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1 private practice
private practice n GB Med cabinet m privé ; to work ou be in private practice travailler hors des services de santé de l'État. -
2 private practice
nome BE med. esercizio m. privato della professioneto work o be in private practice — [ doctor] esercitare privatamente
* * *n Britstudio or ambulatorio privato* * *nome BE med. esercizio m. privato della professioneto work o be in private practice — [ doctor] esercitare privatamente
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3 private practice
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4 practice
I nounput in or do some/a lot of practice — üben/viel üben
practice makes perfect — (prov.) Übung macht den Meister
be out of practice, not be in practice — außer Übung sein
2) (spell) Übungen Pl.piano practice — Klavierüben, das
3) (work or business of doctor, lawyer, etc.) Praxis, die; see also academic.ru/101863/general_practice">general practice4) (habitual action) übliche Praxis; Gewohnheit, diepractice shows that... — die Erfahrung zeigt od. lehrt, dass...
good practice — (sound procedure) gutes Vorgehen
5) (action) Praxis, diein practice — in der Praxis; in Wirklichkeit
put something into practice — etwas in die Praxis umsetzen
6) (custom) Gewohnheit, dieIIregular practice — Brauch, der
* * *['præktis]1) (the actual doing of something, as opposed to the theory or idea: In theory the plan should work, but in practice there are a lot of difficulties.) die Praxis2) (the usual way(s) of doing things; (a) habit or custom: It was his usual practice to rise at 6.00 a.m.) die Gewohnheit3) (the repeated performance or exercise of something in order to learn to do it well: She has musical talent, but she needs a lot of practice; Have a quick practice before you start.) die Übung4) (a doctor's or lawyer's business: He has a practice in Southampton.) die Praxis•- be in / out of practice- make a practice of
- put into practice* * *prac·tice[ˈpræktɪs]I. nit will take a lot of \practice ich werde noch viel üben müssenI've had plenty of \practice at answering difficult questions ich bin es gewohnt, schwierige Fragen zu beantworten▪ to be out of/in \practice aus der/in Übung seinchoir \practice Chorprobe fdriving \practice Fahrstunde ffootball/hockey \practice Fußball-/Hockeytraining nt▪ in \practice in der Praxisto put sth into \practice etw [in die Praxis] umsetzento put a method/theory into \practice eine Methode/Theorie anwendento put a plan into \practice einen Plan verwirklichen [o ausführencode of \practice Verhaltenskodex mto be accepted [or normal] [or standard] \practice üblich sein; (to be good/bad practice) ratsam/inakzeptabel seinit is very bad \practice to... es zeugt von schlechten Geschäftspraktiken, wenn man...business/working \practices Geschäfts-/Arbeitspraktiken pla cruel \practice eine grausame Sittetraditional religious \practices traditionelle religiöse Praktikento make a \practice of sth etw zu einer Gewohnheit werden lassendental/medical/veterinary \practice Zahnarzt-/Arzt-/Tierarztpraxis flegal \practice [Rechtsanwalts]kanzlei fprivate \practice [Privat]praxis fto go into private \practice eine eigene Praxis aufmachen▪ to be in \practice praktizieren8.a \practice session ein Trainingprac·tise[ˈpræktɪs]AM prac·ticeI. vt1. (rehearse)to \practice one's backhand die Rückhand trainierento \practice the flute/piano/violin Flöte/Klavier/Geige übento \practice one's German/English Deutsch/Englisch übento \practice a sonata/song eine Sonate/ein Lied proben2. (do regularly)▪ to \practice sth etw [üblicherweise] machen [o tun], etw praktizierenI have started practising meditation ich habe angefangen zu meditierenfoot-binding is no longer \practiced in China in China ist es nicht mehr üblich, den Mädchen die Füße zu bindento \practice austerity ein einfaches Leben führen, bescheiden lebento \practice birth control verhütento \practice black magic/sorcery/voodoo schwarze Magie/Zauberei/Voodoozauber betreibento \practice cannibalism Kannibalismus praktizierento \practice celibacy/monogamy/polygamy zölibatär/monogam/polygam lebento \practice a custom einen Brauch befolgento \practice deceit [or deception] [gewohnheitsmäßig] betrügento \practice discrimination diskriminierento \practice a religion eine Religion ausübento \practice safe sex sicheren Sex [o Safer Sex] praktizierento \practice thrift sparsam leben3. (work in)▪ to \practice sth etw praktizierenshe \practiced medicine for twenty years sie war zwanzig Jahre lang als Ärztin tätigto \practice dentistry als Zahnarzt/Zahnärztin praktizierento \practice law als Anwalt/Anwältin praktizierento \practice medicine als Arzt/Ärztin praktizieren, den Arztberuf ausüben4.II. vi2. (work in a profession) praktizieren, als etw tätig seinhe trained as a lawyer but he's no longer practising er ist Anwalt, übt seinen Beruf aber nicht mehr austo \practice as a doctor praktizierender Arzt/praktizierende Ärztin seinto \practice as a lawyer praktizierender Anwalt/praktizierende Anwältin sein* * *['prktɪs]1. n1) (= habit, custom) (of individual) Gewohnheitf, Angewohnheitf; (of group, in country) Brauchm, Sittef; (= bad habit) Unsittef; (in business) Verfahrensweise, Praktikfhe opposes the practice of pubs being open on Sundays — er ist dagegen, dass Lokale am Sonntag geöffnet sind
this is normal business practice — das ist im Geschäftsleben so üblich
to make a practice of doing sth, to make it a practice to do sth — es sich (dat)
Christian practice dictates... — das christliche Brauchtum verlangt...
it is the practice of this Court to... — es ist an diesem Gericht üblich, zu...
that's common practice — das ist allgemeine Praxis, das ist allgemein üblich
2) (= exercise, training) Übungf; (= rehearsal, trial run) Probef; (SPORT) Trainingnt; (= practice game) TrainingsspielntMichael Schuhmacher had the fastest time in practice — Michael Schuhmacher fuhr im Training die schnellste Zeit
this piece of music needs a lot of practice — für dieses( Musik)stück muss man viel üben
you should do 10 minutes' practice each day — du solltest täglich 10 Minuten (lang) üben
to be out of practice — aus der Übung sein
that was just a practice run — das war nur mal zur Probe
the first practice session — die erste Übung/Probe/das erste Training
3) (= doing, as opposed to theory) Praxisfto put one's ideas into practice — seine Ideen in die Praxis umsetzen
4) (of doctor, lawyer etc) Praxisfhe returned to the practice of law/medicine — er praktizierte wieder als Rechtsanwalt/Arzt
to go into or set up in practice — eine Praxis aufmachen or eröffnen, sich als Arzt/Rechtsanwalt etc niederlassen
2. vti (US)See:= practise* * *practice [ˈpræktıs]A s1. Brauch m, Gewohnheit f, Praxis f, übliches Verfahren:make a practice of sth sich etwas zur Gewohnheit machen;don’t make a practice of it lass es nicht zur Gewohnheit werden oder einreißen;it is common practice es ist allgemein üblich;it is not the usual practice for him to get drunk es ist bei ihm nicht üblich, dass er sich betrinkt; üblicherweise betrinkt er sich nichtpractice makes perfect (Sprichwort) Übung macht den Meister;be in (out of) practice in (aus) der Übung sein;keep in practice in der Übung bleibenb) Motorsport etc: Training n3. Praxis f (Ggs Theorie):in practice in der Praxis;put in(to) practice in die Praxis oder Tat umsetzen;practice-orient(at)ed praxisorientiert4. (Arzt- etc) Praxis f:be in practice praktizieren, eine Praxis haben5. a) Handlungsweise f, Praktik fb) oft pl pej (unsaubere) Praktiken pl, Machenschaften pl, Schliche pl6. JUR Verfahren(sregeln) n(pl), formelles Recht7. TECH Verfahren n, Technik f:welding practice SchweißtechnikB adj Übungs…:practice alarm Probealarm m;practice ammunition Übungsmunition f;practice cartridge Exerzierpatrone f;1. üben, (gewohnheitsmäßig) tun oder (be)treiben:practice politeness höflich sein;practice what you preach tue selbst, was du predigstpractice medicine (law) als Arzt (Anwalt) praktizierenpractice dancing sich im Tanzen üben;practice a piece of music ein Musikstück (ein)üben4. jemanden üben, schulen, ausbilden5. verüben:practice a fraud on sb jemanden arglistig täuschenD v/i1. handeln, tun, verfahren2. praktizieren (as als Arzt, Jurist):3. (sich) üben:practice on the piano (sich auf dem) Klavier üben4. practice (up)on* * *I nounput in or do some/a lot of practice — üben/viel üben
practice makes perfect — (prov.) Übung macht den Meister
be out of practice, not be in practice — außer Übung sein
2) (spell) Übungen Pl.piano practice — Klavierüben, das
4) (habitual action) übliche Praxis; Gewohnheit, diepractice shows that... — die Erfahrung zeigt od. lehrt, dass...
good practice — (sound procedure) gutes Vorgehen
5) (action) Praxis, diein practice — in der Praxis; in Wirklichkeit
6) (custom) Gewohnheit, dieIIregular practice — Brauch, der
* * *n.Gepflogenheit f.Gewohnheit f.Praxis -en f.Routine -n f.Übung -en f. (UK) v.üben v. (US) v.ausüben v.betreiben v.praktizieren v.trainieren v.üben v. (medicine) v.praktizieren (Arzt) v. v.seine Praxis ausüben ausdr. -
5 practice
prac·tice [ʼpræktɪs] nit will take a lot of \practice ich werde noch viel üben müssen;I've had plenty of \practice at answering difficult questions ich bin es gewohnt, schwierige Fragen zu beantworten;to be out of/in \practice aus der/in Übung seinchoir \practice Chorprobe f;driving \practice Fahrstunde f;in \practice in der Praxis;to put sth into \practice etw [in die Praxis] umsetzen;to put a method/theory into \practice eine Methode/Theorie anwenden;to put a plan into \practice einen Plan verwirklichen [o ausführen];code of \practice Verhaltenskodex m;( to be good/bad \practice) ratsam/inakzeptabel sein;it is very bad \practice to... es zeugt von schlechten Geschäftspraktiken, wenn man...a cruel \practice eine grausame Sitte;traditional religious \practices traditionelle religiöse Praktiken;to make a \practice of sth etw zu einer Gewohnheit werden lassenlegal \practice [Rechtsanwalts]kanzlei f;private \practice [Privat]praxis fto go into private \practice eine eigene Praxis aufmachen;to be in \practice praktizierenPHRASES: -
6 work
- work an invention- work in practice
- work of authorship
- copyrighted work
- derivative works
- intellectual work
- inventive work
- literary work
- patent work
- private patent work
- pseudonymous work
- research scientific work
- supplementary work
- underlying work -
7 practice
'præktis1) (the actual doing of something, as opposed to the theory or idea: In theory the plan should work, but in practice there are a lot of difficulties.) práctica2) (the usual way(s) of doing things; (a) habit or custom: It was his usual practice to rise at 6.00 a.m.) costumbre3) (the repeated performance or exercise of something in order to learn to do it well: She has musical talent, but she needs a lot of practice; Have a quick practice before you start.) entrenamiento, ejercicio4) (a doctor's or lawyer's business: He has a practice in Southampton.) consultorio, gabinete, bufete; clientela•- make a practice of
- put into practice
practice n prácticaI haven't played for a long time, I need practice hace mucho tiempo que no juego, me hace falta prácticatr['præktɪs]2 (action, reality) práctica3 (custom, habit) costumbre nombre femenino4 (exercise of profession) ejercicio; (place - of doctor) consultorio, consulta; (- of lawyer) bufete nombre masculino, gabinete nombre masculino1 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL→ link=practise practise{\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLpractice makes perfect la práctica hace al maestroto make a practice of doing something tener como norma hacer algoto put something into practice poner algo en práctica, llevar algo a la prácticapiano practice ejercicios nombre masculino plural de pianoteaching practice prácticas nombre femenino plural de magisterio1) : practicarhe practiced his German on us: practicó el alemán con nosotrosto practice politeness: practicar la cortesía2) : ejercerto practice medicine: ejercer la medicinapractice n1) use: práctica fto put into practice: poner en práctica2) custom: costumbre fit's a common practice here: por aquí se acostumbra hacerlo3) training: práctica f4) : ejercicio m (de una profesión)n.• costumbre s.f.• ejercicio s.m.• ensayo s.m.• estudio s.m.• práctica s.f.• uso s.m.v.• adiestrar v.• ejercitar v.• ensayar v.• practicar v.'præktəs, 'præktɪs
I
1) u (training, repetition) práctica fpiano practice — ejercicios mpl de piano
target practice — prácticas fpl de tiro
practice teaching o (BrE) teaching practice — prácticas fpl de magisterio
practice makes perfect — la práctica hace al maestro; (before n) < game> de entrenamiento
practice session — ( Sport) sesión f de entrenamiento; ( Mus) ensayo m
2) ua) (carrying out, implementing) práctica fto put something into practice — llevar algo a la práctica, poner* algo en práctica
b) ( exercise of profession) ejercicio m3) c u (custom, procedure) costumbre fit's our practice to take up references — solemos or acostumbramos pedir referencias
working practices — métodos mpl de trabajo
4) ca) ( Med) consultorio m, consulta fb) ( Law) bufete m, estudio m jurídico (CS)
II
1.
