vitā

măgistra, ae, f. [id.], a mistress, superior, conductress, directress, etc.

Lit (very rare):

ludo magistra esse,

school-mistress, instructress, Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 7.— A highpriestess, Inscr. Orell. 1501; 1519 sq.; 2427 sq.—

Trop., a directress, conductress, instructress:

nunc ego ad vos discipulus venio ad magistras,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 32: vita rustica parsimoniae magistra est. Cic. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

philosophia magistra vitae,

id. Tusc. 5, 2, 5:

historia, magistra vitae,

id. de Or. 2, 9, 36:

lex quasi dux vitae et magistra officiorum,

id. N. D. 1, 15, 40:

frigus formicā quidam expavere magistrā,

Juv. 6, 361:

vita magistra,

id. 13, 22:

arte magistrā,

with the aid of art, Verg. A. 8, 442:

pietate magistrā,

Stat. Achil. 1 104.—Adj. ( poet.):

artes magistrae,

Ov. H. 15, 82:

jussis parere magistris,

Sil. 3, 387:

clementia magistra,

Claud. 22, 22.

mansĭo, ōnis, f. [maneo], a staying, remaining, stay, continuance.

Lit. (class.):

is saepe mecum de tua mansione, aut decessione communicat,

Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 5:

mansio Formiis,

id. Att. 9, 5, 1:

excessus e vita et in vita mansio,

id. Fin. 3, 18, 60:

cautior certe est mansio,

id. Att. 8, 15, 2:

diutinae Lemni,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 23: crebrae ad amicam, i. e. visits, Turp. ap. Non. 132, 16.—

Transf. (post-Aug.), a place of abode, a dwelling, habitation.

In gen.:

pecorum mansio,

Plin. 18, 23, 53, § 194:

aestivae, hibernae, vernae, auctumnales,

Pall. 1, 9, 5; 1, 12:

mansionem apud eum faciemus,

Vulg. Joann. 14, 23:

multae mansiones,

id. ib. 14, 2.—

Esp.

Night-quarters, lodging-place, inn; also, as a measure of days' journeys, a stopping or haltingplace, station:

deinde ad primam statim mansionem febrim nactus,

Suet. Tib. 10:

a quo (monte) octo mansionibus distat regio, etc.,

i. e. stations, days' journeys, Plin. 12, 14, 30, § 52:

aquationum ratione mansionibus dispositis,

id. 6, 23, 26, § 102:

continuatis mansionibus,

Just. 13, 8, 5.—

Mala mansio, bad quarters, a kind of punishment in which the culprit was stretched out and tied fast to a board, Dig. 47, 10, 15; 16, 3, 7.

mī̆gro, āvi, ātum, 1 (migrassit for migraverit, Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 11), v. n. and a. [etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. root mā, exchange; also meo].

Neutr., to remove from one place to another, to depart, flit, migrate (class.).

Lit.:

migrare e fano foras,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 1:

ex urbe tu rus habitatum migres?

Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 13:

ad integra omnia,

Liv. 5, 53:

ad generum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 36, § 89:

in tabernas,

Hor. A. P. 229:

Veios,

Liv. 5, 53:

Alexandriam vel Ilium,

Suet. Caes. 79:

finibus,

Plin. 6, 17, 21, § 59: Verres domo ejus emigrat atque adeo exit: nam jam ante migrārat, he quits his house (leaves it himself without taking any thing with him); for he had already removed (had taken away his furniture), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 36, § 89:

consilium migrandi a Tarquiniis cepit,

Liv. 1, 34, 5:

itaque non solum inquilini, sed etiam mures migraverunt,

Cic. Att. 14, 9, 1: cum tota Karthagine migra, be off! Juv. 6, 171.— Impers. pass.:

in alium quendam locum ex his locis morte migretur,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 97:

Romam inde frequenter migratum est a propinquis,

Liv. 1, 11, 4.—

Trop., to go away, depart, to pass over, change, turn:

scio ipse quid agam, neque mens officio migrat,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 13:

mea ut migrare dicta possint, quo volo,

id. Ps. 1, 5, 54:

ex hac vitā,

Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9; cf. id. ib. 6, 15, 15:

de vitā,

i. e. to die, id. Fin. 1, 19, 62:

equitis migravit ab aure voluptas ad oculos,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 187:

haec medicina migrabat in Graeciae linguas,

Plin. 25, 2, 6, § 16:

omnia migrant, Omnia commutat natura,

change, Lucr. 5, 831:

caerula quae sunt Numquam in marmoreum possunt migrare colorem,

id. 2, 774:

in varias migrare figuras,

Ov. M. 15, 172:

cornua in mucronem migrantia,

running out into, ending in, Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 125:

ad aliud matrimonium,

Dig. 24, 2, 6.—

To carry away, transport, transfer (rare):

cassita nidum migravit,

Gell. 2, 29, 16:

relicta quae migratu difficilia essent,

Liv. 10, 34:

num migrantur Rhoeteia regna In Libyam Superis?

are transferred, Sil. 7, 431.—

To transgress, break, violate, opp. to servare:

jus civile migrare (opp. conservare),

Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 67:

ea migrare et non servare,

id. Off. 1, 10, 31.

plēnus, a, um, adj. [from the root ple-; Sanscr. prā-, to fill; Gr. pla- in pimplêmi, plêthô; Lat. plerus, plebs, populus, etc.; whence compleo, expleo, suppleo], full, filled with any thing (class.; cf.: refertus, oppletus).

Lit.

In gen., with gen.:

rimarum,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 25:

corpus suci,

id. ib. 2, 3, 27:

Gallia est plena civium Romanorum,

Cic. Font. 1, 11:

domus plena caelati argenti,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 14. §

35: vini, somni,

id. Red. in Sen. 6, 13: [p. 1387] stellarum, id. Rep. 6, 11, 11.—With abl.:

plena domus ornamentis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 126:

vita plena et conferta voluptatibus,

id. Sest. 10, 23:

plenum pueris gymnasium,

Quint. 2, 8, 3.— Absol.:

auditorium,

Quint. 2, 11, 3:

plenissimis velis navigare,

with swelling sails, Cic. Dom. 10, 24.—As subst.: plēnum, i, n., space occupied by matter, a plenum, Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118.—Adverb.: ad plenum, to repletion, copiously, abundantly ( poet.), Verg. G. 2, 244:

hic tibi copia Manabit ad plenum benigno Ruris honorum opulenta cornu,

Hor. C. 1, 17, 15; so Veg. 2, 9:

philosophiae scientiam ad plenum adeptus,

Eutr. 8, 10.—

In partic.

Of bodily size, stout, bulky, portly, plump, corpulent (class.):

pleni enective simus,

Cic. Div. 2, 69, 142:

vulpecula pleno corpore,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 31:

frigus inimicum est tenui: at prodest omnibus plenis,

Cels. 1, 9:

femina,

Ov. A. A. 2, 661.— Comp.:

tauros palea ac feno facere pleniores,

Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 12.— Sup.:

plenissimus quisque,

Cels. 2, 1.—

Of females, big, with child, pregnant (class.):

et cum te gravidam et cum te pulchre plenam aspicio, gaudeo,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 49:

femina,

Ov. M. 10, 469; Val. Fl. 1, 413:

sus plena,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101; cf.:

Telluri plenae victima plena datur (preceded by gravida),

Ov. F. 4, 634.—

Filled, satisfied ( poet.), Ov. Am. 2, 6, 29:

plenus cum languet amator,

sated with reading, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 8; cf.:

illa bibit sitiens lector, mea pocula plenus,

Ov. P. 3, 4, 55.—

Full packed, laden; with abl.:

quadrupedes pleni dominis armisque,

Stat. Th. 4, 812:

exercitus plenissimus praedā,

Liv. 41, 28:

crura thymo plenae (apes),

Verg. G. 4, 181.— Absol.:

vitis,

Ov. Am. 2, 14, 23.—

Entire, complete, full, whole:

ut haberet ad praeturam gerendam plenum annum atque integrum,

Cic. Mil. 9, 24:

gaudia,

id. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:

numerus,

id. Rep. 6, 12, 12:

pleno aratro sulcare,

with the whole plough sunk in the ground, Col. 2, 2, 25:

sustineas ut onus, nitendum vertice pleno est, i. e. toto,

Ov. P. 2, 7, 77:

pleno gradu,

at full pace, at storming pace, Liv. 4, 32.— Neutr. adverb.: in plenum, on the whole, generally (post-Aug.), Plin. 13, 4, 7, § 31; Sen. Ep. 91, 9.—

Of the voice, sonorous, full, clear, strong, loud (class.):

vox grandior et plenior,

Cic. Brut. 84, 289:

voce plenior,

id. de Or. 1, 29, 132.—

Of letters, syllables, words, full, at full length, not contracted, unabridged:

pleniores syllabae,

Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28:

ut E plenissimum dicas,

Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 46:

siet plenum est, sit imminutum,

id. Or. 47, 157:

plenissima verba,

Ov. M. 10, 290.—

Of food and drink, strong, hearty, substantial:

pleniores cibi,

Cels. 3, 20:

vinum,

id. 1, 6.—

Full, abundant, plentiful, much:

non tam Siciliam, quam inanem offenderant, quam Verrem ipsum, qui plenus decesserat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12:

urbes,

id. Pis. 37, 91:

pecunia,

much money, id. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:

mensa,

Verg. A. 11, 738.— Comp.:

serius potius ad nos, dum plenior,

Cic. Fam. 7, 9, 2:

tres uno die a te accepi litteras, unam brevem, duas pleniores,

fuller, larger, id. ib. 11, 12, 1.— Sup.:

plenissima villa,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 50.—

Of age, full, advanced, ripe, mature:

jam plenis nubilis annis,

marriageable, Verg. A. 7, 53:

plenus vitā,

Stat. S. 2, 2, 129:

annis,

full of years, that has reached extreme old age, Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 7:

plenior annis,

Val. Fl. 1, 376:

annus vicesimus quintus coeptus pro pleno habetur,

Dig. 50, 4, 8.—

Law t. t.: pleno jure, with a complete legal title:

proinde pleno jure incipit, id est et in bonis et ex jure Quiritium, tua res esse,

Gai. Inst. 2, 41:

pleno jure heres fieri,

id. ib. 3, 85 al.—

Trop., full, filled.

In gen., with gen.: plenus fidei, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 342 Vahl.):

jejunitatis plenus,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 3, 13:

consili,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 49:

viti probrique,

id. Mil. 2, 5, 13:

fraudis, sceleris, parricidi, perjuri,

id. Rud. 3, 2, 37:

offici,

Cic. Att. 7, 4, 1:

negoti,

full of business, id. N. D. 1, 20, 54; Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 146:

irae,

Liv. 3, 48:

ingenii,

Cic. Fl. 6, 15:

laboris,

Plin. 6, 19, 22, § 66:

quae regio in terris nostri non plena laboris?

is not full of our disaster? Verg. A. 1, 460.—With abl.:

plenus sum exspectatione de Pompeio,

full of expectation, Cic. Att. 3, 14, 1:

laetitiā,

Caes. B. C. 1, 74:

humanitate,

Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2; 2, 1, 7.—

In partic.

Complete, finished, ample, copious (class.):

orator plenus atque perfectus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 59:

plenior, opp. to jejunior,

id. ib. 3, 4, 16:

oratio plenior,

id. Off. 1, 1, 2:

pleniora scribere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 53.—

Full of, abounding or rich in any thing:

plenum bonarum rerum oppidum,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 38:

quis plenior inimicorum fuit C. Mario?

Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19: pleniore ore laudare, with fuller mouth, i. e. more heartily, id. Off. 1, 18, 61.—Hence, adv.: plēnē.

Lit., full (post-Aug.):

vasa plene infundere,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 139.—

Trop., fully, wholly, completely, thorougnly, largely (class.):

plene cumulateque aliquid perficere,

Cic. Div. 2, 1:

plene perfectae munitiones,

Caes. B. G. 3, 3:

aliquid vitare,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13:

plene sapientes homines,

id. Off. 1, 15:

praestare aliquid,

perfectly, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 14.— Comp.:

plenius facere aliquid,

Ov. P. 2, 11, 20:

alere,

Quint. 2, 2, 8.— Sup.:

quamvis illud plenissime, hoc restrictissime feceris,

Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 13.

plēnus, a, um, adj. [from the root ple-; Sanscr. prā-, to fill; Gr. pla- in pimplêmi, plêthô; Lat. plerus, plebs, populus, etc.; whence compleo, expleo, suppleo], full, filled with any thing (class.; cf.: refertus, oppletus).

Lit.

In gen., with gen.:

rimarum,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 25:

corpus suci,

id. ib. 2, 3, 27:

Gallia est plena civium Romanorum,

Cic. Font. 1, 11:

domus plena caelati argenti,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 14. §

35: vini, somni,

id. Red. in Sen. 6, 13: [p. 1387] stellarum, id. Rep. 6, 11, 11.—With abl.:

plena domus ornamentis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 126:

vita plena et conferta voluptatibus,

id. Sest. 10, 23:

plenum pueris gymnasium,

Quint. 2, 8, 3.— Absol.:

auditorium,

Quint. 2, 11, 3:

plenissimis velis navigare,

with swelling sails, Cic. Dom. 10, 24.—As subst.: plēnum, i, n., space occupied by matter, a plenum, Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118.—Adverb.: ad plenum, to repletion, copiously, abundantly ( poet.), Verg. G. 2, 244:

hic tibi copia Manabit ad plenum benigno Ruris honorum opulenta cornu,

Hor. C. 1, 17, 15; so Veg. 2, 9:

philosophiae scientiam ad plenum adeptus,

Eutr. 8, 10.—

In partic.

Of bodily size, stout, bulky, portly, plump, corpulent (class.):

pleni enective simus,

Cic. Div. 2, 69, 142:

vulpecula pleno corpore,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 31:

frigus inimicum est tenui: at prodest omnibus plenis,

Cels. 1, 9:

femina,

Ov. A. A. 2, 661.— Comp.:

tauros palea ac feno facere pleniores,

Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 12.— Sup.:

plenissimus quisque,

Cels. 2, 1.—

Of females, big, with child, pregnant (class.):

et cum te gravidam et cum te pulchre plenam aspicio, gaudeo,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 49:

femina,

Ov. M. 10, 469; Val. Fl. 1, 413:

sus plena,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101; cf.:

Telluri plenae victima plena datur (preceded by gravida),

Ov. F. 4, 634.—

Filled, satisfied ( poet.), Ov. Am. 2, 6, 29:

plenus cum languet amator,

sated with reading, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 8; cf.:

illa bibit sitiens lector, mea pocula plenus,

Ov. P. 3, 4, 55.—

Full packed, laden; with abl.:

quadrupedes pleni dominis armisque,

Stat. Th. 4, 812:

exercitus plenissimus praedā,

Liv. 41, 28:

crura thymo plenae (apes),

Verg. G. 4, 181.— Absol.:

vitis,

Ov. Am. 2, 14, 23.—

Entire, complete, full, whole:

ut haberet ad praeturam gerendam plenum annum atque integrum,

Cic. Mil. 9, 24:

gaudia,

id. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:

numerus,

id. Rep. 6, 12, 12:

pleno aratro sulcare,

with the whole plough sunk in the ground, Col. 2, 2, 25:

sustineas ut onus, nitendum vertice pleno est, i. e. toto,

Ov. P. 2, 7, 77:

pleno gradu,

at full pace, at storming pace, Liv. 4, 32.— Neutr. adverb.: in plenum, on the whole, generally (post-Aug.), Plin. 13, 4, 7, § 31; Sen. Ep. 91, 9.—

Of the voice, sonorous, full, clear, strong, loud (class.):

vox grandior et plenior,

Cic. Brut. 84, 289:

voce plenior,

id. de Or. 1, 29, 132.—

Of letters, syllables, words, full, at full length, not contracted, unabridged:

pleniores syllabae,

Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28:

ut E plenissimum dicas,

Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 46:

siet plenum est, sit imminutum,

id. Or. 47, 157:

plenissima verba,

Ov. M. 10, 290.—

Of food and drink, strong, hearty, substantial:

pleniores cibi,

Cels. 3, 20:

vinum,

id. 1, 6.—

Full, abundant, plentiful, much:

non tam Siciliam, quam inanem offenderant, quam Verrem ipsum, qui plenus decesserat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12:

urbes,

id. Pis. 37, 91:

pecunia,

much money, id. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:

mensa,

Verg. A. 11, 738.— Comp.:

serius potius ad nos, dum plenior,

Cic. Fam. 7, 9, 2:

tres uno die a te accepi litteras, unam brevem, duas pleniores,

fuller, larger, id. ib. 11, 12, 1.— Sup.:

plenissima villa,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 50.—

Of age, full, advanced, ripe, mature:

jam plenis nubilis annis,

marriageable, Verg. A. 7, 53:

plenus vitā,

Stat. S. 2, 2, 129:

annis,

full of years, that has reached extreme old age, Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 7:

plenior annis,

Val. Fl. 1, 376:

annus vicesimus quintus coeptus pro pleno habetur,

Dig. 50, 4, 8.—

Law t. t.: pleno jure, with a complete legal title:

proinde pleno jure incipit, id est et in bonis et ex jure Quiritium, tua res esse,

Gai. Inst. 2, 41:

pleno jure heres fieri,

id. ib. 3, 85 al.—

Trop., full, filled.

In gen., with gen.: plenus fidei, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 342 Vahl.):

jejunitatis plenus,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 3, 13:

consili,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 49:

viti probrique,

id. Mil. 2, 5, 13:

fraudis, sceleris, parricidi, perjuri,

id. Rud. 3, 2, 37:

offici,

Cic. Att. 7, 4, 1:

negoti,

full of business, id. N. D. 1, 20, 54; Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 146:

irae,

Liv. 3, 48:

ingenii,

Cic. Fl. 6, 15:

laboris,

Plin. 6, 19, 22, § 66:

quae regio in terris nostri non plena laboris?

is not full of our disaster? Verg. A. 1, 460.—With abl.:

plenus sum exspectatione de Pompeio,

full of expectation, Cic. Att. 3, 14, 1:

laetitiā,

Caes. B. C. 1, 74:

humanitate,

Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2; 2, 1, 7.—

In partic.

