος 2a).—εἴς τι (Hes., Op. 620) εἰς τὴν γῆν (Phlegon: 257 Fgm. 36, 1, 5 Jac. πίπτειν εἰς τὴν γῆν) Mk 4:8; Lk 8:8; J 12:24; Rv 6:13; 1 Cl 24:5. εἰς τὴν ὁδόν Hv 3, 7, 1. εἰς βόθυνον Mt 15:14; cp. Lk 14:5. εἰς τὰς ἀκάνθας Mk 4:7; Lk 8:14. εἰς τὸ πῦρ Hv 3, 7, 2. παρά τι on someth. παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν (Iambl. Erot. p. 222, 22) Mt 13:4; Mk 4:4; Lk 8:5. ἐγγύς τινος near someth. ἐγγὺς (τῶν) ὑδάτων Hv 3, 2, 9; 3, 7, 3.ⓑ of someth. that, until recently, has been standing (upright) fall (down), fall to piecesα. of personsא. fall to the ground, fall down (violently) εἰς τὸ πῦρ καὶ εἰς τὸ ὕδωρ Mt 17:15 (but HZimmern, Die Keilinschriften u. d. AT3 1903, 366; 363f, and JWeiss ad loc. take the falling into fire and water to mean fever and chills). ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς (SibOr 4, 110; 5, 100) Mk 9:20 (π. under the infl. of a hostile spirit; sim. Jos., Ant. 8, 47). ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν (SibOr 4, 110 v.l.) Ac 9:4; cp. 22:7 (s. ἔδαφος). χαμαί (Job 1:20; Philo, Agr. 74) J 18:6. ἔπεσα πρὸς τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ ὡς νεκρός Rv 1:17.—Abs. fall down GPt 5:18 v.l. Fall dead (Paradox. Vat. 37 Keller πίπτει; Mel., P. 26, 184 πρηνὴς δὲ ἔπιπτε σιγῶν) Ac 5:5, 10; 1 Cor 10:8 (cp. Ex 32:28); Hb 3:17 (Num 14:29). Specifically fall in battle (Ael. Aristid. 46 p. 233 D.; Appian, Hann. 56 §236; Jos., Vi. 341; 354) Lk 21:24 (cp. στόμα 4 and Sir 28:18; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010, 3–11 σὺ ἐν ῥομφαίᾳ πεσῇ … πεσοῦνται ἐν μαχαίρῃ]).ב. fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion or humility, before high-ranking persons or divine beings, esp. when one approaches w. a petition (LXX; TestAbr A 18 p. 100, 29 [Stone p. 48]; JosAs 14:4; ApcSed 14:2), abs. Mt 2:11; 4:9; 18:26, 29; Rv 5:14; 19:4; 22:8 (in all these places [except Mt 18:29] π. is closely connected w. προσκυνεῖν [as Jos., Ant. 10, 213 after Da 3:5 and ApcMos 27]. Sim. in many of the places already mentioned). W. var. words added (Jos., Ant. 10, 11 πεσὼν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον τ. θεὸν ἱκέτευε; Gen 17:3, 17; Num 14:5) ἐπὶ πρόσωπον (αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶν) Mt 17:6; 26:39; Lk 5:12; 17:16 (ἐπὶ πρόσωπον παρὰ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ); 1 Cor 14:25; ἐπὶ τὰ πρόσωπα αὐτῶν Rv 7:11; 11:16; ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς Mk 14:35. Further, the one to whom devotion is given can be added in var. ways: ἐνώπιόν τινος (cp. 2 Km 3:34) Rv 4:10; 5:8; 7:11. ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ποδῶν τινος 19:10. εἰς τοὺς πόδας τινός (Diog. L. 2, 79) Mt 18:29 v.l.; J 11:32 v.l. ἐπὶ τοὺς πόδας Ac 10:25 (v.l. adds αὐτοῦ). παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τινός Lk 8:41; 17:16 (s. above). πρὸς τοὺς πόδας τινός Mk 5:22; J 11:32; Ac 10:25 D; Hv 3, 2, 3.