BrE practise transitive verb1) ( rehearse) practicar*; \<\<song/act\>\> ensayar2)a) \<\<belief/Christianity\>\> practicar*he doesn't practice what he preaches — no hace lo que predica, no predica con el ejemplo
b) (carry out, perform)c) \<\<doctor/lawyer\>\> ejercer*he practices law — ejerce de or como abogado, ejerce la abogacía
3) practicing pres pa) <doctor/lawyer> en ejercicio (de su profesión)b) < Catholic> practicantec) < homosexual> activo
2.
vi1) (rehearse, train) practicar*2) ( professionally) ejercer*['præktɪs]1. N1) (=custom, tradition) costumbref, prácticaf; (=procedure) prácticafancient pagan practices — las antiguas costumbres {or} prácticas paganas
the practice of sending young offenders to prison — la práctica de enviar a prisión a los menores que han cometido un delito
unfair trade practices — prácticas fplde comercio desleales
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it is [bad] practice — no es una práctica recomendablethese mistakes do not point to bad practice in general — estos errores no apuntan a deficiencias en los métodos que se practican
•
it is [common] practice among modern companies to hire all their office equipment — entre las empresas modernas es una práctica muy extendida alquilar todo su material y mobiliario de oficina•
it is [good] practice to interview several candidates before choosing one — es una práctica recomendable entrevistar a varios aspirantes antes de decidirse por uno•
to [make] a practice of doing sth — acostumbrar a hacer algo•
it is [normal] {or} [standard] practice for newspapers not to disclose such details — los periódicos tienen por norma no revelar ese tipo de detallesthis procedure has become standard practice in most hospitals — en la mayoría de los hospitales este procedimiento se ha convertido en norma; business; restrictive; sharp
2) (=experience, drilling) prácticafI need more practice — (=practical experience) necesito más práctica; (=to practise more) necesito practicar más
I haven't got a job yet but the interviews are good practice — aún no tengo trabajo pero las entrevistas me sirven de práctica
•
to be [out] of practice — (at sport) no estar en formatarget 3., teaching 2.•
it gets easier [with] practice — resulta más fácil con la práctica3) (Sport)(=training session) sesiónfde entrenamiento, entrenamientom4) (=rehearsal) ensayom•
[choir] practice — ensayomde coro5) (=reality) prácticaf•
[in] practice — en la práctica•
to [put] sth into practice — poner algo en práctica6) (=exercise)a) [of profession]ejerciciom•
to be [in] practice (as a doctor/lawyer) — ejercer (de médico/abogado)•
to go [into] practice — (Med)empezar a ejercer de médico•
to [set up] in practice — (Med)poner consulta; (Jur)poner bufeteto set up in practice as a doctor/solicitor — establecerse de {or} como médico/abogado
b) [of religion]prácticaf7) (=premises, firm) (Jur)bufetem; (Med)consultoriom, consultaf; (veterinary, dental) clínicafa new doctor has just joined the practice — acaba de llegar un médico nuevo al consultorio; family; general; group; private
2.VTVI (US) = practise3.CPDpractice flightN — vuelomde entrenamiento
practice gameN — juegomde entrenamiento
practice managerN — [of medical practice]director(a)m/fde clínica (médica)
practice matchN — partidomde entrenamiento
practice nurseN — enfermero(-a)m/fdel consultorio
practice runN — (Sport)carrerafde entrenamiento
practice sessionN — (Sport)sesiónfde entrenamiento; (Scol, Mus)ensayom
* * *['præktəs, 'præktɪs]
I
1) u (training, repetition) práctica fpiano practice — ejercicios mpl de piano
target practice — prácticas fpl de tiro
practice teaching o (BrE) teaching practice — prácticas fpl de magisterio
practice makes perfect — la práctica hace al maestro; (before n) < game> de entrenamiento
practice session — ( Sport) sesión f de entrenamiento; ( Mus) ensayo m
2) ua) (carrying out, implementing) práctica fto put something into practice — llevar algo a la práctica, poner* algo en práctica
b) ( exercise of profession) ejercicio m3) c u (custom, procedure) costumbre fit's our practice to take up references — solemos or acostumbramos pedir referencias
working practices — métodos mpl de trabajo
4) ca) ( Med) consultorio m, consulta fb) ( Law) bufete m, estudio m jurídico (CS)
II
1.
BrE practise transitive verb1) ( rehearse) practicar*; \<\<song/act\>\> ensayar2)a) \<\<belief/Christianity\>\> practicar*he doesn't practice what he preaches — no hace lo que predica, no predica con el ejemplo
b) (carry out, perform)c) \<\<doctor/lawyer\>\> ejercer*he practices law — ejerce de or como abogado, ejerce la abogacía
3) practicing pres pa) <doctor/lawyer> en ejercicio (de su profesión)b) < Catholic> practicantec) < homosexual> activo
2.
vi1) (rehearse, train) practicar*2) ( professionally) ejercer* -
8 prakty|ka
Ⅰ f 1. sgt (doświadczenie) practice, experience- miał dużą praktykę życiową/zawodową he was an experienced man- mam dwudziestoletnią praktykę w tym zawodzie I’ve had twenty years of experience in this profession- miał praktykę w kłamaniu he was a practised GB a. practiced US liar- „potrzebny inżynier budowlany z praktyką” ‘experienced building engineer wanted’- to tylko kwestia praktyki it’s just a question a. matter of practice- z praktyki wiedział, jak trudny jest zawód nauczyciela experience had taught him how difficult it is to be a teacher- swoje twierdzenia opierał na praktyce he based his claims on experience- praktyka dowodzi a. poucza, że… practice proves that…2. sgt (faktyczny stan rzeczy) practice- rozbieżność pomiędzy teorią a praktyką a gap between theory and practice- w praktyce in practice- w praktyce a. jak pokazuje praktyka jest zupełnie inaczej in practice, things are different- metoda ta sprawdziła się w praktyce this method was effctive (in practice)- zastosować coś w praktyce to put sth into practice3. sgt (zwyczaj) practice- praktyka nagradzania najlepszych pracowników the practice of giving bonuses to the best workers- przyjętą u nas od lat praktyką jest nieujawnianie takich szczegółów for years it has been our practice not to reveal such particulars4. (staż) (w zakładzie pracy) traineeship U, training period; (u rzemieślnika) apprenticeship U; (w szkole) teaching practice U- praktyka na budowie/za granicą apprenticeship on the building site/work experience abroad- praktyki studenckie/wakacyjne student/holiday training- odbywać praktykę u fryzjera/krawca to be apprenticed a. to be an apprentice to a hairdresser/a tailor- odbywać praktykę w fabryce/cukierni to work as a trainee in a factory/as an apprentice to a confectioner- odbywać praktykę nauczycielską to be on a. be doing teaching practice- oddać syna na praktykę do krawca to apprentice one’s son to a tailor5. sgt (wykonywanie wolnego zawodu) practice- praktyka lekarska/adwokacka medical/legal practice- mieć prywatną praktykę to work a. be in private practice- mieć dochodową praktykę to have a profitable practice- rozpocząć praktykę to set up in a. go into practice- on nie ma prawa prowadzić praktyki adwokackiej he has no right to run a legal practice6. zw. pl (proceder) practice- monopolistyczne praktyki przedsiębiorstw monopolistic practices of companies- tajemnicze/zbrodnicze praktyki mysterious/criminal practices- takie praktyki są niedopuszczalne such practices are inadmissibleⅡ praktyki plt Relig. observance, ritual- brał udział w praktykach religijnych a. kościelnych he took part in religious observances, he was a churchgoer- praktyki szamańskie/magiczne shamanic/magic practices a. rituals a. observancesThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > prakty|ka
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9 privatamente
privatamente avv. privately, in private: prendere lezioni di inglese privatamente, to take English lessons privately (o to take private English lessons); ricevere privatamente qlcu., to see (o to receive) s.o. privately.* * *[privata'mente]avverbio privatelyesercitare privatamente — [ medico] to work o be in private practice
farsi curare privatamente — med. to go private
* * *privatamente/privata'mente/privately; esercitare privatamente [ medico] to work o be in private practice; farsi curare privatamente med. to go private. -
10 esercitare privatamente
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11 freiberuflich
I Adj. freelance, self-employed; Anwalt, Arzt: in private practiceII Adv.: freiberuflich arbeiten oder tätig sein work (as a) freelance; Arzt etc.: have a private practice, practi|se (Am. -ce) privately* * *freelance* * *frei|be|ruf|lich1. adjfreelance2. adv* * *frei·be·ruf·lichI. adj freelanceII. adv freelance* * *1.Adjektiv self-employed; freelance < journalist, editor, architect, etc.>; <doctor, lawyer> in private practice2.freiberuflich tätig sein/arbeiten — work freelance/practise privately