Complete, finished, ample, copious (class.):

orator plenus atque perfectus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 59:

plenior, opp. to jejunior,

id. ib. 3, 4, 16:

oratio plenior,

id. Off. 1, 1, 2:

pleniora scribere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 53.—

Full of, abounding or rich in any thing:

plenum bonarum rerum oppidum,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 38:

quis plenior inimicorum fuit C. Mario?

Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19: pleniore ore laudare, with fuller mouth, i. e. more heartily, id. Off. 1, 18, 61.—Hence, adv.: plēnē.

Lit., full (post-Aug.):

vasa plene infundere,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 139.—

Trop., fully, wholly, completely, thorougnly, largely (class.):

plene cumulateque aliquid perficere,

Cic. Div. 2, 1:

plene perfectae munitiones,

Caes. B. G. 3, 3:

aliquid vitare,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13:

plene sapientes homines,

id. Off. 1, 15:

praestare aliquid,

perfectly, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 14.— Comp.:

plenius facere aliquid,

Ov. P. 2, 11, 20:

alere,

Quint. 2, 2, 8.— Sup.:

quamvis illud plenissime, hoc restrictissime feceris,

Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 13.

prae, adv., and prep. with abl. [for prai, kindred with Sanscr. prefix pra-, before; Gr. pro, prin, prosô; cf.: pro, prior, porro, primus].

Adv., before, in front.

Lit. (ante-class.):

abi prae, Sosia, Jam ego sequar,

go before, go in advance, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 45:

i prae, sequar,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 144; id. Eun. 5, 2, 69: i tu prae, virgo;

non queo, quod pone me est, servare,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 1:

age, age nunc tu, i prae,

id. Pers. 4, 4, 56.—

Trop., as a particle of comparison, with ut, quam, or quod (also written in one word, praeut and praequam; cf. Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. 503), in comparison with, compared with (ante- and post-class. and colloq.):

parum etiam, praeut futurum est praedicas,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 218; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 5:

immo noster nunc quidem est de verbis, prae ut dudum fuit,

id. Men. 5, 5, 33; 2, 3, 25:

nihil hercle quidem hoc, Prae ut alia dicam,

id. Mil. 1, 1, 20; id. Merc. 2, 4, 2:

ludum dices fuisse, praeut hujus rabies quae dabit,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 9:

satin' parva res est voluptatum in vitā atque in aetate agundā, praequam quod molestum'st?

in comparison with the trouble, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 2:

nihil hoc est, triginta minae, prae quam alios dapsilis sumptus facit,

id. Most. 4, 2, 62 Lorenz ad loc.:

jam minoris omnia facio prae quam quibus modis Me ludificatus est,

id. ib. 5, 2, 25:

sed hoc etiam pulcrum'st praequam sumptus ubi petunt,

id. Aul. 3, 5, 33; id. Merc. prol. 23:

quae etsi longioribus verbis comprehensa est praequam illud Graecum, etc.,

Gell. 16, 1, 3:

immo res omnis relictas habeo prae quod tu velis,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 38.—

Prep. with abl. (with acc.:

prae cornua, prae litteras,

Petr. 39, 12; 46, 1), before, in front of, in advance of.

Lit.:

cavendum erit, ut (villa) a tergo potius quam prae se flumen habeat,

before it, Col. 1, 5, 4: limina alia prae aliis erant, App. de Mundo, p. 69, 22.—Esp. freq.: prae se ferre, agere, mittere, to bear, carry, drive, or send before one's self:

ille qui stillantem prae se pugionem tulit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30:

argenti prae se in aerarium tulit quattuordecim milia pondo,

Liv. 28, 38, 5:

prae se ferens Darium puerum,

Suet. Calig. 19:

prae se armentum agens,

Liv. 1, 7, 4:

singulos prae se inermes mittere,

Sall. J. 94, 2: prae manu, and, less freq., prae manibus, at hand, on hand (ante- and postclass.):

patri reddidi omne aurum, quod fuit prae manu,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 9; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 23:

cum prae manu debitor (pecuniam) non haberet,

Dig. 13, 7, 27:

si Caesaris liber prae manibus est, promi jubeas,

Gell. 19, 8, 6:

aes si forte prae manu non fuerit,

App. M. 6, p. 180, 30.—

Trop.

In gen.: prae se ferre, less freq., prae se gerere, declarare, etc., prop. to carry before one's self. as if to show it; hence, to show, exhibit, manifest, reveal, make known, betray, discover, indicate (freq. and class.), Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 4:

fortasse ceteri tectiores: ego semper me didicisse, prae me tuli,

id. Or. 42, 146:

nec vero cum venit, prae se fert, aut qui sit aut unde veniat,

id. Rep. 2, 3, 6:

scelus et facinus prae se ferens et confitens,

id. Mil. 16, 43:

ceteris prae se fert et ostentat,

id. Att. 2, 23, 3:

beata vita glorianda et praedicanda et prae se ferenda est: nihil est enim aliud quod praedicandum et prae se ferendum sit,

id. Tusc. 5, 17, 50: conjecturam prae se gerere. id. Inv. 2, 9, 30:

animum altum et erectum prae se gerebat, Auct. B. Afr. 10: prae se declarant gaudia vultu,

Cat. 64, 34:

prae se maximam speciem ostentare,

App. Flor. p. 342, 10.—

In partic., in comparisons, in comparison with, compared with (mostly in comparisons which imply a contrast of kind; while praeter refers to a contrast of degree only: dives prae ceteris, in contrast with the others, who are poor: dives praeter ceteros, richer than the other rich ones; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 894).

With positive adj. (class.; v. infra):

omnia prae meo commodo,

Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 9: omnium unguentum odor prae tuo nautea est, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 5; id. Men. 1, 2, 67:

Gallis prae magnitudine corporum suorum brevitas nostra contemptui est,

Caes. B. G. 2, 30:

prae divitiis,

Liv. 3, 26:

videbant omnes prae illo parvi futuros,

Nep. Eum. 10, 4; Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

veros illos Atticos prae se paene agrestes putat,

id. Brut. 83, 286:

ab isto prae lucro praedāque nec vectigalium nec posteritatis habitam esse rationem,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 128:

non tu quidem vacuus molestiis, sed prae nobis beatus,

id. Fam. 4, 4, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 4:

(stultitia) prae ceteris parit immensas cupiditates,

Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34.—

So with comp. for quam (ante- and post-class.):

atque me minoris facio prae illo,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 85:

id prae illo, quod honestum nobis est, fit plenius,

Gell. 1, 3, 25; Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 2; Hier. in Psa. 44, 3; Aug. c. Acad. 1, 22.—

In giving the cause, which, as it were, goes before, for, because of, by reason of, on account of (class. only of a hinderance; with an express or implied negation; or with vix, v. Zumpt, § 310): Ulixi cor frixit prae pavore, Liv. Andron. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 92:

prae laetitiā lacrumae praesiliunt mihi,

Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 13:

prae lassitudine opus est ut lavem,

id. Truc. 2, 3, 7; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 71:

prae gaudio ubi sim nescio,

id. ib. 2, 3, 67:

vivere non quit Prae macie,

Lucr. 4, 1167:

nec loqui prae maerore potuit,

Cic. Planc. 41, 99:

quorum ille nomen prae metu ferre non poterat,

id. Phil. 13, 9, 20:

solem prae jaculorum multitudine non videbitis,

id. Tusc. 1, 42, 101:

prae irā,

Liv. 31, 24 fin.:

vix sibimet ipsi prae nec opinato gaudio credentes,

id. 39, 49.—In composition, prae usually denotes,

Before: praedico, praebibo, praecaveo, etc.; so too, praeceps, headforemost, headlong. —In time: praecanus, gray before one's time. —

Enhancing the main idea, qs. in advance of others: praealtus, extremely high: praeclarus, very celebrated; praevalidus, very strong, etc.

prīvo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [privus].

To bereave, deprive, rob, strip of any thing (class.; cf.: orbo, viduo).

With abl.:

haec meretrix meum erum... privavit bonis, luce, honore,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 20:

donis privatus sum,

id. ib. 2, 7, 56:

aliquem approbatione,

Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 61:

praepositio in privat verbum eā vi, quam haberet, si in praepositum non fuisset,

id. Top. 11, 48:

aliquem somno,

id. Att. 9, 10, 1:

se oculis,

id. Fin. 5, 29, 87:

aliquem vitā,

id. Phil. 9, 4, 8:

aliquem communi luce,

id. Quint. 23, 74:

patriam aspectu suo,

id. Fam. 4, 9, 3:

cibo,

Lucr. 1, 1038:

lumine,

Ov. P. 1, 1, 53:

fide,

Stat. Th. 2, 695.—

With gen. (anteclass.): me cum privares tui, Afran. ap. Non. 498, 17 (Com. Rel. p. 156 Rib.).—

With acc. (ante-class.): quod res vis hunc privari pulcras quas uti solet? Nov. ap. Non. 500, 16 (l. l. p. 224 Rib.).—

To free, release, deliver from any thing; with abl.:

aliquem injuriā,

Cic. Agr. 1, 4, 13:

exsilio,

id. Att. 1, 16, 9:

molestiā,

id. ib. 12, 26, 2:

dolore,

id. Fin. 1, 11, 37:

dolore,

Lucr. 1, 60:

dominis superbis,

id. 2, 1091:

formidine,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 77.—Hence,

prīvantĭa, ĭum, n., privatives, a transl. of the Gr. sterêtika: sunt enim alia contraria, quae privantia licet appellemus Latine, Graece appellantur sterêtika, Cic. Top. 11, 48.—

prīvātus, a, um, P. a.

Apart from the State, peculiar to one's self, of or belonging to an individual, private (opp. publicus or communis; cf. domesticus;

class.): nihil privati ac separati agri,

Caes. B. G. 4, 1:

utatur privatis ut suis,

Cic. Off. 1, 7, 20:

privatus illis census erat brevis, Commune magnum,

Hor. C. 2, 15, 13:

vestem mutare privato consensu, opp. publico consilio,

Cic. Sest. 12, 27:

de communi quicquid poterat, ad se in privatam domum sevocabat,

id. Quint. 3, 13:

res quae ipsius erant privatae,

private property, id. ib. 4, 15:

privatae feriae vocantur sacrorum propriorum, velut dies natales,

Fest. p. 242 Müll.—

Esp., of persons, not in public or official life, private, deprived of office:

cum projectis fascibus et deposito imperio, privatus et captus ipse in alienam venisset potestatem,

Caes. B. C. 2, 32; Liv. 3, 41: vir privatus, a private individual, one who is not a magistrate, or in any public office:

privato viro imperium extra ordinem dare,

Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 25:

Bibulus ex iis, qui privati sunt,

id. Fam. 1, 1, 3:

privatus an cum potestate,

id. Inv. 1, 25, 35:

privati, opp. reges,

id. Div. 1, 40, 89.—

Of things:

aedificia,

isolated, apart from the villages, Caes. B. G. 1, 5:

vita privata et quieta,

a private life, withdrawn from State affairs, Cic. Sen. 7, 22.—

Neutr. absol. in the phrases in privato, in private, opp. in publico, in public, Liv. 39, 18: in privatum, for private use:

tabernas vendidit in privatum,

id. 40, 51: ex privato, from one's private property:

tributum ex privato conferre,

id. 30, 44.—

Subst.: prīvātus, i, m. (sc. homo), a man in private life, citizen (opp. magistratus):

hic qualis imperator nunc privatus est,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 63: an vero P. Scipio pontifex maximus Ti. Gracchum privatus interfecit;

Catilinam nos consules perferemus?

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 3.— Plur., Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 43:

consilium dedimus Sullae, privatus ut altum Dormiret,

Juv. 1, 16.—

In the time of the emperors, private, i. e. not imperial, not belonging to the emperor or to the imperial family:

id sibi (Domitiano) maxime formidolosum, privati hominis (i. e. Agricolae) nomen supra principis attolli,

Tac. Agr. 39:

ut summum fastigium privati hominis impleret, cum principis noluisset,

Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 2:

spectacula,

not given by the emperor, Suet. Ner. 21.— Adv.: prīvā-tō, at home (very rare for the class. privatim, q. v.): privato nos tenuissemus, Liv. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1009 P.

prō̆prĭus, a, um, adj. [etym. dub.; perhaps from root prae; cf. prope], not common with others, one's own, special, particular, proper (class.; cf.: peculiaris, privatus).

In gen., opp. communis: nam virtutem propriam mortalibus fecit: cetera promiscue voluit communia habere, Varr. ap. Non. 361, 25:

proprium et peculiare,

Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 93:

tria praedia Capitoni propria traduntur,

to him for his own, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 21:

proprio sumptu edere ludos,

Tac. A. 1, 15:

propriā pecuniā militem juvare,

id. ib. 1, 71:

basilicam propriā pecuniā firmare,

id. ib. 3, 72 init.; id. H. 2, 84:

propria impensa,

Just. 12, 11, 1:

propriis viribus,

Liv. 2, 53:

familia,

id. 7, 9:

libri, Hor S. 1, 10, 64: horreum,

id. C. 1, 1, 9:

proprio Marte,

by his own bravery, Ov. P. 4, 7, 14.—With pron. poss. (class. and freq.):

ut cum ademerit nobis omnia, quae nostra erant propria, ne lucem quoque hanc, quae communis est, eripere cupiat,

all that belonged peculiarly to us, Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 150:

suā quādam propriā, non communi oratorum facultate,

id. de Or. 1, 10, 44: ut redeas ad consuetudinem vel nostram communem vel tuam solius et propriam, Luc. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 3:

omnia qui jubet esse communia, ne quis civis propriam aut suam rem ullam queat dicere,

Cic. Rep 4, 5, 5; id. ap. Non. p. 362:

suis propriis periculis parere commune reliquis otium,

id. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

quod (periculum) autem meum erat proprium,

id. Fam. 2, 17, 7; id. Sest. 7, 15;

calamitatem aut propriam suam aut temporum queri,

Caes. B. C. 3, 20.—

Opp. alienus, etc., one's own, peculiar, special, characteristic, personal:

tempus agendi fuit mihi magis proprium quam ceteris,

Cic. Sull. 3, 9:

reliquae partes quales propriae sunt hominis,

id. Fin. 5, 12, 35:

id non proprium senectutis est vitium, sed commune valetudinis,

id. Sen. 11, 35:

libertatem propriam Romani generis,

id. Phil. 3, 11, 29:

proprium id Tiberio fuit,

Tac. A. 4, 19:

ira,

personal resentment, id. ib. 2, 55.—As subst.: prō̆prĭum, i, n.

Lit., a possession, property:

id est cujusque proprium, quo quisque fruitur atque utitur,

Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 2:

vivere de proprio,

Mart. 12, 78, 2.—

Trop., a characteristic mark, a sign, characteristic, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2; 2, 5, 17; Caes. B. G. 6, 23.—

In partic., peculiar, extraordinary: nisi mihi fortuna proprium consilium extorsisset, Sent. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 35, 1:

superbo decreto addidit propriam ignominiam,

Liv. 35, 33.—

Lasting, constant, permanent, perpetual (class.):

illum amatorem tibi proprium futurum in vitā,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 67; Att. ap. Non. 362, 5:

nihil in vitā proprium mortali datum esse,

Lucil. ib. 362, 15:

alicui proprium atque perpetuum,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 48:

perenne ac proprium manere,

id. Red. in Sen. 4, 9:

parva munera diutina, locupletia non propria esse consueverunt,

Nep. Thras. 4, 2; Hor. S. 2, 6, 5; cf. id. Ep. 2, 2, 172:

deferens uni propriam laurum,

id. C. 2, 2, 22; Verg. A. 6, 871:

victoriam propriam se eis daturam,

lasting, Hirt. B. Afr. 32.— Comp., Ov. M. 12, 284; id. P. 1, 2, 152; Liv. 4, 27, 3. —Hence, adv.: proprĭē.

Specially, peculiarly, properly, strictly for one's self (opp. communiter;

class.): quod me amas, est tibi commune cum multis: quod tu ipse tam amandus es, id est proprie tuum,

Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 1:

promiscue toto (Campo Martio), quam proprie parvā parte frui malletis,

for yourselves, individually, separately, id. Agr. 2, 31, 85.—

In partic.

Particularly, in particular:

neque publice neque proprie,

Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—

Especially, eminently, exclusively:

mira sermonis, cujus proprie studiosus fuit, elegantia,

Quint. 10, 1, 114; cf. Vell. 2, 9, 2.—

Properly, accurately, strictly speaking, in the proper (not tropical) sense:

magis proprie nihil possum dicere,

Cic. Phil. 2, 31, 77:

illud quidem honestum, quod proprie vereque dicitur,

id. Off. 3, 3, 13; Liv. 34, 32; 44, 22:

uti verbo proprie,

Gell. 9, 1, 8; 2, 6, 5; 7, 11, 2; 16, 5, 1.

prō̆prĭus, a, um, adj. [etym. dub.; perhaps from root prae; cf. prope], not common with others, one's own, special, particular, proper (class.; cf.: peculiaris, privatus).

In gen., opp. communis: nam virtutem propriam mortalibus fecit: cetera promiscue voluit communia habere, Varr. ap. Non. 361, 25:

proprium et peculiare,

Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 93:

tria praedia Capitoni propria traduntur,

to him for his own, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 21:

proprio sumptu edere ludos,

Tac. A. 1, 15:

propriā pecuniā militem juvare,

id. ib. 1, 71:

basilicam propriā pecuniā firmare,

id. ib. 3, 72 init.; id. H. 2, 84:

propria impensa,

Just. 12, 11, 1:

propriis viribus,

Liv. 2, 53:

familia,

id. 7, 9:

libri, Hor S. 1, 10, 64: horreum,

id. C. 1, 1, 9:

proprio Marte,

by his own bravery, Ov. P. 4, 7, 14.—With pron. poss. (class. and freq.):

ut cum ademerit nobis omnia, quae nostra erant propria, ne lucem quoque hanc, quae communis est, eripere cupiat,

all that belonged peculiarly to us, Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 150:

suā quādam propriā, non communi oratorum facultate,

id. de Or. 1, 10, 44: ut redeas ad consuetudinem vel nostram communem vel tuam solius et propriam, Luc. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 3:

omnia qui jubet esse communia, ne quis civis propriam aut suam rem ullam queat dicere,

Cic. Rep 4, 5, 5; id. ap. Non. p. 362:

suis propriis periculis parere commune reliquis otium,

id. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

quod (periculum) autem meum erat proprium,

id. Fam. 2, 17, 7; id. Sest. 7, 15;

calamitatem aut propriam suam aut temporum queri,

Caes. B. C. 3, 20.—

Opp. alienus, etc., one's own, peculiar, special, characteristic, personal:

tempus agendi fuit mihi magis proprium quam ceteris,

Cic. Sull. 3, 9:

reliquae partes quales propriae sunt hominis,

id. Fin. 5, 12, 35:

id non proprium senectutis est vitium, sed commune valetudinis,

id. Sen. 11, 35:

libertatem propriam Romani generis,

id. Phil. 3, 11, 29:

proprium id Tiberio fuit,

Tac. A. 4, 19:

ira,

personal resentment, id. ib. 2, 55.—As subst.: prō̆prĭum, i, n.

