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1 major offensive
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2 major
major ['meɪdʒə(r)]∎ the major part of our research l'essentiel de nos recherches;∎ the major portion of my time is devoted to politics la majeure partie ou la plus grande partie de mon temps est consacrée à la politique(b) (significant → decision, change, factor, event) majeur;∎ we shouldn't have any major problems nous ne devrions pas rencontrer de problèmes majeurs;∎ don't worry, it's not a major problem ne t'inquiète pas, ce n'est pas très grave;∎ any problems? - nothing major des problèmes? - rien d'important;∎ of major importance d'une grande importance, d'une importance capitale;∎ a major role (in play, film) un grand rôle; (in negotiations, reform) un rôle capital ou essentiel;∎ we invested in a major way nous avons investi de manière considérable;∎ he's taken up Spanish in a major way il s'est mis à fond à l'espagnol;∎ he's fallen for Fiona in a major way il est tombé follement amoureux de Fiona(c) (serious → obstacle, difficulty) majeur;∎ the roof is in need of major repair work la toiture a grand besoin d'être remise en état;∎ she underwent major surgery elle a subi une grosse opération∎ a sonata in E major une sonate en mi majeur;∎ in a major key en (mode) majeur;∎ a major third une tierce majeure∎ Smith major Smith aîné∎ major suit majeure f2 noun(a) Military (in airforce) ≃ commandant m; French Canadian & Belgian ≃ major m; (in infantry) ≃ chef m de bataillon, Belgian, French Canadian & Swiss ≃ major m; (in cavalry) ≃ commandant m, Belgian, French Canadian & Swiss ≃ major m∎ Tina is a physics major Tina fait des études de physique∎ the oil majors les grandes compagnies fpl pétrolières;∎ the Majors (film companies) = les cinq compagnies de production les plus importantes à Hollywood(a) (specialize) se spécialiser;∎ Joe majors in chemistry Joe se spécialise en chimie∎ she majored in sociology elle a fait des études de sociologie►► Military major general ≃ général m de division, Belgian ≃ général-major m, Swiss ≃ divisionnaire m, French Canadian ≃ major-général m;American Sport major league (in baseball) = une des deux principales divisions de baseball professionnel aux États-Unis et au Canada; (gen) première division f;Military major offensive vaste offensive f;∎ to launch a major offensive lancer une vaste offensive;Philosophy major premise majeure f;major road route f principale ou à grande circulation, ≃ nationale f;Finance major shareholder actionnaire mf de référence;University major subject matière f principale -
3 offensive
1. n воен.наступление; атакаto embark on / to go on / to launch / to mount an offensive — начинать наступление; переходить в наступление
to re-launch one's offensive against smth — возобновлять наступление на что-л.
- diplomatic offensiveto take an offensive — начинать наступление; переходить в наступление
- economic offensive
- general offensive
- ground offensive
- land offensive
- lightning offensive
- long-planned offensive
- major offensive
- peace offensive
- political offensive
- propaganda offensive 2. a - offensive sword -
4 major
1. adjective1) attrib. (greater) größer...major part — Großteil, der
2) attrib. (important) bedeutend...; (serious) schwer [Unfall, Krankheit, Unglück, Unruhen]; größer... [Krieg, Angriff, Durchbruch]; schwer, größer... [Operation]of major interest/importance — von größerem Interesse/von größerer Bedeutung
major road — (important) Hauptverkehrsstraße, die; (having priority) Vorfahrtsstraße, die
3) (Mus.) Dur-2. nounin a major key — in Dur
1) (Mil.) Major, der2) (Amer. Univ.) Hauptfach, das3. intransitive verb(Amer. Univ.)major in something — etwas als Hauptfach haben
* * *['mei‹ə] 1. adjective 2. noun2) ((American) the subject in which you specialize at college or university: a major in physics; Her major is psychology.)3. verb((with in) (American) to study a certain subject in which you specialize at college or university: She is majoring in philosophy.)- academic.ru/44717/majority">majority- major-general
- the age of majority* * *ma·jor[ˈmeɪʤəʳ, AM -ɚ]a \major contribution ein bedeutender [o wichtiger] Beitraga \major event ein bedeutendes Ereignis; (main) Haupt-\major artery Hauptschlagader fyour car is going to need a \major overhaul ihr Auto muss von Grund auf überholt werdena \major catastrophe eine große Katastropheto be a \major influence großen Einfluss habena \major problem ein großes Problema \major crime ein schweres Verbrechento have \major depression eine starke Depression habena \major illness eine schwerwiegende Krankheitto undergo \major surgery sich akk einer größeren Operation unterziehenit's quite a \major operation es ist eine ziemlich komplizierte Operationin C \major in C-DurSmythe \major Smythe der ÄltereII. nshe was a philosophy \major sie hat Philosophie im Hauptfach studiertto have a \major in literature/history/maths Literatur/Geschichte/Mathematik als Hauptfach habento \major in German studies/physics/biology Deutsch/Physik/Biologie als Hauptfach studieren* * *['meɪdZə(r)]1. adj1) Haupt-; (= of great importance) bedeutend; cause, factor wesentlich; incident schwerwiegend, schwer wiegend; part, role groß, führend; (POL) party groß, führend; (= of great extent) großa major road —
a major factor in our decision/his defeat — ein wesentlicher Faktor bei unserem Entschluss/seiner Niederlage
a major poet —
Sapporo, the major city on Hokkaido — Sapporo, die wichtigste Stadt auf Hokkaido
matters of major interest — Angelegenheiten pl von großem or größerem Interesse
major chord — Durakkord m
A flat major — As-Dur nt
3)2. n3) (JUR)4) (US: subject) Hauptfach nthe's a psychology major — Psychologie ist/war sein Hauptfach
3. vi (US)to major in French — Französisch als Hauptfach studieren, das Examen mit Französisch im Hauptfach ablegen
* * *major [ˈmeıdʒə(r)]A s1. MIL Major m2. UNIV USa) Hauptfach nb) Student, der Geschichte etc als Hauptfach belegt hat:she’s a history major sie studiert als oder im Hauptfach Geschichte3. JUR Volljährige(r) m/f(m), Mündige(r) m/f(m):become a major volljährig oder mündig werden4. MUSa) Dur nb) Durakkord mc) Durtonart f5. Logik:B adj1. größer(er, e, es) (auch fig an Bedeutung, Interesse etc), fig auch bedeutend, wichtig, schwerwiegend:major illness schwer(er)e Krankheit;major party POL große Partei;major penalty (Eishockey) große Strafe;major poet großer Dichter;major repairs größere Reparaturen;major road Haupt(verkehrs)straße f;2. Mehrheits…:major vote die von der Mehrheit abgegebenen Stimmen pl3. JUR volljährig, mündig4. MUSa) groß (Terz etc)b) Dur…:C major C-Dur n5. US Hauptfach…6. der ältere oder erste:Cato Major der ältere Cato* * *1. adjective1) attrib. (greater) größer...major part — Großteil, der
2) attrib. (important) bedeutend...; (serious) schwer [Unfall, Krankheit, Unglück, Unruhen]; größer... [Krieg, Angriff, Durchbruch]; schwer, größer... [Operation]of major interest/importance — von größerem Interesse/von größerer Bedeutung
major road — (important) Hauptverkehrsstraße, die; (having priority) Vorfahrtsstraße, die
3) (Mus.) Dur-2. noun1) (Mil.) Major, der2) (Amer. Univ.) Hauptfach, das3. intransitive verb(Amer. Univ.)* * *adj.Haupt- präfix.größt adj.hauptsächlich adj. n.Major -e m. -
5 крупное наступление
Русско-английский политический словарь > крупное наступление
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6 die Großoffensive
- {major offensive} -
7 Großoffensive
f major offensive* * *Groß|of|fen|si|vef (MIL)major offensive* * *Groß·of·fen·si·vef major offensive* * *Großoffensive f major offensive -
8 Großangriff
m MIL. major offensive, all-out attack; FLUG. major airraid* * *Groß|an|griffmlarge-scale or major attack* * *Groß·an·griffm large-scale attack* * * -
9 groß
