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61 recedo

rĕ-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3, v. n., to go back, fall back, give ground, retire, withdraw, recede.
A.
Lit. (class.; cf.:
decedo, abscedo): pone nos recede,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 34:
ego abs te procul recedam,
id. Mil. 2, 4, 4:
hinc,
id. Bacch. 4, 1, 7:
illuc,
id. Rud. 3, 5, 7:
recedere loco,
id. Am. 1, 1, 84; cf.:
centuriones ex eo quo stabant loco recesserunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 43:
non modo illum e Galliā non discessisse, sed ne a Mutinā quidem recessisse,
Cic. Phil. 8, 7, 21:
procul a telo veniente,
Ov. M. 12, 359:
de medio,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 112:
ab hoste,
Ov. P. 3, 1, 151:
longius,
Verg. G. 4, 191:
tristis recedo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 35; id. C. 2, 19, 31:
ab Illiturgi,
Liv. 24, 41:
in castra Corneliana,
Caes. B. C. 2, 30 fin. —
2.
In partic., to retire to one's bedchamber, go to rest, Petr. 85, 5; Ov. Ib. 239.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Of inanimate and abstract things:
ut illae undae ad alios accedant, ab aliis autem recedant,
Cic. Planc. 6, 15:
verba movere loco, quamvis invita recedant,
yield, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 113:
multa ferunt anni venientes commoda secum, Multa recedentes adimunt,
the departing years, id. A. P. 176:
abeant ac recedant voces illae,
Plin. Pan. 2, 2.—
2.
Of places, things, etc., to stand back, recede (i. e. to be distant or retired;
freq., esp. after the Aug. per.): secreta parentis Anchisae domus arboribusque obtecta recessit,
Verg. A. 2, 300; cf. Cat. 64, 43; and:
etsi lata recessit Urbe domus,
Stat. Th. 5, 242; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21:
Palaestina vocabatur, quā contingit Arabas... et quā recedit intus, Damascena,
Plin. 5, 12, 13, § 66:
Magna Graecia in tres sinus recedens Ausonii maris,
id. 3, 10, 15, § 95; 4, 10, 17, § 33; Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 18.—Of nations:
gens Cappadocum longissime Ponticarum omnium introrsus recedens,
Plin. 6, 8, 8, § 24.—In a painting, etc.:
pictor vi artis suae efficit, ut quaedam eminere in opere, quaedam recessisse credamus,
Quint. 2, 17, 21; cf.:
venter recessit,
Plin. Ep. 3, 6, 2.— Poet., of places, which appear to recede by our departure from them:
provehimur portu, terraeque urbesque recedunt,
Verg. A. 3, 72:
mea terra recedit,
Ov. M. 8, 139; 11, 466; Sil. 3, 157; Stat. Th. 1, 549 al.—
II.
In gen., to go away, withdraw, retire, depart from a place, to abandon a thing, = discedere.
A.
Lit. (in good prose very rare), = discedere, haec effatu' pater, germana, repente recessit, vanished, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 48 Vahl.):
nec vero a stabulis pluviā impendente recedunt Longius (apes),
Verg. G. 4, 191; Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 2.—
2.
Transf., of things, to separate from any thing (with which it was previously connected):
in aliis ossibus ex toto saepe fragmentum a fragmento recedit,
Cels. 8, 7, 1:
carnes ab ossibus,
Plin. 22, 8, 9, § 22; 19, 5, 23, § 67:
caput e cervice,
Ov. P. 2, 8, 65;
for which also: caput cervice,
id. H. 16, 153; cf. id. F. 6, 708; Luc. 8, 674. —
B.
Trop., to withdraw, depart, desist (class.; esp. freq. in Cic. and Quint.): si quid vos per laborem recte feceritis, labor ille a vobis cito recedet, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 1, 4:
avius a verā longe ratione recedit,
Lucr. 2, 229:
senes, ut in otia tuta recedant, aiunt, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 31:
ab officio recedere,
Cic. Off. 3, 4, 19; Auct. Her. 3, 3, 5; Cic. Caecin. 20, 58:
ab armis,
i. e. to lay them down, id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:
penitus a naturā,
id. Fin. 4, 16, 43:
ab eodem exemplo,
Quint. 1, 6, 6; 2, 8, 13; 7, 3, 21:
a sententiis ejus, ab omni voluntate, consiliisque,
Cic. Att. 12, 4, 2: a vitā, i. e. to kill one ' s self, id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40 (but Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 6, to die, in gen., a doubtful conjecture; Jahn, procedente [p. 1530] vitā):
a veritatis viā longe,
Lact. 2, 8, 1:
ab oppugnatione,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Very freq. of inanimate and abstract subjects:
postquam recessit vita patrio corpore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 73:
(nomen hostis) a peregrino recessit et proprie in eo, qui arma contra ferret, remansit,
has lost the signification of foreigner, Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37; so,
res a consuetudine,
id. Quint. 21, 67; Quint. 2, 13, 11:
figurae sententiarum ab illo simplici modo indicandi recedunt,
id. 9, 2, 1:
ab usu cotidiano,
id. 10, 1, 44 et saep.— Poet., with simple abl.:
sic nunquam corde recedit Nata tuo,
departs, Stat. S. 3, 5, 55.— Absol., to vanish, pass away, disappear:
et pariter Phoebes, pariter maris ira recessit,
Ov. M. 12, 36:
spes,
Luc. 7, 688:
quonam nostri tibi cura recessit?
Verg. A. 2, 595:
fortuna recessit,
id. ib. 3, 53.— With in:
in ventos vita recessit,
passed away into the winds, Verg. A. 4, 705.— Hence, * rĕcessus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B.), drawn back, receding:
scaena recessior,
standing farther back, Vitr. 5, 8.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > recedo
62 recipio

rĕ-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3 ( fut. apoc. recipie, for recipiam, Cato ap. Fest. p. 138 and 236 Müll.; v. dico init.:
recepso, for recepero,
Cat. 44, 19), v. a. [capio].
I.
To take back, get back, bring back; to retake, regain, recover.
A.
Lit. (very freq. and class.):
dandis recipiendisque meritis,
Cic. Lael. 8, 26:
tu me sequere ad trapezitam... recipe actutum,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 49 (just before, ni argentum refers); cf.:
centum talenta et credidisse eos constat, et non recepisse,
Quint. 5, 10, 111; and (opp. mutuum dare) Mart. 3, 40, 4:
si velit suos recipere, obsides sibi remittat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 8 fin.:
obsides,
Suet. Aug. 21:
reges,
Liv. 2, 15:
recepto amico,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 27; 4, 2, 47. — Freq. of places, etc., once captured and lost, to retake:
cum Tarento amisso... aliquot post annos Maximus id oppidum recepisset... nunquam ego (Tarentum) recepissem, nisi tu perdidisses,
Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 273; cf. id. Sen. 4, 11:
Lavinium,
Liv. 2, 39;
so of other things: recipere suas res amissas,
Liv. 3, 63:
praeda omnis recepta est,
id. 3, 3:
signa, quae ademerant Parthi,
Suet. Tib. 9:
arma,
Liv. 9, 11; Curt. 4, 12, 17: pectore in adverso totum cui comminus ensem Condidit assurgenti, et multā morte recepit, drew out again, = retraxit, Verg. A. 9, 348; so,
sagittam ab alterā parte,
Cels. 7, 5, 2: suos omnes incolumes receperunt (sc. ex oppido in castra), drew off, withdrew, = reduxerunt, Caes. B. G. 7, 12 fin.; so,
milites defessos,
id. B. C. 1, 45 fin.:
exercitum,
Liv. 10, 42:
equitatum navibus ad se intra munitiones,
Caes. B. C. 3, 58:
illum ego... medio ex hoste recepi,
bore away, rescued, Verg. A. 6, 111.—
b.
With se, to draw back, withdraw from or to any place, to betake one ' s self anywhere; in milit. lang., to retire, retreat:
se ex eo loco,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 10; cf.:
se e fano,
id. Poen. 4, 1, 5:
se ex opere,
id. Men. 5, 3, 7:
se ex hisce locis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 21:
se e Siciliā,
id. Brut. 92, 318:
se ex fugā,
Caes. B. G. 7, 20 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 102:
se inde,
id. B. G. 5, 15:
se hinc,
id. B. C. 1, 45 et saep.:
recipe te,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 8:
se,
Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45 (just before, reverti); Caes. B. C. 3, 45 (coupled with loco excedere); 3, 46; cf.:
sui recipiendi facultas,
id. B. G. 3, 4 fin.; 6, 37;
for which: se recipiendi spatium,
Liv. 10, 28:
recipe te ad erum,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 20:
se ad dominum,
id. ib. 4, 3, 1:
se ad nos,
Cic. Att. 4, 15, 2:
se ad suos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 46; 7, 82; id. B. C. 3, 38; 3, 50; 3, 52 fin.:
se ad Caesarem (Allobroges, legati),
id. B. G. 1, 11; 4, 38:
se ad agmen,
id. ib. 7, 13; id. B. C. 3, 75 fin.:
se penitus ad extremos fines,
id. B. G. 6, 10:
se ad legionem,
id. ib. 7, 50 fin.:
se ad oppidum llerdam,
id. B. C. 1, 45:
se ad ordines suos,
id. ib. 2, 41:
se ad signa,
id. B. G. 5, 34 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 43 fin.:
se a pabulo ad stabulum,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 33:
inde se in currus,
Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin.:
se ex castris in oppidum,
id. B. C. 2, 35:
se in castra,
id. B. G. 2. 11 fin.; 2, 24; 3, 6; 3, 26 fin.;
4, 15 et saep.: se in fines,
id. ib. 4, 16:
se in Galliam,
id. ib. 4, 19 fin.:
se in montem,
id. ib. 1, 25: se in antiquas munitiones, id. B. C. 3, 54 fin.:
se in silvas ad suos,
id. B. G. 2, 19:
se in castra ad urbem,
id. B. C. 2, 25; 2, 26; cf.:
se retro in castra,
Liv. 23, 36;
and with this cf.: sese retro in Bruttios,
id. 23, 37;
and so, se, with rursus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 25; id. Pers. 4, 5, 6; id. Rud. 4, 6, 19; Caes. B. G. 5, 34 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 41 et saep.:
se in novissimos,
Liv. 7, 40:
se intra munitiones,
Caes. B. G. 5, 44; cf.:
se intra montes,
id. B. C. 1, 65:
se per declive,
id. ib. 3, 51:
se sub murum,
id. ib. 2, 14:
se trans Rhenum,
id. B. G. 6, 41:
se Larissam versus,
id. B. C. 3, 97:
se domum ex hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 52:
se domum,
id. ib. 2, 2, 31; id. Capt. 1, 2, 25; id. Aul. 2, 1, 55:
se Adrumetum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 23:
se Hispalim,
id. ib. 2, 20:
se Dyrrhachium ad Pompeium,
id. ib. 3, 9 fin.:
se illuc,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 10; id. Merc. 5, 2, 40; id. Ps. 3, 1, 23 al.; cf.:
se huc esum ad praesepim suam,
id. Curc. 2, 1, 13:
se eo,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25 et saep. — In the same meaning, without se: neque sepulcrum, quo recipiat, habeat portum corporis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 415 Vahl.); cf.
of a military retreat: si quo erat longius prodeundum aut celerius recipiendum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 48 fin.; so without se after the verbum finitum several times in Plaut.:
rursum in portum recipimus,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 60:
dum recipis,
id. Rud. 3, 6, 42:
actutum face recipias,
id. Merc. 2, 4, 30. —
2.
Transf.
(α).
In business lang., to keep back, retain, reserve (cf. Gell. 17, 6, 6):
posticulum hoc recepit, quom aedis vendidit,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 157; so in a sale, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 226; Cic. Top. 26, 100; Dig. 19, 1, 53; 8, 4, 10: mulier magnam dotem dat et magnam pecuniam recipit, Cato ap. Gell. 17, 6, 8. — With object-clause, Cato, R. R. 149, 2. — With dat.:
aqua, itinere, actu domini usioni recipitur,
Cato, R. R. 149, 2.—
(β).
To restore (late Lat.):
urbem munitissimam,
to fortify anew, Amm. 16, 3, 2. —
B.
Trop., to get back, bring back; to receive again, regain, recover:
ut antiquam frequentiam recipere vastam ac desertam bellis urbem paterentur,
Liv. 24, 3:
jus,
Quint. 5, 10, 118:
et totidem, quot dixit, verba recepit,
got back, Ov. M. 3, 384:
quam (vitam) postquam recepi,
received again, id. ib. 15, 535: anhelitum, to recover one ' s breath, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 21; id. Merc. 3, 4, 16; cf.
spiritum,
Quint. 11, 3, 55:
animam,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 26; Quint. 6, prooem. §
13: a tanto pavore recipere animos,
Liv. 21, 5, 16 Weissenb.:
a pavore animum,
id. 2, 50, 10:
e pavore recepto animo,
id. 44, 10, 1;
for which: animos ex pavore,
id. 21, 5 fin.:
recepto animo,
Curt. 6, 9, 2; 9, 5, 29:
animum vultumque,
Ov. F. 4, 615:
mente receptā,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 104:
(vocem) ab acutissimo sono usque ad gravissimum sonum recipere,
to bring it back, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. —
In zeugma (cf. I. A. supra): arma et animos,
Curt. 4, 12, 17.—
b.
With se.
(α).
To betake one ' s self, withdraw, retire from or to any place:
ad ingenium vetus versutum te recipis tuum,
Plaut. As. 2, 1, 7:
ad frugem bonam,
Cic. Cael. 12, 28:
ad reliquam cogitationem belli,
Caes. B. C. 3, 17 fin.:
se a voluptatibus in otium,
Plin. Pan. 82, 8:
se in principem,
to resume his princely air, id. ib. 76, 5.— More freq.,
(β).
To recover, to collect one ' s self:
difficulter se recipiunt,
regain strength, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 17:
quae cum intuerer stupens, ut me recepi, Quis hic, inquam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18:
nullum spatium respirandi recipiendique se dedit,
Liv. 10, 28:
se ex terrore ac fugā,
Caes. B. G. 2, 12:
se ex timore,
id. ib. 4, 34:
se ex fugā,
id. ib. 4, 27:
nondum totā me mente recepi,
Ov. M. 5, 275.
II.
(Acc. to re, I. b.) To take to one ' s self, admit, accept, receive; constr. with the simple acc., with ad, or in and acc., in and abl., with simple abl., with a local acc.
A.
Lit.
(α).
With simple acc.:
quos homines quondam Laurentis terra recepit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p 762 P. (Ann. v. 35 Vahl.): (ego) excludor, ille recipitur,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 79:
aliquem,
Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48:
hic nulla munitio est, quae perterritos recipiat,
Caes. B. G. 6, 39; cf.:
hos tutissimus portus recipiebat,
id. B. C. 3, 27; 1, 15; cf. id. ib. 3, 11 fin.;
3, 35: eum Jugurtha accuratissime recepit,
Sall. J. 16, 3:
neque quisquam aut expulsus invidiosius aut receptus est laetius,
Vell. 2, 45, 3; Quint. 7, 1, 14; 9, 2, 89:
nisi nos vicina Trivici Villa recepisset,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 80 [p. 1533] et saep.:
quisnam istic fluvius est, quem non recipiat mare?
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 86; cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 10; and:
(Peneus) accipit amnem Orcon nec recipit,
i. e. does not take it to itself, does not mingle with it, Plin. 4, 8, 15, § 31:
equus frenum recepit,
received, submitted to, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 36:
necesse erat, ab latere aperto tela recipi,
Caes. B. G. 5, 35. —
(β).
With ad:
recipe me ad te,
Plaut. Cist. 3, 9; id. Am. 3, 2, 11; id. Rud. 2, 3, 20; id. Ps. 3, 6, 6; Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 6; Suet. Caes. 63:
aliquem ad epulas,
Cic. Top. 5, 25; cf.:
ad lusum,
Suet. Ner. 11. —
(γ).
With in and acc.:
recipe me in tectum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 7, 16:
concubinam in aedes,
id. Mil. 4, 3, 3:
nos in custodiam tuam,
id. Rud. 3, 3, 34:
Tarquinium in civitatem,
Cic. Rep. 2, 20, 35; id. Balb. 13, 31; Liv. 2, 5; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 6:
aliquem in ordinem senatorium,
Cic. Phil. 7, 5, 15:
aliquem in fidem,
id. Fam. 13, 19, 2; id. Att. 15, 14, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 15; 4, 22:
aliquem in civitatem,
Cic. Balb. 12, 29:
aliquem in caelum,
id. N. D. 3, 15, 39:
aliquem in deditionem,
Caes. B. G. 3, 21 fin.; Liv. 8, 13; Suet. Calig. 14 al.:
aliquem in jus dicionemque,
Liv. 21, 61:
aliquem in amicitiam,
Sall. J. 14, 5; 5, 4 Kritz N. cr.:
aliquam in matrimonium,
Suet. Caes. 50; Just. 9, 5, 9 et saep. —
(δ).
With in and abl. (rare and in purely local relations; v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 5, 4):
aliquem in loco,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 3:
loricati in equis recipiuntur, Auct. B. Hisp. 4, 2: sidera in caelo recepta,
Ov. M. 2, 529 (but in Liv. 24, 32, 6, the correct read. is tuto Hexapylo, without in; v. Weissenb. ad h. l.). —
(ε).
With simple abl. (mostly in purely local relations):
ut tuo recipias tecto servesque nos,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 5, 18; so,
aliquem tecto,
Caes. B. G. 7, 66 fin.:
exercitum tectis ac sedibus suis,
Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 90:
aliquem suis urbibus,
id. Fl. 25, 61:
aliquem civitate,
id. Balb. 14, 32:
aliquem finibus suis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 6; 7, 20 fin.:
aliquem oppido ac portu,
id. B. C. 3, 12; 3, 102 fin.:
aliquem moenibus,
Sall. J. 28, 2:
Romulus caelo receptus,
Quint. 3, 7, 5:
receptus Terra Neptunus,
Hor. A. P. 63 et saep. —
(ζ).
With local acc.:
me Acheruntem recipere Orcus noluit,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 68:
aliquem domum suam,
Cic. Arch. 3, 5; cf.:
aliquem domum ad se hospitio,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20.—
(η).
Absol.:
plerosque hi, qui receperant, celant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 76.—
2.
Transf.
a.
In business lang., to take in, receive as the proceeds of any thing:
dena milia sestertia ex melle,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 11:
pecuniam ex novis vectigalibus,
Cic. Agr. 2, 23, 62:
pecunia, quae recipi potest,
id. ib. 2, 18, 47. —
b.
In gladiator's lang.: recipe ferrum, receive your death-blow, the cry of the people to a vanquished gladiator whom they were not inclined to spare, Cic. Sest. 37, 80; id. Tusc. 2, 17, 41 Kühn.; Sen. Tranq. 11, 1;
for which: totum telum corpore,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 12, 33; and:
ense recepto,
Luc. 2, 194 Corte.—
c.
Milit. t. t., to seize, capture, take possession of, occupy: mittit in Siciliam Curionem pro praetore cum legionibus duo;
eundem, cum Siciliam recepisset, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 1, 30:
Praeneste non vi, sed per deditionem receptum est,
Liv. 6, 29:
Aegyptum sine certamine,
Just. 11, 11, 1:
eo oppido recepto,
Caes. B. G. 7, 13 fin.:
civitatem,
id. ib. 6, 8; 7, 90; id. B. C. 1, 12; 1, 16; 1, 30;
3, 16: Aetoliam,
id. ib. 3, 55:
rempublicam armis,
Sall. C. 11, 4:
Alciden terra recepta vocat,
the subjugated earth, Prop. 5, 9, 38. —
d.
In the later medical lang., of medicines, to receive, i. e. be compounded of various ingredients:
antidotos recipit haec: stoechados, marrubii, etc.,
Scrib. Comp. 106; so id. ib. 27; 28; 37; 52 al. (hence the mod. Lat. receptum, receipt, and recipe).—
B.
Trop.
1.
To take to or upon one ' s self, to assume; to receive, accept, admit, allow, endechomai:
non edepol istaec tua dicta nunc in aures recipio,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 34; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 91:
jusjurandum,
id. 5, 6, 1; 3; cf. id. 7, 1, 24: in semet ipsum religionem recipere, to draw upon one ' s self, Liv. 10, 40:
quae legibus cauta sunt, quae persuasione in mores recepta sunt,
admitted, Quint. 5, 10, 13; cf. id. 10, 7, 15:
antiquitas recepit fabulas... haec aetas autem respuit,
Cic. Rep. 2, 10; cf. Quint. 6, 4, 19:
nec inconstantiam virtus recipit nec varietatem natura patitur,
Cic. Rep. 3, 11, 18; cf. Vell. 2, 130, 3: non recipit istam Conjunctionem honestas, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119:
assentatio nocere nemini potest, nisi ei, qui eam recipit atque eă delectatur,
id. Lael. 26, 97:
timor misericordiam non recipit,
Caes. B. G. 7, 26:
casus recipere (res),
to admit, be liable to, id. B. C. 1, 78; so,
aliquem casum (res),
id. ib. 3, 51:
re jam non ultra recipiente cunctationem,
Liv. 29, 24; Vell. 2, 52, 3:
sed hoc distinctionem recipit,
Just. Inst. 1, 12 pr.:
si recipiatur poëtica fabulositas,
Plin. 7, 28, 29, § 101:
in hoc genere prorsus recipio hanc brevem annotationem,
Quint. 10, 7, 31; cf. id. 8, 3, 31:
nos necessarios maxime atque in usum receptos (tropos) exequemur,
id. 8, 6, 2; cf. id. 8, 6, 32; 5, 11, 20; 11, 3, 104; so with a subj.-clause, id. 1, 3, 14; 6, 3, 103; Plin. 28, 2, 5, § 24 al.—
(β).
Of opinions, etc., to adopt, embrace (late Lat.):
alicujus sententiam,
Sulp. Sev. Chron. 2, 39, 1:
opinionem,
id. Dial. 1, 17, 5.—
2.
In partic.
a.
To take upon one ' s self, undertake, accept the performance of a task consigned or intrusted to one (whereas suscipio denotes, in gen., the voluntary undertaking of any action; cf.:
spondeo, stipulor, polliceor): recepi causam Siciliae... ego tamen hoc onere suscepto et receptā causā Siciliensi amplexus animo sum aliquanto amplius. Suscepi enim causam totius ordinis, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 1:
in hoc judicio mihi Siculorum causam receptam, populi Romani susceptam esse videor,
id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 26; and:
in quo est illa magna offensio vel neglegentiae susceptis rebus vel perfidiae receptis,
id. de Or. 2, 24, 101; cf. also Quint. 12, 1, 39:
verebamini, ne non id facerem, quod recepissem semel?
Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 9:
causam Sex. Roscii,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 1, 2:
mandatum,
id. ib. 38, 112:
officium,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 183:
curam ad se,
Suet. Tit. 6.—
b.
To take an obligation upon one ' s self, to pledge one ' s self, pass one ' s word, be surety for a thing, to warrant, promise, engage a thing to any one, = anadechomai (a favorite word of Cic., esp. in his Epistles): Pe. Tute unus si recipere hoc ad te dicis... Pa. Dico et recipio Ad me, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 74; cf.:
ad me recipio: Faciet,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 12:
promitto in meque recipio, fore eum, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 3; cf.:
spondeo in meque recipio eos esse, etc.,
id. ib. 13, 17, 3.—With obj.-clause:
promitto, recipio, spondeo, C. Caesarem talem semper fore civem, qualis hodie sit,
Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 51; so with hoc, id. Fam. 13, 50, 2 (with spondeo); 6, 12, 3; 13, 41, 2 (with confirmo); id. Att. 5, 13, 2; Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 4; Liv. 7, 14 Drak.; 33, 13 fin.:
pro Cassio et te, si quid me velitis recipere, recipiam,
Cic. Fam. 11, 1, 4. — With de:
de aestate polliceris vel potius recipis,
Cic. Att. 13, 1, 2; Liv. 40, 35; cf.
also: sed fidem recepisse sibi et ipsum et Appium de me,
had given him a solemn assurance, Cic. Att. 2, 22, 2.— With dat. (after the analogy of promitto, polliceor, spondeo):
ea, quae tibi promitto ac recipio,
Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 5; cf.: omnia ei et petenti recepi et ultro pollicitus sum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 1; 7, 1:
mihi,
id. ib. 10, 13, 3; Caes. B. C. 3, 82 fin.:
quid sibi is de me recepisset, in memoriam redegit,
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 9.—With dat. and obj.-clause:
mihi in Cumano diligentissime se, ut annui essemus, defensurum receperat,
Cic. Att. 5, 17, 5;
so,
id. Fam. 6, 12, 3 Manut. (with confirmare); 13, 72, 1; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; Caes. B. C. 3, 17; Suet. Caes. 23 fin. —
c.
In jurid. lang.: recipere nomen, of the prætor, to receive or entertain a charge against one, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 94; 2, 2, 42, § 102; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2; Val. Max. 3, 7, 9;
for which: recipere reum,
Tac. A. 2, 74 fin.; 4, 21:
aliquem inter reos,
id. ib. 3, 70; 13, 10. —Hence,
A.
rĕceptus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to II. B. 1.), received, usual, current, customary (post-class. and very rare):
auctoritas receptior,
Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 5: scriptores receptissimi, Sol. praef.—
B.
rĕceptum, i, n. subst. (acc. to II. B. 2. b.), an engagement, obligation, guaranty:
satis est factum Siculis, satis promisso nostro ac recepto,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 53, § 139; cf.:
promissum et receptum intervertit,
id. Phil. 2, 32, 79.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > recipio
63 repono

