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61 cast
1. n бросок; швырок2. n бросание, метание; забрасывание; закидка3. n расстояние броска; расстояние, пройденное брошенным предметом4. n метание5. n число выброшенных очков6. n шанс, риск7. n определённое количество; количество добываемого или производимого продукта; выход8. n то, что отбрасывается, выбрасывается или сбрасывается9. n отбросы10. n рвотная масса, блевотина11. n экскременты12. n театр. кино13. n распределение ролей14. n состав исполнителей; актёрский состав15. n список действующих лиц и исполнителейcast off the high bar — отмах назад в вис из упора на в.ж.
16. n образец, образчик17. n подсчёт; вычисление18. n амер. догадка, предположение19. n амер. предсказание; прогнозсклад ; тип, род
20. n амер. взгляд; выражение глаз21. n амер. лёгкое косоглазие22. n амер. оттенокgreenish cast — зеленоватый оттенок, прозелень
23. n амер. слепок24. n амер. мед. гипсовая повязка; шина25. n тех. литьё, отливка26. n тех. форма для отливки27. n тех. плавка28. n тех. спец. место, годное для ужения рыбыto stake on a cast — поставить на карту, рискнуть
29. v бросать, кидать, швырятьto cast a shoe — расковаться, потерять подкову
to cast the lead — бросать лот, мерить глубину лотом
cast off — бросать, покидать
30. v метать31. v разбрасывать32. v сбрасывать33. v уволить; прогнать; отпустить34. v мор. отдавать35. v мор. отваливать36. v мор. браковать37. v мор. тех. отливать, лить38. v мор. юр. присуждать к уплате убытков39. v редк. обдумывать, размышлять40. v редк. делать предположения, строить догадки41. v редк. предсказыватьСинонимический ряд:1. appearance (noun) appearance; demeanor; demeanour; guise; looks; mien; semblance2. cast of characters (noun) actors; cast of characters; casting; character; players; roles3. characters (noun) characters; company; performers4. computation (noun) addition; calculation; computation5. copy (noun) copy; facsimile; replica; reproduction6. fling (noun) chuck; fling; hurl; launch; lob; pitch; sling; throw; toss7. form (noun) configuration; conformation; figure; form; format; matrix; pattern; shape8. fortune (noun) conjecture; fortune; lot; prophesy; twist; warp9. hint (noun) breath; color; colour; complexion; dash; hint; hue; intimation; lick; shade; shadow; smack; smatch; smell; soupcon; spice; sprinkling; strain; streak; suggestion; suspicion; taste; tincture; tinge; tint; tone; touch; trace; trifle; twang; vein; whiff; whisper; wink10. inclination (noun) bent; inclination; leaning; proclivity; propensity; tendency; trend; turn11. look (noun) aspect; countenance; expression; face; look; visage12. prediction (noun) forecast; foretelling; oracle; prediction; prevision; prognosis; prognostication; prophecy; weird13. type (noun) breed; class; cut; description; die; fashion; feather; ilk; kidney; kind; mold; nature; order; persuasion; sort; species; stamp; stripe; style; type; variety; way14. add (verb) add; foot; sum; summate; tot; total; totalize; tote15. added (verb) added; figured; footed; summed; totaled or totalled; totalized; toted; totted16. bestow (verb) allot; appoint; bestow; designate; determine; impart; name; pick17. calculate (verb) calculate; cipher; compute; figure; forecast; predict; reckon18. cast down (verb) cast down; cause to fall; defeat; eliminate; overwhelm; reject; throw down19. cast off (verb) abandon; cast off; lay aside; set aside; slough; throw off20. diffuse (verb) diffuse; disperse; scatter; spread21. direct (verb) address; aim; direct; head; incline; lay; level; point; present; train; turn; zero in22. directed (verb) addressed; aimed; directed; headed; inclined; laid; leveled or levelled; pointed; presented; set; trained; turned; zeroed in23. discard (verb) abdicate; cashier; chuck; discard; ditch; dump; jettison; junk; scrap; shuck off; throw away; throw out; wash out24. discarded (verb) abdicated; chucked; discarded; ditched; dumped; jettisoned; junked; laid aside; rejected; scrapped; shucked off; sloughed; threw away/thrown away; threw out/thrown out; washed out25. emit (verb) discharge; eject; emit; spatter; spew forth; strew26. form (verb) form; mold; sculpt; shape27. plan (verb) arrange; blueprint; chart; contrive; design; devise; draw up; frame; plan; project28. planned (verb) arranged; charted; designed; devised; planned; projected29. project (verb) irradiate; project; radiate; shed; threw30. threw/thrown (verb) fired; heaved or hove; hurled; launched; pitched; threw/thrown; tossed31. throw (verb) catapult; fire; fling; flung; heap; heave; hove; hurl; launch; lob; pitch; shied; sling; slung; throw; thrust; tossАнтонимический ряд:approve; break; carry; deformity; dislocate; dismember; dissipate; elevate; erect; ignore; malformation; miscalculate; raise; recover -
62 Knowledge
It is indeed an opinion strangely prevailing amongst men, that houses, mountains, rivers, and, in a word, all sensible objects, have an existence, natural or real, distinct from their being perceived by the understanding. But, with how great an assurance and acquiescence soever this principle may be entertained in the world, yet whoever shall find in his heart to call it into question may, if I mistake not, perceive it to involve a manifest contradiction. For, what are the forementioned objects but things we perceive by sense? and what do we perceive besides our own ideas or sensations? and is it not plainly repugnant that any one of these, or any combination of them, should exist unperceived? (Berkeley, 1996, Pt. I, No. 4, p. 25)It seems to me that the only objects of the abstract sciences or of demonstration are quantity and number, and that all attempts to extend this more perfect species of knowledge beyond these bounds are mere sophistry and illusion. As the component parts of quantity and number are entirely similar, their relations become intricate and involved; and nothing can be more curious, as well as useful, than to trace, by a variety of mediums, their equality or inequality, through their different appearances.But as all other ideas are clearly distinct and different from each other, we can never advance farther, by our utmost scrutiny, than to observe this diversity, and, by an obvious reflection, pronounce one thing not to be another. Or if there be any difficulty in these decisions, it proceeds entirely from the undeterminate meaning of words, which is corrected by juster definitions. That the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the squares of the other two sides cannot be known, let the terms be ever so exactly defined, without a train of reasoning and enquiry. But to convince us of this proposition, that where there is no property, there can be no injustice, it is only necessary to define the terms, and explain injustice to be a violation of property. This proposition is, indeed, nothing but a more imperfect definition. It is the same case with all those pretended syllogistical reasonings, which may be found in every other branch of learning, except the sciences of quantity and number; and these may safely, I think, be pronounced the only proper objects of knowledge and demonstration. (Hume, 1975, Sec. 12, Pt. 3, pp. 163-165)Our knowledge springs from two fundamental sources of the mind; the first is the capacity of receiving representations (the ability to receive impressions), the second is the power to know an object through these representations (spontaneity in the production of concepts).Through the first, an object is given to us; through the second, the object is thought in relation to that representation.... Intuition and concepts constitute, therefore, the elements of all our knowledge, so that neither concepts without intuition in some way corresponding to them, nor intuition without concepts, can yield knowledge. Both may be either pure or empirical.... Pure intuitions or pure concepts are possible only a priori; empirical intuitions and empirical concepts only a posteriori. If the receptivity of our mind, its power of receiving representations in so far as it is in any way affected, is to be called "sensibility," then the mind's power of producing representations from itself, the spontaneity of knowledge, should be called "understanding." Our nature is so constituted that our intuitions can never be other than sensible; that is, it contains only the mode in which we are affected by objects. The faculty, on the other hand, which enables us to think the object of sensible intuition is the understanding.... Without sensibility, no object would be given to us; without understanding, no object would be thought. Thoughts without content are empty; intuitions without concepts are blind. It is therefore just as necessary to make our concepts sensible, that is, to add the object to them in intuition, as to make our intuitions intelligible, that is to bring them under concepts. These two powers or capacities cannot exchange their functions. The understanding can intuit nothing, the senses can think nothing. Only through their union can knowledge arise. (Kant, 1933, Sec. 1, Pt. 2, B74-75 [p. 92])Metaphysics, as a natural disposition of Reason is real, but it is also, in itself, dialectical and deceptive.... Hence to attempt to draw our principles from it, and in their employment to follow this natural but none the less fallacious illusion can never produce science, but only an empty dialectical art, in which one school may indeed outdo the other, but none can ever attain a justifiable and lasting success. In order that, as a science, it may lay claim not merely to deceptive persuasion, but to insight and conviction, a Critique of Reason must exhibit in a complete system the whole stock of conceptions a priori, arranged according to their different sources-the Sensibility, the understanding, and the Reason; it must present a complete table of these conceptions, together with their analysis and all that can be deduced from them, but more especially the possibility of synthetic knowledge a priori by means of their deduction, the principles of its use, and finally, its boundaries....This much is certain: he who has once tried criticism will be sickened for ever of all the dogmatic trash he was compelled to content himself with before, because his Reason, requiring something, could find nothing better for its occupation. Criticism stands to the ordinary school metaphysics exactly in the same relation as chemistry to alchemy, or as astron omy to fortune-telling astrology. I guarantee that no one who has comprehended and thought out the conclusions of criticism, even in these Prolegomena, will ever return to the old sophistical pseudo-science. He will rather look forward with a kind of pleasure to a metaphysics, certainly now within his power, which requires no more preparatory discoveries, and which alone can procure for reason permanent satisfaction. (Kant, 1891, pp. 115-116)Knowledge is only real and can only be set forth fully in the form of science, in the form of system. Further, a so-called fundamental proposition or first principle of philosophy, even if it is true, it is yet none the less false, just because and in so far as it is merely a fundamental proposition, merely a first principle. It is for that reason easily refuted. The refutation consists in bringing out its defective character; and it is defective because it is merely the universal, merely a principle, the beginning. If the refutation is complete and thorough, it is derived and developed from the nature of the principle itself, and not accomplished by bringing in from elsewhere other counter-assurances and chance fancies. It would be strictly the development of the principle, and thus the completion of its deficiency, were it not that it misunderstands its own purport by taking account solely of the negative aspect of what it seeks to do, and is not conscious of the positive character of its process and result. The really positive working out of the beginning is at the same time just as much the very reverse: it is a negative attitude towards the principle we start from. Negative, that is to say, in its one-sided form, which consists in being primarily immediate, a mere purpose. It may therefore be regarded as a refutation of what constitutes the basis of the system; but more correctly it should be looked at as a demonstration that the basis or principle of the system is in point of fact merely its beginning. (Hegel, 1910, pp. 21-22)Knowledge, action, and evaluation are essentially connected. The primary and pervasive significance of knowledge lies in its guidance of action: knowing is for the sake of doing. And action, obviously, is rooted in evaluation. For a being which did not assign comparative values, deliberate action would be pointless; and for one which did not know, it would be impossible. Conversely, only an active being could have knowledge, and only such a being could assign values to anything beyond his own feelings. A creature which did not enter into the process of reality to alter in some part the future content of it, could apprehend a world only in the sense of intuitive or esthetic contemplation; and such contemplation would not possess the significance of knowledge but only that of enjoying and suffering. (Lewis, 1946, p. 1)"Evolutionary epistemology" is a branch of scholarship that applies the evolutionary perspective to an understanding of how knowledge develops. Knowledge always involves getting information. The most primitive way of acquiring it is through the sense of touch: amoebas and other simple organisms know what happens around them only if they can feel it with their "skins." The knowledge such an organism can have is strictly about what is in its immediate vicinity. After a huge jump in evolution, organisms learned to find out what was going on at a distance from them, without having to actually feel the environment. This jump involved the development of sense organs for processing information that was farther away. For a long time, the most important sources of knowledge were the nose, the eyes, and the ears. The next big advance occurred when organisms developed memory. Now information no longer needed to be present at all, and the animal could recall events and outcomes that happened in the past. Each one of these steps in the evolution of knowledge added important survival advantages to the species that was equipped to use it.Then, with the appearance in evolution of humans, an entirely new way of acquiring information developed. Up to this point, the processing of information was entirely intrasomatic.... But when speech appeared (and even more powerfully with the invention of writing), information processing became extrasomatic. After that point knowledge did not have to be stored in the genes, or in the memory traces of the brain; it could be passed on from one person to another through words, or it could be written down and stored on a permanent substance like stone, paper, or silicon chips-in any case, outside the fragile and impermanent nervous system. (Csikszentmihalyi, 1993, pp. 56-57)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Knowledge