β. of things, esp. structures fall, fall to pieces, collapse, go down (Appian, Iber. 54 §228; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 192, Ant. 16, 18) of the σκηνὴ Δαυίδ (σκηνή end) Ac 15:16 (Am 9:11). Of a house fall (in) (Diod S 11, 63, 2 τῶν οἰκιῶν πιπτουσῶν; Dio Chrys. 6, 61; 30 [47], 25; Aristeas Hist.: 725 Fgm. 1, 3 Jac. [in Eus., PE 9, 25, 3]; Job 1:19) Mt 7:25, 27; Lk 6:49 v.l. (Diod S 15, 12, 2 τῶν οἰκιῶν πιπτουσῶν because of the influx of the ποταμός). τὰ τείχη Ἰεριχὼ ἔπεσαν Hb 11:30 (cp. Josh 6:5, 20.—Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 112 §524; Ael. Aristid. 25, 42 K.=43 p. 813 D.: τὰ τείχη π.). ἐφʼ οὓς ἔπεσεν ὁ πύργος upon whom the tower fell Lk 13:4 (of a πύργος X., Hell. 5, 2, 5; Arrian, Anab. 6, 7, 5; Polyaenus 6, 50; Jos., Bell. 5, 292; SibOr 11, 12.—π. ἐπί τινα Job 1:19). οἶκος ἐπὶ οἶκον πίπτει house falls upon house 11:17 (Jülicher, Gleichn. 221f). Of a city (Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 25, 6) Ox 1, 18f (=GTh 32); cp. Rv 11:13; 16:19.—Fig. become invalid, come to an end, fail (Pla., Euthyphr. 14d; Philostrat., Ep. 9) Lk 16:17 (cp. Josh 23:14 v.l.; Ruth 3:18); 1 Cor 13:8.② to experience loss of status or condition, fall, be destroyed, in ext. sense of 1.ⓐ fall, be destroyed ἔπεσεν, ἔπεσεν Βαβυλών (Β. as symbol of humans in opposition to God and God’s people; cp. Is 21:9; Jer 28:8.; Just., D. 49, 8.—Repetition of the verb for emphasis as Sappho, Fgm. 131 D.2 οὔκετι ἴξω … οὔκετι ἴξω [Campbell 114 p. 138: οὐκέτι ἤξω … οὐκέτι ἤξω]; Aristoph., Equ. 247; M. Ant. 5, 7; Ps.-Libanius, Char. Ep. p. 33, 5 ἐρῶ, ἐρῶ. This is to remove all possibility of doubt, as Theod. Prodr. 5, 66 εἶδον, εἶδον=‘I have really seen’; Theocr. 14, 24 ἔστι Λύκος, Λύκος ἐστί=it really is a wolf; in Rv w. focus on lamentation, s. reff. Schwyzer II 60) Rv 14:8; 18:2.ⓑ fall in a transcendent or moral sense, be completely ruined (Polyb. 1, 35, 5; Diod S 13, 37, 5; Pr 11:28; Sir 1:30; 2:7; TestGad 4:3)=fall from a state of grace Ro 11:11 (fig. w. πταίω [q.v. 1]), 22; Hb 4:11 (perh. w. ref. to the final judgment). Also in a less severe sense= go astray morally τοὺς πεπτωκότας ἔγειρον 1 Cl 59:4.—In wordplay ‘stand and fall’ (cp. Pr 24:16) Ro 14:4; 1 Cor 10:12; 2 Cl 2:6. μνημόνευε πόθεν πέπτωκες remember (the heights) from which you have fallen Rv 2:5.ⓒ ὑπὸ κρίσιν π. fall under condemnation Js 5:12 (on π. ὑπό τι cp. Diod S 4, 17, 5 π. ὑπʼ ἐξουσίαν [Just., D. 105, 4]; Herodian 1, 4, 2; 2 Km 22:39; Tat. 8, 2 ὑπὸ τὴν εἱμαρμένην; Hippol., Ref. 4, 3, 5 ὑπὸ τὴν ἐπίσκεψιν fall under scrutiny; Did., Gen. 211, 5 ὑπὸ κατάραν; Theoph. Ant. 2, 25 [p. 162, 12] ὑπὸ θάνατον).ⓓ π. … εἰς νόσον καὶ ἔσχατον κίνδυνον in sickness and extreme peril AcPl Ha 4, 15.ⓔ fall, perish (Philo, Aet. M. 128) πίπτοντος τοῦ Ἰσραήλ B 12:5. οἱ πέντε ἔπεσαν five have perished, disappeared, passed from the scene Rv 17:10 (cp. also π.=‘die’ Job 14:10).—B. 671. DELG. M-M. TW. Spicq. -