rĕ-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 ( perf. reposivi, Plaut. As. 3, 1, 16; part. sync. repostus, a, um, on account of the metre, Lucr. 1, 35; 3, 346; Verg. G. 3, 527; id. A. 1, 26; 6, 59; 655; 11, 149; Hor. Epod. 9, 1; Sil. 7, 507 al.), v. a., to lay, place, put, or set back, i. e.,
I.
With the idea of the re predominant.
A.
To lay, place, put, or set a thing back in its former place; to replace, restore, etc. (class.; syn. remitto).
1.
Lit.:
cum suo quemque loco lapidem reponeret,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 146:
quicque suo loco,
Col. 12, 3, 4:
humum,
the earth dug from a pit, Verg. G. 2, 231:
pecuniam in thesauris,
Liv. 29, 18, 15 Weissenb.; 31, 13; cf.:
ornamenta templorum in pristinis sedibus,
Val. Max. 5, 1, 6:
infans repositus in cunas,
Suet. Aug. 94:
ossa in suas sedes,
Cels. 8, 10, 1:
femur ne difficulter reponatur vel repositum excidat,
set again, id. 8, 20; 8, 10, 7: se in cubitum, to lean on the elbow again (at table), Hor. S. 2, 4, 39:
insigne regium, quod ille de suo capite abjecerat, reposuit,
Cic. Sest. 27, 58:
columnas,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 147:
tantundem inaurati aeris,
Suet. Caes. 54:
togam,
to gather up again, Quint. 6, 3, 54; 11, 3, 149:
capillum,
id. 11, 3, 8, prooem. §
22: excussus curru ac rursus repositus,
Suet. Ner. 24:
nos in sceptra,
to reinstate, Verg. A. 1, 253; cf.:
reges per bella pulsos,
Sil. 10, 487:
aliquem solio,
Val. Fl. 6, 742:
veniet qui nos in lucem reponat dies,
Sen. Ep. 36, 10:
ut mihi des nummos sexcentos quos continuo tibi reponam hoc triduo aut quadriduo,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 38; Sen. Ben. 4, 32 fin.:
quosdam nihil reposuisse,
Plin. Ep. 8, 2, 6:
donata,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 39:
flammis ambesa reponunt Robora navigiis,
to replace, restore, Verg. A. 5, 752:
aris ignem,
id. ib. 3, 231:
molem,
Sil. 1, 558:
ruptos vetustate pontes,
Tac. A. 1, 63:
fora templaque,
id. H. 3, 34:
amissa urbi,
id. A. 16, 13:
statuas a plebe disjectas,
Suet. Caes. 65:
cenam,
Mart. 2, 37, 10;
so esp. freq. in Vergil, of the serving up of a second course, as of a renewed banquet: sublata pocula,
Verg. A. 8, 175:
plena pocula,
id. G. 4, 378:
vina mensis (soon after, instaurare epulas),
id. A. 7, 134:
epulas,
id. G. 3, 527:
festas mensas,
Stat. Th. 2, 88:
cibi frigidi et repositi,
Quint. 2, 4, 29.—
2.
Trop., to put or bring back; to replace, restore, renew:
ut, si quid titubaverint (testes), opportuna rursus interrogatione velut in gradum reponantur,
Quint. 5, 7, 11; cf.:
excidentes unius admonitione verbi in memoriam reponuntur,
id. 11, 2, 19:
nec vera virtus, cum semel excidit, Curat reponi deterioribus,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 30.—
(β).
To represent or describe again, to repeat:
fabula quae posci vult et spectata reponi,
Hor. A. P. 190:
Achillem (after Homer),
id. ib. 120; cf.:
dicta paterna,
Pers. 6, 66.—
(γ).
To repay, requite, return:
cogitemus, alios non facere injuriam, sed reponere,
Sen. Ira, 2, 28; cf. Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 19:
semper ego auditor tantum? nunquamne reponam?
repay, Juv. 1, 1.—
(δ).
To put back, put to rest, quiet:
pontum et turbata litora,
Val. Fl. 1, 682; cf.:
post otiosam et repositam vitam,
Amm. 29, 1, 44.—
B.
To bend backwards, lay back: (grues) mollia crura reponunt, bend back (in walking), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 76 (Ann. v. 545 Vahl.);
imitated by Virgil: pullus mollia crura reponit,
Verg. G. 3, 76:
cervicem reponunt et bracchium in latus jactant,
Quint. 4, 2, 39:
tereti cervice repostā,
Lucr. 1, 35:
interim quartus (digitus) oblique reponitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 99:
hic potissimum et vocem flectunt et cervicem reponunt,
id. 4, 2, 39:
membra (mortui) toro,
Verg. A. 6, 220:
membra stratis,
id. ib. 4, 392.—
C.
To lay aside or away for preservation; to lay up, store up, keep, preserve, reserve (class.; cf.: regero, reservo).
1.
Lit.: nec tempestive demetendi [p. 1571] percipiendique fructūs neque condendi ac reponendi ulla pecudum scientia est, Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 156:
cibum,
Quint. 2, 4, 29:
formicae farris acervum tecto reponunt,
Verg. A. 4, 403:
Caecubum ad festas dapes,
Hor. Epod. 9, 1:
mella in vetustatem,
Col. 12, 11, 1; 12, 44, 7:
alimenta in hiemem,
Quint. 2, 16, 16:
(caseum) hiemi,
Verg. G. 3, 403:
omnia quae multo ante memor provisa repones,
id. ib. 1, 167:
thesaurum,
Quint. 2, 7, 4:
scripta in aliquod tempus,
id. 10, 4, 2.— Poet.:
eadem (gratia) sequitur tellure repostos, i. e. conditos,
buried, Verg. A. 6, 655; cf.:
an poteris siccis mea fata reponere ocellis? (= me mortuum),
Prop. 1, 17, 11:
tu pias laetis animas reponis Sedibus,
Hor. C. 1, 10, 17:
repono infelix lacrimas, et tristia carmina servo,
Stat. S. 5, 5, 47.—
2.
Trop.:
opus est studio praecedente et acquisitā facultate et quasi repositā,
Quint. 8, prooem. §
29: aliquid scriptis,
id. 11, 2, 9:
manet altā mente repostum Judicium Paridis,
Verg. A. 1, 26:
reponere odium,
Tac. Agr. 39 fin.:
sensibus haec imis... reponas,
Verg. E. 3, 54.—
D.
To put in the place of, to substitute one thing for another (class.).
1.
Lit.:
non puto te meas epistulas delere, ut reponas tuas,
Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 2:
Aristophanem pro Eupoli,
id. Att. 12, 6, 2; Quint. 11, 2, 49:
eorumque in vicem idonea reponenda,
Col. 4, 26, 2:
dira ne sedes vacet, monstrum repone majus,
Sen. Phoen. 122.—
2.
Trop.:
at vero praeclarum diem illis reposuisti, Verria ut agerent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 52.—
E.
To lay aside, to lay down, lay by, put away.
1.
Lit.:
remum,
Plaut. As. 3, 1, 16:
arma omnia,
Caes. B. C. 2, 14:
caestus artemque,
Verg. A. 5, 484:
feretro reposto,
id. ib. 11, 149:
onus,
Cat. 31, 8:
telasque calathosque infectaque pensa,
Ov. M. 4, 10; Sil. 7, 507:
rursus sumptas figuras,
Ov. M. 12, 557:
bracchia,
to let down, Val. Fl. 4, 279.— Poet.:
jam falcem arbusta reponunt,
i. e. permit to be laid aside, Verg. G. 2, 416.—
2.
Trop.:
brevem fugam,
to end the flight, Stat. Th. 6, 592:
iram,
Manil. 2, 649.—
II.
With the idea of the verb predominant, to lay, place, put, set a thing anywhere (freq. and class.; syn. colloco).
A.
Lit.:
grues in tergo praevolantium colla et capita reponunt,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:
colla in plumis,
Ov. M. 10, 269:
litteras in gremio,
Liv. 26, 15:
hunc celso in ostro,
Val. Fl. 3, 339:
ligna super foco Large reponens,
Hor. C. 1, 9, 6:
(nidum) ante fores sacras reponit,
Ov. M. 15, 407.— With in and acc.:
uvas in vasa nova,
Col. 12, 16:
data sunt legatis, quae in aerarium reposuerant,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 9:
anulos in locellum,
id. 7, 8, 9; cf.:
mergum altius in terram,
Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 205.—
B.
Trop., to place, put, set; to place, count, reckon among:
in vestrā mansuetudine atque humanitate causam totam repono,
Cic. Sull. 33, 92:
vos meam defensionem in aliquo artis loco reponetis,
id. de Or. 2, 48, 198:
suos hortatur, ut spem omnem in virtute reponant,
Caes. B. C. 2, 41:
in se omnem spem,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:
nihil spei in caritate civium,
Liv. 1, 49; 2, 39:
salutem ac libertatem in illorum armis dextrisque,
id. 27, 45:
verum honorem non in splendore titulorum, sed in judiciis hominum,
Plin. Pan. 84, 8; id. Ep. 1, 3, 3:
plus in duce quam in exercitu,
Tac. G. 30; Liv. 24, 37:
plus in deo quam in viribus reponentes,
Just. 24, 8, 2:
fiduciam in re reponere,
Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 16; 1, 8, 14:
ea facta, quae in obscuritate et silentio reponuntur,
id. ib. 1, 8, 6:
quos equidem in deorum immortalium coetu ac numero repono,
place, count, reckon among, Cic. Sest. 68, 143; so,
sidera in deorum numero,
id. N. D. 2, 21, 54; cf. id. ib. 3, 19, 47 Mos. N. cr.:
Catulum in clarissimorum hominum numero,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 210: aliquem in suis, Antonius ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A, 1.— With in and acc.:
homines morte deletos in deos,
Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 38:
in deorum numerum reponemus,
id. ib. 3, 19, 47:
Isocratem hunc in numerum non repono,
id. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:
aliquid in fabularum numerum,
id. Inv. 1, 26, 39; and:
hanc partem in numerum,
id. ib. 1, 51, 97:
in ejus sinum rem publicam,
Suet. Aug. 94.—Hence, rĕpŏsĭ-tus ( rĕpostus), a, um, P. a.
I.
Remote, distant (syn. remotus;
very rare): penitusque repostas Massylum gentes,
Verg. A. 6, 59:
terrae,
id. ib. 3, 364:
populi,
Sil. 3, 325:
convalles,
App. M. 4, p. 145, 6.—
II.
Laid aside, stored up:
spes,
Vulg. Col. 1, 5:
corona justitiae,
id. 2, Tim. 4, 8.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > repono
64 status

