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1 απαγορευμένο
tabooΕλληνικά-Αγγλικά νέο λεξικό (Greek-English new dictionary) > απαγορευμένο
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2 Διοπετής
Διοπετής, ές,Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > Διοπετής
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3 ἱερός
Aἱερὸς ἀκτή Hes. Op. 597
, 805, Orac. ap. Hdt.8.77: [dialect] Ion. and poet. [full] ἱρός, ή, όν (v. sub fin.): [dialect] Dor. and N. Greek [full] ἱᾰρός IG22.1126.20, etc.: [dialect] Aeol. [full] ἶρος Sapph.Supp.23.25, Alc.Supp.8.4, but [full] ἴαρος (corr. from ἴερ-) Sapph. Supp. 20a.6: [comp] Sup. (lyr.), Pl.Lg. 755e.I filled with or manifesting divine power, supernatural,ἱ. ἲς Τηλεμάχοιο Od.2.409
, al.;ἱ. μένος Ἀλκινόοιο 8.421
, etc.; ἄλφιτον, ἀλωαί, Il.11.631, 5.499;Δημήτερος ἱερὸς ἀκτή Hes.Op.
Il.c.; of natural objects or phenomena, rivers, Od.10.351, Il.11.726, E.Med. 410 (lyr.); λιβάς, of the Spercheus, S.Ph. 1215 (lyr.); ἱεραὶ βῆσσαι Κίρκης 'faery', Od.10.275; ἱ. ἦμαρ, κνέφας, Il.8.66, 11.194; ; ἱερὸς δίφρος (where δ. perh.= ἵπποι) Il.17.464; after Hom.,ἱ. χεῦμα θαλάσσης A.Fr. 192
(anap.);ἱ. κῦμα E.Hipp. 1206
, cf. Cyc. 265; ; (lyr.); ὕπνος, of death, Call.Epigr.11; ἔστι μὲν οὐδὲν ἱ. no great matter, Theoc.5.22.II of divine things, holy,ἱεροῖς ἐν δώμασι Κίρκης Od.10.426
;ἱ. γένος ἀθανάτων Hes.Th.21
; λέχος, of Zeus, ib.57; δόσις the gift of God, ib. 93; πόλεμος holy war, ' crusade', Ar.Av. 556, etc.2 of earthly things, hallowed, consecrated,βωμοί Il.2.305
; ἱ. δόμος, of the temple of Athena, 6.89;ἱ. ἑκατόμβη 1.99
, 431, etc.;ἐλαίη Od.13.372
; , etc.; ἱρὰ γράμματα hieroglyphics, Hdt.2.36; but ἱ. γράμματα of the Holy Scriptures, 2 Ep.Tim.3.15;ἱ. βύβλοι OGI56.70
(Canopus, iii B.C.); ἱ. ἄγαλμα, τρίπους, S.OT 1379, E. Ion 512, etc.; , etc.; ; ἱ. σώματα, of ἱερόδουλοι, Str.6.2.6;χῆνες Plu.2.325c
; of animals regarded as 'taboo', [κριοί] εἰσί σφι ἱ. διὰ τοῦτο Hdt.2.42
; so perh.ἱ. ἰχθύς Il.16.407
; of the Roman Tribunes,= Lat. sacrosanctus,ἱ. καὶ ἄσυλος Plu.TG15
, etc.; of Augustus, Mon.Anc.Gr. 5.17; ἱ. νόμος law of sacrifice, D.21.35, cf. SIG685.81 (ii B.C.); ἱ. λόγος legend, Hdt.2.81, etc.;οἱ παλαιοὶ καὶ ἱ. λόγοι Pl.Ep. 335a
; ἱ. γάμος mystical marriage, a religious ceremony, Men.320, Phot. s.v.; opp. βέβηλος, as sacred to profane, D.H.7.8, AB223; but more freq.ἱ. καὶ ὅσιος Th.2.52
, X.Vect.5.4, etc.; cf. ὅσιος.3 under divine protection, freq. of places,Ἴλιος Il.5.648
, Alc.Supp.8.4;Πύλος Od. 21.108
; .6; Τροίης ἱερὸν πτολίεθρον, Τροίης ἱερὰ κρήδεμνα, Od.1.2, Il.16.100;Ἀθῆναι Od.11.323
, cf. Pi.Fr.75, S. Aj. 1221 (lyr.), Ps.-Orac. ap. Ar.Eq. 1037;Σούνιον ἱρόν Od.3.278
; ἱ. κύκλος the judge's seat under the protection of Zeus, Il.18.504: with gen. of the divinity, ἄλσος ἱρὸν Ἀθηναίης, ἄντρον ἱρὸν νυμφάων, Od.6.322, 13.104, cf. Hdt.1.80,2.41, Ar.Pl. 937, X.An.5.3.13, etc.; ; χωρίον ὡς -ώτατον ib. 755e, cf. Ti. 45a; with gen. of a human being,Γναθίου.. ἱ. εἰμι IG12.920
.b of persons,φυλάκων ἱ. τέλος Il.10.56
;ἱ. πυλαωροί 24.681
;στρατός Od.24.81
;βασιλέες Pi.P.5.97
; ἱ. εὐσεβής τε, of Oedipus, S.OC 287; ἅνθρωπος ἱ. initiated, Ar.Ra. 652; c. gen. of a divinity, deuoted, dedicated, E.Alc.75, Pl.Phd. 85b.c under the Roman Empire,= sacer, imperial,ἐκ τῶν ἱερῶν τοῦ Καίσαρος γραμμάτων IGRom.4.571
(Aezani, ii A.D.); ὁ -ώτατος φίσκος, τὸ -ώτατον ταμιεῖον, ib.3.727 ([place name] Lycia), SIG888.10 (Scaptopara, iii A.D.), etc.; τὸ -ώτατον βῆμα (of the praefectus Aegypti), PHamb.4.8 (i A.D.): generally, worshipful,ἱ. σύνοδος OGI713.9
(Egypt, iii A.D.), etc.III as Subst.,1 [full] ἱερά, [dialect] Ion. [full] ἱρά, τά, offerings, victims,ἱερὰ ῥέξας Il.1.147
, etc.; ;διδόναι Od.16.184
