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1 τοῖιν
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2 τοίιν
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3 τοῖιν
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4 τοιιν
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5 δεξιός
δεξιός, rechts; Wurzel Δεκ-, verwandt δέκομαι, δἐχομαι; Nebenform δεξιτερός, Latein. dexter; Sanskrit dahshas »tüchtig«, »tauglich«, dakshinas »rechts«. Zunächst war δεξιός Bezeichnung der rechten Hand, welche zum Empfangen, Fassen, δέχεσϑαι, tauglicher ist als die linke Hand, δεξιὰ χείρ wörtlich »die zum Fassen geeignete, bestimmte Hand«; von der Hand wurde diese Bezeichnung sodann auf alles dieser Seite Angehörige ausgedehnt; vgl. s. v. δέκα und Curtius Grundzüge der Griech. Etymol. 1, 55. 104. 200. 2, 315. Mit χείρ scheint δεξιός, δεξιὰ χείρ, bei Homer nicht vorzukommen; start dessen sagt er δεξιτερὴ χείρ, s. δεξιτερός. Aber substantwirt δεξιά »die Rechte« start »die rechte Hand« Iliad. 10, 542, τοὶ δὲ χαρέντες δεξιῇ ἠσπάζοντο ἔπεσσί τε μειλιχίοισιν; übertragen auf den durch Handschlag der Rechten bekräftigten Vertrag, Iliad. 2, 341. 4, 159 σπονδαί τ' ἄκρητοι καὶ δεξιαί, ᾗς ἐπέπιϑμεν. Von anderen Körpertheilen: δεξιὸν ὦμον Odyss. 17, 462, μαζὸν δεξιόν Iliad. 4, 481, γλουτὸν δεξιόν Iliad. 13, 651. Von der rechten Seite im Allgemeinen: Iliad. 7, 238 οἶδ' ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδ' ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν ἀζαλέην; Iliad. 13, 308 πῇ τ' ἂρ μέμονας καταδῠναι ὅμιλον; ἦ ἐπὶ δεξιόφιν παντὸς στρατοῠ, ἦ ἀνὰ μέσσους, ἦ ἐπ' ἀριστερόφιν; von einem auf der rechten Seite des Gespanns gehenden Pferde, Iliad. 23. 336 αὐτὸς δὲ κλινϑῆναι ἐυπλέκτῳ ἐνὶ δίφρῳ ἦκ' ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ τοῖιν· ἀτὰρ τὸν δεξιὸν ἵππον κένσαι ὁμοκλήσας, εἶξαί τέ οἱ ἡνία χερσίν. ἐν νύσσῃ δέ τοι ἱππος ἀριστερὸς ἐγχριμφϑήτω. Die rechte Seite war bei den Griechischen Wahrsagern die glückliche; der Wahrsager stand mit dem Gesichte nach Norden, rechts war Osten: Iliad. 12, 239 τύνη δ' οἰωνοῖσι κελεύεις πείϑεσϑαι, τῶν οὔ τι μετατρέπομ' οὐδ· ἀλεγίζω, εἴτ' ἐπὶ δεξί' ἴωσι πρὸς ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε, εἴτ' ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ τοίγε ποτὶ ζόφον ἠερόεντα, vgl. Lehrs Aristarch. p. 177. Daher Iliad. 13, 821 δεξιὸς ὄρνις = ein Glück verkündender, ἃς ἄρα οἱ εἰπόντι ἐπέπτατο δεξιὸς ὄρνις, αίετὸς ὑψιπέτης; Odyss. 24, 312 ἦ τέ οἱ ἐσϑλοὶ ἔσαν ὄρνιϑες ἰόντι, δεξιοί; Iliad. 24, 294 οἰωνὸν δεξιόν; 10, 274 τοῖσι δὲ δεξιὸν ἧκεν ἐρωδιὸν Παλλάς; Odyss. 2, 154 Iliad. 24, 320. Vgl. ἐνδέξιος und ἐπιδέξιος. – Folgende: 1) rechter Hand, auf der rechten Seite, Ggstz von links, überall; zur Rechten, τοῠ Ἑλληςπόντου Her. 6, 37; ἐπὶ τὰ δεξιά 2, 36; τὰ ἐπὶ δεξιά Plat. Conv. 177 d u. öfter; ἐκ τῶν δεξιῶν ἐπὶ τὰ ἀριστερά Tim. 77 e; εἰς δεξιά 43 b; vgl. Rep. IV, 436 c; εἰς τὰ δεξιὰ χειρός Soph. frg. 527 d; ἐπὶ δεξιὰ χειρός Theocr. 25, 18; κατὰ δεξιὰ χειρός Arat. Phaen. 706; δεξιά, rechts, Pol. 3, 82. Das fem. gew. ohne χείρ, die Rechte; ἐκ δεξιᾶς Ar. Equ. 631; Plat. Euthyd. 271 a; ἐν δεξιᾷ Her. 7, 217; Thuc. 3, 24; Plat. Phaed. 89 a; τὰ ἐν δεξιᾷ Phaedr. 266 e u. öfter; bes. als Ortsbestimmung, ἐν δεξιᾷ ἔχειν, oft Thuc., auch λαβεῖν, 7, 1; πορεύεσϑαι τὴν εἰς δεξιάν Plat. Rep. X, 614 c; ἐπὶ δεξιᾷ Arist. – Zeichen der Zusage, Handschlag, Zusicherung, δεξιὰν διδόναι καὶ λαμβάνειν, Versprechungen leisten u. empfangen, d. i. Verträge mit einander schließen, Xen. An. 1, 6, 6 u. öfter; φέρειν 2, 4, 1, Versprechungen überbringen; πέμπειν Ages. 3, 4. – 2) = αἴσιος, Glück verkündend, günstig; Aesch. Prom. 489; Eur. Phoen. 1189; ἀετός Xen. Cyr. 2, 1, 1; An. 9, 23; βροντή Cyr. 7, 1, 3. – 3) geschickt, gewandt, im Ggstz des Linkischen, auch = gescheidt, klug; δεξιὸς νόῳ ἀντίπαλος Pind. I. 4, 61; δεξιώτατος ἀρετᾶν ὀπαδός N. 3, 8; ἔϑνος δεξιώτερον Her. 1, 60; οἱ πολλοὶ κακουργοὶ ὄντες δεξιοὶ κέκληνται Thuc. 3, 82; öfter bei Ar., der δεξιοὶ καὶ χρηστοί vrbdt, Plut. 387; δεξιὸς ποιητής, ϑεατής, Ran. 71 Nubb. 513; λέγειν δεξιόν τι, etwas gescheidtes sagen, Equ. 96; δεξιώτατα εἰπεῖν Eccl. 159; vgl. Nubb. 149; Plat. δεξιὰ καὶ κομψά Legg. I, 634 a; περὶ τὰς δίκας Hipp. 225 c; τινὶ πρός τι, behülflich zu etwas, Luc. Necyom. 13.
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6 ξυνιημι
(fut. συνήσω, impf. συνίην и συνίειν, aor. συνῆκα, aor. 2 σύνην, pf. συνεῖκα)1) сводить(σ. τινας μάχεσθαι Hom.)
συνέσθαι ἀμφὴ γάμῳ Hom. — договориться насчет брака2) редко med. слышать, воспринимать(θεᾶς ὄπα Hom.; τὸν Αἵμονος φθόγγον ξ. Soph.)
3) внимать, слушатьεἰ δ΄ ἄγε νῦν ξυνίει Hom. — ну слушай же;
μεῦ βουλέων ξύνιεν Hom. — они внимали моим советам4) замечать(τοῖϊν ξυνέηκε Hom.)
οὐ συνῆκα ἡδύς τινι διὰ σὲ γεγενημένος Luc. — я не заметил, чтобы стал из-за тебя кому-л. приятным5) понимать(Hom., Arph.; σ. ἀλλήλων Her.)
