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21 ἐπῴχατο
Grammatical information: v.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [?? 1130?; wrong 73] *h₂u̯eig- `open'Etymology: Perhaps with Wackernagel Gött. Nachr. 1902, 737ff. = Kl. Schr. 1, 127ff. (Syntax 2, 183) 3. sg. med. plusquamperf. of ἐπ-οιγνύναι meaning `close' with aspiration of the velar (Schwyzer 771). On th meaning cf. esp. ( την θύραν) προσέῳξεν `he shut' (LXX Ge. 19, 6); further Wackernagel l. c. where also on ἐπώχατο (from ἔχω, on the basis of less good reading). - S. also Bechtel Lex. s. οἴγνυμι. Cf. DELG.Page in Frisk: 1,546Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐπῴχατο
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22 ἐρῑνεός
ἐρῑνεόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `wild fig-tree, Ficus caprificus' (Il., Hes., Arist.), (opposite συκῆ; cf. Strömberg Theophrastea 166 n. 1).Other forms: ἐρινός m. (Stratt., Theoc., Delos etc.; cf. ἀδελφεός: - φός), Att. also ἐρινεώς (Delos, Com.; after other tree-names in - εώς; Wackernagel Akzent 32 n. 1 = Kl. Schr. 2, 1101 n. 1)Derivatives: ἐρινεόν, - νόν `wild fig' (Com., Arist., Thphr.); to ἐριν(ε)ός: - ν(ε)όν Wackernagel Syntax 2, 17, Schwyzer-Debrunner 30; ἐρινάς f. = ἐρινεός (Nic.; like κοτινάς a. o.; Chantraine Formation 353); adjective ἐρίνεος, - νοῦς `belonging to a fig-tree' (Epich., E.), ἐρινεώδης `full of fig-trees' (Str.); denomin. verb ἐρινάζω `caprificate (?, see LSJ) with ἐρινασμός (Thphr.); hang branches of wild fig near the cultivated one so that insects will bring over pollen(s) (see Thpr. s.v. ψήν; Perpillou RPh 71 (1997) 160, who adds: "le figuier sauvage serait alors le figuier-bouc, fécondateur considéré le mâpe de l'espèce" which is hardly understandable as an etymol.)Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Uncertain. Recalling Messen. (Paus. 4, 20, 2) τράγος = ἐρινεός and Lat. caprifīcus, Prellwitz BB 22, 284f. wants to start from an old word for `he-goat', which is found (also) in ἔριφος, s. v. Acc. to Chantraine Formation 203 and Schwyzer 491 however Pre-Greek (who compares κότινος `wild olive'; cf. also ὄλυνθος `wild fig').Page in Frisk: 1,558-559Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐρῑνεός
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23 θεός
Grammatical information: m. f.Meaning: `god, goddess' (Il.);Compounds: myk. te-o. Very often in compp., e. g. ἄ-θεος, θεο-ειδής; θεόσ-δοτος after Διόσ-δοτος; on the form θεσ- s. θέσκελος, θέσπις. On θεσ- as magnifying prefix in MoGr. Georgakas Άθ. 46, 97ff.Derivatives: 1. θεά f. `goddess' (ep.; details in Lommel Femininbildungen 13f., also Wackernagel Syntax 2, 25; on θεά and fem. θεός in Hom. s. Humbach Münch. Stud. zur Sprachwiss. 7, 46ff.). 2. θέαιναι pl. `goddesses' (after τέκταιναι a. o.; in Hom. as metr. filling; not with Chantraine REGr. 47, 287 n. 1 archaic form; further Schwyzer 475 w. n. 7). 3. θεῖος `divine' (Il.; cf. below) with θειώδως adv. (pap.), θειότης `godliness' (LXX, NT, Plu.), θειάζω `prophesy, honour as god' (Th.), also with prefix, e. g. ἐπι-θειάζω `swear in the name of the gods' with ( ἐπι-)θειασμός (Th.) 4. θεϊκός `id.' (late). 5. Denomin. verb θεόω, - όομαι `make to a god, become a god' (Call.), mostly with prefix, e. g. ἀπο-θεόω `id.' (pap., Plb., Plu.) with ἀποθέωσις (Str.).Etymology: The connection with Arm. di-k` pl. `gods' (Bartholomae BB 17, 348) seems probable; further to Lat. fēriae `festive days', fēstus `feastly, fānum `temple', s. W.-Hofmann s. vv.; to Skt. dhíṣṇiya- Mayrhofer KEWA s. dhiṣáṇā. Arm. di-k` would come from IE * dhēs-es, and θεός could be *dhĕs-ós; cf. θέσ-κελος; θεῖος then from *θέσ-ι̯ος (Schwyzer 467). The ē: ĕ go back on * dheh₁s-: * dhh₁s-; this explains also the Latin forms, e.g. fānum \< * fasnom \< * dʰh₁s-nom; thus Rix, Kratylos XIV (1969) [1972] 179f. - The etymology as *θϜεσ-ός with Lith. dvasià `spirit', MHG getwās `ghost' (s. on θεῖον) can be abandoned; there is no trace of the F in Greek and it is impossible in the Armenian word.Page in Frisk: 1,662-663Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θεός