big; tall; great; large; grand; heavyset* * *[groːs]1. ADJEKTIVcomp ordm;er ['grøːsɐ] superl ordm;te(r, s) ['grøːstə]1) big; Fläche, Raum, Haus, Hände big, large; Höhe, Breite great; Größe, Tube, Dose, Packung etc large; (TYP ) Buchstabe capitalein ganz großes Haus/Buch — a great big house/book
der große ( Uhr)zeiger — the big or minute hand
x ist größer als 10 (Math) — x is greater than 10
ein 2 Hektar großes Grundstück — a 2-hectare plot of land
ein Loch größer machen — to make a hole bigger
ein großes Bier, ein Großes (inf) — ≈ a pint (of beer) (Brit), a large beer
die große Masse (fig) — the vast majority
2) = hoch, hochgewachsen taller ist 1,80 Meter groß — he's one metre (Brit) or meter (US) eighty (tall)
unsere Große — our eldest or oldest (daughter); (von zweien) our elder daughter
unser Großer — our eldest or oldest ( son); (von zweien) our elder son
mit etw groß geworden sein — to have grown up with sth
er ist ein großes Kind — he's a big or a great big (inf) baby
4) zeitlich Verzögerung, Rede big, longdie große Pause (Sch) — the long or lunch break
die großen Ferien — the summer holidays (Brit) or holiday (US)
5) = beträchtlich, wichtig, bedeutend great; Erfolg, Enttäuschung, Hoffnung, Eile great, big; Gewinn, Ereignis big; Katastrophe, Schreck terrible; Summe large; Geschwindigkeit higher hat Großes geleistet — he has achieved great things
die größten Erfindungen unseres Jahrhunderts — the greatest inventions of our century
ein großer Dichter wie Goethe — a great poet like Goethe
eine große Dummheit machen — to do something very or really stupid
er ist kein großer Esser (inf) — he's not a big eater
eine der größeren Firmen — one of the major companies
die großen Fragen unserer Zeit — the great or big questions of our time
das große Ganze — the broader or wider view
vor meinem Haus war or herrschte ein großer Lärm — there was a lot of noise outside my house
ich habe große Lust zu verreisen — I'd really like to go away (on holiday (Brit) or vacation (US))
sie hatte große Lust, sich zu verkleiden — she really wanted to get dressed up
einen großen Namen haben — to be a big name
ich bin kein großer Redner (inf) — I'm no great speaker
ich bin kein großer Opernfreund (inf) — I'm not a great opera fan
im größten Regen/Schneesturm — in the middle of a downpour/snowstorm
große Worte machen — to use grand words
6) = großartig, bewundernswert iro greatdas ist or finde ich ganz groß (inf) — that's really great (inf)
7) in Eigennamen GreatAlfred/Friedrich der Große — Alfred/Frederick the Great
8) MUS2. ADVERBcomp ordm; er, superl am ordm;ten1)groß machen (baby-talk) — to do number two (baby-talk), to do a poo (Brit baby-talk)
groß daherreden (inf) — to talk big (inf)
See:2)3)was ist das schon groß? (inf) — big deal! (inf), so what? (inf)
was soll man da schon groß machen/sagen? (inf) — what can you do/say?
er hat sich nicht gerade groß für unsere Belange eingesetzt (inf) — he didn't exactly put up a big fight for us
ich habe mich nie groß um Politik gekümmert (inf) — I've never been a great one for politics (inf)
ich kümmere mich nicht groß darum (inf) — I don't take much notice
ganz groß rauskommen (inf) — to make the big time (inf)
* * *1) (large in size: a big car.) big2) (very large, larger etc than average: a great crowd of people at the football match.) great3) (great in size, amount etc; not small: a large number of people; a large house; a large family; This house is too large for two people.) large4) (fairly large: His income is quite sizeable, now that he has been promoted.) sizeable5) ((of people and thin or narrow objects such as buildings or trees) higher than normal: a tall man/tree.) tall6) ((of people) having a particular height: John is only four feet tall.) tall7) (great or large: He won by a wide margin.) wide* * *<größer, größte>[ˈgro:s]I. adjin \großen/größeren Formaten/Größen in large/larger formats/sizes2. (hoch aufragend) longein \großer Kirchturm/Mast/Turm a high church steeple/pylon/tower3. (hoch gewachsen) Mensch talldu bist \groß geworden you've grownwie \groß bist du? how tall are you?er ist 1,78 m \groß he is 5 foot 10 [or 1.78m] [tall]ein \großer Baum/eine \große Vase a tall tree/vaseauf \große[r] Fahrt on a long journeydie \große Pause SCH mid-morning break5. (älter) big, elder, olderdas ist Anita, unsere G\große this is Anita, our eldestwenn ich \groß bin... when I'm grown up...mein \großer Bruder/meine \große Schwester my elder brother/my elder sisterG\groß und Klein young and old [alike]6. (mengenmäßig)im G\großen einkaufen to buy in bulkdie \große Masse most [or the majority] of the peopleein \großer Teil der Bevölkerung a large part of the population7. (erheblich, beträchtlich) greatwas für eine \große Freude! how delightful!du redest ganz \großen Unsinn you're talking complete rubbishwas ist denn das für ein \großer Lärm auf der Straße? what's all that noise in the street?macht doch nicht so einen \großen Lärm! don't make so much noise!\große Angst haben to be terribly afraid [or frightened]ein \großer Aufstieg a meteoric riseeine \große Beeinträchtigung a major impairmentein \großer Betrag a large amounteine \große Dummheit sheer stupidityein \großer Durchbruch/Reinfall a major breakthrough/disastereine \große Enttäuschung a great [or deep] [or profound] disappointmentmit \großer Geschwindigkeit at high [or great] speed\großen Hunger haben to be terribly hungry\großes Leid great [or deep] [or profound] sorrowein \großer Misserfolg an abject [or a dismal] failure\große Nachfrage a big demandeine \große Preissteigerung a massive price rise [or increase]ein \großer Schrecken a nasty fright\große Schwierigkeiten serious [or real] trouble\große Wut unbridled fury\großer Zorn deep [or profound] anger8. (bedeutend) greatetwas/nichts G\großes something/nothing greatsie hat in ihrem Leben nichts G\großes geleistet she never achieved anything great [or major] in her life, she did not achieve great things in her lifemit diesem Gemälde hat sie etwas G\großes geschaffen she has created something great [or profound] with this paintingein \großer Konzern/ein \großes Unternehmen a leading [or major] group/company9. (besonders gut) bigim Meckern ist sie ganz \groß she's quite good at moaningich bin kein \großer Esser/Trinker I'm not a big eater/drinkerich bin kein \großer Redner I'm no [or not a] great speaker10. (in Eigennamen)▪ ... der G\große... the GreatFriedrich der G\große Frederick the Great11. (großes Glas) large, bignach den drei \großen Bier war ich ziemlich angeheitert I felt quite merry fam [or fam tipsy] after three pints [of beer]12.▶ im G\großen und Ganzen [gesehen] on the whole, by and largeich habe nur \großes Geld I haven't any change on me; s.a. kleinII. advwas ist da jetzt schon \groß dabei! big deal! famer hat sich aber nicht gerade \groß für uns eingesetzt! he didn't exactly do very much [or put himself out much] for us!was soll man da schon \groß sagen? you can't really say very muchich habe mich nie \groß für Politik interessiert I've never been particularly interested in politics\groß einsteigen to go in for sth in a big waysie ist ganz \groß in die Politik eingestiegen she's gone into politics in a big way2. (von weitem Ausmaß)\groß angelegt large-scaleeine \groß angelegte Offensive a full-scale offensive [or attack3. MODE4. (nicht klein)5.* * *1.größer, größt... Adjektiv1) big; big, large <house, window, area, room, etc.>; large < pack, size, can, etc.>; great <length, width, height>; tall < person>große Eier/Kartoffeln — large eggs/potatoes
eine große Terz/Sekunde — (Musik) a major third/second
ein großes Bier, bitte — a pint, please
2) (eine bestimmte Größe aufweisend)1 m2/2 ha groß — 1 m2/2 ha in area
sie ist 1,75 m groß — she is 1.75 m tall
doppelt/dreimal so groß wie... — twice/three times the size of...
