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retain

  • 1 retineō

        retineō tinuī, tentus, ēre    [re-+teneo], to hold back, keep back, keep, detain, retain, restrain: me, T.: concilium dimittit, Liscum retinet, Cs.: in loco milites, Cs.: venit id tempus, ut retinendus esset, must be kept (to dinner): biduum tempestate retentus, detained, Cs.: nisi iam profecti sunt, retinebis homines: euntem, O.: consulem, L.: naves pro bonis Tarquiniorum ab Aristodemo retentae sunt, i. e. as security, L.: manūs ab ore, O.— To hold fast, keep possession of, retain, keep: arcum manu: retentā utrāque nave, Cs.: mansuetudine provinciam: oppidum, Cs.—Fig., to hold in check, keep within bounds, restrain, check, repress: Pudore liberos, i. e. control, T.: cursum in suā potestate: Gaudia, O.: verba dolore, O.: quos natura retinere in officio non potuisset: si ab hostibus metu retenti sumus, L.: lingua retenta metu, O.: aegre sunt retenti, quin oppidum inrumperent, Cs.— To hold fast, keep, retain: amicos observantiā: gravitatem: ferociam animi in voltu, S.: proeliorum memoriam, Cs.: Nec retinent patulae commissa fideliter aures, H.— To keep, preserve, maintain, uphold: retinere in vitā: integram causam: suum ius: pristinam virtutem, Cs.: caritatem in pastores: de finibus retentae defensaeque sententiae: vehementer id retinebatur, ne, etc., was insisted on. —To occupy, engross, fix the attention of: studium in legendo erectum retinetur: animos hominum in legendo: Ore suo volucrīs vagas, O.
    * * *
    retinere, retinui, retentus V
    hold back, restrain; uphold; delay; hold fast; retain,preserve

    Latin-English dictionary > retineō

  • 2 contineō

        contineō tinuī, tentus, ēre    [com-+teneo], to hold together, bound, limit, comprise, enclose, surround, environ: ut trabes artē contineantur, Cs.: oppidum pons continebat, made a connection with, Cs.: hiberna milibus passuum C continebantur, were comprised within, Cs.: loci naturā continentur, are shut in, Cs.: artes inter se continentur, hang together: Zonarum trium contentus fine, O. —To keep together, keep in a body: uno in loco legiones, Cs.: navīs ibi, Cs.: exercitum, L.—To shut in, hem in, surround, hold: munitionibus contineri, Cs.: angustissime Pompeium, Cs.—To hold fast, keep, hold in place, retain: quod recepit: merces (opp. partiri): (naves) copulis continebantur, Cs.: parta a maioribus, Ta.—To keep, detain, shut in, hold, restrain, repress: manūs, keep hands off, T.: unde manum continuit? H.: sub pellibus milites, Cs.: nostros in castris, Cs.: ora frenis, Ph.: ventos carcere, O.: animam in dicendo: se domi, to stay: suo se loco, Cs.: agricolam si continet imber, keeps in doors, V.: suis intra munitionem, Cs.: alqm dextrā prehensum, V.: deprensum hostem, O.: gradum, to halt, V. — To comprise, contain, comprehend: in se vim caloris: genitalia corpora mundus, O.—Fig., to hold together, keep, retain: rem p.: Belgas in officio, Cs.: ceteros in armis, L.: eius hospitio contineri, N.—To hold back, detain, repress, check, curb, stay, stop, subdue: adpetitiones animi: insolentiam suam: Etruriam terrore, L.: animum a consuetā libidine, S.: hos flumina continebant, Cs.: manum iuventus Metu deorum, H.: se male, O.: vix me contineo, quin, etc., T.: non posse milites contineri, quin, etc., Cs.: vix contineor, refrain, T.: Quae vera audivi, keep to myself, T.: libros, keep back: odia tacitis nunc discordiis continentur, are confined within the limits of.—To comprehend, embrace, include, comprise: liber continet res gestas regum, N.: (comitia) rem militarem continent (i. e. in their jurisdiction), L.: fabula continet aestūs, H.: quo more caerimonia continetur, consists, Cs.: quae maxime rem continerent, the principal points, L.: forum, in quo aequitas continetur.
    * * *
    continere, continui, contentus V TRANS
    secure, maintain, sustain; fasten/hold in position; retain, keep safe, preserve; hinder, contain/shut in/confine; stay; restrain/hold back; comprise/form basis; keep/hold/hang together/fast; surround, enclose, contain, limit; concentrate

    Latin-English dictionary > contineō

  • 3 retineo

    rĕ-tĭnĕo, ŭi, tentum, 2, v. a. [teneo].
    I.
    (With the signif. of the re predominating.) To hold or keep back, not let go; to detain, retain; to restrain (class.; cf. restringo).
    A.
    Lit.: Ep. Asta, abire hinc non sinam. Th. Quid nunc me retines? Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 61:

    quotiens foras ego ire volo, me retines, revocas,

    id. Men. 1, 2, 5:

    quid, malum, astas? Quin retines altrinsecus?

    id. Mil. 2, 5, 36; id. Stich. 2, 3, 11:

    te dexterā retinens manu Opsecro,

    id. Capt. 2, 3, 82: si magis vis, eam omittam. Py. Nolo;

    retine,

    id. Mil. 4, 8, 27:

    retine me,

    id. Curc. 2, 3, 11; Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 23:

    concilium dimittit, Liscum retinet,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

    homines,

    Cic. Att. 13, 14, 1:

    ab his fit initium retinendi Silii, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 8; 3, 9; 3, 10 et saep.:

    milites,

    id. ib. 7, 47; 7, 52; cf.:

    milites in loco,

    id. B. C. 3, 92:

    legiones ad urbem,

    id. ib. 1, 2;

    1, 9: cohortes apud se,

    id. ib. 2, 19:

    venit Varro ad me, et quidem id tempus, ut retinendus esset,

    when he must be kept, Cic. Att. 13, 33, 4:

    biduum tempestate retentus,

    detained, Caes. B. C. 3, 102; cf. id. B. G. 7, 1; Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 12; cf.:

    aegre sunt retenti, quin oppidum irrumperent,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 13 fin.:

    vi me, vi inquam, Plancius et complexu suo retinuit,

    Cic. Planc. 41, 100:

    nisi jam profecti sunt, retinebis homines,

    id. Att. 13, 14, 1:

    euntem,

    Ov. H. 18, 99:

    aliquem vinclis,

    id. R. Am. 213:

    consulem,

    Liv. 37, 51:

    morbo retineri,

    id. 34, 10;

    v. also infra, B.: armorum parte tertiā celatà atque in oppido retentā,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 32 fin.; 2, 33:

    naves pro bonis Tarquiniorum ab Aristodemo retentae sunt,

    i. e. as security, Liv. 2, 34, 4:

    vinum portantes naves tempestatibus retentas esse,

    id. 37, 27, 2; Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 45:

    mercedem,

    to keep back, stop, id. As. 2, 4, 37:

    alienum,

    Cic. Fl. 23, 56:

    lacrimas,

    Ov. M. 1, 647:

    manus ab ore,

    id. ib. 9, 575 et saep.:

    mulierem,

    to hold, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 33; cf.:

    mulierem per vim,

    id. Bacch. 4, 8, 2:

    arcum manu,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 74:

    faculas sagittas,

    Prop. 2, 29 (3, 27), 5; cf.:

    injectā manu ferreā et retentā utrāque nave,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 58:

    sudor madidā veste retentus,

    Mart. 5, 79, 3.—
    B.
    Trop., to hold in check, keep within bounds, to restrain, check, repress, etc.: hoc servi esse officium reor, retinere at salutem (erum), Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 8:

    liberos retinere,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 33; Cic. Rep. 2, 25, 46; cf.:

    moderantem cursum atque in suā potestate retinentem,

    id. ib. 1, 29, 45:

    gaudia,

    Ov. M. 12, 285:

    rabiem,

    id. ib. 3, 566:

    verba dolore,

    id. ib. 10, 474:

    aliquem in officio,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 25, 70:

    animos sociorum in fide,

    Liv. 25, 40:

    retineri nequeo quin dicam ea, quae promeres,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 15 (cf. supra, A.):

    quae (varietas) vehementer animos hominum in legendo tuo scripto retinere possit... ordo ipse annalium mediocriter nos retinet,

    binds, enchains, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 4 and 5:

    (picus) Ore suo volucres vagas retinere solebat,

    Ov. M. 14, 340:

    lingua retenta metu,

    id. H. 11, 82:

    retinentibus vobis, erumperem,

    Curt. 6, 3, 5.—
    II.
    (With the signif. of the verb predominant.) To hold fast, keep, retain, preserve, maintain, etc. (freq. only since the class. per.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.; cf. obtineo).
    A.
    Lit.: potius mansuetudine et innocentiā imperatoris provinciam quam vi militum aut benignitate deorum retentam atque conservatam esse, Cato ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 5, 2:

    oppidum,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 21 fin.:

    arces (Minerva),

    to preserve, protect, Cat. 64, 8:

    id egit, ut amicos observantiā, rem parsimoniā retineret,

    Cic. Quint. 18, 59; cf.:

    retinere servareque amicos,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 89:

    summos cum infimis pari jure,

    Cic. Off. 2, 12, 41:

    Aegyptum,

    Curt. 4, 1, 30:

    regionem,

    id. 6, 5, 21:

    neque virtutem qui habet virtute retinetur in vitā,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 18, 61 B. and K.: fortunam citius reperias quam retineas, Publ. Syr. 168 Rib. —
    B.
    Trop.:

    retinete (fidem), post factum ut laetemini,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 30:

    existimo jus augurum... rei publicae causā conservatum ac retentum,

    Cic. Div. 2, 35, 75; so,

    jus suum,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 37; Caes. B. C. 1, 5:

    statum suum,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43:

    pristinam virtutem,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 48, 91; cf.:

    vestigium pristinae dignitatis,

    Cic. Sull. 32, 91:

    officium,

    id. Off. 3, 29, 105:

    justitiam (with colere),

    id. ib. 2, 12, 42 Beier; id. Inv. 1, 1, 3:

    caritatem in pastores,

    id. Lael. 19, 70:

    utilitatem in amicitiā et fidem,

    id. ib. 24, 88:

    hunc morem usque adhuc,

    id. Rep. 2, 20, 36; cf. id. ib. 2, 9, 16:

    de finibus retentae defensaeque sententiae,

    id. Tusc. 5, 30, 84:

    gravitatem retinere, iracundiam pellere,

    id. Off. 1, 38, 137:

    ferociam animi in vultu,

    Sall. C. 61, 4:

    memoriam suae pristinae virtutis, tot secundissimorum proeliorum,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 21; 7, 62:

    aliquid memoriā,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19; id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33:

    commissa (aures),

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 70 et saep.:

    ut Palaemo et Telamo et Plato dicerentur, retinuerunt,

    Quint. 1, 5, 60.— With ne, Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 56.—
    2.
    Post-class. for memoriā retinere, to keep in mind, remember:

    sive ille Hasdrubal est, sive quis alius, non retineo,

    Gell. 17, 9, 16.—With object-clause:

    retineo me dixisse,

    Dig. 35, 1, 92 init. — Hence, rĕtĭnens, entis, P. a., holding fast, tenacious, observant of any thing (class.; cf. tenax); constr. with gen.:

    homo sui juris dignitatisque retinens,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 11:

    nimium equestris juris et libertatis,

    id. Planc. 23, 55:

    avitae nobilitatis,

    Tac. A. 2, 38 fin.:

    modestiae,

    id. ib. 5, 11:

