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budget-cutting

Толкование Перевод

1 recorte

m.

1 cut, trimming (pieza cortada).

recorte de prensa press cutting o (British) clipping (United States)

2 cut, cutback.

recorte presupuestario/salarial budget/salary cut

3 cutout (cartulina).

4 swerve, sidestep (sport).

5 clipping, snip, clip, cutting.

6 pruning, scissoring, trimming.

7 slander, backbiting, calumny, defamation.

8 windowing.

pres.subj.

1^st person singular (yo) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: recortar.

* * *

recorte

► nombre masculino

1 (acción) cutting

2 (trozo) cutting, clipping

3 (de períodico) press clipping, newspaper cutting

4 (de pelo) trim, cut, reduction

5 figurado (reducción) cut, reduction

■ recorte del presupuesto budget cut

* * *

noun m.

cut, reduction

* * *

SM

1) (=acción) cutting, trimming

2) [del pelo] trim

3) [para economizar] cut

han anunciado un recorte de o en los gastos — they have announced a cut o cutback in spending

recorte presupuestario — spending cut

recorte salarial — wage cut

recortes de personal, recortes de plantilla — staff cutbacks

4) [de periódico, revista] cutting, clipping

recortes de periódico — newspaper cuttings o clippings

el libro está hecho de recortes — the book is a scissors-and-paste job

álbum de recortes — scrapbook

5) CAm * (=comentario) nasty remark

* * *

masculino

1) (de periódico, revista) cutting, clipping

2) (Fin) ( acción) cutting; ( efecto) cut, reduction

recortes presupuestarios — budget cuts

* * *

= axe [ax, -USA], cut, cutback, cutting, cutting, squeeze, snip, clipping.

Ex. Following in the footsteps of Beeching's axe which put paid to the branch-line era of the railways, many rural bus routes have now been threatened by rising petrol costs.

Ex. Cuts in the 1988 budget have resulted in cuts in opening hours, staff hours, and book budget.

Ex. The vast majority of inquiries received by the van had nothing to do with consumer problems and, with the cutbacks of the 1980s, the service was withdrawn.

Ex. This article concludes that cutting the number of words could lead to undesirable impoverishing of data bases rendering them useless as an independent source of information.

Ex. Guard book or scrapbook type arrangement, with possibly a loose-leaf format, is suitable for organising and keeping cuttings, letters and other small items.

Ex. Even library services to rural areas have been affected by the squeeze on public sector spending.

Ex. With a snip here and a snip there, it's easy to turn a plant into a living sculpture.

Ex. The interlacing of twigs into wickerwork is in all probability contemporary with first clipping of flint into arrow-heads.

----

* album de recortes = guard book, scrapbook.

* archivo de recortes = cuttings file [clipping file, -USA].

* archivo de recortes de prensa = newspaper clippings archives.

* colección de recortes = clipping file [cuttings file, -UK], cuttings file [clipping file, -USA].

* colección de recortes de periódicos = clippings collection.

* experimentar recortes = suffer + cuts.

* imponer recortes = impose + cuts.

* padecer recortes = experience + cutbacks.

* período de recortes presupuestarios = budget-slashing times.

* recorte de los tipos de interés = rate cut, interest-rate cut.

* recorte del presupuesto = budgetary constraint, funding cut.

* recorte de periódico = clipping, newspaper clipping, newspaper cutting.

* recorte de personal = downsizing, staffing cut.

* recorte de plantilla = downsizing.

* recorte de pliego = offcut.

* recorte de prensa = press cutting [press-cutting], press clipping, newspaper clipping.

* recorte de presupuesto = cut in budget.

* recorte económico = axe [ax, -USA].

* recorte en el presupuesto = funding cut.

* recorte presupuestario = budget cut, budget crunch, budget squeeze, budgetary cut, funding cut.

* recortes = contraction, under the knife.

* recorte salarial = salary cut.

* recortes económicos = economic retrenchment, retrenchment, financial cutbacks, economic cuts, spending cuts, expenditure cuts.

* recortes presupuestarios = budget cutting.

* recortes presupuestarios + hacerse sentir = budget cut + bite.

* * *

masculino

1) (de periódico, revista) cutting, clipping

2) (Fin) ( acción) cutting; ( efecto) cut, reduction

recortes presupuestarios — budget cuts

* * *

= axe [ax, -USA], cut, cutback, cutting, cutting, squeeze, snip, clipping.

Ex: Following in the footsteps of Beeching's axe which put paid to the branch-line era of the railways, many rural bus routes have now been threatened by rising petrol costs.

Ex: Cuts in the 1988 budget have resulted in cuts in opening hours, staff hours, and book budget.

Ex: The vast majority of inquiries received by the van had nothing to do with consumer problems and, with the cutbacks of the 1980s, the service was withdrawn.

Ex: This article concludes that cutting the number of words could lead to undesirable impoverishing of data bases rendering them useless as an independent source of information.

Ex: Guard book or scrapbook type arrangement, with possibly a loose-leaf format, is suitable for organising and keeping cuttings, letters and other small items.

Ex: Even library services to rural areas have been affected by the squeeze on public sector spending.

Ex: With a snip here and a snip there, it's easy to turn a plant into a living sculpture.

Ex: The interlacing of twigs into wickerwork is in all probability contemporary with first clipping of flint into arrow-heads.

* album de recortes = guard book, scrapbook.

* archivo de recortes = cuttings file [clipping file, -USA].

* archivo de recortes de prensa = newspaper clippings archives.

* colección de recortes = clipping file [cuttings file, -UK], cuttings file [clipping file, -USA].

* colección de recortes de periódicos = clippings collection.

* experimentar recortes = suffer + cuts.

* imponer recortes = impose + cuts.

* padecer recortes = experience + cutbacks.

* período de recortes presupuestarios = budget-slashing times.

* recorte de los tipos de interés = rate cut, interest-rate cut.

* recorte del presupuesto = budgetary constraint, funding cut.

* recorte de periódico = clipping, newspaper clipping, newspaper cutting.

* recorte de personal = downsizing, staffing cut.

* recorte de plantilla = downsizing.

* recorte de pliego = offcut.

* recorte de prensa = press cutting [press-cutting], press clipping, newspaper clipping.

* recorte de presupuesto = cut in budget.

* recorte económico = axe [ax, -USA].

* recorte en el presupuesto = funding cut.

* recorte presupuestario = budget cut, budget crunch, budget squeeze, budgetary cut, funding cut.

* recortes = contraction, under the knife.

* recorte salarial = salary cut.

* recortes económicos = economic retrenchment, retrenchment, financial cutbacks, economic cuts, spending cuts, expenditure cuts.

* recortes presupuestarios = budget cutting.

* recortes presupuestarios + hacerse sentir = budget cut + bite.

* * *

recorte

masculine

A (de un periódico, una revista) cutting, clipping

B ( Fin) (acción) cutting; (efecto) cut, reduction

recortes presupuestarios budget cuts, reductions in the budget

C

( Méx fam) (maledicencia): se dedicaron al recorte they spent their time pulling everyone apart o tearing into people ( colloq)

* * *

Del verbo recortar: ( conjugate recortar)

recorté es:

1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo

recorte es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo

Multiple Entries:
recortar
recorte
recortar ( conjugate recortar) verbo transitivo
1
a) ‹figura/artículo/anuncio› to cut out

b) ‹pelo/puntas› to trim

2 ‹gastos/plantilla› to reduce
recorte sustantivo masculino
1 (de periódico, revista) cutting, clipping
2 (Fin) ( acción) cutting;
( efecto) cut, reduction
recortar verbo transitivo
1 (una foto, un texto) to cut out
2 (bordes, puntas del pelo) to trim
3 (gastos) to reduce, cut
recorte sustantivo masculino
1 (de prensa) cutting, clipping
2 (de bordes, pelo) trim, cut
3 (de gastos) reduction, cut
' recorte' also found in these entries:
English:
clipping
- cut
- cutting
- press cutting
- snip
- spending cut
- off
- trim

* * *

recorte nm

1. [pieza cortada] trimming;
[de periódico, revista] cutting, clipping
2. [reducción] cut, cutback

Comp
recortes de personal job cuts;
recorte presupuestario budget cut;

recorte salarial wage o pay cut

3. [cartulina] cutout

4. Dep sidestep

5. Méx Fam [crítica] nasty o snide remark;

no me gustan tus amigos, están siempre en el recorte I don't like your friends, they're always being nasty about o Br slagging off other people

* * *

recorte

m fig

cutback;

recorte de periódico cutting, clipping;

recorte salarial salary cut;

recorte de personal reduction in personnel, personnel cutback;

recortes sociales pl cutbacks in public services

* * *

recorte nm

1) : cut, reduction

2) : clipping

recortes de periódicos: newspaper clippings

Spanish-English dictionary > recorte
2 recortar

v.

1 to cut off or away (cortar) (lo que sobra).

2 to trim (pelo, flequillo).

3 to cut (down) (gastos).

4 to cut out, to crop, to clip, to clip off.

Lisa recorta las plantas Lisa trims the plants.

5 to prune, to trim.

6 to cut back, to cut down, to lower, to cut.

Lisa recorta los gastos Lisa cuts back the expenses.

7 to suppress, to eliminate.

8 to criticize, to censure, to carp at, to dispraise.

* * *

recortar

► verbo transitivo

1 (muñecos, telas, etc) to cut out

2 (lo que sobra) to cut off

3 (el pelo) to trim

4 figurado to cut, restrict

■ han recortado las subvenciones subsidies have been cut

► verbo pronominal recortarse

1 (sobresalir) to stand out

* * *

verb

1) to cut, reduce

2) trim

* * *

1. VT

1) [+ pelo] to trim; [+ exceso, sobras] to cut away, cut off

2) [+ figura, diseño] to cut out

3) [+ escopeta] to saw off

4) [+ presupuesto] to cut, reduce; [+ plantilla] to cut, cut back; [+ víveres] to cut down

5) (=perfilar) to draw in outline

2.

See:

recortarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) <figura/artículo/anuncio> to cut out

la escopeta tenía los cañones recortados — the barrels of the shotgun had been sawed off (AmE) o (BrE) sawn off

b) <pelo/puntas> to trim

2) <gastos/plantilla> to reduce

3) (Méx fam) ( criticar) to tear into (colloq), to pull... apart (colloq)
2.
recortarse v pron (liter) perfil/figura

recortarse SOBRE algo — to be outlined o silhouetted against something

* * *

= cut away, cut, trim, pare down, clip, make + inroads, cutting out, slim down, cut out, trim off, shave off, prune, slash.

Ex. Punching equipment is not always as accurate as it might be; holes may not be well centred upon their coding position, and holes are sometimes not completely cut away.

Ex. 'The word's out: all departments have to cut their staffs by 10%' -- Her voice was weak and laden with woe.

Ex. The edges of the leaves may have been trimmed smooth by the binder, or left rough (uncut).

Ex. He said again that we should pare it down to something much more in line with his figures.

Ex. Some libraries frequently subscribe to specific newspapers in duplicate in order to clip articles and illustrations of interest for particular subject files.

Ex. In all this flurry of activity in the early seventies public libraries were not only ignored but showed little interest, in spite of the fact that inroads were being made into their traditional library functions.

Ex. These include: matching characters with nursery rhymes; quizzes; colouring and cutting out; treasure hunts; fancy dress parades; making words of jumbled letters; and a pets' parade.

Ex. The abundance of book types and titles makes display and merchandising increasingly difficult; some booksellers are dealing with this by slimming down or cutting out certain categories.

Ex. The project focused on newspaper clipping archives and libraries which currently cut out articles.

Ex. If you repeatedly deadhead - trim off the spent flowers - the plant goes into overdrive.

Ex. You can shave off as much as 50% or even more from your current rate for home insurance in Arizona.

Ex. More balanced schedules were achieved by pruning the 31000 subjects enumerated in the fourteenth edition to 4700.

Ex. Finally, a few copies of an edition seem generally to have slipped through with their cancellanda uncancelled, so that examples of the original settings may sometimes be found (occasionally slashed by the warehouse keeper's shears, deliberate defacement which escaped notice).

----

* dado a recortar presupuestos = budget-cutting.

* máquina de recortar con cuchilla recta = straight-knife trimming machine.

* recortar el presupuesto = cut back + budget, cut + budget, squeeze + budget.

* recortar gastos = cut + expenditure, cut + expenses.

* recortar la financiación = cut + funding.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) <figura/artículo/anuncio> to cut out

la escopeta tenía los cañones recortados — the barrels of the shotgun had been sawed off (AmE) o (BrE) sawn off

b) <pelo/puntas> to trim

2) <gastos/plantilla> to reduce

3) (Méx fam) ( criticar) to tear into (colloq), to pull... apart (colloq)
2.
recortarse v pron (liter) perfil/figura

recortarse SOBRE algo — to be outlined o silhouetted against something

* * *

= cut away, cut, trim, pare down, clip, make + inroads, cutting out, slim down, cut out, trim off, shave off, prune, slash.

Ex: Punching equipment is not always as accurate as it might be; holes may not be well centred upon their coding position, and holes are sometimes not completely cut away.

Ex: 'The word's out: all departments have to cut their staffs by 10%' -- Her voice was weak and laden with woe.

Ex: The edges of the leaves may have been trimmed smooth by the binder, or left rough (uncut).

Ex: He said again that we should pare it down to something much more in line with his figures.

Ex: Some libraries frequently subscribe to specific newspapers in duplicate in order to clip articles and illustrations of interest for particular subject files.

Ex: In all this flurry of activity in the early seventies public libraries were not only ignored but showed little interest, in spite of the fact that inroads were being made into their traditional library functions.

Ex: These include: matching characters with nursery rhymes; quizzes; colouring and cutting out; treasure hunts; fancy dress parades; making words of jumbled letters; and a pets' parade.

Ex: The abundance of book types and titles makes display and merchandising increasingly difficult; some booksellers are dealing with this by slimming down or cutting out certain categories.

Ex: The project focused on newspaper clipping archives and libraries which currently cut out articles.

Ex: If you repeatedly deadhead - trim off the spent flowers - the plant goes into overdrive.

Ex: You can shave off as much as 50% or even more from your current rate for home insurance in Arizona.

Ex: More balanced schedules were achieved by pruning the 31000 subjects enumerated in the fourteenth edition to 4700.

Ex: Finally, a few copies of an edition seem generally to have slipped through with their cancellanda uncancelled, so that examples of the original settings may sometimes be found (occasionally slashed by the warehouse keeper's shears, deliberate defacement which escaped notice).

* dado a recortar presupuestos = budget-cutting.

* máquina de recortar con cuchilla recta = straight-knife trimming machine.

* recortar el presupuesto = cut back + budget, cut + budget, squeeze + budget.

* recortar gastos = cut + expenditure, cut + expenses.

* recortar la financiación = cut + funding.

* * *

recortar [A1 ]

vt

A

1 ‹figura/artículo/anuncio› to cut out

la escopeta tenía los cañones recortados the barrels of the shotgun had been sawed off ( AmE) o ( BrE) sawn off

2 ‹pelo/puntas› to trim

B ‹presupuesto/gastos› to cut, reduce; ‹plantilla› to reduce, cut down on

C ( Méx fam) (criticar) to tear into ( colloq), to pull … apart ( colloq)

■ recortarse

v pron

( liter) recortarse SOBRE algo to stand out AGAINST sth, be silhouetted AGAINST sth

* * *

recortar ( conjugate recortar) verbo transitivo
1
a) ‹figura/artículo/anuncio› to cut out

b) ‹pelo/puntas› to trim

2 ‹gastos/plantilla› to reduce
recortar verbo transitivo
1 (una foto, un texto) to cut out
2 (bordes, puntas del pelo) to trim
3 (gastos) to reduce, cut
' recortar' also found in these entries:
English:
ax
- axe
- clip
- cut out
- lop off
- trim
- cut
- edit
- scale
- whittle

* * *

recortar

♦ vt

1. [cortar] [lo que sobra] to cut off o away;
[figuras] to cut out
2. [pelo, flequillo] to trim

3. [reducir] to cut;

hay que recortar gastos we'll have to cut (down) our expenditure

4. Dep to sidestep;

recortó a un defensa he sidestepped a defender

♦ See also the pronominal verb recortarse

* * *

recortar

v/t cut out; fig

cut; exceso reduce, cut back on

* * *

recortar vt

1) : to cut, to reduce

2) : to cut out

3) : to trim, to cut off

4) : to outline

♦ See also the reflexive verb recortarse

* * *

recortar vb

1. (foto, figura, etc) to cut out [pt. & pp. cut]

recortó la fotografía de una revista she cut the photo out of a magazine

2. (pelo, bordes, etc) to trim [pt. & pp. trimmed]

la peluquera le recortó el flequillo the hairdresser trimmed her fringe

3. (gastos) to cut [pt. & pp. cut]

decidieron recortar gastos y ahorrar para las vacaciones they decided to cut their expenses and save up for their holidays

Spanish-English dictionary > recortar
3 presupuesto

adj.

presupposed, estimated.

m.

1 budget, estimate.

2 presupposition.

past part.

past participle of spanish verb: presuponer.

pres.indicat.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: presupuestar.