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63 контур
1) General subject: contour, cut-out, cutout, figuration, line, outline, pattern (заводнения, дренажа), periphery, profile, round, tournure2) Naval: form line3) Medicine: boundary4) Engineering: edge, flow section, form, gabarit, keyline (изображения), network5) Construction: encroachment line (воды), ambit6) Mathematics: closed path, contour line, cycle progression, directed circuit (in a graph), profile line, wire circuit7) Architecture: lineament8) Road works: edge (изображения)9) Polygraphy: package opening, package opening (машины для обвязки), trace10) Topography: form-line11) Electronics: circuit, closed loop, mesh12) Information technology: bounding box, cycle, keyline (изображения на дисплее), loop, path, tank (колебательный)13) Oil: areal limits (нефтеносности), pattern (заводнения)14) Astronautics: ambitus15) Cartography: limit, traverse sketch16) Geophysics: coil18) Mechanics: streamline19) Business: cut20) Drilling: configuration21) Sakhalin energy glossary: elevation22) Automation: shape, silhouette23) Robots: edge (объекта на изображении), edging (объекта на изображении), outline (объекта на изображении)24) Sakhalin A: loop (elect.)26) General subject: circuit (в гидравлике)27) Makarov: circuit (колебательный), circuit (цепь, схема), circuit (эл., радио), contour (очертание), lines (корабля и т.п.), loop (в системе управления), loop (схемы), loop (цепь, схема), offset, out-line (очертание), profile (спектральной линии), skeleton, sketch28) Gold mining: shell29) Electricity: curcuit30) Electrical engineering: contour (напр. в электрической цепи)31) Printed circuits: footprint (контур рисунка контактной площадки поверхностного монтажа, который будет занимать компонент в сборке)32) General subject: encroachment line (водоёма) -
64 निर् _nir
निर् ind. A substitute for निस् before vowels and soft consonants conveying the senses of 'out of', 'away from'. 'without', 'free from', and be frequently expressed by 'less', 'un', used with the noun; see the compounds given below; see निस् and cf. अ also.-Comp. -अंश a.1 whole, entire.-2 not entitled to any share of the ancestral property.-अक्षः the place of no latitute; i. e. the terrestrial equator (in astronomy). ˚देशः1 a first meridian, as Laṅkā.-2 a place where the sun is always vertical and the days and nights are equal.-3 the equatorial region.-अक्षर a. Not knowing the letters, illiterate.-अग्नि a. having lost or neg- lected the consecrated fire; स संन्यासी च योगी च न निरग्निर्न चाक्रियः Bg.6.1.-अग्र (क) a. divisible without remain- der.-अङ्कुश a. 'not curbed by a hook', unchecked, uncontrolled; unruly, independent, completely free, unfettered; निरङ्कुश इव द्विपः Bhāg.; कामो निकामनिरङ्कुशः Gīt.7; निरङ्कुशाः कवयः Sk.; Bh.3.15; Mv.3.39; विनयरुचयः सदैव निरङ्कुशाः Mu.3.6. ˚ता self-will, indepen- dence.-अघ a. sinless, blameless.-अङ्ग a.1 having no parts.-2 deprived of expedients or resources.-अजिन a. skinless.-अञ्जन a.1 without collyrium; निरञ्जने साचिविलोलिकं दृशौ Ki.8.52.-2 unstained, untinged.-3 free from falsehood; तदा विद्वान् पुण्यपापे विधूय निरञ्जनं परमं साम्यमुपैति Munda 3.1.3.-4 simple, artless.(-नः) 1 an epithet of Śiva.-2 N. of the Supreme Being.(-ना) 1 the day of full moon.-2 an epithet of Durgā.-अतिशय a. unsurpassed, matchless, un- rivalled; निरतिशयं गरिमाणं तेन जनन्याः स्मरन्ति विद्वांसः Pt.1.3. (-यः) the Supreme Being.-अत्यय a.1 free from danger, secure, safe; तद्भवान् वृत्तसंपन्नः स्थितः पथि निरत्यये Rām.4.29.12; R.17.53.-2 free from fault, unblamable, faultless, disinterested; Ki.1.12, शक्तिरर्थपतिषु स्वयंग्रहं प्रेम कारयति वा निरत्ययम् 13.61.-3 com- pletely successful.-अधिष्ठान a.1 supportless.-2 in- dependent.-अध्व a. one who has lost one's way.-अनुक्रोश a. pitiless, merciless, hard-hearted. (-शः) mercilessness, hard-heartedness.-अनुग a. having no followers.-अनुग्रह a. Ungracious, unkind; Bhāg.5. 12.7.-अनुनासिक a. not nasal.-अनुमान a. not bound to conclusions or consequences.-अनुयोज्य a. unblamable, faultless.-अनुरोध a.1 unfavourable, unfriendly.-2 unkind, unamiable; Māl.1.-अन्तर a.-1 constant, perpetual, uninterrupted, incessant; निरन्त- राधिपटलैः Bv.1.16; निरन्तरास्वन्तरवातवृष्टिषु Ku.5.25.-2 having no intervening or intermediate space, having no interval, close, closely contiguous, in close contact; मूढे निरन्तरपयोधरया मयैव Mk.5.15; हृदयं निरन्तरबृहत्कठिनस्तन- मण्डलावरणमप्यभिदन् Śi.9.66.-3 compact, dense; परितो रुद्धनिरन्तराम्बराः Śi.16.76.-4 coarse, gross.-5 faithful, true (as a friend).-6 not hidden from view.-7 not different, similar, identical.-8 sincere, sympathetic; सुहृदि निरन्तरचित्ते (निवेद्य दुःखं सुखीभवति) Pt.1.341.-9 abounding in, full of; निपात्यमानैर्ददृशे निरन्तरम् Rām.7.7. 54; गुणैश्च निरन्तराणि Mv.4.12. (-रम्) ind.1 without interruption, constantly, continually, incessantly.-2 without intervening space or interval.-3 closely, tightly, firmly; (परिष्वजस्व) कान्तैरिदं मम निरन्तरमङ्गमङ्गैः Ve.3.27; परिष्वजेते शयने निरन्तरम् Ṛs.2.11.-4 immedia- tely. ˚अभ्यासः constant study, diligent exercise or pra- ctice.-अन्तराल a.1 without an intervening space, close.-2 narrow.-अन्धस् a. foodless, hungry.-अन्वय a.1 having no progeny, childless.-2 unconnected, unrelated; Ms.8.198.-3 not agreeing with the con- text (as a word in a sentence).-4 without logical connection or regular sequence, unmethodical.-5 without being seen, out of sight; निरन्वयं भवेत् स्तेयम् Ms.8. 332.-6 without retinue, unaccompanied, see अन्वय.-7 sudden, unexpected; U.7.-8 exterminatory, without leaving any species or trace; प्रागाधारनिरन्वयप्रमथनादुच्छेदमे- वाकरोः... Mv.3.13; (com. नाशो द्विविधः--स्वान्वयविनाशः, निरन्वयविनाशश्चेति......निर्वापणादिना सजातीयज्वालोदयानर्हविनाशस्तु निरन्वयविनाशः ।).-अपत्रप a.1 shameless, impudent.-2 bold.-अपराध a. guiltless, innocent, faultless, blame- less. (-धः) innocence.-अपवर्त a.1 not turning back.-2 (in arith.) leaving no common divisor, reduced to the lowest terms.-अपवाद a.1 blameless.-2 not admitting of any exception.-अपाय a.1 free from harm or evil.-2 free from decay, imperishable.-3 infallible; उपायो निरपायो$यमस्माभिरभिचिन्तितः Rām.1.1.2.-अपेक्ष a.1 not depending on, irrespective or independent of, having no need of (with loc.); न्यायनिर्णीतसारत्वा- न्निरपेक्षमिवागमे Ki.11.39.-2 disregarding, taking no notice of.-3 free from desire, secure; निरपेक्षो न कर्तव्यो भृत्यैः स्वामी कदाचन H.2.82.-4 careless, negligent, indifferent-5 indifferent to worldly attachments or pursuits; समुपोढेषु कामेषु निरपेक्षः परिव्रजेत् Ms.6.41.-6 disinterested, not expecting any reward from another; दिशि दिशि निरपेक्ष- स्तावकीनं विवृण्वन् Bv.1.5.-7 without purpose. (-क्षा) indifference, disregard.-अपेक्षित a.1 disregarded.-2 regardless.-अपेक्षिन् a. disregarding, indifferent.-अभिभव a.1 not subject to humiliation or disgrace.-2 not to be surpassed, unrivalled.-अभिमान a.1 free from self-conceit, devoid of pride or egotism.-2 void of self-respect.-3 unconscious.-अभिलाष a. not caring for, indifferent to; स्वसुखनिरभिलाषः खिद्यसे लोकहेतोः Ś.5.7.-अभिसंधानम् absence of design.-अभ्र a. cloudless.-अमर्ष a.1 void of anger, patient.-2 apa- thetic.-अम्बर a. naked.-अम्बु a.1 abstaining from water.-2 waterless, destitute of water.-अर्गल a. without a bolt, unbarred, unobstructed, unrestrained, unimpeded, completely free; M.5; मरणसमये त्यक्त्वा शङ्कां प्रलापनिरर्गलम् Māl.5.26. (-लम्) ind. freely.-अर्थ a.1 void of wealth, poor, indigent; स्त्रियः कृतार्थाः पुरुषं निरर्थं निष्पीडितालक्तकवत्त्यजन्ति Pt.1.194.-2 meaningless, un- meaning (as a word or sentence).-3 non-sensical.-4 vain, useless, purposeless.(-र्थः) 1 loss, detriment.-2 nonsense.-अर्थक a.1 useless, vain, unprofitable.-2 unmeaning, nonsensical, conveying no reasonable meaning; इत्थं जन्म निरर्थकं क्षितितले$रण्ये यथा मालती S. D.-3 (a consonant) not followed by a vowel. (-कम्) an expletive; निरर्थकं तु हीत्यादि पूरणैकप्रयोजनम् Chandr.2.6.-अलंकृतिः (in Rhet.) want of ornament, simplicity.-अवकाश a.1 without free space.-2 without leisure.-अवग्रह a.1 'free from restraint', unrestrained, un- checked, uncontrolled, irresistible.-2 free, indepen- dent.-3 self-willed, head-strong. (-हम्) ind.1 un- interruptedly.-2 intensely, strongly.-अवद्य a.1 blameless, faultless, unblameable, unobjectionable; हृद्य- निरवद्यरूपो भूपो बभूव Dk.1.-2 an epithet of the Supreme Being (having no passions).-अवधि a. having no end, unlimited; कथं तूष्णीं सह्यो निरवधिरयं त्वप्रतिविधः U. 3.44;6.3; Māl.1.6.-2 continuous; महानाधिव्याधि- र्निरवधिरिदानीं प्रसरतु Māl.4.3.- अवयव a.1 without parts.-2 indivisible.-3 without limbs.-अवलम्ब a.1 unsupported, without support; Ś.6.-2 not affording support.-3 not depending or relying on.-अवशेष a. whole, complete, entire, (निरवशेषेण ind. completely, entirely, fully, totally).-अवसाद a. cheerful; Gīt.-अव्यय a. eternal, immutable.- अशन a. abstaining from food. (-नम्) fasting.-अश्रि a. even; Kau. A.2.11.-अष्ट a. Ved. driven away, scattered. (-ष्टः) a horse twentyfour years old.-अस्त्र a. weaponless, unarmed.-अस्थि a. boneless.-अहंकार, -अहंकृति a. free from egotism or pride, humble, lowly; Bg.12.13.-अहंकृत a.1 having no egotism or self-consciousness.-2 without individuality.-3 unselfish.-अहम् a. free from egotism or self-conceit; ह्यनामरूपं निरहं प्रपद्ये Bhāg. 5.19.4.-आकाङ्क्ष a.1 wishing nothing, free from desire.-2 wanting nothing to fill up or complete (as the sense of a word or sentence).-आकार a.1 devoid of form, formless, without form.-2 ugly, deformed.-3 disguised.-4 unassuming, modest.(-रः) 1 the universal spirit, Almighty.-2 an epithet of Śiva.-3 of Viṣṇu. ˚ज्ञानवादः the doctrine that the perception of the outer world does not arise from images impres- sed on the mind; Sarva. S.-आकृति a.1 formless, shapeless.-2 deformed.(-तिः) 1 a religious student who has not duly gone through a course of study, or who has not properly read the Vedas.-2 especially, a Brāhmaṇa who has neglected the duties of his caste by not going through a regular course of study; a fool; ग्रामधान्यं यथा शून्यं यथा कूपश्च निर्जलः । यथा हुतमनग्नौ च तथैव स्यान्निराकृतौ ॥ Mb.12.36.48.-3 one who neglects the five great religious duties or yajñas; Ms.3.154.-आकाश a. leaving no free space, completely filled or occupied,-आकुल a.1 unconfused, unperplexed, un- bewildered; Ki.11.38.-2 steady, calm; सुपात्रनिक्षेपनिरा- कुलात्मना (प्रजासृजा) Śi.1.28.-3 clear.-4 perspicuous; अलिकुलसङ्कुलकुसुमसमूहनिराकुलबकुलकलापे Gīt.1.(-लम्) 1 calmness serenity.-2 perspicuity, clearness.-आक्रन्द a. not crying or complaining. (-दः) a place where no sound can be heard.-आक्रोश a. unaccused, unreviled.- आगम a. not founded on revelation or scripture, not derived from the Vedas.-आगस् a. faultless, innocent, sinless; कथमेकपदे निरागसं जनमाभाष्यमिमं न मन्यसे R.8.48.-आचार a. without approved customs or usages, lawless, barbarian.-आडम्बर a.1 without drums.-2 without show, unostentatious.-आतङ्क a.1 free from fear; R.1.63; निरातङ्को रङ्को विहरति चिरं कोटिकनकैः Śaṅkara (देव्यपराधक्षमापनस्तोत्रम् 6).-2 without ailment, comfort- able, healthy.-3 not causing pain.-4 unchecked, unhampered; निरातङ्कः पङ्केष्विव पिशितपिण्डेषु विलसन् Māl. 5.34. (-कः) an epithet of Śiva.- आतप a. sheltered from heat, shady, not penetrated by the sun's rays. (-पा) the night.- आदर a. disrespectful.-आदान a.1 taking or receiving nothing; Mb.3.-2 an epithet of Buddha.-आधार a.1 without a receptacle.-2 without support, supportless (fig. also); निराधारो हा रोदिमि कथय केषामिह पुरः G. L.4.39.