    Seleuci conditoris (civitas),

    i. e. retaining his institutions, id. ib. 6, 42; cf.:

    antiqui moris,

    id. ib. 16, 5 et saep. — Sup.:

    proprietatum in verbis retinentissimus,

    Gell. 10, 20, 10.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > retineo

  • 4 ad-hibeō

        ad-hibeō uī, itus, ēre    [habeo], to hold toward, turn to, apply, add to: manūs medicas ad volnera, V.: ad panem adhibere, eat with: manūs genibus adhibet, i. e. clasps, O.—Fig., to furnish, produce, bring forward, apply, bestow, administer: parti corporis scalpellum: oratio, quae lumen adhibere rebus debet: (oratio) ad volgus adhibenda: alicui voluptates: oratorem, call to one's aid: animum, give close attention, V.—Esp., to bring to, summon, employ: fratrem adhibet, Cs.: adhibitis amicis, S.: leges, ad quas (sc. defendendas) adhibemur, we are summoned: adhibebitur heros, shall be brought upon the stage, H.: aliquem in partem periculi, O. —With ad or in consilium (concilium), to summon for counsel, consult: neque hos ad concilium adhibendos censeo, Cs.: illis adhibitis in consilium: (plebes) nullo adhibetur consilio, Cs.; cf. adhibitis omnibus Marcellis, qui tum erant.—Adhibere aliquem cenae or epulis, to invite to dinner, invite to a banquet, entertain: adhibete Penatīs et patrios epulis, etc., V.: convivio neminem, L.: alteris Te mensis deum (when tutelary gods were invoked), H.: mulieres in convivium.—To treat, handle, act towards: victu quam liberalissime adhiberi: alqm severius.—Adhibere aliquid, to put to use, apply, use, employ for, use in: modum quemdam: adhibitā audaciā et virtute, calling to their aid, Cs.: belli necessitatibus patientiam, L.: curam in valetudine tuendā, N.: fidem in amicorum periculis: modum vitio, to set bounds: memoriam contumeliae, to retain in memory, N.—Esp. in phrase, adhibere vim, to employ compulsion, compel: si hanc vim adhibes, quid opus est iudicio? — Poet.: Munitaeque adhibe vim sapientiae, storm the defences of wisdom, H.

    Latin-English dictionary > ad-hibeō

  • 5 cōn-servō

        cōn-servō āvī, ātus, āre,    to retain, keep safe, maintain, preserve, spare: te, T.: civīs: omnīs, Cs.: rem familiarem diligentiā: simulacra arasque, N.: civīs incolumīs: animum integrum: incolumis ab eo conservatus est, left unpunished, Cs. —Fig., to keep intact, preserve inviolate, guard, observe: ius legatorum, Cs.: ius iurandum: disciplinam: voluntatem mortuorum: maiestatem populi R.: pristinum animum erga alqm, L.

    Latin-English dictionary > cōn-servō

  • 6 corpus

        corpus oris, n    [1 CER-], a body (living or lifeless): solidum et suci plenum, T.: requies animi et corporis: ingenium sine corpore exercere, S.: corpus sine pectore, H.: Corporis exigui, of small frame, H.: dedit pro corpore nummos, to escape flogging, H.: adverso corpore, in front: corpore toto intorquet, with all his might, V.: gravi salubris corpori, i. e. stomach, H.: volgatum, prostituted, L.—Plur., for sing. (poet.): cruciata corpora demittite nocti, O.: Sanguine in corpora summa vocato, the skin, O.— Flesh: ossa subiecta corpori: corpus amisi: fecisti tantum corporis, Ph.: pars versa est in corporis usum, to serve as flesh, O.— A lifeless body, corpse, trunk: per eorum corpora transire, Cs.: occisorum, S.: corpore ambusto: ne corpus eiciatur. — Substance, matter, reality (poet.): Spem sine corpore amat, O.: metuit sine corpore nomen, O.—A person, individual: tuum corpus domumque custodire: delecta virum corpora, V.: excepto corpore Turni, V.: corpora vestra, coniugum, etc., i. e. you and your wives, L.: liberum corpus habere, retain civil rights, S.: defuncta corpora vitā heroum, shades, V.—Of animals: corpora magna boum, heads, V.: septem ingentia (cervorum), V. — A mass, body, frame, system, structure, community, corporation: corpus navium viminibus contextum, framework, Cs.: totum corpus coronā militum cingere, structure, Cs.: rei p.: civitatis, political body, L.: sui corporis creari regem, L.: Romani iuris, L.—A part, particle, grain: quot haberet corpora pulvis, O.
    * * *
    body; person, self; virility; flesh; corpse; trunk; frame(work); collection/sum; substantial/material/concrete object/body; particle/atom; corporation, guild

    Latin-English dictionary > corpus

  • 7 dētineō

        dētineō tinuī, tentus, ēre    [de + teneo], to hold off, keep back, detain, check: a quo incepto me ambitio detinuerat, S.: me detinuit morbus, T.: civium numerum tam bonis rebus: contionibus detinenda plebs, L.: me his oris, V.: nisi quid te detinet, if you have time, H.: me Gratā compede Myrtale, H.: novissimos proelio, Cs.: amor me Martis in armis detinet, V.: in eā legatione detentus, Ta.—Fig., to hinder, prevent, delay: Galliae victoriam, Cs.: se nonum ad diem, to prolong his life, Ta.—Of time, to lengthen, fill: tempus, O.: euntem sermone diem, O.— To keep, occupy, engage, busy: in alienis negotiis detineri: Nos Pallas detinet, O.
    * * *
    detinere, detinui, detentus V TRANS
    detain, hold; hold off, keep away (from); hold prisoner; retain; occupy; hold/keep back (from use); keep, cause to remain; reserve; delay end, protract

    Latin-English dictionary > dētineō

  • 8 habeō

        habeō uī (old perf subj. habessit for habuerit, C.), itus, ēre    [HAB-], to have, hold, support, carry, wear: arma: anulum: arma hic paries habebit, H.: coronam in capite: soccos et pallium: catenas: Faenum in cornu, H.: aquilam in exercitu, S.— To have, hold, contain: quod (fanum) habebat auri: non me Tartara habent, V.: quem quae sint habitura deorum Concilia, etc., V.: Quae regio Anchisen habet? V.: quod habet lex in se: suam (nutricem) cinis ater habebat, V.— To have, hold, occupy, inhabit: urbem, S.: arcem: quā Poeni haberent (sc. castra), L.: Hostis habet muros, V. —Of relation or association, to have: in matrimonio Caesenniam: eos in loco patrui: uxores: patrem: (legionem) secum, Cs.: apīs in iubā: mecum scribas: quibus vendant, habere, Cs.: conlegam in praeturā Sophoclem: civitates stipendiarias, Cs.: cognitum Scaevolam: inimicos civīs: duos amicissimos: eum nuptiis adligatum: quem pro quaestore habuit.— To have, be furnished with: voltum bonum, S.: pedes quinque: Angustos aditūs, V.: manicas, V.— To have, hold, keep, retain, detain: haec cum illis sunt habenda (opp. mittenda), T.: si quod accepit habet: Bibulum in obsidione, Cs.: in liberis custodiis haberi, S.: in vinculis habendi, S.: mare in potestate, Cs.: in custodiam habitus, lodged, L.: ordines, preserve, S.: alios in eā fortunā, ut, etc., L.: exercitus sine inperio habitus, S.: Marium post principia, station, S.: Loricam Donat habere viro, gives to keep, V.: inclusum senatum.—Of ownership or enjoyment, to have, own, possess, be master of: agros: Epicratis bona omnia: in Italiā fundum: quod non desit, H.: (divitias) honeste, enjoy, S.: (leges) in monumentis habemus, i. e. are extant: sibi hereditatem: illam suas res sibi habere iussit (the formula of divorcing a wife): in vestrā amicitiā divitias, S.: nos Amaryllis habet, has my love, V.: habeo, non habeor a Laide: habet in nummis, in praediis, is rich: ad habendum nihil satis esse: amor habendi, V.: Unde habeas, quaerit nemo, sed oportet habere, Iu.— To have, get, receive, obtain: a me vitam, fortunas: imperium a populo R.: habeat hoc praemi tua indignitas: granum ex provinciā: plus dapis, H.: Partem opere in tanto, a place, V.: graviter ferit atque ita fatur, Hoc habet, it reaches him, V.: certe captus est, habet! (i. e. volneratus est) T.— To find oneself, be, feel, be situated, be off, come off: se non graviter: bene habemus nos: praeclare se res habebat: quo pacto se habeat provincia: bene habent tibi principia, T.: bene habet, it is well: atqui Sic habet, H.: credin te inpune habiturum? escape punishment, T.: virtus aeterna habetur, abides, S.— To make, render: uti eos manifestos habeant, S.: pascua publica infesta, L.—With P. perf. pass., periphrast. for perf act.: vectigalia redempta, has brought in and holds, Cs.: domitas libidines: quae conlecta habent Stoici: de Caesare satis dictum: pericula consueta, S.: neque ea res falsum me habuit, S.: edita facinora, L.— To treat, use, handle: duriter se, T.: equitatu agmen adversariorum male, Cs.: exercitum luxuriose, S.: eos non pro vanis hostibus, sed liberaliter, S.: saucii maiore curā habiti, L.— To hold, direct, turn, keep: iter hac, T.: iter ad legiones, Cs.— To hold, pronounce, deliver, utter, make: orationem de ratione censoriā: contionem ad urbem: post habitam contionem: gratulationibus habendis celebramur: quae (querelae) apud me de illo habebantur: verba.— To hold, convene, conduct, cause to take place: comitia haberi siturus: senatum, Cs.: censum: Consilium summis de rebus, V.— To hold, govern, administer, manage, wield: rem p., S.: qui cultus habendo Sit pecori, V.: animus habet cuncta, neque ipse habetur, S.: aptat habendo Ensem, V.—Of rank or position, to hold, take, occupy: priores partīs Apud me, T.: Statum de tribus secundarium.—Fig., to have, have in mind, entertain, cherish, experience, exhibit, be actuated by: si quid consili Habet, T.: alienum animum a causā: tantum animi ad audaciam: plus animi quam consili: amorem in rem p.: in consilio fidem: gratiam, gratias habere; see gratia.— To have, have in mind, mean, wish, be able: haec habebam fere, quae te scire vellem, this was in substance what, etc.: haec habui de amicitiā quae dicerem: quod huic responderet, non habebat: haec fere dicere habui de, etc.: illud adfirmare pro certo habeo, L.—Prov.: quā digitum proferat non habet.—With P. fut. pass., to have, be bound: utrumne de furto dicendum habeas, Ta.: si nunc primum statuendum haberemus, Ta. — To have, have in mind, know, be acquainted with, be informed of: regis matrem habemus, ignoramus patrem: habes consilia nostra, such are: In memoriā habeo, I remember, T.: age, si quid habes, V.—With in animo, to have in mind, purpose, intend, be inclined: rogavi, ut diceret quid haberet in animo: istum exheredare in animo habebat: hoc (flumen) transire, Cs.: bello eum adiuvare, L. — To have in mind, hold, think, believe, esteem, regard, look upon: neque vos neque deos in animo, S.: haec habitast soror, T.: alquos magno in honore, Cs.: Iunium (mensem) in metu, be afraid of: omnīs uno ordine Achivos, all alike, V.: hi numero inpiorum habentur, Cs.: quem nefas habent nominare: deos aeternos: habitus non futtilis auctor, V.: cum esset habendus rex: non nauci augurem: cuius auctoritas magni haberetur, Cs.: id pro non dicto habendum, L.: sic habeto, non esse, etc.: non necesse habeo dicere: eam rem habuit religioni, a matter of conscience: ludibrio haberi, T.: duritiam voluptati, regard as pleasure, S.— To have, have received, have acquired, have made, have incurred: a me beneficia, Cs.: tantos progressūs in Stoicis.—With satis, to have enough, be content, be satisfied: sat habeo, T.: a me satis habent, tamen plus habebunt: non satis habitum est, quaeri, etc.— To have, be characterized by, exercise, practise: salem, T.: habet hoc virtus, ut, etc., this is characteristic of merit: locus nihil habet religionis: celerem motum, Cs.: neque modum neque modestiam, S.: silentium haberi iussit, observed, S.: habebat hoc Caesar, quem cognorat, etc., this was Caesar's way: ornamenta dicendi.— To have, involve, bring, render, occasion, produce, excite: primus adventus equitatūs habuit interitum: habet amoenitas ipsa inlecebras: latrocinia nullam habent infamiam, Cs.— To hold, keep, occupy, engage, busy, exercise, inspire: hoc male habet virum, vexes, T.: animalia somnus habebat, V.: sollicitum te habebat cogitatio periculi: Qui (metus) maior absentīs habet, H.— To take, accept, bear, endure: eas (iniurias) gravius aequo, S.: aegre filium id ausum, L.— To keep, reserve, conceal: Non clam me haberet quod, etc., T.: secreto hoc audi, tecum habeto.— To keep, spend, pass: adulescentiam, S.: aetatem procul a re p., S.—With rem, to have to do, be intimate: quocum uno rem habebam, T.
    * * *
    habere, habui, habitus V
    have, hold, consider, think, reason; manage, keep; spend/pass (time)

