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121 ἐπιδείκνυμι
ἐπιδείκνυμι fut. ἐπιδείξω; 1 aor. ἐπέδειξα; pf. ptc. ἐπιδεδειχώς (Ath. 20, 1); pass. ptc. ἐπιδεδειγμένους 3 Macc 6:26 v.l. (Pind., Hdt.+)① to cause to be seen, show, point out τινί τι someth. to someone (IAndrosIsis, Kyme 22 Ἐγὼ μυήσεις ἀνθρώποις ἐπέδειξα I [Isis] made humans acquainted w. initiations [into mystery rites]; Jos., Ant. 10, 31) Mt 22:19; 24:1. τὰς χεῖρας καὶ τοὺς πόδας Lk 24:40 v.l.; μαρτύριον MPol 1:1. ἐ. ἑαυτόν τινι show oneself to someone Lk 17:14 (Appian, Mithrid. 89 §407 Ἀλέξανδρος αὑτὸν ἐπέδειξεν). ἐ. τινὶ σημεῖον ἐκ. τ. οὐρανοῦ show someone (=do in someone’s presence) a sign from heaven Mt 16:1; cp. GJs 8:3. ἵνα μοι ἐπιδείξῃ ὸ̔ ἐπηγγείλατο ὅραμα so that you may grant me sight of the promised vision Hv 3, 2, 3. Without dat. ὅλον ἑαυτὸν ἐπιδίξας revealing himself completely (a lion) AcPl Ha 4, 29. Also the mid. in the same mng. show τ. φυλάρχοις τὰς σφραγῖδας (cp. SIG 1157, 46f) 1 Cl 43:5. The mid. is found in a special sense Ac 9:39 ἐπιδεικνύμεναι χιτῶνας, where the women show the garments on themselves, i.e. as they are wearing them (Socrat., Ep. 23, 3 τοιαῦτα ἐπιδεικνύμενοι=show such things on oneself).② to claim a characteristic or quality for someth., represent, fig. extension of mng. 1 (Pla.; X., Symp. 3, 3 al.) τὸ ψεῦδός μου ἀληθὲς ἐπέδειξα my lies I represented as truth Hm 3:3.③ to demonstrate that someth. is true, demonstrate, show (Aristoph., Pla. et al.; Herm. Wr. 4, 7; PEleph 1, 7; PGiss 2 I, 24; LXX, esp. 4 Macc; Just., D. 24, 1) τὶ someth., give proof Hb 6:17. ἐ. ἑαυτόν reveal oneself Dg 8:5; cp. vs. 6. τινί w. indir. quest. foll. B 6:13. W. ὅτι foll. (Philo, Agr. 22) 5:7. W. διά τινος (Jos., C. Ap. 2, 1 διὰ τοῦ βιβλίου) θεὸς … διὰ γνώσεως ζωὴν ἐπιδεικνύς showing that life depends on knowledge Dg 12:3 and acc. foll. Ac 18:28. Likew. the mid. (oft. Philo) 1 Cl 24:1. W. ὅτι foll. MPol 2:2.—M-M. TW. -
122 ἐσθίω
ἐσθίω (Hom.+) and, mainly in the ptc., ἔσθω (Hom., also in other poets, rare in prose [Plut., Mor. p. 101d]; Coan ins, III B.C.: RHerzog, ARW 10, 1907, 400ff; 23; 27; 42; POslo 153, 15 [beg. II A.D.]; PGiss 80, 5; ostraca [BGU 1507, 14; 1508, 3; 4: III B.C.]; LXX; En 98:11 [?]. ἔσθων Lev 17:14; 1 Km 14:30; Sir 20:17; Mk 1:6; Lk 7:33f, 10:7 [the three last v.l.]; μὴ ἔσθετε Lev 19:26. ὅταν ἔσθητε Num 15:19. ἵνα ἔσθητε Lk 22:30. B-D-F §101; W-S. §15; Mlt-H. 238; Schwyzer, I 704 n. 1). Impf. ἤσθιον; fut. ἔδομαι LXX (Mel, P. 12, 80; 13, 83; 93, 697; 1 Cl 39:9; 57:6); 2 aor. ἔφαγον, w. extension of 1 aor. endings (B-D-F §84, 2; Rob. 333; cp. Schwyzer I 753f): 3 pl. ἐφάγοσαν Ps 77:29, 1 pl. ἐφάγαμεν 2 Km 19:43; fut. φάγομαι (B-D-F §74, 2; Mlt-H. 238), 2 sing. φάγεσαι Lk 17:8; Ruth 2:14 (W-S. §13, 6 and 17; B-D-F §87; Mlt-H. 198); pf. pass. ptc. acc. ἐδηδεμένους (Ath., R. 52, 20); pres. 3 sg. ἔσθεται Lev 11:34; Dt 12:22.① to take someth. in through the mouth, usually solids, but also liquids, eat.ⓐ w. acc. of thing (Hom. et al.) τί φάγωσιν (after neg.) anything to eat Mt 15:32; Mk 6:36; 8:1f; cp. Mt 6:25, 31; Lk 12:22 (s. Epict. 1, 9, 8; 19). τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως the consecrated bread Mt 12:4; Mk 2:26; Lk 6:4. Locusts and wild honey Mk 1:6. Manna (Ps 77:24) J 6:31, 49 (Just., D. 20, 4). Vegetables Ro 14:2b. Meat 14:21; 1 Cor 8:13; GEb 308, 31f; 34f (τὰς σάρκας αὐτῶν ‘one’s own flesh’ 4 [6] Esdr; POxy 1010). τὰ εἰδωλόθυτα 1 Cor 8:10; cp. vs. 7; Rv 2:14, 20 (Just., D. 34, 8; 35, 1). τὰς θυσίας (Sir 45:21; Ps 105:28) 1 Cor 10:18. τὰ ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ food from the temple 9:13. τὴν σάρκα τ. υἱοῦ τ. ἀνθρώπου J 6:53 (which passage many interpret as referring to the Eucharist while others explain it as speaking of receiving Christ spiritually through faith). πάντα all kinds of food Ro 14:2a (μὴ πάντα ἐσθίοντες Just., 20, 3). τὰ παρατιθέμενα the food that is set before (one) Lk 10:8; 1 Cor 10:27. τὸ ἐν μακέλλῳ πωλούμενον 10:25. τὸ βιβλαρίδιον Rv 10:10 (cp. Ezk 2:8; 3:3). τὸ πάσχα the Passover meal, esp. the Passover lamb (2 Esdr 6:21; 2 Ch 30:18; ESchürer, Über φαγεῖν τὸ πάσχα 1883; Dalman, Jesus 81f) Mt 26:17; Mk 14:12, 14; Lk 22:8, 11, 15; J 18:28. κυριακὸν δεῖπνον φαγεῖν 1 Cor 11:20. ἄρτον ἐσθίειν eat a meal, w. bread as its main part (Ex 2:20; 1 Km 20:34; 2 Km 9:7; 3 Km 13:15 al.) Mt 15:2; Mk 3:20; 7:2, 5; Lk 14:1 (s. Billerb. IV 611–39: E. altjüd. Gastmahl); of the end-time banquet Lk 14:15 (cp. ἄρτον ζωῆς JosAs 15:4). τὸν ἑαυτοῦ ἄρτον ἐ. eat one’s own bread 2 Th 3:12. ἄρτον φαγεῖν παρά τινος eat someone’s bread vs. 8. τὰ παρά τινος what someone provides Lk 10:7. Neg. οὐκ ἔφαγεν οὐδέν he ate nothing at all Lk 4:2 (cp. Job 21:25 οὐ φαγὼν οὐδὲν ἀγαθόν; En 15:11 πνεύματα … μηδὲν ἐσθίοντα). Of complete abstinence μὴ ἐσθίων ἄρτον μήτε πίνων οἶνον 7:33. οὔτε ἐπὶ τὸ φαγεῖν οὔτε ἐπὶ τὸ πεῖν AcPl Ox 6, 7=Aa 241, 12f. οὐδέποτε ἔφαγον πᾶν κοινόν I have never eaten anything common at all Ac 10:14 (cp. 1 Macc 1:62; Just., D. 20, 3). Allegorical interpretation of Mosaic laws against eating forbidden foods B 10 (cp. Hierocles 26 p. 480 reinterpretation of the Pythagorean laws against forbidden foods as moral laws).—Of animals (Hom. et al.; Aelian, VH 1, 1; 2, 40; 3 Km 13:28; Is 65:25; Da 4:33 Theod.; GrBar 4:5 [δράκων]; 6:11 [Φοῖνιξ): birds τὰς σάρκας τινός eat someone’s flesh (Gen 40:19) Rv 17:16; 19:18. Swine Lk 15:16 (ὧν here is for ἅ by attraction, not a gen. dependent on ἐ., as it prob. is in X., Hell. 3, 3, 6; Ps.