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24 θέω 1
θέω 1.Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `run' (Il.).Other forms: fut. θεύσομαι (on the diathesis Wackernagel Syntax 1, 134), ipf. θέεσκον, later aor. θεῦσαι (Vett. Val.),Derivatives: θεῦσις `running' (Corn. ND 1), θοός `quick' (Il.) with Θόας, - αντος PN, also river name (Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforschung 2, 236; 3, 162), Θόωσα f. PN (Od., Emp.; Schwyzer 526); θοάζω `bring in quick movement, move quickly' (E.) with θόασμα `dancing place' (Orph. H. 49, 6). On βοηθόος, - θέω s. v.Etymology: The thematic root present θέ(Ϝ)ω (cf. θεῦ δεῦρο, τρέχε H. and Specht KZ 67, 219) is identical with Skt. dhavate `stream, flow' except for the diathesis. Skt. dhā́vati `run, stream' with lengthened grade has no correspondent in Greek, as ep. θείη (foll. Schulze Q. 277 for *θή(Ϝ)η) and θείειν have metr. lengthening, and the latter can stand for *θε(Ϝ)έμεν (cf. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 102; 346; 492). - Uncertain remains the Germanic word for `dew', OHG tou m., OWNo. dǫgg, gen. dǫggwar, PGm. *dau(u̯)a-, -ō, IE *dhóu̯o-, -ā́ (would be Gr. *θό(Ϝ)ος, *θο(Ϝ)ή) Unclear also ἄδδεε ἐπείγου H. (Phrygian?; Hoffmann BB 25, 180). On Illyrian and other river names s. Pok. 260. Older lit. in Bq.Page in Frisk: 1,668-669Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θέω 1
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25 θύον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: name of a tree, of which the wood was burned for its good fragrance, `life-tree' (ε 60, hell.). `Callitris quadrivalvis'. DELG also gives Juniperus foetidissimus (s.v. θύω 2).Derivatives: θυῖον `resin' (Thphr.)Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: One suggests a primary deriv. of 2. θύω; cf. Wackernagel Syntax 2, 17. S. 2. θύω. The relation of these forms is not clear to me; it seems not very probable that two distinct trees had nearly identical names.Page in Frisk: 1,694Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θύον
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26 κύριος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `lord, ruler, possessor', adj. (m. f. n.) `ruling, deciding, entitled to, decided' (posthom.), f. κυρία `(lady) who rules' (hell.).Derivatives: κυρία (from κυρι-ία; cf. κυρεία from κυριεύω below) f. `rule, possession' (Arist., hell.), κυριότης f. `lordship, rule' (christ. lit.); κυριακός `belonging to the lord (= Christ), to the emperor' (Empire); κυριεύω `be, become lord, possess, get power' (X., Arist.) with κυριεία, κυρεία (Schwyzer 194) `possession, proprietary rights' (hell.), κυριευτικός, Adv. - κῶς `regarding the prop. rights' (pap.). - κυρωθῆναι, act. κυρῶσαι, κυρόω `become, make rightful' (IA.) with κύρωσις `ratification' (Th., Pl.), κυρωτής `who ratifies' (Att. inscr.); backformation κῦρος n. `authority, confirmation' (IA.) - ἄκῡρος `without authority, unvalid' (Att.) with ἀκυρόω `make unvalid' (Din., hell.), from where ἀκύρωσις, - ωτος with - ωσία (late).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [592] *ḱeuh₂- `swell, strong'Etymology: Like e.g. ἄν-υδρ-ος `without water' is based on ὕδωρ, ἄ-κῡρ-ος `without authority' supposes an r-stem, which is also seen in κύρ-ιος. Beside κύρ-ιος there may have been an ο-deriv. *κῦρ-ος, which would agree with Skt. śū́ra-, Av. sūra- `hero'; cf. the Skt. words for `sun', sū́r-ya- and sū́r-a- from súvar- n. (old l-stem, s. on ἥλιος). Cf. Schwyzer 727 n. 2; slightly different Wackernagel Syntax 2, 61 n. 1. From *κῦρος m. perhaps also κυρωθῆναι, κυρόω; but κυρ-ωθῆναι can be derived directly from the r-stem ( ἀνδρ-ωθῆναι: ἀνήρ). A trace of this r-stem shows ἔγ-κυαρ `pregnant' (Milet, VIa), from *κύαρ `foetus' (Kretschmer Glotta 8, 250). Other derivations: Skt. śávīra- `strong, powerful' (*ḱeuh₂-ro-), Celt., e.g. Gaul. Καυαρος, Welsh cawr `giant'; (uncertain Κυάρη ἡ Άθηνᾶ H.) - Further s. on κυέω.Page in Frisk: 2,53-54Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κύριος