7 λόγχη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `spear-, lancehead, javelin, lance' (Pi.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. λογχο-φόρος `lance-bearer' (E., Ar., X., Plb.), δί-λογχος `with double-lance' (A.).Derivatives: Diminut.: λογχ-ίον (hell. inscr.), - άριον (Posidon., Luc.), - ίς (hell. [?]), - ίδια (H. s. ζιβύννια). Adj.: λόγχιμος `belonging to the lance' (A.; after μάχιμος, Arbenz 79); λογχωτός `provided with lance(s)' (B., E., hell. inscr.; on the formation Schwyzer 503: 4) with λογχόομαι, s. below; λογχήρης `id.' (E.), λογχαῖος μετὰ τῆς λόγχης (Suid.). Subst.: λογχίτης m. `lance-bearer' (Hdn.; Redard 41), λογχῖτις f. plantname (Dsc., Gal.; after the form of the seeds, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 55). Verbs: λογχόομαι `provide with lance' (Arist., Str.; prob. backformation from λογχωτός) and (rare) λογχεύω `pierce with a lance' (AP 9, 300 in tit.), λογχάζει H. as explanation of δοράζει. From λόγχη NGr. λόχη `flame' with λοχεύω of stinging of bees, metaph. of the heat of fever, s. Hatzidakis in Kretschmer Glotta 5, 293.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unexplained. Several unconvincing hypotheses. To λαγ-χάνω as "the reaching" (Solmsen Unt. 83 w. n. 1 hesitating after Prellwitz); prop. "the long one" from *λογχος = Lat. longus (Prellwitz Wb.2, Walde LEW2 s. longus), evtl. through cross with a form *λάχη belonging to λαχαίνω with further connection with Celt., e.g. MIr. lāigen `lance' (Walde LEW2 s. lancea; against this s. λαχαίνω), (also Lat. lancea is involved as indirect loan from λόγχη, s. W.-Hofmann s. v. All little convincing.Page in Frisk: 2,133-134Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λόγχη
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8 πιέζω
Aπίεζον Od.12.174
, etc.: [tense] fut.πιέσω Diph.18.3
; [dialect] Ep.πιέσσω Nonn.D.4.146
: [tense] aor.ἐπίεσα Hp.Fract.6
, Hdt.9.63, Th.2.52, etc. (but subj.πιέξῃς Hp.Fract.5
, inf.πιέξαι IG42(1).123.116
(Epid., iv B.C.), part. πιέξας (v.l. πιάξας) Nic.Al. 224): [tense] pf.πεπίεκα Demetr.Lac. Herc.1012.44
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.πιεσθήσομαι Gal.11.317
( δια-), Heliod ap. Orib.10.18.15: [tense] aor.ἐπιέσθην Od.8.336
, Sol.13.37, Hdt.4.11, etc.;ἐπιέχθην Hp.Fract.5
, etc.: [tense] pf. , Procl.Hyp.5.49, cj. in Alciphr.3.55. etc.;πεπίεγμαι Hp.Fract.5
.—From [full] πῐεζέω we have πιεζέουσι v.l. in Id.Fract.31 : [tense] impf. πιέζευν v.l. in Od.12.174, 196; part.πιεζεῦντα Hp.Off.25
, Fract.9,πιεζεῦσαν Herod.8.47
:—[voice] Pass., part.πιεζεύμενος Hdt.3.146