* * *

presupuesto

► nombre masculino

1 (en finanzas, política) budget; (de una obra, reparación) estimate

2 (supuesto) assumption

————————

presupuesto

► participio pasado

1→ link=presuponer presuponer

► nombre masculino presupuesto

1 (en finanzas, política) budget; (de una obra, reparación) estimate

2 (supuesto) assumption

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

los presupuestos generales del Estado the national budget sing

* * *

noun m.

budget

* * *

SM

1) (Econ) budget

presupuesto de ventas — sales budget

los Presupuestos Generales (del Estado) — the national budget

presupuesto operante — operating budget

2) [para obra, encargo etc] estimate

pedir presupuesto — to ask for an estimate

presupuesto sin compromiso — free estimates - no obligation

3) (=supuesto) premise, assumption

* * *

masculino

1)

a) (Fin) budget

presupuestos generales del Estado — state/national budget

b) ( precio estimado) estimate

pedir/hacer un presupuesto — to ask for/give an estimate

2) ( supuesto) assumption, supposition

parten de unos presupuestos falsos — they are basing their theory on false assumptions o premises

* * *

= assumption, budget, presumption, presupposition [pre-supposition], quotation, financial statement, budget dollar, purse strings, budget allocation, budgetary allocation, quote.

Ex. Also, in controlled indexing language data bases, there is often an assumption that a user will be prepared to chase strings of references or to consult a sometimes complex thesaurus.

Ex. Factors here may be: total budget available for the production of abstracts.

Ex. Some of these presumptions have served only to perpetuate misconceptions of collection.

Ex. Computers hold pre-defined and fixed presuppositions, whilst those of humans are unpredictable.

Ex. When costing, the quotation given seriously underestimated the time needed for the job = Cuando se calculó el costo, el presupuesto que se dio subestimó en gran medida el tiempo necesario para hacer el trabajo.

Ex. These include an explanatory memorandum which sets out the background of the proposal, and usually also a financial statement of likely budget expenditure.

Ex. The library and information sectors have to escalate their fight for every budget dollar, and some struggle to justify their very existence.

Ex. The problem is spreading rapidly, affecting people at all levels of society some of whom control the fate and purse strings of libraries.

Ex. If there is no policy of standardization, the librarian will be free to choose any suitable system within the budget allocation.

Ex. The figures in brackets are the percentages of the 1982 budgetary allocations for research.

Ex. This is the most cost-effective method of acquisition because of the opportunity to choose the least expensive quote from multiple quotes through increasing purchasing power.

----

* administrar el presupuesto = manage + funds.

* agotar el presupuesto = drain + budget.

* asignación de presupuesto = budgeting.

* asignar un presupuesto = allocate + funds.

* aumentar el presupuesto = add + monies to + budget.

* austeridad de los presupuestos = budgetary stringency.

* basarse en + presupuesto = assumption + undergird.

* confección del presupuesto = budgeting.

* congelación de los presupuestos = budget freeze.

* congelar el presupuesto = freeze + budget.

* controlar el presupuesto = control + the purse strings.

* control de los presupuestos = budgetary control.

* con un presupuesto limitado = low-budget.

* con un presupuesto muy exiguo = on a shoestring (budget).

* con un presupuesto reducido = low-budget.

* dado a recortar presupuestos = budget-cutting.

* elaboración del presupuesto = budgeting process.

* elaboración de presupuesto = budgeting.

* encargado de hacer el presupuesto = budgetmaker.

* encargarse del presupuesto = control + the purse strings.

* equilibrar el presupuesto = balance + the budget.

* exceso en el presupuesto = budget overrun, overrun [over-run], cost overrun.

* hacer un presupuesto = cost.

* inflar un presupuesto = pad + a budget.

* limitación del presupuesto = budget constraint.

* partir de presupuestos = make + assumption.

* presupuesto asignado por actividades = performance budget.

* presupuesto asignado según una fórmula = formula budget.

* presupuesto cada vez más pequeño = shrinking budget.

* presupuesto cada vez menor = shrinking budget.

* presupuesto congelado = stagnant budget, frozen budget.

* presupuesto de adquisiciones = acquisitions budget.

* presupuesto de base cero = zero-base(d) budgeting (ZZB), zero-base(d) budget.

* presupuesto desglosado por partidas = programme budget, programme budgetting.

* presupuesto detallado = line item budget.

* presupuesto exiguo = shoestring budget.

* presupuesto extraordinario = capital grant.

* presupuesto global = lump sum budget.

* presupuesto para adquisición de material = capital budget.

* presupuesto para gastos de funcionamiento = operating budget, operating funds.

* presupuesto para la compra de libros = book funds [bookfunds].

* presupuesto para la compra de material = materials budget.

* presupuesto para libros = book budget.

* presupuesto precario = shoestring budget.

* presupuesto público = public funding.

* presupuestos = funding.

* presupuestos de la mayoría = majority assumptions.

* presupuestos públicos = state finance.

* proceso de asignación de presupuestos = budgetary process.

* recortar el presupuesto = cut back + budget, cut + budget, squeeze + budget.

* recorte del presupuesto = budgetary constraint, funding cut.

* recorte de presupuesto = cut in budget.

* recorte en el presupuesto = funding cut.

* reducir el presupuesto = cut + monies from + budget.

* sin exceder el presupuesto = budgetable.

* * *

masculino

1)

a) (Fin) budget

presupuestos generales del Estado — state/national budget

b) ( precio estimado) estimate

pedir/hacer un presupuesto — to ask for/give an estimate

2) ( supuesto) assumption, supposition

parten de unos presupuestos falsos — they are basing their theory on false assumptions o premises

* * *

= assumption, budget, presumption, presupposition [pre-supposition], quotation, financial statement, budget dollar, purse strings, budget allocation, budgetary allocation, quote.

Ex: Also, in controlled indexing language data bases, there is often an assumption that a user will be prepared to chase strings of references or to consult a sometimes complex thesaurus.

Ex: Factors here may be: total budget available for the production of abstracts.

Ex: Some of these presumptions have served only to perpetuate misconceptions of collection.

Ex: Computers hold pre-defined and fixed presuppositions, whilst those of humans are unpredictable.

Ex: When costing, the quotation given seriously underestimated the time needed for the job = Cuando se calculó el costo, el presupuesto que se dio subestimó en gran medida el tiempo necesario para hacer el trabajo.

Ex: These include an explanatory memorandum which sets out the background of the proposal, and usually also a financial statement of likely budget expenditure.

Ex: The library and information sectors have to escalate their fight for every budget dollar, and some struggle to justify their very existence.

Ex: The problem is spreading rapidly, affecting people at all levels of society some of whom control the fate and purse strings of libraries.

Ex: If there is no policy of standardization, the librarian will be free to choose any suitable system within the budget allocation.

Ex: The figures in brackets are the percentages of the 1982 budgetary allocations for research.

Ex: This is the most cost-effective method of acquisition because of the opportunity to choose the least expensive quote from multiple quotes through increasing purchasing power.

* administrar el presupuesto = manage + funds.

* agotar el presupuesto = drain + budget.

* asignación de presupuesto = budgeting.

* asignar un presupuesto = allocate + funds.

* aumentar el presupuesto = add + monies to + budget.

* austeridad de los presupuestos = budgetary stringency.

* basarse en + presupuesto = assumption + undergird.

* confección del presupuesto = budgeting.

* congelación de los presupuestos = budget freeze.

* congelar el presupuesto = freeze + budget.

* controlar el presupuesto = control + the purse strings.

* control de los presupuestos = budgetary control.

* con un presupuesto limitado = low-budget.

* con un presupuesto muy exiguo = on a shoestring (budget).

* con un presupuesto reducido = low-budget.

* dado a recortar presupuestos = budget-cutting.

* elaboración del presupuesto = budgeting process.

* elaboración de presupuesto = budgeting.

* encargado de hacer el presupuesto = budgetmaker.

* encargarse del presupuesto = control + the purse strings.

* equilibrar el presupuesto = balance + the budget.

* exceso en el presupuesto = budget overrun, overrun [over-run], cost overrun.

* hacer un presupuesto = cost.

* inflar un presupuesto = pad + a budget.

* limitación del presupuesto = budget constraint.

* partir de presupuestos = make + assumption.

* presupuesto asignado por actividades = performance budget.

* presupuesto asignado según una fórmula = formula budget.

* presupuesto cada vez más pequeño = shrinking budget.

* presupuesto cada vez menor = shrinking budget.

* presupuesto congelado = stagnant budget, frozen budget.

* presupuesto de adquisiciones = acquisitions budget.

* presupuesto de base cero = zero-base(d) budgeting (ZZB), zero-base(d) budget.

* presupuesto desglosado por partidas = programme budget, programme budgetting.

* presupuesto detallado = line item budget.

* presupuesto exiguo = shoestring budget.

* presupuesto extraordinario = capital grant.

* presupuesto global = lump sum budget.

* presupuesto para adquisición de material = capital budget.

* presupuesto para gastos de funcionamiento = operating budget, operating funds.

* presupuesto para la compra de libros = book funds [bookfunds].

* presupuesto para la compra de material = materials budget.

* presupuesto para libros = book budget.

* presupuesto precario = shoestring budget.

* presupuesto público = public funding.

* presupuestos = funding.

* presupuestos de la mayoría = majority assumptions.

* presupuestos públicos = state finance.

* proceso de asignación de presupuestos = budgetary process.

* recortar el presupuesto = cut back + budget, cut + budget, squeeze + budget.

* recorte del presupuesto = budgetary constraint, funding cut.

* recorte de presupuesto = cut in budget.

* recorte en el presupuesto = funding cut.

* reducir el presupuesto = cut + monies from + budget.

* sin exceder el presupuesto = budgetable.

* * *

presupuesto

masculine

A

1 ( Fin) budget

presupuestos generales del Estado state/national budget

2 (precio estimado) estimate

pedir/hacer un presupuesto to ask for/give an estimate

B (supuesto) assumption, supposition

parten de unos presupuestos falsos they are basing their theory on false assumptions o premises

* * *

Del verbo presuponer: ( conjugate presuponer)

presupuesto es:

el participio

Del verbo presupuestar: ( conjugate presupuestar)

presupuesto es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

presupuestó es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

Multiple Entries:
presuponer
presupuestar
presupuesto
presuponer ( conjugate presuponer) verbo transitivo
to presuppose (frml), assume
presupuesto sustantivo masculino
1
a) (Fin) budget

b) ( precio estimado) estimate;

◊ hacer un presupuesto to give an estimate

2 ( supuesto) assumption, supposition
presuponer verbo transitivo to presuppose, assume
presupuestar verbo transitivo
1 (incluir en un presupuesto) to budget for
2 (calcular gastos, ingresos) to estimate for
presupuesto sustantivo masculino
1 Fin budget
2 (cálculo aproximado) estimate, (más detallado) quote
3 (presuposición) supposition, assumption
Estimate es el presupuesto que pides antes de encargar algún trabajo en un taller, tienda, etc. Budget es el presupuesto que te sirve para planificar tus gastos.
' presupuesto' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ajustada
- ajustado
- compromiso
- consignar
- contrapartida
- dar
- estiramiento
- hinchar
- holgada
- holgado
- inflar
- militar
- nivelar
- partida
- presupuestar
- reforma
- cotización
- reducido
- salir
English:
allocate
- balance
- budget
- estimate
- low-budget
- quotation
- quote
- sales budget
- B
- leeway

* * *

presupuesto, -a

♦ participio
ver presuponer
♦ nm

1. [dinero disponible] budget

Comp
presupuestos (generales) del Estado state budget, national budget
2. [cálculo de costes] estimate;

pedir (un) presupuesto to ask for an estimate;

me han dado un presupuesto de dos millones they've given me an estimate of two million

3. [suposición] assumption

* * *

presupuesto

I part → presuponer

II m POL budget

* * *

presupuesto nm

1) : budget, estimate

2) : assumption, supposition

* * *

presupuesto n

1. (dinero asignado) budget

gastan la mitad del presupuesto en comida they spend half their budget on food

2. (cálculo anticipado) estimate

antes de pintar el piso, pidió varios presupuestos before having the flat painted, she got several estimates

Spanish-English dictionary > presupuesto
4 dado a recortar presupuestos

(adj.) = budget-cutting

Ex. With continued acquiescence to budget-cutting administrators, tomorrow's libraries may be viewed as mere custodians and perhaps even superfluous to their institutions.

* * *

(adj.) = budget-cutting

Ex: With continued acquiescence to budget-cutting administrators, tomorrow's libraries may be viewed as mere custodians and perhaps even superfluous to their institutions.

Spanish-English dictionary > dado a recortar presupuestos
5 recortes presupuestarios

m.pl.

budgetary reductions, budgetary cuts, spending cuts.

* * *

(n.) = budget cutting

Ex. During the Reagan Administration, federal information policies and climate were driven by budget cutting, eliminiation of publications, and a dramatic increase in privatisation of federal information.

* * *

(n.) = budget cutting

Ex: During the Reagan Administration, federal information policies and climate were driven by budget cutting, eliminiation of publications, and a dramatic increase in privatisation of federal information.

Spanish-English dictionary > recortes presupuestarios
6 directivo

adj.

directive, managerial, directory, managing.

m.

executive, trustee, staff member, official.

* * *

directivo

► adjetivo

1 directive, managing

► nombre masculino,nombre femenino

1 director, manager, board member

* * *
1. (f. - directiva)
adj.

managerial, executive
2. (f. - directiva)
noun

director, executive

* * *
directivo, -a
1.

ADJ [junta] managing; [función] managerial, administrative; [clase] executive

2.

SM / F (Com) manager

un congreso de los directivos de la industria — a conference for industry executives

* * *

masculino ( gerente) manager; ( ejecutivo) executive, director

* * *

= managerial, official, top official, administrator, top executive, top position, senior manager, top manager, exec.

Nota: Abreviatura de executive.

Ex. The course had concentrated on executive decision making, with a side excursion into the study and findings of Henry Mintzberg as reported in his book, 'The Nature of managerial Work'.

Ex. See also reference tracings include related headings such as personal and corporate headings for officials, pseudonyms used as uniform headings, etc.

Ex. Some who felt that many of the top officials in libraries and professional organizations were men.

Ex. With continued acquiescence to budget-cutting administrators, tomorrow's libraries may be viewed as mere custodians and perhaps even superfluous to their institutions.

Ex. A survey of 40 organisations was used to identify the problems more frequently encountered by top executives using computers for decision support.

Ex. In spite of the preponderance of women in the profession 44 of 61 top positions are held by men.

Ex. Jan Wilkinson has wide experience of a variety of academic libraries and has spent fifteen years as a senior manager.

Ex. In comparison with the previous year, the remuneration of top managers grew on average by about 7.5% in 2002.

Ex. Although there is consensus on the priority of some strategies, execs from different departments don't see eye to eye on many others.

----

* comité directivo = steering committee.

* comité directivo de un partido = caucus [caucuses, pl.].

* directivo de agencia de publicidad = advertising executive.

* directivo del comercio minorista = retail executive.

* directivos = senior staff, senior management, administrative personnel.

* Junta Directiva de la IFLA = IFLA's Executive Board.

* reunión de la junta directiva = board meeting.

* * *

masculino ( gerente) manager; ( ejecutivo) executive, director

* * *

= managerial, official, top official, administrator, top executive, top position, senior manager, top manager, exec.

Nota: Abreviatura de executive.

Ex: The course had concentrated on executive decision making, with a side excursion into the study and findings of Henry Mintzberg as reported in his book, 'The Nature of managerial Work'.

Ex: See also reference tracings include related headings such as personal and corporate headings for officials, pseudonyms used as uniform headings, etc.

Ex: Some who felt that many of the top officials in libraries and professional organizations were men.

Ex: With continued acquiescence to budget-cutting administrators, tomorrow's libraries may be viewed as mere custodians and perhaps even superfluous to their institutions.

Ex: A survey of 40 organisations was used to identify the problems more frequently encountered by top executives using computers for decision support.

Ex: In spite of the preponderance of women in the profession 44 of 61 top positions are held by men.

Ex: Jan Wilkinson has wide experience of a variety of academic libraries and has spent fifteen years as a senior manager.

Ex: In comparison with the previous year, the remuneration of top managers grew on average by about 7.5% in 2002.

Ex: Although there is consensus on the priority of some strategies, execs from different departments don't see eye to eye on many others.

* comité directivo = steering committee.

* comité directivo de un partido = caucus [caucuses, pl.].

* directivo de agencia de publicidad = advertising executive.

* directivo del comercio minorista = retail executive.

* directivos = senior staff, senior management, administrative personnel.

* Junta Directiva de la IFLA = IFLA's Executive Board.

* reunión de la junta directiva = board meeting.

* * *

directivo¹ -va

adjective

managerial, executive

directivo²

masculine

(gerente) manager; (ejecutivo) executive, director

* * *

directivo,-a
I adjetivo directive
junta directiva, board of directors
II sustantivo masculino y femenino director, member of the board
' directivo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
directiva
- dirección
English:
managerial
- official
- senior
- director

* * *

directivo, -a

♦ adj

managerial;

la junta directiva del club the management team of the club;

un cargo directivo a management post

♦ nm,f
[jefe] manager
* * *

directivo

I adj governing; COM managing

II m, directiva f COM manager;

alto directivo top executive

* * *

directivo, -va adj

: executive, managerial

directivo, -va n

: executive, director

* * *

directivo n manager / director

Spanish-English dictionary > directivo
7 ejecutivo

adj.

executive.

m.

executive, exec, business executive, officer.

* * *

ejecutivo

► adjetivo

1 executive

2 (rápido) prompt

► nombre masculino,nombre femenino

1 executive

► nombre masculino el ejecutivo

1 (gobierno) the government

■ las propuestas del Ejecutivo han sido rechazadas por los sindicatos the Government's proposals have been rejected by the unions

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

poder ejecutivo the executive

* * *

(f. - ejecutiva)

noun adj.

executive

* * *
ejecutivo, -a
1. ADJ

1) [función, poder] executive

2) (=urgente) [petición] pressing, insistent; [respuesta] prompt; [negocio] urgent, immediate

2.