1.
stătus, a, um, v. sisto.
2.
stătus, ūs, m. [sto and sisto].
I.
In a corporeal sense.
A.
Mode or way of standing, of holding one's body (at rest), posture, position, attitude, station, carriage; sing. and plur.: Ps. Statur hic ad hunc modum. Si. Statum vide hominis, Callipho, quasi basilicum, look at the way he stands, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 41:
stat in statu senex ut adoriatur moechum,
in an attitude of attack, ready, id. Mil. 4, 9, 12: concrepuit digitis, laborat;
crebro conmutat status,
his posture, id. ib. 2, 2, 51:
qui esset status (videre vellem) flabellulum tenere te asinum tantum,
what your attitude was, what figure you cut, in holding the fan, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 50:
in gestu status (oratoris erit) erectus et celsus, rarus incessus,
attitude, Cic. Or. 18, 59:
status quidem rectus sit, sed diducti paulum pedes,
Quint. 11, 3, 159:
abesse plurimum a saltatore debet orator... non effingere status quosdam, et quidquid dicet ostendere,
id. 11, 3, 89:
ut recta sint bracchia, ne indoctae rusticaeve manus, ne status indecorus,
id. 1, 11, 16:
stare solitus Socrates dicitur... immobilis, iisdem in vestigiis,
Gell. 2, 1, 2:
dumque silens astat, status est vultusque diserti,
Ov. P. 2, 5, 51:
statum proeliantis componit,
Petr. 95 fin. —
So of the pose of statues: non solum numerum signorum, sed etiam uniuscujusque magnitudinem, figuram, statum litteris definiri vides,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 57:
expedit saepe, ut in statuis atque picturis videmus, variari habitus, vultus, status,
Quint. 2, 13, 8:
ut illo statu Chabrias sibi statuam fieri voluerit. Ex quo factum est ut postea athletae his statibus in statuis ponendis uterentur,
Nep. Chabr. 1, 3.—And of images in a dream:
ubi prima (imago somni) perit, alioque est altera nata inde statu, prior hic gestum mutasse videtur,
Lucr. 4, 772:
(opp. motus, incessus) quorum (iratorum) vultus, voces, motus statusque mutantur,
motions and postures, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 102:
decorum istud in corporis motu et statu cernitur,
id. ib. 1, 35, 126:
habitus oris et vultūs, status, motus,
id. Fin. 3, 17, 56; 5, 17, 47:
in quibus si peccetur... motu statuve deformi,
id. ib. 5, 12, 35:
eo erant vultu, oratione, omni reliquo motu et statu, ut, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 22, 53:
status, incessus, sessio, accubatio... teneat illud decorum,
id. Off. 1, 35, 129:
in pedibus observentur status et incessus,
the posture and gait, Quint. 11, 3, 124.—
B.
Of external appearance, manners, dress, and apparel:
quoniam formam hujus cepi in me et statum, decet et facta moresque hujus habere me similis item,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 111:
redegitque se ad pallium et crepidas, atque in tali statu biennio fere permansit,
Suet. Tib. 13.—
C.
Size, height, stature of living and inanimate beings (cf. statura;
post-Aug.): pumilionem, quos natura brevi statu peractos, etc.,
Stat. S. 1, 6, 58: longissimum... aratorem faciemus;
mediastenus qualiscunque status potest esse,
Col. 1, 9, 3:
in gallinaceis maribus status altior quaeritur,
id. 8, 2, 9; so id. 7, 9, 2; 7, 12 med.:
plantae majoris statūs,
Pall. Febr. 25, 20.—
D.
A position, place, in the phrase de statu movere, deicere, or statum conturbare, to displace, drive out, eject, expel, throw from a position (esp. of battle and combat):
equestrem procellam excitemus oportet, si turbare ac statu movere (hostes) volumus,
Liv. 30, 18, 14:
nihil statu motus, cum projecto prae se clipeo staret, in praesidio urbis moriturum se... respondit,
id. 38, 25: Manlius scutum scuto percussit atque statum Galli conturbavit (cf. the next sentence: atque de loco hominem iterum dejecit), Claud. Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 16.—So, out of the military sphere, in order to avoid an attack:
ea vis est... quae, periculo mortis injecto, formidine animum perterritum loco saepe et certo de statu demovet,
Cic. Caecin. 15, 42.— Transf., of mental position, conviction, argument, etc.:
saepe adversarios de statu omni dejecimus,
Cic. Or. 37, 129:
voluptas quo est major, eo magis mentem e suā sede et statu demovet,
throws the mind off its balance, id. Par. 1, 3, 15.—Similarly: de statu deducere, recedere, from one's position or principles:
fecerunt etiam ut me prope de vitae meae statu deducerent, ut ego istum accusarem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 10:
neque de statu nobis nostrae dignitatis est recedendum, neque sine nostris copiis in alterius praesidia veniendum,
id. Att. 1, 20, 2.—So, de statu suo declinare = moveri:
neque dubito quin, suspitione aliquā perculsi repentinā, de statu suo declinarint,
i. e. became unsettled, Cic. Clu. 38, 106:
qui cum me firmissimis opibus... munire possim, quamvis excipere fortunam malui quam... de meo statu declinare,
than abandon my position, id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41; cf.
of the position of heavenly bodies: qui eodem statu caeli et stellarum nati sunt,
aspect, id. Div. 2, 44, 92.
II.
Trop., condition, state, position, situation, circumstances.
A.
Of persons, condition in regard to public rights, political or civil status, any loss of which was a capitis deminutio (v. caput):
capitis minutio est statūs permutatio,
Gai. Dig. 4, 5, 1; id. Inst. 1, 159; cf. Dig. 4, 5, 11:
quo quisque loco nostrum est natus... hunc vitae statum usque ad senectutem obtinere debet,
Cic. Balb. 7, 18:
ad quem proscripti confluebant. Quippe nullum habentibus statum quilibet dux erat idoneus,
with regard to the civil death of the proscribed, Vell. 2, 72, 5:
illorum salus omnibus accepta fuit... quia tam grati exoptatum libertatis statum recuperaverint,
Val. Max. 5, 26:
si statu periclitari litigator videtur,
if his civil status seems in peril, Quint. 6, 1, 36:
nec ulla tam familiaris est infelicibus patria quam solitudo et prioris statūs oblivio,
i. e. the status of full citizenship, lost by banishment, Curt. 5, 5, 11:
permanent tamen in statu servitutis,
Suet. Gram. 21:
vetuit quaeri de cujusquam defunctorum statu,
id. Tit. 8 fin.:
multorum excisi status,
Tac. A. 3, 28: qui illegitime concipiuntur, statum sumunt ex eo tempore quo nascuntur, i. e. whether freemen or slaves, etc., Gai. Inst. 1, 89:
cum servus manumittitur: eo die enim incipit statum habere,
a civil status, Dig. 4, 5, 4:
homo liber qui se vendidit, manumissus non ad suum statum revertitur, sed efficitur libertinae condicionis, i. e. that of an ingenuus,
ib. 1, 5, 21:
primo de personarum statu dicemus,
civil status, ib. 1, 5, 2; so Titin. 5:
de statu hominum (sometimes status used in the jurists absolutely with reference to freedom and slavery): si status controversiam cui faciat procurator, sive ex servitute in libertatem, etc.,
Dig. 3, 3, 39, § 5; so ib. 3, 3, 33, § 1.—Similarly in the later jurists: status suus = aetas XXV. annorum, years of discretion:
cum ad statum suum frater pervenisset,
Dig. 31, 1, 77, § 19.—
2.
Condition and position with reference to rank, profession, trade, occupation, social standing, reputation, and character:
an tibi vis inter istas vorsarier prosedas... quae tibi olant stabulum statumque?
their trade, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 59:
quod in civitatibus agnationibus familiarum distinguuntur status,
the ranks of the families, Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 23:
regum status decemviris donabantur,
the rank of kings was assigned to the decemvirs, id. Agr. 1, 1, 2:
cum alii rem ipsam publicam atque hunc bonorum statum odissent,
the social position of the higher classes, id. Sest. 20, 46:
non ut aliquid ex pristino statu nostro retineamus,
id. Fam. 4, 4, 1:
ecquis umquam tam ex amplo statu concidit?
id. Att. 3, 10, 2:
non enim jam quam dignitatem, quos honores, quem vitae statum amiserim cogito,
id. ib. 10, 4, 1:
quam (statuam) esse ejusdem status amictus, anulus, imago ipsa declarat,
id. ib. 1, 1, 17:
praesidium petebamus ex potentissimi viri benevolentiā ad omnem statum nostrae dignitatis,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 1: noster autem status est hic:
apud bonos iidem sumus quos reliquisti, apud sordem, etc.,
id. Att. 1, 16, 11:
ego me non putem tueri meum statum ut neque offendam animum cujusquam, nec frangam dignitatem meam?
maintain my character, id. Fam. 9, 16, 6:
quos fortuna in amplissimo statu (i. e. regum) collocarat,
Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:
tantam in eodem homine varietatem status,
high and low position in life, ups and downs, Val. Max. 6, 9, 4:
cum classiarios quos Nero ex remigibus justos milites fecerat, redire ad pristinum statum cogeret,
Suet. Galb. 12:
quaedam circa omnium ordinum statum correxit,
id. Claud. 22:
cum redieritis in Graeciam, praestabo ne quis statum suum vestro credat esse meliorem,
social position, Curt. 5, 5, 22:
omnis Aristippum decuit color et status et res,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 23.—
3.
Condition in reference to prosperity, happiness or unhappiness, and health (mostly poet. and post-Aug.):
at iste non dolendi status non vocatur voluptas,
Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 28:
neque hic est Nunc status Aurorae meritos ut poscat honores,
Ov. M. 13, 594:
flebilis ut noster status est, ita flebile carmen,
id. Tr. 5, 1, 5:
quid enim status hic a funere differt?
id. P. 2, 3, 3:
pejor ab admonitu fit status iste boni,
id. ib. 1, 2, 54:
his enim quorum felicior in domo status fuerat,
Val. Max. 6, 8, 7:
sin nostros status sive proximorum ingenia contemplemur,
id. 6, 9 pr.:
caelum contemplare: vix tamen ibi talem statum (i. e. felicitatis deorum) reperias,
id. 7, 1, 1:
haec quidem (vox) animi magnifici et prosperi status (fuit),
id. 6, 5, ext. 4:
obliti statūs ejus quem beneficio exuistis meo,
Curt. 10, 2, 22:
sumus in hoc tuo statu iidem qui florente te fuimus,
i. e. distress, id. 5, 11, 5:
res magna et ex beatissimo animi statu profecta,
Sen. Ep. 81, 21: voverat, si sibi incolumis status (of health) permisisset, proditurum se... hydraulam, Suet. Ner. 54. —
4.
Condition, circumstances, in gen., of life or of the mind:
homines hoc uno plurimum a bestiis differunt quod rationem habent, mentemque quae... omnem complectatur vitae consequentis statum,
Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45:
facias me certiorem et simul de toto statu tuo consiliisque omnibus,
id. Fam. 7, 10, 3:
tibi declaravi adventus noster qualis fuisset, et quis esset status,
id. Att. 4, 2, 1:
quid enim ego laboravi, si... nihil consecutus sum ut in eo statu essem quem neque fortunae temeritas, neque, etc., labefactaret,
id. Par. 2, 17:
sed hoc videant ii qui nulla sibi subsidia ad omnes vitae status paraverunt,
id. Fam. 9, 6, 4: atque is quidem qui cuncta composuit constanter in suo manebat statu (transl. of emeinen en tôi heautou kata tropon êthei, Plat. Tim. p. 42, c. Steph.), in his own state, being, Cic. Tim. 13:
vitae statum commutatum ferre non potuit,
Nep. Dion, 4, 4:
id suis rebus tali in statu saluti fore,
Curt. 5, 1, 5: haec sunt fulmina quae prima accepto patrimonio et in novi hominis aut urbis statu fiunt, in any new condition (when a stroke of lightning was considered an omen), Sen. Q. N. 2, 47.—Rarely of a state:
libere hercle hoc quidem. Sed vide statum (i. e. ebrietatis),
Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—Esp., in augury: fulmen status, a thunderbolt sent to one who is not expecting a sign, as a warning or suggestion, = fulmen monitorium:
status est, ubi quietis nec agitantibus quidquam nec cogitantibus fulmen intervenit,
Sen. Q. N. 2, 39, 2.—
B.
Of countries, communities, etc., the condition of society, or the state, the public order, public affairs.
1.
In gen.:
Siciliam ita vexavit ac perdidit ut ea restitui in antiquum statum nullo modo possit,
Cic. Verr. 1, 4, 12:
nunc in eo statu civitas est ut omnes idem de re publicā sensuri esse videantur,
id. Sest. 50, 106:
omnem condicionem imperii tui statumque provinciae mihi demonstravit Tratorius,
id. Fam. 12, 23, 1; so id. ib. 13, 68, 1:
mihi rei publicae statum per te notum esse voluisti,
id. ib. 3, 11, 4; so,
status ipse nostrae civitatis,
id. ib. 5, 16, 2:
non erat desperandum fore aliquem tolerabilem statum civitatis,
id. Phil. 13, 1, 2:
sane bonum rei publicae genus, sed tamen inclinatum et quasi pronum ad perniciosissimum statum,
id. Rep. 2, 26, 48:
aliquo, si non bono, at saltem certo statu civitatis,
id. Fam. 9, 8, 2:
ex hoc qui sit status totius rei publicae videre potes,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15: ex eodem de toto statu rerum communium [p. 1756] cognosces, id. Fam. 1, 8, 1:
tamen illa, quae requiris, suum statum tenent, nec melius, si tu adesses, tenerent,
id. ib. 6, 1, 1:
non illi nos de unius municipis fortunis arbitrantur, sed de totius municipii statu, dignitate, etc., sententias esse laturos,
id. Clu. 69, 196:
ego vitam omnium civium, statum orbis terrae... redemi,
id. Sull. 11, 33:
Ti. Gracchum mediocriter labefactantem statum rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 3:
eo tum statu res erat ut longe principes haberentur Aedui,
Caes. B. G. 6, 12, 9:
cum hoc in statu res esset,
Liv. 26, 5, 1; so id. 32, 11, 1:
eam regiam servitutem (civitatis) collatam cum praesenti statu praeclaram libertatem visam,
id. 41, 6, 9:
statum quoque civitatis ea victoria firmavit ut jam inde res inter se contrahere auderent,
i. e. commercial prosperity, id. 27, 51:
ut deliberare de statu rerum suarum posset,
id. 44, 31:
ut taedio praesentium consules duo et status pristinus rerum in desiderium veniant,
id. 3, 37, 3:
jam Latio is status erat rerum ut neque bellum neque pacem pati possent,
id. 8, 13, 2:
qui se moverit ad sollicitandum statum civitatis,
internal peace, id. 3, 20, 8:
omni praesenti statu spem cuique novandi res suas blandiorem esse,
more attractive than any condition of public affairs, id. 35, 17:
tranquillitatis status,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 1:
in sollicito civitatis statu,
Quint. 6, 1, 16:
principes regesque et quocumque alio nomine sunt tutores status publici,
guardians of public order, Sen. Clem. 1, 4, 3: curis omnium ad formandum publicum statum a tam sollemni munere aversis, Curt, 10, 10, 9; so,
ad formandum rerum praesentium statum,
Just. 9, 5, 1:
populo jam praesenti statu laeto,
Suet. Caes. 50:
ad componendum Orientis statum,
id. Calig. 1:
deploravit temporum statum,
id. Galb. 10:
ad explorandum statum Galliarum,
id. Caes. 24:
delegatus pacandae Germaniae status,
id. Tib. 16: et omnia habet rerum status iste mearum ( poet., = reipublicae meae), Ov. M. 7, 509.—
2.
Esp., of the political sentiments of the citizens:
a Maronitis certiora de statu civitatium scituros,
Liv. 39, 27:
ad visendum statum regionis ejus,
id. 42, 17, 1:
suas quoque in eodem statu mansuras res esse,
id. 42, 29, 9:
cum hic status in Boeotiā esset,
id. 42, 56, 8.—
3.
Of the constitution, institutions, form of government, etc.:
Scipionem rogemus ut explicet quem existimet esse optimum statum civitatis,
Cic. Rep. 1, 20, 33; 1, 21, 34; 1, 46, 70;
1, 47, 71: ob hanc causam praestare nostrae civitatis statum ceteris civitatibus,
id. ib. 2, 1, 2:
itaque cum patres rerum potirentur, numquam constitisse statum civitatis,
the form of the government had never been permanent, id. ib. 1, 32, 49:
in hoc statu rei publicae (decemvirali), quem dixi non posse esse diuturnum,
id. ib. 2, 37, 62:
providete ne rei publicae status commutetur,
id. Har. Resp. 27, 60:
eademque oritur etiam ex illo saepe optimatium praeclaro statu,
aristocratic form of government, id. Rep. 1, 44, 68:
ut totum statum civitatis in hoc uno judicio positam esse putetis,
id. Fl. 1, 3:
ut rei publicae statum convulsuri viderentur,
id. Pis. 2, 4:
pro meā salute, pro vestrā auctoritate, pro statu civitatis nullum vitae discrimen vitandum umquam putavit,
id. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:
cum hoc coire ausus es, ut consularem dignitatem, ut rei publicae statum... addiceres?
id. ib. 7, 16:
omnia quae sunt in imperio et in statu civitatis ab iis defendi putantur,
id. Mur. 11, 24:
intelleges (te habere) nihil quod aut hoc aut aliquo rei publicae statu timeas,
id. Fam. 6, 2, 3:
quod ad statum Macedoniae pertinebat,
Liv. 45, 32, 2:
ex commutatione statūs publici,
Vell. 2, 35, 4:
haec oblivio concussum et labentem civitatis statum in pristinum habitum revocavit,
Val. Max. 4, 1, ext. 4:
Gracchi civitatis statum conati erant convellere,
id. 6, 3, 1 fin.:
Cicero ita legibus Sullae cohaerere statum civitatis affirmat ut his solutis stare ipsa non possit,
Quint. 11, 1, 85:
qui eloquentiā turbaverant civitatium status vel everterant,
id. 2, 16, 4:
id biduum quod de mutando reipublicae statu haesitatum erat,
Suet. Claud. 11:
nec dissimulasse unquam pristinum se reipublicae statum restituturum,
id. ib. 1:
conversus hieme ad ordinandum reipublicae statum, fastos correxit, etc.,
id. Caes. 40:
tu civitatem quis deceat status Curas,
what institutions, Hor. C. 3, 29, 25.—Hence,
4.
Existence of the republic:
quae lex ad imperium, ad majestatem, ad statum patriae, ad salutem omnium pertinet,
Cic. Cael. 29, 70 (= eo, ut stet patria, the country's existence):
si enim status erit aliquis civitatis, quicunque erit,
id. Fam. 4, 14, 4: status enim rei publicae maxime judicatis rebus continetur, the existence of the republic depends on the decisions of the courts, i. e. their sacredness, id. Sull. 22, 63. —
C.
In nature, state, condition, etc.:
incolumitatis ac salutis omnium causā videmus hunc statum esse hujus totius mundi atque naturae,
Cic. Or. 3, 45, 178:
ex alio alius status (i. e. mundi) excipere omnia debet,
Lucr. 5, 829:
ex alio terram status excipit alter,
id. 5, 835:
est etiam quoque pacatus status aëris ille,
id. 3, 292:
non expectato solis ortu, ex quo statum caeli notare gubernatores possent,
Liv. 37, 12, 11:
idem (mare) alio caeli statu recipit in se fretum,
Curt. 6, 4, 19:
incertus status caeli,
Col. 11, 2:
pluvius caeli status,
id. 2, 10:
mitior caeli status,
Sen. Oedip. 1054.—
D.
The characteristic, mark, character, essential feature of a thing.
1.
In gen.:
atque hoc loquor de tribus his generibus rerum publicarum non perturbatis atque permixtis, sed suum statum tenentibus,
preserving their essential features, Cic. Rep. 1, 28, 44.—Hence,
2.
Esp. in rhet. jurisp.
(α).
The answer to the action (acc. to Cic., because the defence: primum insistit in eo = the Gr. stasis):
refutatio accusationis appellatur Latine status, in quo primum insistit quasi ad repugnandum congressa defensio,
Cic. Top. 25, 93; so,
statu (sic enim appellamus controversiarum genera),
id. Tusc. 3, 33, 79:
statum quidam dixerunt primam causarum conflictionem,
Quint. 3, 6, 4; cf. Cic. Part. Or. 29, 102.—
(β).
The main question, the essential point:
quod nos statum id quidam constitutionem vocant, alii quaestionem, alii quod ex quaestione appareat, Theodorus caput, ad quod referantur omnia,
Quint. 3, 6, 2:
non est status prima conflictio, sed quod ex primā conflictione nascitur, id est genus quaestionis,
the kind, nature of the question, id. 3, 6, 5; cf. the whole chapter.—
E.
In gram., the mood of the verb, instead of modus, because it distinguishes the conceptions of the speaker:
et tempora et status,
tenses and moods, Quint. 9, 3, 11:
fiunt soloecismi per modos, sive cui status eos dici placet,
id. 1, 5, 41.
► For statu liber, v.
statuliber.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > status
65 sum

