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1 ὀχεύς
2 pl., fastenings or clasps of the belt, , 20.414.3 bolt or bar of a door, ;θυρέων δ' ἀνέκοπτεν ὀχῆας Od.21.47
, cf. Parm.1.16, Theoc.24.49;ὀ. θύρας Phld.Rh.1.280
S.; bolts holding the ἀγκῶνες in place in a war-engine, Ph.Bel.72.31; νεῶν.. ὀχῆας ships' rudders, Opp.C.4.59.4 ὀχῆες τῆς ὑστέρης, = ὄχοι 11.2, Aret.SD2.11 (vv. ll. ὄσχιες, ὄχιες).II = ὄχανον, οἱ ὀ. οἱ σκύτινοι Plb.18.18.4. -
2 πόρπη
A = περόνη, brooch, clasp for fastening dresses, esp. on the shoulders; used for piercing the eyes, E.Ph.62, Hec. 1170: mostly pl., of the fastenings for women's dresses, Il.18.401, h.Ven. 163, E.El. 318, etc.; worn as emblem of rank by συγγενεῖς τῶν βασιλέων, LXX 1 Ma.10.89; by a Roman officer,=fibula, IGRom.1.1299 ([place name] Egypt); of a hair-clasp, Luc.Dom. 7. -
3 χοῖνιξ
A choenix, a dry measure, esp. for corn, Hdt.1.192, etc.; the choenix of corn was one man's daily allowance, Id.7.187;ἡ γὰρ χ. ἡμερησία τροφή D.L.8.18
; given to slaves, Th.4.16; hence, ὅς κεν ἐμῆς γε χοίνικος ἅπτηται, i. e. whoever eats of my bread, Od. 19.28: prov., ἐπὶ χοίνικος καθέζεσθαι, i. e. sit idle, live in idleness, Pythag. ap. Arist.Fr. 197, cf. Plu.2.703f, Ath.10.452e, Ael.VH1.26; οὐδὲ τὴν χ. ἔτι λήψει (of gold) Luc.Nav.27; χ. Ἀττική (1/48 of the μέδιμνος = 4 κοτύλαι) X.An.1.5.6; in Pap. usu. abbreviated χ, as in PCair.Zen.645.11 (iii B. C.), POxy.1044.3 (ii A. D.), etc. -
4 τιαρόδεσμον
τιαρόδεσμονband for fastening the tiara behind: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
5 ζυγόδεσμον
ζῠγό-δεσμον, τό, (Aζυγόν 1
) yoke-band, i.e. a band for fastening the yoke to the pole,ζ. ἅμα ζυγῷ ἐννεάπηχυ Il.24.270
, cf. PFay.121.5 (i/ii A.D.); of the Gordian knot, Plu.Alex.18, etc.: pl.,ζυγόδεσμα Procl.H.1.31
, AP 9.155 (Agath.), 741, etc.:—also [suff] ζῠγό-δεσμος, ὁ, Artem.2.24, Them.Or. 2.30b.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ζυγόδεσμον
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6 τιαρόδεσμον
τῐᾱρό-δεσμον, τό,Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τιαρόδεσμον
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7 ζυγόδεσμον
ζυγό-δεσμον: yoke-band, a cord or strap for fastening the yoke to the pole, Il. 24.270. (See cut under ζυγόν, b; and cut No. 42.)A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ζυγόδεσμον
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8 στάλιξ
στάλιξ, - ῐκοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `plug or post for fastening a hunting-net' (Theoc., Plu., Opp., Poll. a. o.).Derivatives: Besides στάλιδας (- ίδας?) τοὺς κάμακας η χάρακας H. ( σταλίδων X. Cyn. 2, 8 codd.; σχαλίδων Steph.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Suffixchange as in κλᾱϊκ-: κληῑδ- (s. κλείς) a.o. (Schwyzer 496; cf. also Specht Ursprung 211 a. 233). Further analysis uncertain; both στέλλω and ἵστημι (with λ-suffix) can be considered (WP. 2, 644). As the nearest basis one could posit a zero grade noun *σταλ(ο)-.Page in Frisk: 2,776Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στάλιξ