;ἀλλ' ὅ γε δέκτο μὲν ἱρά Il.2.420
, cf. 23.207: less freq. in sg., ;θῦσαι ἱρά Hdt.1.59
, 8.54, etc.;θυσίας καὶ ἱρὰ ποιέειν Id.2.63
; ;ἱ. πατρῷα A.Th. 1015
;ἱ. ἐπιχώρια Democr.259
.b after Hom., omens afforded by sacrifice,τὰ ἱρὰ οὐ προεχώρεε χρηστά Hdt. 5.44
; τὰ ἱερὰ καλὰ [ἦν] X.An.1.8.15; simply οὐκ ἐγίγνετο τὰ ἱ. ib. 2.2.3.c generally, sacred objects or rites, Hdt.1.172,4.33;τῶν ὑμετέρων ἱ. καὶ κοινῶν μετεῖχον D.57.3
; of cult-images, IG Rom.3.800 (syllium).2 after Hom., [full] ἱερόν, [dialect] Ion. [full] ἱρόν, τό, holy place, Hdt.5.119,al.; opp. νηός, Id.2.170, cf. Th.4.90,5.18; freq. of a temple, ἔστι δὲ ἐν τῷ τεμένεϊ.. ἱρόν κτλ. Hdt.2.112; of the Jewish temple, LXX 1 Ch.29.4, Plb.16.39.4, Str.16.2.34, Ev.Matt.24.1.3 ἱερὸν τῆς δίκης a sacred principle of right, E.Hel. 1002.5 ἱεροί, οἱ, members of a religious college or guild, ib.5(1).1390.1, al. (Andania, i B.C.), prob. in SIG1010.7 ([place name] Chalcedon), etc.; also of women, [full] ἱεραί, αἱ, IG5(1). l.c., cf. 1511 ([place name] Sparta).b = ἱερόδουλος, ib. 1356 (Messenia, V B.C.), Inscr.Perg.572, GDI5702.39 ([place name] Samos).IV special phrases, post-Hom.,1 prov., ἱ. ἄγκυρα one's last hope, Plu. 2.815d, Luc.JTr.51, Fug.13, Poll.1.93, Gal.11.182.2 ἱ. βόλος, name of a throw at dice, Eub.57.1.3 ἱ. βοτάνη, v. βοτάνη.4 ἱ. (sc. γραμμή) (cf.γραμμή 111.1
), last line of draught-board,κινήσαις τὸν ἀπ' ἴρας.. λίθον Alc.82
, cf. Epich.225, Sophr.127; τὴν ἀφ' ἱερᾶς (v.l. τὴν ἱεράν) Plu.Cor.32.6 ἱ. λόχος, v. λόχος.7 ἱερά (sc. νίκη), ἡ, drawn contest, dead heat (because the prize was assigned to the god), SIG1073.48 (Olymp.); ποιῆσαι ἱεράν, of the competitor, Wood Ephesus, App.vi p.70; soἱ. ἀθλήματα Inscr.Olymp.56
;ἱερὸς ὁ στέφανος ἐκρίθη IG9(2).525
([place name] Larissa); τὸ παγκράτιον ἱ. ἐγένετο ib.527 (ibid.); ἱερός (sc. ἀγών) ib.7.2727.19, 24 (Acraeph.): metaph., ἱερὸν ποιῆσαι τὸν στέφανον 'divide the honours', Plb.1.58.5, 29.8.9.8 ἱ. νόσος epilepsy, Hdt.3.33, Hp.Morb. Sacr.tit., Thphr.HP9.11.3, etc., cf. Call.Aet.3.1.14: metaph.,τὴν οἴησιν ἱ. νόσον ἔλεγε Heraclit.46
( = Epicur.Fr. 224).9 ἡ ἱ. ὁδός the sacred road to Delphi, Hdt.6.34; also, from Athens to Eleusis, Cratin. 61, Paus.1.36.3, Harp. s.v.; and that from Elis to Olympia, Paus. 5.25.7.10 ἱ. ὀστέον, os sacrum, the last bone of the spine, Hp. Art.45, Plu.2.981d, Gal.UP5.8, etc.11 ἱ. συμβουλή sacred duty of an adviser, Pl.Ep. 321c, X.An.5.6.4, cf. Pl.Thg. 122b, Luc.Rh.Pr. 1.12 ἱ. σῦριγξ spinal canal, Poll.2.180.13 ἱερὰ τριήρης, of the Delian ship, or one of the state-ships (Salaminia or Paralos), D.4.34.14 freq. in geographical names, e.g. ἱ ἄκρα, in Lycia, Str. 14.3.8; ἱ. ἀκρωτήριον, in Spain, Cape St. Vincent, Id.2.4.3; ἱ. κώμη, in Lydia, Plb.16.1.8; ἱ. νῆσος, one of the Liparean group, Th.3.88; one of the insulae Aegates, Plb.1.60.3.V Adv. - ρῶς holily, ἀποθανεῖν v.l. in Plu.Lyc.27. [[pron. full] ῐ by nature, but sts. [pron. full] ῑ in [dialect] Ep., esp. in endings of hexameters, ἱ. ἰχθύς, ἱ. ἦμαρ, ἱερὰ ῥέξας, ἀλφίτου ἱεροῦ ἀκτή, Il.16.407, 8.66, 1.147, 11.631; ῑερόν in the first foot of a hex., Theoc.5.22; also in compds. ἱεραγωγός, ἱεροθαλλής, ἱερόφωνος: [pron. full] ῑ always in [var] contr. form ἱρός wh. is used in [dialect] Ep., Hdt., and some [dialect] Ion. inscrr., as IG12(8).265.9 ([place name] Thasos), cf. Semon.7.56, Herod.4.79, al., but is rarely found in codd. of Hp. (never in Heraclit. or Democr.); also in Trag., A.Th. 268, etc., but never required by metre in lyr. of Com.] -
4 ἄρκτος