-Lucian, Asin. 21; such a constr. would be unique in our lit.).ⓑ w. prepositions, to denote the thing of which one partakes:α. w. ἀπό τινος (Lev 22:6; Num 15:19; Dt 14:12, 19; Pr 13:2; Da 4:33a; ApcSed 4:5; ApcMos 17 al.) dogs: ἐ. ἀπὸ τῶν ψιχίων eat the crumbs Mt 15:27; Mk 7:28 (on the pl. ἐσθίουσιν after the neut. κυνάρια cp. Lk 11:7; 1 Cl 42:2; B-D-F §133; s. Rob. 403f). ἀπὸ τραπέζης partake of a meal D 11:9. ἀπὸ τῆς εὐχαριστίας 9:5.β. w. ἔκ τινος of/from someth. (Jdth 12:2; Sir 11:19; JosAs 16:7f; ApcMos 16f) ἐκ τοῦ ἄρτου eat (some of) the bread (2 Km 12:3; Tob 1:10; TestJob 7:10 ἐκ τῶν ἄρτων μου) 1 Cor 11:28; cp. J 6:26, 50f. ἐκ τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῶν Hs 9, 1, 10. ἐκ τοῦ γάλακτος τῆ ποίμνη get sustenance fr. the milk of the flock 1 Cor 9:7. ἐκ τ. θυσιαστηρίου Hb 13:10. ἐκ τ. ξύλου τ. ζωῆς from the tree of life Rv 2:7 (s. En 32:6); cp. μηκέτι ἐκ σοῦ μηδεὶς καρπὸν φάγοι (v.l. φάγῃ) Mk 11:14.ⓒ used with other prep. expressions ἐ. μετά τινος eat w. someone (1 Km 9:19; Jdth 12:11; Job 1:4; Ezk 47:22; TestAbr B 4 p. 109, 10 [Stone p. 66]) Mt 9:11; 24:49; Mk 2:16; 14:18 (cp. Ps 40:10); Lk 5:30; 7:36. ἐνώπιόν τινος in someone’s presence (cp. ἐναντίον τ. θεοῦ Ex 18:12; Ezk 44:3) 13:26; 24:43. ἐπὶ τ. τραπέζης τινός at someone’s table (2 Km 9:11; cp. vs. 13; Da 11:27) Lk 22:30. διὰ προσκόμματος ἐ. eat with offense (i.e. so that one takes offense in doing so; perh. also so that one gives offense) Ro 14:20.ⓓ abs. Mt 12:1; 14:20; 26:21, 26; Mk 7:3f; 14:18a, 22; Ac 27:35; D 12:3; B 7:5 al. Used w. λαμβάνειν (Gen 3:22) λάβετε φάγετε Mt 26:26b; οἱ ἐσθίοντες 14:21; 15:38. φάγωμεν κ. πίωμεν let us eat and drink 1 Cor 15:32 (Is 22:13; Ath., R. 72, 11). φάγε, πίε, εὐφραίνου Lk 12:19 (Aristobulus of Cass. [III B.C.]: 139 Fgm. 9 Jac. [cited in Strabo 14, 5, 9], statue of Sardanapalus w. the ins ἔσθιε, πῖνε, παῖζε• ὡς τἆλλα τούτου οὐκ ἄξια=‘Eat, drink, have fun. There’s nothing like it.’ This saying of Sardanapalus is also found in Arrian, Anab. 2, 5, 4. A similar thought in the Phrygian grave-ins: IGal 78, 11ff). τὸ φαγεῖν eating Mt 15:20; 1 Cor 11:21. διδόναι τινὶ φαγεῖν give someone someth. to eat (Ex 16:8, 15; Num 11:18, 21) Mt 14:16; 25:35, 42; Mk 5:43; 6:37; Lk 8:55; 9:13; J 6:52; Rv 2:7. φέρειν τινὶ φαγεῖν (cp. 2 Km 17:29) J 4:33. εὐκαιρέω φαγεῖν I find time to eat Mk 6:31. ἔχω βρῶσιν φαγεῖν I have food to eat J 4:32.—With the principle stated in 2 Th 3:10 cp. Lucian, Par. 13: when a pupil progresses well δότε αὐτῷ φαγεῖν; when he does not, μὴ δῶτε.ⓔ ἐ. and πίνω are freq. found together, as in some pass. already quoted (Hom. et al.; very oft. LXX; En 102:9; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010]; TestAbr A 4 p. 81, 16 [Stone p. 10]; B 5 p. 109, 16 [Stone p. 66]; JosAs 9:3 al.; Philo, Det. Pot. ins 113; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 234).α. = receive support 1 Cor 9:4.β. = eat a meal Lk 5:30; 17:8; 1 Cor 11:22; AcPl Ox 6, 7. Of a festive sacrificial meal 1 Cor 10:7 (Ex 32:6).γ. in contrast to fasting—the latter expressed by ἐ. and πίνω w. a neg. (Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 28, 141 οὔτε πίνων οὔτε ἐσθίων) Mt 11:18; Lk 4:2 v.l.; 7:33; Ac 9:9; 23:12, 21—Mt 11:19; Lk 5:33; 7:34; B 7:5.δ. of ordinary daily activities Lk 17:27f.ε. of carefree, even luxurious or dissipated living Mt 24:49; Lk 12:19, 45; 1 Cor 15:32 (cp. Is 22:13).—HRiesenfeld, ConNeot 9, ’44, 10f.② to do away with completely, fig. extension of mng. 1 (Hom. et al.; LXX) consume, devour (of fire Il. 23, 182; Is 10:17; 26:11) πυρὸς ἐσθίειν μέλλοντος τ. ὑπεναντίους fire, which is about to consume the adversaries Hb 10:27 (Is 26:11). ὁ ἰὸς … φάγεται τ. σάρκας ὑμῶν ὡς πῦρ the rust will eat your flesh like fire Js 5:3 (cp. Aeschyl., Fgm. 253 φαγέδαινα [an ulcer] σάρκας ἐσθίει ποδός; Is 30:27 ἡ ὀργὴ τοῦ θυμοῦ ὡς πῦρ ἔδεται). B. 327.—DELG s.v. ἔδω. M-M. EDNT. TW. -
123 ὅραμα
ὅραμα, ατος, τό (ὁράω; X. et al.) in our lit. of extraordinary visions, whether the pers. who has the vision be asleep or awake.① someth. that is viewed with one’s eye, someth. seen, sight, vision (acc. to Artem. 1, 2 p. 5, 19 ὅραμα is someth. that can actually be seen, in contrast to 5, 17 φάντασμα=a figment of the imagination; PCairGoodsp 3, 5 [III B.C.]; PParis 51, 38 [160 B.C.]=UPZ 78 τὸ ὅραμα τοῦτο ὸ̔ τεθέαμαι; Ex 3:3; Dt 4:34; Da 7:1; En 99:8; TestAbr A 4 p. 81, 13 [Stone p. 10] ἀναγγελεῖ τὸ ὅραμα; TestLevi 8:1 εἶδον ὅραμα; 9:2) of the Transfiguration Mt 17:9. Of God’s appearance in the burning bush Ac 7:31. Cp. Ac 10:17, 19; 11:5; 12:9; 16:9f (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 134 §565 Brutus, when he is about to cross over ἐκ τῆς Ἀσίας ἐς τὴν Εὐρώπην … νυκτός sees someth. that appeared to him [ὄψιν ἰδεῖν]: a φάσμα—not a human being, not a god, but a δαίμων κακός—stands at his side and speaks to him; cp. Philostrat., Life of Apollonius 4, 34 on a change of plan prompted by a dream [ὄναρ]); Hv 4, 2, 2. ἐπιδεικνύναι τινὶ ὅραμα show someone a vision 3, 2, 3. δεικνύναι τινὶ ὁράματα (w. ἀποκαλύψεις) 4, 1, 3. ἀποκαλύπτειν τὰ ὁράματα reveal the visions (double sense, as in the original, which can be understood of the visions themselves or of the interpretation of their mng.) 3, 4, 3.② the act by which the recipient of a vision is granted a vision, or the state of being in which the pers. receives a vision, vision (SIG 1128 καθʼ ὅραμα; LXX) of the Lord: εἰπεῖν ἐν νυκτὶ διʼ ὁράματος say at night in a vision Ac 18:9. ἐν ὁράματι (Gen 15:1; 46:2 εἶπεν ὁ θεὸς ἐν ὁρ. τῆς νυκτός; Da 7:13) εἶδεν ἐν ὁρ. ἄγγελον (cp. TestJud 3:10) Ac 10:3. Cp. 9:10, 12. βλέπειν ἐν ὁρ. τῆς νυκτός Hv 3, 10, 6. [τοῦ παιδὸ] τ̣ο̣υ̣ [διελ]θόντο ἐν ὁρό(=ά)ματι διὰ [τοῦ κεκλεισμένου] κοιτῶ̣[νο] [the youth] who, in (Paul’s) vision, had entered through [the closed] bedroom AcPl Ha 5, 31f. ἐν ὁράματι ἰδ[ούση] τὸν κύριον having seen the Lord in a vision Ox 3525, 19. Ox 1224 Fgm. 2 recto, II, 3 (=Kl. T. 83, p. 26, 10) Ἰῆ [ἐ]ν ὁράμα[τι λέγει]. S. ὅρασις 3, ὄναρ, and πνεῦμα 6f.—DELG s.v. ὁράω. M-M. TW. EDNT. -