SM (Pol) executive

el Ejecutivo — the Executive

3.

SM / F (Com) executive

ejecutivo/a de cuentas — account executive

ejecutivo/a de ventas — sales executive

* * *
I
- va adjetivo <función/comisión> executive
II
- va masculino, femenino

1) (Adm, Com) executive

2) ejecutivo masculino (Gob) executive

* * *

= executive, business executive, administrative, administrator, corporate executive, exec, executive.

Nota: Nombre y adjetivo.

Ex. The course had concentrated on executive decision making, with a side excursion into the study and findings of Henry Mintzberg as reported in his book, 'The Nature of Managerial Work'.

Ex. The trustee was generally male, 'past his prime', white, Protestant, well educated, wealthy, a member of the social elite, and usually a member of a profession or a business executive.

Ex. There is now the highest number of women in top administrative positions than there has been before: 54 women out of a total of 111 directorships.

Ex. With continued acquiescence to budget-cutting administrators, tomorrow's libraries may be viewed as mere custodians and perhaps even superfluous to their institutions.

Ex. There are millions of jokes about dumb blondes, but there is not so many jokes about cooperate executives.

Ex. Although there is consensus on the priority of some strategies, execs from different departments don't see eye to eye on many others.

Ex. The course had concentrated on executive decision making, with a side excursion into the study and findings of Henry Mintzberg as reported in his book, 'The Nature of Managerial Work'.

----

* búsqueda personalizada de ejecutivos = headhunting, executive search.

* director ejecutivo = chief executive.

* ejecutivo, el = Executive, the.

* ejecutivo superior = top executive.

* empresa de búsqueda personalizada de ejecutivos = headhunter.

* poder ejecutivo = chief executive, executive arm, executive power.

* poder ejecutivo, el = Executive, the.

* resumen ejecutivo = executive summary.

* secretario ejecutivo = executive secretary.

* * *
I
- va adjetivo <función/comisión> executive
II
- va masculino, femenino

1) (Adm, Com) executive

2) ejecutivo masculino (Gob) executive

* * *

el ejecutivo

= Executive, the

Ex: Granting the Executive the power to torture people and jail them indefinitely, without meaningful judicial review, is like playing with fire.

= executive, business executive, administrative, administrator, corporate executive, exec, executive.

Nota: Nombre y adjetivo.

Ex: The course had concentrated on executive decision making, with a side excursion into the study and findings of Henry Mintzberg as reported in his book, 'The Nature of Managerial Work'.

Ex: The trustee was generally male, 'past his prime', white, Protestant, well educated, wealthy, a member of the social elite, and usually a member of a profession or a business executive.

Ex: There is now the highest number of women in top administrative positions than there has been before: 54 women out of a total of 111 directorships.

Ex: With continued acquiescence to budget-cutting administrators, tomorrow's libraries may be viewed as mere custodians and perhaps even superfluous to their institutions.

Ex: There are millions of jokes about dumb blondes, but there is not so many jokes about cooperate executives.

Ex: Although there is consensus on the priority of some strategies, execs from different departments don't see eye to eye on many others.

Ex: The course had concentrated on executive decision making, with a side excursion into the study and findings of Henry Mintzberg as reported in his book, 'The Nature of Managerial Work'.

* búsqueda personalizada de ejecutivos = headhunting, executive search.

* director ejecutivo = chief executive.

* ejecutivo, el = Executive, the.

* ejecutivo superior = top executive.

* empresa de búsqueda personalizada de ejecutivos = headhunter.

* poder ejecutivo = chief executive, executive arm, executive power.

* poder ejecutivo, el = Executive, the.

* resumen ejecutivo = executive summary.

* secretario ejecutivo = executive secretary.

* * *

ejecutivo¹ -va

adjective

‹función/comisión› executive director, poder² m D. (↑ poder (2))

ejecutivo² -va

masculine, feminine

A ( Adm, Com) (persona) executive

ejecutivo de ventas sales executive

B

ejecutivo masculine ( Gob): el ejecutivo the executive

el jefe del ejecutivo the head of the government o the executive

* * *

ejecutivo 1
◊ -va adjetivo ‹función/comisión› executive

■ sustantivo masculino, femenino (Bot, Com) executive
ejecutivo 2 sustantivo masculino (Gob) executive
ejecutivo,-a
I adjetivo executive
el consejo ejecutivo, the executive council
II sustantivo masculino executive

' ejecutivo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ejecutiva
- alto
English:
executive
- high-powered
- hotshot
- MD
- managing director
- take

* * *

ejecutivo, -a

♦ adj

executive

♦ nm,f
[persona] executive;
ejecutivo agresivo thrusting executive;

un alto ejecutivo de la compañía a top executive of the company

Comp
ejecutivo de cuentas account executive;
ejecutivo de marketing marketing executive;

ejecutivo de ventas sales executive

♦ nm
Pol
el ejecutivo o [m5] Ejecutivo the government;

fuentes del ejecutivo government sources

* * *

ejecutivo

I adj executive;

el poder ejecutivo POL the executive

II m

1 executive;

alto ejecutivo top executive

2

:

el Ejecutivo the government

* * *

ejecutivo, -va adj & n

: executive

* * *

ejecutivo adj n executive

Spanish-English dictionary > ejecutivo
8 dado

adj.

given.

m.

1 dice, die.

2 threading die.

3 dado, die.

past part.

past participle of spanish verb: dar.

* * *

dado

► nombre masculino

1 (para jugar) die

2 TÉCNICA block

3 ARQUITECTURA dado

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

cargar los dados to load the dice

echar los dados to throw the dice

————————

dado

► participio pasado

1→ link=dar dar

► adjetivo

1 given

■ en un momento dado at a given moment, at a certain point

■ dada la base y la altura, hallar la superficie given the base and the height, find the area

2 (en vista de) in view of

■ dada su experiencia in view of his experience

3 (hora) past

■ son las cinco dadas it's past five o'clock

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

dado que since, as, given that

■ dado que llueve no saldremos as it's raining we won't go out

ir dado,-a to be in for trouble

■ vas dado si crees que te esperaré if you think I'm going to wait for you, you've got another think coming

ser dado,-a a to be keen on, be fond of

■ mi tío es muy dado a las hierbas medicinales my uncle is very fond of medicinal herbs

* * *
1. noun m.
dice
2. (f. - dada)
adj.

given

* * *
I
SM

1) [en juegos] die
pl dados dice
echó o tiró los dados — he threw the dice

jugar a los dados — to play dice

2) (Arquit) dado

3) (Mec) block
II
ADJ

1) (=determinado)

en un caso dado — in a given case

dada su corta edad — in view of his youth

dadas estas circunstancias — in view of o given these circumstances

2)

ser dado a algo — to be given to sth

es muy dado a discutir — he is much given to arguing

3)

ir dado * —

si crees que te voy a pagar las vacaciones, vas dado — if you think I'm going to pay for your holidays, you've another think coming!

4)

dado que — + subjun provided that, so long as; + indic given that

* * *
I
- da adjetivo

1) ( determinado) given

en un momento/punto dado — at a given moment/point

2) (como conj) given

dadas las circunstancias — given o in view of the circumstances

dado que — (frml) in view of the fact that (frml), given that

3) [ser] ( proclive)

dado a algo/+ inf — given to something/-ing

4) (RPl) (abierto, extrovertido) outgoing
II
masculino

1)

a) (Jueg) dice, die (frml)

echar or tirar los dados — to throw the dice

jugar a los dados — to play dice

b) ( cubo)

cortar el queso en dados — cut the cheese into cubes

zanahoria cortada en daditos — diced carrot

2) (Arquit) dado

* * *
I
- da adjetivo

1) ( determinado) given

en un momento/punto dado — at a given moment/point

2) (como conj) given

dadas las circunstancias — given o in view of the circumstances

dado que — (frml) in view of the fact that (frml), given that

3) [ser] ( proclive)

dado a algo/+ inf — given to something/-ing

4) (RPl) (abierto, extrovertido) outgoing
II
masculino

1)

a) (Jueg) dice, die (frml)

echar or tirar los dados — to throw the dice

jugar a los dados — to play dice

b) ( cubo)

cortar el queso en dados — cut the cheese into cubes

zanahoria cortada en daditos — diced carrot

2) (Arquit) dado

* * *

dado¹

¹ = given.

Ex: The notation for any given geographical division varies between classes and between different parts of the same classes.

* dada la situación = in the circumstances.

* dadas las circunstancias = in the circumstances, under the circumstances.

* dado a recluirse = reclusive.

* dado a recortar presupuestos = budget-cutting.

* dado de baja = written-off.

* dado por hecho = foregone.

* dado por muerto = presumed dead.

* dado que = seeing that/as, on account of.

* en un momento dado = at any given moment, at a given point in time, at a given moment in time, at a given moment.

* ponencia dada por invitado especial = key paper.

* ser dado a = be amenable to, be apt to.

* solución dada = cut-and-dried solution.

* * *

dado¹ -da

adjective

A (determinado) given

en un momento/punto dado at a given moment/point

B

1 ( como conj) given

dadas las circunstancias given o in view of the circumstances

dado un círculo de cinco centímetros de radio given a circle with a radius of five centimeters

no es extraño que no haya podido resolverlo, dada la complejidad del caso it's not surprising he hasn't been able to resolve it, given o considering the complexity of the case

2

dado que ( frml); in view of the fact that ( frml), given that, since

C [ SER] (proclive) dado A algo given TO sth

los vecinos son muy dados al chismorreo the neighbors tend to gossip a lot, the neighbors are very fond of o are given to gossiping

en este país la gente es muy dada a criticar in this country people are inclined to be o tend to be critical o are given to criticizing

ir dado ( Esp fam): como sigas sin estudiar vas dado if you don't start studying, you'll be in trouble ( colloq)

si pretendes que pague yo, vas dado if you think I'm going to pay, you've got another think coming ( colloq)

D ( RPl) (abierto, extrovertido) outgoing

dado²

masculine

A

1 ( Jueg) dice, die ( frml)

echar or tirar los dados to throw the dice

jugar a los dados to play dice

los dados estaban cargados the dice were loaded

2

(cubo): cortar el queso en dados cut the cheese into cubes

zanahoria cortada en daditos diced carrot

B ( Arquit) dado

C ( Fil) given

* * *

Del verbo dar: ( conjugate dar)

dado es:

el participio

Multiple Entries:
dado
dar
dado 1
◊ -da adjetivo

1 ( determinado) given;
◊ en un momento dado at a given moment

2 ( como conj) given;
◊ dadas las circunstancias given o in view of the circumstances;

dado que given that
3 [ser] ( proclive) dado a algo/hacer algo given to sth/doing sth
dado 2 sustantivo masculino
1 (Jueg) dice, die (frml);
◊ jugar a los dados to play dice

2 (Arquit) dado
dar ( conjugate dar) verbo transitivo
1
a) ( entregar) to give;

◊ dale las llaves a Pedro give the keys to Pedro;

déme un kilo de peras can I have a kilo of pears?;
See Also→ conocer verbo transitivo 3 b, entender verbo transitivo
b) ‹cartas/mano› to give

2
a) (donar, regalar) ‹sangre/limosna› to give;

◊ me dio su reloj she gave me her watch

b) ( proporcionar) ‹fuerzas/valor/esperanza› to give;

‹información/idea› to give
3
a) (conferir, aportar) ‹sabor/color/forma› to give

b) ( aplicar) ‹mano de pintura/barniz› to give

c) ‹sedante/masaje› to give

4 ( conceder) ‹prórroga/permiso› to give;
◊ el dentista me dio hora para el miércoles I have an appointment with the dentist on Wednesday;

nos dieron un premio we won o got a prize
5
a) (expresar, decir) ‹parecer/opinón› to give;

◊ ¿le diste las gracias? did you thank him?, did you say thank you?;

dales saludos give/send them my regards;
tuve que dadole la noticia I was the one who had to break the news to him
b) (señalar, indicar): me da ocupado or (Esp) comunicando the line's busy o (BrE) engaged;

◊ el reloj dio las cinco the clock struck five

1
a) ( producir) ‹fruto/flor› to bear;

‹ dividendos› to pay;
◊ un negocio que da mucho dinero a business which makes a lot of money

b) (AmL) ( alcanzar hasta):

◊ da 150 kilómetros por hora it can do o go 150 kilometres an hour;

venía a todo lo que daba it was travelling at full speed;
ponen la radio a todo lo que da they turn the radio on full blast
2 (causar, provocar) ‹placer/susto› to give;
‹ problemas› to cause;
◊ dado trabajo to be hard work;

el calor le dio sueño/sed the heat made him sleepy/thirsty
1 ( presentar) ‹ concierto› to give;
◊ ¿qué dan esta noche en la tele? what's on TV tonight? (colloq);

¿dónde están dando esa película? where's that film showing?
2
a) ‹fiesta/conferencia› to give;

‹baile/banquete› to hold;
‹ discurso› (AmL) to make
b) (CS) ‹ examen› to take o (BrE) sit;

ver tb clase 4
( realizar la accion que se indica) ‹ grito› to give;
◊ dado un paso atrás to take a step back;

dame un beso give me a kiss;
ver tb golpe, paseo, vuelta, etc
( considerar) dado algo/a algn por algo:
◊ lo dieron por muerto they gave him up for dead;

ese tema lo doy por sabido I'm assuming you've already covered that topic;
¡dalo por hecho! consider it done!
verbo intransitivo
1
◊ dar a [ puerta] to give onto, open onto;

[ventana/balcón] to look onto, give onto;
[fachada/frente] to face
2 (ser suficiente, alcanzar) dado para algo/algn to be enough for sth/sb;
◊ no me dio (el) tiempo I didn't have time;

dado de sí ‹zapatos/jersey› to stretch
3 ( arrojar un resultado):
◊ el análisis le dio positivo her test was positive;

¿cuánto da la cuenta? what does it come to?;
a mí me dio 247 I made it (to be) 247
4 ( importar):
◊ da lo mismo it doesn't matter;

¡qué más da! what does it matter!;
¿qué más da? what difference does it make?;
me da igual I don't mind
5 ( en naipes) to deal
1
a) (pegar, golpear): dadole a algn to hit sb;

( como castigo) to smack sb;
◊ dale al balón kick the ball;

el balón dio en el poste the ball hit the post
b) ( acertar) to hit;

◊ dado en el blanco to hit the target

2 (accionar, mover) dadole a algo ‹a botón/tecla› to press sth;
‹ a interruptor› to flick sth;
‹a manivela/volante› to turn sth
3
◊ dar con ( encontrar) ‹ persona› to find;

‹ solución› to hit upon, find;
‹ palabra› to come up with
4 (hablando de manías, ocurrencias) dadole a algn por hacer algo ‹por pintar/cocinar› to take to doing sth;
◊ le ha dado por decir que … he's started saying that …

5 [sol/luz]:
◊ aquí da el sol toda la mañana you get the sun all morning here;

la luz le daba de lleno en los ojos the light was shining right in his eyes
darse verbo pronominal
1 ( producirse) [fruta/trigo] to grow
2 ( presentarse) [oportunidad/ocasión] to arise
3 ( resultar) (+ me/te/le etc):
◊ se le dan los idiomas she's good at languages

a) ( refl) ( realizar lo que se indica) ‹ducha/banquete› to have;

◊ dárselas de algo: se las da de valiente/de que sabe mucho he likes to make out he's brave/he knows a lot;

dárselas de listo to act smart
b) (golpearse, pegarse):

◊ se dio con el martillo en el dedo he hit his finger with the hammer;

se dieron contra un árbol they crashed into a tree;
se dio dado un golpe en la rodilla he hit his knee
( considerarse) dadose por algo:
◊ con eso me dadoía por satisfecha I'd be quite happy with that;

ver tb aludir a, enterado 1
dado,-a 1 adjetivo given
en un momento dado, at a certain point
♦ Locuciones: dado que, since, given that
ser dado a, (aficionado, propenso) to be given to: no es muy dado a contar batallitas, he is not really given to storytelling
dado 2 sustantivo masculino
1 frml die (pl dice)
2 (juego) dice (pl dice): se pasó la noche jugando a los dados, he spent the night playing dice
dar
I verbo transitivo
1 to give: dame la mano, hold my hand
2 (conceder) to give: mi padre me dio permiso, my father gave me permission
le doy toda la razón, I think he is quite right
3 (transmitir una noticia) to tell
(un recado, recuerdos) to pass on, give
dar las gracias, to thank
4 (retransmitir u ofrecer un espectáculo) to show, put on
5 (organizar una fiesta) to throw, give
6 (producir lana, miel, etc) to produce, yield
(fruto, flores) to bear
(beneficio, interés) to give, yield
7 (causar un dolor, malestar) dar dolor de cabeza, to give a headache
(un sentimiento) dar pena, to make sad
le da mucha vergüenza, he's very embarrassed
8 (proporcionar) to provide: su empresa da trabajo a cincuenta personas, his factory gives work to fifty people
9 (una conferencia, charla) to give
(impartir clases) to teach
(recibir una clase) to have
US to take
10 (presentir) me da (en la nariz/en el corazón) que eso va a salir bien, I have a feeling that everything is going to turn out well
11 (estropear) to ruin: me dio la noche con sus ronquidos, he spoilt my sleep with his snoring
12 (abrir el paso de la luz) to switch on
(del gas, agua) to turn on
13 (propinar una bofetada, un puntapié, etc) to hit, give
14 (aplicar una mano de pintura, cera) to apply, put on
(un masaje, medicamento) to give
15 (considerar) dar por, to assume, consider: lo dieron por muerto, he was given up for dead
ese dinero lo puedes dar por perdido, you can consider that money lost
dar por supuesto/sabido, to take for granted, to assume
16 (la hora, un reloj) to strike: aún no habían dado las ocho, it was not yet past eight o'clock
17 (realizar la acción que implica el objeto) dar un abrazo/susto, to give a hug/fright
dar un paseo, to go for a walk
dar una voz, to give a shout
II verbo intransitivo
1 (sobrevenir) le dio un ataque de nervios, she had an attack of hysterics
2 dar de comer/cenar, to provide with lunch/dinner 3 dar a, (mirar, estar orientado a) to look out onto, to overlook
(una puerta) to open onto, lead to: esa puerta da al jardín, this door leads out onto the garden 4 dar con, (una persona, objeto) to come across: no fuimos capaces de dar con la contraseña, we couldn't come up with the password
dimos con él, we found him 5 dar de sí, (una camiseta, bañador) to stretch, give 6 dar en, to hit: el sol me daba en los ojos, the sun was (shining) in my eyes 7 dar para, to be enough o sufficient for: ese dinero no me da para nada, this money isn't enough for me
♦ Locuciones: dar a alguien por: le dio por ponerse a cantar, she decided to start singing
le dio por nadar, he got it into his head to go swimming
dar a entender a alguien que..., to make sb understand that...
dar la mano a alguien, to shake hands with sb
dar para: el presupuesto no da para más, the budget will not stretch any further
dar que hablar, to set people talking
dar que pensar: el suceso dio que pensar, the incident gave people food for thought
dar a conocer, (noticia) to release
' dado' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
anda
- bebida
- cabezazo
- calendario
- como quiera
- comoquiera
- coscorrón
- cuscurro
- dar
- dada
- devolución
- dialéctica
- encargo
- excarcelar
- excedencia
- giro
- golpetazo
- humanizar
- meneo
- mollera
- momento
- muerdo
- negativa
- negativo
- Nobel
- paliza
- retoque
- tralla
- baja
- calambre
- cambio
- desmedido
- disgusto
- manía
English:
censor
- fright
- giggly
- given
- jump
- publicity
- stroke
- take back
- view
- cube
- dice
- die
- honorable
- name
- onto
- reclusive
- unaccounted for
- weal
- wear

