-
41 Waymouth, Bernard
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. unknownd. 25 November 1890 London, England[br]English naval architect, ship surveyor and designer of the clipper ship Thermopylae.[br]Waymouth had initial training in shipbuilding at one of the Royal Dockyards before going on to work at a privately owned shipyard. With this all-round experience he was accepted in 1854 by Lloyd's Register of Shipping as a surveyor, and was to serve the Society well during a period of great change in ship design. In 1864 he was charged with the task of framing the Rules for the Construction of Composite Built Vessels, i.e. ships with main structural members such as keel, frames and deck beams of iron and with the hull sheathing or planking of timber. Although long superseded, these rules were of considerable consequence at the time and they were accompanied by beautiful drawings executed by Harry J.Cornish, who became Chief Ship Surveyor of Lloyd's from 1900 until 1909. In 1870 revolutionary proposals were made for iron ships that led to the adoption of a new form of rules where the scantlings or size of individual parts were related to the overall dimensions of the vessel. The symbol 100A1 was then adopted for the first time.Waymouth was more than a theoretical naval architect: in the late 1860s he was commissioned by the shipbuilders Walter Hood to design the famous Aberdeen Clipper Thermopylae. This was one of the fastest sailing ships of the nineteenth century and, along with its Clyde-built counterpart Cutty Sark, proved the efficacy of composite construction for these specialist vessels.Waymouth was appointed Principal Surveyor of Lloyd's in 1870 and was Secretary of the Society from 1872 until his death at work in 1890. He was a member of the Royal Commission on Tonnage and of the Enquiry into the loss of HMS Atlanta, and at the time of his death was Vice-President of the Institution of Naval Architects.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsVice-President, Institution of Naval Architects.Further ReadingAnnals of Lloyd's Register, 1934, London.FMW -
42 check
tʃek
1. сущ.
1) шахм. шах (употр. тж. как межд.) the king is in check ≈ королю объявлен шах to produce a check ≈ сделать шах to discover check ≈ обнаружить шаховую позицию perpetual check ≈ вечный шах
2) а) задержка, остановка( в развитии, карьере и т. п. из-за какой-л. помехи, препятствия или противодействия) Syn: arrest
1. б) отпор, отражение нападения Syn: rebuff
1., repulse
1. в) потеря охотничьей собакой следа
3) внезапная остановка;
пауза, перерыв (при движении, работе) without check
4) а) ограничивание, сдерживание in check Syn: restraint б) препятствие, ограничитель (любое лицо или предмет, действующие в качестве ограничивающего начала) The magistrate may be necessary as a check on the doctor. ≈ Мировой судья может оказаться необходимым, как некто, кто сможет сдержать доктора. в) амер. мартингал (в верховой езде) Syn: check-rein
5) а) критерий (стандарт для оценки и проверки) Syn: criterion б) обследование, исследование background check ≈ расследование истории вопроса/проблемы Syn: examination в) контроль, проверка to conduct, make, run a check of/on ≈ осуществлять контроль, проводить проверку clearance check loyalty check Syn: inspection
6) контрольный штемпель;
отметка, галочка (знак проверки)
7) а) ярлык;
багажная квитанция baggage амер. check ≈ квитанция на получение багажа б) номерок( в гардеробе) в) преим. амер. счет в ресторане г) контрамарка;
корешок( билета и т. п.)
8) амер. фишка, марка (в карт. игре) to cash, hand, pass in one's checks ид. ≈ умереть
9) амер. чек to cash a check ≈ платить по чеку to clear a check ≈ производить выплаты по чеку to cover a check (by making a deposit) ≈ обеспечивать денежное покрытие чека (с помощью депозита) to deposit a check ≈ сделать вклад в банке to draw a check against one's account ≈ выписать чек на чей-л. счет to draw a check on a bank ≈ выписать чек на счет в банке to endorse a check ≈ подписывать чек на какую-л. сумму to issue, make out, write out a check to ≈ выписать чек to kite a check ≈ получать деньги по фиктивным чекам to pass a (bad) check ≈ пустить в обращение фальшивый чек to present a check ≈ предъявить чек to stop payment of/on a check ≈ прекратить выплату по чекам bad check bounced check cashier's check certified check
10) клетка( на ткани) ;
клетчатая ткань
11) с.-х. делянка
12) трещина, щель( в дереве) Syn: crack
1., break I
1.
2. прил.
1) контрольный;
испытательный check experiment ≈ контрольный опыт check ballot ≈ проверочное голосование
2) клетчатый check shirt ≈ клетчатая рубашка
3. гл.
1) шахм. объявлять шах
2) а) останавливать;
препятствовать( продвижению) Syn: stop
2., brake
2. б) поэт. натягивать( поводья)
3) а) внезапно остановиться, отшатнуться( от неожиданности, страха;
проявить осторожность) Syn: stop
2. б) охот. останавливаться, потеряв след ( об охотничьих собаках)
4) ограничивать, сдерживать, обуздывать, регулировать He hastily checked the impulse. ≈ Он быстро подавил этот порыв. Mr. Baldwin checked the enthusiasm of his visitors. ≈ Мистер Болдуэн умерил энтузиазм своих гостей. The multiplication of animals is checked only by want of food, and by the hostility of races. ≈ Размножение животных сдерживается только количеством еды и степенью агрессивности других видов. Syn: restrain
5) а) проверять, сверять How can you check on whether it will rain that day? ≈ Как проверить, будет в тот день идти дождь? We must check the book over before sending it to the printer. ≈ Нам надо еще раз внимательно просмотреть книгу, прежде чем отсылать ее издателю. We must check through the pages to see if any are missing. ≈ Надо просмотреть бумаги, вдруг что-то пропало. Syn: verify б) контролировать Syn: control
2.
6) соответствовать, совпадать The description checks with the photograph. ≈ Описание соответствует фотографии.
7) отмечать галочкой или каким-л. знаком( что-л. проверенное)
8) амер. выписывать чек to check upon smb. for $500 ≈ выписать на кого-л. чек на 500 долларов
9) преим. амер. сдавать( в гардероб, в камеру хранения, в багаж и т. п.) They walked out into the club and checked their hats. ≈ Они вошли в клуб и сдали на вешалку свои шляпы.
10) (ранее диал., в современном употреблении разг.) делать выговор, отчитывать;
ругать, давать нагоняй Syn: rebuke
2., reprove
2., reprimand
2.
