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21 εἴργω
V 0-0-0-0-3=3 1 Ezr 5,69.71; 3 Mc 3,18to hinder, to prevent from [τινος] (→ἀπ-,,) -
22 κατέχω
+ V 5-15-6-19-8=53 Gn 22,13; 24,56; 39,20; 42,19; Ex 32,13A: to hold [τι] Ct 3,8; to hold back [τι] 1 Chr 13,9; to withhold, to take, to lay hold on [τινα] 2 Sm 2,21; to withhold from [τινα ἀπό τινος] Ps 118(119),53; to keep, to prevent from going away [τινα] Gn 24,56; to keep, to detain (prisoners) [τινα] Gn 39,20; to keep, to live with [τινα] Prv 18,22a; to possess [τι] Ex 32,13; id. [τινα] Prv 19,15; id. [τινος] Ps 72(73),12; to gain possession of [τι] Jos 1,11; id. [τινα] (metaph.) Jb 15,24; to rule, to control [τινος] 1 Mc 6,27; to seize, to occupy [τινος] 2 Chr 15,8; to cling to [τινος] 1 Kgs 1,51; to fill in, to repair [τι] 2 Kgs 12,13P: to be held Gn 22,13; to refrain from [τινος] Ru 1,13ὅμως οὐ κατέσχεν ἐπιτελέσαι τὸ σχέτλιον αὐτοῦ βούλημα nevertheless he did not succeed in having his merciless will done 2 Mc 15,5; ἐπὶ χεῖρα αὐτῶν κατέσχεν υἱὸς Ουρια the son of Uria made repairs next to them Neh 3,4, cpr. 2 Kgs 12,13Cf. DELEKAT 1964a, 172; HARL 1986a 194-195(Gn 22,13); 1986c=1992a 68; SPICQ 1982, 379-385;→TWNT -
23 κωλύω
+ V 3-2-4-4-20=33 Gn 23,6; Ex 36,6; Nm 11,28; 1 Sm 25,26; 2 Sm 13,13A: to hinder [abs.] TobS 8,3; to withhold, to prevent [τι] Jb 12,15; to withold from [τι ἀπό τινος] Gn 23,6;to hinder, to forbid [τινα] Nm 11,28; to hinder [+inf.] Is 28,6P: to be hindered from, to be restrained from [+inf.] Ex 36,6; id. [τινος] 1 Ezr 6,6; id. [ἀπό τινος] Sir 20,3ἐκ πάσης ὁδοῦ πονηρᾶς ἐκώλυσα τοὺς πόδας μου I have kept back my feet from every evil way Ps 118(119),101Cf. ARGYLE 1956, 17; BARR 1985, 72-74; CAIRD 1976, 81; DE WAARD 1981, 554; HELBING 1928, 160-161(→ἀποκωλύω, διακωλύω,,) -
24 προφθάνω
+ V 0-4-1-12-3=20 1 Sm 20,25; 2 Sm 22,6.19; 2 Kgs 19,32; Jon 4,2to outrun [τινα] 1 Mc 10,23; to come upon, to prevent [τινα] 2 Sm 22,6; to take advantage of [τινα] Sir 19,27; to approach, to come near to [τι] Ps 94(95),2; to extend in front [τι] Ps 67 (68),32; to act with foresight or in anticipation Jon 4,2Cf. HELBING 1928, 104-105 -
25 διάκλυσμα
A lotion for washing out the mouth, Gal.11.839; ὀδονταλγίας δ. to prevent toothache, Dsc.1.43, cf. 96, Apollonius ap.Gal.12.864, cf. Id.11.879.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διάκλυσμα
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26 διακωλυτέον
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διακωλυτέον
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27 διακωλύω
διακωλ-ύω [ῡ],A hinder, prevent,τινὰ μὴ ποιεῖν Hdt.8.144
, cf. Lys.20.36;δ. σε ὀρφανὸν εἶναι E.Hec. 148
;δ. τὰ ἱερὰ μὴ γίγνεσθαι Antipho 5.82
;δ. ἄδικα γίγνεσθαι Pl.Ap. 31e
;δ. τινά Th.8.92
, Ev.Matt.3.14; δ. τινά τι (sc. ποιεῖν) Pl.Ep. 315d;δ. τινά τινος D.S.20.79
;δ. φόνον S.OC 1771
(lyr.);δ. τὸ πρᾶγμα Alc.Com.3
, cf. Arist. EN 1159b6:—[voice] Pass., Th.1.101; : ἂ διεκωλύθη (sc. ποιεῖν) D.18.60.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διακωλύω
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28 διαμαρτυρία
A obstructive plea, put forward at the preliminary investigation to prevent a case from coming to trial, D.44.58, Is.3.5, Harp.;καθάπερ διαμαρτυρίαν θέμενος Satyr.Vit.Eur.Fr.39xvii21
.II generally, testifying, solemn protest,τοῦ ἔθνους LXX 4 Ma.16.16
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διαμαρτυρία
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29 δυσφύλακτος
A hard to guard,δυσφύλακτον οὐδὲν ὡς γυνή Alex.339
; of a city, Plb. 2.55.2;πλοῦτος Str.9.3.8
;ἀρχή D.C. 56.33
.II hard to keep off or prevent, , cf. Andr. 728; hard to guard against or avoid,τενάγη Str.11.4.2
;τὸ οἰδεῖν -ότατον Longin.3.3
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > δυσφύλακτος
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30 εἱρκτέον
