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81 στοιχείωμα
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > στοιχείωμα
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82 χρυσοκόλλα
χρῡσο-κόλλα, ἡ,A gold-solder, malachite, basic copper carbonate, Arist. Mir. 834b20, Thphr.Lap.26.40, Dsc.5.74,89, Plin.HN33.86.II a dish of linseed and honey, Alcm.74B.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > χρυσοκόλλα
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83 ὑπόθεσις
A proposal, proposed action,τὴν ἐν φίλοις δικαιοτάτην ὑ. ἔχω ὑποτιθέναι X.Cyr.5.5.13
;ἵνα σὺ τὰ σαυτοῦ κατὰ τὴν ὑ. ὅπως ἂν βούλῃ περαίνῃς Pl.Grg. 454c
; intention, policy,πολλὰ πρᾶξαι πρὸς τὴν ὑ. τῆς πατρίδος ὡς συχνῆς ἀδικίας δεομένην Thphr.Fr. 136
;διὰ τὴν ὑ. τῆς πολιτείας.. ἠναγκάζετο χρῆσθαι τοῖς ὑπουργοῦσι Plu.Caes.51
; πρὸς ὑ. τινα ἀγαθῶν ἀνδρῶν men good for a particular policy, Arist.Pol. 1293b4; ὑ. τῆς δημοκρατικῆς πολιτείας ἐλευθερία ib. 1317a40; ἡμῖν ἡ τῶν νόμων ὑ. ἐνταῦθα ἔβλεπεν, ὅπως .. Pl.Lg. 743c;περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν οὐχ ὁμοίως ἅπασι βουλευτέον, ἀλλ' ὡς ἂν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἕκαστοι τοῦ βίου ποιήσωνται τὴν ὑ. Isoc.6.90
;τοῖς φαύλοις ἐνδέχεται τὰ τυχόντα πράττειν· εὐθὺς γὰρ τοῦ βίου τοιαύτην πεποίηνται τὴν ὑ. Id.1.48
;ἀνάγκη τοῖς περὶ ὅλων τῶν πραγμάτων καλὰς τὰς ὑ. πεποιημένοις καὶ τὰ μέρη τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον ἔχειν ἐκείνοις Id.7.28
;πρὸς ταύτην τὴν ὑ. ἀποβλέποντες ἄμεινον βουλευσόμεθα καὶ περὶ τῶν ἄλλων Id.8.18
;ἐξέστητε τῆς ὑ. ἐφ' ἧς ὑμᾶς οἱ πρόγονοι κατέλιπον D.10.46
; οἱ τῆς αὐτῆς ὑ. προεστῶτες those who advocated the same policy, Plb.30.32.12;ἅπαντας ἀπονεύσειν ἐπ' ἐκείνην τὴν ὑ. Id.24.9.7
; Ἀχαϊκωτέραν εἶναι.. ταύτην τὴν ὑ. καὶ νικητικωτέραν ἐν τοῖς πολλοῖς ib.4;τὸ τῆς ἰδίας ὑ. λαμπρόν Id.21.23.1
;τὸ τῶν σαρισῶν μέγεθός ἐστι κατὰ μὲν τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὑ. ἑκκαίδεκα πηχῶν, κατὰ δὲ τὴν ἁρμογὴν τὴν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν δεκατεττάρων Id.18.29.2
;τηροῦντες τὴν αὑτῶν ὑ. Id.5.5.5
;πρὸς ταύτην ἁρμοζόμενοι τὴν ὑ. Id.3.16.1
, cf. 3.50.7; κατασκέψασθαι τὴν τῶν ὑπεναντίων ἐπίνοιαν καὶ τὴν ὅλην ὑ. ib.6;Φάβιος.. κατὰ τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὑ. οὐδαμῶς κρίνων ἐκκυβεύειν οὐδὲ παραβάλλεσθαι τοῖς ὅλοις Id.3.94.4
.2 suggestion, advice,ἐδώκαμεν ἄν σοι ὑποθέσεις δι' ὧν οἱ ἀντίδικοι ἂν οἴμωζον PMich.Zen.57.7
(iii B. C.);διελέγοντο.. κατὰ τὰς ἐντολὰς τὰς Ἀράτου καὶ τὰς ὑ. Plb. 2.48.8
, cf. 2.52.6, 4.24.2;κροτηθείσης τῆς ὑ. Id.28.16.5
; πολυτέχνους ὑ. ἔργων elaborate proposals for works, Plu.Per.12.3 purpose, ;λόγῳ μὲν ἀποδώσων.., ἑτέραν δὲ τῆς ἀποδημίας ἔχων ὑ. λανθάνουσαν τοὺς πολλούς Id.Mar.31
;ἐξ αὐτῆς τῆς αἰτίας τῆς τε ὑ. τοῦ πολέμου ἀξιολογώτατος ἀγὼν συνηνέχθη D.C.41.56
;ὑ. τοῦ πολέμου καὶ πρόφασιν διδόντων ἐλευθεροῦν τοὺς Ἕλληνας Plu.Flam.15
;τὸ χωρὶς ὑποθέσεως πολεμεῖν.. τί ἄλλο ἢ μανία; D.Chr.38.17
; [οἱ ἐλέφαντες] ἴσασι τῆς ὁδοῦ τῆς ἐπ' αὐτοὺς τὴν ὑ... εἶναι.. τοὺς ὀδόντας Ael.NA6.56
.4 occasion, excuse, pretext,οὕτω γὰρ ἂν αὐτοῖς ἡ ἀπολογία προαναιροῖτο καὶ ἡ πρώτη ὑ. τῆς ἐθελοδουλείας Luc.Merc.Cond.5
; τοιαύτης αὐτοῖς τῆς ὑ. οὔσης ib.10;ἀεὶ χρὴ ἐπί τινι λυπεῖσθαι καὶ μὴ ἄνευ ὑ. Artem.