ξ. ἑλληνιστί τὰ πλεῖστα Xen. — понимать по-гречески почти все;ξυνῆκα τοὖπος Soph. — я понял (твою) речь;ξυνιέντες τὰ ναυτικά Xen. — знающие морское дело;ἀκούετε καὴ συνίετε NT. — слушайте и разумейте -
7 συνιημι
(fut. συνήσω, impf. συνίην и συνίειν, aor. συνῆκα, aor. 2 σύνην, pf. συνεῖκα)1) сводить(σ. τινας μάχεσθαι Hom.)
συνέσθαι ἀμφὴ γάμῳ Hom. — договориться насчет брака2) редко med. слышать, воспринимать(θεᾶς ὄπα Hom.; τὸν Αἵμονος φθόγγον ξ. Soph.)
3) внимать, слушатьεἰ δ΄ ἄγε νῦν ξυνίει Hom. — ну слушай же;
μεῦ βουλέων ξύνιεν Hom. — они внимали моим советам4) замечать(τοῖϊν ξυνέηκε Hom.)
οὐ συνῆκα ἡδύς τινι διὰ σὲ γεγενημένος Luc. — я не заметил, чтобы стал из-за тебя кому-л. приятным5) понимать(Hom., Arph.; σ. ἀλλήλων Her.)
ξ. ἑλληνιστί τὰ πλεῖστα Xen. — понимать по-гречески почти все;ξυνῆκα τοὖπος Soph. — я понял (твою) речь;ξυνιέντες τὰ ναυτικά Xen. — знающие морское дело;ἀκούετε καὴ συνίετε NT. — слушайте и разумейте -
8 πρόσθεν
πρόσθεν, and in Poets [full] πρόσθε, also in [dialect] Ion. Prose (Hdt.1.11, al., cf. ἐπίπροσθε); [dialect] Dor. and [dialect] Aeol. [full] πρόσθα A.D.Adv.153.20, E.M.424.12 (in elision πρόσθ', Alcm.73, Sapph.Supp.1.5); [dialect] Dor. also [full] πρόθεν (cf. ὄπιθεν), Greg.Cor.p.222S.: Adv.A as Prep. with gen.:I of Place or Space, before,στῆ πρόσθ' αὐτοῖο Il.5.170
;πεζὸς πρόσθ' ἵππων 13.385
, cf. 392, etc.; ;π. ποδῶν Od.22.4
, cf. Il.23.877; ἐκ δὲ τὼ ἀΐξαντε πυλάων π. μαχέσθην before, i.e. outside, 12.145, cf. 9.473;νῆσος.. π. Σαλαμῖνος τόπων A.Pers. 447
; π. Μυρμιδόνων πολεμιζέμεν in front of them, at their head, Il.16.220; ἐν τῷ π. τοῦ στρατεύματος in front of.., X.Cyr.5.3.52;εἰς τὸ π. τῶν ὅπλων ἐκαθέζοντο Id.An.3.1.33
;εἰς τὸ π. τινῶν θεῖναί τι ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν Pl.R. 618a
: with collat. notion of defence, [σάκος] πρόσθε στέρνοιο φέρων Il.7.224
;στὰς πρόσθεν νέκυος 16.321
; τάων οὔτοι π. ἵσταμαι I defend them not, 4.54: hence, for, on behalf of,π. φίλων τοκέων ἀλόχων τε καὶ υἱῶν 21.587
, cf. 16.833;ὅς τε ἑῆς π. πόλιος λαῶν τε πέσῃσιν Od.8.524
.2 with Verbs of motion,π. ἕθεν φεύγοντα Il.5.56
, 80, 20.402;π. δὲ κί' αὐτοῦ 15.307
.3 metaph.,οὐδὲν ἐς π. κακῶν E.Hec. 961
: of preference,ἄγειν τινὰ π. τινός Id.Ba. 225
;π. τιθέναι τί τινος Id.Hec. 129
(anap.), cf. IG22.1299.58;αἰσχρὰ π. τοῦ καλοῦ ζητεῖν E.Fr.659.7
.II of Time, before,πρόσθ' ἄλλων Il.2.359
, cf.S.Ph. 778; τοῖιν δ' ἔγνω π. first of the twain, Il.13.66, cf. Hes.Th. 746;ἐμοῦ π. A.Pers. 529
;τοῦ χρόνου π. θανοῦμαι S.Ant. 462
;π. ἑσπέρας X.Cyr.7.5.43
.—The gen. sts. stands before πρόσθεν, Il.4.54, etc., cf. supr. When it seems to be folld. by a dat., this dat. must be connected with the Verb, and πρόσθεν taken as Adv., v. infr. B. 1.1.B as Adv.:I of Place or Space, before, in front,π. λέων ὄπιθεν δὲ δράκων Il.6.181
, Hes.Th. 323;π. δέ οἱ δόρυ τ' ἔσχε καὶ ἀσπίδα Il.5.300
, cf. 315;π. δέ οἱ ποίησε γαλήνην Od.5.452
;πρόσθ' ὁρόων θάνατον Il.20.481
; ὁ π. the front rank man, X.Cyr.2.2.8; τὰ π. ib.6.3.2; τὰ π. (sc. σκέλη ) the forelegs (of a horse), Id.Eq.1.12;ἡ χώρα ἡ π. Plb. 3.80.3
; προῆγε εἰς τὸ π. on, forward, Id.4.66.5;ἀεὶ τοῦ π. ὀρεγόμενοι Id.3.84.12
: with collat. notion of defence,π. σάκεα σχέθον Il.4.113
; ἥ τοι π. στᾶσα βέλος ἄμυνεν ib. 129.2 with Verbs of motion, before, in front,π. ἔφευγε 22.158
;ἥ οἱ π. ἰοῦσα 20.95
;π. ἡγεμονεύειν Od.22.400
, 24.155; ἵππους π. βαλεῖν, v. βάλλω A.11.5; ἐς τὸ πρόσθε παριέναι forward, Hdt.8.89;πάριτ' εἰς τὸ π. Ar.Ach.43
;εἰς τὸ π. προΐωμεν Pl.R. 437a
, etc.; μηδεμίαν αἰσχύνην π. ποιεῖσθαι allow to stand in the way, Id.Lg. 732b.II of Time, before, formerly, erst,οὗ καὶ π. ἀρίστη φαίνετο βουλή Il.7.325
, etc.;οὔποτε π. S.Aj. 318
;οὔπω π. X.An.5.4.18
;ἔτι π. Pl.Sph. 242d
;σμικρῷ π. Id.Lg. 969b
; οἱ π. ἄνδρες the men of old, Il.9.524;τοῦ π. Κάδμου τοῦ πάλαι τ' Ἀγήνορος S.OT 268
;ὁ π. γεννηθείς Id.OC 375
; ἡ π. the elder, E.Ph.58; of things, οἱ π. πόνοι the former, earlier labours, A.Supp.52 (lyr.);ἁ π. ἱππεία S.El. 504
(lyr.);ὁ π. λόγος Id.OT 851
;ἡ π. ἡμέρα X.An.2.3.1
, etc.; τὰ π. what was said above, Pl.Phdr. 238b; also τὸ π., as Adv., formerly, Il.23.583, Od.4.688; ταὐτὰ τῷ π. the same as before, Pl.Phdr. 241b;τὰ π. A. Ag.19
.C folld. by a Particle, πρόσθεν, πρὶν.. before.., mostly with a neg.,οὐ πρόσθεν.., πρίν γε.. με ἴδηται Od.17.7
, cf. X.An.1.1.10, Cyr. 1.2.8, etc.; οὐ π. πρὶν ἤ.. ib.1.4.23: without a neg.,π. πρὶν τυχεῖν Pi.P.2.91
: alsoπ. ἢ.. S.OT 736
, El.82, 1333; ποτιτάσσει.. μὴ π. ἐξελθεῖν ἢ τὰν ματέρα κατακάνῃ Anon.Mythogr. in PSI9.1091.3.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πρόσθεν
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9 συνίημι
συνίημι, also [pref] ξυν-, [ per.] 2sg. ξυνίης [ῑ] S.El. 1347, Ar.Pl.45, ([etym.] συν-) Pl. Sph. 238e; [ per.] 3sg. and pl. συνίει, συνίουσι, LXX 1 Ki.18.15; imper.Aξυνίει Od.1.271
, etc. (ξύνιε Thgn.1240
is prob. corrupt); [ per.] 3sg. subj. ; inf. συνιέναι, [dialect] Ep. ; alsoσυνιεῖν Thgn. 565
, later , al.; part. (lyr.), ([etym.] συν-) Pl.Sph. 253b, etc.; later : [tense] impf.συνίην Ach.Tat.1.9
; συνίειν (s. v.l.) Luc.DDeor.6.2, Philops.39; [ per.] 3sg.ξυνίει X.An.7.6.9
; [ per.] 3pl.ξυνίεσαν Th.1.3
, [dialect] Ep.ξύνιεν Il.1.273
: [tense] fut.συνήσω Hdt.9.98
, Pl.Prt. 325e: [tense] aor. 1 , 1243, Hdt.5.92.γ, Ar.Ach. 101, etc.; [dialect] Ep.ξυνέηκα Il.1.8
, al.;ἐξυνῆκα Anacr.146
;ἐσύνηκα Alc.131
; but [tense] aor. 2 imper. ξύνες, S.Tr. 868; pl. σύνετε v.l. in Ev.Marc.7.14; part. , Hdt.1.24, 5.92.γ and ή; [dialect] Aeol.σύνεις Alc.Supp.4.10
; [dialect] Dor. inf.συνέμεν Pi.P.3.80
: [tense] pf.συνεῖκα Plb. 5.101.2
( συνηκέναι codd., corr. Schweigh.), etc.; [dialect] Dor. 1 plσυνείκαμες Plu.2.232d
; [tense] pf. part. συνεικώς prob. l. in J.Vit.45.--In Hom. we find of [tense] pres., only imper.ξυνίει Od.