124 κατά
κατά [(A)][ κᾰτᾰ], poet. καταί acc. to A.D.Synt.309.28, found in Compds., as καταιβάτης: Prep. with gen. or acc.:—A downwards.A WITH GEN.,I denoting motion from above, down from, βῆ δὲ κατ' Οὐλύμποιο καρήνων, κατ' Ἰδαίων ὀρέων, βαλέειν κ. πέτρης, Il. 22.187, 16.677, Od.14.399;κατ' οὐρανοῦ εἰλήλουθας Il.6.128
; καθ' ἵππων ἀΐξαντε ib. 232;δάκρυα.. κ. βλεφάρων Χαμάδις ῥέε 17.438
;ἵεις σαυτὸν κ. τοῦ τείχους Ar.V. 355
;ἁλόμενοι κ. τῆς πέτρας X.An.4.2.17
;κ. τῶν πετρῶν ὦσαι Pl.Phdr. 229c
;κ. κρημνῶν ῥιφέντες Id.Lg. 944a
:— for κατ' ἄκρης v. ἄκρα:Μοῖσα κ. στόματος Χέε νέκταρ Theoc.7.82
(but perh. in sense 11.1).1 down upon or over,κ. Χθονὸς ὄμματα πήξας Il.3.217
; of the dying, κατὰ.. ὀφθαλμῶν κέχυτ' ἀχλύς a cloud settled upon the eyes, 5.696, cf. 20.321;τὸν δὲ κατ' ὀφθαλμῶν.. νὺξ ἐκάλυψεν 13.580
; φᾶρος κὰκ κεφαλῆς εἴρυσσε down over.., Od.8.85; [ κόπρος]κ. σπείους κέχυτο.. πολλή 9.330
; ὕδωρ κ. Χειρός, v. Χείρ; μύρον κ. τῆς κεφαλῆς καταχέαντες Pl.R. 398a;νάρκη μου κ. τῆς Χειρὸς καταχεῖται Ar.V. 713
;κ. τῆς τραπέζης καταπάσας τέφραν Id.Nu. 177
; ξαίνειν κ. τοῦ νώτου πολλὰς [ πληγάς] D.19.197;ἐσκεδασμένοι κ. τῆς Χώρας Plb.1.17.10
;οἱ κ. νώτου πονοῦντες Id.3.19.7
;ῥόπαλον ἤλασα κὰκ κεφαλῆς Theoc.25.256
; κ. κόρρης παίειν, = ἐπὶ κόρρης, Luc.Cat.12, al.b Geom., along, upon, πίπτειν κατ' [ εὐθείας] Archim.Sph.Cyl.1 Def.2; αἱ γωνίαι κ. κύκλων περιφερειῶν ἐνεχθήσονται will move on.., ib.1.23, al., cf. Aristarch.Sam.1.2 down into,νέκταρ στάξε κ. ῥινῶν Il.19.39
; of a dart,κ. γαίης ᾤχετο 13.504
, etc.; ;ψυχὴ κ. Χθονὸς ᾤχετο 23.100
; κ. γᾶς underground, Pi.O.2.59; κατ' ὕδατος under water, Hdt.2.149; [ ποταμὸς]δὺς κ. τῆς γῆς Pl.Phd.
113c, cf. Ti. 25d;κ. γῆς σύμεναι A.Eu. 1007
(anap.); κ. Χθονὸς κρύψαι to bury. S.Ant.24; ὁ κ. γῆς one dead and buried, X.Cyr.4.6.5;οἱ κ. Χθονὸς θεοί A.Pers. 689
, etc.;θεοὶ<οἱ> κ. γᾶς Id.Ch. 475
(lyr.), etc.; so κ. θαλάσσης ἀφανίζεσθαι, καταδεδυκέναι, Hdt.7.6, 235; also βᾶτε κατ' ἀντιθύρων go down by or through.., S.El. 1433.3 later, towards a point, τοξεύειν κ. σκοποῦ to shoot at, Hdn.6.7.8;κατ' ἰχνῶν τινος ὁδεύειν Luc.Rh.Pr.9
.4 of vows or oaths, by,καθ' ἡμῶν ὀμνύναι D.29.26
, cf. 54.38;ἐπιορκήσασα κ. τῶν παίδων Lys.32.13
; esp. of the victims, etc., over which the oath is taken, ὀμνυόντων τὸν ἐπιχώριον ὅρκον καθ' ἱερῶν τελείων Foed. ap. Th.5.47, cf. Arist.Ath.29.5, Foed.Delph.Pell.1A9, etc.;κ. τῶν νικητηρίων εὐξάμενοι D.Ep.1.16
; also κατ' ἐξωλείας ὀμνύναι to imprecate destruction on oneself, Id.21.119;κατ' ἐξ. ἐπιορκεῖν Id.57.22
.b to make a vow towards, i.e. make a vow of offering..,κ. Χιλίων εὐχὴν ποιήσασθαι Χιμάρων Ar. Eq. 660
.5 in hostile sense, against, A.Ch. 221, S.Aj. 304, etc.;κ. πάντων φύεσθαι D.18.19
; esp. of judges giving sentence against a person, A.Th. 198, S.Aj. 449, etc.;ψεύδεσθαι κατά τινος Lys.22.7
;λέγειν κατά τινος κακά S.Ph.65
, cf. X.HG1.5.2, etc.; of speeches, [ λόγος] κ. Μειδίου, etc. (opp. πρὸς Λεπτίνην, in reply to L.);δῶρα εἰληφέναι κατά τινος Din.3.6
, cf. 18.6 of Time, for,μισθοῦν κ. εἴκοσι ἐτῶν IG12.94.37
; κ. βίου for life, Tab.Heracl.1.50;κὰπ παντὸς Χρόνοι IG9(2).517.20
([place name] Larissa ) (butκ. παντὸς τοῦ Χρόνου σκέψασθε D. 22.72
falls under 7);κ. παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος ἀείμνηστον Lycurg.7
.7 in respect of, concerning,μὴ κατ' ἀνθρώπων σκόπει μόνον τοῦτο Pl. Phd. 70d
;κ. τῶν ἄλλων τεχνῶν τοιαῦτα εὑρήσομεν Id.Sph. 253b
; οἱ κ. Δημοσθένους ἔπαινοι praises bestowed on D., Aeschin.3.50; ἐρεῖν or λέγειν κατά τινος to say of one, Pl.Ap. 37b, Prt. 323b, etc.;εἰ κ. θηλείας φαίης A.D.Synt.198.10
;εἴπερ ἕν γέ τι ζητεῖς κ. πάντων Pl.Men. 73d
, cf. 74b;ὅπερ εἴρηται καθόλου κ. πασῶν τῶν πολιτειῶν Arist.Pol. 1307b2
; freq. in the Logic of Arist., κατά τινος λέγεσθαι or κατηγορεῖσθαι to be predicated of.., Int.16b10, Cat. 1b10, etc.; καταφῆσαί (or ἀποφῆσαί) τι κατά τινος to affirm (or deny) of.., Metaph. 1007b21; soκ. τινὸς ὑπάρχειν Int. 16b13
: and in Adv. καθόλου (q.v.).B WITH Acc.,I of motion downwards, κ. ῥόον down stream, Od.14.254, Il.12.33; opp. ἀνὰ τὸν ποταμόν, Hdt.2.96; κ. τὸν ποταμόν, κ. τὸ ὑδάτιον, Id.1.194, Pl.Phdr. 229a; κατ' οὖρον ἰέναι, ῥεῖν, down (i.e. with) the wind, A.Th. 690, S.Tr. 468; κ. πνεῦμα, κατ' ἄνεμον ἵστασθαι to leeward, Arist.HA 535a19, 560b13, Dsc.4.153.2 with or without signf. of motion, on, over, throughout a space, freq. in Hom.,καθ' Ἑλλάδα καὶ μέσον Ἄργος Od.1.344
; κατ' Ἀχαΐδα, κ. Τροίην, Il.11.770, 9.329;κατ' ἠερόεντα κέλευθα Od.20.64
; κ. πόντον, κῦμα, ὕλην, Il.4.276, 6.136, 3.151;κ. πτόλιν Od.2.383
; κ. ἄστυ, οἶκον, Il.18.286, 6.56; κ. ὅμιλον, στρατόν, 3.36, 1.229; κ. κλισίας τε νέας τε ib. 487;πόλεμον κάτα δακρυόεντα 17.512
; κ. ὑσμίνην, μόθον, κλόνον, 5.84, 18.159, 16.331;τὸ ὕδωρ κ. τοὺς ταφροὺς ἐχώρει X.Cyr.7.5.16
, etc. (in later Gr.of motion to a place,κ. τὴν Ἰταλίαν Zos.3.1
);καθ' Ἑλλάδα A.Ag. 578
;κ. πτόλιν Id.Th.6
;αἱ σκηναὶ αἱ κ. τὴν ἀγοράν D.18.169