2.60;ὑ. ἀργυρισμοῦ καὶ φόνων εἰληφέναι ἐδόκει D.C.63.26
;μή με νομίσῃς ἀπὸ τῆς παρούσης ὑ. ἀπαρτᾶν τὸν λόγον Id.52.18
.5 actor's role,τοὺς ὑποκριτὰς.. οὓς ὁρῶμεν οὔτε κλαίοντας ἐν τοῖς θεάτροις, ὡς αὐτοὶ θέλουσιν, ἀλλ' ὡς ὁ ἀγὼν ἀπαιτεῖ πρὸς τὴν ὑ. Plu.Dem.22
;ὶδεῖν τί μου ποιεῖ ὁ ἀθλητής, πῶς μελετᾷ τὴν ὑ. Arr.Epict.1.29.38
, cf. 41;τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ τῆς μητρὸς ὑ. λαβεῖν Iamb.VP8.39
.6 function, occupation, station in life, [Διονύσιος] ἐκ σημοτικῆς καὶ ταπεινῆς ὑ. ὁρμηθείς Plb.15.35.2
; [Ἀγαθοκλῆς] ὁρμηθεὶς ἀπὸ τοιαύτης ὑ. Id.12.15.7
;τὸ μὴ εἶναι ἄλλην βίου ὑ. εἰς τὸ φιλοσοφεῖν οὕτως ἐπιτήδειον ὡς ταύτην ἐν ᾗ νῦν ὢν τυγχάνεις M.Ant.11.7
, cf. 8.1, Paul. Aeg.3.17.7 practical problem,κοινὴ ἡ ὑ. καὶ τῷ καθ' ἡμᾶς βίῳ πάνυ πολλή, βαλανείου κατασκευή Luc.Hipp.4
;ἡ μὲν οὖν ὑ. τοιαύτη HeroAut.21.2
.II subject proposed ( to oneself or another) for discussion,κελεῦσαι τὴν πρώτην ὑ. τοῦ πρώτου λόγου ἀναγνῶναι Pl. Prm. 127d
;ἐπὶ τὴν ὑ. ἐπανάγειν τὸν λόγον X.Mem.4.6.13
;ἐπὶ τὴν ὑ. πάλιν ἐπανελθεῖν Isoc.4.63
, cf. Gal.6.124;τὴν ὑ. περὶ ἧς βουλεύεσθε οὐχὶ τὴν οὖσαν παριστάντες D.3.1
;τοὺς δικαστὰς ἀπαγαγὼν ἀπὸ τῆς ὑ. Id.19.242
;ἐπὶ τῆς ὑ. μεῖναι Aeschin.3.76
;ἔξω τῆς ὑ. λέγειν Isoc.7.63
, cf. 12.161;μὴ πόρρω λίαν τῆς ὑ. ἀποπλανηθῶ Id.7.77
, cf. 12.88, Aeschin. 3.176,190;ὅτ' ἔγραφον περὶ τὴν αὐτὴν ὑ. Isoc.5.83
;περὶ [τῆς πόλεως] τὴν ὑ. ποιησάμενος Id.12.35
;τοῦ πράγματος ἐν κεφαλαίῳ.. δήλωσις, ἵνα γινώσκωσι περὶ ὧν ὁ λόγος παρακολουθῶσί τε τῇ ὑ. Arist.Rh.Al. 1436a36
, cf. Pl.Def. 415b;ἡ ὑ. ἐλάττων Arist.Rh. 1404b15
; πρὸς ὑπόθεσιν λέγειν, opp. πρὸς ἀμφισβητοῦντα, ib. 1391b13;πολλὰ πρὸς τὴν ὑ. οἰκείως διαλεχθείς D.S.13.53
; haec erat ὑ., de gravitate ordinis, etc., Cic.Att.1.14.4.2 case at law, lawsuit,γράφει ὁ Μαιίστας εἰς τὴν ὑ. ταύτην IG11(4).1299.29
(Delos, iii B. C.), cf. OGI665.18,669.41 (both Egypt, i A. D.), POxy. 237 vii 34, viii 22 (ii A. D.), 486.26 (ii A. D.);τὰ περὶ ταύτης τῆς ὑ. πεπραγμένα PLips.34.18
(iv A. D.).3 subject of a poem or treatise, Zeno Stoic.1.23, Plb.1.2.1, D.H.Pomp.3, Longin. 38.2, Plu.Pomp.42, Luc.Charid.14, Pseudol.5, al.; of a picture, Id.Zeux.5,7; of an impromptu declamation,ἐπειδὰν οἱ παρόντες ὑποβάλωσί τινας ὑ. καὶ ἀφορμὰς λόγου Id.Rh.Pr.18
; plot, story,μῦθοι καὶ ὑποθέσεις Phld.Po.2.62
, cf. 5.5, al., Arg.Men.Oxy.1235.113 (ii A. D.), Dicaearch. ap. S.E.M.3.3, Artem.4.59, Sch.S.Aj.Prooem., Arg.Ar. Ach. tit., etc.4 speech,αἱ δικανικαὶ καὶ δημηγορικαὶ ὑ. Theon Prog.1
; = ἐπίδειξις 1.3, ἀρξαμένων (v.l. -ῳ)τῆς ὑ. LXX 4 Ma.1.12
; ἀνδρὸς ἀρετὰς ὅλην πληρούσας ὑ. providing matter for a whole speech, Chor.p.34B.b speech or subject of a speech in which the person, occasion, etc. are particularized, opp. θέσις v. 2, Aphth.Prog. 13, cf. Quint.Inst.3.5.7.5 a kind of play or pantomime,μῖμοί τινές εἰσιν ὧν τοὺς μὲν ὑποθέσεις τοὺς δὲ παίγνια καλοῦσιν Plu.2.712e
; μιμολωγοι η υποθησις εικυρα (i. e. μιμολόγοι· ἡ ὑπόθεσις Ἑκυρά), i. e. 'theatrical performance: play, the Hecyra', Ath.Mitt.26.4 (inscr. on lamp, iii B. C.); κλάειν ἤρξαντο πάντες καὶ μετέβαλε τὸ συμπόσιον εἰς σκυθρωπὴν ὑ. into a tragedy, Charito 4.3; so perh. in Luc.Nigr.8; of Aesop's fables,χρῆται [τῇ ἀλώπεκι] ὁ Αἴσωπος διακόνῳ τῶν πλείστων ὑ. Philostr.Im.1.3
.III supposition,ἢ βούλεσθε.. ἀπ' ἐμαυτοῦ ἄρξωμαι καὶ τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ ὑ., περὶ τοῦ ἑνὸς αὐτοῦ ὑποθέμενος, εἴτε ἕν ἐστιν εἴτε μὴ ἕν, τί χρὴ συμβαίνειν; Pl.Prm. 137b
; αὕτη ἡ ὑ., εἰ ἓν μὴ ἔστιν ib. 160b; χρὴ.. μὴ μόνον εἰ ἔστιν ἕκαστον ὑποτιθέμενον σκοπεῖν τὰ συμβαίνοντα ἐκ τῆς ὑ., ἀλλὰ καὶ εἰ μὴ ἔστι τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο ὑποτίθεσθαι ib. 135e, cf. 136a; [σκοπεῖν] τί ἐφ' ἑκατέρας τῆς ὑ. συμβήσεται ib. 136b;εἰ ὀρθὴ ἡ ὑ. ἦν, τὸ ψυχὴν ἁρμονίαν εἶναι Id.Phd. 94b
, cf. 92d, Sph. 244c;πρὸς μὲν τὴν ὑ. ὀρθῶς λέγουσιν, ὅλως δ' οὐκ ὀρθῶς Arist. Metaph. 1082b32