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εἱρκτέον
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31 εἴλω
εἴλω (also [full] εἰλέω, [full] εἱλέω, [full] εἴλλω, [full] εἵλλω, [full] ἴλλω; εἱλῶνται is f.l. in Aret.SD1.2), a word whose meanings are traceable to various roots of similar form, v. infr. D.—From εἴλω ([tense] pres. in Hom. only [voice] Pass. part. εἰλόμενος (v. infr.)), we have [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor.Aἔλσα Il.11.413
, inf.ἐέλσαι 21.295
, [dialect] Dor. part.ἔλσαις Pi.O.10(11).43
:—[voice] Med., [tense] aor.ἠλσάμην Semon.17
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. 2 ἐάλην [pron. full] [ᾰ] Il.13.408; inf. ἀλῆναι, ἀλήμεναι, 16.714, 18.76; part. ἀλείς, εῖσα, έν 22.308: [tense] pf. ἔελμαι, part. -μένος 13.524
:—for ἐόλει, ἐόλητο, v. ἐόλει.—Fromεἰλέω Il.2.294
: [tense] impf.εἴλεον Od.22.460
; [var] contr.εἴλει Il.8.215
, Od.12.210;ἐείλεον Il.18.447
: [tense] fut. , AP12.208 (Strat.): [tense] aor. , Dsc.5.87 (ἐν-):—[voice] Med., [tense] impf.εἰλεῦντο Il.21.8
; part.εἰλεύμενος Hdt.2.76
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor.εἰλήθην Hp.Morb.4.52
: [tense] pf. and Is.11.5 (s. v. l.), Lyc. 1202: [tense] plpf.εἴληντο J.AJ 12.1.9
.A shut in (less freq. shut out, εἰλέσθων τοῦ ἱαροῦ let them be shut out from the temple, IG22.1126.48 (iv B.C.)); [Ὀδυσῆα] ἔλσαν ἐν μέσσοισι μετὰ σφίσι, πῆμα δὲ ἔλσαν (Zenod., v.l. πῆμα τιθέντες) Il.11.413;ὅτε Κύκλωψ εἴλει ἐνὶ σπῆϊ Od.12.210
, cf. 22.460;ἔνθα δυώδεκα μὲν μένον ἤματα δῖοι Ἀχαιοί· εἴλει γὰρ Βορέης ἄνεμος μέγας οὐδ' ἐπὶ γαίῃ εἴα ἵστασθαι Od.19.200
;ὅν περ ἄελλαι χειμέριαι εἰλέωσιν Il.2.294
;εἱλεῖσθαι ἐν τῷ τόπῳ, μὴ δυνάμενον ἐκπλεῦσαι Arist.Mir. 840a33
, cf. EM298.29; εἰς ἄστυ ἄλεν (for ἄλησαν) Il.22.12;κατὰ ἄστυ ἐέλμεθα 24.662
;ἐελμένοι ἔνδοθι πύργων 18.287
; ; χειμέριον ἀλὲν ὕδωρ ponded water, prevented from flowing away, Il.23.420; ὅσοι πικροὶ.. χυμοὶ κατὰ τὸ σῶμα πλανηθέντες ἔξω μὲν μὴ λάβωσιν ἀναπνοήν, ἐντὸς δὲ εἱλλόμενοι (v.l. εἰλόμενοι) τὴν ἀφ' αὑτῶν ἀτμίδα τῇ τῆς ψυχῆς φορᾷ συμμείξαντες ἀνακερασθῶσι, Pl.Ti. 86e.2 hinder, hold in check, prevent,ἧστο Διὸς βουλῇσιν ἐελμένος Il.13.524
, cf. A.Fr.25: ἔλλοψ (as though ἴλλοψ ) is derived from ἴλλεσθαι = εἴργεσθαι and ὄψ = φωνή by Ath.7.308c.3 enclose, cover, protect,ὑπ' ἀσπίδος ἄλκιμον ἦτορ ἔλσας Callin.1.11
; τῇ ὕπο (sc. τῇ ἀσπίδι) πᾶς ἐάλη he was entirely covered, Il.13.408.B press, as olives and grapes, Paus.Gr.Fr.155; ἀμφὶ βίην Διομήδεος.. εἰλόμενοι huddling around him, Il.5.782; ἵππων φειδόμενος, μή μοι δευοίατο φορβῆς ἀνδρῶν, εἰλομένων, εἰωθότες ἔδμεναι ἄδην here where men throng, ib. 203;πλῆθεν.. ἵππων τε καὶ ἀνδρῶν εἰλομένων· εἴλει δὲ.. Ἕκτωρ 8.215
, cf. 1.409, 18.447, 21.295; πόλις δ' ἔμπλητο ἀλέντων ib. 607; ἐς ποταμὸν εἰλεῦντο they were forced into the river, ib.8; εἱλουμένης τῆς τροφῆς the nourishment being concentrated, Thphr.CP6.11.8;θῆρας ὁμοῦ εἰλεῦντα Od.11.573
; [λέων] ἰλλόμενός περ ὁμίλῳ hard- pressed, A.R.2.27;ἀπωθούμενον ὑπὸ τοῦ περιεστῶτος ἔξωθεν πνεύματος πάλιν ἐντὸς ὑπὸ τὸ δέρμα εἱλλόμενον κατερριζοῦτο Pl.Ti. 76b
:—[voice] Pass., of crowds, swarm, jostle one another,ἐν ὀλίγῳ εἰλουμένους Plu.Crass.25
; of ants, Luc.Icar.19.2 in [tense] aor. [voice] Pass., of a man or animal, contract his body, draw himself together, ; ἐνὶ δίφρῳ ἧστο ἀλείς ( huddled up),ἐκ γὰρ πλήγη φρένας 16.403
; of a lion when struck,ἐάλη τε χανών 20.168
; of a warrior,Ἀχιλῆα ἀλεὶς μένεν 21.571
; , Od. 24.538.II without the idea of pressure, collect,ἐν Πίσᾳ ἔλσαις στρατὸν λείαν τε πᾶσαν Pi.O.10(11).43
:—[voice] Pass., Ἀργείους ἐκέλευσα ἀλήμεναι ἐνθάδε πάντας to assemble, Il.5.823.C (found only in the forms εἰλέω ([etym.] εἱλ-) , ἴλλω) wind, turn round, ; ἀπὸ δὲ τῶ[ν πετρῶν] ἴλλει ἡ στεφάνη ἐπὶ τὸν λόφον GDIiv p.847 (iv B.C.);νῆα δ' ἔπειτα πέριξ εἴλει ῥόος A.R.2.571
