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position+held

  • 1 τόπος

    τόπος, ου, ὁ (Aeschyl.+) prim. ‘place, position, region’.
    ① an area of any size, gener. specified as a place of habitation
    ⓐ inhabited geographical area: place, of a city, village, etc. (Manetho: 609 Fgm. 10, 238 Jac.; in Jos., C. Ap. 1, 238; Diod S 1, 15, 6; 2, 13, 6; 13, 64, 7; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 86; 2, 34) οἱ ἄνδρες τοῦ τόπου ἐκείνου (cp. Gen 29:22) Mt 14:35. Cp. Mk 6:11 (of the inhabitants); Lk 4:37; 10:1 (w. πόλις as 2 Ch 34:6; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 115); Ac 16:3; 27:2; Rv 18:17 (s. πλέω). ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ everywhere that people or Christians live (cp. Diod S 13, 22, 3 εἰς πάντα τόπον; Mal 1:11; TestDan 6:7; ParJer 5:32; Just., D. 41, 3, and on the exaggeration in epistolary style PLond III, 891, 9 p. 242 [IV A.D., Christian] ἡ εὐφημία σου περιεκύκλωσεν τ. κόσμον ὅλον) 1 Cor 1:2; 2 Cor 2:14; 1 Th 1:8; 2 Th 3:16 v.l.; MPol 19:1; AcPl Ha 6, 5 and15. Also κατὰ πάντα τόπον MPol ins ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ καὶ χρόνῳ D 14:3. This is perh. the place for τὸν τόπον καὶ τὸ ἔθνος J 11:48 (the Sin. Syr. and Chrysost. vol. VIII 386e take τόπ. to mean Jerusalem [cp. 2 Macc 3:2, 12]; but s. 1b below). ἐν ποίῳ τόπῳ where AcPl Ha 6, 12; without ἐν Hv 1:7 Joly. εἰς ἕτερον τόπον to another place (Dio Chrys. 70 [20], 2; Plut., Mor. 108d) Ac 12:17. Cp. AFridrichsen, Kgl. Hum. Vetensk. Samf. i. Uppsala, Årsbok ’43, 28–30.
    ⓑ inhabited structure: space, place, building et al. (Diod S 20, 100, 4 τόποι=buildings; POslo 55, 10 [c. 200 A.D.]; 1 Km 24:23; 2 Ch 25:10) Ac 4:31 (Stephan. Byz. s.v. Τρεμιθοῦς: the τόπος quakes at the παρουσία of Aphrodite). Esp. of a temple (2 Macc 5:17–20 [w. ἔθνος]; 10:7; 3 Macc 1:9ab al.; EpArist 81) perh. J 11:48 (s. 1a above; the same problem arises concerning τόπος PLond 2710 recto, 6: HTR 29, ’36, 40; 45f.—τ. of a temple Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 94, 20 [beg. II A.D.]; Jos., Ant. 16, 165); τόπος ἅγιος (cp. Is 60:13; 2 Macc 1:29; 2:18; 8:17) Mt 24:15; Ac 6:13; 21:28b.
    ⓒ a portion of a larger area: place, location (Diod S 2, 7, 5 τόπος τῆς πόλεως=the place on which the city stands; Just., D. 40, 2 ὁ τ. τῆς Ἰερουσαλήμ) ἔρημος τόπος (ἔρημος 1a) Mt 14:13; cp. vs. 15; Mk 1:35; 6:31f, 35; Lk 4:42; 9:12; GJs 17:3. Pl. Mk 1:45. πεδινός Lk 6:17. κρημνώδης Hv 1, 1, 3; Hs 6, 2, 6. καλός v 3, 1, 3b. τόπος τοῦ ἀγροῦ a place in the country 2, 1, 4; 3, 1, 3a; τοῦ σπηλαίου GJs 19:2 (cp. Just., D. 70, 1; 78, 6). Cp. Hv 2, 1, 1; Hs 6, 2, 4. On τόπος διθάλασσος Ac 27:41 s. διθάλασσος. Cp. τραχεῖς τόποι rocky places vs. 29. ὁ τόπος ὅπου (TestAbr B 10 p. 114, 13 [Stone p. 76]; ParJer 7:32; ApcMos 33; Just., D. 78, 8) the place where Mt 28:6; Mk 16:6; J 4:20; 6:23; 10:40; 11:30; 19:20, 41. ὁ τόπος ἔνθα GPt 13:56 (Just., A I, 19, 8; Mel., HE 4, 26, 14). ὁ τόπος ἐφʼ ᾧ ἕστηκας Ac 7:33 (cp. Ex 3:5). The dat. for εἰς w. acc. (B-D-F §199) ποίῳ τόπῳ ἀπῆλθεν Hv 4, 3, 7. ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ in every place (in Jerusalem) 1 Cl 41:2. Combined w. a name εἰς τόπον λεγόμενον Γολγοθᾶ Mt 27:33a. ἐπὶ τὸν Γολγοθᾶν τόπον Mk 15:22a.—Lk 23:33; J 19:13; Ac 27:8; Rv 16:16. W. gen.: κρανίου τόπος Mt 27:33b; Mk 15:22b; J 19:17 (s. κρανίον). τόπος τῆς καταπαύσεως Ac 7:49; B 16:2 (both Is 66:1; s. κατάπαυσις 1).—Pleonastic ἐν τόπῳ χωρίου Ῥωμαίων IRo insc. (s. τύπος 6c, end).—(Definite) place, (particular) spot, scene Lk 10:32; 19:5; 22:40; J 5:13; 6:10. ἐκεῖνον τὸν τόπον Papias (3:3) (Just., D. 3, 1 ἐκείνου τοῦ τόπου).
    ⓓ pl. regions, districts (Diod S 4, 23, 2; 13, 109, 2; Artem. 2, 9 p. 92, 28; PHib 66, 2; PTebt 281, 12 al.; EpArist 22; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 9) ἄνυδροι τόποι Mt 12:43; Lk 11:24. οἱ ἀνατολικοὶ τόποι the east 1 Cl 25:1. κατὰ τόπους in various regions (κατά B 1a) Mt 24:7; Mk 13:8; Lk 21:11. εἰς τοὺς κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν τόπους Ac 27:2 (Antig. Car. 172 εἰς τοὺς τόπους).
    ⓔ an abode: place, room to live, stay, sit etc. (UPZ 146, 31; 37 [II B.C.]) Rv 12:14. ἔτι τόπος ἐστίν there is still room Lk 14:22 (Epict. 2, 13, 10 ποῦ ἔτι τόπος; where is there still room?; Ath. 8, 4 τίς ἐστι τόπος;). οὐκ ἦν αὐτοῖς τόπος ἐν τῷ καταλύματι 2:7. οὐκ ἔνι τ. ἀπόκρυφος there was no hiding-place GJs 22:3. ἔχειν τόπον have (a) place Rv 12:6; cp. IPhld 2:2; Hv 3, 5, 5; 3, 7, 5; 3, 9, 5; m 12, 5, 4ab. ἑτοιμάσαι τινὶ τόπον J 14:2f (cp. Rv 12:6). δὸς τούτῳ τόπον make room for this person Lk 14:9a (Epict 4, 1, 106 δὸς ἄλλοις τόπον=make room for others). ὁ ἔσχατος τόπος (ἔσχατος 1 and 3) vss. 9b and 10 (on τόπος=‘a place to sit’, cp. Jos., Ant. 12, 210 οἱ τ. τόπους κατὰ τὴν ἀξίαν διανέμοντες; Epict. 1, 25, 27; Paus. Attic. α, 128 τόπος of a seat in a theater; Diog. L. 7, 22 ὁ τῶν πτωχῶν τόπ.=the place where the poor people sat [in the auditorium where Zeno the Stoic taught]; Eunap. p. 21; IPergamon 618, s. Dssm., NB 95 [BS 267]). ὁ τόπος αὐτῶν μετὰ τῶν ἀγγέλων ἐστίν their place is with the angels Hs 9, 27, 3. On ὁ ἀναπληρῶν τὸν τόπον τοῦ ἰδιώτου 1 Cor 14:16 s. ἀναπληρόω 4 (for τόπος=‘position’ s. TestAbr B 4 p. 108, 20 [Stone p. 64] ἕκαστος εἰς τὸν τόπον αὐτοῦ; Philo, Somn. 1, 238; Jos., Ant. 16, 190 ἀπολογουμένου τόπον λαμβάνων).
    ⓕ the customary location of someth.: the place where someth. is found, or at least should or could be found; w. gen. of thing in question ἀπόστρεψον τὴν μάχαιράν σου εἰς τὸν τόπον αὐτῆς Mt 26:52 (w. ref. to the sheath). ὁ τόπος τῶν ἥλων the place where the nails had been J 20:25 v.l. (Theodor. Prodr. 9, 174 ‘the mark’ of scratch-wounds). ὁ τόπος αὐτῆς its place, of the lampstand’s place Rv 2:5. Cp. 6:14. τόπος οὐχ εὐρέθη αὐτοῖς there was no longer any place for them (Da 2:35 Theod.—Ps 131:5) 20:11; cp. 12:8. Non-literal use οὐκ ἂν δευτέρας (sc. διαθήκης) ἐζητεῖτο τόπος there would have been no occasion sought for a second (covenant) Hb 8:7. On τὸν τῆς ὑπακοῆς τόπον ἀναπληρώσαντες 1 Cl 63:1 s. ἀναπληρόω 3. ἀποκατασταθήσῃ εἰς τὸν τόπον σου (cod. A οἶκον) you will be restored to your former circumstances Hs 7:6.
    ⓖ a transcendent site: esp. of the place to which one’s final destiny brings one. Of the place of salvation (Tob 3:6 ὁ αἰώνιος τόπος; TestJob 49:2 τοῦ ὑψηλοῦ τόπου; JosAs 22:9 τῆς καταπαύσεως; ApcSed 16:5 ἀναψύξεως καὶ ἀναπαύσεως; Ath. 22, 7 οὐράνιον τόπον): 2 Cl 1:2. πορεύεσθαι εἰς τὸν ὀφειλόμενον τόπον τῆς δόξης 1 Cl 5:4. εἰς τὸν ὀφειλόμενον αὐτοῖς τόπον παρὰ τῷ κυρίῳ Pol 9:2. ὁ ἅγιος τόπος 1 Cl 5:7. Cp. 44:5; B 19:1.—ὁ ἴδιος τόπος can be neutral (PGM 4, 3123; Cyranides p. 120, 6), a place where one is destined to go IMg 5:1. But the expr. can also gain its specif. mng. fr. the context. Of a place of torment or evil (TestAbr A 13 p. 93, 12 [Stone p. 34; foll. by κολαστήριον]; TestAbr B 10 p. 114, 10 [Stone p. 76]; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 30. 178 ὁ τῶν ἀσεβῶν τ. Proclus on Pla., Cratylus p. 72, 7 Pasqu.) Ac 1:25b; cp. Hs 9, 4, 7; 9, 5, 4; 9, 12, 4. W. gen. ὁ τόπος τῆς βασάνου Lk 16:28.
    ② a specific point of reference in a book, place, passage (Polyb. 12, 25f, 1; Περὶ ὕψους 9, 8 [=p. 18, 5 V.]; 1 Esdr 6:22 v.l.; Philo, De Jos. 151; Jos., Ant. 14, 114; Just., D. 112, 4; cp. Περὶ ὕψους 3, 5 [=p. 8, 6 V.]) Lk 4:17. Cp. 1 Cl 8:4; 29:3; 46:3.
    ③ a position held in a group for discharge of some responsibility, position, office (Diod S 1, 75, 4 in a judicial body; 19, 3, 1 of a chiliarch [commander of 1,000 men]; Ps.-Callisth. 2, 1, 5 the τόπος of the priest-prophetess; ins [ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΑ 7, ’34, p. 179 ln. 50, 218 B.C.]; pap; Dssm., NB 95 [BS 267]) λαβεῖν τὸν τόπον τῆς διακονίας Ac 1:25a. For ἐκδίκει σου τὸν τόπον IPol 1:2 s. ἐκδικέω 3. τόπος μηδένα φυσιούτω let high position inflate no one’s ego ISm 6:1. τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν ἴδιος ὁ τόπος προστέτακται a special office has been assigned the priests 1 Cl 40:5.—44:5. εἰς τὸν τόπον τοῦ Ζαχαρίου GJs 24:4.
    ④ a favorable circumstance for doing someth., possibility, opportunity, chance (Just., D. 36, 2 ἐν τῷ ἁρμόζοντι τόπῳ at the appropriate point in the discussion; w. gen. Polyb. 1, 88, 2 τόπος ἐλέους; Heliod. 6, 13, 3 φυγῆς τόπος; 1 Macc 9:45) τόπον ἀπολογίας λαβεῖν have an opportunity to defend oneself Ac 25:16 (cp. Jos., Ant. 16, 258 μήτʼ ἀπολογίας μήτʼ ἐλέγχου τόπον ἐχόντων). μετανοίας τόπον εὑρεῖν Hb 12:17; διδόναι (cp. Wsd 12:10) 1 Cl 7:5. In the latter pass. the persons to whom the opportunity is given are added in the dat. (cp. Plut., Mor. 62d; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 14 III, 15 [I A.D.] βασιλεῖ τόπον διδόναι=give a king an opportunity; Sir 4:5). μηδὲ δίδοτε τόπον τῷ διαβόλῳ do not give the devil a chance to exert his influence Eph 4:27. δότε τόπον τῇ ὀργῇ give the wrath (of God) an opportunity to work out its purpose Ro 12:19 (on ὀργῇ διδόναι τόπον cp. Plut., Mor. 462b; cp. also δὸς τόπον νόμῳ Sir 19:17. On Ro 12:19 s. ESmothers, CBQ 6, ’44, 205–15, w. reff. there; Goodsp., Probs. 152–54). τόπον ἔχειν have opportunity (to do the work of an apostle) 15:23.
    ⑤ idiom: ἐν τῷ τόπῳ οὗ ἐρρέθη αὐτοῖς …, ἐκεῖ κληθήσονται (=LXX Hos 2:1) is prob. to be rendered instead of their being told …, there they shall be called Ro 9:26 (cp. Hos 2:1 בִּמְקוֹם אֲשֶׁר ‘instead of’ s. HWolff, Hosea [Hermeneia] ’74, 27; Achmes 207, 17 ἐν τῷ τόπῳ ἐκείνῳ=instead of that).—DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > τόπος