Lit., a possession, property:

id est cujusque proprium, quo quisque fruitur atque utitur,

Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 2:

vivere de proprio,

Mart. 12, 78, 2.—

Trop., a characteristic mark, a sign, characteristic, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2; 2, 5, 17; Caes. B. G. 6, 23.—

In partic., peculiar, extraordinary: nisi mihi fortuna proprium consilium extorsisset, Sent. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 35, 1:

superbo decreto addidit propriam ignominiam,

Liv. 35, 33.—

Lasting, constant, permanent, perpetual (class.):

illum amatorem tibi proprium futurum in vitā,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 67; Att. ap. Non. 362, 5:

nihil in vitā proprium mortali datum esse,

Lucil. ib. 362, 15:

alicui proprium atque perpetuum,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 48:

perenne ac proprium manere,

id. Red. in Sen. 4, 9:

parva munera diutina, locupletia non propria esse consueverunt,

Nep. Thras. 4, 2; Hor. S. 2, 6, 5; cf. id. Ep. 2, 2, 172:

deferens uni propriam laurum,

id. C. 2, 2, 22; Verg. A. 6, 871:

victoriam propriam se eis daturam,

lasting, Hirt. B. Afr. 32.— Comp., Ov. M. 12, 284; id. P. 1, 2, 152; Liv. 4, 27, 3. —Hence, adv.: proprĭē.

Specially, peculiarly, properly, strictly for one's self (opp. communiter;

class.): quod me amas, est tibi commune cum multis: quod tu ipse tam amandus es, id est proprie tuum,

Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 1:

promiscue toto (Campo Martio), quam proprie parvā parte frui malletis,

for yourselves, individually, separately, id. Agr. 2, 31, 85.—

In partic.

Particularly, in particular:

neque publice neque proprie,

Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—

Especially, eminently, exclusively:

mira sermonis, cujus proprie studiosus fuit, elegantia,

Quint. 10, 1, 114; cf. Vell. 2, 9, 2.—

Properly, accurately, strictly speaking, in the proper (not tropical) sense:

magis proprie nihil possum dicere,

Cic. Phil. 2, 31, 77:

illud quidem honestum, quod proprie vereque dicitur,

id. Off. 3, 3, 13; Liv. 34, 32; 44, 22:

uti verbo proprie,

Gell. 9, 1, 8; 2, 6, 5; 7, 11, 2; 16, 5, 1.

rĕgo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. arg-, argami, to obtain; Gr. oregô reach after; cf. [p. 1552] Sanscr. rāgan; Goth. reiks, king; Germ. Reich and Recht], to keep straight or from going wrong, to lead straight; to guide, conduct, direct (freq. and class.; syn.: guberno, moderor).

Lit.:

deus est, qui regit et moderatur et movet id corpus, cui praepositus est,

Cic. Rep. 6, 24, 26:

manus una (navem) regit,

Lucr. 4, 903:

onera navium velis,

Caes. B. G. 3, 13:

arte ratem,

Ov. Tr. 1, 4, 12; cf.

clavum,

Verg. A. 10, 218:

te ventorum regat pater,

Hor. C. 1, 3, 3:

vela,

Prop. 2, 28 (3, 24), 24:

coërcet et regit beluam,

Cic. Rep. 2, 40, 67:

equum,

Liv. 35, 11:

equos,

Ov. A. A. 3, 556; id. Ib. 474; cf.

quadrupedes,

id. M. 2, 86:

spumantia ora (equi),

id. ib. 8, 34:

frena,

id. P. 4, 12, 24:

equi impotentes regendi,

Liv. 35, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 28; Curt. 4, 15, 28:

currus,

Ov. A. A. 1, 4; Curt. 8, 14, 7: taurus ex grege, quem prope litora regebat, Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 715 P.; Quint. 1, 1, 27:

rege tela per auras,

Verg. A. 9, 409:

tela per viscera Caesaris,

Luc. 7, 350; cf.:

missum jaculum,

Ov. M. 7, 684:

sagittas nusquam,

Luc. 7, 515:

regens tenui vestigia filo,

Cat. 64, 113; cf.:

Daedalium iter lino duce,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 8:

caeca filo vestigia,

Verg. A. 6, 30:

diverso flamina tractu,

Ov. M. 1, 59:

gressus,

Vulg. Judic. 16, 26.—

In partic., jurid. t. t.:

regere fines,

to draw the boundaries, mark out the limits, Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55; id. Top. 10, 43; id. Mur. 9, 22; Tib. 1, 3, 44; cf. Dig. 10, 1, and Cod. Just. 3, 39 tit. Finium regundorum.—

Trop., to guide, lead, conduct, manage, direct.

In gen.:

Deus qui omnem hunc mundum regit,

Cic. Rep. 6, 13, 13:

domum,

id. ib. 1, 39, 61:

rem consilio,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 13:

belli fera munera Mavors regit,

Lucr. 1, 33; cf.

bella,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17; Sil. 7, 47:

omnia nostra ita gerito, regito, gubernato, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 16, 2, 2:

alicujus animum atque ingenium,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 90; cf.:

animi motus (with moderari cupiditates),

Cic. Part. Or. 22, 76:

mores,

Ov. M. 15, 834:

animos dictis,

Verg. A. 1, 153:

animum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

ut me ipse regam,

id. ib. 1, 1, 27:

consilia senatus,

Quint. 12, 1, 26:

valetudines principis,

Tac. A. 6, 50; cf.:

valetudinem arbitratu suo,

Suet. Tib. 68 al.:

neque regerentur magis quam regerent casus,

Sall. J. 1, 5; cf.:

jam regi leges, non regere,

Liv. 10, 13:

utroque vorsum rectum est ingenium meum,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 6:

vellem suscepisses juvenem regendum,

Cic. Att. 10, 6, 2; cf. Suet. Tib. 50; id. Claud. 9:

Silvanum specie obsequii regebat,

Tac. H. 3, 50:

nemo regere potest, nisi qui et regi,

Sen. Ira, 2, 15 fin.; Quint. 12, 10, 69.—

Transf.

To sway, control, rule, govern, have the supremacy over any thing:

quare qui convenit polliceri operam suam rei publicae, cum rem publicam regere nesciant?

Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 11; so,

rem publicam,

id. ib. 1, 26, 41;

1, 27, 43: in iis civitatibus quae ab optimis reguntur,

id. ib. 1, 34 fin.;

2, 9, 15: illa civitas optimatium arbitrio regi dicitur,

id. ib. 1, 26, 42; cf.:

Massilienses per delectos et principes cives summā justitiā reguntur,

id. ib. 1, 27, 43:

Frisios,

Tac. A. 4, 72:

populos imperio,

Verg. A. 6, 851:

imperiis Italiam,

id. ib. 4, 230:

legiones,

Tac. A. 15, 7; cf.

cohortes,

id. H. 4, 12:

exercitum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 13, 2; id. Pan. 9, 2:

domum,

Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 4:

diva, quae regis Antium,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 1:

Diana, quae silentium regis,

id. Epod. 5, 51.— Transf., of abstract objects:

animi partes consilio,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

ut unius potestate regatur salus et aequabilitas et otium civium,

id. ib. 2, 23, 43:

rex ille (Tarquinius) neque suos mores regere poterat neque suorum libidines,

id. ib. 2, 25, 46.— Absol.:

Tiberio regente,

Tac. A. 4, 33; 13, 3:

stare rempublicam nisi uno regente non posse,

Quint. 3, 8, 47:

quo regente,

Verg. Cul. 333; Just. 1, 9, 23:

Clemens ambitioso imperio regebat,

i. e. used his authority to court popular favor, Tac. H. 2, 12.—

To guide into the right way one who has erred; to set right, correct: non multa peccas, sed si peccas, te regere possum, old poet ap. Cic. Mur. 29, 60 (with corrigere and inflectere):

errantem regere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 57:

rogo, domine, consilio me regas, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 10, 19 (30), 1; cf.: alicujus dubitationem, id. ib 10, 118 (119), 3.— Hence,

P. a. as subst.: rĕgens, entis, m., a governor, prince, ruler, regent:

contemptus regentium,

Tac. A. 12, 54:

in obsequium regentis,

id. Or. 41: clementia regentis, Sen. Clem. 1, 22, 3:

vita regentis,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 301:

excogitare nemo quicquam poterit, quod magis decorum regenti sit quam clementia,

Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 1; id. Ep. 59, 7:

in vulgus manant exempla regentum (= -tium),

Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 168.—

rectus, a, um, P. a., led straight along, drawn in a straight line (horizontal or vertical), straight, upright, orthos.

Lit., of horizontal direction:

pars Remorum recta est (opp. refracta),

Lucr. 4, 439:

sed nil omnino rectā regione viaï declinare,

id. 2, 249 Munro:

rectā regione iter instituere,

Liv. 21, 31:

India, rectā regione spatiosa,

Curt. 8, 9, 2; cf. id. 7, 9, 2:

ad nostras aedes hic quidem habet rectam viam,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 26:

via,

id. Cas. 5, 2, 7; id. Poen. 3, 3, 79; id. Ps. 4, 7, 37; Ter. And. 3, 4, 21; id. Phorm. 2, 1, 80; Mart. 8, 75, 2; cf.

platea,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 58; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 35; 43:

porta,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 60:

ostium,

id. Mil. 2, 3, 58:

ostia viarum (opp. iter flexum),

Lucr. 4, 93:

cursus hinc in Africam,

Liv. 26, 43:

saxa quae rectis lineis suos ordines servant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23 fin.:

recto flumine,

Verg. A. 8, 57:

recto ad Iberum itinere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 69; Liv. 22, 9:

ne qua forent pedibus vestigia rectis,

Verg. A. 8, 209:

recto grassetur limite miles,

Ov. Tr. 2, 477:

velut rectae acies concurrissent,

in a straight line, line of battle, Liv. 34, 28; so,

acies,

id. 35, 28:

qui (quincunx), in quamcumque partem spectaveris, rectus est,

Quint. 8, 3, 9:

hic vos aliud nihil orat, nisi ut rectis oculis hanc urbem sibi intueri liceat,

Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 48:

adversus adparatus terribilium rectos oculos tenet,

Sen. Const. 5, 5:

rectis oculis gladios micantes videre,

id. Ep. 76, 33; 104, 24:

oculi,

Suet. Aug. 16; cf.

acies,

Ov. M. 2, 776:

lumen,

Luc. 9, 638:

vultus,

Stat. Th. 10, 542.—Of vertical direction:

ut hae (partes) rursum rectis lineis in caelestem locum subvolent,

in perpendicular lines, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

saxa,

perpendicular, steep, Liv. 21, 36 (just before: pleraque Alpium arrectiora sunt); cf.:

rectae prope rupes,

id. 38, 20:

truncus,

Ov. M. 7, 640:

ita jacere talum, ut rectus assistat: qui ita talus erit jactus ut cadet rectus,

Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 53:

caput rectum et secundum naturam (opp. dejectum, supinum), in latus inclinatum,

Quint. 11, 3, 69:

homines,

straight, erect, Cat. 10, 20; so,

Quintia,

id. 86, 1:

puella,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 123:

senectus,

Juv. 3, 26:

iterque Non agit in rectum, sed in orbem curvat eundem,

does not shape his course directly forward, Ov. M. 2, 715:

vidit ut hostiles in rectum exire cohortes,

Luc. 7, 327. — Comp.:

crus Rectius,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 82:

rectior coma,

smoother, straighter, Sen. Ep. 95, 24:

longā trabe rectior exstet,

Ov. M. 3, 78:

crura,

Pall. 7, 7. — Sup.:

rectissima linea,

Quint. 3, 6, 83:

via,

id. 12, 2, 27. —

Trop.

In gen., right, correct, proper, appropriate, befitting; opp. to what is false or improper: vobis mentes rectae quae stare solebant, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 16 (Ann. v. 208 Vahl.):

ut rectā viā rem narret ordine omnem,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28 (just before: aperte, ita ut res sese habet, narrato); cf. id. And. 2, 6, 11: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam: Ea res est, you ' re on the right way, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 39: in rectam redire semitam, cf. id. Cas. 2, 3, 33:

rectā viā depelli,

Quint. 2, 7, 29; 10, 1, 29; cf. Sen. Ep. 94, 54; Quint. 2, 6, 2;

so post-class.: de viā rectā declinare,

Gell. 1, 3, 15: a rectā viā avertere, Aug. Civ Dei, 12, 17, 2: ad rectum iter retrahere, Hier. in Osee, 2, 8 sq.; id. in Mich. 3, 5:

recta consilia dare,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:

quae sint in artibus recta ac prava dijudicare,

Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 195; cf.:

quae sunt recta et simplicia laudantur,

id. Off. 1, 36, 130; Quint. 9, 3, 3:

sermo rectus et secundum naturam enunciatus,

id. 2, 5, 11; cf.:

(oratio) recta an ordine permutato,

id. 1, 13, 5; 9, 4, 27:

per Marathonis propugnatores recto sono juravit (opp. flexus vocis),

id. 11, 3, 168 Spald.; cf. id. 11, 3, 64:

recto ac justo proelio dimicare,

Liv. 35, 4 fin.:

rectarum cenarum consuetudo,

a regular, formal supper, Suet. Dom. 7; so,

cena,

Mart. 2, 69, 7; 7, 20, 2; also absol.:

recta,

Suet. Aug. 74; Mart. 8, 50, 10:

domus recta est (with contenta decore simplici),

Sen. Ep. 100, 6:

nominibus rectis expendere nummos,

i. e. on good securities, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 105: ut natura dedit, sic omnis recta figura, correct, beautiful, Prop. 2, 18, 25 (3, 11, 3):

absque te esset, ego illum haberem rectum ad ingenium bonum,

suitable, qualified, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8.— Subst.: rectum, i, n.:

rectum est etiam in illis contentionibus gravitatem retinere,

Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

quid verum, quid falsum, quid rectum in oratione pravumve,

id. Ac. 1, 5, 19:

aliter, quam est rectum verumque dicere,

Quint. 6, 3, 89:

cum sit rectum, Nocere facile est, etc.,

id. 8, 5, 6;

so (opp. durum et incomptum),

id. 8, 6, 65; (opp. vitiosum) id. 1, 5, 29:

mutare aliquid a recto,

id. 2, 13, 11:

recta et vera loquere,

i. e. sincerely, openly, Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7:

qui haec recta tantum et in nullos flexus recedentia copiose tractaverit,

Quint. 10, 5, 12:

ea plerumque recta sunt,

id. 9, 2, 5; cf. id. 9, 2, 45.— Comp.:

rectior divisio,

Quint. 7, 2, 39:

si quid novisti rectius istis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 67; Cic. Rep. 1, 40, 62.— Sup.:

rectissima ratio,

Quint. 2, 13, 3.—

In partic.

Morally right, correct, lawful, just, virtuous, noble, good (opp. pravus); as subst.: rectum, i, n., that which is right, good, virtuous; uprightness, rectitude, virtue (very freq.):

honesta res dividitur in rectum et laudabile. Rectum est, quod cum virtute et officio fit,

Auct. Her. 3, 2, 3: illud rectum, quod katorthôma dicebat, Cic. Fin. 4, 6, 15:

nec quicquam nisi honestum et rectum ab altero postulare,

id. Lael. 22, 82;

so with honestum,

id. ib. 21, 76; id. Fin. 1, 7, 25; id. Off. 1, 24, 82; id. Fam. 5, 19, 1 al.:

(opp. pravum) neque id Putabit, pravum an rectum siet, quod petet,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 76; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 6; Cic. Ac. 2, 11, 33; id. Or. 14, 45; id. Lig. 9, 30; Quint. 1, 3, 12; 2, 4, 20 et saep.; cf.:

recta consilia (opp. prava),

Liv. 1, 27:

in rectis (opp. in pravitatibus),

Cic. Leg. 1, 11, 31:

curvo dignoscere rectum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 44:

mens sibi conscia recti,

Verg. A. 1, 604:

fidem rectumque colebat,

Ov. M. 1, 90:

recta ingenia (opp. perversa),

Plin. Ep. 4, 7, 3 et saep.:

in omni vitā suā quemque a rectā conscientiā traversum unguem non oportet discedere,

Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4:

animus secundis Temporibus dubiisque rectus,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:

natura,

id. S. 1, 6, 66:

ex consularibus, unus L. Caesar firmus est et rectus,

Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2:

judex,

Quint. 4, 1, 13; cf.

auditor,

Plin. Ep. 2, 19, 6:

vir rectus et sanctus,

id. ib. 2, 11, 5; cf. id. ib. 7, 31, 1:

beatus judicii rectus,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 2.— Rectum est, with subjective-clause:

rectum est gravitatem retinere,

Cic. Off. 1, 38 fin.; so id. ib. 3, 11, 47; id. Mur. 2, 3; id. Att. 6, 9, 4.—

In gram.: rectus casus, the nominative case (because not inflected;

opp. obliqui casus),

Varr. L. L. 1 sq.; Quint. 1, 4, 13; 1, 5, 61; Gell. 13, 12, 4 et saep.—Hence the adverbs,

rectā,

rectō,

rectē.

rectā (sc. viā). straightway, straightforwards, right on, directly (freq. and class.):

hic ad me rectā habet rectam viam,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 11; id. Ps. 4, 7, 37:

jam ad regem rectā me ducam,

id. Am. 4, 3, 8; 5, 1, 63; id. Capt. 3, 5, 93; id. Cas. prol. 43; id. Mil. 2, 5, 50; id. Merc. 5, 2, 92; id. Ps. 4, 2, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 13; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 7:

tu rus hinc ibis?... rectā,

id. Ad. 3, 3, 79; id. Hec. 3, 3, 12; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 62; 5, 6, 19:

Marius ab subselliis in rostra rectā,

Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80; id. Att. 5, 14, 2; 6, 8, 1; 16, 10, 1; id. Fam. 9, 19, 1; id. Verr. 2, 5, 61, § 160; id. Cat. 1, 9, 23; Auct. Her. 4, 50, 63; Auct. B. Afr. 18; 40; Auct. B. Hisp. 3; Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 al.: tendimus hinc rectā Beneventum. Hor. S. 1, 5, 71. —

rectō, straightforwards, directly (perh. only in the two foll. passages):

appellationes, quae recto ad principem factae sunt,

Dig. 49, 1, 21; Inscr. Grut. 611, 13.—

rectē.