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27 λελιημένος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `longing for' (Il., Emp., A. R.), late finite formen λελίη-το (A. R.), - σαι (Theoc., Orph.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Isolated perfectformation (cf. Wackernagel Syntax 1, 169 and Schwyzer 770), of old connected with λιλαίομαι, with λε-λιη-μένος as analogical after τε-τιη-μένος (Pedersen Litteris [Lund 1928] 5, 115 A. 1); other analysis by Meillet BSL 27, 230f. (s. W.-Hofmann s. lascīvus). - After Bechtel Lex. s. v. however to λῆν `will', with Solmsen KZ 44, 171 who also connects λιλαίομαι. Unconvincing, unclear.Page in Frisk: 2,103-104Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λελιημένος
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28 μέλος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `member', in older lit. only pl. `limbs' (Il.; cf. Wackernagel Syntax 1, 88), `(organized) tune, song, melody' (h. Hom. 19, 16, Thgn., Pi., IA.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. λυσι-μελής `limb-relaxing' (Od.), also with allusion to the μελεδήματα υ 57; s. Risch Eumusia. Festschr. Howald (1947) 87 f.; μελο-ποιός `poet of songs' with - έω, - ία (Att.), μελεσί-πτερος `with singing wings', of a cicada (AP; after the types ἑλκεσί-πεπλος, Schwyzer 443 f.).Derivatives: 1. Diminut.: μελύδριον `small song' (Ar., Theoc.), pl. - ια `poor limbs' (M. Ant.); μελίσκ(ι)ον `id.' (Alcm., Antiph.), s. Chantrame Form. 73 a. 406. 2. Adj. μελικός `lyric' (D. H., Plu.). 3. Adv. μεληδόν `part by part' (Poseidon.); on μελ(ε)ϊστί s. below. -- 4. Verbs: A. μελίζω 1. `analyse', also with δια-, ἐκ-, ἀπο- (Pherecyd. Hist., LXX). 2. `sing, sing of', also with δια-, ἀντι-(Pi., A., Theoc.). Further μελισμός ( δια-) `analysis' (Plu.), `song' (Str.), μέλισμα `song, melody' (Theoc., AP); μελικτάς (Theoc., Mosch.), - ιστής ( Anacreont.) `flute-player'; μελιστί `limb for limb' (J.), older form μελεϊστί (Hom.), prob. from *μελεΐζω, s. Bechtel Lex. s.v., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 250, Risch 310; cf. Schwyzer 440 w. n. 10, 623. -- B. μελεάζω `execute a recitative' (Nicom. Harm.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: On the double meaning `member' and `tune, song' cf. Ir. alt `member' and `poem' (s. also Diehl RhM 89, 88 a. 92 f.). I the sense of `member' μέλος has been replaced by synonymous terms like κῶλον, ἄρθρον. -- To judge by the structure old (cf. ἕδος, ἔπος, γένος a. o.). μέλος does not have an immediate agreement. Possible is however (with Fick. 2, 215) the comparison with a Celtic wor for `knuckle', Bret. mell, Corn. mal, pl. mellow, to which also Welsh cym-mal `articulus, iunctura, commissura', which can go back on PCelt. * melsā and relates then to μέλος as e.g. Skt. vats-á- `calf' to Ϝέτος `year' (s. v.). A velar enlargement has been supposed in Toch. AB mälk- `piece together, join', also in Hitt. malk- `implicate, twist together (?)' (v. Windekens Lex. étym. s.v. and Kronasser Studies Whatmough 121). -- Diff., certainly not better, Szemerényi AmJPh 72, 346ff.: to μολεῖν, μέλλω etc. -- Skt. márman- n. `weak (deathly?) place of the body' and Balt., e.g. Lith. melmuõ `cross(?) of the body, backbone', pl. mélmenys `meat parts surrounding the kidneys', (Fick 1, 109 a. 2, 215), must be rejected; s. Porzig IF 42, 254f. and Fraenkel IF 59, 153ff (Wb. s. mélmenys). Very doubtful Koller, Glotta 43 (1965)24-38.Page in Frisk: 2,203-204Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέλος
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29 μέτα