  • 2 ἄτιμος

    ἄτιμος, ον (s. ἀτιμία; Hom.+; Epict. 4, 6, 3; OGI 218, 103; 140; 338, 29; 527, 8; pap; LXX; TestJob 18:3; ἀτίμως 24:10; Philo; Jos., Ant. 4, 136, C. Ap. 2, 191; Just., Mel., P. 37, 256 al.)
    ① pert. to being without honor or respect, dishonored, despised, of pers. in disrepute 1 Cor 4:10 (opp. ἔνδοξος ‘held highly’); 1 Cl 3:3 (opp. ἔντιμος as Synes., Ep. 79, 226d [comp.]; cp. Is 3:5); despised εἶδος 16:3 (Is 53:3); οὐκ ἄ. εἰ μή honored everywhere, except Mt 13:57; Mk 6:4.
    ② pert. to being considered relatively unimportant, insignificant of things that do not elicit special admiration or attention, comp. held in less esteem μέλη 1 Cor 12:23 (of parts of the body also Aristot., Part. An. 3, 672b, 21 τὸ τιμιώτερον κ. ἀτιμότερον, ‘more esteemed … less esteemed’, a distinction made in terms of dependency, lower members being at the service of upper ones; Artem. 4, 25. On the subject-matter s. Heraclit. Sto. 19 p. 29, 3 ἡ κεφαλὴ ἐν τῷ σώματι τὴν κυριωτάτην εἰληχυῖα τάξιν=the head has the most distinguished position in the body; line 9 κυριώτατον μέρος. S. also εὐσχήμων 1). ἀτιμοτάτη ὑπηρεσία the lowliest service Dg 2:2.—DELG s.v. τιμή. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἄτιμος

  • 3 χείρ

    χείρ, ἡ, χειρός, χειρί, χεῖρα, dual χεῖρε, χεροῖν, pl. χεῖρες, χερῶν, χεῖρας, penult. being regularly short, when the ult. is long; dat. pl. regularly χερσί ( χειρσί occurs in cod.Vat. of LXX, as Jd.7.19, 1 Ch.5.10, and late Inscrr. as CIG2811
    A b.10 ([place name] Aphrodisias), 2942c ([place name] Tralles): but Poets used the penult. long or short in all cases, as the verse required, χερός, χερί, χέρα, χέρε, χέρες, χέρας (of which Hom. uses only

    χερί; χέρα h.Pan.40

    ); gen. dual

    χειροῖν S.El. 206

     (lyr.), 1394 (lyr.), IG22.1498.76; gen. pl. χειρῶν ib.31, common in Prose.—Poet. forms, dat. pl. χείρεσι ([etym.] ν ) once in Hom., Il.20.468, also Q.S.2.401, 5.469 (v.l.);

    χείρεσσι Il.12.382

    , Pi.O.10(11).62, S.Ant. 976 (lyr.), 1297 (lyr.), and once in trim., E.Alc. 756; χέρεσσι ([etym.] ν) Hes.Th. 519, 747, B.17.49;

    χερέεσσιν AJA36.460

     ([place name] Galatia):—[dialect] Dor. nom. [full] χέρς Timocr.9; [full] χήρ Sophr. in PSI11.1214a3 (also, = δίψακος, Ps.-Dsc.3.11); gen.