l.c.; of[tense] impf., [ per.] 3pl. ξύνιεν for ξυνίεσαν, Il.1.273; of [tense] aor. 1, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. ξυνέηκε; of [tense] aor. 2, imper.ξύνες 2.26
, al.; of [tense] aor. 2 [voice] Med., [ per.] 3sg.ξύνετο Od.4.76
; subj. [ per.] 1pl.συνώμεθα Il.13.381
; all except the last form with ξυν-, though seldom required by the verse. [As in ἵημι, the [ per.] 1st syll. is short in [dialect] Ep., long in Trag. and Com.: Hes. however has συνῑέμεν (l.c., metri gr.); S. ξυνιημι in a dactylic verse, El. 131; and Ar. ξυνιημι in an iamb. trim., Av. 946, cf. Philem.123.3.]I bring or set together, in hostile sense, τίς τ' ἄρ σφωε.. ἔριδι ξυνέηκε μάχεσθαι; Il.1.8; ; but ἀμφοτέρῃς.. ἕνα ξυνέηκεν ὀϊστόν shot one arrow at both together, Musae.18.2 [voice] Med., come together, come to an agreement,ὄφρα.. συνώμεθα.. ἀμφὶ γάμῳ Il.13.381
.II metaph., perceive, hear, freq. in Hom. (who also has [voice] Med. in this sense,ἀγορεύοντος ξύνετο Od.4.76
);ὣς φάθ', ὁ δὲ ξυνέηκε Il.15.442
;εἰ δ' ἄγε νῦν ξυνίει Od.1.271
:—Constr., c. acc. rei,ξυνέηκε θεᾶς ὄπα φωνησάσης Il.2.182
;ἐμέθεν ξυνίει ἔπος Od.6.289
, cf. S.Ant. 1218, Ar. Pax 603: c. gen. pers.,νῦν δ' ἐμέθεν ξύνες ὦκα Il.2.26
; καὶ κωφοῦ συνίημι Orac ap.Hdt.1.47: rarely c.gen.rei,μευ βουλέων ξύνιεν Il.1.273
.2 to be aware of, take notice of, observe,τοῖιν Od.18.34
;τῶν δὲ σὺ μὴ ξύνιε Thgn.1240
(sed leg. ξυνίει): c. acc., Hdt.1.24: folld. by a relat.,ξύνες δὲ τήνδ', ὡς.. χωρεῖ S.Tr. 868
(lyr.): abs.,πολλά με καὶ συνιέντα παρέρχεται Thgn.419
.3 understand, ξ. ἀλλήλων understand one another's language, Hdt.4.114, Th.1.3; εὖ λέγοντος.. τοῦ Δελφικοῦ γράμματος οὐ ς. Pl.Alc.1.132c, cf. Lg. 791e: freq. c. acc. rei only, Pi.P.3.80, A.Pers. 361, Hdt.3.46, Ar.Pl.45, etc.; , cf. Ag. 1243, S.El. 1479;ξ. δὲ αὐτὸς Ἑλληνιστὶ τὰ πλεῖστα X.An.7.6.9
;δι' ἑρμηνέων ξ. τι Id.Cyr.1.6.2
;συνιέντες τὰ ναυτικά Id.HG1.6.4
: abs., τοῖς ξυνιεῖσιν to the intelligent, Thgn.904; in Com. dialogue, parenthetically, συνίης; like μανθάνεις; Lat. tenes? Alex.124.6, Diph.32.13; οὐχὶ ξυνίης; S.El. 1347;οὔπω ξυνῆκα A.Ag. 1112
: also folld. by a clause,οὐ ξυνιᾶσιν ὅκως.. Heraclit. 51
;ξυνίημ' ὅτι βούλει Ar.Av. 946
( ξυνῆχ' cj. Brunck);σ. τὸ γράμμα ὃ βούλεται Pl.Prm. 128a
, cf. Hdt.9.110: also, like other Verbs of perception, c. part.,ξυνιᾶσι τιμώμενοι Democr.95
; οὐ συνίης καταναλίσκων; Plu.2.231d;συνῆκα ἡδὺς γεγενημένος Luc.DDeor.2.1
, cf. Tim.8.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συνίημι
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10 ὁ
ὁ, [full] ἡ, τό, is, when thus written,A demonstr. Pronoun.B in [dialect] Att., definite or prepositive Article.C in [dialect] Ep., the so-called postpositive Article, = relative Pronoun, ὅς, ἥ, ὅ.—The nom. masc. and fem. sg. and pl., ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ, have no accent in codd. and most printed books, exc. when used as the relative ; but ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ differ only in writing from ὃ, ἣ, οἳ, αἳ ; the nom. forms of the article are said by Hdn.Gr.1.474 to be oxytone, and by A.D.Pron.8.7 not to be enclitic. The forms τῶν, τοῖς, ταῖς were barytone (i. e. τὼν, τοὶς, ταὶς ) in [dialect] Aeol. acc. to Aristarch. ap. A.D.Synt.51.26. For οἱ, αἱ some dialects (not Cypr., cf. Inscr.Cypr.135.30H., nor Cret., cf.Leg.Gort. 5.28, nor Lesbian, cf. Alc.81, Sapph.Supp.5.1 ) and Hom. have τοί, ταί (though οἱ, αἱ are also found in Hom.): other Homeric forms are gen. sg. τοῖο, gen. and dat. dualτοῖιν Od.18.34
, al.: gen. pl. fem. τάων [pron. full] [ᾱ], dat. τοῖσι, τῇς and τῇσι, never ταῖσι or ταῖς in Hom.— In [dialect] Dor. and all other dialects exc. [dialect] Att. and [dialect] Ion. the fem. forms preserve the old [pron. full] ᾱ instead of changing it to η, hence [dialect] Dor. etc. ἁ, τάν, τᾶς ; the gen. pl. τάων contracts in many dialects to τᾶν ; the gen. sg. is in many places τῶ, acc. pl. τώς, but Cret., etc., τόνς (Leg.Gort.7.7, al.) or τός (ib.3.50, al.) ; in Lesbian [dialect] Aeol. the acc. pl. forms are τοὶς, ταὶς, IG12(2).645 A13, B62 ; dat. pl. τοῖς, ταῖς (or τοὶς, ταὶς, v. supr.), ib.645 A8, ib.1.6 ; ταῖσι as demonstr., Sapph. 16. The [dialect] Att. Poets also used the [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. forms τοῖσι, ταῖσι ; and in Trag. we find τοὶ μέν.., τοὶ δέ.., for οἱ μέν.., οἱ δέ.., not only in lyr., as A.Pers. 584, Th. 295, 298 ;οἱ μέν.. τοὶ δ' S.Aj. 1404
(anap.) ; but even in a trimeter, A.Pers. 424. In [dialect] Att. the dual has usu. only one gender, τὼ θεώ (for τὰ θεά) And.1.113 sq. ; τὼ πόλεε Foed. ap. Th.5.23 ;τὼ ἡμέρα X.Cyr.1.2.11
;τὼ χεῖρε Id.Mem.2.3.18
;τοῖν χεροῖν Pl.Tht. 155e
;τοῖν γενεσέοιν Id.Phd. 71e
;τοῖν πολέοιν Isoc.4.75
(τά S.Ant. 769, Ar.Eq. 424, 484,ταῖν Lys.19.17
, Is.5.16, etc. have been corrected) ; in Arc. the form τοῖς functions as gen. dual fem., (Orchom., iv B.C.):—in Elean and [dialect] Boeot. ὁ, ἡ (ἁ), τό, with the addition of -ί, = ὅδε, ἥδε, τόδε, nom.pl. masc. τυΐ the following men, Schwyzer485.14 (Thespiae, iii B.C.), al., cf. infr. VIII. 5. (With ὁ, ἁ, cf. Skt. demonstr. pron. sa, sā, Goth. sa, sō, ONorse sá, sú, Old Lat. acc. sum, sam (Enn.): —with τό [from Τόδ] cf. Skt. tat (tad), Lat. is-tud, Goth. pata: —with τοί cf. Skt. te, Lith. tĩe, OE. pá, etc.:—with τάων cf. Skt. tāsām, Lat. is-tarum:— the origin of the relative ὅς, ἥ, ὅ (q. v.) is different.)A ὁ, ἡ, τό, DEMONSTR. PRONOUN, that, the oldest and in Hom. the commonest sense: freq. also in Hdt. (1.86,5.35,al.), and sts. in Trag. (mostly in lyr., A.Supp. 1047, etc.; in trimeters, Id.Th. 197, Ag.7, Eu. 174 ; τῶν γάρ.., τῆς γάρ.., Id.Supp. 358, S.OT 1082 ; seldom in [dialect] Att. Prose, exc. in special phrases, v. infr. VI, VII):I joined with a Subst., to call attention to it, ὁ Τυδεΐδης he—Tydeus' famous son, Il. 11.660; τὸν Χρύσην that venerable man Chryses, I.II: and so with Appellat., Νέστωρ ὁ γέρων N.— thataged man, 7.324 ; αἰετοῦ.. τοῦ θηρητῆρος the eagle, that which is called hunter, 21.252, al. ; also to define and give emphasis, τιμῆς τῆς Πριάμου for honour, namely that of Priam, 20.181 ; οἴχετ' ἀνὴρ ὤριστος a man is gone, and he the best, 11.288, cf. 13.433, al.: sts. with words between the Pron. and Noun,αὐτὰρ ὁ αὖτε Πέλοψ 2.105
;τὸν Ἕκτορι μῦθον ἐνίσπες 11.186
, cf. 703, al.:—different from this are cases like Il.1.409 αἴ κέν πως ἐθέλῃσιν ἐπὶ Τρώεσσιν ἀρῆξαι, τοὺς δὲ κατὰ πρύμνας τε καὶ ἀμφ' ἅλα ἔλσαι Ἀχαιούς if he would help the Trojans, but drive those back to the ships— I mean the Achaeans, where Ἀχ. is only added to explain τούς, cf. 1.472, 4.20, 329, al.II freq. without a Subst., he, she, it,ὁ γὰρ ἦλθε Il.1.12
, al.III placed after its Noun, before the Relat. Prons., ἐφάμην σὲ περὶ φρένας ἔμμεναι ἄλλων, τῶν ὅσσοι Λυκίην ναιετάουσι far above the rest, above those to wit who, etc., Il.17.172 ; οἷ' οὔ πώ τιν' ἀκούομεν οὐδὲ παλαιῶν, τάων αἳ πάρος ἦσαν.. Ἀχαιαί such as we have not heard tell of yet even among the women of old, those women to wit who.., Od.2.119, cf. Il.5.332 ;θάλαμον τὸν ἀφίκετο, τόν ποτε τέκτων ξέσσεν Od.21.43
, cf. 1.116, 10.74 :—for the [dialect] Att. usage v. infr.IV before a Possessive Pron. its demonstr. force is sts. very manifest, φθίσει σε τὸ σὸν μένος that spirit of thine, Il.6.407, cf. 11.608 ; but in 15.58, 16.40, and elsewh. it is merely the Art.V for cases in which the Homeric usage approaches most nearly to the Attic, v. infr. B. init.VI ὁ μέν.., ὁ δέ.. without a Subst., in all cases, genders, and numbers, Hom., etc.: sts. in Opposition, where ὁ μέν prop. refers to the former, ὁ δέ to the latter ; more rarely ὁ μέν the latter, the former,Pl.