    Latin-English dictionary > habeō

  • 9 prae-stō

        prae-stō itī, itus    (P. fut. praestatūrus), āre, to stand out, stand before, be superior, excel, surpass, exceed, be excellent: suos inter aequalīs: civitas hominum multitudine praestabat, Cs.: sacro, quod praestat, peracto, Iu.: probro atque petulantiā maxume, to be pre-eminent, S.: virtute omnibus, Cs.: quā re homines bestiis praestent: pingendo aliis: praestare honestam mortem existimans turpi vitae, N.: quantum ceteris praestet Lucretia, L.: virtute ceteros mortales, L.: gradu honoris nos, L.: imperatores prudentiā, N.—Impers. with subject-clause, it is preferable, is better: sibi praestare, quamvis fortunam pati, quam interfici, etc., Cs.: mori milies praestitit, quam haec pati: motos praestat componere fluctūs, V.—To become surety for, answer for, vouch for, warrant, be responsible for, take upon oneself: ut omnīs ministros imperi tui rei p. praestare videare: ut nihil in vitā nobis praestandum praeter culpam putemus, i. e. that we have nothing to answer for if free from guilt: impetūs populi praestare nemo potest, answer for the outbreaks of the people: emptori damnum praestari oportere, compensation ought to be made: nihil, be responsible for nothing: quod ab homine non potuerit praestari, what none could guaranty against: tibi a vi nihil, give no guaranty against: meliorem praesto magistro Discipulum, warrant, Iu.: quis potest praestare, semper sapientem beatum fore, cum, etc.?: Illius lacrimae praestant Ut veniam culpae non abnuat Osiris, insure, Iu.—To fulfil, discharge, maintain, perform, execute: in pugnā militis officia, Cs.: amicitiae ius officiumque: praestiti, ne quem pacis per me partae paeniteat, have taken care, L.: quamcumque ei fidem dederis, ego praestabo, will keep the promise: ei fidem, L.: mea tibi fides praestabitur: pacem cum iis populus R. praestitit, maintained, L.: argenti pondo bina in militem, pay as ransom, L.: tributa, pay, Iu.: triplicem usuram, Iu.—To keep, preserve, maintain, retain: pueri, quibus videmur praestare rem p. debuisse: nepotibus aequor, O.: omnīs socios salvos praestare poteramus: Incolumem me tibi, H.—To show, exhibit, prove, evince, manifest, furnish, present, assure: mobilitatem equitum in proeliis, Cs.: in iis rebus eam voluntatem: consilium suum fidemque: honorem debitum patri: senatui sententiam, to give his vote: terga hosti, i. e. flee, Ta.: voluptatem sapienti, assure: praesta te eum, qui, etc., show thyself such, as, etc.: teque praesta constanter ad omne Indeclinatae munus amicitiae, show thyself constant, O.: vel magnum praestet Achillen, approve himself a great Achilles, V.

    Latin-English dictionary > prae-stō

  • 10 re-servō

        re-servō āvī, ātus, āre,    to keep back, save up, reserve: reservatis Aeduis, Cs.: quaesita, O.: libros sibi ad otium: alqd ad testīs: vitam suam ad incertissimam spem: ad eius periculum legiones, Cs.: ad poenam reservatus: se ad maiora, V.: inimicitias in aliud tempus: utrum igni statim necaretur, an in aliud tempus reservaretur, Cs.: illorum esse praedam atque illis reservari, Cs.: quod sit ipsis (iudicibus) reservata (causa): melioribus meis rebus ista iudicia, L.: Minucio me reservabam, i. e. was holding back my letter to send it by Minucius: rei p. nos, L.: cui te exitio, V.— To keep, retain, preserve: sibi nihil ad similitudinem hominis.

    Latin-English dictionary > re-servō

  • 11 servō

        servō āvī, ātus, āre    [3 SAL-], to make safe, save, keep unharmed, preserve, guard, keep, protect, deliver, rescue: ceteros servavi, ut nos periremus: pol me occidistis, Non servastis, H.: ita me servet Iuppiter, T.: Graeciae portūs per se servatos: impedimenta cohortīsque, Cs.: Rem tuam, H.: urbem et civīs integros incolumīsque: si res p. salva servata erit hisce duellis, L.: omnes Quattuor amissis servatae a peste carinae, V.: alquos ex eo periculo, Cs.: vita ex hostium telis servata. — To keep, lay up, preserve, reserve, retain, store: Caecuba centum clavibus, H.: ad quae (tempora) tu te ipse servaras: ad Herculeos servaberis arcūs, O.: esse quasdam res servatas iudicio multitudinis: in aliquod tempus quam integerrimas vires militi servare, L.: vosmet rebus servate secundis, V.—Of places, to keep, keep to, hold, remain in, dwell in, inhabit: Tu nidum servas, H.: nymphae sorores, Centum quae silvas servant, V.—Of abstract objects, to keep, keep to, preserve, maintain, observe: ordines, Cs.: ordinem laboris quietisque, L.: intervallum, Cs.: tenorem pugnae, L.: fidem, T.: de numero dierum fidem, Cs.: aequitatem: indutiarum iura, Cs.: legem: cum populus suum servaret, i. e. provided public rights were not violated: pretium servare, to maintain the price: Aequam mentem, H.: nati amorem, V.—Fig., to keep in view, give heed, pay attention, take care, watch, observe: solus Sannio servat domi, T.: Cetera (lumina) servabant, kept watch, O.: hic rupes maxima, serva! beware, H.: itinera nostra, Cs.: Palinurus dum sidera servat, V.: pomaria dederat servanda draconi, O.: Me infensus servat, ne quam faciam fallaciam, T.: cum ita decemviri servassent, ut unus fascīs haberet, L.—Of an omen, to observe: secundam avem, Enn. ap. C.: de caelo servare, to observe the lightning (as an omen).
    * * *
    I
    servare, additional forms V
    watch over; protect, store, keep, guard, preserve, save
    II
    servare, servavi, servatus V
    watch over; protect, store, keep, guard, preserve, save

    Latin-English dictionary > servō

  • 12 teneō

        teneō tenuī, —, ēre    [2 TA-], to hold, keep, have, grasp, hold fast: flabellulum, T.: facem, V. telum, L.: cruentum gladium: manu Fragmina, O.: Dextra tenet ferrum, O.: ore cibum, Ph.: Hanc teneo sinu, O.; cf. cum res non coniecturā, sed oculis ac manibus teneretur, i. e. was palpable. —Fig., to hold in mind, take in, understand, conceive, comprehend, know: rem tenes, you understand the situation, T.: teneo, I understand, T.: quae a Romanis auguribus ignorantur, a Cilicibus tenentur: quo pacto cuncta tenerem, H.—Implying possession or control, to hold, possess, be master of, control, occupy: multa hereditatibus tenebantur sine iniuriā: quae tenuit dives Achaemenes, H.: loca, L.: colles praesidiis, Cs.: terras, H.: alterum cornu, command, N.: provincias aliaque omnia, S.: rem p. opes paucorum tenere coeperunt, to control public affairs: ut res p. vi tribuniciā teneretur, should be mastered, cf. qui tenent (sc. rem p.), qui potiuntur, i. e. who are in supreme power: me Galatea tenebat, i. e. held my affections, V.: teneone te? i. e. are you restored to me? T.—Implying persistence, to hold fast, keep, occupy, watch, guard, defend, maintain, retain: legio locum non tenuit, Cs.: Capitolia celsa, V.: in manicis te sub custode, H.: Athenae tuae sempiternam in arce oleam tenere potuerunt.—Of a way or course, to hold, keep, maintain, follow up: secundissimo vento cursum, to hold one's course: vento intermisso cursum, Cs.: Quove tenetis iter? V.: tenuit tamen vestigia Bucar, L.: Aeneam... ab Siciliā classe ad Laurentem agrum tenuisse (sc. cursum), sailed, L.: medio tutissimus ibis... Inter utrumque tene, O.; cf. hic ventus adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, blows the wrong way, N.—Fig., to hold fast, guard, preserve, uphold, keep, insist on: consuetudinem meam: non tenebat ornatum suum civitas: ius suum: haec duo in amicitiā, etc.: imperium in suos: silentium, L. — To hold fast, maintain, support, defend, uphold, insist: illud arcte tenent, voluptatem esse summum bonum: propositum, maintain, Cs.: suas leges: quo causae teste tenentur, H.: plebs tenuit, ne consules in proximum annum crearentur, L.: tenuere patres, ut Fabius consul crearetur, L.— Of the memory, to hold, keep: tui memoriam cum summā benevolentiā, preserve a recollection of: memoriā tenetis, res esse, etc., you remember numeros memini, si verba tenerem, recollect, V.: dicta tenere, H.—Of disposition or desire, to possess, occupy, control: quae te tanta pravitas mentis tenuerit, ut, etc., has had possession of you: magna me spes tenet: nisi forte quem perniciosa libido tenet, S.: neque irā neque gratiā teneri, to be controlled: pompā, ludis, to be fascinated: ab <*>ratore iam obsessus est ac tenetur.— To hold position, maintain oneself, stay, be posted: quā abscisae rupes erant, statio paucorum armatorum tenebat, L.: tenent Danai, quā deficit ignis, V.— To hold out, hold on, last, endure, continue, maintain itself, prevail: imber per noctem totam tenuit, L.: tenet fama, lupam, etc, L.: fama tenuit, haud plus fuisse modio, L.—Implying attainment, to reach, arrive at, attain, occupy: montes Sabini petebant et pauci tenuere, L.: portum, L.: Hesperiam, O.—Fig., to reach, gain, acquire, obtain, attain: per cursum rectum regnum tenere: virtute regnum, L.: teneri res aliter non potest: causam, O.—Implying restraint, to hold fast, hold back, hinder, restrain, detain, check, control, stay: naves, quae vento tenebantur, Cs.: classem ibi tenebat, L.: si id te non tenet, advola: Marcellum ab gerundis rebus: ne diutius teneam: tene linguam, O.: pecus omne tenendum, V.: manum, H.: quo me decet usque teneri? V.: lacrimas in morte miserā: exercitum in stativis, L.—With pron reflex., to keep back, remain, stay: castris sese, Cs.: castris se pavidus tenebat, L.: a conventu se remotum domi, N.: me ab accusando, refrain.— Fig., to hold, hold back, repress, restrain, bind, fetter: iracundiam: risum: iram, Cu.: ea, quae occurrunt, keep to themselves: Sed te, ne faceres, tenuit reverentia famae, O.—Implying constraint, to bind, hold, obligate, be binding on, control: quamquam leges eum non tenent: interdicto non teneri: ut plebi scita omnes Quirites tenerent, L.: teneri alienis foederibus, L.: poenā teneri, to be liable: testibus in re perspicuā teneri, to be convicted.— Implying comprehension, to take in, comprise, comprehend, include: haec magnos formula reges tenet. H.: ut homines deorum agnatione et gente teneantur: id quod (genus officiorum) teneatur hominum societate.
    * * *
    tenere, tenui, tentus V
    hold, keep; comprehend; possess; master; preserve; represent; support