Lit., in a straight line (horizontal or perpendicular), straightly, perpendicularly, uprightly, orthôs (very rare):

vitem bene enodatam deligato recte, flexuosa uti ne siet,

Cato, R. R. 33, 4:

sive aliae (atomi) declinabunt, aliae suo nutu recte ferentur... quae (atomi) recte, quae oblique ferantur,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 20:

satyri, cum quadrupedes, tum recte currentes, humanā effigie,

Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 24.—

Trop., rightly, correctly, properly, duly, suitably, well, advantageously, accurately (very freq. in all periods and styles):

recta et vera loquere, sed neque vere neque recte adhuc Fecisti umquam,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7; cf. Cic. Lael. 2, 8:

fecisti edepol et recte et bene,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 20: si facias recte [p. 1553] aut commode, id. Cas. 2, 3, 42;

so with commode,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 100:

recte et sapienter facit,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 133; cf. id. ib. 3, 4, 12:

recte atque ordine factum,

Cic. Quint. 7, 28:

recte atque ordine facere,

id. Phil. 3, 15, 38; Sall. C. 51, 4; Liv. 24, 31; 28, 39; 30, 17 et saep.;

v. Brisson. Form. II. p. 197: recte ac merito miseriā commoveri,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 172:

recte atque in loco constare,

id. Mur. 12, 26:

recte factum,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 52:

seu recte seu pervorse facta sunt,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 146:

seu recte seu perperam facere,

Cic. Quint. 8, 31; so (opp. perperam) Sall. J. 31, 27; Liv. 29, 17:

recte dictum (opp. absurde),

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 4:

recte concludere (opp. vitiose),

Cic. Ac. 2, 30, 98:

recte factum (opp. turpiter),

Caes. B. G. 7, 80 et saep.:

recte rationem tenes,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 47:

hercle quin tu recte dicis,

id. Men. 2, 3, 74; id. Merc. 2, 3, 77; 5, 4, 47: recte auguraris de me, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, 1:

non recte judicas de Catone,

Cic. Lael. 2, 9; cf.:

rectissime quidem judicas,

id. Rep. 3, 32, 44:

tum demum sciam Recta monuisse, si tu recte caveris,

Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 71 sq.:

monere,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 96; id. Ps. 4, 4, 12; id. Pers. 4, 4, 53; id. Rud. 3, 5, 49; cf.:

admonere recte,

id. Men. 5, 9, 33:

suis amicis recte res suas narrare,

properly, openly, id. Poen. 5, 6, 2:

hic (Epicurus) circumitione quādam deos tollens recte non dubitat divinationem tollere,

consistently, logically, Cic. Div. 2, 17, 40:

aliquem asservare recte, ne aufugiat,

duly, carefully, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 11:

alicui recte dare epistulam,

correctly, id. Ps. 4, 2, 33:

cum fuit cui recte ad te litteras darem,

safely, Cic. Att. 4, 1, 1; id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; so,

sed habebat ducem Gabinium, quicum quidvis rectissime facere posset,

id. Phil. 2, 19, 49; cf.:

alicui suam salutem recte committere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 6 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 74:

si recte ambulaverit is, qui hanc epistulam tulit,

goes as he ought, Cic. Att. 9, 4, 3: tabernaculum recte captum, i. e. in the prescribed manner (opp. vitio captum), id. Div. 2, 35, 75; Liv. 4, 7; cf.:

ludi recte facti,

id. 36, 2:

ver sacrum non esse recte factum,

id. 34, 44: procedere recte, well, rightly, Enn. ap. Acron. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 454 Vahl.): Pi. Recte valet? Ch. Vivit recte et valet, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 11, and 14:

valere,

id. Merc. 2, 3, 53:

apud matrem recte est,

i. e. she is quite well, Cic. Att. 1, 7 init.; so,

recte esse,

id. ib. 14, 16, 4 (with belle); Hor. S. 2, 3, 162 Orell.; cf.: Tullia nostra recte valet... Praeterea rectissime sunt apud te omnia, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1:

recte sit oculis tuis,

Gell. 13, 30, 11:

olivetum recte putare,

properly, advantageously, Cato, R. R. 44:

solet illa recte sub manus succedere,

well, Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 2:

recte cavere,

to look out well, take good care, id. Bacch. 3, 6, 15; id. Ep. 2, 2, 107; id. Most. 3, 3, 23; id. Men. 2, 2, 72; cf.: recte sibi videre, to look out well for one ' s self, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 12 Ruhnk.:

deos volo consilia vostra recte vortere,

well, happily, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 31; so,

vortere,

id. Aul. 2, 2, 41: recte vendere, well, i. e. dearly, at a high price (opp. male), Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227:

alicui nec recte dicere, i. e. male, injuriose,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 11; id. Most. 1, 3, 83; id. Poen. 3, 1, 13; cf.:

nec recte loqui alicui,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 83:

nec recte dicere in aliquem,

id. As. 1, 3, 3;

and simply nec recte dicere,

id. Ps. 4, 6, 23.— Comp.:

ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 46:

hic tibi erit rectius,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 31:

rectius bella gerere,

Liv. 3, 2 fin.:

non possidentem multa vocaveris Recte beatum, rectius occupet Nomen beati, qui, etc.,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 46.— Sup., Cic. Rep. 3, 32, 44; v. supra. —

With adjj., right, well, properly, very, much, to strengthen the idea (ante-class.): illasce oves, quā de re agitur, sanas recte esse, uti pecus ovillum, quod recte sanum est, etc., an ancient formula in Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6:

locus recte ferax,

Cato, R. R. 44:

salvus sum recte,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 34:

morata recte,

id. Aul. 2, 2, 62:

oneratus recte,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 115:

non recte vinctus est,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 52.—

Ellipt., esp. in answers, in colloquial lang., well, quite well, right, excellently: Thr. Primum aedis expugnabo. Gn. Recte. Thr. Virginem eripiam. Gn. Probe. Thr. Male mulcabo ipsam. Gn. Pulchre, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 3: quid vos? quo pacto hic? satin recte? (sc. est, agitur, valetis, etc.), quite well? id. And. 4, 5, 9; cf.: Le. Satin' salve? dic mihi. Ca. Recte, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 54; and: De. Quid fit? quid agitur? Sy. Recte. De. Optime'st, Ter. Ad. 5, 5, 3; Quint. 6, 3, 84.—

So, in colloquial lang., freq. like benigne and the Gr. kalôs, or kallista echei, as a courteously evasive answer, all ' s well, it ' s all right, there ' s nothing the matter; or, in politely declining an offer, nothing is wanting, no I thank you: De. Unde incedis? quid festinas, gnate mi? Ch. Recte pater, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 33; cf.: So. Quid es tam tristis? Pa. Recte mater, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 20; and: Ch. Quid tu istic? Syr. Recte equidem, id. Heaut. 3, 2, 7: Mi. Quid est? Aes. Nihil, recte, perge, id. Ad. 4, 5, 19:

rogo numquid velit? Recte inquit,

i. e. no, nothing, id. Eun. 2, 3, 51; so,

in an exclamation: clamabit, pulchre! bene! recte!

Hor. A. P. 4, 28.

rĕgo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. arg-, argami, to obtain; Gr. oregô reach after; cf. [p. 1552] Sanscr. rāgan; Goth. reiks, king; Germ. Reich and Recht], to keep straight or from going wrong, to lead straight; to guide, conduct, direct (freq. and class.; syn.: guberno, moderor).

Lit.:

deus est, qui regit et moderatur et movet id corpus, cui praepositus est,

Cic. Rep. 6, 24, 26:

manus una (navem) regit,

Lucr. 4, 903:

onera navium velis,

Caes. B. G. 3, 13:

arte ratem,

Ov. Tr. 1, 4, 12; cf.

clavum,

Verg. A. 10, 218:

te ventorum regat pater,

Hor. C. 1, 3, 3:

vela,

Prop. 2, 28 (3, 24), 24:

coërcet et regit beluam,

Cic. Rep. 2, 40, 67:

equum,

Liv. 35, 11:

equos,

Ov. A. A. 3, 556; id. Ib. 474; cf.

quadrupedes,

id. M. 2, 86:

spumantia ora (equi),

id. ib. 8, 34:

frena,

id. P. 4, 12, 24:

equi impotentes regendi,

Liv. 35, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 28; Curt. 4, 15, 28:

currus,

Ov. A. A. 1, 4; Curt. 8, 14, 7: taurus ex grege, quem prope litora regebat, Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 715 P.; Quint. 1, 1, 27:

rege tela per auras,

Verg. A. 9, 409:

tela per viscera Caesaris,

Luc. 7, 350; cf.:

missum jaculum,

Ov. M. 7, 684:

sagittas nusquam,

Luc. 7, 515:

regens tenui vestigia filo,

Cat. 64, 113; cf.:

Daedalium iter lino duce,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 8:

caeca filo vestigia,

Verg. A. 6, 30:

diverso flamina tractu,

Ov. M. 1, 59:

gressus,

Vulg. Judic. 16, 26.—

In partic., jurid. t. t.:

regere fines,

to draw the boundaries, mark out the limits, Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55; id. Top. 10, 43; id. Mur. 9, 22; Tib. 1, 3, 44; cf. Dig. 10, 1, and Cod. Just. 3, 39 tit. Finium regundorum.—

Trop., to guide, lead, conduct, manage, direct.

In gen.:

Deus qui omnem hunc mundum regit,

Cic. Rep. 6, 13, 13:

domum,

id. ib. 1, 39, 61:

rem consilio,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 13:

belli fera munera Mavors regit,

Lucr. 1, 33; cf.

bella,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17; Sil. 7, 47:

omnia nostra ita gerito, regito, gubernato, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 16, 2, 2:

alicujus animum atque ingenium,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 90; cf.:

animi motus (with moderari cupiditates),

Cic. Part. Or. 22, 76:

mores,

Ov. M. 15, 834:

animos dictis,

Verg. A. 1, 153:

animum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

ut me ipse regam,

id. ib. 1, 1, 27:

consilia senatus,

Quint. 12, 1, 26:

valetudines principis,

Tac. A. 6, 50; cf.:

valetudinem arbitratu suo,

Suet. Tib. 68 al.:

neque regerentur magis quam regerent casus,

Sall. J. 1, 5; cf.:

jam regi leges, non regere,

Liv. 10, 13:

utroque vorsum rectum est ingenium meum,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 6:

vellem suscepisses juvenem regendum,

Cic. Att. 10, 6, 2; cf. Suet. Tib. 50; id. Claud. 9:

Silvanum specie obsequii regebat,

Tac. H. 3, 50:

nemo regere potest, nisi qui et regi,

Sen. Ira, 2, 15 fin.; Quint. 12, 10, 69.—

Transf.

To sway, control, rule, govern, have the supremacy over any thing:

quare qui convenit polliceri operam suam rei publicae, cum rem publicam regere nesciant?

Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 11; so,

rem publicam,

id. ib. 1, 26, 41;

1, 27, 43: in iis civitatibus quae ab optimis reguntur,

id. ib. 1, 34 fin.;

2, 9, 15: illa civitas optimatium arbitrio regi dicitur,

id. ib. 1, 26, 42; cf.:

Massilienses per delectos et principes cives summā justitiā reguntur,

id. ib. 1, 27, 43:

Frisios,

Tac. A. 4, 72:

populos imperio,

Verg. A. 6, 851:

imperiis Italiam,

id. ib. 4, 230:

legiones,

Tac. A. 15, 7; cf.

cohortes,

id. H. 4, 12:

exercitum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 13, 2; id. Pan. 9, 2:

domum,

Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 4:

diva, quae regis Antium,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 1:

Diana, quae silentium regis,

id. Epod. 5, 51.— Transf., of abstract objects:

animi partes consilio,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

ut unius potestate regatur salus et aequabilitas et otium civium,

id. ib. 2, 23, 43:

rex ille (Tarquinius) neque suos mores regere poterat neque suorum libidines,

id. ib. 2, 25, 46.— Absol.:

Tiberio regente,

Tac. A. 4, 33; 13, 3:

stare rempublicam nisi uno regente non posse,

Quint. 3, 8, 47:

quo regente,

Verg. Cul. 333; Just. 1, 9, 23:

Clemens ambitioso imperio regebat,

i. e. used his authority to court popular favor, Tac. H. 2, 12.—

To guide into the right way one who has erred; to set right, correct: non multa peccas, sed si peccas, te regere possum, old poet ap. Cic. Mur. 29, 60 (with corrigere and inflectere):

errantem regere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 57:

rogo, domine, consilio me regas, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 10, 19 (30), 1; cf.: alicujus dubitationem, id. ib 10, 118 (119), 3.— Hence,

P. a. as subst.: rĕgens, entis, m., a governor, prince, ruler, regent:

contemptus regentium,

Tac. A. 12, 54:

in obsequium regentis,

id. Or. 41: clementia regentis, Sen. Clem. 1, 22, 3:

vita regentis,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 301:

excogitare nemo quicquam poterit, quod magis decorum regenti sit quam clementia,

Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 1; id. Ep. 59, 7:

in vulgus manant exempla regentum (= -tium),

Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 168.—

rectus, a, um, P. a., led straight along, drawn in a straight line (horizontal or vertical), straight, upright, orthos.

Lit., of horizontal direction:

pars Remorum recta est (opp. refracta),

Lucr. 4, 439:

sed nil omnino rectā regione viaï declinare,

id. 2, 249 Munro:

rectā regione iter instituere,

Liv. 21, 31:

India, rectā regione spatiosa,

Curt. 8, 9, 2; cf. id. 7, 9, 2:

ad nostras aedes hic quidem habet rectam viam,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 26:

via,

id. Cas. 5, 2, 7; id. Poen. 3, 3, 79; id. Ps. 4, 7, 37; Ter. And. 3, 4, 21; id. Phorm. 2, 1, 80; Mart. 8, 75, 2; cf.

platea,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 58; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 35; 43:

porta,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 60:

ostium,

id. Mil. 2, 3, 58:

ostia viarum (opp. iter flexum),

Lucr. 4, 93:

cursus hinc in Africam,

Liv. 26, 43:

saxa quae rectis lineis suos ordines servant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23 fin.:

recto flumine,

Verg. A. 8, 57:

recto ad Iberum itinere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 69; Liv. 22, 9:

ne qua forent pedibus vestigia rectis,

Verg. A. 8, 209:

recto grassetur limite miles,

Ov. Tr. 2, 477:

velut rectae acies concurrissent,

in a straight line, line of battle, Liv. 34, 28; so,

acies,

id. 35, 28:

qui (quincunx), in quamcumque partem spectaveris, rectus est,

Quint. 8, 3, 9:

hic vos aliud nihil orat, nisi ut rectis oculis hanc urbem sibi intueri liceat,

Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 48:

adversus adparatus terribilium rectos oculos tenet,

Sen. Const. 5, 5:

rectis oculis gladios micantes videre,

id. Ep. 76, 33; 104, 24:

oculi,

Suet. Aug. 16; cf.

acies,

Ov. M. 2, 776:

lumen,

Luc. 9, 638:

vultus,

Stat. Th. 10, 542.—Of vertical direction:

ut hae (partes) rursum rectis lineis in caelestem locum subvolent,

in perpendicular lines, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

saxa,

perpendicular, steep, Liv. 21, 36 (just before: pleraque Alpium arrectiora sunt); cf.:

rectae prope rupes,

id. 38, 20:

truncus,

Ov. M. 7, 640:

ita jacere talum, ut rectus assistat: qui ita talus erit jactus ut cadet rectus,

Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 53:

caput rectum et secundum naturam (opp. dejectum, supinum), in latus inclinatum,

Quint. 11, 3, 69:

homines,

straight, erect, Cat. 10, 20; so,

Quintia,

id. 86, 1:

puella,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 123:

senectus,

Juv. 3, 26:

iterque Non agit in rectum, sed in orbem curvat eundem,

does not shape his course directly forward, Ov. M. 2, 715:

vidit ut hostiles in rectum exire cohortes,

Luc. 7, 327. — Comp.:

crus Rectius,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 82:

rectior coma,

smoother, straighter, Sen. Ep. 95, 24:

longā trabe rectior exstet,

Ov. M. 3, 78:

crura,

Pall. 7, 7. — Sup.:

rectissima linea,

Quint. 3, 6, 83:

via,

id. 12, 2, 27. —

Trop.