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9 κατακλείς
κατα-κλείς, εῖδος, or [full] κατάκλεις, ειδος, [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. [suff] κατα-κληΐς, ηῖδος, ἡ,A instrument for shutting or fastening doors, distd. from the bolt ([etym.] μοχλός ) and bolt-pin ([etym.] βάλανος), Ar.V. 154, IG11(2).158A 65 (Delos, iii B.C., pl.); αἱ κ. τῶν ἀξόνων linch-pins, prob.l.in D.S.17.53.3 κατακληΐς βελέμνων case for arrows, quiver, Call.Dian.82; cap or case fitted to an engine, Bito 59.3; also, socket for the arrow in the γαστραφέτης, Id.62.9.4 pl., locks on a canal, PPetr.2p.43 (iii B.C.).II = ἀκρώμιον, Heliod. ap. Orib.48.48.1, Sor.2.62, Gal.2.766.2 first rib, Id.18(2).956.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κατακλείς
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10 γόμφος
γόμφος, ὁ,A bolt, for ship-building, Od.5.248; for other uses, Hes. Op. 431, A.Th. 542; dowel, SIG246ii40 (Delph., iv B. C.);γόμφοις καὶ περόνῃσιν ἀρηρότε Parm.1.20
;γόμφῳ ἢ κόλλῃ ἢ ἁφῇ Arist.Ph. 227a17
, cf. Metaph. 1052a24: generally, bond, fastening, as of the cross-ribs of Egyptian canoes, Hdt.2.96; of the ankle-joint, Arist.PA 654b21; of the in visible bonds uniting the partieles of the body, Pl.Ti. 43a: metaph., γ. κατάστοργοι, of love, Emp.87; τῶνδ' ἐφήλωται.. γόμφος διαμπάξ these things are determined, A.Supp. 945:—acc. to EM238.4, γ. were prop. of wood; but cf.γ. χαλκοί IG9
(1).691 (Corc.),γ. σιδηροῖ Plb.13.7.9
.2 instrument for cautery, Hippiatr.97.3 = γόμφιος, Hsch. -
11 ὅρμος 2
ὅρμος 2.Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `anchorage, road(stead), harbour', also metaph. (Il.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. ὁρμο-φύλαξ `harbour-master' (pap.); often as 2. member, e.g. πάν-ορμος `offering anchorage to all (ships)' ( λιμένες, ν 195), often as PN (Sicily a.o.), δύσ-ορμος `with a bad harbour, inhospitable' (A., X.); often w. preposition, partly as backformations from the relevant verbs: ἔξ-ορμος `sailing out' (E.: ἐξ-ορμέω; Strömberg Prefix Studies 58), ὕφ-ορμος `at anchor, fit for anchoring' (Ph., Str.), also subst. m. `anchorage' (Arist., Str.: ὑφ-ορμέω), πρόσ-ορμος m. `id.' (Str.: πρόσ-ορμέω, - ορμίζω).Derivatives: Two denomin. 1. ὁρμέω, also w. ἐφ-, ἐξ-, ὑφ- a.o., `to be at anchor (in the harbour)' (IA.) with ἐφόρμησις f. and (as backformation) ἔφορμος m. `the being at anchor, blockade' (Th.). 2. ὁρμίζω, - ομαι, aor. - ίσαι, - ίσασθαι, often w. prefix, e.g. ἐν-, προσ-, καθ-, μεθ-, `to bring to resp. to arrive at the anchorage or harbour, to anchor (oneself)' (Il.) with ( προσ- a.o.) όρμισις f. `the anchoring' (Th.), ( ἐν-)όρμισμα n. `anchorage, the anchoring' (App.), προσορμισμός m. `the anchoring' (sch.), προσορμιστήριον H. as explanation of ἐπίνειον (cod. ἐπήνιον), ὁρμιστηρία f. `rope for anchoring, attaching' (Ph., D. S.), ὁρμίστρια f. "the anchoreress" surn. of Isis (pap. IIp).Etymology: Without certain etymology. Often connected with ὁρμη, but with diff. argumentation: prop. "impulse, startingpoint" (Fick GGA 1894, 242); "a place where ships may ride at anchor" = Skt. sárma- m. `flowing' (Word ClassPhil. 