    χηρός Alcm.32

    , IG42(1).121.22 (Epid., iv B. C.); acc. pl. χῆρας ib.96, [dialect] Aeol.

    χέρρας Alc.Supp.4.21

    , Theoc.28.9.—On the accent and declension of these forms, v. Hdn.Gr.2.277, 748:— the hand, whether closed,

    παχεῖα Il.3.376

    ;

    βαρεῖα 11.235

    , al.; or open, flat, χερσὶ καταπρηνέσσι, χειρὶ καταπρηνεῖ, 15.114, Od.13.164, al.;

    εἰς τὴν χ. ἐγχεάμενοί τι X.Cyr.1.3.9

    : freq. in pl. where a single hand is meant, Il.23.384, etc.; reversely, sg. where more than one hand is spoken of, e.g. Od.3.37, etc.; dual joined with pl.,

    ἄμφω χεῖρας 8.135

    ;

    χεῖρε ἀμφοτέρας Il.21.115

    .
    2 hand and arm, arm (cf. Ruf.Onom.11,82, Gal.2.347),

    πῆχυν χειρὸς δεξιτερῆς Il.21.166

    ;

    κατὰ χεῖρα μέσην ἀγκῶνος ἔνερθε 11.252

    ;

    χεῖρες ἀπ' ὤμων ἀΐσσοντο Hes.Th. 150

    ;

    χ. εἰς ὤμους γυμναί Longus 1.4

    ; ἐν χερσὶ γυναικῶν πεσέειν into the arms, Il.6.81, etc.: hence, words are added to denote the hand as distinct from the arm,

    ἄκρην οὔτασε χεῖρα 5.336

    ;

    περὶ ἄκραις ταῖς χ. χειρῖδας ἔχουσι X.Cyr.8.8.17

    , cf. Pl. Prt. 352a.
    3 of the hand or paw of animals,

    ὅσα [ζῷα] χεῖρας ἔχει X.Mem.1.4.14

    ; πορεύεσθαι ἐπὶ χειρῶν go on all fours. LXX Le.11.27; so of monkeys, Arist.HA 502b3; of the fore-paws of the hyena, Id.Fr. 369; of the bear, Plu.2.919a.
    II Special usages:
    1 to denote position, ποτέρας τῆς χερός; on which hand? E.Cyc. 681;

    ἐπὶ δεξιὰ χειρός Pi.P.6.19

    ;

    ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ χειρός Od.5.277

    ;

    χειρὸς εἰς τὰ δεξιά S.Fr. 598

    ;

    λαιᾶς χειρός A.Pr. 714

     (but χείρ is often omitted with δεξιά, ἀριστερά, as we say the right, the left).
    2 freq. in dat. of all numbers with Verbs which imply the use of hands, λάβε χειρί, χερσὶν ἑλέσθαι, Il.5.302, 10.501;

    χερσὶν ἀσπάζεσθαι Od.3.35

    ;

    προκαλίζεσθαι 18.20

    ; χειρί, χεροῖν ψαῦσαι, S.OT 1510, 1466: sts. this dat. is added pleon. by way of emphasis,

    ὄνυξι συλλαβὼν χερί Id.Aj. 310

    .
    3 gen., by the hand,

    χειρὸς ἔχειν τινά Il.4.154

    ;

    χειρὸς ἑλών 1.323

    , etc.; γέροντα δὲ χειρὸς ἀνίστη he raised him by the hand, 24.515, cf. Od.14.319;

    χερὶ χειρὸς ἑλών Pi.P.9.122

    ;

    τινὰ χειρός ἑλκειν Id.N.11.32

    ;

    ἀνέλκειν τινὰ τῆς χ. Ar.V. 569

     (anap.).
    4 the acc. is used when one takes the hand of a person,

    χεῖρα γέροντος ἑλών Il. 24.361

    ;

    χεῖρ' ἕλε δεξιτερήν Od.1.121

    ; χεῖράς τ' ἀλλήλων λαβέτην, in pledge of good faith, Il.6.233; so

    ἔμβαλλε χ. δεξιὰν πρώτιστά μοι S.Tr. 1181

    ; also

    ἔμβαλλε χειρὸς πίστιν Id.Ph. 813

    , cf. OC 1632.
    5 other uses of the acc.:
    a in prayer or entreaty, χεῖρας ἀνασχεῖν [θεοῖς] Il.3.275, etc.;

    ποτὶ γούνασι χεῖρας βάλλειν Od.6.310

    ;

    ἀμφὶ.. Ἀρήτης βάλε γούνασι χεῖρας Ὀδυσσεύς 7.142

    ;

    ἀμφὶ δὲ χεῖρας δειρῇ βάλλ' Ὀδυσῆϊ 23.207

    ;

    ἀμφί τινι χεῖρε β. 21.223

    ;

    περίβαλε δὲ χέρας Ar.Th. 914

    , cf. A.Ag. 1559 (anap.);

    χεῖρας προΐσχεσθαι Th.3.58

    , 66; so also

    χεῖρας ἀείρων Od.11.423

    , cf. Il.7.130 (tm.); χ. ἀνατείνειν (v.

    ἀνατείνω 1.1

    ).
    b τὰς χεῖρας αἴρειν to hold up hands in token of assent or choice, of persons voting, Ar.Ec. 264;

    τὴν χ. αἴρειν And.3.41

    ;

    ὅτῳ δοκεῖ ταῦτα, ἀράτω τὴν χ. X.An.5.6.33

    , cf. 7.3.6; ἀνατεινάτω τὴν χ. ib.3.2.9, 33;

    χεῖρας ὀρεγνύς Il.22.37

    ;

    χεῖρ' ὀρέγων εἰς οὐρανόν 15.371

    ;

    χεῖρας ὀ. τινί Od.12.257

    ;

    πρός τινα Pi. P.4.240

    ;

    ποτὶ στόμα χεῖρ' ὀρέγεσθαι Il.24.506

     (but χεῖρά τισι ὀ. to reach them one's hand in help, X.HG5.2.17); also

    χεῖρε ἑτάροισι πετάσσας Il.4.523

    , etc.;

    πιτνὰς εἰς ἐμὲ χεῖρας Od.11.392

     (but χεῖρε πετάσσας abs., of one swimming, etc., 5.374, al.).
    c [Ἰλίου] χεῖρα ἑὴν ὑπερέσχε held the hand over
    I as a protector, Il.9.420, etc.: less freq. τισι, 4.249, cf. 5.433;

    χεῖρά θ' ὕπερθεν ἔχεις IG14.1003.10

     ([place name] Rome).
    d in hostile sense, χεῖρας or χεῖρα ἐπιφέρειν τινί, Il.1.89, 19.261, al.;

    χεῖρας ἐφιέναι τινί 1.567

    , Od.1.254, al.;

    χεῖρας ἐπιβάλλειν τισί Plb.3.2.8

    , etc.;

    χέρα τινὶ προσενεγκεῖν Pi.P.9.36

    ; χεῖρας ἐπί τινι ἰάλλειν, v. ἰάλλω 1.1.
    e χεῖρας ἀπέχειν keep hands off,

    λοιμοῖο βαρείας χεῖρας ἀφέξει Il.1.97

     codd.;

    κερτομίας δέ τοι.. καὶ χεῖρας ἀφέξω.. μνηστήρων Od.20.263

    ;

    ἀθανάτων ἀπέχειν χέρας A.Eu. 350

     (lyr.);

    τὼ χεῖρε ἀπέχεται Pl.Smp. 213d

    ;

    παύειν χεῖράς τινος Il.21.294

    .
    f χεῖρας ἐπιτιθέναι τινί, in token of consecration, 1 Ep.Ti.5.22, etc.
    6 with Preps.:
    a ἀνὰ χεῖρας ἔχειν τινάς to be intimate with.., Plb.21.6.5;

