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1 ἀρόω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `plough, plant' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. ἀρόσαιDialectal forms: Myc. aroura.Derivatives: ἀροτήρ m. (Il.); ἄροτος m. `ploughing, (ploughed) land, sowing-land' (Il.); *ἀρατύς in the month name Άράτυος - ἄροτρον `plow' (Il.) - ἄρουρα `sowing-land' (Il.).Etymology: Primary verb from * h₂erh₃-; the - h₃- gave - ο-, the -ᾰ in the Doric forms ἄρατρον, Άράτυος, fut. Herakl. ἀράσαντι, Ther. Rhod. ἐνάρατον comes from a verb ἀράω. - Lat. arāre, i̯-presents MIr. airim, Goth. arjan, Lith. ariù (inf. árti), OCS. orjǫ (inf. orati). With ἄροτρον agree: Arm. arawr, Lat. arātrum (with secondary ā), MIr. arathar, ONo. arðr; other formations are: Lith. árklas, OCS ralo (* arH-tlo-, resp. - dhlo); Toch. AB āre (\< * h₂erh₃-o- or * h₂erh₃-es-?). ἄρουρα is a derivation with -ι̯α from a verbal noun *ἄρο-Ϝαρ `plowing'. With *ἄροϜαρ, an old r\/n-stem (*h₂erh₃-ur̥, gen. * h₂rh₃-uen-s, cf. MIr. arbor (\< *aru̯r̥), gen. (OIr.) arbe (\< *aru̯ens) `corn'; Lat. arvus (\< * h₂erh₃-uo-?).Page in Frisk: 1,147-148Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀρόω
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2 γέρανος
Grammatical information: f. (m.)Meaning: `crane' (Il.), also metaph. (various kinds of) apparatus, and a fish name (s. Strömberg Fischnamen 120).Dialectal forms: Myc. kerenai dat. pl. \/kerenāhi\/ s. R.Ph. 73 (1999) 84 (doubtful).Derivatives: γερανίς kind of bandage (medic.). γερανῖτις name of a stone (Plin., s. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 53), γερανίας `with a crane (neck)' (Phryn.), γεράνιον `geranium', also called γερανογέρων (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 54 und 159). - See Thompson Birds s. v.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [383] *ǵerh₂-en-\/-eu- `crane'Etymology: Beside the o-stem γέρανος (*ǵerh₂-n-) we have an n-stem in γέρην (or γερήν; *ǵerh₂-ēn). Old name of the (bird) crane, with n- or u-suffix. Arm. kr̄un-k (with i or u lost in the first syllable?), Celtic, e. g. Gaul. tri-garanos `with three cranes', Welsh garan, Germanic, e. g. OE cran, OHG kran-uh; Lith. garnỹs `heron, stork'; u-stem Lat. grūs, Balto-Slavic, Lith. gérvė (*ǵerh₂-u̯-), OCS žeravь (*ǵerh₂-ōu-). - The word has been interpreted as, "der Rufer, der Krächzer' etc., to Skt. járate, gr̥ṇā́ti `sing' etc., but the forms in u do not seem agent nouns. S. Solmsen Wortforsch. 119.Page in Frisk: 1,299Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γέρανος
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3 βιβρώσκω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `devour' (Il.).Other forms: The meaning implies not so much a present (for which ἐσθίω is used to a certain extent). βέβρωκα (Il.), βεβρώθοις Δ 35 (s. Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 429), βεβρώσεται (Od.), βέβρωμαι (A.), ἔβρων (h. Ap. 122), (hell.), ἐβρώθην (Hdt.). Other forms are late: βρώζω (Herod.), fut. βρώσομαι, βιβρώσκω (Babr.), ἀναβρώσκων (H.), ἔβρωσα, - ξα (Hell.). Desider. βρωσείω `desire to eat' (Call.).Derivatives: Nom. actionis: βρωτύς (Il.) and βρῶσις (Il.) `food' (Chantr., BSL 59, 1964) 11-22); also βρώμη (Od.), βρῶμα (Ion.-Att.); βρωτόν (E.); βρώσιμος `eatable' (A.). - Nom. agentis: βρωτήρ (A.), as `moth' also βρωστήρ (Aq.). βορά `food' (of a predator). - On βούβρωστις s. v.Etymology: Root * gʷerh₃-. The zero grade in the verbal adj. βρωτός, which agrees with Lith. gìrtas `drunk' and Skt. gīrṇá- `devoured'. The aor. in Arm. 3. sg. eker (* e-gʷerh₃-et = Gr. *ἔδερε, *ἔβερε) to pres. utem ; Skt. aor. garat, gārīt; Greek has ἔβρως etc., with zero grade generalized from the plural. Perf. Skt. jagāra (* gʷe-gʷorh₃-e = Gr. *βέβορε). Greek generalized βρω- from the verb. adj. and the plural aor. and perf. Pres. Skt. giráti \< *gʷrh₃-e\/o-, which agrees with OCS. žьrǫ. Lat. vorāre may be denom. - Not here βάραθρον. Cf. δέρη.Page in Frisk: 1,235-236Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βιβρώσκω