* * *

dado¹, -a

♦ adj

1. [concreto, determinado] given;

en un momento dado [en el tiempo] at a certain o given point

2. [teniendo en cuenta] given, in view of;
Mat [en problemas, ejercicios] given;
dadas las circunstancias, me veo obligada a dimitir in view of the circumstances, I am forced to resign;

dada su edad in view of o given his age;
Mat
dado un punto A en el eje X… given a point A on axis X…

3.
ser dado a [ser proclive a] to be inclined o given to;

los niños son muy dados a inventar historias children are always making up stories;

es muy dado a viajar he's a keen traveller;

somos dados a la conversación we chat a lot

4. RP
ser muy dado [extrovertido] to be very outgoing

5. Comp
Esp Fam
ir dado: vas dado si crees que te voy a ayudar if you think I'm going to help you, you can think again;

con el nuevo jefe vamos dados we're in for it with this new boss;

voy dado como no me eches una mano if you don't give me a hand, I've had it

♦ dado que loc conj

since, seeing as;

dado que somos tan pocos, se suspende la reunión seeing as there are so few of us here, the meeting is adjourned

dado² nm

1. [para jugar] dice, die;

echar o [m5] lanzar o [m5] tirar los dados to throw the dice;

jugar a los dados to play dice

2. [de comida] cube;

cortar en dados [patatas, zanahorias] to dice;

una vez tostado el pan, córtelo en dados once the bread is toasted, cut it into cubes

3. Arquit dado

* * *

dado

1 m dice;

jugar a los dados play dice

dado

2

I part → dar

II adj given;

ser dado a algo be given to sth

III conj

:

dado que since, given that

IV prp given

* * *

dado, -da adj

1) : given

2)

dado que : given that, since

* * *

dado n dice [pl. dice]

Spanish-English dictionary > dado
9 dado1

¹ = given.

Ex. The notation for any given geographical division varies between classes and between different parts of the same classes.

----

* dada la situación = in the circumstances.

* dadas las circunstancias = in the circumstances, under the circumstances.

* dado a recluirse = reclusive.

* dado a recortar presupuestos = budget-cutting.

* dado de baja = written-off.

* dado por hecho = foregone.

* dado por muerto = presumed dead.

* dado que = seeing that/as, on account of.

* en un momento dado = at any given moment, at a given point in time, at a given moment in time, at a given moment.

* ponencia dada por invitado especial = key paper.

* ser dado a = be amenable to, be apt to.

* solución dada = cut-and-dried solution.

Spanish-English dictionary > dado1
10 reducción

f.

1 reduction, decrease, decline, fall.

2 curtailment, deescalation, cut, cutback.

* * *

reducción

► nombre femenino

1 reduction

* * *

noun f.

reduction

* * *

SF

1) (=disminución)

a) [de cantidad, precios, consumo, tamaño] reduction

una reducción del número de atentados — a reduction in the number of terrorist attacks

una reducción del gasto público — a cut o reduction in public spending

una reducción en el tamaño de los envases — a reduction in the size of containers

estudian nuevas reducciones de personal — they are considering new staff cuts o reductions in staff

b) [de tiempo] reduction

la reducción a cinco años del mandato presidencial — the reduction of the presidential term to five years

los sindicatos piden la reducción de la jornada laboral — they unions are calling for a shorter working day

reducción de jornada — reduction of working hours

reducción del activo — divestment

reducciones presupuestarias — budget cuts

reducciones salariales — wage cuts

2) (Mat) (=conversión) [de unidades, medidas] conversion; [de ecuaciones] reduction

3) [de rebeldes] defeat

4) (Med) setting, reduction frm

5) Chile [de indígenas] reservation ( of natives)

6) LAm ( Hist) settlement of Christianized Indians

* * *

femenino

1)

a) ( disminución) reduction

la reducción del precio del pan — the reduction in o lowering of the price of bread

reducción de impuestos — tax cuts, reduction in taxes

se solicitó la reducción de la pena — they asked for the sentence to be commuted o reduced

b) (Fot) reduction

2) (Mat, Quím, Med) reduction

3) (Chi) ( de indígenas) reservation

* * *

= compression, curtailment, cutting, reduction, shrinkage, contraction, dilution, diminution, abatement, slashing, ebbing, depletion, narrowing, cut, effacement, drawdown, mark-down.

Nota: Generalmente referido a los precios.

Ex. The compression keys are built for all main and added entry combinations appropriate to a record.

Ex. This paper emphasises the need for booksellers to keep informed of new developments and of the danger of curtailment of present activities, but also to be prepared to experiment.

Ex. This article concludes that cutting the number of words could lead to undesirable impoverishing of data bases rendering them useless as an independent source of information.

Ex. A scheme should allow reduction, to take out subjects and their subdivisions which are no longer used.

Ex. DBMS systems aim to allow data to be re-organised to accommodate growth, shrinkage and so on.

Ex. The euphoric years of affluence and expansion in the decades immediately following the midpoint of the century have given way to traumatic years of austerity and contraction.

Ex. The good novelist is therefore an author with a wide appeal but this wide appeal is not attained, or even sought, through a dilution of quality; it is simply that this type of writer has a different sort of skill.

Ex. Most adults feel the awakening of interest in biography and a diminution at the same time of the fondness for fiction.

Ex. The asbestos literature is discussed under its industrial, medical, legal, control and abatement aspects.

Ex. But more to the point, the claim that 2 1/2 million jobs depend on slashing red tape is a misrepresentation of a CBI survey carried out in advance of the UK general election of 1983.

Ex. The article is entitled 'The ebbing of municipal documents and the flow of public information in New York'.

Ex. Results indicated that there will be a serious depletion of resources in library schools before the year 2001.

Ex. The narrowing of the curriculum has implications for the future.

Ex. Cuts in the 1988 budget have resulted in cuts in opening hours, staff hours, and book budget.

Ex. Meanwhile a coalition of cells has been effected at intervals through the effacement of their walls.

Ex. Commanders in Iraq have decided to begin the drawdown of U.S. forces in volatile Diyala province, marking a turning point in the U.S. military mission.

Ex. Customers will be charged either a mark-up or a mark-down, depending on whether they are buying or selling.

----

* escala de reducción = reduction ratio.

* mamoplastía de reducción = reduction mammoplasty.

* mecanismo de reducción de situaciones difíciles = threat-reduction mechanism.

* reducción al mínimo = minimisation [minimization, -USA].

* reducción de costes = cost saving [cost-saving].

* reducción de gastos = cost cutting, cost saving [cost-saving], cost reduction.

* reducción de impuestos = tax cut.

* reducción de la cuota de los países endeudados = debt relief.

* reducción de la deuda externa = debt relief.

* reducción de las diferencias entre... y = narrowing gap between... and, narrowing of the gap between... and.

* reducción de los precios = price cut.

* reducción de los tipos de interés = rate cut, interest-rate cut.

* reducción de pecho = breast reduction.

* reducción de personal = staff cutbacks, downsizing.

* reducción de plantilla = downsizing.

* reducción de precios = pricecutting.

* reducción de tipo impositivo = tax abatement.

* reducción de una palabra a su raíz = stemming.

* reducciones presupuestarias = budgetary restrictions.

* reducción fiscal = tax cut.

* reducción para piano = piano score.

* reducción presupuestaria = budget reduction, budgetary constraint.

* reducción tributaria = tax reduction.

* * *

femenino

1)

a) ( disminución) reduction

la reducción del precio del pan — the reduction in o lowering of the price of bread

reducción de impuestos — tax cuts, reduction in taxes

se solicitó la reducción de la pena — they asked for the sentence to be commuted o reduced

b) (Fot) reduction

2) (Mat, Quím, Med) reduction

3) (Chi) ( de indígenas) reservation

* * *

= compression, curtailment, cutting, reduction, shrinkage, contraction, dilution, diminution, abatement, slashing, ebbing, depletion, narrowing, cut, effacement, drawdown, mark-down.

Nota: Generalmente referido a los precios.

Ex: The compression keys are built for all main and added entry combinations appropriate to a record.

Ex: This paper emphasises the need for booksellers to keep informed of new developments and of the danger of curtailment of present activities, but also to be prepared to experiment.

Ex: This article concludes that cutting the number of words could lead to undesirable impoverishing of data bases rendering them useless as an independent source of information.

Ex: A scheme should allow reduction, to take out subjects and their subdivisions which are no longer used.

Ex: DBMS systems aim to allow data to be re-organised to accommodate growth, shrinkage and so on.

Ex: The euphoric years of affluence and expansion in the decades immediately following the midpoint of the century have given way to traumatic years of austerity and contraction.

Ex: The good novelist is therefore an author with a wide appeal but this wide appeal is not attained, or even sought, through a dilution of quality; it is simply that this type of writer has a different sort of skill.

Ex: Most adults feel the awakening of interest in biography and a diminution at the same time of the fondness for fiction.

Ex: The asbestos literature is discussed under its industrial, medical, legal, control and abatement aspects.

Ex: But more to the point, the claim that 2 1/2 million jobs depend on slashing red tape is a misrepresentation of a CBI survey carried out in advance of the UK general election of 1983.

Ex: The article is entitled 'The ebbing of municipal documents and the flow of public information in New York'.

Ex: Results indicated that there will be a serious depletion of resources in library schools before the year 2001.

Ex: The narrowing of the curriculum has implications for the future.

Ex: Cuts in the 1988 budget have resulted in cuts in opening hours, staff hours, and book budget.

Ex: Meanwhile a coalition of cells has been effected at intervals through the effacement of their walls.

Ex: Commanders in Iraq have decided to begin the drawdown of U.S. forces in volatile Diyala province, marking a turning point in the U.S. military mission.

Ex: Customers will be charged either a mark-up or a mark-down, depending on whether they are buying or selling.

* escala de reducción = reduction ratio.

* mamoplastía de reducción = reduction mammoplasty.

* mecanismo de reducción de situaciones difíciles = threat-reduction mechanism.

* reducción al mínimo = minimisation [minimization, -USA].

* reducción de costes = cost saving [cost-saving].

* reducción de gastos = cost cutting, cost saving [cost-saving], cost reduction.

* reducción de impuestos = tax cut.

* reducción de la cuota de los países endeudados = debt relief.

* reducción de la deuda externa = debt relief.

* reducción de las diferencias entre... y = narrowing gap between... and, narrowing of the gap between... and.

* reducción de los precios = price cut.

* reducción de los tipos de interés = rate cut, interest-rate cut.

* reducción de pecho = breast reduction.

* reducción de personal = staff cutbacks, downsizing.

* reducción de plantilla = downsizing.

* reducción de precios = pricecutting.

* reducción de tipo impositivo = tax abatement.

* reducción de una palabra a su raíz = stemming.

* reducciones presupuestarias = budgetary restrictions.

* reducción fiscal = tax cut.

* reducción para piano = piano score.

* reducción presupuestaria = budget reduction, budgetary constraint.

* reducción tributaria = tax reduction.

* * *

reducción

feminine

A

1

(disminución): reducción de gastos reduction in costs

la reducción del precio del pan the reduction in o lowering of the price of bread

no habrá reducción de los impuestos there will be no tax cuts o no reduction in taxes

una reducción del personal a reduction o cutback in the workforce

se ha producido una reducción en el consumo de tabaco there has been a reduction o drop in tobacco consumption

una reducción de tres horas semanales a reduction of three hours a week

se solicitó la reducción de la pena they asked for the sentence to be commuted o reduced

2 ( Fot) reduction

B

1 ( Mat) reduction

2 ( Quím) reduction

C (de una ciudad) conquest; (de los rebeldes, enemigos) defeat

D

1 ( Hist) settlement of Indians converted to Christianity

2 ( Chi) (de indígenas) reservation

E (de una fractura) setting, reduction ( tech)

F (CS) (de un cadáver) exhumation ( for reburial in a niche or smaller coffin)

* * *

reducción sustantivo femenino
reduction;
◊ reducción de impuestos tax cuts, reduction in taxes;

una reducción de personal a reduction o cutback in the workforce
reducción sustantivo femenino reduction
reducción de plantilla, streamlining

' reducción' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
contrapartida
- polvareda
- rebaja
- despedir
English:
cut
- cutback
- decrease
- reduction
- redundant
- remission
- retrenchment
- board

* * *

reducción nf

1. [disminución] reduction;

piden la reducción de la jornada laboral they are asking for working hours to be shortened;

se ha producido una reducción de los precios de 5 puntos porcentuales prices have gone down o fallen by 5 percent

Comp
reducción al absurdo reductio ad absurdum;
reducción de condena remission;

reducción de gastos cost cutting;

han anunciado una reducción de gastos they have announced that they are going to cut costs;

reducción de jornada: [m5] estar en reducción de jornada to work part-time;

reducción de precios [acción] price-cutting;
[resultado] price cut;
reducción tributaria tax cut

2. [sometimiento] [de rebelión] suppression;
[de ejército] defeat
3. Med [de fractura] reduction

4. Quím reduction

5. Hist = settlement of Indians converted to Christianity

6. RP [de cadáver] exhumation [for reburial of bones in smaller container]

* * *

reducción

f

1 reduction;

reducción de empleo job cuts pl ;

reducción de impuestos tax cut;

reducción de la jornada laboral shortening of the working day;

reducción de personal o

plantilla cutbacks pl, job cuts pl

2 MED setting

* * *

reducción nf, pl - ciones : reduction, decrease

* * *

reducción n reduction

Spanish-English dictionary > reducción
11 gasto

m.

1 spending (dinero gastado).

el gasto de energía energy consumption

el gasto educativo/militar spending on education/defense (de país)

los gastos de la casa household expenses

cubrir gastos to cover costs, to break even

no reparar en gastos to spare no expense

gastos corrientes running cost

gasto deducible tax-deductible expense

gasto de defensa defense spending

gasto de desplazamiento relocation expenses, settling-in allowance

gastos de envío postage and packing

gastos fijos fixed charges o costs

gastos generales general expenses, overhead costs

gastos de mantenimiento maintenance costs

gasto público public expenditure

gastos de representación entertainment allowance

gastos de viaje travel expenses

2 expense, expenditure, expenses, spending.

3 output.

pres.indicat.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: gastar.

* * *

gasto

► nombre masculino

1 expenditure, expense

■ este mes el gasto de agua se ha disparado expenditure on water has shot up this month

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

gastos de mantenimiento running costs, maintenance costs

gastos de representación entertainment allowance sing

gastos diarios daily expenses

* * *

noun m.

expense, expenditure

* * *

SM

1) [de dinero]

la inversión nos supondría un gasto de varios millones — the investment would involve an expense o expenditure of several million

tenemos que reducir el gasto — we must cut costs o spending

no tenías que haberte metido en tanto gasto — you needn't have spent so much

gasto militar — military spending, military expenditure

gasto público — public spending, public expenditure

gasto sanitario — health spending, health expenditure

gasto social — welfare spending, welfare expenditure

2) pl gastos expenses

este dinero es para tus gastos — this money is for your expenses

este mes he tenido muchos gastos — I have had a lot of expenses this month

un viaje con todos los gastos pagados — an all-expenses-paid trip

cubrir gastos — to cover (one's) costs

gastos administrativos — administrative costs

gastos bancarios — bank charges

gastos comerciales — business expenses

gastos corrientes — [en empresa] running costs; [en la Administración] revenue expenditure sing

gastos de administración — administrative costs

gastos de comunidad — service charges

gastos de conservación — maintenance costs

gastos de correo — postal charges

gastos de defensa — defence spending sing, defense spending sing (EEUU)

gastos de desplazamiento — [por viaje] travelling expenses, traveling expenses (EEUU); [por mudanza] relocation allowance sing

gastos de distribución — distribution costs

gastos de entrega — delivery charge sing

gastos de envío — postage and packing sing, postage and handling sing (EEUU)

gastos de explotación — operating costs

gastos de flete — freight charges

gastos de mantenimiento — maintenance costs

gastos de representación — entertainment allowance sing

gastos de servicio — service charge sing

gastos de tramitación — handling charge sing

gastos de transporte — [de personal] travelling expenses, traveling expenses (EEUU); [de mercancías] freight charges

gastos de viaje — travelling expenses, traveling expenses (EEUU)

gastos fijos — fixed charges

gastos generales — overheads, overhead sing (EEUU)

gastos menores (de caja) — petty cash expenses

gastos operacionales — operating costs

gastos vendidos — accrued charges

3) [de gas] flow, rate of flow

* * *

masculino expense

supondría un gasto de un millón — it would cost a million

este mes he tenido muchos gastos — this has been an expensive month for me

los gastos del juicio — the legal costs

restringir gastos — to limit expenditure

- gasto público

- gastos bancarios

- gastos de correo

- gastos de envío

- gastos fijos or estructurales

- gastos varios

* * *

= cost, expense, spending, outlay.