Grammatical information: adv. and prep. (w. gen., dat. a. acc.)Meaning: `in the midst, after; between, with' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. metaEtymology: Without exact agreement outside Greek. Very similar is Germ., e.g. Goth. miÞ, ONord. með, OHG mit(i) `with, among' \< IE *met(í) or medhi (to μέσος?); Gr. -( τ)α could be an innovation after κατά, ἀνά, διά etc. A similar element is found often in Illyrian names: Metu-barbis, Met-apa, Μετ-άπιοι (hellenized Μεσσά-πιοι; vgl. Kretschmer Glotta 30, 162ff., 165f.), further also Alb. mjet `middle' (Porzig Gliederung 151 with Krahe). Cognate are further μέχρι (s. v.), prob. also μέσος. Details in Schwyzer 622 a. 629, Schwyzer-Debrunner 481 ff.; for the development of the meaning esp. Wackernagel Syntax 2, 241ff. Quite diff. Hahn Lang. 18, 83 ff.: to IE * sem- in εἷς etc.; not convincing. -- Here τὰ μέταζε `afterwards' (Hes. Op. 394 after Hdn. a. o.; τὰ μεταξύ codd.) with - ζε as in θύρα-ζε a. o.; usually and old μεταξύ adv. `in the midst, between' (Il.), late also `afterwards'; from μετα + ξυ(ν)?; Schwyzer 633 asking, Ruipérez Emer. 20, 197. -- Instead and beside μετά some dial. (Aeol., Dor., Arc.) use πεδά (s. v.).Page in Frisk: 2,216Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέτα
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30 μετανάστης
μετανάστης, - ουGrammatical information: m.Meaning: On the meaning below; in Hom. only in ἀτίμητον μετανάστην (I 648 = P 59); posthom. `migrant, emigrant, fugitive' (Hdt. 7, 161 of the Athenians, Arat., Ph., pap.), f. - στις (Ph.) and - στρια (AP; like ἀγύρτης: ἀγύρτρια etc.); adj. μετανάστ-ιος `migrating, wandering' (AP, Nonn.), verb μεταναστ-εύω, - εύομαι `drive out, wander out, flee' (LXX, Str., Ph.).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Already by Hdt. and his contemporaries understood as `wanderer' and as μετ-ανά-στη-ς connected with μετ-ανα-στῆ-ναι, μετ-ανάστασις `move, amigrate', resp. `removal, emigration' (Hdt., Th., Hp.), an interpretation, which J. Schmidt Pluralbild. 346 f. with Eust. a. o. (s. Schulze KZ 33, 137 = Kl. Schr. 372) with general approval (Schulze l.c., Bechtel Lex. s.v., Fraenkel KZ 42, 262 a. Nom. ag. 1, 129, Schwyzer 424 a. 451) worked out further. It would then however with metric-rhythmically conditioned haplology stand for *μετανα-στά-της (Fraenkel Glotta 1, 270ff.; cf. ἐπι-, παρα-, προ-στά-της etc.); an old root-noun μετανά-στη-ς as Skt. ni-ṣṭhā́-s, prati-ṣṭhā́-s a. o. (Schmidt l.c.) has no immediate agreement in Greek. As however this apparently further convincing interpretation is in conflict with the Homer. use of μετά and ἀνίστασθαι, Wackernagel Syntax 2, 246f. went back with Funck Curt. Stud. 9, 134 to the explanation (already given in the Thes.) as μετα-νάσ-της, from *μετα-ναίω `live with' like μεταναιέ-της (Hes.), - τάω (h. Cer.) `who lives with, live with'. As old parallel formation to Att. μέτ-οικος, Arg. πεδά-Ϝοικος and to μετοικέται κατὰ μέσον οἰκοῦντες H. μετανάστης will originally and still in Hom. have meant `who lives with, who lives among others (as foreigner), inhabitant'. Because of the disappearance of the verbal form with - νασ- and the gradual advance of μετα- `around' against μετα- `with' μετανάστης was already in class. times associted with the living μεταναστῆναι, μετανά-στασις. -- The deviating view of Leumann, Hom. Wörter 183 w. n. 30, μετα-νάσ-της would prop. be `migrant, in-wandrer', from μετα-ναίω `move', has the same objections as the connection with μεταναστῆναι.Page in Frisk: 2,217-218Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μετανάστης
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31 μέταυλος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: attribut. to θύρα (Ar., Lys., Plu.), also substantivized f. `the door that opens from the (outside) court, or from the living of the men, towards the back rooms' (opposite ἡ αὔλειος θύρα `the outside door'), in Vitr. (6, 7, 5) of a corresponding corridor;Other forms: μέσαυλος (E., Ph. [v. l. - λιος, Vitr.), μέσσαυλος (- ον) `the inner court where the cattle were put for the night' (Hom., A. R. 3, 235); μεσαύλη f. `court inside the houses' (pap. VIp; reading not quite certain).