Grammatical information: f. (m.?)Meaning: `bear' (Il.); also `Ursa maior' (Scherer Gestirnnamen 131ff.), `the north'; also a crustacean, `Arctos Ursus' = τέττιξ (Arist.; Thompson Fishes 17).Other forms: ἄρκος m. f. (LXX). The form is early in names, Dobias-Lalou, Inscr. Cyrène, 2000, 6. Late ἄρξ (OGI 201, 15).Derivatives: Demin. ἀρκτύλος (Poll.), ἄρκυλλος (Sch. Opp.), ἄρκιλος (Eust.); ἀρκτῳ̃ος `id.' (Luc.; after ἑῳ̃ος from ἕως); ἄρκ(τ)ειος `belonging to a bear' (Dsc.; after αἴγειος, βόειος etc.); ἀρκτῆ (aus - έη) f. `skin of a bear' (Anaxandr.). ἄρκτιον n. plant name, `Inula candida' (Dsc.; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 118). - Whether Άρκάδες (s.v.) belongs here, is uncertain s. Sommer Ahh. u. Sprw. 63f.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [864] *h₂rtḱo- `bear'Etymology: The late form with single - κ- is confirmed by derivations; it must be just simplification (or from before the metathesis?). Old name of the bear: Skt. ŕ̥kṣa-, Av. arša-, Arm. arǰ, Lat. ursus, Celt., e.g. MIr. art. Hitt. ḫartagga- lead to the reconstruction *h₂rtḱo-. In Germanic and Balto-Slavic the name was replaced, prob. for taboo-reasons; cf. Emeneau Lang. 24, 56ff. The old etymology as `destroyer' (Skt. rákṣas-, Aw. raš- `damage) has now become untenable. On the suffix -ḱ- cf. ἀλώπηξ.Page in Frisk: 1,141-142Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄρκτος
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5 βάτραχος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `frog' (Hdt.). Also name of a fish `Lophius piscatorius' (Arist.), s. Strömberg Fischnamen 92f.).Other forms: Ion. βάθρακος with normal displacement of aspiration (Schwyzer 269, Lejeune, Phonét. 50); βότραχος (Hp.) and βρόταχος (Xenoph. 40, s. Bechtel Dial. 3, 109); βρατάχους βατράχους H.; - βρούχετος.. βάτραχον δε Κύπριοι H. (after βρυχάομαι?, Schwyzer 182); βύρθακος βάτραχος H.; βρύτιχοι βάτραχοι μικροὶ ἔχοντες οὑράς H. (cf. βρύω?); - βριαγχόνην βάτραχον. Φωκεῖς H. (mistake?; for *βρ(α)τ-αγχ-?); βρόγχος βάτραχος H. may also be a mistake); still βλίκανος, βλίκαρος, βλίχα(ς) (H., EM, Suid.); βλίταχος (H.). - βάβακοι ὑπὸ Ήλείων τέττιγες, ὑπὸ Ποντικῶν δε βάτραχοι H. ( βαβάζω, s. v.). - Mod. Gr. forms in Hatzidakis Lexikogr. Archiv ( Anh. Άθ. 26) 48ff., also G. Meyer IF 6, 107f.Derivatives: Demin. βατράχιον (Paus.), plant `Ranunculus' (Hp., Dsc., cf. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 119); βατραχίσκοι μέρος τι τῆς κιθάρας H.; on the suffixes Chantr. Form. 408. - βατραχίτης, - ῖτις ( λίθος; from the colour; Plin.; s. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 53).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Several variants will be due to folketymology or taboo, and also simple phonetic variation. A priori for all these forms a local, i.e. Pre-Gr. form is to be expected. To this will point the variation α\/ο. This holds also for βαρδακος if this must be read in H. for βαρακος βάραχος (Fur. 184 A. 2; s. Latte). The form may in origin have been onomat.? (cf. Grošelj, Živa Ant. 6 (1956) 235) βρατ-αχ-, cf. βρεκεκεξ. Or even * brt-ak-, from which the forms with - υ- might come ( βύρθακος, βρύτιχος). The desperate forms βριαγχόνη, βρόγχος (this form to be read for βρούχετος?) contain a (misread) prenasalized *( βρατ)αγχος, which would also point to Pre-Greek. On the χ-suffix in animal names Specht Ursprung 255. - The forms βλικ\/χ- and βάβακοι, of course, are etymologically unrelated. - For the meaning `hearth' Szemerényi, Gnomon 43 (1971) 660 refers to Alb. vatre.Page in Frisk: 1,226-227Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βάτραχος
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6 ἠπίαλος