Prt. 359e, Isoc.2.32,34: sts. in Partition, the one.., the other.., etc.—The Noun with it is regularly in gen. pl., being divided by the ὁ μέν.., ὁ δέ.., into parts,ἠΐθεοι καὶ παρθένοι.., τῶν δ' αἱ μὲν λεπτὰς ὀθόνας ἔχον, οἱ δὲ χιτῶνας εἵατο Il.18.595
;τῶν πόλεων αἱ μὲν τυραννοῦνται, αἱ δὲ δημοκρατοῦνται, αἱ δὲ ἀριστοκρατοῦνται Pl.R. 338d
, etc.: but freq. the Noun is in the same case, by a kind of apposition,ἴδον υἷε Δάρητος, τὸν μὲν ἀλευάμενον τὸν δὲ κτάμενον Il.5.28
, cf. Od.12.73, etc.: so in Trag. and [dialect] Att., S.Ant. 22, etc. ;πηγὴ ἡ μὲν εἰς αὐτὸν ἔδυ, ἡ δὲ ἔξω ἀπορρεῖ Pl.Phdr. 255c
; if the Noun be collective, it is in the gen. sg.,ὁ μὲν πεπραμένος ἦν τοῦ σίτου, ὁ δὲ ἔνδον ἀποκείμενος D.42.6
: sts. a Noun is added in apposition with ὁ μέν orὁ δέ, ὁ μὲν οὔτασ' Ἀτύμνιον ὀξέϊ δουρὶ Ἀντίλοχος.., Μάρις δὲ.. Il.16.317
-19, cf. 116 ;τοὺς μὲν τὰ δίκαια ποιεῖν ἠνάγκασα, τοὺς πλουσίους, τοὺς δὲ πένητας κτλ. D.18.102
, cf. Pl.Grg. 501a, etc.2 when a neg. accompanies ὁ δέ, it follows δέ, e.g. ;τὸν φιλόσοφον σοφίας ἐπιθυμητὴν εἶναι, οὐ τῆς μὲν τῆς δ' οὔ, ἀλλὰ πάσης Pl.R. 475b
;οὐ πάσας χρὴ τὰς δόξας τιμᾶν, ἀλλὰ τὰς μὲν τὰς δ' οὔ· οὐδὲ πάντων, ἀλλὰ τῶν μὲν τῶν δ' οὔ Id.Cri. 47a
, etc.3 ὁ μέν τις.., ὁ δέ τις.. is used in Prose, when the Noun to which ὁ refers is left indefinite,ἔλεγον ὁ μέν τις τὴν σοφίαν, ὁ δὲ τὴν καρτερίαν.., ὁ δέ τις καὶ τὸ κάλλος X.Cyr.3.1.41
;νόμους.. τοὺς μὲν ὀρθῶς τιθέασιν τοὺς δέ τινας οὐκ ὀρθῶς Pl.R. 339c
, cf. Phlb. 13c.4 on τὸ μέν.., τὸ δέ.., or τὰ μέν.., τὰ δέ.., v. infr. VIII.4.5 ὁ μέν is freq. used without a correspondingὁ δέ, οἱ μὲν ἄρ' ἐσκίδναντο.., Μυρμιδόνας δ' οὐκ εἴα ἀποσκίδνασθαι Il.23.3
, cf. 24.722, Th.8.12, etc.: also folld. byἀλλά, ἡ μὲν γάρ μ' ἐκέλευε.., ἀλλ' ἐγὼ οὐκ ἔθελον Od.7.304
; by ἄλλος δέ, Il.6.147, etc. ;τὸν μὲν.., ἕτερον δέ Ar.Av. 843
, etc. ;ὁ μέν.., ὃς δέ.. Thgn.205
(v.l. οὐδέ): less freq. ὁ δέ in the latter clause without ὁ μέν preceding, τῇ ῥα παραδραμέτην φεύγων, ὁ δ' ὄπισθε διώκων (for ὁ μὲν φεύγων) Il.22.157 ;σφραγῖδε.. χρυσοῦν ἔχουσα τὸν δακτύλιον, ἡ δ' ἑτέρα ἀργυροῦν IG22.1388.45
, cf.μέν D.
III ;γεωργὸς μὲν εἷς, ὁ δὲ οἰκοδόμος, ἄλλος δέ τις ὑφαντής Pl.R. 369d
, cf. Tht. 181d.6 ὁ δέ following μέν sts. refers to the subject of the preceding clause,τοῦ μὲν ἅμαρθ', ὁ δὲ Λεῦκον.. βεβλήκει Il. 4.491
;τὴν μὲν γενομένην αὐτοῖσι αἰτίην οὐ μάλα ἐξέφαινε, ὁ δὲ ἔλεγέ σφι Hdt.6.3
, cf. 1.66,6.9, 133,7.6 : rare in [dialect] Att. Prose,ἐπεψήφιζεν αὐτὸς ἔφορος ὤν· ὁ δὲ οὐκ ἔφη διαγιγνώσκειν τὴν βοήν Th.1.87
;ἔμενον ὡς κατέχοντες τὸ ἄκρον· οἱ δ' οὐ κατεῖχον X.An.4.2.6
: this is different from ὁ δέ in apodosi, v. infr. 7 ; also from passages in which both clauses have a common verb, v. ὅ γε 11.7 ὁ δέ is freq. used simply in continuing a narrative, Il.1.43, etc.; also used by Hom. in apodosi after a relat., v. ὅδε 111.3.8 the opposition may be expressed otherwise than by μέν andδέ, οὔθ' ὁ.. οὔθ' ὁ Il.15.417
;ἢ τοῖσιν ἢ τοῖς A.Supp. 439
;οὔτε τοῖς οὔτε τοῖς Pl.Lg. 701e
.VII the following usages prevailed in [dialect] Att. Prose,1 in dialogue, after καί, it was usual to say in nom. sg. masc. καὶ ὅς ; in the other cases the usual forms of the Art. were used (v.ὅς A.
II.I and cf. Skt. sas, alternat. form of sa) ; so, in acc.,καὶ τὸν εἰπεῖν Pl.Smp. 174a
, cf. X.Cyr.1.3.9, etc.; also in Hdt.,καὶ τὴν φράσαι 6.61
, al.2 ὁ καὶ ὁ such and such,τῇ καὶ τῇ ἀτιμίᾳ Pl.Lg. 721b
: but mostly in acc.,καί μοι κάλει τὸν καὶ τόν Lys.1.23
, cf. Pl.Lg. 784d ;τὰ καὶ τὰ πεπονθώς D.21.141
, cf. 9.68 ;τὸ καὶ τό Id.18.243
; ἀνάγκη ἄρα τὸ καὶ τό it must then be so and so, Arist.Rh. 1401a4, cf. 1413a22 ; but τὰ καὶ τά now one thing, now another, of good and bad, , cf. Pi.P.5.55,7.20, al.;τῶν τε καὶ τῶν καιρόν Id.O. 2.53
; so πάντα τοῦ μετρίου μεταβαλλόμενα ἐπὶ τὰ καὶ ἐπὶ τά, of excess and defect, Hp.Acut.46 ; cf. A. VI.8.VIII abs. usages of single cases,1 fem. dat. τῇ, of Place, there, on that spot, here, this way, that way, Il.5.752, 858, al.: folld. by ᾗ, 13.52, etc.: also in Prose,τὸ μὲν τῇ, τὸ δὲ τῇ X.Ath.2.12
.b with a notion of motion towards, that way, in that direction, Il.10.531,11.149, 12.124 ;τῇ ἴμεν ᾗ.. 15.46
; :—only poet.c of Manner, in this way, thus,Od.