3, 77), "luogo dove si getta l'ancora" (Bolelli Stud. itfilcl. 24 [1950] 104). Bq and Hofmann Et.Wb. consider for it, semantically also a little stilted, connection with εἴρω `string' ("attacher"); so prop. "attachement, Festmachung" (against this Porzig Satzinhalte 262) and with ὅρμος `chain' basically identical. Instead of operating with the abstract notion `fastening', it would be better, to explain ὅρμος `anchorage' as metaphor from ὅρμος `(anchor)-chain'; cf. AP 9, 296: τὸν ἀπ' ἀγκύρης ὅρμον ἔκειρε. -- Or to ἕρματα `supporting stones' (also unclear) ?Page in Frisk: 2,420-421Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὅρμος 2
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12 δεσμός
δεσμός, ὁ, pl.A , al., Thgn.459, Hdt.6.91, and so mostly in Trag., A.Pr. 513, etc., and Pl.Euthphr.9a; but , E.Ba. 518, 634, usu. in Pl., as Lg. 793b, al.: both forms in [dialect] Att. Inscrr.,δεσμοί IG2.678B48
, δεσμά ib.791.31, the latter preferred by Thom. Mag.p.79R. (sg. (Delph.), [dialect] Att. acc. to Hsch.): ( δέω A):—band, bond, anything for tying and fastening, as halter, Il.6.507; mooring-cable, Od.13.100, etc.; door-latch, 21.241; yoke-strap, X.An.3.5.10: metaph., any bond of union or connexion, Pl.Ti. 31c, etc.; of the vowels, Id.Sph. 253a; δεσμοὶ πολιτείας, of the laws, Id.Lg. 793b; εἰς τὰ δεσμοῦ for binding material, PTeb.120.70 (i B. C.).2 in pl. (never δεσμά in this sense), bonds, chains,ἐκ δεσμῶν λυθῆναι A.Pr. 509
, 770; πρὶν ἂν ἐξ ἀγρίων δ. χαλάσῃ ib. 177;ἐν δεσμοῖσι S.Fr.63
;εἰς δεσμοὺς ἄγειν E.Ba. 518
;δεσμοῖς Th.7.82
; ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν δ., = δεσμοφύλαξ, Luc. Tox.29: in sg., collectively, bonds, imprisonment, δ. ἀχλυόεις Epigr. ap. Hdt.5.77 ( = IG12.394);οὐδὲν ἄξιον δεσμοῦ Hdt.3.145
;ἐν. δ. S.Ant. 958
;ἐν δημοσίῳ δ. δεθείς Pl.Lg. 864e
;ἔδησεν ἑαυτὸν τιμησάμενος δεσμοῦ Lys.6.21
: metaph. of moral bondage, Porph.Abst.1.38, al.4 δ. ἄρθρου in Hp.Fract.37 is expld. by Gal. adloc. as ankylosis.5 spell, charm, Iamb.Myst.3.27. -
13 δεσμός
δεσμός, οῦ, ὁ pl. δεσμά (Diod S 14, 103, 3; Nicander, Ther. 317 and 728; JosAs 20:1 [cod. A and Pal 364]; Jos., Bell. 4, 143, Ant. 2, 60; Just., Ath.; Sb 7569, 21 [II B.C.], s. also Mayser 285; PGM 36, 143 and 57, 5) Lk 8:29; Ac 16:26; 20:23; 1 Cl 5:6; 55:2; IEph 11:2; ITr 12:2; ISm 10:2; IPol 2:3; AcPlCor 2:35; δεσμοί (Hom., Od. 8, 296b; Nicander, Ther. 479; Polyaenus 2, 31, 3; SIG2 588, 6; PTebt 886, 69; POxy 2424, 16; Sb 9379 IV 2, 4 al.; Ath. 21:3) Phil 1:13. Both forms also in Attic ins (Meisterhans3-Schw. 143, 3) and LXX (Thackeray 154); Philo (Somn. 1, 181-ά, Sacr. Abel. 81-οί); δέσμοις En 14:5; TestSol; TestJos.—B-D-F §49, 3; W-S. §8, 12; Crönert 175, 3; Reinhold 54; Mlt-H. 121f.① that which serves as a means of restraint by tying or fastening, bond, fetter (Hom.