11) раскрашивать клеткой
12) а) редк. располагать в шахматном порядке б) амер. размечать на квадраты (землю для дальнейшего засевания)
13) а) вызывать трещины The sun checks timber. ≈ Солнце заставляет доски растрескиваться. б) покрываться трещинами ∙ Syn: crack
3., split
3. ∙ check back check in check off check on check over check out check up check with препятствие, остановка;
задержка - to serve as a * служить препятствием;
обуздывать - wind acts as a * on speed ветер мешает быстрой езде - his illness gave a * to our plans его болезнь сорвала наши планы - to keep in * держать в руках, контролировать - keep your emotions in * сдерживайте свои чувства - to keep a * on smb. держать кого-л в руках, не давать воли кому-л - to keep a * on smth. следить за чем-л.;
контролировать что-л;
держать что-л. в своих руках - keep a * on your tongue думай, прежде чем говорить преим. (военное) отпор, приостановка наступления или продвижения проверка, контроль - accuracy * проверка точности - spot *s (полиграфия) выборочная корректура, выборочный редакционный просмотр галочка, птичка, отметка ( знак проверки) номерок (в гардеробе) - hat * номерок на шляпу ярлык;
богажная квитанция - a * for a suitcase квитанция на чемодан контрольный штемпель контрамарка;
корешок (билета) клетка (рисунок ткани) клетчатая ткань;
шотландка - do you want a stripe or a *? вам в полоску или в клетку? счет (в ресторане) (шахматное) шах - double * двойной шах - perpetual * вечный шах - * to the king шах королю (сельскохозяйственное) чек, делянка, окруженная валом и затапливаемая водой (сельскохозяйственное) контрольная делянка (охота) потеря (собакой) следа (специальное) трещина, щель (в дереве) ;
волосная трещина (американизм) (карточное) фишка, марка > *s and balances принцип взаимозависимости и взаимозависимости и взаимоограничения законодательной, исполнительной и судебной власти контрольный, проверочный, испытательный - * analysis контрольный анализ - * cage клетка или садок для контрольных животных - * experiment поверочный опыт - * flight (авиация) контрольный полет - * sample контрольный образец - * station( военное) пункт технического осмотра - * test поверочное испытание клетчатый - * handkerchief клетчатый платок - * system of irrigation (сельскохозяйственное) орошение способом затопления по клеткам запирающий, задерживающий - * dam задерживающая плотина, защитная дамба или плотина - * valve( техническое) запорный клапан, обратный клапан - * work (техническое) периодическое включение и выключение механизма > * wine марочное вино останавливать, сдерживать;
препятствовать;
удерживать;
обуздывать - to * the advance of the enemy приостановить продвижение противника - to * extravagant spending положить конец расточительству - to * anger подавить гнев - to * the growth замедлять рост - he *ed his impetuous son он сдерживал своего необузданного сына - to * a fire остановить пожар - to * oneself остановиться, удержаться;
сдержаться - she *ed herself она не договорила - he *ed himself just as he was about to blurt out his indignation он подавил готовые вырваться слова негодования проверять, контролировать;
ревизовать;
сличать;
расследовать - to * figures проверять цифры - to * by sight проверять на глаз - to * for errors корректировать, исправлять - to * an instrument выверять прибор - to * one's speed контролировать скорость - * into the matter разберитесь в этом деле - * bearing! (специальное) проверить пеленг!, взять контрольный пеленг! (команда) проверять, выяснять;
убеждаться( в чем-л.) - we must * on him его надо проверить - to * on a statement проверить правильность какого-л утверждения - to * on the past experience of the applicants выяснить уровень квалификации претендентов на должность сверять, сличать - * your watch with the tower clock проверьте свои часы по башенным (американизм) соответствовать. совпадать - his statement *s with yours его заявление совпадает с вашим - the description *s with the photograph описание соответствует фотографии (американизм) сдавать (в гардероб, в камеру хранения, в багаж) - have you *ed all your luggage? вы все свои вещи сдали в багаж? - * in your coat and hat cдайте в гардероб пальто и шляпу принимать на хранение - the hotel *ed our baggage гостиница приняла на хранение наш багаж отмечать галочкой, значком - how many mistakes did the teacher *? сколько ошибок учитель отметил (птичкой) ? (шахматное) объявлять шах (карточное) пасовать располагать в шахматном порядке делать выговор;
давать нагоняй;
разносить( сельскохозяйственное) приостанавливать( рост) (специальное) делать щели;
вызывать трещины (специальное) покрываться трещинами, щелями (устаревшее) внезапно остановиться (перед чем-л) ;
отшатнуться (от чего-л) (морское) травить( шахматное) шах! (просторечие) ладно!, точно!, договорились! (американизм) (финансовое) чек - bank * банковский чек - сertified * удостоверенный чек, чек с надписью банка о принятии к платежу - crossed * кроссированный чек - town * чек на банк в Лондонском Сити - traveller's * дорожный чек( американизм) выписывать чек - to * upon a banker for $100 выдать чек на какой-л. банк на сумму в 100 долларов access ~ вчт. контроль доступа automatic ~ вчт. автоматический контроль bias ~ профилактический контроль block ~ вчт. контроль блоков block ~ вчт. проверка по блокам bound ~ вчт. контроль границ built-in ~ вчт. встроенный контроль bus-out ~ вчт. контроль выходной шины ~ attr. клетчатый;
to keep (или to hold) in check сдерживать;
to cash (или to hand, to pass) in one's checks умереть cashier's ~ кассирский чек check багажная квитанция ~ делать выговор;
давать нагоняй ~ делать выговор ~ задержка ~ клетка (на материи) ;
клетчатая ткань ~ контрамарка;
корешок (билета и т. п.) ~ контрамарка ~ контролировать ~ контроль, проверка;
loyalty check амер. проверка лояльности( государственных служащих) ~ контроль ~ контрольный штемпель;
галочка (знак проверки) ~ корешок, номерок ~ корешок билета ~ номерок (в гардеробе) ~ обуздывать ~ шахм. объявлять шах ~ останавливать(ся) ;
сдерживать;
препятствовать ~ останавливать ~ остановка ~ отметка в документе ~ отметка о проверке ~ отмечать галочкой ~ переводной вексель, оплачиваемый по предъявлении ~ потеря охотничьей собакой следа ~ препятствие;
остановка;
задержка;
without check без задержки, безостановочно ~ препятствие ~ препятствовать ~ принимать на хранение ~ проверка ~ проверять, контролировать ~ проверять ~ располагать в шахматном порядке ~ расследовать ~ ревизовать ~ амер. сдавать (в гардероб, в камеру хранения, в багаж и т. п.) ;
check in сдавать под расписку;
регистрировать (ся), записывать(ся) ~ сдерживать ~ сличать ~ трещина, щель (в дереве) ~ амер. фишка, марка (в карт. игре) ~ амер. чек ~ (амер.) чек ~ чек ~ шахм. шах (употр. тж. как int) ;
the king is in check королю объявлен шах ~ ярлык;
багажная квитанция ~ against проверять на соответствие ~ attr. клетчатый;
to keep (или to hold) in check сдерживать;
to cash (или to hand, to pass) in one's checks умереть ~ attr. контрольный;
check experiment контрольный опыт;
check ballot проверочное голосование ~ attr. контрольный;
check experiment контрольный опыт;
check ballot проверочное голосование ~ attr. контрольный;
check experiment контрольный опыт;
check ballot проверочное голосование ~ амер. сдавать (в гардероб, в камеру хранения, в багаж и т. п.) ;
check in сдавать под расписку;