; roll, γλῶσσαν dub.in Call.Iamb.1.144:— [voice] Pass., revolve, move to and fro,ἰλλομένων ἀρότρων S.Ant. 340
(lyr.);οἱ ἀστέρες ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ εἰλέονται Luc.Astr.29
; περὶ τὴν γῆν ἀεὶ εἱλεῖν ἰών, as etym. of ἥλιος ([etym.] ἀέλιος), Pl.Cra. 409a; εἰλέονται ἐπὶ τὸ ὑγιὲς σκέλος they pivot or swing round on the sound leg, Hp.Art.52, cf. Mochl.20; of a flame,περὶ δ' αὐτὸν εἰλεῖτο φλόξ Mosch.4.104
; κατ' αὐτὸν (sc. τὸν κισσὸν) ἕλιξ εἰλεῖται is twined round, Theoc.1.31; ap. Stob.1.3.52; also of hair on the crown, to be whorled, Ruf.Onom.13.II roll up tight, [κῶας] εἴλει ἀφασσόμενος A.R.4.181
;τὴν μηλωτὴν εἱλήσας LXX 4 Ki. 2.8
:—[voice] Pass., ἰλλομένοις ἐπὶ λαίφεσι furled, A.R.1.329.III metaph. in [voice] Pass., ἐν ποσὶ εἱλεῖσθαι to be familiar, Hdt. 2.76;οἱ περὶ τὰς δίκας εἱλούμενοι Max.Tyr.28.3
, cf. Alciphr.3.60,64.D It seems impossible to derive all the above uses from an orig. sense squeeze, though most of those under A and B, as well as C. II, might be so explained; but A seems to imply a root meaning bar, cf. ἀποϝηλέω, ἐγϝηληθίωντι, ϝήλημα (βήλημα), εἶλαρ, and C is to be compared with εἰλύω, Lat. volvo: some passages are doubtful in meaning, μή νυν περὶ σαυτὸν εἶλλε τὴν γνώμην ἀεί do not roll or wrap your thought round you, or do not confine your thought within you, Ar.Nu. 761; γῆν.. ἰλλομένην (v.l. εἱλλ-, εἰλλ-) was taken to mean revolving by Arist.Cael. 293b31 (cf.περὶ τὸ μέσον εἱλεῖσθαι Mete. 356a5
) but expld. (omitting τήν ) as packed tightly about.. by Procl.in Ti.3.136 D.; ἐν δὲ τῇ ταραχῇ (in the churning) εὐρυχωρίης γινομένης, εἰλέεται (sc. τὸ ὑγρόν) ἀποκεκριμένον καὶ θερμαίνει τὸ σῶμα perh. is squeezed out, Hp. Morb.4.51; πρὶν δὲ ταραχθῆναι οὐκ ἔχει ἐκχωρέειν τὸ πλεῖον τοῦ ὑγροῦ, ἀλλ' ἄνω καὶ κάτω εἰλέεται μεμιγμένον τῷ ἄλλῳ ὑγρῷ is driven up and down, ibid.:— νῆα κεραυνῷ Ζεὺς ἔλσας (ἐλάσας Zenod.
) ἐκέασσε prob. striking the ship.., Od.5.132, cf. 7.250 (only here in this sense). -
32 ζυγόν
ζῠγόν, τό, also [full] ζυγός, ὁ, (in various senses), h.Cer. 217, Pl.Ti. 63b, Theoc.30.29, LXXGe.27.40, al., Plb.4.82.2, Ev.Matt.11.29, Jul.Or.5.173a, etc.: rarely in pl.,I yoke of a plough or carriage,ζ. ἵππειον Il.5.799
, 23.392;ὑπὸ ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν ἵππους 5.731
, cf. Od.3.383;ἐπὶ ζυγὸν αὐχένι θεῖναι βουσί Hes.Op. 815
, cf. 581; ὑπὸ ζυγόφιν (i.e. ζυγοῦ)λύον ἵππους Il.24.576
: prov., τὸν αὐτὸν ἕλκειν ζ. 'to be in the same boat', Aristaenet.2.7, Zen.3.43;ταὔτ' ἐμοὶ ζ. τρίβεις Herod.6.12
.2 metaph.,ἐπὶ ζυγὸς αὐχένι κεῖται h.Cer. 217
;ἐχθροῖσιν ὑπὸ ζυγὸν αὐχένα θήσω Thgn.1023
; ἐπαυχένιον λαβεῖν ζ. Pi.P.2.93; δούλιον ζ. the yoke of slavery, Hdt.7.8.γ, A.Th.75 (pl.), 471, etc.; δουλείας, ἀνάγκης ζ., S.Aj. 944, E.Or. 1330;ὑπὸ ζυγῷ λόφον δικαίως εἶχον S.Ant. 291
; ἐπιτιθέναι τινὶ ζυγὰ τοῦ μὴ.. so as to prevent.., X.Cyr.3.1.27;ζυγῷ ζυγῆναι Pl.R. 508a
;ἄγειν ὑπὸ τὸν ζ. τινάς Plb.4.82.2
, cf. D.H.3.22;ὑπὸ τὸν ζ. ὑπαγαγεῖν D.C.Fr.36.10
;ζυγὸν ὑποστῆναι D.H.10.20
.2 .III in pl., thwarts or benches joining the opposite sides of a ship, Od.9.99, 13.21, Hdt.2.96: rarely in sg.,θοὸν εἰρεσίας ζυγόν S.Aj. 249
(lyr.): metaph., of the seat of authority compared to the helmsman's seat, ;ἐπεὶ δ' ἐπὶ ζυγοῖς καθέζετ' ἀρχῆς Id.Ph.74
; σὺ ταῦτα φωνεῖς νερτέρᾳ προσήμενος κώπῃ, κρατούντων τῶν ἐπὶ ζυγῷ δορός; while on the main thwart sits authority, A.Ag. 1618; also of a coachman's seat, box, PMasp.303.15 (vi A.D.).IV beam of the balance,ζυγὸν ταλάντου A.Supp. 822
(lyr.), cf. Arist.Mech. 850a4: hence, the balance itself (cf. πῆχυς IV),αἴρειν τὸν ζυγόν Pl.Ti. 63b
; ἐν πλάστιγγιζυγοῦ κεῖσθαι Id.R. 55o
e; ζυγῷ or ἐν τῷ ζ. ἱστάναι, Lys.10.18, Pl. Prt. 356b;ζυγὸν ἱστάναι D.Prooem.55
: in pl., Id.25.46, SIG975.39 (Delos, iii B.C.): prov.,ζ. μὴ ὑπερβαίνειν Pythag.