-आधि a. secure, free from anxiety.-आनन्द a. cheerless, sad, sorrowful.-आन्त्र a.1 disembowelled.-2 having the entrails hanging out.-आपद् a. free from misfortune or calamity. (-f.) prosperity.-आबाध a.1 unvexed, unmolested, undis- turbed, free from disturbance.-2 unobstructed.-3 not molesting or disturbing.-4 (in law) frivolously vexatious (as a suit or cause of complaint); e. g. अस्मद्- गृहप्रदीपप्रकाशेनायं स्वगृहे व्यवहरति Mitā.- आमय a.1 free from disease or illness, sound, healthy, hale.-2 untainted, pure.-3 guileless.-4 free from defects or blemishes.-5 full, complete.-6 infallible.-7 not liable to failure or miscarriage. (-यः, यम्) freedom from disease or illness, health, well-being, welfare, happiness; कुरूणां पाण्डवानां च प्रतिपत्स्व निरामयम् Mb.5.78.8.(-यः) 1 a wild goat.-2 a hog or boar.-आमिष a.1 fleshless; निरुपमरसप्रीत्या खादन्नरास्थि निरामिषम् Bh.-2 having no sensual desires or covetousness; Ms.6.49.-3 receiving no wages or remuneration.-आय a. yielding no income or revenue, profitless.-यः an idler living from hand to mouth.- आयत a.1 full-stretched or extended; निरायतपूर्वकायाः Ś.1.8.-2 contracted, compact.-आय- -तत्वम् shortness, compactness; निरायतत्वादुदरेण ताम्यता Ki.8.17.-आयति a. one whose end is at hand; नियता लघुता निरायतेः Ki.2.14.-आयास a. not fatiguing, easy.-आयुध a. unarmed, weaponless.-आरम्भ a. abstaining from all work (in good sense); Mb.3.82.11.-आलम्ब a.1 having no prop or support (fig. also); ऊर्ध्वबाहुं निरालम्बं तं राजा प्रत्यभाषत Rām.7.89.1; निरालम्बो लोकः कुलमयशसा नः परिवृतम् Mv.4.53.-2 not depending on another, independent.-3 self-supported, friendless, alone; निरालम्बो लम्बोदरजननि कं यामि शरणम् Jag. (-म्बा) spikenard. (-म्बम्) Brahman.-आलोक a.1 not looking about or seeing.-2 deprived of sight.-3 deprived of light, dark; निरालोकं लोकम् Māl.5.3; Bhāg.8.24.35.-5 invisible. (-कः) an epithet of Śiva.-आवर्ण a. manifest, evident.-आश a.1 devoid of hope, despairing or despondent of; मनो बभूवेन्दुमतीनिराशम् R.6.2.-2 depriving (one) of all hope.-आशक, -आशिन् a. hopeless; अद्य दुर्योधनो राज्याज्जीविताच्च निराशकः (भविष्यति) Mb.8.74.13.-आशङ्क a. fearless.-आशा hopeless- ness, despair.-आशिस् a.1 without a boon or blessing, without virtues; आश्रमा विहिताः सर्वे वर्जयित्वा निराशिषम् Mb.12.63.13.-2 without any desire, wish or hope, indifferent; निराशीर्यतचित्तात्मा Bg.4.21; जगच्छ- रण्यस्य निराशिषः सतः Ku.5.76.-आश्रय a.1 without a prop or support, supportless, unsupported; न तिष्ठति निराश्रयं लिङ्गम् Sāṅ. K.41.-2 friendless, destitute, alone, without shelter or refuge; निराश्रयाधुना वत्सलता.-3 not deep (as a wound).-आस्वाद a. tasteless, insipid, un- savoury.-आहार a. 'foodless', fasting, abstaining from food. (-रः) fasting; कालो$ग्निः कर्म मृद् वायुर्मनो ज्ञानं तपो जलम् । पश्चात्तापो निराहारः सर्वे$मी शुद्धिहेतवः ॥ Y.3.31.-इङ्ग a. immovable, stationary; यथा दीपो निवातस्थो निरिङ्गो ज्वलते पुनः Mb.12.46.6.-इच्छ a. without wish or desire, indifferent.-इन्द्रिय a.1 having lost a limb or the use of it.-2 mutilated, maimed.-3 weak, infirm, frail; Kaṭh.1.1.3.-4 barren.-5 without प्रमाण or means of certain knowledge; निरिन्द्रिया ह्यमन्त्राश्च स्त्रियो$नृत- मिति स्थितिः Ms.9.18.-6 destitute of manly vigour, impotent (Ved.).-इन्धन a. destitute of fuel.-ईति a. free from the calamities of the season; निरातङ्का निरीतयः R.1.63; see ईति.-ईश्वर a. godless, atheistic. -˚वाद atheistic doctrine.-ईषम् the body of a plough.-ईह a.1 desireless, indifferent; निरीहाणामीशस्तृणमिव तिरस्कारविषयः Mu.3.16.-2 inactive; निरीहस्य हतद्विषः R.1.24.(-हा), -निरीहता, -त्वम् 1 inactivity.-2 indifference.-उच्छ्वास a.1 breathless, without breathing; निरुच्छ्वासं हरिं चक्रुः Rām.7.7.6.-2 narrow, contracted; उपेयुषो वर्त्म निरन्तराभिरसौ निरुच्छ्वासमनीकिनीभिः Śi.3.32.-3 dead; निरुच्छ्वासाः पुनः केचित् पतिता जगतीतले Rām.6.58.13. (-सः) absence of breath; लोका निरुच्छ्वासनिपीडिता भृशम् Bhāg.4. 8.8.-उत्तर a.1 answerless, without a reply.-2 un- able to answer, silenced.-3 having no superior.-उत्थ a. irrecoverable.-उद्धति a. not jolting (a chariot); अभूतल- स्पर्शतया निरुद्धतिः Ś.7.1. (v. l.)-उत्सव a. without festivi- ties; विरतं गेयमृतुर्निरुत्सवः R.8.66.-उत्साह a.1 inactive, indolent.-2 devoid of energy.(-हः) 1 absence of energy.-2 indolence.-उत्सुक a.1 indifferent.-2 calm, tranquil.- उदक a. waterless.- उदर a.1 having no belly or trunk.-2 thin (अतुन्दिल); श्रीमान्निरुदरो महान् Rām.3.16.31.-उद्यम, -उद्योग a. effortless, inactive, lazy, idle.उद्विग्न, -उद्वेग a. free from excitement or perturbation, sedate, calm.-उपक्रम a.1 without a commencement.-2 incurable.-उपद्रव a.1 free from calamity or affliction, not visited by danger or adver- sity, lucky, happy, undisturbed, unmolested, free from hostile attacks.-2 free from national distress or tyranny.-3 causing no affliction.-4 auspicious (as a star).-5 secure, peaceful.-उपधि a. guileless, honest; U.2.2. ˚जीवन a. leading an honest life. (v. l.).-उपपत्ति a. unsuitable.- उपपद a.1 without any title or designation; अरे आर्यचारुदत्तं निरुपपदेन नाम्नालपसि Mk.1.18/19.-2 unconnected with a subordinate word.-उपप्लव a.1 free from disturbance, obstacle or calamity, unharmed; निरुपप्लवानि नः कर्माणि संवृत्तानि Ś3.-2 not causing any affliction or misery.-3 an epithet of Śiva.-उपभोग a. without enjoyment; संसरति निरुपभोगं भावैरधिवासितं लिङ्गम् Sāṅ. K.4.- उपम a. peerless, matchless, incomparable.-उपसर्ग free from portents.-उपस्कृत a. not corrupted, pure; of self-denying temperament; शमेन तपसा चैव भक्त्या च निरुपस्कृतः । शुद्धात्मा ब्राह्मणो रात्रौ निदर्शनमपश्यत ॥ Mb.12.271.14.- उपहत a.1 not injured, unhurt.-2 auspicious, lucky.-उपाख्य a.1 unreal, false, non-existent (as वन्ध्यापुत्र).-2 immaterial.-3 invisible. (-ख्यम्) the supreme Brahman.-उपाधि (क) a. without qualities, absolute.-उपाय a.1 without expedients, helpless.-2 unsuc- cessful.-उपेक्ष a.1 free from trick or fraud.-2 not neglectful.-उष्मन् a. devoid of heat, cold.-गन्ध a. void of smell, scentless, unfragrant, inodorous; निर्गन्धा इव किंशुकाः. ˚पुष्पी f. the Śālmali tree.-गर्व a. free from pride.-गवाक्ष a. windowless.-गुण a.1 stringless (as a bow).-2 devoid of all properties.-3 devoid of good qualities, bad, worthless; निर्गुणः शोभते नैव विपुलाड- म्बरो$पि ना Bv.1.115.-4 without attributes; साकारं च निराकारं सगुणं निर्गुणं विभुम् Brahmavai. P.-5 having no epithet. (-णः) the Supreme Spirit. ˚आत्मक a. having no qualities.-गृहः a. houseless, homeless; सुगृही निर्गृही- कृता Pt.39.-गौरव a.1 without dignity, undignified.-2 devoid of respect.-ग्रन्थ a.1 freed from all ties or hindrances; आत्मारामाश्च मुनयो निर्ग्रन्था अप्युरुक्रमे । कुर्वन्त्यहैतुकीं भक्तिम् Bhāg.1.7.1.-2 poor, possessionless, beggarly.-3 alone, unassisted.(-न्थः) 1 an idiot, a fool.-2 a gambler.-3 a saint or devotee who has renounced all worldly attachments and wanders about naked and lives as a hermit.-4 A Buddha Muni.-ग्रन्थक a.1 clever, expert.-2 unaccompanied, alone.-3 deserted, abandoned.-4 fruitless. (-कः 1 a religious mendicant.-2 a naked devotee.-3 a gam- bler.-ग्रन्थिक a. clever. (-कः) a naked mendicant, a Jaina mendicant of the Digambara class.-घटम् 1 a free market.-2 a crowded market.-घण्टः See निघण्टः.-घृण a.1 cruel, merciless, pitiless.-2 shame- less, immodest.-घृणा cruelty.-घोष a. noiseless, still, calm.-जन a.1 tenantless, uninhabited, unfrequented, lonely, desolate.-2 without any retinue or attendants; भूयश्चैवाभिरक्षन्तु निर्धनान्निर्जना इव Mb.12.151.7. (-नम्) a desert, solitude, lonely place.-जन्तु a. free from living germs; H. Yoga.-जर a.1 young, fresh.-2 imperishable, immortal. (-रः) a deity, god; (nom. pl. निर्जराः -निर्जरसः) (-रम्) ambrosia, nectar.-जरायु a. Ved. skinless.-जल a.1 waterless, desert, destitute of water.-2 not mixed with water. (-लः) a waste, desert. ˚एकादशी N. of the eleventh day in the bright half of Jyeṣṭha.-जाड्य free from coldness.-जिह्वः a frog.-जीव a.1 lifeless.-2 dead; चिता दहति निर्जीवं चिन्ता दहति जीवितम्.-ज्ञाति a. having no kinsmen, alone.-ज्वर a. feverless, healthy.-दण्डः a Śūdra.-दय a.1 merci- less, cruel, pitiless, unmerciful, unkind.-2 passion- ate.-3 very close, firm or fast, strong, excessive, violent; मुग्धे विधेहि मयि निर्दयदन्तदंशम् Gīt.1; निर्दयरति- श्रमालसाः R.19.32; निर्दयाश्लेषहेतोः Me.18.-4 unpitied by any; निर्दया निर्नमस्कारास्तन्मनोरनुशासनम् Ms.9.239.-दयम् ind.1 unmercifully, cruelly.-2 violently, excessively; न प्रहर्तुमलमस्मि निर्दयम् R.11.84.-दश a. more than ten days old; यदा पशुर्निर्दशः स्यादथ मेध्यो भवे- दिति Bhāg.9.7.11.- दशन a. toothless.-दाक्षिण्य a. uncourteous.-दुःख a.1 free from pain, painless.-2 not causing pain.-दैन्य a. happy, comfortable.-दोष a.1 faultless, defectless; न निर्दोषं न निर्गुणम्-2 guiltless, innocent.-द्रव्य a.1 immaterial.-2 without property, poor.-द्रोह a. not hostile, friendly, well-disposed, not malicious.-द्वन्द्व a.1 indifferent in regard to opposite pairs of feelings (pleasure or pain), neither glad nor sorry; निर्द्वन्द्वो निर्ममो भूत्वा चरिष्यामि मृगैः सह Mb.1.85.16; निर्द्वन्द्वो नित्यसत्त्वस्थो निर्योगक्षेम आत्मवान् Bg.2.45.-2 not dependent upon another, independent.-3 free from jealousy or envy.-4 not double.-5 not contested, un- disputed.-6 not acknowledging two principles.-धन a. without property, poor, indigent; शशिनस्तुल्यवंशो$पि निर्धनः परिभूयते Chāṇ.82. (-नः) an old ox. ˚ता, ˚त्वम् poverty, indigence.-धर्म a. unrighteous, impious, unholy.-धूम a. smokeless.-धौत a. cleansed, rendered clean; निर्धौत- दानामलगण्डभित्तिर्वन्यः सरित्तो गज उन्ममज्ज R.5.43.-नमस्कार a.1 not courteous or civil, not respecting any one.-2 disrespected, despised.-नर a. abandoned by men, deserted.-नाणक a. coinless, penniless; Mk.2.-नाथ a. without a guardian or master. ˚ता1 want of protection.-2 widowhood.-3 orphanage.-नाभि a. going or reaching beyond the navel; निर्नाभि कौशेयमुपात्तबाणम् Ku.7.7.-नायक a. having no leader or ruler, anarchic.-नाशन, -नाशिन् a. expelling, banishing.-निद्र a. sleepless, wakeful.-निमित्त a.1 causeless.-2 disinterested.-निमेष a. not twinkling.-बन्धु a. without kindred or relation, friendless.-बल n. powerless, weak, feeble.-बाध a.1 unobstructed.-2 unfrequented, lonely, solitary.-3 unmolested.(-धः) 1 a part of the marrow.-2 a knob.-बीज a. seedless, impotent. (-जा) a sort of grape (Mar. बेदाणा).-बुद्धि a. stupid, ignorant, foolish.-बुष, -बुस a. unhusked, freed from chaff.-भक्त a. taken without eating (as a medicine).-भय a.1 fearless, undaunted.-2 free from danger, safe, secure; निर्भयं तु भवेद्यस्य राष्ट्रं बाहुबलाश्रितम् Ms.9.255.-भर a.1 excessive, vehement, violent, much, strong; त्रपाभरनिर्भर- स्मरशर &c. Gīt.12; तन्व्यास्तिष्ठतु निर्भरप्रणयिता मानो$पि रम्यो- दयः Amaru.47.-2 ardent.-3 fast, close (as embrace); कुचकुम्भनिर्भरपरीरम्भामृतं वाञ्छति Gīt.; परिरभ्य निर्भरम् Gīt.1.-4 sound, deep (as sleep).-5 full of, filled with (at the end of comp.); आनन्द˚, गर्व˚ &c. (-रः) a servant receiving no wages. (-रम्) excess. (-रम् ind.)1 ex- cessively, exceedingly, intensely.-2 soundly.-भाग्य a. unfortunate, unlucky.-भाज्य a. to be separated; स निर्भाज्यः स्वकादंशात् किंचिद्दत्वोपजीवनम् Ms.9.27.-भृतिः a. without wages, hireless.-भोगः a. not fond of plea- sures.-मक्षिक a. 'free from flies', undisturbed, private, lonely. (-कम्) ind. without flies, i. e. lonely, private; कृतं भवतेदानीं निर्मक्षिकम् Ś.2,6.-मज्ज a. fatless, meagre.-मत्सर a. free from envy, unenvious; निर्मत्सरे मत्समे वत्स... वसुन्धराभारमारोप्य Rāmāyaṇachampū.-मत्स्य a. fishless.-मद a.1 not intoxicated, sober, quiet.-2 not proud, humble.-3 sad, sorry.-4 not in rut (as an elephant).-मनुज, -मनुष्य a. tenantless, uninhabited, deserted by men.-मन्तु a. faultless, innocent.-मन्त्र a.1 a ceremony, unaccompanied by holy texts.-2 not familiar with holy texts; Mb.12.36.43.-मन्यु, -मन्युक a. free from anger; Mb.5.133.4.-मम a.1 free from all connections with the outer world, who has renounced all worldly ties; संसारमिव निर्ममः (ततार) R.12.6; Bg.2.71; निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः 3.3.-2 unselfish, disinterested.-3 indifferent to (with loc.); निर्ममे निर्ममो$र्थेषु मथुरां मधुराकृतिः R.15.28; प्राप्तेष्वर्थेषु निर्ममाः Mb.-4 an epithet of Śiva.-मर्याद a.1 boundless, immeasurable.-2 transgressing the limits of right or propriety, unrestrained, unruly, sinful, criminal; मनुजपशुभिर्निर्मर्यादैर्भवद्भिरुदायुधैः Ve.3.22.-3 confused.-4 insolent, immodest. (-दम्) ind. confusedly, topsy- turvy. (-दम्) confusion, disorder.-मल a.1 free from dirt or impurities, clear, pure, stainless, unsullied (fig. also); नीरान्निर्मलतो जनिः Bv.1.63.-2 resplendent, bright; Bh.1.56.-3 sinless, virtuous; निर्मलाः स्वर्गमायान्ति सन्तः सुकृतिनो यथा Ms.8.318.(-लम्) 1 talc.-2 the remainings of an offering made to a deity. ˚उपलः a crystal.- मशक a. free from gnats.-मांस a. fleshless; स्वल्प- स्नायुवसावशेषमलिनं निर्मांसमप्यस्थिकम् Bh.2.3.-मान a.1 without self-confidence.-2 free from pride.-मानुष a. uninhabited, desolate.-मार्ग a. roadless, pathless.-मिथ्य a. not false, true; H. Yoga.-मुटः 1 a tree bearing large blossoms.-2 the sun.-3 a rogue. (-टम्) a large free market or fair.-मूल a.1 rootless (as a tree).-2 baseless, unfounded (statement, charge &c.).-3 eradicated.-मेघ a. cloudless.-मेध a. without un- derstanding, stupid, foolish, dull.-मोह a. free from illusion. (-हः) an epithet of Śiva.-यत्न a. inactive, lazy, dull.-यन्त्रण a.1 unrestrained, unobstructed, uncontrolled, unrestricted.-2 unruly, self-willed, in- dependent.(-णम्) 1 squeezing out.