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4 θρώσκω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `spring, leap upon, rush, dart' (Il.);Other forms: θρῴσκω, Schwyzer 710, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 317), aor. θορεῖν, fut. θοροῦμαι (Il.), ἔθρωξα (Opp.), perf. ptc. f. τεθορυίης (Antim. 65); after θορεῖν the pres. θόρνυμαι (Hdt. 3, 109, [S.] Fr. 1127, 9, Nic. Th. 130) for original θάρνυσθαι = κυΐσκεσθαι (H.; thematic θαρνεύει ὀχεύει; s. also on θρέομαι),Derivatives: 1. From θρω-: θρωσμός ( θρῳσμός) `springing, rising' (Κ 160, Λ 56 = Υ 3; A. R. 2, 823; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 239); θρῶσις `cord, line' (Theognost., H.). 2. From the aorist: θορός m. (Hdt., Hp., Arist.), θορή f. (Hdt., Alcmaion) `mascul. seed', prop. "springer" or "jumper" (cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 88, Schwyzer 459); from there θορικός `belonging to the seed' (Arist.), θοραῖος `containing seed etc.' (Nic., Lyc.), θορώδης `id.' (Gal.), θορόεις `consisting of seed' (Opp.); denomin. verb θορίσκομαι `receive semen' (Ant. Lib.; cf. κυΐσκομαι). - On θοῦρος s. v.Etymology: The only certain comparison gives MIr. dairim `leap upon' with the nouns der `young girl' (\< * dherā), Welsh - derig `rutty' (Fick 2, 142, Loth Rev. celt. 41, 378f.). On the ablaut cf. βλώσκω, μολεῖν, μολοῦμαι (s. v.), and s. Schwyzer 696 and 747. The root was * dʰerh₃-; * dʰrh₃- giving θρω- before consonant, θαρ- before vowel; θορή contains old -o: * dʰorh₃-; the form with θαρν(ευ-) goes back on an old nasal present, * dʰr-n-(e)h₃- which would have given *θαρνω-μι. The fut. θορέομαι may go back with metathesis on *θερο- \< * dʰerh₃- (Ruiperez, Emerita 18 (1950) 386-407); the aorist will have its vocalism from here.Page in Frisk: 1,689Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θρώσκω
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5 ἀρέσκω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `please, satisfy' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. ἀρέσαιDerivatives: With `inorganic' σ (Schwyzer 503), ἀρεστός `pleasing' (Hdt.), Άρέστωρ PN (Hes. u. a.) and ἀρέσμιον `honorarium' (Stiris). From the present-stem: ἄρεσκος `obsequious' (Arist.), ἀρεσκεία (Arist.).Etymology: The word seems to have a disyllabic root, * h₂erh₁-, but connection with ἀρείων, ἀρε-τή is semantically not probable. Connection with ἀρ- in ἀραρίσκω is just a guess. Lit. Schwyzer 708 A. 8.Page in Frisk: 1,136Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀρέσκω
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6 δίκροος
δίκροος, δίκρουςGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: `forked, cloven' (Ion.-Att.; cf. Ilberg Arch. f. Pap. 4, 281f.).Derivatives: None.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [574] *(du̯i)-k̀r-ou-o- `two-horned'.Etymology: One reconstructs *δί-κροϜ-ος, as `two-horned', from δι- (s. δίς) and a word for `horn'; but κερα[F]- ός `horned' (Lat. cerv-us `deer', Av. srū- `horn') requires *ḱerh₂-uo-, which requires *ḱerh₂-. Nussbaum, Head and Horn, 2-18, argues that there were laryngeal-less forms (Skt. śr̥ṅga-, κάρνος H.), and assumes *du̯i-ḱr-ou̯-o- (but forms like κόρυς, κόρυμβα are Pre-Greek).Page in Frisk: 1,394Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δίκροος
