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  • 101 Regii

    rēgĭus, a, um, adj. [rex], of or belonging to a king, kingly, royal, regal.
    I.
    Lit.:

    cum esset habendus rex, quicumque genere regio natus esset,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 33, 50:

    potestas,

    id. ib. 2, 9, 15; 2, 23, 43;

    2, 32, 56: nomen,

    id. ib. 2, 23, 43;

    2, 28, 51: civitas,

    id. ib. 2, 29, 52:

    insignia,

    id. ib. 2, 17, 31:

    ornatus,

    id. ib. 2, 21, 38; id. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:

    apparatus,

    id. Rep. 6, 10, 10:

    exercitus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 104:

    praefectus,

    id. ib. 3, 104 et saep.: anni, i. e. the reign of the kings (at Rome), Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 29; 2, 30, 53:

    auctio,

    i. e. of royal property, Plin. 29, 4, 30, § 96:

    ales,

    i. e. the eagle, Ov. M. 4, 362:

    genus imperii proximum similitudini regiae,

    very much resembling regal power, Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 56:

    bellum,

    with a king, id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:

    regios nutus tueri,

    purposes, id. Fam 12, 1, 1:

    regia, crede mihi, res est succurrere lapsis,

    befitting kings, Ov. P. 2, 9, 11; cf.:

    regia res scelus est,

    id. F. 6, 595:

    sponsus,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 10:

    genus,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 15:

    sanguis,

    id. ib. 3, 27, 65:

    stirps,

    Curt. 6, 2, 8:

    virgo,

    princess, Ov. M. 2, 570; 13, 523:

    puer,

    Verg. A. 1, 677:

    conjux,

    id. ib. 2, 783:

    parens,

    Ov. M. 13, 484:

    legatio,

    Liv. 35, 32:

    imperium,

    Sen. Med. 189:

    cohors,

    Curt. 10, 7, 16:

    interitus regii,

    Val. Max. 1, 8, 11: superbum [p. 1551] istud et regium, nisi, etc., Plin. Pan. 7, 6.—Hence, esp.:

    lex regia,

    a law investing the emperor with all the power and authority of the Roman people, Just. Inst. 1, 2, 6 Sandars ad loc.—As subst.
    A.
    Rē-gĭi, ōrum, m.
    1.
    (Sc. milites.) The royal troops, the king ' s soldiers, Nep. Dat. 1, 4.—
    2. B.
    rēgĭa, ae, f.
    1.
    (Sc. domus.) A royal palace, castle, fortress, residence, the court (cf.:

    aula, palatium): in regia regem ipsum quasi productum esse ad dignitatem,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52; Caes. B. C. 3, 112:

    in vestibulo regiae,

    Liv. 1, 40:

    exaedificata,

    id. 35, 31:

    regiam occupare,

    Hor. C. 2, 18, 6; Ov. F. 4, 599:

    opulenta,

    Cat. 62, 44:

    Polycratis regia,

    Suet. Calig. 21.—
    b.
    In partic., the royal castle of Numa, situated on the Sacra Via, close by the temple of Vesta, used subsequently for priestly purposes (for appointed sacrifices, for meetings of the priests, as a residence of the Pontifex, etc.): haec est a sacris quae via nomen habet; Hic locus est Vestae, qui Pallada servat et ignem;

    Hic fuit antiqui regia parva Numae,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 30; cf. id. F. 6, 264; Varr. L. L. 6, § 12 Müll.; Fest. p. 178 ib.; Macr. S. 1, 15; 16; S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2; Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 6; Serv. Verg. A. 8, 363; Cic. Mil. 14, 37 Ascon.; id. Att. 10, 3, a, 1; Plin. 34, 8, 18, § 48 al.— Hence, atrium regium, the hall of this regia, Liv. 26, 27, 3.—
    c.
    Transf.
    (α).
    The royal tent in a camp, Liv. 2, 12, 10; cf.:

    armatus exercitus regiam obsedit,

    Curt. 9, 5, 30; 6, 2, 9:

    vestibulum regiae,

    id. 7, 1, 4. —
    (β).
    The court, i. e. the royal family, the king and his courtiers (cf. aula;

    first under Aug.): tulit et Romana regia sceleris tragici exemplum,

    Liv. 1, 46:

    quicunque propinquitate regiam contigisset,

    id. 24, 22 fin.; Tac. A. 6, 34:

    Callistus prioris quoque regiae peritus,

    id. ib. 11, 29; cf. id. ib. 14, 13; Petr. poët. 5, 4; Curt. 6, 6, 2.—
    * (γ).
    Poet., like aula, a court for the cattle, cattle-yard:

    gregis regia,

    Val. Fl. 5, 67.—
    2.
    (Sc. urbs.) A royal city, residence, capital ( poet. and in postAug. prose):

    Croesi regia Sardes,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 2:

    non haec dotalis regia Amatae, i. e. Laurentum,

    Verg. A. 9, 737:

    Caesarea, Jubae regia,

    Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20.—
    3.
    A pure Lat. name for basilica, a colonnade, portico, hall (not ante-Aug.): dum lectica ex regiā domum redeo, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 76:

    theatri,

    Suet. Aug. 31 fin.; Ascon. ap. Cic. Aem. Scaur. § 45 (p. 27 Orell.); cf. Vitr. 5, 7 fin.; Stat. S. 1, 1, 30. —
    4.
    A pure Lat. name for the plant basilisca (v. h. v.), App. Herb. 128. —
    II.
    Trop., royal, regal, princely, splendid, magnificent, distinguished (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose for the class. regalis):

    forma,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 10:

    moles,

    splendid edifices, Hor. C. 2, 15, 1:

    vestis,

    Vulg. Act. 12, 21.—

    As an epithet of any remarkable production of nature or art: olea,

    Col. 5, 8, 3; 12, 49, 2; 7:

    pira,

    id. 5, 10, 18; 12, 10, 4; Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 56;

    laurus,

    id. 15, 30, 39, § 129:

    charta,

    Cat. 22, 6 et saep.: regius morbus, the jaundice (because it was said to be cured by delicate remedies, by exciting to cheerfulness, etc.), Cels. 3, 24; Varr. ap. Plin. 22, 24, 53, § 114; Ser. Samm. 58, 1033; Hor. A. P. 453: regia stella, a large star in the constellation Leo, now called Regulus, Plin. 18, 26, 64, § 235. — Hence, adv.: rēgĭē, royally, regally, splendidly, sumptuously, magnificently; imperiously, despotically:

    accubabo regie,

    Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 53:

    regie polita aedificia,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10:

    quae regie seu potius tyrannice statuit in aratores Apronius,

    imperiously, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 115:

    crudeliter et regie factum,

    id. Cat. 1, 12, 30.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Regii

  • 102 regius

    rēgĭus, a, um, adj. [rex], of or belonging to a king, kingly, royal, regal.
    I.
    Lit.:

    cum esset habendus rex, quicumque genere regio natus esset,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 33, 50:

    potestas,

    id. ib. 2, 9, 15; 2, 23, 43;

    2, 32, 56: nomen,

    id. ib. 2, 23, 43;

    2, 28, 51: civitas,

    id. ib. 2, 29, 52:

    insignia,

    id. ib. 2, 17, 31:

    ornatus,

    id. ib. 2, 21, 38; id. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:

    apparatus,

    id. Rep. 6, 10, 10:

    exercitus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 104:

    praefectus,

    id. ib. 3, 104 et saep.: anni, i. e. the reign of the kings (at Rome), Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 29; 2, 30, 53:

    auctio,

    i. e. of royal property, Plin. 29, 4, 30, § 96:

    ales,

    i. e. the eagle, Ov. M. 4, 362:

    genus imperii proximum similitudini regiae,

    very much resembling regal power, Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 56:

    bellum,

    with a king, id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:

    regios nutus tueri,

    purposes, id. Fam 12, 1, 1:

    regia, crede mihi, res est succurrere lapsis,

    befitting kings, Ov. P. 2, 9, 11; cf.:

    regia res scelus est,

    id. F. 6, 595:

    sponsus,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 10:

    genus,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 15:

    sanguis,

    id. ib. 3, 27, 65:

    stirps,

    Curt. 6, 2, 8:

    virgo,

    princess, Ov. M. 2, 570; 13, 523:

    puer,

    Verg. A. 1, 677:

    conjux,

    id. ib. 2, 783:

    parens,

    Ov. M. 13, 484:

    legatio,

    Liv. 35, 32:

    imperium,

    Sen. Med. 189:

    cohors,

    Curt. 10, 7, 16:

    interitus regii,

    Val. Max. 1, 8, 11: superbum [p. 1551] istud et regium, nisi, etc., Plin. Pan. 7, 6.—Hence, esp.:

    lex regia,

    a law investing the emperor with all the power and authority of the Roman people, Just. Inst. 1, 2, 6 Sandars ad loc.—As subst.
    A.
    Rē-gĭi, ōrum, m.
    1.
    (Sc. milites.) The royal troops, the king ' s soldiers, Nep. Dat. 1, 4.—
    2. B.
    rēgĭa, ae, f.
    1.
    (Sc. domus.) A royal palace, castle, fortress, residence, the court (cf.:

    aula, palatium): in regia regem ipsum quasi productum esse ad dignitatem,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52; Caes. B. C. 3, 112:

    in vestibulo regiae,

    Liv. 1, 40:

    exaedificata,

    id. 35, 31:

    regiam occupare,

    Hor. C. 2, 18, 6; Ov. F. 4, 599:

    opulenta,

    Cat. 62, 44:

    Polycratis regia,

    Suet. Calig. 21.—
    b.
    In partic., the royal castle of Numa, situated on the Sacra Via, close by the temple of Vesta, used subsequently for priestly purposes (for appointed sacrifices, for meetings of the priests, as a residence of the Pontifex, etc.): haec est a sacris quae via nomen habet; Hic locus est Vestae, qui Pallada servat et ignem;

    Hic fuit antiqui regia parva Numae,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 30; cf. id. F. 6, 264; Varr. L. L. 6, § 12 Müll.; Fest. p. 178 ib.; Macr. S. 1, 15; 16; S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2; Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 6; Serv. Verg. A. 8, 363; Cic. Mil. 14, 37 Ascon.; id. Att. 10, 3, a, 1; Plin. 34, 8, 18, § 48 al.— Hence, atrium regium, the hall of this regia, Liv. 26, 27, 3.—
    c.
    Transf.
    (α).
    The royal tent in a camp, Liv. 2, 12, 10; cf.:

    armatus exercitus regiam obsedit,

    Curt. 9, 5, 30; 6, 2, 9:

    vestibulum regiae,

    id. 7, 1, 4. —
    (β).
    The court, i. e. the royal family, the king and his courtiers (cf. aula;

    first under Aug.): tulit et Romana regia sceleris tragici exemplum,

    Liv. 1, 46:

    quicunque propinquitate regiam contigisset,

    id. 24, 22 fin.; Tac. A. 6, 34:

    Callistus prioris quoque regiae peritus,

    id. ib. 11, 29; cf. id. ib. 14, 13; Petr. poët. 5, 4; Curt. 6, 6, 2.—
    * (γ).
    Poet., like aula, a court for the cattle, cattle-yard:

    gregis regia,

    Val. Fl. 5, 67.—
    2.
    (Sc. urbs.) A royal city, residence, capital ( poet. and in postAug. prose):

    Croesi regia Sardes,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 2:

    non haec dotalis regia Amatae, i. e. Laurentum,

    Verg. A. 9, 737:

    Caesarea, Jubae regia,

    Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20.—
    3.
    A pure Lat. name for basilica, a colonnade, portico, hall (not ante-Aug.): dum lectica ex regiā domum redeo, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 76:

    theatri,

    Suet. Aug. 31 fin.; Ascon. ap. Cic. Aem. Scaur. § 45 (p. 27 Orell.); cf. Vitr. 5, 7 fin.; Stat. S. 1, 1, 30. —
    4.
    A pure Lat. name for the plant basilisca (v. h. v.), App. Herb. 128. —
    II.
    Trop., royal, regal, princely, splendid, magnificent, distinguished (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose for the class. regalis):

    forma,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 10:

    moles,

    splendid edifices, Hor. C. 2, 15, 1:

    vestis,

    Vulg. Act. 12, 21.—

    As an epithet of any remarkable production of nature or art: olea,

    Col. 5, 8, 3; 12, 49, 2; 7:

    pira,

    id. 5, 10, 18; 12, 10, 4; Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 56;

    laurus,

    id. 15, 30, 39, § 129:

    charta,

    Cat. 22, 6 et saep.: regius morbus, the jaundice (because it was said to be cured by delicate remedies, by exciting to cheerfulness, etc.), Cels. 3, 24; Varr. ap. Plin. 22, 24, 53, § 114; Ser. Samm. 58, 1033; Hor. A. P. 453: regia stella, a large star in the constellation Leo, now called Regulus, Plin. 18, 26, 64, § 235. — Hence, adv.: rēgĭē, royally, regally, splendidly, sumptuously, magnificently; imperiously, despotically:

    accubabo regie,

    Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 53:

    regie polita aedificia,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10:

    quae regie seu potius tyrannice statuit in aratores Apronius,

    imperiously, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 115:

    crudeliter et regie factum,

    id. Cat. 1, 12, 30.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > regius

  • 103 reperio

    rĕ-pĕrĭo, repperi (less correctly reperi), rĕpertum, 4 (old fut. reperibit, Caecil. ap. Non. 508, 16:

    reperibitur,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 48; Pompon. ap. Non. 1. 1.; inf. reperirier, Plaut. Truc. 4, 1, 1; Lucr. 4, 480), v. a. [pario] (orig., perh., to procure or find again; hence), in gen., to find, meet with, find out, either by searching or by accident (cf.: invenio, offendo, nanciscor).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ego illam reperiam,

    will find her again, will find her out, Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 32:

    Glycerium suos parentes repperit,

    Ter. And. 4, 5, 11; 5, 6, 5:

    perscrutabor fanum, si inveniam uspiam Aurum: sed si repperero, etc.,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 14:

    quid repperisti? Non quod pueri clamitant in fabā se repperisse,

    id. ib. 5, 10; cf. id. Bacch. 3, 6, 33:

    facile invenies pejorem... meliorem neque tu reperies, etc.,

    id. Stich. 1, 2, 53:

    curculiones in tritico,

    id. Curc. 4, 4, 31; cf. Ov. M. 1, 654:

    aliquem hominem,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 8:

    multos,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 28:

    mortui sunt reperti,

    id. Tusc. 1, 47, 114:

    puerum aut puellam sibi recens natum,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 16:

    ibi quoque equi caput repertum,

    Just. 18, 5, 16:

    ceterarum artium repertos antistites agriculturae neque discipulos neque praeceptores inventos,

    Col. 11, 1, 10:

    divitiis incubare repertis,

    Verg. A. 6, 610. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to find, find out, discern; to get, procure, obtain:

    occasionem,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 4, 9:

    propter paupertatem nomen,

    id. Stich. 11, 3, 22:

    gloriam armis,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60:

    quamvis malam rem quaeris, illic reperias,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 153; cf.:

    si quaerimus, cur, etc.... causas reperiemus verissimas duas,

    Cic. Brut. 95, 325:

    rem repperi omnem ex tuo magistro, ne nega,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 37:

    verae amicitiae difficillime reperiuntur in iis, qui, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 17, 64:

    nec quicquam difficilius quam reperire, quod sit omni ex parte in suo genere perfectum,

    id. ib. 21, 79:

    nec vos exitum reperitis,

    id. N. D. 1, 38, 107:

    perpauci lintribus inventis sibi salutem reppererunt,

    found, obtained, Caes. B. G. 1, 53 Oud. N. cr.:

    aristolochia nomen ex inventore reperit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16: sollicitudinis finem, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 4:

    cujus praeclara apud Vergilium multa exempla reperio,

    Quint. 8, 3, 79; cf. in pass., id. 1, 5, 43:

    quibus (armis) quemadmodum salutariter uterentur, non reperiebant,

    Cic. Brut. 2, 8. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    With a double predicate, to find, discover, perceive, learn, ascertain a thing to be in any manner:

    qui invident, omnes inimicos mihi istoc facto repperi,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 6:

    hoc si secus reperies, nullam causam dico,

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 92:

    quam paucos reperias meretricibus Fideles evenire amatores,

    Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 3:

    re ipsā repperi, Facilitate nihil esse homini melius,

    id. Ad. 5, 4, 6; cf.:

    cum transgressos repperisset consules,

    Vell. 2, 50, 1:

    quorum de moribus Caesar cum quaereret, sic reperiebat,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

    neque, quanta esset insulae magnitudo, reperire poterat,

    id. ib. 4, 20;

    1, 50: Caesar repperit ab Suevis auxilia missa,

    id. ib. 6, 9:

    repperit esse vera,

    id. ib. 1, 18:

    quem Tarentum venisse reperio,

    Cic. Sen. 4, 10.— So pass., with a double subject (i.e. with a predicate nom.), to be found, discovered, recognized to be any thing:

    quos cum censeas Esse amicos, reperiuntur falsi falsimoniis,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3. 6, 12:

    ingrato ingratus repertus est,

    id. Pers. 5, 2, 59:

    improbissimus reperiebare,

    Cic. Quint. 20, 56:

    ceteris rebus aut pares aut etiam inferiores reperiemur, religione multo superiores,

    id. N. D. 2, 3, 8; id. Fl. 38, 94.— With inf.:

    quoniam duplex natura duarum Dissimilis rerum longe constare reperta'st,

    Lucr. 1, 504:

    Sybarim et Crotonem et in eas Italiae partes Pythagoras venisse reperitur,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 28:

    nec ulli periisse nisi in proelio reperiuntur,

    Suet. Caes. 75.—
    2.
    To find out, hit upon, invent, devise, discover (freq. after the Aug. period; cf. repertor;

    whereas invenire is used in this signif. in all periods): reperi, comminiscere, cedo calidum consilium cito,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 71; cf.:

    aliquid calidi consilii,

    id. Ep. 2, 2, 71:

    sibi aliquam astutiam,

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 7:

    repperisti tibi quod placeat,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 35; 3, 2, 22:

    consilium,

    id. Phorm. 1, 4, 1:

    causam,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 4:

    mihimet ineunda ratio et via reperiunda est, quā, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 46, § 110:

    nihil novi reperiens,

    id. Ac. 2, 6, 16:

    hoc reperire difficilius, quam, cum inveneris, argumentis adjuvare,

    Quint. 5, 10, 116:

    reperta verba (opp. nativa),

    id. 8, 3, 36:

    medicina ex observatione salubrium reperta est,

    id. 2, 17, 4; 9, 4, 114:

    ludusque (scaenicus) repertus,

    Hor. A. P. 405:

    serrae reperit usum,

    Ov. M. 8, 246; 1, 687:

    repertā nuper conjuratione,

    discovered, Tac. A. 16, 15; cf.:

    posterius res inventa est aurumque repertum,

    Lucr. 5, 1112; 1240:

    in quarum exercitationem reperta est (declamatio),

    Quint. 2, 10, 4; 4, 2, 21; 4, 3, 2; 8, 3, 72; 12, 10, 72; Tac. Agr. 19.— With dat., Quint. 8, 6, 19.— With object-clause:

    Indi gemmas crystallum tingendo adulterare repererunt,

    Plin. 35, 5, 20, § 79 (where, however, Jahn reads invenerunt).—Hence, rĕperta, ōrum, n., inventions (mostly in Lucr.):

    exponunt praeclara reperta,

    Lucr. 1, 732; 136; 5, 2; 13; 6, 7;

    and (perh. in imitation),

    Rhem. Fan. Pond. 15.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > reperio

  • 104 reperta

    rĕ-pĕrĭo, repperi (less correctly reperi), rĕpertum, 4 (old fut. reperibit, Caecil. ap. Non. 508, 16:

    reperibitur,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 48; Pompon. ap. Non. 1. 1.; inf. reperirier, Plaut. Truc. 4, 1, 1; Lucr. 4, 480), v. a. [pario] (orig., perh., to procure or find again; hence), in gen., to find, meet with, find out, either by searching or by accident (cf.: invenio, offendo, nanciscor).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ego illam reperiam,

    will find her again, will find her out, Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 32:

    Glycerium suos parentes repperit,

    Ter. And. 4, 5, 11; 5, 6, 5:

    perscrutabor fanum, si inveniam uspiam Aurum: sed si repperero, etc.,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 14:

    quid repperisti? Non quod pueri clamitant in fabā se repperisse,

    id. ib. 5, 10; cf. id. Bacch. 3, 6, 33:

    facile invenies pejorem... meliorem neque tu reperies, etc.,

    id. Stich. 1, 2, 53:

    curculiones in tritico,

    id. Curc. 4, 4, 31; cf. Ov. M. 1, 654:

    aliquem hominem,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 8:

    multos,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 28:

    mortui sunt reperti,

    id. Tusc. 1, 47, 114:

    puerum aut puellam sibi recens natum,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 16:

    ibi quoque equi caput repertum,

    Just. 18, 5, 16:

    ceterarum artium repertos antistites agriculturae neque discipulos neque praeceptores inventos,

    Col. 11, 1, 10:

    divitiis incubare repertis,

    Verg. A. 6, 610. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to find, find out, discern; to get, procure, obtain:

    occasionem,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 4, 9:

    propter paupertatem nomen,

    id. Stich. 11, 3, 22:

    gloriam armis,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60:

    quamvis malam rem quaeris, illic reperias,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 153; cf.:

    si quaerimus, cur, etc.... causas reperiemus verissimas duas,

    Cic. Brut. 95, 325:

    rem repperi omnem ex tuo magistro, ne nega,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 37:

    verae amicitiae difficillime reperiuntur in iis, qui, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 17, 64:

    nec quicquam difficilius quam reperire, quod sit omni ex parte in suo genere perfectum,

    id. ib. 21, 79:

    nec vos exitum reperitis,

    id. N. D. 1, 38, 107:

    perpauci lintribus inventis sibi salutem reppererunt,

    found, obtained, Caes. B. G. 1, 53 Oud. N. cr.:

    aristolochia nomen ex inventore reperit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16: sollicitudinis finem, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 4:

    cujus praeclara apud Vergilium multa exempla reperio,

    Quint. 8, 3, 79; cf. in pass., id. 1, 5, 43:

    quibus (armis) quemadmodum salutariter uterentur, non reperiebant,

    Cic. Brut. 2, 8. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    With a double predicate, to find, discover, perceive, learn, ascertain a thing to be in any manner:

    qui invident, omnes inimicos mihi istoc facto repperi,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 6:

    hoc si secus reperies, nullam causam dico,

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 92:

    quam paucos reperias meretricibus Fideles evenire amatores,

    Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 3:

    re ipsā repperi, Facilitate nihil esse homini melius,

    id. Ad. 5, 4, 6; cf.:

    cum transgressos repperisset consules,

    Vell. 2, 50, 1:

    quorum de moribus Caesar cum quaereret, sic reperiebat,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

    neque, quanta esset insulae magnitudo, reperire poterat,

    id. ib. 4, 20;

    1, 50: Caesar repperit ab Suevis auxilia missa,

    id. ib. 6, 9:

    repperit esse vera,

    id. ib. 1, 18:

    quem Tarentum venisse reperio,

    Cic. Sen. 4, 10.— So pass., with a double subject (i.e. with a predicate nom.), to be found, discovered, recognized to be any thing:

    quos cum censeas Esse amicos, reperiuntur falsi falsimoniis,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3. 6, 12:

    ingrato ingratus repertus est,

    id. Pers. 5, 2, 59:

    improbissimus reperiebare,

    Cic. Quint. 20, 56:

    ceteris rebus aut pares aut etiam inferiores reperiemur, religione multo superiores,

    id. N. D. 2, 3, 8; id. Fl. 38, 94.— With inf.:

    quoniam duplex natura duarum Dissimilis rerum longe constare reperta'st,

    Lucr. 1, 504:

    Sybarim et Crotonem et in eas Italiae partes Pythagoras venisse reperitur,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 28:

    nec ulli periisse nisi in proelio reperiuntur,

    Suet. Caes. 75.—
    2.
    To find out, hit upon, invent, devise, discover (freq. after the Aug. period; cf. repertor;

    whereas invenire is used in this signif. in all periods): reperi, comminiscere, cedo calidum consilium cito,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 71; cf.:

    aliquid calidi consilii,

    id. Ep. 2, 2, 71:

    sibi aliquam astutiam,

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 7:

    repperisti tibi quod placeat,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 35; 3, 2, 22:

    consilium,

    id. Phorm. 1, 4, 1:

    causam,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 4:

    mihimet ineunda ratio et via reperiunda est, quā, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 46, § 110:

    nihil novi reperiens,

    id. Ac. 2, 6, 16:

    hoc reperire difficilius, quam, cum inveneris, argumentis adjuvare,

    Quint. 5, 10, 116:

    reperta verba (opp. nativa),

    id. 8, 3, 36:

    medicina ex observatione salubrium reperta est,

    id. 2, 17, 4; 9, 4, 114:

    ludusque (scaenicus) repertus,

    Hor. A. P. 405:

    serrae reperit usum,

    Ov. M. 8, 246; 1, 687:

    repertā nuper conjuratione,

    discovered, Tac. A. 16, 15; cf.:

    posterius res inventa est aurumque repertum,

    Lucr. 5, 1112; 1240:

    in quarum exercitationem reperta est (declamatio),

    Quint. 2, 10, 4; 4, 2, 21; 4, 3, 2; 8, 3, 72; 12, 10, 72; Tac. Agr. 19.— With dat., Quint. 8, 6, 19.— With object-clause:

    Indi gemmas crystallum tingendo adulterare repererunt,

    Plin. 35, 5, 20, § 79 (where, however, Jahn reads invenerunt).—Hence, rĕperta, ōrum, n., inventions (mostly in Lucr.):

    exponunt praeclara reperta,

    Lucr. 1, 732; 136; 5, 2; 13; 6, 7;

    and (perh. in imitation),

    Rhem. Fan. Pond. 15.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > reperta

  • 105 repeto

    rĕ-pĕto, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 3, v. a., to fall upon or attack again or anew, to strike again (syn. repercutio).
    I.
    Lit. (in gen. not till after the Aug. per.):

    regem repetitum saepius cuspide ad terram affixit,

    after he had repeatedly attacked him, Liv. 4, 19; cf.:

    mulam calcibus et canem morsu,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 27, 1:

    repetita per ilia ferrum,

    Ov. M. 4, 733; 6, 562.— Absol.:

    bis cavere, bis repetere,

    to attack twice, Quint. 5, 13, 54:

    signum erat omnium, Repete!

    strike again, Suet. Calig. 58:

    ad Nolam armis repetendam,

    Liv. 9, 28:

    repetitus toxico,

    id. Claud. 44. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To prosecute again:

    condicione propositā, ut, si quem quis repetere vellet, par periculum poenae subiret,

    Suet. Aug. 32; id. Dom. 8 and 9; Dig. 48, 2, 3; 48, 16, 10; 15.—
    2.
    To seek again; to go back to, return to, revisit a person or thing.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    fratresque virumque,

    Ov. H. 3, 143:

    Nearchum,

    Hor. C. 3, 20, 6:

    Penates, ab orā Hispanā,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 3:

    viam, quā venisset,

    to retrace, Liv. 35, 28; cf. id. 9, 2, 8:

    castra,

    id. 31, 21; Suet. Tib. 12:

    domum,

    Hor. C. 1, 15, 6; Ov. P. 4, 4, 41; id. M. 3, 204:

    patriam,

    id. H. 18, 123; Just. 32, 3, 7:

    Africam,

    Liv. 25. 27:

    locum,

    id. 3, 63:

    retro Apuliam,

    id. 22, 18; cf. id. 31, 45 fin.; 40, 58 fin.:

    rursus Bithyniam,

    Suet. Caes. 2:

    urbem atque ordinem senatorium,

    id. Vit. 1:

    paludes,

    Hor. C. 3, 27, 9:

    cavum,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 33:

    praesepia,

    Verg. E. 7, 39:

    urbem,

    id. A. 2, 749:

    Macedoniam,

    Nep. Eum. 6, 1:

    pugnam (shortly before, redire in pugnam),

    Liv. 37, 43:

    expeditionem,

    Suet. Claud. 1.—
    (β).
    With prep.:

    onerarias retro in Africam repetere,

    Liv. 25, 25 fin. Drak.:

    ad vada,

    Verg. Cul. 104:

    ad prima vestigia,

    Grat. Cyn. 245.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    quid enim repetiimus (sc. patriam)?