1.
sum, fui, esse (2d pers. es, but usu. es in Plaut and Ter; old forms, indic. pres. esum for sum, acc. to Varr. L. L. 9, § 100 Mull.: essis for es, Att. ap. Non. 200, 30, or Trag. Rel. p. 283 Rib.: simus for sumus, used by Augustus, acc. to Suet. Aug. 87; fut. escit for erit, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 25:
esit, XII. Tab. ap. Fest. s. v. nec, p. 162 Mull.: escunt for erunt,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60, 3, 3, 9; Lucr. 1, 619; perf. fuvimus for fuimus, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 168:
FVVEIT, C. I. L. 1, 1051: fuit,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 23; id. Mil. 3, 1, 159:
fuerim,
id. ib. 4, 8, 54:
fuerit,
id. As. 4, 1, 37; subj. pres. siem, sies, siet, etc., very freq., esp. in Plaut.; e. g. siem, Am. prol. 57; Ter. And. 3, 4, 7:
sies,
Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 43; Ter. And. 2, 5, 13:
siet,
Plaut. Am. prol. 58; Ter. And. 1, 4, 7; Lucr. 3, 101:
sient,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 54; Ter. And. 2, 3, 16; cf. Cic. Or. 47, 157; also,
fuam, fuas, etc., regarded by G. Curtius, de Aorist. Lat. Rel. in Studien zur Gr. u. Lat. Gram. 1, 431 sqq., as an aorist: fuam,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 48; id. Mil. 2, 6, 112: fuas, Liv. Andron. ap. Non 111, 13; Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 71; 2, 3, 83; id. Pers. 1, 1, 52; id. Trin. 2, 1, 32: fuat, Pac. ap. Non. 111, 8; Carm. ap. Liv. 25, 12; Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 2; id. Aul. 2, 2, 56; id. Capt. 2, 2, 10 et saep.; Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 4; Lucr. 4, 639; Verg. A. 10, 108:
fuant,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 110; id. Ep. 5, 1, 13; id. Ps. 4, 3, 12: fuvisset, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4; part. pres. ens, used by Caesar, acc. to Prisc. p. 1140 P.; and by Sergius Flavius, acc. to Quint. 8, 3, 33; fut. inf. fore for futurum esse, very freq., and so always with partt.; cf. Madv. Gram. § 108; whence, subj. imperf. forem fores, etc., for essem; esp. in conditional sentences and in the histt., but very rare in Cic.; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 597 sqq.), v. n. [root es; Sanscr. as-mi, and the Greek es-mi, whence eimi; perf. fui; root in Sanscr. bhu, to become; bhavas, condition; Gr. phuô, to beget; cf.: fetus, futuo, etc.], to be, as a verb substantive or a copula.
I.
As a verb substantive, to be.
A.
In gen.
1.
Asserting existence, to be, exist, live:
definitionum duo sunt genera prima: unum earum rerum quae sunt: alterum earum quae intelleguntur. Esse ea dico, quae cerni tangive possunt, ut fundum, aedes, parietem, cetera. Non esse rursus ea dico, quae tangi demonstrarive non possunt, cerni tamen animo atque intellegi possunt, ut si usucapionem, si tutelam, etc.... definias,
Cic. Top. 5, 26 sq.:
si abest, nullus est,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 16:
nunc illut est, quom me fuisse quam esse nimio mavelim,
id. Capt. 3, 3, 1:
ita paene nulla sibi fuit Phronesium ( = paene mortuus est),
id. Truc. 1, 2, 95:
omne quod eloquimur sic, ut id aut esse dicamus aut non esse,
Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 157:
non statim, quod esse manifestum est, etiam quid sit apparet,
Quint. 3, 6, 81: est locus, Hesperiam quam mortales perhibebant, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 23 Vahl.):
flumen est Arar, quod, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 12:
homo nequissimus omnium qui sunt, qui fuerunt, qui futuri sunt!
Cic. Fam. 11, 21, 1; cf. id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15, § 43:
si quos inter societas aut est aut fuit aut futura est,
id. Lael. 22, 83:
nec enim, dum ero, angar ulla re, cum omni vacem culpa: et, si non ero, sensu omnino carebo,
id. Fam. 6, 3, 4:
si modo futuri sumus, erit mihi res opportuna,
id. Att. 11, 4, 1:
si quando erit civitas, erit profecto nobis locus: sin autem non erit, etc.,
id. Fam. 2, 16, 6:
nolite arbitrari, me cum a vobis discessero, nusquam aut nullum fore,
id. Sen. 22, 79:
si erit ulla res publica... sin autem nulla erit,
id. Fam. 2, 16, 5:
fuimus Troes, fuit Ilium,
Verg. A. 2, 325:
sive erimus seu nos fata fuisse volunt,
Tib. 3, 5, 32: per quinquennia decem fuimus, Prud. Cath. praef. 2.—
2.
Of events, to be, happen, occur, befall, take place:
illa (solis defectio) quae fuit regnante Romulo,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:
neque enim est periculum, ne, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 23, 37:
amabo, quid tibi est?
Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 24:
quid se futurum esset,
Liv. 33, 27. —
3.
Of location, to be present, to be at a place.
(α).
With adv., or other expressions of place:
cum non liceret quemquam Romae esse, qui, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 41, § 100:
cum Athenis decem ipsos dies fuissem,
id. Fam. 2, 8, 3; id. de Or. 2, 7, 27:
cum Africanus constituisset in hortis esse,
id. Rep. 1, 9, 14:
cum essemus in castris,
id. ib. 1, 15:
nonne mavis sine periculo tuae domi esse quam cum periculo alienae?
id. Fam. 4, 7, 4:
vos istic commodissime sperem esse,
id. ib. 14, 7, 2: te hic tutissime puto fore, Pompon. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 11, A.—
(β).
Of passages in a book or writing, with in and abl., to be, stand, be written, etc.:
deinceps in lege est, ut, etc.,
Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
quid enim in illis (litteris) fuit praeter querelam temporum,
id. Fam. 2, 16, 1.—
(γ).
Of personal relations, with ad or apud and acc., or cum and abl. of person:
cum esset (Sulpicius Gallus) casu apud M. Marcellum,
Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 21:
eram cum Stoico Diodoto: qui cum habitavisset apud me mecumque vixisset, etc.,
id. Brut. 90, 309:
erat nemo, quicum essem libentius quam tecum et pauci, quibuscum essem aeque libenter,
id. Fam. 5, 21, 1:
qui me admodum diligunt multumque mecum sunt,
id. ib. 4, 13, 6; cf. with simul:
Smyrnae cum simul essemus complures dies,
id. Rep. 1, 8, 13.—Hence, esp.: esse cum aliquo (aliqua), to be with, i. e. live with, associate with, as husband or wife:
cujus soror est cum P. Quintio,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77:
ea nocte mecum illa hospitis jussu fuit,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 101; Ov. A. A. 3, 664:
cum hac (meretrice) si qui adulescens forte fuerit,
Cic. Cael. 20, 49; Ov. Am. 2, 8, 27: tum ad me fuerunt, qui, etc., Varr. ap. Non. 133, 28:
Curio fuit ad me sane diu,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 8:
cum ad me bene mane Dionysius fuit,
id. ib. 10, 16, 1; cf.:
esse sub uno tecto atque ad eosdem Penates,
Liv. 28, 18.—
4.
Of relations analogous to place, of dress, condition, position, office, etc., to be, live, be found, etc., with in and abl.:
cum est in sagis civitas,
Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 32:
in laxa toga,
Tib. 2, 3, 78: sive erit in Tyriis, Tyrios laudabis amictus;
Sive erit in Cois, Coa decere puta,
Ov. A. A. 2, 297: hominem non modo in aere alieno nullo, sed in suis nummis multis esse et semper fuisse, Cic. Verr [p. 1798] 2, 4, 6, §
11: in servitute,
id. Clu. 7, 21:
in illa opinione populari,
id. ib. 51, 142:
in magno nomine et gloria,
id. Div. 1, 17, 31:
in spe,
id. Fam. 14, 3, 2:
in tanta moestitia,
id. Phil. 2, 15, 37:
in odio,
id. Att. 2, 22, 1:
in probris, in laudibus,
id. Off. 1, 18, 61:
in officio,
id. ib. 1, 15, 49:
in injustitia,
id. ib. 1, 14, 42:
in vitio,
id. ib. 1, 19, 62; id. Tusc. 3, 9, 19:
ne in mora quom opus sit, sies,
Ter. And. 2, 5, 13:
ne in mora illi sis,
id. ib. 3, 1, 9:
hic in noxia'st,
id. Phorm. 2, 1, 36:
quae (civitas) una in amore atque in deliciis fuit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 3:
in ingenti periculo,
Liv. 5, 47:
in pace,
id. 31, 29.—So with abl. without in, when qualified by an adj.:
(statua) est et fuit tota Graecia summo propter ingenium honore et nomine,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:
si quis asperitate ea est et inmanitate naturae,
id. Lael. 23, 87:
ne quo periculo proprio existimares esse,
id. Fam. 4, 15, 2 (B. and K. ex conj.:
in periculo): ego sum spe bona,
id. ib. 12, 28, 3:
res nunc difficili loco mihi videtur esse,
id. ib. 12, 28, 3:
incredibili sum sollicitudine de tua valetudine,
id. ib. 16, 15, 1; esp. in phrase periculo alicujus esse, to be at the risk of any one:
rem illam suo periculo esse,
id. Att. 6, 1, 6:
ut quae in naves inposuissent, ab hostium tempestatisque vi publico periculo essent,
Liv. 23, 49, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:
dare nummos meo periculo,
Dig. 46, 1, 24:
communi periculo,
ib. 13, 6, 21, § 1 (cf. II. B. 1. b. infra).—
5.
To depend upon, rest with, with in and abl.:
res erat non in opinione dubia,
Cic. Dom. 5, 11:
sed totum est in eo, si, etc.,
id. Att. 2, 22, 5:
omnem reliquam spem in impetu esse equitum,
Liv. 10, 14, 12:
quoniam totum in eo sit, ne contrectentur pocula,
Col. 12, 4, 3. —
B.
In partic.
1.
Esse (est, sunt, etc.) often stands without a subject expressed, or with an indef. subj., as antecedent of a rel.-clause, whose verb may be in the indic. or subj.; the former only when the subject is conceived as particular or limited, and actually existing; the latter always when it is conceived as indefinite; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 562 sq.; Roby, Gram. § 1686 sq.; Madv. Gram. § 365; but the distinctions usually drawn by grammarians are not always observed by the best writers; and the subjunctive is always admissible, being the prevailing construction after sunt qui in class. prose, and nearly universal in postAug. writers: sunt, qui (quae), there are those ( people or things) who ( that), or simply some.
a.
With indic.
(α).
Without subject expressed:
mulier mane: sunt Qui volunt te conventam,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 37:
sunt hic quos credo inter se dicere,
id. Cas. prol. 67:
sunt quae te volumus percontari,
id. Ps. 1, 5, 47:
quid est, quod tu gestas tabellas?
id. ib. 1, 1, 10:
quid est, quod tu me nunc optuere?
id. Most. 1, 1, 69; cf.:
quid hoc est, quod foris concrepuit?
id. ib. 5, 1, 15:
tun' is es, Qui in me aerumnam obsevisti?
id. Ep. 4, 1, 34:
quid est, quod tuo animo aegre est?
id. Cas. 2, 2, 9; id. Cist. 4, 1, 3:
at ego est quod volo loqui,
id. As. 1, 3, 79:
est quod te volo secreto,
id. Bacch. 5, 2, 30:
sunt quos scio amicos esse, sunt quos suspicor,
id. Trin. 1, 2, 54:
ita subitum'st, quod eum conventum volo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 51:
sunt quae ego ex te scitari volo,
id. Capt. 2, 2, 13:
sed est quod suscenset tibi,
Ter. And. 2, 6, 17:
est quod me transire oportet,
id. Hec. 2, 2, 31:
quid sit quapropter te jussi, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1, 7:
sunt item quae appellantur alces,
Caes. B. G. 6, 27 init.:
(nationes) ex quibus sunt qui ovis vivere existimantur,
id. ib. 4, 10 fin.:
sunt qui putant posse te non decedere,
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 25:
sunt autem, qui putant non numquam complexione oportere supersederi,
id. Inv. 1, 40, 72:
quamquam sunt, qui propter utilitatem modo petendas putant amicitias,
id. ib. 2, 55, 167:
sunt autem quae praeterii,
id. Att. 10, 4, 11:
sunt, qui abducunt a malis ad bona, ut Epicurus. Sunt, qui satis putant ostendere, nihil inopinati accidisse... Sunt etiam qui haec omnia genera consolandi colligunt,
id. Tusc. 3, 31, 76 Kuhn. N. cr.:
sunt, qui, quod sentiunt, non audent dicere,
id. Off. 1, 24, 84:
Argiletum sunt qui scripserunt ab Argola, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 157 Mull.:
sunt qui ita dicunt,
Sall. C. 19, 4:
sunt qui spiritum non recipiunt sed resorbent,
Quint. 11, 3, 55:
sunt, quos curriculo pulverem Olympicum Collegisse juvat,
Hor. C. 1, 1, 3; cf. id. S. 1, 4, 24: sunt quibus unum opus est, etc., id. C. 1, 7, 5:
sunt quibus in satira videor nimis acer,
id. S. 2, 1, 1:
sunt quorum ingenium nova tantum crustula promit,
id. ib. 2, 4, 47.—
(β).
With a subject expressed by an indefinite word or clause:
sunt alii qui te volturium vocant,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 64:
est genus hominum qui se primos omnium esse volunt,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17:
multae sunt causae, quam ob rem cupio abducere,
id. ib. 1, 2, 65 Fleck. (Ussing, cupiam):
erat quidam eunuchus, quem mercatus fuerat,
id. ib. 3, 5, 21:
multaeque res sunt in quibus de suis commodis viri boni multa detrahunt,
Cic. Lael. 16, 57:
sunt ejus aliquot orationes, ex quibus lenitas ejus perspici potest,
id. Brut. 48, 177:
fuerunt alia genera philosophorum, qui se omnes Socraticos esse dicebant,
id. de Or. 3, 17, 62:
nonnulli sunt, qui aluerunt, etc.,
id. Cat. 1, 12, 301:
sunt quidam, qui molestas amicitias faciunt, cum ipsi se contemni putant,
id. Lael. 20, 72:
sunt vestrum, judices, aliquam multi, qui L. Pisonem cognoverunt,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 56:
multae et pecudes et stirpes sunt, quae sine procuratione hominum salvae esse non possunt,
id. N. D. 2, 52, 130:
sunt bestiae quaedam, in quibus inest aliquid simile virtutis, etc.,
id. Fin. 5, 14, 38:
permulta sunt, quae dici possunt, quare intellegatur, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33, 94; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 7, 22; id. Off. 1, 14, 43; 1, 20, 69; id. Div. 1, 54, 123:
fuere complures, qui ad Catilinam initio profecti sunt,
Sall. C. 39, 5: haec sunt, quae clamores et admirationes in bonis oratoribus efficiunt. Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 152:
alia fuere, quae illos magnos fecere,
Sall. C. 52, 21.—
b.
With. subj.: sunt, qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem;
sunt qui nullum censeant fieri discessum,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:
sunt qui in rebus contrariis parum sibi constent,
id. Off. 1, 21, 71:
de impudentia singulari sunt qui mirentur,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 2, § 6:
est eisdem de rebus quod dici potest subtilius,
id. Tusc. 3, 15, 32:
praesto est qui neget rem ullam percipi esse sensibus,
id. Ac. 2, 32, 101:
quicquid est quod deceat, id, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 27, 94:
sunt qui nolint tetigisse nisi illas, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 28:
sunt qui Crustis et pomis viduas venentur avaras,
id. Ep. 1, 1, 78:
vestes Gaetulo murice tinctas Sunt qui non habeant, est qui non curet habere,
id. ib. 2, 2, 182 et saep.—
(β).
With a more or less indefinite expression of the subject:
sunt quidam e nostris, qui haec subtilius velint tradere et negent satis esse, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 31:
rarum est quoddam genus eorum, qui se a corpore avocent,
id. Div. 1, 49, 111:
quotus igitur est quisque qui somniis pareat?
id. ib. 2, 60, 125; id. de Or. 2, 50, 196:
solus est hic, qui numquam rationes ad aerarium referat,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 38, § 98:
quae quibusdam admirabilia videntur, permulti sunt, qui pro nihilo putent,
id. Lael. 23, 86:
erat nemo in quem ea suspicio conveniret,
id. Rosc. Am. 23, 65, cf.:
quis enim miles fuit, qui Brundisii illam non viderit? quis, qui nescierit, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 25, 61:
sit aliquis, qui nihil mali habeat,
id. Tusc. 1, 35, 85:
sunt nonnullae disciplinae, quae officium omne pervertant,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5:
est quaedam animi sanitas quae in insipientem quoque cadat,
id. Tusc. 4, 13, 30:
Syracusis lex est de religione, quae jubeat,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 126:
unus est qui curet constantia magis quam consilio,
id. Att. 1, 18, 7:
si est una ex omnibus quae sese moveat,
id. Rep. 6, 26, 28:
multi sunt, qui non acerbum judicent vivere, sed supervacuum,
Sen. Ep. 24, 26:
erant sententiae quae castra Vari oppugnanda censerent,
Caes. B. C. 2, 30:
fuere cives qui seque remque publicam obstinatis animis perditum irent,
Sall. C. 36, 4:
sunt verba et voces, quibus hunc lenire dolorem Possis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 34:
sunt delicta tamen, quibus ignovisse velimus,
id. A. P. 347.—
* c.
Poet.: est, quibus (acc. to the Gr. estin hois):
est quibus Eleae concurrit palma quadrigae: est quibus in celeres gloria nata pedes,
Prop. 3, 9 (4, 8), 17.—
2.
With dat., to belong or pertain to; or, rendering the dative as the subject of the verb, to have ( possess, = the Fr. etre a used of property, and of permanent conditions or characteristics, not of temporary states, feelings, etc.; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 417 sq.): aliquid reperiret, fingeret fallacias, Unde esset adulescenti, amicae quod daret, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 23:
nomen Mercurio'st mihi, Plaut Am. prol. 19: nisi jam tum esset honos elo quentiae,
Cic. Brut. 10, 40:
est igitur homini cum deo similitudo,
id. Leg. 1, 8, 25:
familiaritas, quae mihi cum eo est,
id. Att. 8. 3, 2:
privatus illis census erat brevis,
Hor. C. 2, 15, 13; cf.:
Trojae et huic loco nomen est,
Liv. 1, 1, 5:
Hecyra est huic nomen fabulae,
Ter. Hec. prol. 1:
cui saltationi Titius nomen esset,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:
cui (fonti) nomen Arethusa est,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 118:
Scipio, cui post Africano fuit cognomen,
Liv. 25, 2, 6.—With ellips. of dat. ( poet.):
nec rubor est emisse palam (sc. ei),
nor is she ashamed, Ov. A. A. 3, 167:
neque testimonii dictio est (sc. servo),
has no right to be a witness, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 63.—
b.
Esse alicui cum aliquo, to have to do with, to be connected with a person:
tecum nihil rei nobis, Demipho, est,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 74:
sibi cum illa mima posthac nihil futurum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 31, 77:
jussit bona proscribi ejus, quicum familiaritas fuerat, societas erat,
id. Quint. 6, 25:
si mihi tecum minus esset, quam est cum tuis omnibus,
id. Fam. 15, 10, 2.—
3.
Esse with certain prepp. and their cases (cf. also I. A. 2. 3. 4. supra).
(α).
Esse ab aliquo, to be of a person, to be the servant, disciple, adherent, partisan, etc., of:
es ne tu an non es ab illo milite e Macedonia?
do you belong to? Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 21:
ab Andria est ancilla haec,
Ter. And. 3, 1, 3; 4, 4, 17:
erat enim ab isto Aristotele,
Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 160:
sed vide ne hoc, Scaevola, totum sit a me,
makes for me, id. de Or 1, 13, 55 (cf. ab, I. B. 3., II. B. 2. o.). —
(β).
Esse pro aliquo, to be in favor of, make for:
(judicia) partim nihil contra Habitum valere, partim etiam pro hoc esse,
Cic. Clu. 32, 88.—
(γ).
Esse ex aliqua re, to consist of, be made up of:
(creticus) qui est ex longa et brevi et longa,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183; cf.:
duo extremi chorei sunt, id est, e singulis longis et brevibus,
id. Or. 63, 212:
etsi temeritas ex tribus brevibus et longa est,
id. ib. 63, 214; 64, 215 (v. also 6. infra). —
4.
Euphem., in perf. tempp., of one who has died or a thing that has perished, to be no more, to be gone, departed, dead ( poet.):
horresco misera, mentio quoties fit partionis: Ita paene tibi fuit Phronesium,
i. e. had almost died, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 92:
nunc illud est, cum me fuisse quam esse nimio mavelim,
id. Capt. 3, 3, 1:
sive erimus, seu nos fata fuisse velint,
Tib. 3, 5, 32:
fuimus Troes, fuit Ilium et ingens Gloria Teucrorum,
Verg. A. 2, 325:
certus in hospitibus non est amor: errat ut ipsi, Cumque nihil speres firmius esse, fuit,
Ov. H. 16, (17), 192.—
5.
Pregn., to be real or a fact, to be the case; so esp.: est, esto, it is even so, be it so, such is or let such be the case, granted, well, etc.:
quid tibi vis dicam, nisi quod est?
Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 17:
sunt ista, Laeli,
Cic. Lael. 2, 6:
ista esse credere,
id. Tusc. 1, 6, 10: est vero, inquit, Africane, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 1, 18:
est ut dicis, inquam,
id. Fin. 3, 5, 19:
sit quidem ut sex milia seminum intereant,
Col. 3, 3, 13:
esto: ipse nihil est, nihil potest,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 47; cf.:
verum esto,
id. Fin. 2, 23, 75:
esto,
Verg. A. 7, 313; 10, 67; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 81; 1, 17, 37 al.—Hence,
b.
The connections est ut, ubi, cum, quod, or with a subject-clause, it happens or chances that, it is the case that, there is cause or reason why, there is a time when, it is allowed or permissible that, one may, etc.
(α).
Est ut, it is the case or fact, that, etc.:
sin est, ut velis Manere illam apud te, dos hic maneat,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 32:
si est, ut dicat velle se, Redde,
id. Hec. 4, 1, 43:
si est, culpam ut Antipho in se admiserit,
id. Phorm. 2, 1, 40:
est, ut id maxime deceat,
Cic. Or. 59, 199:
quando fuit, ut, quod licet, non liceret?
id. Cael. 20, 48:
non est igitur, ut mirandum sit, ea praesentiri, etc.,
id. Div 1, 56, 128:
non erat, ut fieri posset, mirarier umquam,
Lucr. 5, 979:
futurum esse ut omnes pellerentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:
non est, ut copia major Ab Jove donari possit tibi,
Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 2:
est ut viro vir latius ordinet Arbusta sulcis,
id. C. 3, 1, 9; Dig. 38, 7, 2.—Cf. esse after a neg., with quin:
numquam est enim, quin aliquid memoriae tradere velimus,
Auct. Her. 3, 24, 40.—Also, est ut, there is reason, that, etc.:
magis est ut ipse moleste ferat errasse se, quam ut, etc.,
Cic. Cael. 6, 14 fin.: ille erat ut odisset primum defensorem salutis meae, he had good reason for hating [p. 1799] id. Mil. 13, 35; cf.:
quid erat cur Milo optaret,
id. ib. 13, 34:
neque est ut putemus ignorari ea ab animalibus,
Plin. 18, 1, 1, § 3. —
(β).
Est ubi, sometime or another, sometimes:
erit, ubi te ulciscar, si vivo,
Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 26:
est, ubi id isto modo valeat,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 8, 23.—
(γ).
Est cum, sometimes:
est cum non est satius, si, etc.,
Auct. Her. 4, 26, 36.—
(δ).
Est quod, there is reason to, I have occasion:
est quod visam domum,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 26:
etsi magis est, quod gratuler tibi quam quod te rogem,
I have more reason to, Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:
est quod referam ad consilium: sin, etc.,
Liv. 30, 31, 9:
quod timeas non est,
Ov. H. 19, 159:
nil est illic quod moremur diutius,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 6:
non est quod multa loquamur,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 30.—Cf. with cur:
non est cur eorum spes infragatur,
Cic. Or. 2, 6:
nihil est cur,
id. Fam. 6, 20, 1.—
(ε).
Est, sit, etc., with infin. in Gr. constr., it is possible, is allowed, permitted, one may, etc. (mostly poet. and post-class.):
est quadam prodire tenus, si non datur ultra,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 32:
Cato, R. R. prooem. § 1: scire est liberum Ingenium atque animum,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 42:
nec non et Tityon terrae omniparentis alumnum Cernere erat,
Verg. A. 6, 596; 8, 676; Sil. 2, 413:
neque est te fallere quicquam,
Verg. G. 4, 447:
unde Plus haurire est,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 79:
est Gaudia prodentem vultum celare,
id. ib. 2, 5, 103:
quod versu dicere non est,
id. ib. 1, 5, 87:
quod tangere non est,
Ov. M. 3, 478:
quae verbo objecta, verbo negare sit,
Liv. 42, 41, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:
ut conjectare erat intentione vultus,
Tac. A. 16, 34:
est videre argentea vasa,
id. G. 5; Val. Max. 2, 6, 8; v. Zumpt, Gram. § 227.— With dat.:
ne tibi sit frigida saxa adire,
Prop. 1, 20, 13; Tib. 1, 6, 24 (32):
tu procul a patria (nec sit mihi credere tantum!) Alpinas nives Me sine vides,
Verg. E. 10, 46:
fuerit mihi eguisse aliquando amicitiae tuae,
Sall. J. 110, 3; Dig. 46, 3, 72, § 4.—
(ζ).
In eo ease ut, etc., to be in a condition to reach the point that, to be possible, etc., to be about to, on the point of, etc. ( impers. or with res, etc., as subj.):
cum jam in eo esset, ut in muros evaderet miles,
Liv. 2, 17, 5:
si viderent in eo jam esse ut urbs caperetur,
id. 28, 22, 8:
jamque in eo rem fore, ut Romani aut hostes aut domini habendi sint,
id. 8, 27, 3:
cum res non in eo essent ut, etc.,
id. 33, 41, 9:
non in eo esse Carthaginiensium res, ut, etc.,
id. 30, 19, 3; 34, 41. —With person. subj. (late Lat.):
cum ab Ulixe adducta Iphigenia in eo esset, ut immolaretur,
Hyg. Fab. 261. —
6.
Like the Engl. to be, for to come, fall, reach, to have arrived, etc. (hence also with in and acc.):
ecquid in mentem est tibi, Patrem tibi esse?
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 54:
nam numero mi in mentem fuit,
id. Am. 1, 1, 26:
ex eo tempore res esse in vadimonium coepit,
Cic. Quint. 5, 22:
portus in praedonum fuisse potestatem sciatis,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33:
ut certior fieret, quo die in Tusculanum essem futurus,
id. Att. 15, 4, 2:
qui neque in provinciam cum imperio fuerunt,
id. Fam. 8, 8, 8:
quae ne in potestatem quidem populi Romani esset,
Liv. 2, 14, 4:
nec prius militibus in conspectum fuisse,
Suet. Aug. 16:
esse in amicitiam populi Romani dicionemque,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 20, 66; cf.:
in eorum potestatem portum futurum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 38, § 98; v. Gell. 1, 7, 16 sq.; Zumpt, Gram. § 316.—
7.
Of time, to pass, elapse (rare but class.):
diem scito nullum esse, quo, etc.,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 1.
II.
As a copula, to be any thing or in any manner.
A.
In gen.
1.
With an adj., subst., or pron.:
et praeclara res est et sumus otiosi,
Cic. Lael. 5, 17:
quod in homine multo est evidentius,
id. ib. 8, 27:
sperare videor Scipionis et Laelii amicitiam notam posteritati fore,
id. ib. 4, 15:
non sum ita hebes, ut istud dicam,
id. Tusc. 1, 6, 12:
cum, ignorante rege, uter esset Orestes, Pylades Orestem se esse diceret, Orestes autem ita ut erat, Orestem se esse perseveraret,
id. Lael. 7, 24:
consul autem esse qui potui? etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 6, 10:
nos numerus sumus et fruges consumere nati,
are a mere number, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 27:
pars non minima triumphi est victimae praecedentes,
Liv. 45, 49:
nobile erit Romae pascua vestra forum,
Prop. 4 (5), 9, 20:
sanguis erant lacrimae,
Luc. 9, 811:
ego tu sum, tu es ego: unanimi sumus,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 49:
tuos sum,
id. Bacch. 1, 1, 60: domus non ea est, quam parietes nostri cingunt, Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 19:
is enim fueram, cui, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 4, 7.—
2.
Less freq. with adv. (esp. in colloq. language): Am. Satin' tu sanus es? Sos. Sic sum ut vides, Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 57:
sic, inquit, est,
Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:
est, inquit, ut dicis,
id. ib. 1, 40, 63:
quod ita cum sit,
id. ib. 1, 45, 69:
quia sunt haud procul ab hujus aetatis memoria,
id. ib. 1, 1, 1 B. and K.:
nec vero habere virtutem satis est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 2: frustra id inceptum Volscis fuit. Liv. 2, 25:
dato qui bene sit: ego, ubi bene sit, tibi locum lepidum dabo,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 51:
apud matrem recte est,
Cic. Att. 1, 7:
cum in convivio comiter et jucunde fuisses,
id. Deiot. 7, 19:
omnes hanc quaestionem haud remissius sperant futuram,
id. Rosc. Am. 5, 11:
dicta impune erant,
Tac. A. 1, 72.—Esp.: facile alicubi (in aliqua re) esse, with pleasure, glad to be:
quod in maritimis facillime sum,
Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 2:
locum habeo nullum ubi facilius esse possum,
id. Att. 13, 26, 2 (on esse with an adverb, v. Haase ap. Reisig, Vorles. p. 394; cf. also bene under bonus fin.).—
B.
In partic.
1.
With gen. part., to be of, belong to a class, party, etc.:
in republica ita est versatus, ut semper optimarum partium et esset et existimaretur,
Nep. Att. 6, 1:
qui ejusdem civitatis fuit,
id. Them. 9, 1:
qui Romanae partis erant, urbe excesserunt,
Liv. 35, 51, 7: ut aut amicorum aut inimicorum Campani simus;
si defenditis, vestri, si deseritis, Samnitium erimus,
id. 7, 30, 9 sq. —
2.
With gen. or abl. denoting quality.
(α).
With gen.:
nimium me timidum, nullius animi, nullius consilii fuisse confiteor,
Cic. Sest. 16, 36:
disputatio non mediocris contentionis est,
id. de Or. 1, 60, 257:
magni judicii, summae etiam facultatis esse debebit,
id. Or. 21, 70:
(virtus) nec tantarum virium est, ut se ipsa tueatur,
id. Tusc. 5, 1, 2; id. Fin. 5, 12, 36:
Sulla gentis patriciae nobilis fuit,
Sall. J. 95, 3:
summi ut sint laboris,
Caes. B. G. 4, 2:
civitas magnae auctoritatis,
id. ib. 5, 54:
refer, Cujus fortunae (sit),
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 54:
se nullius momenti apud exercitum futurum,
Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:
qui ejusdem aetatis fuit,
id. ib. 11, 1:
invicti ad laborem corporis erat,
Liv. 9, 16:
nec magni certaminis ea dimicatio fuit,
id. 21, 60:
somni brevissimi erat,
Suet. Claud. 33.—So of extent, number, etc.:
classis centum navium,
Nep. Them. 2, 2; 2, 5:
annus trecentarum sexaginta quinque dierum,
Suet. Caes. 40.—
(β).
With abl.:
bono animo es,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4:
jam aetate ea sum, ut, etc.,
id. Hec. 5, 1, 11:
bellum varia victoria fuit,
Sall. J. 5, 1:
L. Catilina nobili genere natus fuit magna vi et animi et corporis, set ingenio malo,
id. C. 5, 1:
Sulla animo ingenti,
id. J. 95, 3:
esse magna gratia,
Caes. B. G. 1, 8:
tenuissima valetudine esse,
id. ib. 5, 40:
si fuerit is injustus, timidus, hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:
mira sum alacritate ad litigandum,
id. Att. 2, 7, 2:
bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,
id. Fam. 6, 18, 1:
ut bono essent animo,
id. Rep. 1, 17, 29:
ut uxores eodem jure sint quo viri,
id. ib. 1, 43, 67:
qui capite et superciliis semper est rasis,
id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:
abi, quaere, unde domo quis, Cujus fortunae, quo sit patre quove patrono,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 54 (cf. I. A. 4. supra). —
3.
With gen. or abl. of price or value.
(α).
With gen.:
pluris est oculatus testis quam auriti decem,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 8:
videtur esse quantivis pretii,
Ter. And. 5, 2, 15:
a me argentum, quanti (servus) est, sumito,
id. Ad. 5, 9, 20:
si ullo in loco frumentum tanti fuit, quanti iste aestimavit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194:
ager nunc multo pluris est, quam tunc fuit,
id. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:
ut quisque, quod plurimi sit, possideat, ita, etc.,
id. Par. 6, 2, 48:
magni erunt mihi tuae litterae,
id. Fam. 15, 15, 4:
parvi sunt foris arma, nisi, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 22, 76:
an emat denario quod sit mille denarium,
id. ib. 3, 23, 92:
parvi pretii est quod nihili est,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4:
mea mihi conscientia pluris est quam omnium sermo,
is worth more to me, weighs more with me, id. Att. 12, 28, 2:
neque pluris pretii cocum quam vilicum habeo,
Sall. J. 85, 39:
erat (agellus) centum milium nummum,
Plin. Ep. 6, 3, 1. —
(β).
With abl.: sextante sal et Romae et per totam I i aliam erat, was worth, stood at, Liv. 29, 37.—
4.
With gen. of possession, etc., it belongs, pertains to; or it is the part, property, nature, mark, sign, custom, or duty of, etc.
(α).
In gen.:
audiant eos, quorum summa est auctoritas apud, etc.,
who possess, Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:
ea ut civitatis Rhodiorum essent,
Liv. 37, 55, 5:
teneamus eum cursum, qui semper fuit optimi cujusque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3:
quamobrem neque sapientis esse accipere habenas,
id. ib. 1, 5, 9; id. de Or. 2, 20, 86:
sapientis est consilium explicare suum, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 81, 333:
temeritas est florentis aetatis, prudentia senescentis,
id. Sen. 6, 20:
est adulescentis majores natu vereri,
id. Off. 1, 34, 122:
Aemilius, cujus tum fasces erant,
Liv. 8, 12, 13:
tota tribuniciae potestatis erat,
id. 3, 48:
alterius morientis prope totus exercitus fuit,
id. 22, 50:
jam me Pompeii totum esse scis,
Cic. Fam. 2, 13, 2:
hominum, non causarum, toti erant,
Liv. 3, 36:
plebs novarum, ut solet, rerum atque Hannibalis tota esse,
were devoted to, favored, id. 23, 14:
Dolopes numquam Aetolorum fuerant: Philippi erant,
id. 38, 3:
Ptolemaeus propter aetatem alieni arbitrii erat,
id. 42, 29:
est miserorum ut malevolentes sint,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 51:
quod alterum divinitatis mihi cujusdam videtur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86:
negavit moris esse Graecorum, ut, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66:
non est gravitatis ac sapientiae tuae, ferre immoderatius casum incommodorum tuorum,
id. Fam. 5, 16, 5:
est hoc Gallicae consuetudinis, uti, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 4, 5.—Rarely with pronom. posses.:
est tuum, Cato, videre quid agatur,
Cic. Mur. 38, 83:
fuit meum quidem jam pridem rem publicam lugere,
id. Att. 12, 28, 2.—
(β).
Esp., with gerundive, to denote tendency, effect, etc.:
quae res evertendae rei publicae solerent esse,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 132:
regium inperium, quod initio conservandae libertatis fuerat,
Sall. C. 6, 7:
qui utilia ferrent, quaeque aequandae libertatis essent,
Liv. 3, 31, 7:
ea prodendi imperii Romani, tradendae Hannibali victoriae esse,
id. 27, 9, 12:
nihil tam aequandae libertatis esse quam potentissimum quemque posse dicere causam,
id. 38, 51, 8:
frustrationem eam legis tollendae esse,
id. 3, 24, 1 Weissenb. ad loc.; 3, 39, 8; 5, 3, 5; 40, 29, 11.—
5.
With dat. of the end, object, purpose, etc.:
vitam hanc rusticam tu probro et crimini putas esse oportere,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 17, 48:
etiam quae esui potuique non sunt, contineri legato,
Dig. 33, 9, 3; Gell. 4, 1, 20:
ut divites conferrent, qui essent oneri ferendo,
Liv. 2, 9:
magis vis morbi curae esset, maxime quod, etc.,
id. 4, 21, 5:
cum solvendo aere (i. e. aeri) alieno res publica non esset,
id. 31, 13:
iniciuntur ea, quae umori extrahendo sunt,
Cels. 4, 10 fin. — Esp. in phrase solvendo esse, to be solvent, able to pay:
tu nec solvendo eras,
Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 4:
cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2 (v. solvo).—
6.
With predicative dat. sing., denoting that which the subject is, becomes, appears to be, etc.
(α).
Without second dat. of pers.:
auxilio is fuit,
Plaut. Am. prol. 94:
magis curae'st,
id. Bacch. 4, 10, 3; id. Curc. 4, 2, 15; id. As. 1, 3, 23; id. Capt. 5, 2, 13 sq.:
cui bono fuerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:
eo natus sum ut Jugurthae scelerum ostentui essem,
Sall. J. 24, 10: cupis me esse nequam;
tamen ero frugi bonae,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 51:
magnoque esse argumento, homines scire pleraque antequam nati sint, quod, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 21, 78:
multi Indicioque sui facti persaepe fuere, Lucr 4, 1019: ejus rei ipsa verba formulae testimonio sunt,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 4, 11:
haec res ad levandam annonam impedimento fuit,
Liv. 4, 13:
cujus rei Demosthenes atque Aeschines possunt esse documento,
Quint. 7, 1, 2.—
(β).
With second dat. of pers.:
obsecro vos ego mi auxilio sitis,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 9, 5; id. Ep. 5, 2, 11; id. Most. 1, 2, 68:
ne quid Captioni mihi sit,
id. ib. 3, 3, 19:
mihi cordi est,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 110:
ubi eris damno molestiae et dedecori saepe fueris,
id. As. 3, 2, 25:
metuo illaec mihi res ne malo magno fuat,
id. Mil. 2, 6, 12:
nec Salus nobis saluti jam esse potest,
id. Most. 2, 1, 4:
bono usui estis nulli,
id. Curc. 4, 2, 15:
quae sint nobis morbo mortique,
Lucr. 6, 1095:
quo magis quae agis curae sunt mihi,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 46:
omitto innumerabiles viros, quorum singuli saluti huic civitati fuerunt,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: ut mihi magnae curae tuam vitam ac dignitatem esse scires, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A fin.:
accusant ei, quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13: haec tam parva [p. 1800] civitas praedae tibi et quaestui fuit, id. Verr. 2, 3, 37, § 85:
ea dictitare, quae detrimento, maculae, invidiae, infamiae nobis omnibus esse possint,
id. ib. 2, 3, 62, §
144: minus ea bella curae patribus erant, quam, etc.,
Liv. 35, 23, 1:
sciant patribus aeque curae fuisse, ne, etc.,
id. 4, 7, 6:
si hoc perinde curae est tibi quam illud mihi,
Plin. Ep. 6, 8, 9:
quantaeque curae tibi fuit, ne quis, etc.,
id. Pan. 25, 3:
quantae sit mihi curae,
id. Ep. 6, 8, 2:
si judicibus ipsis aut gloriae damnatio rei aut deformitati futura absolutio,
Quint. 6, 1, 12.—Rarely with dat. gerund:
nec tamen impedimento id rebus gerundis fuit,
Liv. 26, 24 (for a full account of this dative, v. Roby, Gram. 2, praef. pp. xxv.-lvi., and § 1158 sq.).—
7.
Esse ad aliquid, to be of use for, to serve for:
vinum murteum est ad alvum crudam,
Cato, R. R. 125:
completae naves taeda et pice reliquisque rebus quae sunt ad incendia,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:
valvae, quae olim ad ornandum templum erant maxime,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 124.—
8.
Id est or hoc est, with predic.-clause by way of explanatory addition, that is, that is to say; sometimes also with a climax in the sense, which is as much as to say, or which is the same thing:
sed domum redeamus, id est ad nostros revertamur,
Cic. Brut. 46, 172:
quodsi in scena, id est in contione verum valet, etc.,
id. Lael. 26, 97:
meos amicos, in quibus est studium, in Graeciam mitto, id est ad Graecos ire jubeo,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 8:
si Epicurum, id est si Democritum probarem,
id. ib. 1, 2, 6:
ut (sapiens) aegritudine opprimatur, id est miseria,
id. Tusc. 3, 13, 27: a parte negotiali, hoc est pragmatikêi, Quint. 3, 7, 1:
cum in bona tua invasero, hoc est, cum te docuero,
id. 8, 3, 89.—
9.
Poet., with Greek inf. pleonastically:
esse dederat monumentum,
Verg. A. 5, 572 (cf.: dôke xeinêion einai, Hom. Il. 10, 269).
2.
sum = eum, Enn. ap. Fest., v. is.
3.
sum- in composition, for sub before m; v. sub fin.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sum
66 aequus