3) (älter) big <brother, sister>seine größere Schwester — his elder sister
unsere Große/unser Großer — our eldest or oldest daughter/son
4) (erwachsen) grown-up <children, son, daughter>[mit etwas] groß werden — grow up [with something]
die Großen — (Erwachsene) the grown-ups; (ältere Kinder) the older children
Groß und Klein — old and young [alike]
5) (lange dauernd) long, lengthy <delay, talk, explanation, pause>die großen Ferien — (Schulw.) the summer holidays or (Amer.) long vacation sing.
die große Pause — (Schulw.) [mid-morning] break
große Summen/Kosten — large sums/heavy costs
eine große Auswahl — a wide selection or range
7) (außerordentlich) great <pleasure, pain, hunger, anxiety, hurry, progress, difficulty, mistake, importance>; intense <heat, cold>; high < speed>ihre/seine große Liebe — her/his great love
ein großer Augenblick/Tag — a great moment/day
große Worte — grand or fine words
die Großen [der Welt] — the great figures [of our world]
die große Dame/den großen Herrn spielen — (iron.) play the fine lady/gentleman
10) (bedeutend) great, major < artist, painter, work>Katharina die Große — Catherine the Great; s. auch Karl
11) (wesentlich)die große Linie/der große Zusammenhang — the basic line/the overall context
in großen Zügen od. Umrissen — in broad outline
im Großen [und] Ganzen — by and large; on the whole
ein großes Herz haben — be great-hearted
13) (ugs.): (großspurig)2.1)groß geschrieben werden — (fig. ugs.) be stressed or emphasized
groß machen — (Kinderspr.) do number two (child lang.)
2) (ugs.): (aufwendig)3) (ugs.): (besonders) greatly; particularly4) (ugs.): (großartig)sie steht ganz groß da — she has made it big (coll.) or made the big time (coll.)
* * *A. adj1. big (besonders gefühlsbetont); Haus, Fläche etc: large; Land: vast; Baum, Gebäude etc: (hoch) tall; (riesig) huge; Person: tall;ein großes Gebäude a big(, tall) building;der Große Ozean GEOG the Pacific (Ocean);die Großen Seen GEOG the Great Lakes;große Zehe big toe;großer Buchstabe capital letter;Gut mit großem G good with a capital G;wir sprechen hier von Geiz mit einem großen G fig, pej we’re talking about meanness with a capital M here;groß machen/müssen kinderspr do/have to do big jobs2. an Ausmaß, Intensität, Wert etc: great; Fehler, Lärm, Unterschied etc: auch big; Entfernung: great, long; Geschwindigkeit: high; Hitze, Kälte, Schmerzen etc: intense; Kälte: auch severe; Verlust: heavy; Wissen: extensive, wide; (tief) profound; MUS, Intervall, Terz: major; Angeber, Angsthase, Feigling etc: terrible, dreadful;wir waren zu Hause eine große Familie we were a large family;große Ferien summer holiday(s), long vacation;zu meiner großen Freude to my great joy ( oder pleasure);wie komme ich an das große Geld? umg how do I get into the big money?;großes Glück haben be very lucky;großen Hunger haben be very hungry; stärker: be starving;große Mehrheit great majority;große Pause long (mid-morning) break;ein Fest im großen Rahmen a celebration on the grand scale;große Schritte machen make great progress;zum großen Teil largely, for the most part;3. mit Maßangabe:wie groß ist er? how tall is he?;er ist … groß he’s … (tall); das Grundstückist 600 m2groß is 600 metres (US -ers) square;gleich groß Personen: the same height, as tall as each other; Flächen, Kleidungsstücke etc: the same size;so groß wie ein Fußballfeld the size of a football pitch (US soccer field);war dreimal so groß wie der der Konkurrenz was three times that of our rivalsgroße Schwester big sister;groß werden Kinder: grow up;zu groß werden für outgrow sth, get too big for;er ist nur ein großes Kind he’s just a big baby;Groß und Klein young and old5. fig Augenblick, Entdeckung, Erfolg, Tag, Tat etc: great; (bedeutend) major, important; (großartig) grand, magnificent; Pläne, Ziele: great, grand, big; Künstler, Dichter etc: great;große Worte big words;Friedrich der Große Frederick the Great;Karl der Große Charlemagne;die große Dame/den großen Herrn spielen iron play the great lady/lord;große Reden schwingen iron talk big;Groß und Klein standesmäßig: high and low6. (allgemein, wesentlich) broad, general;den großen Zusammenhang erkennen see the big picture;im großen Ganzen overall;in großen Zügen in broad outline7. umg (gut):das war ganz groß! that was really great!;große Klasse she’s really good ( oder she’s brilliant) at arithmetic;im Angeben/Geldausgeben ist er (ganz) groß iron he’s very good at showing off/spending money;ich bin kein großer Freund von Partys/Suppe I’m not a great one for parties/soup, I’m not particularly fond of parties/soup;er ist ein großer Schweiger/kein großer Esser he’s not a great talker/eater8. (edel):in großer Aufmachung Bericht etc: prominently featured, splashed across the page; Person: in full dress;B. adv1. big;groß gedruckt in large letters ( oder print);groß gemustert with a large pattern;groß kariert large-checked;er sah mich nur groß an he just stared at me;groß und breit dastehen umg, unübersehbar: stand out; stärker: stick out like a sore thumb; → auch großschreiben, großgebaut etc2. (aufwändig):groß angelegt Aktion etc: large-scale, full-scale;groß ausgehen umg have a real night out;jemanden/etwas groß herausbringen umg pull out all the stops for sb/sth, give sb/sth a tremendous build-up3. umg:groß auftreten act big;groß daherreden talk big5. (gut):groß in Form in great form;beim Publikum groß ankommen be a big hit with the audience;ganz groß dastehen (Erfolg haben) do brilliantly6. umg:er kümmert sich nicht groß darum he doesn’t really bother about it;was ist schon groß dabei? so what?, US auch (so) what’s the big deal?;was gibt es da groß zu sagen? what can you say?;was gibt’s da noch groß zu fragen? is there really anything more we need to ask?;was kann das schon groß kosten? it can’t be very expensive, can it?;was war los? -was soll schon groß gewesen sein? what do you think happened?* * *1.größer, größt... Adjektiv1) big; big, large <house, window, area, room, etc.>; large <pack, size, can, etc.>; great <length, width, height>; tall < person>große Eier/Kartoffeln — large eggs/potatoes
eine große Terz/Sekunde — (Musik) a major third/second
ein großes Bier, bitte — a pint, please
1 m2/2 ha groß — 1 m2/2 ha in area
sie ist 1,75 m groß — she is 1.75 m tall
doppelt/dreimal so groß wie... — twice/three times the size of...