    Liv. 5, 51.—Freq. in medic. lang., to return, recur:

    morbi repetunt,

    Cels. 2, 1; 3, 22; 4, 4; 14 al. —
    II.
    Transf. (class.).
    A.
    To fetch, bring, or take back (cf. revoco).
    1.
    Lit.:

    filium istinc repetere,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 72:

    repudiatus repetor,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 14:

    Lysias est Atticus, quamquam Timaeus eum quasi Liciniā et Muciā lege repetit Syracusas,

    Cic. Brut. 16, 63:

    qui maxime me repetistis atque revocastis,

    id. Dom. 57, 144:

    navigo in Ephesum, ut aurum repetam ab Theotimo domum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 6, 7:

    ad haec (impedimenta) repetenda,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 76:

    aliquid ab Urbe,

    Suet. Calig. 39; cf.:

    thoracem Magni Alexandri e conditorio ejus,

    id. ib. 52 fin.:

    partem reliquam copiarum continenti,

    id. Aug. 16:

    alii (elephanti) deinde repetiti ac trajecti sunt,

    others were then brought and passed over, Liv. 21, 28:

    ut alium repetat in eundem rogum,

    Sen. Oedip. 61. —
    2.
    Trop., in partic.
    a.
    To take hold of or undertake again; to enter upon again; to recommence, resume, renew, repeat an action, a speech, etc. (cf.:

    renovo, restauro): praetermissa repetimus, incohata persequimur,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 51:

    longo intervallo haec studia repetentem,

    id. Fat. 2, 4; id. Att. 15, 11, 1:

    oratio carens hac virtute (sc. ordine) necesse est multa repetat, multa transeat,

    Quint. 7, prooem. §

    3: ad verbum repetita reddantur,

    id. 11, 2, 39 et saep.:

    eadem vetera consilia,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17:

    hoc primus repetas opus, hoc postremus omittas,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 48:

    susurri Compositā repetantur horā,

    id. C. 1, 9, 20:

    relicta,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 97:

    verba,

    Ov. H. 20, 9:

    audita,

    id. ib. 20, 193:

    repetitum Mulciber aevum Poscit,

    id. M. 9, 422:

    auspicia de integro,

    Liv. 5, 17:

    pugnam,

    id. 10, 36 acrius bellum, Just. 12, 2, 13:

    iter,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 747:

    sollemnia,

    Tac. A. 3, 6 fin.:

    spectacula ex antiquitate,

    to restore, Suet. Claud. 21; cf.:

    genera ignominiarum ex antiquitate,

    id. Tib. 19:

    legatum,

    Dig. 30, 1, 32:

    usum fructum,

    ib. 7, 4, 3.— With de:

    de mutatione litterarum nihil repetere hic necesse est,

    Quint. 1, 7, 13.— With object-clause:

    repetam necesse est, infinitas esse species,

    Quint. 6, 3, 101; 46: ut repetam coeptum pertexere dictis, Lucr. 1, 418; cf.:

    commemorare res,

    id. 6, 936.— Poet.: rĕpĕtītus, a, um, as an adv., repeatedly, anew, again:

    repetita suis percussit pectora palmis,

    Ov. M. 5, 473; 12, 287:

    robora caedit,

    id. ib. 8, 769:

    vellera mollibat longo tractu,

    by drawing out repeatedly, id. ib. 6, 20; cf.:

    haec decies repetita placebit,

    Hor. A. P. 365. —
    b.
    In discourse, to draw, deduce, derive from anywhere; to go back to, begin from anywhere (cf. deduco):

    populum a stirpe,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21:

    repetere populi originem,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 3:

    ipsius juris ortum a fonte... stirpem juris a naturā,

    id. Leg. 1, 6, 20:

    usque a Corace nescio quo et Tisiā,

    id. de Or. 1, 20, 91; 2, 2, 6:

    ab ultimā antiquitate,

    id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:

    brevis erit narratio, si non ab ultimo repetetur,

    id. Inv. 1, 20, 28; Quint. 5, 10, 83:

    aliquid a Platonis auctoritate,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 34:

    ingressio non ex oratoriis disputationibus ducta sed e mediā philosophiā repetita,

    id. Or. 3, 11:

    res remotas ex litterarum monumentis,

    id. Inv. 1, 1, 1: initia amicitiae ex parentibus nostris, Bithyn. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 16 init.:

    verba ex ultimis tenebris, ex vetustate,

    Quint. 8, 3, 25; 11, 1, 49; 1, 4, 4:

    alte vero et, ut oportet, a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18:

    tam longa et tam alte repetita oratio,

    id. de Or. 3, 24, 91; id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    repetam paulo altius, etc.,

    id. Clu. 24, 66:

    altius omnem Expediam primā repetens ab origine famam,

    Verg. G. 4, 286; so,

    altius,

    Quint. 5, 7, 27; 6, 2, 2; 11, 1, 62; Suet. Ner. 2:

    transilire ante pedes posita et alia longe repetita sumere,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 160; so,

    longe,

    id. Fam. 13, 29, 2; id. Div. 2, 58, 119:

    longius,

    id. Inv. 1, 49, 91; Quint. 5, 7, 17; 5, 11, 23:

    repetitis atque enumeratis diebus,

    reckoned backwards, Caes. B. C. 3, 105; so,

    repetitis diebus ex die vulneris,

    Dig. 9, 2, 51, § 2:

    repetitā die,

    ib. 10, 4, 9, § 6; 39, 2, 15, § 31; 43, 19, 1, § 10; 22, 4, 3.—
    c.
    Repetere aliquid memoriā, memoriam rei, or (rarely without memoriā) aliquid, to call up again in the mind; to call to mind, recall, recollect (cf.:

    revoco, recordor): cogitanti mihi saepenumero et memoriā vetera repetenti,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Fam. 11, 27, 2; id. Rep. 1, 8, 13; Verg. A. 1, 372:

    repete memoriā tecum, quando, etc.,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 3, 3; cf. with object-clause: memoriā repeto, diem esse hodiernum, quo, etc., Scipio Afric. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3; Quint. 1, 6, 10:

    repete temporis illius memoriam,

    Cic. Deiot. 7, 20; id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:

    memoriam ex annalibus,

    Liv. 8, 18:

    veteris cujusdam memoriae recordationem,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 4.—Without memoriā:

    reminisci quom ea, quae tenuit mens ac memoria, cogitando repetuntur,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 44 Müll.:

    si omnium mearum praecepta litterarum repetes, intelleges, etc.,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7:

    supra repetere et paucis instituta majorum disserere,

    Sall. C. 5, 9:

    unde tuos primum repetam, mea Cynthia, fastus,

    Prop. 1, 18, 5:

    cum repeto noctem, quā, etc.,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 3:

    te animo repetentem exempla tuorum,

    Verg. A. 12, 439.— With object-clause:

    repeto, me correptum ab eo, cur ambularem,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 16; 7, 6, 7; 13; Suet. Gram. 4:

    multum ante repetito, concordem sibi conjugem, etc.,

    Tac. A. 3, 33.— Absol.:

    inde usque repetens, hoc video,

    Cic. Arch. 1, 1:

    genitor mihi talia (namque Nunc repeto) Anchises fatorum arcana reliquit,

    Verg. A. 7, 123; 3, 184.—
    B.
    To ask, demand, or take again or back; to demand or claim what is due (syn. reposco).
    1.
    In gen.
    a.
    Lit.:

    si quis mutuom quid dederit, fit pro proprio perditum, quom repetas,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 45; cf. id. ib. 5, 2, 7:

    suom,

    id. Ps. 1, 3, 63:

    neque repeto pro illā quidquam abs te pretii,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 11:

    bona sua,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 13, § 32:

    abs te sestertium miliens ex lege,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 5, 19:

    ereptas pecunias,

    id. ib. 5, 18; cf.:

    quae erepta sunt,

    id. Sull. 32, 89:

    mea promissa,

    id. Planc. 42, 101:

    obsides,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

    urbes bello superatas in antiquum jus,

    Liv. 35, 16, 6:

    Homerum Colophonii civem esse dicunt suum, Chii suum vindicant, Salaminii repetunt,

    Cic. Arch. 8, 19:

    Cicero Gallum a Verticone repetit, qui litteras ad Caesarem referat,

    applied again for, Caes. B. G. 5, 49:

    si forte suas repetitum venerit plumas,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 18:

    nec repetita sequi curet Proserpina matrem,

    Verg. G. 1, 39:

    Politorium rursus bello,

    to retake, Liv. 1, 33, 3.—
    b.
    Trop.: qui repetit eam, quam ego patri suo quondam spoponderim, dignitatem, Cic. Fl. 42, 106; cf.:

    pro eo (beneficio) gratiam repetere,

    Liv. 1, 47:

    civitatem in libertatem,

    id. 34, 22, 11:

    parentum poenas a consceleratissimis filiis,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 67:

    ab isto eas poenas vi repetisse, aliquo,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 163:

    ut ne mors quidem sit in repetendā libertate fugiendā,

    in the effort to recover, id. Phil. 10, 10, 20:

    libertatem per occasionem,

    Liv. 3, 49; cf.:

    dies ille libertatis improspere repetitae,

    Tac. A. 1, 8:

    beneficia ab aliquo,

    Sall. J. 96, 2:

    honores quasi debitos ab aliquo,

    id. ib. 85, 37:

    repete a me rempublicam,

    take back from me, Suet. Caes. 78: repetitumque, duobus uti mandaretur consulum nomen imperiumque, it was demanded again, that, etc., Liv. 3, 33: se repetere, to recover one ' s self, Sen. Ep. 104, 6.—
    2.
    In partic., publicists' and jurid. t. t.
    a.
    Of the fetiales: repetere res, to demand back from the enemy things which they had taken as booty; hence, in gen., to demand satisfaction:

    (fetiales) mittebantur antequam conciperetur (bellum), qui res repeterent,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 86 Müll.; Liv. 1, 32; 4, 30; 7, 6; 32; Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36:

    jure gentium res repeto,

    Sall. H. 3, 61, 17 Dietsch:

    amissa bello repetere,

    Just. 6, 6, 7; cf. clarigatio and clarigo. —
    b.
    In jurid. lang.: res repetere, to demand back or reclaim one ' s property before a court:

    in iis rebus repetendis, quae mancipi sunt,

    Cic. Mur. 2, 3.— Hence, transf., in gen., to seek to obtain, to reclaim: non ex jure manum consertum, sed magi' ferro Rem repetunt, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 277 Vahl.).—
    c.
    Pecuniae repetundae, or simply repetundae, money or other things extorted by a provincial governor, and that are to be restored (at a later period, referring to any bribed officer):

    L. Piso legem de pecuniis repetundis primus tulit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195; 2, 4, 25, § 56; id. Brut. 27, 106; id. Off. 2, 21, 75:

    quorum causā judicium de pecuniis repetundis est constitutum,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:

    clames te lege pecuniarum repetundarum non teneri,

    id. Clu. 53, 148:

    pecuniarum repetundarum reus,

    Sall. C. 18, 3:

    oppugnatus in judicio pecuniarum repetundarum,

    id. ib. 49, 2:

    quā lege a senatore ratio repeti solet de pecuniis repetundis,

    Cic. Clu. 37, 104:

    accusare de pecuniis repetundis,

    id. Rab. Post. 4, 9; id. Clu. 41, 114:

    cum de pecuniis repetundis nomen cujuspiam deferatur,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10:

    de pecuniis repetundis ad recuperatores itum est,

    Tac. A. 1, 74 fin. —With ellipsis of pecuniis:

    repetundarum causae, crimen, lex,

    Quint. 4, 2, 85; 5, 7, 5; 4, 2, 15; Tac. A. 4, 19; 13, 43; 12, 22; 13, 33; id. H. 1, 77; 4, 45; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 3:

    repetundarum reus,

    Val. Max. 9, 12, 7:

    repetundarum argui,

    Tac. A. 3, 33:

    accusare,

    Suet. Dom. 8:

    postulari,

    Tac. A. 3, 66; Suet. Caes. 4:

    absolvi,

    Tac. A. 13, 30:

    convinci,

    Suet. Caes. 43:

    damnari,

    Tac. A. 3, 70; 14, 28:

    teneri,

    id. ib. 11, 7: Pilius de repetundis eum postulavit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2 (for which, §

    3, de pecuniis repetundis): neque absolutus neque damnatus Servilius de repetundis,

    id. ib. §

    3: damnatum repetundis consularem virum,

    Suet. Oth. 2 fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > repeto

  • 106 resumo

    rĕ-sūmo, mpsi, mptum, 3, v. a., to take up again, take back, resume ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
    I.
    Lit. (terra) gentes omnis peperit et resumit denuo, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 64 Müll. (Epich. v. 4 Vahl. p. 168):

    positas (tabellas) resumit,

    Ov. M. 9, 524:

    tela,

    id. Am. 2, 9, 34:

    librum perlectum utique ex integro,

    Quint. 10, 1, 20:

    librum in manus,

    id. 10, 4, 3:

    pugillares,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 16:

    cito elapsum baculum,

    Suet. Ner 24:

    fuscinam,

    id. Calig. 30:

    arma,

    id. ib. 48; Tac. H. 2, 44; 4, 76 fin.:

    praetextas (opp. exuere),

    Plin. Pan. 61, 8:

    pennas,

    Ov. M. 4, 664:

    speciem caelestem,

    id. ib. 15, 743.—
    II.
    Trop.: instat anhelanti prohibetque resumere vires, to get or receive again, to recover, Ov. M. 9, 59; so,

    vires,

    id. ib. 9, 193; Just. 20, 5, 1; 24, 7, 1:

    potentiam,

    id. 6, 4, 1:

    interruptum somnum,

    Suet. Aug. 78:

    animum,

    id. Vit. 15:

    animam,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 25; cf.:

    resumpto spiritu recreatus est,

    Vulg. Judith, 13, 30:

    nomen gentile (opp. deponere),

    Suet. Ner. 41:

    sacramentum Vespasiani,

    Tac. H. 4, 37:

    militiam,

    id. ib. 2, 67; cf.

    pugnam,

    to renew, id. ib. 2, 41:

    hostilia,

    id. A. 12, 15:

    dominationem per arma,

    id. H. 5, 8:

    libertatem,

    id. A. 3, 40; 14, 31; Plin. Pan. 66, 2:

    curas,

    id. ib. 79, 5:

    nomen,

    id. Ep. 5, 6, 12:

    instituta cultumque patrium,

    Tac. H. 4, 64:

    voluptates (with repetere sollemnia),

    id. A. 3, 6 et saep.:

    aegrotantem,

    to restore, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 1, 3; 18, 105; id. Tard. 3, 7, 91.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > resumo

  • 107 seic

    sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.
    I.
    Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:

    sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,

    id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:

    facinus indignum Sic circumiri,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

    sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

    arare mavelim quam sic amare,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:

    sic se res habet,

    Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

    sic regii constiterant,

    Liv. 42, 58:

    sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,

    id. 3, 9, 1:

    sic ad Alpes perventum est,

    Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:

    sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,

    Cic. Or. 34, 121:

    cum sic affectos dimisisset,

    Liv. 21, 43, 1:

    sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

    sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,

    id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—
    2.
    In a parenthet. clause (= ita):

    quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,

    so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:

    commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,

    id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—
    3.
    Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.

    Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),

    Liv. 2, 46, 7:

    sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),

    Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:

    tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),

    id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

    sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),

    id. ib. 5, 20, 1:

    sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),

    id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:

    Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),

    id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

    sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),

    Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:

    sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),

    id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:

    sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

    haec sic audivi (= ita esse),

    id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:

    sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),

    Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

    quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),

    Ov. M. 5, 178.—
    4.
    As completing object, = hoc:

    iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:

    hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:

    sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),

    Ov. M. 15, 584:

    hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:

    sic faciendum est,

    Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—
    5.
    Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:

    sic vita hominum est (= talis),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

    vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,

    id. Or. 5, 18:

    familiaris noster—sic est enim,

    id. Att. 1, 18, 6:

    sic est vulgus,

    id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:

    sic, Crito, est hic,

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;

    si placeo, utere,

    id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:

    sic sententiest,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:

    sic est (= sic res se habet),

    that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

    qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,

    id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:

    nunc hoc profecto sic est,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:

    sic est. Non muto sententiam,

    Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—
    6.
    Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):

    sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:

    si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,

    id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

    mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:

    sic opus est (= hoc facere),

    Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—
    B.
    To express relations other than manner (rare).
    1.
    Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:

    sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,

    Liv. 1, 5, 4:

    sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,

    Cic. Brut. 42, 154:

    sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,

    Liv. 4, 11, 5:

    suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,

    Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —
    2.
    Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:

    reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,

    Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;

    sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),

    Tib. 4, 13, 6:

    Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),

    Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:

    sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),

    Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—
    3.
    Of intensity:

    non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),

    Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.
    II.
    Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):

    ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:

    tum Varro ita exorsus est,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):

    puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:

    sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,

    id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:

    salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,

    Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:

    Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,

    Cic. Planc. 31, 76:

    res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,

    the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:

    sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,

    Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—
    2.
    Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:

    ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—
    3.
    For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):

    disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,

    Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:

    mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.
    III.
    As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;

    mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,

    as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:

    sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,

    id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:

    nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,

    Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:

    sic ad me, miserande, redis?

    Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:

    Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:

    non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?

    id. ib. 2, 4, 12:

    quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,

    Lucr. 5, 441.—

    Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,

    I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:

    sic dabo!

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:

    doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:

    sic furi datur,

    id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:

    sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),

    Liv. 1, 7, 2:

    sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,

    so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:

    sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),

    Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:

    sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,

    Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).
    IV.
    As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.
    1.
    With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).
    (α).
    With ut:

    ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

    ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,

    id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

    ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

    ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,

    id. Brut. 11, 42:

    sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,

    id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:

    ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,

    id. Brut. 31, 117:

    de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,

    id. Att. 4, 6, 1:

    sic est ut narro tibi,

    Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:

    ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:

    ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,

    Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—
    (β).
    With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:

    quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,

    Liv. 3, 11, 3:

    sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—
    (γ).
    With sicut:

    tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,

    Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—
    (δ).
    With velut:

    velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,

    Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—
    (ε).
    With tamquam:

    tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,

    Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:

    quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?

    Liv. 10, 8:

    sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—
    (ζ).
    With quasi:

    hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,

    Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

    ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

    Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:

    ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—
    (η).
    With quomodo:

    quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,

    Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:

    sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,

    id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—
    (θ).
    With ceu:

    ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,

    Verg. A. 2, 438.—
    (ι).
    With quam:

    non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,

    Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—
    (κ).
    With quantus:

    nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,

    Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—
    (λ).
    With qualis:

    imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—
    (μ).
    Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:

    Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),

    Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—
    2.
    In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:

    consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),

    Liv. 4, 6, 2:

    ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,

    id. 6, 32, 6:

    (forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,

    Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):

    nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),

    Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:

    ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,

    id. Sen. 6, 20:

    utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,

    id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:

    ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,

    id. Sen. 20, 76:

    ut voce, sic etiam oratione,

    id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:

    ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,

    Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

    quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,

    id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —
    3.
    With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:

    sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,

    Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:

    eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

    id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

    sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,

    id. ib. 3, 12, 46:

    omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,

    id. Brut. 71, 250:

    omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,

    id. Or. 36, 125:

    sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,

    id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

    nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,

    id. Mil. 21, 56:

    sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,

    id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:

    mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,

    Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:

    sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,

    id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—
    4.
    With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:

    sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:

    conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:

    sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,

    id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:

    cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,

    id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—
    5.
    Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.
    a.
    Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:

    sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,

    Sen. Ep. 105, 3:

    sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,

    Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—
    b.
    Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):

    decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,

    that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:

    sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—
    6.
    Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—
    7.
    With inf. clause (freq.):

    sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,

    Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:

    sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

    ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):

    sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—
    8.
    With ut, expressing purpose or result:

    nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:

    ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

    sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.
    V.
    Idiomatic usages of sic.
    1.
    In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):

    parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),

    Tib. 2, 6, 30:

    annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,

    id. 2, 5, 121:

    pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,

    Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:

    Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,

    Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:

    sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),

    Verg. E. 9, 30:

    sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),

    id. ib. 10, 4:

    sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,

    Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:

    sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.

    also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),

    Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—
    2.
    Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):

    sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:

    Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:

    sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,

    Ov. M. 8, 866:

    sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,

    Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:

    vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,

    Tib. 2, 5, 63.—
    3.
    In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,

    but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:

    at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:

    quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,

    thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:

    si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:

    non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),

    naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

    sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,

    Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:

    me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,

    so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:

    sic sine malo,

    id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:

    at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,

    without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:

    hoc non poterit sic abire,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,

    sic abire,

    id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,
    (β).
    With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

    si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,

    id. As. 2, 4, 54:

    sine fores sic, abi,

    let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—
    (γ).
    Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:

    nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,

    narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:

    sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,

    even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,

    sic quoque fallebat,

    id. ib. 1, 698:

    sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,

    anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:

    sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,

    Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—
    4.
    Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:

    Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

    monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,

    Sen. Ep. 114.—
    5.
    In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > seic

  • 108 sic

    sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.
    I.
    Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:

    sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,

    id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:

    facinus indignum Sic circumiri,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

    sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

    arare mavelim quam sic amare,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:

    sic se res habet,

    Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

    sic regii constiterant,

    Liv. 42, 58:

    sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,

    id. 3, 9, 1:

    sic ad Alpes perventum est,

    Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:

    sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,

    Cic. Or. 34, 121:

    cum sic affectos dimisisset,

    Liv. 21, 43, 1:

    sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

    sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,

    id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—
    2.
    In a parenthet. clause (= ita):

    quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,

    so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:

    commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,

    id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—
    3.
    Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.

    Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),

    Liv. 2, 46, 7:

    sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),

    Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:

    tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),

    id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

    sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),

    id. ib. 5, 20, 1:

    sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),

    id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:

    Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),

    id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

    sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),

    Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:

    sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),

    id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:

    sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

    haec sic audivi (= ita esse),

    id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:

    sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),

    Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

    quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),

    Ov. M. 5, 178.—
    4.
    As completing object, = hoc:

    iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:

    hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:

    sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),

    Ov. M. 15, 584:

    hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:

    sic faciendum est,

    Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—
    5.
    Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:

    sic vita hominum est (= talis),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

    vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,

    id. Or. 5, 18:

    familiaris noster—sic est enim,

    id. Att. 1, 18, 6:

    sic est vulgus,

    id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:

    sic, Crito, est hic,

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;

    si placeo, utere,

    id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:

    sic sententiest,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:

    sic est (= sic res se habet),

    that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

    qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,

    id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:

    nunc hoc profecto sic est,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:

    sic est. Non muto sententiam,

    Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—
    6.
    Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):

    sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:

    si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,

    id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

    mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:

    sic opus est (= hoc facere),

    Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—
    B.
    To express relations other than manner (rare).
    1.
    Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:

    sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,

    Liv. 1, 5, 4:

    sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,

    Cic. Brut. 42, 154:

    sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,

    Liv. 4, 11, 5:

    suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,

    Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —
    2.
    Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:

    reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,

    Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;

    sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),

    Tib. 4, 13, 6:

    Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),

    Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:

    sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),

    Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—
    3.
    Of intensity:

    non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),

    Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.
    II.
    Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):

    ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:

    tum Varro ita exorsus est,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):

    puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:

    sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,

    id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:

    salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,

    Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:

    Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,

    Cic. Planc. 31, 76:

    res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,

    the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:

    sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,

    Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—
    2.
    Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:

    ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—
    3.
    For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):

    disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,

    Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:

    mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.
    III.
    As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;

    mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,

    as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:

    sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,

    id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:

    nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,

    Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:

    sic ad me, miserande, redis?

    Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:

    Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:

    non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?

    id. ib. 2, 4, 12:

    quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,

    Lucr. 5, 441.—

    Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,

    I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:

    sic dabo!

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:

    doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:

    sic furi datur,

    id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:

    sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),

    Liv. 1, 7, 2:

    sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,

    so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:

    sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),

    Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:

    sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,

    Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).
    IV.
    As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.
    1.
    With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).
    (α).
    With ut:

    ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

    ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,

    id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

    ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

    ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,

    id. Brut. 11, 42:

    sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,

    id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:

    ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,

    id. Brut. 31, 117:

    de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,

    id. Att. 4, 6, 1:

    sic est ut narro tibi,

    Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:

    ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:

    ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,

    Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—
    (β).
    With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:

    quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,

    Liv. 3, 11, 3:

    sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—
    (γ).
    With sicut:

    tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,

    Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—
    (δ).
    With velut:

    velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,

    Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—
    (ε).
    With tamquam:

    tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,

    Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:

    quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?