, 6.108, 8.142 (always with v.l. - όμενος), Hp.Nat.Puer.21,πιεζούμενος Plb.3.74.2
; imper.πιεζείσθω IG4.364.7
(Corinth, iv A.D.): [tense] impf.ἐπιεζοῦντο Plb.11.33.3
; so in later Gr., as Plu. Thes.6, Alc.2, etc.; [dialect] Dor., [dialect] Aeol., and later Gr. [full] πῐάζω Alcm.44, Alc.148: [tense] aor. 1 , Ev.Jo.8.20;ἐπίαξα Theoc.4.35
, ( ἀμφ- ) Ep..6: [voice] Pass., [tense] fut.πιασθήσομαι LXX Si.23.21
: [tense] aor.ἐπιάσθην Apoc.19.20
: [tense] pf. (i B. C.), Dsc.1.15, Hippiatr.34:—press tight, squeeze,χειρὶ ἑλὼν ἐπίεζε βραχίονα Il.16.510
, cf. Hes.Op. 497; ἀστεμφέως ἐχέμεν μᾶλλόν τε π. Od.4.419; , cf. 164; π. τὰ χείλεα compress them, Hp.VM22; ῥύγχος εἰς ὄξος π. Axionic.8.5 ; π. τοὺς ὑπευθύνους squeezing them (like figs), to try if they are ripe, Ar.Eq. 259 ;σφόδρα π. αὐτοῦ τὸν πόδα Pl. Phd. 117e
;π. [τὴν δεξιὰν] ἐμπαθῶς Plb.31.24.9
: abs., X.Mem.3.10.13, Arist.Rh. 1361b17 :—[voice] Pass., to be pressed tight,ἐν δεσμοῖς Od.8.336
, cf. Hp.Fract.25, al.; of wrestlers, Plu.Alc.2; πιέζεται ὅσα πόρους ἔχει κενούς are compressible, Arist.Mete. 386b1.II press or weigh down, of a heavy weight,Σικελία αὐτοῦ π. στέρνα Pi.P.1.19
, cf. Ar. Pax 1032 :—and in [voice] Pass.,ὁ δ' ὦμος.. πιέζεται Id.Ra.30
, cf. X.Cyr.7.5.11 : metaph., oppress, distress,π. τινὰ ἡ δαπάνη Hdt.5.35
; ; καὶ πρὸς π. χρημάτων ἀχηνία (Abresch for προσπιέζει) ib. 301 ; συμφορὰ δ'ἑτέρους ἑτέρα π. E.Alc. 894 (lyr.);αὐχμὸς π. τὰς ἀμπέλους Ar. Nu. 1120
; π. ἡ ἀνάγκη ib. 437, cf. Th.2.52 :—freq. in [voice] Pass.,ὑπὸ νούσοισι Sol.13.37
;ὑπὸ λιμοῦ Th.1.126
;πολέμῳ Hdt.4.11
, 6.34 ;τῇ νούσῳ Pherecyd.
ap. D.L.1.122, cf. Th.7.47 ;ταῖς εἰσφοραῖς Lys.28.3
;ταῖς συμφοραῖς X.Cyr.7.2.20
;σπάνει σίτου Id.HG5.4.56
, etc.: abs., Hdt.7.121, etc.; of a river, to be exhausted from the heat of the sun, Id.2.25.2 press hard, of a victorious army,τοὺς ἐναντίους Id.9.63
:—[voice] Pass., τὴν πιεζομένην μάλιστα τῶν μοιρέων ib.60;εἴ πῃ πιέζοιντο Th.1.49
, cf. X.HG2.4.34 ; ὑπό τινων ib.7.1.43.3 bear hardly upon, τινα Pl.Cra. 409a;τῷ λόγῳ Plu.Alc.6
;ὑπὸ τῶν ἐλέγχων πιέζεσθαι Phld.D.3.8
; of a point in the argument, hold fast to, Pl.Lg. 965d; press it, Plb.3.21.3, Demetr.Lac. l.c., etc.; lay stress on, Plu.2.31e: c. dat., insist upon,τοῖσι περιπάτοισι Hp.Insomn.88
.b determine precisely,ἀποστήματα Procl.Hyp.5.19
, cf. 49 ([voice] Pass.);π. δεῖ πῶς ἓν ἐκεῖνο καὶ ἕτερον Porph.Sent.36
.III later, lay hold of, ταῦρον.. πιάξας τᾶς ὁπλᾶς by the hoof, Theoc.4.35;αὐτὸν τῆς χειρός Act.Ap.3.7
, cf. Ev.Jo.7.30, etc. -
9 σῦκον
A fruit of the συκῆ, fig, Od.7.121, Hdt.2.40, etc.; βασίλεια ς. were a large kind, Philem. 241; to eat figs in the heat of the day was thought to cause fever, Pherecr. 80, Ar.Fr. 463, Nicopho 12; ξηρὰ ς. Pl.Lg. 845b: prov., ὅσῳ διαφέρει σῦκα καρδάμων 'as different as chalk from cheese', Henioch.4.2; σύκῳ.. σ. οὐδὲ ἓν οὕτως ὅμοιον γέγονεν Poet. ap. Cic.Att.4.8b.2, cf. Herod.6.60;τὰ σῦκα σῦκα.. ὀνομάζων Luc.Hist.Conscr.41