3) (älter) big <brother, sister>unsere Große/unser Großer — our eldest or oldest daughter/son
4) (erwachsen) grown-up <children, son, daughter>[mit etwas] groß werden — grow up [with something]
die Großen — (Erwachsene) the grown-ups; (ältere Kinder) the older children
Groß und Klein — old and young [alike]
5) (lange dauernd) long, lengthy <delay, talk, explanation, pause>die großen Ferien — (Schulw.) the summer holidays or (Amer.) long vacation sing.
die große Pause — (Schulw.) [mid-morning] break
große Summen/Kosten — large sums/heavy costs
eine große Auswahl — a wide selection or range
7) (außerordentlich) great <pleasure, pain, hunger, anxiety, hurry, progress, difficulty, mistake, importance>; intense <heat, cold>; high < speed>ihre/seine große Liebe — her/his great love
ein großer Augenblick/Tag — a great moment/day
große Worte — grand or fine words
[k]eine große Rolle spielen — [not] play a great or an important part
die Großen [der Welt] — the great figures [of our world]
9) nicht präd. (glanzvoll) grand <celebration, ball, etc.>die große Dame/den großen Herrn spielen — (iron.) play the fine lady/gentleman
10) (bedeutend) great, major <artist, painter, work>Katharina die Große — Catherine the Great; s. auch Karl
11) (wesentlich)die große Linie/der große Zusammenhang — the basic line/the overall context
in großen Zügen od. Umrissen — in broad outline
im Großen [und] Ganzen — by and large; on the whole
13) (ugs.): (großspurig)2.große Reden schwingen od. (salopp) Töne spucken — talk big (coll.)
1)groß geschrieben werden — (fig. ugs.) be stressed or emphasized
groß machen — (Kinderspr.) do number two (child lang.)
2) (ugs.): (aufwendig)3) (ugs.): (besonders) greatly; particularly4) (ugs.): (großartig)sie steht ganz groß da — she has made it big (coll.) or made the big time (coll.)
* * *adj.ample adj.big adj.capital adj.great adj.heavyset adj.large adj.sizable adj.tall adj. adv.largely adv.sizably adv. -
10 force(s)
сила; группа; группировка; формирования; части и соединения [подразделения]; мор. отряд; соединение; pl. войска, силы; вооруженные силы, ВС; форсироватьACE mobile force(s), Air — мобильные ВВС ОВС НАТО в Европе
ACE mobile force(s), Land — мобильные СВ ОВС НАТО в Европе
Air forces, Gulf — Бр. ВВС в районе Персидского залива
Air forces, Northern Army Group BBC — Северной группы армий (ОВС НАТО в Европе)
Allied forces, Central [Northern, Southern] Europe — ОВС НАТО на Центрально-Европейском [Северо-Европейском, Южно-Европейском] ТВД
Allied forces, Europe OBC — НАТО в Европе
Allied Land forces, Northern [Southern] Europe — ОСВ НАТО на Северо-Европейском [Южно-Европейском] ТВД
Allied Naval forces, Northern [Southern] Europe — ОВМС НАТО на Северо-Европейском [Южно-Европейском] ТВД
carrier submarine detection [search] and striking force — ПЛ авианосная поисково-ударная группа
earmarked (for assignment) forces — войска [силы], выделенные [предназначенные] для передачи в оперативное подчинение (командования НАТО)
insert a force (into the area) — высаживать десант; десантировать (часть, подразделение)
mobile logistical (support) force — соединение сил [судов] подвижного тылового обеспечения (ВМС)
mobile logistics (support) force — соединение сил [судов] подвижного тылового обеспечения (ВМС)
NATO-earmarked (for assignment) forces — войска, выделенные [предназначенные] для передачи в оперативное подчинение командования НАТО
On-Call Naval force, Mediterranean — оперативное соединение ОВМС НАТО на Средиземном море для действий по вызову
rapid deployment force, Air — авиационный компонент СВР
rapid deployment force, Army — сухопутный компонент СВР
rapid deployment force, Navy — военноморской компонент СВР
special service force (mobile command) — Кан. группа войск специального назначения (мобильного командования)
Standing Naval force, Atlantic — постоянное оперативное соединение ОВМС НАТО на Атлантике
UN Peace Keeping forces, Cyprus — ВС ООН по поддержанию мира на Кипре
US forces, Europe — ВС США в Европейской зоне
— ACE mobile forces— amphibious assault force— BM force— conventional armed forces— counterforce-capable forces— divert forces from— experimental naval forces— fleet-based air force— frontier-guarding force— garrison forces— in force— international forces— link-up force— main battle forces— nuclear forces— special action forces— tactical nuclear-capable forces— unconventional warfare forces— visiting armed force -
11 force(s)
сила; группа; группировка; формирования; части и соединения [подразделения]; мор. отряд; соединение; pl. войска, силы; вооруженные силы, ВС; форсироватьACE mobile force(s), Air — мобильные ВВС ОВС НАТО в Европе
ACE mobile force(s), Land — мобильные СВ ОВС НАТО в Европе
Air forces, Gulf — Бр. ВВС в районе Персидского залива
Air forces, Northern Army Group BBC — Северной группы армий (ОВС НАТО в Европе)
Allied forces, Central [Northern, Southern] Europe — ОВС НАТО на Центрально-Европейском [Северо-Европейском, Южно-Европейском] ТВД
Allied forces, Europe OBC — НАТО в Европе
Allied Land forces, Northern [Southern] Europe — ОСВ НАТО на Северо-Европейском [Южно-Европейском] ТВД
Allied Naval forces, Northern [Southern] Europe — ОВМС НАТО на Северо-Европейском [Южно-Европейском] ТВД
carrier submarine detection [search] and striking force — ПЛ авианосная поисково-ударная группа
earmarked (for assignment) forces — войска [силы], выделенные [предназначенные] для передачи в оперативное подчинение (командования НАТО)
insert a force (into the area) — высаживать десант; десантировать (часть, подразделение)
mobile logistical (support) force — соединение сил [судов] подвижного тылового обеспечения (ВМС)
mobile logistics (support) force — соединение сил [судов] подвижного тылового обеспечения (ВМС)
NATO-earmarked (for assignment) forces — войска, выделенные [предназначенные] для передачи в оперативное подчинение командования НАТО
On-Call Naval force, Mediterranean — оперативное соединение ОВМС НАТО на Средиземном море для действий по вызову
rapid deployment force, Air — авиационный компонент СВР
rapid deployment force, Army — сухопутный компонент СВР
rapid deployment force, Navy — военноморской компонент СВР
special service force (mobile command) — Кан. группа войск специального назначения (мобильного командования)
Standing Naval force, Atlantic — постоянное оперативное соединение ОВМС НАТО на Атлантике
UN Peace Keeping forces, Cyprus — ВС ООН по поддержанию мира на Кипре
US forces, Europe — ВС США в Европейской зоне
— ACE mobile forces— amphibious assault force— BM force— conventional armed forces— counterforce-capable forces— divert forces from— experimental naval forces— fleet-based air force— frontier-guarding force— garrison forces— in force— international forces— link-up force— main battle forces— nuclear forces— special action forces— tactical nuclear-capable forces— unconventional warfare forces— visiting armed force -
12 operation
операция; кампания; боевые [военные] действия; бой; сражение; эксплуатация; обслуживание; работа; pl. оперативное управление [отдел, отделение]; см. тж. action, battle, combatcounter C3 operation — операция [действия] против систем руководства, управления и связи [оперативного управления и связи]
counternaval forces naval operation (in closed or open offshore areas) — морская операция по разгрому ВМС противника (в закрытых или прилегающих к побережью открытых морских районах)
— breaching operation— exploitation-type operation— guarding security operations— missile operations— tactical operations— urban ized operations* * * -
13 weapon
оружие; система оружия; боевое [огневое] средство; боеприпас; средство поражения; АБ; pl. вооружение, боевая техника; оснащать оружием, вооружать; см. тж. cannon, gun, missile, systemdepressed trajectory (capability) weapon — орудие для настильной стрельбы; боеприпас с пологой траекторией (подхода к цели)
enhanced (penetrating) radiation weapon — оружие с повышенным уровнем [выходом] начальной [проникающей] радиации
ethnic (group selection) weapon — этническое оружие, поражающее отдельные группы населения
neutral (charge) beam weapon — пучковое оружие; оружие, поражающее узконаправленным потоком нейтральных частиц
reduced blast and heat (nuclear) weapon — ЯО с пониженным действием ударной волны и теплового [светового] излучения