Ex. If some records are acquired by only a limited number of libraries, it will be difficult to recoup the cost of creating and maintaining these records.

Ex. At an earlier stage, the Library of Congress had decided to retain certain pre-AACR headings, in order to avoid the expense of extensive recataloguing.

Ex. Whereas this proportion is dwindling as a percentage of the total budget, agricultural spending continues to rise in real terms.

Ex. Educative work must continue to be publicised and libraries must make greater outlays of funds and staff.

----

* ahorro de gastos = savings in costs.

* central de gastos = budget fund, budget head, budget heading.

* compras fuera de acuerdos con proveedores = maverick spending.

* con cierto gasto = at some expense.

* congelar los gastos = freeze + expenditure.

* contener los gastos = contain + costs.

* controlar los gastos = control + costs, contain + costs.

* con un gasto mínimo = at minimal expense.

* con unos gastos menores = at a reduced expense.

* correr con los gastos = bear + the cost(s), bear + the cost(s), pick up + the tab, pay + the piper.

* corriendo con los gastos = at + Posesivo + own expense.

* costear los gastos de Algo = pay + Posesivo + way.

* cubrir gastos = allow for + costs, cover + costs.

* dieta para gastos de manutención = per diem food allowance, per diem, expense allowance.

* dinero de sobra para otros gastos = disposable income.

* dinero para gastos = per diem allowance.

* dinero para gastos imprevistos = cash float, petty cash.

* dinero para gastos iniciales = seeding money, seed money.

* dinero para gastos personales = pocket change, pocket money.

* dinero para pequeños gastos = out of pocket allowance.

* exceso de gastos = overrun [over-run], cost overrun.

* fondo para gastos de funcionamiento = operating funds.

* frenar el gasto público = curb + public spending.

* gasto adicional = hidden extra.

* gasto considerable = considerable expense.

* gasto de dinero = expenditure of money.

* gasto deducible = tax deduction, income-tax deduction.

* gasto de empresa = business expense.

* gasto de gestión = administration fee.

* gasto descontrolado = runaway spending.

* gasto desgravable = tax deduction.

* gasto en comida = food bill.

* gasto excesivo = overspending, overexpenditure.

* gasto innecesario de = drain on.

* gasto militar = military expenditure.

* gasto público = public expenditure, government spending, government expenditure.

* gastos = expenditure, outgoings.

* gastos adicionales = overhead.

* gastos + correr a cuenta de = bear + the cost(s).

* gastos de alojamiento = lodging expenses, lodging costs.

* gastos de avión = airfare [air fare].

* gastos de calefacción = heating costs.

* gastos de cancelación = cancellation fees.

* gastos de capital = capital costs, capital investment, capital expenditure.

* gastos de demora = demurrage.

* gastos de desplazamiento = travel costs, travelling expenses, travel expenses.

* gastos de envío = postage, shipping costs, shipping and handling, shipping charges.

* gastos de estructura = overhead.

* gastos de funcionamiento = operating costs, operating expenditure, operational costs, operating expenses, recurrent expenditure.

* gastos de gestión = handling fee.

* gastos de libros = book expenditure.

* gastos de matrícula = tuition, registration fee(s), tuition fee(s).

* gastos de refrigeración = cooling costs.

* gastos de transporte = freight charges.

* gastos de viaje = travelling expenses, travel expenses.

* gastos directos = direct costs.

* gastos en personal = staff costs.

* gastos en sustitución de material = replacement costs.

* gastos generales = overhead.

* gastos indirectos = overhead, indirect costs.

* gastos que no suponen un gran desembolso de dinero = out-of-pocket costs.

* gastos varios = sundries.

* hacer frente a gastos = meet + expenses.

* hacer frente a un gasto = meet + cost.

* incurrir en gastos = incur + costs, incur + charges, incur + expense, undertake + expenditure.

* no escatimar gastos = go to + town on, lash out (on).

* no reparar en gastos = go to + town on, lash out (on).

* pagarse + Posesivo + propios gastos = pay + Posesivo + own way.

* para cubrir gastos = on a cost-recovery basis.

* partición de gastos = cost sharing [cost-sharing].

* partida para gastos de funcionamiento = operating budget, operating funds.

* presupuesto para gastos de funcionamiento = operating budget, operating funds.

* recortar gastos = cut + expenditure, cut + expenses.

* recuperar gastos = recoup + costs, recoup against + costs.

* reducción de gastos = cost cutting, cost saving [cost-saving], cost reduction.

* reducir gastos = cut + costs, cut + spending, make + economies, make + cuts, reduce + costs.

* sin gastos = no cost(s).

* sufragar gastos = meet + expenses, defray + costs.

* sufragar un gasto = meet + cost.

* tasa para cubrir gastos = cost-recovery fee.

* tener gastos = incur + costs.

* tener gastos generales = incur + overheads.

* usar como gasto deducible = write off.

* * *

masculino expense

supondría un gasto de un millón — it would cost a million

este mes he tenido muchos gastos — this has been an expensive month for me

los gastos del juicio — the legal costs

restringir gastos — to limit expenditure

- gasto público

- gastos bancarios

- gastos de correo

- gastos de envío

- gastos fijos or estructurales

- gastos varios

* * *

= cost, expense, spending, outlay.

Ex: If some records are acquired by only a limited number of libraries, it will be difficult to recoup the cost of creating and maintaining these records.

Ex: At an earlier stage, the Library of Congress had decided to retain certain pre-AACR headings, in order to avoid the expense of extensive recataloguing.

Ex: Whereas this proportion is dwindling as a percentage of the total budget, agricultural spending continues to rise in real terms.

Ex: Educative work must continue to be publicised and libraries must make greater outlays of funds and staff.

* ahorro de gastos = savings in costs.

* central de gastos = budget fund, budget head, budget heading.

* compras fuera de acuerdos con proveedores = maverick spending.

* con cierto gasto = at some expense.

* congelar los gastos = freeze + expenditure.

* contener los gastos = contain + costs.

* controlar los gastos = control + costs, contain + costs.

* con un gasto mínimo = at minimal expense.

* con unos gastos menores = at a reduced expense.

* correr con los gastos = bear + the cost(s), bear + the cost(s), pick up + the tab, pay + the piper.

* corriendo con los gastos = at + Posesivo + own expense.

* costear los gastos de Algo = pay + Posesivo + way.

* cubrir gastos = allow for + costs, cover + costs.

* dieta para gastos de manutención = per diem food allowance, per diem, expense allowance.

* dinero de sobra para otros gastos = disposable income.

* dinero para gastos = per diem allowance.

* dinero para gastos imprevistos = cash float, petty cash.

* dinero para gastos iniciales = seeding money, seed money.

* dinero para gastos personales = pocket change, pocket money.

* dinero para pequeños gastos = out of pocket allowance.

* exceso de gastos = overrun [over-run], cost overrun.

* fondo para gastos de funcionamiento = operating funds.

* frenar el gasto público = curb + public spending.

* gasto adicional = hidden extra.

* gasto considerable = considerable expense.

* gasto de dinero = expenditure of money.

* gasto deducible = tax deduction, income-tax deduction.

* gasto de empresa = business expense.

* gasto de gestión = administration fee.

* gasto descontrolado = runaway spending.

* gasto desgravable = tax deduction.

* gasto en comida = food bill.

* gasto excesivo = overspending, overexpenditure.

* gasto innecesario de = drain on.

* gasto militar = military expenditure.

* gasto público = public expenditure, government spending, government expenditure.

* gastos = expenditure, outgoings.

* gastos adicionales = overhead.

* gastos + correr a cuenta de = bear + the cost(s).

* gastos de alojamiento = lodging expenses, lodging costs.

* gastos de avión = airfare [air fare].

* gastos de calefacción = heating costs.

* gastos de cancelación = cancellation fees.

* gastos de capital = capital costs, capital investment, capital expenditure.

* gastos de demora = demurrage.

* gastos de desplazamiento = travel costs, travelling expenses, travel expenses.

* gastos de envío = postage, shipping costs, shipping and handling, shipping charges.

* gastos de estructura = overhead.

* gastos de funcionamiento = operating costs, operating expenditure, operational costs, operating expenses, recurrent expenditure.

* gastos de gestión = handling fee.

* gastos de libros = book expenditure.

* gastos de matrícula = tuition, registration fee(s), tuition fee(s).

* gastos de refrigeración = cooling costs.

* gastos de transporte = freight charges.

* gastos de viaje = travelling expenses, travel expenses.

* gastos directos = direct costs.

* gastos en personal = staff costs.

* gastos en sustitución de material = replacement costs.

* gastos generales = overhead.

* gastos indirectos = overhead, indirect costs.

* gastos que no suponen un gran desembolso de dinero = out-of-pocket costs.

* gastos varios = sundries.

* hacer frente a gastos = meet + expenses.

* hacer frente a un gasto = meet + cost.

* incurrir en gastos = incur + costs, incur + charges, incur + expense, undertake + expenditure.

* no escatimar gastos = go to + town on, lash out (on).

* no reparar en gastos = go to + town on, lash out (on).

* pagarse + Posesivo + propios gastos = pay + Posesivo + own way.

* para cubrir gastos = on a cost-recovery basis.

* partición de gastos = cost sharing [cost-sharing].

* partida para gastos de funcionamiento = operating budget, operating funds.

* presupuesto para gastos de funcionamiento = operating budget, operating funds.

* recortar gastos = cut + expenditure, cut + expenses.

* recuperar gastos = recoup + costs, recoup against + costs.

* reducción de gastos = cost cutting, cost saving [cost-saving], cost reduction.

* reducir gastos = cut + costs, cut + spending, make + economies, make + cuts, reduce + costs.

* sin gastos = no cost(s).

* sufragar gastos = meet + expenses, defray + costs.

* sufragar un gasto = meet + cost.

* tasa para cubrir gastos = cost-recovery fee.

* tener gastos = incur + costs.

* tener gastos generales = incur + overheads.

* usar como gasto deducible = write off.

* * *

gasto

masculine

expense

un gasto innecesario an unnecessary expense

los gastos de la casa household expenses

toma este dinero para tus gastos have this money for your expenses

el arreglo supondría un gasto de medio millón it would cost half a million to repair

nos hemos metido en muchos gastos we've incurred a lot of expense

este mes he tenido muchos gastos this has been an expensive month for me o I've spent a lot of money this month

tuvo que pagar los gastos del juicio she had to pay the legal costs

no me compensa el gasto de tiempo it isn't worth my while spending the time on it

restringir gastos to limit expenditure

cubrir (los) gastos to cover (the) costs

gastos de defensa defense spending

Compuestos:

● gasto público

masculine:

el gasto público public expenditure

● gastos bancarios

mpl bank charges (pl)

● gastos de comunidad or (CS) comunes

mpl service charge

● gastos de correo

mpl postage, postal charges (pl) ( BrE)

● gastos de desplazamiento

mpl traveling expenses (pl) ( AmE), travelling expenses (pl) ( BrE)

● gastos de envío

mpl postage and handling ( AmE), postage and packing ( BrE)

● gastos de explotación

mpl operating costs (pl)

● gastos de lobbying

mpl lobbying expenses (pl)

● gastos de mantenimiento

mpl maintenance costs (pl)

● gastos de notaría

mpl legal costs (pl)

● gastos de publicidad

mpl advertising costs (pl)

● gastos de representación

mpl expenses (pl)

● gastos de sanidad

mpl public health expenditure o costs

● gastos de seguro

mpl insurance costs (pl)

● gastos de transporte

mpl freight charges (pl)

● gastos de viaje

mpl travel expenses (pl)

● gastos fijos or estructurales

mpl overheads (pl)

● gastos generales

mpl general expenses (pl)

● gastos notariales

mpl gastos de notaría

● gastos varios

mpl sundries (pl); miscellaneous expenses (pl)

* * *

Del verbo gastar: ( conjugate gastar)

gasto es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

gastó es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

Multiple Entries:
gastar
gasto
gastar ( conjugate gastar) verbo transitivo
1 ( consumir)
a) ‹ dinero› to spend;

gasto algo en algo to spend sth on sth
b) ‹gasolina/electricidad› to use

2 (desperdiciar, malgastar) ‹dinero/tiempo/energía› to waste
3 ( desgastar) ‹ropa/zapatos› to wear out;
‹ tacones› to wear down
4 (fam) (llevar, usar) ‹ropa/gafas› to wear;
◊ gasto el 37 I'm a size 37

5 ‹ broma› to play;
◊ le gastoon una broma they played a joke o trick on him

gastarse verbo pronominal
1 ( enf) ‹ dinero› to spend
2 [pilas/batería] to run down;
◊ se me gastó la tinta I ran out of ink

3 [ropa/zapatos] ( desgastarse) to wear out
4 ( enf) (fam) ( tener) to have;
◊ se gasta un genio … he has a terrible temper!

gasto sustantivo masculino
expense;
◊ un gasto innecesario an unnecessary expense;

este mes he tenido muchos gastos this has been an expensive month for me;
el gasto público public expenditure;
gastos de correo postage;
gastos de envío postage and handling (AmE) o (BrE) packing
gastar verbo transitivo
1 (dinero, tiempo) to spend
(gasolina, energía) to consume
2 (desperdiciar) to waste
3 (terminar) to use up
4 (emplear, usar) (ropa, gafas, zapatos) to wear: gasta papel de cartas azul, he uses blue writing paper
5 le gastaron una broma, they played a joke on him
♦ Locuciones: gastarlas, to behave, act: procura no llevarte mal con el jefe, que no sabes como las gasta, tread carefully with the boss until you find out what sort of person she is
gasto sustantivo masculino
1 (cantidad de dinero) expenditure
(más en pl) gastos, expenses: este dinero es para tus gastos, this is your pocket money
comprarle libros es un gasto inútil, it's just not worth buying him books
casi no ganamos para cubrir gastos, we just don't earn enough to cover our expenses
no te preocupes, yo corro con los gastos, don't worry, I'll deal with the bills
gastos fijos, fixed costs
gastos imprevistos, unforeseen expenses
2 (uso, consumo) tenemos mucho gasto de luz, we consume a lot of electricity

' gasto' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
comprobante
- derroche
- desperdicio
- extra
- imprevista
- imprevisto
- papelería
- permitirse
- respetable
- salida
- sangría
- desembolso
- disparatado
- gastar
- insostenible
- moderar
- suprimir
English:
anticipate
- cover
- curtail
- expenditure
- expense
- extravagance
- face
- halve
- meet
- prank
- precedence
- restraint
- winnings
- size
- spending

* * *

gasto nm
[dinero gastado] spending; [costo] expense;
el gasto de energía energy consumption;

el gasto educativo/militar [de país] spending on education/defence;

los gastos de la casa household expenses;

mis padres me dan dinero para mis gastos my parents give me pocket money;

correr con los gastos (de algo) to meet o bear the cost (of sth), to pay (for sth);

cubrir gastos to cover costs, to break even;

no reparar en gastos to spare no expense

Comp
gastos de aduana customs charges;
gastos de alojamiento accommodation allowance;
Fin gasto amortizable capitalized expense; CSur gastos comunes service charge;
gastos de comunidad service charge;
Com gastos corrientes running costs; Fin gasto deducible tax-deductible expense;
gastos de desplazamiento relocation expenses, settling-in allowance;
Com gastos diversos sundries;
gastos de envío [entre empresas] shipping charges;
[personales] postage and Br packing o US handling; Com gastos de explotación operating costs; Com gastos fijos fixed charges o costs; [en una casa] overheads;
gastos financieros financing charges;
Com gastos generales overheads, overhead costs; Fin gastos de gestión handling charges;
gastos de mantenimiento maintenance costs;

gastos de personal personnel expenses, staffing costs;

gasto público public o government expenditure;

gastos de representación entertainment allowance o expenses;
Fin gastos de tramitación handling charges;
gastos de transporte freight charges, transport costs;

gastos de viaje travelling expenses

* * *

gasto

m expense;

gastos expenses;

meterse en gastos spend money;

cubrir gastos cover one’s costs, break even;

pagar los gastos de juicio pay the costs; de viaje pay the expenses

* * *

gasto nm

1) : expense, expenditure

2) deterioro: wear

3)

gastos generales or

gastos indirectos : overhead

* * *

gasto n

1. (dinero) expense

haz un esfuerzo para moderar tus gastos make an effort to reduce your expenses

2. (de electricidad, agua, energía, etc) consumption

con todos los gastos pagados all expenses paid

correr con los gastos to pay for something [pt. & pp. paid]

cubrir gastos to cover costs

gastos de envío postage and packing

Spanish-English dictionary > gasto
12 reducir

v.