; ἐξ ὑποθέσεως σκοπεῖσθαι examine by starting from an assumption, of reasoning by analysis in geometry, Pl.Men. 86e; τῶν τὴν τέχνην ζητεύντων ἐξ ὑποθέσιος λόγων arguments seeking to derive the (medical) art from an assumption, Hp.VM13; ὑ. αὐτοὶ αὑτοῖς ὑποθέμενοι τῷ λόγῳ ib.1; ἄγοντες ἐπὶ ὑπόθεσιν τὴν τέχνην ib. 15;χρῆσιν ἀρετῆς τελείαν, καὶ ταύτην οὐκ ἐξ ὑ. ἀλλ' ἁπλῶς· λέγω δ' ἐξ ὑ. τἀναγκαῖα, οἷον.. τιμωρίαι καὶ κολάσεις.. τὸ καλῶς ἀναγκαίως ἔχουσι Arist.Pol. 1332810
; ἡ πολιτεία ἡ ἐξ ὑ. ( = ἡ δοθεῖσα ) the constitution based on a presupposition, ib. 1288b28; of currency, ἓν δή τι δεῖ εἶναι, τοῦτο δ' ἐξ ὑ.· διὸ νόμισμα καλεῖται according to a presupposed convention, Id.EN 1133b21 (cf. a29-31, APr. 41a40); of reductio ad impossibile,ἢ δεικτικῶς ἢ ἐξ ὑ. τοῦ δ' ἐξ ὑ. μέρος τὸ διὰ τοῦ ἀδυνάτου Id.APr. 40b25
-6, cf. 41a25;δυνατοῦ δεξάμενον ὑπόθεσιν ἐπ' ἀδύνατον ἀπαχθῆναι Arr.Epict.1.7.25
, cf. Procl. in Euc.pp.76,252 F.; καθ' ὑπόθεσιν by way of supposition, 'let us suppose', Phld.Rh. 1.95 S., Sign.12, Cleom.1.7.IV = τὸ ὑποκείμενον (cf.ὑπόκειμαι 11.8
), the presupposition of an action, that which has been settled before it begins,περὶ τοῦ τέλους οὐθεὶς βουλεύεται, ἀλλὰ τοῦτ' ἐστὶν ἀρχὴ καὶ ὑ. Arist.EE 1227a8
, cf. b30;τῶν πράξεων τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ὑ. ἀληθεῖς καὶ δικαίας εἶναι προσήκει D.2.10
; of a thing, that without which it cannot exist or be what it is, its essence, αὕτη (sc. τὸ στέλεχος)οἷον ὑ. καὶ φύσις δένδρων Thphr.HP4.13.4
(cf. οὐσία καὶ φύσις τοῦ δένδρου ibid.);ἐπὶ τοῖς χυμοῖς μόνοις σηπομένοις ἔχοντος τὴν ὑ. ὅλου τοῦ νοσήματος, ὅπερ ἐστὶ πυρετώδους ὄντος Gal.18(2).299
.2 in the syllogism, the preliminary statements of fact (whether proved or not) from which inference starts, i. e. the premisses ([etym.] προτάσεις) , τῶν ἀποδείξεων αἱ ὑ., equivalent to ἀρχαί, Arist.Metaph. 1013a16;αἱ ἀρχαὶ καὶ αἱ λεγόμεναι ὑ. Id.APo. 81b15
; ὅσα δέδεικται δι' ἐκείνων ὑποθέσεις ποιησάμενοι taking as premisses (here) what has been proved in those other works, Gal.6.7, cf. 25,224; ἴστω.. τῆς ὑγιεινῆς πραγματείας ἀνατρέπων τὴν ὑ. ib.17;ὑπόθεσιν, αἴτησιν οὖσαν πράγματος εἰς κατασκευήν τινος S.E.M.3.4
;λαμβάνειν ἀναποδείκτους ὑ. Plu.2.720f
, cf. 721d;ἀναγκαῖον ἢ τὰς ὑ. εἶναι τὰς πρώτας ψευδεῖς, ἢ τὰς ὑπὲρ τῶν συμβαινόντων ἀποφάς εις Plb.1.15.9
, cf. 11.b assumption of existence of any one of the fundamental objects of a particular science,ὁ ὁρισμὸς θέσις μέν ἐστι.. ὑ. δ' οὐκ ἔστι· τὸ γὰρ τί ἐστι μονὰς καὶ τὸ εἶναι μονάδα οὐ ταὐτόν Arist.APo. 72a23
;ἐν ταῖς πράξεσι τὸ οὗ ἕνεκα ἀρχή, ὥσπερ ἐν τοῖς μαθηματικοῖς αἱ ὑ. Id.EN 1151a17
.3 starting-point,ἐκ ταύτης τῆς ὑ. λαβεῖν τὸν λόγον τὴν εἰς ἑκάτερον μέρος ὁρμήν Iamb.VP27.130
; beginning, τὰς μὲν ἐλπίδας οὐ τελειοῖ (sc. ὁ ὄνειρος) , τὰς δὲ ὑ. τῶν πραγμάτων ταῖς περιοχαῖς ὁμοίας ποιεῖ (referring to a birth of twins which died), Artem.4.47.4 raw material,τὴν δοθεῖσαν ὑ. εὐφυᾶ πρὸς ὑποδοχὴν γυμναστικῆς.. ἀμείνω ἀποφαίνειν Luc.Hist. Conscr.35
;οἵαν ὕλην καὶ ὑ. φεύγεις·.. μένε οὖν μέχρι ἐξοικειώσῃς σαυτῷ καὶ ταῦτα M.Ant.10.31
.V mortgage, Thphr.Fr.97.1 (pl.).2 thing placed under, base, τὰς ὑ. (signf. 111)ποιούμενος οὐκ ἀρχὰς ἀλλὰ τῷ ὄντι ὑ., οἷον ἐπιβάσεις τε καὶ ὁρμάς Pl.R. 511b
, cf. Arr.Epict.1.7.22; in D.2.10 (v. supr. IV. 1) the ἀρχαί and ὑποθέσεις (i. e. basic principles) of actions are compared to the foundations ([etym.] τὰ κάτωθεν) of a house or a ship;Τριπτόλεμος.. τὰς πρώτας ὑ. βαλόμενος τῇ πόλει Lib.Or.11.52
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑπόθεσις
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84 ἀμάομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `draw (milk), gather' (Od.)Other forms: Act. ἀμάω only late.Derivatives: ἄμη `shovel' (Ar.), `hod' inscr., `water-bucket, pail' (Plu.; Lat. hama, Cato), `spade' (Gp.); prob. derived from the verb, not the other way round; from here ἁμίς f. `chamber-pot' (Hp.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Mostly connected with ἄμη, but even this seems not quite certain (Schulze Q. Ep. 365 n. 3 and Solmsen Beitr. 195 separate them). As the basic meaning of the verb and of ἄμη is unclear, the etym. is uncertain. - It has further been connected with ἀμνίον (q.v.) and ἄντλος (q.v.); also ἄμαλλα (q. v.) has been suggested; all uncertain (as ἄμαλλα means `sheaf', this can hardly be connected if ἀμάομαι is used primarily of water, liquids). Cf. Bechtel Lexil., Solmsen Wortforschung 180ff., WP. 2, 487, 489ff. - Connection with Skt. ámatram `vase' is also quite uncertain (unsatisfactory EWAia; words for vases mostly have no etym.). One has further connected Lith. semiù, sémti `scoop, ladle' with sámtis `ladle' (root * semH-); further Lat. sentīna `bilge-water' has been compared (s. ἄντλος). The meaning was no doubt originally technical, i.e. specific, so it should not (also) be connected with ἅμα.Page in Frisk: --Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμάομαι
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85 ἀμεύσασθαι
Grammatical information: v.Etymology: The basic meaning is uncertain; see DELG. One compares ἀμύνω (improbable), further Lat. moveo, Lith. máuju máuti `tear off', Skt. mī́vati `move, push' (from * miH-(e)u-, the Greek form continuing * mieu-); all rather uncertain. If IE, the root may be * h₂meu-.Page in Frisk: 1,92Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμεύσασθαι
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86 ἄρπεζα
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `hedge' (Nic.), pl.; cf. ἀρπέζας τοὺς αἱμασιώδεις τόπους. οἱ δε τείχη καὶ περιβόλους. οἱ δε τὰ κλιμακώδη χωρία H.).Other forms: ἄρπεζος f. `ds.' (Mylasa). Cf. further ἄρπισαι αἱμασιαί. η τάφρους and ἄρπιξ εἶδος ἀκάνθης, Κύπριοι H. Also ἀρπάναι· μάνδραι βοσκήματων.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Νο etymology. Connection with ἅρπη, ἁρπεδόνη, ἁρπάζω is not convincing. (Chantraine's suggestion that the basic meaning is `limit of a terrain', and so perhaps connected with ἀρπεδόνη, is improbable: it is something concrete in the terrain, functioning as boundary, like αἱμασία.) The variation - εζα\/- ισα is the typical type of variation found in substr. words.Page in Frisk: 1,150Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄρπεζα
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87 βλέτυες
Grammatical information: pl.m\/f?Meaning: αἱ βδέλλαι H.Other forms: *βλίτυξ (ms. βαιτυξ) βδέλλα H.; the correction (Latte) seems evident, but is not mentioned by DELG.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Analysed as a - τυ-derivation from a stam βλε- seen in καταβλέθει and καβλέει (both) καταπίνει, and βλεῖ βλίσσει, ἀμέλγει, βλίζει H.; note that βλίζω is further unknown, and that βλίσσει can hardly be βλίττω which has a quite different meaning (`cut out the comb of bees'); DELG s.v. thinks the gloss may be corrupt. But a root βλε- is impossible in IE (basic shape CeC-). So the word must be Pre-Gr., which is confirmed by βλίτυξ (Fur. 355; for - υς beside - υξ cf. Fur. 218 on μῆρυξ). Cf. βλωμός, βλῆρ, βλῆραι, βδελλα, δέλεαρ,Page in Frisk: 1,243Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βλέτυες
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88 γύης
γύης, - ουGrammatical information: m.Meaning: A difficult complex of several words. It (probably) consists of: (1) γύαλον, (2) γυῖα, (3) ἐγγύη, which I treated separately (s.vv.) [DELG γύη(ς) 1, 4, 2.]; here I discuss γύη(ς) [DELG 3., 5.] It has the follwong uses a. `the curved piece of wood in a plough (Hes. Op. 427, 436), ἄροτρον αὑτόγυον `plough, whose γύης is of one piece with the ἔλυμα and ἱστοβοεύς, not fitted together πηκτὸν)' (Hes.); b. mostly pl. `lands' (trag.), also a measure in τετρά-γυος etc. (Hom.); sometimes fem., cf. γύη μέτρον πλέθρου H.; also γύος m. (pap.); c. `the system of ἀστράγαλοι' (H., Poll.); d. - γυος with e. ἀμφίγυοςCompounds: ἀμφί-γυος of lance and javelin (Il.) `with a limb at each end' =? (Trümpy, Krieger. Fachausdrücke 59; of Hephaistos, meaning uncertain; `with two lame feet' ? τετρά-γυος `of four g.' (land-measure)Etymology: One assumes a basic *γυ(η)- `curv(ing)'. For comparison we have NPers. gōšā `corner' and Av. gu- `hand'; other forms in Pok. 393-8 are hardly relevant.. - Uncleaar is the meaning ἀμφί-γυος ( ἔγχος, δόρυ; Hom.; metrical lengthening ἀμφιγυήεις of Hephaistos `on both sides (legs) crooked' (?). - Here prob. γύαλον, γυῖα; s. also γυρός (s. vv.); hardly to γυλιός. -Page in Frisk: 1,331-332Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γύης