— acoustic wave weapon— aerial warfare weapon— antiarmor-capable weapon— dirty nuclear weapon— fission -type weapon— flame-blast weapon— fusion-type weapon— genetic weapon— high-yield nuclear weapon— howitzer-type weapon— limited-yield nuclear weapon— loader's station weapon— low-yield nuclear weapon— medium-yield nuclear weapon— nominal nuclear weapon— optimum-yield nuclear weapon— point-target weapon— recoil-energy operated weapon— rifled-bore weapon— satellite-borne weapon— second-strike retaliatory weapon— supporting weapon— vehicle-mounted weapon -
14 groß
1) (flächenmäßig, räumlich ausgedehnt) large, big2) (\großes Glas) large, big;nach den drei \großen Bier war ich ziemlich angeheitert I felt quite merry ( fam); [or ( fam) tipsy] after three pints [of beer];3) ( lang) long;4) ( das Maß oder Ausmaß betreffend) great;mit \großer Geschwindigkeit at high [or great] speed;im G\groß einkaufen to buy in bulk5) (hoch, hoch gewachsen) tall;du bist \groß geworden you've grown;er ist 1,78 m \groß he is 5 foot 10 [or 1.78m] [tall];ein \großer Baum/eine \große Vase a tall tree/vase6) ( älter) big, elder, older;die G\großen ( die Erwachsenen) the grown-ups;( ältere Kinder) the older children;das ist Anita, unsere G\große this is Anita, our eldest;wenn ich \groß bin when I'm grown up;G\groß und Klein young and old [alike];7) ( zeitlich ausgedehnt) long, lengthy;auf große[r] Fahrt on a long journey8) ( bevölkerungsreich) large, big;( zahlreich) large;die \große Masse most [or the majority] of the people;ein \großer Teil der Bevölkerung a large part of the population9) ( erheblich) great;ein \großer Aufstieg a meteoric rise;ein \großer Durchbruch/ Reinfall a major breakthrough/disaster;ein \großer Misserfolg an abject [or a dismal] failureein \großer Betrag a large amount;eine \große Preissteigerung a massive price rise [or increase];11) ( beträchtlich) great;eine \große Beeinträchtigung a major impairment;eine \große Dummheit sheer stupidity;[eine] \große Enttäuschung [a] great [or deep] [or profound] disappointment;\großes Leid great [or deep] [or profound] sorrow;\große Nachfrage a big demand;ein \großer Schrecken a nasty fright;\große Schwierigkeiten serious [or real] trouble;\große Wut unbridled fury;\großer Zorn deep [or profound] anger;was für eine \große Freude! how delightful!;du redest ganz \großen Unsinn you're talking complete rubbishein \großer Konzern/ Supermarkt/ein \großes Unternehmen a leading [or major] group/supermarket/company;[etwas/nichts] G\großes [something/nothing] great;sie hat in ihrem Leben nichts G\großes geleistet she never achieved anything great [or major] in her life, she did not achieve great things in her life;mit diesem Gemälde hat sie etwas G\großes geschaffen she has created something great [or profound] with this painting; s. a. kleinwas ist denn da auf der Straße für ein \großer Lärm? what's all that noise in the street?;wir bekamen \großen Beifall we received loud applause;macht doch nicht so einen \großen Lärm! don't make so much noise!14) ( in Eigennamen)... der G\große... the Great;Friedrich der G\große Frederick the Great15) (besonders [gut]) big;im Meckern ist sie ganz \groß she's quite good at moaning;ich bin kein \großer Esser/ Trinker I'm not a big eater/drinker;ich bin kein \großer Redner I'm no [or not a] great speakerWENDUNGEN:im G\großen und Ganzen [gesehen] on the whole, by and large; s. a. Terz, Geld, Massewas ist da jetzt schon \groß dabei! big deal! ( fam)er hat sich aber nicht gerade \groß für uns eingesetzt! he didn't exactly do very much [or put himself out much] for us!;was soll man da schon \groß sagen? you can't really say very much;ich habe mich nie \groß für Politik interessiert I've never been particularly interested in politics;\groß einsteigen to go in for sth in a big way;sie ist ganz \groß in die Politik eingestiegen she's gone into politics in a big way;2) modeetw größer machen to let out sth sep3) ( von weitem Ausmaß)\groß angelegt large-scale;eine \groß angelegte Offensive a full-scale offensive [or attack];4) ( nicht klein)WENDUNGEN:\groß und breit ( fam) at great length; -
15 queja
f.1 complaint (protesta).presentar una queja to make o lodge a complaint (formalmente)tener queja de algo/alguien to have a complaint about something/somebody2 moan, groan (lamento).pres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: quejar.imperat.2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: quejar.* * *1 (descontento) complaint2 (de dolor) moan, groan\dar queja de algo/alguien to complaint about something/somebodypresentar una queja DERECHO to lodge a complaintno tener queja de alguien to have no complaints about somebody* * *noun f.1) complaint2) protest* * *SF1) (=reclamación) [gen] complaint; [refunfuñando] grumble, grouse *; [con rencor] grudge, resentmentpresentar una queja — to make o lodge a complaint
2) (=gemido) moan, groan3) (Jur) protest* * *a) ( protesta) complaint* * *= complaint, cry, discontent, grievance, remonstration, demand, hand-wringing, reproach, axe + to grind, gripe, whining, jeremiad, beef, plaint, letter of complaint, nag, niggle.Ex. CACs have dealt with pre-shopping advice, education on consumers' rights and complaints about goods and services, advising the client and often obtaining expert assessments.Ex. The cry is often heard that it is impossible to put nonbook materials on open shelves because they will be stolen.Ex. No one complained about Duff to her, and she decided not to probe for discontents.Ex. So, in the bicentennial spirit here's a three-point bill of particulars or grievances (in addition to what was mentioned previously with respect to offensive or unauthentic terms).Ex. Interestingly enough, the immediate effect of Bodley's remonstrations was the inclusion in the inventory lists of additional separate entries for books bound with other books.Ex. Demands from clients will often throw up an occurrence of similar problems, revealing perhaps the operation of an injustice, the lack of an amenity in the neighbourhood, or simply bureaucratic inefficiency.Ex. The book is simply an occasion for ritual hand-wringing about Northern Ireland's troubled past and present troubles = El libro es simplemente una ocasión para lamentarse sobre los problemas pasados y presentes de Irlanda del Norte.Ex. A standing reproach to all librarians is the non-user.Ex. The seventeenth century could tolerate the growth of a public library which was committed to the spread of knowledge without any particular axe to grind other than the rather vague one of promoting a happy Christian state.Ex. The article 'Interlibrary loan: automation, whither thou goest; some gripes and an accolade' advises postponing automation until dedicated funds are available and hardware is standardized.Ex. Electronic, peer review journals provide the clearest examples of the value of the Internet as a medium for serious scholarship, a counterpoint to whinings over digital disinformation and knowledge fragmentation.Ex. He offers an antidote to modern-day jeremiads that criticize easily duped consumers.Ex. My major beef about ProCite (and it's actually true of Reference Manager as well) is that the import filters are not updated.Ex. A common plaint among some critics is that resemblance is a necessary condition of pictorial representation.Ex. In the course of reading this article, you may spot a factual error which makes you bristle, or you may think the writing is biased, but by now the ink has dried; all you can do is send a letter of complaint.Ex. The article is entitled 'One last nag or two or three: it's the last chance this year for vendors to take my advice: put users first!'.Ex. Wilson was limping around so he must have picked up a knock or aggravated a niggle that he already had.----* atender quejas = handle + complaints.* dar lugar a queja = evoke + complaint.* desbaratar las quejas = disarm + complaints.* después de la queja = postcomplaint [post-complaint].* expresar queja = voice + complaint.* interponer una queja = file + complaint, file + grievance.* invalidar las quejas = disarm + complaints.* motivo de queja = pet peeve.* persona que se queja = complainant.* posterior a la queja = postcomplaint [post-complaint].* presentar una queja = register + complaint, lodge + complaint, file + complaint, file + grievance.* quejas = grumbling(s).* * *a) ( protesta) complaint* * *= complaint, cry, discontent, grievance, remonstration, demand, hand-wringing, reproach, axe + to grind, gripe, whining, jeremiad, beef, plaint, letter of complaint, nag, niggle.Ex: CACs have dealt with pre-shopping advice, education on consumers' rights and complaints about goods and services, advising the client and often obtaining expert assessments.