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Att. μέταυλος indicates as hypostasis either ἡ μετ' αὑλήν ( θύρα), i. e. the court behind the (outward) court, or ἡ μετ' αὑλῆς ( μετ' αὑλῶν θῦρα), i. e. the door in the middle of the court (between both courts); the meaning, which changed with the organisation of the house, cannot be settled without exact knowledge of the plan of the house, cf. the explanations by Wistrand Eranos 37, 16ff.; the etymological analysis is accordingly uncertain. On μεσο- for older μετα- Wackernagel Syntax 2. 242. -- Hom. μέσσαυλος seems however to stand for τὸ μέσον or (εν) μέσσῳ αὑλῆς and "what belongs to the middle of the court" or "what is in the middle of the court", i. e. `middle of the court, inner of the court', cf. Risch IF 59, 19f.; it should then be separated from μέταυλος. In A. R. 3, 235 ep. μέσσαυλος may have been influenced by the later μέσαυλος; late μεσαύλη followed the simplex.Page in Frisk: 2,219Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέταυλος
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32 μετέωρος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `raised on high, in suspense, above the earth, on high sea, superficial', metaph. `hesitating, uncertain, pending, excited' (Il.).Compounds: Often as 1. member, e.g. μετεωρο-λόγος `who speaks about τὰ μετέωρα, astronomer', with - έω, - ία (IA.; Capelle Phil. 71, 414ff.).Derivatives: μετεωρ-ότης f. `sublimity' (Corn.), - ία `absent-mindedness' (Suet., M. Ant.), - οσύνη `id.' (Man.); - ίδιον meaning uncertain (pap. letters). Denomin. μετεωρίζω `raise high, encourage (with false hopes) etc.', midd.-pass. also `become proud, haughty' (IA.) with μετεωρ-ισμός (Hp., Arist.), - ισμα (hell.), - ισις (Plu., D.C.) `exaltation, excitedness etc.'; - ιστής H. as explanation of πεδαοριστής (beside ἵππος φρυ\<α\> γ-ματίας), - ιστικός `exciting' (Vett. Val.). -- Also μετεωρέω = μετεωρίζομαι (Ph.).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Derivation from *μετ-αείρω, μετ-αίρω (Aeol. πεδαίρω) `raise high' like συνάορ-ος `coupled together' from συν-αείρω ( ἔξοχ-ος: ἐξ-έχω etc.; Schwyzer 430 a. 460). Also hypostasis of μετ' ἀέρος `in the air' (with anal. - ο-) is possible, cf. Kretschmer Glotta 31, 449; connection with ἀήρ is indeed obvious, cf. Ar. Nu. 264 Άήρ, ὅς ἔχεις την γῆν μετέωρον. Cf. μετάρσιος and Wackernagel Syntax 2, 244, Björck Alpha impurum 112 f.Page in Frisk: 2,219-220Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μετέωρος
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33 νέποδες
Grammatical information: pl.Meaning: in νέποδες καλῆς Άλοσύδνης as designation of the φῶκαι, the seals (δ 404); by later poets differently interpreted: as 'ἀπόγονοι, descendants' (Theoc. 17, 25, Call. Fr. 77; also Eust. 1502, 36); as 'νηξίποδες, swim-feeter' (H.), referred to fishes (Call. Fr. 260, Nic., AP), as 'ἄποδες, feetless' (Apion ap. Apollon. Lex.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Meaning uncertain, so etymologically unclear. For `with swim-feet' Brugmann IF 20, 218ff. supposing an original *νέτ-ποδες (to νότος; s.v. and νέω) or *νεπέ-ποδες to Skt. snapáyati `swim', which however is a purely Indian formation and therefore must be given up. Against `footless', except objective reasons, pleads the fact that Greek has no wordnegation *νε- `not-, un-'. The objective acceptable interpretation as ' ἀπόγονοι' identifies νέποδες wit Lat. nepōtes = Skt. nápātaḥ pl. `grandchild'; the word would have been adapted to the inflexion of πούς, older πώς: ποδός (Curtius 266f., Kretschmer Glotta 28, 266 f., Wackernagel Syntax 2,252). Cf. on the interpretations Pariente Emer. 11, 107ff.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νέποδες
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34 νῆϊς