ap. D.L.8.18.b the constellation Libra, Hipparch.3.1.5, Ph.1.28, Man.2.137, etc.;ζ. Ἀφροδίτης Porph.Antr.22
.VIII rank or line of soldiers, opp. file ([etym.] στοῖχος), ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ ζ. ἐμάχοντο τέσσαρες Th.5.68
;ὁ ζυγός Polyaen.4.4.3
(τὰ ζυγά 2.10.4
); κατὰ ζυγόν line with line, Plb.1.45.9;κατ' ἄνδρα καὶ ζ. Id.3.81.2
; esp. front rank, Ael.Tact.7.1, Arr.Tact.8.1; also of the Chorus, Poll.4.108.IX ζυγὰ ἢ ἄζυγα even or odd, a game, Sch.Ar.Pl. 817.X measure of land, SIG963.13 (Amorgos, iv B.C.). -
33 καπρία
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34 κατείργω
Aκατέϝοργον Inscr.Cypr.135.1
H.:—also [suff] κατειλ-έργνυμι (v. infr.), [dialect] Att. also [full] καθείργω, [full] καθείργνυμι (q.v.): [tense] fut. - είρξω, [dialect] Ion. - έρξω:—drive into, shut in, ; κατεργνῦσι [αὐτοὺς] ἐς μέσα τὰ φρύγανα shut them up into the middle of the fire-wood, Id.4.69: generally, press hard, reduce to straits,κατέργοντες πολλὸν τοὺς Ἀθηναίους Id.6.102
; besiege, πτόλιν Inscr.Cypr.l.c.:—[voice] Pass., to be hemmed in, kept down,ὑπὸ τοῦ δυνατωτέρου Th.1.76
;ὑπ' ἀνάγκης D.H.6.2
; ὅρκοις -ειργόμενοι ib.45; τὸ πολέμῳ καὶ δεινῷ τινι -ειργόμενον what is done under stress of.., Th.4.98.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κατείργω
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35 κάτοχος
A holding down,γῆ Tab.Defix.101.1
(iv B.C.); κ. λίθοι, of sepulchral stones, Hsch.; κ. alone, tombstone, IG3.1425a; also, οἰκουμένης κ., of ocean, Secund.Sent.2.2 holding fast, ;δεσμοί Plu.2.321d
; φάρμακα κ. τῶν ἐμβρύων drugs which prevent miscarriage, Aët. 16.21; retentive, of memory, Plu. Cat.Mi.1; secure,κτῆσις κ. καὶ βέβαιος D.H.Isoc.9
.3 possessing, inspiring,Μοῦσα Asp.
ap. Ath.5.219d; in magic, inhibiting,Ἑρμῆς Tab.Defix.89.2
(iv B.C.), al.II [voice] Pass., kept down, held fast,κάτοχ' ἀμαυροῦσθαι σκότῳ A.Pers. 223
(troch.); overpowered, overcome, (anap.); subject, (lyr.).2 possessed, inspired,δαίμονί τινι Arist.Mir. 846b24
;τῷ Σαβαζίῳ Iamb.Myst. 3.9
;ἐκ θεοῦ Plu.Rom.19
, etc.;ἐκ τοῦ θείου Arr.An.4.13.5
;ἐκ Μουσῶν Luc.Hist.Conscr.8
;ἐξ Ἄρεως Polyaen.1.20
;ἐκ πυξίου Luc.Ind. 15
;στροφὴν ὁλοσώματον ὥσπερ οἱ κ. δινεύοντες Hld.4.17
, cf. 8.11, 10.9; also perh. of cloistered worshippers, recluses,οἱ κ. οὐρανίου Διός OGI262.25
(Baetocaece, iii A.D.), cf. CIG4475 (ibid., iii A.D.): abs., Cleanth.Stoic.1.123; ἐν ἱεροῖς κ. Vett. Val.73.24.b suffering from catalepsy, Id.9.189.2 bandage, Gal.18(1).785.3 inhibitory spell, PMag.Par.1.1052, 2.162, Tab.Defix.Aud.187.55.4 pl., processes on the second cervical vertebra, Poll.2.132.IV Adv. κατόχως retentively, of the memory, Hermipp.21.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κάτοχος
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36 κημός
A muzzle, put on a led horse, to prevent it from biting, X.Eq.5.3, AP6.246 (Phld. or Marc. Arg.): pl., cj.in Ph.1.698: metaph., κημοὺς στόματος muzzles or gags, A. Fr. 125.2 nose-bag for horses, Hsch.4 = φορβειά, Phot.III a female ornament, Hsch., Phot. -
37 μηνιγγοφύλαξ
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μηνιγγοφύλαξ
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38 οὐ
οὐ, the negative ofA fact and statement, as μή of will and thought; οὐ denies, μή rejects; οὐ is absolute, μή relative; οὐ objective, μή subjective. —The same differences hold for all compds. of οὐ and μή, and some examples of οὐδέ and οὐδείς are included below.—As to the Form, v. infr. G.A USAGE.I as the negative of single words,II as the negative of the sentence.I οὐ adhering to single words so as to form a quasi-compd. with them:—with Verbs: οὐ δίδωμι withhold, Il.24.296; οὐκ εἰῶ prevent, 2.132, 4.55, al.; οὐκ ἐθέλω refuse, 1.112, 3.289, al.; οὔ φημι deny, 7.393, 23.668, al. (In most of these uses μή can replace οὐ when the constr. requires it, e.g.εἰ μή φησι ταῦτα ἀληθῆ εἶναι Lycurg.34