1 to reduce.

reduzca la velocidad reduce speed now (en letrero)

nos han reducido el sueldo our salary has been cut

reducir algo a algo to reduce something to something

reducir algo al absurdo to make a nonsense of something

Ella redujo la velocidad She reduced the speed.

2 to suppress, to subdue (someter) (país, ciudad).

3 to convert (Mat) (convertir).

4 to set (medicine).

5 to shorten, to shrink.

Ellos redujeron las tablas They shortened the boards.

6 to cut down, to depress, to de-escalate, to deescalate.

Ellos redujeron los gastos They cut down expenses.

7 to conquer, to subdue, to subjugate.

Ellos redujeron a los nativos They conquered the natives.

8 to hydrogenate.

* * *

reducir

Conjugation model [ CONDUCIR], like link=conducir conducir

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to reduce

■ reducir a cenizas to reduce to ashes

2 (disminuir) to reduce, cut, cut down on

■ reducir gastos to cut down on expenses

3 (vencer) to subdue

4 MEDICINA to set

5 (una salsa, etc) to reduce, boil down

► verbo intransitivo

1 AUTOMÓVIL to change down, change to a lower gear

► verbo pronominal reducirse

1 (gen) to be reduced; (decrecer) to decrease

2 (resultar) to come down (a, to)

■ todo se redujo a una equivocación it all came down to a mistake

* * *

verb

1) to reduce, cut

2) decrease

3) subdue

* * *

1. VT

1) (=disminuir)

a) [en cantidad] [+ gastos, inflación, precio] to reduce, bring down, cut; [+ tensión, ansiedad] to reduce; [+ riesgo] to reduce, lessen

medidas encaminadas a reducir el número de parados — measures designed to reduce o bring down o cut the number of unemployed

han reducido las listas de espera en los hospitales — they have reduced o cut hospital waiting lists

el autobús redujo su velocidad — the bus reduced speed, the bus slowed down

conviene reducir el consumo de grasas — it is advisable to cut down on fatty foods

el banco redujo su beneficio un 12% — the bank saw its profits fall by 12%

un tratamiento para reducir la celulitis — a treatment to reduce cellulite

• reducir algo en algo — to reduce sth by sth, cut sth by sth

tenemos que reducir la producción en un 20% — we have to reduce o cut production by 20%

• reducir a la mínima expresión — to reduce to the bare minimum

• reducir algo al mínimo — to reduce o cut sth to the minimum

• reducir algo a la mitad — to cut sth by half

b) [en tiempo] [+ jornada laboral] to reduce, shorten; [+ sentencia] to reduce

han reducido la mili a nueve meses — they have reduced o cut military service to nine months

sus abogados consiguieron reducir la sentencia a dos meses — his lawyers managed to get his sentence reduced to two months

c) [en tamaño] [+ copia] to reduce; [+ discurso, artículo] to cut down, shorten

2)

• reducir algo a algo —

a) (=limitar) to limit sth to sth; (=simplificar) to reduce sth to sth

redujo su intervención a criticar al gobierno — her participation was limited to criticizing the government

todo lo reduce a cosas materiales — he reduces everything to material terms

b) (=convertir) [+ cantidad, medida] to convert sth into sth; [+ fracción, ecuación] to reduce sth into sth

reducir un kilómetro a metros — to convert a kilometre into metres

el techo fue reducido a cenizas por el fuego — the roof was reduced to ashes by the fire

- reducir algo al absurdo

3) (=someter) [+ ladrón, fugitivo, loco] to overpower; [+ alborotadores] to subdue; [+ fortaleza] to subdue, reduce frm

entre los tres lograron reducir al atracador — the three of them managed to overpower the robber

• reducir a algn a la obediencia — to bring sb to heel

• reducir a algn al silencio — [por la fuerza, por miedo] to silence sb; [por vergüenza, humillación] to reduce sb to silence

4) (Med) [+ hueso, hernia] to set, reduce frm

5) (Quím) to reduce

6) LAm [en el mercado negro] to get rid of *

2.

VI (Aut) to change down

reduce a segunda — change down to second gear

3.

See:

reducirse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) <gastos/costos> to cut, reduce; <velocidad/producción/consumo> to reduce

reducir al mínimo los riesgos — to minimize o to reduce the risks to a minimum

debería reducir el consumo de sal — you should cut down on salt

le redujeron la pena — they shortened o reduced his sentence

reducir algo A algo — to reduce something to something

la población quedó reducida a la mitad — the population was halved

reducir algo a su mínima expresión — (Mat) to reduce something to its simplest form

reducir algo EN algo — to reduce something by something

reducir el gasto en cinco millones — to reduce costs by five million

b) <fotocopia/fotografía> to reduce

2)

a) ( transformar)

reducir algo A algo: reducir los gramos a milígramos to convert the grams to milligrams; quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes; mis ilusiones quedaron reducidas a la nada — my dreams came to nothing

b) (Quím) to reduce

c) (AmS) < objeto robado> to receive, fence (colloq)

3) ( dominar) <enemigo/rebeldes> to subdue; < ladrón> to overpower

reducir a un pueblo a la esclavitud — to reduce a people to slavery

4) <fractura/hernia> to set, reduce (tech)
2.
reducir vi

1) (Coc) to reduce, boil down

2) (Auto) to shift into a lower gear
3.
reducirse v pron

reducirse A algo: todo se reduce a tener tacto it all comes down to being tactful; todo se redujo a un paseo por el río — in the end it was just a walk by the river

* * *

= abridge, compress, contract, curtail, erode, gut, narrow, prune, reduce, shorten, stifle, lower, cut back (on), cut, cut down (on), deplete, lessen, pare down, keep down + Nombre, retrench, narrow down, whittle (away/down/at), slim down, slow down, slow up, taper, wind + Nombre + down, cut + Nombre + short, scale back, downgrade [down-grade], shave off, shrink, mark + Nombre + down.

Nota: Generalmente aplicado a los precios.

Ex. Inevitably any abridgement poses the dilemma how to abridge, that is, what to leave out and what to include.

Ex. A library of a million volumes could be compressed into one end of a desk.

Ex. In the face of emergencies, breadth of vision tends to contract, narrowing the range of responses.

Ex. The imposition of fee-based services may radically curtail the breadth of resources available to library users where historically information has been offered freely.

Ex. These arrangements should also erode price differentials between Europe and the US, and permit each country to support its own online services.

Ex. Prices of European produced scientific, technical and medical serials continue to gut US research libraries.

Ex. Hierarchical relationships must be indicated in order that the users may broaden or narrow the search parameters.

Ex. More balanced schedules were achieved by pruning the 31000 subjects enumerated in the fourteenth edition to 4700.

Ex. The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.

Ex. If there are holds on the title, the loan period is shortened to 14 days.

Ex. Excessive emphasis on the need to exact payment will stifle the flow of information.

Ex. When a forme was in place on the press stone, paper was lowered on to it by means of a tympan and frisket.

Ex. But higher education, which expanded between 1959 and 1979 from 164,000 to 519,600 students in full-time higher education, has also been cutting back on purchases.

Ex. 'The word's out: all departments have to cut their staffs by 10%' -- Her voice was weak and laden with woe.

Ex. Abstracts cut down considerably on legwork in hunting for information.

Ex. This intermediate grade would equate with the senior library assistant, a category much depleted in UK academic librarianship.

Ex. Two possible solutions are possible: (1) to lessen the frequency of production, or (2) to reduce the amount of detail in the entries.

Ex. He said again that we should pare it down to something much more in line with his figures.

Ex. Activities such as gardening or cookery are dealt with in many books in ways which go far beyond the simple keeping down of weeds or just filling empty stomachs.

Ex. In the face of overpublishing and growing scepticism, this once booming area is now retrenching and broadening its coverage = En vista del exceso de publicaciones y del creciente escepticismo, este área que una vez estuvo en auge ahora ha venido a menos.

Ex. By specifying the fields to be searched, the user can narrow down the search in a very convenient way.

Ex. However, such idealism is often whittled away over time by bureaucratic problems & organizational demands.

Ex. The abundance of book types and titles makes display and merchandising increasingly difficult; some booksellers are dealing with this by slimming down or cutting out certain categories.

Ex. However, the flight from DC appears to have slowed down more quickly than was anticipated, and we no longer read of large numbers of libraries making the change.

Ex. Since cataloging is the most time consuming part of digitization, it has slowed up the placement of files.

Ex. The tube in the two types tapers almost unnoticeably from base to tip.

Ex. Not the least of the ironies of this venture is that going ahead with it is as full of hazard as winding it down abruptly.

Ex. May I just cut you short, because I've discussed this problem with Peter Jacobs just this week.

Ex. He first spotted trouble when she started being short with users and so he solved the problem by scaling back her workload.

Ex. The opposite of the 'halo effect' -- downgrading someone you dislike but whose work is good -- is also an error.

Ex. You can shave off as much as 50% or even more from your current rate for home insurance in Arizona.

Ex. The 'false hit' problem still arises, but becomes less likely as the 'neighborhood' of the two words shrinks.

Ex. They have just marked down all summer handbags to 50 percent off.

----

* que reduce el estrés = stress-reducing.

* reducir a cero = reduce to + nil.

* reducir a la mitad = halve, cut in + half, halve, reduce by + half.

* reducir a la nada = reduce to + nil.

* reducir al mínimo = minimise [minimize, -USA], reduce to + a minimum, cut down to + a minimum, keep to + a (bare) minimum, cut to + the bone.

* reducir a lo mínimo = cut to + the bone.

* reducir a miniatura = miniaturise [miniaturize, -USA].

* reducir costes = reduce + costs.

* reducir de plantilla = downsize.

* reducir de tamaño = reduce in + size.

* reducir el esfuerzo = reduce + effort.

* reducir el impacto = minimise + impact.

* reducir el papeleo = slash + red tape.

* reducir el precio = reduce + price, cut + price.

* reducir el presupuesto = cut + monies from + budget.

* reducir el riesgo = reduce + risk.

* reducir el tamaño = reduce + size.

* reducir el tiempo = cut down + time.

* reducir el valor = reduce + value.

* reducir gastos = cut + costs, cut + spending, make + economies, make + cuts, reduce + costs.

* reducir gradualmente = scale down.

* reducir la burocracia = slash + red tape.

* reducir la posibilidad = minimise + possibility.

* reducir la probabilidad = reduce + chances.

* reducir las diferencias = bridge + the gap, bridge + the divide, bridge + the chasm, bridge + the gulf, close + the gap.

* reducir las diferencias entre... y = narrow + the gap between... and.

* reducir las distancias = reduce + distance, close + the gap.

* reducir las posibilidades de = narrow + the vision of.

* reducir los beneficios = cut + profit.

* reducir los impuestos = cut + taxes.

* reducir pérdidas = cut down + losses, cut + losses.

* reducir progresivamente = phase out.

* reducirse a = boil down to, come down to.

* reducirse poco a poco = dribble off.

* reducir una limitación = push + limits (further and further back).

* reducir una palabra a su raíz = stem.

* reducir un obstáculo = lower + barrier.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) <gastos/costos> to cut, reduce; <velocidad/producción/consumo> to reduce

reducir al mínimo los riesgos — to minimize o to reduce the risks to a minimum

debería reducir el consumo de sal — you should cut down on salt

le redujeron la pena — they shortened o reduced his sentence

reducir algo A algo — to reduce something to something

la población quedó reducida a la mitad — the population was halved

reducir algo a su mínima expresión — (Mat) to reduce something to its simplest form

reducir algo EN algo — to reduce something by something

reducir el gasto en cinco millones — to reduce costs by five million

b) <fotocopia/fotografía> to reduce

2)

a) ( transformar)

reducir algo A algo: reducir los gramos a milígramos to convert the grams to milligrams; quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes; mis ilusiones quedaron reducidas a la nada — my dreams came to nothing

b) (Quím) to reduce

c) (AmS) < objeto robado> to receive, fence (colloq)

3) ( dominar) <enemigo/rebeldes> to subdue; < ladrón> to overpower

reducir a un pueblo a la esclavitud — to reduce a people to slavery

4) <fractura/hernia> to set, reduce (tech)
2.
reducir vi

1) (Coc) to reduce, boil down

2) (Auto) to shift into a lower gear
3.
reducirse v pron

reducirse A algo: todo se reduce a tener tacto it all comes down to being tactful; todo se redujo a un paseo por el río — in the end it was just a walk by the river

* * *

= abridge, compress, contract, curtail, erode, gut, narrow, prune, reduce, shorten, stifle, lower, cut back (on), cut, cut down (on), deplete, lessen, pare down, keep down + Nombre, retrench, narrow down, whittle (away/down/at), slim down, slow down, slow up, taper, wind + Nombre + down, cut + Nombre + short, scale back, downgrade [down-grade], shave off, shrink, mark + Nombre + down.

Nota: Generalmente aplicado a los precios.

Ex: Inevitably any abridgement poses the dilemma how to abridge, that is, what to leave out and what to include.

Ex: A library of a million volumes could be compressed into one end of a desk.

Ex: In the face of emergencies, breadth of vision tends to contract, narrowing the range of responses.

Ex: The imposition of fee-based services may radically curtail the breadth of resources available to library users where historically information has been offered freely.

Ex: These arrangements should also erode price differentials between Europe and the US, and permit each country to support its own online services.

Ex: Prices of European produced scientific, technical and medical serials continue to gut US research libraries.

Ex: Hierarchical relationships must be indicated in order that the users may broaden or narrow the search parameters.

Ex: More balanced schedules were achieved by pruning the 31000 subjects enumerated in the fourteenth edition to 4700.

Ex: The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.

Ex: If there are holds on the title, the loan period is shortened to 14 days.

Ex: Excessive emphasis on the need to exact payment will stifle the flow of information.

Ex: When a forme was in place on the press stone, paper was lowered on to it by means of a tympan and frisket.

Ex: But higher education, which expanded between 1959 and 1979 from 164,000 to 519,600 students in full-time higher education, has also been cutting back on purchases.

Ex: 'The word's out: all departments have to cut their staffs by 10%' -- Her voice was weak and laden with woe.

Ex: Abstracts cut down considerably on legwork in hunting for information.

Ex: This intermediate grade would equate with the senior library assistant, a category much depleted in UK academic librarianship.

Ex: Two possible solutions are possible: (1) to lessen the frequency of production, or (2) to reduce the amount of detail in the entries.

Ex: He said again that we should pare it down to something much more in line with his figures.

Ex: Activities such as gardening or cookery are dealt with in many books in ways which go far beyond the simple keeping down of weeds or just filling empty stomachs.

Ex: In the face of overpublishing and growing scepticism, this once booming area is now retrenching and broadening its coverage = En vista del exceso de publicaciones y del creciente escepticismo, este área que una vez estuvo en auge ahora ha venido a menos.

Ex: By specifying the fields to be searched, the user can narrow down the search in a very convenient way.

Ex: However, such idealism is often whittled away over time by bureaucratic problems & organizational demands.

Ex: The abundance of book types and titles makes display and merchandising increasingly difficult; some booksellers are dealing with this by slimming down or cutting out certain categories.

Ex: However, the flight from DC appears to have slowed down more quickly than was anticipated, and we no longer read of large numbers of libraries making the change.

Ex: Since cataloging is the most time consuming part of digitization, it has slowed up the placement of files.

Ex: The tube in the two types tapers almost unnoticeably from base to tip.

Ex: Not the least of the ironies of this venture is that going ahead with it is as full of hazard as winding it down abruptly.

Ex: May I just cut you short, because I've discussed this problem with Peter Jacobs just this week.

Ex: He first spotted trouble when she started being short with users and so he solved the problem by scaling back her workload.

Ex: The opposite of the 'halo effect' -- downgrading someone you dislike but whose work is good -- is also an error.

Ex: You can shave off as much as 50% or even more from your current rate for home insurance in Arizona.

Ex: The 'false hit' problem still arises, but becomes less likely as the 'neighborhood' of the two words shrinks.

Ex: They have just marked down all summer handbags to 50 percent off.

* que reduce el estrés = stress-reducing.

* reducir a cero = reduce to + nil.

* reducir a la mitad = halve, cut in + half, halve, reduce by + half.

* reducir a la nada = reduce to + nil.

* reducir al mínimo = minimise [minimize, -USA], reduce to + a minimum, cut down to + a minimum, keep to + a (bare) minimum, cut to + the bone.

* reducir a lo mínimo = cut to + the bone.

* reducir a miniatura = miniaturise [miniaturize, -USA].

* reducir costes = reduce + costs.

* reducir de plantilla = downsize.

* reducir de tamaño = reduce in + size.

* reducir el esfuerzo = reduce + effort.

* reducir el impacto = minimise + impact.

* reducir el papeleo = slash + red tape.

* reducir el precio = reduce + price, cut + price.

* reducir el presupuesto = cut + monies from + budget.

* reducir el riesgo = reduce + risk.

* reducir el tamaño = reduce + size.

* reducir el tiempo = cut down + time.

* reducir el valor = reduce + value.

* reducir gastos = cut + costs, cut + spending, make + economies, make + cuts, reduce + costs.

* reducir gradualmente = scale down.

* reducir la burocracia = slash + red tape.

* reducir la posibilidad = minimise + possibility.

* reducir la probabilidad = reduce + chances.

* reducir las diferencias = bridge + the gap, bridge + the divide, bridge + the chasm, bridge + the gulf, close + the gap.

* reducir las diferencias entre... y = narrow + the gap between... and.

* reducir las distancias = reduce + distance, close + the gap.