8.510.d repeated, τῇ μέν.., τῇ δέ.., in one way.., in another.., or partly.., partly.., E.Or. 356, Pl.Smp. 211a, etc.: withoutμέν, τῇ μᾶλλον, τῇ δ' ἧσσον Parm.8.48
.e relat., where, by which way, only [dialect] Ep., as Il.12.118, Od.4.229.2 neut. dat. τῷ, therefore, on this account, freq. in Hom., Il.1.418, 2.254, al. (v. infr.): also in Trag., A.Pr. 239, S.OT 510 (lyr.) ; in Prose,τῷ τοι.. Pl.Tht. 179d
, Sph. 230b.b thus, so, Il.2.373, 13.57, etc.: it may also, esp. when εἰ precedes, be translated, then, if this be so, on this condition, Od.1.239,3.224, 258,al., Theoc.29.11.—In Hom. the true form is prob. τῶ, as in cod. A, or τώ, cf. A.D.Adv.199.2.3 neut. acc. τό, wherefore, Il.3.176, Od.8.332, al., S.Ph. 142(lyr.) ; also τὸ δέ abs., but the fact is.., Pl.Ap. 23a, Men. 97c, Phd. 109d, Tht. 157b, R. 340d, Lg. 967a ; even when the τό refers to what precedes, the contrast may lie not in the thing referred to, but in another part of the sentence (cf. supr. VI. 6),τὸ δ' ἐπὶ κακουργίᾳ.. ἐπετήδευσαν Th.1.37
;τὸ δὲ.. ἡμῖν μᾶλλον περιέσται Id.2.89
; φασὶ δέ τινες αὐτὸν καὶ τῶν ἑπτὰ σοφῶν γεγονέναι· τὸ δὲ οὐκ ἦν but he was not, Nic.Dam.58J.4 τὸ μέν.., τὸ δέ.., partly.., partly.., or on the one hand.., on the other.., Th.7.36, etc., cf.Od.2.46 ; more freq. τὰ μέν.., τὰ δέ.., Hdt.1.173, S.Tr. 534, etc.; alsoτὰ μέν τι.., τὰ δέ τι.. X.An.4.1.14
;τὸ μέν τι.., τὸ δέ τι.. Luc.Macr.14
;τὰ μέν.., τὸ δὲ πλέον.. Th.1.90
: sts. without τὸ μέν.. in the first clause,τὸ δέ τι Id.1.107
,7.48 : rarely of Time, τὰ μὲν πολλὰ.., τέλος δέ several times.. and finally, Hdt.3.85.5 of Time, sts. that time, sts. this (present) time, συνμαχία κ' ἔα ἑκατὸν ϝέτεα, ἄρχοι δέ κα τοΐ (where it is possible, but not necessary, to supply ϝέτος) SIG9.3 (Olympia, vi B.C.): so with Preps., ἐκ τοῦ, [dialect] Ep. τοῖο, from that time, Il.1.493,15.601.b πρὸ τοῦ, sts. written προτοῦ, before this, aforetime, Hdt.1.103, 122,5.55, A.Ag. 1204, Ar.Nu.5, etc.;ἐν τῷ πρὸ τοῦ χρόνῳ Th.1.32
, cf. A.Eu. 462 ;τὸ πρὸ τοῦ D.S.20.59
.c in Thess. Prose, ὑππρὸ τᾶς yesterday, τὰ ψαφίσματα τό τε ὑππρὸ τᾶς γενόμενον καὶ τὸ τᾶμον the decree which was passed yesterday (lit. before this [day]), and to-day's, IG9(2).517.43 (Larissa, iii B.C.).6 ἐν τοῖς is freq. used in Prose with Superlatives, ἐν τοῖσι θειότατον a most marvellous thing, Hdt.7.137 ; ἐν τοῖς πρῶτοι the very first, Th.1.6, etc.; ἐν τοῖσι πρῶτος ( πρώτοις codd.) Pherecr.145.4 ; [Ζεὺς] Ἔρωτά τε καὶ Ἀνάγκην ἐν τοῖς πρῶτα ἐγέννησεν first of all, Aristid. Or.43(1).16, cf. 37(2).2: when used with fem. Nouns, ἐν τοῖς remained without change of gender, ἐν τοῖς πλεῖσται δὴ νῆες the greatest number of ships, Th.3.17; ἐν τοῖς πρώτη ἐγένετο (sc. ἡ στάσις) ib.82 : also with Advbs.,ἐν τοῖς μάλιστα Id.8.90
, Pl.Cri. 52a, Plu.2.74e, 421d, 723e, Brut.6, 11,al., Paus.1.16.3, etc.;ἐν τοῖς χαλεπώτατα Th.7.71
; : in late Prose, also with Positives,ἐν τοῖς παράδοξον Aristid.Or.48(24).47
codd.; withπάνυ, ἐν τοῖς πάνυ D.H.1.19
, cf. 66 ( ἐν ταῖς πάνυ f.l. 4.14,15).B ὁ, ἡ, τό, THE DEFINITE ARTICLE, the, to specify individuals: rare in this signf. in the earliest Gr., becoming commoner later. In Hom. the demonstr. force can generally be traced, v. supr. A. I, but the definite Art. must be recognized in places like Il.1.167,7.412, 9.309, 12.289, Od.19.372 : also when joined to an Adj. to make it a Subst., the hindmost man,Il.
11.178 ;τὸν ἄριστον 17.80
;τὸν δύστηνον 22.59
;τὸν προὔχοντα 23.325
; τῷ πρώτῳ.., τῷ δευτέρῳ.., etc., ib. 265sq. ; also inτῶν ἄλλων 2.674
, al.: with Advs.,τὸ πρίν 24.543
, al.;τὸ πάρος περ 17.720
;τὸ πρόσθεν 23.583
; also τὸ τρίτον ib. 733 ;τὰ πρῶτα 1.6
,al.; τὸ μὲν ἄλλο for the rest, 23.454 ;ἀνδρῶν τῶν τότε 9.559
.—The true Art., however, is first fully established in fifth-cent. [dialect] Att., whilst the demonstr. usage disappears, exc. in a few cases, V. A. VI-VIII.—Chief usages, esp. in [dialect] Att.I not only with common Appellats., Adjs., and Parts., to specify them as present to sense or mind, but also freq. where we use the Possessive Pron.,τὸ κέαρ ηὐφράνθην Ar.Ach.5