; but sts. οὐ is retained,εἰ δ' ἂν.. οὐκ ἐθέλωσιν Il.3.289
;εἰ δέ κ'.. ου'κ εἰῶσι 20.139
;ἐὰν οὐ φάσκῃ Lys.13.76
; ἐάντε.. οὐ (v.l. μή)φῆτε ἐάντε φῆτε Pl. Ap. 25b
):—with Participles:οὐκ ἐθέλων Il.4.224
, 300, 6.165, etc.:— with Adjectives:οὐκ ἀέκοντε 5.366
, 768, al.;οὐ πολλήν Th.6.7
, etc.:— with Adverbs:οὐχ ἥκιστα Id.1.68
, etc.: rarely with Verbal Nouns (v. infr. 11.10).—On the use of οὐ in contrasts, v. infr. B.II as negativing the whole sentence,1 οὐ is freq. used alone, sts. with the ellipsis of a definite Verb, οὔκ (sc. ἀποκερῇ), ἄν γε ἐμοὶ πείθῃ Pl.Phd. 89b
: sts. as negativing the preceding sentence, Ar. Pax 850, X.HG1.7.19: as a Particle of solemn denial freq. with μά (q. v.) and the acc.; sts. withoutμά, οὐ τὸν πάντων θεῶν θεὸν πρόμον Ἅλιον S. OT 660
(lyr.), cf. 1088 (lyr.), El. 1063 (lyr.), Ant. 758.2 with ind. of statement,τὴν δ' ἐγὼ οὐ λύσω Il.1.29
, cf. 114, 495;οὐ φθίνει Κροίσου φιλόφρων ἀρετά Pi.P.1.94
; ;οὔ κεν.. ἔπαξε Pi.N.7.25
;οὐκ ἂν ὑπεξέφυγε Il.8.369
.3 with subj. in [tense] fut. sense, only in [dialect] Ep., ; , cf. 11.387.4 with opt. in potential sense (without ἄν or κεν), also [dialect] Ep., , 20.286.5 with opt. andἄν, κείνοισι δ' ἂν οὔ τις.. μαχέοιτο 1.271
, cf. 301, 2.250, Hdt. 6.63, A.Pr. 979, S.Aj. 155 (anap.), E.IA 310, Ar.Ach. 403, etc.6 in dependent clauses οὐ is used,a with ὅτι or ὡς, after Verbs of saying, knowing, and showing,ἐκ μέν τοι ἐρέω.. ὡς ἐγὼ οὔ τι ἑκὼν κατερύκομαι Od.4.377
, cf. S.El. 561, D.2.8, etc.: so with ind. or opt. andἄν, ἀπελογοῦντο ὡς οὐκ ἄν ποτε οὕτω μωροὶ ἦσαν X.HG5.4.22
, cf. Pl.R. 330a; , cf. X.Cyr.1.1.3, etc.: with opt. representing ind. in orat. obliq.,ἔλεξε παιδὶ σῷ.. ὡς.. Ἕλληνες οὐ μενοῖεν A.Pers. 358
, cf. S.Ph. 346, Th.1.38, X.HG6.1.1, Pl.Ap. 22b, etc.: for μή in such sentences, v. μή B. 3.b in all causal sentences, and in temporal and Relat. sentences unless there is conditional or final meaning,χωσαμένη, ὅ οἱ οὔ τι θαλύσια.. ῥέξε Il.9.534
;ἄχθεται ὅτι οὐ κάρτα θεραπεύεται Hdt.3.80
;διότι οὐκ ἦσαν δίκαι, οὐ δυνατοὶ ἦμεν παρ' αὐτῶν ἃ ὤφειλον πράξασθαι Lys.17.3
;μή με κτεῖν', ἐπεὶ οὐχ ὁμογάστριος Ἕκτορός εἰμι Il.21.95
, etc.;νῦν δὲ ἐπειδὴ οὐκ ἐθέλεις.., εἶμι Pl.Prt. 335c
;ἐπειδὴ τὸ χωρίον οὐχ ἡλίσκετο Th.1.102
; , etc.: in causal relative sentences,οἵτινές σε οὐχὶ ἐσώσαμεν Pl.Cri. 46a
; esp. in the combinations, οὐκ ἔστιν ὅστις οὐ .., as , cf. Hec. 298;οὔτις ἔσθ' ὃς οὔ S.Aj. 725
; οὐδείς ἐστιν ὅστις οὐ .. Isoc. 15.180.c after ὥστε with ind. or opt. withἄν, ὥστ' οὐ δυνατόν σ' εἵργειν ἔσται Ar.V. 384
, cf. S.Aj.98, OT 411;οὕτως αὐτοὺς ἀγαπῶμεν.. ὥστε.. οὐκ ἂν ἐθελήσαιμεν Isoc.8.45
;οὐκ ἂν ὡρκίζομεν αὐτὸν ὥστε τῆς εἰρήνης ἂν διημαρτήκει καὶ οὐκ ἂν ἀμφότερ' εἶχε D.18.30
: ὥστε οὐ with inf. is almost invariably due to orat. obliq., ὥστ' οὐκ αἰσχύνεσθαι (for οὐκ αἰσχύνονται) Id.19.308, cf. Th.5.40, 8.76, Lys.18.6, Is.11.27 (cj. Reiske).—Rarely not in orat. obliq., S.El. 780, E. Ph. 1358, Hel. 108, D.53.2,9.48.7 in a conditional clause μή is necessary, except,a in Hom., when the εἰ clause precedes the apodosis and the verb is indic.,εἰ δέ μοι οὐκ ἐπέεσσ' ἐπιπείσεται Il. 15.162
, cf. 178, 20.129, 24.296, Od.2.274, Il.4.160, Od.12.382, 13.144 (9.410 is an exception).b when the εἰ clause is really causal, as after Verbs expressing surprise or emotion,μὴ θαυμάσῃς, εἰ πολλὰ τῶν εἰρημένων οὐ πρέπει σοι Isoc.1.44
;κατοικτῖραι.., εἰ.. οὐδεὶς ἐς ἑκατοστὸν ἔτος περιέσται Hdt.7.46
, cf. S.Aj. 1242; so alsoδεινὸν γὰρ ἂν εἴη πρῆγμα, εἰ Σάκας μὲν καταστρεψάμενοι δούλους ἔχομεν, Ἕλληνας δὲ οὐ τιμωρησόμεθα Hdt.7.9
, cf. And.1.102, Lys.20.8 (prob.), D.8.55;οὐκ αἰσχρόν, εἰ τὸ μὲν Ἀργείων πλῆθος οὐκ ἐφοβήθη τὴν Λακεδαιμονίων ἀρχήν, ὑμεῖς δ' ὄντες Ἀθηναῖοι βάρβαρον ἄνθρωπον.. φοβήσεσθε
;Id.