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7 δίκρους
δίκροος, δίκρουςGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: `forked, cloven' (Ion.-Att.; cf. Ilberg Arch. f. Pap. 4, 281f.).Derivatives: None.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [574] *(du̯i)-k̀r-ou-o- `two-horned'.Etymology: One reconstructs *δί-κροϜ-ος, as `two-horned', from δι- (s. δίς) and a word for `horn'; but κερα[F]- ός `horned' (Lat. cerv-us `deer', Av. srū- `horn') requires *ḱerh₂-uo-, which requires *ḱerh₂-. Nussbaum, Head and Horn, 2-18, argues that there were laryngeal-less forms (Skt. śr̥ṅga-, κάρνος H.), and assumes *du̯i-ḱr-ou̯-o- (but forms like κόρυς, κόρυμβα are Pre-Greek).Page in Frisk: 1,394Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δίκρους
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8 ἐρέτης
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `rower' (Il.),Compounds: As 2. member in ὑπ-ηρέτης, s. v.Derivatives: ἐρετικός `concerning the rowers' (Att.); collective abstrakt εἰρεσίη, - ία ( εἰ- metr. lengthening, maintained in prose) `the rowers' (Od.); denomin. verb ἐρέσσω, rare Att. ἐρέττω, aor. ἐρέσ(σ)αι `row' (Il.; on the formation Schwyzer 725). - Beside these the noun instr. ἐρετμόν n. `oar' (Il.) with ἐρετμόω `complete with oars' (E.), PN Έρετμεύς (θ 111; Boßhardt Die Nomina auf - ευς 121). - Here also the PN Έρέτρια as "the rowing (town)". - On themselves the nouns in - ηρης and - ερος, - ορος like τρι-ήρης `three-rower' (Ion.-Att.), ἁλι-ήρης `rowing the sea' ( κώπη E. Hek. 455 [lyr.]), πεντηκόντερος, πεντηκόντ-ορος `fifty-rower' (Ion.-Att.), s. below.Etymology: The agent noun ἐρέ-της points like the synonymous Skt. ari-tár- (= Gr. *ἐρε-τήρ (* h₁erh₁-) in Έρέτρ-ιᾱ) to a disyllabic primary verb `row', which in Greek was replaced by the denominative ἐρέσσω (uncertain Myc. e-re-e), but is present in other languages: Lith. iriù, ìrti (with acute, agreeing with disyllabic ἐρε-, \< *h₁r̥h₁-), Germ., e. g. ONo. rōa, Celt., e. g. OIr. imb-rā `row, sail' (IE rō- against rē- (i. e. * h₁reh₁- * h₁roh₁-) in Lat. rēmus, cf. below). Traces of this verb in Greek in τρι-ήρης `three-rower' etc. (with compositional lengthening and ending after the σ-stems), πεντηκόντ-ερος, - ορος `fifty-rower' etc. (after the ο-stems, also with - ο- after - γονος, - φορος a. o.; not with J. Schmidt KZ 32, 327 vowel-harmony). Perhaps with το-suffix (Lesb.) τέρρητον τριήρης H., if with Brugmann IF 13, 152f. haplological for *τερρ-έρητον \< *τρι-έρητον, cf. Schwyzer 274. - On influence of ἐρέτης rests prob. the form ἐρετμόν against Skt. arí-tr-a- `oar' (from ari-tár-), Lat. rēmus (formation unclear). - Details in Schwyzer KZ 63, 52ff., Hermann Gött. Nachr. 1943, 3f.; further Pok. 338, W.-Hofmann s. rēmus.Page in Frisk: 1,553-554Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐρέτης
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9 κάρηνα
Grammatical information: n. pl.Meaning: `heads, tops, mountain-tops' (Il.).Derivatives: From it Lacon. κάρᾱνος `chief' (X. HG 1, 4, 3), Κόραννος βασιλεὺς Μακεδονίας (unclear; prob. appellat.), κάραννος κεκρύφαλος, κρήδεμνον (Aeol.); καρανώ την αἶγα. Κρῆτες H.; on the formation Solmsen Wortforsch. 150 n. 2. Denomin.: καρανόω `(crown), complete' (A.); *καρανίζω `behead' in καρανιστῆρες... δίκαι σφαγαί τε (A. Eu. 186), καρανιστης μόρος (E. Rh. 817); details in Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 14; 18; 35; 49.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [574] *ḱerh₂- `head, hornEtymology: From *κάρασ-ν-α; the alternating r-stem is found in καράρα κεφαλή H., from *καρασ-ρ-α (davon Καράρων V. d. Κάρανος); also in the ablauting Lat. cerebrum `brain' (\< * keras-ro-m \< *ḱerh₂-(e)s-rom). Further s. κάρᾱ, κρανίον, κραίνω; also κέρας.Page in Frisk: 1,788Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάρηνα
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10 κεραΐζω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `destroy' (Il.).Other forms: aor. κεραΐσαι (Hdt.), - ΐξαι (Nonn.), fut. inf. κεραϊξέμεν (Π 830 after Bekker for κεραϊζέμεν),Compounds: also with ἐκ- (Call., AP),Derivatives: κεραϊστής `destroyer' (h. Merc. 336; Zumbach Neuerungen 7), κεραϊσμός `destruction' (D. H.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [578] *ḱerh₂- `damage, intr. fall apart'Etymology: The secondary present κεραΐζω, the basis of the group, may have replaced an older primary verb, which is retained in the nasalpresents Skt. śr̥ṇā́ti `breaks', OIr. ar-a-chrin `fall into decay'. The disyll. stem κερα- has an exact counterpart in Skt. aorist a-śarī-t (length of the ī secondary) and in the OIr. preterite do-cer `he fell' (IE. ḱerh₂-). In Greek he is still seen in ἀ-κέρα-ιος `unhurt', perhaps also in ἀ-κήρα-τος `id.' (η metr. lengthening?, cf. s. v.). An intermediate noun *κερα-Ϝός (Bechtel Lex. s. v.; cf. also Schwyzer 735) is improbable and unecessary. - Independent formations are κεραυνός; not here κήρ; s. vv.Page in Frisk: 1,822Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κεραΐζω
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11 κεραός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `horned', sec. `made of horn' (Il.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [574] *ḱerh₂- `head, horn'Etymology: *κεραϜός is identical with several words for `deer' and other horned animals: "Lat. cervus (like κεραός IE. *ḱerh₂u̯-o-), Celt., e. g. Welsh carw `deer' (IE. *ḱr̥h₂u̯-o-), Alb. ka `ox', Slav., e. g. Russ. koróva, Serb. krȁva `cow' (frrom *ḱorh₂uā, not from IE. *ḱōru̯-ā) with western treatment of ḱ as in Alb. ka; Illyrian LW [loanword]?, s. Porzig Gliederung 175), Lith. kárvė `id.' (sec. ē-stem); besides with palatalisation and zero grade OPr. sirwis `roe', falls nicht vielmehr zu lit. šir̃vas `grauschimmelig' (vgl. zu νεβρός). - A parallel formation is the German. name of the deer, e. g. OHG hiruz, IE. *ḱeru-d-. Both from a word for `horn', which is seen in Av. srū- f., Hitt. karau̯-ar n.; [not here κόρυδος, κορυφή, κόρυς}. See W.-Hofmann s. cervus, and Sommer Nominalkomp. 20 n. 2. - Further s. κέρας; Nussbaum, Head and Horn, 1986,Page in Frisk: 1,825-826Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κεραός
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12 κέρας
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `horn, for blowing and drinking', metaph. `branch (of a river), part of an army, top etc.'.Other forms: gen. ep. *-ραος, Hdt. - ρεος, Att. - ρως, -ρᾱτος, dat. ep. -ραϊ, Hdt. -ρεϊ, Att. - ρᾳ, nom. acc. pl. ep. - ρα(α), Hp. and Att. -ρᾱτα, gen. ep. - ράων, Att. - ρῶν, -ρᾱτων, dat. -ρᾱ̆σι, ep. also - ράεσσι; late ep. gen. sg. -ρά̄ατος, n. a. pl. -ρά̄ατα (further see Schwyzer 515).Compounds: As 1. member a. o. in κερασ-φόρος `with a horn' (trag.), also κερατο-φόρος `id.' (Arist.); κεραο-ξόος `polishing horn' (Δ 110, AP; on the euphonically determined thematic vowel Schwyzer 440, Sommer Nominalkomp. 