+)ⓐ lit. of the bond or hindrance that prevents mutes Mk 7:35 or crippled persons Lk 13:16 from using their members (s. Dssm., LO 258ff [LAE 306ff], and cp. SIG 1169, 43). Pl. bonds, fetters (δ. λύειν Orig., C. Cels. 2, 34, 15) Lk 8:29; Ac 16:26; 20:23; 22:30 v.l.; 23:29; 26:29, 31; Jd 6 (on the mythological aspect s. LfgrE s.v. for ancient reff.); δ. φορεῖν be in bonds (=δεσμοφορέω) 1 Cl 5:6; sim. ἔχω AcPlCor 2:35; παραδιδόναι εἰς δ. give over to bondage 55:2; τὰ δ. περιφέρειν IEph 11:2; cp. IMagnMai 1, 2. πεῖραν λαμβάνειν δεσμῶν (cp. Vett. Val. 68, 17 δεσμῶν πεῖραν λαμβάνοντες) become acquainted w. bonds Hb 11:36. On B 14:7 (Is 42:7) cp. πεδάω. ῥαγῆναι τὰ δεσμὰ ἀπὸ τῶν χερῶν μου so that the fetters broke away from my hands AcPl Ha 3, 12; ἔλυσεν τὰ δεσμά released the bonds 3, 14; ἐπὶ τῶν δ. about the bonds 3, 16 (cp. Mel., Fgm. 10 ἵνα δεσμῶν Ἰσαὰκ λυθῇ).—Oft. simply in ref. to the locale where bonds or fetters are worn imprisonment, prison (Diod S 14, 103, 3; Lucian, Tox. 29; Jos., Ant. 13, 294; 302, Vi. 241; Just., A I, 67, 6 al.) Phil 1:7, 13f, 17; Col 4:18; Phlm 10. μέχρι δεσμῶν 2 Ti 2:9. ἐν τοῖς δ. τοῦ εὐαγγελίου in imprisonment for the gospel Phlm 13; cp. ISm 11:1; Pol 1:1.ⓑ fig. (Herm. Wr. 7, 2b φθορᾶς δ.) δ. κακίας IEph 19:3 (cp. τῆς ἁμαρτιάς Did., Gen. 47, 17). Without qualification (Orig., C. Cels. 8, 57, 2) IPhld 8:1; πεπίστευκα θεῷ, ὸ̔ς ἐκ δ. ἐρύσατο τὸν κόσμον ὅλον I believe that God has released the entire world from its fetters AcPl Ha 3, 7. Of divine punishment 2 Cl 20:4 (s. Bihlmeyer app.).② someth. that holds pers. together in a common interest, bond fig. ext. of the lit. sense in 1 (Timagenes [I B.C.]: 88 Fgm. 5 Jac. [in Jos., Ant. 13, 319] ‘bond of circumcision’; EpArist 265 εὐνοίας δ.; Tat. 15, 2 δ. τῆς σαρκὸς ψυχή; sim. Iren. 1, 21, 5 [Harv. I 188, 8]; δ. τοῦ σώματος Hippol., Ref. 7, 38, 5) δ. τῆς ἀγάπης τοῦ θεοῦ bond of God’s love 1 Cl 49:2 (cp. Theodor. Prodr. 5, 245 H. τὰ δεσμὰ τῆς ἀγάπης).—EDNT. DELG s.v. δέω 1 p. 270. M-M. TW. -
14 ὑψόω
ὑψόω fut. ὑψώσω; 1 aor. ὕψωσα. Pass.: 1 fut. ὑψωθήσομαι; 1 aor. ὑψώθην; 1 pf. ptc. ὑψωμένος Jer 17:12 (fr. ὕψι ‘on high’, formed like its opposite ταπεινόω; since Hippocr.; also SIG 783, 45 [I B.C.]; PBrem 14, 7 [II A.D.]; LXX; pseudepigr.; Jos., Bell. 1, 146; 3, 171; Mel.)① to lift up spatially, lift up, raise high τινά or τί someone or someth. (Batrach. 81; TestAbr A 9 p. 87, 14 [Stone p. 22]; 10, p. 87, 17 [St. p. 22]; JosAs 12:3; PGM 4, 2395; 2989f) Μωϋσῆς ὕψωσεν τὸν ὄφιν Moses lifted up the serpent by fastening it to a pole in the sight of all J 3:14a. In the same way Christ is lifted up on the cross vs. 14b (Mel., P. 95, 727; cp. Artem. 4, 49 ὑψηλότατον εἶναι τὸν ἐσταυρωμένον; 1, 76 p. 69, 11; 2, 53; Ps.-Callisth. 