-2 absence of restraint, independence.-यशस्क a. without fame, dis- creditable, inglorious.-युक्त a.1 constructed, built.-2 directed.-3 (in music) limited to metre and mea- sure.-युक्ति f.1 disunion.-2 absence of connection or government.-3 unfitness, impropriety.-युक्तिक a.1 disjoined, unconnected.-2 illogical, unmeaning.-3 unfit, improper.-यूथ a. separated from the herd, strayed from the flock (as an elephant).-यूष = निर्यास.-योगक्षेम a. free from care (about acquisition); Bg.2. 45.-रक्त a. (-नीरक्त) colourless, faded.-रज, -रजस्क a.(-नीरज, नीरजस्क) 1 free from dust.-2 devoid of passion or darkness. (-जः) an epithet of Śiva.-रजस् (नरिजस्) a. seeनीरज. (-f.) a woman not men- struating. ˚तमसा absence of passion or darkness.-रत (नीरत) a. not attached to, indifferent.-रन्ध्र a.(नीरन्ध्र) 1 without holes or interstices, very close or contiguous, thickly situated; नीरन्ध्रनीरनिचुलानि सरित्तटानि U.2.23.-2 thick, dense.-3 coarse, gross.-रव a. (-नीरव) not making any noise, noiseless; गतिविभ्रमसाद- नीरवा (रसना) R.8.58.-रस a.(नीरस) 1 tasteless, unsavoury, flavourless.-2 (fig.) insipid, without any poetic charm; नीरसानां पद्मानाम् S. D.1.-3 sapless, without juice, withered or dried up; Ś. Til.9.-4 vain, use- less, fruitless; अलब्धफलनीरसान् मम विधाय तस्मिन् जने V.2.11.-5 disagreeable.-6 cruel, merciless. (-सः) the pomegranate.- रसन a. (नीरसन) having no girdle (रसना); Ki.5.11.-रुच् a. (नीरुच्) without lustre, faded, dim; परिमलरुचिराभिर्न्यक्कृतास्तु प्रभाते युवतिभिरुप- भोगान्नीरुचः पुष्पमालाः Śi.11.27.-रुज्, -रुज a. (नीरुज्, नीरुज) free from sickness, healthy, sound; नीरुजस्य किमौषधैः H.1.-रूप a. (नीरूप) formless, shapeless.(-पः) 1 air, wind.-2 a god. (-पम्) ether.-रोग a. (नीरोग) free from sickness or disease, healthy, sound; यथा नेच्छति नीरोगः कदाचित् सुचिकित्सकम् Pt.1.118.-लक्षण a.1 having no auspicious marks, ill-featured.-2 undisting- uished.-3 unimportant, insignificant.-4 unspotted.-5 having a white back.-लक्ष्य a. invisible.-लज्ज a. shameless, impudent.-लाञ्छनम् the marking of dome- stic animals (by perforating the nose &c.).-लिङ्ग a. having no distinguishing or characteristic marks.-लिप्त a.1 unanointed.-2 undefiled, unsullied.-3 indifferent to.(-प्तः) 1 N. of Kṛiṣṇa.-2 a sage.-लून a. cut through or off.-लेप a.1 unsmeared, unanointed; निर्लेपं काञ्चनं भाण्डमद्भिरेव विशुध्यति Ms.5.112.-2 stainless, sinless. (-पः) a sage.-लोभ a. free from desire or avarice, unavaricious.-लोमन् a. devoid of hair, hairless.-वंश a. without posterity, childless.- वचन a.1 not speaking, silent.-2 unobjectionable, blameless; (for other senses see the word separately).-नम् ind. silently; माल्येन तां निर्वचनं जघान Ku.7.19.-वण, -वन a.1 being out of a wood.-2 free from woods.-3 bare, open.-वत्सल a. not loving or fondling (esp. children); निर्वत्सले सुतशतस्य विपत्तिमेतां त्वं नानुचिन्तयसि Ve.5.3.-वर = निर्दरम् q. v.-वसु a. destitute of wealth, poor.-वाच्य a.1 not fit to be said.-2 blameless, unobjectionable; सखीषु निर्वाच्य- मधार्ष्ट्यदूषितं प्रियाङ्गसंश्लेषमवाप मानिनी Ki.8.48.-वात a. free or sheltered from wind, calm, still; हिमनिष्यन्दिनी प्रातर्निर्वातेव वनस्थली R.15.66. (-तः) a place sheltered from or not exposed to wind; निर्वाते व्यजनम् H.2.124.-वानर a. free from monkeys.-वायस a. free from crows.-वार्य a.1 irresistible.-2 acting fearlessly or boldly.-विकल्प, -विकल्पक a.1 not admitting an alternative.-2 being without determination or resolu- tion.-3 not capable of mutual relation.-4 conditioned.-5 undeliberative.-6 recognizing no such distinction as that of subject and object, or of the knower and the known; as applied to समाधि or contemplation, it is 'an exclusive concentration upon the one entity without distinct and separate consciousness of the knower, the known, and the knowing, and without even self-consciousness'; निर्विकल्पकः ज्ञातृज्ञानादिविकल्पभेद- लयापेक्षः; नो चेत् चेतः प्रविश सहसा निर्विकल्पे समाधौ Bh.3.61; आत्मारामा विहितरतयो निर्विकल्पे समाधौ Ve.1.23.-7 (in phil.) not arising from the relation of the qualifier and the qualified, (विशेषणविशेष्यसंबन्धानवगाहि प्रत्यक्षं ज्ञानम्) said of knowledge not derived from the senses, as घटत्व. (-ल्पम्) ind. without hesitation or wavering.-विकार a.1 unchanged, unchangeable, immutable.-2 not dispos- ed; तौ स्थास्यतस्ते नृपती निदेशे परस्परावग्रहनिर्विकारौ M.5.14.-3 disinterested; तरुविटपलतानां बान्धवो निर्विकारः Ṛs.2.28. (-रः) the Supreme deity.-विकास a. unblown.-विघ्न a. uninterrupted, unobstructed, free from impediments; निर्विघ्नं कुरु मे देव सर्वकार्येषु सर्वदा. (-घ्नम्) absence of impedi- ment.-विचार a. not reflecting, thoughtless, incon- siderate; रे रे स्वैरिणि निर्विचारकविते मास्मत्प्रकाशीभव Chandr. 1.2. (-रम्) ind. thoughtlessly, unhesitatingly.-वि- चिकित्स a. free from doubt or reflection.-विचेष्ट a. motionless, insensible; यो हि दिष्टमुपासीनो निर्विचेष्टः सुखं शयेत् Mb.3.32.14.-वितर्क a. unreflecting.-विनोद a. without amusement, void of pastime, diversion or solace; शङ्के रात्रौ गुरुतरशुचं निर्विनोदां सखीं ते Me.9.-विन्ध्या N. of a river in the Vindhya hills; निर्विन्ध्यायाः पथि भव रसाभ्यन्तरः सन्निपत्य Me.28.-विमर्श a.1 void of reflec- tion, thoughtless.-2 not having विमर्श Sandhi.-विवर a.1 having no opening or cavity.2 without interstices or interval, close, compact; घटते हि संहततया जनितामिदमेव निर्विवरतां दधतोः Śi.9.44.-विवाद a.1 not contending or disagreeing.-2 undisputed, not contra- dicted or disputed, universally acknowledged.-विवेक a. indiscreet, void of judgment, wanting in discrimination, foolish.-विशङ्क a. fearless, undaunted, confident; Ms.7.176; यस्मिन्कृत्यं समावेश्य निर्विशङ्केन चेतसा । आस्यते सेवकः स स्यात् कलत्रमिव चापरम् ॥ Pt.1.85.-विशेष a. showing or making no difference, indiscriminating, without dis- tinction; निर्विशेषा वयं त्वयि Mb.; निर्विशेषो विशेषः Bh.3.5. 'a difference without distinction'.-2 having no difference, same, like, not differing from (oft. in comp.); निर्विशेषाकृति 'having the same form'; प्रवातनीलो- त्पलनिर्विशेषम् Ku.1.46; स निर्विशेषप्रतिपत्तिरासीत् R.14.22.-3 indiscriminate, promiscuous. (-षः) absence of difference. (निर्विशेषम् and निर्विशेषेण are used adverbially in the sense of 'without difference', 'equally', indiscrimi- nately'; क्रुद्धेन विप्रमुक्तो$यं निर्विशेषं प्रियाप्रिये Rām.7.22.41. स्वगृहनिर्विशेषमत्र स्थीयताम् H.1; R.5.6.).-विशेषण a. without attributes.-विष a. poisonless (as a snake); निर्विषा डुण्डुभाः स्मृताः.-विषङ्ग a. not attached, indifferent.-विषय a.1 expelled or driven away from one's home, residence or proper place; मनोनिर्विषयार्थकामया Ku.5.38; R.9.32; also-निर्विषयीकृत; वने प्राक्कलनं तीर्थं ये ते निर्विषयी- कृताः Rām.2.14.4.-2 having no scope or sphere of action; किंच एवं काव्यं प्रविरलविषयं निर्विषयं वा स्यात् S. D.1.-3 not attached to sensual objects (as mind).-विषाण a. destitute of horns.-विहार a. having no pleasure.-वीज, -बीज a.1 seedless.-2 impotent.-3 causeless.-वीर a.1 deprived of heroes; निर्वीरमुर्वीतलम् P. R.1.31.-2 cowardly.-वीरा a woman whose husband and children are dead.-वीर्य a. powerless, feeble, unmanly, impotent; निर्वीर्यं गुरुशापभाषितवशात् किं मे तवेवायुधम् Ve.3.34.-वीरुध, -वृक्ष a. treeless.-वृत्ति f. accomplishment, achievement; अत आसां निर्वृत्त्या अपवर्गः स्यात् । आतण्डुलनिर्वृत्तेः आ च पिष्टनिर्वृत्तेरभ्यास इति ॥ ŚB. on MS.11.1.27. -a. having no occupation, destitute. See निर्वृति.-वृष a. depriv- ed of bulls.-वेग a. not moving, quiet, calm.-वेतन a honorary, unsalaried.-वेद a. not acknowledging the Vedas, an atheist, infidel.-वेष्टनम् a. a weaver's shuttle.-वैर a. free from enmity, amicable, peaceable. (-रम्) absence of enmity.-वैलक्ष्य a. shameless.-व्यञ्जन a.1 straight-forward.-2 without condiment. (-नम् ind.) plainly, in a straight-forward or honest manner.-व्यथ, -न a.1 free from pain.-2 quiet, calm.-व्यथनम् a hole; छिद्रं निर्व्यथनम् Ak.-व्यपेक्ष a. indifferent to, regardless of; मृग्यश्च दर्भाङ्कुरनिर्व्यपेक्षास्तवागतिज्ञं समबोधयन् माम् R.13.25;14.39.-व्यलीक a.1 not hurting or offending.-2 without pain.-3 pleased, doing anything willingly.-4 sincere, genuine, undissembling.-व्यवधान a. (ground) uncovered, bare.-व्यवश्थ a. moving hither and thither.-व्यसन a. free from bad inclination.-व्याकुल a. calm.-व्याघ्र a. not haunted or infested by tigers.-व्याज a.1 candid, upright, honest, plain.-2 without fraud, true, genuine.-3 got by heroism or daring deeds (not by fraud or cowardly conduct); अशस्त्रपूतनिर्व्याजम् (महामांसम्) Māl.5.12. (v. l.)-4 not hypocritical; धर्मस्य निर्व्याजता (विभूषणम्) Bh.2.82. (-जम् ind.) plainly, honestly, candidly; निर्व्याजमालिङ्गितः Amaru.85.-व्याजीकृत a. made plain, freed from deceit.-व्यापार a.1 without employment or business, free from occupation; तं दधन्मैथिलीकण्ठनिर्व्यापारेण बाहुना R.15.56.-2 motionless; U.6.-व्यावृत्ति a. not invol- ving any return (to worldly existence).-व्रण a.1 un- hurt, without wounds.-2 without rents.-व्रत a. not observing vows.-व्रीड a. shameless, impudent.-हिमम् cessation of winter.-हेति a. weaponless.-हेतु a. cause- less, having no cause or reason.-ह्रीक a.1 shameless, impudent.-2 bold, daring. -
65 line
line [laɪn]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. noun3. compounds━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. nounb. ( = boundary) frontière fc. ( = wrinkle) ride ff. (for phone) ligne f• Mr Smith is on the line j'ai M. Smith en ligne• to learn one's lines [actor] apprendre son textei. ( = row) [of trees, parked cars, hills] rangée f ; [of cars in traffic jam] file f ; [of people] (side by side) rang m ; (one behind another) file f ; ( = assembly line) chaîne f• to fall into line with sb ( = conform) se ranger à l'avis de qnk. ( = route) ligne fl. ( = track) voie f• they voted against the government line ils ont voté contre la position adoptée par le gouvernement• to take a strong line on... se montrer ferme sur...• you must be very aware of that in your line of business vous devez en être très conscient dans votre métier• what's your line of business? que faites-vous dans la vie ?p. ( = product) this lager is the shop's best selling line cette bière blonde est ce qui se vend le mieuxq. ( = course) in the line of duty dans l'exercice de ses (or mes etc) fonctionss. (in battle) ligne f• didn't I tell you that all along the line? c'est ce que je n'ai pas arrêté de te dire• somewhere along the line he got an engineering degree je ne sais pas exactement quand, il a décroché son diplôme d'ingénieur► along... lines• along political/racial lines selon des critères politiques/raciaux► in line• if the Prime Minister fails to keep the rebels in line si le Premier ministre ne réussit pas à maîtriser les éléments rebelles• our system is broadly in line with that of other countries notre système correspond plus ou moins à celui des autres pays► into line• to come on line [power station, machine] entrer en service► on the line ( = at stake) (inf) en jeuhe was completely out of line to suggest that... ( = unreasonable) il n'aurait vraiment pas dû suggérer que...• he is out of line with his party ( = in conflict) il est en décalage par rapport à son parti• their debts are completely out of line with their incomes leur endettement est tout à fait disproportionné par rapport à leurs revenusa. ( = mark) [+ face] marquer3. compounds• to keep the lines of communication open with sb ne pas rompre le dialogue avec qn ► line of fire noun ligne f de tir► line-up noun [of people] file f ; ( = identity parade) séance f d'identification (d'un suspect) ; (Football) composition f de l'équipe f► line upa. ( = stand in row) se mettre en rang(s) ; ( = stand in queue) faire la queueb. ( = align o.s.) to line up against sb/sth se liguer contre qn/qch• most senators lined up in support of the president la plupart des sénateurs ont soutenu le présidenta. [+ people, objects] alignerb. ( = find) (inf)• we must line up a chairman for the meeting il faut que nous trouvions un président pour la réunion• have you got something lined up for this evening? est-ce que tu as prévu quelque chose pour ce soir ?• have you got someone lined up? avez-vous quelqu'un en vue ?* * *[laɪn] 1.1) gen, Sport ligne f; (shorter, thicker) trait m; Art trait ma straight/curved line — une ligne droite/courbe
the line AB — ( in geometry) la droite AB
2) (of people, cars) file f; ( of trees) rangée fin straight lines — [plant, arrange] en lignes droites
to be in line — [buildings] être dans l'alignement
3) fig4) ( queue) file fto stand in ou wait in line — faire la queue
to form a line — [people] faire la queue
5) ( on face) ride f6) Architecture ( outline shape) ligne f (of de)7) ( boundary) frontière fthere's a fine line between knowledge and pedantry — de la culture à la pédanterie il n'y a qu'un pas
8) ( rope) corde f; ( for fishing) ligne f9) ( cable) Electricity ligne f (électrique)10) Telecommunications ( connection) ligne fto get off the line — (colloq) raccrocher
11) ( rail route) ligne f ( between entre); ( rails) voie f; (shipping company, airline) compagnie f12) ( in genealogy) lignée fa line from — une citation de [poem etc]
to learn one's lines — Theatre apprendre son texte
14) ( conformity)to bring regional laws into line with federal laws — harmoniser les lois régionales et les lois fédérales
our prices are out of line with those of our competitors — nos prix ne s'accordent pas avec ceux de nos concurrents
you're way out of line! — (colloq) franchement, tu exagères!