регистрировать (ся), записывать(ся) ~ in отмечаться при приходе на работу ~ in регистрировать ~ in сдавать на хранение ~ in сдавать под расписку ~ off отмечать галочкой ~ off удерживать из заработной платы ~ out освободить номер в гостинице ~ out амер. отметиться при уходе с работы по окончании рабочего дня ~ out отмечаться при уходе с работы ~ out радио отстроиться ~ out оформлять выдачу ~ out оформлять получение ~ out подсчитывать стоимость покупок и выбивать чек ~ out амер. уйти в отставку ~ the figures проверять расчеты ~ up проверять ~ with совпадать, соответствовать claim ~ квитанция на получение заказа, вещей после ремонта claim ~ квитанция на получение товара code ~ вчт. проверка программы compile-time ~ вчт. статическая проверка composition ~ вчт. проверка плотности composition ~ вчт. проверка полноты computation ~ вчт. проверка вычислений consistency ~ вчт. проверка на непротиворечивость control totals ~ вчт. проверка с помощью контрольных сумм copy ~ вчт. контроль дублированием copy ~ проверка копии credibility ~ проверка правдоподобия cross ~ вчт. перекрестный контроль current ~ вчт. текущий контроль customs ~ таможенный досмотр customs ~ таможенный контроль customs ~ таможенный чек cyclic redundancy ~ вчт. контроль циклическим избыточным кодом data ~ вчт. контроль данных data-type ~ вчт. контроль типов данных desk ~ вчт. проверка программы за столом diagnostic ~ вчт. диагностический контроль dump ~ вчт. контроль по распечатке duplication ~ вчт. контроль дублированием dynamic ~ вчт. динамический контроль edit ~ вчт. контрольное редактирование error ~ вчт. контроль ошибок even-odd ~ вчт. контроль по четности even-parity ~ вчт. контроль по четности false-code ~ вчт. контроль запрещенных комбинаций flag ~ вчт. флаговый контроль format ~ вчт. контроль формата functional ~ вчт. функциональная проверка gate ~ пропускной контроль hardware ~ вчт. аппаратный контроль hierarchical ~ вчт. иерархический контроль high-low bias ~ вчт. граничная проверка horizontal redundancy ~ вчт. поперечный контроль illegal-command ~ вчт. контроль запрещенных команд imparity ~ вчт. контроль по нечетности imparity ~ вчт. проверка на нечетность improper-command ~ вчт. контроль запрещенных команд in-line ~ вчт. встроенный контроль in-line ~ вчт. оперативный контроль input ~ вчт. входный контроль internal ~ вчт. внутренний контроль internal ~ внутренняя проверка ~ attr. клетчатый;
to keep (или to hold) in check сдерживать;
to cash (или to hand, to pass) in one's checks умереть ~ шахм. шах (употр. тж. как int) ;
the king is in check королю объявлен шах lexical ~ вчт. лексический контроль limit ~ проверка возможностей line-by-line ~ вчт. построчная проверка loop ~ вчт. контроль путем обратной передачи ~ контроль, проверка;
loyalty check амер. проверка лояльности (государственных служащих) marginal ~ вчт. граничная проверка marginal ~ вчт. профилактический котроль naught ~ вчт. проверка на ноль negative ~ вчт. проверка на отрицательное значение odd-even ~ вчт. контроль по четности odd-even ~ вчт. контроль четности odd-parity ~ вчт. контроль четности on-line rule ~ вчт. оперативная проверка правила on-the-spot ~ контроль на месте overflow ~ вчт. контроль переполнения page ~ вчт. групповой страничный контроль parity ~ вчт. контроль по четности parity ~ вчт. контроль четности pass-out ~ амер. = passout pass-out ~ амер. = passout passcheck: passcheck = passout passport ~ паспортный контроль peak-a-boo ~ вчт. проверка на просчет photocell ligth ~ оптический контроль postmortem ~ вчт. постконтроль privacy ~ вчт. проверка конфиденциальности program ~ вчт. проверка программы program ~ вчт. программный контроль programmed ~ вчт. программный контроль quality ~ проверка качества random ~ выборочная проверка random sample ~ проверка случайной выборки range ~ вчт. контроль границ range ~ вчт. контроль попадания read-back ~ вчт. эхопроверка reasonability ~ вчт. проверка на непротиворечивость reasonability ~ вчт. смысловая проверка redundancy ~ вчт. контроль за счет избыточности residue ~ вчт. контроль по остатку reversal ~ вчт. реверсивная проверка rights ~ вчт. проверка прав routine ~ обычная проверка routine ~ вчт. программный контроль routine ~ текущая проверка run-time ~ вчт. динамическая проверка run-time ~ вчт. динамический контроль security ~ проверка безопасности selection ~ вчт. выборочный контроль semantic ~ вчт. семантический контроль sequence ~ вчт. контроль порядка следования sequence ~ comp. контроль порядка следования sequence ~ comp. проверка упорядоченности sight ~ вчт. визуальный контроль sight ~ вчт. проверка на просвет sign ~ вчт. контроль по знаку special crossed ~ специальный кроссированный чек spelling ~ comp. орфографическая проверка spot ~ выборочная проверка spot ~ выборочная ревизия spot ~ проверка на выборку static ~ вчт. статический контроль status ~ comp. контроль состояния stock ~ проверка состояния запасов store ~ проверка состояния запасов structural ~ вчт. структурный контроль sum ~ контроль по сумме sum ~ контроль суммированием sum ~ вчт. проверка по сумме sum ~ проверка по сумме sum ~ проверка суммированием summation ~ вчт. контроль суммированием summation ~ контроль суммированием summation ~ проверка суммированием summation ~ вчт. проверка суммирования syntactic ~ вчт. синтаксический контроль system ~ вчт. системный контроль systems ~ проверка состояния систем technical ~ технический контроль test ~ контрольная проверка test ~ контрольное испытание test ~ вчт. тестовый контроль total ~ вчт. проверка по сумме transfer ~ вчт. контроль передачи transfer ~ переводной чек tranverce ~ вчт. поперечный контроль twin ~ вчт. двойной счет type ~ вчт. контроль соответствия типов type ~ вчт. контроль типов validity ~ вчт. контроль правильности validity ~ вчт. проверка адекватности validity ~ вчт. проверка достоверности validity ~ вчт. проверка на достоверность wired-in ~ вчт. аппаратный контроль wired-in ~ вчт. встроенный аппаратный контроль ~ препятствие;
остановка;
задержка;
without check без задержки, безостановочно -
43 arch
- arch
- n1. арка; арочная перемычка
2. перекрывать аркой или сводом, возводить арки или своды; выгибать, изгибать (дугой); придавать форму арки
arch hinged at the abutments — двухшарнирная арка, арка с шарнирными опорами
- accommodation arch
- acute arch
- annular arch
- Arabic arch
- back arch
- bell arch
- blind arch
- braced arch
- braced-rib arch
- bridge arch
- built-in arch
- cantilever arch
- circular arch
- continuous arch
- crescent rib arch
- crescent type arch
- depressed arch
- discharging arch
- drop arch
- Dutch arch
- edge arch
- elastic arch
- elliptical arch
- equilateral pointed arch
- equilateral arch
- fixed arch
- fixed-end arch
- flat arch
- formwork arch
- four-centered arch
- French arch
- gauged arch
- glued laminated timber arch
- glued laminated arch
- glulam arch
- hingeless arch
- horseshoe arch
- inflected arch
- inverted arch
- jack arch
- keel arch
- laminated arch
- lancet arch
- longitudinal arch
- lop-sided arch
- miter arch
- Moorish arch
- mosque arch
- multifoiled arch
- multifoil arch
- obtuse angle arch
- ogee arch
- ogive arch
- one-centered arch
- one-hinged arch
- one-pinned arch
- one-pin arch
- parabolic arch
- parallel curve rib arch
- plate arch
- pointed arch
- precast arch
- raised arch
- rampant arch
- rear arch
- relieving arch
- rib arch
- rigid arch
- rising arch
- Roman arch
- round arch
- round horseshoe arch
- safety arch
- Saracenic arch
- segmental arch
- semicircular arch
- sickle-shaped arch
- side arch
- single-hinged arch
- skew arch
- soldier arch
- spandrel filled bridge arch
- spandrel filled arch
- steel arch
- steep arch
- straight arch
- three-hinged arch
- three-pointed arch
- through arch
- trefoil arch
- transverse arch
- trussed arch
- Tudor arch
- two-centered arch
- two-hinged arch
- vault arch
- Welsh arch
Англо-русский строительный словарь. — М.: Русский Язык. С.Н.Корчемкина, С.К.Кашкина, С.В.Курбатова. 1995.