2, 21, 26 ἔσεσθε περιφανεῖς κ. διάσημοι πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ἐπὶ τὸν σταυρὸν κρεμασθέντες [a play on words w. an ambiguous expr. which, by using the word ‘outstanding’, can mean social position as well as being lifted up on a cross before the eyes of all]); for J this ‘lifting up’ is not to be separated fr. the ‘exaltation’ into heaven, since the heavenly exaltation presupposes the earthly 8:28; 12:32 (ἐκ τῆς γῆς; CTorrey, JBL 51, ’32, 320–22)—12:34 (Hdb. on J 3:14; CLattey, Le verbe ὕψ. dans St. Jean: RSR 3, 1912, 597f; CLindeboom, ‘Verhoogd worden’ in Joh. 3:14: GereformTT 15, 1915, 491–98; MBlack, Aramaic Approach3 141; OCullmann, TZ 4, ’48, 365f; WThüsing, Die Erhöhung und Verherrlichung Jesu im J, ’60; JSchaberg, Daniel 7:12 and the NT Passion-Resurrection Predictions, NTS 31, ’85, 208–22 [the Aramaic equivalent of ὑψωθῆναι is אזדקיף, meaning both ‘to be exalted’ and ‘to be crucified or hanged’, 217f]). τῇ δεξιᾷ τοῦ θεοῦ ὑψωθείς exalted (to heaven) by the Power (δεξιός 1b, end) of God Ac 2:33. Marking the transition to sense 2 are passages in which ἕως οὐρανοῦ ὑψωθῆναι is a metaphor for crowning w. the highest honors (cp. PsSol 1:5; ApcEsdr 4:32) Mt 11:23; Lk 10:15.② to cause enhancement in honor, fame, position, power, or fortune, exalt fig. ext. of 1 (Polyb. 5, 26, 12 [opp. ταπεινοῦν]; Plut., Mor. 103e; LXX). God exalts τινά someone (TestJos 1:7; 18:1) ταπεινούς (cp. Ezk 21:31; EpArist 263) Lk 1:52; cp. Js 4:10; 1 Pt 5:6. Pass. (TestReub 6:5; SibOr 3, 582) Mt 23:12b; Lk 14:11b; 18:14b; 2 Cor 11:7.—τοῦτον (i.e. Christ) ὁ θεὸς ἀρχηγὸν ὕψωσεν God has exalted him as leader Ac 5:31. God τὸν λαὸν ὕψωσεν ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτου has made the people great (in numbers and in power) in Egypt 13:17.—ὑψοῦν ἐαυτόν exalt oneself, consider oneself better than others (TestJos 17:8; Hippol., Ref. 10, 14, 6; cp. ParJer 6:23 ὑψώθη ἡ καρδία ὑμῶν) Mt 23:12a; Lk 14:11a; 18:14a; B 19:3; D 3:9; Hm 11:12; Hs 9, 22, 3.—DELG s.v. ὕψι. M-M. TW. -
15 βάλανος
A acorn, Od.10.242, 13.409, Arist.HA 603b31, Thphr.HP3.8.3: any similar fruit, date, Hdt.1.193, X.An.2.3.15, Arr.Ind.11.8; Διὸς β. v. Διοσβάλανος; β. μυρεψική bān, Balanites aegyptiaca, Dsc.4.157, cf. Thphr.HP4.2.1.II from similarity of shape,6 Medic., suppository, Hp.Epid.1.26.ά, Aret.CA 1.1.b pledget, pessary, Hp.Mul.1.84.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > βάλανος
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16 τρύπημα
A that which is bored, a hole, Eup.354; in the ψῆφος, Arist.Ath.69.1; τ. νεώς, i. e. one of the holes through which the oars worked, Ar. Pax 1234; in the flute, Archyt. 1, Plu.2.389d; in a gate-fastening, the hole for the βάλανος, Aen. Tact. 18.3; ῥαφίδος (cf. τρυμαλιά) Ev.Matt.19.24;μυρμήκων AP11.78
(Lucill.); sens. obsc., Ar.Ec. 624, Hermog. Id.2.3, Procop.Arc.9.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τρύπημα
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17 ἁρμονία
A means of joining, fastening,γόμφοις μιν.. καὶ ἁρμονίῃσιν ἄρηρεν Od.5.248
; of a ship, ὄφρ' ἂν.. ἐν ἁρμονίῃσιν ἀρήρῃ ib. 361.2 joint, as between a ship's planks, τὰς ἁ. ἐν ὦν ἐπάκτωσαν τῇ βύβλῳ caulked the joints with papyrus, Hdt.2.96;τῶν ἁρμονιῶν διαχασκουσῶν Ar.Eq. 533