* reducir las posibilidades de = narrow + the vision of.

* reducir los beneficios = cut + profit.

* reducir los impuestos = cut + taxes.

* reducir pérdidas = cut down + losses, cut + losses.

* reducir progresivamente = phase out.

* reducirse a = boil down to, come down to.

* reducirse poco a poco = dribble off.

* reducir una limitación = push + limits (further and further back).

* reducir una palabra a su raíz = stem.

* reducir un obstáculo = lower + barrier.

* * *

reducir [I6 ]

vt

A

1 ‹gastos/costos› to cut, cut down on, reduce; ‹velocidad› to reduce; ‹producción/consumo› to reduce

hemos reducido el número de casos we have brought down o reduced the number of cases

redujeron el número de plazas they cut the number of places o the number of places was reduced

han prometido reducir los impuestos they have promised to cut o reduce taxes

con esto se intenta reducir al mínimo el riesgo de infección this is intended to minimize o to reduce to a minimum the risk of infection

ejercicios para reducir (la) cintura exercises to reduce your waistline

reducir algo A algo to reduce sth TO sth

han reducido el texto a 50 páginas they have shortened o reduced the text to fifty pages

le han reducido la pena a dos años they have commuted o shortened o reduced his sentence to two years

la población quedó reducida a la mitad the population was reduced to half of its former size

reducir algo a su mínima expresión ( Mat) to reduce sth to its simplest expression o form

el suéter quedó reducido a su mínima expresión ( hum); the sweater shrank to nothing

reducir algo EN algo to reduce sth BY sth

pretenden reducir el gasto en cinco millones they aim to reduce costs by five million

2 ‹fotocopia/fotografía› to reduce

B

1 (transformar) reducir algo A algo:

reducir los gramos a miligramos to convert the grams to milligrams

reducir quebrados a un mínimo común denominador to reduce fractions to their lowest common denominator

quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes

todas sus ilusiones quedaron reducidas a la nada all his dreams were shattered

2 ( Quím) to reduce

3 ( AmS) ‹objeto robado› to receive, fence ( colloq)

C (dominar, someter) ‹enemigo/rebeldes› to subdue; ‹ladrón› to overpower

reducir a un pueblo a la esclavitud to reduce a people to slavery

D ‹fractura/hernia› to set, reduce ( tech)

E (CS) ‹cadáver/restos mortales› to exhume ( for reburial in a niche or smaller coffin)

■ reducir

vi

A ( Coc) to reduce, boil down

dejar reducir la salsa leave the sauce to boil down o reduce

B ( Auto) to shift into a lower gear, change down ( BrE)

■ reducirse

v pron

reducirse A algo:

todo se reduce a saber interpretar las cifras it all comes down to knowing how to interpret the figures

todo se redujo a una visita a la catedral y un paseo por el río in the end it was just a visit to the cathedral and a walk along the river

* * *

reducir ( conjugate reducir) verbo transitivo
1
a) ‹gastos/costos› to cut, reduce;

‹velocidad/producción/consumo› to reduce;
◊ debería reducir el consumo de sal you should cut down on salt;

reducir algo A algo to reduce sth to sth;
reducir algo EN algo to reduce sth by sth
b) ‹fotocopia/fotografía› to reduce

2
a) ( transformar):

◊ reducir los gramos a milígramos to convert the grams to milligrams;

quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes
b) (AmS) ‹ objeto robado› to receive, fence (colloq)

3 ( dominar) ‹enemigo/rebeldes› to subdue;
‹ ladrón› to overpower
reducirse verbo pronominal:
◊ todo se reduce a tener tacto it all comes down to being tactful

reducir
I verbo transitivo
1 (disminuir) to reduce
reducir algo en algo, to reduce sthg by sthg
(gastos, consumo, etc) to cut (down), minimize
2 (convertir, transformar) to reduce: el incendio redujo el bosque a cenizas, the fire reduced the wood to ashes
3 (subyugar) to subdue
II vi Auto to change down, US to downshift

' reducir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bajar
- ceniza
- encaminada
- encaminado
- moler
- disminuir
- minimizar
- mínimo
- mira
English:
administrative
- austerity
- ax
- axe
- change down
- corner
- curtail
- cut
- cut back
- cut down
- decrease
- deficit
- deplenish
- deplete
- depress
- downsize
- effective
- halve
- lighten
- lower
- narrow down
- prune
- pulp
- rate
- receive
- reduce
- retrench
- scale down
- shorten
- slow
- wind down
- bring
- cost
- deaden
- decelerate
- diminish
- discount
- get
- lessen
- loss
- minimize
- over
- pare
- scale
- slacken
- traffic
- whittle
- wind

* * *

reducir

♦ vt

1. [disminuir] to reduce;
[gastos, costes, impuestos, plantilla] to cut; [producción] to cut (back on);
nos han reducido el sueldo our salary has been cut;

reduzca la velocidad [en letrero] reduce speed now;

reducir algo a algo to reduce sth to sth;

el edificio quedó reducido a escombros the building was reduced to a pile of rubble;

reducir algo al mínimo to reduce sth to a minimum;

reducir algo a o [m5] en la mitad to reduce sth by half;

tú todo lo reduces a tener dinero the only thing you care about is money;

reducir a la mínima expresión to cut down to the bare minimum

2. [fotocopia] to reduce

3. [someter] [país, ciudad] to suppress, to subdue;
[atracador, ladrón, sublevados] to overpower
4. Mat [unidades de medida] to convert (a to); [fracciones, ecuaciones] to cancel out

5. Med [hueso] to set

6. Quím to reduce

7. Culin [guiso, salsa] to reduce

8. Andes, RP [objetos robados] to receive, to fence

9. RP [cadáver] to exhume [for reburial in smaller container]

♦ vi

1. [en el automóvil]
reducir (de marcha o [m5] velocidad) to change down;

reduce a tercera change down into third (gear)

2. Culin [guiso, salsa] to reduce

♦ See also the pronominal verb reducirse

* * *

reducir

v/t

1 reduce (a to); gastos cut;

reducir personal cut jobs, reduce staff numbers;

reducir la marcha AUTO downshift, shift into a lower gear

2 MIL overcome

* * *

reducir {61} vt

1) disminuir: to reduce, to decrease, to cut

2) : to subdue

3) : to boil down

♦ See also the reflexive verb reducirse

* * *

reducir vb to reduce

reducir la velocidad to reduce speed

Spanish-English dictionary > reducir
13 aumentar el presupuesto

(v.) = add + monies to + budget

Ex. This also allows funding agencies to place programs into perspective and to evaluate the effects of cutting monies from or adding monies to the budget.

* * *

(v.) = add + monies to + budget

Ex: This also allows funding agencies to place programs into perspective and to evaluate the effects of cutting monies from or adding monies to the budget.

Spanish-English dictionary > aumentar el presupuesto
14 reducir el presupuesto

(v.) = cut + monies from + budget

Ex. This also allows funding agencies to place programs into perspective and to evaluate the effects of cutting monies from or adding monies to the budget.

* * *

(v.) = cut + monies from + budget

Ex: This also allows funding agencies to place programs into perspective and to evaluate the effects of cutting monies from or adding monies to the budget.

Spanish-English dictionary > reducir el presupuesto
15 disminuir

v.

1 to reduce.

2 to decrease.

El medicamento disminuyó la fiebre The drug decreased the fever.

Me disminuyó la temperatura My temperature decreased.

3 to diminish, to decrease, to fall off, to drop off.

El calor disminuyó The heat diminished.

4 to lessen, to take down, to humiliate, to deflate.

Su actitud disminuyó a su hijo His attitude lessened his son.

5 to have less.

Te disminuyó la fiebre You have less fever.

* * *

disminuir

Conjugation model [ HUIR], like link=huir huir

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to decrease

2 (medidas, velocidad) to reduce

► verbo intransitivo

1 (gen) to diminish

2 (temperatura, precios) to drop, fall

* * *

verb

1) to decrease

2) drop, fall

* * *

1. VT

1) (=reducir) [+ nivel, precio, gastos, intereses] to reduce, bring down; [+ riesgo, incidencia, dolor] to reduce, lessen; [+ temperatura] to lower, bring down; [+ prestigio, autoridad] to diminish, lessen; [+ fuerzas] to sap; [+ entusiasmo] to dampen

algunos bancos han disminuido en un 0,15% sus tipos de interés — some banks have reduced o brought down their interest rates by 0.15%

hemos tenido que disminuir la dosis — we've had to reduce the dose

las vacunas disminuyen la resistencia a otros virus — vaccinations lower resistance to other germs

disminuyó la velocidad para tomar la curva — she slowed down o reduced her speed to go round the bend

durante el día disminuyen la vigilancia — security is not so strict during the day

esta medicina me disminuye las fuerzas — this medicine is making me weaker o sapping my strength

2) (Cos) [+ puntos] to decrease

2. VI

1) (=decrecer) [número, población] to decrease, drop, fall; [temperatura, precios] to drop, fall; [distancia, diferencia, velocidad, tensión] to decrease; [fuerzas, autoridad, poder] to diminish; [días] to grow shorter; [luz] to fade; [prestigio, entusiasmo] to dwindle

ha disminuido la tasa de natalidad — the birth rate has decreased o dropped o fallen

el número de asistentes ha disminuido últimamente — attendance has decreased o dropped o fallen recently

ya le está disminuyendo la fiebre — his temperature is dropping o falling now

el paro disminuyó en un 0,3% — unemployment dropped o fell by 0.3%

su poder disminuyó con el paso del tiempo — his power diminished as time went by

con esta pastilla te disminuirá el dolor — this tablet will relieve o ease your pain

2) (=empeorar) [memoria, vista] to fail

3) (Cos) [puntos] to decrease

* * *
1.
verbo intransitivo

1) ( menguar) número/cantidad to decrease, drop, fall; entusiasmo/interés to wane, diminish; precios/temperaturas to drop, fall; poder/fama to diminish; dolor to diminish, lessen

los impuestos no disminuyeron — there was no cut in taxes

disminuyó la intensidad del viento — the wind died down o dropped

la agilidad disminuye con los años — one becomes less agile with age

2) ( al tejer) to decrease
2.
disminuir vt

1) ( reducir) <gastos/costos/impuestos> to reduce, cut; < velocidad> to reduce; <número/cantidad> to reduce, diminish

el alcohol disminuye la rapidez de los reflejos — alcohol slows down your reactions

2) ( al tejer) < puntos> to decrease

* * *

= decline, decrease, diminish, dwindle, fall off, reduce, relax, shrink, slow down, tail off, lower, dip, subside, mitigate, lessen, abate, decelerate, regress, wane, take + a dive, ebb, slacken, whittle (away/down/at), slow up, taper, scale back, remit, take + a dip, turn down.

Ex. Library use declines during the June-October period when examinations have finished and the students are on vacation.

Ex. Recall is inversely proportional to precision, and vice versa, or in other words, as one increases, the other must decrease.

Ex. While another colleague of mine offered the wry comment that 'as the computer's capabilities have increased our expectations of what it can do have proportionally diminished'.

Ex. Whereas this proportion is dwindling as a percentage of the total budget, agricultural spending continues to rise in real terms.

Ex. When the recording procedures were removed study time fell off immediately.

Ex. The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.

Ex. Since the Federal Government has not been willing to relax import restrictions on books, academic librarians have had to devise a number of strategies for the survival of collection development.

Ex. The 'false hit' problem still arises, but becomes less likely as the 'neighborhood' of the two words shrinks.

Ex. However, the flight from DC appears to have slowed down more quickly than was anticipated, and we no longer read of large numbers of libraries making the change.

Ex. In this unsettled atmosphere, it is not surprising that enthusiasm for membership of the Community should tail off.

Ex. When a forme was in place on the press stone, paper was lowered on to it by means of a tympan and frisket.

Ex. The proportions of books bought for children have been extraordinarily steady for four of the five years, only dipping at all appreciably in the last year of 1979-80.

Ex. Her agitation subsided suddenly.

Ex. Confusion caused by repetition of descriptive information in access points can be mitigated by careful screen design.

Ex. Two possible solutions are possible: (1) to lessen the frequency of production, or (2) to reduce the amount of detail in the entries.

Ex. As the sobbing abated, the secretary's voice regained some steadiness.

Ex. Accumulation of new data bases is decelerating rapidly with the focus on deriving subsets from current files to serve niche markets.

Ex. Interloans have regressed recently, despite the rapid advancement of the computer age.

Ex. The population waxed again slightly, then waned again, until it finally stabilized around its present 55,000.

Ex. The article 'Wages, hours, bookfunds take a dive' examines how some authorities are proposing cuts in wages to preserve services; others reducing bookfunds by as much as a quarter, or cutting their opening hours in half.

Ex. Subsequently, library development stalled as cultural interaction ebbed from classical levels.

Ex. The trend direct supply of books to schools shows no sign of slackening.

Ex. However, such idealism is often whittled away over time by bureaucratic problems & organizational demands.

Ex. Since cataloging is the most time consuming part of digitization, it has slowed up the placement of files.

Ex. The tube in the two types tapers almost unnoticeably from base to tip.

Ex. He first spotted trouble when she started being short with users and so he solved the problem by scaling back her workload.

Ex. The fever was resolved and the skin lesions started to remit during the following 3 weeks.

Ex. Sales took a dip in 2005 but exploded in 2006.

Ex. Cytokines are small proteins used to communicate messages between the immune cells in the immune system to either turn up or down the immune response.

----

* atención + disminuir = attention + wane.

* disminuir casi hasta su desaparación = drop to + near vanishing point.

* disminuir de tamaño = dwindle in + size.

* disminuir el riesgo = reduce + risk.

* disminuir el valor de = belittle.

* disminuir la importancia de = lessen + the importance of.

* disminuir la marcha = slow down.

* disminuir la posibilidad = lessen + possibility.

* disminuir la probabilidad = reduce + chances.

* disminuir las probabilidades = lengthen + the odds.

* disminuir la velocidad = slow up.

* sin disminuir = non-decreasing, unabated.

* * *
1.
verbo intransitivo

1) ( menguar) número/cantidad to decrease, drop, fall; entusiasmo/interés to wane, diminish; precios/temperaturas to drop, fall; poder/fama to diminish; dolor to diminish, lessen

los impuestos no disminuyeron — there was no cut in taxes

disminuyó la intensidad del viento — the wind died down o dropped

la agilidad disminuye con los años — one becomes less agile with age

2) ( al tejer) to decrease
2.
disminuir vt

1) ( reducir) <gastos/costos/impuestos> to reduce, cut; < velocidad> to reduce; <número/cantidad> to reduce, diminish

el alcohol disminuye la rapidez de los reflejos — alcohol slows down your reactions

2) ( al tejer) < puntos> to decrease

* * *

= decline, decrease, diminish, dwindle, fall off, reduce, relax, shrink, slow down, tail off, lower, dip, subside, mitigate, lessen, abate, decelerate, regress, wane, take + a dive, ebb, slacken, whittle (away/down/at), slow up, taper, scale back, remit, take + a dip, turn down.

Ex: Library use declines during the June-October period when examinations have finished and the students are on vacation.

Ex: Recall is inversely proportional to precision, and vice versa, or in other words, as one increases, the other must decrease.

Ex: While another colleague of mine offered the wry comment that 'as the computer's capabilities have increased our expectations of what it can do have proportionally diminished'.

Ex: Whereas this proportion is dwindling as a percentage of the total budget, agricultural spending continues to rise in real terms.

Ex: When the recording procedures were removed study time fell off immediately.

Ex: The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.

Ex: Since the Federal Government has not been willing to relax import restrictions on books, academic librarians have had to devise a number of strategies for the survival of collection development.

Ex: The 'false hit' problem still arises, but becomes less likely as the 'neighborhood' of the two words shrinks.

Ex: However, the flight from DC appears to have slowed down more quickly than was anticipated, and we no longer read of large numbers of libraries making the change.

Ex: In this unsettled atmosphere, it is not surprising that enthusiasm for membership of the Community should tail off.

Ex: When a forme was in place on the press stone, paper was lowered on to it by means of a tympan and frisket.

Ex: The proportions of books bought for children have been extraordinarily steady for four of the five years, only dipping at all appreciably in the last year of 1979-80.

Ex: Her agitation subsided suddenly.

Ex: Confusion caused by repetition of descriptive information in access points can be mitigated by careful screen design.

Ex: Two possible solutions are possible: (1) to lessen the frequency of production, or (2) to reduce the amount of detail in the entries.

Ex: As the sobbing abated, the secretary's voice regained some steadiness.

Ex: Accumulation of new data bases is decelerating rapidly with the focus on deriving subsets from current files to serve niche markets.

Ex: Interloans have regressed recently, despite the rapid advancement of the computer age.

Ex: The population waxed again slightly, then waned again, until it finally stabilized around its present 55,000.

Ex: The article 'Wages, hours, bookfunds take a dive' examines how some authorities are proposing cuts in wages to preserve services; others reducing bookfunds by as much as a quarter, or cutting their opening hours in half.

Ex: Subsequently, library development stalled as cultural interaction ebbed from classical levels.

Ex: The trend direct supply of books to schools shows no sign of slackening.

Ex: However, such idealism is often whittled away over time by bureaucratic problems & organizational demands.

Ex: Since cataloging is the most time consuming part of digitization, it has slowed up the placement of files.

Ex: The tube in the two types tapers almost unnoticeably from base to tip.

Ex: He first spotted trouble when she started being short with users and so he solved the problem by scaling back her workload.

Ex: The fever was resolved and the skin lesions started to remit during the following 3 weeks.

Ex: Sales took a dip in 2005 but exploded in 2006.

