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41 Court of Queen's Bench
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42 High Court of the King's or Queen's Bench
Юридический термин: Высокий Суд Королевской Скамьи (The former Court of Queen's Bench became the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court of Justice in 1873 (encyclopedia. thefreedictionary))Универсальный англо-русский словарь > High Court of the King's or Queen's Bench
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43 High Court of Justice
юр., брит. Высокий суд, Высокий суд справедливости (наряду с Апелляционным судом и Судом короны входит в Верховный суд Англии и Уэльса; имеет три отделения — королевской скамьи, канцлерское и семейное)Syn:See:Court of Appeal, Crown Court, Supreme Court of England and Wales, Queen's Bench Division, Chancery Division, Family Division, Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876* * * -
44 hold court
1) проводить судебное заседание; творить, вершить суд, отправлять правосудие‘What have you been up to?’ ‘Up to? Why, I have been holding court.’ (J. Steinbeck, ‘Cup of Gold’, ch. 5) — - Чем вы были заняты? - Чем? Проводил заседание суда.
But toward morning I have a way, also of holding court on myself, and that is even more intolerable. (S. Bellow, ‘Dangling Man’, ‘January 26, 1943’) — К утру я становлюсь собственным судьей, а это уж совсем невыносимо.
2) собирать своих поклонников; устраивать приём для своих почитателей; приветствовать при встрече своих почитателей и поклонников [первонач. тк. устраивать приём при дворе]And, over there, Marjorie Ferrar seemed to hold a little court. (J. Galsworthy, ‘The Silver Spoon’, part III, ch. IX) — А Марджори Феррар стояла там в окружении поклонников, как королева среди придворных.
Not all the glances were admiring though: some I noticed held curiosity, pity, a vague amusement. Bernhardt, although she held court like a queen, was as conscious of that as anybody. (K. S. Prichard. ‘Child of the Hurricane’, ch. XXII) — Однако не все взгляды были восхищенными, в некоторых, как я заметила, сквозило любопытство, жалость и даже насмешка. И хотя Сара Бернар держалась как королева среди придворных, она чувствовала это острее, чем кто-либо.
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45 Carlota Joaquina, Queen
(1775-1830)Daughter of King Carlos IV of Spain, born in Aranjuez, Spain, and married at the tender age of 10 to João, son and heir of Queen Maria I. When Dom José, the eldest son of Queen Maria I died in 1788, Carlota Joaquina, who had become an unpopular Spaniard living in alien Portugal, was named princess-heiress. Always in conflict with her well-meaning but indecisive husband, João, Carlota became the leader of an extreme reactionary court party and was frequently in conflict with her more malleable husband. When the royal family fled to Brazil in 1808 to escape the French army of invasion, she accompanied them and remained in Brazil until she returned to Portugal with her husband in 1821.From that time on, Carlota Joaquina was never far from the center of political conflicts and controversy, as the Portuguese political system was caught in the grip of a violent struggle between the forces of constitutionalism and absolutism. After returning from Brazil, she refused to swear allegiance to the new constitution presented to her husband, King João VI, and was placed under house arrest. She was a power behind the throne of her son, Miguel, as he proclaimed himself an absolutist king, threw out the constitution, and prepared to rule the country in 1828. Before the civil war called " The War of the Brothers" (Miguel vs. Pedro, both her sons) was concluded with Pedro's military victory in 1834, Carlota Joaquina died and thus did not have to witness Miguel's defeat and permanent exile. -
46 Maria I, queen
(1734-1816)Daughter of King José I (r. 175077), she married her uncle Pedro III, her father's brother. Upon becoming queen in 1777, with the death of her father, Maria I dismissed the Marquis of Pombal, the king's prime minister. Known in Portuguese history by the nickname of "The Pious," Maria was extremely religious and, during her brief reign, attempted to reverse the dictator Pombal's statist, anticlerical policies, but to little avail. Her life and reign were transformed by family tragedies and by personal reactions to the news of the cataclysmic events in France. Maria's mental weakness was exacerbated progressively by the death of her consort Pedro (1786) and her eldest son João (1788) and gravely affected by news of the French Revolution and its excesses (1789-92). In 1792, she went insane and ceased to reign; her son João took her place and, in 1799, became prince regent. When, in 1807, the royal family fled with a British fleet to Brazil as France occupied Portugal, mad Maria, restrained, it was said, in an iron cage, was taken along. In 1816, while the royal court remained in Brazil, she died in Rio de Janeiro.See also João VI, king -
47 High Court of Justice
subst.( i England og Wales) overrett (lavere avdeling av Supreme Court, består av Queen's Bench Division, Chancery Division og Family Division.), lagmannsrett i sivile saker -
48 Commercial Court
юр., торг., брит. Коммерческий суд (составная часть Отделения королевской скамьи Высокого суда Великобритании; функционирует самостоятельно; занимается разрешением споров торгового характера)See:* * * -
49 суд королевской скамьи
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > суд королевской скамьи
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50 crown
1. noun1) (a circular, often jewelled, head-dress, especially one worn as a mark of royalty or honour: the queen's crown.) corona2) ((with capital) the king or queen or governing power in a monarchy: revenue belonging to the Crown.) corona3) (the top eg of a head, hat, hill etc: We reached the crown of the hill.) coronilla (cabeza); cima, cumbre4) ((an artificial replacement for) the part of a tooth which can be seen.) corona, funda
2. verb1) (to make (someone) king or queen by placing a crown on his or her head: The archbishop crowned the queen.) coronar2) (to form the top part of (something): an iced cake crowned with a cherry.) coronar; rematar3) (to put an artificial crown on (a tooth).) poner una corona4) (to hit (someone) on the head: If you do that again, I'll crown you!) golpear en la cabeza, dar un coscorrón•- crown princess
crown n coronatr[kraʊn]1 (of king, queen) corona4 SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL (coin) corona1 (monarch) coronar2 (form top of, be on the top of) coronar, rematar3 (complete, conclude) coronar4 (tooth) poner una corona en5 familiar (hit on head) dar un golpe en la cabeza a, dar un coscorrón a1 la corona\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto crown it all y para colmocrown court tribunal nombre masculino superiorcrown jewels joyas nombre femenino plural de la coronacrown prince príncipe nombre masculino herederocrown princess princesa herederacrowned head testa coronadacrown ['kraʊn] vt: coronarcrown n: corona fn.• cima s.f.• corona s.f.• coronamiento s.m.• coronilla s.f.• diadema s.f.v.• coronar v.• premiar v.• rematar v.• terminar v.
I kraʊn1)a) c ( of monarch) corona fb) (Govt, Law)2) c ( top - of hill) cima f; (- of tree) copa f; (- of tooth) corona f; (- of head) coronilla f; (- of hat) copa f; (- of road) centro m3) c ( Fin) corona f
II
1) ( make monarch) coronar2)a) ( surmount) coronar, rematarb) ( be culmination of) coronarto crown it all, I lost my wallet — y para rematarla, perdí la billetera
3) ( Dent) \<\<tooth\>\> poner* una corona en4) ( hit) (colloq) darle* un coscorrón a (fam)[kraʊn]1. N1) (=headdress, monarchy) corona f2) (Jur)3) (Sport) (=championship title) campeonato m, título m4) (=top) [of hat] copa f ; [of head] coronilla f ; [of hill] cumbre f, cima f ; [of tooth] corona f2. VT1) [+ king etc] coronar2) (usu pass) (=cap, round off) coronar, rematarand to crown it all it began to snow — y para colmo (de desgracias) or para remate empezó a nevar
I wouldn't exactly say our efforts were crowned with success — iro yo no me atrevería a decir que nuestros esfuerzos se vieron coronados por el éxito
3) [+ tooth] poner una corona en4) (Draughts) [+ piece] coronar5) * (=hit) golpear en la cabezaI'll crown you if you do that again! — ¡como lo vuelves a hacer te rompo la crisma! *
3.CPDcrown colony N — (Brit) colonia f
crown court N — (Brit) (Jur) ≈ Audiencia f provincial
crown jewels NPL — joyas fpl de la corona
crown lands NPL — propiedad f de la corona
crown prince N — príncipe m heredero
crown princess N — princesa f heredera
Crown Prosecution Service N — (Brit) fiscalía general británica
crown prosecutor N — (Brit) fiscal general británico
* * *
I [kraʊn]1)a) c ( of monarch) corona fb) (Govt, Law)2) c ( top - of hill) cima f; (- of tree) copa f; (- of tooth) corona f; (- of head) coronilla f; (- of hat) copa f; (- of road) centro m3) c ( Fin) corona f
II
1) ( make monarch) coronar2)a) ( surmount) coronar, rematarb) ( be culmination of) coronarto crown it all, I lost my wallet — y para rematarla, perdí la billetera
3) ( Dent) \<\<tooth\>\> poner* una corona en4) ( hit) (colloq) darle* un coscorrón a (fam) -
51 evidence
ˈevɪdəns
1. сущ.
1) ясность, наглядность, очевидность Evidence cannot be hidden. ≈ Очевидность нельзя спрятать. in evidence Syn: clearness, evidentness
2) основание;
знак, признак, симптом;
факты, данные on this evidence ≈ в свете этого, на основании этого from all evidence ≈ на основании всех фактов scrap, shred of evidence ≈ минимальные признаки body of evidence ≈ корпус данных bulk of evidence ≈ основные факты Syn: indication, sign
1., token
1., trace
1.
3) доказательство, подтверждение;
свидетельство The plain evidence of facts is superior to all declarations. ≈ Простое доказательство фактов выше всяких заявлений. Syn: testimony, proof
1.
4) юр. улика;
свидетельское показание in evidence ≈ принятый в качестве доказательства evidence against ≈ свидетельство против to call in evidence ≈ вызывать в суд для дачи показаний to gather evidence, to piece together evidence ≈ собирать улики to suppress evidence, withhold evidence ≈ утаивать улики to bear evidence, furnish evidence, give evidence, introduce evidence, produce evidence, provide evidence ≈ свидетельствовать, давать свидетельские показания circumstantial evidence ≈ косвенные доказательства или улики piece of evidence ≈ улика admissible evidence ample evidence cogent evidence compelling evidence convincing evidence conclusive evidence concrete evidence cumulative evidence direct evidence documentary evidence hard evidence hearsay evidence inadmissible evidence indisputable evidence irrefutable evidence undeniable evidence unquestionable evidence - material evidence prima facie evidence reliable evidence trustworthy evidence satisfactory evidence strong evidence substantial evidence telltale evidence Syn: testimony
2. гл.