    Liv. 10, 8:

    sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—
    (ζ).
    With quasi:

    hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,

    Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

    ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

    Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:

    ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—
    (η).
    With quomodo:

    quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,

    Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:

    sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,

    id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—
    (θ).
    With ceu:

    ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,

    Verg. A. 2, 438.—
    (ι).
    With quam:

    non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,

    Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—
    (κ).
    With quantus:

    nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,

    Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—
    (λ).
    With qualis:

    imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—
    (μ).
    Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:

    Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),

    Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—
    2.
    In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:

    consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),

    Liv. 4, 6, 2:

    ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,

    id. 6, 32, 6:

    (forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,

    Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):

    nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),

    Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:

    ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,

    id. Sen. 6, 20:

    utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,

    id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:

    ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,

    id. Sen. 20, 76:

    ut voce, sic etiam oratione,

    id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:

    ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,

    Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

    quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,

    id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —
    3.
    With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:

    sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,

    Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:

    eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

    id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

    sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,

    id. ib. 3, 12, 46:

    omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,

    id. Brut. 71, 250:

    omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,

    id. Or. 36, 125:

    sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,

    id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

    nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,

    id. Mil. 21, 56:

    sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,

    id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:

    mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,

    Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:

    sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,

    id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—
    4.
    With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:

    sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:

    conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:

    sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,

    id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:

    cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,

    id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—
    5.
    Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.
    a.
    Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:

    sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,

    Sen. Ep. 105, 3:

    sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,

    Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—
    b.
    Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):

    decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,

    that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:

    sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—
    6.
    Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—
    7.
    With inf. clause (freq.):

    sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,

    Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:

    sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

    ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):

    sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—
    8.
    With ut, expressing purpose or result:

    nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:

    ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

    sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.
    V.
    Idiomatic usages of sic.
    1.
    In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):

    parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),

    Tib. 2, 6, 30:

    annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,

    id. 2, 5, 121:

    pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,

    Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:

    Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,

    Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:

    sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),

    Verg. E. 9, 30:

    sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),

    id. ib. 10, 4:

    sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,

    Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:

    sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.

    also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),

    Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—
    2.
    Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):

    sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:

    Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:

    sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,

    Ov. M. 8, 866:

    sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,

    Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:

    vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,

    Tib. 2, 5, 63.—
    3.
    In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,

    but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:

    at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:

    quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,

    thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:

    si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:

    non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),

    naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

    sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,

    Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:

    me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,

    so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:

    sic sine malo,

    id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:

    at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,

    without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:

    hoc non poterit sic abire,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,

    sic abire,

    id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,
    (β).
    With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

    si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,

    id. As. 2, 4, 54:

    sine fores sic, abi,

    let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—
    (γ).
    Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:

    nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,

    narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:

    sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,

    even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,

    sic quoque fallebat,

    id. ib. 1, 698:

    sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,

    anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:

    sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,

    Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—
    4.
    Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:

    Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

    monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,

    Sen. Ep. 114.—
    5.
    In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sic

  • 109 sice

    sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.
    I.
    Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:

    sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,

    id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:

    facinus indignum Sic circumiri,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

    sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

    arare mavelim quam sic amare,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:

    sic se res habet,

    Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

    sic regii constiterant,

    Liv. 42, 58:

    sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,

    id. 3, 9, 1:

    sic ad Alpes perventum est,

    Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:

    sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,

    Cic. Or. 34, 121:

    cum sic affectos dimisisset,

    Liv. 21, 43, 1:

    sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

    sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,

    id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—
    2.
    In a parenthet. clause (= ita):

    quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,

    so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:

    commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,

    id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—
    3.
    Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.

    Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),

    Liv. 2, 46, 7:

    sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),

    Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:

    tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),

    id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

    sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),

    id. ib. 5, 20, 1:

    sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),

    id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:

    Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),

    id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

    sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),

    Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:

    sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),

    id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:

    sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

    haec sic audivi (= ita esse),

    id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:

    sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),

    Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

    quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),

    Ov. M. 5, 178.—
    4.
    As completing object, = hoc:

    iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:

    hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:

    sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),

    Ov. M. 15, 584:

    hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:

    sic faciendum est,

    Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—
    5.
    Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:

    sic vita hominum est (= talis),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

    vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,

    id. Or. 5, 18:

    familiaris noster—sic est enim,

    id. Att. 1, 18, 6:

    sic est vulgus,

    id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:

    sic, Crito, est hic,

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;

    si placeo, utere,

    id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:

    sic sententiest,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:

    sic est (= sic res se habet),

    that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

    qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,

    id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:

    nunc hoc profecto sic est,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:

    sic est. Non muto sententiam,

    Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—
    6.
    Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):

    sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:

    si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,

    id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

    mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:

    sic opus est (= hoc facere),

    Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—
    B.
    To express relations other than manner (rare).
    1.
    Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:

    sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,

    Liv. 1, 5, 4:

    sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,

    Cic. Brut. 42, 154:

    sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,

    Liv. 4, 11, 5:

    suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,

    Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —
    2.
    Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:

    reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,

    Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;

    sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),

    Tib. 4, 13, 6:

    Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),

    Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:

    sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),

    Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—
    3.
    Of intensity:

    non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),

    Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.
    II.
    Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):

    ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:

    tum Varro ita exorsus est,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):

    puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:

    sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,

    id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:

    salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,

    Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:

    Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,

    Cic. Planc. 31, 76:

    res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,

    the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:

    sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,

    Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—
    2.
    Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:

    ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—
    3.
    For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):

    disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,

    Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:

    mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.
    III.
    As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;

    mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,

    as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:

    sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,

    id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:

    nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,

    Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:

    sic ad me, miserande, redis?

    Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:

    Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:

    non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?

    id. ib. 2, 4, 12:

    quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,

    Lucr. 5, 441.—

    Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,

    I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:

    sic dabo!

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:

    doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:

    sic furi datur,

    id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:

    sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),

    Liv. 1, 7, 2:

    sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,

    so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:

    sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),

    Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:

    sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,

    Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).
    IV.
    As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.
    1.
    With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).
    (α).
    With ut:

    ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

    ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,

    id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

    ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

    ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,

    id. Brut. 11, 42:

    sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,

    id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:

    ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,

    id. Brut. 31, 117:

    de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,

    id. Att. 4, 6, 1:

    sic est ut narro tibi,

    Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:

    ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:

    ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,

    Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—
    (β).
    With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:

    quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,

    Liv. 3, 11, 3:

    sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—
    (γ).
    With sicut:

    tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,

    Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—
    (δ).
    With velut:

    velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,

    Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—
    (ε).
    With tamquam:

    tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,

    Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:

    quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?

    Liv. 10, 8:

    sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—
    (ζ).
    With quasi:

    hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,

    Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

    ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

    Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:

    ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—
    (η).
    With quomodo:

    quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,

    Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:

    sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,

    id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—
    (θ).
    With ceu:

    ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,

    Verg. A. 2, 438.—
    (ι).
    With quam:

    non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,

    Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—
    (κ).
    With quantus:

    nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,

    Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—
    (λ).
    With qualis:

    imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—
    (μ).
    Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:

    Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),

    Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—
    2.
    In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:

    consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),

    Liv. 4, 6, 2:

    ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,

    id. 6, 32, 6:

    (forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,

    Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):

    nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),

    Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:

    ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,

    id. Sen. 6, 20:

    utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,

    id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:

    ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,

    id. Sen. 20, 76:

    ut voce, sic etiam oratione,

    id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:

    ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,

    Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

    quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,

    id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —
    3.
    With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:

    sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,

    Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:

    eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

    id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

    sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,

    id. ib. 3, 12, 46:

    omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,

    id. Brut. 71, 250:

    omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,

    id. Or. 36, 125:

    sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,

    id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

    nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,

    id. Mil. 21, 56:

    sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,

    id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:

    mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,

    Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:

    sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,

    id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—
    4.
    With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:

    sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:

    conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:

    sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,

    id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:

    cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,

    id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—
    5.
    Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.
    a.
    Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:

    sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,

    Sen. Ep. 105, 3:

    sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,

    Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—
    b.
    Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):

    decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,

    that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:

    sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—
    6.
    Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—
    7.
    With inf. clause (freq.):

    sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,

    Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:

    sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

    ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):

    sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—
    8.
    With ut, expressing purpose or result:

    nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:

    ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

    sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.
    V.
    Idiomatic usages of sic.
    1.
    In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):

    parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),

    Tib. 2, 6, 30:

    annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,

    id. 2, 5, 121:

    pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,

    Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:

    Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,

    Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:

    sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),

    Verg. E. 9, 30:

    sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),

    id. ib. 10, 4:

    sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,

    Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:

    sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.

    also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),

    Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—
    2.
    Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):

    sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:

    Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:

    sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,

    Ov. M. 8, 866:

    sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,

    Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:

    vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,

    Tib. 2, 5, 63.—
    3.
    In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,

    but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:

    at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:

    quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,

    thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:

    si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:

    non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),

    naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

    sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,

    Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:

    me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,

    so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:

    sic sine malo,

    id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:

    at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,

    without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:

    hoc non poterit sic abire,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,

    sic abire,

    id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,
    (β).
    With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

    si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,

    id. As. 2, 4, 54:

    sine fores sic, abi,

    let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—
    (γ).
    Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:

    nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,

    narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:

    sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,

    even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,

    sic quoque fallebat,

    id. ib. 1, 698:

    sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,

    anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:

    sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,

    Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—
    4.
    Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:

    Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

    monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,

    Sen. Ep. 114.—
    5.
    In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sice

  • 110 signo

    signo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [signum], to set a mark upon, to mark, mark out, designate (syn.: noto, designo).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose): discrimen non facit neque signat linea alba, Lucil. ap. Non. 405, 17:

    signata sanguine pluma est,

    Ov. M. 6, 670:

    ne signare quidem aut partiri limite campum Fas erat,

    Verg. G. 1, 126:

    humum limite mensor,

    Ov. M. 1, 136; id. Am. 3, 8, 42:

    moenia aratro,

    id. F. 4, 819:

    pede certo humum,

    to print, press, Hor. A. P. 159; cf.:

    vestigia summo pulvere,

    to mark, imprint, Verg. G. 3, 171: auratā cyclade humum, Prop. 4 (5), 7, 40:

    haec nostro signabitur area curru,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 39:

    locum, ubi ea (cistella) excidit,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 28:

    caeli regionem in cortice signant,

    mark, cut, Verg. G. 2, 269:

    nomina saxo,

    Ov. M. 8, 539:

    rem stilo,

    Vell. 1, 16, 1:

    rem carmine,

    Verg. A. 3, 287;

    for which: carmine saxum,

    Ov. M. 2, 326:

    cubitum longis litteris,

    Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 7:

    ceram figuris,

    to imprint, Ov. M. 15, 169:

    cruor signaverat herbam,

    had stained, id. ib. 10, 210; cf. id. ib. 12, 125:

    signatum sanguine pectus,

    id. A. A. 2, 384:

    dubiā lanugine malas,

    id. M. 13, 754:

    signata in stirpe cicatrix,

    Verg. G. 2, 379:

    manibus Procne pectus signata cruentis,

    id. ib. 4, 15:

    vocis infinitios sonos paucis notis,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 2, 3:

    visum objectum imprimet et quasi signabit in animo suam speciem,

    id. Fat. 19, 43.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To mark with a seal; to seal, seal up, affix a seal to a thing (usually obsignare):

    accepi a te signatum libellum,

    Cic. Att. 11, 1, 1:

    volumina,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 2: locellum tibi signatum remisi, Caes. ap. Charis. p. 60 P.:

    epistula,

    Nep. Pel. 3, 2:

    arcanas tabellas,

    Ov. Am. 2, 15, 15:

    signatis quicquam mandare tabellis,

    Tib. 4, 7, 7:

    lagenam (anulus),

    Mart. 9, 88, 7:

    testamentum,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 8 sq.; cf. Mart. 5, 39, 2:

    nec nisi signata venumdabatur (terra),

    Plin. 35, 4, 14, § 33.— Absol., Mart. 10, 70, 7; Quint. 5, 7, 32; Suet. Ner. 17.—
    2.
    To mark with a stamp; hence,
    a.
    Of money, to stamp, to coin:

    aes argentum aurumve publice signanto,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6; cf.:

    qui primus ex auro denarium signavit... Servius rex primus signavit aes... Signatum est nota pecudum, unde et pecunia appellata... Argentum signatum est anno, etc.,

    Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 44:

    argentum signatum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 25, § 63; Quint. 5, 10, 62; 5, 14, 26:

    pecunia signata Illyriorum signo,

    Liv. 44, 27, 9:

    denarius signatus Victoriā,

    Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 46:

    sed cur navalis in aere Altera signata est,

    Ov. F. 1, 230:

    milia talentūm argenti non signati formā, sed rudi pondere,

    Curt. 5, 2, 11.— Hence,
    b.
    Poet.:

    signatum memori pectore nomen habe,

    imprinted, impressed, Ov. H. 13, 66:

    (filia) quae patriā signatur imagine vultus,

    i. e. closely resembles her father, Mart. 6, 27, 3.—
    c.
    To stamp, i. e. to license, invest with official authority (late Lat.):

    quidam per ampla spatia urbis... equos velut publicos signatis, quod dicitur, calceis agitant,

    Amm. 14, 6, 16.—
    3.
    Pregn., to distinguish, adorn, decorate ( poet.):

    pater ipse suo superūm jam signat honore,

    Verg. A. 6, 781 Heyne: caelum corona, Claud. Nupt. Hon. et Mar. 273.—
    II.
    Trop., to point out, signify, indicate, designate, express (rare; more usually significo, designo; in Cic. only Or. 19, 64, where dignata is given by Non. 281, 10;

    v. Meyer ad loc.): translatio plerumque signandis rebus ac sub oculos subiciendis reperta est,

    Quint. 8, 6, 19:

    quotiens suis verbis signare nostra voluerunt (Graeci),

    id. 2, 14, 1; cf.:

    appellatione signare,

    id. 4, 1, 2:

    utrius differentiam,

    id. 6, 2, 20; cf. id. 9, 1, 4; 12, 10, 16:

    nomen (Caieta) ossa signat,

    Verg. A. 7, 4:

    fama signata loco est,

    Ov. M. 14, 433:

    miratrixque sui signavit nomine terras,

    designated, Luc. 4, 655; cf.:

    (Earinus) Nomine qui signat tempora verna suo,

    Mart. 9, 17, 4:

    Turnus ut videt... So signari oculis,

    singled out, looked to, Verg. A. 12, 3: signare responsum, to give a definite or distinct answer, Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 1.—With rel.-clause:

    memoria signat in quā regione quali adjutore legatoque fratre meo usus sit,

    Vell. 2, 115.—
    B.
    To distinguish, recognize:

    primi clipeos mentitaque tela Adgnoscunt, atque ora sono discordia signant,

    Verg. A. 2, 423; cf.:

    sonis homines dignoscere,

    Quint. 11, 3, 31:

    animo signa quodcumque in corpore mendum est,

    Ov. R. Am. 417.—
    C.
    To seal, settle, establish, confirm, prescribe (mostly poet.):

    signanda sunt jura,

    Prop. 3 (4), 20, 15:

    signata jura,

    Luc. 3, 302: jura Suevis, Claud. ap. Eutr. 1, 380; cf.:

    precati deos ut velint ea (vota) semper solvi semperque signari,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 35 (44).—
    D.
    To close, end:

    qui prima novo signat quinquennia lustro,

    Mart. 4, 45, 3.—Hence,
    A.
    signan-ter, adv. (acc. to II. A.), expressly, clearly, distinctly (late Lat. for the class. significanter):

    signanter et breviter omnia indicare,

    Aus. Grat. Act. 4:

    signanter et proprie dixerat,

    Hier. adv. Jovin. 1, 13 fin.
    B.
    signātus, a, um, P. a.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 1. sealed; hence) Shut up, guarded, preserved (mostly ante- and post-class.): signata sacra, Varr. ap. Non. 397, 32: limina. Prop. 4 (5), 1, 145: Chrysidem negat signatam reddere, i. e. unharmed, intact, pure, Lucil. ap. Non. 171, 6; cf.:

    assume de viduis fide pulchram, aetate signatam,

    Tert. Exhort. 12.—
    2.
    (Acc. to II. A.) Plain, clear, manifest (post-class. for significans):

    quid expressius atque signatius in hanc causam?

    Tert. Res. Carn. 13.— Adv.: signātē, clearly, distinctly (post-class.):

    qui (veteres) proprie atque signate locuti sunt,

    Gell. 2, 6, 6; Macr. S. 6, 7.— Comp.:

    signatius explicare aliquid,

    Amm. 23, 6, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > signo

  • 111 socius

    sŏcĭus, a, um, adj. [root sec- of sequor], sharing, joining in, partaking, united, associated, kindred, allied, fellow (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf. subst. infra):

    hic (Augustus) socium cum Jove nomen habet,

    Ov. F. 1, 608:

    aurea possedit socio Capitolia templo Mater,

    i. e. in common with Jupiter, id. ib. 6, 73:

    regnum,

    id. M. 5, 378:

    classis,

    id. ib. 13, 352:

    sepulcrum,

    id. H. 11, 123:

    lectus,

    id. A. A. 2, 377:

    ignes,

    id. M. 9, 795:

    anni,

    id. H. 2, 33:

    linguae,

    id. Tr. 5, 10, 35:

    dei,

    id. F. 2, 618:

    spes,

    id. M. 13, 375:

    sociis quid noctibus uxor anxia,

    Stat. S. 3, 5, 1:

    platanus clara in Lyciā gelidi fontis sociā amoenitate,

    Plin. 12, 1, 5, § 9:

    potestas,

    Amm. 26, 2, 8.—
    II.
    Esp., leagued, allied, confederate:

    cura sociae retinendae urbis,

    Liv. 27, 1; so,

    urbs,

    id. 31, 24:

    civitates,

    id. 41, 6 fin.; Quint. 3, 8, 12; cf.:

    civitas nobis,

    Tac. A. 13, 57:

    agmina,

    Verg. A. 2, 371: manus, i. e. of the allies (in the Bellum Sociale), Ov. Am. 3, 15, 10:

    classis,

    id. M. 13, 352:

    arma,

    Sil. 7, 635.—Hence, substt
    A.
    sŏcĭus, i, m. ( gen. plur. socium, Liv. 43, 6, 12; 44, 21, 10; v. II. B. infra;

    also in the poets,

    Verg. A. 5, 174; Prop. 3, 7, 41; Neue, Formenl. 1, 112 sq.).
    1.
    In gen., fellow, sharer, partner, comrade, companion, associate (very freq. and class.;

    syn.: consors, particeps): belli particeps et socius et adjutor,

    Cic. Att. 9, 10, 5; cf.:

    consiliorum omnium particeps et socius paene regni,

    id. Rep. 2, 20, 35; cf.:

    regni sociis,

    Luc. 1, 92:

    hereditatis,

    Plin. Pan. 38:

    tuorum consiliorum (with particeps),

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 22:

    fortunarum omnium (with particeps),

    Cic. Font. 17, 37 (21, 47):

    me quidem certe tuarum actionum, sententiarum, rerum denique omnium socium comitemque habebis,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 22:

    praeter Laelium neminem habeo culpae socium,

    id. Att. 11, 14, 1:

    Agusius, omnium laborum, periculorum meorum socius,

    id. Fam. 13, 71:

    socius et consors gloriosi laboris,

    id. Brut. 1, 2; Sall. J. 29, 2:

    Romuli socius in Sabino proelio,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 8, 14; for which, with dat.:

    alicui socius,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 72:

    hunc cape consiliis socium,

    Verg. A. 5, 712:

    hos castris adhibe socios,

    id. 8, 56:

    socium esse in negotiis,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 9:

    quia sine sociis nemo quicquam tale conatur,

    Cic. Lael. 12, 42:

    socium ad malam rem quaerere,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 22:

    cum sociis operum,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 142:

    ante alios Infert se socium Aeneas,

    Verg. A. 4, 142:

    amissā sociorum parte,

    Ov. M. 14, 242.— Poet.:

    generis socii,

    i. e. relatives, Ov. M. 3, 259; cf.

    sanguinis,

    id. Tr. 4, 5, 29:

    tori,

    i. e. a spouse, consort, id. M. 14, 678.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    In mercant. lang., a copartner, partner in business:

    socii putandi sunt, quos inter res communicata est, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 20, § 50; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; id. Quint. 3, 12:

    nefarium est socium fallere qui se in negotio conjunxit,

    id. Rosc. Com. 6, 16.—So, socii, of the company of farmers of the public revenue, Cic. Fam. 13, 9, 3; Plin. 33, 7, 40, § 120; cf. societas, II. A. 2. —Hence,
    (β).
    Jurid. t. t.:

    pro socio (agere, damnari, etc.),

    for defrauding a partner, Cic. Fl. 18, 43; id. Quint. 3, 13; cf. Dig. 17, [p. 1716] tit. 2: Pro socio.—
    b.
    In publicists' lang., an ally, confederate (cf. foederatus); plur., Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 25:

    servate vestros socios,

    id. Cist. 1, 3, 51:

    Boios receptos ad se socios sibi asciscunt,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 5 fin.; 1, 11 fin.; 1, 14; 1, 15;

    1, 36: Cyprius rex, cujus majores huic populo socii atque amici semper fuerunt,

    Cic. Dom. 20, 52; Liv. 29, 17; 44, 1 et saep. al.;

    opp. hostes,

    Sall. C. 51, 38; id. J. 92, 2.— Sing.:

    socius et amicus populi Romani,

    Sall. J. 24, 3.—In the connection, socii et Latini, or, more freq., socii et nomen Latinum, the term socii denotes the Italian people dwelling out of Latium who were under the protection of and allied with Rome, the Italian allies, Cic. Lael. 3, 12; id. Rep. 6, 12, 12; id. Sest. 13, 30; id. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41; Sall. J. 39, 2; 42, 1:

    socii nomenque Latinum,

    id. ib. 43, 4 Kritz N. cr.; Liv. 29, 27;

    for which, also: socii ac nominis Latini,

    id. 41, 8;

    and without ellipsis: per homines nominis Latini et socios Italicos impedimenta parabant,

    Sall. J. 40, 2; cf.

    also: quos (milites) uti ex Latio et a sociis cogeret,

    id. ib. 95, 1. —The socii Latini nominis, on the other hand, are simply the Latin allies, the Latins, Liv. 40, 36; 32, 8; 41, 12:

    socii ab nomine Latino,

    id. 22, 38.—In this sense the gen. plur. is usually socium, Liv. 21, 17, 2; 22, 27, 11 et saep.:

    socii navales,

    id. 21, 50; v. navalis.—
    B.
    sŏcĭa, ae, f.:

    eos, qui nos socias sumpserunt sibi,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 45:

    (eloquentia) pacis est comes otiique socia,

    Cic. Brut. 12, 45:

    vitae socia virtus, mortis comes gloria,

    id. Font. 17, 39 (21, 49); cf.: est socia mortis homini vita ingloria, Publ. Syr. App. 213 Rib.:

    nox socia,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 45:

    quam plurimas uxores habent.... nulla pro sociā obtinet,

    Sall. J. 80, 7:

    addit se sociam,

    Verg. E. 6, 20:

    socias sorores Impietatis habet,

    Ov. M. 4, 3:

    hic socias tu quoque junge moras,

    id. A. A. 1, 492:

    sociae doloris casusque tui,

    App. M. 5, p. 166, 18.— Poet.: socia generisque torique, related by blood and marriage, relative and wife (Juno), Ov. M. 1, 620; so,

    tori,

    id. ib. 8, 521;

    10, 268: ulmus cum sociā vite,

    id. ib. 14, 662.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > socius

  • 112 sordidus

    sordĭdus, a, um, adj. [sordeo], dirty, unclean, foul, filthy, squalid, sordid (class.).
    I.
    Lit. (syn.: squalidus, obscenus): vestem squalam et sordidam, Enn. ap. Non. 504, 6 (Trag. v. 370 Vahl.):

    amictus,

    Verg. A. 6, 301; cf.:

    sordidior toga,

    Mart. 1, 104, 5:

    mappa,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 22; Mart. 7, 20, 8:

    lana,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 222:

    fumus,

    Hor. C. 4, 11, 11:

    at pol nitent, haud sordidae videntur ambae,

    Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 6:

    servolicolae,

    id. Poen. 1, 2, 55:

    nati,

    Hor. C. 2, 18, 28; cf.:

    magnos duces Non indecoro pulvere sordidos,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 22:

    puer sordidissimus dentibus,

    Petr. 64, 6 et saep.—Esp.:

    sordido in loco sedere,

    Val. Max. 9, 13, 2.— Transf., of mourners, clad in mourning, Cic. Mur. 40, 86.— Poet.:

    Auctumnus calcatis sordidus uvis,

    Ov. M. 2, 29; id. F. 4, 897;

    Col. poët. 10, 44: terga suis,

    sooty, dingy, Ov. M. 8, 648.—Prov.: saepe est etiam sub palliolo sordido sapientia, wisdom is often hid under a ragged cloak, Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 23, 56.—
    B.
    Transf., low, base, mean, as to birth, rank, or condition; poor, humble, small, paltry (syn.:

    illiberalis, infimus): causam commisisse homini egenti, sordido, sine honore, sme censu,

    Cic. Fl. 22, 52; id. Att. 8, 4, 2; id. Leg. 3, 16, 35; Hor. C. 1, 28, 14.— Sup.:

    sordidissimus quisque,

    Liv. 1, 47, 11:

    familiae sordidissima pars,

    Petr. 132, 3; cf.:

    loco non humili solum sed etiam sordido ortus,

    Liv. 22, 25, 18:

    a sordidis initiis ad summa crevere,

    Just. 2, 6, 2:

    sordidum et obscurum Macedonum nomen,

    id. 6, 9, 7:

    genus alicujus,

    id. 22, 1, 1:

    panis,

    Plaut. As. 1, 2, 16; Sen. Ep. 18, 5:

    villula,

    Cic. Att. 12, 27, 1; cf.

    tecta,

    Luc. 4, 396:

    sedes,

    id. 5, 9:

    lar villae,

    Mart. 12, 57, 2:

    rura (with humiles casae),

    Verg. E. 2, 28:

    aratra,

    Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 414;

    hence also, otia, i. e. ruris,

    Mart. 1, 56, 4 —
    II.
    Trop., low, mean, base, abject, vile, despicable, disgraceful (syn. turpis).
    A.
    In gen., Cic. Phil. 1, 8, 20:

    iste omnium turpissimus et sordidissimus,

    id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

    multo homo sordidissimus,

    id. Scaur. 2, § 23:

    homo furiosus ac sordidus,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6, § 19:

    nec minus laetabor, cum te semper sordidum, quam si paulisper sordidatum viderem,

    id. Pis. 41, 99:

    illiberales et sordidi quaestus mercenariorum omnium, quorum operae, non quorum artes emuntur... Sordidi etiam putandi, qui mercantur a mercatoribus, quod statim vendant, etc.... Opifices omnes in sordidā arte versantur, etc.... mercatura autem, si tenuis est, sordida putanda est, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 42, 150:

    lucrum,

    Quint. 1, 2, 16 sq.; cf.: sordidissima ratio et inquinatissima, Cic. Off. 2, 6, 21:

    qui (oratores) ne sordidiores quidem (artis) repudiarint (opp. praeclarissimas),

    id. de Or. 3, 32, 128:

    virtus repulsae nescia sordidae,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 17:

    adulterium,

    Liv. 1, 58:

    nomen,

    Quint. 8, 3, 21:

    verba,

    id. 8, 3, 17; 8, 3, 49; 2, 5, 10:

    multa,

    id. 2, 12, 7:

    omnia, id 10, 1, 9: homines nullā re bonā dignos, cum quibus comparari sordidum, confligere autem miserum et periculosum sit,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 5, 9; id. Off. 2, 14, 50; cf.:

    qui pecuniam praeferre amicitiae sordidum existiment,

    id. Lael. 17, 63.—
    B.
    In partic., mean, niggardly, penurious, sordid (cf. parcus):

    ita sordidus, ut se Non umquam servo melius vestiret,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 96; 1, 1, 65; 1, 2, 10; 2, 3, 164; Quint. 5, 13, 26; Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 1 (opp. sumptuosus):

    perjurium,

    Phaedr. 4, 19, 23:

    cupido,

    Hor. C. 2, 16, 16; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150 supra.—Hence, adv.: sordĭdē.
    1.
    Lit., dirtily, foully:

    per plateas tractus est sordidissime,

    through the deepest mire, Lampr. Heliog. 33 med.
    2.
    Transf., meanly, basely:

    quo sordidius et abjectius nati sunt,

    Tac. Or. 8.—
    3.
    Trop.
    a.
    Vulgarly, unbecomingly, poorly:

    loquitur laute et minime sordide,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 11:

    dicere,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 83, 339:

    contionari,

    id. Att. 15, 2, 2:

    declamare (opp. splendide atque ornate),

    Suet. Rhet. 6; Gell. 15, 4, 3.—
    b.
    Meanly, stingily, penuriously, sordidly:

    nimis illum sordide Simonidi dixisse, se dimidium ejus ei, quod pactus esset, pro illo carmine daturum,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 352:

    facere aliquid (opp. largissime),

    Suet. Dom. 9:

    gerere proconsulatum,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sordidus

