κεκληγώς

κλάζω

make a sharp piercing sound: perf part act masc nom /voc sg (epic)

κλάζω

make a sharp piercing sound: perf part act masc nom /voc sg (epic)

κλάζω, [tense] fut.

A

κλάγξω A.Pers. 948

(lyr.): [tense] aor.1

ἔκλαγξα Il.1.46

, A. Ag. 201 (lyr.): [tense] aor.2

ἔκλᾰγον h.Pan.14

, B.16.127, Theoc.17.71, etc.: [tense] pf.

κέκλαγγα X.Cyn.3.9

, 6.23; subj.

κεκλάγγω Ar.V. 929

; [dialect] Dor.

κέκλᾱγα Alcm.7

; part. κεκληγώς, pl.

κεκλήγοντες Il.17.756

, - ῶτες v.l.ib. 16.430,

κεκλαγώς Plu.Tim.26

:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

κεκλάγξομαι Ar.V. 930

:— make a sharp piercing sound:

1 of birds, scream, οὐκ ἴδον.., ἀλλὰ κλάγξαντος (sc. ἐρῳδιοῦ)

ἄκουσαν Il.10.276

; of starlings and daws,

οὖλον κεκλήγοντες 17.756

, etc.;

γεράνου φωνὴν ἐνιαύσια κεκληγυίης Hes.Op. 449

; of the eagle, Il.12.207, S.Ant. 112 (lyr.), cf. OT 966, etc.

2 of dogs, bark, bay,

οἱ μὲν κεκλήγοντες ἐπέδραμον Od. 14.30

, cf. Ar.V. 929, X.ll.cc., etc.

3 of things, as of arrows in the quiver, clash, rattle,

ἔκλαγξαν δ ἄρ' ὀϊστοί Il.1.46

; of the wind, whistle,

αἶψα γὰρ ἦλθε κεκληγὼς Ζέφυρος Od.12.408

; of wheels, creak, A. Th. 205 (lyr.): c.acc. cogn., κλάζουσι κώδωνες φόβον ring forth terror, ib. 386; τί νέον ἔκλαγε σάλπιγξ.. ἀοιδάν; B.17.3; of the sea, roar,

ἔκλαγεν δὲ πόντος Id.16.127

; of the musician,

κιθάρᾳ κλάζεις παιᾶνας μέλπων E. Ion 905

(lyr.); of Pan on his pipes, h.Pan.14; κλάζεις μέλισμα λύρας (of the τέττιξ) AP7.196 (Mel.).

4 of men, shout, scream,

ὀξέα κεκληγώς Il.2.222

, 17.88: c. acc. cogn., shout aloud, ring forth,

κλάζοντες Ἄρη A.Ag.48

(anap.);

γόον Id.Pers. 948

(lyr.); Ζεὺς ἔκλαγξε βροντάν pealed forth thunder, Pi.P.4.23; also

ἔκλαγξε κέαρ ὀλοαῖσι στοναχαῖς Id.Pae.8.20

.

5 less freq. of articulate sound, ἄλλο μῆχαρ.. μάντις ἔκλαγξεν shrieked forth another remedy, A.Ag. 201 (lyr.); Ζῆνα.. ἐπινίκια κλάζων sounding loudly the song of victory in honour of Z., ib. 174 (lyr.).

κεκλέᾰται, [full] κεκλήατο,

A v. καλέω:—[full] κέκλετο, v. κέλομαι. [full] κέκληγα, part. κεκληγώς, v. κλάζω. [full] κεκλίᾰται, [full] κεκλῐμένος, [full] κέκλῐτο, v. κλίνω. [full] κέκλομαι, [full] κεκλόμενος, v. κέλομαι. [full] κέκλῠθι, [full] κεκλῠτε, v. κλύω.

ὀξύς [(A)], ύδος, ἡ,

A wood sorrel, Oxalis Acetosella, Plin.HN27.112.

2 = ὀξύσχοινος, great sea-rush, Juncus acutus, ib.21.113.

3 = ὀξαλίς, sorrel, Rumex acetosa, Gal.11.667.

------------------------------------

ὀξύς [(B)], εῖα, ύ, [dialect] Ion. fem.