1) служить доказательством;
показывать, демонстрировать His behaviour abundantly evidences it. ≈ Его поведение явно свидетельствует об этом. Syn: demonstrate, prove
2) удостоверять, свидетельствовать;
подтверждать I invoke Heaven and men to evidence my truth. ≈ Я призываю Бога и людей засвидетельствовать, что я говорю правду. Syn: attest
3) юр. давать показания, выступать свидетелем основание;
данные, факт(ы), признак(и) ;
свидетельства - archaeological * археологические свидетельства /находки/ - climatological * климатологические данные - historical * исторические факты /свидетельства/ - there is little * that... мало оснований думать, что...;
не заметно, чтобы..., нет никаких признаков того, чтобы... - there is some * of recovery есть некоторые признаки улучшения - speculation from * предположения на основании имеющихся фактов - * in favour of a theory данные, говорящие в пользу теории - despite * to the contrary несмотря на факты, свидетельствующие об обратном доказательство, свидетельство - to bear /to give/ * of свидетельствовать о, подтверждать, показывать - let's have an * of good faith нам нужны доказательства (вашей) добросовестности - to adduce * in support of... приводить доказательства в поддержку... очевидность, явность - in * наличный, присутствующий;
заметный - to be in * иметь место;
присутствовать - he was not in * его нигде не было видно - to be very much in * иметь распространение, быть обычным явлением;
быть постоянно на виду;
быть заметным;
мозолить глаза (юридическое) доказательство;
улика - circumstantial /indirect/ * косвенные улики;
косвенное доказательство - collateral * косвенная улика - conclusive * неоспоримое доказательство - documentary * письменное доказательство - oral and written * устные и письменные доказательства - cumulative * совокупность улик - in * принятый в качестве доказательства - law of * доказательственное право показание свидетеля или обвиняемого - parole * устное показание - hearsay * показания с чужих слов - to call in * вызывать в качестве свидетеля - to give * давать( свидетельское) показание - to take the * of smb. допрашивать кого-л. и протоколировать /фиксировать/ его показания свидетель - King's /Queen's, амер. State's/ * сообвиняемый, изобличающий своих сообщников (с целью самому избежать наказания) ;
показание такого сообвиняемого - to turn King's /Queen's, State's/ * изобличать своих сообщников (с целью самому избежать наказания) (юридическое) документ, которым подтверждается какое-л. право свидетельствовать, показывать - to * one's appreciation выказать удовлетворение, засвидетельствовать свое одобрение - expressions evidencing an intention выражения, свидетельствующие о каком-л. намерении - his pleasure was *d by his smile улыбка показала, что он доволен - their impatience was *d in loud interruptions их раздражение проявлялось в громких репликах служить доказательством, подтверждать - documents evidencing shipment документы, подтверждающие отгрузку ( юридическое) давать показания - her friend *d against her ее подруга показала против нее( юридическое) доказывать;
служить доказательством additional ~ новые свидетельские показания audit ~ материалы ревизии bear ~ давать показания ~ юр. улика;
свидетельское показание;
piece of evidence улика;
cumulative evidence совокупность улик;
to call in evidence вызывать (в суд) для дачи показаний contrary ~ противоположное свидетельство ~ юр. улика;
свидетельское показание;
piece of evidence улика;
cumulative evidence совокупность улик;
to call in evidence вызывать (в суд) для дачи показаний cumulative ~ совокупность доказательств demonstrative ~ вещественное доказательство direct ~ прямая улика direct ~ прямое свидетельское показание documentary ~ документальное доказательство evidence давать показания ~ данные ~ доказательство ~ основание;
данные, признаки;
to give (или to bear) evidence свидетельствовать ~ основание ~ очевидность;
in evidence заметный, бросающийся в глаза ~ подтверждать ~ показание обвиняемого ~ показание свидетеля ~ свидетель ~ свидетельство ~ свидетельствовать ~ служить доказательством, подтверждать ~ служить доказательством, доказывать ~ служить доказательством ~ средство доказывания, доказательство ~ юр. улика;
свидетельское показание;
piece of evidence улика;
cumulative evidence совокупность улик;
to call in evidence вызывать (в суд) для дачи показаний ~ улика, свидетельсткое показание ~ улика ~ факты to turn King's (или Queen's амер. State's) ~ выдать сообщников и стать свидетелем обвинения ~ by party свидетельство одной из сторон ~ in court свидетель в суде ~ of easement свидетельство о сервитуте external ~ доказательство, лежащее вне документа on this ~ в свете этого;
from all evidence, there is ample evidence that все говорит за то, что ~ основание;
данные, признаки;
to give (или to bear) evidence свидетельствовать give ~ давать свидетельские показания give ~ доказывать give ~ представлять доказательства give ~ свидетельствовать give ~ служить доказательством give untruthful ~ давать ложные показания hear ~ юр. заслушивать свидетельские показания hearsay ~ юр. доказательства, основанные на слухах hearsay ~ юр. показания с чужих слов hearsay: ~ attr. основанный на слухах;
hearsay evidence юр. доказательства, основанные на слухах ~ очевидность;
in evidence заметный, бросающийся в глаза in ~ принятый в качестве доказательства indirect ~ косвенная улика judicial ~ судебная улика legal ~ доказательства, принимаемые судом material ~ вещественное доказательство objective ~ объективное доказательство on this ~ в свете этого;
from all evidence, there is ample evidence that все говорит за то, что opinion ~ предполагаемое доказательство oral ~ устные свидетельские показания panel ~ показания экспертов parol ~ устные свидетельские показания paternity ~ доказательство отцовства physical ~ вещественное доказательство ~ юр. улика;
свидетельское показание;
piece of evidence улика;
cumulative evidence совокупность улик;
to call in evidence вызывать (в суд) для дачи показаний piece: ~ of evidence улика presumptive ~ косвенное доказательство presumptive ~ опровержимое доказательство presumptive ~ показания, основанные на догадках presumptive ~ факты, создающие презумпцию доказательства presumptive: presumptive предполагаемый;
предположительный;
presumptive evidence показания, основанные на догадках prima facie ~ доказательство, достаточное при отсутствии опровержения prima facie ~ презумпция доказательства;
доказательство, достаточное при отсутствии опровержения prima facie ~ презумпция доказательства primary ~ наилучшее доказательство primary ~ первичное доказательство primary ~ подлинное доказательство probable ~ косвенное доказательство probable ~ опровержимое доказательство probable ~ факты, создающие презумпцию доказательства produce ~ предъявлять доказательства produce ~ предъявлять улики Queen's ~ обвиняемый, изобличающий своих сообщников real ~ вещественные доказательства rebutting ~ контрдоказательство rebutting ~ опровергающее доказательство rebutting ~ опровергающие доказательства, контрдоказательства second-hand ~ неподлинное доказательство second-hand ~ производное доказательство secondary ~ неполное доказательство secondary ~ производное доказательство supporting ~ подтверждающая улика take ~ выслушивать свидетельские показания take ~ допрашивать и протоколировать показания take ~ принимать доказательства take ~ снимать свидетельские показания on this ~ в свете этого;
from all evidence, there is ample evidence that все говорит за то, что to turn King's (или Queen's амер. State's) ~ выдать сообщников и стать свидетелем обвинения uncorroborated ~ неподтвержденное свидетельство unimpeachable ~ бесспорное доказательствоБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > evidence
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52 give
1. transitive verb,1) (hand over, pass) geben; (transfer from one's authority, custody, or responsibility) überbringen; übergeben (to an + Akk.)she gave him her bag to carry — sie gab ihm ihre Tasche zum Tragen
Give it to me! I'll do it — Gib her! Ich mache das
give somebody something, give something to somebody — jemandem etwas schenken
the book was given [to] me by my son — das Buch hat mir mein Sohn geschenkt
I wouldn't have it if it was given [to] me — ich würde es nicht mal geschenkt nehmen; abs.
give [a donation] to charity — für wohltätige Zwecke spenden
give and take — (fig.) Kompromisse eingehen; (in marriage etc.) geben und nehmen
give somebody something [in exchange] for something — jemandem etwas für etwas [im Tausch] geben
I would give anything or my right arm/a lot to be there — ich würde alles/viel darum geben, wenn ich dort sein könnte
4) (assign) aufgeben [Hausaufgaben, Strafarbeit usw.]; (sentence to) geben [10 Jahre Gefängnis usw.]5) (grant, award) geben [Erlaubnis, Arbeitsplatz, Interview, Rabatt, Fähigkeit, Kraft]; verleihen [Preis, Titel, Orden usw.]he was given the privilege/honour of doing it — ihm wurde das Vorrecht/die Ehre zuteil, es zu tun
give somebody to understand or believe that... — jemanden glauben lassen, dass...
6) (entrust somebody with) übertragen (to Dat.)give somebody the power to do something — jemanden ermächtigen, etwas zu tun
7) (allow somebody to have) geben [Recht, Zeit, Arbeit]; überlassen [seinen Sitzplatz]; lassen [Wahl, Zeit]they gave me [the use of] their car for the weekend — sie überließen mir ihr Auto übers Wochenende
I will give you a day to think it over — ich lasse dir einen Tag Bedenkzeit
give yourself time to think about it — lass dir Zeit, und denk darüber nach
give me London any day or time or every time — (fig. coll.) London ist mir zehnmal lieber
I['ll] give you/him etc. that — (fig. coll.): (grant) das gebe ich zu; zugegeben
you've got to give it to him — (fig. coll.) das muss man ihm lassen
it cost £5, give or take a few pence — es hat so um die fünf Pfund gekostet (ugs.)
given that — (because) da; (if) wenn
given the right tools — mit dem richtigen Werkzeug
given time, I'll do it — wenn ich Zeit habe, mache ich es
8) (offer to somebody) geben, reichen [Arm, Hand usw.]9) (cause somebody/something to have) geben; verleihen [Charme, Reiz, Gewicht, Nachdruck]; bereiten, machen [Freude, Mühe, Kummer]; bereiten, verursachen [Schmerz]; bieten [Abwechslung, Schutz]; leisten [Hilfe]; gewähren [Unterstützung]I was given the guest room — man gab mir das Gästezimmer
give a clear picture — (Telev.) ein gutes Bild haben
give somebody what for — (sl.) es jemandem geben (ugs.)
10) (convey in words, tell, communicate) angeben [Namen, Anschrift, Alter, Grund, Zahl]; nennen [Grund, Einzelheiten, Losungswort]; geben [Rat, Beispiel, Befehl, Anweisung, Antwort]; fällen [Urteil, Entscheidung]; sagen [Meinung]; bekannt geben [Nachricht, Ergebnis]; machen [Andeutung]; erteilen [Verweis, Rüge]; (present, set forth) [Wörterbuch, Brief:] enthalten; [Zeitung:] bringen [Bericht]give details of something — Einzelheiten einer Sache (Gen.) darlegen
give somebody the facts — jemanden mit den Fakten vertraut od. bekannt machen
don't give me that! — (coll.) erzähl mir [doch] nichts! (ugs.)