aequus adj. with comp. and sup. [2 IC-, AIC-], even, plain, level, flat: locus: aequiore loco constiterat, Cs.: campus, V. — Equal: ex provinciā aequam partem sumere: sequitur non passibus aequis, V.: Abietibus iuvenes aequi, as tall as, V. —Even with, on a level with: sive loquitur ex inferiore loco, sive ex aequo, i. e. on the floor of the Senate: pede congredi aequo, i. e. face to face, V. —Favorable, advantageous: locus ad dimicandum, Cs.: locus suis, N.: tempus.—Favorable, friendly, kind, humane: nobis: parvis alumnis, propitious, H.: templum non aequae Palladis, unpropitious, V.: aër non aequus, unwholesome, V.: non aequa fata, hard, O.: aequi iniquique, friends and foes, L.—Equal, proportionate, like: utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, i. e. that I had a fair return, T.: aequā manu discedere, after a drawn battle, S.: aequo Marte pugnare, indecisive, L.: aequum volnus utrique dedit, O. — Of persons, fair, equitable, impartial: praetor: aequissimus iudex.—Of things, equitable, reasonable, fair, honorable: postulatio: id, quod aequissimum est, ut, etc.: quae liberum scire aequum est adulescentem, T.: sicut aequum est, dicamus, etc.: ex aequo et bono iure rem iudicari oportere, equitably and kindly: fit reus magis ex aequo et bono, quam ex iure gentium, S.: durus est praeter aequomque et bonum, excessively, T.: id non fieri ex aequo et bono, in a spirit of moderation, T.: qui neque ius neque bonum atque aequom sciunt, have no sense of right or reason, T.: istuc aequi bonique facio, T.: si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris, if you propose anything reasonable, T.: animus meus totum istuc aequi boni facit, i. e. is content wich: ‘melius aequius,’ i. e. quid melius et aequius sit iudicatur.—Equable, calm, composed, tranquil: sorti pater aequus utrique est, V.: oculis aspicere aequis, V.: animus: Aequam Servare mentem, H.: aequo animo, with equanimity, patiently, calmly, with indifference: alqd ferre aequo animo: emori: servitutem tolerare, S.: alqd animo aequiore ferre: animo aequissimo nummos adfert: aequissimis animis: audite mentibus aequis, impartially, V.
* * *