    αἱ ἀνὰ χεῖρά τινων ὁμιλίαι S.E.M.1.64

    ; τὰ ἀνὰ χεῖρα πράγματα the matters in hand, Plu.2.614b, etc. (also οἱ ἀνὰ χ. χρόνοι the current period, PRyl.88.21 (ii A. D.); τὰ ἀνὰ χ. what comes his way, Ps.-Ptol.Centil.18; ἀνὰ χ. τῆς πύλης hard by.., LXX 2 Ki.15.2.
    b ἀπὸ χειρὸς λογίσασθαι to reckon off-hand, roughly, Ar.V. 656 (anap.), cf. Luc.Hist.Conscr.29: but πότισον τὴν γῆν ἀπὸ χειρός by hand, PCair.Zen.155 (iii B. C.).
    c διὰ χερῶν ἔχειν, λαβεῖν, literally, to have or take between the hands, A.Supp. 193, S.Ant. 916; διὰ χειρὸς ἔχειν to hold in the hand, ib. 1258 (anap.), Ar.V. 597 (anap.); to have in hand, i. e. under control, Th.2.76;

    διὰ χειρῶν ἔχειν τὴν πολιτείαν Arist.Pol. 1308a27

    ; τὰ τῶν ξυμμάχων keep under control, Th.2.13: later, to have a work in hand, be engaged in it, Phld.Acad.Ind.p.69M. ([etym.] χερός), D.H.Isoc.4;

    τὰ ὅπλα Plu.Cor.2

    , etc. (also διὰ χ. by direct payment, opp. διὰ τῆς τραπέζης by banker's order, BGU1156.8 (i B. C.), etc.; cf.

    διὰ χ. ἔσπευδε τὴν πρᾶσιν Charito 1.12

    ); of arms,

    διὰ χειρὸς εἶναι Luc.Anach.35

    ; διὰ χ. ἔχειν, c. part., to be continually doing, Plu.2.767c;

    διὰ χειρός τινος ποιεῖν τι LXXJo.17.4

    , al., cf. Act.Ap.7.25, al.
    d ἐς χεῖρας λαβεῖν τι literally, S.El. 1120, etc.; to take a matter in hand, undertake it,

    πρᾶγμ' ἐς χέρας λαβόντ' E.Hec. 1242

    ;

    ἄγεσθαί τι ἐς χεῖρας Hdt.1.126

    , 4.79, etc.; δοῦναί τινι ἐς χέρας, εἰς χεῖρα, S.El. 1348, X.Cyr.8.8.22;

    καταστῆσαι εἰς τὰς χ. τινος Aeschin.2.28

    ; of persons, ἵκεο χεῖρας ἐς ἁμάς thou hast fallen into our hands, Il.10.448 (in Hom. also simply

    ὅ τι χεῖρας ἵκοιτο Od.12.331

    , cf. 24.172); so

    εἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τινι X.Cyr.7.4.10

    , cf. 2.4.15: generally, to have to do with any one, converse with him, Id.An.1.2.26 (so

    ἐς χεῖρα γῇ ξυνῆψαν E.Heracl. 429

    ): most freq. ἐς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τισι to come to blows or close quarters with.., A.Th. 680;

    ἀλλήλοις Th.7.44

    : abs.,

    εἰς χ. ἐλθεῖν Id.4.96

    ;

    ἐς χ. ἰέναι Id.2.3

    , 4.72, cf. PTeb.765.6 (ii B. C.);

    συνιέναι X.Cyr.8.8.22

    ; also ἐς χειρῶν νόμον (fort. νομόν)

    ἀπικέσθαι Hdt.9.48

    ; ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ (fort. νομῷ)

    ἀπόλλυσθαι Id.8.89

    , cf. Aeschin.1.5, SIG167.37 (Mylasa, iv B. C.), Heraclid.Pol.25, Plb.1.34.5, 5.111.6; [full] ἐν χειρὸς νόμῳ Arist.Pol. 1285a10, D.H.6.26;

    ἐν χειρῶν νομαῖς SIG700.29

     (Lete, ii B.C.), v. l. in LXX 3 Ma.1.5; ἐν χεροῖν δίκῃ cj. in E.Ba.738;

    εἰς χεῖρας συμμεῖξαι τοῖς πολεμίοις X.Cyr.2.1.11

    ; also εἰς χεῖρας δέχεσθαί τινας to await their charge, Id.An.4.3.31;

    ἐς χ. ὑπομεῖναί τινας Th. 5.72

    .
    e ἐκ χειρός by hand of man, S.Aj.27: from near at hand, at close range,

    ἐκ χειρὸς βάλλειν X.An.3.3.15

    ; ἀμύνασθαι ib.5.4.25;

    μάχεσθαι Id.HG7.2.14

    , cf. D.S.19.6;

    πληγὰς ἐκ χ. ἀναδέξασθαι Plu.

     tim.4;

    οὐ μὴ σωθῇ ἐκ χ. σιδήρου LXX Jb.20.24

    ; ἡ ἐκ χ. δίκη lynch law, D.H.4.37;

    ἡ ἐκ χ. βία Plb.9.4.6

    : metaph., ἡ ἐκ χ. θεωρία closerange reading, D.H.Isoc.2; so of time, out of hand, off-hand, forthwith, Plb.5.41.7, al.
    f

    δέπας μητρὶ ἐν χειρὶ τίθει Il.1.585

    , cf. Od.13.57, 15.120, al. (always so of a cup, hence ἐν χερσὶ τίθει δέπας, though found in most codd., was condemned by the critics in Il.l.c., Od.3.51, 15.130);

    πρεσβήϊον ἐν χερὶ θήσω Il.8.289

    ; τόξον, ἔγχος ἔχων ἐν χειρί, 15.443, 17.604;

    σκῆπτρον δέ οἱ ἔμβαλε χειρί Od.2.37

    ; but

    ἐν.. χειρὶ σκῆπτρον ἔθηκεν Il.23.568

    ; of a gift,

    ἐν χερσὶ τίθει 1.441

    , 446; ἐν ταῖς χ. ἔχειν, literally, Pl.R. 432d;

    τὰ ὅπλ' ἐν ταῖς χ. ἔχων D.9.8

    , etc. (metaph.,

    ἔτι μεμνημένων ὑμῶν καὶ μόνον οὐκ ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν ἕκαστ' ἐχόντων Id.18.226

    ); but ἐν χερσὶν ἔχειν also, to have in hand, be engaged in,

    τὸν γάμον Hdt.1.35

    ;

    ἑορτήν Plu.Alex.13

    ;

    τὴν περὶ Δημοσθένους πραγματείαν D.H.Th.1

    ;

    ἐν χειρί τινα δίκην ἔχων Pl.Tht. 172e

    ; ὁ ἐν χερσὶ πόλεμος the war in hand, D.H.8.87; περιτειχισμὸς ἐν χερσὶν ὤν ib.21;

    ἡ ἐν χ. ζήτησις S.E.M.11.208

    , etc.; freq. of fighting, ἐν χερσί hand to hand,

    ἐν χ. ἦν ἡ μάχη Th.4.43

    ;

    ἐν χ. ἀποκτεῖναι Id.3.66

    , cf. 4.57,96, etc.;

    ἐν χ. γίγνεσθαι τοῖς ἐναντίοις Id.5.72

    ;

    ἐν χ. εἶναί τινος X.HG4.6.11

    ;

    δίκη ἐν χερσί Hes.Op. 192

    ;

    ὁ ψόφος τῶν ὅπλων καὶ τῶν ἵππων ὁ φρυαγμὸς ἐν χερσὶν ἐδόκει εἶναι D.S.19.31

    ; ἡ ἐν χερσὶν [δυστυχία] Plu.Cleom.22: also in dual,

    τἀν χεροῖν S.Ant. 1345

     (lyr.); ἐν χειρί τινος by the hand of.., LXX Jo.21.2, al.;

    ἐν χ. ἀγγέλου Act.Ap.7.35

     (v.l.).
    h κατὰ χειρός, of washing the hands before meals, ὕδωρ κατὰ χειρός (sc. φερέτω τις), Ar.V. 1216, cf.Av. 464 (anap.), Fr. 502 (lyr.), Philox. 1, Ath.9.408e; (without ὕδωρ)

    κατὰ χ. ἐδόθη Alex.261.2

    , cf. Arched. 2.3: prov. of that which is easily come by, Telecl.1.2 (anap.);