12) (perform, read, sing, etc.) geben [Vorstellung, Konzert]; halten [Vortrag, Seminar]; vorlesen [Gedicht, Erzählung]; singen [Lied]; spielen [Schauspiel, Oper, Musikstück]give us a song — sing mal was
13) ausbringen [Toast, Trinkspruch]; (as toast)ladies and gentlemen, I give you the Queen — meine Damen, meine Herren, auf die Königin od. das Wohl der Königin
14) (produce) geben [Licht, Milch]; tragen [Früchte]; ergeben [Zahlen, Resultat]; erbringen [Ernte]16) (make somebody undergo) geben; versetzen [Schlag, Stoß]; verabreichen (geh.), geben [Arznei]give somebody a [friendly] look — jemandem einen [freundlichen] Blick zuwerfen
he gave her hand a squeeze — er drückte ihr die Hand
give as good as one gets — (coll.) es jemandem mit gleicher Münze heimzahlen
17) (execute, make, show) geben [Zeichen, Stoß, Tritt]; machen [Satz, Ruck]; ausstoßen [Schrei, Seufzer, Pfiff]give a [little] smile — [schwach] lächeln
give something/somebody a look — sich (Dat.) etwas/jemanden ansehen
be given to something/doing something — zu etwas neigen/etwas gern tun
give all one's got — (coll.) sein möglichstes tun
19) (be host at) geben [Party, Empfang, Essen usw.]20)2. intransitive verb,give somebody/something two months/a year — jemandem/einer Sache zwei Monate/ein Jahr geben
gave, given1) (yield, bend) nachgeben (auch fig.); [Knie:] weich werden; [Bett:] federn; (break down) zusammenbrechen; [Brücke:] einstürzen; (fig.) nachlassen2) (lead)3. noungive on to the street/garden — [Tür usw.:] auf die Straße hinausführen/in den Garten führen
1) Nachgiebigkeit, die; (elasticity) Elastizität, diehave [no] give — [nicht] nachgeben
2)give and take — (compromise) Kompromiss, der; (exchange of concessions) Geben und Nehmen, das
Phrasal Verbs:- academic.ru/31217/give_away">give away- give back- give in- give off- give out- give over- give up- give way* * *(to dismiss (someone) or to be dismissed (usually from a job): He got the boot for always being late.) rausgeschmissen werden* * *[gɪv]<gave, given>1. (in collocations) see birth 1, blood I. 1, call I. 1, chase I. 1, evidence I. 2, kiss2 I. 1, look I. 1, smile I.2. (hand over)to \give sb a cold jdn mit seiner Erkältung ansteckento \give a woman in marriage to sb eine Frau an jdn verheiratenshe gave him two sons sie schenkte ihm zwei Söhne3. (administer)to \give sb a sedative jdm ein Beruhigungsmittel geben4. (as present)this book was given to me by my best friend dieses Buch hat mir meine beste Freundin geschenktplease \give generously wir bitten um großzügige Spendento \give sb a present jdm etwas schenkento \give sb sth as a present jdm etw schenken5. (offer)▪ to \give sb sth jdm etw gebento \give sb food jdm zu essen gebento \give sb one's seat jdm seinen Platz anbietento \give sb something to eat/drink jdm etwas zu essen/trinken anbietenthey gave us pork for dinner zum Abendessen servierten sie Schweinefleisch6. (entrust)to \give one's baby/sth into sb's care jdm sein Baby/etw anvertrauento \give sb the power to do sth jdn dazu bevollmächtigen, etw zu tun7. (sacrifice)I'd \give anything [or the world] [or my right arm] to be... ich würde alles dafür geben [o tun],... zu sein8. (sell, pay)to \give sb sth for £20 jdm etw für 20 Pfund verkaufento \give sb £20 for sth jdm für etw akk 20 Pfund zahlenhow much did you \give for that? wie viel hast du dafür gezahlt?I'll \give you the camera for £100 für 100 Pfund gehört die Kamera dir!9. (cause)▪ to \give sb sth etw bei jdm hervorrufensth \gives sb a headache jd bekommt von etw dat Kopfschmerzen; ( fig) etw bereitet jdm Kopfschmerzento \give sb/sth a bad name jdn/etw in Verruf bringento \give sb to understand that... jdm zu verstehen geben, dass...the fresh air has \given us an appetite die frische Luft hat uns Appetit gemachtthat will \give you something to think about! darüber kannst du ja mal nachdenken!what gave you that idea? wie kommst du denn auf die Idee?; see also joy 1, pleasure 1, pain I. 1, 2, trouble I. 410. (grant)▪ to \give sb sth jdm etw gebento \give sb his/her due jdm Ehre erweisen\give the devil his due Ehre, wem Ehre gebührtto \give sb encouragement jdn ermutigento \give sb permission [to do sth] jdm die Erlaubnis erteilen[, etw zu tun]11. (impart)to \give one's age/name sein Alter/seinen Namen angebento \give a decision court ein Urteil fällento \give sb the news of sth jdm etw mitteilencan you \give me any details? können Sie mir irgendwelche Einzelheiten nennen?she wouldn't \give me her opinion sie wollte mir nicht sagen, was sie denkthe couldn't \give me a reason why... er konnte mir auch nicht sagen, warum...\give him my thanks richten Sie ihm meinen Dank aus\give her my regards [or my best wishes] grüß' sie schön von mir!; see also advice 1, answer I. 1, information I. 1, notice II. 4, warning 212. (assign)to be given full sentence/life imprisonment die Höchststrafe/lebenslang bekommenthe teacher gave us no exercises today der Lehrer hat uns heute nichts aufgegeben\give me the police/sales department/Mr Smith verbinden Sie mich bitte mit der Polizei/der Verkaufsabteilung/Mr. Smith14. (allow)just \give me two more days geben Sie mir noch zwei Tage extraI'll \give you a day to think it over ich lasse dir einen Tag Bedenkzeit\give yourself time to get over it lass' dir Zeit, um darüber hinwegzukommen\give or take mehr oder wenigerhe came at six o'clock, \give or take a few minutes er kam so gegen sechs15. (predict)to \give sb/sth three months/five years marriage, relationship jdm/etw drei Monate/fünf Jahre geben16. (present)to \give a concert ein Konzert gebento \give a speech/lecture eine Rede/einen Vortrag halten\give us a song, John sing uns was vor John!17. (host)to \give a party/reception eine Party/einen Empfang gebento \give a bark bellento \give a cry/groan aufschreien/-stöhnen19. (like best)20. (value)21. (devote)I'll \give you what for, young lady, coming home at 2 o'clock in the morning! ich geb' dir gleich was, junge Dame — um zwei Uhr morgens nach Hause zu kommen!23. (produce)▪ to \give sth result, number etw ergebento \give milk/light Milch/Licht gebento \give warmth Wärme spenden24. (do)to \give sb's hand a squeeze jdm die Hand drückento \give sb a [dirty/friendly] look jdm einen vernichtenden/freundlichen Blick zuwerfento \give a shrug mit den Schultern [o Achseln] zucken25. (admit/grant)she's quite brave, I'll \give you that das gestehe ich dir zu — Mut hat sieI'll \give you that das muss man dir lassen27. (toast)to \give a toast to sb auf jdn einen Tost ausbringenI \give you the president auf den Präsidenten!; (as speaker) das Wort hat der Präsident28.▶ \give me a break! jetzt mach aber mal halblang! fam; (stop) jetzt hör' aber auf! fam; (don't believe) das glaubst du doch selbst nicht! fam<gave, -n>1. (donate)to \give of one's best sein Bestes gebento \give of one's money/time sein Geld/seine Zeit opfernto \give generously großzügig spendento \give and take [gegenseitige] Kompromisse machenyou can't work so hard all the time, something's bound to \give du kannst nicht die ganze Zeit so hart arbeiten, sonst wird das irgendwann mal ganz böse ausgehen! sl4. (be at an end)what \gives? was gibt's Neues?what \gives here? was ist hier so los? fam6. (tell)\give! erzähl' schon! fam7.▶ it is better [or more blessed] to \give than to receive ( prov) Geben ist seliger denn Nehmen prov▶ to \give as good as one gets Gleiches mit Gleichem vergeltenIII. NOUNto [not] have much \give [nicht] sehr nachgeben; (elastic) [nicht] sehr elastisch sein* * *[gɪv] vb: pret gave, ptp given1. TRANSITIVE VERBWhen give is part of a set combination, eg. give evidence, give chase, look up the other word.1) gebenwe were given three exercises she was given a sedative — wir haben drei Übungen bekommen or (as homework) aufbekommen man hat ihr or ihr wurde ein Beruhigungsmittel gegeben
I'd give a lot/the world/anything to know... —
what wouldn't I give to be like you — was würde ich nicht darum geben, so wie du zu sein
he gave everything he had (fig) — er holte das Letzte aus sich heraus
11 o'clock, give or take a few minutes — so gegen 11 Uhr
six foot, give or take a few inches — ungefähr sechs Fuß
2) as present schenken; (= donate) spenden, gebenit was given to me by my uncle, I was given it by my uncle — ich habe es von meinem Onkel bekommen or geschenkt bekommen
he gave me a book as a present — er schenkte mir ein Buch, er machte mir ein Buch zum Geschenk
he gave the impression he didn't care — er machte den Eindruck, als ob es ihm egal wäre
to give sb support —
(God) give me strength to do it — Gott gebe mir die Kraft, es zu tun!
give me strength/patience! — großer Gott! (inf)
to give sb a look/smile — jdn ansehen/anlächeln
to give sb a blow — jdn schlagen, jdm einen Schlag versetzen
to give sb a push/kick — jdm einen Stoß/Tritt geben, jdn stoßen/treten
to give one's hair a brush/wash — sich (dat) die Haare bürsten/waschen
this incident gave him the basic plot of the story — durch dieses Ereignis bekam er die Grundidee für die Handlung der Geschichte
who gave you that idea? — wer hat dich denn auf die Idee gebracht?
that will give you something to think about — da hast du etwas, worüber du nachdenken kannst
I'll give you something to cry about — ich werde schon zusehen, dass du weißt, warum du weinst
give me Shakespeare/Spain (every time)! (inf) —
give me Renoir and Rembrandt, not these surrealist artists — mir sind Renoir und Rembrandt viel lieber als diese Surrealisten
radio has almost given way to television — das Radio ist vom Fernsehen fast verdrängt worden on road
I was expecting him to give way — ich nahm an, er würde mir die Vorfahrt lassen
"give way" — "Vorfahrt (gewähren)"
to give sb pain — jdm wehtun (also fig), jdm Schmerzen bereiten
it gives me great pleasure to... — es ist mir eine große Freude...
to give sb a shock — jdm einen Schock versetzen __diams; to give sb to understand that...
I was given to understand/believe that... — mir wurde zu verstehen gegeben, dass...