20 n. 2), thematically reshaped e. g. in κερο-φόρος (E.), also κερε-αλκής `with strong horn' (A. R.; cf. Schwyzer 440). As 2. member mostly - κερως (m. f.) \< - κερα(σ)-ος in ὑψί-, ἄ-κερως etc.; with special feminine form ὑψι-, καλλι-κέραν acc. (B.; Sommer 20 n. 1); quite isolated -κέρᾱτος, e. g. ἀ-κέρατος (Pl., Arist.; τῆς ἀκεράτου beside την ἀκέρων Pl. Plt. 265b, c), also ἀ-κέρωτος (AP), - κερος e. g. in νή-κεροι pl. `hornless' (Hes. Op. 529); with the subst. δί-κερας n. `double horn' (Callix.) and, as plant names, αἰγό-, βού-, ταυρό-κερας n. (after the form of the fruit, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 54); also αἰγο-κέρως `Capricornus' with metrically conditioned gen. - κερῆος (Arat., Q. S.; cf. Bosshardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 64).Derivatives: Diminutives: κεράτιον `little horn' (Arist., hell.), `name of a weight a. a coin, "carat" (Hero) = Lat. siliqua (inscr. and pap.); τὰ κεράτια `the fruits of the carob-tree' (Ev. Luc. 15, 16, Dsc.); from there κερατία f. `carob-tree' (Str., Plin.), also - τέα (pap., Gp.; after the tree names in - έα), κερωνία `id.' (Thphr., Plin.; as βρυωνία a. o.; Chantraine Formation 207f.), from cross κερατωνία `id.' (Gal., Aët.). Further substantives: κερασ-τής m. `horned being' (S., E.; of ἔλαφος, Πάν etc.), name of a snake, `Cerastes cornutus' (Nic. a. o.), f. - στίς (A).; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 209; also surname of the island of Cyprus (Hdn. 1, 104, 15: " ἀπὸ τοῦ πολλὰς ἄκρας ἔχειν"); κερατῖτις ( μήκων) `kind of poppy' (Thphr., Dsc.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 72f.); κεραΐτης m. = Lat. cornicularius (Lyd. Mag.), κεραϊ̃τις f. "Hornpflanze" = τῆλις a. o. (Redard 41 and 72, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 54); however κεραΐτης and κεραϊ̃τις belong rather to κεραία (s. below); κερατίας m. name of Dionysos (D. S.), also name of a comet (Plin.; Scherer Gestirnnamen 107); κεραία f. name of several hornlike objects, e. g. `yard, beam, cornucopia', as sign of writing = Lat. apex (Att., hell.); dimin. κερᾳδιον (Attica, Delos; or κεραΐδιον?); κερατών, - ῶνος m. name of an altar on Delos (hell.; prop. "place adorned with horns"; after the place names in - ών). - Adjectives: κεράτινος `made of horn' (X., Pl. Com.), κερατίνης m. `the fallacy called the Horns' (D. L., Luc.); κερατώδης `hornlike' (Thphr.); κερόεις `horned' (Anakr., Simon.); κερέϊνος `id.' (Aq., Sm.). - Denomin. verb: 1. κερατίζω `but with the horns' (LXX); from there κερατιστής (LXX), κεράτισις (Apollod. Poliork.); κερατισμός `loss on excange of solidi in ceratia' as if from κερατίζω *`change in ceratia' (pap. VIp, Lyd. Mag.); 2. κερατόω `change in horn' (Ael.); 3. κεράω `provide with horns' (Arat.), `form a wing' (Plb.). - On κεραός, κεραΐς, κεράμβυξ, κερανίξαι, κερουτιάω, κέρνα s. vv.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [574] *ḱer-h₂(e)s- `horn, head'Etymology: Beside κέρας `horn' stands in κάρᾱ, κάρηνα `head' a reduced grade *καρασ- (\< *ḱerh₂-es-), in κρᾱνίον `skull' a zero grade *κρᾱσ- (\< ḱr̥h₂s-); on the meaning s. below. A zero grade also in Skt. śíras- n. `head' (\< *ḱr̥h₂es-); Av. sarah- n. `head' is polyinterpr.); zero grade in gen. śīrṣ-ṇ-ás (\< *ḱr̥h₂s-nos; κρά̄ατος \< *ḱr̥h₂s-n̥-tos, cf. on κάρᾱ). The full grade with e- in Lat. cerebrum `brain' (IE. *ḱerh₂(e)s-ro-m \> * keras-ro-m). - The s-stem has an u-complement in κερα(Ϝ)-ός (s. v.); further there is an n-fomation in Germ., e. g. NHG Horn, Lat. corn-ū, Skt. śŕ̥ṇ-g-am `horn'. Full discussion in Nussbaum, Head and Horm, 1986. The original meaning was prob. `horn, Gehörn', from where `horned animal-head' and `head in gen.' - Further forms s. on κάρᾱ, κρᾱνίον, κρήδεμνον, κράνος; also W.-Hofmann s. cerebrum and cornū.Page in Frisk: 1,826-827Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κέρας