(cf. σκάφη) ; σῦκα αἰτεῖν, prov. for τρυφᾶν, Ar.V. 302(lyr.); σῦκον χειμῶνος ζητεῖν, of a foolish enterprise, M.Ant.11.33.II from its shape, a large wart on the eyelids, Ar.Ra. 1247, cf. Hp.Epid.3.7; of tumours in other places, Poll.4.200, Orib.Syn.7.40. -
10 φλόξ
A flame of fire, Od.24.71, etc.;δεινὴ δὲ φλὸξ ὦρτο θεείου καιομένοιο Il.8.135
;τῆς δὲ [νηὸς] κατ' ἀσβέστη κέχυτο φλόξ 16.123
; ; more fully,φλὸξ Ἡφαίστοιο Il.17.88
, Od. l.c.;πυρός Pi.P.4.225
, E.Ba.8, Heracl. 914 (lyr.), Pl.Ti. 83b, etc. (but alsoφλογὸς αἰθέριον πῦρ Parm.8.56
); φλογὸς σπέρμα, of live charcoal, Pi.O.7.48; ἀναιθύσσειν, θύειν, E.Tr. 344, IT 1331; ἐγείρειν, παρακαλεῖν, X. Smp.2.24, Cyr.7.5.23;ἐμβαλεῖν τινι E.Alc.4
, Rh. 120;σβέσαι Th.2.77
;φ. ἀπέσσυτο Hes.Th. 859
;ἀπορρέουσα Pl.Ti. 67c
; φλογὸς ἀποσβεσθείσης ib. 58c: later in pl., flames, meteors, Arist.Mete. 341b2, Mu. 392b3, 400a30, Orph.L. 178, Nic.Fr.74.48.3 of other kinds of flame, φ. κεραυνία, οὐρανία, of lightning, A.Pr. 1017, E.Med. 144 (anap.); of the heat of the sun, A.Pr.22, Pers. 505, S.Tr. 696; flash of a miraculous cloud, Il.18.206; of precious stones,ψυχρὰ φ. Pi.Fr. 123.5
; the blade of a sword, LXX Jd.3.22, Aq., Thd.1 Ki.17.7.4 in similes and metaphors, φλογὶ εἴκελος, ἶσος, of fiery warriors, Il.13.330, 39; φ. οἴνου the fiery strength of wine, E.Alc. 758;φ. πήματος S.OT 166
(lyr.).II wallflower, Cheiranthus Cheiri, Thphr.HP6.6.2. -
11 κυνοκαύμασιν
κυνοκαύματαthe heat of the dog-days: neut dat pl -
12 κυνοκαύματα
κυνοκαύματαthe heat of the dog-days: neut nom /voc /acc pl -
13 διαθερμαίνω
V 1-3-0-0-0=4 Ex 16,21; 1 Sm 11,9.11; 2 Kgs 4,34A: to warm up Ex 16,21P: to be heated, to be hot 2 Kgs 4,34ἕως ἡ ἡμέρα διεθερμάνθη until the heat of the day 1 Sm 11,11 -
14 κυνοκαύματα
κῠνο-καύματα, τά,A the heat of the dog-days, Aët.6.83, Alex.Trall.9.3:—hence [suff] κῠνο-καυματικαί (sc. ἡμέραι), dog-days, Gloss.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κυνοκαύματα
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15 σκαφεύω
A lay a person in a trough with head, arms, and legs hanging out, and expose him in the heat of the sun, until he dies eaten by insects, a Persian mode of torture, Ctes.Fr.29.30, Plu.Art.16.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σκαφεύω
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16 ἐαρινός
ἐᾰρῐνός, ή, όν, [dialect] Ep. [full] εἰαρινός (also [full] ἠαρινός h.Cer. 401, PPetr.3p.152 (iii B. C.)); in other Poets, [full] ἠρινός:—A of spring, εἰαρινὴ ὥρη springtime, Il.16.643, cf. Plb.3.34.6;εἰαρινὰ ἄνθεα Il.2.89
;πλόος εἰαρινός Hes.Op. 678
; θάλπος ἐαρινόν the heat of spring, X.Cyr.8.6.22;ἄνεμος ἠρινός Sol.13.19
;ἠρινὰ φύλλα Pi.P.9.46
;λειμῶνος ἠρινοῦ στάχυν E. Supp. 448
;ἐ. πυλαία IG9(1).111
([place name] Elatea);τροπαί Ph.2.163
;μῆλα ἐ.