5) = punish with erteilenhe gave the child a smack — er gab dem Kind einen Klaps
to give sb five years — jdn zu fünf Jahren verurteilen, jdm fünf Jahre aufbrummen
he was given a thrashing/five years — er hat eine Tracht Prügel/fünf Jahre bekommen
6)= utter
to give a cry/groan/laugh/sigh — aufschreien/-stöhnen/-lachen/-seufzen8) = allow time gebenthey gave me a week to do it — sie gaben or ließen mir eine Woche Zeit, um es zu machen
give yourself time to recover — lassen Sie sich Zeit, um sich zu erholen
it's an improvement, I'll give you that — es ist eine Verbesserung, das gestehe ich (dir) ein
he's a good worker, I'll give him that — eines muss man ihm lassen, er arbeitet gut
9) = report, tell information, details, description, answer, advice geben; one's name, particulars angeben; suggestion machen; (= let sb know by letter, phone etc) decision, opinion, results mitteilenhe wouldn't give me his decision/opinion — er wollte mir seine Entscheidung/Meinung nicht sagen
they interrupted the film to give the football results — sie unterbrachen den Film, um die Fußballergebnisse zu bringen
give him my regards — bestellen Sie ihm (schöne) Grüße, richten Sie ihm (schöne) Grüße von mir aus
to give no/the right answer — nicht/richtig antworten
his letter gave us the latest news —
he forgot to give us the date — er hat vergessen, uns das Datum anzugeben or (verbally also) zu sagen or (by letter, phone etc also) mitzuteilen
10) = hold, perform party, dinner, play geben; speech halten; song singen; toast ausbringen (to sb auf jdn)give us a song —
I give you Mary (as toast) (as speaker) — auf Mary!, auf Marys Wohl! ich gebe Mary das Wort
11)= do
the child gave a little jump of excitement — das Kind machte vor Aufregung einen kleinen Luftsprung12) = devote widmen (to +dat)he has given himself entirely to medicine —
he gave himself/his life to God — er weihte sich/sein Leben Gott
2. INTRANSITIVE VERB1) = give way lit, fig = collapse, yield nachgeben; (strength, health, nerve, voice) versagen; (= break, rope, cable) reißen; (cold weather) nachlassenwhen you're under as much strain as that, something is bound to give (inf) — wenn man unter so viel Druck steht, muss es ja irgendwo aushaken (inf)
3) = give money etc geben, spendenyou have to be prepared to give and take (fig) — man muss zu Kompromissen bereit sein, man muss auch mal zurückstecken können
4)5)= tell US inf
OK, now give! — also, raus mit der Sprache! (inf)3. NOUNNachgiebigkeit f, Elastizität f; (of floor, bed, chair) Federung f4. PHRASAL VERBS* * *give [ɡıv]A sthere is too much give in the rope das Seil ist zu locker (gespannt)2. figa) Elastizität f, Flexibilität fb) Nachgiebigkeit f:there is no give in him er gibt nie nachB v/t prät gave [ɡeıv], pperf given [ˈɡıvn]1. a) geben:give sb the name of William jemandem den Namen William geben;give or take plus/minus;he has given me his cold er hat mich mit seiner Erkältung angestecktb) schenken:c) Blut etc spenden2. geben, reichen:give sb one’s hand jemandem die Hand geben3. einen Brief etc (über)geben4. (als Gegenwert) geben, (be)zahlen:how much did you give for that coat?;5. eine Auskunft, einen Rat etc geben, erteilen:6. sein Wort geben7. widmen:give one’s attention (energies) to sth einer Sache seine Aufmerksamkeit (Kraft) widmenfor für)9. ein Recht, einen Titel, ein Amt etc verleihen, geben, übertragen:give sb a part in a play jemandem eine Rolle in einem Stück geben10. geben, gewähren, zugestehen:give sb a favo(u)r jemandem eine Gunst gewähren;just give me 24 hours geben Sie mir (nur) 24 Stunden (Zeit);give sb until …b) jemandem bis … Bedenkzeit geben;I give you that point in diesem Punkt gebe ich Ihnen recht;give me the good old times! da lobe ich mir die gute alte Zeit!;give me Mozart any time Mozart geht mir über alles;it was not given to him to do it es war ihm nicht gegeben oder vergönnt, es zu tun11. einen Befehl, Auftrag etc geben, erteilen13. einen Preis zuerkennen, zusprechen14. eine Arznei (ein)geben, verabreichen15. jemandem ein Zimmer etc geben, zuteilen, zuweisen16. Grüße etc übermitteln:give him my love bestelle ihm herzliche Grüße von mir17. übergeben, einliefern:give sb into custody jemanden der Polizei übergeben, jemanden verhaften lassen18. jemandem einen Schlag etc geben, versetzen19. jemandem einen Blick zuwerfenb) eine Erklärung etc abgebenc) eine Rede etc halten21. (an)geben, mitteilen, seine Telefonnummer etc angeben:give a reason einen Grund angeben;don’t give me that! das glaubst du doch selbst nicht!;22. ein Lied etc zum Besten geben, vortragen23. ein Konzert etc geben, veranstalten:give a dinner ein Essen geben;give a play ein (Theater)Stück geben oder aufführen24. bereiten, verursachen:give pain Schmerzen bereiten, wehtun;25. (er)geben:give no result ohne Ergebnis bleiben26. geben, hervorbringen:cows give milk Kühe geben Milch;the lamp gives a good light die Lampe gibt gutes Licht27. einen Trinkspruch ausbringen auf (akk):I give you the ladies ich trinke auf das Wohl der Damen28. geben, zuschreiben:I give him 50 years ich schätze ihn auf 50 Jahre29. jemandem zu tun, zu trinken etc geben:I was given to understand that … man gab mir zu verstehen, dass …30. (in Redewendungen meist) geben:give it to him! umg gibs ihm!;give sb what for umg es jemandem geben oder besorgen; (siehe die Verbindungen mit den entsprechenden Substantiven)C v/i1. geben, spenden (to dat):give and take geben und nehmen, einander entgegenkommen, kompromissbereit sein2. nachgeben (auch Preise):the foundations are giving das Fundament senkt sich;the chair gives comfortably der Stuhl federt angenehm;his knees gave under him seine Knie versagten3. what gives? sl was gibts?;what gives with him? sl was ist los mit ihm?4. nachlassen, schwächer werden5. versagen (Nerven etc)6. a) nachgeben, (Boden etc) federnb) sich dehnen (Kleidungsstück)7. sich anpassen (to dat oder an akk)b) gehen (on[to] nach) (Fenster etc)9. US umga) sprechen:come on, give! los, raus mit der Sprache!b) aus sich herausgehen* * *1. transitive verb,1) (hand over, pass) geben; (transfer from one's authority, custody, or responsibility) überbringen; übergeben (to an + Akk.)give me... — (on telephone) geben Sie mir...; verbinden Sie mich mit...
give somebody something, give something to somebody — jemandem etwas schenken
the book was given [to] me by my son — das Buch hat mir mein Sohn geschenkt
I wouldn't have it if it was given [to] me — ich würde es nicht mal geschenkt nehmen; abs.
give [a donation] to charity — für wohltätige Zwecke spenden
give and take — (fig.) Kompromisse eingehen; (in marriage etc.) geben und nehmen
give somebody something [in exchange] for something — jemandem etwas für etwas [im Tausch] geben
I would give anything or my right arm/a lot to be there — ich würde alles/viel darum geben, wenn ich dort sein könnte
4) (assign) aufgeben [Hausaufgaben, Strafarbeit usw.]; (sentence to) geben [10 Jahre Gefängnis usw.]5) (grant, award) geben [Erlaubnis, Arbeitsplatz, Interview, Rabatt, Fähigkeit, Kraft]; verleihen [Preis, Titel, Orden usw.]he was given the privilege/honour of doing it — ihm wurde das Vorrecht/die Ehre zuteil, es zu tun
give somebody to understand or believe that... — jemanden glauben lassen, dass...
6) (entrust somebody with) übertragen (to Dat.)give somebody the power to do something — jemanden ermächtigen, etwas zu tun
7) (allow somebody to have) geben [Recht, Zeit, Arbeit]; überlassen [seinen Sitzplatz]; lassen [Wahl, Zeit]they gave me [the use of] their car for the weekend — sie überließen mir ihr Auto übers Wochenende
give yourself time to think about it — lass dir Zeit, und denk darüber nach
give me London any day or time or every time — (fig. coll.) London ist mir zehnmal lieber
I['ll] give you/him etc. that — (fig. coll.): (grant) das gebe ich zu; zugegeben
you've got to give it to him — (fig. coll.) das muss man ihm lassen
it cost £5, give or take a few pence — es hat so um die fünf Pfund gekostet (ugs.)
given that — (because) da; (if) wenn
given time, I'll do it — wenn ich Zeit habe, mache ich es
8) (offer to somebody) geben, reichen [Arm, Hand usw.]9) (cause somebody/something to have) geben; verleihen [Charme, Reiz, Gewicht, Nachdruck]; bereiten, machen [Freude, Mühe, Kummer]; bereiten, verursachen [Schmerz]; bieten [Abwechslung, Schutz]; leisten [Hilfe]; gewähren [Unterstützung]give a clear picture — (Telev.) ein gutes Bild haben
give somebody what for — (sl.) es jemandem geben (ugs.)
10) (convey in words, tell, communicate) angeben [Namen, Anschrift, Alter, Grund, Zahl]; nennen [Grund, Einzelheiten, Losungswort]; geben [Rat, Beispiel, Befehl, Anweisung, Antwort]; fällen [Urteil, Entscheidung]; sagen [Meinung]; bekannt geben [Nachricht, Ergebnis]; machen [Andeutung]; erteilen [Verweis, Rüge]; (present, set forth) [Wörterbuch, Brief:] enthalten; [Zeitung:] bringen [Bericht]give details of something — Einzelheiten einer Sache (Gen.) darlegen
give somebody the facts — jemanden mit den Fakten vertraut od. bekannt machen
don't give me that! — (coll.) erzähl mir [doch] nichts! (ugs.)
11) given (specified) gegeben12) (perform, read, sing, etc.) geben [Vorstellung, Konzert]; halten [Vortrag, Seminar]; vorlesen [Gedicht, Erzählung]; singen [Lied]; spielen [Schauspiel, Oper, Musikstück]13) ausbringen [Toast, Trinkspruch]; (as toast)ladies and gentlemen, I give you the Queen — meine Damen, meine Herren, auf die Königin od. das Wohl der Königin
14) (produce) geben [Licht, Milch]; tragen [Früchte]; ergeben [Zahlen, Resultat]; erbringen [Ernte]15) (cause to develop) machen16) (make somebody undergo) geben; versetzen [Schlag, Stoß]; verabreichen (geh.), geben [Arznei]give somebody a [friendly] look — jemandem einen [freundlichen] Blick zuwerfen
give as good as one gets — (coll.) es jemandem mit gleicher Münze heimzahlen
17) (execute, make, show) geben [Zeichen, Stoß, Tritt]; machen [Satz, Ruck]; ausstoßen [Schrei, Seufzer, Pfiff]give a [little] smile — [schwach] lächeln
give something/somebody a look — sich (Dat.) etwas/jemanden ansehen
18) (devote, dedicate) widmenbe given to something/doing something — zu etwas neigen/etwas gern tun
give all one's got — (coll.) sein möglichstes tun
19) (be host at) geben [Party, Empfang, Essen usw.]20)2. intransitive verb,give somebody/something two months/a year — jemandem/einer Sache zwei Monate/ein Jahr geben
gave, given1) (yield, bend) nachgeben (auch fig.); [Knie:] weich werden; [Bett:] federn; (break down) zusammenbrechen; [Brücke:] einstürzen; (fig.) nachlassen2) (lead)3. noungive on to the street/garden — [Tür usw.:] auf die Straße hinausführen/in den Garten führen
1) Nachgiebigkeit, die; (elasticity) Elastizität, diehave [no] give — [nicht] nachgeben
2)give and take — (compromise) Kompromiss, der; (exchange of concessions) Geben und Nehmen, das
Phrasal Verbs:- give in- give off- give out- give up- give way* * *(a lecture, etc.) v.abhalten (Lehrstunde, Vorlesung) v. v.(§ p.,p.p.: gave, given)= bereiten v.eingeben v.geben v.(§ p.,pp.: gab, gegeben)hingeben v.verursachen v.widmen v. -
53 courtier
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54 state
1. noun1) (condition) Zustand, derstate of the economy — Wirtschaftslage, die
the state of play — (Sport) der Spielstand
the state of play in the negotiations/debate — (fig.) der [gegenwärtige] Stand der Verhandlungen/Debatte
the state of things in general — die allgemeine Lage
a state of war exists — es herrscht Kriegszustand
be in a state of excitement/sadness/anxiety — aufgeregt/traurig/ängstlich sein
2) (mess)what a state you're in! — wie siehst du denn aus!