* * *A. adj freelance, self-employed; Anwalt, Arzt: in private practiceB. adv:* * *1.Adjektiv self-employed; freelance <journalist, editor, architect, etc.>; <doctor, lawyer> in private practice2.freiberuflich tätig sein/arbeiten — work freelance/practise privately
* * *adj.free lance adj. -
12 frei
I Adj.1. free; freier Bürger HIST. freeborn citizen, freeman; ein freier Mensch (der tun kann, was er will) a free agent; sie ist frei zu gehen, wenn sie will she is free to go if she wishes; ich bin so frei altm. oder hum. sich bedienend etc.: if I may; ich war so frei, Ihr Auto zu nehmen oder und nahm Ihr Auto I took the liberty of using your car, I helped myself to your car2. Wahl, Wille etc.: free; Zugang: unrestricted, unlimited; (unbehindert) unrestrained; „frei ab 16“ Film: 16 (= no admission to persons under 16 years), Am. etwa R(-rated); jetzt haben wir freie Fahrt mit Zug: the signal’s green now, the train can go now; mit Auto: the road’s clear now; fig. there’s nothing to stop us now; auf freiem Fuß sein be free; Verbrecher: be at large; jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen set s.o. free, let s.o. go; das Recht auf freie Meinungsäußerung the right of free speech ( oder of self-expression); aus freien Stücken oder freiem Willen of one’s own free will; die freie Wahl haben zwischen... und... be free to choose between... and...3. (unabhängig, selbstständig) Stadt etc.: free; Beruf, Tankstelle etc.: independent; (nicht gebunden) unattached; Journalist, Künstler etc.: freelance; die freien Künste the liberal arts; freier Mitarbeiter freelance(r); Freie24. im Namen von Organisationen etc.: Freie Demokratische Partei (abgek. FDP) Free Democratic Party; Freie Deutsche Jugend (abgek. FDJ) HIST., ehem. DDR Free German Youth; Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (abgek. FDGB) HIST., ehem. DDR Free German Trade Union Organization; die Freie Hansestadt Bremen the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen; die Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg5. WIRTS.: im freien Handel available in the shops (Am. in stores); freier Markt open market; Börse: unofficial market; freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy; freier Wechselkurs floating exchange rate; ( die) freie Wirtschaft free enterprise; die Rechte an diesem Buchtitel werden bald frei the rights in this title will soon be free ( oder available)6. (unbesetzt) Stuhl, Raum etc.: free, available; Leitung: vacant; Stelle: vacant, open; Straße etc.: clear, empty; (unbeschrieben) Seite etc.: blank; frei am WC: vacant; am Taxi: for hire; freie Stelle vacancy; ist hier oder der Platz noch frei? is this seat taken?, is anyone sitting here?; der Stuhl / die Zeile muss frei bleiben the chair must be kept free / the line must be left blank; Platz frei lassen / machen für leave / make space for; jemandem den Weg frei machen clear the way for s.o.; zwei Zeilen frei lassen leave two blank lines; Bahn, Ring, Zimmer7. (unbedeckt) bare; der Rock lässt die Knie frei the skirt is above the knee; den Oberkörper frei machen strip to the waist8. Feld, Himmel, Sicht: open; aufs freie Meer hinaus out into the open sea; auf freier Strecke on an open stretch (EISENB. of line, Straße: of road); in freier Wildbahn in the wild; unter freiem Himmel in the open (air), outside9. Tag, Zeit etc.: free; nachgestellt: off; Person: free, not busy; freie Zeit free ( oder leisure) time; nächsten Dienstag ist frei next Tuesday is a holiday; hast du morgen frei? do you have tomorrow off?; seitdem habe ich keine freie Minute mehr since then I haven’t had a free moment ( oder a moment to myself); sind Sie ( gerade) frei? Taxi: are you taken?; Verkäufer: are you serving someone?10. (kostenlos) free (of charge); freier Eintritt admission free ( für to); Kinder unter sechs sind frei umg. von Eintritt, Fahrgeld: children under six are free, no charge for children under six; 20 kg Gepäck sind frei there is a baggage (bes. Am. luggage) allowance of 20kg; frei Haus carriage paid; Lieferung frei Haus free delivery, no delivery charge; dazu bekommt sie auch noch einen Job frei Haus fig. what’s more she gets a job handed to her on a plate; du hast noch zwei Versuche frei fig. you have two tries left11. frei von (ohne) free from ( oder of), without; von Eis, Schneeschicht etc.: clear of; von Steuern etc. befreit: exempt from; frei von Schmerzen free from pain; frei von Schulden free from debt; frei von Zusätzen free of additives; niemand ist frei von Fehlern / Vorurteilen nobody is perfect / free from prejudice13. fig. (ungezwungen) free and easy; (offen) open; (moralisch großzügig) liberal; freie Liebe free love; sie ist schon viel freier geworden she has loosened up a great deal14. fig. Übersetzung: free; freie Hand haben have a free hand ( bei with); jemandem freie Hand lassen give s.o. a free hand ( bei with); aus oder mit der freien Hand zeichnen (ohne Hilfsmittel) draw s.th. freehand15. Sport (ungedeckt) unmarked; zum nächsten freien Mitspieler passen pass to the nearest unmarked player; der freie Mann ( vor der Abwehr) the sweeper16. POST. (frankiert) prepaid, post paid17. PHYS.; Elektron, Fall, Radikal etc.: free; CHEM. uncombined; im freien Fall in free fall; frei werden Energie etc.: be released; freie Valenzen CHEM. free valenciesII Adv.1. atmen, herumlaufen etc.: freely; frei geboren freeborn; frei laufende Hühner free-range hens; Eier von frei laufenden Hühnern free-range eggs; frei lebende Tiere wildlife Sg., animals living in the wild ( oder out of captivity); frei praktizierender Arzt doctor in private practice2. herumliegen etc.: openly; frei zugänglich von allen Seiten: freely accessible; für alle: open to all; frei stehen Baum, Haus etc.: stand by itself; SPORT, Spieler: be unmarked; frei stehend Baum: solitary; Haus, nicht angebaut: detached; einzeln: isolated; SPORT, Spieler: unmarked3. WIRTS.: frei erhältlich freely available; frei finanziert privately financed; frei konvertierbar freely convertible; frei verkäuflich on general sale, freely available (to buy)6. frei sprechen Redner: speak without notes; mit Handy im Auto: phone ( oder talk) hands-free, use the speaker phone; ich möchte den Vortrag frei halten I want to give the lecture without notes; einen Kreis frei zeichnen draw a circle freehand; das Kind kann schon frei laufen / stehen the child can walk / stand unaided7. frei erfunden (entirely) fictitious; das hat er frei erfunden he made that up; frei nach ( einem Stück von) X freely adapted from (a play by) X* * *at liberty (Adv.);(freimütig) frank (Adj.);(nicht versklavt) unenslaved (Adj.);(unbefahren) clear (Adj.);(unbesetzt) vacant (Adj.);(ungebunden) independent (Adj.); free (Adj.); unfettered (Adj.); unattached (Adj.); unengaged (Adj.)* * *[frai]1. ADJEKTIV1) = unbehindert freesich von etw frei halten — to avoid sth; von Vorurteilen etc to be free of sth; von Verpflichtungen to keep oneself free of sth
die Straße frei geben/machen — to open/clear the road
jdm den Weg frei geben — to let sb past or by
der Film ist frei ( für Jugendliche) ab 16 (Jahren) — this film is suitable for persons aged 16 years and over
ich bin so frei (form) — may I?diams; frei + SubstantivSiehe auch unter dem Eintrag für das jeweilige Substantiv.
von Kiel nach Hamburg hatten wir freie Fahrt — we had a clear run from Kiel to Hamburg
einem Zug freie Fahrt geben — to give a train the " go" signal
der Polizist gab uns freie Fahrt — the policeman signalled (Brit) or signaled (US) us on
jdm freie Hand lassen — to give sb free rein, to give sb a free hand
das Recht der freien Rede or auf freie Rede — the right of free speech, the right to freedom of speech
jdm zur freien Verfügung stehen — to be completely at sb's disposal
2) = unabhängig free; Schriftsteller, Journalist etc freelance; (= nicht staatlich) privatediams; frei + SubstantivSiehe auch unter dem Eintrag für das jeweilige Substantiv.Freie Deutsche Jugend (DDR) — youth wing of the former East German Socialist Unity Party
Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (DDR) — Trades Union Congress of the former East Germany
Freie Hansestadt Bremen — Free Hansa Town of Bremen
freier Mitarbeiter — freelance, freelancer
freie Reichsstadt (Hist) — free city of the Empire
freie Tankstelle — independent petrol (Brit) or gas (US) station
3) = verfügbar Mittel, Geld available; Zeit freeich bin jetzt frei für ihn — I can see him now; (am Telefon) I can speak to him now
4)= arbeitsfrei
morgen/Mittwoch ist frei — tomorrow/Wednesday is a holidaySee:5)= ohne Hilfsmittel
etw aus freier Hand zeichnen — to draw sth freehandein Vortrag in freier Rede — an extemporary talk
6) = unbesetzt Zimmer, Toilette vacant; Taxi for hireist hier noch frei?, ist dieser Platz noch frei? — is anyone sitting here?, is this seat free?
im Kino/Flugzeug waren noch zehn freie Plätze — in the cinema/plane there were still ten seats free
"frei" (an Taxi) — "for hire"; (an Toilettentür) "vacant"
"Zimmer frei" — "vacancies"
haben Sie noch etwas frei? (in Hotel) — do you have any vacancies?