; also in masonry,αἱ τῶν λίθων ἁ. D.S.2.8
, cf. Paus.8.8.8,9.33.7.3 in Anatomy, suture, Hp. Off.25, Oss.12; union of two bones by mere apposition, Gal.2.737; also in pl., adjustments, .4 framework,ῥηγνὺς ἁρμονίαν.. λύρας S.Fr. 244
;βοός Philostr.Im.1.16
; esp. of the human frame,ἁρμονίην ἀναλυέμεν ἀνθρώποιο Ps.-Phoc.102
;νεύρων καὶ κώλων ἔκλυτος ἁ. AP7.383
(Phil.);τὰς ἁ. διαχαλᾷ τοῦ σώματος Epicr.2.19
.b of the mind, δύστροπος γυναικῶν ἁ. women's perverse temperament, E.Hipp. 162 (lyr.).II covenant, agreement, in pl.,μάρτυροι.. καὶ ἐπίσκοποι ἁρμονιάων Il.22.255
.IV in Music, stringing,ἁ. τόξου καὶ λύρας Heraclit.51
, cf. Pl.Smp. 187a: hence, method of stringing, musical scale, Philol.6, etc., Nicom.Harm.9; esp. octave,ἐκ πασῶν ὀκτὼ οὐσῶν [φωνῶν] μίαν ἁ. συμφωνεῖν Pl.R. 617b
;ἑπτὰ χορδαὶ ἡ ἁ. Arist. Metaph. 1093a14
, cf. Pr. 919b21; of the planetary spheres, in Pythag. theory, Cael.290b13, Mu.399a12, etc.2 generally, music,αὐτῷ δὲ τῷ ῥυθμῷ μιμοῦνται χωρὶς ἁ. Id.Po.1447a26
.3 special type of scale, mode,ἁ. Λυδία Pi.N.4.46
; Αἰολίς or - ηΐς Pratin.Lyr.5, Lasus I, cf. Pl.R. 398e, al., Arist.Pol. 1276b8, 1341b35, etc.b esp. the enharmonic scale, Aristox.Harm.p.I M., Plu.2.1135a, al.4 ἁρμονίαν λόγων λαβών a due arrangement of words, fit to be set to music, Pl.Tht. 175e.6 metaph. of persons and things, harmony, concord, Pl.R. 431e, etc.V personified, as a mythical figure, h.Ap. 195, Hes.Th. 937, etc.; Philos., like φιλότης, principle of Union, opp. Νεῖκος, Emp.122.2, cf. 27.3.VI Pythag. name for three, Theol. Ar.16.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἁρμονία
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18 ἐπίζευξις
II. Gramm., repetition of a word, Hdn. Fig.p.99 S., Phoeb.Fig.1.3.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπίζευξις
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19 ὅρκος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `oath' (Il.), `object to swear by', orig. of the water of the Styx (Β 755, Hes., h. Cer. 259).Compounds: Compp., e.g. ὁρκ-ωμότης m. `who takes an oath' (Arc., Locr. inscr. VI--Va) with ὁρκωμοτ-έω `to take an oath' (trag. a.o.), compound of ὅρκον ὀμόσαι with τη-suffix; εὔ-ορκος `swearing rightly, faithful to one's oath' (Hes.) with εὑορκ-έω, ἔν-ορκος `bound by oath' (Att.) with ἐνορκ-ίζομαι `to bind by oath'; but ἔξορκος `sworn' (Pi.) backformation from ἐξ-ορκόω, - ορκίζω; on ἐπί-ορκος s. v.; πεντορκ-ία f. "taking of five oaths", `oath by five gods' (Locr. Va), with ία-suffix.Derivatives: 1. ὅρκια pl., rarely - ιον n. `objects to swear by, oath pledge, animals sacrificed for an oath, oath, solemn treaty' (Il.), ὅρκιος `belonging to an oath, sworn by' (Att., Leg. Gort.). 2. ὁρκικός `belonging to an oath' (Stoic.). 3. ὁρκόω, - ῶσαι, often w. ἐξ-, `to make one swear, to put under oath' (IA.) with ὁρκώματα pl. `oath' (A.), ὁρκωτής m. `who makes swear, who puts one under oath' (Att.; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 199 f.), ἐξόρκω-σις f. `swearing, adjuration' (Hdt., J.). 