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `unknowing, nescius' (since H 198, θ 179).Other forms: second. - ιν.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: One might compare Lat. nescius from ne-scio, νῆϊς (with metr. lengthening for *νέϜις in νήϜιδ-ος, -α?; diff. Debrunner Wortbildung $56), but our form can hardly be a univerbation from *νε Ϝοῖδα with the IE sentence negation *ne, of which there is no trace in Greek; s. Wackernagel Syntax 2, 252. Diff. Sturtevant Lang. 16, 85. After cases with following laryngeal (see on νη- etc.)?Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νῆϊς
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35 νῆστις
Grammatical information: m. a. f.Meaning: `not eating, fasting, sober (jejune)' (Il.); subst. f. part of the small intestine, `intestinum ieiunum', as it was found always empty upon section (Hp., Arist.; Strömberg Wortstudien 63); second. masc. νήστης (Semon., Arist.), f. νήστειρα (Nic. Al. 130; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 126 A. 2). With pleonastic ἀ- (cf. ἀβέλτερος) ἄνηστις = ἄσιτος (A. Fr. 433 Mette, Cratin. 45).Derivatives: νηστεύω `fast' with νηστεία, -η f. `fasting' (IA.) and the rare and late adj. νήστ-ιμος (pap.; Arbenz 87), - ικός (Aët.) `belonging to fasting'.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [not in Pok.] *n̥-h₁d-ti- `not eating, fasting, sober'Etymology: From the negation n̥- and the verb for `eat' (not as substantiv. of 3. sg. *νῆστι `he does not eat'; Wackernagel Gött. Nachr. 1914, 48 = Kl. Schr. 2, 1150, Syntax 2,252 (Schwyzer 504 n. 6). -- On the Sicilian watergoddess Νῆστις (Emp. 6, 3), which does not belong here s. Mayer Mél. Bq 2, 135 f. w. further lit.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νῆστις
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36 νίζω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `wash, bathe'.Other forms: - ομαι (Il.), analog. νίπτω (Men., NT), - ομαι (v. l. σ 179, Hp.), aor. νίψαι, - ασθαι (Il.), pass. νιφθῆναι (Hp.). fut. νίψω, - ομαι (Od.), pass. νιφήσομαι (LXX), perf. midd. νένιπται (Ω 419), νένιμμαι (Ar.).Derivatives: 1. νίπτρον ( ἀπό-), mostly pl., n. `water for washing' (trag., Ar.), ποδάνιπτρα pl. (- ον) through syllabledissim. from *ποδ-απόνιπτρον (to be rejected Bechtel Lex. s.v.), second. ποδό-νιπτρον, `water for washing one's feet' (Od.); besides ποδανιπτήρ m. (sec. ποδο-) `washing basin for one's feet' (Stesich., Hdt., inscr.), νιπτήρ m. `washing basin' (Ev. Jo.); 2. κατανίπ-της m. `washer', who washes the peplos of Athene Polias (AB, EM; 3. ( ἀπό-, κατά-)νίμμα n. `washing water'; 4. ( ἀπό-, ἔκ-)νίψις f. `washing' (Plu., medic.). On the forms in gen. Wackernagel Syntax 2, 187. -- On χέρνιψ s. v.Etymology: From νίψαι, νίψω (from where second. νίπτω) it follows that for νίζω the basis was a zero grade yot-present IE *nigʷ-i̯ō, which is also retained in Celt., OIr. nigim `wash'. Sankrit has a full grade athematic reduplicated formation né-nek-ti `washes' with zero grade niddle ne-nik-té. The sigmatic aorist is also in Sanskrit represented by middle nik-ṣ-i (1. sg.), beside which with regular lengthened grade act. a-naik-ṣam. Greek abandoned ablaut completely and generalized the zero grade ( νίψω, νίμμα etc.). Formal agreement show the privative verbal adj. ἄ-νιπ-τος and Skt. nik-tá- `washen', OIr. necht `pure'. An isolated verbal noun seems preserved in Germ., e.g. OHG nihhus, nichus `river-monster, waterghost', f. nihhussa, NHG. Nix, Nixe, PGm. *nik-u̯es-, * nik-us-; Lat. pollingō `wash the corpses' prob. remains far, s. W.-Hofmann s.v. -- Further details in WP. 2, 322, Pok. 761, Mayrhofer s. nénekti and niktáḥ.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νίζω
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37 οὐ