A

ὀξέα Hdt.9.23

, al., v.l. in Hp.Mul.1.64, al. (in codd. freq. ὀξέη, and so Babr.73.1 metri gr.): ὀξεῖα, poet. for neut. pl. ὀξέα, Hes.Sc. 348 :—sharp, keen, whether of a point or an edge, in Hom. and Hes. mostly of weapons or anything made of metal,

ἄκων Il.10.335

, al.;

ἄορ 21.173

, Hes.Sc. 457 ;

βέλος Il.4.185

, etc.; also of non-metallic substances,

λᾶας 16.739

;

μοχλός Od.9.382

;

σκόλοπες Il. 12.56

,64 ; ὀξεῖα κορυφή, of a mountain-peak, Od.12.74 ; so

πάγοι ὀξέες 5.411

; λίθος ὀξὺς πεποιημένος sharpened so as to serve as a knife, Hdt. 7.69, cf. 3.8 ; κυρβασίας ἐς ὀξὺ ἀπηγμένας brought to a point, Id.7.64 ;

ὄρεα ἐς ὀ. τὰς κορυφὰς ἀ. Id.2.28

; τὸ ὀ. the apex of a triangle, ib.16 ; of the heart, Arist.Resp. 478b5 ;

τὸ ὀ. τοῦ ᾠοῦ Id.GA 752b8

; ὀ. γωνία an acute angle, Id.Top. 107a16, al., Euc.1 Def.12, Archim. Spir.16 ;

Χρόνος ὀξὺς ὀδόντας Simon.176

; ἡ ὀξεῖα, name of a surgical instrument, Hermes 38.282, Heliod. ap. Orib.44.23.59 ; but also, a pointed splinter of bone, ib.46.20.5.

II in reference to the senses,

1 of feeling, sharp, keen,

ὀδύναι Il.11.268

; ὀ. ἠέλιος the piercing sun, h.Ap. 374 ; ὀξειᾶν ἀκτίνων πατήρ, i.e. the Sun, Pi.O.7.70 ;

Σείριος ὀξὺς ἐλλάμπων Archil.61

;

πῦρ ὀ. Anaxipp.1.12

; so

χιὼν ὀξεῖα Pi.P.1.20

; so also of grief and the like ,

ἄχος Il.19.125

;

μελεδῶναι Od.19.517

: and generally, sharp, severe,

μάχη ὀξέα.. γίνεται

keenly contested,

Hdt.9.23

;

ὀ. πυρετός Hp.VM16

([comp] Sup.);

[ἡ νόσος] ὀξεῖα φοιτᾷ καὶ ταχεῖ' ἀπέρχεται S.Ph. 808

; νόσοι, μανίαι, Pi.O.8.85, N.11.48 ([comp] Comp.), cf. Hp.Acut.tit., Archig. ap. Gal.9.887 ;

πάθαι Pi.P.3.97

;

ἐπιμομφά Id.O.10(11).9

, etc.

2 of the sight,

ὀξύτατον ὄμμα Id.N.10.62

;

ὄψις.. ὀξυτάτη τῶν διὰ τοῦ σώματος.. αἰσθήσεων Pl.Phdr. 250d

: freq. in neut. as Adv., ὀξύτατον δέρκεσθαι to be keenest of sight, Il.17.675 ;

ὀξύτατα καθορᾶν Pl.R. 516c

; so ὀξὺ νοεῖν notice a thing sharply, Il.3.374 ;

ὀξὺ προϊδεῖν Od.5.393

;

ὀξύτερον βλέπει Ar.Pl. 1048

, Lys. 1202 (lyr.): prov.,

ὀξύτερον τοῦ Λυγκέως βλέπειν Id.Pl. 210

, cf. Macar.Prov.6.41 ; also ὀξὺ ἄκουσεν heard with sharp ear, Il.17.256, cf. Pl.Lg. 927b ; ὀξεῖαν ἀκοὴν.. λόγοις διδούς keen attention, S.El. 30.

b of things that affect the sight, dazzling, bright,

αὐγὴ Ἠελίου Il.17.372

;

[Ἠελίου] ὀξύτατον πέλεται φάος εἰσοράασθαι 14.345

: hence of colours, Ar. Pax 1173 (v.