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89 δῖος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `belonging to heaven, godlike' (Il.), also `belonging to Zeus' (trag.); often as month name (Thessaly, Macedonia etc.).Etymology: Old adjective, identical with Skt. div(i)yá- `heavenly', Lat. dīus `godlike', IE *diu(i)i̯o-; s. Ζεύς. The adjective may replace the gen. of the basic word, s. Schwyzer-Debrunner 176ff., also Löfstedt Syntactica 1, 107ff. - Beside masculine *δίϜ-ι̯ος the feminin derivation was δῖα \< *δίϜ-ι̯ᾰ, first in substantival function `daughter of heaven, goddess', e. g. δῖα γυναικῶν `goddess among women'; from there δῖα θεάων etc.; s. Schwyzer-Debrunner 116.Page in Frisk: 1,396-397Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δῖος
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90 δόλος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `bait, any trick or stratagem for catching, trick' (Il.).Derivatives: δόλιος `deceiving, tricky' (Od.) with δολιότης (LXX), δολιεύομαι `deceive' (LXX) and δολιόω `id.' (LXX); - δολερός `id.' (Ion.-Att.), δολόεις `cunning' (Od.). - Lengthened δόλευμα `trick' (Aen. Tact.; s. Chantr. Form. 186f.). - Denomin. δολόω `beguile' (Hes.) with δόλωσις (X.) and δόλωμα (A.; Chantraine l.c.); also δολίζω `falsify' (Dsc.). - Here also δολία = κώνειον, `hemlock' (Ps.-Dsc.), cf. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 64; cf. Latte z. St.; δολάνα μαστροπός. \< Λάκωνες\> H.; familiar word, see Chantraine 199; also δόλοπα κατάσκοπον, μαστροπόν with δολοπεύει ἐπιβουλεύει, ἐνεδρεύει H. - On δολεών ὁ δοθιήν H. s.v. δοθιήν.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: The identity of δόλος and Lat. dolus, Osc. dolom, -ud (acc., abl.) seems evident; but is the Italic word a loan from Greek? One compares also a Germanic word: ONord. tāl f. `deception, trick', OE tǣl f. `blame, slander, derision', OHG zāla f. `danger', PGm. * tēlō, would be IE * dēlā with long e (see Brugmann Grundr.2 2: 1, 153f.). - There is no primary verb. Connection with dolāre and δαιδάλλω (s. v.) is quite hypothetical. Given its concrete basic meaning, it could well be a Pre-Greek word. - Unclear δόλος πάσσαλος H.; cf. Specht Ursprung 157 and 219. - On δόλων s.v.Page in Frisk: 1,407-408Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δόλος
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91 ἐλαία
Grammatical information: f.Compounds: Because of the economic value of the oil and the olivetree there are many compounds, esp. since hellen. times. As 1. member ἐλαιο- refers not only to ἔλαιον, but also to ἐλαία, e. g. ἐλαιό-φυτος `planted with olives' (A.). As 2. member in bahuvrihi, e. g. ἄν-ελαιος `without oil, olives' (Thphr., Str.); in determinatives, e. g. ἀγρι-έλαιος = ἄγριος ἔλαιος (Thpr. usw.), χαμ-ελαία `Daphne oleoides' (Nic.), cf. Risch IF 59, 257, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 110; γλυκ-έλαιον `sweet-oil', ὑδρ-έλαιον "wateroil", i. e. `oil mixed with water' (late).Derivatives: ἔλαιον n. `olive-oil, oil in general' (Il.); on the pair ἐλαία (- ος): ἔλαιον, for the tree resp. the product, s. Wackernagel Syntax 2, 17, Schwyzer-Debrunner 30. Substantiva: ἐλᾱΐς f., acc. pl. ἐλᾳ̃δας `olive-trees' (Att.; s. Chantr. Form. 344), diminut. ἐλᾳδιον (- ίδιον) `small olive-tree', also (from ἔλαιον) `a little oil' (Com., pap.); ἐλαιών, - ῶνος m. `thicket of olives' (LXX, pap.), `the olive mountain' (NT, J.), diminut. ἐλαιωνίδιον (pap.); ἐλαιεύς `id.' (Chalkis; s. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 21f.). Adj. ἐλαίϊνος, ἐλά̄ϊνος `of olive -wood, belonging to the olive' (Il.), `of olive-oil' (Orph. L. 717); - ίνεος `of olive-wood' (ι 320 and 394; metrically easy contamination of - ινος and - εος, Risch Wortbildung 122, Schmid -εος und -ειος 38); ἐλαϊκός `of olive' (Aristeas, pap.); ἐλαιηρός `regarding oil' (Hp., Pl., pap. ; s. Chantraine 232); ἐλαιώδης `oily' (Hp., Arist.); ἐλαιήεις `belonging to the olive' (S.; on the formation Schwyzer 527). Denomin. verbs: ἐλαΐζω `cultivate olives' with ἐλαιστήρ, - τής `collector of olives' (Poll.) and ἐλαιστήριον `olive-press' (Mylasa); ἐλαιόομαι `be oiled' (Arist.) with ἐλαίωσις (Zos. Alch.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Lat. olīva, from Greek, proves a basic *ἐλαίϜᾱ, with *ἔλαιϜον to Lat. oleum. From Latin all European forms (s. W.-Hofmann 2, 205f.). On itself Arm. ewɫ `oil', which comes together with ἐλαία, ἔλαιον from a Mediterranaean source (Crete?, s. W.-Hofmann s. v.). See Bq. - The word is no doubt a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 1,480Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐλαία
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92 ἔνερθε(ν)
ἔνερθε(ν)Grammatical information: adv., prep.Meaning: `(from) below, below'.Derivatives: Compare ἔνεροι `those below, those below the earth', of the dead and the gods below the earth (Hom.), ἐνέρτερος, νέρτερος `below (the earth)' (Hom.), sup. ἐνέρτατος `the lowest' (Emp.).Etymology: Cf. the opposites ὕπερ-θε(ν), ὑπέρ-τερος, - τατος, to ὑπέρ; also ὕπερον, ὑπέρα (s. vv.). - A good formal agreement to νέρτερος gives Italic in Umbr. nertru `sinistro', Osc. nertra-k `a sinistra'. One compares further Germanic words for `north', e. g. OWNo. norđr n., which requires zero grade: PGm. *núrÞra-, IE *nr̥tro-. Basic meaning: `region where the sun is below', or `left side of someone who prays when turning to the east'. Another formation in Arm. ner-k`-in `the one below' (cf. i nerk`oy, i nerk` ust `(from) below'). Diff. again is Skt. naraka- `hell' (Wackernagel-Debrunner Ai. Gramm. II: 2, 150). Without consonantal suffix Toch. B ñor `below'; also A ñare, B nray, nrey `world below, hell' rather LW [loanword] from Skt.. niraya- `id.'; cf. Duchesne-Guillemin BSL 41, 180. - As Armenian has no e-, this may be a Greek innovation. (Improbable Bezzenberger BB 27, 174, Güntert IF 27, 49 and Sonne KZ 14, 11: ἔν ἔρᾳι = in the earth). - Further to Lith. neriù, ner̃ti `dive in, slip in' etc. (s. δενδρύω)? S. also νειρός. - The e- may be compared with that of ἐκεῖ?Page in Frisk: 1,514-515Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔνερθε(ν)
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93 ἔντεα
Grammatical information: n. pl.Other forms: ( ἔντος sg. Archil. 6)Compounds: As 1. member in ἐντεσι-μήστωρ (also ἐντεο-) ἔμπειρος ὅπλων H., further in ἐντεσι-εργούς `working in harness'(?), of ἡμιόνους (acc. pl. Ω 277), by Schulze Q. 158f. after Nauck, who reminds of ἀνυσιεργός in Theoc. 28, 14, changed into ἐννεσι-εργούς `performing work' (s. also Knecht Τερψίμβροτος 35; objections by Trümpy 81; s. also Patzer Hermes 80, 321); his connection with the aorist ἤνεσα, which is only attested since IIa (innovation after ἐτέλεσα?) does not convince. S. Bechtel Lex. s. v.Derivatives: None.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Beside ἔντεα there is ἐντύνω, - ομαι, ἐντύω, aor. ἐντῦναι `equip, prepare, ' (Il.). As it recalls ἀρτύ(ν)ω, it may have been created after it (Porzig Satzinhalte 338). A basic noun *ἐντύς could be assumed. - If - τος (resp. - τυ-) was a suffix, ἔντεα could be connected with ἄνυμι, ἀνύω (s. v.) (Lobeck Rhematicon 121), and further to ἔναρα and αὑθέντης (s. v.; on the psilosis Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 186).Page in Frisk: 1,523-524Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔντεα
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94 ἐπήρεια