; τὴν κεφαλὴν κατεάγην my head was broken, And.1.61, etc. ; τοὺς φίλους ποιούμεθα we make our friends, S.Ant. 190 ; τὰς πόλεις ἔκτιζον they began founding their cities, Th.1.12; .b omitted with pr.nn.and freq. with Appellats. which require no specification, as θεός, βασιλεύς, v. θεός 1.1, βασιλεύς III ; ἐμ πόλει in the Acropolis, IG12.4.1, al.: but added to pr. nn., when attention is to be called to the previous mention of the person, as Th. (3.70 ) speaks first of Πειθίας and then refers to him repeatedly as ὁ Π.; cf. Θράσυλος in Id.8.104, with ὁ Θ. ib. 105 ; or when the person spoken of is to be specially distinguished, Ζεύς, ὅστις ὁ Ζεύς whoever this Zeus is, E.Fr. 480 ; and therefore properly omitted when a special designation follows, as Σωκράτης ὁ φιλόσοφος: seldom in Trag. with pr. nn., save to give pecul. emphasis, like Lat. ille, ὁ Λάϊος, ὁ Φοῖβος, S.OT 729, El.35, etc.: later, however, the usage became very common (the Homeric usage of ὁ with a pr. n. is different, v. A.I).c Aristotle says Σωκράτης meaning the historical Socrates, as in SE183b7, PA642a28, al., but ὁ Σωκράτης when he means the Platonic Socrates, as Pol.1261a6, al.: so with other pr.nn., EN1145a21, 1146a21, al.2 in a generic sense, where the individual is treated as a type,οἷς ὁ γέρων μετέῃσιν.. λεύσσει Il.3.109
;πονηρὸν ὁ συκοφάντης D.18.242
, etc.b freq. with abstract Nouns,ἥ τε ἐλπὶς καὶ ὁ ἔρως Th.3.45
, etc.3 of outstanding members of a class, ὁ γεωγράφος, ὁ κωμικός, ὁ ποιητής, ὁ τεχνικός, v. γεωγράφος, κωμικός, ποιητής, τεχνικός.4 with infs., which thereby become Substs., τὸ εἴργειν prevention, Pl.Grg. 505b ; τὸ φρονεῖν good sense, S.Ant. 1348(anap.), etc.: when the subject is expressed it is put between the Art.and the inf., τὸ θεοὺς εἶναι the existence of gods, Pl.Phd. 62b ; τὸ μηδένα εἶναι ὄλβιον the fact or statement that no one is happy, Hdt.1.86.5 in neut. before any word or expression which itself is made the object of thought, τὸ ἄνθρωπος the word or notion man ; τὸ λέγω the word λέγω ; τὸ μηδὲν ἄγαν the sentiment 'ne quid nimis', E.Hipp. 265(lyr.); τὸ τῇ αὐτῇ the phrase τῇ αὐτῇ, Pl.Men. 72e : and so before whole clauses, ἡ δόξα.. περὶ τοῦ οὕστινας δεῖ ἄρχειν the opinion about the question 'who ought to rule', Id.R. 431e ; τὸ ἐὰν μένητε παρ' ἐμοί, ἀποδώσω the phrase 'I will give back, if.. ', X.Cyr. 5.1.21, cf. Pl.R. 327c, etc.;τοὺς τοῦ τί πρακτέον λογισμούς D.23.148
; τὸ ὀλίγοι the term few, Arist.Pol. 1283b11.6 before relat. clauses, when the Art. serves to combine the whole relat. clause into one notion, τῇ ᾗ φὴς σὺ σκληρότητι the harshness you speak of, Pl.Cra. 435a ; τὸν ἥμερον καρπόν.., καὶ τὸν ὅσος ξύλινος (i.e. καὶ τὸν καρπὸν ὅσος ἂν ᾖ ξύλινος) Id.Criti. 115b ;τῶν ὅσοι ἂν.. ἀγαθοὶ κριθῶσιν Id.R. 469b
;ἐκ γῆς καὶ πυρὸς μείξαντες καὶ τῶν ὅσα πυρὶ καὶ γῇ κεράννυται Id.Prt. 320d
, cf. Hyp.Lyc.2 ;ταύτην τε τὴν αἰτίαν καὶ τὴν ὅθεν ἡ κίνησις Arist.Metaph. 987a8
;τὸν ὃς ἔφη Lys.23.8
: hence the relat., by attraction, freq. follows the case of the Art., τοῖς οἵοις ἡμῖν τε καὶ ὑμῖν, i.e. τοῖς οὖσιν οἷοι ἡμεῖς καὶ ὑμεῖς, X.HG2.3.25, etc.7 before Prons.,a before the pers. Prons., giving them greater emphasis, but only in acc., ,Phlb. 20b ; τὸν.. σὲ καὶ ἐμέ ib. 59b ; ; on ὁ αὐτός, v. αὐτός 111.b before the interrog. Pron. (both τίς and ποῖος), referring to something before, which needs to be more distinctly specified, A.Pr. 251, Ar. Pax 696 ; also τὰ τί; because οἷα went before, ib. 693. Of τίς only the neut. is thus used (v.supr.): ποῖος is thus used not only in neut. pl., τὰ ποῖα; E.Ph. 707 ; but also in the other genders, ὁ ποῖος; ib. 1704 ; τῆς ποίας μερίδος; D.18.64 ; τοῖς ποίοις.. ; Arist.Ph. 227b1.c with τοιοῦτος, τοιόσδε, τηλικοῦτος, etc., the Art. either makes the Pron. into a Subst., that sort of person,X.