15.23, cf. Hdt.5.97, Lys.22.13.c when οὐ belongs closely to the next word (v. A. I), or is quoted unchanged,εἰ, ὡς νῦν φήσει, οὐ παρεσκευάσατο D.54.29
codd.; εἰ δ' οὐκέτ' ἐστί (sc. ὥσπερ λέγεις), τίνι τρόπῳ διεφθάρη
;E.
Ion 347.8 οὐ is used with inf. in orat. obliq., when it represents the ind. of orat. recta,φαμὲν δέ οἱ οὐ τελέεσθαι Od.4.664
, cf. Il.17.174, 21.316, S.Ph. 1389, etc.;λέγοντες οὐκ εἶναι αὐτόνομοι Th.1.67
, cf. Pl.R. 348c, X.Cyr.1.6.18;οἶμαι.. οὐκ ὀλίγον ἔργον αὐτὸ εἶναι Pl.R. 369b
, cf. S.OT 1051, Th.1.71, etc.; ἡγήσαντο ἡμᾶς οὐ περιόψεσθαι ib.39. (For the occasional use of μή, v. μή B. 5c; sts. we have οὐ and μή in consecutive clauses,οἶμαι σοῦ κάκιον οὐδὲν ἂν τούτων κρατύνειν μηδ' ἐπιθύνειν χερί S.Ph. 1058s
q.;αὐτὸ ἡγοῦμαι οὐ διδακτὸν εἶναι μηδὲ.. παρασκευαστόν Pl.Prt. 319b
.)9 οὐ is used with the part., when it can be resolved into a finite sentence with οὐ, as after Verbs of knowing and showing, ; . 3; , etc.; or into a causal sentence,τῶν βαρβάρων οἱ πολλοὶ ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ διεφθάρησαν νέειν οὐκ ἐπιστάμενοι Hdt.8.89
;τὴν Μένδην πόλιν ἅτε οὐκ ἀπὸ ξυμβάσεως ἀνοιχθεῖσαν διήρπασαν Th.4.130
; or into a concessive sentence, , cf. S.Ph. 377, etc.: regularly with ὡς and part., , etc.;ἐθορυβεῖτε ὡς οὐ ποιήσοντες ταῦτα Lys.12.73
, cf. S.Ph. 884, Aj. 682, Hdt.7.99, Th.1.2,5,28,68,90; , cf. Th.8.1, Isoc.4.11:—for exceptions, v. μή B. 6.b when the part. is used with the Art., μή is generally used, unless there is a distinct reference to a fact, when οὐ is occasionally found,ἡμεῖς δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς οὐκ οὔσης ἔτι [πόλεως] ὁρμώμενοι Th.1.74
;τοὺς ἐν τῇ πόλει οὐδὲν εἰδότας Id.4.111
;οἱ οὐκ ἐθέλοντες Antipho 6.26
;τῶν οὐ βουλομένων And.1.9
; , cf. τὸν οὐδὲ συμπενθῆσαι τὰς τῆς πατρίδος συμφορὰς τολμήσαντα (preceded by τὸν.. μήτε ὅπλα θέμενον ὑπὲρ τῆς πατρίδος μήτε τὸ σῶμα παρασχόντα κτλ.) Lycurg.43;τὸ οὐχ εὑρημένον Pl.R. 427e
.10 Adjectives and abstract Substantives with the article commonly take μή (v.μή B. 7
) but οὐ is occasionally used,τὰς οὐκ ἀναγκαίας πόσεις X.Lac.5.4
;τοὺς οὐδένας E.IA 371
; (whereas ὁ μηδείς, τὸ μηδέν is the rule); τὴν τῶν γεφυρῶν οὐ διάλυσιν the non- dissolution of the bridges, the fact of their notbeing broken up, Th.1.137;ἡ οὐ περιτείχισις Id.3.95
;ἡ τῶν χωρίων οὐκ ἀπόδοσις Id.5.35
, cf.E. Hipp. 196 (anap.); so without the article,ἐν οὐ καιπῷ Id.Ba. 1287
; οὐ πάλης ὕπο ib. 455.12 in questions οὐ ordinarily expects a positive answer, οὔ νυ καὶ ἄλλοι ἔασι ..; Il.10.165; οὐχ ὁράᾳς ..; dost thou not see? Od.17.545;οὐκ.. ᾐσθόμην
;A.
Pr. 956: so as a strong form of imper., ;E.
Ion 524; ;Din.
1.18; ;Ar.