ἠπίαλος EphialtesGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `ague, ague from fever' (Thgn., Ar., Hp. etc.; on th meaning Strömberg Wortstudien 82ff.); `nightmare';Other forms: ἐπίαλος Alc. bei EM 434, 6 (prob. after ἐπί); cf. ἠπίολος `moth' (Arist. HA 605b 14; v. l. - όλης) with ἠπιόλιον ῥιγοπυρέτιον H.Derivatives: ἠπιαλώδης `ἠπ.-like' (Hp.), ἠπιαλέω `suffer from ἠπ.' (Ar., Arist.), ἐξ-ηπιαλόομαι `become ἠπ.' (Hp.). - ἠπίολος `moth' (Arist. HA 605b 14; v. l. - όλης) with ἠπιόλιον ῥιγοπυρέτιον H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Acc. to Strömberg l.c. from ἤπιος, prop. "mild fever" a taboo-paraphrase; cf. the parallels mentioned there; an improbable hypothesis. (On - αλο- Chantraine Formation 246f.) From ἠπίαλος is ἠπίολος (better - όλης; after the nouns in - όλης) `moth' not to be separated, as is shown by the words adduced by Bugge BB 18, 166: Lith. drugỹs `(cold) fever, feverbird(?), butterfly' (to Russ. drožátь `shiver'), Alb. ethe `fever' with ethëzë "feverbird(?)", `moth'; s. further Immisch Glotta 6, 193; in folklore butterflies etc. bring fever. - Not with Vaniček a. o. (e. g. Güntert Kalypso 226f.) to Lat. vappō `moth?'. - See also on Έφιαλτης. - Given the variation α\/ο prob. a Pre-Greek word (Fur. 258, 342).Page in Frisk: 1,640-641Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἠπίαλος
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7 καλλαρίας
Grammatical information: m.Other forms: γαλ(λ)αρίας ἰξθύς, ὁ ὀνίσκος H., γαλλερίας, γελαρίης (Dorion) and χελλαρίης = ὀνίσκος (Dorio ap. Ath. 3, 118c).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Formation in - ίας (Chantraine Formation 94), (jokingly, or as taboo?) to κάλλος; with the synonymous γαλ(λ)αρίας one connects γαλεός `dog-fish' (?). See Strömberg Fischnamen 130f. Also Thompson Fishes 97. The variants clearly show a Pre-Greek word (Fur. 140); the two ε's and the λλ point to *kalyar-Page in Frisk: 1,765Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καλλαρίας
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8 κνέφας
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `evening dusk, dark, morning twilight' (Il., X.); on the inflection Schwyzer 514f.; second. nom. acc. κνέφος (H., Suid., Phot.; from κνέφους, - ει?).Derivatives: κνεφαῖος `of the dusk, dark' (trag., com., Hippon.); κνεφάζω `get dark' (A. Ag. 131 [lyr.]).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Several hypotheses, all problematic. Often connected with the Indo-Iran. word for `night', Skt. kṣap-, Av. xšap- with Hitt. išpant- `id'), e.g. Petersen AmJPh 56, 57 (cross of *ξέπας or *κτέπας and νέφος). Others compared Lat. creper `dusk', crepusculum `id.' assuming Sabinic (evt. Etruscan) development. Not better Meillet BSL 23, 259f., Studia Indo-iranica for W. Geiger 234ff. and Grošelj Živa Ant. 2, 210f. - Rhyming is ψέφας, s. v.; cf. also δνόφος. The varying anlaut through taboo, Specht Ursprung 11. See Pok. 649), W.-Hofmann s. creper. The word is no doubt Pre-Greek, but the variation is not known from elsewhere.Page in Frisk: 1,882Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κνέφας
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9 λαγώς
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `hare'; also metaph. as name of a bird (Thompson Birds s. v. ; cf. λαγωΐς below), several sea-animals (Thompson Fishes s. v., Strömberg Fischnamen 111), of a constellation (Scherer Gestirnnamen 189, 192), of a bandage (medic.)Other forms: - ῶς; (cf. on the gender Schwyzer-Debrunner 31 w. n. 4), gen. λαγώ (-ῶ), acc. λαγών, analog. - ώ(-ῶ) etc. (Att.); ep., Arist. λαγωός, Ion. Dor., poet. λαγός.Compounds: As 1. member e. g. in λαγο-δαίτᾱς m. `hase-devourer' (A.), λαγω(ο)-βόλον n. `staff for flinging at hares' (Theoc., A P).Derivatives: Diminut.: λαγῴδιον (Ar., pap.), λαγωδάριον (Ph.); λάγιον (X.), λαγίδιον (M. Ant., Poll.), λαγιδεύς (Str.; Boßhardt 72). Adject.: λαγῳ̃ος `belonging to a hare', τὰ λαγῳ̃α `hare-flesh, titbit' (Hp., com.), λαγώειος `id.' (Opp.), λαγώνεια λαγοῦ κρέα H. (: ταών(ε)ιος from ταώς. - ῶς); λάγειος (of κρέας, Hp.), λάγινος `belonging to a hare' (A.). Bird-names: λαγωΐς f. (Hor. Sat. 2, 2, 22; leporini coloris Porph.; cf. W.