3) (anxiety)be in a state — (be in a panic) aufgeregt sein; (be excited) ganz aus dem Häuschen sein (ugs.)
get into a state — (coll.) Zustände kriegen (ugs.)
don't get into a state! — reg dich nicht auf! (ugs.)
4) (nation) Staat, der[affairs] of State — Staats[geschäfte]
the [United] States — sing. die [Vereinigten] Staaten
6)7) (pomp) Prunk, der2. attributive adjective1) (of nation or federal state) staatlich; Staats[bank, -sicherheit, -geheimnis, -dienst]2) (ceremonial) Staats-3. transitive verb‘please state full particulars’ — "bitte genaue Angaben machen"
2) (specify) festlegen* * *I [steit] noun1) (the condition in which a thing or person is: the bad state of the roads; The room was in an untidy state; He inquired about her state of health; What a state you're in!; He was not in a fit state to take the class.) der Zustand2) (a country considered as a political community, or, as in the United States, one division of a federation: The Prime Minister visits the Queen once a week to discuss affairs of state; The care of the sick and elderly is considered partly the responsibility of the state; ( also adjective) The railways are under state control; state-controlled / owned industries.) der Staat, Staats-...3) (ceremonial dignity and splendour: The Queen, wearing her robes of state, drove in a horse-drawn coach to Westminster; ( also adjective) state occasions/banquets.) der Staat, Staats-...•- academic.ru/70394/stately">stately- stateliness
- statesman
- statesmanlike
- statesmanship
- get into a state
- lie in state II [steit] verb(to say or announce clearly, carefully and definitely: You have not yet stated your intentions.) erklären* * *[steɪt]I. nthey complained about the untidy \state that the house had been left in sie beschwerten sich über die Unordnung, in der das Haus zurückgelassen worden warthe car was in a good \state of repair das Auto war in gutem Zustanda sorry \state of affairs traurige Zustände\state of the market COMM Marktverfassung\state of siege/war Belagerungs-/Kriegszustand meconomic \state wirtschaftliche Lageoriginal \state ursprünglicher Zustand2. (physical condition) körperliche [o physische] Verfassungin a \state of dormancy im Schlafzustand\state of exhaustion/fatigue Erschöpfungs-/Ermüdungszustand mto be in a poor/good \state of health in einem schlechten/guten Gesundheitszustand seinher mother is in a poor \state of health ihrer Mutter geht es nicht gut\state of intoxication Vergiftung f\state of rest Ruhezustand mwe were worried by his depressed \state of mind seine niedergeschlagene Stimmung machte uns Sorgenshe has been in a \state of euphoria ever since hearing the news sie ist ganz euphorisch, seit sie die Neuigkeit erfahren hatconscious \state [volles] Bewusstseinsemi-conscious \state Dämmerzustand munconscious \state Bewusstlosigkeit fto [not] be in a fit \state to do sth [nicht] in der Lage sein, etw zu tunto be in a \state mit den Nerven fertig sein famto get in[to] a \state [about sth] [wegen einer S. gen] durchdrehen5. SCIsolid/liquid/gaseous \state CHEM fester/flüssiger/gasförmiger Zustand6. SOCIOL\state of matrimony Stand m der Ehemarried \state Ehestand mhow do you enjoy the married \state? wie bekommt dir die Ehe?single \state Leben nt als Single7. REL\state of grace Stand m der Gnadeone-party/member \state Einparteien-/Mitgliedsstaat moffice of \state Staatsamt ntthe separation of Church and S\state die Trennung von Kirche und Staatthe Queen rode in \state to open Parliament die Königin ritt in vollem Staat zur Parlamentseröffnungthe pomp befitting a queen's \state die einer Königin angemessene Prachtto lie in \state aufgebahrt seinII. adj attr, inv1. (pertaining to a nation) staatlich, Staats-\state monopoly Staatsmonopol nt, staatliches Monopol\state ownership Staatseigentum nt, staatliches Eigentum\state religion Staatsreligion f2. (pertaining to unit)the \state capital of Texas die Hauptstadt von Texas\state fishing license für einen US-Bundesstaat gültige Angelerlaubnis\state forest/park von einem US-Bundesstaat finanzierter Wald/Park\state police Polizei eines US-Bundesstaates\state sales tax von einem US-Bundesstaat erhobene Umsatzsteuer3. (pertaining to civil government) Regierungs-\state document Regierungsdokument nt, amtliches Schriftstück\state enrolled/registered nurse BRIT staatlich zugelassene/geprüfte [o examinierte] Krankenschwester\state records Regierungsunterlagen pl\state subsidy [staatliche] Subvention\state support staatliche Unterstützung4. (showing ceremony) Staats-\state banquet Staatsbankett nt\state funeral Staatsbegräbnis ntthe S\state Opening of Parliament die offizielle Eröffnung des Parlaments\state visit Staatsbesuch mIII. vt1. (express)▪ to \state sth etw aussprechen [o äußern]the problem can be \stated in one sentence man kann das Problem in einen Satz fassento \state one's case seine Sache vortragento \state one's objections seine Einwände vorbringento \state one's opinion seine Meinung sagento \state the source die Quelle angebento \state sth clearly/emphatically etw deutlich/mit Nachdruck sagento \state the obvious [or a commonplace] eine Binsenweisheit von sich dat geben▪ to \state that... erklären, dass...to \state formally that... offiziell bekanntgeben, dass...▪ to \state why/what/how... darlegen, warum/was/wie...2. (specify, fix)▪ to \state sth etw nennen [o angeben]to \state conditions [or terms] Bedingungen nennento \state demands Forderungen stellen* * *[steɪt]1. n1) (= condition) Zustand mstate of health/mind/war/siege — Gesundheits-/Geistes-/Kriegs-/Belagerungszustand m
married/single state — Ehe-/Ledigenstand m
to be in a state of weightlessness — sich im Zustand der Schwerelosigkeit befinden
in a liquid/solid state —
where animals live in their natural state — wo Tiere im Naturzustand leben
in a good/bad state — in gutem/schlechtem Zustand
he's in no (fit) state to do that — er ist auf gar keinen Fall in der Verfassung, das zu tun
look at the state of your hands! — guck dir bloß mal deine Hände an!
2) (inf3) (= rank) Stand m, Rang m4) (= pomp) Aufwand m, Pomp m2. vtdarlegen, vortragen; name, price, amount nennen, angeben; preference, purpose angeben; opposition, intention anmeldento state that... — feststellen or erklären, dass...
it must be clearly stated in the records... — es muss aus den Akten einwandfrei hervorgehen,...
as stated in my letter I... — wie in meinem Brief erwähnt,... ich...
* * *state [steıt]A2. POL US (Bundes-, Einzel)Staat m:state law Rechtsordnung f des Einzelstaates;4. Zustand m:state of consciousness Bewusstseinszustand;state of inertia PHYS Beharrungszustand;in a state of nature im Naturzustand;they are still in a state of nature sie laufen noch so herum, wie Gott sie geschaffen hat;state of war MIL Kriegszustand;be in a state of war with sich im Kriegszustand befinden mit; → emergency A, equilibrium, health 2, repair1 B 5, siege A 1b) umg Erregung f:get into a state wahnsinnig nervös werden;don’t get into a state nur keine Aufregung!6. Stand m, Lage f:state of the art neuester Stand der Wissenschaft oder Technik;state of convergence EU: Konvergenzlage f, -stand m (bei Vereinheitlichung von Gesetzen mehrerer Staaten etc);state of the economy wirtschaftliche Gesamtlage;8. PHIL Sein n, Dasein n:the future state das zukünftige Leben;state of being Seinsweise f9. MED, ZOOL etc Stadium n10. (gesellschaftliche) Stellung, Stand m:in a style befitting one’s state standesgemäß11. Pracht f, Staat m:lie in state aufgebahrt sein;live in state großen Aufwand treiben12. pl POL, HIST (Land)Stände pl14. a) Erhaltungszustand m (eines Buches etc)b) Teilausgabe fa first state ein Erstdruck16. MIL Stärkemeldung fB adj1. staatlich, Staats…:state-aided staatlich unterstützt;state apparatus Staatsapparat m;state banquet Staatsbankett n;state capitalism Staatskapitalismus m;state-controlled unter staatlicher Aufsicht;state court US einzelstaatliches Gericht;state funeral Staatsbegräbnis n;state mourning Staatstrauer f;state prayers (anglikanische Kirche) Gebete für das Königshaus, die Geistlichkeit und das Parlament;state-owned staatseigen, staatlich, Staats…;be state-owned in Staatsbesitz sein;state prison US Strafanstalt eines Bundesstaates für längere Freiheitsstrafen;state property Staatseigentum n;state religion Staatsreligion f;state secret Staatsgeheimnis n;state-subsidized staatlich subventioniert;state visit Staatsbesuch m2. Staats…, Prunk…:state bed Parade-, Prunkbett n;state carriage Staatskarosse f;state occasion besonderer oder feierlicher Anlass;state robe Amtsrobe fC v/t2. erklären:a) seine Ansichten etc darlegen3. Tatsachen etc anführen:state in one’s defence that … zu seiner Verteidigung anführen, dass …;state the reason why … erklären oder den Grund angeben, weshalb …4. erwähnen, bemerken5. feststellen, konstatieren6. ein Problem etc stellen7. MATH (mathematisch) ausdrücken* * *1. noun1) (condition) Zustand, derstate of the economy — Wirtschaftslage, die
the state of play — (Sport) der Spielstand
the state of play in the negotiations/debate — (fig.) der [gegenwärtige] Stand der Verhandlungen/Debatte
be in a state of excitement/sadness/anxiety — aufgeregt/traurig/ängstlich sein
2) (mess)3) (anxiety)be in a state — (be in a panic) aufgeregt sein; (be excited) ganz aus dem Häuschen sein (ugs.)
get into a state — (coll.) Zustände kriegen (ugs.)