-
44 jack
1) передвижное подъёмное приспособление; домкрат; лебёдка; подъёмник || поднимать домкратом или лебёдкой4) рычаг5) зажим6) перфоратор, бурильный молоток7) дефлектор8) эл. гнездо, ответная часть соединителя; розетка; фишка; клеммная колодка9) толкатель (напр. кулирных платин котонной машины)•to jack in place, to jack to position — поднимать домкратом в проектное положение;-
aircraft hydraulic jack
-
anchor jack
-
answering jack
-
antenna jack
-
banana jack
-
booster jack
-
boot jack
-
bracing jack
-
branching jack
-
break jack
-
bridging jack
-
builder's jack
-
built-in jack
-
calling jack
-
carriage jack
-
ceiling jack
-
chain jack
-
circle jack
-
compressed-air jack
-
cross-beam jack
-
cutoff jack
-
cylinder jack
-
double-action jack
-
drum-end jack
-
external antenna jack
-
five-point jack
-
floor jack
-
four-way jack
-
grounding jack
-
ground jack
-
hand jack
-
harness wiring jack
-
haulage-end jack
-
headphone jack
-
hip jack
-
hoisting jack
-
hydraulic jack
-
hydraulic rail jack
-
hydraulic trolley jack
-
integral jack
-
intermediate jack
-
jacquard jack
-
laboratory jack
-
lamp jack
-
latch jack
-
lever jack
-
lifting jack
-
line input jack
-
line jack
-
log jack
-
lumber jack
-
monitoring jack
-
motor-car jack
-
mud jack
-
needle jack
-
oil pneumatic jack
-
patching jack
-
pattern jack
-
phone jack
-
phono jack
-
pin jack
-
pneumatic jack
-
presser jack
-
prestressing jack
-
pumping jack
-
pup jack
-
rack-and-gear jack
-
rack jack
-
rack-and-pinion jack
-
rack-operated jack
-
rail jack
-
retractable arm jack
-
roof jack
-
safety jack
-
sand jack
-
sawing jack
-
scissor jack
-
screw jack
-
simplex jack
-
sinking jack
-
sliding jack
-
slipform jack
-
smoke jack
-
spring jack
-
substructure jack
-
switchboard jack
-
tachometer jack
-
telephone jack
-
telescopic jack
-
test jack
-
timber jack
-
tip jack
-
transfer jack
-
traversing jack
-
tree jack
-
truck jack
-
wedge-type jack
-
window jack
-
wing screw jack -
45 pile
1) штабель; стопа; кипа; куча; груда; полигр. тж. стапель || штабелировать, складывать в штабель, стопу, кипу, кучу, груду3) отвал грунта; кавальер4) пачка; связка; пакет || связывать в пачки; пакетировать5) свая; столб || вбивать сваи; устраивать свайное основание7) эл. батарея8) эл. (выпрямительный) столб9) текст. ворс•to draw apile — выдёргивать сваю;to drive a pile to refusal — забивать сваю до (расчётного) отказа;to extract a pile — выдёргивать сваю;to jack a pile — погружать сваю домкратом;to jet a pile — погружать сваю с подмывом;to overdrive a pile — забивать сваю до разрушения;to sink a pile — погружать сваю;to splice a pile — наращивать сваю-
anchor pile
-
arch-type sheet pile
-
atomic pile
-
balled-out pile
-
batch pile
-
batter pile
-
bearing pile
-
bored pile
-
box pile
-
box piles
-
built-in-place pile
-
bulb pile
-
caisson pile
-
capped pile
-
cased pile
-
cast-in-place pile
-
closed-end pile
-
closing pile
-
club-footed pile
-
coal pile
-
compaction pile
-
composite pile
-
concrete pile
-
critical pile
-
day pile
-
deep pile
-
deep-arch sheet pile
-
delivery pile
-
dirt pile
-
driven cast-in-place pile
-
driven pile
-
dry pile
-
emergency pile
-
end-bearing pile
-
feeder pile
-
fender pile
-
filling pile
-
floating pile
-
Franki pile
-
friction pile
-
graphite pile
-
grooved pile
-
grouted pile
-
guide pile
-
hollow pile
-
H-pile
-
interlocking pile
-
jetted pile
-
key pile
-
king pile
-
leading pile
-
lubricating pile
-
monotube pile
-
nuclear pile
-
open-end pile
-
pedestal pile
-
pipe pile
-
plank pile
-
plumb pile
-
point-bearing pile
-
precast pile
-
precast-concrete pile
-
prefabricated pile
-
prestressed concrete pile
-
raking pile
-
reinforced concrete pile
-
sand compaction pile
-
scrap pile
-
screw pile
-
shallow-arch sheet pile
-
sheet pile
-
shelled concrete pile
-
slotted pile
-
soldier pile
-
spoil pile
-
standing pile
-
stay pile
-
steel pile
-
supercritical pile
-
tailing pile
-
timber pile
-
triple-lap pile
-
tubular pile
-
waste pile
-
wood pile
-
zee-type sheet pile -
46 support
1) опора; (опорная) стойка; подпорка || опирать(ся); служить опорой; подпирать3) нести; выдерживать4) люнет; суппорт5) горн. крепь7) обеспечение; обслуживание; поддержка || обеспечивать; обслуживать; поддерживать8) средства обеспечения; средства обслуживания; средства поддержки9) вчт. поддержка10) твёрдый носитель ( в хроматографии)11) основа ( печатной платы)12) кфт., электрон. подложка13) кфт. штатив•to be supported at two points — опираться на две точки (напр. о балке);to be supported on four sides — опираться по контуру (напр. о плите);to support load — нести нагрузку; выдерживать нагрузку;to supportsimply — опирать свободно (напр. балку)-
administrative support
-
air-cushion support
-
alumina support
-
anchor support
-
angle support
-
anode support
-
arched support
-
articulated support
-
artificial support
-
aviation logistic support
-
aviation-engineering support
-
ball track support
-
ballast support
-
bar support
-
bearing support
-
bolster support
-
brake beam safety support
-
brake support
-
brush holder support
-
built-in support
-
bus support
-
busbar support
-
carbon support
-
catalyst support
-
cathode support
-
chock support
-
chock-shield support
-
collar support
-
collodion support
-
combined support
-
combustible support
-
concrete support
-
copy support
-
corner support
-
cutter support
-
elastic support
-
electrode support
-
electronic support
-
encastre support
-
engine support
-
face support
-
formvar support
-
fuel tank support
-
function support
-
fuse support
-
hardware support
-
hinged immovable support
-
hinged support
-
hinged movable support
-
hose coupling support
-
hydraulic-powered support
-
immediate forward support
-
immovable support
-
joint-shaped support
-
knife-edge support
-
ladle support
-
lens support
-
logistical support
-
logistic support
-
maintenance support
-
metal support
-
movable support
-
multitasking support
-
needle roller support
-
negative support
-
oiling shaft support
-
orientable support
-
overarm support
-
packing support
-
paper support
-
permanent support
-
photographic support
-
plate support
-
point support
-
powered roof support
-
primary support
-
printer support
-
programming support
-
rail support
-
resonant system support
-
rigid support
-
rocker arm shaft support
-
roll support
-
roller support
-
run-time support
-
self-advancing support
-
shaft support
-
shield support
-
side link support
-
software support
-
solid support
-
stationary support
-
table support
-
temporary support
-
terminal support
-
timber support
-
tool support
-
top batten support
-
transfer arm support
-
transposition support
-
tubing support
-
walking support
-
waveguide support
-
work support
-
yielding support -
47 edge
1) край
2) закраина
3) зарамочная часть
4) зарамочный
5) кант
6) кромка
7) кромочный
8) обтесывать кромки
9) <geom.> ребро
10) берег
11) грань
12) окаймлять
13) обрамлять
14) кайма
15) краевой
16) острие
17) ребристый
18) бортовой
– absorption edge
– back edge
– band edge
– base edge
– bevel the edge
– built-in edge
– car edge
– caulk the edge
– chased edge
– coupling edge
– crimp the edge
– cross edge
– curl the edge
– cuspidal edge
– cuspoidal edge
– cutting edge
– cutting-tool edge
– dispersed ice edge
– edge absorption
– edge diffraction
– edge effect
– edge filter
– edge homomorphism
– edge mill
– edge of a bucket
– edge of cloth
– edge of regression
– edge polyhedron
– edge staining
– edge water
– edge wave
– edge weld
– entering edge
– face edge
– impact-knife edge
– lay brick on edge
– leading edge
– leaving edge
– leeward ice edge
– mobility edge
– pit edge
– placer edge
– plain edge
– pulse edge
– scuff the edge
– sharpen the edge
– top edge
– top edge of clouds
– trailing edge
– trim the edge
– windward ice edge
abrupt space-charge edge — метод приближения объемного заряда с резкой границей
edge difference coding — <comput.> кодирование контурных перепадов
sometimes trailing edge — <electr.> фронт импульса
trailing edge of wing — <phys.> кромка крыла задняя
-
48 frame
1) рама
2) каркас
3) кинокадр
4) обрамление
5) обрамлять
6) рамка
7) рамный
8) рамочный
9) стропила
10) шпангоут
11) корпус
12) < radio> лехеровский
13) скелет
14) репер
15) система отсчета
16) система координат
17) ферма
18) строить
19) сооружать
20) каретка
21) остов
22) сетка
23) фрейм
24) станина
– attachment frame
– bed frame
– belt frame
– bend frame
– bogie frame
– boss frame
– bottom frame
– box-type frame
– bracing frame
– built-up frame
– calculating frame
– cant frame
– central-driven log frame
– chassis frame
– cotton rib top frame
– deep frame
– distibuting frame
– distributing frame
– door frame
– double frame
– double log frame
– earth to the frame
– engine frame
– eyeglass frame
– fault to frame
– field frame
– finder frame
– forcing frame
– foundation frame
– frame amplifier
– frame antenna
– frame board
– frame bridge
– frame connection
– frame counter
– frame covering
– frame distortion
– frame divergence
– frame finder
– frame frequency
– frame jib
– frame level
– frame mold
– frame mounting
– frame noise
– frame of reference
– frame period
– frame pulse
– frame ring
– frame saw
– frame sawing
– frame scan
– frame trestle
– frame viewfinder
– frame wedge
– frame welding
– freeze frame
– gallows frame
– girder frame
– heald frame
– hold frame
– intermediate frame
– joggle frame
– link frame
– main frame
– manhole frame
– midship frame
– multiple frame
– multiple-bay frame
– naked frame
– printing frame
– ring frame