-Hofmann s. v.). λαγωΐνης ὄρνις ποιός H. (cf. κεγχρίνης, ἐλαφίνης a. o.), λαγω-δίας = ὦτος (kind of owl; Alex. Mynd. ap. Ath. 9, 390f; cf. καχρυ-δ-ίας and Chantraine Form. 203).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: From *λαγ(ο)-ω[υσ]-ός `with slack ears', adject. bahuvrihi of *λαγος (*λάξ; s. on λαγαίω) and οὖς (Schwyzer KZ 37, 146f.); cf. Osset. tärqūs `hare', prop. "Long-ear", NPers. xargōš `id.', prop. "ass-ear" (Schulze KZ 48, 101 = Kl. Schr. 372), Berber. bu tmezgīn "the animal with the long ears" (Benveniste Sprache 1, 119); taboo-word of the language of hunters (e.g. Schwyzer 38, Havers Sprachtabu 51 f.). Through contraction and analogy arose λαγώς, λαγός (Schwyzer 557 w. n. 1). On the stem-formation also Sommer Nominalkomp. 18 f.; the there proposed substantival interpretation ("Schlappohr") like NHG Langohr `ass, hare' is neither morphologically nor phonetically defendable.Page in Frisk: 2,70-71Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λαγώς
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10 λύκος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `wolf' (Il.) ; often metaph., a. o. as name of a kind of daw (Arist.; v. l. λύκιος, cf. Thompson Birds s. v.), of a fish (Hikes. ap. Ath.; Strömberg Fischnamen 105), = `hook, sting' (Plu., Poll.) etc.Compounds: Compp., e.g. Λυκό-(Ϝ)οργος \> Λυκοῦργος prop. "holding off the wolves " ( εἴργω), Λυκοσ-ούρα town in Arcadia, after the contraction Κυνοσ-ούρα (Risch IF 59, 266 w. n. 1); λυκ-αψός ( λύκ-) m., also - ψίς f., name of a venomous plant, `Echium italicum' (Nic., Dsc., Gal.), prop. "attacking wolves" (cf. Strömberg Wortstudien 100f. on χορδαψός), because of its poison as λυκο-κτόνον a. o. (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 66 u. 70 f.); but see s.v.Derivatives: Feminines: λύκαινα `she-wolf' (Arist.; after λέαινα etc.) with - αίνιον (Poll.; of a woman); λυκώ name of the moon (PMag. Par.); diminut.: λυκιδεύς m. `younger wolf' (Sol. ap. Plu., Theoc.; Boßhardt 65), λυκίσκος ἡ μη ἔχουσα ἀξονίσκον τροχαλία, τρῆμα δε μόνον H.; also PN (Schwyzer 542). Further: λυκέη, -ῆ `wolfsskin' (K 459 a.o.), λύκειος δορά `id.' (E. Rh. 208), substantiv. λυκεία f. (Plb. 6, 22, 3); λυκώδης `wolf-like' (Arist.), λυκηδόν `as a wolf' (A.), λυκηθμός `howling of wolves' (Anon. ap. Suid.; after μυκηθμός); λυκόομαι `be lacerated by wolves' (X.). On λύσσα s. v.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1178] *u̯l̥kʷos `wolf'Etymology: With λύκος agrees formally exactly the Northgerm. name of the lynx, Swed. lō (PGm. * luha- from IE * luko-; s. 2. λύγξ). But of course one prefers to connect the widespread name of the wolf, which is preserved e. g. in Skt. vŕ̥ka-, Lith. vil̃kas, OCS vlьkъ, Goth. wulfs, Alb. ulk. With the resulting IE *u̯l̥kʷos can λύκος be combined if we assume, that the labiovelar coloured the preceding sonant with loss of the labialisation, cf. Schwyzer 298 and 352; s. also on κύκλος. A comparable problem gives Lat. lupus. Far remains however Arm. gayl (rather to Ir. gāel `wolf' with Fick 2, 259 a. o.). With the name of the wolf taboo-ideas may have played a part (Havers Sprachtabu 37ff.) which may have caused phonetic irregularities. Also for IE *u̯l̥kʷos such an origin is possible; the interpretation as `lacerater' (to u̯el(k)- `lacerate' not counting the labiovelar; s. Specht KZ 66, 26f.) remains hypothetic. - Details in WP. 1, 316f., Pok. 1178f., W.-Hofmann s. lupus, Vasmer s. volk; also Benveniste BSL 44, 53.Page in Frisk: 2,143-144Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λύκος