4) (nation) Staat, der[affairs] of State — Staats[geschäfte]
the [United] States — sing. die [Vereinigten] Staaten
6)State — (civil government) Staat, der
7) (pomp) Prunk, der2. attributive adjective1) (of nation or federal state) staatlich; Staats[bank, -sicherheit, -geheimnis, -dienst]2) (ceremonial) Staats-3. transitive verb1) (express) erklären; (fully or clearly) darlegen; äußern [Meinung]; angeben [Alter usw.]‘please state full particulars’ — "bitte genaue Angaben machen"
2) (specify) festlegen* * *n.Rang ¨-e m.Staat -en m.Stand ¨-e m.Status -se m.Zustand -¨e m. v.darlegen v.erklären v.festlegen v.festsetzen v.konstatieren v. -
55 bench
noun1) Bank, die2) (Law)3) (office of judge) Richteramt, das4) (Brit. Parl.) Bank, die; Reihe, die5) (work table) Werkbank, die* * *[ben ]1) (a long (usually wooden) seat: a park bench.) die Bank2) (a work-table for a carpenter etc: tools on the workbench.) die Werkbank* * *<pl -es>[bentʃ]n2. LAW▪ the \bench die [Richter]bank, das Gericht\bench of magistrates Richterschaft fMasters of the B\bench BRIT Ältere Mitglieder der Rechtsanwaltskammer [in London]\bench warrant [richterlicher] Haftbefehlto be on the \bench Richter seinto take the \bench AM (become judge/magistrate) Richter/Richterin werden; AM (open court proceedings) die Verhandlung eröffnen3.the government front \benches die Regierungsbankthe Opposition front \benches die Sitze des Schattenkabinetts; (members) die Mitglieder des Schattenkabinettsthe Treasury \benches die Mitglieder des Kabinettsthe back \benches hintere Bänke im Unterhaus für weniger wichtige Abgeordnete der Regierung und Oppositionthe front \benches vordere Bänke im Unterhaus für Minister und führende Oppositionspolitiker* * *[bentS]1. n1) (= seat) Bank fto be on the bench (permanent office) — Richter sein; (when in court) der Richter sein, auf dem Richterstuhl sitzen (geh)
4) (SPORT= selected as substitute)
on the bench — auf der Reservebank2. vt (US SPORT)auf die Strafbank schicken; (= keep as substitute) auf die Reservebank setzen* * *bench [bentʃ]A s1. (Sitz)Bank f:play to empty benches THEAT vor leeren Bänken spielen2. SPORT (Auswechsel-, Reserve) Bank f:be on the bench auf der Bank sitzena) Richtersitz m, -bank f,b) Gericht n,c) fig Richteramt n,d) (auch als pl konstruiert) koll Richter(schaft) pl(f):Bench and Bar Richter und Anwälte;be on the bench Richter sein, den Vorsitz oder die Verhandlung führen;4. Sitz m (im Parlament etc), (Abgeordneten-, Zeugen- etc) Bank f5. (Werk-, Hobel) Bank f, (Werk-, Arbeits) Tisch m6. a) Podium, auf dem Heimtiere, besonders Hunde, ausgestellt werdenb) Hundeausstellung f8. TECH Bank f, Reihe f (von Geräten, Retorten etc)9. GEOG US terrassenförmiges FlussuferB v/t2. besonders Hunde ausstellen3. US abstufen, terrassieren* * *noun1) Bank, die2) (Law)3) (office of judge) Richteramt, das4) (Brit. Parl.) Bank, die; Reihe, die5) (work table) Werkbank, die* * *n.(§ pl.: benches)= Bank —¨e f.Sitzbank -¨e f.Werktisch m. -
56 ♦ rule
♦ rule /ru:l/n.1 regola; regolamento: grammatical rules, regole grammaticali; (mat.) the rule of three, la regola del tre semplice; rules and regulations, regole e regolamenti; a set of rules, un regolamento; una normativa; the rule of force, la legge della forza; (relig.) the Benedictine rule, la regola (monastica) di San Benedetto; to follow [break] the rules, seguire [infrangere] le regole; to play by the rules, rispettare le regole; attenersi alle regole; to be against the rules, essere contro le regole; essere vietato; to set the rules, stabilire le regole; to flout the rules, ignorare apertamente il regolamento; DIALOGO → - Absence- You know the rules, conosci le regole; to bend (o to stretch) the rules for sb., fare uno strappo alle regole (o un'eccezione) per q.; cardinal rule, regola fondamentale; strict rules, regole rigide2 norma; consuetudine: a hard and fast rule, una norma precisa; an unwritten rule, una norma non scritta; to be the rule, essere la norma; Long working hours are the rule here, gli orari di lavoro prolungati qui sono la norma; He makes it a rule to go for a walk every day, è sua buona norma fare una passeggiata tutti i giorni3 [u] dominio; governo: under British rule, sotto il dominio britannico; (polit.) direct rule, amministrazione diretta (in Irlanda del Nord: da parte di Londra); 20 years of socialist rule, vent'anni di governo socialista; Once we were under Florentine rule, un tempo eravamo sotto la signoria di Firenze; mob rule, illegalità al governo4 riga (da disegno); regolo ( calcolatore): a foot-rule, un regolo di un piede ( circa trenta centimetri)5 (leg.) decisione; ordine; ordinanza: (fam. USA) gag rule, norma limitativa della libertà di parola e di stampa7 (pl.) ( sport) regolamento: the rules of the game, il regolamento (o le regole) del gioco; The tournament will be conducted under the rules of tennis, il torneo si svolgerà secondo le regole del tennis● rule book ► rulebook □ (falegn.) rule joint, giunto a regolo □ rule-making power, potere normativo ( del governo) □ (leg.) rules of court, norme procedurali □ the rule of law, il dominio della legge; il principio della legalità □ the rule of the road, (autom.) le regole di precedenza; (naut.) le regole per prevenire le collisioni in mare □ rule of thumb, regola empirica; regola pratica □ rule-of-thumb, approssimativo; empirico; pratico □ as a rule, generalmente; di regola □ by rule, secondo le regole □ by rule of thumb, empiricamente; a lume di naso (fam.) □ rules are rules, le regole sono regole □ ( di operai) to work to rule, lavorare facendo ostruzionismo ( applicando rigidamente i regolamenti); fare uno sciopero bianco.(to) rule /ru:l/v. t. e i.1 dominare; governare; The Queen of England reigns but does not rule, la regina di Inghilterra regna ma non governa; to rule a country, governare un paese; Parts of Italy were ruled by Austria for many years, una parte dell'Italia è stata sotto il dominio austriaco per molti anni; King Alfred ruled wisely over his people, re Alfredo ha governato il suo popolo saggiamente; to rule as an absolute monarch, regnare da monarca assoluto2 dominare; influenzare: Don't be ruled by envy, non lasciarti dominare dall'invidia; Her life is ruled by ambition, è l'ambizione a guidare la sua vita3 (leg., sport) deliberare; giudicare; dichiarare: The court ruled the validity of the deed, il tribunale ha riconosciuto la validità dell'atto; The judge ruled that the question was out of order, il giudice ha dichiarato che la domanda non era ammissibile; The court ruled his behaviour unlawful, la corte ha giudicato illegittimo il suo comportamento; The court will rule on the matter, la corte delibererà in merito; The judge ruled against the plaintiff, il giudice si è pronunciato a sfavore dell'attore; The management has ruled against any wage rise, gli amministratori hanno deliberato di non concedere aumenti salariali4 avere la meglio su, prevalere in: Profit taking ruled the stock market yesterday, le prese di beneficio hanno prevalso ieri nel mercato azionario5 (fam.: di una squadra, una moda, ecc.) dominare; ( di una persona) essere il migliore; essere il numero uno: (spec. sport) to rule O.K., essere il più forte; In the world of modern art, he rules supreme, nel mondo dell'arte moderna, ha il dominio incontrastato6 (arc.) guidare; moderare: He was ruled by his friends, si lasciava guidare dagli amici; to rule a horse, tenere a freno un cavallo; to rule one's passions, moderare le proprie passioni● ( sport) to rule sb. offside, dichiarare q. in fuorigioco □ to rule the roost ► roost □ to rule with an iron hand (o with a rod of iron), utilizzare il pugno di ferro con; governare ( un paese, ecc.) con il pugno di ferro □ to let one's heart rule one's head, dare ascolto alle ragioni del cuore; lasciarsi guidare dal cuore ( e non dalla ragione). -
57 rey
rey sustantivo masculino 1 los Rreyes y sus hijos the royal couple and their children 2 Los Rreyes Magos the Three Wise Men, The Three Kings
rey sustantivo masculino
1 king
2 (mago, genio) es el rey de rock, he's the king of rock
3 Rel (el día de) Reyes, Epiphany o Twelfth Night o 6 January
los Reyes Magos, the (Three) Wise Men Recuerda que el plural, kings, se refiere solo al sexo masculino. Los reyes de España, es decir, el rey y la reina, se traduce por the king and queen of Spain.
Observa cómo se lee un nombre acompañado de un número: Elizabeth II, Elizabeth the Second; Henry VIII, Henry the Eighth. ' rey' also found in these entries: Spanish: abdicar - coronación - cuerpo - incógnito - injuria - juramentar - misma - mismo - reina - suceder - coronar - corte - cortejo - de - destronar - disponer - fiel - infante - interceder - majestad - representación - séquito - vivir English: appear - ascend - bear - court - do - entertain - exile - fit - forget - inflict - king - queen - live - stalemate -
58 the King's Bench
Суд королевской скамьи (до 1873 г.) [получил своё название потому, что на заседаниях председательствовал король; этот суд сопровождал короля в поездках. В настоящее время является отделением Высокого суда в Великобритании - the King's или Queen's Bench Division of the High Court of Judicature]However, she was chiefly arrested by the social character of the neighborhood... For in the immediate vicinity dwelt Mr. Arthur Garfield Wriothesley Gol, of the Queen's bench... (Th. Dreiser, ‘The Stoic’, ch. XXVII) — Беренис главным образом заинтересовало общественное положение живущих по соседству людей... Так, совсем рядом жил мистер Артур Гарфилд Райотесли Гоул из Суда королевской скамьи...