;τὰ κατ' ἀγροὺς Διονύσια Aeschin.1.157
, etc.;κ. τὸ προάστιον Hdt.3.54
;τύμβον κατ' αὐτόν A. Th. 528
, cf. Supp. 869 (lyr.): Geom., at a point, Euc.1.1,al.; τέμνειν [ σφαῖραν] κ. κύκλον in a circle, Archim.Aren.1.17; also, in the region of,οἱ κ. τὸν ἥλιον γινόμενοι ἀστέρες Gem.12.7
: freq. in Hom. in describing the place of a wound, βαλεῖν κ. στῆθος, γαστέρα, etc., Il.11.108, 16.465, al.;νύξε κ. δεξιὸν ὦμον 5.46
;οὔτασε κατ' ἰσχίον 11.339
; so βαλεῖν κατ' ἀσπίδα, κ. ζωστῆρα, 5.537, 615; βέλος κ. καίριον ἦλθεν struck upon a vital part, v.l. in 11.439: metaph.,ἄχος κ. φρένα τύψε 19.125
: generally, κ. φρένα καὶ κατὰ θυμόν in heart and soul, 4.163, al.3 opposite, over against,κ. Σινώπην πόλιν Hdt.1.76
, cf. 2.148, Th.2.30, etc.;ἀνὴρ κατ' ἄνδρα A.Th. 505
;μολὼν.. μοι κ. στόμα Id.Ch. 573
;κατ' ὀφθαλμούς τινος LXX 2 Ki.12.11
;οἱ μὲν Ἀθηναῖοι κ. Λακεδαιμονίους ἐγένοντο X.HG4.2.18
; κατ' Ἀχαιοὺς ἀντετάχθησαν ibid.;ἐν συμποσίῳ.., περίμενε, μέχρις ἂν γένηται κατὰ σέ Epict.Ench. 15
, cf. D.L.7.108.II distributively, of a whole divided into parts, κρῖν' ἄνδρας κ. φῦλα, κ. φρήτρας by tribes, by clans, Il.2.362; κ. σφέας μαχέονται by themselves, separately, ib. 366, cf. Th.4.64;ἐσκήνουν κ. τάξεις X.Cyr.2.1.25
;αὐτὴ καθ' αὑτήν A.Pr. 1013
; κ. κώμας κατοικημένοι in separate villages, Hdt.1.96; κατ' ἑωυτοὺς ἕκαστοι ἐτράποντο each to his own home, Id.5.15; κ. πόλεις ἀποπλεῦσαι, διαλυθῆναι, Th.1.89, 3.1:στρατιὰ κ. ἕνδεκα μέρη κεκοσμημένη Pl.Phdr. 247a
; laterοἱ κατ' ἄνδρα λόγοι PLond.2.259.72
(i A. D.), cf. D.Chr.32.6, etc.;ἡ κατ' οἰκίαν ἀπογραφή PLond.3.904.20
(ii A.D.), etc.; κατ' ἔπος word by word, Ar.Ra. 802; κατ' ὄνομα individually, 3 Ep.Jo.15, etc.; παῖδα κ. κρήνην at each fount a boy, Lyr.Alex.Adesp.37.13, cf. POxy 2108.9 (iii A.D.).2 of Time, καθ' ἡμέραν, κατ' ἦμαρ, day by day, daily, v. ἡμέρα 111; καθ' ἑνιαυτόν, κατ' ἔτος, Test.Epict.6.24, Ev.Luc.2.41, etc.;κ. μῆνα POxy.275.18
(i A.D.).3 of Numbers, by so many at a time, καθ' ἕνα one at a time, individually, Hdt.7.104 (later detailed list,PTeb.
47.34 (ii B.C.), etc.); κ. μίαν τε καὶ δύο by ones and twos, Hdt.4.113; ; ; κ. τὰς πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι μνᾶς πεντακοσίας δραχμὰς εἰσφέρειν to pay 500 drachmae on every 25 minae, D.27.7;κ. διακοσίας καὶ τριακοσίας ὁμοῦ τι τάλαντον διακεχρημένον
in separate sums of and 300 drachmae, Id.27.11; of ships, κ. μίαν (sc. ναῦν) in column, Th.2.90;κ. μίαν ναῦν ἐπιτάττειν Plb.1.26.12
, cf. Th.2.84: Geom., μετρεῖν, μετρεισθαι κατά.. , measure, be measured a certain number of times, Euc.7 Def.8,9,al.; μετρεῖν κ. τὰς ἐν τῷ Β μονάδας as many times as there are units in B, Id.7.16.III of direction towards an object or purpose, πλεῖν κ. πρῆξιν on a business, for or after a matter, Od. 3.72, 9.253; πλάζεσθαι κ. ληΐδα to rove in search of booty, 3.106; κ.ληΐην ἐκπλῶσαι Hdt.2.152
;ἔβη κ. δαῖτα Il.1.424
;ἐπιδημεῖν κατ' ἐμπορίαν IG22.141.32
, cf. Arist.Ath.11.1; κ. Χρέος τινὸς ἐλθεῖν come to seek his help, consult him, Od.11.479, etc.;ἵεται κ. τὴν φωνήν Hdt.2.70
; κ. θέαν ἥκειν to have come for the purpose of seeing, Th.6.31;κ. πλοῦν ἤδη ὤν Id.7.31
;καθ' ἁρπαγὴν ἐσκεδασμένοι X.An.3.5.2
; κ. τί; for what purpose? why? Ar.Nu. 239.2 of pursuit,κ. πόδας τινὸς ἐλαύνειν Hdt.9.89
; simply κ. τινά after him, Id.1.84;ἰέναι κ. τοὺς ἄλλους Id.9.53
; κατ' ἴχνος on the track, S.Aj.32, A.Ag. 695 (lyr.);ὥσπερ κατ' ἴχνη κ. τὰ νῦν εἰρημένα ζῆν Pl.Phd. 115b
.3 Geom., in adverbial phrases, κ. κάθετον in the same vertical line, Archim. Quadr.6; κατ' εὐθεῖάν τινι in the same straight line with.., Papp. 58.7.IV of fitness or conformity, in accordance with,κ. θυμόν Il.1.136
; καθ' ἡμέτερον νόον after our liking, 9.108;κ. νόον πρήξωμεν Hdt.4.97
; κ. μοῖραν as is meet and right, Il.1.286; κατ' αἶσαν, κ. κόσμον, 10.445, 472;κ. νόμον Hes.Th. 417
;κὰν νόμον Pi.O.8.78
;κ. τοὺς νόμους IG22.1227.15
; αἰτίαν καθ' ἥντινα for what cause, A.Pr. 228; κατ' ἔχθραν, κ. φθόνον, for (i.e. because of) hatred, envy, Id.Supp. 336, Eu. 686; καθ' ἡδονήν τι δρᾶν, ποιεῖν, do as one pleases, Th. 2.37,53;κ. τὸ ἔχθος τὸ Θεσσαλῶν Hdt.8.30
, cf. 9.38; κ. φιλίαν, κατ' ἔχθος, Th.1.60, 103, etc.; κατ' ἄλλο μὲν οὐδέν, ὅτι δέ.. for no other reason but that.., Pl.Phdr. 229d; κ. δύναμιν to the best of one's power, Hdt.3.142, etc. ( κὰδ δ. Hes.Op. 336); κ. τρόπον διοικεῖν arrange suitably, Isoc.2.6,al.; κατ' εὐνοίην with goodwill, Hdt.6.108;κ. τὰ παρηγγελμένα X.An.2.2.8
, etc.; in quotations, according to,κατ' Αἰσχύλον Ar.Th. 134
;κ. Πίνδαρον Pl.Phdr. 227b
, etc.2 in relation to, concerning, τὰ κατ' ἀνθρώπους = τὰ ἀνθρώπινα, A.Eu. 930, 310;τὰ κ. τὸν Τέλλον Hdt.1.31
; τὰ κ. τὴν Κύρου τελευτήν ib. 214; τὰ κ. πόλεμον military matters, Aeschin.1.181; αἱ κ. τὴν πόλιν οἰκονομίαι (opp. αἱ πολεμικαὶ πράξεις ) the management of public affairs, Din. 1.97;τὰ κ. τὰς θυσίας SIG506.7
(Delph., iii B.C.); so τὸ κατ' ὑμέας as far as concerns you, Hdt.7.158; τὸ κατ' ἐμέ as far as I am concerned, D.18.247; κ. τοῦτο in this respect, Hdt.5.3, etc.; κ. ταὐτά in the same way, Id.2.20; καθ' ὅτι so far as, Th.1.82, etc.3 in Comparisons, corresponding with, after the fashion of, κρομύοιο λοπὸν κ. like the coat of an onion, dub. in Od.19.233;μέλος κ. Φοίνισσαν ἐμπολὰν πέμπεται Pi.P.2.67
; κ. Μιθραδάτην answering to the description of him, Hdt.1.121; τὴν ἰδέαν κ. πνιγέα like an oven in appearance, Ar.Av. 1001; κηδεῦσαι καθ' ἑαυτόν to marry in one's own rank of life, A.Pr. 890;οὐ κατ' ἄνθρωπον φρονεῖν Id.Th. 425
;λέγω κατ' ἄνδρα, μὴ θεόν, σέβειν ἐμέ Id.Ag. 925