Ex: The cry is often heard that it is impossible to put nonbook materials on open shelves because they will be stolen.Ex: No one complained about Duff to her, and she decided not to probe for discontents.Ex: So, in the bicentennial spirit here's a three-point bill of particulars or grievances (in addition to what was mentioned previously with respect to offensive or unauthentic terms).Ex: Interestingly enough, the immediate effect of Bodley's remonstrations was the inclusion in the inventory lists of additional separate entries for books bound with other books.Ex: Demands from clients will often throw up an occurrence of similar problems, revealing perhaps the operation of an injustice, the lack of an amenity in the neighbourhood, or simply bureaucratic inefficiency.Ex: The book is simply an occasion for ritual hand-wringing about Northern Ireland's troubled past and present troubles = El libro es simplemente una ocasión para lamentarse sobre los problemas pasados y presentes de Irlanda del Norte.Ex: A standing reproach to all librarians is the non-user.Ex: The seventeenth century could tolerate the growth of a public library which was committed to the spread of knowledge without any particular axe to grind other than the rather vague one of promoting a happy Christian state.Ex: The article 'Interlibrary loan: automation, whither thou goest; some gripes and an accolade' advises postponing automation until dedicated funds are available and hardware is standardized.Ex: Electronic, peer review journals provide the clearest examples of the value of the Internet as a medium for serious scholarship, a counterpoint to whinings over digital disinformation and knowledge fragmentation.Ex: He offers an antidote to modern-day jeremiads that criticize easily duped consumers.Ex: My major beef about ProCite (and it's actually true of Reference Manager as well) is that the import filters are not updated.Ex: A common plaint among some critics is that resemblance is a necessary condition of pictorial representation.Ex: In the course of reading this article, you may spot a factual error which makes you bristle, or you may think the writing is biased, but by now the ink has dried; all you can do is send a letter of complaint.Ex: The article is entitled 'One last nag or two or three: it's the last chance this year for vendors to take my advice: put users first!'.Ex: Wilson was limping around so he must have picked up a knock or aggravated a niggle that he already had.* atender quejas = handle + complaints.* dar lugar a queja = evoke + complaint.* desbaratar las quejas = disarm + complaints.* después de la queja = postcomplaint [post-complaint].* expresar queja = voice + complaint.* interponer una queja = file + complaint, file + grievance.* invalidar las quejas = disarm + complaints.* motivo de queja = pet peeve.* persona que se queja = complainant.* posterior a la queja = postcomplaint [post-complaint].* presentar una queja = register + complaint, lodge + complaint, file + complaint, file + grievance.* quejas = grumbling(s).* * *1 (protesta) complaintpresentar una queja to make o lodge o file a complaintnunca hemos tenido motivo de queja con él he has never given us any cause for complaintme han dado quejas de ti I've received complaints about youestoy harto de tus constantes quejas I've had enough of your endless complaining* * *
Del verbo quejarse: ( conjugate quejarse)
se queja es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo
queja sustantivo femenino ( protesta) complaint;
queja sustantivo femenino
1 (reproche, protesta) complaint: no tenemos ninguna queja de ella, we've got no complaints about her
han presentado una queja a la administración, they complained to the administration
2 (de dolor) groan, moan
' queja' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
encima
- escrita
- escrito
- llorica
- presentar
- reclamación
- todavía
- embargo
- formular
- protesta
- reclamo
- reporte
- vicio
English:
air
- complaint
- file
- fuss
- grievance
- gripe
- grouse
- grumble
- lodge
- moan
- never
- strident
* * *queja nf1. [lamento] moan, groan2. [protesta] complaint;tener queja de algo/alguien to have a complaint about sth/sb;no tienes ningún motivo de queja you've got nothing to complain about, you've no cause for complaint;no me ha dado ningún motivo de queja I've got no complaints about him* * *f complaint;no tener queja de alguien have no complaints about s.o.* * *queja nf: complaint* * *queja n1. (protesta) complaint2. (grito) moan / groan -
16 grob
rough; unceremonious; uncivil; uncouth; churlish; gross; crass; rude; blunt; harsh; crude; coarse* * *[groːp]1. adj comp ordm;er['grøːbɐ] superl ordm;ste(r, s) ['grøːpstə]2) (= ungefähr) roughin gróben Umrissen — roughly
den gröbsten Schmutz habe ich schon weggeputzt — I have already cleaned off the worst of the dirt
ein gróber Fehler — a bad mistake, a gross error
wir sind aus dem Gröbsten heraus — we're out of the woods (now), we can see the light at the end of the tunnel (now)
gróbe Fahrlässigkeit — gross negligence
auf einen gróben Klotz gehört ein gróber Keil (Prov) — one must answer rudeness with rudeness
See:→ Geschütz2. adv comp ordm; er,superl am ordm;sten1)(= nicht fein)
grób zerkleinen/hacken — to chop coarselygrób gemahlen — coarsely ground
grób mahlen — to grind coarsely
2)(= ungefähr)
grób geschätzt/gemessen/gerechnet — approximately, roughly, at a rough estimateetw grób umreißen/skizzieren — to give a rough idea of sth
etw grób wiedergeben — to give a superficial or an approximate account of sth
3)4) (= brutal) anfassen, behandeln roughly; massieren hard, roughly; (= unhöflich) rudely; (= barsch) curtlygrób mit jdm umspringen — to rough sb up
jdm grób kommen (inf) — to get coarse with sb
* * *1) coarsely3) bluntly4) (very obvious or very great: a crass mistake.) crass5) (stupid.) crass6) (insensitive.) crass7) (rough or primitive: a crude shelter.) crude8) (very bad: gross errors/indecency.) gross9) (vulgar: gross behaviour/language.) gross10) rudely11) (not polite; showing bad manners: rude behaviour.) rude12) (roughly made: a rustic fence.) rustic* * *< gröber, gröbste>[ˈgro:p]I. adj1. (nicht fein) coarse\grobe Hände coarse [or rough] hands▪ das G\grobe the dirty work2. (derb) coarse, uncouth\grobe Manieren coarse manners3. (ungefähr) rougheine \grobe Erklärung an approximate explanation\grobe Schätzung rough estimatein \groben Umrissen [o Zügen] roughly4. (unhöflich) rude▪ \grob werden to become rude [or abusive5. (unsanft, unsensibel) roughein \grober Mensch a rough person6. (schlimm) bad, seriouseine \grobe Lüge a terrible lie7.▶ aus dem Gröbsten heraus sein to be over the worst [of it] [or able to see the light at the end of the tunnelII. adv1. (nicht fein) coarsely\grob gemahlen coarsely ground pred, coarse-ground2. (in etwa) roughlyetw \grob erklären to give a rough explanation of sth [or explain sth roughly]etw \grob skizzieren [o umreißen] to make a rough outline of sth [or outline sth roughly]etw \grob wiedergeben to give a rough account of sth3. (unhöflich) rudelyjdn \grob zurechtweisen to rudely reprimand sb4. (unsanft, unsensibel) roughlyjdn \grob behandeln to treat sb roughly5. (schlimm)jdn \grob belügen to lie barefaced to sb* * *1.1) coarse < sand, gravel, paper, sieve, etc.>; thick < wire>; rough, dirty < work>2) (ungefähr) roughein grober Fehler/Irrtum — a bad mistake or gross error