– roving frame
– saw frame
– secondary frame
– side frame
– slubbing frame
– soap-cooling frame
– solid frame
– spar frame
– spinning frame
– stator frame
– stern frame
– swing frame
– telemetry frame
– timber frame
– tubular frame
– tweendeck frame
– twisting frame
– two-story frame
– tympan frame
– web frame
– winding frame
– window frame
astronomical frame of reference — система отсчета небесной механики
frame ledge of door — <constr.> фалец дверной
-
49 pile
1. свая || вбивать [вколачивать] сваи2. куча; груда; штабель; кипа ( бумаг) ; пачка, связка, пакет || складывать; сваливать в кучу; штабелировать; пакетировать, связывать в пачки
* * *
* * *
- anchor pile
- buffer pile
- concrete pile
- drilled-and-cemented pile
- drilled-in pile
- drill-in anchor pile
- foundation pile
- hollow pile
- junk pile
- rubbing pile
- screw pile
- sectional pile
- sheet pile
- spud pile
- steel pile
- tapered pile
- test pile
- timber pile
- tubular pile* * *• свая -
50 construcción
construcción sustantivo femenino obrero de la construcción building o construction workerc) (Ling) construction
construcción sustantivo femenino
1 (edificio) building: las construcciones de la zona no aguantaron el temblor de tierra, the buildings in the area did not withstand the earthquake
2 (acción) construction: la construcción de la catedral tardó más de un siglo, it took over a century to complete construction of the cathedral
3 (industria) trabajo en la construcción, I work in the building industry ' construcción' also found in these entries: Spanish: ampliación - concatenación - elevada - elevado - escora - fortaleza - gremio - grúa - hundir - hundimiento - hundirse - levantar - parecerse - promotor - promotora - promover - resaltar - urbanización - barraca - carpintería - en - fuente - licitación - madera - material - obra - robusto - tosco - vivienda English: advocate - building - construction - defence - defense - demonstrate - deserve - erect - erection - flimsy - fountain - mention - rough - shipbuilding - solidly - sound - structure - timber - tumble - well-built - ship -
51 ♦ square
♦ square (1) /skwɛə(r)/n.5 (metall.) barra quadra7 (fam.) pasto abbondante; buon pasto● ( gergo mil.) square-bashing, esercitazione militare; esercizi di marcia □ square one, la prima casella: (fig.) to be back to square one, essere al punto di partenza; essere punto e a capo □ on the square, (agg.) corretto, leale, equo, giusto, onesto; (avv.) correttamente, lealmente, onestamente; (geom.) ad angolo retto: to act on the square, essere leale; comportarsi onestamente; cut on the square, tagliato ad angolo retto □ out of square, fuori di squadra.♦ square (2) /skwɛə(r)/a.1 quadrato ( anche geom., mat.); quadro: a square jaw, una mascella quadrata; square measures, misure quadrate ( di superficie); (naut.) a square sail, una vela quadra; (mat.) a square root, una radice quadrata; one square metre, un metro quadrato3 allineato; in assetto; a posto; in ordine; sistemato; pari e patta: to get things square, mettere a posto le cose; sistemare le cose; We are not square yet, non abbiamo ancora saldato i conti; non siamo ancora pari e patta5 (fam.) giusto; equo; leale; onesto: His play is not always square, il suo gioco non è sempre leale; a square deal, un affare onesto; un trattamento equo8 ( sport) alla pari; in parità (o in pareggio): to end the first half all square, chiudere il primo tempo in parità● square bracket, parentesi quadra □ square-built, tarchiato; tozzo □ square cap, tocco accademico □ ( USA) square dance, danza in quattro coppie ( quadriglia, ecc.) □ «Square Deal», «All'Onestà» ( insegna di negozio) □ (mecc.) square engine, motore quadro □ (mecc.) square-headed bolt, bullone a testa quadra □ square inch, pollice quadrato ( misura di superficie) □ square mile, miglio quadrato (pari a km2 2,59) □ (fig.) the Square Mile, la City di Londra □ ( sport) a square pass, un passaggio laterale □ (fig.) a square peg in a round hole, una persona sbagliata ( per un dato lavoro); un pesce fuor d'acqua □ (naut.) square port, portello □ (naut.) square-rigged, attrezzata con vele quadre □ (naut.) square-rigger, nave con attrezzatura a vele quadre □ (fam. USA) square shooter, tipo onesto (o leale); galantuomo □ square-shouldered, dalle spalle quadrate □ (ingl.) square tin, pane in cassetta; cassetta di pane □ square-toed, ( di scarpa) dalla punta quadrata; (fig.) pedante; pignolo; all'antica; tradizionalista □ (fig.) square-toes, formalista; tradizionalista; pignolo; pedante □ to get square with sb., saldare i conti con q. ( anche fig.): to get square with one's creditors, pagare i debiti; saldare i propri creditori.square (3) /skwɛə(r)/avv.1 ad angolo retto; a squadra● (fig.) He plays fair and square, agisce lealmente.(to) square /skwɛə(r)/A v. t.1 quadrare ( anche fig.); fare la quadratura di: Are you trying to square the circle?, stai cercando di fare la quadratura del cerchio?; (fig.) vuoi forse la luna nel pozzo?2 squadrare: to square timber [a marble slab], squadrare legname da costruzione [una lastra di marmo]3 aggiustare; adattare; mettere in squadra; raddrizzare; drizzare; regolare; mettere a punto: Square your shoulders, drizza le spalle!; to square an instrument, regolare uno strumento5 (comm.) regolare; saldare; pagare; pareggiare; far quadrare: We have squared our accounts, abbiamo regolato i conti; to square figures, far quadrare le cifre6 (fam.) corrompere ( con denaro, mance, ecc.); comprare; ungere (fig.): Can't you square the night porter?, non puoi ungere il portiere di notte?B v. i.1 quadrare (fig.); accordarsi, essere coerente; tornare (fam.): His version of the facts doesn't square with yours, la sua versione dei fatti non quadra con la tua● ( anche fig.) to square accounts with sb., regolare (o saldare) i conti con q.; fare i conti con q. □ ( calcio, ecc.) to square the ball for a teammate, fare un passaggio diagonale (o traversare) per un compagno di squadra □ ( anche fig.) to square the circle, trovare la quadratura del cerchio □ to square matters, mettere tutti d'accordo; sistemare la faccenda □ ( sport) to square the score, pareggiare. -
52 frame
1) конструкция, сооружение, строение; скелет сооружения; каркас; рама, рамка; станина; корпус2) ферма, стропила3) козлы; дуга; скоба4) стойка; колонка; траверса5) границы, пределы, рамки6) система отсчёта, система координат7) создавать, вырабатывать8) собирать ( конструкцию)9) оправлять•- A-frame - adjustable frame - all concrete frame - all-welded frame - angle iron frame - balloon frame - bearing frame - bent frame - body frame - boring frame - box-section frame - box- frame - braced frame - bracing frame - building frame - built-up frame - cab frame - carriage frame - catch frame - channel frame - chassis frame - closed rigid frame - composite truss frame - concrete frame - curved frame - door frame - engine frame - filter frame - finder frame - foundation frame - gate frame - grouted frame - guide frame - half-lattice frame - hanger frame - high-pressure gate frame - hinged frame - hingeless frame - horizontal frame - imperfect frame - jigging frame - knee frame - lattice frame - leader frame - main frame - measuring frame - metal frame - moment-resisting space frame - multiple-bay frame - portal frame - redundant frame - reinforced concrete frame - reinforced concrete skeleton frame - rigid frame - rotary frame - saw frame - self-stressed frame - skeleton frame - skeleton frame construction - slider frame - space frame - steel frame - stiff frame - stiffening frame - supporting frame - travelling frame - window frame* * *1. стержневая конструкция, каркас; рама2. дверная или оконная коробка- A frame
- arched frame
- balloon frame
- braced frame
- bracing frame
- building frame
- chassis frame of crane mounting
- complex frame
- continuous rigid frame
- continuous frame
- conveyor belt frame
- door frame
- filter frame
- fir frame
- fixed frame
- grouted frame
- high-rise building frames
- hingeless frame
- hopper frame
- imperfect frame
- knocked-down frame
- lifting frame
- measuring frame
- moment-resisting space frame
- multiple frame
- multispan frame
- multistory frame
- no-hinged frame
- one-span frame
- orthogonal space frame
- pile frame
- plane frame
- portal frame
- precast concrete frame
- reinforced concrete tower frames
- rigid frame
- rigid portal frame
- rolling shutter frame
- semirigid frame
- several stories high frame
- single swing frame
- site-cast concrete frame
- skewed space frame
- space frame
- steel rigid frame
- steel frame
- steel tube space frame
- structural frame
- structural steelwork frame
- three-dimensional frame
- three-hinged frame
- three-pinned frame
- tie frames
- timber frame
- window frame -
53 girder
главная балка ( при наличии второстепенных балок); балочная ферма; прогон, ригель; крупная составная балка; ферма с параллельными балясинами- arch girder - arched girder - balcony girder - bow girder - bow and chain girder - bowstring girder - box girder - braced girder - braking force transferring girder - bridge girder - built-up girder - cantilever girder - cellular girder - compound girder - corrugated web girder - crane girder - crane-runway girder - cross girder - elastically supported girder - end girder - fascia girder - fixed girder - floor girder - foundation girder - H-girder - half-lattice girder - half-latticed girder - hinged cantilever girder - lattice girder - latticed girder - launching girder - longitudinal girder - lower wind girder - outrigger girder - overhead crane girder - panel girder - parallel-flange girder - plane girder - prefabricated girder - riveted girder - socle girder - steel girder - stiffening girder - suspension girder - T-iron girder - trapezoid girder - trapezoidal girder - triangular girder - trussed girder - tubular girder - upper wind girder - Vierendeel girder - Warren girder - web girder* * *горизонтальный конструктивный элемент; главная балка; ферма с параллельными поясами; прогон- annular girder