  • 113 spargo

    1.
    spargo, si, sum, 3 (old inf. spargier, Hor. C. 4, 11, 8), v. a. [Sanscr. root sparç, to touch, sprinkle; M. H. Germ. Sprengen; cf. Gr. speirô], to strew, throw here and there, cast, hurl, or throw about, scatter; to bestrew; to sprinkle, spatter, wet; to bespatter, bedew, moisten, etc. (freq. and class.; syn. sero).
    I.
    Lit., in gen.:

    semen,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 50:

    semina,

    id. Div. 1, 3, 6; Quint. 1, 3, 5; 2, 9, 3; Ov. M. 5, 647:

    humi, mortalia semina, dentes,

    id. ib. 3, 105:

    per humum, nova semina, dentes,

    id. ib. 4, 573:

    vipereos dentes in agros,

    id. ib. 7, 122:

    nummos populo de Rostris,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:

    venena,

    id. Cat. 2, 10, 23:

    nuces,

    Verg. E. 8, 30:

    flores,

    id. A. 6, 884; Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 14:

    rosas,

    id. C. 3, 19, 22:

    frondes,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 14: hastati spargunt hastas, cast or hurl about, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 287 Vahl.): hastas, id. ap. Macr. 6, 4:

    tela,

    Verg. A. 12, 51; Ov. M. 12, 600:

    harenam pedibus,

    Verg. E. 3, 87; id. A. 9, 629 et saep.— Absol.: sagittarius cum funditore utrimque spargunt, hurl, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 1.—
    B.
    Esp., of liquids, to sprinkle, scatter:

    umorem passim toto terrarum in orbi,

    Lucr. 6, 629:

    cruorem,

    id. 2, 195:

    per totam domum aquas,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 26 et saep.—
    II.
    Transf., to bestrew, strew, scatter upon:

    spargite humum foliis,

    bestrew, strew, Verg. E. 5, 40; so,

    virgulta fimo pingui,

    id. G. 2, 347:

    molā caput salsā,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 200:

    gruem sale multo,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 87:

    (jus) croco,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 68:

    umerum capillis,

    id. C. 3, 20, 14:

    tempora canis,

    Ov. M. 8, 567 al. —
    2.
    To besprinkle, sprinkle, moisten, wet, etc.: saxa spargens tabo, sanie et sanguine atro, sprinkling, wetting, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107; id. Pis. 19, 43 (Trag. v. 414 Vahl.):

    aras sanguine multo quadrupedum,

    Lucr. 5, 1202:

    aram immolato agno,

    Hor. C. 4, 11, 8:

    ora genasque lacrimis,

    Lucr. 2, 977:

    debitā lacrimā favillam amici,

    Hor. C. 2, 6, 23:

    corpus fluviali lymphā,

    Verg. A. 4, 635:

    proximos umore oris,

    Quint. 11, 3, 56 et saep.:

    anguis aureis maculis sparsus,

    sprinkled over, spotted, flecked, Liv. 41, 21, 13:

    sparsā, non convolutā canitie,

    Plin. 36, 7, 11, § 55:

    capreoli sparsis etiam nunc pellibus albo,

    Verg. E. 2, 41:

    tectum nitidius, aure aut coloribus sparsum,

    covered over, Sen. Ben. 4, 6, 2; cf.:

    priscis sparsa tabellis Livia Porticus,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 71: sparso ore, adunco naso, with a spotty or freckled face, * Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 18.— Absol.: exi, Dave, Age, sparge: mundum esse hoc vestibulum volo, sprinkle, * Plaut. Fragm. ap. Gell. 18, 12, 4: verrite aedes, spargite, Titin. ap. Charis. p. 183 P. (Com. Rel. p. 130 Rib.):

    qui verrunt, qui spargunt,

    Cic. Par. 5, 2, 37.—
    B.
    To scatter, separate, disperse, divide, spread out (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose for the class. dispergere, dissipare):

    omnibus a rebus... Perpetuo fluere ac mitti spargique necesse est Corpora,

    Lucr. 6, 922:

    res sparsas et vage disjectas diligenter eligere,

    Auct. Her. 4, 2, 3:

    (aper) spargit canes,

    Ov. M. 8, 343:

    corpora,

    id. ib. 7, 442:

    sparsus silebo,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 1394:

    sparsam tempestate classem vidit,

    Liv. 37, 13:

    sparsi per vias speculatores,

    id. 9, 23:

    exercitum spargi per provincias,

    Tac. H. 3, 46 fin.:

    (natura) sparsit haec (cornua) in ramos,

    Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 123:

    fulgentes radios in orbem (gemma),

    id. 37, 10, 67, § 181:

    (Sicoris) Spargitur in sulcos,

    Luc. 4, 142:

    spargas tua prodigus,

    you dissipate, squander, waste, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 195: stare et spargere sese hastis, scatter, disperse, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 154 Vahl.):

    se in fugam passim spargere, Liv 33, 15, 15: saepe solet scintilla suos se spargere in ignes (shortly before, dissilire and dividi),

    Lucr. 4, 606:

    Rhenus ab septentrione in lacus, ab occidente in amnem Mosam se spargit,

    Plin. 4, 15, 29, § 101:

    magnum ab Argis Alciden,

    to separate, part, Val. Fl. 5, 488:

    sparsis consumptisque fratribus bello intestinae discordiae,

    Just. 27, 3, 1.—
    III.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to distribute, spread abroad, spread, extend:

    animos in corpora humana,

    Cic. Sen. 21, 77:

    omnia spargere ac disseminare,

    id. Arch. 12, 30:

    sparserat Argolicas nomen vaga Fama per urbes Theseos,

    Ov. M. 8, 267:

    genera enim tractamus in species multas sese spargentia,

    Plin. 21, 8, 22, § 45:

    spargit legiones, nova cottidie bello semina ministrat,

    Tac. H. 2, 76:

    vestigia fugae,

    Curt. 5, 13, 18.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of speech, to intersperse, interpose, insert a word or words; of a report or rumor, to spread or noise abroad, to circulate, report (so perh. not ante-Aug.;

    syn. dissemino): cum vigilans Quartae esto partis Ulixes Audieris heres: Ergo nunc Dama sodalis Nusquam est? etc.... Sparge subinde,

    break in with, Hor. S. 2, 5, 103; cf.

    ' libris actorum spargere gaudes Argumenta viri,

    Juv. 9, 84; Quint. 8, 3, 53:

    spargere voces In vulgum ambiguas,

    Verg. A. 2, 98:

    suspitiones,

    Quint. 7, 2, 12:

    in parentes crimina,

    id. 9, 2, 80:

    fama spargitur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 33.— Pass. impers., with obj.-clause:

    spargebatur insuper, Albinum insigne regis et Jubae nomen usurpare,

    Tac. H. 2, 58 fin.
    2.
    Pregn., of time:

    satis multum temporis sparsimus,

    wasted, consumed aimlessly, Sen. Ep. 19, 1.—Hence, sparsus, a, um, P. a., spread open or out:

    sparsior racemus,

    Plin. 16, 34, 62, § 146: uberior Nilo, generoso sparsior istro, Ven. Vit. S. Mart. 1, 129.
    2.
    spargo, ĭnis, f. [1. spargo], a sprinkling, spray: salis, Ven. Ep. ad Felic. 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > spargo

  • 114 sperata

    spēro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I.
    To hope (something desirable), to look for, trust, expect; to promise or flatter one's self (the predom. signif. of the word; syn.: confido, exspecto).
    (α).
    Absol.: spero, si speres quicquam prodesse potes sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):

    quoad Pompeius in Italiā fuit, sperare non destiti,

    Cic. Att. 9, 10, 3:

    sperat animus,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 36:

    ut neque accusator timere neque reus sperare debuerit,

    Cic. Clu. 7, 20:

    jubes bene sperare et bono esse animo,

    id. Deiot. 14, 38:

    Attica nostra quid agat, scire cupio: etsi tuae litterae recte sperare jubent,

    id. Att. 13, 17:

    tu jam, ut spero et ut promittis, aderis,

    id. ib. 16, 3, 4:

    omnia experiar et, ut spero, assequar... Sed, ut spero, valebis,

    id. ib. 7, 2, 6:

    ut mihi detis hanc veniam accommodatam huic reo, vobis, quemadmodum spero, non molestam,

    id. Arch. 2, 3:

    Argyrippus exorari spero poterit, ut sinat, etc.,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 67; cf.: Ch. Non usus veniet, spero. Sy. Spero hercle ego quoque, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 42:

    interea fiet aliquid, spero,

    id. And. 2, 1, 14: salvus sit;

    spero,

    id. Ad. 3, 3, 57.—
    (β).
    With acc.:

    his omnibus victoriam sperantibus pacis nomen adferemus,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 5, 10:

    consulatum,

    id. ib. 12, 6, 14:

    gloriam sperabit a latronum gregibus,

    id. ib. 12, 10, 26: magis adversos rerum exitus metuens quam sperans secundos, id. Fam. 6, 14, 1:

    id ego et speraram prudentiā tuā fretus, et, ut confiderem, fecerunt tuae litterae,

    id. ib. 12, 18: a quo nihil speres boni rei publicae, quia non vult;

    nihil metuas mali, quia non audet,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    a quo genere hominum victoriam sperasset,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 96 fin.:

    omnia ex victoriā et ex suā liberalitate sperarent,

    id. ib. 3, 6; cf. id. ib. 3, 60:

    quibus (tormentis) ipsi magna speravissent,

    id. ib. 2, 16 fin.:

    spero meliora,

    Cic. Att. 14, 16, 3:

    aliquid sibi,

    id. Tusc. 1, 36, 86; Sall. C. 37, 6:

    bona alicuius,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 6, 13:

    hoc sperans, ut, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 85:

    sperare victoriam ab aliquo,

    id. B. C. 3, 96: quod sapienter speravimus, perseveranter consectari, have expected, Col. praef. §

    29: sperata gloria (opp. parta),

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15; Liv. 28, 41, 6:

    sperata praeda,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 8:

    spem speratam quom optulisti,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 2:

    civitatem optandam magis quam sperandam quam minimam posuit,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 30, 52; Liv. 4, 15, 5:

    exitum malis sperare,

    Sall. C. 40, 2:

    amicitiam, regnum,

    id. J. 24, 5:

    mortem honestam,

    id. H. 2, 41, 2 Dietsch:

    salutem,

    id. C. 58, 16:

    spes,

    Curt. 5, 10, 1:

    mali poenam, Lact. de Ira, 16, 8: perpetuam felicitatem,

    Suet. Aug. 94; id. Vesp. 12; Sen. Ira, 3, 31, 2; Just. 21, 2, 5:

    sperat infestis, metuit secundis Alteram sortem bene praeparatum Pectus,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 13:

    grata superveniat, quae non sperabitur hora,

    id. Ep. 1, 4, 14 et saep.: dis sum fretus, deos sperabimus, we will hope or trust in the gods, Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 38; cf. id. Mil. 4, 5, 10; id. Cist. 2, 3, 52.—
    (γ).
    With obj.-clause (so most freq.; usually with inf. fut.; less freq. but class. with inf. pres. or perf.).—With inf. fut.:

    ego me confido liberum fore, tu te numquam speras,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 15; Cic. Rep. 1, 20, 33:

    ex quibus sperant se maximum fructum esse capturos,

    id. Lael. 21, 79:

    quod amicitiae nostrae memoriam spero sempiternam fore, etc.,

    id. ib. 4, 15:

    tu fac animo forti magnoque sis, speresque fore, ut, etc.,

    id. Fam. 1, 5, 6 fin.; cf.:

    spero fore, ut contingat id nobis,

    id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82 et saep.— With inf. pres.:

    qui istoc te speras modo Potesse dissimulando infectum hoc reddere,

    Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 22:

    spero me habere, qui hunc excruciem,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 11:

    sperat se a me avellere,

    id. ib. 3, 3, 14:

    totius Galliae sese potiri posse sperant,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 3:

    spero, quae tua prudentia est, et hercule, ut me jubet Acastus, confido te jam, ut volumus, valere,

    Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1:

    sperabam tuum adventum appropinquare,

    id. Fam. 4, 6, 3:

    speremus, nostrum nomen volitare et vagari latissime,

    id. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

    spero te mihi ignoscere, si, etc.,

    id. Fam. 1, 6, 2:

    spero esse, ut volumus,

    id. Att. 12, 6 b, 4:

    ita quiddam spero nobis profici, cum, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 1; Sall. H. 4, 61, 2 Dietsch:

    speramus carmina fingi posse,

    Hor. A. P. 331: neque ego hanc abscondere furto Speravi, ne finge, fugam, I did not hope or expect, Verg. A. 4, 338.—So esp. when used like Engl. hope, in the sense trust, believe:

    spero nostram amicitiam non egere testibus,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 2:

    id enim deos immortalis spero aequissimum judicare,

    id. Phil. 11, 15, 39; cf. infra, II. fin. —With inf. perf.:

    speravi miser Ex servitute me exemisse filium,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 99:

    me ejus spero fratrem propemodum Jam repperisse,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 123:

    sperabam jam defervisse adulescentiam,

    id. Ad. 1, 2, 72: spero tibi me causam probasse;

    cupio quidem certe,

    Cic. Att. 1, 1, 4:

    spero cum Crassipede nos confecisse,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2:

    et tum mirifice sperabat se esse locutum,

    Cat. 84, 3:

    sperasse libertatem se civium suorum emisse,

    Liv. 4, 15, 6:

    sperabam ita notata me reliquisse genera, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 32, 1; id. Att. 2, 21, 2; 10, 7, 3. —Ellipt.:

    qui semper vacuam, semper amabilem Sperat (sc. te fore),

    Hor. C. 1, 5, 11.—
    (δ).
    With ut and subj.:

    quoniam, ut salvum vellent tyrannum, sperare non poterat,

    Liv. 34, 27, 3:

    ut patiatur... nec sperandum ulli nec concupiscendum est,

    Sen. ad Polyb. 18, 6; Just. 5, 3, 3.—() In a Greek construction, with fut. part.:

    visura et quamvis numquam speraret Ulixen, etc. (for se visuram esse),

    Prop. 2, 9, 7 Paley ad loc.—
    (ζ).
    With de (very rare):

    neque de otio nostro spero jam,

    Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5; id. Verr. 2, 1, 2, § 6: de eo bene sperare (with obj.clause, cf. g supra), Nep. Milt. 1, 1.—
    II.
    To look for, expect, apprehend that which is undesired, elpizô (rare, and mostly poet.;

    in Cic. only with non, and ironically): nam quod tu speres, propulsabo facile,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 21:

    mihi non hoc miserae sperare jubebas, Sed conubia laeta,

    Cat. 64, 140:

    haec merui sperare? dabis mihi, perfida, poenas,

    Prop. 2, 5, 3:

    hunc ego si potui tantum sperare dolorem, Et perferre, soror, potero,

    Verg. A. 4, 419 (cf. Quint. 8, 2, 3); cf. Flor. 3, 1, 1:

    haec adeo ex illo mihi jam speranda fuerunt Tempore, cum, etc.,

    Verg. A. 11, 275:

    mene efferre pedem, genitor, te posse relicto Sperasti?

    id. ib. 2, 658; cf. Suet. Caes. 60:

    si genus humanum et mortalia temnitis arma, At sperate deos memores fandi atque nefandi,

    expect, fear, Verg. A. 1, 543:

    exstinguine mea Speravi te posse manu,

    Val. Fl. 3, 295:

    aliquod in Africā bellum,

    Flor. 3, 1, 1:

    jam quartanam sperantibus aegris,

    Juv. 4, 57.—With a negative particle: Sc. Moneo ego te: te deseret ille aetate et satietate. Ph. Non spero. Sc. Insperata accidunt magis saepe quam quae speres, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 40: id quod non spero, Afran ap. Charis. p. 195 P.:

    sin a vobis, id quod non spero, deserar,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 10: te tam mobili in me meosque esse animo non sperabam, Q. Metell. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 1, 2:

    non speravi te sequi,

    Stat. Th. 6, 139.—Ironically:

    quoniam haec satis spero vobis molesta videri,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 13, 51.—Hence, spērātus, a, um, P. a., that is hoped or longed for; as subst.: spērātus, i, m.; spērāta, ae, f., a betrothed, intended, a lover; a bride (ante- and post-class.): curre et nuntia Venire me et mecum speratum adducere, Afran. ap. Non. 174, 31:

    sperata, salve,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 97; so, sperata, id. Fragm. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, 7, 71; Afran. ap. Non. 174, 33; Arn. 4, 140; Hyg. Fab. 31; 33.—Once also of a wife not seen for a long time:

    Amphitruo uxorem salutat laetus speratam suam,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 53.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sperata

  • 115 spero

    spēro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I.
    To hope (something desirable), to look for, trust, expect; to promise or flatter one's self (the predom. signif. of the word; syn.: confido, exspecto).
    (α).
    Absol.: spero, si speres quicquam prodesse potes sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):

    quoad Pompeius in Italiā fuit, sperare non destiti,

    Cic. Att. 9, 10, 3:

    sperat animus,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 36:

    ut neque accusator timere neque reus sperare debuerit,

    Cic. Clu. 7, 20:

    jubes bene sperare et bono esse animo,

    id. Deiot. 14, 38:

    Attica nostra quid agat, scire cupio: etsi tuae litterae recte sperare jubent,

    id. Att. 13, 17:

    tu jam, ut spero et ut promittis, aderis,

    id. ib. 16, 3, 4:

    omnia experiar et, ut spero, assequar... Sed, ut spero, valebis,

    id. ib. 7, 2, 6:

    ut mihi detis hanc veniam accommodatam huic reo, vobis, quemadmodum spero, non molestam,

    id. Arch. 2, 3:

    Argyrippus exorari spero poterit, ut sinat, etc.,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 67; cf.: Ch. Non usus veniet, spero. Sy. Spero hercle ego quoque, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 42:

    interea fiet aliquid, spero,

    id. And. 2, 1, 14: salvus sit;

    spero,

    id. Ad. 3, 3, 57.—
    (β).
    With acc.:

    his omnibus victoriam sperantibus pacis nomen adferemus,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 5, 10:

    consulatum,

    id. ib. 12, 6, 14:

    gloriam sperabit a latronum gregibus,

    id. ib. 12, 10, 26: magis adversos rerum exitus metuens quam sperans secundos, id. Fam. 6, 14, 1:

    id ego et speraram prudentiā tuā fretus, et, ut confiderem, fecerunt tuae litterae,

    id. ib. 12, 18: a quo nihil speres boni rei publicae, quia non vult;

    nihil metuas mali, quia non audet,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    a quo genere hominum victoriam sperasset,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 96 fin.:

    omnia ex victoriā et ex suā liberalitate sperarent,

    id. ib. 3, 6; cf. id. ib. 3, 60:

    quibus (tormentis) ipsi magna speravissent,

    id. ib. 2, 16 fin.:

    spero meliora,

    Cic. Att. 14, 16, 3:

    aliquid sibi,

    id. Tusc. 1, 36, 86; Sall. C. 37, 6:

    bona alicuius,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 6, 13:

    hoc sperans, ut, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 85:

    sperare victoriam ab aliquo,

    id. B. C. 3, 96: quod sapienter speravimus, perseveranter consectari, have expected, Col. praef. §

    29: sperata gloria (opp. parta),

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15; Liv. 28, 41, 6:

    sperata praeda,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 8:

    spem speratam quom optulisti,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 2:

    civitatem optandam magis quam sperandam quam minimam posuit,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 30, 52; Liv. 4, 15, 5:

    exitum malis sperare,

    Sall. C. 40, 2:

    amicitiam, regnum,

    id. J. 24, 5:

    mortem honestam,

    id. H. 2, 41, 2 Dietsch:

    salutem,

    id. C. 58, 16:

    spes,

    Curt. 5, 10, 1:

    mali poenam, Lact. de Ira, 16, 8: perpetuam felicitatem,

    Suet. Aug. 94; id. Vesp. 12; Sen. Ira, 3, 31, 2; Just. 21, 2, 5:

    sperat infestis, metuit secundis Alteram sortem bene praeparatum Pectus,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 13:

    grata superveniat, quae non sperabitur hora,

    id. Ep. 1, 4, 14 et saep.: dis sum fretus, deos sperabimus, we will hope or trust in the gods, Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 38; cf. id. Mil. 4, 5, 10; id. Cist. 2, 3, 52.—
    (γ).
    With obj.-clause (so most freq.; usually with inf. fut.; less freq. but class. with inf. pres. or perf.).—With inf. fut.:

    ego me confido liberum fore, tu te numquam speras,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 15; Cic. Rep. 1, 20, 33:

    ex quibus sperant se maximum fructum esse capturos,

    id. Lael. 21, 79:

    quod amicitiae nostrae memoriam spero sempiternam fore, etc.,

    id. ib. 4, 15:

    tu fac animo forti magnoque sis, speresque fore, ut, etc.,

    id. Fam. 1, 5, 6 fin.; cf.:

    spero fore, ut contingat id nobis,

    id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82 et saep.— With inf. pres.:

    qui istoc te speras modo Potesse dissimulando infectum hoc reddere,

    Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 22:

    spero me habere, qui hunc excruciem,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 11:

    sperat se a me avellere,

    id. ib. 3, 3, 14:

    totius Galliae sese potiri posse sperant,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 3:

    spero, quae tua prudentia est, et hercule, ut me jubet Acastus, confido te jam, ut volumus, valere,

    Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1:

    sperabam tuum adventum appropinquare,

    id. Fam. 4, 6, 3:

    speremus, nostrum nomen volitare et vagari latissime,

    id. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

    spero te mihi ignoscere, si, etc.,

    id. Fam. 1, 6, 2:

    spero esse, ut volumus,

    id. Att. 12, 6 b, 4:

    ita quiddam spero nobis profici, cum, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 1; Sall. H. 4, 61, 2 Dietsch:

    speramus carmina fingi posse,

    Hor. A. P. 331: neque ego hanc abscondere furto Speravi, ne finge, fugam, I did not hope or expect, Verg. A. 4, 338.—So esp. when used like Engl. hope, in the sense trust, believe:

    spero nostram amicitiam non egere testibus,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 2:

    id enim deos immortalis spero aequissimum judicare,

    id. Phil. 11, 15, 39; cf. infra, II. fin. —With inf. perf.:

    speravi miser Ex servitute me exemisse filium,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 99:

    me ejus spero fratrem propemodum Jam repperisse,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 123:

    sperabam jam defervisse adulescentiam,

    id. Ad. 1, 2, 72: spero tibi me causam probasse;

    cupio quidem certe,

    Cic. Att. 1, 1, 4:

    spero cum Crassipede nos confecisse,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2:

    et tum mirifice sperabat se esse locutum,

    Cat. 84, 3:

    sperasse libertatem se civium suorum emisse,

    Liv. 4, 15, 6:

    sperabam ita notata me reliquisse genera, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 32, 1; id. Att. 2, 21, 2; 10, 7, 3. —Ellipt.:

    qui semper vacuam, semper amabilem Sperat (sc. te fore),

    Hor. C. 1, 5, 11.—
    (δ).
    With ut and subj.:

    quoniam, ut salvum vellent tyrannum, sperare non poterat,

    Liv. 34, 27, 3:

    ut patiatur... nec sperandum ulli nec concupiscendum est,

    Sen. ad Polyb. 18, 6; Just. 5, 3, 3.—() In a Greek construction, with fut. part.:

    visura et quamvis numquam speraret Ulixen, etc. (for se visuram esse),

    Prop. 2, 9, 7 Paley ad loc.—
    (ζ).
    With de (very rare):

    neque de otio nostro spero jam,

    Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5; id. Verr. 2, 1, 2, § 6: de eo bene sperare (with obj.clause, cf. g supra), Nep. Milt. 1, 1.—
    II.
    To look for, expect, apprehend that which is undesired, elpizô (rare, and mostly poet.;

    in Cic. only with non, and ironically): nam quod tu speres, propulsabo facile,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 21:

    mihi non hoc miserae sperare jubebas, Sed conubia laeta,

    Cat. 64, 140:

    haec merui sperare? dabis mihi, perfida, poenas,

    Prop. 2, 5, 3:

    hunc ego si potui tantum sperare dolorem, Et perferre, soror, potero,

    Verg. A. 4, 419 (cf. Quint. 8, 2, 3); cf. Flor. 3, 1, 1:

    haec adeo ex illo mihi jam speranda fuerunt Tempore, cum, etc.,

    Verg. A. 11, 275:

    mene efferre pedem, genitor, te posse relicto Sperasti?

    id. ib. 2, 658; cf. Suet. Caes. 60:

    si genus humanum et mortalia temnitis arma, At sperate deos memores fandi atque nefandi,

    expect, fear, Verg. A. 1, 543:

    exstinguine mea Speravi te posse manu,

    Val. Fl. 3, 295:

    aliquod in Africā bellum,

    Flor. 3, 1, 1:

    jam quartanam sperantibus aegris,

    Juv. 4, 57.—With a negative particle: Sc. Moneo ego te: te deseret ille aetate et satietate. Ph. Non spero. Sc. Insperata accidunt magis saepe quam quae speres, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 40: id quod non spero, Afran ap. Charis. p. 195 P.:

    sin a vobis, id quod non spero, deserar,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 10: te tam mobili in me meosque esse animo non sperabam, Q. Metell. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 1, 2:

    non speravi te sequi,

    Stat. Th. 6, 139.—Ironically:

    quoniam haec satis spero vobis molesta videri,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 13, 51.—Hence, spērātus, a, um, P. a., that is hoped or longed for; as subst.: spērātus, i, m.; spērāta, ae, f., a betrothed, intended, a lover; a bride (ante- and post-class.): curre et nuntia Venire me et mecum speratum adducere, Afran. ap. Non. 174, 31:

    sperata, salve,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 97; so, sperata, id. Fragm. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, 7, 71; Afran. ap. Non. 174, 33; Arn. 4, 140; Hyg. Fab. 31; 33.—Once also of a wife not seen for a long time:

    Amphitruo uxorem salutat laetus speratam suam,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 53.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > spero

  • 116 teneo

    tĕnĕo, tĕnŭi, tentum, 2 ( perf. subj. tetinerim, Pac. ap. Non. 178, 15:

    tetinerit,

    Att. ib. 178, 12:

    tetinisse,

    Pac. ib. 178, 11; fut. perf. tetinero, acc. to Fest. p. 252 Müll. Another collat. form of the perf. tenivi, acc. to Charis. p. 220 P.; Diom. pp. 363 and 369 ib.), v. a. and n. [root ten-, tan-; Gr. tanumai, teinô; Sanscr. tanomi, to stretch, spread; this root appears in many derived meanings; cf. Lat.: tendo, tenuis, tener, tenor, tenus].
    I.
    Act., to hold, keep, have in the hand, in the mouth, etc.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.: Eu. Porrige bracchium, prehende: jam tenes? Cha. Teneo. Eu. Tene, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 42; cf.

    argentum,

    id. Pers. 3, 3, 9:

    cum pyxidem teneret in manu,

    Cic. Cael. 26, 63;

    for which: aliquid manu,

    Quint. 10, 7, 31; Ov. M. 11, 560; id. A. A. 1, 320; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 34:

    aliquid dextrā,

    Ov. F. 1, 99:

    digitis,

    id. ib. 2, 102; id. M. 9, 86; 9, 522:

    lacertis,

    id. ib. 2, 100 al.:

    radicem ore,

    Cic. Div. 2, 68, 141:

    cibum ore,

    Phaedr. 1, 4, 6;

    for which: decoctum diu in ore,

    Plin. 25, 13, 105, § 166:

    aliquem in sinu,

    Ov. H. 3, 114;

    for which: aliquem sinu,

    id. ib. 13, 157:

    flabellulum,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 50:

    facem,

    Verg. A. 6, 224:

    telum,

    Liv. 2, 19. — Prov.: manu tenere aliquid, to seize, grasp, or comprehend a thing which is palpable or evident: aliter leges, aliter philosophi tollunt astutias: leges, quātenus manu tenere possunt;

    philosophi, quātenus ratione et intellegentiā,

    Cic. Off. 3, 17, 68; cf.:

    cum res non conjecturā, sed oculis ac manibus teneretur,

    id. Clu. 7, 20. —
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    With the accessory idea of possession, to hold, i. e. to be master of, have in one ' s power, possess, etc. (syn.:

    possideo, habeo): multa hereditatibus, multa emptionibus, multa dotibus tenebantur sine injuriā,

    Cic. Off. 2, 23, 81:

    quae tenuit dives Achaemenes,

    Hor. C. 2, 12, 21:

    Evander qui multis ante tempestatibus tenuerat loca,

    Liv. 1, 5:

    provinciam a praedonibus liberam,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 11, 32:

    colles praesidiis,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 43:

    Formiarum moenia et Lirim,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 8:

    tenente Caesare terras,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 15:

    rem publicam,

    Cic. Mur. 39, 83; id. Sest. 19, 44:

    summam imperii,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 22:

    equitum centurias,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 3:

    alterum cornu,

    to command, Nep. Pelop. 4, 3:

    provincias aliaque omnia,

    Sall. C. 39, 2: scenam, to have sole possession of. [p. 1854] rule over, Suet. Tit. 7. —

    Of the possession of the object of affection: te tenet,

    Tib. 1, 6, 35; 2, 6, 52; Verg. E. 1, 32; Ov. H. 2, 103 Ruhnk.; 15, 88; id. Am. 3, 7, 3; Phaedr. 2, 2, 4.—In colloq. lang., teneo te, I have you once more, of again seeing the beloved person:

    teneone te, Antiphila, maxime animo exoptata meo?