aus dem Gröbsten heraus sein — (ugs.) be over the worst
4) (barsch) coarse; rudegrob werden — become abusive or rude
2.grob [zu jemandem] sein — be rough [with somebody]
1) coarselygrobgemahlen — coarsely ground; coarse-ground
2) (ungefähr) roughly3) (schwerwiegend) grossly4) (barsch) coarsely; rudely5) (nicht sanft) roughly* * *grob; gröber, am gröbstenA. adj1. Feile, Filter, Gesichtszüge, Stoff etc: coarse; (rau) auch rough; (unverarbeitet) raw, crude; (unfertig) unfinished2. Kies, Sand etc: coarse-grained;grob gemahlen Kaffee, Mehl: coarse-groundgrobe Entfernung approximate distance;in groben Zügen very roughlyer ist der Mann fürs Grobe umg he’s a man who doesn’t mind getting his hands dirty ( oder doing the dirty work)5. pej Person, Benehmen: coarse; (ungehobelt) uncouth; (roh) very rough, brutal; (unhöflich, beleidigend) rude; (geradeheraus) bluff, blunt; (ordinär) crude;grob werden be rude (gegen to), get offensive (toward[s]);auf einen groben Klotz gehört ein grober Keil fig sprichw rudeness is best answered with rudenessgrobe Fahrlässigkeit gross negligence;Schnitzer grave mistake, blunder;grobe Lüge downright ( oder flagrant) lie;grober Unfug public nuisance, breach of the peace;grober Verstoß (gegen) JUR grievous offence (US -se) (gegen), gross violation (of); → gröber, gröbst…B. adv coarsely etc; → A;grob gerechnet roughly, at a rough estimate;grob geschätzt at a rough guess;grob schätzen make a rough guess at;grob umreißen give a rough outline of;jemandem grob kommen be rude to sb, get offensive towards sb;grob fahrlässig JUR grossly negligent* * *1.2) (ungefähr) rough3) (schwerwiegend) gross; flagrant < lie>ein grober Fehler/Irrtum — a bad mistake or gross error
aus dem Gröbsten heraus sein — (ugs.) be over the worst
4) (barsch) coarse; rudegrob werden — become abusive or rude
5) (nicht sanft) rough2.grob [zu jemandem] sein — be rough [with somebody]
1) coarselygrobgemahlen — coarsely ground; coarse-ground
2) (ungefähr) roughly3) (schwerwiegend) grossly4) (barsch) coarsely; rudely5) (nicht sanft) roughly* * *adj.coarse adj.crass adj.crude adj.gruff adj.raw adj.rough adj.uncivil adj.uncouth adj.unsubtle adj. adv.bluntly adv.coarsely adv.crassly adv.gruffly adv.roughly adv.rudely adv.truculently adv.uncouthly adv. -
17 weapon
n зброя- absolute weapons абсолютна зброя- anti-forces weapons зброя для ураження супротивних сил- anti-material weapons зброя для ураження бойової техніки- anti-personnel weapons зброя для ураження живої сили- atomic weapons атомна/ ядерна зброя- bacteriological weapons бактеріологічна зброя- basic weapons основна стрілецька зброя- biological weapons біологічна зброя- chemical weapons хімічна зброя- conventional weapons звичайна зброя- enhanced radiation weapons ядерна зброя підвищеної радіації, нейтронна зброя- fission weapons атомна ядерна зброя- fusion weapons термоядерна зброя- guided weapons керована зброя- lethal weapons смертельна/ смертоносна зброя- limited nuclear weapons тактична ядерна зброя- major weapons основні види озброєнь- mass destruction weapons зброя масового ураження/ знищення- minor weapons другорядні види озброєнь- neutron weapons нейтронна зброя- new generation weapons нове покоління зброї; зброя нового покоління- nuclear weapons атомна/ ядерна зброя- nuclear weapon state ядерна держава- nuclear weapon test ядерні випробовування, випробування ядерної зброї- offensive weapons наступальна зброя- retaliatory weapon зброя для нанесення відповідного удару/ удару у відповідь- sophisticated weapons найновіші види озброєнь, сучасна зброя- strategic nuclear weapons стратегічна ядерна зброя- tactical nuclear weapons (TNWs) тактична ядерна зброя- theatre nuclear weapons ядерна зброя театру воєнних дій- thermonuclear weapon термоядерна зброя- ultimate weapons абсолютна зброя- unconventional weapons особливі/ незвичайні види озброєнь (ядерна, хімічна, бактеріологічна зброя), засоби масового знищення- vengeance weapon зброя відплати, засіб нанесення відповідного удару- weapons of mass annihilation зброя масового знищення- weapons of mass extermination зброя масового знищення- weapons of mass destruction зброя масового знищення- weapons of war засоби ведення війни- weapons of warfare засоби ведення війни- abolition of nuclear weapons ліквідація ядерної зброї- accumulation of weapons накопичення зброї- acquision of nuclear weapons придбання ядерної зброї- cessation of the production of nuclear weapons припинення виробництва ядерної зброї- control of nuclear weapon контроль над ядерною зброєю- disposal of chemical weapons ліквідація хімічної зброї- dissemination of nuclear weapons розповсюдження ядерної зброї- drive for ultimate weapon прагнення володіти "абсолютною зброєю"- elimination of chemical weapons ліквідація/ знищення хімічної зброї- health aspects of chemical and biological weapons вплив хімічної та біологічної зброї на здоров'я людей- limitation of conventional weapons обмеження звичайних видів озброєнь- limitation of offensive and defensive nuclear weapon systems обмеження наступальних і оборонних ядерних систем оборони- limited or partial use of nuclear weapons обмежене або часткове застосування ядерної зброї- manufacture of weapons виробництво зброї- production of weapons виробництво зброї- prohibition and elimination of all types of weapons of mass destruction заборона і ліквідація всіх видів зброї масового ураження- qualitative development of nuclear weapon якісний розвиток ядерної зброї- spread of nuclear weapons розповсюдження ядерної зброї- stockpiles of nuclear weapons запаси ядерної зброї- stockpiling of new weapons накопичення нових видів зброї/ озброєнь- testing of nuclear weapons випробування ядерної зброї- use of nuclear weapon використання ядерної зброї- to accept nuclear weapons визнати ядерну зброю- to accumulate weapons накопичувати зброю- to aquire biological weapons придбати біологічну зброю- to ban weapons of mass destruction заборонити зброю масового знищення- to deploy nuclear weapons встановити/ розмістити ядерну зброю- to design nuclear weapons розробляти/ проектувати ядерну зброю- to destroy nuclear weapons знищити ядерну зброю- to develop new types of weapons розробляти нові види зброї/ озброєнь- to emplace nuclear weapons розміщати ядерну зброю на дні океанів- to exclude all types of nuclear weapons from the arsenals of states вилучати всі види ядерної зброї з державних арсеналів- to halt the production of nuclear weapons зупинити виробництво ядерної зброї- to hinder the spread of nuclear weapons перешкоджати розповсюдженню ядерної зброї- to implant nuclear weapons розміщати ядерну зброю на дні океанів- to limit qualitatively strategic weapons якісно обмежити стратегічну зброю- to place restrictions on the size of strategic weapons systems ввести обмеження на розмір систем стратегічного озброєння- to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons запобігати розповсюдженню ядерної зброї- to reduce quantitatively strategic weapon кількісно обмежити стратегічну зброю- to refrain from acquiring nuclear weapons утриматися від придбання ядерної зброї- to remove the danger of the use of nuclear weapons запобігати використанню ядерної зброї, усунути небезпеку використання ядерної зброї- to renounce offensive chemical weapons відмовлятися від наступальної хімічної зброї- to secure non-proliferation of atomic weapons забезпечити нерозповсюдження атомної зброї- to station nuclear weapons встановити/ розмістити ядерну зброю- to store weapons накопичувати зброю -