- arched girder
- arch girder
- arched girder with braced spandrels
- arch girder with braced spandrels
- arched girder without horizontal thrust
- arch girder without horizontal thrust
- arched girder with polygonal outlines
- arch girder with polygonal outlines
- balcony girder
- bowstring girder
- box girder
- bridge girder
- cable-stay launching girder
- cantilever girder
- compound girder
- crane girder
- crane bridge girder
- crane runway girder
- cross girder
- curved bridge girder
- diaphragm-stiffened box girder
- double-tee girder
- drop-in girder
- dropped girder
- eaves girder
- edge girder
- elastically supported girder
- gantry girder
- H girder
- half-lattice girder
- haunched girder
- hollow steel box girder
- hybrid girder
- latticed girder
- lattice girder
- launching girder
- open-frame girder
- plain girder
- plate girder
- post-tensioned box girder
- precast prestressed girder
- prefabricated girder
- preflex girder
- prestressed concrete box girder
- ring girder
- segmental box girder
- single-hinged arched girder
- single-hinged arch girder
- solid-web girder
- standard CPC I prestressed bridge girder
- steel arched girder
- steel plate box girder
- stiffening girder
- transfer girder
- tubular girder
- Vierendeel girder
- Warren girder
- welded light girder
- welded plate girder
- welded wire girder
- wind-bracing girder
- wood lattice girder -
54 house
1) односемейный жилой дом; жилище; помещение2) вмещать, ставить на место; поместить (где-л.), жить в доме4) защищать, укрывать•- apartment house - basement house - bath house - block house - boiler house - branch house - bunk house - cell house - chapter house - compressor house - control house - cooling house - detached suburban house - domestic house - drying house - duplex-type house - dwelling house - engine house - factory-made house - fan house - fire engine house - frame-type house - gas house - gate house - gig house - greengroup houses - half-timber house - hose house - incineration house - insert house - lodging house - log house - low rent house - mansion house - multi-bay house - multi-bay house with some corridor storeys - no-frills house - one-family house - opera house - panel-built house - panel-type house - patio house - precast concrete house - prefabricated house - pump house - ranch house - ranch-type house - ready-cut house - round house - row houses - sectional house - semi-detached house - single-family house - storage house - study house - substandard house - tank house - tenement house - terrace house - terraced houses - toll house - tool house - town house - two-family house - type house - used house - vacation house - valve house - water house - wattle house - weigh house - wood frame house* * *1. брит. индивидуальный [одноквартирный] дом2. амер. жилой дом, жилое здание3. хранить, содержать- apartment house
- autonomous house
- bachelor house
- bastel house
- bath house
- bird house
- boarding house
- boiler house
- buttress type house
- central boiler house
- cold water house
- condemned house
- cook house
- cool house
- cooperative apartment house
- cooperative house
- country house
- court house
- custom house
- derelict house
- detached house
- district boiler house
- double house
- duplex house
- dwelling house
- engine house
- fire house
- fortified house
- frame house
- gallery apartment house
- garden house
- glass house
- government funded houses
- green house
- guest house
- holiday house
- hot house
- ice house
- instrument shelter house
- log house
- low energy house
- manor house
- multistorey apartment house
- one-off house
- opera house
- power house
- prefabricated house
- private house
- public house
- public sector house
- pump house
- round house
- semidetached house
- settlement house
- single family house
- stately house
- storage house
- studio house
- terraced houses
- tool house
- town house
- two-family house
- vacation house
- wash house
- weekend house -
55 body
кузов (автомобиля); тело; корпус; остов; слой; консистенция (смазочного материала или жидкости); лучок (пилы); главная или основная часть; станина; группа; организация; корпорация; орган- body back panel - body bottom - body brace - body builder - body ceiling - body cement - body cement gun - body centre pillar - body checking tram - body-conformity seating - body contour - body covering - body diameter of axle shaft - body door - body drag - body engineer - body fabric - body file - body floor - body frame - body framing - body front - body front-panel - body heating - body insulation - body integral with chassis - body intercooler - body-in-white - body jack unit - body line - body-making - body of axle - body of connecting rod - body of crank - body of flame - body of fuel - body of oil - body of paint - body of revolution - body of road - body of screw - body of varnish - body of water - body of wheel - body overhang - body rear lower panel - body repair unit - body resistance - body side - body side-panel - body silencing - body size drill - body size hole - body space - body spring - body squeak - body stoop - body tipped endways - body tipped sideways - body upper structure - body ventilation - body with portion over cab - body work- box body- box van body - burner body - bus body - cab body - camel-back body - canopy body - car body - carburetor body - cargo body - caterer's body - chevron body - chummy body - Clapeyron's elastic body - clover-leaf body - coachbuilt body - combination body - composite body - connecting rod body - convertible body - cooler body - cooling body - coupler body - crank body - demonstration body - distributor body - drag-link body - dray body - drop-side body - drop-sided body - drop the body on the chassis - dump body - dumping body - enclosed-deck body - end-dump body - estate-car body - express body - fence-type brewer's body - flexible body - flush-sided body - fore body - four-light body - frameless body - unitized body - garbage and refuse body - glazier's body - grain body - grain hopper body - gravity dump body - guard body - gunboat body - highway hopper body - heating body - hopper body - hot body - hotter body - ice body - ice-cream body - injector body - lamp body - lightweight body - locally built body - log body - lorry body - lumber body - main body of road - moving floor body - muffler body - nozzle body - number body - oil field body - oil filter body - oil pump body - on-body computer - open body - open-top box body - panel body - parcel body - perfectly rigid body - pick-up body - piston body - plank body - plastics body - platform body - platform-and-stake body - plough body - pressed steel body - pullman body - pulp wood body - pump and injector unit body - racing body - rear-dump body - rigger's body - rigid body - roomy body - rotary body - scavenge oil pump body - screen side body - self-discharging body - semistreamline body - shock-absorber body - shop-car body - side-car body - sign body - silencer body - spark-plug body - sporting body - stake body - steel body - stick body - straight-line body - streamlined body - sunshine body - tank-body - tear-drop body - timber body - tipping body - town body - truck body - union body - valve body - van-type body - ventilated van body - wagon body - water pump body - Weymann body -
56 jack
домкрат; лебёдка; таль; рычаг; зажим; пневмоперфоратор; опорное приспособление; винтовая стойка; приспособление, облегчающее труд при ремонте, демонтаже и т.п.; подъёмное приспособление; передвижное подъёмное устройство; штепсель; джек; пружинный переключатель; гнездо (соединителя); розетка; контактная колодка; фишка; дефлектор; колпак (на дымовой трубе); амер. лесоруб; II поднимать домкратом; натягивать арматурную проволоку- jack bar- jack block - jack body repair unit - jack down - jack handle - jack horse - jack-in-the-box - jack-knifing - jack ladder - jack-lift ambulance - jack-lift truck - jack nut - jack pad - jack rack - jack ratchet - jack screw - jack shaft - jack stay - jack table - jack up - jack works - adjustable jack - air jack - anchor jack - booster jack - cross-beam jack - cross conveyor jack - cutoff jack - cylinder jack - draw-bar jack - drum-end jack - foot-operated jack - glassing jack - grounding jack - lever jack - lifting jack - motor-car jack - mud jack - pin jack - pipe jack - pneumatic jack - power jack - prestressing jack - pulling jack - rack-and-pinion jack - rack-operated jack - rail jack - saddle jack - safety jack - screw jack - simplex jack - sliding jack - smoke jack - spring jack - telescopic jack - through-line jack - timber jack - track jack - truck jack - traversing jack - traversing wagon jack -
57 frame
1) рама; каркас; корпус; остов; станина2) обрамление || обрамлять3) рамка4) репер5) кадр6) система координат; система отсчёта7) скелет8) строит. стропильная ферма9) мор. шпангоут10) строит. дверная или оконная коробка11) сооружать; строить•- cotton rib top frame - leather drying frameмор.