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 27 Ruhnk.; Sen. Ben. 7, 4; Ov. H. 18, 183; cf.:

    et comitem Aenean juxta natumque tenebat Ingrediens,

    Verg. A. 8, 308.—Also like our I have you (fast, bound, etc.):

    teneo te, inquam, nam ista Academiae est propria sententia,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 48, 148; id. Quint. 20, 63.— Absol.: qui tenent (sc. rem publicam), who are in possession of the State, of public affairs:

    qui tenent, qui potiuntur,

    Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; 2, 18, 1. —
    b.
    With the accessory idea of firmness, persistence, to hold fast, occupy; to watch, guard, defend; to maintain, retain a thing:

    legio locum non tenuit atque in proximum collem se recepit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 44:

    montes teneri,

    id. B. G. 3, 2:

    haec noctu firmis praesidiis tenebantur,

    id. ib. 7, 69:

    Capitolia celsa tenebat,

    Verg. A. 8, 653:

    quo teneam Protea nodo?

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 90:

    te neque intra Claustra tenebo,

    id. C. 3, 11, 44; cf.:

    in manicis et Compedibus saevo te sub custode tenebo,

    id. Ep. 1, 16, 77: laqueis (se) sensit teneri... fugam frustra tentabat;

    at illam Lenta tenet radix exsultantemque coërcet,

    Ov. M. 11, 74 sq.; 1, 535:

    Athenae tuae sempiternam in arce oleam tenere potuerunt,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 2:

    agri qui diu aquam tenent,

    Pall. Apr. 2, 4:

    classem ibi tenebat,

    Liv. 31, 46, 8: secundissimo vento cursum tenere, to hold or keep one ' s course, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83; cf.:

    vento intermisso cursum non tenuit,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 8; 4, 28; so,

    cursum,

    Cic. Planc. 21, 52; id. Rep. 1, 2, 3 fin.; Quint. 4, 3, 13:

    quo iter,

    Verg. A. 1, 370; Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 10:

    (lunam) fingunt cursus viam sub sole tenere,

    Lucr. 5, 714:

    tenuit tamen vestigia Bucar,

    Liv. 29, 32, 6.—
    c.
    With the accessory idea of reaching the object aimed at, to reach, attain a place:

    montes effuso cursu Sabini petebant et pauci tenuere,

    Liv. 1, 37, 4:

    regionem,

    id. 30, 25, 11:

    Tenum,

    id. 36, 21, 1:

    terram,

    id. 37, 16, 4; 37, 11, 5; 37, 13, 4;

    26, 29, 4: Hesperiam,

    Ov. F. 1, 498:

    portus,

    id. H. 18, 198; Tac. Agr. 38 fin.:

    cum quibus (navibus) Cythnum insulam tenuit,

    id. H. 2, 9.—
    d.
    With the accessory idea of movement impeded, to hold fast, hold back, hinder, restrain, detain, check, control, stay, etc.:

    naves, quae vento tenebantur,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 22:

    quid hic agatur, scire poteris ex eo, qui litteras attulit, quem diutius tenui, quia, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 11, 3, 1:

    si id te non tenet, advola,

    id. Fam. 16, 19:

    septimum jam diem Corcyrae tenebamur,

    id. ib. 16, 7 init.:

    Marcellum ab gerundis rebus valetudo adversa Nolae tenuit,

    Liv. 24, 20, 7:

    non tenebo te pluribus,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 3; cf. absol.:

    ne diutius teneam,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 13, § 34: solutum (corpus) tenere, Cels. praef. med.; cf.

    ventrem,

    id. 4, 19 med.:

    tene linguam,

    Ov. F. 2, 602:

    pecus omne tenendum,

    Verg. G. 2, 371:

    vix a te videor posse tenere manus,

    Ov. Am. 1, 4, 10; so,

    manus,

    id. M. 13, 203; cf.:

    manum stomachumque teneto,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 44:

    saeva tene cum Berecyntio Cornu tympana,

    id. C. 1, 18, 13:

    et Phoebi tenuere viam,

    i. e. impeded, closed up, Luc. 5, 136:

    quo me decet usque teneri?

    Verg. A. 5, 384:

    lacrimas,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 39; so,

    lacrimas in morte miserā non tenebamus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 172:

    dictator exercitum in stativis tenebat,

    Liv. 6, 14, 1. —
    (β).
    Esp.: se tenere, to keep back, remain, stay:

    Sabinus castris sese tenebat,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 17; 1, 40; Liv. 2, 45, 2:

    nullā clade acceptā castris se pavidus tenebat,

    id. 3, 26, 3:

    Hasdrubal procul ab hoste intervallo tenebat se,

    id. 23, 26, 2:

    se domi a conventu remotum tenere,

    Nep. Dion, 9, 1:

    ego tamen teneo ab accusando vix me hercule: sed tamen teneo,

    restrain myself, refrain, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2:

    nec se tenuit, quin, etc.,

    id. Ac. 2, 4, 12; cf.

    mid.: teneri non potui, quin tibi apertius illud idem his litteris declararem,

    id. Att. 15, 14, 2; Just. 6, 7, 10; cf.:

    se intra silentium tenuit,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 8:

    multum me intra silentium tenui,

    id. ib. 7, 6, 6.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to hold, contain in the mind, to conceive, comprehend, know (syn.:

    percipio, intellego): nunc ego teneo, nunc scio, Quid sit hoc negotii,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 39: tenes Quorsum haec tendant quae loquor, id. Ps. 1, 2, 81:

    tenes, quid dicam?

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 22:

    teneo,

    I understand, id. And. 1, 1, 59:

    teneo quid erret,

    id. 3, 2, 18; Cic. Rep. 1, 23, 37; cf.: quibus capiatur Caesar, tenes, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 5:

    quae a Romanis auguribus ignorantur, a Cilicibus... Lyciis tenentur,

    Cic. Div. 1, 15, 25:

    quoniam ea, quae tenebatis ipsi, etiam ex me audire voluistis,

    id. Rep. 1, 46, 70:

    alicujus reconditos sensus,

    id. Sest. 10, 22:

    quo pacto cuncta tenerem,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 8:

    et teneo melius ista,

    Mart. 4, 37, 7.—With inf.:

    nullus frugi esse homo potest, nisi qui et bene facere et male tenet,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 10; Lucr. 3, 647.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To have possession of, have the mastery of, to control any thing:

    cum rem publicam opes paucorum non virtutes tenere coeperunt,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 51.—
    b.
    To hold fast, guard, preserve, uphold, keep, insist (syn. servo):

    sin consuetudinem meam, quam in re publicā semper habui, tenuero,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 11, 27:

    ordinem,

    id. ib. 5, 13, 35:

    portum,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

    statum,

    id. Rep. 1, 28, 44:

    non tenebat ornatum suum civitas,

    id. ib. 1, 27, 43:

    si jus suum populi teneant,

    id. ib. 1, 32, 48:

    nec diutius umquam tenetur idem rei publicae modus,

    id. ib. 1, 44, 68:

    est boni viri, haec duo tenere in amicitiā, etc.,

    id. Lael. 18, 65:

    morem,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 44; so id. Fl. 7, 15; Verg. A. 3, 408:

    foedus,

    Cic. Balb. 15, 34:

    tenebat non modo auctoritatem, sed etiam imperium in suos,

    id. Sen. 11, 37:

    silentium,

    Liv. 1, 28, 8.—
    c.
    To hold fast, maintain, support, defend, uphold, insist:

    illud arcte tenent accurateque defendunt, voluptatem esse summum bonum,

    hold fast, maintain, Cic. Par. 1, 3, 14; cf.:

    illud, quod multos annos tenuisset,

    id. Ac. 2, 22, 71; and:

    quod idem Peripatetici non tenent,

    id. Fin. 3, 13, 44:

    propositum tenere,

    to maintain, Caes. B. C. 3, 42, 1:

    suas leges,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 4, 13:

    causam apud centumviros,

    id. Caecin. 24, 67:

    quo causae teste tenentur,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 43:

    locum quendam cum aliquo,

    Cic. Brut. 21, 81.— With ne:

    plebs tenuit, ne consules in proximum annum crearentur,

    Liv. 4, 30, 16:

    ne quid ferretur ad populum, patres tenuere,

    id. 3, 29, 8; 24, 19, 7. — With ut:

    tenuere patres, ut Fabius consul crearetur,

    Liv. 2, 42, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    scripseram tenuisse Varenum ut sibi evocare testes liceret,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 5, 1.—
    d.
    Of memory:

    alicujus memoriam cum summā benevolentiā tenere,

    to recollect, preserve a recollection of, Cic. Fam. 6, 2, 1.—Esp.:

    memoriā tenere: memoriā tenetis, compluris in Capitolio res de caelo esse percussas,

    you remember, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19; id. Fam. 1, 9, 12; Caes. B. G. 1, 14; cf.:

    memoriā teneo, C. Sulpicium Gallum, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 14, 21; v. memoria; so without memoria, to bear in mind, remember, recollect:

    satin' haec meministi et tenes?

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 1:

    numeros memini, si verba tenerem,

    Verg. E. 9, 45:

    dicta tenere,

    Hor. A. P. 336; id. S. 2, 4, 8:

    quem (Cyrum) omnia militum tenuisse creditum est nomina,

    Quint. 11, 2, 50; 11, 2, 45.—
    e.
    To reach an object striven after, to gain, acquire, obtain, attain (syn. assequor):

    per cursum rectum regnum tenere,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 44:

    Servium Tullium post hunc captivā natum, ingenio virtute regnum tenuisse,

    Liv. 4, 3, 12:

    teneri res aliter non potest,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 3:

    multa tenuisse,

    Liv. 42, 11, 8:

    causam,

    Ov. M. 13, 190.—
    f.
    To hold, hold back, repress, restrain, bind, fetter, etc. (syn.:

    refreno, retineo): iracundiam teneat, avaritiam coërceat,

    Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33:

    dolorem,

    id. Att. 12, 38, 2:

    cupiditates,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 3:

    somnum,

    id. Brut. 80, 278:

    risum,

    id. Vatin. 8, 20; Hor. A. P. 5:

    iram,

    Curt. 4, 2, 5:

    ea, quae occurrant, tenere,

    to hold back, keep to themselves, Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221.—
    g.
    Of laws, etc., to bind, hold, obligate, be binding on, control, etc.:

    quamquam leges eum non tenent,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11; cf.:

    interdicto non teneri,

    id. Caecin. 14, 41:

    voto quodam et promisso teneri,

    id. Att. 12, 18, 1:

    ut plebi scita omnes Quirites tenerent,

    Liv. 8, 12, 14; cf.:

    olim patricii dicebant se plebi scitis non teneri,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 3:

    cum velut in controverso jure esset, tenerenturne patres plebi scitis, legem tulere, ut quod tributim plebis jussisset, populum teneret,

    Liv. 3, 55, 3:

    teneri alienis foederibus,

    id. 24, 29, 11: poenā teneri, to be subject or liable to, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 5:

    testibus in re perspicuā teneri,

    to be convicted, id. Caecin. 2, 4; cf.: nemo ita in manifesto peccatu tenebatur, ut, etc., id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 191:

    caedis teneri,

    Quint. 5, 14, 11:

    teneri repetundarum,

    Tac. A. 11, 7 fin.:

    furti,

    Dig. 6, 1, 4:

    injuriarum,

    ib. 47, 10, 11:

    mandati,

    ib. 17, 1, 10.— Transf.:

    nisi illi ipsi, qui eas (libidines) frangere deberent, cupiditatis ejusdem tenerentur,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 31 Mos. and Orell. N. cr.
    h.
    Of dispositions, desires, etc., to possess, occupy, control:

    quae te tanta pravitas mentis tenuerit, ut, etc.,

    has had possession of you, Cic. Vatin. 6, 14:

    summum me eorum (librorum) studium tenet,

    id. Att. 1, 11, 3:

    magna me spes tenet,

    id. Tusc. 1, 41, 97:

    de triumpho nulla me cupiditas umquam tenuit,

    id. Att. 7, 2, 6:

    si consilio pulso libidines iracundiaeve tenerent omnia,

    id. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

    nisi forte quem inhonesta et perniciosa libido tenet,

    Sall. J. 3, 4: neque irā neque gratiā teneri, to be controlled or influenced, Cic. N. D. 1, 17, 45; so,

    teneri desiderio,

    id. Sen. 10, 33:

    studio philosophiae,

    id. Ac. 1, 2, 4:

    magno amore,

    Verg. A. 1, 675:

    pompā, ludis atque ejusmodi spectaculis teneri,

    to be enchained, fascinated, Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 48; cf.:

    ut oculi picturā teneantur, aures cantibus,

    id. Ac. 2, 7, 20:

    is qui audit, ab oratore jam obsessus est ac tenetur,

    id. Or. 62, 210.—With ne, Ov. M. 7, 146. —
    k.
    To take in, comprise, comprehend, include:

    haec magnos formula reges, Excepto sapiente, tenet,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 46.—More freq. pass.: teneri aliquā re, to be contained, comprised, grounded, to consist in a thing:

    ut homines deorum agnatione et gente teneantur,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 23:

    id quod (genus officiorum) teneatur hominum societate,

    id. Off. 1, 45, 160:

    quae (causae) familiaritate et consuetudine tenentur,

    id. Fam. 13, 29, 1:

    dixi jam antea, ipsam rationem arandi spe magis et jucunditate quadam quam fructu atque emolumento teneri,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227.
    II.
    Neutr. (freq. after the Aug. per.; perh. not in Cic.).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    To hold a position anywhere, maintain one ' s self:

    quā abscisae rupes erant, statio paucorum armatorum tenebat,

    Liv. 32, 5, 12:

    duo extra ordinem milia tenuere,

    id. 3, 62, 7:

    tenent Danai, quā deficit ignis,

    Verg. A. 2, 505.—
    2.
    For cursum tenere, to hold or take one ' s way, to sail, steer in any direction:

    Aeneam... ab Siciliā classe ad Laurentem agrum tenuisse,

    Liv. 1, 1, 4:

    Cassandream petentes, primo ad Mendin tenuere,

    Liv. 31, 45, 14:

    ad Mendaeum,

    id. 21, 49, 2:

    Diam,

    Ov. M. 3, 690:

    Creten,

    id. ib. 13, 706:

    Hesperiam,

    id. F. 1, 498:

    Ausoniam,

    id. ib. 4, 290 al.:

    medio tutissimus ibis... Inter utrumque tene,

    Ov. M. 2, 140.—
    B.
    Trop., with the accessory idea of continuance (cf. I. A. 2. b. and B. 2. b. supra), to hold out, hold on, last, endure, continue, maintain itself, prevail, etc. (cf. obtineo):

    imber per noctem totam tenuit,

    Liv. 23, 44, 6; cf.:

    incendium per duas noctes ac diem unum tenuit,

    id. 24, 47, 15:

    per aliquot dies ea consultatio tenuit,

    id. 2, 3, 5; 3, 47, 6:

    tenet fama, lupam, etc.,

    id. 1, 4, 6:

    quod nunc quoque tenet nomen,

    id. 1, 17, 6:

    fama tenuit, haud plus fuisse modio,

    id. 23, 12, 2; 21, 46, 10:

    tenuit consuetudo, quae cottidie magis invalescit, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 2, 1, 1 Spald.; so,

    consuetudo, ut, etc.,

    id. 8, 5, 2:

    nomen illud tenet,

    id. 9, 4, 47 Spald.; cf. Ov. M. 1, 712.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > teneo

  • 117 testo

    testor, ātus, 1, v. a. [1. testis].
    I. A.
    Lit. (very rare, and not in Cic.; cf.

    testificor): confiteor: testere licet: signate Quirites,

    thou canst attest it, Ov. P. 4, 15, 11:

    quasi inclamaret aut testaretur locutus est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 172.—
    B.
    Transf., in gen., to make known, show, prove, demonstrate; to give to understand, to declare, aver, assert, bear witness to, etc. (class and very freq.):

    ego quod facio, me pacis, otii, etc.... causā facere, clamo atque testor,

    Cic. Mur. 37, 78:

    auctoritatem hujus indicii monumentis publicis,

    id. Sull. 14, 41:

    nunc illa testabor, non me sortilegos... agnoscere,

    id. Div. 1, 58, 132:

    testatur isto audiente, se pro communi necessitudine id primum petere,

    id. Quint. 21, 66:

    clarissimā voce se nomen Oppianici... delaturum esse testatur,

    id. Clu. 8, 23:

    ea quae accidere testatus antea,

    Sall. H. 4, 61, 10 Dietsch:

    testatus, quae praestitisset civibus eorum, etc.,

    Liv. 25, 10, 8:

    vectigal testandi causā publicum agrum esse imponere,

    id. 31, 13, 7:

    assiduoque suos gemitu testata dolores,

    Ov. M. 2, 486:

    quod Cicero pluribus et libris et epistulis testatur,

    Quint. 12, 2, 6:

    utraeque (venae et arteriae) vim quandam incredibilem artificiosi operis divinique testantur,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138:

    sunt Agamemnonias testantia litora curas,

    Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 21:

    ut pura testantur sidera caelo,

    Tib. 4, 1, 10:

    verba nos testantia gratos,

    Ov. M. 14, 307:

    carmina raros testantia mores,

    id. P. 1, 9, 43:

    campus sepulcris proelia testatur,

    Hor. C. 2, 1, 31:

    numerus autem (saepe enim hoc testandum est) est non modo non poëtice junctus, verum etiam, etc.,

    Cic. Or. 68, 227; Quint. prooem. § 26; 11, 1, 5.—
    2.
    In partic., to publish one ' s last will or testament, to make a will, provide by will for any thing, Cic. Inv. 2, 21, 62:

    cum ignorans nurum ventrem ferre, immemor in testando nepotis decessisset,

    Liv. 1, 34, 3:

    quis dubitaret, quin ea voluntas fuisset testantis, ut is non nato filio heres esset,

    Quint. 7, 6, 10:

    si exheredatum a se filium pater testatus fuerit elogio,

    id. 7, 4, 20:

    primipilari seni jam testato,

    id. 6, 3, 92:

    intestati appellantur, qui cum possent testamentum facere, testati non sunt,

    Dig. 38, 16, 1; 29, 1, 19 pr.;

    49, 14, 45 pr.: nomen testatas intulit in tabulas,

    i. e. into his will, Cat. 68, 122.—
    II.
    To call upon or invoke a person or thing as witness (likewise class.):

    Venus Cyrenensis, testem te testor mihi,

    Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 51:

    vos, di patrii ac penates, testor, me defendere, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 31, 86:

    C. Marii et ceterorum virorum mentis testor, me pro illorum famā propugnandum putare, etc.,

    id. Rab. Perd. 10, 30: omnes deos, with an obj.-clause, id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 2:

    ego omnes homines deosque testor,

    id. Caecin. 29, 83:

    deos immortales,

    id. Clu. 68, 194:

    me potissimum testatus est, se aemulum mearum laudum exstitisse,

    id. Phil. 2, 12, 28 stuprata per vim Lucretia a regis filio, testata cives, se ipsa interemit, id. Fin. 2, 20, 66:

    implorarem sensus vestros, uniuscujusque indulgentiam in suos testarer, etc.,

    id. Sull. 23, 64:

    consulibus deos hominesque testantibus,

    Liv. 4, 53, 5:

    Jovem et laesi foederis aras,

    Verg. A. 12, 496:

    vos, aeterni ignes, et non violabile vestrum testor numen,

    id. ib. 2, 155:

    Theseus infernis, superis testatur Achilles, Hic Ixioniden, ille Menoetiaden,

    Prop. 2, 1, 37:

    volnera testor,

    Ov. F. 4, 885:

    id testor deos, Ter Hec. 3, 5, 26: hoc vos, judices, testor,

    Cic. Sull. 12, 35.
    1.
    Act. collat. form testo, āre, acc. to Prisc. p. 797 P.—
    2.
    Pass. (acc. to I. B.), Cic. Fl. 11, 26:

    cum aliorum monumentis tum Catonis oratione testatum est,

    shown, proved, attested, Quint. 2, 15, 8; 2, 17, 2; 8, prooem. § 20.—Hence, P. a. in pass. force: testātus, a, um, public, manifest, published (class.):

    ut res quam maxime clara ac testata esse posset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187; 2. 2, 42, § 104;

    1, 16, 48: haec testata sunt atque inlustria,

    id. Fam. 11, 27, 6:

    ut testatum esse velim, de pace quid senserim,

    id. Att. 8, 9, 1:

    nihil religione testatum,

    id. Fl. 11, 26.— Comp.:

    ut res multorum oculis esset testatior,

    Cic. Cael. 27, 64: quo notior testatiorque virtus ejus esset, Hirt. B. G. 8, 42:

    quo testatior esset poena improborum,

    id. ib. 8, 44; Nep. Alcib. 4, 5.— Sup.:

    testatissima miracula,

    Aug. Conf. 8, 6.—Hence, adv.: testātō, before witnesses:

    jussum accipiendum est, sive testato quis, sive verbis, aut per nuntium, jusserit,

    Dig. 15, 4, 1; cf. ib. 18, 6, 1; 45, 1, 122; App. Mag. p. 324, 11.—
    2.
    As is well known or evident, Plin. 8, 36, 54, § 130.—
    3.
    After making a will, testate:

    sive testato, sive intestato, decesserint,

    Dig. 49, 14, 45.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > testo

  • 118 testor

    testor, ātus, 1, v. a. [1. testis].
    I. A.
    Lit. (very rare, and not in Cic.; cf.

    testificor): confiteor: testere licet: signate Quirites,

    thou canst attest it, Ov. P. 4, 15, 11:

    quasi inclamaret aut testaretur locutus est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 172.—
    B.
    Transf., in gen., to make known, show, prove, demonstrate; to give to understand, to declare, aver, assert, bear witness to, etc. (class and very freq.):

    ego quod facio, me pacis, otii, etc.... causā facere, clamo atque testor,

    Cic. Mur. 37, 78:

    auctoritatem hujus indicii monumentis publicis,

    id. Sull. 14, 41:

    nunc illa testabor, non me sortilegos... agnoscere,

    id. Div. 1, 58, 132:

    testatur isto audiente, se pro communi necessitudine id primum petere,

    id. Quint. 21, 66:

    clarissimā voce se nomen Oppianici... delaturum esse testatur,

    id. Clu. 8, 23:

    ea quae accidere testatus antea,

    Sall. H. 4, 61, 10 Dietsch:

    testatus, quae praestitisset civibus eorum, etc.,

    Liv. 25, 10, 8:

    vectigal testandi causā publicum agrum esse imponere,

    id. 31, 13, 7:

    assiduoque suos gemitu testata dolores,

    Ov. M. 2, 486:

    quod Cicero pluribus et libris et epistulis testatur,

    Quint. 12, 2, 6:

    utraeque (venae et arteriae) vim quandam incredibilem artificiosi operis divinique testantur,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138:

    sunt Agamemnonias testantia litora curas,

    Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 21:

    ut pura testantur sidera caelo,

    Tib. 4, 1, 10:

    verba nos testantia gratos,

    Ov. M. 14, 307:

    carmina raros testantia mores,

    id. P. 1, 9, 43:

    campus sepulcris proelia testatur,

    Hor. C. 2, 1, 31:

    numerus autem (saepe enim hoc testandum est) est non modo non poëtice junctus, verum etiam, etc.,

    Cic. Or. 68, 227; Quint. prooem. § 26; 11, 1, 5.—
    2.
    In partic., to publish one ' s last will or testament, to make a will, provide by will for any thing, Cic. Inv. 2, 21, 62:

    cum ignorans nurum ventrem ferre, immemor in testando nepotis decessisset,

    Liv. 1, 34, 3:

    quis dubitaret, quin ea voluntas fuisset testantis, ut is non nato filio heres esset,

    Quint. 7, 6, 10:

    si exheredatum a se filium pater testatus fuerit elogio,

    id. 7, 4, 20:

    primipilari seni jam testato,

    id. 6, 3, 92:

    intestati appellantur, qui cum possent testamentum facere, testati non sunt,

    Dig. 38, 16, 1; 29, 1, 19 pr.;