    πάντα μοι κατὰ χ. ἦν τὰ πράγματα

     at hand,

    Pherecr.146.5

    ; also κατὰ χειρῶν δοῦναι, χέειν, λαβεῖν, Philyll.3, Antiph.287 (v.l.), Men.470 (troch.), cf. Phot.s.v. κατὰ χειρὸς ὕδωρ: κατὰ χεῖρα in deed or act,

    κατὰ χ. γενναιότατοι D.H.7.6

    ; opp. συνέσει, Plu.Phil.7; κατὰ χεῖρά σου according to thy will, LXX Si.25.26: but κατὰ χεῖρας [τῆς σοφίας] by her side, ib.14.25.
    i μετὰ χερσὶν ἔχειν between, i.e. in, the hands, Il.11.4, 15.717; [

    ἄλεισον] μετὰ χ. ἐνώμα Od.22.10

    : μετὰ χεῖρας ἔχειν to have in hand, be engaged in, Hdt.7.16.β, Th.1.138.
    l

    πρὸ χειρῶν

     close before one,

    S.Ant. 1279

    , E.Tr. 1207 (s.v.l.), Rh. 274; πρὸ χειρὸς εἶναι cj. in Pl.Com.69.5.
    n ὑπὸ χερσὶ ἁλοῦσα under, i.e. by, another's hands, Il.2.374, etc.; ὑπὸ χεῖρα ποιεῖσθαι to bring under one's power, X.Ages.1.22; οἱ ὑπὸ χ. persons in one's power, D.6.34; ὑπὸ τὴν χ. ἐλθεῖν to come into one's hand, Luc.Herm.57, etc.; ὑπὸ χ. in hand, i.e. in stock, Arist.Mete. 369b33; but also, at hand, i.e. at once, Plu.2.548e; τὰ ὑπὸ χ. ib.56b, Dsc.1.35; ὁ ὑπὸ χ. the attendant, Dsc.5.75;

    παρέργως καὶ ὑπὸ χ.

     extempore,

    Plu.Arat.3

    , etc.; also καθύπο χεῖρα κινῶν [τὰς οὐσίας], in Alchemy, Ps.-Democr. p.51 B.
    III the hand often receives the attributes of the person using it, χ. μεγάλη, of Zeus, Il.15.695 (χ. παγκρατής, of God, Secund.Sent.3; χ. ὑπερμήκης, of the 'long arm' of the king, Hdt.8.140.β') ; θοὴ χ., of one throwing, Il.12.306;

    ἀφνειά Pi.O.7.1

    , cf. S.El. 458; εὐσεβεστέρα, εὐφιλής, A.Ch. 141, Ag.34; κάρβανος ib. 1061;

    γεραιά E.Hec. 143

     (anap.);

    πονηρά Id. Ion 1316

    , etc.: to denote wealth or poverty,

    πλειοτέρῃ σὺν χ. Od.11.359

    ;

    κενεὰς σὺν χ. ἔχοντες 10.42

    , cf. E.Hel. 1280, etc.
    2 it is represented as acting of itself,

    χεῖρες μαιμῶσιν Il.13.77

    , cf. S.Aj.50;

    χεὶρ ὁρᾷ τὸ δράσιμον A.Th. 554

    ;

    δήμου κρατοῦσα χ. Id.Supp. 604

     (dub. l.): prov.,

    ἁ δὲ χ. τὰν χ. νίζει Epich.273

    ; or simply,

    ἁ χ. τὰν χ. AP5.207

     (Mel.).
    3 pl., in theurgy, name for spiritual powers,

    αἱ δημιουργικαὶ [τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος] δυνάμεις ἃς θεουργῶν παῖδες χεῖρας ἀποκαλοῦσιν Procl. in Cra. p.101

     P., cf. eund. in R.2.252K.
    IV to denote act or deed, opp. mere words, in pl.,

    ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν Il.1.77

    ; μνῆμ' Ἑλένης χειρῶν of her handiwork, her art, Od.15.126 (so in sg.,

    δώρημ' ἐκείνῳ τἀνδρὶ τῆς ἐμῆς χ. S.Tr. 603

    );

    χερσὶν ἢ λόγῳ Id.OT 883

     (lyr.), cf. OC 1297, etc.; τῇ χειρὶ χρᾶσθαι to use one's hands, i.c. be active, stirring, opp. ἀργὸς ἐπεστάναι, Hdt.3.78, cf. 9.72; τὰς χ. προσφέρειν to apply force, X.Mem.2.6.31: sg.,

    βούλευμα μὲν τὸ Δῖον, Ἡφαίστου δὲ χείρ A.Pr. 619

    ; μιᾷ χειρί single-handed, D.21.219;

    χειρὶ καὶ ποδὶ καὶ πάσῃ δυνάμει Aeschin.3.109

    , cf. 2.115;

    χερσίν τε ποσίν τε Il.20.360

    , cf. Pi.O.10(11).62, esp. of using the hands in a fight, cf. supr. 11.6d, e, f; of deeds of violence, πρὶν χειρῶν γεύσασθαι before we try force, Od.20.181; ἀδίκων χ. ἄρχειν to give the first blow, X.Cyr.1.5.13, Antipho 4.2.1, Lys.4.11, etc.;

    ἀμυνόμενος ἄρχοντα χειρῶν Pl.Lg. 869d

    : generally, χεῖρες violent measures, force,

    ἐπίσχετε θυμὸν ἐνιπῆς καὶ χειρῶν Od.20.267

    ;

    ὑπόδικος χερῶν A.Eu. 260

     (lyr.);

    χερσὶ πεποιθώς Il.16.624

    , etc.; ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ v. supr. 11.6d; ὅπως θανάτοιο βαρείας χ. ἀλάλκοι, v.l. for κῆρας, Il.21.548.
    V a number, band, body of men, esp. of soldiers,

    χεὶρ μεγάλη Hdt.7.157

    ; in dat.,

    οὐ σὺν μεγάλῃ χ. Id.5.72

    ;

    πολλῇ χ. 1.174

    , Th.3.96, E.Heracl. 337; pleon.,

    χ. μεγάλῃ πλήθεος Hdt.7.20

    ;

    δεδωμάτωμαι δ' οὐδ' ἐγὼ σμικρᾷ χερί A.Supp. 958

    ; οἰκεία χείρ, for χεὶρ οἰκετῶν, E.El. 629;

    σὺν πλήθει χερῶν S.OT 123

    .
    VI handwriting,

    τὴν ἑαυτοῦ χεῖρα ἀρνήσασθαι Hyp.Lyc.Fr.5

    , cf. IG9(1).189 ([place name] Phocis); τῇ ἐμῇ χ. Παύλου I Ep. Cor.16.21, Ep.Col.4.18: copy, counterpart of a document, SIG712.31 (Crete, ii B.C.); deed, instrument,

    ἡ χ. ἥδε κυρία ἔστω PRein.28.18

     (ii B.C.), cf. PCair.Zen. 477 (iii B.C.), etc.
    b handiwork of an artist or workman,

    γλαφυρὰ χ. Theoc.Epigr.8.5

    , etc.;

    αἱ Ἐφεσίου χεῖρες Herod.4.72

    , cf. 6.66;

    σοφαὶ χέρες APl.4.262

    ;

    τὰς Φειδίου χ. Lib.Or. 30.22

    .
    VII of any implement resembling a hand:
    1 a kind of gauntlet, X.Eq.12.5, Poll.1.135 (pl.).
    2 χ. σιδηρᾶ grappling-iron, Th.4.25, 7.62; also of an anchor, AP6.38 (Phil.).
    3 axle-tree, LXX 3 Ki.7.18(32).
    4 in LXX, pillar or cairn, as it were a finger pointing to heaven,

    χεὶρ Ἀβεσσαλώμ LXX 2 Ki.18.18

    ; also ἀνέστακεν αὐτῷ χεῖρα, i.e. trophy, ib. 1 Ki.15.12.
    5 χεῖρες ἐλάτιναι, of oars, Tim.Pers.7.
    6 catch of a trigger, Hero Aut.13.9;

    χ. κατάγουσα τὴν τοξῖτιν Ph.Bel. 68.4

    , cf. Hero Bel.78.2.
    7 instrument of torture, LXX 4 Ma.8.13.
    IX ointment containing five ingredients, Orib.Fr.89, Alex. Trall.7.1. (Cf. Arm. jein ( dzern), Alb. dore, Tocharian (A-dialect) tsar, (B-dialect) sar, all = hand.)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > χείρ

  • 4 ἷστός

    ἷστός ( ἵστημι): anything that stands. — (1) mast, in the middle of the ship, held in place by the μεσόδμη, ἱστοπέδη, πρότονοι, ἐπίτονοι. During stay in port the mast was unstepped and laid back upon the ἱστοδόκη (cf. preceding cut, and Nos. 60, 84).— (2) weaver's beam, loom. The frame of the loom was not placed, as in modern handlooms, in a horizontal position, but stood upright, as appears in the cut, representing an ancient Egyptian loom. The threads of the warp hung perpendicularly down, and were drawn tight by weights at their lower ends. To set up the beam and so begin the web is ( ἱστὸν) στήσασθαι. In weaving, the weaver passed from one side to the other before the loom ( ἐποίχεσθαι), as he carried the shuttle ( κανών), on which was wound the thread of the woof, through the warp, and then drove the woof home with a blow of the κερκίς.— (3) warp, and in general, web, woven stuff.