φοινικίς 2

) ;

αἱ ὀξεῖαι χροιαί Arist. Phgn. 806b4

;

πορφύρα Plu.Cat.Mi.6

, PHolm.20.36 ;

[ἐσθὴς] ὀξυτέρα καὶ τηλαυγεστέρα Ael.NA4.46

.

3 of sound, shrill, piercing,

ἀϋτή Il.15.313

;

ὀξὺ βοήσας 17.89

;

ὀξὺ δὲ κωκύσασα 18.71

;

ὀξὺ λεληκώς 22.141

;

ὀξέα κεκληγώς 17.88

, etc.; of whinnying horses,

ὀξεῖα χρέμισαν Hes.Sc. 348

; of young pigs,

ὀξὺ κεκράγατε Ar.Ach. 804

; of the scream of birds of prey,

ὀξέα κλάζων S.Ant. 112

(anap.) ; of metals,

ἰάχεσκε σάκος ὀξέα καὶ λιγέως Hes.Sc. 233

; also of the wail of the nightingale (cf. ὀξύφωνος),

ὄρνιθος ὀ. φθόγγον S.Ant. 424

; so ἐπηλάλαξαν τὸν ὀ. νόμον shrieked their shrill song, A.Th. 952 (lyr.) ; ὀξὺ μέλος, of the grasshopper, Ar.Av. 1095 (lyr.).

b of musical tones, in a technical sense, high-pitched, opp.

βαρύς, φθόγγοι Pl.Ti. 80a

, X. Cyn.6.20 ;

ὀξυτάτη χορδή Pl.Phdr. 268d

;

φωνὴ ὀξεῖα, βαρεῖα, μέση Arist.Rh. 1403b29

;

τῷ ὀξεῖ ἐν φωνῇ μὲν ἐναντίον τὸ βαρύ, ἐν ὄγκῳ δὲ τὸ ἀμβλύ Id.Top. 106a13

.

c in Music, δι' ὀξειῶν ([dialect] Dor. - ᾶν) interval of a fifth, Philol.6, Arist.Pr. 920a24.

d ἡ ὀξεῖα (sc. προσῳδία ) the acute accent, D.T.630.1, A.D.Pron.35.10, al.; τὸν τόνον φυλάσσειν ὀ. ib.60.1 ;

ὀ. συλλαβή Pl.Cra. 399b

;

ὀ. στοιχεῖον S.E.M.1.113

.

4 of taste, sharp, pungent, acid,

φακῆ X.Cyr.6.2.31

;

ὄξος Diph.18.1

;

οἶνος Alex. 141.12

;

ἐξ ὀξέος καὶ ἁλμυροῦ ξυνθεὶς ζύμωμα Pl.Ti. 74c

.

5 of smell, Arist.de An. 421a30 ;

ὀξύτατον ὄζειν τινός Ar.Ach. 193

.

III metaph., of the inner sense, sharp, keen, hasty, esp. quick to anger, passionate, epith. of Ares, Il.2.440,al. ;

μένος ὀξύ h.Hom.8.14

;

καρδίη ὀξυτέρη Thgn.366

;

θυμὸς ὀ. S.OC 1193

;

νέος καὶ ὀ. Pl.Grg. 463e

;

οἱ ἀκρόχολοι ὀξεῖς Arist.EN 1126a18

: so in ὀξύ-θυμος, -κάρδιος, -χολος.

2 sharp, quick,

δεινοὶ καὶ ὀξεῖς Pl.Ap. 39b

: c. inf.,

ἐπινοῆσαι ὀ. Th.1.70

;

γνῶναι.. ὀξύτατοι τὰ ῥηθέντα D.3.15

; also

εἰς πάντα τὰ μαθήματα ὀξεῖς Pl.R. 526b

;

τὰς ἐνθυμήσεις ὀξύς Luc.Salt. 81

.