15) (colloq) ( piece of information)16) ( stance)17) ( type of product) gamme f18) Militaryenemy lines — lignes fpl ennemies
19) ( equator)20) (colloq) ( of cocaine) ligne (colloq) f (of de)2.in line with prepositional phrase en accord avec [policy, trend]3.transitive verb doubler [garment] ( with avec); tapisser [box, shelf] ( with de); [spectators] border [route]Phrasal Verbs:- line up••all along the line —
somewhere along the line — ( at point in time) à un certain moment; ( at stage) quelque part
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66 ἄλοξ
ἄλοξ, - κοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `furrow' (Trag., Com.).Other forms: Also αὖλαξ (Hes.), ὦλκα, - ας acc. sg., pl. (Hom.), Dor. ὦλαξ EM 625, 37and in ὁμ-ώλακες (A. R. 2, 396). Further εὑλάκᾱ `plough' with the Lacon. fut. inf. εὑλαξεῖν (Orac. ap. Th. 5, 16); and αὑλάχα ἡ ὕννις H. and *ὄλοκες (cod. ὀλοκεύς) αὔλακες H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The relation between these forms was unclear. Solmsen Unt. 258ff. explained ὦλκα from *ἄϜολκα ( κατὰ ὦλκα Ν 707 for original *κατ' ἄϜολκα); it is strange that this form did not live on. Beside *ἀ-Ϝολκ- the zero grade would give *ἀ-Ϝλακ- in αὖλαξ. The root was supposed in Lith. velkù, OCS vlěkǫ, Av. varǝk- `draw'; one could assume * h₂uelk-. This is tempting, but must not be correct. If the Balto-Slavic words are isolated (there is further only Av. vǝrǝc-), the verb may be non-IE; also it is rather * uelkʷ-, which makes the connection with Greek impossible; further there is no trace of the verb in Greek, which has ἔλκω \< *selk-. εὑλάκα can no longer be explained from different prothesis, *ἐ-Ϝλακ-. But ἄλοξ cannot be explained in this way: metathesis of *αϜολκ- would give *αυλοκ-; an after the F had disappeared, metathesis was no longer possible (only contraction to *ωλκ-). - I see no reason to reject ὀλοκ-. ὦλαξ was perhaps taken from a compound, like ὁμώλακ-, which would give *ολακ-. - Pisani JF 53, 29 derived αὖλαξ from αὑλός and separated it from ἄλοξ etc., which is improbable. - The variants are strongly reminiscent of substr. words, as Beekes Dev. 40 held (withdrawn ib. 275-7). Variation of prothetic ε\/α\/ο\/αυ\/ευ is typical of substr. words, as is κ\/χ ( αὐλάχα). So more probably we have to assume a substr. word. The start with the Homeric form was wrong: it is the only form that has no vowel between λ and κ, and is therefore suspect. If we assume labialised phonemes, like lʷ, a reconstruction * alʷak- gives all forms: αὖλαξ (by anticipation of the labial feature; which gives ὦλαξ by contraction), ἄλοξ (influence on the second vowel ; ὀλοκ- on both vowels), interchange α\/ε gave εὐλακ-; see Beekes Pre-Gr., and cf. ἀρασχάδες etc. Homer might have had *κατ' ὠλακ(α), which became unclear during the tradition.Page in Frisk: 1,77Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄλοξ
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67 ἀλώπηξ
ἀλώπηξ, - εκοςGrammatical information: f. (on the gender DELG).Meaning: `fox' (Archil.).Other forms: A shortened form is ἀλωπά (Alc.), ἀλωπός (Hdn.); on its origin Sommer Nominalkomp. 5 A. 5. Denom. ἀλωπεύει ἀνιχνεύει H., cf. NGr. (Crete) λαγονεύω `trace' from λαγώς, Kukules Άρχ. Έφ. 27, 70f.Derivatives: ἀλωπεκέη, -ῆ `fox-skin' (Hdt.); ἀλωπεκία a disease of the skin (Arist.); ἀλωπεκίς f. = κυναλώπηξ (X.), also `head-gear from fox-skin' (X.) and `kind of vine' (Plin.), s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 139Etymology: ἀλώπηξ can agree with Arm. aɫuēs, gen. - esu `fox'. Cf. further Lith. lãpė and Latv. lapsa. Schrijver, JIES 26, 1998, 421-434 connects the Celtic words W. llywarn etc., which he derives from * lop-erno-, and reconstructs * h₂lop-. The Greek long ō is explained from an old nom. * h₂lōp-s. (Skt. lopāśá- `jackal' and MP rōpās `fox' have an orig. diphthong in the root and cannot be connected. Lat. volpes `fox', Lith. vilpišỹs `wild cat' should also be kept apart; Schrijver starts from a root * ulp-). - The inflection ἀλώπηξ, - εκος is unique in Greek. There is no support for Rix's - ōk-s, - ek-os (1976,, 143). In the Armenian form, the ē presents difficulties and is prob. secondary, the word rather showing old short e; Clackson 1994, 95. De Vaan, IIJ 43, 2000, 279-293, disconnects the suffix from the Indo-Ir. one (as above the words were disconnected) and doubts that Skt. -āśa- etc. is of IE origin. He follows Chantr. Form. 376, in assuming that the Greek (and Armenian) suffix - ek- was taken from a non-IE language; Greek would have lengthened the vowel in the nominative. But this does not explain the Greek ablaut: one would expect that the long vowel was introduced everywhere. Rather the suffixes are IE, and the long vowel of Saskrit and the short of Armenian confirm the Greek ablaut as archaic. - See also Blažek, Linguistica Baltica 7, 1998, 25-31. Cf. Nehring Glotta 14, 184, Lidén KZ 56, 212ff., Fraenkel KZ 63, 189f., Hermann KZ 69, 66.Page in Frisk: 1,83Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀλώπηξ
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68 πίνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to drink'Other forms: Aeol., also Dor. (Call. Cer. 95) πώνω, fut. πίομαι, aor. ἔπιον, πιεῖν (all Hom.; later πεῖν), ipv. πῖθι (com. a.o.), Aeol. πῶθι, pass. ἐπόθην with fut. ποθήσομαι, perf. act. πέπωκα (all Att.), midd. πέπομαι (Od.); besides as causat. πιπίσκω, fut. πίσω, aor. πῖσαι, πισθῆναι, also w. προ-, ἐν-, συν- a.o. `give to drink, water' (Pi., Hp., Nic.).Derivatives: Many derivv. (condensed survey): A. From the zero grade πο-, most with τ-sufflx: 1. ποτόν n. `beverage' (Il.), ποτός `drinkable' (trag., Th.; ἔμποτος Aret.), πότος m. `drinking, beverage' (Att., Theoc.); from this πότ-ιμος `drinkable, fresh, pleasant' (IA; Arbenz 50f.), - ικός `inclined towards drinking etc.' (Alc. com., Plu.), most συμ- πίνω `belonging to the bacchanalia, pot companion' (Att.: συμπό-της, - σιον, s. v.); - ίζω, Dor. - ίσδω, also with προ- a.o., `to make drink, to drench' (IA., Theoc.) with - ισμός, - ισμα, - ιστές, - ιστήριον, - ιστρίς, - ίστρα. 2. ποτή f. `drink, draught' (pap.) gen. a. acc. - ῆτος, - ῆτα (Hom.; metr. enlerged, orig. at verse-end; Schwyzer 529 w. n. 1 a. lit.; not haplolog. from *ποτο-τη-τος, - τη-τα with Fraenkel Gnomon 21, 40 a.o.); πότ-ημα n. `(medical) drink' (medic.; enlarged form, Chantraine Form. 178). 3. πόσις f. (also w. προ-, κατα- a.o. in diff. senses) `drinking, drink, bacchanalia' (Il.) with πόσιμος `drinkable' (pap. IVp, Ps.-Callisth.; cf. πότιμος above); πόμα s.v. 4. ποτήρ m. `drinking cup' (E.), - ήριον n. `id.' (Aeol. IA.); πότης m. `drinker' (only in πότης λύχνος Ar. Nu. 57), f. πότις (com.); both from the usual compp., e.g. συμπό-της (Pi.), οἰνο-πό-της, - τις (Anacr. etc.), disjoined? (Leumann Mus. Helv. 2, 12 = Kl. Schr. 226); superl. ποτίστατος (Ar. a.o.); to this derivv. like συμπόσ-ιον `bacchanalia' (Pi., Alc.), καταπότ-ιον `pill' (medic.; καταπότης `throat' H., Suid.); οἰνοποτ-ά-ζω `to drink wine' (Hom.). 5. καταπό-θρα f. `(region of the) throat' (Paul. Aeg.). -- B. From the full grade: πῶμα n. `draught, drink, beverage' (Att.), ἔκπω-μα n. `drinking ware' (IA.), beside πόμα ( πρό-, κατά-, ἔκ- πίνω) n. `id.' (Pi., Ion. hell.); ἔκπωτις = ἄμπωτις ( Cat. Cod. Astr.); εὔπωνος ὄμβρος εὔποτος H., γακου-πώνης ἡδυπότης H. -- C. From the zero grade πῑ-: 1. πίστρα f., πῖστρα n. pl. `drinks' (E. Kyk., Str.), also πισμός, πιστήρ, πιστήριον H.; with analog. - σ- as 2. πιστός `drinkable, fluid' (A.; after χριστός, Leumann Mus. Helv. 14, 79 = Kl. Schr. 264), πιστικός `id.' (Ev. Marc., Ev. Io.); 3. Boeot. πιτεύω `to drench, to water' with ἀ-πίτευτος `unwatered' (Thespiae IIIa), from a noun *πῑτ(ο)-; cf. below. To be rejected Brugmann IF 39, 149 ff. (to πίων, OCS pitati `to feed' etc.); cf. Benveniste BSL 51, 29 f. w. lit.Etymology: The above system developed on the basis of an IE starting point independently inside Greek. From the imperatives πῖ-θι and πῶ-θι we can conclude to two athematic root-aorists *ἔ-πῑ-ν and *ἔ-πω-ν; to the latter provides Skt. á-pā-m (with pā-hí = πῶ-θι) an exact agreement: IE *é-peh₃-m. As zero grade was pī- in the plur. at home: IE *é-piH-me, which in Skt. was replaced by full grade á-pā-ma but in Greek πῖθι left a trace; note further OCS 2. a. 3. sg. aor. pi. Further, in Greek the athemat. forms wer replaced by the themat. ἔ-πι-ον with generalized zero grade. The origin of the form piH- is not well known. The shortvocalic subj. of this root-aorist lives on in fut. πί-ο-μαι (like ἔδ-ο-μαι; s. ἔδω); to the aorist still the nasal prsesents πί-ν-ω and πώ-ν-ω; cf. ἔ-δῡ-ν: δύ̄-ν-ω. To *ἔ-πῑ-ν was formed the factitive ἔ-πῑ-σα `I gave to drink' after ἔ-στη-ν: ἔ-στη-σα, ἔ-φῡν: ἔ-φῡ-σα a.o.; to this the reduplicated pres. πι-πί-σκω (cf. δι-δά-σκω: δα-ῆναι, βι-βά-σκω: ἔ-βη-σα: ἔ-βη-ν). The strongly spread zero grade πο- ( πέποται, ἐπόθην, πόσις usw.) is a Greek innovation after δο- ( δέδοται, ἐδόθην, δόσις). The perf. act. πέ-πω-κα agrees with Skt. pa-páu, but can also have been created newly to *ἔ-πω-ν. The nominal stem πῑτ- in πιτεύω is inherited and is found also in Skt. pī-tá- `drunk(en)', pī-ti ́'drinking, drink'. The 2. member in εὔ-πωνος and γακου-πώνης agrees with Skt. pā́-na-m n. `drink'. In ablaut deviating are πο-τήρ `drinking cup' (only E.; οἰνο-ποτῆρας acc. pl. θ 456 metr. for - πότας) and Skt. pā-tár- 'drinker', comparable πό-σις and pī-tí- (s. ab.); rather parallel innovations than old inherited material. -- Among the remaining many representatives of this family we mention only the reduplicated zero grade themat. pres. Sk. pí-b-ati, Lat. bi-b-ō, OIr. 2. pl. ipv. i-b-id (phonetically in detail uncertain) and the Lat. nouns pō-tus, pō-culum. (The Skt. caus. pāy-áyati goes back on *po-i-ei̯-, not a full grade *pōi̯-) -- On the histoy of the Greek forms s. Leumann Mus. Helv. 14, 75ff. (= Kl. Schr. 260ff.); further material of the other languages with rich lit. in WP. 2, 71 f., Pok. 839 f., W.-Hofmann s. bibō, Mayrhofer s. píbati and pā́ti 2. -- On ἄμπωτις and πῖνον s. v.Page in Frisk: 2,540-542Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πίνω
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69 τύπος
τύπος, ου, ὁ (Aeschyl., Hdt.+; ins in var. senses: New Docs 4, 41f; loanw. in rabb.).① a mark made as the result of a blow or pressure, mark, trace (Posidon.: 169 Fgm. 1 Jac.; Anth. Pal. 6, 57, 5 ὀδόντων; Athen. 13, 49, 585c τῶν πληγῶν; Diog. L. 7, 45; 50 of a seal-ring; ViJer 13 [p. 73, 10 Sch.]; Philo, Mos. 1, 119; Jos., Bell. 3, 420; PGM 4, 1429; 5, 307.—ὁ ἐκ τῆς αἰσθήσεως τ. ἐν διανοίᾳ γινόμενος Did., Gen. 217, 19) τῶν ἥλων J 20:25ab (v.l. τὸν τόπον).—This may be the place for οἱ τύποι τῶν λίθων Hs 9, 10, 1f (taking a stone out of the ground leaves a hole that bears the contours of the stone, but in effect the stone has made the impression; s. KLake, Apost. Fathers II, 1917; MDibelius, Hdb. But s. 4 below).② embodiment of characteristics or function of a model, copy, image (cp. Artem. 2, 85 the children are τύπ. of their parents.—Cp. ὁ γὰρ ἥλιος ἐν τύπῳ θεοῦ ἐστιν Theoph. Ant. 2, 15 [p. 138, 8]) the master is a τύπος θεοῦ image of God to the slave B 19:7; D 4:11. The supervisor/bishop is τύπος τοῦ πατρός ITr 3:1; cp. IMg 6:1ab (in both instances here, τύπον is Zahn’s conjecture, favored by Lghtf., for τόπον, which is unanimously read by Gk. and Lat. mss., and which can be retained, with Funk, Hilgenfeld, Krüger, Bihlmeyer).③ an object formed to resemble some entity, image, statue of any kind of material (Hdt. 3, 88,3 τύπ. λίθινος. Of images of the gods Herodian 5, 5, 6; Jos., Ant. 1, 311 τ. τύπους τῶν θεῶν; 15, 329; SibOr 3, 14) Ac 7:43 (Am 5:26).④ a kind, class, or thing that suggests a model or pattern, form, figure, pattern (Aeschyl. et al.; Pla., Rep. 387c; 397c) ἐποίησεν ἡμᾶς ἄλλον τύπον he has made us people of a different stamp B 6:11. τύπος διδαχῆς pattern of teaching Ro 6:17 (cp. διδαχή 2; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 23, 105 τὸν τύπον τῆς διδασκαλίας.—The use of τύπος for the imperial ‘rescripts’ [e.g. OGI 521, 5; s. note 4, esp. the reff. for θεῖος τύπος] appears too late to merit serious consideration.—JKürzinger, Biblica 39, ’58, 156–76; ELee, NTS 8, ’61/62, 166–73 [‘mold’]). Of the form (of expression) (Dionys. Hal., Ad Pomp. 4, 2 Rad.; PLips 121, 28 [II A.D.]; POxy 1460, 12) γράψας ἐπιστολὴν ἔχουσαν τὸν τύπον τοῦτον (cp. EpArist 34 ἐπιστολὴ τὸν τύπον ἔχουσα τοῦτον) somewhat as follows, after this manner, to this effect (so numerous versions) Ac 23:25, but s. next.