bei HarperCollins sind einige Stellen frei — there are some vacancies at HarperCollins
"Ausfahrt/Einfahrt frei halten" — "keep clear"
für etw Platz frei lassen/machen — to leave/make room for sth
7)= offen
unter freiem Himmel — in the open aireine Frage/Aussage im freien Raum stehen lassen — to leave a question/statement hanging in mid-air
See:→ Freie(s), Feld8) = kostenlos freefrei Schiff — free on board
9) = unkonventionell Sitten, Erziehung liberal10) = unbekleidet bare11) = ungeschützt Autor out of copyright2. ADVERB1) = ungehindert freely; sprechen openlyfrei beweglich —
er hat das frei erfunden — he made it up
das ist frei wählbar — you can choose as you please, it's completely optional
frei laufend (Hunde, Katzen) — feral; Huhn free-range
frei herumlaufen (inf) — to be free, to be running around free (inf)
der Verbrecher läuft immer noch frei herum — the criminal is still at largediams; frei lebend Wölfe, Mustangherden etc living in the wild; Katzen, Stadttauben feral; Mikroorganismen free-livingdiams; frei stehen (Haus) to stand by itself; (Sport) to be free or not marked
ein frei stehendes Gebäude — a free-standing building → auch cdiams; frei nach based on
frei nach Goethe (Zitat) — as Goethe didn't say
2)= ungezwungen
sich frei und ungezwungen verhalten, frei und locker auftreten — to have a relaxed manner, to be easy-goingsie benimmt sich etwas zu frei — she's rather free in her behaviour (Brit) or behavior (US)
3) = ohne Hilfsmittel unaided, without helpdas Kind kann frei stehen — the child can stand on its own or without any help
frei in der Luft schweben — to hang in mid-air
frei sprechen —
* * *1) (free from difficulty or obstacles: a clear road ahead.) clear2) ((often with of) without (risk of) being touched, caught etc: Is the ship clear of the rocks? clear of danger.) clear3) ((often with of) free: clear of debt; clear of all infection.) clear4) (allowed to move where one wants; not shut in, tied, fastened etc: The prison door opened, and he was a free man.) free5) (not forced or persuaded to act, think, speak etc in a particular way: free speech; You are free to think what you like.) free6) (frank, open and ready to speak: a free manner.) free7) (not working or having another appointment; not busy: I shall be free at five o'clock.) free8) (not occupied, not in use: Is this table free?) free9) free10) (not tied; free: The horses are loose in the field.) loose12) (empty or unoccupied: a vacant chair; Are there any rooms vacant in this hotel?) vacant13) (empty or vacant: The room/seat was unoccupied.) unoccupied14) (not busy: I paint in my unoccupied hours / when I'm otherwise unoccupied.) unoccupied* * *[frai]I. adj1. (nicht gefangen, unabhängig) free\freier Autor/Übersetzer freelance writer/translatordie \freie Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg\freie Kirche free churchein \freier Mann/eine \freie Frau a free man/womanein \freier Gedanke free thought[Recht auf] \freie Meinungsäußerung [right to] freedom of speechein \freier Mensch a free person\freier Mitarbeiter/ \freie Mitarbeiterin freelance[r]eine \freie Übersetzung a free translationetw zur \freien Verfügung haben to have sth at free disposal\freie Wahl haben to be free to chooseaus \freiem Willen [o \freien Stücken] of one's own free willes war sein \freier Wille auszuwandern he emigrated of his own free will\frei und ungebunden footloose and fancy-free2. (freie Zeit) freedrei Tage/eine Woche \frei haben to have three days/a week offnächsten Donnerstag ist \frei, da ist Feiertag we've got next Thursday off - it's a holidayer hat sich \frei genommen, da seine Tochter krank ist he's taken [some] time off because his daughter is ill\freie Zeit haben to have spare time3. (verfügbar) availablees sind noch Mittel für kulturelle Veranstaltungen \frei there are still funds available for cultural eventsder Film ist ab 14 Jahren \frei the film is suitable for children from 14 years on▪ \frei [für jdn] sein to be free [to see/speak to sb]ist dieser Platz noch \frei? is this seat [already] taken?haben Sie noch ein Zimmer \frei? do you still have a room available?den Eingang \frei machen to clear the entranceeinen Platz \frei lassen to keep a seat freeeinen Platz \frei machen to vacate a seat formeine \freie Stelle a vacant positionein \freies Zimmer a vacant room„Zimmer frei“ “rooms to rent”der Eintritt ist \frei entrance is freeKinder unter 6 Jahren sind \frei children below the age of six are admitted free20 kg Gepäck sind \frei 20 kg of luggage are allowed„Eintritt \frei“ “admission free”„Lieferung \frei Haus“ free home delivery6. (ohne etw)die Straßen sind \frei von Eis the streets are clear of icekein Mensch ist \frei von Fehlern nobody is perfect\frei von Konservierungsstoffen free from preservatives\frei von Schmerzen sein not to suffer any pain, to be free of pain\frei von Schuld blameless7. (ohne Hilfsmittel) off-the-cuffetw mit \freier Hand zeichnen to draw sth freehand\freie Rede/ \freier Vortrag impromptu speech/lectureeine \freie Rede halten to speak off-the-cut8. (auslassen)eine Zeile \frei lassen to leave a line free9. (offen) opender Zug hält auf \freier Strecke the train stops in the open country\freie Aussicht [o \freier Blick] unhampered view\freies Gelände open countryunter \freiem Himmel open airdas \freie Meer the open sea10. (ungezwungen) free and easyihre Auffassungen sind mir doch etwas zu \frei her views are a little too liberal for meer ist viel \freier geworden he has loosened up a lot famhier herrscht ein \freier Ton the atmosphere is very liberal here\freie Liebe free loveich bin so \frei (geh) if I mayich bin so \frei und nehme mir noch ein Stück I'll have another piece if I may11. (unbehindert) unhampered, unrestrained\freie Entwicklung free development12. (unbekleidet) baremachen Sie bitte Ihren Arm \frei please roll up your sleevemachen Sie bitte ihren Bauch \frei please uncover your stomach13. (unbeschrieben) blankein \freies Blatt a blank sheet of paperPlatz \frei lassen to leave a blank14. (nicht gebunden) free, singleseit er sich von seiner Freundin getrennt hat, ist er wieder frei since he has split up with his girl-friend, he is single again15. ÖKON free\freier Kapital-/Warenverkehr free movement of capital/goods\freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy\freier Wechselkurs freely floating exchange rate16. CHEM, PHYS releasedKräfte werden \frei forces are set free [or released]\freier Kohlenstoff/ \freie Wärme uncombined carbon/heat\freie Radikale free radicals17. (ungefähr)\frei nach... roughly quoting...II. adv1. (unbeeinträchtigt) freelydas Haus steht ganz \frei the house stands completely on its owndie Mörderin läuft immer noch \frei herum! the murderess is still on the loose!\frei atmen to breathe easy\frei finanziert privately financed\frei stehen to stand alone [or by itself]\frei verkäuflich for sale without restrictions\frei zugänglich accessible from all sides2. (ungezwungen) freely, openly\frei erzogen liberally educated\frei heraus sprechen to speak frankly\frei improvisieren to improvise freely3. (uneingeschränkt) casually4. (nach eigenem Belieben)\frei erfunden to be completely made up5. (gratis) freeKinder unter 6 Jahren fahren \frei children below the age of six travel freeetw \frei bekommen to get sth freeein Kabel \frei verlegen to lay a cable uncovered\frei in der Luft schweben to hover unsupported in the air\frei sprechen to speak off-the-cuff7. (nicht gefangen) freely\frei laufend Tiere free-rangeEier von \frei laufenden Hühnern eggs from free-range chickens\frei lebend living in the wild* * *1.2) (nicht angestellt) freelance <writer, worker, etc.>4) (nicht eingesperrt, gefangen) free; at liberty pred.5) (offen) openunter freiem Himmel — in the open [air]; outdoors
auf freier Strecke — (Straße) on the open road; (Eisenbahn) between stations
frei herumlaufen — < person> run around scot-free
6) (unbesetzt) vacant; unoccupied; freeein freier Stuhl/Platz — a vacant or free chair/seat
Entschuldigung, ist hier noch frei? — excuse me, is this anyone's seat etc.?
ein Bett ist [noch] frei — one bed is [still] free or not taken
7) (kostenlos) free <food, admission>20 kg Gepäck frei haben — have or be allowed a 20 kilogram baggage allowance
8) (ungenau)eine freie Übersetzung — a free or loose translation
9) (ohne Vorlage) improvised10) (uneingeschränkt) freeder freie Fall — (Physik) free fall
11)von etwas frei/frei von etwas sein — be free of something
12) (verfügbar) spare; freeich habe heute frei/meinen freien Abend — I've got today off/this is my evening off
sich (Dat.) frei nehmen — (ugs.) take some time off
er ist noch/nicht mehr frei — he is still/no longer unattached
13) (ohne Hilfsmittel)eine freie Rede — an extempore speech
14) (unbekleidet) bare15) (bes. Fußball) unmarkedfrei werden — (bei einer Reaktion) be given off
freie Hand haben/jemandem freie Hand lassen — have/give somebody a free hand
aus freien Stücken — (ugs.) of one's own accord; voluntarily
2.auf freiem Fuß — (von Verbrechern etc.) at large
* * *A. adj1. free;freier Bürger HIST freeborn citizen, freeman;ein freier Mensch (der tun kann, was er will) a free agent;sie ist frei zu gehen, wenn sie will she is free to go if she wishes;ich bin so frei obs oder hum sich bedienend etc: if I may;ich war so frei, Ihr Auto zu nehmen oderund nahm Ihr Auto I took the liberty of using your car, I helped myself to your carjetzt haben wir freie Fahrt mit Zug: the signal’s green now, the train can go now; mit Auto: the road’s clear now; fig there’s nothing to stop us now;jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen set sb free, let sb go;das Recht auf freie Meinungsäußerung the right of free speech ( oder of self-expression);freiem Willen of one’s own free will;die freie Wahl haben zwischen … und … be free to choose between … and …3. (unabhängig, selbstständig) Stadt etc: free; Beruf, Tankstelle etc: independent; (nicht gebunden) unattached; Journalist, Künstler etc: freelance;die freien Künste the liberal arts;4. im Namen von Organisationen etc:die Freie Hansestadt Bremen the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen;die Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg5. WIRTSCH:im freien Handel available in the shops (US in stores);freier Markt open market; BÖRSE unofficial market;freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy;freier Wechselkurs floating exchange rate;(die) freie Wirtschaft free enterprise;die Rechte an diesem Buchtitel werden bald frei the rights in this title will soon be free ( oder available)6. (unbesetzt) Stuhl, Raum etc: free, available; Leitung: vacant; Stelle: vacant, open; Straße etc: clear, empty; (unbeschrieben) Seite etc: blank;freie Stelle vacancy;der Platz noch frei? is this seat taken?, is anyone sitting here?;der Stuhl/die Zeile muss frei bleiben the chair must be kept free/the line must be left blank;Platz frei lassen/machen für leave/make space for;jemandem den Weg frei machen clear the way for sb;7. (unbedeckt) bare;der Rock lässt die Knie frei the skirt is above the knee;8. Feld, Himmel, Sicht: open;aufs freie Meer hinaus out into the open sea;in freier Wildbahn in the wild;unter freiem Himmel in the open (air), outsidefreie Zeit free ( oder leisure) time;nächsten Dienstag ist frei next Tuesday is a holiday;hast du morgen frei? do you have tomorrow off?;seitdem habe ich keine freie Minute mehr since then I haven’t had a free moment ( oder a moment to myself);freier Eintritt admission free (für to);Kinder unter sechs sind frei umg von Eintritt, Fahrgeld: children under six are free, no charge for children under six;20 kg Gepäck sind frei there is a baggage (besonders US luggage) allowance of 20kg;frei Haus carriage paid;Lieferung frei Haus free delivery, no delivery charge;dazu bekommt sie auch noch einen Job frei Haus fig what’s more she gets a job handed to her on a plate;du hast noch zwei Versuche frei fig you have two tries left11.frei von (ohne) free from ( oder of), without; von Eis, Schneeschicht etc: clear of; von Steuern etc befreit: exempt from;frei von Schmerzen free from pain;frei von Schulden free from debt;frei von Zusätzen free of additives;niemand ist frei von Fehlern/Vorurteilen nobody is perfect/free from prejudice12.freie Liebe free love;sie ist schon viel freier geworden she has loosened up a great deal14. fig Übersetzung: free;freie Hand haben have a free hand (bei with);jemandem freie Hand lassen give sb a free hand (bei with);15. Sport (ungedeckt) unmarked;zum nächsten freien Mitspieler passen pass to the nearest unmarked player;der freie Mann (vor der Abwehr) the sweeper16. Postwesen: (frankiert) prepaid, post paid17. PHYS; Elektron, Fall, Radikal etc: free; CHEM uncombined;im freien Fall in free fall;frei werden Energie etc: be released;freie Valenzen CHEM free valenciesB. adv1. atmen, herumlaufen etc: freely;frei geboren freeborn;frei laufende Hühner free-range hens;Eier von frei laufenden Hühnern free-range eggs;frei praktizierender Arzt doctor in private practice;frei halten (einen Platz) keep, save; (Straße, Einfahrt) keep clear; (Angebot, Stelle etc) keep open;„Eingang frei halten!“ keep clear;frei halten von keep free of; (Eingang, Straße etc) keep clear of;sich frei halten keep o.s. free (für for);sich frei halten von ward off, avoid2. herumliegen etc: openly;frei stehen Baum, Haus etc: stand by itself; (leer stehen) be unoccupied, be empty; SPORT, Spieler: be unmarked;frei stehend Baum: solitary; Haus, nicht angebaut: detached; einzeln: isolated; SPORT, Spieler: unmarked3. WIRTSCH:frei erhältlich freely available;frei finanziert privately financed;frei konvertierbar freely convertible;frei verkäuflich on general sale, freely available (to buy)4. TECH:frei beweglich freely moving, mobile;schwebend unsupported5.6.frei sprechen Redner: speak without notes; mit Handy im Auto: phone ( oder talk) hands-free, use the speaker phone;ich möchte den Vortrag frei halten I want to give the lecture without notes;einen Kreis frei zeichnen draw a circle freehand;das Kind kann schon frei laufen/stehen the child can walk/stand unaided7.frei erfunden (entirely) fictitious;das hat er frei erfunden he made that up;8. (liberal) liberally;…frei im adjstickstofffrei nitrogen-free, non-nitrogenous;tuberkulosefrei free from tuberculosis2. nicht geschehend: non-…;blendfrei Beleuchtung: non-dazzle;repressionsfrei Erziehung: non-repressive;schrumpffrei Wäsche: non-shrink, shrink-free3. nicht verlangt: exempt from …, …-exempt;visumfrei not requiring a visa, visa-exempt;zuschlagfrei on which no supplement is payable, exempt from supplementfesselfrei clear of the ankles;nabelfrei with a bare midriff;schulterfrei off-the-shoulder5. unabhängig: independent of …;bündnisfrei independent of any alliance, unallied;reichsfrei HIST under the direct rule of the Emperor;trustfrei non-trust* * *1.1) free <man, will, life, people, decision, etc.>2) (nicht angestellt) freelance <writer, worker, etc.>3) (ungezwungen) free and easy; lax (derog.)4) (nicht eingesperrt, gefangen) free; at liberty pred.5) (offen) openunter freiem Himmel — in the open [air]; outdoors
auf freier Strecke — (Straße) on the open road; (Eisenbahn) between stations
frei herumlaufen — < person> run around scot-free
6) (unbesetzt) vacant; unoccupied; freeein freier Stuhl/Platz — a vacant or free chair/seat
Entschuldigung, ist hier noch frei? — excuse me, is this anyone's seat etc.?