    49, 14, 45 pr.: nomen testatas intulit in tabulas,

    i. e. into his will, Cat. 68, 122.—
    II.
    To call upon or invoke a person or thing as witness (likewise class.):

    Venus Cyrenensis, testem te testor mihi,

    Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 51:

    vos, di patrii ac penates, testor, me defendere, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 31, 86:

    C. Marii et ceterorum virorum mentis testor, me pro illorum famā propugnandum putare, etc.,

    id. Rab. Perd. 10, 30: omnes deos, with an obj.-clause, id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 2:

    ego omnes homines deosque testor,

    id. Caecin. 29, 83:

    deos immortales,

    id. Clu. 68, 194:

    me potissimum testatus est, se aemulum mearum laudum exstitisse,

    id. Phil. 2, 12, 28 stuprata per vim Lucretia a regis filio, testata cives, se ipsa interemit, id. Fin. 2, 20, 66:

    implorarem sensus vestros, uniuscujusque indulgentiam in suos testarer, etc.,

    id. Sull. 23, 64:

    consulibus deos hominesque testantibus,

    Liv. 4, 53, 5:

    Jovem et laesi foederis aras,

    Verg. A. 12, 496:

    vos, aeterni ignes, et non violabile vestrum testor numen,

    id. ib. 2, 155:

    Theseus infernis, superis testatur Achilles, Hic Ixioniden, ille Menoetiaden,

    Prop. 2, 1, 37:

    volnera testor,

    Ov. F. 4, 885:

    id testor deos, Ter Hec. 3, 5, 26: hoc vos, judices, testor,

    Cic. Sull. 12, 35.
    1.
    Act. collat. form testo, āre, acc. to Prisc. p. 797 P.—
    2.
    Pass. (acc. to I. B.), Cic. Fl. 11, 26:

    cum aliorum monumentis tum Catonis oratione testatum est,

    shown, proved, attested, Quint. 2, 15, 8; 2, 17, 2; 8, prooem. § 20.—Hence, P. a. in pass. force: testātus, a, um, public, manifest, published (class.):

    ut res quam maxime clara ac testata esse posset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187; 2. 2, 42, § 104;

    1, 16, 48: haec testata sunt atque inlustria,

    id. Fam. 11, 27, 6:

    ut testatum esse velim, de pace quid senserim,

    id. Att. 8, 9, 1:

    nihil religione testatum,

    id. Fl. 11, 26.— Comp.:

    ut res multorum oculis esset testatior,

    Cic. Cael. 27, 64: quo notior testatiorque virtus ejus esset, Hirt. B. G. 8, 42:

    quo testatior esset poena improborum,

    id. ib. 8, 44; Nep. Alcib. 4, 5.— Sup.:

    testatissima miracula,

    Aug. Conf. 8, 6.—Hence, adv.: testātō, before witnesses:

    jussum accipiendum est, sive testato quis, sive verbis, aut per nuntium, jusserit,

    Dig. 15, 4, 1; cf. ib. 18, 6, 1; 45, 1, 122; App. Mag. p. 324, 11.—
    2.
    As is well known or evident, Plin. 8, 36, 54, § 130.—
    3.
    After making a will, testate:

    sive testato, sive intestato, decesserint,

    Dig. 49, 14, 45.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > testor

  • 119 tollo

    tollo, sustŭli, sublātum, 3, v. a. ( perf. tollit, Pers. 4, 2:

    tollisse,

    Dig. 46, 4, 13) [root Sanscr. tul-, tulajāmi, lift up, weigh; Gr. tal-, tel, in tlênai, talanton; cf.: tuli, tlātus (latus), tolerare], to lift or take up, to raise, always with the predom. idea of motion upwards or of removal from a former situation.
    I.
    To lift up, raise up, elevate, exalt, etc. (syn.: effero, elevo).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.: unus erit quem tu tolles in caerula caeli templa, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 6 Müll. (Ann. v. 66 Vahl.): pileum ad caelum tollit, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 220, 15:

    fulgor ibi ad caelum se tollit,

    Lucr. 2, 325;

    for which also: aliquem tollere in caelum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 24:

    quem (Herculem) in caelum ista ipsa sustulit fortitudo,

    id. Tusc. 4, 22, 50; id. Rep. 1, 16, 25:

    tollam ego ted in collum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 42:

    Phaëthon optavit, ut in currum patris tolleretur: sublatus est,

    Cic. Off. 3, 25, 94; cf. id. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

    aliquem in equum,

    id. Deiot. 10, 28:

    quos in crucem sustulit,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 3, § 7:

    aliquem in crucem,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 5, §

    13: aquila in sublime sustulit testudinem,

    Phaedr. 2, 6, 4:

    in arduos Tollor Sabinos,

    Hor. C. 3, 4, 22 et saep.:

    ut me hic jacentem aliquis tollat,

    Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 2; so,

    jacentes,

    id. Most. 1, 4, 17: mulum suum tollebat Fufius, lifted up, raised up, Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83:

    nequeo caput tollere,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 45:

    sustulimus manus et ego et Balbus,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 2:

    manus,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5:

    gradum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: scorpius caudā sublatā, Lucil. ap. Non. 385, 31:

    lubrica convolvit sublato pectore terga (coluber),

    Verg. A. 2, 474:

    terrā,

    Ov. M. 15, 192:

    de terrā,

    Cic. Caecin. 21, 60:

    se tollere a terrā,

    id. Tusc. 5, 13, 37:

    ignis e speculā sublatus,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 35, § 93.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    Tollere liberos, to take up, i. e. to accept, acknowledge; and so, to raise up, bring up, educate as one's own (from the custom of laying new-born children on the ground at the father's feet; cf.

    suscipio): quod erit natum, tollito,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 3:

    puerum,

    id. Men. prol. 33; Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 21, 42 (Trag. v. 67 Vahl.):

    natum filium,

    Quint. 4, 2, 42:

    nothum,

    id. 3, 6, 97:

    puellam,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 15; cf. id. And. 1, 3, 14.—Also of the mother:

    si quod peperissem, id educarem ac tollerem,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 45.—
    (β).
    Transf., in gen., to get, beget a child:

    qui ex Fadiā sustulerit liberos,

    Cic. Phil. 13, 10, 23:

    decessit morbo aquae intercutis, sublato filio Nerone ex Agrippinā,

    Suet. Ner. 5 fin.
    b.
    Nautical t. t.: tollere ancoras, to lift the anchor, weigh anchor; esp. in part. pass.:

    sublatis ancoris,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 23; id. B. C. 1, 31; Liv. 22, 19, 6. —
    (β).
    Transf. out of the nautical sphere, to break up, proceed:

    si vultis ancoras tollere,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 1.—
    c.
    To build, raise, erect:

    tollam altius tectum,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 15, 33:

    si juxta habeas aedificia, eaque jure tuo altius tollas,

    Dig. 39, 2, 26.—
    d.
    To take on board, carry, of vessels or vehicles:

    navem, metretas quae trecentas tolleret, parasse,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 75:

    naves, quae equites sustulerant,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 28:

    altera navis ducentos ex legione tironum sustulerat,

    id. B. C. 3, 28;

    Auct. B. Afr. 54: tollite me, Teucri,

    Verg. A. 3, 601:

    ut se sublatum in lembum ad Cotym deveheret,

    Liv. 45, 6, 2:

    Maecenas me tollere raedā vellet,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 42:

    Talem te Bacchus... sustulit in currus,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 157. —
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To raise, lift, lift up, elevate, set up, etc.: tollitur in caelum clamor exortus utrimque, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 422 Vahl.):

    clamorem in caelum,

    Verg. A. 11, 745:

    clamores ad sidera,

    id. ib. 2, 222; cf.:

    clamor magnus se tollit ad auras,

    rises, id. ib. 11, 455:

    clamor a vigilibus tollitur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94:

    clamorem,

    Flor. 3, 8, 6:

    cachinnum,

    Cic. Fat. 5, 10:

    risum,

    Hor. A. P. 381: litterulae meae tui desiderio oblanguerunt: hac tamen epistulā oculos paulum sustulerunt, have opened [p. 1877] their eyes again, have reanimated them, Cic. Fam. 16, 10, 2.—Esp. with animos: ne in secunda tollere animos et in mala demittere, to elevate, Lucil. ap. Non. 286, 6:

    animos,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 8, 10; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 57:

    animos alicui,

    to raise, excite, animate, Liv. 3, 67, 6:

    nec dubium est quin omnis Hispania sublatura animos fuerit,

    id. 35, 1, 3;

    opp. abicere animos,

    Sen. Ben. 3, 28, 7:

    aliquid dicendo augere et tollere altius (opp. extenuare et abicere),

    Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 104:

    ad caelum te tollimus verissimis ac justissimis laudibus,

    id. Fam. 15, 9, 1:

    monumentum illud, quod tu tollere laudibus solebas,

    id. Att. 4, 16, 8 (14):

    nostras laudes in astra,

    id. ib. 2, 25, 1:

    Daphnim tuum ad astra,

    Verg. E. 5, 51:

    tergeminis tollere honoribus,

    Hor. C. 1, 1, 8:

    vos Tempe tollite laudibus,

    id. ib. 1, 21, 9 (cf. also Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1; v. infra, II. A. 2.):

    supra modum se tollens oratio,

    Quint. 4, 2, 61; cf.:

    se eadem geometria tollit ad rationem usque mundi,

    id. 1, 10, 46; 1, 2, 26:

    amicum Tollere (i. q. consolari),

    to cheer up, console, Hor. S. 2, 8, 61.—
    2.
    To take on one, assume, bear, endure:

    providere non solum quid oneris in praesentia tollant,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 1:

    at Apollodorus poenas sustulit,

    id. N. D. 3, 33, 82. —
    II.
    To take up a thing from its place, to take away, remove, to bear or carry away, make way with, take away with one (syn.: aufero, adimo).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.:

    frumentum de areā,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 36:

    solem e mundo tollere videntur, qui amicitiam e vitā tollunt,

    id. Lael. 13, 47:

    ut aliquis nos deus ex hac hominum frequentiā tolleret,

    id. ib. 23, 87:

    simulacra ex delubris,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 1, 3; so,

    pecunias e fano,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 105:

    sphaeram ex urbe (Syracusis),

    Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 21:

    praedam,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 14:

    posita,

    id. ib. 6, 17:

    patinam,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 80; cf.:

    his sublatis,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 10:

    mensam tolli jubet,

    Cic. Pis. 27, 67:

    me per hostes Denso paventem sustulit aëre,

    Hor. C. 2, 7, 14:

    jubet sublata reponi Pocula,

    Verg. A. 8, 175:

    cuncta,

    id. ib. 8, 439:

    tecum me tolle per undas,

    id. ib. 6, 370:

    me quoque tolle simul,

    Ov. M. 11, 441:

    tollite me, Libyes, comitem poenaeque necisque,

    Sil. 6, 500.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    Pregn., to take off, carry off, make away with, to kill, destroy, ruin, etc.:

    aliquem de medio,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 7, 20:

    aliquem e medio,

    Liv. 24, 6, 1:

    aliquem ferro, veneno,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 33, 81:

    Titanas fulmine (Juppiter),

    Hor. C. 3, 4, 44: quem febris una potuit tollere, Lucil. ap. Non. 406, 25:

    me truncus illapsus cerebro Sustulerat, nisi, etc.,

    Hor. C. 2, 17, 28:

    tollet anum vitiato melle cicuta,

    id. S. 2, 1, 56:

    sorbitio tollit quem dira cicutae,

    Pers. 4, 2:

    majores nostri Carthaginem et Numantiam funditus sustulerunt,

    laid waste, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35:

    ademptus Hector Tradidit fessis leviora tolli Pergama Graiis,

    Hor. C. 2, 4, 11.—In a play with I. B. supra: te dixisse, laudandum adulescentem (Caesarem), ornandum, tollendum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1; cf.:

    se non esse commissurum, ut tolli posset,

    id. ib. 11, 20, 1.—
    b.
    Milit. t. t.: tollere signa, to break up for marching, to decamp, Caes. B. C. 2, 20; Auct. B. Alex. 57, 1.—
    B.
    Trop., to do away with, remove; to abolish, annul, abrogate, cancel (very freq., esp. in Cic.;

    syn.: oblittero, aboleo): rei memoriam tollere ac delere,

    Cic. Quint. 21, 70; cf.

    metum,

    id. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:

    sublatā benevolentiā amicitiae nomen tollitur,

    id. Lael. 5, 19; cf.:

    maximum ornamentum amicitiae tollit, qui ex eā tollit verecundiam,

    id. ib. 22, 82:

    dubitationem,

    id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

    errorem,

    id. ib. 1, 24, 38:

    librariorum menda,

    id. Att. 13, 23, 2:

    ut id nomen ex omnibus libris tollatur,

    id. ib. 13, 44, 3:

    legem,

    id. Leg. 2, 12, 31:

    veteres leges novis legibus,

    id. de Or. 1, 58, 247:

    dictaturam funditus ex re publicā,

    id. Phil. 1, 1, 3:

    sublato Areopago,

    id. Rep. 1, 27, 43:

    deos,

    to deny the existence of, id. N. D. 1, 30, 85; id. Ac. 2, 11, 33:

    diem,

    to consume in speechmaking, id. Leg. 3, 18, 40; id. Dom. 17, 45:

    morbus facile tollitur,

    is removed, Cels. 2, 14; 4, 18; so,

    dolores et tumores,

    Plin. 26, 12, 75, § 122:

    foeditates cicatricum maculasque,

    id. 33, 6, 35, § 110:

    muliebrem luctum,

    Hor. Epod. 16, 39:

    querelas,

    id. Ep. 1, 12, 3.—Hence,

    sublātus

    , a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B.), elated, proud, haughty (rare):

    quo proelio sublati Helvetii,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 15:

    hac victoriā,

    id. ib. 5, 38: quibus omnibus rebus, id. B. C. 2, 37:

    rebus secundis,

    Verg. A. 10, 502:

    gloriā,

    Tac. A. 13, 11 et saep.:

    fidens magis et sublatior ardet,

    Ov. Hal. 54. — Adv.:

    sublātē

    , highly, loftily. *
    1.
    Lit.:

    Nilus diebus centum sublatius fluens, minuitur postea,

    higher, Amm. 22, 15, 12. —
    2.
    Trop.:

    sublate ampleque dicere (opp. attenuate presseque),

    loftily, with elevation, Cic. Brut. 55, 201:

    sublatius dicere,

    more proudly, id. Dom. 36, 95:

    sublatius insolescentes,

    Amm. 15, 12, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tollo

  • 120 tum

    tum, adv. demonstr., of time [pronom. demonstr. stems to-, ta-; Gr. to, seen in ita, tam, etc.; cf. quom or cum], then.
    I.
    Absol.
    A.
    Referring to a time previously specified.
    1.
    To a definite past time.
    (α).
    To a period of time in which something was or happened (opp. later periods) = illis temporibus:

    is dictu'st ollis popularibus olim Qui tum vivebant homines,

    Enn. Ann. v. 308 Vahl.:

    quod tum erat res in pecore et locorum possessionibus, i. e. Romuli temporibus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 9, 16:

    cum illi male dicerent, quod tum fieri licebat, i. e. Periclis temporibus,

    id. de Or. 3, 34, 138:

    erat omnino tum mos ut faciles essent in suum cuique tribuendo,

    id. Brut. 21, 85; cf. id. Tusc. 1, 46, 111:

    vastae tum in his locis solitudines erant,

    Liv. 1, 4, 6; 2, 6, 8; 3, 29, 3; 4, 6, 12; 42, 62, 11;

    44, 9, 4: ut tum erant tempora,

    Nep. Att. 1, 2; 12, 3; Liv. 1, 3, 3; 1, 8, 4; 2, 7, 4; 2, 9, 8; 2, 50, 2; 2, 63, 6;

    39, 6, 7 and 9.—With illis temporibus: nam jam tum illis temporibus fortius... loquebantur quam pugnabant,

    Nep. Thras. 2, 4.—
    (β).
    Referring to a point of time, then, at that time:

    insigneita fere tum milia militum octo Duxit,

    Enn. Ann. v. 336 Vahl.: ut jacui exsurgo;

    ardere censui aedis: ita tum confulgebant,

    Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 15:

    jam duo restabant fata tum,

    id. Bacch. 4, 9, 35; id. Cist. 1, 3, 14: quot eras annos gnatus tum, quom, etc.? Me Septuennis, nam tum dentes mihi cadebant primulum, id. Men. 5, 9, 56; id. Merc. prol. 66; id. Most. 1, 2, 49; id. Am. 2, 1, 56; Ter. And. 1, 1, 82: sic igitur tum se levis ac diffusilis aether... undique flexit. Lucr. 5, 467; 5, 837; 5, 911; 5, 432;

    5, 942: atque huic anno proximus Sulla consule et Pompejo fuit. Tum P. Sulpicii in tribunatu, cottidie contionantis, totum genus dicendi cognovimus,

    Cic. Brut. 89, 306; id. Ac. 2, 22, 69:

    scribit Eudemum Pheras venisse, quae erat urbs in Thessalia tum admodum nobilis,

    id. Div. 1, 25, 53; id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:

    hi tum in Asia rhetorum principes,

    id. Brut. 91, 316; id. Sest. 11, 26; id. Planc. 37, 90; id. Quint. 61, 170; id. Fam. 9, 21, 2:

    hoc tum veritus Caesar Pharum prehendit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 112:

    eodem anno a Campanis Cumae, quam Graeci tum urbem tenebant, capiuntur,

    Liv. 4, 44, 13; 1, 7, 14; 2, 9, 5;

    2, 37, 7: praetores tum duos Latium habebat,

    id. 8, 3, 9:

    Aemilius, cujus tum fasces erant, dictatorem dixit,

    id. 8, 12, 13; 5, 8, 4; 22, 46, 6;

    1, 7, 12: tum Athenis perpetui archontes esse desierunt,

    Vell. 1, 8, 3:

    tum Cimbri et Teutoni transcendere Rhenum,

    id. 2, 8, 3; Val. Max. 1, 5, 3; Tac. H. 4, 49; 3, 57:

    non timido, non ignavo cessare tum licuit,

    Curt. 3, 11, 5:

    Archiae, qui tum maximum magistratum Thebis obtinebat,

    Nep. Pelop. 3, 2; id. Phoc. 3, 3.—With in eo tempore: eum quem virile secus tum in eo tempore habebat, Asell. ap. Gell. 2, 13, 5.—Repeated by anaphora:

    quae nox omnium temporum conjurationis acerrima fuit. Tum Catilinae dies exeundi, tum ceteris manendi condicio, tum descriptio... constituta est, tum tuus pater, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 18, 52; cf. Lucr. 5, 1377; 5, 1399.—
    (γ).
    Esp., referring to a former state, implying that it no longer exists:

    quaesivit ex lege illa Cornelia quae tum erat,

    Cic. Clu. 20, 55:

    cum sententias Oppianicus, quae tum erat potestas, palam ferri velle dixisset,

    id. ib. 27, 75:

    Caere, opulento tum oppido,

    Liv. 1, 2, 3; 3, 52, 3:

    praetores aerarii (nam tum a praetoribus tractabatur aerarium), etc.,

    Tac. H. 4, 9.—
    (δ).
    Expressly opposed to present time (hodie, nunc, hoc tempore, etc.; class. and very freq.; but in post-Aug. writers tunc is regularly used): prius non is eras qui eras;

    nunc is factu's qui tum non eras,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 138:

    tu nunc tibi Id laudi ducis quod tum fecisti inopia?

    Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 25; id. Hec. 3, 3, 48:

    quae tabula, tum imperio tuo revulsa, nunc a me tamen reportata est,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 112:

    tum imperator populi Romani deos patrios reportabat, nunc praetor ejusdem populi eosdem illos deos... auferebat,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 35, § 77; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 35, § 78; 2, 5, 20, § 51; id. Clu. 31, 86; id. Planc. 9, 22; id. Quint. 22, 71; id. Phil. 14, 8, 21; id. Leg. 2, 22, 57; Caes. B. C. 3, 17; Liv. 5, 3, 5; 6, 15, 11; 10, 9, 6.—
    (ε).
    Opposed to another time specified:

    itaque tum eos exire jussit. Post autem e provincia litteras ad conlegium misit, se, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

    itaque ut tum carere rege, sic pulso Tarquinio nomen regis audire non poterat,

    id. Rep. 2, 30, 53; id. Mil. 21, 55:

    sicut legatorum antea, ita tum novorum colonorum caede imbutis armis,

    Liv. 4, 31, 7; 39, 22, 10; 9, 36, 1; 2, 52, 7; 4, 2, 10; 4, 57, 11;

    21, 17, 1: et tum sicca, prius celeberrima fontibus, Ide,

    Ov. M. 2, 218; Verg. A. 11, 33; Nep. Arist. 2, 3; id. Ham. 11, 7.—
    (ζ).
    In the historians in applying general statements or truths to the state of affairs spoken of: communi enim fit vitio naturae ut invisis atque incognitis rebus... vehementius exterreamur;

    ut tum accidit,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 4; 3, 68; id. B. G. 7, 3; 2, 6; id. B. C. 1, 80:

    foedera alia aliis legibus, ceterum eodem modo omnia fiunt. Tum ita factum accepimus,

    Liv. 1, 24, 4; 1, 32, 14; 21, 31, 12.—
    (η).
    Denoting coincidence or inner connection with an action before mentioned = a temporal clause (tum = cum hoc fieret), then, on that occasion:

    quis tum non ingemuit?

    Cic. Vatin. 13, 31:

    ne tum quidem hominum venustatem et facetias perspicere potuisti? i. e. cum coronam auream imponebant,

    id. Fl. 31, 76: apud imperitos tum illa dicta sunt;

    nunc agendum est subtilius,

    id. Fin. 4, 27, 74:

    itaque tum Stajenus condemnatus est,

    i. e. in that trial, id. Clu. 36, 101; id. Sen. 7, 22:

    M. Porcius Cato qui, asper ingenio, tum lenem mitemque senatorem egit,

    Liv. 45, 25; Val. Max. 8, 3, 3:

    sed tum supplicia dis... decernuntur,

    Tac. A. 3, 64; 3, 72:

    Graecia tum potuit Priamo quoque flenda videri,

    Ov. M. 14, 474.—

    With the occasion referred to specified in the same clause: Manlius... ex petulanti scurra in discordiis civitatis ad eam columnam tum suffragiis populi pervenerat,

    Cic. Clu. 13, 39:

    emisti tum in naufragio hujus urbis... tum, inquam, emisti ut, etc.,

    id. Prov. Cons. 4, 7.—Repeated by anaphora: et Capitolinis injecit sedibus ignes. Tum statua Nattae, tum simulacra deorum, Romulusque et Remus cum altrice belua vi fulminis icti conciderunt, Cic. Div. 2, 20, 45;

    so repeated seven times,

    id. Rep. 1, 40, 62.—
    (θ).
    Redundant, the time of the action being clear without it (esp. in Cic.):

    atque hoc tum judicio facto... tamen Avitus Oppianicum reum statim non facit,

    Cic. Clu. 20, 56:

    itaque tum ille inopia et necessitate coactus ad Caepasios confugit,

    id. ib. 20, 57; id. Brut. 23, 90; 39, 145; 43, 161; cf. id. Sull. 18, 51, where tum redundant occurs six times successively.—
    2.
    In oblique discourse, referring to the time of the speaker, = nunc in direct discourse:

    quando autem se, si tum non sint, pares hostibus fore?

    if they were not now so, Liv. 3, 62, 1:

    (dixit Sempronius)... nec tum agrum plebi, sed sibi invidiam quaeri,

    id. 4, 44, 9; 4, 57, 4:

    moenia eos tum transcendere non Italiae modo, sed etiam urbis Romanae,

    id. 21, 35, 9; 5, 21, 7 (in this use nunc is also freq.).—
    3.
    Referring to indefinite time.
    (α).
    Then, at such a time of the year, day, etc., at such a season:

    tum denique tauros in gregem redigo (after Lyra rises),

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 12; 1, 35 fin.; Col. 11, 2, 87.—
    (β).
    With the force of an indefinite temporal clause, at such a time, in such circumstances, i. e. when such a thing happens as has happened:

    qui (porci) a partu decimo die habentur puri, ab eo appellantur sacres, quod tum ad sacrificium idonei habentur primum,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 16; 2, 7, 13:

    deinde cibum sequitur somnus... quia plurima tum se corpora conturbant (i. e. cum cibum ceperunt),

    Lucr. 4, 957; 3, 599; 4, 892; 4, 919;

    4, 1030: quam regionem cum superavit animus... finem altius se efferendi facit. Tum enim sui similem et levitatem et calorem adeptus... nullam in partem movetur,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43; 1, 31, 75; 3, 23, 55; 4, 24, 54; Tac. Dial. 7.—
    (γ).
    With the force of a conditional clause, then, in this instance, if so: immo res omnis relictas habeo prae quod tu velis. Ph. Tum tu igitur, qua causa missus es ad portum, id expedi (i. e. si ita est), Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 39; id. Most. 5, 1, 55; id. As. 1, 1, 93; 2, 2, 64; 3, 3, 36; id. Aul. 3, 6, 31; id. Capt. 3, 4, 108; 4, 2, 78: non potitus essem;

    fuisset tum illos mi aegre aliquot dies,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 7; id. Eun. 2, 2, 50; 5, 1, 23; id. Hec. 3, 5, 12:

    ego C. Caesaris laudibus desim, quas, etc.? Tum hercule me confitear non judicium aliquod habuisse,

    Cic. Planc. 39, 93: scribant aliquid Isocrateo more...;

    tum illos existimabo non desperatione formidavisse genus hoc,

    id. Or. 70, 235; id. Font. 21, 49 (17, 39); id. Tusc. 1, 35, 85; id. Fam. 9, 8, 2; Ov. H. 18 (19), 81: vellem tam ferax saeculum haberemus...;

    tum ego te primus hortarer, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 15, 8.—
    4.
    Referring to future time.
    (α).
    To a definite time before mentioned:

    ut sit satius perdere Quam aut nunc manere tam diu, aut tum persequi,

    i. e. after my future return, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 27:

    jam nunc mente prospicio quae tum studia hominum, qui concursus futuri sint,

    Cic. Div. in Caecin. 13, 42; id. Verr. 1, 13, 37; 1, 10, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 17; id. Marcell. 9, 30:

    tum meae... Vocis accedet bona pars,

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 45.—
    (β).
    With the force of a conditional clause (cf. 3. b, supra), then, in this instance, if so: specta, tum scies. Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 100; cf.:

    quom videbis, tum scies,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 37: tuom incendes genus;

    Tum igitur aquae erit tibi cupido, etc.,

    id. Trin. 3, 2, 50; id. Curc. 2, 3, 17:

    confer sudantes, ructantes, refertos epulis... tum intelleges, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 100; id. Planc. 18, 45; id. Phil. 2, 45, 115:

    agedum, dictatorem creemus... Pulset tum mihi lictorem qui sciet, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 29, 12; Cic. Phil. 10, 3, 6; id. Or. 23, 78; 71, 235; Liv. 4, 22, 11; 5, 16, 10; 9, 11, 4.—
    B.
    Referring to a time subsequent to a time mentioned, then, thereupon.
    1.
    Simple sequence in time.
    (α).
    Time proper (only of an immediate sequence;

    otherwise deinde, postea, etc., are used): tum cum corde suo divum pater atque hominum rex Effatur, etc.,