Ach. 484; βάλλε, βάλλε folld. by οὐ βαλεῖς; οὐ βαλεῖς; ib. 281 and 283, cf. S.Ant. 885: also with opt. and ἄν, οὐκ ἂν δὴ τόνδ' ἄνδρα μάχης ἐρύσαιο ( = ἔρυσαι) ; Il.5.456; οὐκ ἂν φράσειας ( = φράσον) ; S.Ph. 1222; but in questions introduced by οὐ δή, οὐ δή του, οὔ που, οὔ τί που, a doubt is implied of the statement involved, and an appeal is made to the hearers, οὐ δή ποθ' ἡμῖν ξυγγενὴς ἥκεις ποθέν; surely you are not..? Id.El. 1202, cf. Ph. 900; οὔ τί που οὗτος Ἀπόλλων ..; Pi.P.4.87, cf. S.Ph. 1233, E.IA 670, Hel. 135, Ion 1113, Ar.Ra. 522, 526.B POSITION. οὐ is generally put immediately before the word which it negatives,οὐκ ἐκεῖνον ἐθεώμην.—ἀλλὰ τίνα μήν ; ἔφη ὁ Τιγράνης X.Cyr.3.1.41
; ;οὐ διὰ τὸ μὴ ἀκοντίζειν οὐκ ἔβαλον αὐτὸν ἀλλὰ διὰ τὸ μηδενὶ ὑπὸ τὸ ἀκόντιον ὑπελθεῖν Antipho 3.4.6
: in Poetry the position is freq. more free,κίνδυνος ἄναλκιν οὐ φῶτα λαμβάνει Pi.O.1.81
; οὐ ψεύδεϊ τέγξω λόγον ib. 4.19; κατακρύπτει δ' οὐ κόνις ib.8.79;χρὴ πρὸς θεὸν οὐκ ἐρίζειν Id.P. 2.88
: sts. emphatically at the end of the clause,καὶ τοὶ γὰρ αἰθοίσας ἔχοντες σπέρμ' ἀνέβαν φλογὸς οὔ Id.O.7.48
;ταρβήσει γὰρ οὔ S.Aj. 545
: in clauses opposed by μέν and δέ the οὐ (or μή) is freq. placed at the end,βούλονται μέν, δύνανται δ' οὔ Th.6.38
;οὗτος δ' ἦν καλὸς μέν, μέγας δ' οὔ X.An.4.4.3
;ἔδοξέ μοι ὁ ἀνὴρ δοκεῖν μὲν εἶναι σοφὸς.., εἶναι δ' οὔ Pl.Ap. 21c
; soτὸ Πέρσας μὲν λέληθε, ἡμέας μέντοι οὔ Hdt.1.139
: freq. withὁ μὲν.. ὁ δέ, οὐ πάσας χρὴ τὰς δόξας τιμᾶν, ἀλλὰ τὰς μέν, τὰς δ' οὔ Pl.Cri. 47a
, cf. Ap. 24e, R. 475b, etc.;Λέριοι κακοί, οὐχ ὁ μέν, ὃς δ' οὔ Phoc.1
: sts. in the first clause afterμέν, οἱ δὲ στρατηγοὶ ἐξῆγον μὲν οὔ, συνεκάλεσαν δέ X.An.6.4.20
, cf. 4.8.2, Cyr.1.4.10, Pl.Phd. 73b;κατώρα πᾶν μὲν οὒ τὸ στρατόπεδον Hdt.7.208
.C ACCUMULATION. A simple neg. (οὐ or μή) is freq. repeated in composition with Prons., Advbs., or Conjs., as οὐδείς or μηδείς, οὐδέ or μηδέ, οὐδαμῶς or μηδαμῶς, first in Hom., ;ἀλλ' οὔ μοι Τρώων τόσσον μέλει ἄλγος ὀπίσσω οὔτ' αὐτῆς Ἑκάβης οὔτε Πριάμοιο ἄνακτος 6.450
; : the first neg. may be a compd.,καθεύδων οὐδεὶς οὐδενὸς ἄξιος οὐδὲν μᾶλλον τοῦ μὴ ζῶντος Pl. Lg. 808b
; (similarly with μή, Phdr. 236e): or a neg. Adj., ; οὐ follows the compd. neg.,οὐδ' εἰ πάντες ἔλθοιεν Πέρσαι, πλήθει γε οὐχ ὑπερβαλοίμεθ' ἂν τοὺς πολεμίους X. Cyr.2.1.8
; οὐδ' ἂν ἡ πόλις ἄρα ([etym.] ὅπερ ἄρτι ἐλέγομεν )ὅλη τοιοῦτον ποιῇ, οὐκ ἐπαινέσῃ Pl.R. 426b
, cf. Smp. 204a: sts. a confirmative Particle accompanies the first οὐ or οὐδέ, and the neg. is repeated with emphasis,οὐδὲ μὲν οὐδέ μ' ἔασκες Il.19.295
;οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ Δρύαντος υἱὸς.. δὴν ἧν 6.130
, v. οὐδέ C. 11; : so also in Trag. and [dialect] Att. without any such Particle, οὐ σμικρός, οὔχ, ἁγὼν ὅδε not small, no, is this struggle, S.OC 587;θεοῖς τέθνηκεν οὗτος, οὐ κείνοισιν, οὔ Id.Aj. 970
, cf.Ar.Ra.28, 1308, X.Smp. 2.4, Pl.R. 390c.2 when the compd. neg. precedes and the simple neg. follows with the Verb, the opposing negs. produce an emphatic positive, οὐδεὶς ἀνθρώπων ἀδικῶν τίσιν οὐκ ἀποτείσει Orac. ap. Hdt.5.56; (but prob. f.l.);οὐδεὶς οὐκ ἔπασχέ τι X.Smp.1.9
.3 similarly each of two simple negs. may retain its negating force,ὥσπερ οὐ διὰ πρᾳότητα καὶ ἀσχολίαν τὴν ὑμετέραν οὐ δεδωκὼς ὑμῖν δίκην Lys.6.34
;ἐγὼ δ' οὐκ οἶμαι.. οὐ δεῖν ὑμᾶς ἀμύνεσθαι Id.13.52
(similarly with μή, D.19.77): sts. a combination of a μέν- clause with a δέ- clause containing οὐ is negatived as a whole by a preceding οὐ, e.g.οὐ γὰρ δήπου Κτησιφῶντα μὲν δύναται διώκειν δι' ἐμέ, ἐμὲ δέ, εἴπερ ἐξελέγξειν ἐνόμιζεν, αὐτὸν οὐκ ἂν ἐγράψατο Id.18.13