; οὐ κατὰ σέ none of your sort, Chionid.1 (but ἵνα προσείπω σε κατὰ σέ to address you in your own style, Pl.Grg. 467c);τὸ κατ' ἐμὲ καὶ οὐ κατ' ἐμέ Arr.Epict.1.28.5
;οὐ κ. τὰς Μειδίου λῃτουργίας D.21.169
;ἡ βασιλεία κ. τὴν ἀριστοκρατίαν ἐστί Arist.Pol. 1310b3
: freq. after a [comp] Comp.,μέζων ἢ κατ' ἀνθρώπων φύσιν Hdt.8.38
, cf. Pl.Ap. 20e, etc.; μείζω ἢ κ. δάκρυα too great for tears, Th.7.75; ἤθεα βαθύτερα ἢ κ. Θρήϊκας morerefined than was common among the Thracians, Hdt.4.95.V by the favour of a god, etc.,κ. δαίμονα Pi.O.9.28
, cf. P.8.68;κ. θεῖον Ar.Eq. 147
codd. (κ. θεὸν Cobet);κ. τύχην τινά D.48.24
.VI of round numbers (v. infr. v11.2), nearly, about,κ. Χίλια ἑξακόσια ἔτεα 1600
years more or less, Hdt.2.145, cf. 6.44, al.; κατ' οὐδέν next to nothing, Pl.Plt. 302b.VII of Time, during or in the course of a period,κ. τὸν πόλεμον Hdt.7.137
; καθ' ἡμέραν, κατ' ἦμαρ, by day, A. Ch. 818, Ag. 668;κατ' εὐφρόνην Id.Pers. 221
; κ. Χειμῶνα, κ. θερείαν, PLille 1r14 (iii B.C.), PTeb.27.60 (ii B.C.).2 about,κ. τὸν αὐτὸν τοῦτον Χρόνον Hdt.3.131
, etc.;κ. τοὺς θανάτους τῶν βασιλέων Id.6.58
; esp. with names of persons, κ. Ἄμασιν βασιλεύοντα about the time of Amasis, Id.2.134;κ. τὸν κ. Κροῖσον Χρόνον Id.1.67
; οἱ κατ' ἐκεῖνον (sc. τὸν Ἀλκιβιάδην)ὑμέτεροι πρόγονοι D.21.146
(v.l. κατ' ἐκ. τὸν Χρόνον); κ. τοὺς Ἡρακλείδας X.Lac.10.8
; οἱ καθ' ἑαυτοὺς ἄνθρωποι their contemporaries, Id.Mem.3.5.10.3 καθ' ἕτος this year, SIG 284.24 (Erythrae, iv B.C.), OGI458.64 (i B.C./iA.D.), CIG3641b5,38 ([place name] Lampsacus).VIII periphrastically with abstract Subst., κατ' ἡσυχίην, κ. τάχος, = ἡσύχως, ταχέως, Hdt.1.9,7.178; κ. κράτος by force, X.HG2.1.19, etc.; κ. μέρος partially, Arist.Po. 1456a16; individually, severally, Pl.Tht. 157b, Lg. 835a; κ. φύσιν naturally, Hdt. 2.38, Pl.R. 428e; κ. τὴν τέχνην skilfully, Luc.DDeor.20.7; οὔτ' ἐμοὶ λέγειν καθ' ἡδονήν [ ἐστι] it is not pleasant for me to tell you, A.Pr. 263.C Position: κατά may follow both its cases, and is then written with anastr. κάτα, as Il.20.221, etc.; so also in tmesi, when it follows its Verb, 17.91.D abs. as ADV. in all the above senses, esp. like κάτω, downwards, from above, down, freq. in Hom.I downwards, down, as inκαταβαίνω, καταβάλλω, κατάκειμαι, καταπέμπω, καταπίπτω, καταπλέω 1
.III against, in hostile sense (cf. A.11.5), as in καταγιγνώσκω, κατακρίνω, καταψηφίζομαι: more rarely with a Subst., as καταδίκη.IV back, back again, as inκάτειμι, καταπορεύομαι, καταπλέω 11
.V freq. only to strengthen the notion of the simple word, as in κατακόπτω, κατακτείνω, καταφαγεῖν, etc.; also with Substs. and Adjs., as in κατάδηλος, κάτοξος.VI sts. to give a trans. force to an intr. Verb, our be-, as in καταθρηνέω bewail.VII implying waste or consumption, as in καταλειτουργέω, καθιπποτροφέω, καταζευγοτροφέω: and generally in a disparaging sense, as in .F κατά as a Prep. was shortd. in some dialects, esp. in [dialect] Ep., into κάγ, κάδ, κάκ, κάμ, κάν, κάπ, κάρ, κάτ, before γ, δ, κ, μ, ν, π (or φ) , ῥ, τ (or θ), respectively; see these forms in their own places. Mss. and the older Edd. join the Prep. with the following word, as καγγόνυ, καδδέ, κακκεφαλῆς, καππεδίον, καπφάλαρα, καρρόον, καττάδε, καττόν, etc. In compd. Verbs, κατά sts. changes into καβ, καλ, καρ, κατ, before β, λ, ρ, θ, respectively, as κάββαλε, κάλλιπε, καρρέζουσα, κάτθανε; and before στ, σχ, the second syll. sts. disappears, as in καστορνῦσα, κάσχεθε, as also in the [dialect] Dor. forms καβαίνων, κάπετον.------------------------------------κατά [(B)], -
125 μοῖρα
A part, opp. whole, τριτάτη μ. [νυκτός] Il.10.253; [ἐσθλῶν] τριτάτην.. μ. Od.4.97
;μενέτω τριτάτῃ ἐνὶ μ. Il.15.195
.2 portion of land, of a country, etc., ;μ. πατρῴας γῆς διαιρετόν S.Tr. 163
;ἡ Περσέων μ. Hdt.1.75
; [ἐς] δυώδεκα μοίρας δασάμενοιΑἴγυπτον Id.2.147
; .4 political party,τὸν δῆμον πρὸς τὴν ἑωυτοῦ μ. προσεθήκατο Hdt.5.69
;τριῶν δὲ μ. ἡ 'ν μέσῳ σῴζει πόλεις E.Supp. 244
.5 degree, in the astron. and geog. sense, Hipparch.1.7.11, Gem.1.6, Cleom.2.5, etc.: division of the zodiac, Arat.716, cf. 560 (pl.), Procl.Hyp.3.52.II lot, portion or share which falls to one, esp. in the distribution of booty,ἴση μ. Il.9.318
;μ. καὶ γέρας ἐσθλὸν ἔχων Od.11.534
; of a meal,μοίρας ἔνεμον 8.470
, cf. 14.448, etc.;μ. ἔχειν γαίης Hes.Th. 413
; (hex.); τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς μοῖραν λαγχάνειν one's inheritance, patrimony, Lexap.D.43.51, cf. AP11.382.22 (Agath.).2 generally, part, lot, οὐδ' αἰδοῦς μ. ἔχουσιν have no part in shame, Od.20.171;εὐθυμίης μείζω μ. μεθέξει Democr.258
, cf. 263;ἐν παντὶ παντὸς μ. ἔνεστι Anaxag.11
, cf. 6;μ. ἔχειν ἀχέων A.Th. 945
(lyr.);μ. Ἀφροδίτας Id.Supp. 1041
(lyr.); ἔχουσι μ. οὐκ εὐπέμπελον an office, Id.Eu. 476; τέσσαρας μ. ἔχον ἐμοί filling the place of four relations to me, Id.Ch. 238;μ. ἡδονῆς πορεῖν Id.Pr. 631
; κατὰ τὴν ἰδίαν ἑκάστου μ., pro virili parte, Lycurg.64;οὐκ ἐλαχίστην συμβάλλεσθαι μ. πρός τι Plu.2.9f
, cf. Arist.Ath.19.4III one's portion in life, lot, destiny, , etc.;μ. βροτῶν A.Eu. 105
; mostly of ill fortune, but also of good, e. g. opp. ἀμμορίη, Od.20.76;ἡ πεπρωμένη μ. Hdt.1.91
;ἐξιστορῆσαι μ. A.Th. 506
, cf. Ag. 1314, etc.; μ. (sc. ἐστι) c. inf., 'tis one's fate,οὐ γάρ τοι πρὶν μ. φίλους ἰδέειν Od.4.475
;οὐ γάρ πώ τοι μ. θανεῖν Il.7.52
, cf. 15.117: c. acc. et inf.,εἰ μ... δαμῆναι πάντας ὁμῶς 17.421
, cf. 16.434;ἔσχε μοῖρ' Ἀχιλλέα θανεῖν S.Ph. 331
;ὡς αὐτὸν ἥξοι μ. πρὸς παιδὸς θανεῖν Id.OT 713