aequa -um, aequior -or -us, aequissimus -a -um ADJ

level, even, equal, like; just, kind, impartial, fair; patient, contented

Latin-English dictionary > aequus
67 aliēnus

aliēnus [alius]. I. Adj. with comp. and sup, of another, belonging to another, not one's own, foreign, alien, strange: res: puer, the child of another, T.: mos, T.: menses, of other climes, V.: pecuniae: in alienis finibus decertare, Cs.: salus, of others, Cs.: alienis manibus, by the hands of others, L.: insolens in re alienā, in dealing with other men's property: mālis ridens alienis, i. e. a forced laugh, H.: mulier, another man's wife: alieni viri sermones, of another woman's husband, L.: vestigia viri alieni, one not my husband, L.: volnus, intended for another, V.: alienam personam ferre, to assume a false character, L.: cornua, i. e. those of a stag, O.: alieno Marte pugnare (equites), i. e. on foot, L.: aes alienum, another's money, i. e. debt: aes alienum alienis nominibus, debts contracted on the security of others, S.: recte facere alieno metu, fear of another, T.: crevit ex metu alieno audacia, another's fear, L.: sacerdotium genti haud alienum, foreign to, L. — Alien from, not related, not allied, not friendly, strange: ab nostrā familiā, T.: omnia alienissimis crediderunt, to utter strangers, Cs.: ne a litteris quidem alienus, not unversed in.—Strange, unsuitable, incongruous, inadequate, inconsistent, unseasonable, different from: dignitatis alicuius: neque aliena consili (domus), not inconvenient for consultation, S.: illi causae: alienum maiestate suā: aliena huius existimatione suspicio: domus magis his aliena malis, freer from, H.: alienum a vitā meā, T.: a dignitate: non alienum esse videtur, proponere, etc., Cs.: non alienum videtur,... docere, N. — Averse, hostile, unfriendly, unfavorable to: (Caesar) a me: voluntates, unfriendliness: mens, hostility, S.: alieno a te animo: a causā nobilitatis, opposed to: a Murenā nullā re alienus, in nc respect unfriendly: alienum suis rationibus, dangerous to his plans, S.: alieno esse animo in Caesarem, Cs.: alieno loco proelium committunt, unfavorable, Cs.: alienissimo sibi loco conflixit, N. —Of time, unfitting, inconvenient, unfavorable, unseasonable: ad iudicium corrumpendum tempus: ad committendum proelium alienum esse tempus, Cs.: alieno tempore defendisse: alienore aetate, at a less suitable age, T.—Of the mind, estranged, disordered: illis aliena mens erat, qui, etc., S.— II. Substt.:
* * *
I
aliena -um, alienior -or -us, alienissimus -a -um ADJ

foreign; unconnected; another's; contrary; unworthy; averse, hostile; mad
II
alieni N M

foreigner; outsider; stranger to the family; person/slave of another house

Latin-English dictionary > aliēnus
68 cēdō

cēdō cessī, cessus, ere [1 CAD-], to go from, give place, remove, withdraw, go away, depart, retire: cedam atque abibo: ex ingratā civitate: patriā: carinā, Ct.: per ora (hominum), i. e. to be seen, H.: Siciliā sibi omni cedi, to be evacuated, L.: cedere foro, to leave the exchange, i. e. be bankrupt, Iu.: alicui hortorum possessione, i. e. to cede, assign: ut possessionibus cederent: loco cedere, to retreat, N.: ex acie, abandon, L.: locum ex quo cesserant repetunt, L.: cedentes insequi, the retreating enemy, Cs.—Fig., to pass away, go from, drop out, vanish: vitā, die: e vitā: horae quidem cedunt et dies, elapse: memoriā, be forgotten, L.: fiducia cessit Quo tibi, diva, mei? V. —To come to, fall ( as a possession), to fall to the lot of, accrue: ut is quaestus huic cederet: quae captae urbi cessura forent, L.: regnorum cessit Pars Heleno, V.: undae cesserunt piscibus habitandae, O.: summa rerum in ducem cessit, Ta.: aurum in paucorum praedam cessisse, L.: quod cedit in altera iura, H.—To result, happen, turn out, fall out, work: gesta quae prospere ei cesserunt, were successful, N.: neque insidiae prospere cessere, S.: prout prima cessissent, in proportion to his success at the outset, Ta.: Quā Parcae sinebant Cedere res Latio, V.: neque si male cesserat, neque si bene, H.—With in and acc, to take the place of, supply the want of, be a substitute for: poena in vicem fidei cesserat, L.: victoribus fortuna in sapientiam cessit, Ta.: epulae pro stipendio cedunt, are taken in commutation, Ta. — To yield, give place: quasi locum dare et cedere: pete cedentem aëra disco, H.: in tutum, L.: cedere nescius, H.: pars cedere, alii insequi, S.: huc omnis aratri Cessit amor, i. e. to warlike zeal, V.— With dat, to yield to, retreat before, submit to, be overcome by: Viriatho exercitūs nostri imperatoresque cesserunt: hosti, N.: comites, quibus ensis et ignis Cesserunt, i. e. who were unharmed, O.: fortunae, S.: loco iniquo, non hosti cessum, L.: Tu ne cede malis, succumb, V.—To yield in rank, be inferior: nullā re cedens caelestibus: virtute nostris, Cs.: laudibus lanificae artis, O.: in re nullā Agesilao, N.: ut non multum Graecis cederetur, were not inferior.—To comply with, yield to, obey, conform to: auctoritati viri: cessit tibi blandienti Cerberus, H.: deae, O.: Cedo equidem, I comply, V.—To grant, concede, allow, give up, yield, permit: aliquid amicitiae: currum ei, L.: cessit patribus, ut in praesentiā tribuni crearentur, L.
* * *
I
V 3 1 PRES ACTIVE IMP 2 S TRANS

give/bring here!/hand over, come (now/here); tell/show us, out with it! behold!
II
cedere, cessi, cessus V

go/pass (from/away); withdraw/retire/leave; step aside/make way; take place of; grant, concede, yield, submit; fall back/to; happen/result; start (period)

Latin-English dictionary > cēdō
69 celeber

celeber (masc. celebris, Her., Ta., Cu.), bris, bre, adj. with sup. [1 CEL-], frequented, much visited, thronged, crowded, populous, abounding: forum: in celeberrimo urbis loco: nemo audierat tam celebri loco: celeberrimo virorum conventu: gratulatio, i. e. of a great multitude: mergis undae, O.: celeberrima fontibus Ide, O.—Honored, renowned, distinguished, celebrated, famous: dies omni caerimoniarum genere, L.: Daedalus ingenio artis, O.: quisque ingenio, Ta.: dies celeberrimi, most solemn: res totā Siciliā celeberrima: nomen ad posteros, L.: Diana, H.—Numerous, frequent: verba celeberrima, often repeated, O.
* * *

celebris -e, celebrior -or -us, celeberrimus -a -um ADJ

famous, celebrated, renowned; honored, distinguished; famed; notorious; oft repeated, frequent; busy, crowded, much used/frequented, populous; festive

Latin-English dictionary > celeber
70 contineō

contineō tinuī, tentus, ēre [com-+teneo], to hold together, bound, limit, comprise, enclose, surround, environ: ut trabes artē contineantur, Cs.: oppidum pons continebat, made a connection with, Cs.: hiberna milibus passuum C continebantur, were comprised within, Cs.: loci naturā continentur, are shut in, Cs.: artes inter se continentur, hang together: Zonarum trium contentus fine, O. —To keep together, keep in a body: uno in loco legiones, Cs.: navīs ibi, Cs.: exercitum, L.—To shut in, hem in, surround, hold: munitionibus contineri, Cs.: angustissime Pompeium, Cs.—To hold fast, keep, hold in place, retain: quod recepit: merces (opp. partiri): (naves) copulis continebantur, Cs.: parta a maioribus, Ta.—To keep, detain, shut in, hold, restrain, repress: manūs, keep hands off, T.: unde manum continuit? H.: sub pellibus milites, Cs.: nostros in castris, Cs.: ora frenis, Ph.: ventos carcere, O.: animam in dicendo: se domi, to stay: suo se loco, Cs.: agricolam si continet imber, keeps in doors, V.: suis intra munitionem, Cs.: alqm dextrā prehensum, V.: deprensum hostem, O.: gradum, to halt, V. — To comprise, contain, comprehend: in se vim caloris: genitalia corpora mundus, O.—Fig., to hold together, keep, retain: rem p.: Belgas in officio, Cs.: ceteros in armis, L.: eius hospitio contineri, N.—To hold back, detain, repress, check, curb, stay, stop, subdue: adpetitiones animi: insolentiam suam: Etruriam terrore, L.: animum a consuetā libidine, S.: hos flumina continebant, Cs.: manum iuventus Metu deorum, H.: se male, O.: vix me contineo, quin, etc., T.: non posse milites contineri, quin, etc., Cs.: vix contineor, refrain, T.: Quae vera audivi, keep to myself, T.: libros, keep back: odia tacitis nunc discordiis continentur, are confined within the limits of.—To comprehend, embrace, include, comprise: liber continet res gestas regum, N.: (comitia) rem militarem continent (i. e. in their jurisdiction), L.: fabula continet aestūs, H.: quo more caerimonia continetur, consists, Cs.: quae maxime rem continerent, the principal points, L.: forum, in quo aequitas continetur.
* * *

continere, continui, contentus V TRANS

secure, maintain, sustain; fasten/hold in position; retain, keep safe, preserve; hinder, contain/shut in/confine; stay; restrain/hold back; comprise/form basis; keep/hold/hang together/fast; surround, enclose, contain, limit; concentrate

Latin-English dictionary > contineō
71 dēiciō or dēiiciō

dēiciō or dēiiciō iēcī, iectus, ere [de + iacio], to throw down, hurl down, precipitate, prostrate, raze, fell, cut down, tear down, destroy: alqm de ponte in Tiberim: alqm de saxo (Tarpeio), L.: a cervicibus iugum: se de muro, leap, Cs.: saxi deiectae vertice caprae, V.: se per munitiones, leap over, Cs.: venti a montibus se deiciunt, L.: volnerato equo deiectus, Cs.: statuas veterum hominum: naves deiciendi operis missae, to destroy, Cs.: monumenta regis, H.: muros, L.: ut omnes Hermae deicerentur, N.: deiectā turri, Cs.: caput uno ictu, V.; libellos, to tear down: sortīs, to cast, Cs.: deiectis lacrimis, shed, Pr.—Poet., with dat: Gyan leto, V.—Prov.: de gradu deici (orig. of a gladiator), to be thrown off one's balance, i. e. lose one's head.—To drive out, dislodge, expel: nostri deiecti sunt loco, Cs.: praesidium ex saltu, Cs.: Gallorum agmen ex rupe Tarpeiā, L.: praesidium Claternā.— To drive out, turn out of possession, eject, dispossess: unde sis deiectus: ex eo loco.— Pass: deici, to be driven out of one's course: naves ad inferiorem partem insulae, Cs.: classis tempestate vexata ad Belearīs insulas deicitur, L. — To lay low, strike down, kill, slay, slaughter: paucis deiectis, Cs.: quem telo primum Deicis? V.: (viperam) Deice, crush, V.: super iuvencum stabat deiectum leo, Ph.— To lower, let fall, de press: in pectora mentum, O.—Fig., to cast down: oculos: voltum, V.: deiectus oculos, with downcast eyes, V.: Deiecto in humum voltu, O.— To remove, avert, divert, turn away, repel: hunc metum Siciliae damnatione istius: oculos a re p.: quantum mali de humanā condicione: vitia a se ratione: eum de sententiā.— To prevent from obtaining, deprive, rob of: de possessione imperi vos, L.: principatu, Cs.: eā spe, Cs.: deiecta coniuge tanto, V.: uxore deiectā (sc. coniugio), Ta.: hoc deiecto, after his fall, N.—In elections, to defeat, disappoint, prevent the choice of: me aedilitate: eiusdem pecuniā de honore deici: civis optimus praeturā deiectus: deiectis honore per coitionem, L.