IV of motion, quick, swift, post-Hom.,

ὀξυτάτους ἵππους Hdt. 5.9

(v.l. ὠκυτάτους) ;

ἱερακίσκος Ar.Av. 1112

;

ὀξυτέρῳ χαλινῷ S.Ant. 108

(lyr.) ; of a report,

ὀξεῖα βάξις διῆλθ' Ἀχαιούς Id.Aj. 998

; ὀξεῖαν ἐκβάλλει ῥοήν, of a dying man, Id.Ant. 1238, cf. A.Ag. 1389 ; of a flame, fierce, Thphr.HP5.9.3 ;

ᾄξας ὀξὺς νότος ὥς S.Aj. 258

(anap.) ; τὸ εὔψυχον.. ὀξεῖς ἐνδείκνυνται are quick in displaying, Th.4.126 ; opp. βραδύς, Id.8.96 ; opp. ῥάθυμος, Arist.EE 1240a2 ; opp. ἡσύχιος, Id.EN 1116a9 ;

ὀ. παράγγελμα Onos.10.2

; ὀ. καιρός an urgent crisis, Id.6.1, al.; ὁ ὀ. δρόμος the express post, POxy.900.7 (iv A. D.), 2115.6 (iv A. D.) ;

ὀξεῖς οἱ πόδες αὐτῶν ἐκχέαι αἷμα Ep.Rom.3.15

: esp. in Adv. (v. infr.).

V regul. Adv. ὀξέως quickly, soon, βοηθεῖν, μεταχειρίσαι, Th.6.10,12, etc.; sharply, ὁρᾶν, αἰσθάνεσθαι, Pl.R. 567b, Phdr. 263c ; poet.

ὀξείως Epigr.Gr.986.3

([place name] Philae): [comp] Comp.

ὀξυτέρως Hp. Epid.3.17

.β' ; ὀξυτέρως ἀποθῄνσκειν ib.1.2 ; but,

2 neut. ὀξύ and pl. ὀξέα as Adv., v. supr. 11.2,3 : [comp] Comp.

ὀξύτερον Th.2.8

, Pl.Tht. 190a : [comp] Sup.

ὀξύτατον Il.17.675

, Pl.Lg. 741d ; or

ὀξύτατα Id.R. 401e

, al. (Cf. ὀξίνα, ὄκρις.)

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `sound, sharp sound, cry of an animal' etc. (Il.), also κλαγγόν `id.' (Babr.),

Other forms: Dat. also κλαγγ-ί (Ibyc. 56; s. below)

Derivatives: κλαγγηδόν `with crying' (Β 463; Haas Μνήμης χάριν 1, 133), κλαγγώδης `full of sound, shrill' (Hp., Gal.). Besides κλάζω, also with prefix, e. g. ἀνα-, ἐκ-, aor. κλάγξαι `sound, resound, cry' (Il.), also κλαγεῖν (B. 16, 127, h. Hom. 19, 14, E. u. a.), fut. κλάγξω (A.), perf. κεκλήγοντες (Aeolising) and κεκληγώς, - ῶτες (Hom.; Schwyzer 540 n. 4, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 430f.), κέκλᾱγα (Alcm. 7), κέκλαγγα (Ar., X.), perfect future κεκλάγξομαι (Ar.).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Isolated presents: κλαγγαίνω (A. Eu. 131), - άνω (S.), - έω (Theoc. Ep. 6, 5), - άζω (Poll., Porph.). - To κλαγεῖν: κλαγερός `crying' (AP). As yot-present κλάζω may come from *κλάγγ-ι̯ω from a root noun κλάγγ-, which is seen in κλαγγ-ί (or innovation?); but it could also be a primary nasal present, with - ζω from the sound-verbs ( ὀλολύζω, οἰμώζω a. o.; cf. Schwyzer 716). The non-present forms κλάγξαι, κλάγξω, κέκλαγγα are anyhow innovations. In function κλαγγ-ή is a verbal noun (cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 11f.). In κλαγεῖν and κέκληγα original primary nasalless forms may have been preserved, but analogical innovation with loss of the nsal is not impossible (Leumann Celtica 3, 248). - A direct comparison (except for - ζω) is Lat. clangō `cry' (almost only present), with which OIc. hlakka `cry' (with assimilation nk \> kk) may agree. The words belong to a widespread group of soundword (but καλεῖν and κέλαδος do not belong here; cf. the material in Bq, Pok. 599f., W.-Hofmann s. clangō. Note that an IE * klag- is impossible (* klh₂g- wouldhave given in Greek *κλᾱγ-; a form * klh₂eng- gives *καλαγγ-). Schwyzer 692 assumes expressive nasalization, but this does not help as *κλαγ- cannot be generated. Cf. Fur. 274. Is the basic form Pre-Greek?

See also: - S. auch κλώζω.

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