4. ὁρκίζω, - ίσαι, Dor. fut. ὁρκιξεω (Delph.), also w. δι-, ἐξ-, `to make one swear, to adjure, to administer an oath' (Ion., X., D., hell., also Dor., s. Fraenkel Denom. 86 a. 147) with ὁρκίσματα pl. `adjurations' (Megara I--IIp), ( δι-, ἐξ-)-ὁρκισμός m. `swearing, adjuration' (LXX, Plb.), ἐξορκισ-τής m. `exorcist' ( Act Ap.). 5. ὁρκίλλομαι `to swear in vain' (Phot.), as if from dimin.-pejor. *ὁρκίλος. 6. - ορκέω only in derivv. from compp. with analogical formations: εὑορκ-έω (with εὑορκ-ία) from εὔ-ορκος(s. above), ψευδορκ-έω from ψεύδ-ορκος (Risch IF 59, 258), with ἐμπεδ-, ἀληθ-, δυσ-, παρ-ορκέω a.o.; on ἐπι-ορκέω s. v. -- On itself stands, with quite diff. meaning ὁρκάνη f. `enclosure' (A., E.) beside late ἑρκάνη as Όργάνη beside Έργάνη (s. on ὄργανον and ἔργον); cf. also Ο῝ρκατος PN (Calymna IIa), s. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 147.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Formally ὅρκος seems to be connected with ἕρκος `fence' (thus already Eust. a. EM); it would be then prop. so much as "bound(s), which one assumes" (Solmsen KZ 32, 275), "limitation, tie, obligation"; such a meaning is indeed found in ὅρκοι δεσμοὶ σφραγῖδος H. [or read *σφραγῖδες?] ; cf. also ὁρκάνη. A convincing argumentation however must still be found. Several attempts by Schroeder (in WP. 2, 528): ὅρκος prop. "fastening" beside ἕρκος "obstruction"; by Luther "Wahrheit" und "Lüge" 90ff. (s. also Weltansicht und Geistesleben 86 ff.): ὅρκος prop. a magical power, that pales in the swearer (*ἕρκει); by Bollack REGr. 71, 1ff.: ὅρκος orig. = Στύξ, taken as worldembracing fence ( μέγας ὅρκος); s. also Hiersche ibd. 35 ff. -- New etymology by Leumann Hom. Wörter 91 f.: ὅρκος = Lat. * sorcus or * surcus in surculus `twig' (diff. on surculus [: surus `twig'] e.g. W.-Hofmann s.v.); so prop. `the staff, which is raised when swearing'; ὄμνυμι `swear' prop. *'grasp'; ὅρκον ὀμόσαι `grasp the staff' ( θεοὺς ὀμόσαι imitation). Criticism by Luther, Bollack a. Hiersche l.c.; cf. also Benveniste Vocab. institutions 2, 165ff. cf. alo the lit. on ὄμνυμι. Further s. ἕρκος.Page in Frisk: 2,418-419Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὅρκος
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20 πήγνυμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: to fix, to stick, to join, to congeal or to coagulate' (Il.).Other forms: Dor. Aeol. πάγ-, also - ύω (X., Arist.), πήσσω, - ττω (hell.), aor. πῆξαι ( ἔπηκτο Λ 378; Schwyzer 751; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 383), pass. παγῆναι, πηχθῆ-ναι, fut. πήξω, perf. act. intr. πέπηγα (all Il.), trans. plqu. ἐπεπήχεσαν (D. C.), midd. πέπηγμαι (D. H., Arr.).Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. ἐν-, συν-, κατα-, παρα-. Compounds: πηγεσί-μαλλος `dense of wool' (Γ 197; - εσι- prob. only enlarging, Schwyzer 444 w. n. 4); - πηξ, e.g. in ἀντί-πηξ, - γος f. `kind of chest' (E.; Bergson Eranos 58, 12 ff.); ναυ-πηγ-ός m. `shipbuilder' (Att. etc.); - πηγ-ής and - παγ-ής, e.g. εὑ-πηγ-ής. εὑ-παγ-ής `well built' (φ 334, Pl.), περιπηγ-ής `frozen around' (Nic.); συμπαγ-ής `put together' (Pl.).Derivatives: A. From the full grade: 1. πηγός `solid, dense, strong' (ep. poet. I 124), prob. prop, `fixing' (cf. Schwyzer 459, Chantraine Form. 13); second. `white', also `black' (late poetry; wrongly concluded from Hom., Kretschmer Glotta 31, 95ff., Leumann Hom. Wörter 214 n. 8, to it also Reiter Die griech. Bez. der Farben weiß, grau und braun 74 f.). 2. πηγάς, - άδος f. `hoar-frost, rime' (Hes.); 3. πηγυλίς f. `frosty, icecold' (ξ 476, A. R.), `hoar-frost, rime' (AP a.o.). 3. πῆγμα ( διά-, παρά-, σύμ-, πρόσ- πήγνυμι a.o.) n. `smth. joint together, stage, scaffold etc.' (Hp., hell.; coni. ap. A. Ag. 1198), - μάτιον (Ph., Procl.); 4. πῆξις ( σύμ-, ἔκ-, ἔμ- πήγνυμι a.o.) f. `fixing, fastening, coagulation' (Hp., Arist.); πήγνυσις f. `id.' (Ps.-Thales). 5. πηκτός, Dor. πᾱκ- ( κατά-, σύμ-, εὔ- πήγνυμι a.o.) `solid etc.' (in Att.); πηκτή f. `set up net, framework' (Ar., Arist.), πακτά f. `fresh cheese' (Theoc. a.o.; cf. Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 47); ἐμπήκτης m. `one who sticks up (the Athen. judicial notes)' (Arist.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 74); πηκτίς (Dor. Aeol. πακ-), - ίδος f. name of a Lydian harp (IA.); πηκτικός ( ἐκ- πήγνυμι) `making coagulate, congeal' (Thphr.. Dsc.). 6. πηγετός m. = παγ- (D. P.). -- B. From the zero grade: πάγος, - ετός, - ερός, πάγη, πάξ, πάχνη, s. vv. (not πάσσαλος); also πάγιος `stout, solid' (Pl., Arist.) and παγεύς m. `pedestal' (Hero). Further also πᾰκ-τός in καταπακ-τός, (Hdt.) and πακτό-ω ( ἐπι-, ἐμ- πήγνυμι) `to fix' (IA.; πακτός for trad. πηκτός in Hom.?; Wackernagel Unt. 11 f.).Etymology: Beside the νυ-present πήγ-νυ-μι (with second. full grade) stands in Latin and Germ. a zero grade formation with nasalinfix: Lat. pa-n-g-ō `consolidate, fix together' (on the semant. agreement between Greek and Lat. Schulze KZ 57, 297 = Kl. Schr. 217), Germ., e.g. Goth. fahan, OHG fāhan from PGerm. * fa-n-χ-an (IE *paḱ- beside *paǵ-) `fasten, catch'. An analogous pair is ζεύγ-νυ-μι: iu-n-g-ō. Also the reduplicated perfekt πέ-πηγ-α has a formal agreement in Lat. pe-pig-ī with zero grade as in opt. πεπαγοίην (Eup.). Phonet. identical are further πηγός and pāgus m. `district, village'; also, with secondary full grade, πηκτός and com-pāctus, πῆξις and com-pācti-ō. The original zero grade is in πακτός and păctus ( sum, beside păciscor) retained. Zero grade also, without direct connection with the Greek formations πάγος etc., in Germ., e.g. OS fac n. `encompassing frontier, NHG Fach. -- An aspirated byform Meillet finds BSL 36, 110 in Arm. p'akem `close, shut off'. -- Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 2 f., Pok. 787f., W.-Hofmann s. pangō and pacīscō. (Not here πήγανον.)Page in Frisk: 2,525-526Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πήγνυμι
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