ein Bett ist [noch] frei — one bed is [still] free or not taken
7) (kostenlos) free <food, admission>20 kg Gepäck frei haben — have or be allowed a 20 kilogram baggage allowance
8) (ungenau)eine freie Übersetzung — a free or loose translation
9) (ohne Vorlage) improvised10) (uneingeschränkt) freeder freie Fall — (Physik) free fall
11)von etwas frei/frei von etwas sein — be free of something
12) (verfügbar) spare; freeich habe heute frei/meinen freien Abend — I've got today off/this is my evening off
sich (Dat.) frei nehmen — (ugs.) take some time off
er ist noch/nicht mehr frei — he is still/no longer unattached
13) (ohne Hilfsmittel)14) (unbekleidet) bare15) (bes. Fußball) unmarked16) (Chemie, Physik) freefrei werden — (bei einer Reaktion) be given off
freie Hand haben/jemandem freie Hand lassen — have/give somebody a free hand
aus freien Stücken — (ugs.) of one's own accord; voluntarily
2.auf freiem Fuß — (von Verbrechern etc.) at large
* * *adj.clear adj.detached adj.free adj.spare adj.uncommitted adj.unengaged adj.unenslaved adj.unfettered adj.unrestricted adj.untrapped adj. adv.freely adv. -
13 Gordon, Lewis Dunbar Brodie
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering[br]b. 6 March 1815 Edinburgh, Scotlandd. 1876[br]Scottish civil engineer.[br]Lewis Gordon attended the High School in Edinburgh and Edinburgh University. He was unusual amongst British engineers of his generation in also spending some time at foreign educational establishments, including the School of Mines at Freiberg in Saxony and the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris. He served under Marc Brunel in the final stages of the construction of the Thames Tunnel, from 1837 to 1840. After this, he set up a civil engineering partnership with Lawrence Hill in Glasgow in 1840 and was then appointed as the first holder of the Regius Chair of Civil Engineering and Mechanics at Glasgow University, 1841–55. He seems to have been frustrated by the lack of facilities at Glasgow, and handed over to his deputy, W.J.M. Rankine in 1855, in order to concentrate on his growing private practice which he had been building up during his professorship at the university. His practice was involved in designing iron bridges and introducing wire rope into Britain; he also became involved with submarine cables and telegraphy. With Charles Liddell, he was the engineer for several railways in England and Wales, including the Crumlin Viaduct on the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway.[br]Further ReadingAlthough he was frequently referred to in accounts of the period, there appears to be no good biographical work on Gordon. However, see Buchanan, 1989, The Engineers.ABBiographical history of technology > Gordon, Lewis Dunbar Brodie
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14 деятельность
жен.
1) activity, work;
activities мн. бешеная деятельность ≈ hustle частная деятельность ≈ private practice общественная деятельность педагогическая деятельность кипучая деятельность лихорадочная деятельность поле деятельности экономическая деятельность шпионская деятельность
2) физиол. псих. functioning, action деятельность сердцадеятельность: activityБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > деятельность
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15 деятельность
жен.1) activity, work; activities мн. ч.- лихорадочная деятельность
- общественная деятельность
- педагогическая деятельность
- поле деятельности
- шпионская деятельность
- экономическая деятельность2) физиол. психол. functioning, action -
16 Holabird, William
[br]b. 11 September 1854 American Union, New York, USAd. 19 July 1923 Evanston, Illinois, USA[br]American architect who contributed to the development of steel framing, a type of structure that rendered possible the erection of the skyscraper.[br]The American skyscraper was, in the 1870s and 1880s, very much the creation of what came to be known as the Chicago school of architecture. It was the most important American contribution to the urban architectural scene. At this time conditions were ripe for this type of office development, and in the big cities, notably Chicago and New York, steeply rising land values provided the incentive to build high; the structural means to do so had been triggered by the then low costs of making quality iron and steel. The skyscraper appeared after the invention of the passenger lift by Otis and the pioneer steel-frame work of Jenney. In 1875 Holabird was working in Jenney's office in Chicago. By 1883 he had set up in private practice, joined by another young architect, Martin Roche (1855–1927), and together they were responsible for the Tacoma Building (1887–9) in Chicago. In this structure the two front façades were entirely non-load-bearing and were carried by an internal steel skeleton; only the rear walls were load-bearing. The design of the building was not revolutionary (this had to wait for L.H. Sullivan) but was traditional in form. It was the possibility of being able to avoid load-bearing outer walls that enabled a building to rise above some nine storeys, and the thirteen-storeyed Tacoma Building pointed the way to the future development of the skyscraper. The firm of Holabird \& Roche continued in the following decades in Chicago to design and construct further high-quality, although lower, commercial buildings such as those in South Michigan Avenue and the McClurg Building. However, they are best remembered for their contribution in engineering to the development of high-rise construction.[br]Further ReadingF.Mujica, 1929, History of the Skyscraper, Paris: Archaeology and Architecture Press. C.W.Condit, 1964, The Chicago School of Architecture: A History of Commercial andPublic Building in the Chicago Area 1875–1925, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. J.W.Rudd (compiler), 1966, Holabird and Roche: Chicago Architects, American Association of Architectural Bibliographers.DY -
17 Kennedy, Sir Alexander Blackie William
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 17 March 1847 Stepney, London, England d. 1928[br]English marine engineer and educator.[br]Sir Alexander Kennedy was trained as a marine engineer. The son of a Congregational minister, he was educated at the City of London School and the School of Mines, Jermyn Street. He was then apprenticed to J. \& W.Dudgeon of Millwall, marine engineers, and went on to become a draughtsman to Sir Charles Marsh Palmer of Jarrow (with whom he took part in the development of the compound steam-engine for marine use) and T.M.Tennant \& Co. of Leith. In 1874 he was appointed Professor of Engineering at University College, London. He built up an influential School of Engineering, being the first in England to integrate laboratory work as a regular feature of instruction. The engineering laboratory that he established in 1878 has been described as "the first of its kind in England" (Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers). He and his students conducted important experiments on the strength and elasticity of materials, boiler testing and related subjects. He followed the teaching of Franz Reuleaux, whose Kinematics of Machinery he translated from the German.While thus breaking new educational ground at University College, Kennedy concurrently established a very thriving private practice as a consulting engineer in partnership with Bernard Maxwell Jenkin (the son of Fleeming Jenkin), to pursue which he relinquished his academic posts in 1889. He planned and installed the whole electricity system for the Westminster Electric Supply Corporation, and other electricity companies. He was also heavily involved in the development of electrically powered transport systems. During the First World War he served on a panel of the Munitions Invention Department, and after the war he undertook to record photographically the scenes of desolation in his book From Ypres to Verdun (1921). Towards the end of his life, he pursued his interest in archaeology with the exploration of Petra, recorded in a monograph: Petra. Its History and Monuments (1925). He also joined the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1879, becoming the President of that body in 1894, and he joined the Institution of Electrical Engineers in 1890. Kennedy was thus something of an engineering polymath, as well as being an outstanding engineering educationalist.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1887. Knighted 1905. Member, Institution of Civil Engineers 1879; President, 1906. President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1894.Bibliography1921, From Ypresto Verdum.1925, Petra. Its History and Monuments.Further ReadingDNB supplement.1928–9, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 221:269–75.ABBiographical history of technology > Kennedy, Sir Alexander Blackie William
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18 estudio
m.1 study.ha dedicado muchos años al estudio del tema she has studied the subject for many yearsestar en estudio to be under considerationestudio de campo field studyestudio de viabilidad feasibility study2 study (oficina).3 studio (Cine, Rad & TV).los estudios de la Metro the Metro studiosestudio cinematográfico film studioestudio de grabación recording studiopres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: estudiar.* * *1 (gen) study2 (encuesta) survey, study; (investigación) research3 (apartamento) studio flat (US apartment), bedsit4 (sala) studio1 (conocimientos) studies, education sing\cursar estudios to studydar estudios a alguien to pay for somebody's educationdedicarse al estudio de algo to study somethingestar algo en estudio to be under considerationhacer estudios to studytener estudios to be well-educatedestudio cinematográfico film studioestudio de grabación recording studioestudio de mercado market researchestudio de televisión television studio* * *noun m.1) study2) studio3) den* * *SM1) (=investigación) studylos últimos estudios en lingüística — the latest work o studies in linguistics
en estudios de laboratorio — in laboratory tests o studies
bolsa 9), plan 2)estudio de desplazamientos y tiempos — (Com) time and motion study
2) (=actividad investigadora) study3) (=análisis) [de intención de voto, edificio] surveyya les hemos entregado el proyecto para su estudio — we have already put forward the plan for their consideration
•
estar en estudio — to be under consideration•
cursar estudios de algo — to study sth•
dejar los estudios — (Escol) to drop out of school; (Univ) to drop out of university•
tener estudios — to have an education, be educatedtengo algunos estudios de inglés — I've studied some o a bit of English
estudios universitarios — university degree sing, university studies
5) (=erudición) learning6) (Arte, Mús) studyun estudio de piano — a study o étude for piano
7) (=lugar de trabajo)a) [en una casa] studyc) (Cine, Radio, TV) studioestudio cinematográfico, estudio de cine — film studio
estudio de fotografía — photographer's studio, photographic studio
8) (=apartamento) studio, studio flat* * *1)a) (Educ) ( actividad)primero está el estudio — your studies o work must come first
b) (investigación, análisis) studyc) (de asunto, caso) considerationestá en o (RPl) a estudio en el Parlamento — it is being considered in parliament
2) ( lugar)a) ( de artista) studio; ( de arquitecto) office, studio; ( de abogado) (CS) officeb) (Cin, Rad, TV) studioc) ( en casa) study; ( apartamento) studio apartment3) (Mús, Art) study4) estudios masculino plural (Educ) educationestudios primarios/superiores — primary/higher education
* * *1)a) (Educ) ( actividad)primero está el estudio — your studies o work must come first
b) (investigación, análisis) studyc) (de asunto, caso) considerationestá en o (RPl) a estudio en el Parlamento — it is being considered in parliament
2) ( lugar)a) ( de artista) studio; ( de arquitecto) office, studio; ( de abogado) (CS) officeb) (Cin, Rad, TV) studioc) ( en casa) study; ( apartamento) studio apartment3) (Mús, Art) study4) estudios masculino plural (Educ) educationestudios primarios/superiores — primary/higher education
* * *estudio11 = studio.Ex: The author describes the design of the new studios which aim to be as flexible as possible.