Mem.4.2.21, etc.; or subjoins it to a Subst. which already has an Art.,τὴν ἀπολογίαν τὴν τοιαύτην D.41.13
.8 before ἅπας, Pi.N.1.69, Hdt.3.64, 7.153 (s.v.l.), S.OC 1224 (lyr.), D.18.231, etc.; also τὸν ἕνα, τὸν ἕνα τοῦτον, Arist.Pol. 1287b8, 1288a19 : on its usage with ἕκαστος, v. sub voc.; and on οἱ ἄλλοι, οἱ πολλοί, etc., v. ἄλλος 11.6,πολύς 11.3
, etc.II elliptic expressions:1 before the gen. of a pr.<*>., to express descent, son or daughter, Θουκυδίδης ὁ Ὀλόρου (sc. υἱός) Th.4.104 ; Ἑλένη ἡ τοῦ Διός (sc. θυγάτηρ) E.Hel. 470 : also to denote other relationships, e.g. brother, Lys.32.24, Alciphr.2.2.10 ; ἡ Σμικυθίωνος Μελιστίχη M. the wife of S., Ar.Ec.46 ; Κλέαρχος καὶ οἱ ἐκείνου Cl. and his men, X.An.1.2.15 ; ὁ τοῦ Ἀντιγένεος the slave of A., Hp.Hum.20.2 generally, before a gen. it indicates a wider relation, as τὸ τῶν νεῶν, τὸ τῶν Ἑρμῶν, the matter of the ships, the affair of the Hermae, Th.4.23,6.60 ; τὰ τοῦ Ἀρριβαίου πράσσειν to promote the interests of Arrhibaeus, Id.4.83, cf. 6.89, etc.; τὸ τῆς τύχης,=ἡ τύχη, Id.4.18 ; τὰ τῆς τύχης accidents, chance events, ib.55 ; τὰ γὰρ φθιτῶν τοῖς ὁρῶσι κόσμος performance of the rites due to the dead befits the living, E.Supp.78(lyr.); τὰ τῶν θεῶν that which is destined by the gods, S.Tr. 498(lyr.): hence with neut. of Possessive Pron., τὸ ἐμόν, τὸ σόν, what regards me or thee, my or thy business or interests, S.Aj. 124, El. 251, etc.: and with gen. of 3 pers.,τὸ τῆσδε E.Hipp.48
. But τό τινος is freq. also, a man's word or saying, asτὸ τοῦ Σόλωνος Hdt.1.86
; τὸ τοῦ Ὁμήρου as Homer says, Pl.Tht. 183e ; also τά τινος so-and-so's house, Ar.V. 1432, D.54.7, Theoc.2.76, Herod.5.52, Ev.Luc.2.49.3 very freq. with cases governed by Preps.. αἱ ἐκ τῆς Ζακύνθου νῆες the ships from Zacynthus, Th.4.13 ; οἱ ἀμφί τινα, οἱ περί τινα, such an one and his followers, v. ἀμφί c.1.3, περί c.1.2 ; also τὰ ἐπὶ Θρᾴκης the Thrace-ward district, Th.1.59, al.; τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ καταστρώματος matters on deck, Id.7.70 ; τὰ ἀπ' Ἀλκιβιάδου the proposals of Alcibiades, Id.8.48 ; τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς τύχης the incidents of fortune, Id.2.87, etc.4 on μὰ τόν, μὰ τήν, etc., v. μά IV.5 in elliptical phrases, ἐπορευόμην τὴν ἔξω τείχους (sc. ὁδόν) Pl.Ly. 203a ; ἡ ἐπὶ θανάτῳ (sc. στολή, δέσις), v. θάνατος; κατὰ τὴν ἐμήν (sc. γνώμην), v. ἐμός 11.4 ; ἡ αὔριον (sc. ἡμέρα), v. αὔριον; ἡ Λυδιστί (sc. ἁρμονία) Arist.Pol. 1342b32, etc.: freq. with Advs., which thus take an adj. sense, as ὁ, ἡ, τὸ νῦν;ὁ οἴκαδε πλοῦς Th.1.52
; οἱ τότε, οἱ ἔπειτα (sc. ἄνθρωποι), ib.9,10, etc. ; but τό stands abs. with Advs. of time and place, when one cannot (as in the preceding instances) supply a Subst., asκἀκεῖσε καὶ τὸ δεῦρο E.Ph. 266
, cf.[315] (lyr.);ὁ μὲν τὸ κεῖθεν, ὁ δὲ τὸ κεῖθεν Id.Or. 1412
(lyr.): rarely abs. in gen., ἰέναι τοῦ πρόσω to go forward, X.An.1.3.1 ;τοῦ προσωτάτω δραμεῖν S.Aj. 731
.C as RELATIVE PRONOUN in many dialects ; both in nom. sg. masc. ὅ, asκλῦθί μοι, ὃ χθιζὸς θεὸς ἤλυθες Od.2.262
, cf. 1.300, al. ;Ἔρως, ὃ κατ' ὀμμάτων στάζεις πόθον E.Hipp. 526
(lyr.);Ἄδωνις, ὃ κἠν Ἀχέροντι φιλεῖται Theoc.15.86
; ὃ ἐξορύξη he who banishes him, Schwyzer679.12,25 ([place name] Cyprus) ; and in the forms beginning with τ, esp. in Hom. (Od.4.160, al.), Hdt.1.7, al.: also in [dialect] Ion. Poets,ἐν τῷ κάθημαι Archil.87.3
, cf. Semon.7.3, Anacr.86 (prob.), Herod.2.64, al.: freq. in Trag., , Tr. 381, 728, E.Alc. 883 (anap.);τῷ S.Ph.14
; , Tr.47, El. 1144 ; τό Id.OT 1427 ; τῶν ib. 1379, Ant. 1086.—Never in Com. or [dialect] Att. Prose:—[dialect] Ep. gen. sg.τεῦ Il.18.192
(s.v.l.).D CRASIS OF ARTICLE:a [dialect] Att. ὁ, ἡ, τό, with [pron. full] ᾰ make ᾱ, as ἁνήρ, ἁλήθεια, τἀγαθόν, τᾄτιον; so οἱ, αἱ, τά, as ἅνδρες, τἀγαθά; also τοῦ, τῷ, as τἀγαθοῦ, τἀγαθῷ: ὁ, τό, οἱ, before e gives ου, οὑξ, οὑπί, οὑμός, τοὔργον, οὑπιχώριοι, etc.; also τοῦ, as τοὐμοῦ, τοὐπιόντος; but ἅτερος, θάτερον ([pron. full] ¯ ?ὁX?ὁX), [dialect] Ion. οὕτερος, τοὔτερον (v. ἕτερος), [dialect] Att. fem. ἡτέρα, dat. θητέρᾳ (v. ἕτερος); τῷ loses the iota, τὠμῷ, τὠπιόντι: ὁ, τό, before ο gives ου, as Οὁδυσσεύς, Οὑλύμπιος, τοὔνομα: ὁ, τό, etc., before αυ gives ᾱυ, αὑτός, ταὐτό, ταὐτῷ (freq. written ἁτός, etc. in Inscrr. and Pap.); so τὰ αὐτά=ταὐτά, αἱ αὐταί= αὑταί: ἡ before εὐ gives ηὑ, as ηὑλάβεια: τῇ before ἡ gives θη, as θἠμέρᾳ: τὸ before ὑ gives θου, as θοὔδωρ for τὸ ὕδωρ. -
11 ὁ