οὐGrammatical information: neg. pcleMeaning: `not'Dialectal forms: Myc. ouqe `and not'Etymology: Uncertain. Pre-Gr. origin is considered by Wackernagel Syntax 2, 257 and Kretschmer Glotta 14, 230. Several IE etymologies have been attempted: Skt. úd, Goth. ūt `from'; lat. au- and haud; Arm. oč` not'. Cowgill Lang. 36, 347 ff. connected the element with αἰών a. cogn., assuming a basis in ne h₂oi̯u kʷid, where *ne was the sentence negative; it lost its meaning to the second element as happened in other languages. The syntagm would also explain Arm. oč' and Alb. s (cf. Kortlandt, Armeniaca, index). S. the synopsis by Schwyzer-Debrunner 591 n. 5 (w. lit.). Not better Carnoy Ant. class. 24, 20 a. Rev. belge de phil. 33,492. -- Hom. οὑ-κί contains as οὔ-τι the IE indef. * kʷi-d (s. τίς; on the phonetics Schwyzer 299); from this through elision οὑκ, with aspiration οὑχ, if not elided from οὑ-χι, like ναί-χι, ἧ-χι a.o. = Skt. hí (in na-hí `because not' a.o.), Av. zi, IE *ǵhi stressing pcle. (WP. 1, 542, Pok. 417f.). -- From οὑδε εἷς arose οὑδείς, young Att., koine οὑθείς `nobody' (on the phonetics Schwyzer 408); in the same way οὑδ-αμοῦ, - αμοῖ, - αμῶς, - αμός, - άμινος to *ἁμός (s.v.), ἅμα. -- On the use of οὑ etc. except Schwyzer-Debrunner 592 f. w. lit. also A. C. Moorhouse Studies in the Greek Negatives, Cardiff 1959 (rev. by Risch IF 66, 312ff., Humbert BSL 56, 82ff., Whatmough ClassPhil. 56, 65). Older lit. also in Bq.Page in Frisk: 2,441-442Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > οὐ
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38 πέτρᾱ
πέτρᾱ, -ηGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `rock, rocky mountain range, cliff, ridge; rock cavern, cave' (Il.), second. `boulder, stone' (hell.).Compounds: E.g. πετρ-ηρεφής `covered with rocks' (A., E.), πετρο-βόλος `throwing rocks' with - ία (X., Plb.); ὑπό-πετρος `rocky' (Hdt., Thphr.; Kretschmer Glotta 21, 221; not better Sommer A. u. Sprw. 20 f.).Derivatives: Also πέτρος m. (f.) `boulder, stone' (Il.). -- Several adj. with the meaning `rocky, belonging to rocks etc., stony': πετρ-αῖος (poet. since μ 231), also as surn. of Poseidon (Pi.; Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 447), - ήεις (Il.), - ινος (Ion. poet.), - ώδης (IA.), - ήρης (S.), - ώεις (Marc. Sid.). Dimin. - ίδιον n. (Arist.); adv. - ηδόν (Luc.). Design. of place πετρών, - ῶνος m. `rocky place' (Priene IIa). Denom. πετρόομαι, - όω, also w. κατα-, ὑπο-, `to be stoned, to be turned, to turn into stone' (E., X., Lyc. etc.) with πέτρωμα n. `stoning' (E.), also `heap of stones' (Paus.; from πέτρος enlarged, cf. Chantraine Form. 187). Several plantnames, after the position: πετρ-ίνη, - αία, - αῖον, - ώνιον, - ίς, ἐπί-πετρον etc. (Strömberg 116).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: On πέτρα as collectiv beside πέτρος Wackernagel Syntax 2, 14. -- Unexplained. After Porzig Satzinhalte 349 prop. *'collapse' (to πίπτω); hypothetical. Not better Wood ClassPhil. 3, 74ff. (to Lat. impetīgō; cf. W.-Hofmann s.v.); Güntert Labyrinth 20 f. (inversed from *τέπρα, to taberna; s. W.-H. s. v., Kretschmer Glotta 22, 253); still diff. (to πετάννυμι Groselj Živa Ant. 5, 111 f. Older attempts in Bq. - Furnée 370 adduces Basque petaŕ, s. also 272, 355. The word will be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,522-523Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέτρᾱ
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39 ποταμός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `river' (Il.).Compounds: Some compp., e.g. ποταμο-φύλαξ m. `river-guard' (pap.), καλλι-πόταμος `with fair rivers' (E. in lyr.).Derivatives: 1. Demin. ποτάμ-ιον n. (com., Str.), - ίσκος m. (Str.). Further subst. 2. ποταμ-εύς m. designation of the Eastwind in Tripolis (Arist.), 3. - ίτης m. `river-worker' (pap.; Redard 36). Adj. 4. - ιος `belonging to the river' (Pi., Hdt., trag. etc.), - ιαῖος `id.' (Arist. [v. l. - ιος, Ruf.); -ήϊος (Nonn.), f. - ηΐς (A. R., Nic.) `id.', both metr. condit. -- 5 - ώδης `river-like' (Eun.); 6. - ηνή f. `adjunct of Μήτηρ, `river-goddess' (inscr. Pisidia; cf. Schwyzer 490 w. lit.). 7. Adv. - ηδόν `like a river, in streams' (Luc., Aret.); 8. Verb - όομαι `to form a river' (Aq.). -- 9. nickname Ποτάμιλλα m. (Sophr.; Schwyzer 561 w. lit.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Formation like οὑλαμός, πλόκαμος a. o. -- Perh. with L. Meyer, Prellwitz, Bq s. v. to πίπτω, ἔπετον `fall'; so prop. "torrent, torrent" referring to a river flowing sweeping (away) in a mountainous area; note the adjunct διιπετής (Π 174, δ 477) which is difficult however. Thus Persson Beitr. 