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11 μίλτος
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `ruddle, red earth, red colour, cinnabar, vermillion, red-lead' (Hdt., com., Att. inscr.), also `rust' in plants = ἐρυσίβη (Paus. Gr.), as taboo-word for `blood' ( PMag.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. μιλτο-πάρῃος `with redpainted cheeks', of ships (Hom.), ἔμ-, σύμ-μιλτος `painted with red' (Dsc., Lebadea).Derivatives: μιλτάριον = `blood' ( PMag.), μιλτεῖον `vessel for storing μ.' (AP), μίλτ-ειος `of μ.' (AP), - ώδης 'μ.-coloured, rich in μ.' (Eub., com., Str.), - ίτης m. name of a red stone (Plin.; Redard 57), - όω `smear with μ.' (Hdt., Ar.). EN Μιλτεύς (Epid.VIa; or appellative), Μιλτ-ιάδης (after Στρεψι-άδης), Μιλτώ f. etc.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Technical foreign word (cf. Schwyzer 503). The usual connection with μέλας etc. (Prellwitz, Bq, WP. 2, 293) is phonetically as well as morphologically impossible, and "begrifflich wenig treffend". No doubt Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,237-238Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μίλτος
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12 σπλήν
σπλήν, σπληνόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `spleen' (IA), metaph. `compress' (Hp.; cf. - ίον), αἰγὸς σπλήν as plantname `mallow, cheeseweed' (Ps.-Dsc.).Compounds: As 2. member a. o. in ἄ-σπλην-ον n., - ος m. `miltwaste' (Dsc. a. o., because of its medic. effect against spleen; Strömberg Pfl. 86, where ἀ- is wrongy interpreted as prothetic, cf. Vitr. I 4, 10).Derivatives: 1. σπλην-ίον n., - ίσκον n., - ίσκος m., - άριον n. `compress' (Hp., Dsc., Samos IVa); - ίον also as name of several plants (Dsc.; cf. ἄσπληνον ab.). 2. - ίτης, f. - ῖτις `belonging to the spleen, disease of the spleen' (Medic.; Redard 104 a. 102 f.). 3. - ικός `belonging to the spleen, splenetic' (Hp., hell. com. etc.), - ώδης `id.' (Hp.). 4. - ιάω `to be splenetic' (Arist. a. o.). -- Beside it σπλάγχνα n. pl. `interior organs (heart, liver, lungs, kidneys), intestines' (Il.), rarely and second. sg. as des. of individual organs (A., Pl., Arist.), metaph. (pl. a. sg.) "heart" = `mental state' (trag.), `compassion, commiseration, charity' (LXX, NT; coloured by Semitic). As 1. member a. o. in σπλαγχνο-φάγος `eating intestines' (LXX a.o.); often as 2. member, e.g. εὔ-σπλαγχνος `having healthy intestines' (Hp.), `compassionate' (LXX, NT). From it 1. σπλαγχν-ίδια n. pl. dimin. (Diph.). 2. - ίδης ( UPZ 89, 3 a. 13) form a. meaning doubted; cf. Wilcken ad loc. 3. - ικός `belonging to σ.' (Dsc., pap.). 4. - ίζομαι `to commiserate' (LXX, NT); - ίζω, - εύω `to consume intestines' (Cos IVa, LXX resp. Ar. a. o.) with - ισμός m. (LXX); - εύω, - εύομαι `to predict from intestines' (Str.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [987] *spl(ē)ngh- `spleen'Etymology: On the meaning of σπλήν and σπλάγχνα Egli Heteroklisie 44 ff. (not in all respects convincing); on Σπλήν as PN Bechtel Namenstud. 43 ff. With σπλήν cf. other names of body-parts as φρήν, ἀδήν, αὑχήν etc., which however all inflect with ablaut ( φρεν-ός etc. as against σπλην-ός). -- Several IE designtions of the spleen show in spite of great phonetic variation an clear similarity, which cannot be accidental. The basic word has because of association with other words, prob. also through taboo (Havers Sprachtabu 64, Specht Ursprung 77 n. 3) known strong changes. Thus Skt. plīhán- against Lat. liēn with common vocalization and stemformation but deviating anlaut; Av. spǝrǝzan-, also n-stem, but with zero grade (IE l̥) and initial sp-; the words mentioned have also IE ǵh before the suffix (Lat. liēn from * lihēn). Besides these, with stronger deviations, Arm. p'aycaɫn, OIr. selg, Lith. blužnìs, S.