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59 Chronology
15,000-3,000 BCE Paleolithic cultures in western Portugal.400-200 BCE Greek and Carthaginian trade settlements on coast.202 BCE Roman armies invade ancient Lusitania.137 BCE Intensive Romanization of Lusitania begins.410 CE Germanic tribes — Suevi and Visigoths—begin conquest of Roman Lusitania and Galicia.714—16 Muslims begin conquest of Visigothic Lusitania.1034 Christian Reconquest frontier reaches Mondego River.1064 Christians conquer Coimbra.1139 Burgundian Count Afonso Henriques proclaims himself king of Portugal; birth of Portugal. Battle of Ourique: Afonso Henriques defeats Muslims.1147 With English Crusaders' help, Portuguese seize Lisbon from Muslims.1179 Papacy formally recognizes Portugal's independence (Pope Alexander III).1226 Campaign to reclaim Alentejo from Muslims begins.1249 Last Muslim city (Silves) falls to Portuguese Army.1381 Beginning of third war between Castile and Portugal.1383 Master of Aviz, João, proclaimed regent by Lisbon populace.1385 April: Master of Aviz, João I, proclaimed king of Portugal by Cortes of Coimbra. 14 August: Battle of Aljubarrota, Castilians defeated by royal forces, with assistance of English army.1394 Birth of "Prince Henry the Navigator," son of King João I.1415 Beginning of overseas expansion as Portugal captures Moroccan city of Ceuta.1419 Discovery of Madeira Islands.1425-28 Prince D. Pedro, older brother of Prince Henry, travels in Europe.1427 Discovery (or rediscovery?) of Azores Islands.1434 Prince Henry the Navigator's ships pass beyond Cape Bojador, West Africa.1437 Disaster at Tangier, Morocco, as Portuguese fail to capture city.1441 First African slaves from western Africa reach Portugal.1460 Death of Prince Henry. Portuguese reach what is now Senegal, West Africa.1470s Portuguese explore West African coast and reach what is now Ghana and Nigeria and begin colonizing islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas between kings of Portugal and Spain.1482 Portuguese establish post at São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (now Ghana).1482-83 Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches mouth of Congo River and Angola.1488 Navigator Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and finds route to Indian Ocean.1492-93 Columbus's first voyage to West Indies.1493 Columbus visits Azores and Portugal on return from first voyage; tells of discovery of New World. Treaty of Tordesillas signed between kings of Portugal and Spain: delimits spheres of conquest with line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands (claimed by Portugal); Portugal's sphere to east of line includes, in effect, Brazil.King Manuel I and Royal Council decide to continue seeking all-water route around Africa to Asia.King Manuel I expels unconverted Jews from Portugal.1497-99 Epic voyage of Vasco da Gama from Portugal around Africa to west India, successful completion of sea route to Asia project; da Gama returns to Portugal with samples of Asian spices.1500 Bound for India, Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral "discovers" coast of Brazil and claims it for Portugal.1506 Anti-Jewish riots in Lisbon.Battle of Diu, India; Portugal's command of Indian Ocean assured for some time with Francisco de Almeida's naval victory over Egyptian and Gujerati fleets.Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa, India; beginning of Portuguese hegemony in south Asia.Portuguese conquest of Malacca; commerce in Spice Islands.1519 Magellan begins circumnavigation voyage.1536 Inquisition begins in Portugal.1543 Portuguese merchants reach Japan.1557 Portuguese merchants granted Chinese territory of Macau for trading factory.1572 Luís de Camões publishes epic poem, Os Lusíadas.1578 Battle of Alcácer-Quivir; Moroccan forces defeat army of King Sebastião of Portugal; King Sebastião dies in battle. Portuguese succession crisis.1580 King Phillip II of Spain claims and conquers Portugal; Spanish rule of Portugal, 1580-1640.1607-24 Dutch conquer sections of Asia and Brazil formerly held by Portugal.1640 1 December: Portuguese revolution in Lisbon overthrows Spanish rule, restores independence. Beginning of Portugal's Braganza royal dynasty.1654 Following Dutch invasions and conquest of parts of Brazil and Angola, Dutch expelled by force.1661 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance treaty signed: England pledges to defend Portugal "as if it were England itself." Queen Catherine of Bra-ganza marries England's Charles II.1668 February: In Portuguese-Spanish peace treaty, Spain recognizes independence of Portugal, thus ending 28-year War of Restoration.1703 Methuen Treaties signed, key commercial trade agreement and defense treaty between England and Portugal.1750 Pombal becomes chief minister of King José I.1755 1 November: Massive Lisbon earthquake, tidal wave, and fire.1759 Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal and colonies.1761 Slavery abolished in continental Portugal.1769 Abandonment of Mazagão, Morocco, last Portuguese outpost.1777 Pombal dismissed as chief minister by Queen Maria I, after death of José I.1791 Portugal and United States establish full diplomatic relations.1807 November: First Napoleonic invasion; French forces under Junot conquer Portugal. Royal family flees to colony of Brazil and remains there until 1821.1809 Second French invasion of Portugal under General Soult.1811 Third French invasion of Portugal under General Masséna.1813 Following British general Wellington's military victories, French forces evacuate Portugal.1817 Liberal, constitutional movements against absolutist monarchist rule break out in Brazil (Pernambuco) and Portugal (Lisbon, under General Gomes Freire); crushed by government. British marshal of Portugal's army, Beresford, rules Portugal.Liberal insurrection in army officer corps breaks out in Cadiz, Spain, and influences similar movement in Portugal's armed forces first in Oporto.King João VI returns from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and early draft of constitution; era of constitutional monarchy begins.1822 7 September: João VI's son Pedro proclaims independence ofBrazil from Portugal and is named emperor. 23 September: Constitution of 1822 ratified.Portugal recognizes sovereign independence of Brazil.King João VI dies; power struggle for throne ensues between his sons, brothers Pedro and Miguel; Pedro, emperor of Brazil, abdicates Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, D. Maria II, too young to assume crown. By agreement, Miguel, uncle of D. Maria, is to accept constitution and rule in her stead.1828 Miguel takes throne and abolishes constitution. Sections of Portugal rebel against Miguelite rule.1831 Emperor Pedro abdicates throne of Brazil and returns to Portugal to expel King Miguel from Portuguese throne.1832-34 Civil war between absolutist King Miguel and constitutionalist Pedro, who abandons throne of Brazil to restore his young daughter Maria to throne of Portugal; Miguel's armed forces defeated by those of Pedro. Miguel leaves for exile and constitution (1826 Charter) is restored.1834-53 Constitutional monarchy consolidated under rule of Queen Maria II, who dies in 1853.1851-71 Regeneration period of economic development and political stability; public works projects sponsored by Minister Fontes Pereira de Melo.1871-90 Rotativism period of alternating party governments; achieves political stability and less military intervention in politics and government. Expansion of colonial territory in tropical Africa.January: Following territorial dispute in central Africa, Britain delivers "Ultimatum" to Portugal demanding withdrawal of Portugal's forces from what is now Malawi and Zimbabwe. Portugal's government, humiliated in accepting demand under threat of a diplomatic break, falls. Beginning of governmental and political instability; monarchist decline and republicanism's rise.Anglo-Portuguese treaties signed relating to delimitation of frontiers in colonial Africa.1899 Treaty of Windsor; renewal of Anglo-Portuguese defense and friendship alliance.1903 Triumphal visit of King Edward VII to Portugal.1906 Politician João Franco supported by King Carlos I in dictatorship to restore order and reform.1908 1 February: Murder in Lisbon of King Carlos I and his heir apparent, Prince Dom Luís, by Portuguese anarchists. Eighteen-year-old King Manuel II assumes throne.1910 3-5 October: Following republican-led military insurrection in armed forces, monarchy falls and first Portuguese republic is proclaimed. Beginning of unstable, economically troubled, parliamentary republic form of government.May: Violent insurrection in Lisbon overturns government of General Pimenta de Castro; nearly a thousand casualties from several days of armed combat in capital.March: Following Portugal's honoring ally Britain's request to confiscate German shipping in Portuguese harbors, Germany declares war on Portugal; Portugal enters World War I on Allied side.Portugal organizes and dispatches Portuguese Expeditionary Corps to fight on the Western Front. 9 April: Portuguese forces mauled by German offensive in Battle of Lys. Food rationing and riots in Lisbon. Portuguese military operations in Mozambique against German expedition's invasion from German East Africa. 5 December: Authoritarian, presidentialist government under Major Sidónio Pais takes power in Lisbon, following a successful military coup.1918 11 November: Armistice brings cessation of hostilities on Western Front in World War I. Portuguese expeditionary forces stationed in Angola, Mozambique, and Flanders begin return trip to Portugal. 14 December: President Sidónio Pais assassinated. Chaotic period of ephemeral civil war ensues.1919-21 Excessively unstable political period, including January1919 abortive effort of Portuguese monarchists to restore Braganza dynasty to power. Republican forces prevail, but level of public violence, economic distress, and deprivation remains high.1921 October: Political violence attains peak with murder of former prime minister and other prominent political figures in Lisbon. Sectors of armed forces and Guarda Nacional Republicana are mutinous. Year of financial and corruption scandals, including Portuguese bank note (fraud) case; military court acquits guilty military insurrectionists, and one military judge declares "the country is sick."28 May: Republic overthrown by military coup or pronunciamento and conspiracy among officer corps. Parliament's doors locked and parliament closed for nearly nine years to January 1935. End of parliamentary republic, Western Europe's most unstable political system in this century, beginning of the Portuguese dictatorship, after 1930 known as the Estado Novo. Officer corps assumes reins of government, initiates military censorship of the press, and suppresses opposition.February: Military dictatorship under General Óscar Carmona crushes failed republican armed insurrection in Oporto and Lisbon.April: Military dictatorship names Professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar minister of finance, with dictatorial powers over budget, to stabilize finances and rebuild economy. Insurrectionism among military elements continues into 1931.1930 Dr. Salazar named minister for colonies and announces balanced budgets. Salazar consolidates support by various means, including creation of official regime "movement," the National Union. Salazar engineers Colonial Act to ensure Lisbon's control of bankrupt African colonies by means of new fiscal controls and centralization of authority. July: Military dictatorship names Salazar prime minister for first time, and cabinet composition undergoes civilianization; academic colleagues and protégés plan conservative reform and rejuvenation of society, polity, and economy. Regime comes to be called the Estado Novo (New State). New State's constitution ratified by new parliament, the National Assembly; Portugal described in document as "unitary, corporative Republic" and governance influenced by Salazar's stern personality and doctrines such as integralism, Catholicism, and fiscal conservatism.1936 Violent instability and ensuing civil war in neighboring Spain, soon internationalized by fascist and communist intervention, shake Estado Novo regime. Pseudofascist period of regime features creation of imitation Fascist institutions to defend regime from leftist threats; Portugal institutes "Portuguese Youth" and "Portuguese Legion."1939 3 September: Prime Minister Salazar declares Portugal's neutrality in World War II. October: Anglo-Portuguese agreement grants naval and air base facilities to Britain and later to United States for Battle of the Atlantic and Normandy invasion support. Third Reich protests breach of Portugal's neutrality.6 June: On day of Allies' Normandy invasion, Portugal suspends mining and export of wolfram ore to both sides in war.8 May: Popular celebrations of Allied victory and Fascist defeat in Lisbon and Oporto coincide with Victory in Europe Day. Following managed elections for Estado Novo's National Assembly in November, regime police, renamed PIDE, with increased powers, represses opposition.1947 Abortive military coup in central Portugal easily crushed by regime. Independence of India and initiation of Indian protests against Portuguese colonial rule in Goa and other enclaves.1949 Portugal becomes founding member of NATO.1951 Portugal alters constitution and renames overseas colonies "Overseas Provinces." Portugal and United States sign military base agreements for use of air and naval facilities in Azores Islands and military aid to Lisbon. President Carmona dies in office, succeeded by General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58). July: Indians occupy enclave of Portuguese India (dependency of Damão) by means of passive resistance movement. August: Indian passive resistance movement in Portuguese India repelled by Portuguese forces with loss of life. December: With U.S. backing, Portugal admitted as member of United Nations (along with Spain). Air force general Humberto Delgado, in opposition, challenges Estado Novo's hand-picked successor to Craveiro Lopes, Admiral Américo Tomás. Delgado rallies coalition of democratic, liberal, and communist opposition but loses rigged election and later flees to exile in Brazil. Portugal joins European Free Trade Association (EFTA).January and February: Estado Novo rocked by armed African insurrection in northern Angola, crushed by armed forces. Hijacking of Portuguese ocean liner by ally of Delgado, Captain Henrique Galvão. April: Salazar defeats attempted military coup and reshuffles cabinet with group of younger figures who seek to reform colonial rule and strengthen the regime's image abroad. 