to joggle a frame — высаживать шпангоут -
58 pile
1. n свая; столб; кол2. n травинка, былинка3. n наконечник стрелы4. n геральд. клинообразная фигура, обращённая остриём вниз5. n ист. пилум, тяжёлое копьё6. v делать, сооружать свайное основание7. v вбивать, вколачивать сваиthe ditch was piled and planked — в канаву забили сваи, а на них настлали доски
8. n куча, груда; штабель; кипа; пачка, связка; стопкаpile of arms — оружие, составленное в пирамиду
9. n с. -х. кагат, бурт10. n погребальный или жертвенный костёр11. n огромное здание; громада здания12. n разг. состояние, куча денег13. n разг. деньги, денежки14. n разг. разг. куча, масса15. n разг. эл. батареяdry pile — сухой элемент; сухая батарея, батарея сухих элементов
16. n разг. физ. ядерный реактор17. n разг. метал. пакет, пакетная связка18. v складывать, сваливать в кучу; штабелевать19. v нагружать, наваливать, заваливатьto pile coal on a fire, to pile more coal on — подбросить угля в камин
20. v разг. двигаться, передвигаться гурьбой; толпиться; скапливаться21. v амер. разг. бежать, догонять22. n шерсть; волос; пух23. n текст. ворс24. n негладкая, ворсистая, ворсовая ткань; ткань с начёсом, махровая ткань25. n редк. обратная сторона монеты26. n обыкн. pl мед. геморройСинонимический ряд:1. assortment (noun) assortment; batch; bunch; mass; quantity2. bank (noun) accumulation; assemblage; bank; cock; collection; drift; hill; mess; mound; mow; pyramid; rick; shock; stack; stockpile; windrow3. building (noun) building; edifice; erection; structure4. down (noun) down; floss; flue; fluff; fuzz; lint5. fortune (noun) boodle; bundle; fortune; mint; packet; pot; wad6. much (noun) barrel; great deal; heap; lashings; lot; lump; mountain; much; multiplicity; pack; peck; plenty7. nap (noun) fur; hair; nap; pelage; wool8. piling (noun) pier; piling9. pillar (noun) pillar; pole; post10. pyre (noun) pyre11. amass (verb) accumulate; amass; assemble; collect; heap up; hoard; store12. charge (verb) charge; choke; fill; freight; load; pack13. heap (verb) bank; cock; drift; gather; heap; hill; lump; mass; mound; stackАнтонимический ряд:hole; scatter -
59 Boeing, William Edward
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 1 October 1881 Detroit, Michigan, USAd. 28 September 1956 USA[br]American aircraft designer, creator of one of the most successful aircraft manufacturing companies in the world.[br]In 1915 William E.Boeing and his friend Commander Conrad Westervelt decided that they could improve on the aeroplanes then being produced in the United States. Boeing was a prominent Seattle businessman with interests in land and timber, while Westervelt was an officer in the US Navy. They bought a Martin Model T float-plane in order to gain some experience and then produced their own design, the B \& W, which first flew in June 1916. Westervelt was transferred to the East, leaving Boeing to continue the production of the B \& W floatplanes, for which purpose he set up the Pacific Aero Products Company. On 26 April 1917 this became the Boeing Airplane Company, which prospered following the US involvement in the First World War.In March 1919 Boeing and Edward Hubbard inaugurated the world's first international airmail service between Seattle and Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The Boeing Company then had to face the slump in aircraft manufacturing after the war: they survived, and by 1922 they had started producing a successful series of fighters while continuing to develop their flying-boat and floatplane designs. Boeing set up the Boeing Air Transport Corporation to tender for lucrative airmail contracts and then produced aircraft which could out-perform those of his rivals. The company went from strength to strength and by the end of the 1920s a huge conglomerate had been built up: the United Aircraft and Transport Corporation. They produced an advanced high-speed monoplane mailplane, the model 200 Monomail in 1930, which saw the birth of a new era of Boeing designs.The Wall Street crash of 1929 and legislation in 1934, which banned any company from both building aeroplanes and running an airline, were setbacks which the Boeing Airplane Company overcame, moving ahead to become world leaders. William E.Boeing decided that it was time he retired, but he returned to work during the Second World War.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsGuggenheim Medal 1934.Further ReadingC.Chant, 1982, Boeing: The World's Greatest Planemakers, Hadley Wood, England (describes William E.Boeing's part in the founding and building up of the Boeing Company).P.M.Bowers, 1990, Boeing Aircraft since 1916, 3rd edn, London (covers Boeing's aircraft).Boeing Company, 1977, Pedigree of Champions: Boeing since 1916, Seattle.JDS -
60 Brunel, Isambard Kingdom
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Land transport, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Ports and shipping, Public utilities, Railways and locomotives[br]b. 9 April 1806 Portsea, Hampshire, Englandd. 15 September 1859 18 Duke Street, St James's, London, England[br]English civil and mechanical engineer.[br]The son of Marc Isambard Brunel and Sophia Kingdom, he was educated at a private boarding-school in Hove. At the age of 14 he went to the College of Caen and then to the Lycée Henri-Quatre in Paris, after which he was apprenticed to Louis Breguet. In 1822 he returned from France and started working in his father's office, while spending much of his time at the works of Maudslay, Sons \& Field.From 1825 to 1828 he worked under his father on the construction of the latter's Thames Tunnel, occupying the position of Engineer-in-Charge, exhibiting great courage and presence of mind in the emergencies which occurred not infrequently. These culminated in January 1828 in the flooding of the tunnel and work was suspended for seven years. For the next five years the young engineer made abortive attempts to find a suitable outlet for his talents, but to little avail. Eventually, in 1831, his design for a suspension bridge over the River Avon at Clifton Gorge was accepted and he was appointed Engineer. (The bridge was eventually finished five years after Brunel's death, as a memorial to him, the delay being due to inadequate financing.) He next planned and supervised improvements to the Bristol docks. In March 1833 he was appointed Engineer of the Bristol Railway, later called the Great Western Railway. He immediately started to survey the route between London and Bristol that was completed by late August that year. On 5 July 1836 he married Mary Horsley and settled into 18 Duke Street, Westminster, London, where he also had his office. Work on the Bristol Railway started in 1836. The foundation stone of the Clifton Suspension Bridge was laid the same year. Whereas George Stephenson had based his standard railway gauge as 4 ft 8½ in (1.44 m), that or a similar gauge being usual for colliery wagonways in the Newcastle area, Brunel adopted the broader gauge of 7 ft (2.13 m). The first stretch of the line, from Paddington to Maidenhead, was opened to traffic on 4 June 1838, and the whole line from London to Bristol was opened in June 1841. The continuation of the line through to Exeter was completed and opened on 1 May 1844. The normal time for the 194-mile (312 km) run from Paddington to Exeter was 5 hours, at an average speed of 38.8 mph (62.4 km/h) including stops. The Great Western line included the Box Tunnel, the longest tunnel to that date at nearly two miles (3.2 km).Brunel was the engineer of most of the railways in the West Country, in South Wales and much of Southern Ireland. As railway networks