* estudio de cine = film location, film studio.* estudio de grabación = recording studio, sound recording studio.* estudio de música = music studio.* estudio de radio = radio studio.* estudio de televisión = television studio.* estudio discográfico = record studio.* filmar en el estudio = film in + the studio.* grabar en el estudio = film in + the studio.* rodar en el estudio = film in + the studio.estudio22 = review, scholarship, study [studies, -pl.], work, calibration, surveying, analysis [analyses, -pl.].Nota: Proceso de estudio de un todo para encontrar sus partes esenciales y las relaciones existentes entre ellas.Ex: The review is supported by a complete list of LIPs completed or in progess at Aug 88, followed by references to their reports.
Ex: The most important of the functions of librarians is the collection, preservation and affording access to the materials of scholarship.Ex: A study of the major general schemes reveals a wide gulf between theory, as outlined in the previous chapter, and practice, as reflected in the major schemes.Ex: The Classification Research Group (CRG) has been a major force in the development of classification theory, and has made a major contribution towards work on a new general classification scheme.Ex: This requires careful calibration of reader response and the use of as many quantitative indices as possible.Ex: The author describes one effort made to counter this trend, through the surveying of the records of a library and the identification of materials to be preserved.Ex: The operation of investigating a whole with the aim of finding out its essential parts and their relationship to each other is known as analysis.* abandonar los estudios = drop out (from school), drop out of + school.* ámbito de estudio = scope.* área de estudio = study area, study area.* asignatura de estudios = curriculum subject.* beca de estudio(s) = study grant, education grant.* bolsa de estudios = bursary.* campo de estudio = field of study.* centro de apoyo a los programas de estudios = curriculum material center.* centro de estudios = study centre.* comisionar un estudio = commission + study.* compañero de estudios = co-student.* con estudios = schooled, educated, educated.* con estudios superiores = highly educated.* con un nivel de estudios alto = well educated [well-educated].* dejar los estudios = drop out (from school), drop out of + school.* desarrollo del plan de estudios = curriculum development.* disciplina de estudio = field of study.* diseñado para el estudio = curriculum-oriented.* diseño de planes de estudios = curriculum design.* edad de finalización de los estudios = terminal education age.* encargar un estudio = commission + study.* en el estudio = at study.* enseñanza a través del estudio de casos = case-teaching.* espacio reservado para el estudio = study space.* estudiante de bachiller que abandona los estudios = high-school dropout.* estudiante que ha completado los estudios secundarios = high school graduate, high school leaver.* estudiante universitario que abandona los estudios = college dropout.* estudio académico = academic study.* estudio basado en un cuestionario = questionnaire survey.* estudio bibliométrico = bibliometric analysis.* estudio cartográfico = ordnance survey.* estudio cinematográfico = film location, film studio.* estudio clásico = classic study.* estudio comparativo = correlation study.* estudio crítico del estado de la cuestión = review.* estudio cualitativo = qualitative study.* estudio cuantitativo = quantitative study.* estudio de alcance = scoping study.* estudio de arquitectos = architecture firm, architectural firm.* estudio de caso = case study.* estudio de impacto = impact study.* estudio de impacto en el medio ambiente = environmental impact study.* estudio de la productividad = time-and-motion study, time study, motion study.* estudio del estado de la cuestión = survey.* estudio de los himnos = hymnology.* estudio Delphi = Delphi study.* estudio de mercado = market survey, market research, marketing audit, consumer research.* estudio de seguimiento = follow-up study.* estudio de usabilidad = usability study.* estudio de uso = use study.* estudio de usuario = reader survey, consumer survey, customer survey.* estudio de usuarios = user study, marketing audit, user survey.* estudio de usuarios de la biblioteca = library user study.* estudio de viabilidad = demonstration project, feasibility study.* estudio epidemiológico = epidemiological study.* estudio geológico = geological survey.* estudio local = area study.* estudio longitudinal = longitudinal study.* estudio piloto = pilot study, pilot test.* estudio por simulación = simulation study.* estudio regional = area study.* estudios = academic background, course of study, educational career.* estudios africanos = African studies.* estudios afroamericanos = black studies.* estudios culturales = cultural studies.* estudios de administración = management studies.* estudios de auxiliar administrativo = information administration.* estudios de gestión = management science.* estudios de la mujer = women's studies, gender studies.* estudios de la paz y los conflictos = peace and conflict studies.* estudios de licenciatura = graduate work, graduate education.* estudios de literatura clásica = classical studies.* estudios del medio ambiente = environmental studies.* estudios de secretariado = secretarial studies.* estudios de tipografía = typographical studies.* estudios empresariales = business studies.* estudios en el extranjero = study abroad.* estudios europeos = European studies.* estudio sicométrico = psychometric study.* estudios literarios = literary studies.* estudios relacionados con las misiones religiosas = missiology.* estudios sobre la mujer = women's studies, gender studies.* estudios sobre paz y conflictos = peace and conflict studies.* estudios sociales = cultural studies.* estudios socioculturales = cultural studies.* estudio topográfico = surveying.* estudio universitario = academic study.* finalización de los estudios = graduation.* finalizar los estudios de BUP = complete + high school.* grupo de estudio = study circle.* habitación de estudio = private study, study facilities.* institución para el estudio y la conservación del patrimonio cult = heritage organisation.* libro de estudio = study book.* materia de estudio = subject of study.* material de estudio = study material, course material, curriculum material, curriculum resource, study package.* mesa de estudio = carrel, study table.* mesa individual de estudio = study carrel.* metodología de estudio = study skills.* nivel de estudios = educational background, level of education.* objeto de estudio = subject, object of study, under study.* partitura de estudio = miniature score.* permiso de estudios = study leave.* persona que elabora el plan de estudios = syllabus maker.* plan de estudios = curriculum [curricula, -pl.], syllabus [syllabi/syllabuses, -pl.], school curriculum, study plan.* planes de estudios = syllabi.* primer año de estudios superiores = freshman year.* programa de estudio = programme of study.* programa de estudios = course brochure, educational program(me), school program(me), study program(me), syllabus [syllabi/syllabuses, -pl.], education programme.* programa de estudios común = common core syllabus.* programas de estudios = syllabi.* realización de los estudios escolares en casa = homeschooling [home schooling].* realizar estudios = do + study.* realizar un estudio = carry out + survey, conduct + survey, undertake + study, undertake + survey, conduct + study.* realizar un estudio evaluativo = conduct + review.* reforma del plan de estudios = curriculum development.* relacionado con los estudios = course-related.* relativo a los estudios de diplomatura = undergrad (undergraduate).* relativo a los estudios de licenciatura = grad (graduate), postgraduate [post-graduate].* sala de estudio = study facilities, study room.* sin estudios = ill-educated.* técnicas de estudio = study skills.* tema de estudio = study area, under study.* terminar los estudios = graduate.* tiempo de estudio = study time.* unidad de estudio = unit of study, study unit.* viaje de estudio = study trip.* zona de estudio = study area, study facilities.* * *A1 ( Educ)(actividad): primero está el estudio y después la diversión your studies o work o studying must come first, then you can enjoy yourself2(investigación, análisis): el estudio de la fauna de la zona the study of the area's faunarealizó un estudio sobre la mortalidad infantil she carried out a survey o study on infant mortalityle hicieron un estudio hormonal she had a series of hormone tests done3 (de un asunto, caso) considerationle presentaron un nuevo proyecto para su estudio they put forward a new plan for his considerationestá en o ( RPl) a estudio en el Parlamento it is being considered in parliamentCompuestos:field studymarket researchB (lugar)la película se realizará íntegramente en estudios the movie will be made entirely in the studio3 (en una casa) study4 (apartamento) studio apartment o ( BrE) flatCompuestos:recording studiophotographic studioC1 ( Mús) study, étude2 ( Art) studyestudios primarios/superiores primary/higher educationestá cursando estudios de especialización she is doing her specializationse sacrificó para darle estudios a su hijo she made a lot of sacrifices to give her son an education o to put her son through schoolpara ese trabajo no hace falta tener estudios you don't need a degree for that job¿por qué dejaste los estudios? why did you give up your studies?, why did you quit school? ( AmE)* * *
Del verbo estudiar: ( conjugate estudiar)
estudio es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
estudió es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
estudiar
estudio
estudiar ( conjugate estudiar) verbo transitivo
1
( en la universidad) to study, read (frml);◊ ¿qué carrera estudió? what subject did he do at college/university?