apricots,PCair.Zen.
33.13 (iii B.C.):—neut. as Adv., in spring-time,μέλισσα λειμῶν' ἠρινὸν διέρχεται E.Hipp.77
(s.v.l., ἐαρινή Sch.);γῆ ἠρινὸν θάλλουσα Id.Fr.316.3
: ἠρινὰ κελαδεῖν, of the swallow, Ar. Pax 800 (lyr.). Adv.ἐαρινῶς Hsch.
s.v. ἦρις ὡς.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐαρινός
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17 καυματίζω
καυματίζω (s. prec. and next entry) 1 aor. ἐκαυμάτισα, pass. ἐκαυματίσθην (Epict. 1, 6, 26; 3, 22, 52; M. Ant. 7, 64, 3; of fever Plut., Mor. 100d; 691e) burn up someone τινὰ ἐν πυρί Rv 16:8. Pass. be burned, be scorched of plants withering in the heat Mt 13:6; Mk 4:6. κ. καῦμα μέγα Rv 16:9 (s. καῦμα).—DELG s.v. καίω 1. TW. -
18 καυματόω
καυματόω (s. καῦμα; only in Eustathius Macrembolita 8, 4 p. 18 ἀνδρὶ διψῶντι καὶ καυματουμένῳ) pass. be scorched by the heat Mt 13:6 v.l. -
19 θερμός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `warm' (Il.).Compounds: Often as 1, member, e. g. Θερμο-πύλαι (Hdt.; s. Risch IF 59, 267). On ἄ-, ἔκ-, ἔν-θερμος etc. s. below on θέρμη and θερμαίνω.Derivatives: A. Substantives. 1. θέρμη, also - μᾰ (s, Schwyzer 476 n. 2, Chantraine Formation 102 and 148) f. `warmth, heat, heat of fever' (IA) with ἄ-θερμος `without warmth' (Frisk Adj. priv. 11), ἔν-θερμος `with warmth inside, warm' (Strömberg Greek Prefix Studies 95); θερμίζω `be feverish' (Euboea). 2. θερμότης `warmth, heat' (IA). 3. θερμωλή `id.' (Hp.; Frisk Eranos 41, 52). 4. θερμέλη ἡ θέρμη Suid. (Strömberg Wortstudien 79). 5. θέρμασσα = κάμινος (Hdn. Gr. 1, 267; formation unclear, cf. Schwyzer 525f., Müller-Graupa Glotta 31, 129). - B. Adjectives: 1. θερμώδης `lukewarm' (Aret.); here Θερμώδων, - οντος river name (Boeotia, Pontos; s. Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforschung 2, 236; 3, 162). 2. θερμηρός adjunct of ποτήριον (H. s. κελέβη; to θέρμη?). - C. Verbs: 1. θέρμετο ipf. `became warm' (Il.), θέρμετε ipv. `warmeth!' (θ 426; after it Ar. Ra. 1339); on the formation cf. Schwyzer 722f. 2. θερμαίνω, aor. θερμῆναι `warm' (Il.), often with prefix, e. g. ἐκ-θερμαίνω `warm completely' (Hp., Arist.) with postverbal ἔκθερμος `very hot' (Vett. Val.); from there θέρμανσις `heating' (Arist.) with θερμαντικός `fit to make warm' (Pl., Arist.), θερμασία `heating, warmth' (Hp., Arist.; cf. Schwyzer 469), θέρμασμα `warming cuff' (medic.; s. Chantraine Formation 176), θερμάστρᾱ s. θερμάζω; θερμαντήρ "warmer", `kettle to cook water' (Poll.) with θερμαντήριος `warming' (Hp., inscr.). 3. θερμάζω `id.' only aor. opt. med. θερμάσσαιο (Nic. Al. 587) with θερμάστρα f. `furnace' (Call.; also to θερμαίνω); also θερμαύστρα written through confusion with θερμαυστρίς ( θέρμ-) `fire-tongs' (Arist., H.), cf. πυρ-αύστρα `id.' ( αὔειν `bring fire'); also metaph. as name of a dance (Poll., Ath.) with θερμαυστρίζω (Critias, Luc.); from θερμάστρα: θερμαστρίς ( θέρμ-) = θερμαντήρ (Eup., LXX); the forms in - αστρ-, - αυστρ- are not regularly distinguished, cf. Schulze Kl. Schr. 189 w. n. 6; through dissimilation θέρμαστις meaning unclear (Attica IVa) with θερμάστιον (Aen. Tact.).Etymology: Inherited adjective, identical with Arm. ǰerm `warm', Thrak.