    A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἷστός

  • 5 θηριομαχέω

    θηριομαχέω (s. θηρίον, μάχομαι) 1 aor. ἐθηριομάχησα
    ① be forced to fight with wild animals as a punishment, fight with wild animals (Diod S 3, 43, 7; Artem. 2, 54; 5, 49; Ptolem., Apotel. 4, 9, 10; Vett. Val. 129, 33; 130, 21; Jos., Bell. 7, 38) IEph 1:2; ITr 10; ἐπισήμως θ. MPol 3, 1. For 1 Cor 15:32 s. 2.
    ② to be in a position of having to contend with adversaries, struggle with, contend with. It is uncertain whether θ. is used lit. or fig. in 1 Cor 15:32. It is quite unlikely that Paul could have engaged in a real struggle w. wild animals (but. s. Bowen below). He says nothing about such an experience in 2 Cor 11:23–29, and Ac does not mention it (but Ac is silent about many matters). Also the apostle could not have been sentenced ‘ad bestias’ without losing his Roman citizenship, which he still held at a later date, and which formed the basis for his appeal to the emperor. If, nevertheless, the verb is to be taken as lit., the expr. is to be considered (w. JWeiss on 1 Cor 15:32 and WMichaelis, Die Gefangenschaft d. Paulus in Ephesus 1925, 118ff) a contrary to fact (unreal) conditional sentence: ‘if I had fought w. wild animals’ (against this JSchmid, Zeit u. Ort d. paul. Gefangenschaftsbr. ’31, 39–60; WKümmel, Hdb. ’49). But the expr. can also be fig. (freq. in Cynic-Stoic diatribe; AMalherbe, JBL 87, ’68, 71–80), as it certainly is in IRo 5:1 ἀπὸ Συρίας μέχρι Ῥώμης θηριομαχῶ … δεδεμένος δέκα λεοπάρδοις, ὅ ἐστι στρατιωτικὸν τάγμα from Syria to Rome I am fighting with wild animals, bound to ten leopards, that is, a detachment of soldiers (cp. OGI 201, 16 ἐπολέμησα ἀπὸ Π. ἕως Τ.); here Ign. describes the sufferings of his journey as a prisoner with a word that suggests a struggle w. wild animals (cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 61 §252, where Pompey says in sim. fig. language: οἵοις θηρίοις μαχόμεθα; Philo, Mos. 1, 43f. Ignatius longed to have actual wild beasts consume him IRo 4:1f; 5:2.). In AcPl Ha 3, 9; 4, 8; 5, 13 actual fights with wild beasts (Lat. venationes) are meant.—CBowen, JBL 42, 1923, 59–68; CCoffin, ibid. 43, 1924, 172–76; JHunkin, ET 39, 1928, 281f; R Osborne, JBL 85, ’66, 225–30; lit. s.v. ἀγών.—DELG s.v. θήρ. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > θηριομαχέω

  • 6 οἰκία

    οἰκία, ας, ἡ (Hdt.+)
    ① a structure used as a dwelling, house
    ⓐ lit., as a building Mt 2:11; 7:24–27; 24:43; Mk 10:29f; 13:34; Lk 6:48f; 15:8; 18:29; J 12:3; Ac 10:6; 1 Cor 11:22; 1 Cl 12:6 al. W. ἀγρός Hs 1:4, 8; cp. Mt 19:29. W. χωρίον Ac 4:34. εἰς τ. οἰκίαν τινός Mt 8:14; 9:23; Mk 1:29; Lk 4:38; 7:44; 22:54. εἰς οἰκίαν τινός Ac 18:7. εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν into the house Lk 8:51; 10:38 v.l. (prob. the orig. rdg., reverentially omitted by some copyists: MdeJonge, NThT 34, 308 [against Metzger 153]; s. RBorger, TRu 52, ’87, 32f); 22:10; (go, come) home (Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 68 §288; Jos., Vi. 144) Mt 9:28; 13:36; 17:25; AcPl Ha 4, 3; at home Mk 10:10. εἰς οἰκίαν into a house 6:10; 7:24; into your house 2J 10. ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ τινός Mk 2:15; 14:3; Lk 5:29; 7:37. ἐν οἰκίᾳ τινός (POxy 51, 13 ἐν οἰκίᾳ Ἐπαγαθοῦ) Mt 26:6; Ac 9:11; 10:32; ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ in the house J 8:35; 11:31; at home Mt 8:6; 9:10; Mk 9:33. ἐν οἰκίᾳ in a house or at home Lk 8:27. οἱ ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ those who are in the house Mt 5:15 (πάντες οἱ ἐν τ. οἰκ. as Dio Chrys. 64 [14], 7); cp. Ac 16:32. ὁ κύριος τῆς οἰκίας the master of the house Mk 13:35. ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης τῆς οἰκίας Lk 22:11. κατεσθίειν τὰς οἰκ. τῶν χηρῶν devour widow’s houses i.e., rob widows of their houses (and household goods; s. οἶκος 4) Mt 23:13 [14] v.l.; Mk 12:40; Lk 20:47 (Maximus Tyr. 14, 4e κείρειν [=devour] οἶκον βασιλέως). κατοικεῖν οἰκίας πηλίνας live in houses of clay 1 Cl 39:5 (Job 4:9).—KJäger, D. Bauernhaus in Palästina, m. Rücksicht auf d. bibl. Wohnhaus untersucht 1912; Dalman, Arbeit VII: D. Haus, Hühnerzucht, Taubenzucht, Bienenzucht ’42.
    ⓑ in imagery, of the body as the habitation of the soul (cp. σαρκικὸς οἶκος ParJer 6:6) ἡ ἐπίγειος ἡμῶν οἰκ. τοῦ σκήνους the earthly tent we live in 2 Cor 5:1a. In contrast to this the glorified body is called οἰκία ἀχειροποίητος a dwelling not made with hands 2 Cor 5:1b.—S. on οἰκητήριον.—Of heaven as God’s dwelling-place (cp. Artem. 2, 68 p. 159, 13 ὁ οὐρανὸς θεῶν ἐστιν οἶκος; schol. on Aeschin. 2, 10: acc. to Timaeus, a woman dreamed that she had been snatched up into heaven and had seen there τὰς τῶν θεῶν οἰκήσεις; Sappho 1, 7 D.2: Aphrodite inhabits πατρὸς [Zeus’] δόμον.—Purely formal UPZ 18, 8 [163 B.C.] ἡ οἰκία τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν) J 14:2 (difft. OSchaefer, ZNW 32, ’33, 210–17, against him Bultmann 464, 5).
    ② social unit within a dwelling, household, family (X., Mem. 2, 7, 6; Diod S 12, 14, 3; 13, 96, 3; PPetr II, 23 [4], 2 καταγράψας τὴν οἰκίαν τοῦ Ὥρου; Philo, Abr. 92; Jos., Ant. 17, 134) Mt 12:25 (w. πόλις, as Synes., Providence 1, 4 p. 9d); Mk 3:25 (w. βασιλεία). ἐπίστευσεν αὐτὸς καὶ ἡ οἰκ. αὐτοῦ ὅλη he and his whole household came to believe J 4:53 (Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 13 §55 Γράκχος αὐτοῦ σὺν ὅλῃ τῇ οἰκίᾳ κατάρχοιτο). ἡ οἰκ. Στεφανᾶ the family of Stephanas 1 Cor 16:15. ἄτιμος εἰ μὴ … ἐν τῇ οἰκ. αὐτοῦ without honor except … in his family Mt 13:57; Mk 6:4.
    ③ a kind of middle position betw. mngs. 1 and 2 is held by Mt 10:12f: εἰσερχόμενοι εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν ἀσπάσασθε αὐτήν. καὶ ἐὰν ᾖ ἡ οἰκία ἀξία …—οἱ ἐκ τῆς Καίσαρος οἰκίας Phil 4:22 means, whether it be translated those in the house or those in the household of the Emperor, according to prevailing usage, not members of the emperor’s family or relationship, but servants at his court; in early imperial times they were ordinarily slaves or freedpersons (cp. Philo, In Flacc. 35; Jos., Ant. 17, 142; παντὶ τῷ οἴκῳ τῶν Σεβαστῶν PHerrmann, Inschriften von Sardeis: Chiron 23, ’93, 234 no. 1 ln. 5; MartPl 1 [Aa I 104, 8; 106, 15]. Cp. also Diog. L. 5, 75 the explanation for the ‘ignoble’ origin of Demetrius of Phalerum: ἦν γὰρ ἐκ τῆς Κόνωνος οἰκίας. On the other hand Diod S 17, 35, 3 αἱ τῆς βασιλικῆς οἰκίας γυναῖκες=the women of the royal family.—AdeWaal, Οἱ ἐκ τῆς Καίσαρος οἰκίας [Phil 4:22]: Röm. Quartalschr. 26, 1912, 160–63; Zahn, Einl.3 391; GDuncan, St. Paul’s Ephesian Ministry 1929 [where the theory of Paul’s Ephesian imprisonment is set forth]. S. also Καῖσαρ ad loc.).—B. 133; 458. DELG s.v. οἶκο A I. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > οἰκία