In gen., right, correct, proper, appropriate, befitting; opp. to what is false or improper: vobis mentes rectae quae stare solebant, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 16 (Ann. v. 208 Vahl.):

ut rectā viā rem narret ordine omnem,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28 (just before: aperte, ita ut res sese habet, narrato); cf. id. And. 2, 6, 11: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam: Ea res est, you ' re on the right way, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 39: in rectam redire semitam, cf. id. Cas. 2, 3, 33:

rectā viā depelli,

Quint. 2, 7, 29; 10, 1, 29; cf. Sen. Ep. 94, 54; Quint. 2, 6, 2;

so post-class.: de viā rectā declinare,

Gell. 1, 3, 15: a rectā viā avertere, Aug. Civ Dei, 12, 17, 2: ad rectum iter retrahere, Hier. in Osee, 2, 8 sq.; id. in Mich. 3, 5:

recta consilia dare,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:

quae sint in artibus recta ac prava dijudicare,

Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 195; cf.:

quae sunt recta et simplicia laudantur,

id. Off. 1, 36, 130; Quint. 9, 3, 3:

sermo rectus et secundum naturam enunciatus,

id. 2, 5, 11; cf.:

(oratio) recta an ordine permutato,

id. 1, 13, 5; 9, 4, 27:

per Marathonis propugnatores recto sono juravit (opp. flexus vocis),

id. 11, 3, 168 Spald.; cf. id. 11, 3, 64:

recto ac justo proelio dimicare,

Liv. 35, 4 fin.:

rectarum cenarum consuetudo,

a regular, formal supper, Suet. Dom. 7; so,

cena,

Mart. 2, 69, 7; 7, 20, 2; also absol.:

recta,

Suet. Aug. 74; Mart. 8, 50, 10:

domus recta est (with contenta decore simplici),

Sen. Ep. 100, 6:

nominibus rectis expendere nummos,

i. e. on good securities, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 105: ut natura dedit, sic omnis recta figura, correct, beautiful, Prop. 2, 18, 25 (3, 11, 3):

absque te esset, ego illum haberem rectum ad ingenium bonum,

suitable, qualified, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8.— Subst.: rectum, i, n.:

rectum est etiam in illis contentionibus gravitatem retinere,

Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

quid verum, quid falsum, quid rectum in oratione pravumve,

id. Ac. 1, 5, 19:

aliter, quam est rectum verumque dicere,

Quint. 6, 3, 89:

cum sit rectum, Nocere facile est, etc.,

id. 8, 5, 6;

so (opp. durum et incomptum),

id. 8, 6, 65; (opp. vitiosum) id. 1, 5, 29:

mutare aliquid a recto,

id. 2, 13, 11:

recta et vera loquere,

i. e. sincerely, openly, Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7:

qui haec recta tantum et in nullos flexus recedentia copiose tractaverit,

Quint. 10, 5, 12:

ea plerumque recta sunt,

id. 9, 2, 5; cf. id. 9, 2, 45.— Comp.:

rectior divisio,

Quint. 7, 2, 39:

si quid novisti rectius istis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 67; Cic. Rep. 1, 40, 62.— Sup.:

rectissima ratio,

Quint. 2, 13, 3.—

In partic.

Morally right, correct, lawful, just, virtuous, noble, good (opp. pravus); as subst.: rectum, i, n., that which is right, good, virtuous; uprightness, rectitude, virtue (very freq.):

honesta res dividitur in rectum et laudabile. Rectum est, quod cum virtute et officio fit,

Auct. Her. 3, 2, 3: illud rectum, quod katorthôma dicebat, Cic. Fin. 4, 6, 15:

nec quicquam nisi honestum et rectum ab altero postulare,

id. Lael. 22, 82;

so with honestum,

id. ib. 21, 76; id. Fin. 1, 7, 25; id. Off. 1, 24, 82; id. Fam. 5, 19, 1 al.:

(opp. pravum) neque id Putabit, pravum an rectum siet, quod petet,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 76; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 6; Cic. Ac. 2, 11, 33; id. Or. 14, 45; id. Lig. 9, 30; Quint. 1, 3, 12; 2, 4, 20 et saep.; cf.:

recta consilia (opp. prava),

Liv. 1, 27:

in rectis (opp. in pravitatibus),

Cic. Leg. 1, 11, 31:

curvo dignoscere rectum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 44:

mens sibi conscia recti,

Verg. A. 1, 604:

fidem rectumque colebat,

Ov. M. 1, 90:

recta ingenia (opp. perversa),

Plin. Ep. 4, 7, 3 et saep.:

in omni vitā suā quemque a rectā conscientiā traversum unguem non oportet discedere,

Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4:

animus secundis Temporibus dubiisque rectus,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:

natura,

id. S. 1, 6, 66:

ex consularibus, unus L. Caesar firmus est et rectus,

Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2:

judex,

Quint. 4, 1, 13; cf.

auditor,

Plin. Ep. 2, 19, 6:

vir rectus et sanctus,

id. ib. 2, 11, 5; cf. id. ib. 7, 31, 1:

beatus judicii rectus,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 2.— Rectum est, with subjective-clause:

rectum est gravitatem retinere,

Cic. Off. 1, 38 fin.; so id. ib. 3, 11, 47; id. Mur. 2, 3; id. Att. 6, 9, 4.—

In gram.: rectus casus, the nominative case (because not inflected;

opp. obliqui casus),

Varr. L. L. 1 sq.; Quint. 1, 4, 13; 1, 5, 61; Gell. 13, 12, 4 et saep.—Hence the adverbs,

rectā,

rectō,

rectē.

rectā (sc. viā). straightway, straightforwards, right on, directly (freq. and class.):

hic ad me rectā habet rectam viam,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 11; id. Ps. 4, 7, 37:

jam ad regem rectā me ducam,

id. Am. 4, 3, 8; 5, 1, 63; id. Capt. 3, 5, 93; id. Cas. prol. 43; id. Mil. 2, 5, 50; id. Merc. 5, 2, 92; id. Ps. 4, 2, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 13; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 7:

tu rus hinc ibis?... rectā,

id. Ad. 3, 3, 79; id. Hec. 3, 3, 12; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 62; 5, 6, 19:

Marius ab subselliis in rostra rectā,

Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80; id. Att. 5, 14, 2; 6, 8, 1; 16, 10, 1; id. Fam. 9, 19, 1; id. Verr. 2, 5, 61, § 160; id. Cat. 1, 9, 23; Auct. Her. 4, 50, 63; Auct. B. Afr. 18; 40; Auct. B. Hisp. 3; Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 al.: tendimus hinc rectā Beneventum. Hor. S. 1, 5, 71. —

rectō, straightforwards, directly (perh. only in the two foll. passages):

appellationes, quae recto ad principem factae sunt,

Dig. 49, 1, 21; Inscr. Grut. 611, 13.—

rectē.

Lit., in a straight line (horizontal or perpendicular), straightly, perpendicularly, uprightly, orthôs (very rare):

vitem bene enodatam deligato recte, flexuosa uti ne siet,

Cato, R. R. 33, 4:

sive aliae (atomi) declinabunt, aliae suo nutu recte ferentur... quae (atomi) recte, quae oblique ferantur,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 20:

satyri, cum quadrupedes, tum recte currentes, humanā effigie,

Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 24.—

Trop., rightly, correctly, properly, duly, suitably, well, advantageously, accurately (very freq. in all periods and styles):

recta et vera loquere, sed neque vere neque recte adhuc Fecisti umquam,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7; cf. Cic. Lael. 2, 8:

fecisti edepol et recte et bene,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 20: si facias recte [p. 1553] aut commode, id. Cas. 2, 3, 42;

so with commode,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 100:

recte et sapienter facit,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 133; cf. id. ib. 3, 4, 12:

recte atque ordine factum,

Cic. Quint. 7, 28:

recte atque ordine facere,

id. Phil. 3, 15, 38; Sall. C. 51, 4; Liv. 24, 31; 28, 39; 30, 17 et saep.;

v. Brisson. Form. II. p. 197: recte ac merito miseriā commoveri,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 172:

recte atque in loco constare,

id. Mur. 12, 26:

recte factum,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 52:

seu recte seu pervorse facta sunt,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 146:

seu recte seu perperam facere,

Cic. Quint. 8, 31; so (opp. perperam) Sall. J. 31, 27; Liv. 29, 17:

recte dictum (opp. absurde),

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 4:

recte concludere (opp. vitiose),

Cic. Ac. 2, 30, 98:

recte factum (opp. turpiter),

Caes. B. G. 7, 80 et saep.:

recte rationem tenes,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 47:

hercle quin tu recte dicis,

id. Men. 2, 3, 74; id. Merc. 2, 3, 77; 5, 4, 47: recte auguraris de me, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, 1:

non recte judicas de Catone,

Cic. Lael. 2, 9; cf.:

rectissime quidem judicas,

id. Rep. 3, 32, 44:

tum demum sciam Recta monuisse, si tu recte caveris,

Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 71 sq.:

monere,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 96; id. Ps. 4, 4, 12; id. Pers. 4, 4, 53; id. Rud. 3, 5, 49; cf.:

admonere recte,

id. Men. 5, 9, 33:

suis amicis recte res suas narrare,

properly, openly, id. Poen. 5, 6, 2:

hic (Epicurus) circumitione quādam deos tollens recte non dubitat divinationem tollere,

consistently, logically, Cic. Div. 2, 17, 40:

aliquem asservare recte, ne aufugiat,

duly, carefully, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 11:

alicui recte dare epistulam,

correctly, id. Ps. 4, 2, 33:

cum fuit cui recte ad te litteras darem,

safely, Cic. Att. 4, 1, 1; id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; so,

sed habebat ducem Gabinium, quicum quidvis rectissime facere posset,

id. Phil. 2, 19, 49; cf.:

alicui suam salutem recte committere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 6 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 74:

si recte ambulaverit is, qui hanc epistulam tulit,

goes as he ought, Cic. Att. 9, 4, 3: tabernaculum recte captum, i. e. in the prescribed manner (opp. vitio captum), id. Div. 2, 35, 75; Liv. 4, 7; cf.:

ludi recte facti,

id. 36, 2:

ver sacrum non esse recte factum,

id. 34, 44: procedere recte, well, rightly, Enn. ap. Acron. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 454 Vahl.): Pi. Recte valet? Ch. Vivit recte et valet, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 11, and 14:

valere,

id. Merc. 2, 3, 53:

apud matrem recte est,

i. e. she is quite well, Cic. Att. 1, 7 init.; so,

recte esse,

id. ib. 14, 16, 4 (with belle); Hor. S. 2, 3, 162 Orell.; cf.: Tullia nostra recte valet... Praeterea rectissime sunt apud te omnia, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1:

recte sit oculis tuis,

Gell. 13, 30, 11:

olivetum recte putare,

properly, advantageously, Cato, R. R. 44:

solet illa recte sub manus succedere,

well, Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 2:

recte cavere,

to look out well, take good care, id. Bacch. 3, 6, 15; id. Ep. 2, 2, 107; id. Most. 3, 3, 23; id. Men. 2, 2, 72; cf.: recte sibi videre, to look out well for one ' s self, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 12 Ruhnk.:

deos volo consilia vostra recte vortere,

well, happily, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 31; so,

vortere,

id. Aul. 2, 2, 41: recte vendere, well, i. e. dearly, at a high price (opp. male), Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227:

alicui nec recte dicere, i. e. male, injuriose,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 11; id. Most. 1, 3, 83; id. Poen. 3, 1, 13; cf.:

nec recte loqui alicui,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 83:

nec recte dicere in aliquem,

id. As. 1, 3, 3;

and simply nec recte dicere,

id. Ps. 4, 6, 23.— Comp.:

ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 46:

hic tibi erit rectius,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 31:

rectius bella gerere,

Liv. 3, 2 fin.:

non possidentem multa vocaveris Recte beatum, rectius occupet Nomen beati, qui, etc.,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 46.— Sup., Cic. Rep. 3, 32, 44; v. supra. —

With adjj., right, well, properly, very, much, to strengthen the idea (ante-class.): illasce oves, quā de re agitur, sanas recte esse, uti pecus ovillum, quod recte sanum est, etc., an ancient formula in Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6:

locus recte ferax,

Cato, R. R. 44:

salvus sum recte,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 34:

morata recte,

id. Aul. 2, 2, 62:

oneratus recte,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 115:

non recte vinctus est,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 52.—

Ellipt., esp. in answers, in colloquial lang., well, quite well, right, excellently: Thr. Primum aedis expugnabo. Gn. Recte. Thr. Virginem eripiam. Gn. Probe. Thr. Male mulcabo ipsam. Gn. Pulchre, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 3: quid vos? quo pacto hic? satin recte? (sc. est, agitur, valetis, etc.), quite well? id. And. 4, 5, 9; cf.: Le. Satin' salve? dic mihi. Ca. Recte, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 54; and: De. Quid fit? quid agitur? Sy. Recte. De. Optime'st, Ter. Ad. 5, 5, 3; Quint. 6, 3, 84.—

So, in colloquial lang., freq. like benigne and the Gr. kalôs, or kallista echei, as a courteously evasive answer, all ' s well, it ' s all right, there ' s nothing the matter; or, in politely declining an offer, nothing is wanting, no I thank you: De. Unde incedis? quid festinas, gnate mi? Ch. Recte pater, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 33; cf.: So. Quid es tam tristis? Pa. Recte mater, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 20; and: Ch. Quid tu istic? Syr. Recte equidem, id. Heaut. 3, 2, 7: Mi. Quid est? Aes. Nihil, recte, perge, id. Ad. 4, 5, 19:

rogo numquid velit? Recte inquit,

i. e. no, nothing, id. Eun. 2, 3, 51; so,

in an exclamation: clamabit, pulchre! bene! recte!

Hor. A. P. 4, 28.

rĕgo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. arg-, argami, to obtain; Gr. oregô reach after; cf. [p. 1552] Sanscr. rāgan; Goth. reiks, king; Germ. Reich and Recht], to keep straight or from going wrong, to lead straight; to guide, conduct, direct (freq. and class.; syn.: guberno, moderor).

Lit.:

deus est, qui regit et moderatur et movet id corpus, cui praepositus est,

Cic. Rep. 6, 24, 26:

manus una (navem) regit,

Lucr. 4, 903:

onera navium velis,

Caes. B. G. 3, 13:

arte ratem,

Ov. Tr. 1, 4, 12; cf.

clavum,

Verg. A. 10, 218:

te ventorum regat pater,

Hor. C. 1, 3, 3:

vela,

Prop. 2, 28 (3, 24), 24:

coërcet et regit beluam,

Cic. Rep. 2, 40, 67:

equum,

Liv. 35, 11:

equos,

Ov. A. A. 3, 556; id. Ib. 474; cf.

quadrupedes,

id. M. 2, 86:

spumantia ora (equi),

id. ib. 8, 34:

frena,

id. P. 4, 12, 24:

equi impotentes regendi,

Liv. 35, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 28; Curt. 4, 15, 28:

currus,

Ov. A. A. 1, 4; Curt. 8, 14, 7: taurus ex grege, quem prope litora regebat, Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 715 P.; Quint. 1, 1, 27:

rege tela per auras,

Verg. A. 9, 409:

tela per viscera Caesaris,

Luc. 7, 350; cf.:

missum jaculum,

Ov. M. 7, 684:

sagittas nusquam,

Luc. 7, 515:

regens tenui vestigia filo,

Cat. 64, 113; cf.:

Daedalium iter lino duce,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 8:

caeca filo vestigia,

Verg. A. 6, 30:

diverso flamina tractu,

Ov. M. 1, 59:

gressus,

Vulg. Judic. 16, 26.—

In partic., jurid. t. t.:

regere fines,

to draw the boundaries, mark out the limits, Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55; id. Top. 10, 43; id. Mur. 9, 22; Tib. 1, 3, 44; cf. Dig. 10, 1, and Cod. Just. 3, 39 tit. Finium regundorum.—

Trop., to guide, lead, conduct, manage, direct.

In gen.:

Deus qui omnem hunc mundum regit,

Cic. Rep. 6, 13, 13:

domum,

id. ib. 1, 39, 61:

rem consilio,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 13:

belli fera munera Mavors regit,

Lucr. 1, 33; cf.

bella,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17; Sil. 7, 47:

omnia nostra ita gerito, regito, gubernato, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 16, 2, 2:

alicujus animum atque ingenium,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 90; cf.:

animi motus (with moderari cupiditates),

Cic. Part. Or. 22, 76:

mores,

Ov. M. 15, 834:

animos dictis,

Verg. A. 1, 153:

animum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

ut me ipse regam,

id. ib. 1, 1, 27:

consilia senatus,

Quint. 12, 1, 26:

valetudines principis,

Tac. A. 6, 50; cf.:

valetudinem arbitratu suo,

Suet. Tib. 68 al.:

neque regerentur magis quam regerent casus,

Sall. J. 1, 5; cf.:

jam regi leges, non regere,

Liv. 10, 13:

utroque vorsum rectum est ingenium meum,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 6:

vellem suscepisses juvenem regendum,

Cic. Att. 10, 6, 2; cf. Suet. Tib. 50; id. Claud. 9:

Silvanum specie obsequii regebat,

Tac. H. 3, 50:

nemo regere potest, nisi qui et regi,

Sen. Ira, 2, 15 fin.; Quint. 12, 10, 69.—

Transf.

To sway, control, rule, govern, have the supremacy over any thing:

quare qui convenit polliceri operam suam rei publicae, cum rem publicam regere nesciant?

Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 11; so,

rem publicam,

id. ib. 1, 26, 41;

1, 27, 43: in iis civitatibus quae ab optimis reguntur,

id. ib. 1, 34 fin.;

2, 9, 15: illa civitas optimatium arbitrio regi dicitur,

id. ib. 1, 26, 42; cf.:

Massilienses per delectos et principes cives summā justitiā reguntur,

id. ib. 1, 27, 43:

Frisios,

Tac. A. 4, 72:

populos imperio,

Verg. A. 6, 851:

imperiis Italiam,

id. ib. 4, 230:

legiones,

Tac. A. 15, 7; cf.

cohortes,

id. H. 4, 12:

exercitum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 13, 2; id. Pan. 9, 2:

domum,

Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 4:

diva, quae regis Antium,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 1:

Diana, quae silentium regis,

id. Epod. 5, 51.— Transf., of abstract objects:

animi partes consilio,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

ut unius potestate regatur salus et aequabilitas et otium civium,

id. ib. 2, 23, 43:

rex ille (Tarquinius) neque suos mores regere poterat neque suorum libidines,

id. ib. 2, 25, 46.— Absol.:

Tiberio regente,

Tac. A. 4, 33; 13, 3:

stare rempublicam nisi uno regente non posse,

Quint. 3, 8, 47:

quo regente,

Verg. Cul. 333; Just. 1, 9, 23:

Clemens ambitioso imperio regebat,

i. e. used his authority to court popular favor, Tac. H. 2, 12.—

To guide into the right way one who has erred; to set right, correct: non multa peccas, sed si peccas, te regere possum, old poet ap. Cic. Mur. 29, 60 (with corrigere and inflectere):

errantem regere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 57:

rogo, domine, consilio me regas, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 10, 19 (30), 1; cf.: alicujus dubitationem, id. ib 10, 118 (119), 3.— Hence,

P. a. as subst.: rĕgens, entis, m., a governor, prince, ruler, regent:

contemptus regentium,

Tac. A. 12, 54:

in obsequium regentis,

id. Or. 41: clementia regentis, Sen. Clem. 1, 22, 3:

vita regentis,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 301:

excogitare nemo quicquam poterit, quod magis decorum regenti sit quam clementia,

Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 1; id. Ep. 59, 7:

in vulgus manant exempla regentum (= -tium),

Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 168.—

rectus, a, um, P. a., led straight along, drawn in a straight line (horizontal or vertical), straight, upright, orthos.