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13 κορέννυμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `satiate, fill, be satiated' (ep. Ion.).Other forms: - μαι (Them., Orph.), κορέω, κορέσκω (Nic.), κορίσκομαι (Hp.), aor. κορέσ(σ)αι, - ασθαι (Il.), pass. κορεσθῆναι (Od.), perf. ptc. Act. (intr.) κεκορηώς (Od.), ind. midd. κεκόρημαι (Il.), κεκόρεσμαι (X.), fut. κορέω (Il.), κορέσω (Hdt.),Compounds: Rarely with ὑπερ- (Thgn., Poll.), ἀπο- (Gloss.). As 2. member in ἄ-κορος `unsatiable, untiring' (Pi.) with ἀκορία `unsatiated condition, moderation' (Hp.), `unsatiability' (Aret.). διά-, κατά-, πρόσ-, ὑπέρ-κορος `satiated etc.' (IA.); also as σ-stam and with verbal redefinition (Schwyzer 513) ἀ-, δια-, προσ- κορής with προσ-κορίζομαι `vex, annoy' (sch.). As privative also ἀ-κόρη-τος (Il.), ἀ-κόρε(σ)-τος (trag.). - Quite uncertain Αἰγι-κορεῖς pl. m. with Αἰγικορίς f. name of one of the old Ionic phylai (E., inscr.; cf. Hdt. 5, 66), s. Nilsson Cults 147 and Frisk ibd.Derivatives: Wiht lengthened grade κώρα ὕβρις H. (v. Blumenthal Hesychst. with Lobeck). To κόρος ( κοῦρος, κῶρος) `youth' and κόρη `young girl' s. esp. κόρος m. `satiaty, be satiated, surfeit, insolence' (Il.);Origin: IE [Indo-European] [577] *ḱerh₁- `fodder, (let) grow'Etymology: The starting point of the whole paradigm is clearly the aorist κορέσαι, - ασθαι, to which the other forms were successively added: pass. κορε-σ-θῆναι (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 406), perf. κεκόρημαι, - εσμαι (Schwyzer 773), fut. κορέω, - έσω, lastly also the different, sparsely attested presents κορίσκομαι, κορέω, - έσκω, - έννυμι. The verb was prob. orig. because of the perfective aspect limited to the aorist; for an old present *κόρνυμι (Schwyzer 697; as στόρνυμι) there is no support. - The ο-vowel, which is found also in στορέσαι, with the same building, and in θορεῖν, μολεῖν, πορεῖν, is not convincingly explained (attempts in Schwyzer 360f. and Sánchez Ruipérez Emerita 18, 386ff.); with the disyllabic κορέ-σαι agrees elsewhere acute Lith. šér-ti `fodder' (from *ḱerh₁-), with which one connected the old s-stem in Lat. Cerēs `goddess of the growth of plants', and also Arm. ser `origin, gender, offspring' (IE. *ḱéros n. transformed to an o-stem). - The other forms, e. g. Lat. creō `create', crēscō `grow', Arm. sermn `seed', Alb. thjer `acorn', prop. "fodder" (Pok. 577, W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. Cerēs, creō), are unimportant for Greek. - With the meanings `satiate, fodder, let grow', cf. the similar meanings of Lat. alō.Page in Frisk: 1,918-919Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κορέννυμι
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14 οἰναρίς
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15 ἀκήρατος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `undamaged', also `pure' (Il.)Other forms: ἀκέραιος `undamaged' (Hdt.)Derivatives: ἀκηράσιος (Od.)Origin: IE [Indo-European] [578] *ḱerh₂- `damage'Etymology: Epic and poet. It is unnecessary to assume a second, independent word meaning `pure' (Od.), as Frisk does. The comparable form ἀκήριος `undamaged' is prob. derived from κῆρ, s. s.v. Prob. ἀκήρατος (not from κηρ-αίνω A. Supp. 999, which is a late formation from κήρ), is metrical lengthening for *ἀ-κέρα-τος from the stem of κερα-ίζω, perhaps with influence of κήρ; cf. ἀκέραιος. In some cases the meaning may have been influenced by κεράννυμι `to mix'. Lee Glotta 39 (1961) 191-205 connects κείρω.Page in Frisk: 1,52-53Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀκήρατος
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16 ἀκρᾱχολος
ἀκρᾱ́χολοςGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: `raging passionately' (Ar.)Origin: IE [Indo-European] [582] *ḱerh₂- `mix'Etymology: Lit. "with unmixed bile", from *ἀκρά̄τ-χολος, with *ἀκρά̄ς = ἄκρᾱτος, cf. ἀκρητό-χολος (Hp.) and εὑκρά̄ς = εὔκρᾱτος `well-mixed'. Later (Arist.) changed in ἀκρόχολος. Brugmann IF 17, 174ff. assumes the same first element in ἀκρήπεδος ἡ ἀγαθή (scil. γῆ) H. S. κεράννυμι.Page in Frisk: 1,58Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀκρᾱχολος
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17 ἀρετή
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `excellence' (Il.).Compounds: αἰναρέτη voc. `terribly brave' (Il.)Derivatives: Denom. ἀρετάω `prosper, thrive' (Od.).Etymology: Not to ἀρέ-σκω for semantic reasons; rather to ἀρείων, ἄρειος, s. the lit. in Schwyzer 501. The relation to ἀραρίσκω would be very remote.Page in Frisk: 1,136Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀρετή
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18 βάραθρον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `cleft, abyss'Other forms: βέρεθρον (Hom.; Aeol. ?, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 114), from which through *βέρθρον βέθρον (Euph.), Arc. ζέρεθρον (for δ-; cf. ζέλλω = δέλλω s. βάλλω)Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: One would like to explain the variants from *βερα-. In that case the connection with βιβρώσκω (s. d.) `devour' cannot be maintained: *gʷerh₃-\/ gʷr̥h₃- would give *δερο-\/ βρω-, *βαρ(ο)-. The word therefore will be Pre-Gr., like φάραγξ; s. Beekes, Devel. 193. - Illyrian cognates in Krahe IF 58, 220.Page in Frisk: 1,219Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βάραθρον
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19 βαρύς
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `heavy', of tone `deep' (Il.).Compounds: βαρύ-γδουπος (Pi.) etc.Derivatives: βαρύτης, - ητος f. (Att.). Denom.1. βαρύνω `weigh down, oppress' (Il.); 2. βαρύθω `be weighed down' (Il.); 3. βαρέω s. below. - βάρος n. `heavy weight', (simplex Hdt.; in comp. ( χαλκο-, οἰνο-βαρής Il.). - The ptc. βεβαρηώς ( οἴνῳ βεβαρηότες, - ότα γ 139, τ 122) cf. οἰνοβαρής (Α 225; metr. lengthened οἰνοβαρείων ι 374, κ 555), from which οἰνοβαρέω (Thgn.); from there (?) βεβαρημένος (Pl.); βόρημαι (Sapph. Supp. 25, 17) with Aeol. vocalism; βαρέω (Hp. Morb.),.Etymology: Identival with Skt. gurú-, Av. gouru-, Goth. kaúrus `heavy'. Lat. gravis from *graus \< *gʷreh₂us. Full grade in Skt. comparative gárīyān. Cf. βριαρός, βρίθω.Page in Frisk: 1,221-222Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βαρύς
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20 γέρας
γέρας -αος or - ωςGrammatical information: n.Compounds: Komp. ἀ-γέρασ-τος `without gift of honour' (Il.)Derivatives: γεραιός `old' (Il., accent as in παλαιός); γεράσμιος `honouring, -ed, aged' (h. Merc., vgl. Schwyzer 493 n. 10); denomin. γεράζω `honour' (EM). - Beside γέρας: γεραρός `honourable' (Il.; hardly old r-stem with Benveniste Origines 16; diff. Schwyzer 516), fem. γέραιρα (Il. [v. l.], s. Bechtel Lex.); γεραίρω `honour, distinguish' (Il.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [390] *ǵerh₂- `old'Etymology: Cf. Skt. jarás- (f.?) `old age'. - Cognate γέρων, γῆρας, γραῦς, s. vv. S. also γεργέριμος.Page in Frisk: 1,299Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γέρας
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