  • 7 ἐξουσία

    ἐξουσία, ας, ἡ (Soph., Thu.+; ins, pap, LXX, En, pseudepigr., Philo, Joseph., Just.; Tat. 30, 1; Mel., P. 104, 810 [Bodm.]) from ἔξεστιν.
    ① a state of control over someth., freedom of choice, right (e.g., the ‘right’ to act, decide, or dispose of one’s property as one wishes: BGU 1158, 13 [9 B.C.] = Mitt-Wilck. II/2, 234, 13 legal t.t., esp. in wills: POxy 272, 13; BGU 183, 25 ἔχειν αὐτὴν τὴν ἐ. τῶν ἰδίων πάντων; PTebt 319, 21.—Sir 30:11) ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν have the right 2 Th 3:9 (Just., D 16, 4). W. inf. foll. (Teles p. 23, 14; 24, 11; Tob 2:13 S; 7:10 S) J 10:18; 1 Cor 9:4ff; Hb 13:10; Rv 13:5; B 4:2. W. obj. gen. foll. (τίς οὖν ἔτι ἔχει μου ἐξουσίαν; Epict. 3, 24, 70; διδόναι ἐξουσίαν τῶν πετεινῶν Did., Gen. 61, 24) εἰ ἄλλοι τῆς ὑμῶν ἐ. μετέχουσι 1 Cor 9:12. Also ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς the right to the tree of life Rv 22:14. W. verbs of two constr. ἔχει ἐ. ὁ κεραμεὺς τοῦ πηλοῦ ἐκ τοῦ αὐτοῦ φυράματος the potter has a right over the clay, to make fr. the same lump Ro 9:21. ἐ. ἔχειν περί τινος (4 Macc 4:5) be at liberty w. regard to a thing (opp. ἀνάγκην ἔχειν) 1 Cor 7:37; cp. 8:9; ἐ. ἐν τ. εὐαγγελίῳ a right in the gospel 9:18. ἐν τῇ σῇ ἐ. ὑπῆρχεν was at your disposal Ac 5:4 (Esth 4:17b; Appian, Liby. 52 §226 ἐν ἐ. εἶναι τί τινι=someth. is at someone’s disposal, is within one’s power).
    ② potential or resource to command, control, or govern, capability, might, power (on capacity for someth. cp. Did., Gen. 162, 5: ἡ προσαιρέσεως ἐξουσία; cp. 1 Esdr 4:28, 40; 2 Macc 7:16 the king can do what he pleases because he has the capability for doing so) ἡ ἐ. τ. ἵππων ἐν τ. στόματι αὐτῶν ἐστιν Rv 9:19; cp. vs. 3; 13:2, 4; 18:1; Mt 9:8; Ac 8:19. W. inf. foll. to indicate the thing that one is able to do (En 25:4 ἅψασθαι; Diod S 4, 52, 4 ἀμύνασθαι εἶχεν ἐξουσίαν; Mel., P. 104 πάντα κρίνει); ἐκβάλλειν τ. δαιμόνια [b]Mk 3:15. ἐμβαλεῖν εἰς τ. γέενναν Lk 12:5; cp. J 1:12; 7:1 v.l.; Rv 9:10; 11:6. W. gen. of the inf. foll. τοῦ πατεῖν ἐπάνω ὄφεων Lk 10:19; ποιεῖν ἐ. exercise power Rv 13:12. ἐ. ἔχειν τινός have power over someone (Epict. 4, 12, 8) GPt 3:7; ἑαυτοῦ IPol 7:3; also ἐ. ἔχειν ἐπί τινος Rv 20:6; cp. AcPl Ha 1, 3. Esp. of God’s power (Theodor. Prodr. 5, 313 ἡ θεῶν ἐ.; Da 4:17; Jos., Ant. 5, 109; 18, 214) Lk 12:5 (cp. 2 Cl 5:4); Ac 1:7; Jd 25; Hs 9, 23, 4. πάντων τ. ἐξουσίαν power over all Hm 4, 1, 11; Hs 9, 28, 8. πᾶσα ἡ ἐ. 5, 7, 3 (En 9:5). τὴν κατὰ πάντων ἐ. MPol. 2:1. τέλους ἐ. power over the end PtK 2 p. 13, 22. ἐ. ἐπὶ τ. πληγάς control over the plagues Rv 16:9. Also of Satan’s power Ac 26:18; ending of Mk in the Freer ms.; B 2:1.—The power that comes fr. God can involve transcendent knowledge, and both may be expressed by ἐ. (Herm. Wr. 1, 13; 14; 32). So his hearers conclude fr. Jesus’ teaching that he must have ἐ. (i.e. it is not necessary for him to first ask what the traditional practice or interpretation requires) Mk 1:22 (‘license’ of a Jewish teacher L-S-J-M Suppl., ’68; against this AArgyle, ET 80, ’68/69, 343); cp. Mt 7:29 (Rtzst., Poim. 48, 3, Mysterienrel.3 302; 363; JStarr, HTR 23, 1930, 302–5; HWindisch, Pls. u. Christus ’34, 151ff; DDaube, JTS 39, ’38, 45–59; HFlowers, ET 66, ’55, 254 [‘like a king’]; DHudson, ET 67, ’55/56, 17; JCoutts, JTS 8, ’57, 111–18 [Jesus and the 12]). The prep. expr. κατʼ ἐξουσίαν in accordance w. knowledge and power Mk 1:27 and ἐν ἐ. Lk 4:32 belong to this classification; cp. 4:36. The close relation of ἐ. w. ‘gnosis’ and teaching also B 18:1.—But it is not always possible to draw a hard and fast line betw. this sense and
    ③ the right to control or command, authority, absolute power, warrant (Sextus 36: the πιστός has ἐ. fr. God) ἐ. καὶ ἐπιτροπή (cp. Ps.-Pla., Defin. p. 415c ἐξουσία, ἐπιτροπὴ νόμου) authority and commission Ac 26:12. ἐν ποίᾳ ἐξουσίᾳ ταῦτα ποιεῖς; by whose authority are you doing this? Mt 21:23, 24, 27; Mk 11:28, 29, 33; Lk 20:2, 8. ἐ. διδόναι τινί put someone in charge (Diod S 13, 36, 2; 14, 81, 6; cp. Vi. Aesopi G 11 p. 39, 6 P.; En 9:7; TestJob 3:6; Jos., Ant. 2, 90; 20, 193) Mk 13:34; PtK 2 p. 14, 13. οἷς ἔδωκεν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τὴν ἐ. to whom he gave rights over the Gospel (for its proclamation) B 8:3. ὅτι τὸ ἄρχειν ἐξουσίας ἐστίν that ruling depends on authority 6:18. Of apostolic authority 2 Cor 10:8; 13:10; ISm 4:1. Of Jesus’ total authority Mt 28:18 (cp. Herm. Wr. 1, 32; Da 7:14; DStanley, CBQ 29, ’67, 555–73); Hs 5, 6, 1. W. gen. of the one who has authority ἐ. τοῦ Χριστοῦ Rv 12:10 (Just., A I, 40, 7). W. gen. of that over which the authority is exercised (Diod S 2, 27, 3; IDefixWünsch 4, 21; Ps 135:8, 9; Wsd 10:14; Sir 17:2; Jos., Vi. 190) ἐ. πνευμάτων ἀκαθάρτων over the unclean spirits Mt 10:1; Mk 6:7; cp. J 17:2; Hm 4, 3, 5; PtK 2 p. 14, 13; 1 Cl 61:2; ISm 4:1; τούτου τοῦ λαοῦ Hs 8, 3, 3. Also ἐπί w. acc. (cp. Sir 33:20) Lk 9:1; cp. Rv 6:8; 13:7. Likew. ἐπί w. gen. (cp. Da 3:97) Rv 2:26; 11:6b; 14:18. παρά τινος (also ἀπό τινος Orig., C. Cels. 2, 13, 56) indicates the source of the authority (s. παρά A3b) Ac 9:14; 26:10; Hs 5, 6, 4 (restored from the Lat.; ἐ. λαμβάνειν as Diod S 11, 42, 6; TestJob 8:2f; 16:4; Vi. Aesopi G 11 p. 39, 4 P.) and κατά τινος the one against whom it is directed (TestJob 16:2 κατʼ ἐμοῦ; 8:2 κατὰ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων μου ‘over my possessions’; Sb 8316, 6f κύριε Σάραπι δὸς αὐτῷ κατεξουσίαν κατὰ τῶν ἐχθρῶν αὐτοῦ; Orig., C. Cels. 7, 43, 25) J 19:11 (HvCampenhausen, TLZ 73, ’48, 387–92); B 4:13. W. pres. inf. foll. (cp. X., Mem. 2, 6, 24 and 35; Diod S 12, 75, 4; 1 Macc 10:35; 11:58; Jos., Ant. 4, 247) Mt 9:6; Mk 2:10; Lk 5:24; J 5:27. W. aor. inf. foll. (Jdth 8:15; 1 Esdr 8:22; 1 Macc 1:13) 19:10. Foll. by gen. of the pres. inf. (4 Macc 5:15) Hm 12, 4, 2.—RDillon, ‘As One Having Authority’ (Mark 1:22): CBQ 57, ’95, 92–113.