    Enn. Ann. 179:

    dico ei quo pactod eam viderim erilem nostram filiam sustollere. Extimuit tum illa,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 9; id. Bacch. 3, 3, 29; id. As. 4, 1, 58: tum ille egens forte adplicat Primum ad Chrysidis patrem se. Ter. And. 5, 4, 21; id. Eun. 3, 1, 17; Cato, R. R. 48 (49); 135 (136); so id. ib. 112 (113): equos quinto anno... amittere binos (dentes);

    tum renascentes eis sexto anno impleri,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2 sq.: collo [p. 1909] cari jussit hominem in aureo lecto, abacosque complures ornavit... Tum ad mensam eximia forma pueros jussit consistere, eosque, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 61:

    dixerat hoc ille, cum puer nuntiavit venire ad eum Laelium... Tum Scipio e cubiculo est egressus, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 12, 18; id. Div. 2, 66, 135; id. Clu. 14, 40; id. Cat. 3, 5, 10; id. Ac. 2, 5, 13; id. Div. 1, 35, 77:

    hostes suos ab oppugnatione reduxerunt. Tum suo more conclamaverunt ut, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 26; cf. id. ib. 7, 64; 5, 43 fin.;

    5, 48: adsurgentem ibi regem cuspide ad terram adfixit. Tum spolia caputque abscisum spiculo gerens... hostes fudit,

    Liv. 4, 19, 5; 5, 21, 1; 1, 26, 9; 1, 18, 10; 1, 20, 1; 1, 22, 6; 1, 28, 4; 1, 28, 9; 2, 24, 4;

    3, 8, 11, etc.: tum Caesar cum exercitu Thessaliam petit,

    Vell. 2, 52, 1; Val. Max. 5, 1, 3; Curt. 4, 3, 7; Tac. A. 3, 28; 11, 35; id. H. 4, 84; Ov. M. 2, 122; 4, 80; 7, 121; 10, 481; 14, 386; Flor. 1, 13, 12; Gell. 1, 19, 5; 1, 23, 5.—
    (β).
    In partic., foll. by an abl. absol.:

    tum, prope jam perculsis aliis tribunis, A. Verginius Caesoni capitis diem dicit,

    Liv. 3, 11, 9; 8, 32, 1; 10, 29, 12:

    tum omni spe perdita, Meherdates dolo ejus vincitur, traditurque victori,

    Tac. A. 12, 15; 12, 16:

    tum, ferro extracto, confestim exanimatus est,

    Nep. Epam. 9, 4.—
    (γ).
    Implying a connection between two events, hence, under these circumstances, accordingly, thereupon:

    at pater omnipotens ira tum percitus acri... Phaethonta... Deturbavit in terram,

    Lucr. 5, 399:

    madefactum iri Graeciam sanguine... tum neque te ipsum non esse commotum, Marcumque Varronem et M. Catonem... vehementer esse perterritos,

    Cic. Div. 1, 32, 68; cf. id. ib. 1, 34, 76; Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf. id. ib. 5, 49; 5, 51;

    7, 59: quippe quibus nec domi spes prolis, nec cum finitimis conubia essent. Tum ex consilio patrum Romulus legatos circa vicinas gentes misit,

    Liv. 1, 9, 2; 3, 26, 1; 3, 31, 7; 4, 45, 7.—
    2.
    Enumeration of a series of events; the co-ordinate clauses introduced by tum... tum, or primum (primo)... deinde... tum, etc.
    (α).
    Succession of time proper:

    ducem Hannibali unum e concilio datum (a Jove), tum ei ducem illum praecepisse ne respiceret, illum autem respexisse, tum visam beluam vastam, etc.,

    Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49; 1, 27, 57; 2, 28, 58 sq.:

    primo... deinde... tum... tum,

    id. Fin. 1, 16, 50; 5, 23, 65; id. Tusc. 5, 2, 5:

    primum... deinde... tum... postremo,

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 3; 3, 3, 6: primum colonos inde Romanos expulit: inde in Latinam viam transgressus, etc., inde Lavinium recepit; tum deinceps Corbionem, Vitelliam;

    postremum, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 39, 4:

    primi consules sub jugum missi, tum ut quisque gradu proximus erat, tum deinceps singulae legiones,

    id. 9, 6, 1:

    primo... deinde... tum... tum,

    id. 21, 22, 8; id. praef. 9; 3, 28, 8: 5, 39, 7;

    23, 23, 6: deinde... deinde... Tum... post quas, etc.,

    Curt. 3, 3, 24: primum... deinde... deinde... tum... postea, Masur. Gabin. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 5; Gai. Inst. 4, 60.—
    (β).
    So in partic.: tum (also hic, et;

    not deinde or postea), to denote the succession of speakers in dialogue: immo duas dabo, inquit adulescens... Tum senex ille: Si vis, inquit, quattuor sane dato,

    Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 46 dub.:

    tum Piso... inquit, etc. Tum Quintus... inquit, etc. Hic ego... inquam, etc. Tum ille... inquit, etc. Tum Piso... inquit, etc. Et ille ridens... inquit, etc. Tum Piso exorsus est, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 2 sqq.:

    tum Atticus... inquit, etc. Tum ille... inquit, etc. Tum Brutus, etc. Tum ille, etc. Tum Atticus, etc. Tum Pomponius... inquit, etc.,

    id. Brut. 3, 11 sqq., and through the whole treatise; cf. id. Ac. 1, 2, 4; 1, 3, 9; 1, 4, 13; 1, 12, 43 and 44; 2, 19, 63; id. N. D. 1, 6, 15 sqq.; id. Rep. 1, 13, 19 sqq.; Liv. 7, 10, 2 sqq.; 23, 12, 8; Tac. Dial. 3; 15; 25; 42; Gell. 3, 1, 11 sqq.; 18, 1, 9 sqq.; Ov. M. 14, 594.—
    (γ).
    Transf., of sequence or succession of thought, passing into mere co-ordination (v. C. 2. b, g), then... again... furthermore:

    qui mi in cursu obstiterit, faxo vitae is obstiterit suae. Prius edico ne quis, etc. Tum pistores scrofipasci qui, etc. Tum piscatores.... Tum lanii autem qui, etc.,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 28; 4, 2, 34; 4, 2, 39: (res familiaris) primum bene parta sit, tum quam plurimis se utilem praebeat, deinde augeatur ratione, diligentia, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92; id. Ac. 2, 47, 146; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68 sq.; 5, 40, 117; id. Ac. 2, 10, 30; id. de Or. 1, 42, 190; id. Cat. 4, 3, 5; id. Agr. 1, 2, 5; id. Clu. 2, 6; Liv. 3, 26, 11.—
    C.
    Hence, as co-ordinating conjunction, introducing an additional assertion, or thought.
    1.
    Alone, = praeterea, and then, besides, also, moreover, on the other hand (freq. in ante-class. style and in Cic.;

    rare in Livy and post-Aug. prose): argenti aurique advexit multum, lanam purpuramque multam... tum Babylonica peristromata, etc.,

    Plaut. Stich. 2, 3, 54; id. Rud. 2, 4, 10; id. Bacch. 4, 3, 71; 4, 8, 17; id. Ps. 3, 2, 78; id. Aul. 1, 2, 6; 1, 3, 16; id. Men. 5, 5, 41; id. Mil. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 1, 3, 15; 4, 2, 3; Ter. And. 1, 5, 27; 1, 2, 21; 2, 3, 7; id. Eun. prol. 4; 5, 6, 15; id. Heaut. 2, 1, 16; Lucr. 4, 680; cf. id. 1, 494; 4, 1152:

    magnum ingenium L. Luculli, magnumque optimarum artium studium, tum omnis ab eo percepta doctrina... caruit omnino rebus urbanis,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 1; 2, 14, 43; id. Div. 1, 24, 50; 1, 42, 94; id. de Or. 1, 46, 201; id. Off. 1, 6, 19; id. Fin. 1, 6, 21; 2, 16, 53; id. Leg. 1, 5, 17; 1, 9, 26; id. Rab. Post. 14, 40; id. Phil. 13, 12, 26:

    altera ex parte Bellovaci instabant, alteram Camulogenus tenebat: tum legiones a praesidio interclusas maximum flumen distinebat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 59; id. B. C. 3, 49: naves convenerunt duae Punicae quinqueremes;

    duae ab Heraclea triremes... tum quinque Rhodiae quadriremes,

    Liv. 42, 56, 6; 1, 40, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 4; Just. 5, 10, 3.—Sometimes connecting two terms of the same clause, with the force of cum... tum (v. infra, 3. d.):

    quot me censes homines jam deverberasse, hospites tum civis?

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 14:

    faciendum est igitur nobis ut... veteranorum, tum legionis Martiae quartaeque consensus... confirmetur,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 3, 7; Liv. 28, 43, 1 (in co-ordination often with etiam, autem, and sometimes with praeterea and porro; v. III. infra).—
    2.
    Tum as correlative of a preceding tum.
    (α).
    With an added assertion or thought: ita est haec hominum natio: voluptarii atque potatores, Tum sycophantae... plurimi In urbe habitant;

    tum meretrices mulieres Nusquam perhibentur blandiores gentium,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 100; 3, 1, 102.—
    (β).
    Tum... tum = nunc... nunc (modo... modo), sometimes... sometimes, now... now, at one time... at another (freq. in Cic., not in Caes., rare in Liv., and very rare in postAug. writers):

    tum huc, tum illuc inretitos impedit piscis,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 17:

    tum hoc mihi probabilius, tum illud videtur,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 134:

    mihi... tum hoc tum illud probabilius videtur,

    id. Off. 3, 7, 33; so id. Am. 4, 13; id. Sen. 13, 45; id. Top. 7, 31; id. N. D. 2, 19, 49:

    (alvus) tum restringitur, tum relaxatur,

    id. ib. 2, 54, 136; id. Rep. 3, 13 (14), 23; id. Leg. 2, 7, 16; id. Or. 63, 212; id. Sen. 3, 7; id. Inv. 1, 37, 66:

    dictator tum appellare tum adhortari milites,

    Liv. 8, 39, 4; Suet. Ner. 1; Gell. 1, 11, 15.—Tum may be repeated several times:

    plerique propter voluptatem tum in morbos graves, tum in damna, tum in dedecora incurrunt,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 14, 47; 3, 7, 26;

    so three times,

    id. N. D. 1, 12, 29; 1, 14, 37; 1, 15, 39; id. Inv. 1, 52, 98; id. Or. 3, 45, 177; id. Off. 1, 7, 22; id. Leg. 2, 17, 43; id. Top. 25, 96;

    four times,

    id. N. D. 1, 43, 120; 2, 20, 52; 2, 39, 101; id. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 75;

    five times,

    id. N. D. 2, 5, 14; id. Inv. 1, 13, 17; 1, 41, 76; id. Verr. 2, 5, 36, § 94;

    six times,

    id. ib. 1, 53, 120;

    seven times,

    Quint. 9, 4, 133;

    nine times,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 50, 51.—And in chronological order (to be distinguished from the instances B. 2. a and g):

    Atheniensium (rem publicam constituerunt) tum Theseus, tum Draco, tum Solo, tum Clisthenes, tum multi alii,

    at different times, successively, Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 2.—
    (γ).
    Preceded or followed by other co-ordinate words (alias, modo, aliquando, aut... aut, nunc... nunc):

    ex quo intellegitur qualis ille sit quem tum moderatum, alias modestum, tum temperantem, alias constantem continentemque dicimus,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 36:

    tum... tum... aliquando,

    id. Div. 2, 2, 6:

    tum... tum... aut... aut,

    id. Or. 61, 204:

    modo... tum autem,

    id. N. D. 2, 40, 142:

    nunc... nunc... tum... tum,

    Flor. 1, 17, 5.—
    (δ).
    Tum... tum = et... et, both... and, not only... but also, partly... partly, without regard to time, the second term being frequently strengthened by etiam (mostly post-Aug.):

    Milo Compsam oppugnans, ictusque lapide tum Clodio, tum patriae, quam armis petebat, poenas dedit,

    Vell. 2, 68, 3:

    Muciam et Fulviam, tum a patre, tum a viro utramque inclitam,

    Val. Max. 9, 1, 8:

    Caesar Pompejo tum proprias, tum etiam filiae lacrimas reddidit,

    id. 5, 1, 10; Quint. 7, 3, 18; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 28; id. Clem. 1, 19, 2; Front. Aquaed. 1; Tac. A. 12, 33; Suet. Tit. 3; Nep. praef. 8;

    and with etiam,

    Val. Max. 2, 2, 8; 5, 9, 1; 7, 6 prooem.; Nep. Them. 2, 3.—
    3.
    As correlative with a preceding cum, introducing particular after a universal or a stronger or more important assertion after a weaker or less important.
    a.
    Connecting complete sentences with different predicates, cum... tum = as... so, while... (tum being not translated; ante-class. cum always with indic.; class. with subj. or indic.):

    quom antehac te amavi, et mihi amicam esse crevi... tum id mihi hodie aperuisti,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 2; id. Truc. 4, 1, 6:

    quom id mihi placebat, tum uno ore omnes omnia Bona dicere,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 69; id. Phorm. 1, 4, 10:

    quae cum res tota ficta sit pueriliter, tum ne efficit quidem quod vult,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 19; id. Tusc. 5, 39, 13; id. Fam. 13, 16, 1; and so with subj., id. N. D. 1, 1, 1; id. Off. 3, 2, 5; id. Lael. 7, 23; id. Brut. 39, 145; 11, 250:

    cum omnium rerum simulatio est vitiosa, tum amicitiae repugnat maxime,

    id. Lael. 25, 91; id. Div. 2, 27, 58; and so with indic., id. Planc. 33, 80; id. Tull. 4, 8; id. Div. in Caecil. 20, 65; id. Sest. 1, 2; id. Fam. 16, 4, 4:

    haec cum merito ejus fieri intellegebat, tum magni interesse arbitrabatur, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 4; 3, 16; id. B. C. 1, 58; Liv. 3, 34, 1; 4, 53, 4.—
    b.
    Clauses with the same predicate, which is placed after the first clause (always with indic.):

    nam mihi, cum multa eximie divineque videntur Athenae tuae peperisse, tum nihil melius illis mysteriis quibus, etc.,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 36; id. Tusc. 4, 18, 42; id. Phil. 2, 5, 12; Liv. 4, 46, 10; 6, 38, 10.—
    c.
    Clauses with a common predicate placed before both co-ordinate terms, cum... tum = not only, but also; as... so especially:

    visa est Arcesilae cum vera sententia, tum honesta et digna sapiente,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 24, 77; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; 2, 35, 119; 3, 1, 3:

    movit patres conscriptos cum causa tum auctor,

    Liv. 9, 10, 1; 4, 57, 2; Suet. Ner. 46 init.
    d.
    With a common predicate after both co-ordinate terms:

    quom virum tum uxorem, di vos perdant,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 103:

    luxuria cum omni aetati turpis tum senectuti foedissima est,

    Cic. Off. 1, 34, 123; id. Clu. 59, 161; id. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 86; id. N. D. 1, 21, 57; id. Deiot. 9, 26; id. Clu. 16, 46:

    concitatos animos flecti quam frangi putabat cum tutius tum facilius esse,

    Liv. 2, 23, 15; 6, 9, 8; 1, 57, 1; 10, 26, 13; Tac. Dial. 5.—With tum several times repeated:

    quem pater moriens cum tutoribus et propinquis, tum legibus, tum aequitati magistratuum, tum judiciis vestris commendatum putavit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 151; cf. esp. id. Planc. 40, 95. —
    e.
    Tum, in this construction, is freq. strengthened,
    (α).
    By vero:

    cum haec sunt videnda, tum vero illud est hominis magni, etc.,

    in particular, Cic. Clu. 58, 159; id. Mur. 27, 55; id. Phil. 3, 5, 12; 7, 3, 9; cf. id. Or. 1, 23, 106; 3, 16, 60; Liv. 34, 39, 9; Quint. 12, 1, 25.—
    (β).
    By maxime, above all, most of all, especially, chiefly:

    cum omnibus in rebus temeritas in adsentando turpis est, tum in eo loco maxime in quo ju dicandum est quantum, etc.,

    Cic. Div. 1, 4, 7; id. Tusc. 4, 1, 1; 5, 12, 36; id. Rosc. Am. 25, 69:

    cum infamia atque indignitas rei impediebat, tum maxime quod, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 56; Sall. J. 43, 5; Liv. 1, 8, 2; Suet. Claud. 30; Quint. 6, 1, 29.—
    (γ).
    By praecipue, especially, chiefly, above all:

    cum omnium sociorum provinciarumque rationem diligenter habere debetis, tum praecipue Siciliae,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 2; id. Fam. 13, 11, 3:

    fortuna quae plurimum potest cum in reliquis rebus, tum praecipue in bello,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 68; Liv. 22, 43, 11; 1, 40, 3; Quint. 1, 1, 29; 1, 10, 13; 5, 10, 106; Plin. Ep. 4, 3, 2.—
    (δ).
    By inprimis, chiefly, principally:

    cum multa non probo, tum illud inprimis quod, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 18; id. Fam. 12, 22, 3.—
    (ε).
    By cumprimis, chiefly, principally: quapropter bene cum superis de rebus habenda Nobis est ratio... tum cumprimis Unde anima atque animi constet [p. 1910] natura videndum, Lucr. 1, 131.—
    (ζ).
    By certe, especially, at least, assuredly:

    at cum de plurimis eadem dicit, tum certe de maximis,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 5, 13; id. Fam. 7, 4; cf. Quint. 2, 1, 10.—
    (η).
    By nimirum, assuredly, undoubtedly:

    cum plurimas... commoditates amicitia contineat, tum illa nimirum praestat omnibus quod, etc.,

    Cic. Am. 7, 23. —
    (θ).
    By etiam, besides, as well:

    cum omnes omnibus ex terris homines improbos audacesque collegerat, tum etiam multos fortes viros et bonos... tenebat,

    Cic. Cael. 6, 14; id. Ac. 2, 10, 31; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2:

    quos tu cum memoriter, tum etiam erga nos amice et benevole collegisti,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 34; id. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 56:

    cum sua virtute, tum etiam alienis vitiis,

    id. Leg. 23, 67; id. Fin. 2, 12, 38; id. N. D. 2, 37, 95; id. de Or. 3, 60, 225; Liv. 1, 21, 2; 7, 23, 6; 7, 32, 10; Val. Max. 7, 2, 3; 3, 2, 10; 9, 6, 3; Quint. 9, 1, 20; 9, 4, 143.—
    (ι).
    By quoque, also, besides, as well:

    cum potestas major, tum vir quoque potestati par hostes trans Anienem submovere,

    Liv. 4, 17, 11; 1, 22, 2; cf. Quint. 12, 10, 72.—
    (κ).
    By et, also, besides, too:

    cujus mortem cum luctus civitatis, tum et dictaturae undecim insignem fecere,

    Just. 19, 1, 7.—
    (λ).
    By praeterea, moreover, besides:

    dicimus C. Verrem cum multa libidinose fecerit, tum praeterea quadringentiens sestertium ex Sicilia abstulisse,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56.
    II.
    Tum as correlative of dependent clauses (freq. in ante - class. writings and Cic., rare in post-Aug. writings).
    A.
    With temporal clauses, introduced by cum, = at the time when, at a time when.
    1.
    Referring to definite past time.
    a.
    Tum as antecedent of cum:

    jam tum cum primum jussit me ad se arcessier, Roget quis, Quid tibi cum illa?

    Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 4; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 21:

    qui (Hercules) tum dolore frangebatur cum immortalitatem ipsa morte quaerebat,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 8, 20:

    bene apud majores nostros senatus tum cum florebat imperium decrevit ut, etc.,

    id. Div. 1, 41, 91; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114; id. Div. 1, 17, 30; id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160; id. Clu. 33, 89; id. Verr. 1, 2, 5; id. Brut. 2, 7; 23, 89; id. Off. 3, 27, 100; id. Agr. 2, 24, 64; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; 3, 4, 11:

    tum mittendos legatos fuisse cum Perseus Graecas urbes obsideret,

    Liv. 45, 3, 7:

    tum cum Vipereos sparsi... dentes,

    Ov. M. 4, 572; id. H. 3, 23; Val. Max. 6, 1, 12.—After pluperf.:

    nam tum cum in Asia res magnas permulti amiserant scimus Romae solutione impedita fidem concidisse,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19; Val. Max. 3, 6, 1; 2, 8, 15 fin. —Tum inserted in the temporal clause:

    cum Davo egomet vidi jurgantem ancillam... quom ibi me adesse neuter tum praesenserat,

    Ter. And. 5, 1, 20.—
    b.
    Tum, introducing the apodosis of the temporal clause (generally not transl. in Engl.).
    (α).
    Of coincident events, cum... tum = while: quom genui tum morituros scivi, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132 (Trag. Rel. v. 361 Vahl.); Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 18:

    cum minime videbamur, tum maxime philosophabamur,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 6; id. Agr. 2, 11, 26; id. Cael. 26, 63; id. Phil. 3, 5, 13:

    cum pavida mulier nullam opem videret, tum Tarquinius fateri amorem, orare, etc.,

    Liv. 1, 58, 3; 5, 11, 4. —
    (β).
    Tum = deinde, usu. after a pluperf.:

    id cum Sulla fecisset, tum ante oppidum Nolam Samnitium castra cepit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72; id. Brut. 92, 319; id. Ac. 2, 3, 9; 2, 3, 15; id. Fin. 1, 8, 26; id. Tusc. 4, 20, 45; id. Div. 1, 25, 53; 2, 2, 7; id. Rep. 2, 25, 47; Liv. 21, 11, 8; cf. id. 1, 26, 7; 23, 22, 4.—Inserted in the apodosis:

    cum jam humanae opes egestae a Veis essent, amoliri tum deum dona,

    Liv. 5, 22, 3.—
    2.
    Referring to definite present time:

    quem esse negas, eundem esse dicis. Cum enim miserum esse dicis, tum eum qui non sit, dicis esse,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12.—
    3.
    Referring to indefinite time.
    a.
    As antecedent of the clause, = at the time when, at a time when, whenever: hominum inmortalis est infamia;

    etiam tum vivit quom esse credas mortuam,

    Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 28; id. As. 1, 3, 55; id. Merc. 3, 2, 7; Cato, R. R. 31:

    nec sibi enim quisquam tum se vitamque requirit Cum pariter mens et corpus sopita quiescunt,

    Lucr. 3, 919; 4, 444; 4, 455;

    4, 1166: omnis praedictio mali tum probatur cum ad praedictionem cautio adjungitur,

    Cic. Div. 2, 25, 54; id. Fin. 2, 32, 104; id. N. D. 2, 3, 9: tum cum sine pondere suci Mobilibus ventis arida facta volant, Ov. H. 5, 109; Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 44; 2, 27, 88; id. Fin. 4, 8, 20; id. Tusc. 3, 9, 20; 5, 26, 73; id. N. D. 1, 4, 9; id. Off. 1, 27, 93.—Tum maxime... cum plurimum = eo magis quo magis:

    eam (partem animi) tum maxime vigere cum plurimum absit a corpore,

    Cic. Div. 1, 32, 70; so, cum maxime... tum maxime; v. b. a foll.—
    b.
    Tum introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    As coincident:

    quom amamus, tum perimus,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 94:

    ulmus, cum folia cadunt, tum iterum tempestiva est,

    Cato, R. R. 17; so id. ib. 155 (156):

    cum ea quae quasi involuta fuerunt, aperti sunt, tum inventa dicuntur,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 26; id. Fin. 5, 10, 29; 1, 17, 57; id. N. D. 2, 52, 129; 1, 19, 49; id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 15.—Cum maxime... tum maxime = quo magis eo magis:

    nam quom pugnabant maxume, ego tum fugiebam maxume,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 45:

    quamobrem omnes, cum secundae res sunt maxume, tum maxume Meditari secum oportet, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 30 poet. —
    (β).
    As subsequent:

    ad legionem quom itum, adminiculum eis danunt tum jam aliquem cognatum suum,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 47:

    eo cum accessit ratio argumentique conclusio... tum et perceptio eorum omnium apparet,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 30; 2, 41, 128; id. Fin. 5, 9, 24; 1, 20, 69; 5, 15, 41; id. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 1, 24, 58; 3, 2, 3; id. N. D. 2, 48, 123; id. Div. 2, 19, 44.—
    4.
    Referring to future time.
    (α).
    Tum as antecedent of cum:

    quom mi haec dicentur dicta, tum tu, furcifer, quasi mus in medio pariete vorsabere,

    Plaut. Cas. 1, 51; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 20:

    non committam ut tum haec res judicetur cum haec frequentia Roma discesserit,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 54; id. Agr. 2, 17, 44; 2, 25, 67; id. Fin. 4, 22, 62; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Liv. 23, 13, 4; 41, 10, 7; Ov. M. 2, 651; id. H. 15, 293; Nep. Them. 6, 5.—
    (β).
    Tum introducing the apodosis:

    quom videbis, tum scies,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 37; 4, 6, 30:

    de quo cum perpauca dixero, tum ad jus civile veniam,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 12, 34; id. Clu. 2, 6; 4, 9; Liv. 3, 56, 10.—
    B.
    With temporal clause, introduced by ubi.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent of the clause (very rare):

    vitem novellam resecare tum erit tempus ubi valebit,

    Cato, R. R. 33:

    tum tu igitur demum id adulescenti aurum dabis, ubi erit locata virgo in matrimonium?