Lit., of horizontal direction:

pars Remorum recta est (opp. refracta),

Lucr. 4, 439:

sed nil omnino rectā regione viaï declinare,

id. 2, 249 Munro:

rectā regione iter instituere,

Liv. 21, 31:

India, rectā regione spatiosa,

Curt. 8, 9, 2; cf. id. 7, 9, 2:

ad nostras aedes hic quidem habet rectam viam,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 26:

via,

id. Cas. 5, 2, 7; id. Poen. 3, 3, 79; id. Ps. 4, 7, 37; Ter. And. 3, 4, 21; id. Phorm. 2, 1, 80; Mart. 8, 75, 2; cf.

platea,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 58; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 35; 43:

porta,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 60:

ostium,

id. Mil. 2, 3, 58:

ostia viarum (opp. iter flexum),

Lucr. 4, 93:

cursus hinc in Africam,

Liv. 26, 43:

saxa quae rectis lineis suos ordines servant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23 fin.:

recto flumine,

Verg. A. 8, 57:

recto ad Iberum itinere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 69; Liv. 22, 9:

ne qua forent pedibus vestigia rectis,

Verg. A. 8, 209:

recto grassetur limite miles,

Ov. Tr. 2, 477:

velut rectae acies concurrissent,

in a straight line, line of battle, Liv. 34, 28; so,

acies,

id. 35, 28:

qui (quincunx), in quamcumque partem spectaveris, rectus est,

Quint. 8, 3, 9:

hic vos aliud nihil orat, nisi ut rectis oculis hanc urbem sibi intueri liceat,

Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 48:

adversus adparatus terribilium rectos oculos tenet,

Sen. Const. 5, 5:

rectis oculis gladios micantes videre,

id. Ep. 76, 33; 104, 24:

oculi,

Suet. Aug. 16; cf.

acies,

Ov. M. 2, 776:

lumen,

Luc. 9, 638:

vultus,

Stat. Th. 10, 542.—Of vertical direction:

ut hae (partes) rursum rectis lineis in caelestem locum subvolent,

in perpendicular lines, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

saxa,

perpendicular, steep, Liv. 21, 36 (just before: pleraque Alpium arrectiora sunt); cf.:

rectae prope rupes,

id. 38, 20:

truncus,

Ov. M. 7, 640:

ita jacere talum, ut rectus assistat: qui ita talus erit jactus ut cadet rectus,

Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 53:

caput rectum et secundum naturam (opp. dejectum, supinum), in latus inclinatum,

Quint. 11, 3, 69:

homines,

straight, erect, Cat. 10, 20; so,

Quintia,

id. 86, 1:

puella,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 123:

senectus,

Juv. 3, 26:

iterque Non agit in rectum, sed in orbem curvat eundem,

does not shape his course directly forward, Ov. M. 2, 715:

vidit ut hostiles in rectum exire cohortes,

Luc. 7, 327. — Comp.:

crus Rectius,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 82:

rectior coma,

smoother, straighter, Sen. Ep. 95, 24:

longā trabe rectior exstet,

Ov. M. 3, 78:

crura,

Pall. 7, 7. — Sup.:

rectissima linea,

Quint. 3, 6, 83:

via,

id. 12, 2, 27. —

Trop.

In gen., right, correct, proper, appropriate, befitting; opp. to what is false or improper: vobis mentes rectae quae stare solebant, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 16 (Ann. v. 208 Vahl.):

ut rectā viā rem narret ordine omnem,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28 (just before: aperte, ita ut res sese habet, narrato); cf. id. And. 2, 6, 11: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam: Ea res est, you ' re on the right way, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 39: in rectam redire semitam, cf. id. Cas. 2, 3, 33:

rectā viā depelli,

Quint. 2, 7, 29; 10, 1, 29; cf. Sen. Ep. 94, 54; Quint. 2, 6, 2;

so post-class.: de viā rectā declinare,

Gell. 1, 3, 15: a rectā viā avertere, Aug. Civ Dei, 12, 17, 2: ad rectum iter retrahere, Hier. in Osee, 2, 8 sq.; id. in Mich. 3, 5:

recta consilia dare,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:

quae sint in artibus recta ac prava dijudicare,

Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 195; cf.:

quae sunt recta et simplicia laudantur,

id. Off. 1, 36, 130; Quint. 9, 3, 3:

sermo rectus et secundum naturam enunciatus,

id. 2, 5, 11; cf.:

(oratio) recta an ordine permutato,

id. 1, 13, 5; 9, 4, 27:

per Marathonis propugnatores recto sono juravit (opp. flexus vocis),

id. 11, 3, 168 Spald.; cf. id. 11, 3, 64:

recto ac justo proelio dimicare,

Liv. 35, 4 fin.:

rectarum cenarum consuetudo,

a regular, formal supper, Suet. Dom. 7; so,

cena,

Mart. 2, 69, 7; 7, 20, 2; also absol.:

recta,

Suet. Aug. 74; Mart. 8, 50, 10:

domus recta est (with contenta decore simplici),

Sen. Ep. 100, 6:

nominibus rectis expendere nummos,

i. e. on good securities, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 105: ut natura dedit, sic omnis recta figura, correct, beautiful, Prop. 2, 18, 25 (3, 11, 3):

absque te esset, ego illum haberem rectum ad ingenium bonum,

suitable, qualified, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8.— Subst.: rectum, i, n.:

rectum est etiam in illis contentionibus gravitatem retinere,

Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

quid verum, quid falsum, quid rectum in oratione pravumve,

id. Ac. 1, 5, 19:

aliter, quam est rectum verumque dicere,

Quint. 6, 3, 89:

cum sit rectum, Nocere facile est, etc.,

id. 8, 5, 6;

so (opp. durum et incomptum),

id. 8, 6, 65; (opp. vitiosum) id. 1, 5, 29:

mutare aliquid a recto,

id. 2, 13, 11:

recta et vera loquere,

i. e. sincerely, openly, Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7:

qui haec recta tantum et in nullos flexus recedentia copiose tractaverit,

Quint. 10, 5, 12:

ea plerumque recta sunt,

id. 9, 2, 5; cf. id. 9, 2, 45.— Comp.:

rectior divisio,

Quint. 7, 2, 39:

si quid novisti rectius istis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 67; Cic. Rep. 1, 40, 62.— Sup.:

rectissima ratio,

Quint. 2, 13, 3.—

In partic.

Morally right, correct, lawful, just, virtuous, noble, good (opp. pravus); as subst.: rectum, i, n., that which is right, good, virtuous; uprightness, rectitude, virtue (very freq.):

honesta res dividitur in rectum et laudabile. Rectum est, quod cum virtute et officio fit,

Auct. Her. 3, 2, 3: illud rectum, quod katorthôma dicebat, Cic. Fin. 4, 6, 15:

nec quicquam nisi honestum et rectum ab altero postulare,

id. Lael. 22, 82;

so with honestum,

id. ib. 21, 76; id. Fin. 1, 7, 25; id. Off. 1, 24, 82; id. Fam. 5, 19, 1 al.:

(opp. pravum) neque id Putabit, pravum an rectum siet, quod petet,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 76; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 6; Cic. Ac. 2, 11, 33; id. Or. 14, 45; id. Lig. 9, 30; Quint. 1, 3, 12; 2, 4, 20 et saep.; cf.:

recta consilia (opp. prava),

Liv. 1, 27:

in rectis (opp. in pravitatibus),

Cic. Leg. 1, 11, 31:

curvo dignoscere rectum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 44:

mens sibi conscia recti,

Verg. A. 1, 604:

fidem rectumque colebat,

Ov. M. 1, 90:

recta ingenia (opp. perversa),

Plin. Ep. 4, 7, 3 et saep.:

in omni vitā suā quemque a rectā conscientiā traversum unguem non oportet discedere,

Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4:

animus secundis Temporibus dubiisque rectus,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:

natura,

id. S. 1, 6, 66:

ex consularibus, unus L. Caesar firmus est et rectus,

Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2:

judex,

Quint. 4, 1, 13; cf.

auditor,

Plin. Ep. 2, 19, 6:

vir rectus et sanctus,

id. ib. 2, 11, 5; cf. id. ib. 7, 31, 1:

beatus judicii rectus,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 2.— Rectum est, with subjective-clause:

rectum est gravitatem retinere,

Cic. Off. 1, 38 fin.; so id. ib. 3, 11, 47; id. Mur. 2, 3; id. Att. 6, 9, 4.—

In gram.: rectus casus, the nominative case (because not inflected;

opp. obliqui casus),

Varr. L. L. 1 sq.; Quint. 1, 4, 13; 1, 5, 61; Gell. 13, 12, 4 et saep.—Hence the adverbs,

rectā,

rectō,

rectē.

rectā (sc. viā). straightway, straightforwards, right on, directly (freq. and class.):

hic ad me rectā habet rectam viam,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 11; id. Ps. 4, 7, 37:

jam ad regem rectā me ducam,

id. Am. 4, 3, 8; 5, 1, 63; id. Capt. 3, 5, 93; id. Cas. prol. 43; id. Mil. 2, 5, 50; id. Merc. 5, 2, 92; id. Ps. 4, 2, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 13; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 7:

tu rus hinc ibis?... rectā,

id. Ad. 3, 3, 79; id. Hec. 3, 3, 12; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 62; 5, 6, 19:

Marius ab subselliis in rostra rectā,

Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80; id. Att. 5, 14, 2; 6, 8, 1; 16, 10, 1; id. Fam. 9, 19, 1; id. Verr. 2, 5, 61, § 160; id. Cat. 1, 9, 23; Auct. Her. 4, 50, 63; Auct. B. Afr. 18; 40; Auct. B. Hisp. 3; Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 al.: tendimus hinc rectā Beneventum. Hor. S. 1, 5, 71. —

rectō, straightforwards, directly (perh. only in the two foll. passages):

appellationes, quae recto ad principem factae sunt,

Dig. 49, 1, 21; Inscr. Grut. 611, 13.—

rectē.

Lit., in a straight line (horizontal or perpendicular), straightly, perpendicularly, uprightly, orthôs (very rare):

vitem bene enodatam deligato recte, flexuosa uti ne siet,

Cato, R. R. 33, 4:

sive aliae (atomi) declinabunt, aliae suo nutu recte ferentur... quae (atomi) recte, quae oblique ferantur,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 20:

satyri, cum quadrupedes, tum recte currentes, humanā effigie,

Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 24.—

Trop., rightly, correctly, properly, duly, suitably, well, advantageously, accurately (very freq. in all periods and styles):

recta et vera loquere, sed neque vere neque recte adhuc Fecisti umquam,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7; cf. Cic. Lael. 2, 8:

fecisti edepol et recte et bene,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 20: si facias recte [p. 1553] aut commode, id. Cas. 2, 3, 42;

so with commode,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 100:

recte et sapienter facit,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 133; cf. id. ib. 3, 4, 12:

recte atque ordine factum,

Cic. Quint. 7, 28:

recte atque ordine facere,

id. Phil. 3, 15, 38; Sall. C. 51, 4; Liv. 24, 31; 28, 39; 30, 17 et saep.;

v. Brisson. Form. II. p. 197: recte ac merito miseriā commoveri,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 172:

recte atque in loco constare,

id. Mur. 12, 26:

recte factum,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 52:

seu recte seu pervorse facta sunt,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 146:

seu recte seu perperam facere,

Cic. Quint. 8, 31; so (opp. perperam) Sall. J. 31, 27; Liv. 29, 17:

recte dictum (opp. absurde),

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 4:

recte concludere (opp. vitiose),

Cic. Ac. 2, 30, 98:

recte factum (opp. turpiter),

Caes. B. G. 7, 80 et saep.:

recte rationem tenes,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 47:

hercle quin tu recte dicis,

id. Men. 2, 3, 74; id. Merc. 2, 3, 77; 5, 4, 47: recte auguraris de me, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, 1:

non recte judicas de Catone,

Cic. Lael. 2, 9; cf.:

rectissime quidem judicas,

id. Rep. 3, 32, 44:

tum demum sciam Recta monuisse, si tu recte caveris,

Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 71 sq.:

monere,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 96; id. Ps. 4, 4, 12; id. Pers. 4, 4, 53; id. Rud. 3, 5, 49; cf.:

admonere recte,

id. Men. 5, 9, 33:

suis amicis recte res suas narrare,

properly, openly, id. Poen. 5, 6, 2:

hic (Epicurus) circumitione quādam deos tollens recte non dubitat divinationem tollere,

consistently, logically, Cic. Div. 2, 17, 40:

aliquem asservare recte, ne aufugiat,

duly, carefully, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 11:

alicui recte dare epistulam,

correctly, id. Ps. 4, 2, 33:

cum fuit cui recte ad te litteras darem,

safely, Cic. Att. 4, 1, 1; id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; so,

sed habebat ducem Gabinium, quicum quidvis rectissime facere posset,

id. Phil. 2, 19, 49; cf.:

alicui suam salutem recte committere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 6 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 74:

si recte ambulaverit is, qui hanc epistulam tulit,

goes as he ought, Cic. Att. 9, 4, 3: tabernaculum recte captum, i. e. in the prescribed manner (opp. vitio captum), id. Div. 2, 35, 75; Liv. 4, 7; cf.:

ludi recte facti,

id. 36, 2:

ver sacrum non esse recte factum,

id. 34, 44: procedere recte, well, rightly, Enn. ap. Acron. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 454 Vahl.): Pi. Recte valet? Ch. Vivit recte et valet, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 11, and 14:

valere,

id. Merc. 2, 3, 53:

apud matrem recte est,

i. e. she is quite well, Cic. Att. 1, 7 init.; so,

recte esse,

id. ib. 14, 16, 4 (with belle); Hor. S. 2, 3, 162 Orell.; cf.: Tullia nostra recte valet... Praeterea rectissime sunt apud te omnia, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1:

recte sit oculis tuis,

Gell. 13, 30, 11:

olivetum recte putare,

properly, advantageously, Cato, R. R. 44:

solet illa recte sub manus succedere,

well, Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 2:

recte cavere,

to look out well, take good care, id. Bacch. 3, 6, 15; id. Ep. 2, 2, 107; id. Most. 3, 3, 23; id. Men. 2, 2, 72; cf.: recte sibi videre, to look out well for one ' s self, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 12 Ruhnk.:

deos volo consilia vostra recte vortere,

well, happily, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 31; so,

vortere,

id. Aul. 2, 2, 41: recte vendere, well, i. e. dearly, at a high price (opp. male), Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227:

alicui nec recte dicere, i. e. male, injuriose,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 11; id. Most. 1, 3, 83; id. Poen. 3, 1, 13; cf.:

nec recte loqui alicui,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 83:

nec recte dicere in aliquem,

id. As. 1, 3, 3;

and simply nec recte dicere,

id. Ps. 4, 6, 23.— Comp.:

ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 46:

hic tibi erit rectius,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 31:

rectius bella gerere,

Liv. 3, 2 fin.:

non possidentem multa vocaveris Recte beatum, rectius occupet Nomen beati, qui, etc.,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 46.— Sup., Cic. Rep. 3, 32, 44; v. supra. —

With adjj., right, well, properly, very, much, to strengthen the idea (ante-class.): illasce oves, quā de re agitur, sanas recte esse, uti pecus ovillum, quod recte sanum est, etc., an ancient formula in Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6:

locus recte ferax,

Cato, R. R. 44:

salvus sum recte,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 34:

morata recte,

id. Aul. 2, 2, 62:

oneratus recte,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 115:

non recte vinctus est,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 52.—

Ellipt., esp. in answers, in colloquial lang., well, quite well, right, excellently: Thr. Primum aedis expugnabo. Gn. Recte. Thr. Virginem eripiam. Gn. Probe. Thr. Male mulcabo ipsam. Gn. Pulchre, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 3: quid vos? quo pacto hic? satin recte? (sc. est, agitur, valetis, etc.), quite well? id. And. 4, 5, 9; cf.: Le. Satin' salve? dic mihi. Ca. Recte, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 54; and: De. Quid fit? quid agitur? Sy. Recte. De. Optime'st, Ter. Ad. 5, 5, 3; Quint. 6, 3, 84.—

So, in colloquial lang., freq. like benigne and the Gr. kalôs, or kallista echei, as a courteously evasive answer, all ' s well, it ' s all right, there ' s nothing the matter; or, in politely declining an offer, nothing is wanting, no I thank you: De. Unde incedis? quid festinas, gnate mi? Ch. Recte pater, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 33; cf.: So. Quid es tam tristis? Pa. Recte mater, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 20; and: Ch. Quid tu istic? Syr. Recte equidem, id. Heaut. 3, 2, 7: Mi. Quid est? Aes. Nihil, recte, perge, id. Ad. 4, 5, 19:

rogo numquid velit? Recte inquit,

i. e. no, nothing, id. Eun. 2, 3, 51; so,

in an exclamation: clamabit, pulchre! bene! recte!