18 December: Indian army rapidly defeats Portugal's defense force in Goa, Damão, and Diu and incorporates Portugal's Indian possessions into Indian Union. January: Abortive military coup in Beja, Portugal.1965 February: General Delgado and his Brazilian secretary murdered and secretly buried near Spanish frontier by political police, PIDE.1968 August and September: Prime Minister Salazar, aged 79, suffers crippling stoke. President Tomás names former cabinet officer Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor. Caetano institutes modest reforms in Portugal and overseas.1971 Caetano government ratifies amended constitution that allows slight devolution and autonomy to overseas provinces in Africa and Asia. Right-wing loyalists oppose reforms in Portugal. 25 April: Military coup engineered by Armed Forces Movement overthrows Estado Novo and establishes provisional government emphasizing democratization, development, and decolonization. Limited resistance by loyalists. President Tomás and Premier Caetano flown to exile first in Madeira and then in Brazil. General Spínola appointed president. September: Revolution moves to left, as President Spínola, thwarted in his program, resigns.March: Military coup by conservative forces fails, and leftist response includes nationalization of major portion of economy. Polarization between forces and parties of left and right. 25 November: Military coup by moderate military elements thwarts leftist forces. Constituent Assembly prepares constitution. Revolution moves from left to center and then right.March: Constitution ratified by Assembly of the Republic. 25 April: Second general legislative election gives largest share of seats to Socialist Party (PS). Former oppositionist lawyer, Mário Soares, elected deputy and named prime minister.1977-85 Political pendulum of democratic Portugal moves from center-left to center-right, as Social Democratic Party (PSD) increases hold on assembly and take office under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. July1985 elections give edge to PSD who advocate strong free-enterprise measures and revision of leftist-generated 1976 Constitution, amended modestly in 1982.1986 January: Portugal joins European Economic Community (EEC).1987 July: General, legislative elections for assembly give more than 50 percent to PSD led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. For first time, since 1974, Portugal has a working majority government.1989 June: Following revisions of 1976 Constitution, reprivatization of economy begins, under PS government.January: Presidential elections, Mário Soares reelected for second term. July: General, legislative elections for assembly result in new PSD victory and majority government.January-July: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Economic Community (EEC). December: Tariff barriers fall as fully integrated Common Market established in the EEC.November: Treaty of Maastricht comes into force. The EEC officially becomes the European Union (EU). Portugal is signatory with 11 other member-nations.October: General, legislative elections for assembly result in PS victory and naming of Prime Minister Guterres. PS replace PSD as leading political party. November: Excavations for Lisbon bank uncover ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Christian ruins.January: General, presidential elections; socialist Jorge Sampaio defeats PSD's Cavaco Silva and assumes presidency from Dr. Mário Soares. July: Community of Portuguese Languages Countries (CPLP) cofounded by Portugal and Brazil.May-September: Expo '98 held in Lisbon. Opening of Vasco da Gama Bridge across Tagus River, Europe's longest (17 kilometers/ 11 miles). June: National referendum on abortion law change defeated after low voter turnout. November: National referendum on regionaliza-tion and devolution of power defeated after another low voter turnout.October: General, legislative elections: PS victory over PSD lacks clear majority in parliament. Following East Timor referendum, which votes for independence and withdrawal of Indonesia, outburst of popular outrage in streets, media, and communications of Portugal approves armed intervention and administration of United Nations (and withdrawal of Indonesia) in East Timor. Portugal and Indonesia restore diplomatic relations. December: A Special Territory since 1975, Colony of Macau transferred to sovereignty of People's Republic of China.January-June: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the EU; end of Discoveries Historical Commemoration Cycle (1988-2000).United Nations forces continue to occupy and administer former colony of East Timor, with Portugal's approval.January: General, presidential elections; PS president Sampaio reelected for second term. City of Oporto, "European City of Culture" for the year, hosts arts festival. December: Municipal elections: PSD defeats PS; socialist prime minister Guterres resigns; President Sampaio calls March parliamentary elections.1 January: Portugal enters single European Currency system. Euro currency adopted and ceases use of former national currency, the escudo. March: Parliamentary elections; PSD defeats PS and José Durão Barroso becomes prime minister. Military modernization law passed. Portugal holds chairmanship of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).May: Municipal law passed permitting municipalities to reorganize in new ways.June: Prime Minister Durão Barroso, invited to succeed Romano Prodi as president of EU Commission, resigns. Pedro Santana Lopes becomes prime minister. European Parliament elections held. Conscription for national service in army and navy ended. Mass grave uncovered at Academy of Sciences Museum, Lisbon, revealing remains of several thousand victims of Lisbon earthquake, 1755.February: Parliamentary elections; PS defeats PSD, socialists win first absolute majority in parliament since 1975. José Sócrates becomes prime minister.January: Presidential elections; PSD candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva elected and assumes presidency from Jorge Sampaio. Portugal's national soccer team ranked 7th out of 205 countries by international soccer association. European Union's Bologna Process in educational reform initiated in Portugal.July-December: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Union. For reasons of economy, Portugal announces closure of many consulates, especially in France and the eastern US. Government begins official inspections of private institutions of higher education, following scandals.2008 January: Prime Minister Sócrates announces location of new Lisbon area airport as Alcochete, on south bank of Tagus River, site of air force shooting range. February: Portuguese Army begins to receive new modern battle tanks (Leopard 2 A6). March: Mass protest of 85,000 public school (primary and secondary levels) teachers in Lisbon schools dispute recent educational policies of minister of education and prime minister. -
60 evidence
[ˈevɪdəns]additional evidence новые свидетельские показания audit evidence материалы ревизии bear evidence давать показания evidence юр. улика; свидетельское показание; piece of evidence улика; cumulative evidence совокупность улик; to call in evidence вызывать (в суд) для дачи показаний contrary evidence противоположное свидетельство evidence юр. улика; свидетельское показание; piece of evidence улика; cumulative evidence совокупность улик; to call in evidence вызывать (в суд) для дачи показаний cumulative evidence совокупность доказательств demonstrative evidence вещественное доказательство direct evidence прямая улика direct evidence прямое свидетельское показание documentary evidence документальное доказательство evidence давать показания evidence данные evidence доказательство evidence основание; данные, признаки; to give (или to bear) evidence свидетельствовать evidence основание evidence очевидность; in evidence заметный, бросающийся в глаза evidence подтверждать evidence показание обвиняемого evidence показание свидетеля evidence свидетель evidence свидетельство evidence свидетельствовать evidence служить доказательством, подтверждать evidence служить доказательством, доказывать evidence служить доказательством evidence средство доказывания, доказательство evidence юр. улика; свидетельское показание; piece of evidence улика; cumulative evidence совокупность улик; to call in evidence вызывать (в суд) для дачи показаний evidence улика, свидетельсткое показание evidence улика evidence факты to turn King's (или Queen's амер. State's) evidence выдать сообщников и стать свидетелем обвинения evidence by party свидетельство одной из сторон evidence in court свидетель в суде evidence of easement свидетельство о сервитуте external evidence доказательство, лежащее вне документа on this evidence в свете этого; from all evidence, there is ample evidence that все говорит за то, что evidence основание; данные, признаки; to give (или to bear) evidence свидетельствовать give evidence давать свидетельские показания give evidence доказывать give evidence представлять доказательства give evidence свидетельствовать give evidence служить доказательством give untruthful evidence давать ложные показания hear evidence юр. заслушивать свидетельские показания hearsay evidence юр. доказательства, основанные на слухах hearsay evidence юр. показания с чужих слов hearsay: evidence attr. основанный на слухах; hearsay evidence юр. доказательства, основанные на слухах evidence очевидность; in evidence заметный, бросающийся в глаза in evidence принятый в качестве доказательства indirect evidence косвенная улика judicial evidence судебная улика legal evidence доказательства, принимаемые судом material evidence вещественное доказательство objective evidence объективное доказательство on this evidence в свете этого; from all evidence, there is ample evidence that все говорит за то, что opinion evidence предполагаемое доказательство oral evidence устные свидетельские показания panel evidence показания экспертов parol evidence устные свидетельские показания paternity evidence доказательство отцовства physical evidence вещественное доказательство evidence юр. улика; свидетельское показание; piece of evidence улика; cumulative evidence совокупность улик; to call in evidence вызывать (в суд) для дачи показаний piece: evidence of evidence улика presumptive evidence косвенное доказательство presumptive evidence опровержимое доказательство presumptive evidence показания, основанные на догадках presumptive evidence факты, создающие презумпцию доказательства presumptive: presumptive предполагаемый; предположительный; presumptive evidence показания, основанные на догадках prima facie evidence доказательство, достаточное при отсутствии опровержения prima facie evidence презумпция доказательства; доказательство, достаточное при отсутствии опровержения prima facie evidence презумпция доказательства primary evidence наилучшее доказательство primary evidence первичное доказательство primary evidence подлинное доказательство probable evidence косвенное доказательство probable evidence опровержимое доказательство probable evidence факты, создающие презумпцию доказательства produce evidence предъявлять доказательства produce evidence предъявлять улики Queen's evidence обвиняемый, изобличающий своих сообщников real evidence вещественные доказательства rebutting evidence контрдоказательство rebutting evidence опровергающее доказательство rebutting evidence опровергающие доказательства, контрдоказательства second-hand evidence неподлинное доказательство second-hand evidence производное доказательство secondary evidence неполное доказательство secondary evidence производное доказательство supporting evidence подтверждающая улика take evidence выслушивать свидетельские показания take evidence допрашивать и протоколировать показания take evidence принимать доказательства take evidence снимать свидетельские показания on this evidence в свете этого; from all evidence, there is ample evidence that все говорит за то, что to turn King's (или Queen's амер. State's) evidence выдать сообщников и стать свидетелем обвинения uncorroborated evidence неподтвержденное свидетельство unimpeachable evidence бесспорное доказательство
См. также в других словарях:
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