Ex: Cytokines are small proteins used to communicate messages between the immune cells in the immune system to either turn up or down the immune response.

* atención + disminuir = attention + wane.

* disminuir casi hasta su desaparación = drop to + near vanishing point.

* disminuir de tamaño = dwindle in + size.

* disminuir el riesgo = reduce + risk.

* disminuir el valor de = belittle.

* disminuir la importancia de = lessen + the importance of.

* disminuir la marcha = slow down.

* disminuir la posibilidad = lessen + possibility.

* disminuir la probabilidad = reduce + chances.

* disminuir las probabilidades = lengthen + the odds.

* disminuir la velocidad = slow up.

* sin disminuir = non-decreasing, unabated.

* * *

disminuir [ I20 ]

vi

A (menguar) «número/cantidad» to decrease, drop, fall; «desempleo/exportaciones/gastos» to decrease, drop, fall; «entusiasmo» to wane, diminish; «interés» to wane, diminish, fall off

el número de fumadores ha disminuido the number of smokers has dropped o fallen o decreased

los impuestos no disminuyeron there was no decrease o cut in taxes

los casos de malaria han disminuido there has been a drop o fall o decrease in the number of malaria cases

disminuyó la intensidad del viento the wind died down o dropped

la agilidad disminuye con los años one becomes less agile with age

B (al tejer) to decrease

■ disminuir

vt

A (reducir) ‹gastos/costos› to reduce, bring down, cut

disminuimos la velocidad we reduced speed

es un asunto muy grave y se intenta disminuir su importancia it is a very serious matter, and its importance is being played down

el alcohol disminuye la rapidez de los reflejos alcohol slows down your reactions

B (al tejer) ‹puntos› to decrease

* * *

disminuir ( conjugate disminuir) verbo intransitivo ( menguar) [número/cantidad] to decrease, fall;
[precios/temperaturas] to drop, fall;
[ dolor] to diminish, lessen
verbo transitivo ( reducir) ‹gastos/producción› to cut back on;
‹ impuestos› to cut;
‹velocidad/número/cantidad› to reduce
disminuir
I verbo transitivo to reduce: esto disminuye sus probabilidades de entrar en la Universidad, this lowers his chances of admission to the University
II verbo intransitivo to diminish: el calor ha disminuido, the heat has lessened
' disminuir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
aclararse
- atenuar
- bajar
- descender
- enfriar
- perder
- rebajar
- reducir
- reducirse
- velocidad
English:
cut back
- decline
- decrease
- die down
- diminish
- drop
- dwindle
- ease off
- ease up
- lessen
- lower
- odds
- reduce
- shrink
- sink
- slacken
- slacken off
- taper off
- thin out
- abate
- ease
- flag
- go
- let
- tail
- taper
- wane

* * *

disminuir

♦ vt

to reduce, to decrease;

disminuye la velocidad al entrar en la curva reduce speed as you go into the curve;

pastillas que disminuyen el sueño tablets that prevent drowsiness;

la lesión no ha disminuido su habilidad con el balón the injury hasn't affected his skill with the ball

♦ vi
[cantidad, velocidad, intensidad, contaminación] to decrease, to decline; [desempleo, inflación] to decrease, to fall; [precios, temperatura] to fall, to go down; [vista, memoria] to fail; [interés] to decline, to wane;
disminuye el número de matriculaciones en la universidad university enrolments are down;

medidas para que disminuyan los costes cost-cutting measures;

no disminuye la euforia inversora investor enthusiasm continues unabated

* * *

disminuir

I v/t gastos, costos reduce, cut; velocidad reduce

II v/i decrease, diminish

* * *

disminuir {41} vt

reducir: to reduce, to decrease, to lower

disminuir vi

1) : to lower

2) : to drop, to fall

* * *

disminuir vb

1. (reducir) to reduce

intentamos disminuir el número de accidentes we are trying to reduce the number of accidents

2. (bajar, menguar) to fall [pt. fell; pp. fallen] / to drop [pt. & pp. dropped]

disminuye el número de ballenas en el mundo the number of whales in the world is falling

Spanish-English dictionary > disminuir
16 económico

adj.

1 economic, economical, saving, sparing.

2 cost-reducing, cost-cutting, cash-saving, economical.

3 economic, related to economics.

4 cheap to run, economic, cost-effective.

5 inexpensive, cheap, low-priced, knockdown.

* * *

económico

► adjetivo

1 (gen) economic

2 (barato) cheap, economical, inexpensive

■ la habitación resultó económica the room was cheap

3 (persona) thrifty, careful with money

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

crisis económica economic crisis, recession

* * *

(f. - económica)

adj.

1) economic

2) economical

* * *

ADJ

1) [gen] economic; [año] fiscal, financial

la situación económica — the economic situation

2) (=barato) economical, inexpensive

edición económica — cheap edition, popular edition

3) (=ahorrativo) thrifty; pey miserly
ECONÓMICO ¿"Economic" o "economical"? ► El adjetivo económico se traduce por economic cuando se refiere al comercio o las finanzas: China ha vivido cinco años de reformas económicas China has lived through five years of economic reforms ... el ritmo del crecimiento económico...... the pace of economic growth... ► Económico se traduce por economical cuando se usa para describir algo que presenta una buena relación calidad-precio: Resulta más económico tener un coche de gasoil It is more economical to have a diesel-engined car Economic se puede usar en inglés para traducir rentable: Mantendremos las tarifas altas para que el servicio resulte rentable We shall keep the fares high to make the service economic Para otros usos y ejemplos ver la entrada
* * *

- ca adjetivo

1) <crisis/situación> economic (before n); <problema/independencia> financial

2)

a) <piso/comida> cheap; <restaurante/hotel> cheap, inexpensive

b) ( que gasta poco) < motor> economical; < persona> thrifty

* * *

- ca adjetivo

1) <crisis/situación> economic (before n); <problema/independencia> financial

2)

a) <piso/comida> cheap; <restaurante/hotel> cheap, inexpensive

b) ( que gasta poco) < motor> economical; < persona> thrifty

* * *

económico¹

¹ = economic, financial, fiscal, monetary, monied, pecuniary, budget, moneyed.

Ex: Generally, the availability of centralised cataloguing records will, if the economic aspects are favourable, encourage uniformity.

Ex: SIA in the United Kingdom covers information on travel and transport, economics in EEC countries, construction of nuclear power stations, and financial information.

Ex: The effect of fiscal pressures is particularly evident for government on-line systems, such as DOE/RECON.

Ex: For example, if the local currency is Belgian francs, monetary amount are always entered in whole francs.

Ex: This will shift the dynamics of information flow to policymakers to favour monied special interests, which threatens the democratic process.

Ex: George Watson Cole refers to his mental derangement and pecuniary embarrassment.

Ex: The aricle has the title ' budget CD-Rewritable drives: to get the best deal, buy a CD-RW drive that's not top of the line'.

Ex: It is generally recognized that collecting money from moneyed deadbeats is as much a social problem as street thuggery.

* apoyo económico = financial backing.

* ayuda económica = fund assistance, financial assistance, grant money, grant, cash grant.

* bache económico = economic doldrums.

* brigada de delitos económicos = fraud squad.

* burbuja económica = price bubble.

* capacidad económica = earning capacity, earning power.

* capital económico = financial capital.

* Clasificación Industrial General de las Actividades Económicas = General Industrial Classification of Economic Activities (NACE).

* clima económico = economic climate.

* comprobación de las necesidades económicas = means-testing, means test.

* comprobar las necesidades económicas = means test.

* Comunidad Económica Europea (CEE) = European Economic Community (EEC).

* con poco recursos económicos = low-budget.

* crisis económica = economic crisis, economic slump, difficult economic times, economic depression, economic doldrums.

* crisis económica mundial = global economic slump.

* cuestión económica = economic issue, financial issue.

* depresión económica = economic depression, economic doldrums.

* de recesión económica = recessionary.

* desastre económico = financial disaster, economic disaster.

* desde un punto de vista económico = economically.

* de un modo económico = economically.

* donación económica = monetary donation.

* donación económica de fundación = endowment fund.

* económico-técnico = economic-technical.

* eficacia económica = economic efficiency.

* ejercicio económico = business year, accounting year.

* en tiempos de recesión económica = in recessionary times.

* equiparación económica = economic levelling.

* estatus económico = economic status.

* evaluación de las necesidades económicas = means-testing, means test.

* evaluar las necesidades económicas = means test.

* fondo económico = funds.

* hastiado de la recesión económica = recession-weary.

* historiador económico = economic historian.

* incertidumbre económica = economic uncertainty.

* índice económico = economic index.

* influencia económica = economic influence.

* información económica = business news.

* informe económico = economic report.

* interés económico = economic interest.

* mala racha económica = economic doldrums.

* medida económica = economic measure.

* memoria económica = economic report.

* modelo económico = economic model.

* necesidad económica = economic necessity, economic need.

* nivelación económica = economic levelling.

* no económico = non-economic [noneconomic].

* pasar apuros económicos = lead + a precarious existence.

* política económica = political economy.

* político-económico = politico-economic.

* presión económica = economic pressure.

* que se concede en función de las necesidades económicas = means-tested.

* recesión económica = economic recession, difficult economic times, economic depression.

* recortes económicos = economic retrenchment.

* recuperación económica = economic recovery.

* reforma económica = economic reform.

* respaldo económico = financial backing.

* riesgo económico = financial risk.

* sanción económica = economic penalty, economic sanction.

* sistema económico = economic system.

* situación económica = economic status.

* situación económica, la = economics of the situation, the.

* socioeconómico = socioeconomic [socio-economic].

* teoría económica = economic theory.

* trastorno económico = economic upheaval.

* valor económico = economic value, monetary worth.

económico²

² = cheap [cheaper -comp., cheapest -sup.], cost-effective [cost effective], economical, inexpensive, cost-efficient [cost efficient], dollar-saving, money-saving, thrifty [thriftier -comp., thriftiest -sup.], cut-price, cut-rate, affordable.

Ex: These indexes are both cheap and quick to produce.

Ex: OFFSEARCH is a means of running a search overnight on more than one data base, in a cost-effective mode.

Ex: Fixed length fields the are economical on storage space, and records using fixed length fields are quick and easy to code.

Ex: a microcomputer will need an inexpensive software package in order to suitable for external communication.

Ex: Good libraries are a cost-efficient integral part of an effective correctional programme in a detention centre.

Ex: The article 'Two dollar-saving search tips' explains how to eliminate duplicate citations when printing out search results.

Ex: It is ironic that reduced funding may threaten money-saving automation plans.

Ex: As such, the library serves a large blue collar population of thrifty, hardworking people with a predilection toward conservatism in lifestyle and thought.

Ex: Turkey is heavily promoted by tour operators as an idyllic holiday destination, the cut-price alternative to Greece or Cyprus.

Ex: Most of these cut-rate laptops include a one-year parts and labor warranty.

Ex: Information will become more affordable, accessible, and plentiful.

* alojamiento económico = budget accommodation.

* de forma económica = cost-effectively.

* de un modo económico = thriftily.

* de un modo poco económico = wastefully.

* hotel económico = budget hotel.

* * *

económico -ca

adjective

A ‹crisis/situación› economic ( before n)

tienen problemas económicos they have financial problems

B

1 ‹piso/comida› cheap; ‹restaurante/hotel› cheap, inexpensive

2 (que gasta poco) ‹motor› economical; ‹persona› thrifty

* * *

económico
◊ -ca adjetivo

1 ‹crisis/situación› economic ( before n);
‹problema/independencia› financial
2
a) ‹piso/comida› cheap;

‹restaurante/hotel› cheap, inexpensive
b) ( que gasta poco) ‹ motor› economical;

‹ persona› thrifty
económico,-a adjetivo
1 (país, empresa) economic
(persona) financial: tienen problemas económicos, they have financial troubles
2 (barato) economical, inexpensive: el traje me salió muy económico, the suit was very cheap
comidas económicas, cheap meals
3 (persona ahorradora) thrifty
Recuerda que el adjetivo economic, relativo a la economía, no es igual al adjetivo economical, que significa económico, barato.
' económico' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ajuste
- ámbito
- beneficio
- bloqueo
- desajuste
- despegue
- económica
- ejercicio
- holgura
- nivel
- respaldo
- revés
- auge
- clima
- desbarajuste
- orden
- plan
- refugiado
- sostén
English:
budget
- business
- cheap
- diner
- ease
- economic
- economical
- fall back on
- financial
- inexpensive
- thrifty
- wasteful
- café
- economics
- support
- third
- uneconomical

* * *

económico, -a adj

1. [asunto, doctrina, crisis] economic;

la política económica del gobierno the government's economic policy;

una familia con problemas económicos a family with financial problems;

mi situación económica es desesperante my financial situation is desperate

2. [barato] cheap, low-cost;

pagándolo al contado te sale más económico it works out cheaper if you pay in cash

3. [que gasta poco] [motor, aparato] economical;
[persona] thrifty
* * *

económico

adj

1 economic

2 ( barato) economical

* * *

económico, -ca adj

: economic, economical

* * *

económico adj

1. (de la economía) economic

2. (que gasta poco) economical

3. (que cuesta poco) inexpensive

Spanish-English dictionary > económico
17 agencia patrocinadora

(n.) = sponsoring agency, funding body, funding agency

Ex. Sometimes the following additional data are also present: sponsoring agency, and its report number.

Ex. Many librarians in smaller specialised libraries have to work with limited and diminishing resources, often because the importance of the service is not fully understood by the funding body.

Ex. This also allows funding agencies to place programs into perspective and to evaluate the effects of cutting monies from or adding monies to the budget.

* * *

(n.) = sponsoring agency, funding body, funding agency

Ex: Sometimes the following additional data are also present: sponsoring agency, and its report number.

Ex: Many librarians in smaller specialised libraries have to work with limited and diminishing resources, often because the importance of the service is not fully understood by the funding body.

Ex: This also allows funding agencies to place programs into perspective and to evaluate the effects of cutting monies from or adding monies to the budget.

Spanish-English dictionary > agencia patrocinadora
18 comprender mejor

(v.) = gain + insight into, increase + understanding, place + Nombre + in/into + perspective, put into + perspective, gain + a better understanding, gain + a greater understanding, gain + a better sense of, get + a better sense of

Ex. Hypermedia offers unheard of opportunities to gain insight into the way young people perceive, process and use information.

Ex. Ways are explored in which public library children's librarians can help sighted children increase their understanding of persons with visual impairment.

Ex. This also allows funding agencies to place programs into perspective and to evaluate the effects of cutting monies from or adding monies to the budget.

Ex. In other words, my job is to attempt to put what you have heard into perspective in terms of today and the future.

Ex. The aim of the project was to gain a better understanding of the nature of collaboration in the information searching process.

Ex. The aim of the interviews was to gain greater understanding of what these children are looking for in a story book.

Ex. To gain a better sense of the metaphorical nature of the scientific research paper, 89 journal articles were reviewed.

Ex. He has agreed to come to our meeting to answer our questions and to get a better sense of the hopes and possible concerns that this revolutionary project has raised.

* * *

(v.) = gain + insight into, increase + understanding, place + Nombre + in/into + perspective, put into + perspective, gain + a better understanding, gain + a greater understanding, gain + a better sense of, get + a better sense of

Ex: Hypermedia offers unheard of opportunities to gain insight into the way young people perceive, process and use information.

Ex: Ways are explored in which public library children's librarians can help sighted children increase their understanding of persons with visual impairment.

Ex: This also allows funding agencies to place programs into perspective and to evaluate the effects of cutting monies from or adding monies to the budget.

Ex: In other words, my job is to attempt to put what you have heard into perspective in terms of today and the future.

Ex: The aim of the project was to gain a better understanding of the nature of collaboration in the information searching process.

Ex: The aim of the interviews was to gain greater understanding of what these children are looking for in a story book.

Ex: To gain a better sense of the metaphorical nature of the scientific research paper, 89 journal articles were reviewed.

Ex: He has agreed to come to our meeting to answer our questions and to get a better sense of the hopes and possible concerns that this revolutionary project has raised.

Spanish-English dictionary > comprender mejor
19 entender mejor

(v.) = place + Nombre + in/into + perspective, put into + perspective, gain + a better sense of, get + a better sense of

Ex. This also allows funding agencies to place programs into perspective and to evaluate the effects of cutting monies from or adding monies to the budget.

Ex. In other words, my job is to attempt to put what you have heard into perspective in terms of today and the future.

Ex. To gain a better sense of the metaphorical nature of the scientific research paper, 89 journal articles were reviewed.

Ex. He has agreed to come to our meeting to answer our questions and to get a better sense of the hopes and possible concerns that this revolutionary project has raised.

* * *

(v.) = place + Nombre + in/into + perspective, put into + perspective, gain + a better sense of, get + a better sense of

Ex: This also allows funding agencies to place programs into perspective and to evaluate the effects of cutting monies from or adding monies to the budget.

Ex: In other words, my job is to attempt to put what you have heard into perspective in terms of today and the future.

Ex: To gain a better sense of the metaphorical nature of the scientific research paper, 89 journal articles were reviewed.

Ex: He has agreed to come to our meeting to answer our questions and to get a better sense of the hopes and possible concerns that this revolutionary project has raised.

Spanish-English dictionary > entender mejor
20 organismo de financiación

(n.) = funding agency

Ex. This also allows funding agencies to place programs into perspective and to evaluate the effects of cutting monies from or adding monies to the budget.

* * *

(n.) = funding agency

Ex: This also allows funding agencies to place programs into perspective and to evaluate the effects of cutting monies from or adding monies to the budget.

Spanish-English dictionary > organismo de financiación

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budget-cutting

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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budget-cutting

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