ὁ, ἡ, τό, epic forms, gen. τοῖο, du. τοῖιν, pl. τοί, ταί, gen. τάων, dat. τοῖσι, τῆς(ι): (1) as demonstrative pronoun, that, those, often merely an emphatic he, she, it, pl. they, them; οὐδὲ παλαιῶν ( γυναικῶν), | τάων αἳ πάρος ἦσαν, ‘those ancient,’ Od. 2.119; the emphatic after-position being common when the word is adjectival, cf. Il. 5.320, 332; the pron. is often foll. by a name in apposition, αὐτὰρ ὃ μήνιε.. Ἀχιλλεύς, ‘he, namely Achilles,’ Il. 1.488 ; ἣ δ' ἕσπετο Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη, Od. 1.125; freq. ὃ μὲν.. ὃ δέ, τὸ μὲν.. τὸ δέ, etc., the one.. the other, this.. that, etc. The word should be accented when used as a demonstrative.— (2) as definite article, the, a use denied by some to Homer, but the sense imperatively demands the later weakened force in many passages, and does not admit the stronger, Αἴᾶς δ' ὁ μέγας, Il. 16.358; αἰὲν ἀποκτείνων τὸν ὀπίστατον, Il. 8.342; τά τ ἐόντα τά τ ἐσσόμενα, Il. 1.70, and oftenest w. adjectives.— (3) as relative pronoun, who, which, esp., but not exclusively, the forms beginning with τ. The masc. sing. as rel. occurs, Il. 16.835, Il. 21.59, , Od. 1.254, Od. 2.262, Od. 4.777; πατρὸς, ὅ σ' ἔτρεφε τυτθὸν ἐόντα, Od. 11.67. τέ is often appended to the word when used relatively, ταί τε, ὅ τε, Od. 12.40.—For ὅ γε, see ὅγε.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ὁ
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12 ἡ
ὁ, ἡ, τό, epic forms, gen. τοῖο, du. τοῖιν, pl. τοί, ταί, gen. τάων, dat. τοῖσι, τῆς(ι): (1) as demonstrative pronoun, that, those, often merely an emphatic he, she, it, pl. they, them; οὐδὲ παλαιῶν ( γυναικῶν), | τάων αἳ πάρος ἦσαν, ‘those ancient,’ Od. 2.119; the emphatic after-position being common when the word is adjectival, cf. Il. 5.320, 332; the pron. is often foll. by a name in apposition, αὐτὰρ ὃ μήνιε.. Ἀχιλλεύς, ‘he, namely Achilles,’ Il. 1.488 ; ἣ δ' ἕσπετο Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη, Od. 1.125; freq. ὃ μὲν.. ὃ δέ, τὸ μὲν.. τὸ δέ, etc., the one.. the other, this.. that, etc. The word should be accented when used as a demonstrative.— (2) as definite article, the, a use denied by some to Homer, but the sense imperatively demands the later weakened force in many passages, and does not admit the stronger, Αἴᾶς δ' ὁ μέγας, Il. 16.358; αἰὲν ἀποκτείνων τὸν ὀπίστατον, Il. 8.342; τά τ ἐόντα τά τ ἐσσόμενα, Il. 1.70, and oftenest w. adjectives.— (3) as relative pronoun, who, which, esp., but not exclusively, the forms beginning with τ. The masc. sing. as rel. occurs, Il. 16.835, Il. 21.59, , Od. 1.254, Od. 2.262, Od. 4.777; πατρὸς, ὅ σ' ἔτρεφε τυτθὸν ἐόντα, Od. 11.67. τέ is often appended to the word when used relatively, ταί τε, ὅ τε, Od. 12.40.—For ὅ γε, see ὅγε.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἡ
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13 τό
ὁ, ἡ, τό, epic forms, gen. τοῖο, du. τοῖιν, pl. τοί, ταί, gen. τάων, dat. τοῖσι, τῆς(ι): (1) as demonstrative pronoun, that, those, often merely an emphatic he, she, it, pl. they, them; οὐδὲ παλαιῶν ( γυναικῶν), | τάων αἳ πάρος ἦσαν, ‘those ancient,’ Od. 2.119; the emphatic after-position being common when the word is adjectival, cf. Il. 5.320, 332; the pron. is often foll. by a name in apposition, αὐτὰρ ὃ μήνιε.. Ἀχιλλεύς, ‘he, namely Achilles,’ Il. 1.488 ; ἣ δ' ἕσπετο Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη, Od. 1.125; freq. ὃ μὲν.. ὃ δέ, τὸ μὲν.. τὸ δέ, etc., the one.. the other, this.. that, etc. The word should be accented when used as a demonstrative.— (2) as definite article, the, a use denied by some to Homer, but the sense imperatively demands the later weakened force in many passages, and does not admit the stronger, Αἴᾶς δ' ὁ μέγας, Il. 16.358; αἰὲν ἀποκτείνων τὸν ὀπίστατον, Il. 8.342; τά τ ἐόντα τά τ ἐσσόμενα, Il. 1.70, and oftenest w. adjectives.— (3) as relative pronoun, who, which, esp., but not exclusively, the forms beginning with τ. The masc. sing. as rel. occurs, Il. 16.835, Il. 21.59, , Od. 1.254, Od. 2.262, Od. 4.777; πατρὸς, ὅ σ' ἔτρεφε τυτθὸν ἐόντα, Od. 11.67. τέ is often appended to the word when used relatively, ταί τε, ὅ τε, Od. 12.40.—For ὅ γε, see ὅγε.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > τό
См. также в других словарях:
τοῖιν — τοῖϊν , ὁ lentil masc/neut gen/dat dual (epic) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
τοίιν — Α (αρθρ.) (επικ. γεν. και δοτ. τού δυϊκ.) βλ. ο … Dictionary of Greek
Местоимение в праиндоевропейском языке — Местоимение часть речи праиндоевропейского языка. Местоимения являются одним из самых устойчивых элементов индоевропейской лексики[1]. Однако, несмотря на их архаичность и устойчивость, реконструкцию затрудняет большое количество изменений… … Википедия