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 52.—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    Referring to definite past time (tum always = deinde):

    ubi eorum dolorem majorem quam ceterorum cognovi, tum meum animum in illos, tum mei consilii causam proposui, tum eos hortatus sum, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 63, § 140; Sall. J. 94, 3:

    ubi illuxit, et Romanis Punica et Gallica arma cognita, tum dubitationem exemere,

    Liv. 25, 10, 5; 1, 9, 10; 4, 57, 3; 9, 43, 16; 21, 25, 12; 23, 11, 4.—
    (β).
    Referring to indefinite time:

    post ubi tempust promissa jam perfici, Tum coacti necessario se aperiunt,

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 8: Cato, R. R. 3 init.; 17:

    ubi jam morbi se flexit causa... Tum quasi vaccillans primum consurgit,

    Lucr. 3, 503; 6, 129; 6, 526.—
    (γ).
    Referring to future time:

    otium ubi erit, tum tibi operam ludo et deliciae dabo,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 13; id. Stich. 4, 2, 14:

    ubi tu voles, Ubi tempus erit, sat habet si tum recipitur,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 32; Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 18; id. Bacch. 4, 3, 72; id. Pers. 4, 7, 19; id. Cas. 3, 2, 27:

    ut ubi id interrogando argumentis firmavero, tum testes ad crimen accommodem,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 55:

    ubi haerere jam aciem videris, tum terrorem equestrem infer,

    Liv. 6, 12, 10; 22, 55, 8.—
    C.
    With a temporal clause introduced by postquam.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent of the clause (very rare):

    Flaminius qui ne quieto quidem hoste ipse quieturus erat, tum vero postquam res sociorum ante oculos prope suos ferri vidit, suum id dedecus ratus, etc.,

    Liv. 22, 3, 7; Val. Max. 3, 8, 1 (v. infra, III. A. 2. a. b).—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis (always = deinde).
    (α).
    Referring to definite past time:

    posteaquam e portu piratae exierunt, tum coeperunt quaerere homines, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38, § 100; Sall. J. 106, 6; 84, 1; id. Cat. 51, 40 (al. tunc):

    postquam satis virium collectum videbat, tum ex suis unum sciscitatum Romam ad patrem misit,

    Liv. 1, 54, 5; 3, 66, 5; 6, 13, 4; 22, 48, 4; 25, 10, 6; Gell. 5, 3, 6.—
    (β).
    Referring to indefinite time: postquam vero commoditas quaedam... dicendi copiam consecuta est, tum ingenio freta malitia pervertere urbes adsuevit, Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 3.—
    D.
    With a temporal clause introduced by ut.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent of the clause (very rare):

    tum vero ingentem gemitum dat Ut spolia, ut currus, utque ipsum corpus amici... conspexit,

    Verg. A. 1, 485; cf. id. ib. 12, 218.—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    Of definite past time:

    nam ut dudum adcurrimus ad Alcesimarchum... tum mi, puto, prae timore hic excidisse Cistellam,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 46:

    sed ut intellectum est quantam vim haberet accurata... oratio, tum etiam magistri dicendi multi subito exstiterunt,

    Cic. Brut. 8, 30; id. Phil. 9, 4, 9; Liv. 24, 44, 10; id. 21, 54, 9; 23, 34, 6.—
    (β).
    Referring to future time:

    neque ut quaeque res delata ad nos erit, tum denique scrutari locos debemus,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 146:

    traditum esse ut quando aqua Albana abundasset, tum, si eam Romanus rite emisisset, victoriam de Vejentibus dari (= si quando),

    Liv. 5, 15, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.—
    E.
    With a temporal clause introduced by quando.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent of the clause.
    (α).
    Of definite past time:

    auctoritatem senatus exstare sentio, tum, quando Alexandro mortuo, legatos Tyrum misimus,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 16, 41.—
    (β).
    Of future time:

    at scire tum memento quando id quod voles habebis,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 41; id. Mil. 3, 1, 213; id. Most. 3, 1, 136; id. Men. 5, 7, 57:

    utinam tum essem natus quando Romani dona accipere coepissent,

    Cic. Off. 2, 21, 75.—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    Of indefinite time (quando = whenever):

    quando esurio tum crepant (intestina),

    Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 27; id. Truc. 1, 1, 15; id. Ps. 4, 7, 85:

    quando mulier dotem marito dabat, tum quae ex suis bonis retinebat reciperare dicebatur,

    Gell. 17, 6, 6; 7 (6), 14, 4.—
    (β).
    Of future time:

    at tu, quando habebis, tum dato,

    Plaut. Men. 3, 3, 23:

    quando ab eadem parte sol eodemque tempore iterum defecerit, tum signis omnibus ad principium revocatis, expletum annum habeto,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

    quando mihi usus venerit, tum quaeram ex te atque discam,

    Gell. 6 (7), 17, 4.—
    F.
    In the apodosis after simul ac:

    an simul ac nubes successere, ipse in eas tum Descendit (Juppiter), prope ut hinc teli determinet ictus?

    Lucr. 6, 402.—
    G.
    With a temporal clause introduced by dum.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent:

    sanctius visum est nomen Augusti, ut scilicet jam tum dum colit terras, ipso numine ac titulo consecretur,

    Flor. 2, 33, 66 (4, 12, 66).—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis:

    dum habeat, tum amet,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 23:

    dum se glomerant... tum pondere turris Procubuit,

    Verg. A. 9, 540.—
    H.
    As antecedent of quamdiu:

    qui cum tibi amicus non modo tum fuerit quamdiu tecum in provincia fuerit, verum etiam nunc sit cum, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 24, § 58.—
    K.
    Denoting a logical consequence after quando and cum:

    quando ergo erga te benignus fui... tum te mihi benigne itidem addecet... referre gratiam,

    Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 35:

    cum magnus numerus deesset, tum iste homo nefarius in eorum locum... substituere coepit cives Romanos,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 72.—
    L.
    After relative clauses denoting time: qua tempestate Paris Helenam innuptis junxit nuptiis, Ego tum gravida expletis jam fere ad pariendum mensibus, Poet. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 219 (Trag. Rel. p. 246 Rib.).—
    M.
    With conditional clauses.
    1.
    With a conditional clause introduced by si, sin, ni (not nisi).
    (α).
    Tum as antecedent of clause:

    tum pol ego interii, homo si ille abiit,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 6; id. Men. 2, 2, 71; Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 40:

    si tenuis causa est, tum etiam argumentandi tenue filum,

    Cic. Or. 36, 124; id. Rep. 1, 40, 62; 2, 9, 15; id. Fin. 1, 19, 63; id. N. D. 1, 6, 13; id. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 112:

    tum vero ego nequiquam Capitolium servaverim si civem in servitutem duci videam,

    Liv. 6, 14, 4; 3, 9, 11; 6, 14, 4; 7, 34, 14; Cato ap. Plin. 29, 1, 7, § 14; Gell. 2, 12, 1 sq.; 4, 13, 1; 14, 2, 21.—
    (β).
    Tum introducing the apodosis:

    si triduum hoc hic erimus, tum arbores in te cadent,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 30; id. Rud. 5, 2, 59; 3, 4, 49; id. As. 1, 3, 89; id. Rud. 1, 3, 13; id. Ps. 4, 1, 1; 4, 1, 48 (39); Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 64; 3, 1, 17; id. Phorm. 1, 3, 19; Cato, R. R. 26; cf. id. ib. 27:

    quod si, ut spero, cepero, tum vero litteras publice mittam,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 3; id. Div. 1, 44, 100; cf. id. Ac. 2, 10, 32; id. Fin. 2, 4, 79; id. N. D. 3, 36, 87; id. Rep. 1, 43, 66: id. [p. 1911] Rosc. Am. 49, 142:

    si dimicandum erit, tum tu in novissimos te recipito,

    Liv. 7, 40, 13; 8, 10, 12; Hor. S. 1, 2, 97; Ov. M. 7, 32.—

    Esp., denoting the consequences of perjury in ancient formulas of oaths: si ego injuste illos homines dedier mihi exposco, tum patriae compotem me numquam siris esse,

    Liv. 1, 32, 7; 1, 24, 8; 22, 53, 11; hence, quid si falles? Me. Tum Mercurius Sosiae iratus siet, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 239; 3, 2, 52; id. Aul. 4, 10, 50; cf. also Liv. 3, 64, 10.—
    2.
    With a condition contrary to fact.
    (α).
    Tum, antecedent of clause:

    tum esset ostentum, si anguem vectis circumplicavisset,

    Cic. Div. 2, 28, 62; id. Verr. 2, 2, 68, § 164:

    tum id audirem si tibi soli viveres,

    id. Marcell. 8, 25; id. Fin. 4, 13, 33; id. Div. 2, 35, 73.—
    (β).
    Tum introducing the apodosis:

    si quidem me amaret, tum istuc prodesset,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 56:

    quodsi omnia nobis quae ad victum pertinent. suppeditarentur, tum optimo quisque ingenio, totum se in cognitione et scientia collocaret,

    Cic. Off. 1, 44, 158. —
    N.
    After an abl. absol.
    1.
    With perfect participles (= postquam or cum... tum), mostly with denique, vero, demum.
    (α).
    Referring to definite past time:

    ut morte ejus nuntiata tum denique bellum confectum arbitraretur,

    Cic. Mur. 16, 34:

    sed confecto proelio tum vero cerneres quanta vis animi fuisset in exercitu Catilinae,

    Sall. C. 61, 1:

    ita rebus divinis peractis tum de bello deque republica dictator rettulit,

    Liv. 22, 11, 1; 2, 29, 1; 2, 29, 3; 3, 56, 1; 5, 50, 8; Plin. 11, 20, 22, § 68.—
    (β).
    Referring to indefinite time:

    hisce omnibus rebus consideratis, tum denique id quod primum est dicendum, postremum soleo cogitare, quo utar exordio,

    Cic. Or. 2, 77, 315.—
    (γ).
    Referring to future time (the abl. absol. = a fut. perf.):

    ita prope XL. diebus interpositis tum denique se responsuros esse arbitrantur,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 31; 1, 18, 54; id. Fin. 4, 13, 32; id. Scaur. Fragm. 10, 22.—
    2.
    With pres. participles (post-class.):

    tacentibus cunctis, tum ipse (dixit), etc.,

    Just. 12, 15, 6.
    III.
    Particular connections.
    A.
    With other particles of time.
    1.
    Jam tum, already at that time, i. e. earlier than might be anticipated:

    jam tum erat suspitio Dolo malo haec fieri,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 8; cf. id. ib. 4, 4, 58; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 34:

    quippe etenim jam tum divom mortalia saecla Egregias animo facies vigilante videbant,

    Lucr. 5, 1169; 5, 1037:

    ut mihi jam tum divinasse ille (Romulus) videatur hanc urbem sedem aliquando summo esse imperio praebituram,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 5, 10; 2, 7, 12; id. Div. 2, 57, 118; id. Tusc. 4, 2, 4:

    jam tum in Palatio monte Lupercal hoc fuisse ludicrum ferunt,

    Liv. 1, 5, 1; 1, 7, 16; 1, 41, 7; 10, 21, 14;

    24, 49, 1: ut jam tum qualis futurus esset ostenderet,

    Suet. Dom. 1; Curt. 4, 6, 29.—
    2.
    Tum demum and tum denique, then only, then at length, then at last, not till then, i. e. later than might be expected, implying delayed action.
    a.
    Tum demum.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    adversisque in rebus noscere qui sit. Nam verae voces tum demum pectore ab imo Eiciuntur,

    Lucr. 3, 58:

    tum demum Liscus, oratione Caesaris adductus, quod antea tacuerat proponit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 5, 33; Sall. J. 46, 1:

    nec ante in campum degressi sunt quam, etc. Tum demum castra Etruscorum pro moenibus Fidenarum posita,

    Liv. 4, 17, 12; 45, 12, 6; 2, 20, 11; 5, 39, 2; 23, 19, 15 et saep.; Val. Max. 1, 6, 10; 1, 7, 4; Curt. 3, 12, 12; Tac. A. 3, 18; 3, 47.—
    (β).
    In partic., referring to clauses introduced by cum, ubi, si, or abl. absol. (v. II. A. B. L. M.), denoting absolute restriction to the terms of the clause:

    imo etiam ubi expolivero, magis hoc tum demum dices,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 60:

    tum demum mihi procax Academia videbitur si aut consenserint omnes, aut, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 13:

    cum is Casilini eo die mansurum dixisset, tum demum cognitus est error,

    Liv. 22, 13, 8; Vell. 2, 115, 4; Val. Max. 3, 8, 1 fin.; 7, 2, 4; Curt. 3, 11, 6; Plin. Ep. 8, 20, 7.—
    (γ).
    Sometimes = nunc demum (anteclass.): victus es, Chaline. St. Tum nos demum vivere. Olympio. Gaudeo, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 65.—
    b.
    Tum denique.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    tum denique tauros in gregem redigo,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5:

    injecta glaeba tumulus is (locus) ubi humatus est vocatur, ac tum denique multa religiosa jura complectitur,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57; id. Fin. 3, 22, 76; id. Tusc. 3, 26, 61: nequiquam temptati ut tum denique desisterent impediendo bello, Liv. 4, 55, 5; Ov. M. 4, 519; 7, 857; 10, 664.—
    (β).
    Referring to clauses with cum, etc. (v. II. A. B. L. M.):

    tum denique homines nostra intellegimus bona quom quae in potestate habuimus ea amisimus,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 33:

    quo cum venerimus, tum denique vivemus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75; 3, 31, 75; id. Leg. 2, 4, 10; id. Rep. 1, 6, 11; so,

    tum denique si,

    id. Fam. 14, 2, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10, § 29; id. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 1:

    indicandum primum fuisse, dein petendum praesidium, postremo ni impetraretur, tum denique querendum,

    Liv. 23, 43, 2; Cato ap. Plin. 17, 18, 29, § 126 (for tum vero denique after ut, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9, v. II. D. 2. a).—
    3.
    Tum primum (rarely primo), then for the first time:

    tum genus humanum primum mollescere coepit,

    Lucr. 5, 1014:

    ludorum gratia quos tum primum anniversarios in circo facere constituisset,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 12; id. Sen. 21, 78; Caes. B. G. 7, 11:

    ponte sublicio tum primum in Tiberi facto,

    Liv. 1, 33, 6; 2, 41, 3; 39, 22, 2; 2, 20, 6; 39, 49, 4; Vell. 2, 37, 5; Tac. A. 2, 27; id. H. 4, 57; Curt. 3, 12, 26. —
    4.
    With deinde, hic, postea, with consecutive force emphatic.
    a.
    Deinde tum (very rare):

    primum ea quae sumus acturi cogitare debemus, deinde tum dicere ac facere,

    Varr. L. L. 6, 6, 62.—
    b.
    Tum deinde.
    (α).
    = tum demum or tum denique, then at length, not till then, then only:

    nonne optime patronus occurrat prius conviciis luxuriae, etc., tum deinde narret de bonis Pallae? etc.,

    Quint. 4, 2, 27; 12, 10, 11:

    emam, aedificabo, credam, exigam, honores geram: tum deinde lassam senectutem in otium referam,

    Sen. Ep. 101, 4; Plin. 16, 44, 95, § 251.—So corresp. with cum:

    quas cum solus pertulisset, tum deinde comitia collegae subrogando habuit,

    Liv. 2, 8, 3 (Weissenb. demum, by conj.); Col. R. R. 1, 6, 13. —
    (β).
    = an emphatic deinde: nam praetermisit quod in prima parte sumere debuit;

    tum deinde eodem ipso quod omiserat quasi proposito ad confirmandum aliud utitur,

    Gell. 2, 8, 3; 13, 24 (23), 1; Just. 2, 1, 19.—
    c.
    With hic:

    hic tum repente Pacilius quidam accedit, ait, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 94:

    hic ego tum ad respondendum surrexi,

    id. Clu. 18, 51; 27, 73:

    hic tum injectus est hominibus scrupulus,

    id. ib. 28, 76; id. Sest. 11, 25.—
    d.
    Tum postea:

    tum postea complorantibus nostris, dies quidem tandem inluxit,

    Gell. 19, 1, 3; so id. 14, 3, 10 (for quid tum postea, v. D. 1.).—
    5.
    With interim:

    unum, alterum, tertium annum Sassia quiescebat... Tum interim, Q. Hortensio, Q. Metello coss.... despondet ei filiam suam,

    Cic. Clu. 64, 179.—
    B.
    With particles of emphasis.
    1.
    Tum vero (sometimes tum enimvero or enimvero tum), then indeed, at that crisis, then if not before, etc., or merely = emphatic then, denoting either coincidence or sequence of action.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    discedit a Melino Cluentia. Tum vero illa egregia mater palam exsultare... coepit,

    Cic. Clu. 5, 14; 22, 61; id. Agr. 1, 1, 3; id. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 107:

    semper equidem magno cum metu incipio dicere... tum vero ita sum perturbatus ut, etc.,

    id. Clu. 18, 51:

    tum vero dubitandum non existimavit quin ad eos proficisceretur,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 8; 5, 37; id. B. C. 1, 82; 2, 42:

    Aruns Tarquinius et Tullia minor... junguntur nuptiis. Tum vero in dies infestior Tulli senectus... coepit esse,

    Liv. 1, 47, 1; 2, 22, 6; 4, 49, 13; 10, 19, 12; 21, 45, 9; 21, 58, 5; Ov. M. 2, 227; 7, 685; Curt. 4, 13, 1; 3, 11, 5; Tac. Agr. 37.—And in enumerations:

    deinde... post autem... tum vero ipsam veterem Karthaginem vendunt,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 5.—
    (β).
    As correlative of temporal or conditional clauses, and after abl. absol.:

    quod ubi Romam est nuntiatum, senatui metum injecit ne tum vero sustineri nec in urbe seditio, nec in castris posset,

    Liv. 5, 7, 4; Sall. J. 94, 3:

    tum vero... si,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 63; Liv. 6, 14, 4 (v. II. M. 1. a, b).—With cum, Liv. 32, 12, 1:

    quae postquam frustra temptata rogumque parari... vidit, Tum vero gemitus... Edidit,

    Ov. M. 2, 621; Sall. J. 106, 6; 84, 1; id. Cat. 51, 40; v. C. 1. b. (so, tum vero denique after ut, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9; v. II. D. 2. and M. 1.).—
    2.
    Tum quidem, at that time, thereupon, then at least (usu. opposed to a later time): dixit sibi in somnis visum esse, etc. Et tum quidem incolumis exercitum liberavit; post triennium autem devovit se, etc., Cic. Div. 1, 24, 51; so,

    actum quidem,

    id. Fl. 25, 59; id. Lael. 11, 39:

    et tum quidem ab Dio Perseus in interiora regni recepit se... post dies paucos, etc.,

    Liv. 42, 39, 1; 1, 57, 10; 3, 2, 10;

    7, 17, 3.—Often in resuming the narrative after a digression: ac tum quidem regem... filium appellat,

    Curt. 4, 7, 25.—Merely emphatic:

    Duillio Cornelioque coss. etiam mari congredi ausus est. Tum quidem ipsa velocitas classis comparatae victoriae auspicium fuit,

    Flor. 1, 18 (2, 2), 7; so id. 1, 22 (2, 6), 20; 1, 40 (3, 5), 12.—With cum, Tac. Dial. 11.—
    3.
    Ne tum quidem, not even then:

    num quis horum miser hodie? Ne tum quidem, post spiritum extremum,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89; id. Div. 1, 26, 55; id. Verr. 2, 2, 40, § 98:

    ubi ne tum quidem eos prodire intellexit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 50; 7, 53; Tac. H. 5, 21; Curt. 3, 2, 18.—With cum:

    ille vere ne tum quidem miser cum ab Oroete in crucem actus est,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 92; so id. Tusc. 5, 20, 57; id. Verr. 2, 5, 23, § 59; Liv. praef. 12; 39, 39, 11.—
    4.
    Tum maxime (sometimes tum cummaxime).
    (α).
    Especially at that time, chiefly then: illi sumposia, nos convivia quod tum maxime simul vivitur, Cic. Fam. 9, 24, 35; id. Leg. 2, 11, 26.—With cum:

    quae quidem vis tum maxime cognita est cum... M. Cato, legem suadens, in Galbam multa dixit,

    Cic. Brut. 23, 89; id. Sest. 21, 47; id. Par. 4, 1, 29.—
    (β).
    Just then, just at that moment (not ante-Aug.):

    regi, tum maxime captivos ex Illyrico vendenti,

    Liv. 43, 20, 3; 1, 10, 1:

    per totam aciem vulgatum est, castra amissa esse, et tum cummaxime ardere,

    id. 40, 32, 1; so,

    tum cummaxime,

    id. 43, 7, 8:

    corpus enim suum a caupone trucidatum tum maxime plaustro ad portam ferri,

    Val. Max. 1, 7, ext. 10; 2, 10, 2; 3, 2, 2 fin.; Curt. 3, 4, 14; 6, 6, 10; Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154; Quint. 2, 15, 30; 2, 61, 31; Suet. Caes. 65; id. Calig. 53.—So with cum:

    et quod tum maxime Abydum oppugnaret cum rex ab Attalo et Rhodiis ultro se bello lacessitum diceret,

    Liv. 31, 18, 2; Sen. Ira, 1, 15, 2.—
    (γ).
    Strengthening the co-ordinate tum after cum, so especially; v. I. C. 3. e. b (for cum maxime... tum maxime and tum maxime... cum plurimum, v. II. A. 3. a. b.).—
    5.
    Tum potissimum = tum maxime, just then (rare):

    C. Caesar... tum potissimum acie commissa impeditos religione hostes vicit,

    Front. Strat. 2, 1, 16.—
    6.
    Etiam tum.
    (α).
    Even then:

    etiam tum vivit cum esse credas mortuam,

    Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 28:

    totum se Servilio etiam tum tradidit,

    even then, at so late a time, Cic. Sest. 62, 130:

    etiam tum cum verisimile erit,

    id. Rosc. Am. 20, 57.— So with cum, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154; id. Dom. 13, 23; id. Sest. 38, 81.—
    (β).
    Still, as yet (also as one word; cf. etiamtum, and v. the foll. additional passages), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 19, § 41; id. Fin. 3, 14, 48; id. Rep. 2, 12, 24; id. Arch. 3, 5; id. de Or. 2, 3, 12; id. Brut. 20, 80; id. Off. 2, 14, 47; Caes. B. C. 3, 93; Liv. 5, 40, 10; Val. Max. 9, 6, 3; Tac. A. 3, 72; Suet. Claud. 27 fin.; id. Dom. 22.—

    And with a negation, = nondum: ipsa ego non longos etiam tum scissa capillos,

    not yet long, Ov. H. 8, 79.—
    7.
    Tum etiam.
    (α).
    Followed by si or cum, even if, even when:

    atque equidem filium Tum etiam si nolit, cogam,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 65:

    qui tum etiam cum... circumfusi erant caligine,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 45.—
    (β).
    Then also, then too, besides:

    tum etiam illud cogitatote, sic vivere Cornelium ut, etc.,

    Cic. Balb. 28, 65; id. N. D. 1, 16, 43; so id. Leg. 1, 13, 35; id. Fin. 2, 16, 53; Col. 12 praef.—
    8.
    Tum quoque.
    (α).
    Also then, then likewise, then as before, then as on another occasion mentioned before: ceu lapidem si Percutiat lapis aut ferrum;

    nam tum quoque lumen Exsilit,

    Lucr. 6, 162:

    tum quoque homini plus tribui quam nescio cui necessitati,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 11, 28:

    tum quoque multis milibus Latinorum in civitatem acceptis,

    Liv. 1, 33, 5; 2, 52, 2; 21, 22, 4; Caes. B. C. 3, 37; Ov. M. 14, 369.—
    (β).
    Even then, = etiam tum (rare):

    et tamen tum quoque se absentes triumphare credunt,

    Liv. 45, 38, 13; 39, 41, 3; 39, 47, 11; Ov. H. 17 (18), 190.—
    (γ).
    In orat. obliq. (v. I. A. 2.), even now:

    quod si Romani tum quoque aequa aspernarentur,

    Liv. 42, 62, 7. —
    (δ).
    = sic quoque, even under the circumstances, even as it was, etc. (v. sic, V. 3.): ut si effugium patuisset in publicum, impleturae urbem tumultu fuerint. Tum quoque [p. 1912] aliquotiens integro corpore evaserunt, Liv. 24, 26, 13; 40, 16, 6; 43, 4, 1;

    9, 13, 9: tum quoque, amputata dextra, navem sinistra comprehendit,

    Just. 2, 9, 18.—
    9.
    Tum ipsum = eo ipso tempore, at the very time, just then, even then (only in Cic. in four passages; cf.:

    nunc ipsum): tota igitur ratio talium largitionum vitiosa est, temporibus necessaria, et tum ipsum... moderanda est,

    Cic. Off. 2, 17, 60:

    quem quidem cum sua voluntate ex patria Karthaginem revertisset, tum ipsum cum vigiliis et fame cruciaretur, clamat virtus beatiorem fuisse quam Thorium,

    id. Fin. 2, 20, 65 Madv. ad loc.:

    tum ipsum cum immolare velis extorum fieri mutatio potest,

    id. Div. 1, 52, 118:

    ita (oratores), non injuria, quotienscunque dicerent, id quod aliquando posset accidere, ne tum ipsum accideret, timere,

    id. Or. 1, 27, 123.—
    C.
    Tum with co-ordinating particles.
    1.
    Tum autem.
    (α).
    = praeterea, and then, besides (v. I. C. 1.): turpilucricupidum te vocant cives tui;

    tum autem sunt alii qui te volturium vocant,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 64:

    oves scabrae sunt... Tum autem Surorum nemo exstat qui ibi sex menses vixerit,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 141; id. Mil. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 4, 2, 3; id. Poen. 5, 5, 34; 5, 7, 22; Ter. And. 1, 5, 34; id. Eun. 5, 9, 7; id. Hec. 2, 1, 14; 3, 2, 10:

    tum autem qui non ipso honesto movemur... callidi sumus, non boni,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 14, 41; id. Or. 1, 58, 247; 2, 19, 80.—
    (β).
    = tum... tum:

    visne igitur inter hos populos inambulantes, tum autem residentes quaeramus eisdem de rebus?

    Cic. Leg. 1, 5, 15.—
    (γ).
    = eo tempore, with autem as connective:

    tum illic autem Lemnius... uxorem duxit, etc.,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 25:

    tum autem ex omnibus montibus nives proluit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 48.—
    (δ).
    But in this instance:

    uxori emunda ancilla'st: tum autem pluscula Supellectile opus est,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 60; 5, 7, 25 sq.—
    2.
    For tum etiam, v. B. 7. b.—
    3.
    Tum praeterea:

    nam tui similis est probe. Tum praeterea talem, nisi tu, nulla pareret filium,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 20; so id. Ad. 3, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 33; Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56 (v. I. C. 3. e. l).—
    4.
    Tum porro:

    tum porro venti magnam quoque tollere partem Umoris possunt,

    Lucr. 6, 623; 4, 829 (827).—
    D.
    Quid tum?
    1.
    In dialogue, what then? what next? what further? novi ego hos pugnos meos. Ca. Quid tum? Th. Quid tum? Rogitas? Hisce ego, si tu me inritaveris, placidum te hodie reddam, Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 49; so id. As. 2, 2, 83; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 47; 3, 5, 66; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 8.—And strengthened:

    quid tum postea?

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; id. As. 2, 2, 68; 2, 2, 79; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 78; 4, 2, 9; 4, 7, 23; id. Ad. 4, 5, 15; id. Hec. 4, 1, 36: videsne abundare me otio? A. Quid tum? Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 26.—
    2.
    In imitation of a dialogue:

    at mulctantur bonis exsules. Quid tum? Parumne multa de toleranda paupertate dicuntur?

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 107; so id. Quint. 22, 72; 27, 84; id. Verr. 2, 4, 59, § 132; id. Dom. 47, 123; id. Dejot. 7, 22; id. Phil. 1, 10, 26; Hor. S. 2, 3, 230.—
    3.
    As emphatic co-ordinative in quoting the different items of a document, law, etc.: quive in senatu sententiam dixit, dixerit. Quid tum? Qui eorum coiit, coierit, etc., what next? i. e. and then, listen! Cic. Clu. 54, 148; so id. Agr. 1, 5, 16; 3, 3, 11; id. Mur. 12, 26; id. Fl. 23, 55.—
    E.
    Tum temporis = eo tempore (post class. and rare; cf.:

    tunc temporis): postera die civitas principem suum, ac tum temporis consulem in foro expectabat,

    Just. 31, 2, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tum

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