; εἴ μοι ξυνείη φέροντι μοῖρα ib. 863 (lyr.); μ. βιότοιο one's portion or measure of life, Il.4.170 (as v. l. for πότμον) ; ὑπὲρ μοῖραν (v. μόρος) Il.20.336; ἀγαθᾷ μοίρᾳ by good luck, E. Ion 153 (lyr.); θείᾳ μοίρᾳ by divine providence, X.Mem.2.3.18;κατά τινα θείαν μ. Arist.EN 1099b10
, cf. Pl. Men. 99e, Ap. 33c; opp.παρὰ μοῖραν Δίος Alc.Supp.14.10
.2 like μόρος, man's appointed doom, i.e. death, Il.6.488, Od.11.560; in full,θάνατος καὶ μ. Il.17.672
, etc.;μ. ὀλοή.. θανάτοιο Od.2.100
;θανάτου μ. A.Pers. 917
, Ag. 1462 (both anap.); πρὸ μοίρας before the appointed time, S.Fr. 686, Isoc.11.8;ἐξέπλησε μ. τὴν ἑωυτοῦ Hdt.4.164
,3.142, cf. 1.91; τῇ σεωυτοῦ μ. περίεις ib. 121; also, the cause of death, Od. 21.24.IV that which is meet and right, in Hom. mostly in phrase κατὰ μοῖραν in order, rightly, Il.16.367;κατὰ μ. ἔειπες 1.286
, al.;ἐν μοίρῃ πάντα διίκεο 19.186
, cf. Od.22.54, Pl.Lg. 775c, 958d; opp.παρὰ μοῖραν Od.14.509
; ἔχει μ. it is meet and right, E.Hipp. 988.2 respect, esteem,οὐκ ἔστιν ὅτῳ μείζονα μ. νείμαιμ' ἤ σοι A.Pr. 294
(anap.), cf. S.Tr. 1239; ἐν οὐδεμιῇ μοίρῃ μεγάλῃ ἄγειν τινά hold one in no great respect, Hdt.2.172;ἐν μείζονι μ. εἶναι Pl.Cri. 51b
;ἀτιμοτάτῃ ἐνὶ μ. Theoc.14.49
;μεγάλην μ. καὶ τιμὴν ἔχει Pl.Cra. 398b
; ; is prob. corrupt.V c. gen. almost periphr., ἐν τῇ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ μοίρᾳ ἐκεῖνό ἐστι is a good, of the order of the good, Pl.Phlb. 54c; ἄγειν ἢ φέρειν ἐν πολεμίου μ. as if an enemy, D.23.61; νόστοιο μ. for νόστος, Pi.P.4.196; ὡς ἐν παιδιᾶς μοίρᾳ playfully, Pl.Lg. 656b;ὡς ἐν φαρμάκου μ. Plu.2.6e
;ὥσπερ ἐν προσθήκης μ. Luc.Zeux.2
; μέτοχος εἶναι τῆς τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ μοίρας, i. e. τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ, Pl.Phlb. 60b;ἡ φιλοσόφου μ. Id.Ep. 329b
;ἡ τελειότης τἀγαθοῦ μ. τίς ἐστιν Procl.Inst.25
; θείας μ. μετέχειν, i. e. τοῦ θείου, Pl.Prt. 322a, cf. Phdr. 230a; τὸ ἐμπλήκτως ὀξὺ ἀνδρὸς μοίρᾳ προσετέθη was accounted manly, Th.3.82.B [full] Μοῖρα, as pr. n., the goddess of fate, Hom. always (exc. Il. 24.49) in sg., Il.24.209, al., cf. Orph.Fr.33, etc.: three first in Hes. Th. 905, etc.; as the goddess of death, Il.4.517, 18.119: generally of evil, 5.613; ἐγὼ δ' οὐκ αἴτιός εἰμι ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς καὶ M.καὶ ἠεροφοῖτις Ἐρινύς 19.87
: with epithets, M. κραταιή, ὀλοή, 5.629, 21.83;κακή 13.602
;δυσώνυμος 12.116
:—Trag. use sts. sg., A.Ag. 130, Ch. 910, etc.: sts. pl., Id.Pr. 516, 895, Ch. 306, etc.; of the Furies, Id.Eu. 172: later as objects of worship, SIG1044.8 (Halic., iv/iii B. C.).—In the phrasesθεοῦ μ. Od.11.292
,μ. θεῶν 3.269
, μοῖρα is Appellat., = destiny. -
126 τροφή
A nourishment, food, Hdt.3.48, S.Ph.32, 953, Th.1.5, Ev.Matt. 3.4, Gal.6.35, Iamb.VP3.16, etc.;ἡ καθ' ἡμέραν ἀναγκαία τ. Th.1.2
; the means of maintaining an army, provisions, forage,τροφὴν παρέχειν Id.8.57
, cf. 6.93: pl., OGI56.70 (Canopus, iii B. C.), etc.2 βίου τροφαί way of life, livelihood, living, S.OC 338, 446; τροφή alone,δουλίαν ἕξειν τροφήν Id.Aj. 499
, cf. OC 362;φεῦ τῆς ἀνύμφου.. σῆς τροφῆς Id.El. 1183
;τὰς ἐκ γῆς τ. ηὕρετο Pl.Prt. 322a
: then, simply, mode of life,δίκην τίνουσαι τῆς προτέρας τ. Id.Phd. 81d
, cf. 84b;βώμιοι τ. E. Ion 52
.II nurture, rearing,παιδία.. τρέφειν.. τροφήν τινα τοιήνδε Hdt.2.2
, cf. 3; χάριν τροφᾶς ἀμείβων v.l. in A.Ag. 729 (lyr.);νέας τροφῆς στερηθείς S.Aj. 511
; : freq. in pl., ἐν τροφαῖσιν while in the nursery, opp. ἐφηβήσας, A.Th. 665;ἠνυτόμαν τροφαῖς Id.Ag. 1159
(lyr.);ὦ δυσάθλιαι τ. S.OC 330
;αἱ ἐμαὶ τ. E.Tr. 1187
;τ. δημόσιαι Arist.Rh. 1361a36
; ἐκτίνων τροφάς, much like τροφεῖα, A.Th. 548;οἷς ὀδύνας ἀντὶ τροφῶν ἔλιπον IG12(5).973
([place name] Tenos).III sts. in Poets for the concrete θρέμμα, brood, νέα τ. a new generation, S.OT1, cf. A.Th. 786 (lyr.); of animals, ἀρνῶν τροφαί, i.e. young lambs, E.Cyc. 189.IV a place in which animals are reared,ἰβίων τροφαί PTeb. 5.70
, cf. 62.19, al. (ii B. C.), PPetr.3p.221 (iii B. C.), etc. -
127 ἀπό
ἀπό, [dialect] Aeol., Thess., Arc., Cypr. [full] ἀπύ Sapph.44, cf. 78, Alc.33, Theoc.28.16,IG12(2).6.45 (Mytil.), ἀπυδόμεναι ib.9(2).594 ([place name] Larissa), 5(2).6 ([place name] Tegea), etc.:—Prep. usually with Gen. but v. infr. B. (Cf. Skt.A ápa, Lat. ab, Umbr. ap-ehtre 'ab extra', Goth. af, OE. af, cef, of, etc.) Orig. sense, from. [ ᾰπο?ἀπόX: where ἀπο ¯ is found in [dialect] Ep. before v or liquids (asἀπὸ ἕθεν Il.6.62
,ἀπὸ νευρῆς 11.664
, Hes. Sc. 409) ἀπαί was sometimes written in later texts, cf. Eust. 625.11:— [pron. full] ᾱ metri gr. in [dialect] Ep. compds., such as ἀπονέεσθαι.]I OF PLACE, the earliest, and in Hom. the prevailing sense:1 of Motion, from, away from,ἐσσεύοντο νεῶν ἄπο καὶ κλισιάων Il.2.208
; pleonastic, ἀ. Τροίηθεν ib.24.492;ἀπ' οὐρανόθεν 8.365
(later with Advbs.,ἀπὸ ἔμπροσθεν LXX Ec.1.10
, etc.); strengthd.,ἐκτὸς ἀ. κλισιης Il.10.151
; also ἀπ' αἰῶνος νέος ὤλεο, implying departure from life, ib.24.725; opp. ἐξ, of relatively superficial motion,λαμβάνομεν οὔτε ἐκ τῆς γῆς οὐδέν, οὔτ' ἀπὸ τῶν οἰκιῶν X.Mem.2.7.2
; similarly of the cause or ground,ἐξ ὧν προηγώνισθε καὶ ἀφ' ὧν εἰκάζω Th.4.126
:— freq. of warriors fighting from chariots, etc.,οἱ μὲν ἀφ' ἵππων, οἱ δ' ἀ. νηῶν.. μάχοντο Il.15.386
;ἀφ' ἵππων μάρνασθαι Od.9.49
; soἡ μάχη ἦν ἀφ' ἵππων Hdt.1.79
; λαμπὰς ἔσται ἀφ' ἵππων on horseback, Pl.R. 328a;ἀφ' ἵππου θηρεύειν X.An.1.2.7
;ἀ. νεῶν πεζομαχεῖν Th. 7.62
;ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶν αἰρόμενος τοὺς ἱστοὺς ἀ. τούτων ἐσκοπεῖτο X.HG 6.2.29