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `bad treatment, offence, threat' (Att.).Derivatives: ἐπηρεάζω (- ει- IG 5 [2]: 6, 46, Tegea IVa) `treat presumptuously, revile, threat' (Hdt., Att., Arc.) with ἐπηρεασμός (Arist.), - αστής (Sm., pap.), - αστικός ( Com. Adesp. 202 u. a.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Abstract of an adjective *ἐπ-ηρής, usually connected with ἀρειή, ἀρή (s. vv.) but in detail unclear. Acc. to Wackernagel KZ 33, 57 = Kl. Schr. 1, 736 with lengthening in compounds from *ἔρος, which he finds in ἐρεσχηλέω (s. v.). Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 109 n. 3 considers *ἔρος as full grade of ἀπ-αρές, ἄρος (s. ἀρή), ἀρειή (\< *ἀρεσ-ιά̄), Ἄρης [hardly possible}. Blanc RPh 71 (1997)159 thinks the basic meaning is `want to find difficulties' and connects ἐρέθω, ἐρεθίζω; no details.Page in Frisk: 1,535Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐπήρεια
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95 ἔρανος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `meal on joint account, meal of friends' (Od., Pi.); `loan from friends, society' (Att. hell.).Compounds: comp. ἐραν-άρχης `president of an ἔρανος' with - έω (Pap. u. a.), also ἀρχ-έρανος = ἀρχ-ερανιστής (Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 232; 2, 111) with - ίζω (inscr.).Derivatives: ἐρανικός `regarding an ἔ.' and denomin. ἐρανιζω, - ομαι `collect contributions' (Att. hell.) with ἐράν-ισις (Pl.), - ισμός (D. H.), ἐρανιστής `participant or member of an ἔ.' (Att. hell.; Fraenkel 1, 173f.), also ἐρανεστής (Achä.) after κηδεστής a. o. (diss. Fraenkel l. c.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Uncertain. Acc. to Brugmann IF 13, 155ff. together with ἔροτις `feast' (Aeol. etc.) and ἑορτή (s. v.) to ἦρα `pleasure, service'; s. v. with connections outside Greek. Basic form *Ϝέρα-νος, *Ϝέρο-τις, but their origin is unknow: Pre-Greek?.Page in Frisk: 1,547-548Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔρανος
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96 ἐρυθρός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `red' (Il.).Compounds: E.g. ἐρυθρό-πους `with red feet' bird-name (Ar.); ἐξ-έρυθρος `reddish' as sign of illness (Hp., Arist.; Strömberg Prefix Studies 67f.), λευκ-έρυθρος `white-red, flat-red' (Arist.; Risch IF 59, 60).Derivatives: ἐρυθρίας m. "the red", surname after the red colour (Arist.; cf. ὠχρίας etc. and Chantraine Formation 93, Schwyzer-Debrunner 18); ἐρυθρῖνος, also with dissimilation (or after ἐρυθαίνομαι, s. below) ἐρυθῖνος name of a fish (Arist.; Strömberg Fischnamen 21); Έρυθῖνοι pl. name of a town (Β 855; cf. Έρυθραί below); ἐρυθρόδανον, - ος plant (Dsc.), also ἐρευθέδανον, s. ἐρεύθω; ἐρυθραῖος = ἐρυθρός (D. P.); ἐρυθρότης `red colour' (Gal.). - Pl. f. Έρυθραί torn in Ionia (Hdt.; from the Trachyt-rocks) with Έρυθραϊκὸν σατύριον plant-name (Dsc., Plin.), also ἐρυθρόνιον (Ps.-Dsc.; after Ίόνιον and other nouns in - όνιον); Έρυθραϊκός also from ἡ Έρυθρά ( θάλασσα; adjunct of κυβερήτης, inscr. Ip). - Denomin. verbs ἐρυθριάω `become red' (Att.; after the verbs of disease in - ιάω; Schwyzer 732) with ἐρυθρίασις, - ησις (Hp., H.); ἐρυθραίνομαι, -ω `become, make red' (X.). - Also ἐρυθαίνομαι, -ω, aor. ἐρύθηνα `id.' (Il.) with ἐρύθημα `becoming red, redness' (Hp., Th.); s. below.Etymology: Old adjective: Lat. rŭber, R.-CSl. rьdьrъ (s. Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. rëdryĭ), Toch. A. rtär, B. rätre, Skt. rudhirá- (reshaped after rudhi- in rudhikrā́- name of a demon); OWNo. rođra f. `blood'. - Othe languages have a diff. stem. OWNo. rjōđr, OE rēod have against most Germanic forms (s. below) the same vowel as the verbs rjōđa, resp. rēodan (= ἐρεύθω, s. v.) and may therefore be secondary; a basic form IE *h₁reudhós agrees with λευκός (beside λεύσσω). An old eu can also be found in Lith. raũdas, Lat. (dial.) rūfus, rōbus, Celt., e. g. OIr. rūad, Skt. lohá- `reddish' m. n. `red metall, copper, iron'. The forms mentioned may also continue IE * h₁roudhos, which is seen in most Germanic forms, Goth. rauÞs, ONo. rauđr, OE rēad, OHG rōt. - (The old denomin. ἐρυθαίνομαι points together with ἐρυθρός to an orig. r-n-stem * rudh-r-, * rudh-n-). There existed perhaps a neutral s-stem *h₁réudhos (= ἔρευθος), and a verb *h₁réudhō (= ἐρεύθω).; the o-stem had o-vocalism in * h₁roudhos. See Pok. 872f., W.