Hor. A. P. 4, 28.

rĕlĭgĭo (in poetry also rellĭgĭo, to lengthen the first syllable), ōnis, f. [Concerning the etymology of this word, various opinions were prevalent among the ancients. Cicero (N. D. 2, 28, 72) derives it from relĕgere, an etymology favored by the verse cited ap. Gell. 4, 9, 1, religentem esse oportet, religiosum nefas; whereas Servius (ad Verg. A. 8, 349), Lactantius (4, 28), Augustine (Retract. 1, 13), al., assume religare as the primitive, and for this derivation Lactantius cites the expression of Lucretius (1, 931; 4, 7): religionum nodis animos exsolvere. Modern etymologists mostly agree with this latter view, assuming as root lig, to bind, whence also lic-tor, lex, and ligare; hence, religio sometimes means the same as obligatio; v. Corss. Aussprache, 1, 444 sq.; cf. Munro ad Lucr. 1, 109.]

Reverence for God ( the gods), the fear of God, connected with a careful pondering of divine things; piety, religion, both pure inward piety and that which is manifested in religious rites and ceremonies;

hence the rites and ceremonies, as well as the entire system of religion and worship, the res divinae or sacrae, were frequently called religio or religiones (cf. our use of the word religion): qui omnia, quae ad cultum deorum pertinerent, diligenter retractarent et tamquam relegerent, sunt dicti religiosi ex relegendo, ut elegantes ex elegendo, tamquam a diligendo diligentes, ex intellegendo intellegentes: his enim in verbis omnibus inest vis legendi eadem, quae in religioso,

Cic. N. D. 2, 28, 72:

religione id est cultu deorum,

id. ib. 2, 3, 8:

religio est, quae superioris cujusdam naturae (quam divinam vocant) curam caerimoniamque affert,

id. Inv. 2, 53, 161:

(Pompilius) animos ardentes consuetudine et cupiditate bellandi religionum caeremoniis mitigavit, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 14, 26;

with which cf.: illa diuturna pax Numae mater huic urbi juris et religionis fuit,

id. ib. 5, 2, 3:

de auguriis, responsis, religione denique omni,

Quint. 12, 2, 21:

unde enim pietas? aut a quibus religio?

Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2; cf. id. Leg. 2, 11, 26:

aliquem a pietate, religione deducere,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12:

horum sententiae omnium non modo superstitionem tollunt, in quā inest timor inanis deorum, sed etiam religionem, quae deorum cultu pio continetur, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 42, 117:

quis enim istas (Democriti) imagines... aut cultu aut religione dignas judicare?

id. ib. 1, 43, 121; cf.:

cum animus cultum deorum et puram religionem susceperit,

id. Leg. 1, 23, 60:

sacra Cereris summa majores nostri religione confici caerimoniaque voluerunt,

id. Balb. 24, 55; cf. id. Leg. 2, 22, 55:

in quibus erant omnia, quae sceleri propiora sunt quam religioni,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:

nec vero superstitione tollenda religio tollitur,

id. Div. 2, 72, 148; cf. id. Part. 23, 31:

medemini religioni sociorum, judices, conservate vestram. Neque enim haec externa vobis est religio (sc. Cereris) neque aliena, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 51, § 114:

istorum religio sacrorum,

id. Fl. 28, 69; id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 8, §

18: religio deorum immortalium,

id. Lael. 25, 96; cf.:

per deos immortales! eos ipsos, de quorum religione jam diu dicimus,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:

religio divum,

Lucr. 6, 1276:

mira quaedam totā Siciliā privatim ac publice religio est Cereris Hennensis... quantam esse religionem convenit eorum, apud quos eam (Cererem) natam esse constat?... tanta erit enim auctoritas illius religionis, ut, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 107; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 45, §

99: qui (Mercurius) apud eos summā religione coleretur,

id. ib. 2, 4, 39, § 84; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 39, § 85;

2, 4, 44, § 96: (simulacrum Dianae) translatum Carthaginem locum tantum hominesque mutarat: religionem quidem pristinam conservabat,

id. ib. 2, 4, 33, § 72; cf.

, of the same,

id. ib. 2, 4, 35, §

78: fanum Junonis tantā religione semper fuit, ut... semper inviolatum sanctumque fuit,

enjoyed such honor, was held in such reverence, id. ib. 2, 4, 46, § 103;

2, 4, 58, § 129: hac (panacea) evulsā scrobem repleri vario genere frugum religio est,

is a religious custom, Plin. 25, 4, 11, § 30; cf.:

et obrui tales religio est,

id. 30, 5, 14, § 42:

hi (barbari) ignari totius negotii ac religionis,

of religious belief, of religion, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77; cf.:

venit mihi fani, loci, religionis illius in mentem,

id. ib. 2, 4, 50, §

110: de religione queri,

id. ib. 2, 4, 51, § 113.—In late and eccl. Lat., a religious ordinance, ceremony, rite:

quae est ista religio?

Vulg. Exod. 12, 26:

ista est religio victimae,

id. Num. 19, 2.—In plur.:

expertes religionum omnium,

Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 119:

qui in bello religionum et consuetudinis jura continent,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 55, § 122; cf.:

a quibus (rebus) etiam oculos cohibere te religionum jura cogebant,

id. ib. 2, 4, 45, §

101: religiones expiare,

id. Mil. 27, 73:

ceterae (nationes) pro religionibus suis bella suscipiunt, istae contra omnium religiones,

id. Font. 9, 30: Druides religiones interpretantur, religious matters, religion, Caes. B. G. 6, 13:

scientia morum ac religionum ejus rei publicae,

Quint. 12, 3, 1:

civitas religionibus dedita,

Plin. Pan. 74, 5:

liberum a religionibus matutinum,

Col. 6, 2, 3.

Transf.

Subject., conscientiousness, scrupulousness arising from religion, religious scruples, scruples of conscience, religious awe, etc. (cf. sanctimonia):

refrenatus religione,

Lucr. 5, 1114:

oppressa gravi sub religione vita,

id. 1, 64:

sese cum summā religione, tum summo metu legum et judiciorum teneri,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 75; cf.:

ut eam non metus, non religio contineret,

id. ib. 2, 4, 45, §

101: memini perturbari exercitum nostrum religione et metu, quod serenā nocte subito candens et plena luna defecisset,

id. Rep. 1, 15, 23:

tantā religione obstricta tota provincia est, tanta superstitio ex istius facto mentes omnium Siculorum occupavit, ut, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 51, § 113; cf.:

obstrinxisti religione populum Romanum,

id. Phil. 2, 33, 83:

recitatis litteris oblata religio Cornuto est, etc.,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 3:

ad oblatam aliquam religionem,

id. Agr. 1, 2, 5:

non recordabantur, quam parvulae saepe causae vel falsae suspicionis vel terroris repentini vel objectae religionis magna detrimenta intulissent,

Caes. B. C. 3, 72:

obicere religionem,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 40; cf.:

inicere religionem alicui,

Cic. Caecin. 33, 97:

vide ne quid Catulus attulerit religionis,

id. de Or. 2, 90, 367:

Gracchus cum rem illam in religionem populo venisse sentiret, ad senatum retulit,

id. N. D. 2, 4, 10:

nec eam rem habuit religioni,

id. Div. 1, 35, 77:

ut quae religio C. Mario non fuerat, quo minus C. Glauciam praetorem occideret, eā nos religione in privato P. Lentulo puniendo liberaremur,

id. Cat. 3, 6, 15:

tunc quoque, ne confestim bellum indiceretur, religio obstitit,

Liv. 4, 30:

cum ibi quoque religio obstaret, ne, etc... augures consulti eam religionem eximere,

id. 4, 31:

cum plenā religione civitas esset,

id. 7, 28; 21, 62:

nihil esse mihi, religio'st dicere,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 16; cf.:

ut velut numine aliquo defensa castra oppugnare iterum, religio fuerit,

Liv. 2, 62; 6, 27:

rivos deducere nulla Religio vetuit (with fas et jura sinunt),

Verg. G. 1, 270:

nulla mihi Religio est,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 71:

nullā religione, ut scelus tegat, posse constrin gi,

Curt. 6, 7, 7:

quosdam religio ceperit ulterius quicquam eo die conandi,

Liv. 28, 15; cf.:

movendi inde thesauros incussa erat religio,

id. 29, 18:

religio fuit, denegare nolui,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 71.—In plur.: non demunt animis curas ac religiones Persarum montes, Varr. ap. Non. 379, 11:

artis Religionum animum nodis exsolvere,

Lucr. 1, 932; 4, 7:

religionibus atque minis obsistere vatum,

id. 1, 109:

plerique novas sibi ex loco religiones fingunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 37:

natio est omnis Gallorum admodum dedita religionibus,

id. ib. 6, 16:

religionibus impediri,

id. ib. 5, 6; Auct. B. Alex. 74; Phaedr. 4, 10, 4:

plenis religionum animis, prodigia insuper nunciata,

Liv. 41, 16:

nullus locus non religionum deorumque est plenus,

id. 5, 52, 2:

pontifices flaminesque neglegentiores publicarum religionum esse,

id. 5, 52, 5.—

Meton. ( effect. pro causā), a religious offence, giving rise to scruples of conscience:

ut si profectus non esset, nullā tamen mendacii religione obstrictus videretur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 11:

liberaret religione templum,

Liv. 45, 5:

se domumque religione exsolvere,

id. 5, 23.—In plur.:

inexpiabiles religiones in rem publicam inducere,

Cic. Phil. 1, 6, 13.—

In partic.: religio jurisjurandi, or absol., scrupulousness in the fulfilment of an oath, the obligation of an oath, plighted faith:

religione jurisjurandi ac metu deorum in testimoniis dicendis commoveri,

Cic. Font. 9, 20; so,

jurisjurandi,

Caes. B. C. 1, 76 fin.; 3, 28; cf.:

nec Achaeos religione obstringerent,

Liv. 39, 37; Just. 1, 9, 18; 18, 6, 11. — Absol., Caes. B. C. 2, 32:

nocturna proelia esse vitanda, quod perterritus miles in civili dissensione timori magis quam religioni consulere consuerit,

id. ib. 1, 67:

religionem servare,

Nep. Ages. 2, 5.—

In gen., a strict scrupulousness, anxiety, punctiliousness, conscientiousness, exactness, etc.: Atheniensium semper fuit prudens sincerumque judicium, nihil ut possent nisi incorruptum audire et elegans. Eorum religioni cum serviret orator, nullum verbum insolens, [p. 1557] nullum odiosum ponere audebat, Cic. Or. 8, 25; cf. id. ib. 11, 36; id. Brut. 82, 283:

fide et religione vitae defendi,

id. Deiot. 6, 16; cf.:

propter fidem et religionem judicis,

id. Rosc. Com. 15, 45; and:

testimoniorum religionem et fidem,

id. Fl. 4, 9:

homo sine ullā religione ac fide,

Nep. Chabr. 8, 2:

sin est in me ratio rei publicae, religio privati officii, etc.,

Cic. Sull. 3, 10; so,

officii,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 2:

religio in consilio dando,

id. Fam. 11, 29, 1:

alicujus facta ad antiquae religionis rationem exquirere,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 5, § 10; so,

antiqua,

id. Caecin. 10, 28:

nefas est religionem decipi judicantis,

Amm. 30, 4, 10.—In plur.:

judicum religiones,

Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 31.—

Object.

Abstr., the holiness, sacredness, sanctity inhering in any religious object (a deity, temple, utensils, etc.; cf.

sanctitas): quae (fortissimorum civium mentes) mihi videntur ex hominum vitā ad deorum religionem et sanctimoniam demigrasse,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 30:

propter singularem ejus fani religionem,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 96:

in sacerdotibus tanta offusa oculis animoque religio,

Liv. 2, 40, 3; so,

fani,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 110; id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

sacrarii,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5:

templorum,

Tac. H. 1, 40:

signi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127:

jam tum religio pavidos terrebat agrestes Dira loci,

Verg. A. 8, 349.—

Concr., an object of religious veneration, a sacred place or thing:

uno tempore Agrigentini beneficium Africani (sc. signum Apollinis), religionem domesticam, ornamentum urbis, etc.... requirebant,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 93; cf.:

religionem restituere,

id. ib. 2, 4, 36, §

80: sacrorum omnium et religionum hostis praedoque,

id. ib.; cf.:

praedo religionum,

id. ib. 2, 4, 43, §

95: quem tibi deum tantis eorum religionibus violatis auxilio futurum putas?

id. ib. 2, 4, 35, § 78; cf.:

est sceleris, quod religiones maximas violavit,

id. ib. 2, 4, 41, § 88.— Poet.:

quae religio aut quae machina belli, of the Trojan horse,

Verg. A. 2, 151.—

A system of religious belief, a religion (late Lat.):

Christiana,

Christianity, Eutr. 10, 16 fin.; Leo M. Serm. 66, 2 init.:

Christianam religionem absolutam et simplicem anili superstitione confundens,

Amm. 21, 16, 18; Lact. 5, 2, 8.

rĕlĭgĭo (in poetry also rellĭgĭo, to lengthen the first syllable), ōnis, f. [Concerning the etymology of this word, various opinions were prevalent among the ancients. Cicero (N. D. 2, 28, 72) derives it from relĕgere, an etymology favored by the verse cited ap. Gell. 4, 9, 1, religentem esse oportet, religiosum nefas; whereas Servius (ad Verg. A. 8, 349), Lactantius (4, 28), Augustine (Retract. 1, 13), al., assume religare as the primitive, and for this derivation Lactantius cites the expression of Lucretius (1, 931; 4, 7): religionum nodis animos exsolvere. Modern etymologists mostly agree with this latter view, assuming as root lig, to bind, whence also lic-tor, lex, and ligare; hence, religio sometimes means the same as obligatio; v. Corss. Aussprache, 1, 444 sq.; cf. Munro ad Lucr. 1, 109.]

Reverence for God ( the gods), the fear of God, connected with a careful pondering of divine things; piety, religion, both pure inward piety and that which is manifested in religious rites and ceremonies;

hence the rites and ceremonies, as well as the entire system of religion and worship, the res divinae or sacrae, were frequently called religio or religiones (cf. our use of the word religion): qui omnia, quae ad cultum deorum pertinerent, diligenter retractarent et tamquam relegerent, sunt dicti religiosi ex relegendo, ut elegantes ex elegendo, tamquam a diligendo diligentes, ex intellegendo intellegentes: his enim in verbis omnibus inest vis legendi eadem, quae in religioso,

Cic. N. D. 2, 28, 72:

religione id est cultu deorum,

id. ib. 2, 3, 8:

religio est, quae superioris cujusdam naturae (quam divinam vocant) curam caerimoniamque affert,

id. Inv. 2, 53, 161:

(Pompilius) animos ardentes consuetudine et cupiditate bellandi religionum caeremoniis mitigavit, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 14, 26;

with which cf.: illa diuturna pax Numae mater huic urbi juris et religionis fuit,

id. ib. 5, 2, 3:

de auguriis, responsis, religione denique omni,

Quint. 12, 2, 21:

unde enim pietas? aut a quibus religio?

Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2; cf. id. Leg. 2, 11, 26:

aliquem a pietate, religione deducere,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12:

horum sententiae omnium non modo superstitionem tollunt, in quā inest timor inanis deorum, sed etiam religionem, quae deorum cultu pio continetur, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 42, 117:

quis enim istas (Democriti) imagines... aut cultu aut religione dignas judicare?

id. ib. 1, 43, 121; cf.:

cum animus cultum deorum et puram religionem susceperit,

id. Leg. 1, 23, 60:

sacra Cereris summa majores nostri religione confici caerimoniaque voluerunt,

id. Balb. 24, 55; cf. id. Leg. 2, 22, 55:

in quibus erant omnia, quae sceleri propiora sunt quam religioni,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:

nec vero superstitione tollenda religio tollitur,

id. Div. 2, 72, 148; cf. id. Part. 23, 31:

medemini religioni sociorum, judices, conservate vestram. Neque enim haec externa vobis est religio (sc. Cereris) neque aliena, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 51, § 114:

istorum religio sacrorum,

id. Fl. 28, 69; id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 8, §

18: religio deorum immortalium,

id. Lael. 25, 96; cf.:

per deos immortales! eos ipsos, de quorum religione jam diu dicimus,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:

religio divum,

Lucr. 6, 1276:

mira quaedam totā Siciliā privatim ac publice religio est Cereris Hennensis... quantam esse religionem convenit eorum, apud quos eam (Cererem) natam esse constat?... tanta erit enim auctoritas illius religionis, ut, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 107; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 45, §

99: qui (Mercurius) apud eos summā religione coleretur,

id. ib. 2, 4, 39, § 84; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 39, § 85;

2, 4, 44, § 96: (simulacrum Dianae) translatum Carthaginem locum tantum hominesque mutarat: religionem quidem pristinam conservabat,

id. ib. 2, 4, 33, § 72; cf.

, of the same,

id. ib. 2, 4, 35, §

78: fanum Junonis tantā religione semper fuit, ut... semper inviolatum sanctumque fuit,

enjoyed such honor, was held in such reverence, id. ib. 2, 4, 46, § 103;

2, 4, 58, § 129: hac (panacea) evulsā scrobem repleri vario genere frugum religio est,

is a religious custom, Plin. 25, 4, 11, § 30; cf.:

et obrui tales religio est,

id. 30, 5, 14, § 42:

hi (barbari) ignari totius negotii ac religionis,

of religious belief, of religion, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77; cf.:

venit mihi fani, loci, religionis illius in mentem,

id. ib. 2, 4, 50, §

110: de religione queri,

id. ib. 2, 4, 51, § 113.—In late and eccl. Lat., a religious ordinance, ceremony, rite:

quae est ista religio?

Vulg. Exod. 12, 26:

ista est religio victimae,

id. Num. 19, 2.—In plur.:

expertes religionum omnium,

Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 119:

qui in bello religionum et consuetudinis jura continent,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 55, § 122; cf.:

a quibus (rebus) etiam oculos cohibere te religionum jura cogebant,

id. ib. 2, 4, 45, §

101: religiones expiare,

id. Mil. 27, 73:

ceterae (nationes) pro religionibus suis bella suscipiunt, istae contra omnium religiones,

id. Font. 9, 30: Druides religiones interpretantur, religious matters, religion, Caes. B. G. 6, 13:

scientia morum ac religionum ejus rei publicae,

Quint. 12, 3, 1:

civitas religionibus dedita,

Plin. Pan. 74, 5:

liberum a religionibus matutinum,

Col. 6, 2, 3.

Transf.