Latin-English dictionary > dēiciō or dēiiciō
72 ex or (only before consonants) ē

ex or (only before consonants) ē praep. with abl, out of, from within (opp. in). I. In space, out of, from: signa ex urbe tollere: solem e mundo tollere: ex hoc fonticulo tantumdem sumere, H.: ex Aethiopiā Ancillula, T.: ex urbe sicarii: eius ex Africā reditus: ex Hispaniā quidam, Cs.: puer ex aulā, H.—From, down from, from off: ex speluncā saxum in crura eius incidisse: equestribus proeliis saepe ex equis desiliunt, from horseback, Cs.: cecidisse ex equo dicitur.—Up from, above, out of: collis paululum ex planitie editus, Cs.: globum terrae eminentem e mari.—In gen., from, down from, at, in, upon: ex cruce Italiam cernere: ex equo pugnare: ex loco superiore conspicatus, etc., Cs.: ex hoc loco verba fecisti: ex vinculis causam dicere, L.— Esp., in adverbial phrases: ex itinere, on the march, without halting, S.: ex fugā, during the flight, Cs.: portus ex adverso urbi positus, opposite, L.: erat e regione oppidi collis, over against, Cs.: ex omni parte perfectum, entirely: aliquā ex parte incommodis mederi, in some measure: impetūs ex maximā parte servorum: e vestigio, suddenly.— II. In time, of succession, from, immediately after, directly after, after, following: Cotta ex consulatu est profectus in Galliam: tanta vilitas annonae ex inopiā consecuta est: ex magnis rupibus nactus planitem, Cs.: Aliam rem ex aliā cogitare, T.: alia ex aliis iniquiora postulando, L.: diem ex die exspectabam, day after day.—Of duration, from... onward, from, since, beginning at: ex eā die ad hanc diem: ex eo die, quo, etc.: ex certo tempore, after a fixed date: ex aeterno tempore: Motum ex Metello consule (bellum), H.: octavus annus est, ex quo, etc., since, Ta.: Romae vereor ne ex Kal. Ian. magni tumultūs sint, after. —With the notion of escape or relief, from and after, from: se ex labore reficere, Cs.: ex illo metu mortis recreatus: animus ex miseriis requievit, S. — Esp., in phrases: ex tempore effutire, off hand, without reflection: ex meo tempore, for my convenience: in quibus (quaestionibus) ex tempore officium quaeritur, according to circumstances: ex intervallo consequi, after a while: ex tempore aliquo.— III. Fig., of the point of departure, away from, from, out of, of: amicitiam e vitā tollunt: e fundo eiectus, dispossessed of: agro ex hoste capto, L.: ex populo R. bona accipere, S. —Partitive uses, of a whole or class, of, out of, from among, among: alia ex hoc quaestu, i. e. trade, T.: non orator unus e multis, i. e. no common: acerrimus ex omnibus sensibus: ex primo hastato (ordine) legionis, one of the first division, Cs.: multum ex ripā colere, Ta.: altitudo puppium ex navibus, Cs. — Of the means, out of, by means of, with: ex incommodis Alterius sua ut conparent commoda, T.: ex caede vivunt: largiri ex alieno, L.; cf. ex iure hesterno panem vorent, dipped in, T.—Of the origin or source, from, out of, born of, arising from: bellorum causae ex rei p. contentione natae: ex pertinaciā oritur seditio: ex animo amicus, heartily.—Esp. with verbs of sense, intelligence, etc.: quā re negent, ex me non audies: ut ex amicis acceperam: ex quo intellegere posset: ut ex iis quaeratur: video ex litteris.—Of the material, of, out of: statua ex aere facta: (homo) qui ex animo constet et corpore: milites mixti ex conluvione gentium, L. — Of a condition or nature which is changed, from, out of: di ex hominibus facti: ex exsule consul: duas ex unā civitate discordia fecerat, L. — Of the cause, from, through, by, in consequence of, by reason of, on account of: gravida e Pamphilo, T.: infirmus ex morbo: e viā languere: ex gravitate loci volgari morbos, L.: ex illā ipsā re, for that very reason: e quo efficitur, non ut, etc.: ex hac clade atrox ira, L.: ex legato timor, Ta.—From, after, on account of: cui postea Africano cognomen ex virtute fuit, S.: nomen ex vitio positum, O.: urbem e suo nomine Romam iussit nominari. —Of measure or rule, according to, after, in conformity with, in pursuance of, by: ex aliarum ingeniis me iudicet, T.: dies ex praeceptis tuis actus: ex consuetudine suā, Cs.: e virtute vivere: ex senatūs sententiā: ex sententiā, satisfactorily, T.: illum ex artificio comico aestimabat.—Esp., in the phrases, ex re, according to the fact, to the advantage, to profit: oratio ex re et ex causā habita: Non ex re istius, for his good, T.: garrit Ex re fabellas, apt, H.: quid tam e re p. fuit? for the public benefit: ex usu, advantageous: ex usu quod est, id persequar, T.: rem ex usu Galliae accidisse, Cs.: e re natā, according to circumstances, T.—Of manner, mostly in adverb. phrases: res ex libidine magis quam ex vero celebrare, arbitrarily... justly, S.: dicam ex animo, outright: ex composito, by agreement, L.: ex facili, with ease, Ta.— IV. In compounds, ex stands before vowels and h, and before c, p (except epoto, epotus), q, s (except escendere, escensio), t; ef (sometimes ec) before f; ē before b, d, g, i consonant, l (except exlex), m, n, v. For exs-, ex- alone is often written (exanguis for exsanguis, etc.).

Latin-English dictionary > ex or (only before consonants) ē
73 maneō

maneō mānsī, mānsus, ēre [1 MAN-], to stay, remain, abide, tarry: mansum oportuit, T.: in loco, Cs.: ad urbem, L.: uno loco, N.: omnia excogitantur, quā re nec sine periculo maneatur, Cs.: fixus manebat, V.: hic maneri diutius non potest. — To stay, tarry, stop, abide, pass the night: apud me: in tabernaculo: sub Iove frigido, H.: extra domum patris, L.: Casilini eo die mansurus, L.: triduom hoc, T.— To remain, last, endure, continue, abide, persist: boni fidelesque mansere, S.: Manere adfinitatem hanc inter nos volo, T.: si in eo manerent, quod convenisset, abide by, Cs.: in vitā, remain alive: in sententiā, adhere to: in condicione, fulfil: in voluntate: Tu modo promissis maneas, abide by, V.: at tu dictis maneres! would thou hadst kept thy word, V.: te vocanti Duram difficilis mane, H.: maneat ergo, quod turpe sit, id numquam esse utile, be it a settled principle: mansura urbs, abiding, V.: quia nihil semper suo statu maneat: munitiones, Cs.: semper laudes (tuae) manebunt, V.: Laudo manentem (fortunam), H.: manent ingenia senibus: manere iis bellum, go on, L.— To stay for, await, expect: mansurus patruom pater est, T.: hostium adventum, L.: te domi, H.: aulaea, i. e. the end of the play, H.— To await, be about to befall, be destined to: Sed terrae graviora (pericla) manent, are in reserve, V.: cuius quidem tibi fatum manet: qui si manet exitus urbem, O.: quae (acerba) manent victos, L.: inmatura manebat Mors gnatum, V.
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manere, mansi, mansus V

remain, stay, abide; wait for; continue, endure, last; spend the night (sexual)

Latin-English dictionary > maneō
74 re-cēdō

re-cēdō cessī, cessus, ere, to go back, fall back, give ground, retire, withdraw, recede: ex eo quo stabant loco, Cs.: procul a telo veniente, O.: de medio: tristis recedo, H.: ab Iliturgi, L.: in castra Cornelia, Cs.—Poet, to go to rest, retire, O. —To recede, fall back, give way, give place, depart: Verba movere loco, quamvis invita recedant, yield, H.: anni, Multa recedentes adimunt, H.—To stand back, recede, be distant, be retired Provehimur portu, terraeque urbesque recedunt, V.: mea terra recedit, O.—To go away withdraw, retire, depart, part: Haec ecfatu' pater recessit, vanished, Enn. ap. C.: a stabulis recedunt (apes), V.: Caesa recesserunt a cute membra suā, O.—Fig., to withdraw, depart, retire, desist: senes ut in otia tuta recedant, H.: ab officio: ab armis, i. e. lay down: penitus a naturā: a vitā, i. e. kill oneself: quā ratione res ab usitatā consuetudine recederet, deviate: (nomen hostis) a peregrino recessit, has lost the meaning of ‘foreigner.’—To vanish, pass away, disappear: Ph<*>ebes ira recessit, O.: in ventos vita recessit, V.: cum res ab eo recessisset, was lost to him.

Latin-English dictionary > re-cēdō
75 religiō

religiō (not rell-; the first syl. lengthened in hexameter verse), ōnis, f [re-+2 LIG-], conscientiousness, sense of right, moral obligation, duty: nihil esse mihi, religiost dicere, i. e. I say on my conscience, T.: Heium a religione deducere: quid lex et religio cogat cogitare: quaeris aliquem praestantiorem virtute, religione?: iudiciorum religionem veritatemque perfringere: iudicum religiones oratione converti, the conscientious convictions.— A regard for sacred things, devoutness, piety, reverence, religious feeling: sese summā religione teneri: religio, quae deorum cultu pio continetur: sacra summā religione confici velle: omnia, quae sceleri propiora sunt quam religioni: religioni servire.— A religious scruple, scruple of conscience, apprehension of divine anger, fear of the gods, superstitious awe: ut eam, non religio contineret: nullā mendaci religione obstrictus, superstition, Cs.: tantā religione obstricta provincia: obstrinxisti religione populum R.: parvulae causae vel terroris repentini vel obiectae religionis, Cs.: rem habere religioni, i. e. as a divine warning: ne bellum indiceretur, religio obstitit, L.: plena religione civitas, L.: liberatae religione mentes, L.: rivos deducere nulla Religio vetuit, V.: nulla mihi Religio est, H.: movendi thensauros, L.: novas sibi ex loco religiones fingunt, Cs.: religionibus impediri, Cs.: plenis religionum animis prodigia insuper nuntiata, L.— A sense of religious obligation, religious sanction, duty to the gods: viri religione potius quam veritate fides constricta: iuris iurandi.— A religious obligation, oath, pledge of faith, religious sanction: timori magis quam religioni consulere, Cs.: Achaeos religione obstringere, L.: relinquitur nova religio, ut, etc., i. e. a new view of your obligation, Cs.: ius iurandum servabat conservatā religione, N.: religioni potius vestrae quam odio parere.— Divine service, worship of the gods, religious observance, religion, worship: religione, id est cultu deorum: illa pax mater huic urbi iuris et religionis fuit: deorum.— A religion, faith, religious system, mode of worship, cult: venit mihi religionis illius in mentem: neque enim haec externa vobis est religio: expertes religionum omnium: in bello religionum et consuetudinis iura retinere: pro religionibus suis bella suscipere: religiones interpretantur, religious matters, Cs.: publicae religiones, L.— Sacredness, sanctity, holiness, claim to reverence: fanum Iunonis tantā religione semper fuit, ut, etc.: in sacerdotibus tanta offusa oculis animoque religio, i. e. such sacred majesty of expression and feeling, L.: Iam tum religio pavidos terrebat agrestīs Dira loci, V. — An object of veneration, sacred place, consecrated thing, hallowed object: religionem restituere: tantis eorum religionibus violatis: ad deorum religionem demigrasse, i. e. shrines: quae religio aut quae machina belli (the Trojan horse), V.—Of places, a claim resulting from consecration, religious liability: aram si dedicasti, sine religione loco moveri potest: liberaret religione templum, L.: locus religionum deorumque plenus, L.
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religionis N F

supernatural constraint/taboo; obligation; sanction; worship; rite; sanctity; reverence/respect/awe/conscience/scruples; religion; order of monks/nuns (Bee)

Latin-English dictionary > religiō
76 succēdō

succēdō cessī, cessus, ere [sub+cedo], to go below, come under, enter: tectum, cui succederet: tectis nostris, V.: Rex iussae succedit aquae, O.: tumulo, i. e. to be buried, V.— To go from under, go up, mount, ascend: alto caelo, V.: in arduum, L.: hoc itinere est fons, quo mare succedit longius, Cs.: muros, L.— To follow, follow after, take the place of, relieve, succeed, receive by succession: ut integri defatigatis succederent, Cs.: integri fessis successerunt, L.: succedam ego vicarius tuo muneri: proelio, L.: non solum, quod tibi succederetur, sed, etc.: in stationem, Cs.: in paternas opes, L.: in Pompei locum heres: Aspicit in teretes lignum succedere suras, O.: ad alteram partem, come next, Cs.— To approach, draw near, march on, advance, march up: sub montem, Cs.: ad hostium latebras, L.: temere moenibus, L.: portas, Cs.: murum, L.: ubicumque iniquo successum erat loco, L.—Fig., to come under, submit to: omnes sententiae sub acumen stili succedant necesse est: Succedoque oneri, take up, V.— To follow, follow after, succeed: successit ipse magnis (oratoribus): horum aetati successit Isocrates: Tertia post illas successit aënea proles, O.: orationi, quae, etc., i. e. speak after: male gestis rebus alterius successum est, to another's bad administration, L.— To go on well, be successful, prosper, succeed: quando hoc bene successit, T.: quod res nulla successerat, Cs.: cum neque satis inceptum succederet, L.: voti Phoebus succedere partem Mente dedit, V.: Hac non successit; aliā adgrediemur viā, T.: si ex sententiā successerit: cui (fraudi) quoniam parum succedit, L.: successurumque Minervae Indoluit, O.: nolle successum non patribus, L.: ubicumque iniquo successum erat loco, had been victorious under disadvantages of position, L.
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succedere, successi, successus V

climb; advance; follow; succeed in

Latin-English dictionary > succēdō
77 suus

suus (suae, monosyl., T.; gen plur. suūm, T.), pron poss. 3d pers. [cf. sui, ἕοσ]. I. In gen. A. With reflex reference, of oneself, belonging to oneself, his own, her own, his, her, its, their.—Referring to a subst. expressed or understood, in any gender or case: Caesar copias suas divisit, his, Cs.: in suā sententiā perseverat, Cs.: anteposuit suam salutem meae: suos parentes reperire, T.: omne animal et se ipsum et omnīs partīs suas diligit, its: (legiones) si consulem suum reliquerunt, their: naves cum suis oneribus, with their several cargoes, L.: suae causae confidere: hunc sui cives e civitate eiecerunt, was exiled by his fellow-citizens: ipsum suo nomine diligere, for his own sake: suis flammis delete Fidenas, i. e. the flames kindled by the Fidenates, L.: (Siculis ereptae sunt) suae leges: Scipio suas res Syracusanis restituit, L.: inimicissimus suus: Clodius, suus atque illius familiaris, Cs.: diffidens rebus suis: Caesar, primum suo deinde omnium ex conspectu remotis equis, etc., Cs.: doloris sui de me declarandi potestas.—Rarely with a subj clause as antecedent: secutum suā sponte est, ut, etc., of course, L.—Without a grammatical antecedent, one's, one's own: si quidem est atrocius, patriae parentem quam suum occidere: in suā civitate vivere: levius est sua decreta tollere quam aliorum, L.—Referring to an antecedent determined by the context, and conceived as authority for the statement, or as entertaining the thought, his, her, its, their: (Clodius) Caesaris potentiam suam esse dicebat: hostes viderunt... suorum tormentorum usum spatio propinquitatis interire, Cs.: ne ea quae rei p. causā egerit (Pompeius) in suam (i. e. Caesaris) contumeliam vertat, Cs.: mulieres viros orantes, ne parricidio macularent partūs suos (i. e. mulierum), L.— B. Without reflex reference, his, her, its, their.—To avoid ambiguity: petunt rationes illius (Catilinae), ut orbetur auxilio res p., ut minuatur contra suum furorem imperatorum copia (for eius, which might be referred to res p.).—For emphasis, instead of eius, own, peculiar: mira erant in civitatibus ipsorum furta Graecorum quae magistratūs sui fecerant, their own magistrates.—Rarely for eius without emphasis (poet. or late): Cimon incidit in eandem invidiam quam pater suus, N.: Ipse sub Esquiliis, ubi erat sua regia Concidit, O. II. Esp. A. Plur m. as subst., of intimates or partisans, one's people, their own friends: Cupio abducere ut reddam suis, to her family, T.: mulier praecepit suis, omnia Caelio pollicerentur, her slaves: vellem hanc contemptionem pecuniae suis reliquisset, to his posterity: naviculam conscendit cum paucis suis, a few of his followers, Cs.: inprimis inter suos nobilis, his associates: subsidio suorum proelium restituere, comrades, L.: bestias ad opem suis ferendam avertas, their young, L.— Sing f., a sweetheart, mistress: illam suam suas res sibi habere iussit.—Sing. and plur n., one's own things, one's property: ad suum pervenire: sui nihil deperdere, Cs.: meum mihi placebat, illi suum, his own work: expendere quid quisque habeat sui, what peculiarities: tibi omnia sua tradere, all he had: se suaque transvehere, their baggage, L.: Aliena melius diiudicare Quam sua, their own business, T.— B. Predicative uses, under one's own control, self-possessed, composed: semper esse in disputando suus: Vix sua, vix sanae compos Mentis, O.—In gen., under one's control, his property, his own: causam dicere aurum quā re sit suum, T.: qui suam rem nullam habent, nothing of their own: ut (Caesar) magnam partem Italiae suam fecerit, has made subject, Cs.: exercitum senatūs populique R. esse, non suum: ne quis quem civitatis mutandae causā suum faceret, made any one his slave, L.: eduxit mater pro suā, as her own, T.: arbitrantur Suam Thaidem esse, devoted to them, T.: Vota suos habuere deos, had the gods on their side, O.— C. In phrases, suā sponte, of one's own accord, voluntarily, by oneself, spontaneously, without aid, unprompted: bellum suā sponte suscipere: omne honestum suā sponte expetendum, for its own sake ; see (spons).—Suus locus, one's own ground: restitit suo loco Romana acies, in its own lines, L.: aciem instruxit suis locis, Cs.— D. Praegn., characteristic, peculiar voluptatem suis se finibus tenere iubeamus, within the limits assigned to it.—Intrinsic, original. (Platoni) duo placet esse motūs, unum suum, alterum externum, etc.— Private: in suis rebus luxuriosus militibus agros ex suis possessionibus pollicetur, i. e. his private property, Cs.— Just, due, appropriate: imperatori exercituique honos suus redditus, due to them, L.: is mensibus suis dimisit legionem, i. e. in which each soldier's term ended, L.: suo iure, by his own right: lacrimae sua verba sequuntur, i. e. appropriate (to tears), O.— Own, peculiar, exclusive, special: mentio inlata est, rem suo proprio magistratu egere, i. e. a special officer, L.: ni suo proprio eum proelio equites exceptum tenuissent, i. e. in which they alone fought, L.: quae est ei (animo) natura? Propria, puto, et sua: equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare, i. e. both as cavalry and as infantry, L.: Miraturque (arbos) novas frondes et non sua poma (of engrafted fruit), V.— Own, devoted, friendly, dear: habere suos consules, after his own heart: conlegit ipse se contra suum Clodium, his dear Clodius.—Own, chosen by himself, favorable, advantageous: suo loco pugnam facere, S.: suis locis bellum in hiemem ducere, Cs.: numquam nostris locis laboravimus, L.: suam occasionem hosti dare, L.: aestuque suo Locros traiecit, a favorable tide, L.: Ventis ire non suis, H.— Proper, right, regular, normal: si suum numerum naves haberent, their regular complement: numerum non habet illa (ratis) suum, its full number, O.: cum suo iusto equitatu, L.: cessit e vitā suo magis quam suorum civium tempore, the right time for himself: sua tempora exspectare, L.— Own, independent: ut suae leges, sui magistratūs Capuae essent, L.: in suā potestate sunt, suo iure utuntur.— E. In particular connections, strengthened by ipse (agreeing with the antecedent): valet ipsum (ingenium eius) suis viribus, by its own strength: legio Martia non ipsa suis decretis hostem iudicavit Antonium? by its own resolutions: suāmet ipsae fraude omnes interierunt, L.: alios sua ipsos invidia interemit, L. —Distributively, with quisque, each... his own, severally... their own: suum quisque noscat ingenium, let every man understand his own mind: celeriter ad suos quisque ordines rediit, Cs.: ut omnes in suis quisque centuriis primā luce adessent, each in his own centuria, L.: sua cuiusque animantis natura est: ne suus cuique domi hostis esset, L.: trahit sua quemque voluptas, V.: in tribuendo suum cuique: clarissimorum suae cuiusque gentis virorum mors, L.: hospitibus quisque suis scribebant, L.—With quisque in the same case (by attraction): in sensibus sui cuiusque generis iudicium (i. e. suum cuiusque generis iudicium): equites suae cuique parti post principia conlocat (i. e. equites suos cuique parti), L.: pecunia, quae suo quoque anno penderetur (i. e. suo quaeque anno), each instalment in the year when due, L.—With uterque, distributively (of two subjects): suas uterque legiones reducit in castra, Cs.: cum sui utrosque adhortarentur, L.—Strengthened by sibi, own (colloq.): Suo sibi gladio hunc iugulo, his own sword, T.; cf. idem lege sibi suā curationem petet, for himself.—Strengthened by unius: ut sua unius in his gratia esset, that the credit of it should belong to him alone, L.: qui de suā unius sententiā omnia gerat, L.—With a pron, of his, of hers, of theirs: postulat ut ad hanc suam praedam adiutores vos profiteamini, to this booty of his: cum illo suo pari: nullo suo merito, from no fault of theirs, L.—With an adj. (suus usu. emphatic, preceding the adj.): suis amplissimis fortunis: simili ratione Pompeius in suis veteribus castris consedit, Cs.: propter summam suam humanitatem: in illo ardenti tribunatu suo.—For the gen obj. (rare): neque cuiquam mortalium iniuriae suae parvae videntur (i. e. sibi inlatae), S.: te a cognitione suā reppulerunt (i. e. a se cognoscendo).— Abl sing. fem., with refert or interest, for gen. of the pers. pron: neminem esse qui quo modo se habeat nihil suā censeat interesse; see intersum, rēfert.—Strengthened by the suffix - pte (affixed to suā or suo; never with ipse): ferri suopte pondere: locus suāpte naturā infestus, L. —Strengthened by the suffix - met (affixed to sua, sui, suo, suā, suos and suis; usu. followed by ipse): suomet ipsi more, S.: intra suamet ipsum moenia, L.: suosmet ipsi cives, L.
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I
sua, suum ADJ