    Latin-English dictionary > teneō

  • 13 adtineo

    adtinere, adtinui, adtentus V
    hold on/to/near/back/together/fast; restrain, keep (in custody), retain; delay

    Latin-English dictionary > adtineo

  • 14 attineo

    attinere, attinui, attentus V
    hold on/to/near/back/together/fast; restrain, keep (in custody), retain; delay

    Latin-English dictionary > attineo

  • 15 Difficile est tenere quae acceperis nisi exerceas

    It is difficult to retain what you may have learned unless you should practice it. (Pliny the Younger)

    Latin Quotes (Latin to English) > Difficile est tenere quae acceperis nisi exerceas

  • 16 ad

    ad, prep. with acc. (from the fourth century after Christ written also at; Etrusc. suf. -a; Osc. az; Umbr. and Old Lat. ar, as [p. 27] in Eug. Tab., in S. C. de Bacch., as arveho for adveho; arfuerunt, arfuisse, for adfuerunt, etc.; arbiter for adbiter; so, ar me advenias, Plant. Truc. 2, 2, 17; cf. Prisc. 559 P.; Vel. Long. 2232 P.; Fabretti, Glos. Ital. col. 5) [cf. Sanscr. adhi; Goth. and Eng. at; Celt. pref. ar, as armor, i.e. ad mare; Rom. a].
    I.
    As antith. to ab (as in to ex), in a progressive order of relation, ad denotes, first, the direction toward an object; then the reaching of or attaining to it; and finally, the being at or near it.
    A.
    In space.
    1.
    Direction toward, to, toward, and first,
    a.
    Horizontally:

    fugere ad puppim colles campique videntur,

    the hills and fields appear to fly toward the ship, Lucr. 4, 390: meridie umbrae cadunt ad septentrionem, ortu vero ad occasum, to or toward the north and west, Plin. 2, 13, and so often of the geog. position of a place in reference to the points of compass, with the verbs jacere, vergere, spectare, etc.:

    Asia jacet ad meridiem et austrum, Europa ad septentriones et aquiionem,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 31 Mull.;

    and in Plin. very freq.: Creta ad austrum... ad septentrionem versa, 4, 20: ad Atticam vergente, 4, 21 al.—Also trop.: animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 81.—
    b.
    In a direction upwards (esp. in the poets, very freq.): manusque sursum ad caelum sustulit, Naev. ap. Non. 116, 30 (B. Pun. p. 13, ed. Vahl.): manus ad caeli templa tendebam lacrimans, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

    duplices tendens ad sidera palmas,

    Verg. A. 1, 93: molem ex profundo saxeam ad caelum vomit, Att. ap. Prisc. 1325 P.: clamor ad caelum volvendus, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 104 Mull. (Ann. v. 520 ed. Vahl.) (cf. with this: tollitur in caelum clamor, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, or Ann. v. 422):

    ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum, of Aetna,

    Lucr. 1, 725; cf. id. 2, 191; 2, 325: sidera sola micant;

    ad quae sua bracchia tendens, etc.,

    Ov. M. 7, 188:

    altitudo pertingit ad caelum,

    Vulg. Dan. 4, 17.—
    c.
    Also in the direction downwards (for the usu. in):

    tardiore semper ad terras omnium quae geruntur in caelo effectu cadente quam visu,

    Plin. 2, 97, 99, § 216.
    2.
    The point or goal at which any thing arrives.
    a.
    Without reference to the space traversed in passing, to, toward (the most common use of this prep.): cum stupro redire ad suos popularis, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 317 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 14 ed. Vahl.):

    ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videatur potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 12: ad terras decidat aether, Lucan. 2, 58. —Hence,
    (α).
    With verbs which designate going, coming, moving, bearing, bringing near, adapting, taking, receiving, calling, exciting, admonishing, etc., when the verb is compounded with ad the prep. is not always repeated, but the constr. with the dat. or acc. employed; cf. Rudd. II. pp. 154, 175 n. (In the ante-class. per., and even in Cic., ad is generally repeated with most verbs, as, ad eos accedit, Cic. Sex. Rosc. 8:

    ad Sullam adire,

    id. ib. 25:

    ad se adferre,

    id. Verr. 4, 50:

    reticulum ad naris sibi admovebat,

    id. ib. 5, 27:

    ad laborem adhortantur,

    id. de Sen. 14:

    T. Vectium ad se arcessit,

    id. Verr. 5, 114; but the poets of the Aug. per., and the historians, esp. Tac., prefer the dative; also, when the compound verb contains merely the idea of approach, the constr. with ad and the acc. is employed; but when it designates increase, that with the dat. is more usual: accedit ad urbem, he approaches the city; but, accedit provinciae, it is added to the province.)—
    (β).
    Ad me, te, se, for domum meam, tuam, suam (in Plaut. and Ter. very freq.):

    oratus sum venire ad te huc,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 1, 12: spectatores plaudite atque ite ad vos comissatum, id. Stich. fin.:

    eamus ad me,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64:

    ancillas traduce huc ad vos,

    id. Heaut. 4, 4, 22:

    transeundumst tibi ad Menedemum,

    id. 4, 4, 17: intro nos vocat ad sese, tenet intus apud se, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 86 P.:

    te oro, ut ad me Vibonem statim venias,

    Cic. Att. 3, 3; 16, 10 al.—
    (γ).
    Ad, with the name of a deity in the gen., is elliptical for ad templum or aedem (cf.:

    Thespiadas, quae ad aedem Felicitatis sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 4, 4; id. Phil. 2, 35:

    in aedem Veneris,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 120;

    in aedem Concordiae,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 21;

    2, 6, 12): ad Dianae,

    to the temple of, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 43:

    ad Opis,

    Cic. Att. 8, 1, 14:

    ad Castoris,

    id. Quint. 17:

    ad Juturnae,

    id. Clu. 101:

    ad Vestae,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 35 al.: cf. Rudd. II. p. 41, n. 4, and p. 334.—
    (δ).
    With verbs which denote a giving, sending, informing, submitting, etc., it is used for the simple dat. (Rudd. II. p. 175): litteras dare ad aliquem, to send or write one a letter; and: litteras dare alicui, to give a letter to one; hence Cic. never says, like Caesar and Sall., alicui scribere, which strictly means, to write for one (as a receipt, etc.), but always mittere, scribere, perscribere ad aliquem:

    postea ad pistores dabo,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 119:

    praecipe quae ad patrem vis nuntiari,

    id. Capt. 2, 2, 109:

    in servitutem pauperem ad divitem dare,

    Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 48:

    nam ad me Publ. Valerius scripsit,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 2 med.:

    de meis rebus ad Lollium perscripsi,

    id. ib. 5, 3:

    velim domum ad te scribas, ut mihi tui libri pateant,

    id. Att. 4, 14; cf. id. ib. 4, 16:

    ad primam (sc. epistulam) tibi hoc scribo,

    in answer to your first, id. ib. 3, 15, 2:

    ad Q. Fulvium Cons. Hirpini et Lucani dediderunt sese,

    Liv. 27, 15, 1; cf. id. 28, 22, 5.—Hence the phrase: mittere or scribere librum ad aliquem, to dedicate a book to one (Greek, prosphônein):

    has res ad te scriptas, Luci, misimus, Aeli,

    Lucil. Sat. 1, ap. Auct. Her. 4, 12:

    quae institueram, ad te mittam,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5: ego interea admonitu tuo perfeci sane argutulos libros ad Varronem;

    and soon after: mihi explices velim, maneasne in sententia, ut mittam ad eum quae scripsi,

    Cic. Att. 13, 18; cf. ib. 16; Plin. 1, 19.—So in titles of books: M. Tullii Ciceronis ad Marcum Brutum Orator; M. T. Cic. ad Q. Fratrem Dialogi tres de Oratore, etc.—In the titles of odes and epigrams ad aliquem signifies to, addressed to.
    (ε).
    With names of towns after verbs of motion, ad is used in answer to the question Whither? instead of the simple acc.; but commonly with this difference, that ad denotes to the vicinity of, the neighborhood of:

    miles ad Capuam profectus sum, quintoque anno post ad Tarentum,

    Cic. de Sen. 4, 10; id. Fam. 3, 81:

    ad Veios,

    Liv. 5, 19; 14, 18; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 7; id. B. C. 3, 40 al.—Ad is regularly used when the proper name has an appellative in apposition to it:

    ad Cirtam oppidum iter constituunt,

    Sall. J. 81, 2; so Curt. 3, 1, 22; 4, 9, 9;

    or when it is joined with usque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 87; id. Deiot, 7, 19.— (When an adjective is added, the simple acc. is used poet., as well as with ad:

    magnum iter ad doctas proficisci cogor Athenas,

    Prop. 3, 21, 1; the simple acc., Ov. H. 2, 83: doctas jam nunc eat, inquit, Athenas).—
    (ζ).
    With verbs which imply a hostile movement toward, or protection in respect to any thing, against = adversus:

    nonne ad senem aliquam fabricam fingit?

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 34:

    Lernaeas pugnet ad hydras,

    Prop. 3, 19, 9: neque quo pacto fallam, nec quem dolum ad eum aut machinam commoliar, old poet in Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:

    Belgarum copias ad se venire vidit,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 5; 7, 70:

    ipse ad hostem vehitur,

    Nep. Dat. 4, 5; id. Dion. 5, 4: Romulus ad regem impetus facit (a phrase in which in is commonly found), Liv. 1, 5, 7, and 44, 3, 10:

    aliquem ad hostem ducere,

    Tac. A. 2, 52:

    clipeos ad tela protecti obiciunt,

    Verg. A. 2, 443:

    munio me ad haec tempora,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 18:

    ad hos omnes casus provisa erant praesidia,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 65; 7, 41;

    so with nouns: medicamentum ad aquam intercutem,

    Cic. Off. 3, 24:

    remedium ad tertianam,

    Petr. Sat. 18:

    munimen ad imbris,

    Verg. G. 2, 352:

    farina cum melle ad tussim siccam efficasissima est,

    Plin. 20, 22, 89, § 243:

    ad muliebre ingenium efficaces preces,

    Liv. 1, 9; 1, 19 (in these two passages ad may have the force of apud, Hand).—
    (η).
    The repetition of ad to denote the direction to a place and to a person present in it is rare:

    nunc tu abi ad forum ad herum,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 100; cf.:

    vocatis classico ad concilium militibus ad tribunos,

    Liv. 5 47.—(The distinction between ad and in is given by Diom. 409 P., thus: in forum ire est in ipsum forum intrare; ad forum autem ire, in locum foro proximum; ut in tribunal et ad tribunal venire non unum est; quia ad tribunal venit litigator, in tribunal vero praetor aut judex; cf. also Sen. Ep. 73, 14, deus ad homines venit, immo, quod propius est, in homines venit.)—
    b.
    The terminus, with ref. to the space traversed, to, even to, with or without usque, Quint. 10, 7, 16: ingurgitavit usque ad imum gutturem, Naev. ap. Non. 207, 20 (Rib. Com. Rel. p. 30): dictator pervehitur usque ad oppidum, Naev. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 153 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 16 ed. Vahl.):

    via pejor ad usque Baii moenia,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 96; 1, 1, 97:

    rigidum permanat frigus ad ossa,

    Lucr. 1, 355; 1, 969:

    cum sudor ad imos Manaret talos,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 10:

    ut quantum posset, agmen ad mare extenderet,

    Curt. 3, 9, 10:

    laeva pars ad pectus est nuda,

    id. 6, 5, 27 al. —Hence the Plinian expression, petere aliquid (usque) ad aliquem, to seek something everywhere, even with one:

    ut ad Aethiopas usque peteretur,

    Plin. 36, 6, 9, § 51 (where Jan now reads ab Aethiopia); so,

    vestis ad Seras peti,

    id. 12, 1, 1.— Trop.:

    si quid poscam, usque ad ravim poscam,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 10:

    deverberasse usque ad necem,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 13;

    without usque: hic ad incitas redactus,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 136; 4, 2, 52; id. Poen. 4, 2, 85; illud ad incitas cum redit atque internecionem, Lucil. ap. Non. 123, 20:

    virgis ad necem caedi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 29, § 70; so Hor. S. 1, 2, 42; Liv. 24, 38, 9; Tac. A. 11, 37; Suet. Ner. 26; id. Dom. 8 al.
    3.
    Nearness or proximity in gen. = apud, near to, by, at, close by (in anteclass. per. very freq.; not rare later, esp. in the historians): pendent peniculamenta unum ad quemque pedum, trains are suspended at each foot, Enn. ap. Non. 149, 33 (Ann. v. 363 ed. Vahl.):

    ut in servitute hic ad suum maneat patrem,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 98;

    3, 5, 41: sol quasi flagitator astat usque ad ostium,

    stands like a creditor continually at the door, id. Most. 3, 2, 81 (cf. with same force, Att. ap. Non. 522, 25;

    apud ipsum astas): ad foris adsistere,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 66; id. Arch. 24:

    astiterunt ad januam,

    Vulg. Act. 10, 17:

    non adest ad exercitum,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 6; cf. ib. prol. 133:

    aderant ad spectaculum istud,

    Vulg. Luc. 23, 48: has (testas) e fenestris in caput Deiciunt, qui prope ad ostium adspiraverunt, Lucil. ap. Non. 288, 31:

    et nec opinanti Mors ad caput adstitit,

    Lucr. 3, 959:

    quod Romanis ad manum domi supplementum esset,

    at hand, Liv. 9, 19, 6:

    haec arma habere ad manum,

    Quint. 12, 5, 1:

    dominum esse ad villam,

    Cic. Sull. 20; so id. Verr. 2, 21:

    errantem ad flumina,

    Verg. E. 6, 64; Tib. 1, 10, 38; Plin. 7, 2, § 12; Vitr. 7, 14; 7, 12; and ellipt. (cf. supra, 2. g):

    pecunia utinam ad Opis maneret!

    Cic. Phil. 1, 17.—Even of persons:

    qui primum pilum ad Caesarem duxerat (for apud),

    Caes. B. G. 6, 38; so id. ib. 1, 31; 3, 9; 5, 53; 7, 5; id. B. C. 3, 60:

    ad inferos poenas parricidii luent,

    among, Cic. Phil. 14, 13:

    neque segnius ad hostes bellum apparatur,

    Liv. 7, 7, 4: pugna ad Trebiam, ad Trasimenum, ad Cannas, etc., for which Liv. also uses the gen.:

    si Trasimeni quam Trebiae, si Cannarum quam Trasimeni pugna nobilior esset, 23, 43, 4.—Sometimes used to form the name of a place, although written separately, e. g. ad Murcim,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 154:

    villa ad Gallinas, a villa on the Flaminian Way,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 37: ad urbem esse (of generals), to remain outside the city (Rome) until permission was given for a triumph:

    “Esse ad urbem dicebantur, qui cum potestate provinciali aut nuper e provincia revertissent, aut nondum in provinciam profecti essent... solebant autem, qui ob res in provincia gestas triumphum peterent, extra urbem exspectare, donec, lege lata, triumphantes urbem introire possent,”

    Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 8.—So sometimes with names of towns and verbs of rest:

    pons, qui erat ad Genavam,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

    ad Tibur mortem patri minatus est,

    Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 10:

    conchas ad Caietam legunt,

    id. Or. 2, 6:

    ad forum esse,

    to be at the market, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 136; id. Most. 3, 2, 158; cf. Ter. Ph. 4, 2, 8; id. And. 1, 5, 19.—Hence, adverb., ad dextram (sc. manum, partem), ad laevam, ad sinistram, to the right, to the left, or on the right, on the left:

    ad dextram,

    Att. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 225; Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 1; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44; Cic. Univ. 13; Caes. B. C. 1, 69:

    ad laevam,

    Enn. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 51; Att. ib. p. 217: ad sinistram, Ter. [p. 28] Ad. 4, 2, 43 al.:

    ad dextram... ad laevam,

    Liv. 40, 6;

    and with an ordinal number: cum plebes ad tertium milliarium consedisset,

    at the third milestone, Cic. Brut. 14, 54, esp. freq. with lapis:

    sepultus ad quintum lapidem,

    Nep. Att. 22, 4; so Liv. 3, 69 al.; Tac. H. 3, 18; 4, 60 (with apud, Ann. 1, 45; 3, 45; 15, 60) al.; cf. Rudd. II. p. 287.
    B.
    In time, analogous to the relations given in A.
    1.
    Direction toward, i. e. approach to a definite point of time, about, toward:

    domum reductus ad vesperum,

    toward evening, Cic. Lael. 3, 12:

    cum ad hiemem me ex Cilicia recepissem,

    toward winter, id. Fam. 3, 7.—
    2.
    The limit or boundary to which a space of time extends, with and without usque, till, until, to, even to, up to:

    ego ad illud frugi usque et probus fui,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 53:

    philosophia jacuit usque ad hanc aetatem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. de Sen. 14:

    quid si hic manebo potius ad meridiem,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 55; so id. Men. 5, 7, 33; id. Ps. 1, 5, 116; id. As. 2, 1, 5:

    ad multam noctem,

    Cic. de Sen. 14:

    Sophocles ad summam senectutem tragoedias fecit,

    id. ib. 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 1:

    Alexandream se proficisci velle dixit (Aratus) remque integram ad reditum suum jussit esse,

    id. Off. 2, 23, 82:

    bestiae ex se natos amant ad quoddam tempus,

    id. Lael. 8; so id. de Sen. 6; id. Somn. Sc. 1 al. —And with ab or ab-usque, to desig. the whole period of time passed away:

    ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,

    Cic. Att. 7, 8:

    usque ab aurora ad hoc diei,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 8.—
    3.
    Coincidence with a point of time, at, on, in, by:

    praesto fuit ad horam destinatam,

    at the appointed hour, Cic. Tusc. 5, 22:

    admonuit ut pecuniam ad diem solverent,

    on the day of payment, id. Att. 16, 16 A:

    nostra ad diem dictam fient,

    id. Fam. 16, 10, 4; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 5: ad lucem denique arte et graviter dormitare coepisse, at (not toward) daybreak, id. Div. 1, 28, 59; so id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 1, 4, 3; id. Fin. 2, 31, 103; id. Brut. 97, 313:

    ad id tempus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 24; Sall. J. 70, 5; Tac. A. 15, 60; Suet. Aug. 87; Domit. 17, 21 al.
    C.
    The relations of number.
    1.
    An approximation to a sum designated, near, near to, almost, about, toward (cf. Gr. epi, pros with acc. and the Fr. pres de, a peu pres, presque) = circiter (Hand, Turs. I. p. 102):

    ad quadraginta eam posse emi minas,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 111:

    nummorum Philippum ad tria milia,

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 115; sometimes with quasi added:

    quasi ad quadraginta minas,

    as it were about, id. Most. 3, 1, 95; so Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 93:

    sane frequentes fuimus omnino ad ducentos,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1:

    cum annos ad quadraginta natus esset,

    id. Clu. 40, 110:

    ad hominum milia decem,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 4:

    oppida numero ad duodecim, vicos ad quadringentos,

    id. ib. 1, 5.—In the histt. and post-Aug. authors ad is added adverbially in this sense (contrary to Gr. usage, by which amphi, peri, and eis with numerals retain their power as prepositions): ad binum milium numero utrinque sauciis factis, Sisenn. ap. Non. 80, 4:

    occisis ad hominum milibus quattuor,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 33:

    ad duorum milium numero ceciderunt,

    id. B. C. 3, 53:

    ad duo milia et trecenti occisi,

    Liv. 10, 17, 8; so id. 27, 12, 16; Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Rudd. II. p. 334.—
    2.
    The terminus, the limit, to, unto, even to, a designated number (rare):

    ranam luridam conicere in aquam usque quo ad tertiam partem decoxeris,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 26; cf. App. Herb. 41:

    aedem Junonis ad partem dimidiam detegit,

    even to the half, Liv. 42, 3, 2:

    miles (viaticum) ad assem perdiderat,

    to a farthing, to the last farthing, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 27; Plin. Ep. 1, 15:

    quid ad denarium solveretur,

    Cic. Quint. 4.—The phrase omnes ad unum or ad unum omnes, or simply ad unum, means lit. all to one, i. e. all together, all without exception; Gr. hoi kath hena pantes (therefore the gender of unum is changed according to that of omnes): praetor omnes extra castra, ut stercus, foras ejecit ad unum, Lucil. ap. Non. 394, 22:

    de amicitia omnes ad unum idem sentiunt,

    Cic. Lael. 23:

    ad unum omnes cum ipso duce occisi sunt,

    Curt. 4, 1, 22 al.:

    naves Rhodias afflixit ita, ut ad unam omnes constratae eliderentur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 27; onerariae omnes ad unam a nobis sunt exceptae, Cic. Fam. 12, 14 (cf. in Gr. hoi kath hena; in Hebr., Exod. 14, 28).— Ad unum without omnes:

    ego eam sententiam dixi, cui sunt assensi ad unum,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 16:

    Juppiter omnipotens si nondum exosus ad unum Trojanos,

    Verg. A. 5, 687.
    D.
    In the manifold relations of one object to another.
    1.
    That in respect of or in regard to which a thing avails, happens, or is true or important, with regard to, in respect of, in relation to, as to, to, in.
    a.
    With verbs:

    ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,

    in respect to all other things we grow wiser by age, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 45:

    numquam ita quisquam bene ad vitam fuat,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 1:

    nil ibi libatum de toto corpore (mortui) cernas ad speciem, nil ad pondus,

    that nothing is lost in form or weight, Lucr. 3, 214; cf. id. 5, 570; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 58; id. Mur. 13, 29: illi regi Cyro subest, ad immutandi animi licentiam, crudelissimus ille Phalaris, in that Cyrus, in regard to the liberty of changing his disposition (i. e. not in reality, but inasmuch as he is at liberty to lay aside his good character, and assume that of a tyrant), there is concealed another cruel Phalaris, Cic. Rep. 1, 28:

    nil est ad nos,

    is nothing to us, concerns us not, Lucr. 3, 830; 3, 845:

    nil ad me attinet,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 54:

    nihil ad rem pertinet,

    Cic. Caecin. 58;

    and in the same sense elliptically: nihil ad Epicurum,

    id. Fin. 1, 2, 5; id. Pis. 68:

    Quid ad praetorem?