-Hofmann s. ruber, Ernout-Meillet s. rubeō; and Porzig Gliederung 194f., Schwentner KZ 73, 110ff. - S. also ἐρεύθω but ἐρυσίβη.Page in Frisk: 1,567-568Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐρυθρός
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97 ἠπεροπεύς
Grammatical information: m.Derivatives: With ἠπεροπεύω, only present-stem `cheat, deceive' (Hom., Hes.) with ἠπεροπευτής (only voc. - τά Γ 39 = Ν 768, h. Merc. 282 u. a.; on the formation Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 20f., 2, 34) and ἠπερόπευμα (Critias).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Because of the rarity of the attestations one is prepared to accept, with Boßhardt Die Nomina auf - ευς 26 that ἠπεροπεύς is a retrograde deriv. of ἠπεροπεύω. Basic *ἠπερ-οψ, *ἠπερ-οπός, -ή has got many explanations: Skt. ápara- `more behind, other' (Curtius 263, Prellwitz BB 22, 112); Lat. săpiō (Solmsen KZ 42, 233 n. 1); Gr. ἤπιος (L. Meyer 1, 609); ἀπάτη (Kuiper Glotta 21, 283f.; vgl. s. v.). Kuiper's connection with ἀπατ-άω is most attractive. There is no good IE etymology, so a loan, i.e. a Pre-Greek word, is quite possible (thus DELG).Page in Frisk: 1,640Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἠπεροπεύς
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98 θεῖον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `brimstone' (Il., IA).Other forms: ep. θέειον, also θήϊον (χ 493)Compounds: also with δια-, ἐκ-, περι-, `treat with sulphur' (Od., medic.); from here θεώματα τὰ περικαθαρτήρια H.Derivatives: Diminutivum θε(ι)άφιον (H., Tz.; θέαφος Eust.), adj. θειώδης `sulphuric' (Str., medic.), denomin. verb θειόω, θεόω, ep. θεειόω,Etymology: The basic form was θέειον, from where through hyphaeresis θεῖον, through further loss of the ι θεόω, θεάφιον; further through metrical lengthening and suffix-change unique θήϊον. θέειον \< *θϜέσειον is a substantivized adjective from a noun *θϜέσος n. prop. `smoke', formed to a verb for `smoke, breathe (out)' in Lith. dves-iù `expire the soul'. Solmsen Unt. 85ff. (in details diff.). Cf. on θεός and 2. θύω.Page in Frisk: 1,658Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θεῖον
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99 θελεμόν
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: adjunct of πῶμα `drink' (A. Supp. 1027 [lyr.]) of unkown meaning, glossed by H. as οἰκτρόν, ἥσυχον, by Hdn. Gr. 1, 171 connected with θέλω.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Unexplained; cf. θελημ(ν)ά ( τε καὶ στερεωπά) Emp. 21, 6; taken as "what is basic", Solmsen Wortforsch. 63 w. n. 2; cf. on - θελυμνος. Fur. 317 thinks the word is Pre-Greek (suffix - εμος).Page in Frisk: 1,659Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θελεμόν
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100 θύμαλλος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: name of a fish `Thymallus vulgaris, Salmo thymallus' (Ael.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Formation in - αλλος (vgl. κορύδ-αλ(λ)ος a. o. Chantraine Formation 317), connected with θύμον `thyme' because of the scent (Strömberg Fischnamen 60f.; doubts in Thompson Fishes s. v.). - From there (through Lat. LW [loanword] thymallus) Ital. temolo etc.; s. Meyer-Lübke Rom. et. Wb. No 8721. - As the suffix is Pre-Greek, it is improbable that the basic word was (IE) Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,692Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θύμαλλος
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