Subject., conscientiousness, scrupulousness arising from religion, religious scruples, scruples of conscience, religious awe, etc. (cf. sanctimonia):

refrenatus religione,

Lucr. 5, 1114:

oppressa gravi sub religione vita,

id. 1, 64:

sese cum summā religione, tum summo metu legum et judiciorum teneri,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 75; cf.:

ut eam non metus, non religio contineret,

id. ib. 2, 4, 45, §

101: memini perturbari exercitum nostrum religione et metu, quod serenā nocte subito candens et plena luna defecisset,

id. Rep. 1, 15, 23:

tantā religione obstricta tota provincia est, tanta superstitio ex istius facto mentes omnium Siculorum occupavit, ut, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 51, § 113; cf.:

obstrinxisti religione populum Romanum,

id. Phil. 2, 33, 83:

recitatis litteris oblata religio Cornuto est, etc.,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 3:

ad oblatam aliquam religionem,

id. Agr. 1, 2, 5:

non recordabantur, quam parvulae saepe causae vel falsae suspicionis vel terroris repentini vel objectae religionis magna detrimenta intulissent,

Caes. B. C. 3, 72:

obicere religionem,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 40; cf.:

inicere religionem alicui,

Cic. Caecin. 33, 97:

vide ne quid Catulus attulerit religionis,

id. de Or. 2, 90, 367:

Gracchus cum rem illam in religionem populo venisse sentiret, ad senatum retulit,

id. N. D. 2, 4, 10:

nec eam rem habuit religioni,

id. Div. 1, 35, 77:

ut quae religio C. Mario non fuerat, quo minus C. Glauciam praetorem occideret, eā nos religione in privato P. Lentulo puniendo liberaremur,

id. Cat. 3, 6, 15:

tunc quoque, ne confestim bellum indiceretur, religio obstitit,

Liv. 4, 30:

cum ibi quoque religio obstaret, ne, etc... augures consulti eam religionem eximere,

id. 4, 31:

cum plenā religione civitas esset,

id. 7, 28; 21, 62:

nihil esse mihi, religio'st dicere,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 16; cf.:

ut velut numine aliquo defensa castra oppugnare iterum, religio fuerit,

Liv. 2, 62; 6, 27:

rivos deducere nulla Religio vetuit (with fas et jura sinunt),

Verg. G. 1, 270:

nulla mihi Religio est,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 71:

nullā religione, ut scelus tegat, posse constrin gi,

Curt. 6, 7, 7:

quosdam religio ceperit ulterius quicquam eo die conandi,

Liv. 28, 15; cf.:

movendi inde thesauros incussa erat religio,

id. 29, 18:

religio fuit, denegare nolui,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 71.—In plur.: non demunt animis curas ac religiones Persarum montes, Varr. ap. Non. 379, 11:

artis Religionum animum nodis exsolvere,

Lucr. 1, 932; 4, 7:

religionibus atque minis obsistere vatum,

id. 1, 109:

plerique novas sibi ex loco religiones fingunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 37:

natio est omnis Gallorum admodum dedita religionibus,

id. ib. 6, 16:

religionibus impediri,

id. ib. 5, 6; Auct. B. Alex. 74; Phaedr. 4, 10, 4:

plenis religionum animis, prodigia insuper nunciata,

Liv. 41, 16:

nullus locus non religionum deorumque est plenus,

id. 5, 52, 2:

pontifices flaminesque neglegentiores publicarum religionum esse,

id. 5, 52, 5.—

Meton. ( effect. pro causā), a religious offence, giving rise to scruples of conscience:

ut si profectus non esset, nullā tamen mendacii religione obstrictus videretur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 11:

liberaret religione templum,

Liv. 45, 5:

se domumque religione exsolvere,

id. 5, 23.—In plur.:

inexpiabiles religiones in rem publicam inducere,

Cic. Phil. 1, 6, 13.—

In partic.: religio jurisjurandi, or absol., scrupulousness in the fulfilment of an oath, the obligation of an oath, plighted faith:

religione jurisjurandi ac metu deorum in testimoniis dicendis commoveri,

Cic. Font. 9, 20; so,

jurisjurandi,

Caes. B. C. 1, 76 fin.; 3, 28; cf.:

nec Achaeos religione obstringerent,

Liv. 39, 37; Just. 1, 9, 18; 18, 6, 11. — Absol., Caes. B. C. 2, 32:

nocturna proelia esse vitanda, quod perterritus miles in civili dissensione timori magis quam religioni consulere consuerit,

id. ib. 1, 67:

religionem servare,

Nep. Ages. 2, 5.—

In gen., a strict scrupulousness, anxiety, punctiliousness, conscientiousness, exactness, etc.: Atheniensium semper fuit prudens sincerumque judicium, nihil ut possent nisi incorruptum audire et elegans. Eorum religioni cum serviret orator, nullum verbum insolens, [p. 1557] nullum odiosum ponere audebat, Cic. Or. 8, 25; cf. id. ib. 11, 36; id. Brut. 82, 283:

fide et religione vitae defendi,

id. Deiot. 6, 16; cf.:

propter fidem et religionem judicis,

id. Rosc. Com. 15, 45; and:

testimoniorum religionem et fidem,

id. Fl. 4, 9:

homo sine ullā religione ac fide,

Nep. Chabr. 8, 2:

sin est in me ratio rei publicae, religio privati officii, etc.,

Cic. Sull. 3, 10; so,

officii,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 2:

religio in consilio dando,

id. Fam. 11, 29, 1:

alicujus facta ad antiquae religionis rationem exquirere,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 5, § 10; so,

antiqua,

id. Caecin. 10, 28:

nefas est religionem decipi judicantis,

Amm. 30, 4, 10.—In plur.:

judicum religiones,

Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 31.—

Object.

Abstr., the holiness, sacredness, sanctity inhering in any religious object (a deity, temple, utensils, etc.; cf.

sanctitas): quae (fortissimorum civium mentes) mihi videntur ex hominum vitā ad deorum religionem et sanctimoniam demigrasse,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 30:

propter singularem ejus fani religionem,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 96:

in sacerdotibus tanta offusa oculis animoque religio,

Liv. 2, 40, 3; so,

fani,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 110; id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

sacrarii,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5:

templorum,

Tac. H. 1, 40:

signi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127:

jam tum religio pavidos terrebat agrestes Dira loci,

Verg. A. 8, 349.—

Concr., an object of religious veneration, a sacred place or thing:

uno tempore Agrigentini beneficium Africani (sc. signum Apollinis), religionem domesticam, ornamentum urbis, etc.... requirebant,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 93; cf.:

religionem restituere,

id. ib. 2, 4, 36, §

80: sacrorum omnium et religionum hostis praedoque,

id. ib.; cf.:

praedo religionum,

id. ib. 2, 4, 43, §

95: quem tibi deum tantis eorum religionibus violatis auxilio futurum putas?

id. ib. 2, 4, 35, § 78; cf.:

est sceleris, quod religiones maximas violavit,

id. ib. 2, 4, 41, § 88.— Poet.:

quae religio aut quae machina belli, of the Trojan horse,

Verg. A. 2, 151.—

A system of religious belief, a religion (late Lat.):

Christiana,

Christianity, Eutr. 10, 16 fin.; Leo M. Serm. 66, 2 init.:

Christianam religionem absolutam et simplicem anili superstitione confundens,

Amm. 21, 16, 18; Lact. 5, 2, 8.

rĕor, rătus, 2 (2 pers. pres. rere, Plaut. As. 3, 1, 22; id. Ep. 3, 4, 45; id. Trin. 2, 4, 13; Verg. A. 3, 381; 7, 437; Hor. S. 1, 9, 49: reris, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 9; Verg. A. 6, 97; Hor. S. 2, 3, 134), v. dep. a. [etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. rta, correct; Zend, areta, complete; Gr. aretê, valor].

To reckon, calculate; v. infra, P. a.—Hence, by a usual transfer (like censere, putare, existimare, etc.),—

To believe, think, suppose, imagine, judge, deem (class.; esp. freq. in the poets; cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 153;

not in Cæs.: horridum reor,

Quint. 8, 3, 26; cf.: opinor, arbitror, credo, censeo).

With obj.-clause:

hoc servi esse officium reor,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 7; so,

reor,

id. Ep. 3, 4, 49; id. Pers. 2, 1, 2; id. Rud. 4, 2, 21; id. Truc. 2, 7, 16; Lucr. 5, 1419; Verg. A. 4, 45; 5, 24; 7, 273; 370; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 70; Ov. M. 1, 394; 11, 438; 12, 505; Quint. 2, 16, 9 al.: reris and rere, v. supra:

retur,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 17; id. Ep. 3, 2, 32; id. Mil. 3, 1, 119; id. Truc. 1, 1, 72; Stat. Th. 11, 59:

remur,

Plaut. As. Grex. 6; Cic. Off. 2, 9, 32:

remini,

Arn. 4, 146:

rentur,

Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 20; id. Mil. 2, 6, 7; Lucr. 1, 155; 6, 91; Cic. Top. 20, 78; Liv. 1, 59; 5, 3; 24, 37; 40, 5 fin. Drak.:

rebar,

Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 5; Cic. de Or. 3, 22, 82; Verg. A. 6, 690; Ov. M. 13, 497; 14, 203:

rebare,

Cic. Att. 14, 8, 1:

rebatur,

id. Ac. 1, 7, 26; id. Att. 7, 3, 10; Liv. 9, 3; 27, 25; 30, 9 al.:

rebamur,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 43:

rebantur,

Cic. N. D. 3, 6, 15; Liv. 1, 26; 3, 41; 4, 1 et saep.:

rebor,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 303:

rebitur,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 28:

rear,

id. Most. 1, 3, 2; Cat. 63, 55; Verg. A. 9, 253:

rearis,

Lucr. 1, 80; 2, 731; 5, 114; 247; 6, 536 al.: reare, Caecil. ap. Gell. 617, 13:

reamur,

Lucr. 2, 952; 4, 37; 5, 78;

6, 764: reantur,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 34:

ratus sum, etc., sim, etc.,

id. As. 5, 2, 11; id. Capt. 2, 2, 6; id. Ep. 4, 2, 26 al.; Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 21; Verg. A. 2, 25; Ov. M. 4, 674; 5, 203; 7, 841 al.; Sall. C. 48, 5; 55, 1; Liv. 2, 27; 3, 2; Quint. 11, 3, 31; 12, 10, 5 et saep. al.—

Absol., Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 4:

quos quidem plures, quam rebar, esse cognovi,

Cic. Div. 2, 2, 5:

jam illud mali plus nobis vivit quam ratae (sc. sumus),

Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 32:

ut reor a facie, Calliopea fuit,

Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 38:

ut rebare, Venus (nec te sententia fallit) Trojanas sustentat opes,

Verg. A. 10, 608:

ut potius reor,

id. ib. 12, 188:

atque, ut ipse rebatur viam suāpte naturā difficilem inexpugnabilem fecit,

Liv. 31, 39, 9:

nam, reor, non ullis, si vita longior daretur, posset esse jucundior,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 94.—Hence, ră-tus, a, um, P. a., pass., reckoned, calculated, fixed by calculation; hence, fixed, settled, established, firm, unalterable, sure, certain, valid, etc. (class.):

quod modo erat ratum inritumst,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (7), 58:

neu quod egissem esset ratum,

id. Hec. 4, 1, 30:

rata et certa spatia definire,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:

motus (stellarum) constantes et rati,

id. N. D. 2, 20, 51:

astrorum rati immutabilesque cursus,

id. ib. 2, 37, 95;

2, 38, 97: si nihil fieri potest, nisi quod ab omni aeternitate certum fuerit esse futurum rato tempore,

id. Div. 2, 7, 19; 2, 30, 63:

jussum ratum atque firmum,

id. Caecin. 33, 96:

decretum stabile, fixum, ratum esse debeat,

id. Ac. 2, 9, 27:

illud certum, ratum, firmum, fixum vis,

id. ib. 2, 46, 141:

censorias subscriptiones omnes fixas et in perpetuum ratas putet esse,

id. Clu. 47, 132; cf.:

ut amicitia societasque nostra in aeternum rata sit,

Tac. H. 4, 64:

cujus tribunatus si ratus est, nihil est, quod irritum possit esse,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; cf.

so, opp. irritus,

id. Phil. 5, 7, 21; cf.

ratosne habeant an vanos pectoris orsus, id. poët. Div. 2, 30, 63: testamenta (opp. rupta),

id. de Or. 1, 38, 173:

populi comitia ne essent rata, nisi, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 32, 56:

ut Faustae, cui cautum ille voluisset, ratum esset,

id. Att. 5, 8, 2: neque ratum est quod dicas, Att. ap. Fest. p. 228; Nep. Att. 10, 1:

dixerat idque ratum Stygii per flumina Annuit,

Verg. A, 9, 104:

si haec Turno rata vita maneret,

id. ib. 10, 629:

rata sint sua visa precatur,

may be fulfilled, accomplished, Ov. M. 9, 702; 9, 474; 14, 815; 3, 341; id. H. 15 (16), 15; id. F. 1, 696; 3, 77; id. P. 2, 5, 3; cf.:

(ebrietas) spes jubet esse ratas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 17:

pax,

Sall. J. 112, 3:

fides et vox,

Ov. M. 3, 341; id. Tr. 3, 10, 36:

dicta,

id. F. 2, 488.— Sup.: beneficia ratissima atque gratissima, Cato ap. Fest. pp. 286 and 287 Müll. — Poet., transf., of a person: occiduntur: ubi potitur ratu' Romulu' praedam, the resolved, determined (syn. certus), Enn. ap. Fest. p. 274 Müll. (Ann. v. 78 Vahl.). —Hence,

In particular connections.

Pro ratā parte (portione), secundum ratam partem, and absol., pro ratā, according to a certain part, i. e. in proportion, proportionally:

militibus agros ex suis possessionibus pollicetur, quaterna in singulos jugera, et pro ratā parte centurionibus evocatisque,

Caes. B. C. 1, 17 fin.; cf.:

pro ratā parte,

Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18 Mos. N. cr.:

perinde ut cuique data sunt pro ratā parte,

id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94:

utinam ex omni senatu pro rata parte esset!

id. Rep. 2, 40, 67:

decumam partem relinqui placet, si plenae fuerint alvi, si minus, pro ratā portione,

Plin. 11, 15, 15, § 40:

item secundum ratam partem ex altitudine columnarum expediendae sunt altitudines epistyliorum,

Vitr. 3, 3 med.:

tantum pediti daturum fuisse credunt, et pro ratā aliis, si, etc.,

Liv. 45, 40; so Capitol. M. Aur. 7, and often in the Digests.—

Ratum aliquid facere (efficere) habere, ducere, also ratum alicui esse, to make or account any thing fixed or valid; to confirm, ratify, approve: quid augur (habet), cur a dextrā corvus a sinistrā cornix faciat ratum? make a confirmatory, i. e. a favorable augury, Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

parens nati rata verba Fecit,

i. e. fulfilled, Ov. M. 4, 387:

juvenes cum avum regem salutassent, secuta ex omni multitudine consentiens vox ratum nomen imperiumque regi effecit,

Liv. 1, 6:

efficiant ratas, utraque diva preces,

Ov. F. 1, 696:

quae nobis imperatores commoda tribuerunt, ea rata atque perpetua auctoritate vestrā faciatis,

Liv. 28, 39, 16: eos ratum habere judicium, si totum corruptum sit;

si unus accusator corruptus sit, rescindere,

Cic. Part. Or. 36, 125; so,

ratum habere,

id. Rosc. Com. 1, 3; id. Att. 14, 21, 2; id. N. D. 1, 5, 10: Atteius Capito ap. Gell. 13, 12, 2; cf.:

(fata) ratosne habeant an vanos pectoris orsus, Cic. poët. Div. 2, 30, 63: cavere de rato,

Dig. 3, 4, 6, § 3:

qui non duxerint societatem ratam, ubi nec divini quicquam nec humani sanctum esset,

Liv. 27, 17 fin.:

ista ipsa, quae te emisse scribis, non solum rata mihi erunt, sed etiam grata,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1.—

Rarely, ratum servare: quaeris an quod gessit ratum servum. Ego vero servo,

Plin. Ep. 7, 11, 1.

25, 12, for the corrupted curata auctoritas eventu of the MS., read cum rato auctoritas eventu; v. Weissenb. ad h. l.

rustĭcus, a, um, adj. [rus], of or belonging to the country, rural, rustic, country- (very freq. and class.; syn. agrestis; opp. urbanus).

Lit.:

vita,

Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 1; cf.:

vita haec rustica, quam tu agrestem vocas,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

duae vitae hominum, rustica et urbana,

id. ib. 17, 48:

Romani (opp. urbani),

Varr. R. R. 2, praef. § 1; cf. plebes (opp. urbana), Col. praef. § 17;

praedia,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 42:

hortus,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 15:

instrumentum,

Phaedr. 4, 4, 24:

opus,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 90:

res,

Cic. de Or. 1, 16, 69; 1, 58, 249;

Col. praef. § 19 sq.: homo (with agricola),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 143; id. N. D. 3, 5, 11:

colona,

Ov. F. 2, 645; cf.

Phidyle,

Hor. C. 3, 23, 2:

mus (opp. urbanus),

id. S. 2, 6, 80; 115:

gallinae,

heathcocks, Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 16; Col. 8, 2, 1 sq. (cf. infra, B. 2. b.):

numina,

Ov. M. 1, 192:

fistula,

id. ib. 8, 191:

sedulitas,

id. F. 6, 534:

regna,

id. H. 4, 132:

opprobria versibus alternis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 146:

carcer,

Juv. 14, 24.—

ru-stĭcus, i, m., a countryman, rustic, peasant; in plur.: rustici, country people, rustics:

urbani fiunt rustici, etc.,

Plaut. Mere. 4, 3, 15 sq.:

omnes urbani, rustici,

Cic. Fin. 2, 23, 77; cf. id. Or. 24, 81;

semper occant prius quam sarriunt rustici,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 5; id. Most. 5, 1, 28; Col. 2, 4, 8; 9, 10 et saep.—In sing., Ov. M. 2, 699; Hor. Epod. 2, 68; id. Ep. 1, 7, 83; 2, 2, 39; Vulg. Sap. 17, 16.—