—On τοὺς τύπους τῶν λίθων ἀναπληροῦν Hs 9, 10, 1 s. ἀναπληρόω 3 and 1 above.⑤ the content of a document, text, content (Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 35, 259 τύπος τ. γεγραμμένων; 3 Macc 3:30; PFlor 278 II, 20 [III A.D.] τῷ αὐτῷ τύπῳ κ. χρόνῳ=of the same content and date) Ac 23:25 (EpArist 34 ἐπιστολὴ τὸν τύπον ἔχουσα τοῦτον). Cp. POxy 3366, 28 (of a copy of a letter), 32 (the original). S. New Docs 1, 77f (with caution against confusing rhetorical practice in composition of speeches and the inclusion of letters whose value lay in their verbatim expression). For a difft. view s. 4 above; more ambivalently Hemer, Acts 347f.⑥ an archetype serving as a model, type, pattern, model (Pla., Rep. 379a περὶ θεολογίας)ⓐ technically design, pattern (Diod S 14, 41, 4) Ac 7:44; Hb 8:5 (cp. on both Ex 25:40).ⓑ in the moral life example, pattern (OGI 383, 212 [I B.C.] τ. εὐσεβείας; SibOr 1, 380; Did., Gen. 125, 27; in a pejorative sense 4 Macc 6:19 ἀσεβείας τύπ.) τύπος γίνου τῶν πιστῶν 1 Ti 4:12.—Phil 3:17; 1 Th 1:7; 2 Th 3:9; Tit 2:7; 1 Pt 5:3; IMg 6:2.—S. ESelwyn, 1 Pt ’46, 298f.ⓒ of the types given by God as an indication of the future, in the form of persons or things (cp. Philo, Op. M. 157; Iren. 1, 6, 4 [Harv. I 74, 3]); of Adam: τύπος τοῦ μέλλοντος (Ἀδάμ) a type of the Adam to come (i.e. of Christ) Ro 5:14. Cp. 1 Cor 10:6, 11 v.l.; B 7:3, 7, 10f; 8:1; 12:2, 5f, 10; 13:5. χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς … ἑαυτὸν τύπον ἔδειξε Jesus Christ showed himself as the prime exemplar of the resurrection AcPlCor 2:6 (cp. Just., D. 40, 1 τύπος ἦν τοῦ χριστοῦ). Also of the pictorial symbols that Hermas sees, and their deeper meaning Hv 3, 11, 4. The vision serves εἰς τύπον τῆς θλίψεως τῆς ἐπερχομένης as a symbol or foreshadowing of the tribulation to come 4, 1, 1; cp. 4, 2, 5; 4, 3, 6. The two trees are to be εἰς τύπον τοῖς δούλοις τοῦ θεοῦ Hs 2:2a; cp. b.—ἐν τύπῳ χωρίου Ῥωμαίων IRo ins is a conjecture by Zahn for ἐν τόπῳ χ. Ῥ., which is read by all mss. and makes good sense.—AvBlumenthal, Τύπος u. παράδειγμα: Her 63, 1928, 391–414; LGoppelt, Typos. D. typolog. Deutung des AT im Neuen ’39; RBultmann, TLZ 75, ’50, cols. 205–12; AFridrichsen et al., The Root of the Vine (typology) ’53; GLampe and KWoollcombe, Essays in Typology, ’57; KOstmeyer, NTS 46, ’00, 112–31.—New Docs 1, 77f; 4, 41. DELG s.v. τύπτω B. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
70 линия
1) General subject: branch (родства), join, ligne (мера длины в часовом деле и оптике), line, range, set, snow line, commitment2) Naval: form line, line (мера длины, равная 1/12 дюйма), range (измеряемая)4) Military: axis, circuit (связи), circuitry, line, link, link (радиосвязи)5) Engineering: arc, circuit, curve (на графике), lane, loop, train (производственная)6) Agriculture: line (напр. на птицеобрабатывающем предприятии)7) Chemistry: peak8) Mathematics: crossed lines (на графике), locus9) Railway term: chain path, trace10) Economy: line (судоходная, железнодорожная, телефонная), path (напр. в экономической модели)12) Insurance: (в пропорциональном страховании) layer (перестрахование)13) Architecture: line (во всех значениях этого слова)14) Hydrography: gabionade15) Mining: range16) Metallurgy: arc (рентгенограммы)17) Polygraphy: dash, policy (поведения), score19) Telecommunications: TV-line, (питающая) main20) Electronics: strobe21) Jargon: routine22) Information technology: row28) Automation: (производственная) line, main29) Makarov: band, current line (передачи тока), line (2, 12 х 10 -3 м), line (единица длины), line (мера длины; " 2,1 мм), line (на графике), line (родословная), line (ряд), line (электрическая), range (зданий и т.п.), ray, thread30) Combustion gas turbines: trace (на графике, диаграмме)31) Electrical engineering: contour, (электрическая) line -
71 bean
bi:n1) (any one of several kinds of pod-bearing plant or its seed: black beans; green beans; red beans.) judía, habichuela2) (the bean-like seed of other plants: coffee beans.) granobean n1. judía / alubia / haba2. granotr[biːn]1 (vegetable) alubia, judía, haba2 (of coffee) grano\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto be full of beans rebosar vitalidadto spill the beans descubrir el pastelnot a bean SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL ni un duronot to know beans about something SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL no saber ni jota de algobean shoot brote nombre masculino de sojabroad bean habaFrench bean judía verdegreen bean judía verdekidney bean frijol nombre masculinorunner bean judía verdestring bean judía verdebean ['bi:n] n1) : habichuela f, frijol m2)broad bean : haba f3)string bean : judía fn.• algarroba s.f.• alubia s.f.• haba s.f.• judía s.f.v.• golpear en la cabeza v.
I biːn1)a) (fresh, in pod) green beanb) ( dried) frijol m or (Esp) alubia f or judía f or (CS) poroto m or (Ven) caraota fto be full of beans — (colloq) estar* lleno de vida
to spill the beans — descubrir* el pastel, levantar la liebre or (RPl) la perdiz
c) ( coffee bean) grano m (de café)2) (colloq)a) (scrap, trace) (esp BrE) (with neg)not to have a bean — (BrE) estar* pelado (fam)
not to know beans about something — (AmE) no saber* ni papa de algo (fam)
b) ( head) (AmE) coco m (fam), mate m (AmS fam)
II
transitive verb (AmE colloq)[biːn]to bean somebody — darle* un porrazo or un mamporro en la cabeza a alguien (fam)
1. N1) (gen) frijol m, alubia f (Sp); (kidney) frijol m, judía f (Sp), poroto m (S. Cone); (broad, haricot) haba f ; (green) habichuela f, judía f verde (Sp), ejote m (Mex), poroto m verde (S. Cone); (coffee) grano mnot a bean! * — ¡nada en absoluto!
I haven't a bean — (Brit) * estoy pelado *, no tengo un duro (Sp) *, no tengo un peso (LAm) *
- be full of beans- know how many beans make fivespill I, 1., 1)hello, old bean! — (Brit) † * ¡hola, macho! (Sp) *, ¡hola, viejo! (LAm) *
3) (US) * (=head, brain) coco * m2.CPDbean counter * N — pej contable o gerente obsesionado por los números
* * *
I [biːn]1)a) (fresh, in pod) green beanb) ( dried) frijol m or (Esp) alubia f or judía f or (CS) poroto m or (Ven) caraota fto be full of beans — (colloq) estar* lleno de vida
to spill the beans — descubrir* el pastel, levantar la liebre or (RPl) la perdiz
c) ( coffee bean) grano m (de café)2) (colloq)a) (scrap, trace) (esp BrE) (with neg)not to have a bean — (BrE) estar* pelado (fam)
not to know beans about something — (AmE) no saber* ni papa de algo (fam)
b) ( head) (AmE) coco m (fam), mate m (AmS fam)
II
transitive verb (AmE colloq)to bean somebody — darle* un porrazo or un mamporro en la cabeza a alguien (fam)
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72 hinterlassen
v/t (unreg., trennb., hat -ge-) umg. let s.o. go behind—v/t (unreg., untr., hat) (Kratzer, Spuren etc.) leave (behind); (Eindruck, Nachricht, Testament etc.) leave; (Person) nach eigenem Tod: leave behind, be survived by; jemandem etw. hinterlassen (vererben) leave s.th. to s.o.; sie hinterließ, dass... she left word that...; hinterlassene Werke posthumous works* * *to bequeath; to leave; to leave behind* * *hin|ter|lạs|sen ptp hinterla\#ssenvt insep irregto leave; (testamentarisch auch) to bequeath (jdm etw sb sth, sth to sb)hinterlassene Werke/Schriften — posthumous works
* * *(to make a gift of in one's will: She left all her property to her son.) leave* * *hin·ter·las·sen *[hɪntɐˈlasn̩]1. (vermachen)2. (als Hinterbliebene übrig lassen)▪ jdn \hinterlassen to leave sber hinterlässt eine Frau und drei Kinder he leaves a wife and three children, he is survived by a wife and three children3. (als Erbschaft übrig lassen)▪ etw \hinterlassen to leave sth4. (als literarisches Vermächtnis übrig lassen)▪ etw \hinterlassen to leave sth behinddie \hinterlassene Werke the posthumous works5. (hinterlegen)▪ [jdm] etw \hinterlassen to leave sth [for sb]6. (nach dem Verlassen zurücklassen)▪ etw irgendwie \hinterlassen to leave sth somehowwie die Kinder ihr Zimmer \hinterlassen! the way these children leave their room!etw in Unordnung \hinterlassen to leave sth in a mess [or a muddle▪ [bei jdm] etw \hinterlassen to leave [sb with] sthbei jdm einen Eindruck \hinterlassen to make an impression on sb* * *unregelmäßiges transitives Verb leave; (testamentarisch) leave; bequeathkeine Spuren hinterlassen — leave no trace[s] [behind]
* * *hinter'lassen v/t (irr, untrennb, hat) (Kratzer, Spuren etc) leave (behind); (Eindruck, Nachricht, Testament etc) leave; (Person) nach eigenem Tod: leave behind, be survived by;jemandem etwas hinterlassen (vererben) leave sth to sb;sie hinterließ, dass … she left word that …;hinterlassene Werke posthumous works* * *unregelmäßiges transitives Verb leave; (testamentarisch) leave; bequeathkeine Spuren hinterlassen — leave no trace[s] [behind]
* * *v.to leave v.(§ p.,p.p.: left)to leave behind expr. -
73 ziehen
das Ziehenhaul; traction; drawing; pull* * *Zie|hennt -s, no pl(= Schmerz) ache; (im Unterleib) abdominal pain* * *1) (to pull along, out or towards oneself: She drew the child towards her; He drew a gun suddenly and fired; All water had to be drawn from a well; The cart was drawn by a pony.) draw2) extract3) ((an) act of extracting eg a tooth.) extraction4) (to pull with great effort or difficulty: Horses are used to haul barges along canals.) haul5) (to draw (a straight line): He ruled a line across the page.) rule6) (to (try to) move something especially towards oneself usually by using force: He pulled the chair towards the fire; She pulled at the door but couldn't open it; He kept pulling the girls' hair for fun; Help me to pull my boots off; This railway engine can pull twelve carriages.) pull7) ((with at or on) in eg smoking, to suck at: He pulled at his cigarette.) pull8) (to move to a new house etc: He has removed to London.) remove9) (to make (a tree, plant etc) grow in a particular direction.) train10) (to go, move, walk etc (about, in or on) from place to place with no definite destination in mind: I'd like to spend a holiday wandering through France; The mother wandered the streets looking for her child.) wander* * *Zie·hen<-s>[ˈtsi:ən]nt kein pl ache* * *1.unregelmäßiges transitives Verb1) pull; (sanfter) draw; (zerren) tug; (schleppen) dragPerlen auf eine Schnur ziehen — thread pearls/beads on to a string
ziehen und ablegen — (DV) drag and drop
2) (fig.)es zog ihn zu ihr/zu dem Ort — he felt drawn to her/to the place
alle Blicke auf sich ziehen — attract or capture all the attention
jemandes Zorn/Unwillen usw. auf sich ziehen — incur somebody's anger/displeasure etc.
etwas nach sich ziehen — result in something; entail something
3) (herausziehen) pull out <nail, cork, organ-stop, etc.>; extract < tooth>; take out, remove <stitches, splinter>; draw <cord, sword, pistol>den Hut ziehen — raise or doff one's hat
Zigaretten/Süßigkeiten usw. ziehen — (ugs.): (aus Automaten) get cigarettes/sweets etc. from a slot machine
die [Quadrat]wurzel ziehen — (Math.) extract the square root
5) (Gesichtspartien bewegen) make <face, grimace>die Stirn in Falten ziehen — wrinkle or knit one's brow; (missmutig) frown
6) (bei Brettspielen) move <chessman etc.>7)er zog den Rauch in die Lungen — he inhaled the smoke [into his lungs]
8) (zeichnen) draw <line, circle, arc, etc.>9) (anlegen) dig < trench>; build < wall>; erect < fence>; put up < washing-line>; run, lay <cable, wires>; draw < frontier>; trace < loop>; follow < course>sich (Dat.) einen Scheitel ziehen — make a parting [in one's hair]
11) (verblasst; auch als Funktionsverb) draw <lesson, conclusion, comparison>; s. auch Konsequenz 1); Rechenschaft; Verantwortung 1)2.unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb1) (reißen) pullan etwas (Dat.) ziehen — pull on something
an einem od. am selben Strang ziehen — (fig.) be pulling in the same direction
3) mit sein (umziehen) move (nach, in + Akk. to)4) mit sein (gehen) go; (marschieren) march; (umherstreifen) roam; rove; (fortgehen) go away; leave; <fog, clouds> driftin den Krieg ziehen — go or march off to war
5) (saugen) drawan einer Zigarette/Pfeife ziehen — draw on a cigarette/pipe
6) <tea, coffee> draw7) (Kochk.) simmer8) unperses zieht [vom Fenster her] — there's a draught [from the window]
das zieht bei mir nicht — that won't wash or won't cut any ice with me (fig. coll.)