-Phryg. germo- (in GN, e.g. Γέρμη), IE * gʷʰermo-; also in substantivized funktion Alb. zjarm, zjarr `heat'. With o-vocalism, originally substantiv., IE * gʷʰormo- in Skt. gharmá- m. `heat', OPr. gorme `id.'; sec. also adjectival in Av. garǝma-, Lat. formus, Germ., e. g. NHG warm. Uncertain Toch. A śārme `heat (?)'. More forms in W.-Hofmann s. formus, Mayrhofer Wb. s. gharmáḥ; s. on θέρομαι, θέρος.Page in Frisk: 1,664-665Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θερμός
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20 θέρομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `become warm, warm onself' (Il.),Other forms: rarely act. θέρω `warm' (A. R., Nic.), only present stem except aor. 2 pass. subj. θερέω (ρ 23; for *θερή-ω), fut. ptc. θερσόμενος (τ 507).Compounds: As 2. member e. g. in εἱλη-θερής, but s. on εἵλη.Derivatives: θέρος n. `summer' (Il.), `harvest' (IA.). - θέρειος `belonging to the summer', f. θερεία, -η (sc. ὥρα) `summer' (Pi., Hdt.), θερινός `id.' (IA; after χειμερινός a. o., Chantraine Formation 201), θερόεις `id.' (Nic. Al. 570; poetic formation, Schwyzer 528), θεριακός `fitting for the summer' ( ἱμάτια θ. pap. VIp; after ἡλιακός a. o.); θερίδιον `summer residence' (Jul.), θέρετρον `id.' (Hp.; cf. Chantraine 332). Denominative verb θερίζω, aor. θερίσαι `harvest, mow down' (IA), also intr. `pass the summer' (X., Arist.), with θερισμός `harvest' (Eup., X.), θεριστής `harvester' (Att.) with - ιστικός (pap.), also - ιστήρ `id.' (Lyc. 840; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 135f.), - ιστήριον `sickle' (LXX); θέριστρον `summer tunique' (LXX, pap.), - ίστριον `id.' (Theoc.; Wackernagel KZ 33, 50 = Kl. Schr. 1, 729); θέριστρα pl. `harvest-reward' (Pap.).Etymology: With θέρος agrees in form exactly Skt. háras- n. `heat', IE *gʷʰéros-, like Arm. ǰer `id.' (sec. o-stem). The meaning `summer' is a Greek innovation (`heat' = θέρμη, θάλπος). In the sense of `harvest' θέρος may be from θερίζω *`do summerwork'. With the thematic root present θέρομαι agrees OIr. fo-geir `warms, heats'. The other languages have diff. formations: Arm. ǰer-nu-m, aor. ǰer-ay `warm oneself' (: Skt. ghr̥-ṇo-ti `lights, burns' [gramm.], cf. ghr̥-ṇá- m. `glow, heat'), OCS grě-jǫ grě-ti sę `warm oneself' (gorjǫ, gorěti `burn') etc. - More forms in Bq, Pok. 493ff., W.-Hofmann s. formus and fornāx, Ernout-Meillet s. formus, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. gorétь, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. gãras.Page in Frisk: 1,665-666Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θέρομαι
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