; ὀμμάτων ἄπο.. κατέσταζον γένυν, of tears, E.Hec. 240: joined withἐκ, ἐκ Κορίνθου ἀ. τοῦ στρατοπέδου Pl.Tht. 142a
.2 of Position, away from, far from,μένων ἀ. ἧς ἀλόχοιο Il.2.292
(cf. ἀπ' ἀνδρὸς εἶναι to live apart from a man or husband, Plu.CG4);κεκρυμμένος ἀπ' ἄλλων Od.23.110
;μοῦνος ἀπ' ἄλλων h.Merc. 193
; ἀπ' ὀφθαλμῶν, ἀπ' οὔατος, far from sight or hearing, Il.23.53, 18.272, cf. 22.454;ἀ. θαλάσσης ᾠκίσθησαν Th.1.7
, cf. 46;αὐλίζεσθαι ἀ. τῶν ὅπλων Id.6.64
;ἀπ' οἴκου εἶναι Id.1.99
; σπεύδειν ἀ. ῥυτῆρος far from, i.e. without using the rein, S.OC 900; in Hom. freq. strengthd., τῆλε ἀ..., νόσφιν ἀ..., Il.23.880, 5.322; in measurement of distances,ὅσον ιέ στάδια ἀ. Φυλῆς X.HG2.4.4
, etc.; but later the numeral followsἀ., πηγὰς ἔχων ἀ. μ σταδίων τῆς θαλάσσης D.S.4.56
;ἀ. σταδίων κ τῆς πόλεως Plu.Phil.4
; κατεστρατοπέδευσεν ἀ. ν σταδίων fifty stades away, Id.Oth.11, cf. D.Chr.17.17.3 of the mind, ἀ. θυμοῦ away from, i. e. alien from, my heart, Il.1.562;ἀ. δόξης 10.324
;οὐ.. ἀ. σκοποῦ οὐδ' ἀ. δόξης Od.11.344
;ἀ. τοῦ ἀνθρωπείου τρόπου Th.1.76
; οὐδὲν ἀ. τρόπου not without reason, Pl.R. 470b; οὐκ ἀ. σκοποῦ, καιροῦ, Id.Tht. 179c, 187e;οὐκ ἀ. γνώμης S. Tr. 389
;οὐκ ἀ. τοῦ πράγματος D.24.6
;μάλα πολλὸν ἀπ' ἐλπίδος ἔπλετο A.R.2.863
.4 in pregnant sense, with Verbs of rest, previous motion being implied (cf. ἐκ), ἀνὰ δ' ἐβόασεν.. ἀ. πέτρας σταθείς E.Tr. 523
; ἀ.τῆς ἐμῆς κεφαλῆς τὴν [ἐκείνου] κεφαλὴν ἀναδήσω, i. e. taking the chaplet off my head, and placing it on his, Pl.Smp. 212e: with Verbs of hanging, where ἐκ is more common,ἁψαμένη βρόχον ἀ. μελάθρου Od.11.278
.5 with the Article, where the sense of motion often disappears, οἱ ἀ. τῶν οἰκιῶν φεύγουσιν, i.e. οἱ ἐν ταῖς οἰκίαις φεύγουσιν ἀπ' αὐτῶν, X.Cyr.7.5.23; οἱ ἀ. τῶν πύργων.. ἐπαρήξουσι ib.6.4.18;αἴρειν τὰ ἀ. τῆς γῆς Pl.Cra. 410b
; αἱ ἵπποι αἱ ἀ. τοῦ ἅρματος v.l. in Hdt.4.8;ὁ Ἀθηναῖος ὁ ἀ. τοῦ στρατεύματος X.An.7.2.19
;τὸν ἀ. γραμμᾶς κινεῖ λίθον Theoc.6.18
.6 partitive, λαχὼν ἀ. ληΐδος αἶσαν part taken from the booty, a share of it, Od.5.40;αἴρεσθαι ἀ. τῶν καλπίδων Ar. Lys. 539
;ἀ. ἑκατὸν καὶ εἴκοσι παίδων εἷς μοῦνος Hdt.6.27
;ὀλίγοι ἀ. πολλῶν Th.7.87
, cf. A.Pers. 1023.7 Math., of figures described upon a base,κῶνον ἀναγράφειν ἀ. κύκλου Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.19
, etc.; τὸ ἀ. τῆς AB τετράγωνον the square on AB, Euc.1.47, cf. 48; εἴδεα ἀ. .. Archim.Spir.10,11.9 from being, instead of,ἀθανάταν ἀ. θνατᾶς.. ἐποίησας Βερενίκαν Theoc.15.106
.10 privative, free from, without,ἀ. πάσης ἀκαθαρσίας PLips.16.19
(ii A. D.);ἀ. ζημίας PTeb420.4
(iii A. D.).II OF TIME, from, after, Hom. only in Il.8.54 ἀ. δείπνου θωρήσσοντο rising up from, i.e. after, cf. Hdt.1.133; ἀ. δείπνου εἶναι or γενέσθαι, Id.1.126, 2.78, 5.18, al.;ἀ. τοῦ σιτίου πίνειν Hp.Salubr.5
;ἀ. τῶν σίτων διαπονεῖσθαι X.Lac. 5.8
; in narrative, τὸ ἀ. τούτου or το̄δε, from this point onwards, Hdt.1.4,2.99;ἀ. τούτου τοῦ χρόνου Id.1.82
, X.An.7.5.8;τὸ ἀπ' ἐκείνου Luc.Tox.25
;ἡμέρῃ δεκάτῃ ἀφ' ἧς.. Hdt.3.14
, etc.;δευτέρῃ ἡμέρῃ ἀ. τῆς ἐμπρήσιος Id.8.55
, cf. X.An.1.7.18, etc.;ἀφ' οὗ χρόνου Id.Cyr. 1.2.13
; more often ἀπ' or ἀφ' οὗ, Hdt.2.44, Th.1.18, etc.; ;ἀφ' ἧς Plu.Pel.15
; εὐθὺς ἀ. παλαιοῦ, ἀ. τοῦ πάνυ ἀρχαίου, of olden time, Th.1.2,2.15;ἀπ' ἀρχᾶς Pi.P.8.25
, etc.;ἀ. γενεᾶς X. Cyr.1.2.8
; ἀφ' ἑσπέρας from the beginning of evening, i.e. at eventide, Th.7.29; ἀ. πρώτου ὕπνου ib.43;ἀ. μέσων νυκτῶν Ar.V. 218
; ἀπ' ἀγροῦ fresh from field-work, Ev.Marc.15.21, cf. 7.4;ἀ. νουμηνίας X.An.5.6.23
; χρονίζειν ἀ. τοῦ καιροῦ tarry beyond the time, LXX2 Ki. 20.5; ἀ. τέλους ἐννέα μηνῶν at the end of.., ib.24.8;γενόμενος ἀ. τῆς ἀρχῆς Plu.Caes.5
: hence ἀ. ἀγωνοθετῶν an εχ-ἀγωνοθέτης, IG3.398;ἀ. λογιστῶν POxy.1103.3
(iv A. D.); οἱ ἀ. ὑπατείας, = consulares, Hdn.7.1.9, etc.; but ἀ. τινος the freedman of.., IG5(2).50.59(Tegea, ii A. D.), cf.ib.5(1).1391 ([place name] Andania), 1473.III OF ORIGIN, CAUSE, etc.:1 of that from which one is born, οὐ γὰρ ἀ. δρυός ἐσσι οὐδ' ἀ. πέτρης not sprung from oak or rock, Od.19.163;γίγνονται δ' ἄρα ταί γ' ἔκ τε κρηνέων ἀ. τ' ἀλσέων 10.350
, cf. S.OT 415, OC 571, etc.: sts. ἀπό denotes remote, and ἐκ immediate, descent,τοὺς μὲν ἀ. θεῶν, τοὺς δ' ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν γεγονότας Isoc.12.81
, cf. Hdt.7.150;πέμπτη ἀπ' αὐτοῦ γέννα A.Pr. 853
; τρίτος ἀ. Διός third in descent from Zeus, Pl.R. 391c; οἱ ἀ. γένους τινός his descendants, Plu. Them.32;Περσέως ἀφ' αἵματος E.Alc. 509
: of the place one springs from,ἵπποι.. ποταμοῦ ἄπο Σελλήεντος Il.2.839
. cf. 849;Ἡρακλεῖδαι οἱ ἀ. Σπάρτης Hdt.8.114
, cf. Th.1.89, etc.;τοὺς ἀ. Φρυγίας X.Cyr.2.1.5
, etc.:hence,b metaph. of things,Χαρίτων ἄπο κάλλος ἔχουσαι Od.6.18
; θεῶν ἄπο μήδεα εἰδώς ib.12;γάλα ἀ. βοός A.Pers. 611
;μῆνις ἀφ' ἡμῶν Id.Eu. 314
;ἡ ἀφ' ὑμῶν τιμωρία Th.1.69
; ὁ ἀ. τῶν πολεμίων φόβος fear inspired by the enemy, X.Cyr.3.3.53.c of persons, οἱ ἀ. τῆς χώρας, τῆς πόλεως, country folk, townsfolk, Plb.2.6.8, 5.70.8; and so of connexion with the founder or leader of a sect,οἱ ἀ. Πυθαγόρου Luc.Herm.14
;οἱ ἀ. Πλάτωνος Plu.Brut.2
; οἱ ἀ. τοῦ περιπάτου, ἀ. τῆς Στοᾶς, etc., Luc.Cont. 6; generally οἱ ἀ. φιλοσοφίας καὶ λόγων philosophers and learned men, ibid.; οἱ ἀ. σκηνῆς καὶ θεάτρου stage players, Plu.Sull.2;οἱ ἀ. τῆς βουλῆς Id.Caes.10
, etc.; ὁ ἀφ' ἑστίας παῖς, v. ἑστία; ἀπ' ἐξωμίδος with only an ἐξωμίς, S.E.P.1.153.2 of the material from or of which a thing is made,εἵματα ἀ. ξύλου πεποιημένα Hdt.7.65
;ἀπ' ὄμφακος τεύχειν οἶνον A.Ag. 970