2 ( observar) ‹rostro/comportamiento› to study
3 (considerar, analizar) ‹mercado/situación/proyecto› to study;
‹ propuesta› to study, consider;
‹ causas› to look into, investigate
verbo intransitivo
to study;
debes estudio más you must work harder;
dejó de estudio a los 15 años she left school at 15;
estudio para algo to study to be sth
estudiarse verbo pronominal ( enf) ‹ lección› to study;
‹ papel› to learn
estudio sustantivo masculino
1a) (Educ) ( actividad):
2 ( lugar)
( de arquitecto) office, studiob) (Cin, Rad, TV) studio
( apartamento) studio apartment
3
estudios superiores higher education;
quiso darle estudios a su hijo she wanted to give her son an education;
tener estudios superiores to have a degree;
dejar los estudios to give up one's studies
estudiar verbo transitivo & verbo intransitivo to study: estudia para abogado, she's studying to become a lawyer ➣ Ver nota en study
estudio sustantivo masculino
1 study: todas las tardes dedico tres horas al estudio, I spend three hours studying every afternoon
2 (investigación) research
estudio de mercado, market research
3 (sala) studio
estudio fotográfico, photographic studio
4 (apartamento) studio (flat)
5 Educ estudios, studies
(educación) education
tener estudios, to have an education
' estudio' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
geológica
- geológico
- grafológica
- grafológico
- interdisciplinaria
- interdisciplinario
- investigación
- robar
- sanctasanctórum
- cabina
- concienzudo
- despacho
- detallado
- detenido
- ecológico
- elaborar
- especialidad
- estadística
- estudiar
- examen
- fondo
- hispanismo
- laguna
- objeto
- terminar
English:
bedsit
- bedsitter
- breakdown
- case study
- comprehensive
- consideration
- den
- economics
- ESL
- ESP
- horticulture
- invalid
- market research
- pilot study
- province
- review
- rocketry
- studio
- studio flat
- study
- wide-ranging
- case
- curriculum
- feasibility
- field
- investigation
- market
- survey
* * *estudio nm1. [actividad] study;ha dedicado muchos años al estudio del tema she has studied the subject for many years;estar en estudio to be under considerationestudio de mercado [técnica] market research; [investigación] market survey2. [investigación] study;ha publicado un estudio sobre el tema she's published a study on the subject;hacer un estudio de algo to survey sth;le hicieron un estudio de la flora intestinal they investigated the composition of her intestinal floraestudio de campo field study;estudio geológico geological survey;estudio de impacto ambiental environmental impact study;estudio de viabilidad feasibility study3.estudios [educación] studies;el niño va muy bien en los estudios the boy is doing very well at school;al terminar sus estudios en Viena, viajó a París on completing his studies in Vienna he travelled to Paris;dar estudios a alguien to pay for o finance sb's education;dejó los estudios a los quince años he left school at fifteen;tener estudios to be educatedestudios de posgrado postgraduate studies o education;estudios primarios primary education;estudios secundarios secondary education;estudios superiores higher education4. [despacho] study;[de fotógrafo, pintor, arquitecto] studio; RP [de abogado] practice5. [apartamento] studio Br flat o US apartment6. Cine, Rad & TV studio;los estudios de la Metro the Metro studiosestudio de grabación recording studio7. Arte study8. Mús étude, study;estudio para piano piano study* * *m1 disciplina study2 apartamento studio, Brstudio flat4:estudios (universitarios) pl university education sg ;tener estudios have a degree;una persona sin estudios a person with no formal education* * *estudio nm1) : study2) : studio3) estudios nmpl: studies, education* * *estudio n2. (apartamento) studio flat3. (de televisión, cine) studio -
19 дело
1. (работа, действие, постъпка) work, deed, act, affair(дейност, която поглъща целия живот на човека) life-work(постижение) achievement(проява) performanceдело на човешки ръце something made by human work/workmanship/handsдело съм на be a/the work ofизвършвам добро дело do a good action/deedпоказвам на дело prove by deedsпревръщам в живо дело realize. carry into effect, implement2. (кауза) causeборя се за добро дело fight the good fightборя се за делото на fight in the cause ofподкрепям/отстоявам делото на take up the cause ofумирам за право дело die in a good/In the right cause3. юр. case, lawsuit, suit/action (at law)гражданско/углавно дело a civil/criminal trialдело за обида/клевета a libel suit/actionзавеждам дело против bring/take an action against, initiate/institute legal proceedings against, go to law with, have/take the law of/on, sue, prosecuteводя дело (за адвокат) conduct a suitимам дело (за адвокат) have a case onпривличам по-- garnishделото се разглежда от съда the case is up before the courtбезкрайно гледане на дела a long chain of litigation4. (кръг от знания) scienceкооперативно дело co-operationдържавни дела state affairs/matters/concerns5. кани. fileслагам към дело file (away)* * *дѐло,ср., -а̀ 1. ( работа, действие, постъпка) work, deed, act, affair; ( дейност, която поглъща целия живот на човека) life-work; ( постижение) achievement; ( проява) performance; велико \делоо a great deed, feat, exploit; \делоо на човешка ръка археол. artifact; \делоо на човешки ръце something made by human work/workmanship/hands; \делоо съм на be a/the work of; и на \делоо, и на думи both in word and in deed; на \делоо virtually; in effect, de facto; на \делоо, ако не на думи in practice if not in profession; научно \делоо scientific achievement; показвам на \делоо prove by deeds; превръщам в живо \делоо realize, carry into effect, implement;2. ( кауза) cause; боря се за \делоото fight in the cause of; за право \делоо in a good/the right cause; подкрепям/отстоявам \делоото на take up the cause of;3. юр. case, lawsuit, suit/action (at law); безкрайно гледане на \делоа a long chain of litigation; водя \делоо (за адвокат) conduct a suit; водя \делоо против be at law with; възлагам \делоо на адвокат brief a lawyer; гледам \делоо try a case; гражданско/углавно \делоо civil/criminal trial; \делоо за обида/клевета libel suit/action; \делоо от общ характер criminal case/proceedings; \делоо от частен характер private action; \делоото се разглежда от съда the case is up before the court; завеждам \делоо go to law; завеждам \делоо против bring/take an action against, initiate/institute legal proceedings against, go to law with, have/take the law of/on, sue, prosecute; имам \делоо (за адвокат) have a case on; привличам по \делоо garnish;4. ( област от познанието, от професия, занаят, изкуство и пр.) science; аптечно \делоо pharmacy; военно \делоо military science; военноинженерно \делоо military engineering; държавни \делоа state affairs/matters/concerns; кооперативно \делоо co-operation; просветно \делоо education; театрално \делоо drama, theatrical profession/art;5. канц. file; лично \делоо personal file, personal records; слагам към \делоо file (away).* * *act ; action ; affair ; deed ; doing (съдебно); life- work (дело, което поглъща целия живот на човека)* * *1. (дейност, която поглъща целия живот на човека) life-work 2. (кауза) cause 3. (кръг от знания) science 4. (постижение) achievement 5. (проява) performance 6. (работа, действие, постъпка) work, deed, act, affair 7. 3, юр. case, lawsuit, suit/action (at law) 8. ДЕЛО за обида/клевета a libel suit/ action 9. ДЕЛО на човешки ръце something made by human work/workmanship/hands 10. ДЕЛО съм на be a/the work of 11. ДЕЛОто се разглежда от съда the case is up before the court 12. аптечно ДЕЛО pharmacy 13. безкрайно гледане на дела а long chain of litigation 14. боря се за ДЕЛОто на fight in the cause of 15. боря се за добро ДЕЛО fight the good fight 16. велико ДЕЛО a great deed, feat. exploit 17. водя ДЕЛО (за адвокат) conduct a suit 18. водя ДЕЛО против be at law with 19. военно ДЕЛО military science 20. възлагам ДЕЛО на адвокат brief a lawyer 21. гледам ДЕЛО try a case 22. гражданско/углавно ДЕЛО a civil/ criminal trial 23. добро ДЕЛО a good deed 24. държавни дела state affairs/matters/concerns 25. за право ДЕЛО in a good cause 26. завеждам ДЕЛО go to law 27. завеждам ДЕЛО против bring/take an action against, initiate/ institute legal proceedings against, go to law with, have/take the law of/on, sue, prosecute 28. и на ДЕЛО, и на думи both in word and in deed 29. извършвам добро ДЕЛО do a good action/deed 30. имам ДЕЛО (за адвокат) have a case on 31. кани. file 32. кооперативно ДЕЛО co-operation 33. лично ДЕЛО a personal life, personal records 34. на ДЕЛО virtually 35. на ДЕЛО, ако не на думи in practice if not in profession 36. научно ДЕЛО a scientific achievement 37. подкрепям/ отстоявам ДЕЛОто на take up the cause of 38. показвам на ДЕЛО prove by deeds 39. превръщам в живо ДЕЛО realize. carry into effect, implement 40. привличам по --garnish 41. просветно ДЕЛО education 42. слагам към ДЕЛО file (away) 43. театрално ДЕЛО drama, theatrical profession/art 44. умирам за право ДЕЛО die in a good/In the right cause 45. хладилно ДЕЛО refrigeration -
20 según
prep.1 according to, as per, in accordance with, in pursuance of.2 after the fashion of.* * *1 (conforme) according to2 (dependiendo) depending on■ según lo que digan, tomaremos una decisión depending on what they say, we'll make a decision3 (como) just as4 (a medida que) as■ según la miraba me di cuenta de que ya nos habíamos visto as I looked at her I realized we had met before5 (tal vez) it depends■ iré o me quedaré, según I'll either go or I'll stay, it depends* * *verb1) according to2) depending on* * *1. PREP1) (=de acuerdo con) according tosegún lo que dice — from what he says, going by what he says
según parece — seemingly, apparently
2) (=depende de) depending on2. CONJ1) (=depende de) depending on2) [indicando manera] assegún están las cosas, es mejor no intervenir — the way things are, it's better not to get involved
según se entra, a la izquierda — to the left as you go in
3) [indicando simultaneidad] as3.ADV *-¿lo vas a comprar? -según — "are you going to buy it?" - "it all depends"
según y como, según y conforme — it all depends
* * *I1) ( de acuerdo con) according tosegún parece... — it would appear o seem (that)...
según me dijo, piensa quedarse — from what he told me, he intends to stay
2) ( dependiendo de)IIsegún + subj: según te parezca as you think best; obtendrás distintos resultados según cómo lo hagas you will get different results depending (on) how you do it; ¿me llevas a casa? - según dónde vivas — will you take me home? - (it) depends where you live
adverbio it dependsIIIeste método puede resultar o no, según — this method may or may not work, it depends
a) ( a medida que) asb) ( en cuanto)según llegamos a la ventanilla, pusieron el cartel de cerrado — just as we reached the window they put up the closed sign
* * *= as, as, in the form that, in terms of, in the manner, by, based on, in the words of, along the lines of, judging by, to judge by, in the opinion of, judging from, according to.Ex. As the quantity of knowledge expands the need to organise it becomes more pressing.Ex. This scheme aims for a more helpful order than the major schemes, by following the groupings of subjects as they are taught in schools.Ex. The edition statement is given if stated in the document, in the form that is given in the document.Ex. And we have all of the ingredients for the creation of an atmosphere in which the proponents of expediency could couch their arguments in terms of cost effectiveness.Ex. One might, for example, speak to a microphone, in the manner described in connection with the speech-controlled typewriter, and thus make his selections.Ex. The name to be chosen for the author must be, by rule 40, 'the name by which he is commonly identified, whether it is his real name, or an assumed name, nickname, title of nobility, or other appellation'.Ex. Libraries will make judgements based on criteria such as better information resources, quicker answers, and more cost-effective services = Las bibliotecas tomarán decisiones de acuerdo con criterios tales como mejores recursos informativos, rapidez de respuesta y servicios más rentables.Ex. The general opinion of Edward Wood seemed to be summed up in the words of one staff member, who said, 'Ed Wood's a prince of a guy'.Ex. The author considers the possibility of a shift from libraries to personal information service along the lines of the shift that has occured from public to private transport.Ex. The number of titles is expected to double within a relatively short period, judging by the enthusiasm expressed by the publishers.Ex. To judge by some of the comments presented here, weeding may function as a homogenizing agent in many public libraries, creating a situation where the product lines (books) offered show little variation from library to library.Ex. These bureaucratic organisations contribute to a social malaise, symptomatic, in the opinion of many workers, of a general social crisis which will accelerate in the decades ahead.Ex. Judging from the history of warfare and skirmish between the British and the French, I am surprised you are so civil towards each other.Ex. The headings will be arranged according to the filing sequence of the notation (for example, alphabetically for letters or numerically for numbers).----* actuar según = act on/upon.* de pago según el uso = on a pay as you go basis.* edificio construido según un plan cúbico = deep building.* grupo según edad = age group [age-group].* ordenación topográfica según los intereses del lector = reader interest arrangement.* salir según lo planeado = go off + as planned.* salir según lo previsto = go off + as planned.* según cabe suponer = presumably, presumably, supposedly, allegedly.* según convenga = as appropriate.* según corresponda = as appropriate.* según cuenta la leyenda = legend has it that, as legend goes.* según el color del cristal con que se mire = in the eye of the beholder.* según el contexto = contextually.* según el huso horario de Europa Central = CET (Central European Time).* según el testimonio de = on the evidence of.* según la aplicación de reglas = rule-governed.* según la costumbre = according to normal practice.* según la estación del año = seasonally.* según la información obtenida = output-oriented.* según la leyenda = as legend goes, legend has it that.* según la opinión de = in the opinion of.* según las palabras de = to quote + Nombre de Persona, in the words of.* según lo cual = where.* según lo planeado = as planned.* según lo previsto = on schedule, as planned.* según lo que + Pronombre Personal + saber = to + Posesivo + knowledge.* según los ingresos = means-tested.* según los intereses personales de cada uno = interest-based.* según lo ve + Nombre = as seen through the eyes of + Nombre.* según mi opinión = to the best of my knowledge.* según + Nombre = as far as + Nombre + be + concerned, as per + Nombre, going on + Nombre.* según nuestro entender = as far as we know.* según parece = apparently, apparently, by the looks of it.* según + Posesivo + bolsillo = according to + Posesivo + pocket.* según + Posesivo + opinión = in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.* según + Posesivo + parecer = in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.* según + Pronombre = Pronombre + understanding + be, in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.* según + Pronombre + entender = it + be + Posesivo + understanding, Pronombre + understanding + be.* según + Pronombre Personal = in + Posesivo + eyes.* según quedó indicado en = as was pointed out in.* según sea conveniente = to suit.* según sea necesario = as required.* según sea pertinente = as applicable.* según se cree = reputedly.* según se desee = at will.* según se dice = reportedly, so the argument goes, reputedly.* según se necesite = on demand, on request, at need, as required, as the occasion arises, pro re nata.* según surja la ocasión = as the occasion arises.* según sus propias condiciones = on + Posesivo + own terms, in + Posesivo + own terms.* según sus propias palabras = in + Posesivo + own terms.* según una secuencia ordinal = ordinally.* según un método prescrito = clerically.* según vayan llegando = on a first come first served basis.* según yo = in my books.* según yo sé = to the best of my knowledge, AFAIK (as far as I know), to my knowledge.* * *I1) ( de acuerdo con) according tosegún parece... — it would appear o seem (that)...