2, 654. Kretschmer Glotta 22, 265 u. 27, 248f., Runes IF 50, 265, Havers Sprache 4, 24, WP. 2, 219, Pok. 825, W.-Hofmann s. petō. -- Diff. Fick 1, 473 (asking) and Wackernagel Syntax 2, 30f.: to πετάννυμι, πέτασμα as "expansion" and identical with Germ., e.g. OS fathmos, OE fæðm `extension (of the arms), embrace, fathem' (OE flôdes fæðm). Thus esp. Specht KZ 63, 132, also Risch $ 19b (with reserve), Schwyzer 493 n. 11. -- To be rejected Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73, 502 f. (for *τοπαμός to Lith. tekù `run' etc.). - The etymology is uncertain. - The word could also be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,585-586Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ποταμός
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40 Δελφοί
Grammatical information: m.pl.Meaning: name of the inhabitants of Delphi (also attribut.) and of the town itself (Gildersleeve Syntax 51, Lundahl Namn och bygd 31 [1943] 42ff.) (h. Hom.)Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Δελφοί
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См. также в других словарях:
SYNTAX — est un générateur d analyseurs lexicaux et syntaxiques (déterministes ou non déterministes) pour toutes les grammaires non contextuelles ainsi que certaines classes de grammaires contextuelles. Il est développé à l INRIA depuis plusieurs dizaines … Wikipédia en Français
syntax — syn‧tax [ˈsɪntæks] noun [uncountable] COMPUTING the rules describing how words and phrases in a computer language are ordered: • The commands follow a strict syntax, but they are not difficult to learn. * * * syntax UK US /ˈsɪntæks/ noun [U or C] … Financial and business terms
Syntax — Sf std. (18. Jh.) Entlehnung. Entlehnt aus gr. sýntaxis, eigentlich Zusammenordnung , zu gr. táxis Ordnung und gr. syn , zu gr. tássein ordnen . Ebenso nndl. syntaxis, ne. syntax, nfrz. syntaxe, nschw. syntax, nnorw. syntaks; hypotaktisch,… … Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen sprache
Syntax — Syn tax, n. [L. syntaxis, Gr. ?, fr. ? to put together in order; sy n with + ? to put in order; cf. F. syntaxe. See {Syn }, and {Tactics}.] 1. Connected system or order; union of things; a number of things jointed together; organism. [Obs.] [1913 … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Syntax — Pays d’origine Londres, Angleterre Genre musical Electro Progressive House Rock Trip Hop Années d activité Depuis 2002 Labels Illustrious Records Me … Wikipédia en Français
syntax — c.1600, from Fr. syntaxe, from L.L. syntaxis, from Gk. syntaxis a putting together or in order, arrangement, syntax, from stem of syntassein put in order, from syn together + tassein arrange (see TACTICS (Cf. tactics)) … Etymology dictionary
Syntax [1] — Syntax (v. gr. Syntaxis), 1) Zusammenstellung verschiedenartiger Dinge zu einem geordneten Ganzen; 2) (Wortfügungslehre), die Zusammenfügung der Redetheile zu einer verständlichen, wohlgeordneten Rede in Sätzen u. Perioden. Die besondere… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Syntax [2] — Syntax, Peregrinus, Pseudonym für Ferd. Hempel … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Syntax — (griech.), nach der landläufigen Auffassung die Lehre von der »Verbindung« der Wörter zu Sätzen, also die Satzlehre, die neben der Laut und Formenlehre als dem ersten den zweiten Hauptteil der Grammatik bildet. Eine aus der Natur der Sache selbst … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Syntax — (grch.), Satzlehre, der Teil der Grammatik, der sich mit dem Satzbau und den Verhältnissen der Worte im Satz beschäftigt … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
Syntax — Syntax, derjenige Haupttheil der Grammatik, welcher nach erfolgter Feststellung der einzelnen Worte durch die Etymologie (s. d.) die Zusammensetzung dieser Wörter, zu Sätzen und Perioden, lehrt … Damen Conversations Lexikon