-CSl. slězena etc. -- As a reconstruction in detail is impossible, only suppositions are possible. We should start from *σπληχ-, *σπλαχ- (= Av. spǝrǝz-an-) with ν-stem as liēn etc. By anticipation of the nasal we get σπλα-γ-χ-ν-; further σπλήν haplological for *σπληχ-ήν (after monosyll. φρήν) or from *σπλη-γ-χ[ν]-? -- More w. lit. in WP. 2, 680, Pok. 987, W.-Hofmann s. liēn, Mayrhofer s. plīhā́, Vasmer s. selezënka. On σπλήν and σπλάγχνα also Egli l. c. and Schwyzer 489 w. n. 1. Older lit. also in Bq. -- Lat. LW [loanword] splēn (Engl. spleen etc.).Page in Frisk: 2,769-770Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπλήν
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13 σπληνός
σπλήν, σπληνόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `spleen' (IA), metaph. `compress' (Hp.; cf. - ίον), αἰγὸς σπλήν as plantname `mallow, cheeseweed' (Ps.-Dsc.).Compounds: As 2. member a. o. in ἄ-σπλην-ον n., - ος m. `miltwaste' (Dsc. a. o., because of its medic. effect against spleen; Strömberg Pfl. 86, where ἀ- is wrongy interpreted as prothetic, cf. Vitr. I 4, 10).Derivatives: 1. σπλην-ίον n., - ίσκον n., - ίσκος m., - άριον n. `compress' (Hp., Dsc., Samos IVa); - ίον also as name of several plants (Dsc.; cf. ἄσπληνον ab.). 2. - ίτης, f. - ῖτις `belonging to the spleen, disease of the spleen' (Medic.; Redard 104 a. 102 f.). 3. - ικός `belonging to the spleen, splenetic' (Hp., hell. com. etc.), - ώδης `id.' (Hp.). 4. - ιάω `to be splenetic' (Arist. a. o.). -- Beside it σπλάγχνα n. pl. `interior organs (heart, liver, lungs, kidneys), intestines' (Il.), rarely and second. sg. as des. of individual organs (A., Pl., Arist.), metaph. (pl. a. sg.) "heart" = `mental state' (trag.), `compassion, commiseration, charity' (LXX, NT; coloured by Semitic). As 1. member a. o. in σπλαγχνο-φάγος `eating intestines' (LXX a.o.); often as 2. member, e.g. εὔ-σπλαγχνος `having healthy intestines' (Hp.), `compassionate' (LXX, NT). From it 1. σπλαγχν-ίδια n. pl. dimin. (Diph.). 2. - ίδης ( UPZ 89, 3 a. 13) form a. meaning doubted; cf. Wilcken ad loc. 3. - ικός `belonging to σ.' (Dsc., pap.). 4. - ίζομαι `to commiserate' (LXX, NT); - ίζω, - εύω `to consume intestines' (Cos IVa, LXX resp. Ar. a. o.) with - ισμός m. (LXX); - εύω, - εύομαι `to predict from intestines' (Str.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [987] *spl(ē)ngh- `spleen'Etymology: On the meaning of σπλήν and σπλάγχνα Egli Heteroklisie 44 ff. (not in all respects convincing); on Σπλήν as PN Bechtel Namenstud. 43 ff. With σπλήν cf. other names of body-parts as φρήν, ἀδήν, αὑχήν etc., which however all inflect with ablaut ( φρεν-ός etc. as against σπλην-ός). -- Several IE designtions of the spleen show in spite of great phonetic variation an clear similarity, which cannot be accidental. The basic word has because of association with other words, prob. also through taboo (Havers Sprachtabu 64, Specht Ursprung 77 n. 3) known strong changes. Thus Skt. plīhán- against Lat. liēn with common vocalization and stemformation but deviating anlaut; Av. spǝrǝzan-, also n-stem, but with zero grade (IE l̥) and initial sp-; the words mentioned have also IE ǵh before the suffix (Lat. liēn from * lihēn). Besides these, with stronger deviations, Arm. p'aycaɫn, OIr. selg, Lith. blužnìs, S.