según me dijo, piensa quedarse — from what he told me, he intends to stay
2) ( dependiendo de)IIsegún + subj: según te parezca as you think best; obtendrás distintos resultados según cómo lo hagas you will get different results depending (on) how you do it; ¿me llevas a casa? - según dónde vivas — will you take me home? - (it) depends where you live
adverbio it dependsIIIeste método puede resultar o no, según — this method may or may not work, it depends
a) ( a medida que) asb) ( en cuanto)según llegamos a la ventanilla, pusieron el cartel de cerrado — just as we reached the window they put up the closed sign
* * *= as, as, in the form that, in terms of, in the manner, by, based on, in the words of, along the lines of, judging by, to judge by, in the opinion of, judging from, according to.Ex: As the quantity of knowledge expands the need to organise it becomes more pressing.
Ex: This scheme aims for a more helpful order than the major schemes, by following the groupings of subjects as they are taught in schools.Ex: The edition statement is given if stated in the document, in the form that is given in the document.Ex: And we have all of the ingredients for the creation of an atmosphere in which the proponents of expediency could couch their arguments in terms of cost effectiveness.Ex: One might, for example, speak to a microphone, in the manner described in connection with the speech-controlled typewriter, and thus make his selections.Ex: The name to be chosen for the author must be, by rule 40, 'the name by which he is commonly identified, whether it is his real name, or an assumed name, nickname, title of nobility, or other appellation'.Ex: Libraries will make judgements based on criteria such as better information resources, quicker answers, and more cost-effective services = Las bibliotecas tomarán decisiones de acuerdo con criterios tales como mejores recursos informativos, rapidez de respuesta y servicios más rentables.Ex: The general opinion of Edward Wood seemed to be summed up in the words of one staff member, who said, 'Ed Wood's a prince of a guy'.Ex: The author considers the possibility of a shift from libraries to personal information service along the lines of the shift that has occured from public to private transport.Ex: The number of titles is expected to double within a relatively short period, judging by the enthusiasm expressed by the publishers.Ex: To judge by some of the comments presented here, weeding may function as a homogenizing agent in many public libraries, creating a situation where the product lines (books) offered show little variation from library to library.Ex: These bureaucratic organisations contribute to a social malaise, symptomatic, in the opinion of many workers, of a general social crisis which will accelerate in the decades ahead.Ex: Judging from the history of warfare and skirmish between the British and the French, I am surprised you are so civil towards each other.Ex: The headings will be arranged according to the filing sequence of the notation (for example, alphabetically for letters or numerically for numbers).* actuar según = act on/upon.* de pago según el uso = on a pay as you go basis.* edificio construido según un plan cúbico = deep building.* grupo según edad = age group [age-group].* ordenación topográfica según los intereses del lector = reader interest arrangement.* salir según lo planeado = go off + as planned.* salir según lo previsto = go off + as planned.* según cabe suponer = presumably, presumably, supposedly, allegedly.* según convenga = as appropriate.* según corresponda = as appropriate.* según cuenta la leyenda = legend has it that, as legend goes.* según el color del cristal con que se mire = in the eye of the beholder.* según el contexto = contextually.* según el huso horario de Europa Central = CET (Central European Time).* según el testimonio de = on the evidence of.* según la aplicación de reglas = rule-governed.* según la costumbre = according to normal practice.* según la estación del año = seasonally.* según la información obtenida = output-oriented.* según la leyenda = as legend goes, legend has it that.* según la opinión de = in the opinion of.* según las palabras de = to quote + Nombre de Persona, in the words of.* según lo cual = where.* según lo planeado = as planned.* según lo previsto = on schedule, as planned.* según lo que + Pronombre Personal + saber = to + Posesivo + knowledge.* según los ingresos = means-tested.* según los intereses personales de cada uno = interest-based.* según lo ve + Nombre = as seen through the eyes of + Nombre.* según mi opinión = to the best of my knowledge.* según + Nombre = as far as + Nombre + be + concerned, as per + Nombre, going on + Nombre.* según nuestro entender = as far as we know.* según parece = apparently, apparently, by the looks of it.* según + Posesivo + bolsillo = according to + Posesivo + pocket.* según + Posesivo + opinión = in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.* según + Posesivo + parecer = in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.* según + Pronombre = Pronombre + understanding + be, in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.* según + Pronombre + entender = it + be + Posesivo + understanding, Pronombre + understanding + be.* según + Pronombre Personal = in + Posesivo + eyes.* según quedó indicado en = as was pointed out in.* según sea conveniente = to suit.* según sea necesario = as required.* según sea pertinente = as applicable.* según se cree = reputedly.* según se desee = at will.* según se dice = reportedly, so the argument goes, reputedly.* según se necesite = on demand, on request, at need, as required, as the occasion arises, pro re nata.* según surja la ocasión = as the occasion arises.* según sus propias condiciones = on + Posesivo + own terms, in + Posesivo + own terms.* según sus propias palabras = in + Posesivo + own terms.* según una secuencia ordinal = ordinally.* según un método prescrito = clerically.* según vayan llegando = on a first come first served basis.* según yo = in my books.* según yo sé = to the best of my knowledge, AFAIK (as far as I know), to my knowledge.* * *A (de acuerdo con) according tosegún Elena/él according to Elena/himel evangelio según San Mateo the Gospel according to St Matthewsegún fuentes autorizadas/nuestros cálculos according to official sources/our calculationslo hice según tus indicaciones I did it according to o following your instructions, I followed your instructionssegún parece sus días están contados apparently, its days are numbered o it would appear o seem its days are numberedasí que está en la India … — según parece … so he's in India … — so it seems o apparentlysegún las órdenes que me dieron in accordance with the orders I was givensegún me dijo, piensa quedarse from what he told me, he intends to stayB (dependiendo de) según + SUBJ:según te parezca as you think bestobtendrás distintos resultados según cómo lo hagas you will get different results depending (on) how you do it¿me llevas a casa? — según dónde vivas will you take me home? — (it) depends where you liveiré según y cómo or según y conforme me sienta whether I go or not depends on how I feelit dependseste método puede resultar o no, según this method may or may not work, it depends1 (a medida que) assegún van entrando as they come in2(en cuanto): según llegamos a la ventanilla, pusieron el cartel de cerrado just as we reached the window they put up the closed signsegún llegues sube a verme come up and see me as soon as you arrive* * *
según preposición
1 ( de acuerdo con) according to;
según parece apparently
2 ( dependiendo de):
¿me llevas a casa? — según dónde vivas will you take me home? — (it) depends where you live
■ adverbio
it depends;◊ puede resultar o no, según it may or may not work, it depends
■ conjunción ( a medida que) as;
según van entrando as they come in
según
I preposición
1 (de acuerdo con) according to
según mis cálculos, according to my calculations
2 (en la opinión de) según los metodistas, according to the Methodists
según tú, María es la mejor, according to you, Maria is the best
3 (dependiendo de) depending on: el precio varía según el peso, the price varies according to the weight
4 (por el modo en que) según lo dijo, parecía preocupada, by the way she was speaking, she seemed worried
II adverbio
1 (tal como) just as: cóselo según indica el patrón, sew it just as the pattern shows
2 (a medida que) as: según nos íbamos acercando..., as we were coming closer...
' según' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acuerdo
- cálculo
- conforme
- cuchara
- dispuesta
- dispuesto
- previsión
- tesis
- última
- último
- caso
- corresponder
- cual
- desarrollo
- dizque
- entendido
English:
according
- account
- by
- customize
- depend
- eye
- from
- Greenwich Mean Time
- law
- merit
- on
- performance-related pay
- plan
- point
- pursuant
- reportedly
- reputedly
- seasonally
- to
- under
- wear on
- accordance
- apparently
- comprehensive
- custom
- evidently
- halal
- record
- stream
- whereby
* * *♦ prep1. [de acuerdo con] according to;según el ministro, fue un accidente according to the minister, it was an accident;según su opinión, ha sido un éxito in her opinion o according to her, it was a success;según pone aquí, ahora hay que apretar la tecla de retorno according to what it says here, now you have to press the return key;según Nietzsche,… according to Nietzsche,…;el Evangelio según San Juan the Gospel according to St John2. [dependiendo de] depending on;según la hora que sea depending on the time;según el tiempo que haga iremos a la montaña depending on what the weather's like, we may go to the mountains;según como te vaya en el examen, podemos ir a celebrarlo depending on how you do in the exam, we could go out for a celebration♦ adv1. [como] (just) as;todo permanecía según lo recordaba everything was just as she remembered it;actuó según se le recomendó he did as he had been advised;hazlo según creas do as you see fit;según parece, no van a poder venir apparently, they're not going to be able to come2. [a medida que] as;entrarás en forma según vayas entrenando you'll get fit as you train¿te gusta la pasta? – según do you like pasta? – it depends;lo intentaré según esté de tiempo I'll try to do it, depending on how much time I have;según qué días la clase es muy aburrida some days the class is really boring* * *I prp according to;según él according to him;según eso which means;según el tiempo depending on the weather;según y como, según y conforme vaya depending on how things pan outII adv1 it depends;aceptaré o no, según I might accept, it all depends:la tensión crecía según se acercaba el final the tension mounted as the end approached* * *según adv: it dependssegún y como: it all depends onsegún conj1) como, conforme: as, just assegún lo dejé: just as I left it2) : depending on howsegún se vea: depending on how one sees itsegún prep1) : according tosegún los rumores: according to the rumors2) : depending onsegún los resultados: depending on the results* * *según1 adv1. (dependiendo de) depending on2. it dependsno sé si iré o me quedaré, según I don't know if I'll go or stay, it depends3. (a medida que) assegún iban entrando, se les daba una copa de cava as they came in, they were given a glass of cavasegún2 prep according tosegún lo previsto according to plan / just as planned
См. также в других словарях:
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