    id. Verr. 1, 116 (this usage is not to be confounded with that under 4.).—
    b.
    With adjectives:

    ad has res perspicax,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:

    virum ad cetera egregium,

    Liv. 37, 7, 15:

    auxiliaribus ad pugnam non multum Crassus confidebat,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 25:

    ejus frater aliquantum ad rem est avidior,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51; cf. id. And. 1, 2, 21; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:

    ut sit potior, qui prior ad dandum est,

    id. Phorm. 3, 2, 48:

    difficilis (res) ad credendum,

    Lucr. 2, 1027:

    ad rationem sollertiamque praestantior,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 62; so id. Leg. 2, 13, 33; id. Fin. 2, 20, 63; id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; id. Font. 15; id. Cat. 1, 5, 12; id. de Or. 1, 25, 113; 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 200; id. Fam. 3, 1, 1; Liv. 9, 16, 13; Tac. A. 12, 54 al.—
    c.
    With nouns:

    prius quam tuum, ut sese habeat, animum ad nuptias perspexerit,

    before he knew your feeling in regard to the marriage, Ter. And. 2, 3, 4 (cf. Gr. hopôs echei tis pros ti):

    mentis ad omnia caecitas,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:

    magna vis est fortunae in utramque partem vel ad secundas res vel ad adversas,

    id. Off. 2, 6; so id. Par. 1:

    ad cetera paene gemelli,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 3.—So with acc. of gerund instead of the gen. from the same vb.:

    facultas ad scribendum, instead of scribendi,

    Cic. Font. 6;

    facultas ad agendum,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 1, 2: cf. Rudd. II. p. 245.—
    d.
    In gramm.: nomina ad aliquid dicta, nouns used in relation to something, i. e. which derive their significance from their relation to another object: quae non possunt intellegi sola, ut pater, mater;

    jungunt enim sibi et illa propter quae intelleguntur,

    Charis. 129 P.; cf. Prisc. 580 ib.—
    2.
    With words denoting measure, weight, manner, model, rule, etc., both prop. and fig., according to, agreeably to, after (Gr. kata, pros):

    columnas ad perpendiculum exigere,

    Cic. Mur. 77:

    taleis ferreis ad certum pondus examinatis,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 12: facta sunt ad certam formam. Lucr. 2, 379:

    ad amussim non est numerus,

    Varr. 2, 1, 26:

    ad imaginem facere,

    Vulg. Gen. 1, 26:

    ad cursus lunae describit annum,

    Liv. 1, 19:

    omnia ad diem facta sunt,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 5:

    Id ad similitudinem panis efficiebant,

    id. B. C. 3, 48; Vulg. Gen. 1, 26; id. Jac. 3, 9:

    ad aequos flexus,

    at equal angles, Lucr. 4, 323: quasi ad tornum levantur, to or by the lathe, id. 4, 361:

    turres ad altitudiem valli,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 42; Liv. 39, 6:

    ad eandem crassitudinem structi,

    id. 44, 11:

    ad speciem cancellorum scenicorum,

    with the appearance of, like, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 8:

    stagnum maris instar, circumseptum aedificiis ad urbium speciem,

    Suet. Ner. 31:

    lascivum pecus ludens ad cantum,

    Liv. Andron. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 1:

    canere ad tibiam,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 2: canere ad tibicinem, id. ib. 1, 2 (cf.:

    in numerum ludere,

    Verg. E. 6, 28; id. G. 4, 175):

    quod ad Aristophanis lucernam lucubravi,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 9 Mull.: carmen castigare ad unguem, to perfection (v. unguis), Hor. A. P. 294:

    ad unguem factus homo,

    a perfect gentleman, id. S. 1, 5, 32 (cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 86):

    ad istorum normam sapientes,

    Cic. Lael. 5, 18; id. Mur. 3:

    Cyrus non ad historiae fidem scriptus, sed ad effigiem justi imperii,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:

    exercemur in venando ad similitudinem bellicae disciplinae,

    id. N. D. 2, 64, 161: so,

    ad simulacrum,

    Liv. 40, 6:

    ad Punica ingenia,

    id. 21, 22:

    ad L. Crassi eloquentiam,

    Cic. Var. Fragm. 8:

    omnia fient ad verum,

    Juv. 6, 324:

    quid aut ad naturam aut contra sit,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:

    ad hunc modum institutus est,

    id. Tusc. 2, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 31; 3, 13:

    ad eundem istunc modum,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 70:

    quem ad modum, q. v.: ad istam faciem est morbus, qui me macerat,

    of that kind, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 73; id. Merc. 2, 3, 90; cf.

    91: cujus ad arbitrium copia materiai cogitur,

    Lucr. 2, 281:

    ad eorum arbitrium et nutum totos se fingunt,

    to their will and pleasure, Cic. Or. 8, 24; id. Quint. 71:

    ad P. Lentuli auctoritatem Roma contendit,

    id. Rab. Post. 21:

    aliae sunt legati partes, aliae imperatoris: alter omnia agere ad praescriptum, alter libere ad summam rerum consulere debet,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 51:

    rebus ad voluntatem nostram fluentibus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 26:

    rem ad illorum libidinem judicarunt,

    id. Font. 36:

    ad vulgi opinionem,

    id. Off. 3, 21.—So in later Lat. with instar:

    ad instar castrorum,

    Just. 36, 3, 2:

    scoparum,

    App. M. 9, p. 232:

    speculi,

    id. ib. 2, p. 118: ad hoc instar mundi, id. de Mundo, p. 72.—Sometimes, but very rarely, ad is used absol. in this sense (so also very rarely kata with acc., Xen. Hell. 2, 3; Luc. Dial. Deor. 8): convertier ad nos, as we (are turned), Lucr. 4, 317:

    ad navis feratur,

    like ships, id. 4, 897 Munro. —With noun:

    ad specus angustiac vallium,

    like caves, Caes. B. C. 3, 49.—Hence,
    3.
    With an object which is the cause or reason, in conformity to which, from which, or for which, any thing is or is done.
    a.
    The moving cause, according to, at, on, in consequence of:

    cetera pars animae paret et ad numen mentis momenque movetur,

    Lucr. 3, 144:

    ad horum preces in Boeotiam duxit,

    on their entreaty, Liv. 42, 67, 12: ad ea Caesar veniam ipsique et conjugi et fratribus tribuit, in consequence of or upon this, he, etc., Tac. Ann. 12, 37.—
    b.
    The final cause, or the object, end, or aim, for the attainment of which any thing,
    (α).
    is done,
    (β).
    is designed, or,
    (γ).
    is fitted or adapted (very freq.), to, for, in order to.
    (α).
    Seque ad ludos jam inde abhinc exerceant, Pac. ap. Charis. p. 175 P. (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 80):

    venimus coctum ad nuptias,

    in order to cook for the wedding, Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 15:

    omnis ad perniciem instructa domus,

    id. Bacch. 3, 1, 6; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 41; Liv. 1, 54:

    cum fingis falsas causas ad discordiam,

    in order to produce dissension, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 71:

    quantam fenestram ad nequitiam patefeceris,

    id. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:

    utrum ille, qui postulat legatum ad tantum bellum, quem velit, idoneus non est, qui impetret, cum ceteri ad expilandos socios diripiendasque provincias, quos voluerunt, legatos eduxerint,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:

    ego vitam quoad putabo tua interesse, aut ad spem servandam esse, retinebo,

    for hope, id. Q. Fr. 1, 4; id. Fam. 5, 17:

    haec juventutem, ubi familiares opes defecerant, ad facinora incendebant,

    Sall. C. 13, 4:

    ad speciem atque ad usurpationem vetustatis,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 12, 31; Suet. Caes. 67:

    paucis ad speciem tabernaculis relictis,

    for appearance, Caes. B. C. 2, 35; so id. ib. 2, 41; id. B. G. 1, 51.—
    (β).
    Aut equos alere aut canes ad venandum. Ter. And. 1, 1, 30:

    ingenio egregie ad miseriam natus sum,

    id. Heaut. 3, 1, 11;

    (in the same sense: in rem,

    Hor. C. 1, 27, 1, and the dat., Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6):

    ad cursum equum, ad arandum bovem, ad indagandum canem,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 40:

    ad frena leones,

    Verg. A. 10, 253:

    delecto ad naves milite,

    marines, Liv. 22, 19 Weissenb.:

    servos ad remum,

    rowers, id. 34, 6; and:

    servos ad militiam emendos,

    id. 22, 61, 2:

    comparasti ad lecticam homines,

    Cat. 10, 16:

    Lygdamus ad cyathos,

    Prop. 4, 8, 37; cf.:

    puer ad cyathum statuetur,

    Hor. C. 1, 29, 8.—
    (γ).
    Quae oportet Signa esse [p. 29] ad salutem, omnia huic osse video, everything indicative of prosperity I see in him, Ter. And. 3, 2, 2:

    haec sunt ad virtutem omnia,

    id. Heaut. 1, 2, 33:

    causa ad objurgandum,

    id. And. 1, 1, 123:

    argumentum ad scribendum,

    Cic. Att. 9, 7 (in both examples instead of the gen. of gerund., cf. Rudd. II. p. 245):

    vinum murteum est ad alvum crudam,

    Cato R. R. 125:

    nulla res tantum ad dicendum proficit, quantum scriptio,

    Cic. Brut. 24:

    reliquis rebus, quae sunt ad incendia,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 101 al. —So with the adjectives idoneus, utilis, aptus, instead of the dat.:

    homines ad hanc rem idoneos,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 6:

    calcei habiles et apti ad pedem,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 231:

    orator aptus tamen ad dicendum,

    id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5:

    sus est ad vescendum hominibus apta,

    id. N. D. 2, 64, 160:

    homo ad nullam rem utilis,

    id. Off. 3, 6:

    ad segetes ingeniosus ager,

    Ov. F. 4, 684.—(Upon the connection of ad with the gerund. v. Zumpt, § 666; Rudd. II. p. 261.)—
    4.
    Comparison (since that with which a thing is compared is considered as an object to which the thing compared is brought near for the sake of comparison), to, compared to or with, in comparison with:

    ad sapientiam hujus ille (Thales) nimius nugator fuit,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 25; id. Trin. 3, 2, 100:

    ne comparandus hic quidem ad illum'st,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 14; 2, 3, 69:

    terra ad universi caeli complexum,

    compared with the whole extent of the heavens, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

    homini non ad cetera Punica ingenia callido,

    Liv. 22, 22, 15:

    at nihil ad nostram hanc,

    nothing in comparison with, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 70; so Cic. Deiot. 8, 24; and id. de Or. 2, 6, 25.
    E.
    Adverbial phrases with ad.
    1.
    Ad omnia, withal, to crown all:

    ingentem vim peditum equitumque venire: ex India elephantos: ad omnia tantum advehi auri, etc.,

    Liv. 35, 32, 4.—
    2.
    Ad hoc and ad haec (in the historians, esp. from the time of Livy, and in authors after the Aug. per.), = praeterea, insuper, moreover, besides, in addition, epi toutois:

    nam quicumque impudicus, adulter, ganeo, etc.: praeterea omnes undique parricidae, etc.: ad hoc, quos manus atque lingua perjurio aut sanguine civili alebat: postremo omnes, quos, etc.,

    Sall. C. 14, 2 and 3:

    his opinionibus inflato animo, ad hoc vitio quoque ingenii vehemens,

    Liv. 6, 11, 6; 42, 1, 1; Tac. H. 1, 6; Suet. Aug. 22 al.—
    3.
    Ad id quod, beside that (very rare):

    ad id quod sua sponte satis conlectum animorum erat, indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur,