developed, the frequent break of gauge became more of a problem and on 9 July 1845 a Royal Commission was appointed to look into it. In spite of comparative tests, run between Paddington-Didcot and Darlington-York, which showed in favour of Brunel's arrangement, the enquiry ruled in favour of the narrow gauge, 274 miles (441 km) of the former having been built against 1,901 miles (3,059 km) of the latter to that date. The Gauge Act of 1846 forbade the building of any further railways in Britain to any gauge other than 4 ft 8 1/2 in (1.44 m).The existence of long and severe gradients on the South Devon Railway led to Brunel's adoption of the atmospheric railway developed by Samuel Clegg and later by the Samuda brothers. In this a pipe of 9 in. (23 cm) or more in diameter was laid between the rails, along the top of which ran a continuous hinged flap of leather backed with iron. At intervals of about 3 miles (4.8 km) were pumping stations to exhaust the pipe. Much trouble was experienced with the flap valve and its lubrication—freezing of the leather in winter, the lubricant being sucked into the pipe or eaten by rats at other times—and the experiment was abandoned at considerable cost.Brunel is to be remembered for his two great West Country tubular bridges, the Chepstow and the Tamar Bridge at Saltash, with the latter opened in May 1859, having two main spans of 465 ft (142 m) and a central pier extending 80 ft (24 m) below high water mark and allowing 100 ft (30 m) of headroom above the same. His timber viaducts throughout Devon and Cornwall became a feature of the landscape. The line was extended ultimately to Penzance.As early as 1835 Brunel had the idea of extending the line westwards across the Atlantic from Bristol to New York by means of a steamship. In 1836 building commenced and the hull left Bristol in July 1837 for fitting out at Wapping. On 31 March 1838 the ship left again for Bristol but the boiler lagging caught fire and Brunel was injured in the subsequent confusion. On 8 April the ship set sail for New York (under steam), its rival, the 703-ton Sirius, having left four days earlier. The 1,340-ton Great Western arrived only a few hours after the Sirius. The hull was of wood, and was copper-sheathed. In 1838 Brunel planned a larger ship, some 3,000 tons, the Great Britain, which was to have an iron hull.The Great Britain was screwdriven and was launched on 19 July 1843,289 ft (88 m) long by 51 ft (15.5 m) at its widest. The ship's first voyage, from Liverpool to New York, began on 26 August 1845. In 1846 it ran aground in Dundrum Bay, County Down, and was later sold for use on the Australian run, on which it sailed no fewer than thirty-two times in twenty-three years, also serving as a troop-ship in the Crimean War. During this war, Brunel designed a 1,000-bed hospital which was shipped out to Renkioi ready for assembly and complete with shower-baths and vapour-baths with printed instructions on how to use them, beds and bedding and water closets with a supply of toilet paper! Brunel's last, largest and most extravagantly conceived ship was the Great Leviathan, eventually named The Great Eastern, which had a double-skinned iron hull, together with both paddles and screw propeller. Brunel designed the ship to carry sufficient coal for the round trip to Australia without refuelling, thus saving the need for and the cost of bunkering, as there were then few bunkering ports throughout the world. The ship's construction was started by John Scott Russell in his yard at Millwall on the Thames, but the building was completed by Brunel due to Russell's bankruptcy in 1856. The hull of the huge vessel was laid down so as to be launched sideways into the river and then to be floated on the tide. Brunel's plan for hydraulic launching gear had been turned down by the directors on the grounds of cost, an economy that proved false in the event. The sideways launch with over 4,000 tons of hydraulic power together with steam winches and floating tugs on the river took over two months, from 3 November 1857 until 13 January 1858. The ship was 680 ft (207 m) long, 83 ft (25 m) beam and 58 ft (18 m) deep; the screw was 24 ft (7.3 m) in diameter and paddles 60 ft (18.3 m) in diameter. Its displacement was 32,000 tons (32,500 tonnes).The strain of overwork and the huge responsibilities that lay on Brunel began to tell. He was diagnosed as suffering from Bright's disease, or nephritis, and spent the winter travelling in the Mediterranean and Egypt, returning to England in May 1859. On 5 September he suffered a stroke which left him partially paralysed, and he died ten days later at his Duke Street home.[br]Further ReadingL.T.C.Rolt, 1957, Isambard Kingdom Brunel, London: Longmans Green. J.Dugan, 1953, The Great Iron Ship, Hamish Hamilton.IMcNBiographical history of technology > Brunel, Isambard Kingdom
См. также в других словарях:
Timber framing — (German: Fachwerk literally framework ), or half timbering, and in North America Post and Beam construction is the method of creating structures using heavy squared off and carefully fitted and joined timbers with joints secured by large wooden… … Wikipedia
timber — noun 1) houses built of timber Syn: wood; N.Amer. lumber 2) the timbers of wrecked ships Syn: beam, spar, plank, batten, lath, board, joist, rafter … Synonyms and antonyms dictionary
Timber rafting — is a log transportation method in which logs are tied together into rafts and drifted or pulled across a water body or down a flatter river. It is arguably the second cheapest method of transportation of timber, next after log driving. Both… … Wikipedia
Timber Bush — Timber Bush, Leith, Edinburgh, Scotland.Etymology Bush is the corrupt form of Bourse , meaning a stock exchangeHistoryTimber Bush was originally the open piazza in the lower storey of an ancient building adjoining Queen Street Chapel in Leith,… … Wikipedia
Timber Wolf (roller coaster) — Infobox roller coaster name=Timber Wolf caption=Timber Wolf Stats location=Worlds of Fun section=Americana type=Wood status=Open opened=April, 1989 manufacturer=Dinn Corporation designer=Curtis D. Summers model=Custom track= lift=Chain Lift… … Wikipedia
Timber Jerry — Infobox musical artist Name = Timber Jerry Background = group or band Origin = Tewksbury, Massachusetts, USA Genre = Rock College rock Alternative rock Years active = 2000 mdash; present Label = Emblem Music Associated acts = URL =… … Wikipedia
Timber circle — In archaeology, timber circles are circular arrangements of wooden posts interpreted as being either complexes of freestanding totem poles or as the supports for large circular buildingsBritish IslesTimber circles in the British Isles date to the … Wikipedia
Ottawa River timber trade — Part of a series on History of Ottawa … Wikipedia
Model Timber Home — Model Timber Home, 12 The Boulevard Floreat Model Timber Home is the name, for heritage listing purposes, of a timber framed house in Floreat, Western Australia. Designed by Reg Summerhayes, the plans won a competition for the design of an ideal… … Wikipedia
Glued laminated timber — Glulam frame for the roof of a building. Glued laminated timber, also called Glulam, is a type of structural timber product composed of several layers of dimensioned timber bonded together with durable, moisture resistant adhesives. This material … Wikipedia
German Timber-Frame Road — The German Timber Frame Road, divided in its seven regional sections The German Timber Frame Road (German: Deutsche Fachwerkstraße) is a German tourist route leading from the river Elbe in the north to Lake Constance in the south. Along the road… … Wikipedia