18 Cunhal, Álvaro
(Barreirinhas)(1913-2005)Leader of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP), author, and ideologue. Álvaro Cunhai was a militant of the PCP since the 1930s and was secretary-general from 1961 to 1992. In the midst of Mikail Gorbachev's reforms and perestroika, Cunha refused to alter the PCP's orthodox commitment to the proletariat and Marxism-Leninism. Throughout a long career of participation in the PCP, Cunhal regularly held influential positions in the organization. In 1931, he joined the PCP while a law student in Lisbon and became secretary-general of the Portuguese Communist Youth/Juventude Comunista (JC) in 1935, which included membership in the PCP's central committee. He advanced to the PCP's secretariat in 1942, after playing a leading role in the reorganization of 1940-H that gave the party its present orthodox character. Cunhai dubbed himself "the adopted son of the proletariat" at the 1950 trial that sentenced him to 11 years in prison for communist activity. Because his father was a lawyer-painter-writer and Cunhai received a master's degree in law, his origins were neither peasant nor worker but petit-bourgeois. During his lifetime, he spent 13 years in prison, eight of which were in solitary confinement. On 3 January 1960, he and nine other mostly communist prisoners escaped from Peniche prison and fled the country. The party's main theoretician, Cunhal was elected secretary-general in 1961 and, along with other top leaders, directed the party from abroad while in exile.In the aftermath of the Revolution of 25 April 1974 that terminated the Estado Novo and ushered in democracy, Cunhal ended his exile and returned to Portugal. He played important roles in post-1974 political events ranging from leader of the communist offensive during the "hot summer" of 1975, positions of minister-without-portfolio in the first through fifth provisional governments, to his membership in parliament beginning in 1976.At the PCP's 14th Congress (1992), Carlos Carvalhas was elected secretary-general to replace Cunhal. Whatever official or unofficial position Cunhal held, however, automatically became an important position within the party. After stepping down as secretary-general, he was elected to head the party's National Council (eliminated in 1996). Many political observers have argued that Cunhal purposely picked a successor who could not outshine him, and it is true that Carvalhas does not have Cunhal's humanistic knowledge, lacks emotion, and is not as eloquent. Cunhai was known not only as a dynamic orator but also as an artist, novelist, and brilliant political tactician. He wrote under several pseudonyms, including Manuel Tiago, who published the well-known Até Amanhã, Camaradas, as well as the novel recently adapted for the film, Cinco Dias, Cinco Noites. Under his own name, he published as well a book on art theory entitled A Arte, O Artista E A Sociedade. He also published volumes of speeches and essays.Although he was among the most orthodox leaders of the major Western European Communist parties, Cunhal was not a puppet of the Soviet Union, as many claimed. He was not only a major leader at home, but also in the international communist movement. His orthodoxy was especially useful to the Soviets in their struggle to maintain cohesion in a movement threatened by division from the Eurocommunists in the 1970s. To conclude that Cunhal was a Soviet puppet is to ignore his independent decisions during the Revolution of 25 April 1974. At that time, the Soviets reportedly tried to slowCunhal's revolutionary drive because it ran counter to detente and other Soviet strategies.In many ways Cunhal's views were locked in the past. His perception and analyses of modern Portuguese revolutionary conditions did not alter radically from his experiences and analyses of revolutionary conditions in the 1940s. To Cunhal, although some conditions had changed, requiring tactical shifts, the major conflict was the same one that led to the creation of the Communist Information Bureau (Cominform) in 1947. The world was still divided into two camps: American and Western imperialism on one side, and socialism, with its goal to achieve the fullest of democracies, on the other. Cunhal continued to believe that Marxism-Leninism and scientific socialism provide the solutions to resolving the problems of the world until his death in 2005. -
19 grob;
gröber, am gröbstenI Adj.1. Feile, Filter, Gesichtszüge, Stoff etc.: coarse; (rau) auch rough; (unverarbeitet) raw, crude; (unfertig) unfinished3. (ungefähr) Schätzung, Skizze: rough; grobe Entfernung approximate distance; in groben Zügen very roughly4. Arbeit etc.: rough, heavy; sie haben ein Mädchen fürs Grobe they’ve got a girl ( oder maid) to do the dirty jobs; er ist der Mann fürs Grobe umg. he’s a man who doesn’t mind getting his hands dirty ( oder doing the dirty work)5. pej. Person, Benehmen: coarse; (ungehobelt) uncouth; (roh) very rough, brutal; (unhöflich, beleidigend) rude; (geradeheraus) bluff, blunt; (ordinär) crude; grob sein physisch: be rough; grob werden be rude ( gegen to), get offensive (toward[s]); auf einen groben Klotz gehört ein grober Keil fig. Sprichw. rudeness is best answered with rudeness6. (schlimm) serious, major; JUR. gross; grobe Fahrlässigkeit gross negligence; grober Fehler oder Schnitzer grave mistake, blunder; grobe Lüge downright ( oder flagrant) lie; grober Unfug public nuisance, breach of the peace; grober Verstoß ( gegen) JUR. grievous offen|ce (Am. -se) (gegen), gross violation (of); gröber, gröbst...II Adv. coarsely etc.; siehe I; grob gerechnet roughly, at a rough estimate; grob geschätzt at a rough guess; etw. grob schätzen make a rough guess at; etw. grob umreißen give a rough outline of; jemandem grob kommen be rude to s.o., get offensive towards s.o.; grob fahrlässig JUR. grossly negligent -
20 arm
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