    Liv. 3, 62, 1; so 44, 37, 12.—
    4.
    Ad tempus.
    a.
    At a definite, fixed time, Cic. Att. 13, 45; Liv. 38, 25, 3.—
    b.
    At a fit, appropriate time, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 141; Liv. 1, 7, 13.—
    c.
    For some time, for a short time, Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27; id. Lael. 15, 53; Liv. 21, 25, 14.—
    d.
    According to circumstances, Cic. Planc. 30, 74; id. Cael. 6, 13; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9.—
    5.
    Ad praesens (for the most part only in post-Aug. writers).
    a.
    For the moment, for a short time, Cic. Fam. 12, 8; Plin. 8, 22, 34; Tac. A. 4, 21.—
    b.
    At present, now, Tac. A. 16, 5; id. H. 1, 44.—So, ad praesentiam, Tac. A. 11, 8.—
    6.
    Ad locum, on the spot:

    ut ad locum miles esset paratus,

    Liv. 27, 27, 2.—
    7.
    Ad verbum, word for word, literally, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; id. de Or. 1, 34, 157; id. Ac. 2, 44, 135 al.—
    8.
    Ad summam.
    a.
    On the whole, generally, in general, Cic. Fam. 14, 14, 3; id. Att. 14, 1; Suet. Aug. 71.—
    b.
    In a word, in short, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 106. —
    9.
    Ad extremum, ad ultimum, ad postremum.
    a.
    At the end, finally, at last.
    (α).
    Of place, at the extremity, extreme point, top, etc.:

    missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum, unde ferrum exstabat,

    Liv. 21, 8, 10.—
    (β).
    Of time = telos de, at last, finally:

    ibi ad postremum cedit miles,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 52; so id. Poen. 4, 2, 22; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89; id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 7, 53; Liv. 30, 15, 4 al.— Hence,
    (γ).
    of order, finally, lastly, = denique: inventa componere; tum ornare oratione; post memoria sepire;

    ad extremum agere cum dignitate,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142.—
    b.
    In Liv., to the last degree, quite: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus, 23, 2, 3; cf.:

    consilii scelerati, sed non ad ultimum dementis,

    id. 28, 28, 8.—
    10.
    Quem ad finem? To what limit? How far? Cic. Cat. 1, 1; id. Verr. 5, 75.—
    11.
    Quem ad modum, v. sub h. v.
    a.
    Ad (v. ab, ex, in, etc.) is not repeated like some other prepositions with interrog. and relative pronouns, after nouns or demonstrative pronouns:

    traducis cogitationes meas ad voluptates. Quas? corporis credo,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 37 (ubi v. Kuhner).—
    b.
    Ad is sometimes placed after its substantive:

    quam ad,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 39:

    senatus, quos ad soleret, referendum censuit,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4:

    ripam ad Araxis,

    Tac. Ann. 12, 51;

    or between subst. and adj.: augendam ad invidiam,

    id. ib. 12, 8.—
    c.
    The compound adque for et ad (like exque, eque, and, poet., aque) is denied by Moser, Cic. Rep. 2, 15, p. 248, and he reads instead of ad humanitatem adque mansuetudinem of the MSS., hum. atque mans. But adque, in acc. with later usage, is restored by Hand in App. M. 10, p. 247, adque haec omnia oboediebam for atque; and in Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 9, utroque vorsum rectum'st ingenium meum, ad se adque illum, is now read, ad te atque ad illum (Fleck., Brix).
    II.
    In composition.
    A.
    Form. According to the usual orthography, the d of the ad remains unchanged before vowels, and before b, d, h, m, v: adbibo, adduco, adhibeo, admoveo, advenio; it is assimilated to c, f, g, l, n, p, r, s, t: accipio, affigo, aggero, allabor, annumero, appello, arripio, assumo, attineo; before g and s it sometimes disappears: agnosco, aspicio, asto: and before qu it passes into c: acquiro, acquiesco.—But later philologists, supported by old inscriptions and good MSS., have mostly adopted the following forms: ad before j, h, b, d, f, m, n, q, v; ac before c, sometimes, but less well, before q; ag and also ad before g; a before gn, sp, sc, st; ad and also al before l; ad rather than an before n; ap and sometimes ad before p; ad and also ar before r; ad and also as before s; at and sometimes ad before t. In this work the old orthography has commonly been retained for the sake of convenient reference, but the better form in any case is indicated.—
    B.
    Signif. In English up often denotes approach, and in many instances will give the force of ad as a prefix both in its local and in its figurative sense.
    1.
    Local.
    a.
    To, toward: affero, accurro, accipio ( to one's self).—
    b.
    At, by: astare, adesse.—
    c.
    On, upon, against: accumbo, attero.—
    d.
    Up (cf. de- = down, as in deicio, decido): attollo, ascendo, adsurgo.—
    2.
    Fig.
    a.
    To: adjudico, adsentior.—
    b.
    At or on: admiror, adludo.—
    c.
    Denoting conformity to, or comparison with: affiguro, adaequo.—
    d.
    Denoting addition, increase (cf. ab, de, and ex as prefixes to denote privation): addoceo, adposco.—
    e.
    Hence, denoting intensity: adamo, adimpleo, aduro, and perhaps agnosco.—
    f.
    Denoting the coming to an act or state, and hence commencement: addubito, addormio, adquiesco, adlubesco, advesperascit. See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 74-134.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ad

  • 17 adhibeo

    ăd-hĭbĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, 2, v. a. [habeo], to hold toward or to, to turn, bring, add to; with ad, in, dat. or absol.
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit.:

    cur non adhibuisti, dum istaec loquereris, tympanum,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 38:

    huc adhibete aurīs (ad ea) quae ego loquar,

    id. Ps. 1, 2, 20:

    ad mea formosos vultus adhibete carmina,

    Ov. Am. 2, 1, 37; cf. ib. 13, 15:

    manus medicas ad vulnera,

    Verg. G. 3, 455:

    odores ad deos,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 40:

    quos negat ad panem adhibere quidquam, praeter nasturtium,

    to eat with it, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34:

    alicui calcaria,

    id. Brut. 56 (cf. addere calcar, v. addo):

    manus genibus adhibet, i. e. admovet, genua amplexatur,

    Ov. M. 9, 216:

    vincula captis,

    to put them on them, id. F. 3, 293.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    metum ut mihi adhibeam,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 20; cf. Quint. 1, 3, 15:

    nunc animum nobis adhibe veram ad rationem,

    Lucr. 2, 1023; Cic. Har. Resp. 10, 20:

    vacuas aurīs adhibe ad veram rationem,

    Lucr. 1, 51; cf. Ov. M. 15, 238; Verg. A. 11, 315:

    ut oratio, quae lumen adhibere rebus debet, ea obscuritatem afferat,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 13, 50:

    est ea (oratio) quidem utilior, sed raro proficit neque est ad vulgus adhibenda,

    id. Tusc. 4, 28, 60:

    adhibere cultus, honores, preces, diis immortalibus,

    id. N. D. 1, 2; cf. Tac. A. 14, 53:

    alicui voluptates,

    Cic. Mur. 35:

    consolationem,

    id. Brut. 96:

    omnes ii motus, quos orator adhibere volet judici,

    which the orator may wish to communicate to the judge, id. de Or. 2, 45 al. —Hence = addere, adjungere, to add to:

    uti quattuor initiis rerum illis quintam hanc naturam non adhiberet,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 11, 39:

    ad domesticorum majorumque morem etiam hanc a Socrate adventitiam doctrinam adhibuerunt,

    id. Rep. 3, 3.
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    Of persons, to bring one to a place, to summon, to employ (cf. the Engl. to have one up):

    hoc temere numquam amittam ego a me, quin mihi testes adhibeam,

    Ter. Ph. 4, 5, 2; so Cic. Fin. 2, 21; Tac. A. 15, 14:

    medicum,

    Cic. Fat. 12:

    leges, ad quas (sc. defendendas) adhibemur,

    we are summoned, id. Clu. 52:

    nec, quoniam apud Graecos judices res agetur, poteris adhibere Demosthenem,

    id. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:

    adhibebitur heros,

    shall be brought upon the stage, Hor. A. P. 227:

    castris adhibere socios et foedera jungere,

    Verg. A. 8, 56:

    aliquem in partem periculi,

    Ov. M. 11, 447:

    in auxilium,

    Just. 3, 6.—
    B.
    Adhibere ad or in consilium, to send for one in order to receive counsel from him, to consult one:

    neque hos ad concilium adhibendos censeo,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 77, 3:

    in consilium,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 11, 1; so also absol.:

    a tuis reliquis non adhibemur,

    we are not consulted, Cic. Fam. 4, 7; so ib. 10, 25; 11, [p. 35] 7; id. Off. 3, 20; id. Phil. 5, 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; Suet. Claud. 35; cf. Cortius ad Sall. J. 113, and ad Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 15.—But sometimes adhibere in consilium = admittere in cons., to admit to a consultation. —So trop.:

    est tuum, sic agitare animo, ut non adhibeas in consilium cogitationum tuarum desperationem aut timorem,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 1.—
    C.
    Adhibere aliquem cenae, epulis, etc., to invite to a dinner, to a banquet, etc., to entertain:

    adhibete Penatīs et patrios epulis, etc.,

    Verg. A. 5, 62; so Hor. C. 4, 5, 32; Suet. Caes. 73; Aug. 74: in convivium, Nep. praef. 7.—And absol., to receive, to treat:

    quos ego universos adhiberi liberaliter dico oportere,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 5:

    Quintum filium severius adhibebo,

    id. Att. 10, 12.—
    D.
    Adhibere se ad aliquid, to betake or apply one's self to a thing, i. e. to devote attention to it:

    adhibere se remotum a curis veram ad rationem,

    Lucr. 1, 44 (cf. above I. A.); and absol.: adhibere se, to appear or to behave one's self in any manner:

    permagni est hominis, sic se adhibere in tanta potestate, ut nulla alia potestas ab iis, quibus ipse praeest, desideretur,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 7.—
    E.
    Adhibere aliquid ad aliquid, alicui rei, or with in and abl., to put a thing to a determinate use, to apply, to use or employ for or in any thing definite (therefore, with intention and deliberation; on the contr., usurpare denotes merely momentary use; cf. Cic. Lael. 2, 8; and uti, use that arises from some necessity, Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 1, 20):

    adhibere omnem diligentiam ad convalescendum,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 9; cf. ib. 6; Nep. Att. 21:

    cautionem privatis rebus suis,

    Cic. Att. 1, 19:

    medicinam aegroto,

    id. ib. 16, 15:

    humatis titulum, i. e. inscriptionem addere,

    Liv. 26, 25:

    belli necessitatibus patientiam,

    id. 5, 6:

    fraudem testamento,

    Suet. Dom. 2:

    curam viis,

    id. Vesp. 5:

    fidem et diligentiam in amicorum periculis,

    Cic. Clu. 42, 118:

    misericordiam in fortunis alicujus et sapientiam in salute reip.,

    id. Rab. Perd. 2:

    flores in causis,

    id. Or. 19:

    curam in valetudine tuenda,

    Cels. 3, 18; and with de:

    curam de aliqua re,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 3: modum, to set a limit to, to set bounds to:

    vitio,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 17:

    sumptibus,

    Suet. Ner. 16: cf. id. Aug. 100; id. Tib. 34:

    voluptati,

    Quint. 9, 3, 74:

    memoriam contumeliae,

    to retain it in memory, Nep. Epam. 7.—
    F.
    Adhibere aliquid, in gen., to use, employ, exercise:

    neque quisquam parsimoniam adhibet,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 79:

    fidem,

    id. Rud. 4, 3, 104:

    celeritatem,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 2:

    calumniam, fraudem, dolum, id. Auct. Or. pro Dom. 14, 36: modum quemdam,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 38; Suet. Calig. 2:

    nulla arte adhibita,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 26:

    sollertiam, Tibull. 3, 4, 75: querelas,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 12:

    adhibere moram = differre,

    Pompon. Dig. 18, 6, 16.—
    G.
    In later Lat.: alicui aliquem, to bring up, quote one to another as authority for an assertion:

    is nos aquam multam ex diluta nive bibentis coërcebat, severiusque increpabat adhibebatque nobis auctoritates nobilium medicorum,