-CSl. slězena etc. -- As a reconstruction in detail is impossible, only suppositions are possible. We should start from *σπληχ-, *σπλαχ- (= Av. spǝrǝz-an-) with ν-stem as liēn etc. By anticipation of the nasal we get σπλα-γ-χ-ν-; further σπλήν haplological for *σπληχ-ήν (after monosyll. φρήν) or from *σπλη-γ-χ[ν]-? -- More w. lit. in WP. 2, 680, Pok. 987, W.-Hofmann s. liēn, Mayrhofer s. plīhā́, Vasmer s. selezënka. On σπλήν and σπλάγχνα also Egli l. c. and Schwyzer 489 w. n. 1. Older lit. also in Bq. -- Lat. LW [loanword] splēn (Engl. spleen etc.).Page in Frisk: 2,769-770Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπληνός
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14 ἀρχεῖον
ἀρχεῖον, ου, τό (s. ἀρχή; X. et al.; ins, pap; Jos., Vi. 38, C. Ap. 1, 143; IHierapJ 212, 6 ἐν τῷ ἀρχίῳ τ. Ἰουδαίων; loanw. in rabb.) orig. the government building, in which the official records were kept, hence also ‘archives’, and in a transf. sense the documents that were stored official records, original documents (so Dionys. Hal., Ant. 2, 26; Jul. Africanus to Aristides: TU 34 p. 61, 9 WReichardt [in Eus., HE 1, 7, 13; 1, 13, 5]) ἐὰν μὴ ἐν τοῖς ἀρχείοις εὕρω if I do not find it in the original documents (prob.=the OT) IPhld 8:2. ἐμοὶ δὲ ἀρχεῖά ἐστιν Ἰ. Χρ., τὰ ἄθικτα ἀρχεῖα ὁ σταυρὸς αὐτοῦ for me the original documents are Jesus Christ, the taboo (=holy, cp. Aeschyl., Ag. 371) original documents are his cross ibid.—DELG s.v. ἄρχω E, 2 p. 121.
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taboo — [tə bo͞o′, tabo͞o′] n. pl. taboos [< a Polynesian language: cf. Tongan, Samoan, Maori, etc. tapu] 1. a) among some Polynesian peoples, a sacred prohibition put upon certain people, things, or acts which makes them untouchable, unmentionable,… … English World dictionary
Taboo — Ta*boo , v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Tabooed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Tabooing}.] To put under taboo; to forbid, or to forbid the use of; to interdict approach to, or use of; as, to taboo the ground set apart as a sanctuary for criminals. [Written also {tabu} … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Taboo — Ta*boo , a. [Written also {tabu} and {tapu}.] [Polynesian tabu, tapu, sacred, under restriction, a prohibition.] Set apart or sacred by religious custom among certain races of Polynesia, New Zealand, etc., and forbidden to certain persons or… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
taboo — 1777 (in Cook s A Voyage to the Pacific Ocean ), consecrated, inviolable, forbidden, unclean or cursed, explained in some English sources as being from Tongan (Polynesian language of the island of Tonga) ta bu sacred, from ta mark + bu especially … Etymology dictionary
taboo — [adj] not allowed, permitted anathema, banned, beyond the pale*, disapproved, forbidden, frowned on*, illegal, off limits*, outlawed, out of bounds*, prohibited, proscribed, reserved, restricted, ruled out, unacceptable, unmentionable,… … New thesaurus
Taboo — Ta*boo , n. A total prohibition of intercourse with, use of, or approach to, a given person or thing under pain of death, an interdict of religious origin and authority, formerly common in the islands of Polynesia; interdiction. [Written also… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
taboo — index ban, exclude, forbid, illicit, inhibit, prohibition, proscribe (prohibit), restraint … Law dictionary
taboo — is a noun, adjective, and verb, and is pronounced with the stress on the second syllable in all three. The noun has the plural form taboos, and the verb has inflected forms taboos, tabooed, tabooing. The variant form tabu is restricted to… … Modern English usage