.D PLEONASM OF οὐ: after Verbs of denying, doubting, and disputing, folld. by ὡς or ὅτι with a finite Verb, οὐ is inserted to show the neg. character of the statement, where in Engl. the neg. is not required, , cf. Th.1.77, X.HG2.3.16, Smp.2.12, Isoc.5.57, etc.;οὐδεὶς ἂν τολμήσειεν ἀντειπεῖν ὡς οὐ τὴν μὲν ἐμπειρίαν μᾶλλον τῶν ἄλλων ἔχομεν Id.6.48
, cf. And.4.34, D.16.4, etc.; ;ἀρνεῖσθαι ὅτι οὐ παρῆν X.Ath.2.17
; οὐδ' αὐτὸς ὁ Λάμπις ἔξαρνος ἐγένετο ὡς οὐκ εἴη εἰρηκὼς κτλ. D.34.49;ἀμφισβητεῖν ὡς οὐχὶ.. δοτέον δίκην Pl.Euthphr.8c
, cf. R. 476d, Prm. 135a; ἀπιστεῖν ὅτι οὐ .. Id.Men. 89d;ἀνέλπιστον καταστῆσαί τισιν ὡς οὐκ ἔσται μεταγνῶναι Th. 3.46
: οὐ is sts. thus used in the second member of a negative comparative sentence,ἥκει ὁ Πέρσης οὐδέν τι μᾶλλον ἐπ' ἡμέας ἢ οὐ καὶ ἐπ' ὑμέας Hdt.4.118
, cf. 5.94, 7.16.γ, Th.2.62,3.36: after πλήν, X.Lac. 15.6, D.18.45.E OMISSION OF οὐ: οὐ is sts. omitted, esp. by Poets, when it may be supplied from the next clause, ;σιδήρῳ οὐδ' ἀργύρῳ χρέωνται οὐδέν Hdt.1.215
;ῥοδιακὴ οὖς οὐδὲ πυθμένα οὐκ ἔχουσα Inscr.Délos 313a84
(iii B. C.).F in Poetry, if ἤ stands before οὐ, the two sounds coalesce into one syllable, as inἦ οὐχ Il.5.349
, cf. Od.1.298; so, in [dialect] Att., , etc., and ἐγὼ οὔτε ib. 332, .—This synizesis is general in [dialect] Ep., universal in [dialect] Att.G FORM. οὐ is used before consonants (including the digamma, e.g. before ἕθεν, οἱ, e(, Il.1.114, 2.392, 24.214, but not before ὅς Possess.,οὐχ ᾧ πατρί Od.13.265
, cf.οὐκ ἐπέεσσι Il.15.162
, etc.); οὐκ before vowels with spir. lenis, οὐχ before vowels with spir. asper; in our text of Hdt. οὐκ is used before all vowels (prob. because Hdt. had no spir. asper): the [dialect] Ep. form οὐκί [ῐ] is used by Hom. mostly at the end of a clause and at the close of the verse,ὅς τ' αἴτιος ὅς τε καὶ οὐκί Il.15.137
;ἠὲ καὶ οὐκί 2.238
, 300,al.; but in the middle of a verse, 20.255; οὐχί [ῐ] is found twice in Hom., Il.15.716, 16.762, and is common in Trag., where it is freq. employed like οὔ emphatic (supr. B), ;A.
Ag. 273,Fr. 310; ;Id.
Supp. 918, Ar. Pax 1027;ἐμὸς μὲν οὐχί E.IA 859
: also in Prose, Th.1.120,al., 1 Ep.Cor. 5.12, etc.: the diphthong is genuine and always written ου ( ουκ, ουδε, etc.) in early Inscrr., IG12.10.22, etc.; in iv B.C. rarely written οκ, ib. 22.1635.112,116,121; οὐ abbreviated ο, Suid.s.v. Φιλοξένου γραμμάτιον.H ACCENTUATION. οὐ is oxytone acc. to Hdn.Gr.1.494 (text doubtfulin 504): Arist.SE 166b6, referring to Il.23.328 τὸ μὲν ου (i.e. οὐ = οὒ) καταπύθεται ὄμβρῳ, says λύουσι.. τῇ προσῳδίᾳ λέγοντες τὸ ου ὀξύτερον (i.e. οὗ), cf. 178b3. In codd. the word is written oxytone when folld. by a pause (v. supr. B), and is usu. written without any accent in other cases.I οὐ in connexion with other Particles will be found in alphabetical order, οὐ γάρ, οὐ μή, etc.—The corresponding forms of μή should be compared. -
39 παρακρατέω
A detain, keep wailing, τινα App.Hisp.35 ; restrain, Arr.Epict.3.7.28 ; τρίχας ῥεούσας π. prevent the hair from falling off, Dsc.4.134; retain,τὰ ἐν τῇ γαστρί Ruf.Anat.42
:—[voice] Pass., to be held in check, M.Ant. 11.20, Apollod. Poliorc. 183.1.2 compress, squeeze, Dsc.Eup.1.8 ([voice] Pass.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παρακρατέω
-
40 παυσικάπη
A projecting collar worn by slaves while grinding corn or kneading bread, to prevent them from eating any of the ἄλφιτα, Ar.Fr. 302, cf. Ael. Dion.Fr. 276 ; also by animals, Suid.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παυσικάπη
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