10) (schmerzen)es zieht [mir] im Rücken — I've got backache
3.ein leichtes/starkes Ziehen im Bauch — a slight/intense stomach ache
2)der Weg o. ä. zieht sich — (ugs.) the journey etc. goes on and on
* * *ziehen; zieht, zog, gezogenA. v/t (hat)1. (Pflug, Wagen etc) draw, pull; (Spülung) pull; (Handbremse) put on, pull up; (schleppen) drag; (schwere Lasten) haul; (zerren) tug;lass dich nicht so ziehen zu Kind: stop pulling (and keep up)!;ein Boot ans Ufer ziehen pull a boat ashore;jemanden am Ärmel ziehen tug at sb’s sleeve;jemanden an den Haaren/Ohren ziehen pull sb’s hair/ears;jemanden an sich (akk)ziehen draw sb to one;aus dem Wasser ziehen (Boot) pull ( oder haul) out of the water; (Ertrinkenden) auch pull from the water;kurz durchs Wasser ziehen give sth a quick rinse;jemanden mit sich ziehen pull sb along (with one);einen Ring vom Finger ziehen take a ring off, slip a ring from one’s finger;einen Pullover über die Bluse ziehen put a jumper (US sweater) on over the blouse;jemandem ein Brett über den Kopf ziehen (damit schlagen) hit sb on the head with a board;die Gardinen vors Fenster ziehen draw the curtains (across the window);jemanden zur Seite ziehen take sb aside2. (Zahn) pull out, extract; (Korken, Messer, Revolver etc) draw, pull out; (Möhren) pull up; (den Hut) take off; (Los, Gewinn) draw; (Karte) take; (auswählen) pick;die Fäden ziehen MED take out the stitches;Zigaretten (aus dem Automaten) ziehen get some cigarettes out of the machine3. (Linie) draw; (Kreis) auch describe; (Mauer) build, erect; (Graben) dig; (Wäscheleine) put up; (Leitungen) put sth in;einen Scheitel ziehen make a parting (US part);4. (dehnen) stretch;etwas lässt sich ziehen sth stretches, sth gives;die Suppe zieht Fäden the soup’s gone stringyeine Niete ziehen draw a blank7. (Kerzen) draw;Perlen auf eine Schnur ziehen thread beads;ziehen string a violin etc;Wein auf Flaschen ziehen bottle wine;ein Bild auf Karton ziehen print a picture on a card8. fig:auf sich (akk)jemanden auf seine Seite ziehen win sb over to one’s side;jemanden ins Gespräch/Vertrauen ziehen draw sb into ( oder include sb in) the conversation/take sb into one’s confidence;etwas ins Lächerliche ziehen ridicule sth, hold sth up to ridicule;nach sich ziehen zur Folge haben: have as a consequence, result in; notwendigerweise: entail, involve; verursachen: bring about, cause; als Nebeneffekt: bring with it ( oder in its wake);es zieht mich dorthin/zu ihr I feel drawn there/to her;es zieht mich nichts in diese Gesellschaft I don’t feel drawn to these people in any way; → Bilanz 2, Ferne 1, Länge 1, Schluss 5, zurate etcdie Kinder sind gut gezogen (erzogen) the children are well brought up;den werd ich mir schon noch ziehen I’ll teach him some mannersB. v/i1. (hat) pull (der Wagen zieht schlecht the car’s not pulling properly;er zieht schnell Cowboy etc: he’s quick on the draw;zieh! in Western: draw!;an der Glocke ziehen pull ( oder ring) the bell;2. (ist) (wandern, reisen) wander, rove; Tiere, Vögel: migrate; Vögel: auch fly; (weggehen) go (away), leave;ziehen nach/in (+akk) (umziehen) move to/into;aufs Land ziehen move to the country;zu jemandem ziehen go to live with sb, move in with sb;durch die Welt ziehen see (liter roam) the world;in den Krieg ziehen go to war;jemanden ziehen lassen let sb go;jemanden ungern ziehen lassen be sorry to see sb go3. (ist) Rauch, Wolken etc: drift;die Wolken ziehen the clouds drift ( schnell: scud) across the sky;das Gewitter ist nach Westen gezogen the storm has moved (away) westward4. (hat) Schach etc: (make a) move;mit dem König ziehen move the ( oder one’s) king;wer zieht? whose move is it?5. (hat) Ofen, Pfeife etc: draw;der Ofen zieht nicht the stove isn’t drawing;6. (hat) unpers:hier zieht’s there’s a draught (US draft);mir zieht’s am Rücken I can feel a draught (US draft) on my backden Tee etcziehen lassen let the tea etc stand8. umg:einen ziehen lassen let (one) off9. (hat) (schmerzen) twinge, ache;ziehender Schmerz twinge, ache; unpers:es zieht mir im Rücken I can feel a twinge in my back;ein leichtes Ziehen im Rücken haben have a slight pain ( oder ache) in one’s back, have a touch of (US a slight) backachedieses Stück zieht nicht the play isn’t getting very good houses ( oder audiences), the play isn’t pulling in the crowds ( oder isn’t exactly pulling them in umg);diese Ausrede zieht bei mir nicht that excuse won’t wash with me, try another one;Schmeichelei/das zieht bei mir nicht flattery/that will get you nowhere, flattery/that doesn’t work with meC. v/r (hat)1.sich an einem Seil in die Höhe ziehen pull o.s. up on a rope2. (sich dehnen) stretch, give; Käse: go stringy, form strings; Klebstoff: get tacky; umg, fig, Verhandlungen etc: drag on; Weg: go on and on;das zieht sich umg (dauert lange) it’s going on a bit4.sich ziehen über (+akk) Narbe: go right across;sich ziehen um Mauer, Wall: go right (a-)round, enclose;* * *1.unregelmäßiges transitives Verb1) pull; (sanfter) draw; (zerren) tug; (schleppen) dragPerlen auf eine Schnur ziehen — thread pearls/beads on to a string
ziehen und ablegen — (DV) drag and drop
2) (fig.)es zog ihn zu ihr/zu dem Ort — he felt drawn to her/to the place
alle Blicke auf sich ziehen — attract or capture all the attention
jemandes Zorn/Unwillen usw. auf sich ziehen — incur somebody's anger/displeasure etc.
etwas nach sich ziehen — result in something; entail something
3) (herausziehen) pull out <nail, cork, organ-stop, etc.>; extract < tooth>; take out, remove <stitches, splinter>; draw <cord, sword, pistol>den Hut ziehen — raise or doff one's hat
Zigaretten/Süßigkeiten usw. ziehen — (ugs.): (aus Automaten) get cigarettes/sweets etc. from a slot machine
die [Quadrat]wurzel ziehen — (Math.) extract the square root
5) (Gesichtspartien bewegen) make <face, grimace>die Stirn in Falten ziehen — wrinkle or knit one's brow; (missmutig) frown
6) (bei Brettspielen) move <chessman etc.>7)er zog den Rauch in die Lungen — he inhaled the smoke [into his lungs]
8) (zeichnen) draw <line, circle, arc, etc.>9) (anlegen) dig < trench>; build < wall>; erect < fence>; put up < washing-line>; run, lay <cable, wires>; draw < frontier>; trace < loop>; follow < course>sich (Dat.) einen Scheitel ziehen — make a parting [in one's hair]
11) (verblasst; auch als Funktionsverb) draw <lesson, conclusion, comparison>; s. auch Konsequenz 1); Rechenschaft; Verantwortung 1)2.unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb1) (reißen) pullan etwas (Dat.) ziehen — pull on something
an einem od. am selben Strang ziehen — (fig.) be pulling in the same direction
3) mit sein (umziehen) move (nach, in + Akk. to)4) mit sein (gehen) go; (marschieren) march; (umherstreifen) roam; rove; (fortgehen) go away; leave; <fog, clouds> driftin den Krieg ziehen — go or march off to war
5) (saugen) drawan einer Zigarette/Pfeife ziehen — draw on a cigarette/pipe
6) <tea, coffee> draw7) (Kochk.) simmer8) unperses zieht [vom Fenster her] — there's a draught [from the window]
das zieht bei mir nicht — that won't wash or won't cut any ice with me (fig. coll.)
10) (schmerzen)es zieht [mir] im Rücken — I've got backache
3.ein leichtes/starkes Ziehen im Bauch — a slight/intense stomach ache
2)der Weg o. ä. zieht sich — (ugs.) the journey etc. goes on and on
* * *n.traction n. -
74 corps
corps [kɔʀ]1. masculine nounc. [d'article, ouvrage] main body ; [de meuble] main partd. [de vin] body• le corps enseignant/médical the teaching/medical professionf. (locutions) se jeter or se lancer à corps perdu dans une entreprise to throw o.s. wholeheartedly into a venture• il faudra qu'ils me passent sur le corps ! over my dead body!2. compounds* * *kɔʀnom masculin invariable1) Anatomie bodyqu'est-ce qu'elle a dans le corps? — fig what has got GB ou gotten US into her?
passer sur le corps de quelqu'un — fig to trample somebody underfoot
faire corps avec — (avec sa famille, un groupe) to stand solidly behind; ( avec la nature) to be at one with
3) Armée corps4) (de doctrine, texte) body5) Technologie ( partie principale) (d'instrument, de machine) body; ( de meuble) main part; ( de bâtiment) (main) body6) ( consistance) body7) ( objet) body8) Chimie substance9) ( de caractère d'imprimerie) type size10) ( de vêtement) bodice; ( de cuirasse) breastplate•Phrasal Verbs:••* * *kɔʀ nm1) (vivant) bodyun corps d'athlète — the body of an athlete, an athletic body
se lancer corps et âme dans qch — to throw o.s. body and soul into sth
2) (par opposition aux membres) bodyprès du corps; Tenez vos mains près du corps. — Keep your hands close to your body.
3) (= cadavre) body, dead body4) (= objet, élément) bodyun corps fluide — a fluid body, a fluid
5) (= groupe, unité) body6) (= corporation)7) MILITAIRE corpsfaire corps avec — to be joined to, (idée de cohésion) to form one body with
* * *corps ⇒ Le corps humain nm inv1 Anat body; corps humain human body; mouvement/forme du corps body movement/shape; qu'est-ce qu'elle a dans le corps? fig what has got GB ou gotten US into her?; (combat) corps à corps hand-to-hand combat; lutter (au) corps à corps to fight hand to hand; se donner corps et âme à to give oneself body and soul to; appartenir corps et âme à qn to belong to sb body and soul; passer sur le corps de qn fig to trample sb underfoot; ⇒ larme, sain, diable;2 Sociol ( groupe) body; ( profession) profession; corps professionnel professional body; corps d'ingénieurs/de spécialistes body of engineers/of specialists; corps médical/enseignant medical/teaching profession; le corps électoral the electorate; faire corps avec (avec sa famille, un groupe, une profession) to stand solidly behind; ( avec la nature) to be at one with; ⇒ grand;3 Mil corps; corps d'armée army corps; corps blindé armouredGB corps; corps d'artillerie/d'infanterie/d'élite artillery/infantry/elite corps; corps expéditionnaire expeditionary force;4 (de doctrine, texte) body;5 Tech ( partie principale) (d'instrument, de machine) body; ( de meuble) main part; ( de bâtiment) (main) body;7 ( objet) body;8 Chimie substance; corps gras fatty substance;9 Imprim ( de caractère) type size;corps adipeux fat body; corps astral astral body; corps de ballet corps de ballet; corps de bataille field forces (pl); corps calleux corpus callosum; corps caverneux corpora cavernosa (pl); corps de chauffe heater; corps du Christ body of Christ; corps composé compound; corps constitué constituent body; corps consulaire consular service; corps du délit Jur corpus delicti; corps diplomatique diplomatic corps; corps et biens Naut with all hands; corps étranger foreign body; corps de ferme Archit farm building; corps de garde guardroom; corps gazeux gas; corps jaune Anat corpus luteum; corps judiciaire Jur judicature; corps de logis Archit main building; corps de métier corporate body; corps de moyeu Mécan hub shell; corps noir Phys black body; corps de pompe Mécan pump-barrel; corps de preuves body of evidence; corps des sapeurs-pompiers fire service; corps simple element; corps social society; corps spongieux corpus spongiosum; corps strié corpus striatum; corps de troupe troop units (pl); corps vitré vitreous body.[kɔr] nom masculin1. PHYSIOLOGIE bodynationaliser? il faudra me passer sur le corps! (figuré & humoristique) nationalize? (it'll be) over my dead body!elle te passerait sur le corps pour obtenir le poste (figuré) she'd trample you underfoot to get the jobfaire corps avec to be at ou as one withprès du corps [vêtement] close-fitting, figure-hugging2. [cadavre] body3. [élément, substance] bodycorps simple/composé simple/compound bodycorps céleste celestial ou heavenly body4. [groupe, communauté]le corps électoral the electorate, the body of votersun corps d'état ou de métier a building tradegrand corps de l'Étatsenior civil servants recruited through the École nationale d'administration5. MILITAIREa. [soldats] guardsb. [local] guardroom8. [consistance - d'un tissu, d'un arôme] bodydonner corps à une idée/un plan to give substance to an idea/a schemea. [sauce] to thickenb. [projet] to take shape9. ANATOMIE10. RELIGION————————à corps perdu locution adverbialese jeter ou se lancer à corps perdu dans une aventure/entreprise to throw oneself headlong into an affair/a taskà mon corps défendant locution adverbiale,à son corps défendant etc. locution adverbialecorps et âme locution adverbialecorps et biens locution adverbiale -
75 pointe
c black pointe [pwɛ̃t]1. feminine nouna. [de grillage] spike ; [de côte] headland ; [d'aiguille, épée] point ; [de flèche, lance] head ; [de couteau, crayon, clocher, clou] tipc. ( = allusion ironique) pointed remark ; ( = trait d'esprit) witticismd. ( = petite quantité) une pointe d'ail/d'ironie a hint of garlic/of ironye. ( = maximum) peak• pousser une pointe de vitesse [athlète, cycliste, automobiliste] to put on a burst of speed• heure de pointe (gaz, électricité, téléphone) peak period ; (circulation) rush hour ; (magasin) busy periodc black2. compounds* * *pwɛ̃t
1.