    Gell. 19, 5, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adhibeo

  • 18 coloro

    cŏlōro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [id.].
    I.
    To give a color to, to color, tinge (class.):

    corpora,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 110:

    lignum sinopide,

    Plin. 35, 6, 13, § 31:

    lineas testa trita,

    id. 35, 3, 5, § 16:

    medicamentum rubricā vel atramento,

    Scrib. Comp. 228:

    coloratum Tithoni conjuge caelum,

    Ov. Am. 2, 5, 35.—
    B.
    In partic., to color reddish or brownish, to tinge:

    cum in sole ambulem, natura fit ut colorer,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 60; Quint. 5, 10, 81; Sen. Ep. 108, 4:

    pira sole,

    Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 54; Prop. 3 (4), 13, 16:

    colorat aequora Nilus,

    Cat. 11, 7.—
    II.
    Trop. (cf. color, II.).
    A.
    In gen., to imbue thoroughly:

    sapientia nisi alte descendit et diu sedit animum non coloravit, sed infecit,

    Sen. Ep. 71, 30.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    Of discourse, to give it a coloring; and in pass., to retain or receive a coloring, to be tinged:

    cum istos libros studiosius legerim, sentio orationem meam illorum tactu quasi colorari,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 60; id. Or. 13, 42:

    urbanitate quādam quasi colorata oratio,

    id. Brut. 46, 170. —
    2.
    (In a bad sense.) To give a coloring, to gloss over, palliate, Val. Max. 8, 2, 2:

    inepta sua serio vultu,

    Prud. Cath. 2, 35 (cf. color, II. B. b.).—Hence, cŏlōrātus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Colored, having color:

    arcus,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 20, 51:

    uvae,

    Col. 11, 2:

    pira,

    Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 56.—
    2.
    Esp., colored red, red, imbrowned, Quint. 5, 10, 81:

    corpora,

    having a healthy color, id. 8, prooem. § 19; cf.

    virtus,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 7, 3:

    aliquis speciosior et coloratior,

    Cels. 2, 2:

    Indi,

    Verg. G. 4, 293:

    Seres,

    Ov. Am. 1, 14, 6:

    Etrusci,

    Mart. 10, 68.—
    B.
    Trop., colored, specious:

    ficta et colorata,

    Sen. Ep. 16, 2.— Adv.: cŏlōrātē, in a specious or plausible manner:

    offert tale patrocinium,

    Quint. Decl. 285.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > coloro

  • 19 conservans

    con-servo, āvi, ātum, 1 ( inf. perf. conservasse more usu. than conservavisse, acc. to Quint. 1, 6, 21), v. a., to retain, keep something in existence, to hold up, maintain, to preserve, leave unhurt or safe (class.; esp. freq. in prose).
    I.
    Of corporeal objects; absol.:

    conserva, quaere, parce,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 27; usu. with acc.:

    conservasti te atque illam,

    id. Heaut. 4, 1, 40:

    placet his, simul atque natum sit animal, ipsum sibi conciliari et commendari ad se conservandum et ad suum statum et ad ea quae conservantia sunt ejus status diligenda,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 5, 16; v. infra, P. a.:

    Caesar sese eos conservaturum dixit,

    would save, leave unharmed, Caes. B. G. 2, 15; so id. ib. 2, 12; 2, 28; id. B. C. 3, 98; Nep. Them. 5, 2; 8, 6; Suet. Aug. 17 al.:

    rem familiarem diligentiā et parsimoniā (corresp. with augere),

    Cic. Off. 2, 24, 87:

    simulacra arasque,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 7:

    conservari alitem atque sobolem jussere haruspices,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 136:

    arborem,

    to preserve, Suet. Aug. 94:

    chirographum,

    id. Dom. 1:

    praedia successioni suae,

    Dig. 32, 1, 38, § 7.—With two accs.:

    omnes salvos,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 25:

    aliquos incolumes,

    id. Fam. 9, 13, 3:

    rectam conservare stirpem,

    Col. 4, 20, 1.—
    II.
    Of incorporeal objects:

    corpora quaedam conservant naturam semper eandem,

    Lucr. 1, 677:

    genus,

    id. 2, 709:

    ordinem,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 6:

    pristinam erga me voluntatem,

    id. Fam. 5, 3, 2:

    pristinum animum erga populum Romanum,

    Liv. 31, 2, 4:

    jusjurandum,

    to keep, observe, Cic. Off. 3, 28, 103; Nep. Hann. 2, 5:

    quam (benevolentiam) conservabo,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 6:

    jus augurum,

    id. Div. 2, 35, 75:

    tuorum meritorum erga me memoriam,

    id. Fam. 4, 13, 7:

    patriam,

    id. Rep. 6, 13, 13; cf. id. Red. Quir. 7, 17:

    religionem,

    Nep. Ages. 2, 5:

    indutias,

    id. ib. 2, 4:

    voluntatem mortuorum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 124:

    legem,

    Quint. 9, 2, 83:

    privilegia athletis,

    Suet. Aug. 45.—So the formula in treating for peace: majestatem populi Romani comiter conservato, in Cic. Balb. 16, 35; Liv. 38, 11, 2; cf. Dig. 49, 15, 7, and v. comis, adv. fin. —With double acc.:

    incorrupta mei conserva foedera lecti,

    Prop. 4 (5), 3, 69.—Hence, conser-vans, antis, P. a., preservative; with gen.:

    quae conservantia sunt ejus statūs,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 5, 16.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conservans

  • 20 conservo

    con-servo, āvi, ātum, 1 ( inf. perf. conservasse more usu. than conservavisse, acc. to Quint. 1, 6, 21), v. a., to retain, keep something in existence, to hold up, maintain, to preserve, leave unhurt or safe (class.; esp. freq. in prose).
    I.
    Of corporeal objects; absol.:

    conserva, quaere, parce,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 27; usu. with acc.:

    conservasti te atque illam,

    id. Heaut. 4, 1, 40:

    placet his, simul atque natum sit animal, ipsum sibi conciliari et commendari ad se conservandum et ad suum statum et ad ea quae conservantia sunt ejus status diligenda,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 5, 16; v. infra, P. a.:

    Caesar sese eos conservaturum dixit,

    would save, leave unharmed, Caes. B. G. 2, 15; so id. ib. 2, 12; 2, 28; id. B. C. 3, 98; Nep. Them. 5, 2; 8, 6; Suet. Aug. 17 al.:

    rem familiarem diligentiā et parsimoniā (corresp. with augere),

    Cic. Off. 2, 24, 87:

    simulacra arasque,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 7:

    conservari alitem atque sobolem jussere haruspices,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 136:

    arborem,

    to preserve, Suet. Aug. 94:

    chirographum,

    id. Dom. 1:

    praedia successioni suae,

    Dig. 32, 1, 38, § 7.—With two accs.:

    omnes salvos,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 25:

    aliquos incolumes,

    id. Fam. 9, 13, 3:

    rectam conservare stirpem,

    Col. 4, 20, 1.—
    II.
    Of incorporeal objects:

    corpora quaedam conservant naturam semper eandem,

    Lucr. 1, 677:

    genus,

    id. 2, 709:

    ordinem,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 6:

    pristinam erga me voluntatem,

    id. Fam. 5, 3, 2:

    pristinum animum erga populum Romanum,

    Liv. 31, 2, 4:

    jusjurandum,

    to keep, observe, Cic. Off. 3, 28, 103; Nep. Hann. 2, 5:

    quam (benevolentiam) conservabo,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 6:

    jus augurum,

    id. Div. 2, 35, 75:

    tuorum meritorum erga me memoriam,

    id. Fam. 4, 13, 7:

    patriam,

    id. Rep. 6, 13, 13; cf. id. Red. Quir. 7, 17:

    religionem,

    Nep. Ages. 2, 5:

    indutias,

    id. ib. 2, 4:

    voluntatem mortuorum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 124:

    legem,

    Quint. 9, 2, 83:

    privilegia athletis,

    Suet. Aug. 45.—So the formula in treating for peace: majestatem populi Romani comiter conservato, in Cic. Balb. 16, 35; Liv. 38, 11, 2; cf. Dig. 49, 15, 7, and v. comis, adv. fin. —With double acc.:

    incorrupta mei conserva foedera lecti,

    Prop. 4 (5), 3, 69.—Hence, conser-vans, antis, P. a., preservative; with gen.:

    quae conservantia sunt ejus statūs,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 5, 16.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conservo

См. также в других словарях:

  • RETAIN — is a mainframe based database system, accessed via IBM 3270 terminals (or more likely, emulators), used internally within IBM providing service support to IBM field personnel and customers.The acronym RETAIN stands for REmote Technical Assistance …   Wikipedia

  • retain — re‧tain [rɪˈteɪn] verb [transitive] 1. to keep something or to continue to have it: • A duplicate copy of the invoice will be retained for record purposes. • Following the merger, the family will retain a 1.9% stake in the company. 2 …   Financial and business terms

  • Retain — Re*tain (r[ e]*t[=a]n ), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Retained} (r[ e]*t[=a]nd ); p. pr. & vb. n. {Retaining}.] [F. retainir, L. retinere; pref. re re + tenere to hold, keep. See {Tenable}, and cf. {Rein} of a bridle, {Retention}, {Retinue}.] 1. To… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • retain — re·tain /ri tān/ vt 1: to keep in possession or use 2: to keep in one s pay or service; specif: to employ (as a lawyer) by paying a retainer Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996 …   Law dictionary

  • retain — [v1] hold on to physically or mentally absorb, bear in mind, cling to, clutch, contain, detain, enjoy, grasp, hand onto, have, hold, hold fast, husband, keep, keep in mind, keep possession, maintain, memorize, mind, own, possess, preserve, put… …   New thesaurus

  • retain — [ri tān′] vt. [ME reteynen < OFr retenir < LL * retenere, for L retinere < re , back + tenere, to hold: see THIN] 1. to hold or keep in possession 2. to keep in a fixed state or condition 3. to continue to have or hold in [to retain… …   English World dictionary

  • Retain — Re*tain , v. i. 1. To belong; to pertain. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] A somewhat languid relish, retaining to bitterness. Boyle. [1913 Webster] 2. To keep; to continue; to remain. [Obs.] Donne. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • retain — (v.) late 14c., from O.Fr. retenir, from L. retinere hold back, from re back (see RE (Cf. re )) + tenere to hold (see TENET (Cf. tenet)). Meaning keep (another) attached to one s person, keep in service is from mid 15c.; specifically of lawyers… …   Etymology dictionary

  • retain — *keep, keep back, keep out, detain, withhold, reserve, hold, hold back Analogous words: *have, hold, own, possess, enjoy: *save, preserve, conserve Contrasted words: *discard, shed, cast: *relinquish, surrender, abandon, yield: * …   New Dictionary of Synonyms

  • retain — ► VERB 1) continue to have; keep possession of. 2) absorb and continue to hold (a substance). 3) keep in place; hold fixed. 4) keep engaged in one s service. 5) secure the services of (a barrister) with a preliminary payment. DERIVATIVES… …   English terms dictionary

  • retain — 01. It can be difficult to [retain] a lot of new vocabulary. 02. The [retention] of information is aided by repetition. 03. With our new thermos, your coffee will [retain] its temperature 25% longer than in a standard thermos. 04. Maria has… …   Grammatical examples in English

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