his/one's (own), her (own), hers, its (own); (pl.) their (own), theirs
II
sui N M

his men (pl.), his friends

Latin-English dictionary > suus
78 ab

ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:
AF VOBEIS,
Inscr. Orell. 3114;
AF MVRO,
ib. 6601;
AF CAPVA,
ib. 3308;
AF SOLO,
ib. 589;
AF LYCO,
ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):
abs chorago,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):
abs quivis,
Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:
abs terra,
Cato, R. R. 51;
and in compounds: aps-cessero,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;
and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,
id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).
I.
In space, and,
II.
Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.
I.
Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):
Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7:
fuga ab urbe turpissima,
Cic. Att. 7, 21:
ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,
Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:
illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,
all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:
venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,
Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.
b.
Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:
oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:
quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,
Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:
ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:
protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,
id. ib. 1, 25, 2:
profecti a domo,
Liv. 40, 33, 2;
of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:
classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,
Liv. 8, 22, 6;
of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,
Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:
legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,
id. 24, 40, 2.
c.
Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):
Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:
libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,
Cic. Fl. 20, 47:
Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,
id. Att. 7, 24:
cum a vobis discessero,
id. Sen. 22:
multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,
Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:
so a fratre,
id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:
a Pontio,
Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:
ab ea,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.
B.
Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.
1.
Of separation:
ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,
Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:
abesse a domo paulisper maluit,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:
tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,
Sall. C. 40, 5:
absint lacerti ab stabulis,
Verg. G. 4, 14.—
2.
Of distance:
quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,
Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:
nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,
id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:
hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:
terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,
Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:
non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):
cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,
Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:
qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,
Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:
quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,
Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:
procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:
tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,
Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;
v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:
tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,
id. Pis. 11, 26; and:
tam prope ab domo detineri,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:
onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,
eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:
duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,
id. 37, 38, 5). —
3.
To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:
picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,
Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:
pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,
on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:
non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,
at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:
erat a septentrionibus collis,
on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).
II.
Fig.
A.
In time.
1.
From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:
Exul ab octava Marius bibit,
Juv. 1,40:
mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,
immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:
Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:
ab hac contione legati missi sunt,
immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:
ab eo magistratu,
after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:
a summa spe novissima exspectabat,
after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:
ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,
Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:
confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,
Liv. 30, 36, 1:
statim a funere,
Suet. Caes. 85;
and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,
id. ib. 60:
protinus ab adoptione,
Vell. 2, 104, 3:
Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,
soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—
Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,
i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:
secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,
i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.
2.
With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:
ab hora tertia bibebatur,
from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:
infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,
since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:
vixit ab omni aeternitate,
from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:
cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,
Nep. Att. 5, 3:
in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,
after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:
centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,
since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:
cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,
id. Sen. 6, 19; and:
ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,
since, Sall. C. 47, 2:
diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,
Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:
quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,
since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:
jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,
from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:
ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,
Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:
cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:
a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,
Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:
pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,
from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.
b.
Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:
qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,
from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:
mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,
a pueritia,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:
jam inde ab adulescentia,
Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:
ab adulescentia,
Cic. Rep. 2, 1:
jam a prima adulescentia,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:
ab ineunte adulescentia,
id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.
followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:
a primis temporibus aetatis,
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:
a teneris unguiculis,
from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:
usque a toga pura,
id. Att. 7, 8, 5:
jam inde ab incunabulis,
Liv. 4, 36, 5:
a prima lanugine,
Suet. Oth. 12:
viridi ab aevo,
Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;
rarely of animals: ab infantia,
Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:
qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,
a pausillo puero,
id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:
a puero,
Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:
a pueris,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:
ab adulescente,
id. Quint. 3, 12:
ab infante,
Col. 1, 8, 2:
a parva virgine,
Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:
a parvis,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:
a parvulo,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:
ab parvulis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:
ab tenero,
Col. 5, 6, 20;
and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,
Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.
B.
In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.
1.
In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):
suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:
qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:
hic ab artificio suo non recessit,
id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:
quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:
condicionem quam ab te peto,
id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:
mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:
si quid ab illo acceperis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:
quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:
ab defensione desistere,
Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:
ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,
id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:
ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,
Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):
qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,
the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:
tu nunc eris alter ab illo,
next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:
Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,
next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:
quid hoc ab illo differt,
from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:
hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,
id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:
discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,
id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):
quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7:
alieno a te animo fuit,
id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):
subdole ab re consulit,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:
haut est ab re aucupis,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:
non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,
Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).
2.
In partic.
a.
To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:
a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,
Cic. Lael. 1, 1:
ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,
id. ib. 1, 3:
disputata ab eo,
id. ib. 1, 4 al.:
illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,
id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:
ita generati a natura sumus,
id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:
pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,
Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:
niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:
quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,
is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:
salvebis a meo Cicerone,
i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:
a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,
i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:
ne vir ab hoste cadat,
Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):
levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,
Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:
a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,
id. Off. 2, 6, 19:
si calor est a sole,
id. N. D. 2, 52:
ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),
id. Att. 16, 7, 5:
metu poenae a Romanis,
Liv. 32, 23, 9:
bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,
id. 3, 22, 2:
ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,
id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:
lassus ab equo indomito,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:
Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,
Prop. 5, 1, 126:
tempus a nostris triste malis,
time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:
vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?
by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,
ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),
Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:
si postulatur a populo,
if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:
deseror conjuge,
Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;
and in prose,
Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:
ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,
Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:
(urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.
b.
With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:
pastores a Pergamide,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:
Turnus ab Aricia,
Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):
obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,
Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.
c.
In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:
(sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,
id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)
d.
With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:
da, puere, ab summo,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,
da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,
Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:
coepere a fame mala,
Liv. 4, 12, 7:
cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,
tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:
a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,
Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.
e.
With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:
a foliis et stercore purgato,
Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:
tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?
Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:
Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,
Liv. 21, 11, 5:
expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:
haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,
id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):
ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,
Sall. C. 32:
ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,
Liv. 21, 35, 12:
ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,
Cic. Sest. 64, 133.
f.
With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:
el metul a Chryside,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:
ab Hannibale metuens,
Liv. 23, 36; and:
metus a praetore,
id. 23, 15, 7;
v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,
Cic. Sull. 20, 59:
postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,
you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.
g.
With verbs of fastening and holding:
funiculus a puppi religatus,
Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:
cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,
Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.
h.
Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:
a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,
Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.
i.
Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):
id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 22.
j.
Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:
doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:
a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:
a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,
a frigore laborantibus,
Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:
laborare ab re frumentaria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.
k.
Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:
ab ingenio improbus,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:
a me pudica'st,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:
orba ab optimatibus contio,
Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):
locus copiosus a frumento,
Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:
sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,
id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:
ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,
id. Brut. 16, 63:
ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,
Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;
so often in poets ab arte=arte,
artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.
l.
In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:
linguam ab irrisu exserentem,
thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:
ab honore,
id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.
m.
Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:
ab illo injuria,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:
fulgor ab auro,
Lucr. 2, 5:
dulces a fontibus undae,
Verg. G. 2, 243.
n.
In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:
scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:
nonnuill ab novissimis,
id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).
o.
In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:
qui sunt ab ea disciplina,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:
ab eo qui sunt,
id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:
nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,
id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).
p.
To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;
in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,
one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,
a manu servus,
a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).
q.
The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:
a peregre,
Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:
a foris,
Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:
ab intus,
ib. ib. 7, 15:
ab invicem,
App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:
a longe,
Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:
a modo,
ib. ib. 23, 39;
Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,
Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:
a sursum,
ib. Marc. 15, 38.
► a.
Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:
Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,
Cic. Pis. 37, 91:
a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?
id. Sen. 6:
a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?
id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:
res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,
id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—
b.
Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—
c.
It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:
a vitae periculo,
Cic. Brut. 91, 313:
a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,
id. Arch. 6, 12:
a minus bono,
Sall. C. 2, 6:
a satis miti principio,
Liv. 1, 6, 4:
damnis dives ab ipsa suis,
Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—
d.
The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):
aque Chao,
Verg. G. 4, 347:
aque mero,
Ov. M. 3, 631:
aque viro,
id. H. 6, 156:
aque suis,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:
a meque,
Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:
abs teque,
id. Att. 3, 15, 4:
a teque,
id. ib. 8, 11, §
7: a primaque adulescentia,
id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —
e.
A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.
III.
In composition ab,
1.
Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—
2.
It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.)

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ab
79 ac

atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).
I.
In joining single words, which is its most common use.
A.
In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)
1.
The form atque.
a.
Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):
sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):
deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):
excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):
honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):
Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—
b.
Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):
Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,
Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):
in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):
superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):
vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):
dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:
virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):
labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):
hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):
multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):
adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):
magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):
se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):
provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):
parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):
gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—
2.
The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):
sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:
feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):
liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:
Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):
periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:
usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):
opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:
potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;
2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):
nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):
terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):
insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:
gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):
celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):
firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):
vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):
tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):
armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:
opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:
Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:
in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:
suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,
sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:
innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:
verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:
omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:
nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:
caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:
vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—
B.
Esp.
a.
In a hendiadys:
utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:
de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:
me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:
clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—
b.
In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).
(α).
Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:
Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:
rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:
magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:
hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:
ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:
fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:
intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—
(β).
With adeo, and that too, and even:
intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:
qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:
insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:
non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:
atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—
(γ).
With etiam:
id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:
ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—
(δ).
With the dem. pron. hic, is:
negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:
maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:
Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:
duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:
flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:
ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:
dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—
II.
In comparisons.
A.
Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:
si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:
Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:
pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:
neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:
parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:
magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:
pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:
In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:
equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:
cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:
Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:
et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:
similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:
contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:
faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:
cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—
B.
Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:
illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:
aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.
also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:
simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:
vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:
qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:
membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:
cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—
C.
Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;
once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;
v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:
nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:
quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:
et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:
si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:
Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:
tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:
reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:
quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:
haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —
D.
More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;
in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:
haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:
debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:
pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:
non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:
neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:
num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—
E.
Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):
nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:
quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:
quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—
F.
Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:
amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:
non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:
Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:
haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:
Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:
nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:
Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —
G.
In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:
principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:
judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:
quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—
III.
To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.
a.
Absol.:
Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:
si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:
perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:
quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:
si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:
nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:
si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:
si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:
velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:
si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—
b.
With potius:
Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):
quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:
concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —
IV.
In connecting clauses and beginning periods.
1.
In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:
atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:
cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:
multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:
Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:
ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—
2.
In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.
a.
Absol.:
maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —
b.
Often with etiam:
Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:
Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—
c.
Sometimes with quoque:
Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—
d.
And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—
3.
In narration:
aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:
completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —
4.
In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):
Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:
ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;
12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;
and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:
Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:
Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—
5.
In connecting two acts or events.
a.
In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;
ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:
Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:
dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:
lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:
dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:
tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:
cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:
abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:
tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:
Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:
Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—
b.
In the order of thought, and so, and thus, and therefore.
(α).
Absol.:
si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—
(β).
With ita or sic:
Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:
ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—
c.
Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):
non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—
6.
(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:
Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:
hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;
ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:
Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—
7.
In expressing a wish, atque utinam:
Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:
Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:
Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:
Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—
8.
To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.
a.
Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;
atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):
ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:
ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:
observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—
b.
With tamen:
nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:
discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:
Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):
ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;
14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—
9.
To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;
... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:
nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—
10.
In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).
a.
A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:
Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:
Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:
Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:
Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:
Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:
Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—
b.
A positive purpose:
Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:
Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:
Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—
11.
a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:
atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—
b.
In introducing parentheses:
vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:
omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —
c.
At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:
Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:
Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—
V.
In particular connections and phrases.
A.
Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:
unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:
quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:
unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:
dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:
alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:
aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—
B.
Etiam atque etiam. again and again:
temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:
etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:
monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:
iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—
C.
Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—
D.
Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:
atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:
Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—
E.
Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:
Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:
quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:
nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:
Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—
F.
With other conjunctions.
1.
After et:
equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:
Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:
vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:
denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:
ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:
et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:
Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —
2.
After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:
submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:
terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:
mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—
3.
Before et:
caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—
4.
After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):
nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:
mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—
G.
Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:
atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:
omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:
Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:
Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:
Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:
Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:
complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.

► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:
a.
In the second place:
Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:
Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):
Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—
b.
In the third place:
quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.)

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ac
80 adque

atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).
I.
In joining single words, which is its most common use.
A.
In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)
1.
The form atque.
a.
Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):
sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):
deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):
excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):
honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):
Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—
b.
Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):
Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,
Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):
in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):
superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):
vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):
dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:
virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):
labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):
hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):
multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):
adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):
magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):
se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):
provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):
parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):
gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—
2.
The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):
sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:
feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):
liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:
Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):
periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:
usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):
opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:
potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;
2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):
nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):
terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):
insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:
gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):
celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):
firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):
vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):
tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):
armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:
opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:
Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:
in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:
suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,
sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:
innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:
verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:
omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:
nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:
caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:
vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—
B.
Esp.
a.
In a hendiadys:
utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:
de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:
me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:
clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—
b.
In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).
(α).
Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:
Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:
rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:
magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:
hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:
ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:
fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:
intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—
(β).
With adeo, and that too, and even:
intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:
qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:
insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:
non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:
atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—
(γ).
With etiam:
id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:
ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—
(δ).
With the dem. pron. hic, is:
negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:
maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:
Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:
duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:
flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:
ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:
dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—
II.
In comparisons.
A.
Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:
si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:
Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:
pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:
neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:
parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:
magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:
pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:
In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:
equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:
cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:
Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:
et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:
similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:
contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:
faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:
cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—
B.
Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:
illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:
aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.
also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:
simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:
vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:
qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:
membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:
cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—
C.
Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;
once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;
v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:
nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:
quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:
et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:
si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:
Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:
tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:
reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:
quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:
haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —
D.
More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;
in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:
haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:
debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:
pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:
non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:
neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:
num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—
E.
Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):
nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:
quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:
quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—
F.
Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:
amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:
non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:
Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:
haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:
Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:
nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:
Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —
G.
In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:
principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:
judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:
quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—
III.
To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.
a.
Absol.:
Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:
si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:
perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:
quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:
si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:
nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:
si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:
si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:
velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:
si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—
b.
With potius:
Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):
quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:
concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —
IV.
In connecting clauses and beginning periods.
1.
In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:
atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:
cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:
multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:
Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:
ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—
2.
In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.
a.
Absol.:
maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —
b.
Often with etiam:
Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:
Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—
c.
Sometimes with quoque:
Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—
d.
And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—
3.
In narration:
aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:
completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —
4.
In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):
Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:
ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;
12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;
and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:
Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:
Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—
5.
In connecting two acts or events.
a.
In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;
ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:
Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:
dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:
lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:
dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:
tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:
cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:
abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:
tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:
Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:
Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—
b.
In the order of thought, and so, and thus, and therefore.
(α).
Absol.:
si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—
(β).
With ita or sic:
Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:
ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—
c.
Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):
non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—
6.
(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:
Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:
hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;
ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:
Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—
7.
In expressing a wish, atque utinam:
Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:
Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:
Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:
Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—
8.
To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.
a.
Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;
atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):
ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:
ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:
observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—
b.
With tamen:
nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:
discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:
Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):
ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;
14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—
9.
To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;
... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:
nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—
10.
In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).
a.
A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:
Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:
Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:
Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:
Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:
Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:
Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—
b.
A positive purpose:
Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:
Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:
Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—
11.
a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:
atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—
b.
In introducing parentheses:
vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:
omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —
c.
At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:
Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:
Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—
V.
In particular connections and phrases.
A.
Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:
unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:
quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:
unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:
dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:
alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:
aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—
B.
Etiam atque etiam. again and again:
temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:
etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:
monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:
iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—
C.
Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—
D.
Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:
atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:
Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—
E.
Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:
Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:
quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:
nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:
Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—
F.
With other conjunctions.
1.
After et:
equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:
Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:
vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:
denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:
ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:
et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:
Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —
2.
After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:
submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:
terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:
mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—
3.
Before et:
caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—
4.
After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):
nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:
mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—
G.
Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:
atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:
omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:
Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:
Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:
Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:
Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:
complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.

► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:
a.
In the second place:
Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:
Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):
Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—
b.
In the third place:
quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.)

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Loco locass — Pays d’origine Canada … Wikipédia en Français
Loco — can refer to the following:* Loco (loa), a Rada nation patron of healers and plants * Loco (song), the first single by the band Coal Chamber * An abbreviation for locomotive * The Chilean and Peruvian name for the local Abalone * Loco (computer… … Wikipedia
Loco — puede referirse a: Una persona que ha perdido la razón, o sufre de locura, enfermedad, que tiene trastornadas las facultades mentales. El apodo de varias personalidades, en referencia al comportamiento peculiar: Sebastián Abreu, futbolista… … Wikipedia Español
Loco Video Loco — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Loco Video Loco Título original Loco Video Loco Títulos en otras lenguas … Wikipedia Español
Locó (footballer) — Locó Personal information Full name Manuel Armindo Morais Cange Date of birth 25 December 1984 ( … Wikipedia
Loco Hills (Nuevo México) — Loco Hills Lugar designado por el censo de los Estados Unidos … Wikipedia Español
Loco Moco — au Aqua Cafe, Honolulu Le Loco Moco est un plat de la cuisine hawaïenne. Il en existe de nombreuses variantes, mais l essentiel du loco moco consiste en un plat de riz blanc surmonté d un steak haché, d un œuf sur le plat et de jus de viande. Les … Wikipédia en Français
Loco (Oklahoma) — Loco Lugar designado por el censo de los Estados Unidos … Wikipedia Español

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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in+loco

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с латинского на английский

in+loco

См. также в других словарях:

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