1) ( extrémité) (de couteau, crayon) point; ( de chaussure) toe; ( des cheveux) end; ( de grille) spike; (de lance, flèche) tip, point2) figde pointe — [technologie] advanced, state-of-the-art; [secteur, industrie] high-tech; [entreprise] leading
3) ( maximum) highvitesse de pointe — maximum ou top speed
4) ( petite quantité) (d'ail, de cannelle) touch; (d'accent, ironie) hint5) ( clou) nail6) ( outil) ( pour tailler) cutter; ( pour graver) metal point7) ( de chausson de danse) blocked shoe; ( extrémité du chausson) point8) ( allusion désagréable) pointed ou barbed remark
2.
pointes nom féminin pluriel1) Sport2) ( en danse)•Phrasal Verbs:••tailler les oreilles en pointe (colloq) à quelqu'un — to give somebody a thick ear
* * *pwɛ̃t1. nf1) (= extrémité) point2) [côte] headland3) (= allusion) dig4) (petite quantité) touchune pointe d'ail — a touch of garlic, a hint of garlic
5)avec des pointes à... — up to a maximum of...
de pointe (technique) — advanced, state-of-the-art
Ce pays est en pointe dans le domaine des énergies renouvelables. — This country is a leader in the field of renewable energy.
2. pointes nfpl* * *A nf1 ( bout piquant) point; se piquer le doigt sur la pointe d'un couteau to cut one's finger on the point of a knife;2 ( extrémité qui s'amenuise) (de col, clocher, crayon, sein) point; ( de chaussure) toe; ( des cheveux) end; en pointe pointed; une barbe en pointe a pointed beard; tailler un buisson en pointe to shape a bush into a point;3 ( objet pointu) ( de grille) spike; (de lance, flèche) tip, point; un casque à pointe a helmet with a spike;4 ( niveau très avancé) de pointe [technologie, technique] advanced, state-of-the-art; [domaine, secteur, industrie] high-tech; [formation, idées] advanced; [entreprise, spécialiste] leading; un système électronique à la pointe du progrès a state-of-the-art electronic system; être à la pointe de la mode [personne] to be up with the latest fashion; une entreprise à la pointe de la modernité an extremely modern company;5 ( niveau supérieur à la moyenne) high; une pointe de 20% sur la courbe du chômage a 20% high on the unemployment curve; une activité qui connaît de fortes pointes saisonnières an activity with seasonal highs; un enfant qui a des pointes de température de 40° a child whose temperature shoots up to 40°C; une vitesse de pointe de 200 km/h a maximum ou top speed of 200 km/h; il a poussé une pointe de 180 km/h he touched a top speed of 180 km/h; aux heures de pointe at peak time; le métro est bondé parce que c'est l'heure de pointe the metro is packed because it's the rush hour; évitez les heures de pointe avoid peak times;6 ( petite quantité) touch; ajoutez une pointe d'ail/de cannelle add a touch of garlic/of cinnamon; une pointe d'ironie a hint of irony; une pointe d'accent italien a hint of an ou a slight Italian accent;7 ( clou) nail;8 ( allusion désagréable) pointed ou barbed remark; lancer des pointes à qn to level cutting remarks at sb;10 ( foulard) (triangular) scarf;11 ( couche) (triangular) nappy;15 Hérald base.B pointes nfpl2 Danse faire des pointes to dance on points.pointe d'asperge asparagus tip; pointe de diamant diamond cutter; pointe de feu Méd ignipuncture; pointe du jour daybreak; pointe du pied toes (pl), tiptoe; tendre la pointe du pied to point one's toes; marcher sur la pointe des pieds to walk on tiptoe; elle est entrée sur la pointe des pieds she tiptoed in; aborder une question sur la pointe des pieds fig to broach a matter carefully; pointe sèche Art metal point.tailler or couper les oreilles en pointe à qn to give sb a thick ear.[pwɛ̃t] nom fémininmets-toi sur la pointe des pieds stand on tiptoe ou on the tips of your toeselle traversa la pièce/monta l'escalier sur la pointe des pieds she tiptoed across the room/up the stairs4. MILITAIRE [avancée] advanced party[mot d'esprit] witticism8. ACOUSTIQUE9. ART10. INDUSTRIE [d'un tour] (lathe) centre[d'une machine-outil] cone————————pointes nom féminin plurielà la pointe de locution prépositionnelleà la pointe du jour locution adverbiale————————de pointe locution adjectivale1. [puissance, période] peak (avant nom)vitesse de pointe maximum ou top speed————————en pointe locution adjectivale[menton] pointed[décolleté] plunging————————en pointe locution adverbiale1. [en forme de pointe] to a pointa. [barbe] to shape to a pointb. [diamant] to cut to a point2. [à grande vitesse] at top speed -
76 line
I [laɪn]1) (mark) linea f., riga f., segno m.; (shorter, thicker) tratto m.; art. tratto m.; sport (on pitch, court) linea f.; mat. linea f.straight, curved line — linea retta, curva
to put a line through sth. — tirare una linea sopra qcs., barrare qcs.
starting line, finishing line — sport linea di partenza, d'arrivo
to cross the line — sport tagliare il traguardo
the line AB — (in geometry) il segmento AB
2) (of people, cars) fila f.; (of trees) fila f., filare m.; (of footprints) serie f.to stand in a line — essere o stare in fila
to be in line with — [ cooker] essere allineato con [ cupboard]
out of line — [ picture] storto, non allineato
3) fig.to be in line for promotion, for the post of — essere candidato alla promozione, al posto di
4) AE (queue) coda f.6) arch. sart. (outline shape) linea f.7) (boundary) linea f. di confine, confine m.state line — confine di stato, frontiera
8) (rope) corda f., filo m.; pesc. lenza f.9) el. (cable) linea f. (elettrica)10) tel. (connection) linea f.to be on the line to sb. — essere in linea con qcn.
to get off the line — colloq. riattaccare
12) (in genealogy) linea f., discendenza f.to trace one's line back to sb. — far risalire le proprie origini a qcn.
13) (in prose) riga f.; (in poetry) verso m.; (of music) rigo m.a line from — una citazione da [ poem]
to learn one's lines — teatr. imparare la parte
14) (conformity)to fall into line with — [ person] allinearsi, conformarsi a [ view]
to bring sth. into line with — conformare qcs. a
to keep sb. in line — fare rigare dritto qcn.
our prices are out of line with those of our competitors — i nostri prezzi non sono allineati a quelli dei nostri concorrenti
to be (way) out of line — [ remark] essere completamente fuori luogo
you're way out of line! — colloq. stai esagerando! hai proprio passato il limite!
15) colloq. (piece of information)to have a line on sb., sth. — avere delle informazioni su qcn., qcs.
16) (stance)to take a firm line with sb. — seguire la linea dura con qcn.
17) comm. linea f. (di prodotti)18) mil.19) (equator)20) colloq. (of cocaine) pista f.21) in line withto be in line with — essere in linea con [trend, view]
to increase in line with — aumentare proporzionalmente o parallelamente a
••all along the line, right down the line — su tutta la linea
II [laɪn]somewhere along the line — (at point in time) in un certo momento; (at stage) da qualche parte
1) (stand along) [ trees] fiancheggiare [ route]; [ spectators] essere disposto lungo [ street]2) (mark)to be lined with — essere segnato da [ worry]
•- line upIII [laɪn]* * *I 1. noun1) ((a piece of) thread, cord, rope etc: She hung the washing on the line; a fishing-rod and line.)2) (a long, narrow mark, streak or stripe: She drew straight lines across the page; a dotted/wavy line.)3) (outline or shape especially relating to length or direction: The ship had very graceful lines; A dancer uses a mirror to improve his line.)4) (a groove on the skin; a wrinkle.)5) (a row or group of objects or persons arranged side by side or one behind the other: The children stood in a line; a line of trees.)6) (a short letter: I'll drop him a line.)7) (a series or group of persons which come one after the other especially in the same family: a line of kings.)8) (a track or direction: He pointed out the line of the new road; a new line of research.)9) (the railway or a single track of the railway: Passengers must cross the line by the bridge only.)10) (a continuous system (especially of pipes, electrical or telephone cables etc) connecting one place with another: a pipeline; a line of communication; All (telephone) lines are engaged.)11) (a row of written or printed words: The letter contained only three lines; a poem of sixteen lines.)12) (a regular service of ships, aircraft etc: a shipping line.)13) (a group or class (of goods for sale) or a field of activity, interest etc: This has been a very popular new line; Computers are not really my line.)14) (an arrangement of troops, especially when ready to fight: fighting in the front line.)2. verb1) (to form lines along: Crowds lined the pavement to see the Queen.)2) (to mark with lines.)•- lineage- linear- lined- liner- lines- linesman
- hard lines!
- in line for
- in
- out of line with
- line up
- read between the lines II verb1) (to cover on the inside: She lined the box with newspaper.)2) (to put a lining in: She lined the dress with silk.)•- lined- liner- lining* * *I [laɪn]1) (mark) linea f., riga f., segno m.; (shorter, thicker) tratto m.; art. tratto m.; sport (on pitch, court) linea f.; mat. linea f.straight, curved line — linea retta, curva
to put a line through sth. — tirare una linea sopra qcs., barrare qcs.
starting line, finishing line — sport linea di partenza, d'arrivo
to cross the line — sport tagliare il traguardo
the line AB — (in geometry) il segmento AB
2) (of people, cars) fila f.; (of trees) fila f., filare m.; (of footprints) serie f.to stand in a line — essere o stare in fila
to be in line with — [ cooker] essere allineato con [ cupboard]
out of line — [ picture] storto, non allineato
3) fig.to be in line for promotion, for the post of — essere candidato alla promozione, al posto di
4) AE (queue) coda f.6) arch. sart. (outline shape) linea f.7) (boundary) linea f. di confine, confine m.state line — confine di stato, frontiera
8) (rope) corda f., filo m.; pesc. lenza f.9) el. (cable) linea f. (elettrica)10) tel. (connection) linea f.to be on the line to sb. — essere in linea con qcn.
to get off the line — colloq. riattaccare
12) (in genealogy) linea f., discendenza f.to trace one's line back to sb. — far risalire le proprie origini a qcn.
13) (in prose) riga f.; (in poetry) verso m.; (of music) rigo m.a line from — una citazione da [ poem]
to learn one's lines — teatr. imparare la parte
14) (conformity)to fall into line with — [ person] allinearsi, conformarsi a [ view]
to bring sth. into line with — conformare qcs. a
to keep sb. in line — fare rigare dritto qcn.
our prices are out of line with those of our competitors — i nostri prezzi non sono allineati a quelli dei nostri concorrenti
to be (way) out of line — [ remark] essere completamente fuori luogo
you're way out of line! — colloq. stai esagerando! hai proprio passato il limite!
15) colloq. (piece of information)to have a line on sb., sth. — avere delle informazioni su qcn., qcs.
16) (stance)to take a firm line with sb. — seguire la linea dura con qcn.
17) comm. linea f. (di prodotti)18) mil.19) (equator)20) colloq. (of cocaine) pista f.21) in line withto be in line with — essere in linea con [trend, view]
to increase in line with — aumentare proporzionalmente o parallelamente a
••all along the line, right down the line — su tutta la linea
II [laɪn]somewhere along the line — (at point in time) in un certo momento; (at stage) da qualche parte
1) (stand along) [ trees] fiancheggiare [ route]; [ spectators] essere disposto lungo [ street]2) (mark)to be lined with — essere segnato da [ worry]
•- line upIII [laɪn] -
77 осциллограф
осциллограф
-
[IEV number 312-02-13]EN
oscillograph
instrument intended to record, in the form of a permanent trace, instantaneous values of a quantity
[IEV number 312-02-13]FR
oscillographe
appareil destiné à enregistrer, sous forme d'un tracé permanent, des valeurs instantanées d'une grandeur
[IEV number 312-02-13]Тематики
- измерение электр. величин в целом
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > осциллограф
-
78 осциллоскоп
- Oszilloskop, Elektronenstrahl-
- Oszilloskop
- Elektronenstrahl-Oszilloskop
осциллоскоп
-
[IEV number 312-02-12]
(электроннолучевой) осциллоскоп
-
[IEV number 313-05-01]EN
oscilloscope
instrument intended to show, in the form of a transitory trace, instantaneous values of a quantity
[IEV number 312-02-12]
(electron beam) oscilloscope
instrument for measurement or observation purposes which uses the deflection of one or more electron beams to produce a display which represents the instantaneous values or functions of varying quantities, one of them, in general, being time
[IEV number 313-05-01]FR
oscilloscope
appareil destiné à représenter, sous forme d'un tracé non permanent, des valeurs instantanées d'une grandeur
[IEV number 312-02-12]
oscilloscope (cathodique)
appareil de mesure ou d'observation utilisant la déviation d'un ou plusieurs faisceaux d'électrons pour fournir une représentation des valeurs instantanées ou des fonctions de grandeurs variables, l'une d'elles étant, en général, le temps
[IEV number 313-05-01]Тематики
- измерение электр. величин в целом
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Elektronenstrahl-Oszilloskop
- Oszilloskop
- Oszilloskop, Elektronenstrahl-
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > осциллоскоп
-
79 oscillographe
осциллограф
-
[IEV number 312-02-13]EN
oscillograph
instrument intended to record, in the form of a permanent trace, instantaneous values of a quantity
[IEV number 312-02-13]FR
oscillographe
appareil destiné à enregistrer, sous forme d'un tracé permanent, des valeurs instantanées d'une grandeur
[IEV number 312-02-13]Тематики
- измерение электр. величин в целом
EN
DE
FR
Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > oscillographe
-
80 oscilloscope
осциллоскоп
-
[IEV number 312-02-12]
(электроннолучевой) осциллоскоп
-
[IEV number 313-05-01]EN
oscilloscope
instrument intended to show, in the form of a transitory trace, instantaneous values of a quantity
[IEV number 312-02-12]
(electron beam) oscilloscope
instrument for measurement or observation purposes which uses the deflection of one or more electron beams to produce a display which represents the instantaneous values or functions of varying quantities, one of them, in general, being time
[IEV number 313-05-01]FR
oscilloscope
appareil destiné à représenter, sous forme d'un tracé non permanent, des valeurs instantanées d'une grandeur
[IEV number 312-02-12]
oscilloscope (cathodique)
appareil de mesure ou d'observation utilisant la déviation d'un ou plusieurs faisceaux d'électrons pour fournir une représentation des valeurs instantanées ou des fonctions de grandeurs variables, l'une d'elles étant, en général, le temps
[IEV number 313-05-01]Тематики
- измерение электр. величин в целом
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Elektronenstrahl-Oszilloskop
- Oszilloskop
- Oszilloskop, Elektronenstrahl-
FR
Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > oscilloscope
См. также в других словарях:
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