, cf. S.Tr. 704;ὅσσα ἀ. γλυκερῶ μέλιτος Theoc.15.117
;ἔνδυμα ἀ. τριχῶν καμήλου Ev.Matt.3.4
: hence στέφανος ἀ. ταλάντων ἑξήκοντα of or weighing 60 talents, Decr. ap. D. 18.92, cf. Plb.24.1.7, IG2.555.10, al.: hence of value,θύεν αἶγα ἀ. δραχμᾶν εἴκοσι GDI3707
([place name] Cos);κρᾶσις ἀ. τε τῆς ἡδονῆς συγκεκραμένη καὶ ἀ. τῆς λύπης Pl.Phd. 59a
; so, by an extension of this use, εἰδεχθής τις ἀ. τοῦ προσώπου ugly of countenance, Thphr.Char.28.4;θῆλυν ἀ. χροιῆς Theoc.16.49
;σεμνὸς ἀ. τοῦ σχήματος Luc.DMort.10.8
.3 of the instrument from or by which a thing is done, τοὺς.. πέφνεν ἀπ' ἀργυρέοιο βιοῖο by arrow shot from silver bow, Il.24.605; ;ἐμῆς ἀπὸ χειρός 10.371
, 11.675; soἀ. χειρὸς ἐργάζεσθαι μεγάλα Luc.Hist.Conscr.29
; γυμνάζεσθαι ἀ. σκελῶν, χειρῶν, τραχήλου, X.Lac.5.9;μάχεσθαι ἀ. ἄκοντος Str.17.3.7
;ἡ ἀ. τοῦ ξίφους μάχη D.S.5.29
;βάπτειν τὸν δάκτυλον ἀ. τοῦ αἵματος LXX Le.4.7
.4 of the person from whom an act comes, i.e. by whom it is done,οὐδὲν μέγα ἔργον ἀπ' αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο Hdt.1.14
;ζήτησιν ἀ. σφέων γενέσθαι Id.2.54
; , cf. 6.61;ἀ. τινος ὄνασθαι Pl.R. 528a
, etc.; so τἀπ' ἐμοῦ, τἀπὸ σοῦ, E.Tr.74, S.OC 1628;τὰ ἀ. τῶν Ἀθηναίων Th.1.127
; in later Greek freq. of the direct agent, Plb.1.34.8, Str.5.4.12, D.H.9.12, Ev.Luc.9.22, J.AJ20.8.10, etc.; in codd. this may sts. be due to confusion with ὑπό, but cf. PMag.Par.1.256, BGU 1185.26(Aug.), SIG820.8(Ephesus, i A. D.), etc.5 of the source from which life, power, etc., are sustained,ζῆν ἀπ' ὕλης ἀγρίης Hdt.1.203
; ἀ. κτήνεων καὶ ἰχθύων ib. 216;ἀ. πολέμου Id.5.6
;ἀπ' ἐλαχίστων χρημάτων X.Mem.1.2.14
;ἀ. τῆς ἀγορᾶς Id.An.6.1.1
;τρέφειν τὸ ναυτικὸν ἀ. τῶν νήσων Id.HG4.8.9
, cf. Th.1.99;ἀ. τῶν κοινῶν πλουτεῖν Ar.Pl. 569
, cf. D.24.124;ἀ. μικρῶν εὔνους.. γεγένησαι Ar.Eq. 788
, cf. D.18.102; quaestum corpore facere,Plu.
Tim.14.6 of the cause, means, or occasion from, by, or because of which a thing is done,ἀ. τούτου κριοπρόσωπον τὤγαλμα τοῦ Διὸς ποιεῦσι Hdt.2.42
; ἀ. τινος ἐπαινεῖσθαι, θαυμάζεσθαι, ὠφελεῖσθαι, Th.2.25,6.12, X.Cyr.1.1.2;ἀ. τῶν ξυμφορῶν διαβάλλεσθαι Th.5.17
;τὴν ἐπωνυμίαν ἔχειν ἀ. τινος Id.1.46
;ἀ. λῃστείας τὸν βίον ἔχειν X.An. 7.7.9
;ἀπ' αὐτῶν τῶν ἔργων κρίνειν D.2.27
; ἀ. τοῦ πάθους in consequence of.., Th.4.30;βλάπτειν τινὰ ἀ. τινος Id.7.29
;κατασκευάσαντα τὸ πλοῖον ἀφ' ὧν ὑπελάμβανε σωθήσεσθαι D.18.194
; τρόπαιον ἀ. τινος εἱστήκει on occasion of his defeat, Id.19.320; τλήμων οὖσ' ἀπ' εὐτόλμου , cf. 1643; ἀ. δικαιοσύνης by reason of it (v. l. for ὑπό), Hdt.7.164; ἀ. τῶν αὐτῶν λημμάτων on the same scale of profits, D.3.34, etc.; for ὅσον ἀ. βοῆς ἕνεκα, v. ἕνεκα: hence in half adverbial usages, ἀ. σπουδῆς in earnest, eagerly, Il.7.359; ἀ. τοῦἴσου, ἀ. τῆς ἴσης, or ἀπ' ἴσης, equally, Th.1.99,15, D.14.6, etc.;ἀπ' ὀρθῆς καὶ δικαίας τῆς ψυχῆς Id.18.298
;ἀ. ἀντιπάλου παρασκευῆς Th.1.91
; ἀ. τοῦ προφανοῦς openly, ib.35; ἀ. τοῦ εὐθέος straightforwardly, Id.3.43; ἀ. τοῦ αὐτομάτου of free-will, Pl.Prt. 323c; ἀ. γλώσσης by word of mouth, Hdt.1.123 (but also, from hearsay, A.Ag. 813);ἀ. στόματος Pl.Tht. 142d
; ἀπ' ὄψεως at sight, Lys.16.19; ἀ. χειρὸς λογίζεσθαι on your fingers, Ar.V. 656; ; ὀμμάτων ἄπο in the public gaze, E.Med. 216;ἀ. τοῦ κυάμου ἄρχοντας καθίστασθαι X.Mem.1.2.9
;ἡ βουλὴ ἡ ἀ. τοῦ κυάμου Th.8.66
, cf. IG1.9;τοὺς ἀ. τοῦ κυάμου δισχιλίους ἄνδρας Arist.Ath.24.3
; τριηράρχους αἱρεῖσθαι ἀ. τῆς οὐσίας Decr. ap. D.18.106; ἀφ' ἑαυτοῦ from oneself, on one's own account, Th.8.6, etc.;ἀφ' ἑαυτοῦ γνώμης Id.4.68
; ἀ. συνθήματος, ἀ. παραγγέλματος, by agreement, by word of command, Hdt.5.74, Th.8.99; ἀ. σάλπιγγος by sound of trumpet, X.Eq.Mag.3.12 (s.v.l.); ἐπίτροπος ἀ. τῶν λόγων, = Lat. procurator a rationibus, Ann.Epigr..1913.143a (Ephesus, ii A. D.).7 of the object spoken of, τὰ ἀ. τῆς νήσου οἰκότα ἐστί the things told from or of the island.., Hdt.4.195, cf. 54, 7.195;νόμος κείμενος ἀ. τῶν τεχνῶν Ar.Ra. 762
.B in Arc., Cypr., ἀπύ takes dat., ἀπὺ τᾷ [ἁμέρᾳ] IG5(2).6 ([place name] Tegea);ἀπὺ τᾷ ζᾷ Inscr.Cypr.135.8
H. ([place name] Idalion).2 in later Greek ἀπό is found c. acc., PLond.1.124.30 (iv/v A. D.).C in Hom. frequent with Verbs in tmesi, as Il.5.214, etc., and sts. in Prose, as Hdt.8.89.D IN COMPOS.:1 asunder, as ἀποκόπτω, ἀπολύω, ἀποτέμνω: and hence, away, off, as ἀποβάλλω, ἀποβαίνω; denoting, remoual of an accusation, as ἀπολογέομαι, ἀποψηφίζομαι.2 finishing off, completing, ἀπεργάζομαι, ἀπανδρόω, ἀπανθρωπίζω, ἀπογλαυκόω.3 ceasing from, leaving off, as ἀπαλγέω, ἀποκηδεύω, ἀπολοφύρομαι, ἀποζέω, ἀπανθίζω, ἀφυβρίζω.4 back again, as ἀποδίδωμι, ἀπολαμβάνω, ἀπόπλους: also, in full, or what is one's own, as ἀπέχω, ἀπολαμβάνω: freq. it only strengthens the sense of the simple.5 by way of abuse, as in ἀποκαλέω.6 almost = ἀ- priv.; sts. with Verbs, as ἀπαυδάω, ἀπαγορεύω; more freq. with Adjectives, as ἀποχρήματος, ἀπότιμος, ἀπόσιτος, ἀπόφονος.E ἄπο, by anastrophe for ἀπό, when it follows its Noun, asὀμμάτων ἄπο S.El. 1231
, etc.; never in Prose. -
128 ἀποδημία
A going or being abroad,ἀ. ἐξ οἴκου Hdt. 6.130
, cf. Lys.3.10;ἀ. ποιεῖσθαι Pl.Cri. 52b
;ἔξω τῆς χώρας Id.Lg. 949e
, cf. 950a;ἀ. ἡ εἰς Ὀλυμπίαν And.4.30
; περὶ τῆς ἀ. τῆς ἐκεῖ as to my life in that foreign land, i.e. beyond the grave, Pl.Phd. 61e, cf. 67c, Ap. 41a (but in pl. of earthly life, as exile from heaven, Porph. Marc.5); ἐξ ἀποδημίας τινὸς προσῄει from a long journey, X.Cyr.3.1.7.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀποδημία
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