    ④ power exercised by rulers or others in high position by virtue of their office, ruling power, official power (Ps.-Pla., Alc. 1, 135b al.; LXX; Jos., Bell. 2, 140, Vi. 80) ἐ. ὡς βασιλεύς Rv 17:12f (Diod S 2, 45, 1 βασιλικὴν ἐ. ἔχειν; 14, 32, 5 ἐ. λαμβάνειν); ἐ. τοῦ ἡγεμόνος Lk 20:20; cp. J 19:10f, s. 3 above. ἐ. ἐπάνω δέκα πόλεων Lk 19:17. ἄνθρωπος ὑπὸ ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος a man under authority 7:8 (MFrost, ET 45, ’34, 477f); cp. Mt 8:9; Hs 1:3.—The power of a particular office (Diod S 1, 70, 1; 14, 113, 6 ἡ ὑπατικὴ ἐξουσία; Plut., Mar. 406 [2, 1], Caes. 734 [58, 1]) ἐπαρχικὴ ἐ. the power of prefect Phlm subscr.
    ⓐ human authorities, officials, government (Dionys. Hal. 8, 44; 11, 32; POxy 261, 15) Lk 12:11 (here and elsewh. in NT w. ἀρχή, as also in Pla.); Ro 13:1, 2, 3 (with 13:1b cp. the express. ‘ancient saying’ [s. Hes., Theogony 96 ἐκ δὲ Διὸς βασιλῆες. On this HFränkel, Dichtung u. Philos. des frühen Griechentums ’62, 111 n. 6] in Artem. 2, 36 p. 135, 24; 2, 69 p. 161, 17 τὸ κρατοῦν δύναμιν ἔχει θεοῦ=the ruling power has its authority from God; Wsd 6:3; Jos., Bell. 2, 140 οὐ δίχα θεοῦ περιγενέσθαι τινὶ τὸ ἄρχειν … ἐξουσίαν); Tit 3:1. For the view that the ἐ. of Ro 13 are spirit powers, as b below, s. OCullmann, Christ and Time (tr. Filson) ’50, 191–210.—On the subj. in gener. s. LGaugusch, D. Staatslehre d. Ap. Pls nach Ro 13: ThGl 5, ’34, 529–50; JUitman, Onder Eig. Vaandel 15, ’40, 102–21; HvCampenhausen, ABertholet Festschr. ’50, 97–113; OCullmann, Zur neuesten Diskussion über die ἐξουσίαι in Rö 13:1: TZ 10, ’54, 321–36, D. Staat im NT ’612 (Eng. tr.: The State in the NT ’56, 93–114); against him AStrobel, ZNW 47, ’56, 67–93.—GCaird, Princip. and Powers ’56; RMorgenthaler TZ 12, ’56, 289–304; CMorrison, The Powers That Be ’60; EBarnikol, Rö 13. Der nichtpaulinische Ursprung der absoluten Obrigkeitsbejahung v. Rö 13:1–7 ’61, 65–133; HSchlier, Principalities and Powers in the NT ’61 (Eng. tr.); MBorg, NTS 19, ’72/73, 205–18. οἱ ἐπʼ ἐξουσίαν ἀχθέντες those who are brought before the authorities Hs 9, 28, 4.
    ⓑ of transcendent rulers and functionaries: powers of the spirit world (TestLevi 3:8; TestSol 20:15 B), sg. (w. ἀρχή and δύναμις) 1 Cor 15:24; Eph 1:21; Col 2:10. Pl. (w. ἀρχαί as Just., D. 41, 1; cp. Orig., C. Cels. 4, 29, 22) Eph 3:10; 6:12; Col 1:16; 2:15; (w. ἄγγελοι, δυνάμεις) 1 Pt 3:22. Cp. the v.l. for ἄρχειν Papias (4).
    ⑥ the sphere in which power is exercised, domain (4 Km 20:13; Ps 113:2) Lk 4:6. ἐκ τ. ἐξουσίας Ἡρῴδου ἐστίν he comes fr. Herod’s jurisdiction 23:7. ἐ. τοῦ σκότους domain of darkness 22:53; Col 1:13 (opp. the βασιλεία of Christ). Hence ἐ. τοῦ ἀέρος simply domain of the air Eph 2:2; s. ἀήρ 2b.
    ⑦ Various opinions are held about the mng. of 1 Cor 11:10 ὀφείλει ἡ γυνὴ ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς διὰ τοὺς ἀγγέλους. Many now understand it as a means of exercising power (cp. δύναμις 1b.—It is abstract for concrete, as βασιλεία [1] in Diod S 1, 47, 5: a stone figure ἔχουσα τρεῖς βασιλείας ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς=that wears three symbols of royal power [diadems] on its head), that is to say, the veil (κάλυμμα is v.l. for ἐ. here; s. critical apparatus in N.) by which women at prayer (when they draw near to the heavenly realm) protect themselves fr. the amorous glances of certain angels. But the veil may also have been simply a symbol of womanly dignity, esp. befitting a Christian woman, and esp. in the presence of holy angels (s. Cadbury below).—WWeber, ZWT 46, 1903, 487–99; Dibelius, Geisterwelt 12–23 al.; EFehrle, Die kultische Keuschheit im Altertum1910, 39; RPerdelwitz, StKr 86, 1913, 611–13; LBrun, ZNW 14, 1913, 298–308; GKittel, Rabbinica 1920, 17ff; Billerb. III 423–35; KBornhäuser, NKZ 41, 1930, 475–88; WFoerster, ZNW 30, ’31, 185f; MGinsburger, RHPR 12, ’32, 245–47; OMotta, ET 44, ’33, 139–41; CSpicq, RB 48, ’39, 557–62; EBlakeney, ET 55, ’44, 138; SLösch, TQ 127, ’47, 216–61; JFitzmyer, NTS 3, ’57, 48–58; HCadbury, HTR 51, ’58, 1f (Qumran parallels); MHooker, NTS 10, ’64, 410–16; AIsaksson, Marriage and Ministry in the NT ’65, 176–81; GSchwartz, ZNW 70, ’79, 249 (Aramaic background).—LCerfaux et JTondriau, Un Concurrent du Christianisme, ’57. S. on ἄγγελος 2c.—V.l. for ἄρχειν Papias (4).—DELG s.v. εἰμί. New Docs 2, 83f. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐξουσία

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