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21 revés2
2 = setback, blow, reversal, snafu, swipe, slap.Ex. This article traces the beginning of library automation in Denmark, outlining the plans and setbacks which were experienced.Ex. The Great War of 1914-18 was a heavy blow for the Bulletin, from which it never really recovered, and in the 1920s it gradually sank under its own weight, helped by a forced move from its previous quarters to make room for a trade fair.Ex. Libraries are struggling to hold on and maintain quality in the face of adversity and reversal.Ex. The article is entitled 'Thirty years on -- an age of snafu problems of coordinating libraries'.Ex. In fact it is an exaltation of the Kyoto protocol and a thinly disguised swipe at those countries who have not signed up.Ex. And actually a good slap is said to be statistically more likely to result in a child with agression and conduct problems, you may be interested to hear.----* dar un revés = deal + a blow, give + a blow, strike + a blow, slap.* duro revés = cruel blow.* revés de la fortuna = reversal of fortune.* revés fulminante = crushing blow.* sufrir un revés = take + an unfortunate turn, take + a pounding, take + a beating. -
22 revés
m.1 setback, reverse, backhand, drawback.2 reverse.3 reverse side of a cloth, wrong side of the fabric, wrong side of cloth, reverse.4 back, inside.pres.indicat.2nd person singular (tú) present indicative of spanish verb: rever.* * *2 (bofetada) slap; (golpe) backhander3 (en tenis) backhand (stroke)4 figurado (contrariedad) misfortune, setback, reverse\al revés / del revés (al contrario) the other way round 2 (interior en exterior) inside out 3 (boca abajo) upside down, the wrong way up 4 (la parte de detrás delante) back to frontal revés de contrary toreveses de fortuna setbacks, blows of fatereveses de la vida life's misfortunes* * *noun m.1) back2) reversal3) backhand•- al revés* * *SM1) (=lado contrario)•
el revés — [de papel, sello, mano, tela] the back; [de prenda] the insidesiempre empieza las revistas por el revés — he always reads magazines from the back, he always begins magazines at the end
2)• al o del revés — [con sustantivo] (=lo de arriba abajo) upside down; (=lo de dentro fuera) inside out; (=lo de delante atrás) back to front
tienes el libro al revés — you are holding the book the wrong way round o upside down
•
volver al o del revés — [+ prenda, objeto] to turn the other way; [+ argumento, situación] to turn on its head3)• al revés — [con verbo] the other way round; [como nexo] on the contrary
Luis le dejó dinero a Gerardo, ¿o fue al revés? — Luis lent Gerardo some money, or was it the other way round?
todo nos salió al revés — everything went wrong for us, nothing went right for us
a mí no me produce ningún complejo, al revés, es un orgullo — I'm not embarrassed by it, on the contrary, I feel very proud
•
al revés de, fue al revés de lo que dices — it was the opposite of what you sayal revés de lo que se cree,... — contrary to popular belief,...
•
entender algo al revés — to get hold of the wrong end of the stick•
y al revés — and vice versacuando yo quiero salir él quiere trabajar, y al revés — when I want to go out he wants to work, and vice versa
4) (=bofetada) slap, backhand slapcomo me vuelvas a insultar te doy un revés — you insult me again and you'll get a slap o you'll feel the back of my hand
5) (Dep) backhand6) (=contratiempo) setback* * *1)a)el revés — ( de prenda) the inside; ( de tela) the back, the wrong side; (de papel, documento) the back
b)al revés — ( con lo de adelante atrás) back to front; ( con lo de arriba abajo) upside down; ( con lo de dentro fuera) inside out; ( en sentido inverso) the other way around o (BrE) round
hace la `y' al revés — he writes his y's back to front o the wrong way round
todo lo entiende al revés — she's always getting the wrong end of the stick
2)a) ( bofetada) slap ( with the back of the hand)b) (Dep) backhand3) ( contratiempo) setback* * *1)a)el revés — ( de prenda) the inside; ( de tela) the back, the wrong side; (de papel, documento) the back
b)al revés — ( con lo de adelante atrás) back to front; ( con lo de arriba abajo) upside down; ( con lo de dentro fuera) inside out; ( en sentido inverso) the other way around o (BrE) round
hace la `y' al revés — he writes his y's back to front o the wrong way round
todo lo entiende al revés — she's always getting the wrong end of the stick
2)a) ( bofetada) slap ( with the back of the hand)b) (Dep) backhand3) ( contratiempo) setback* * *revés11 = back.Ex: In addition, one must not forget such mundane matters as door bells (front and back), a closing bell, fire bells, security alarms and possibly others all of which must be noticeably different.
* al revés = vice versa, in reverse, mirror-fashion, wrong way round, the, inside-out.* poner al revés = upend.* poner la casa al revés = turn + everything upside down.* volver Algo del revés = turn + Nombre + inside-out.* volver la casa al revés = turn + everything upside down.revés22 = setback, blow, reversal, snafu, swipe, slap.Ex: This article traces the beginning of library automation in Denmark, outlining the plans and setbacks which were experienced.
Ex: The Great War of 1914-18 was a heavy blow for the Bulletin, from which it never really recovered, and in the 1920s it gradually sank under its own weight, helped by a forced move from its previous quarters to make room for a trade fair.Ex: Libraries are struggling to hold on and maintain quality in the face of adversity and reversal.Ex: The article is entitled 'Thirty years on -- an age of snafu problems of coordinating libraries'.Ex: In fact it is an exaltation of the Kyoto protocol and a thinly disguised swipe at those countries who have not signed up.Ex: And actually a good slap is said to be statistically more likely to result in a child with agression and conduct problems, you may be interested to hear.* dar un revés = deal + a blow, give + a blow, strike + a blow, slap.* duro revés = cruel blow.* revés de la fortuna = reversal of fortune.* revés fulminante = crushing blow.* sufrir un revés = take + an unfortunate turn, take + a pounding, take + a beating.* * *A1el revés (de una prenda) the inside; (de una tela) the back, the wrong side; (de un papel, documento) the backplanchar la prenda del or por el revés iron the garment inside out o on the inside2al revés (con lo de adelante atrás) back to front; (con lo de arriba abajo) upside down; (con lo de dentro fuera) inside out; (en sentido inverso) the other way around o ( BrE) roundyo frío la cebolla y luego el pimiento — pues yo lo hago al revés I fry the onion first and then the peppers — I do it the other way aroundte has puesto los zapatos al revés you've put your shoes on the wrong feettienes los cubiertos al revés you have your knife and fork the wrong way roundse puso el vestido al revés she put her dress on back to fronthace la `y' al revés he writes his y's back to front o the wrong way roundcolgó el cuadro al revés he hung the picture upside downpuso el cuadro al revés he turned the picture to face the walltodo lo entiende al revés she's always getting the wrong end of the stick, she gets everything back to fronthoy todo me está saliendo al revés nothing's going right for me todayal revés de lo que uno se imagina contrary to what you might expectlo hizo al revés de como se le había dicho she did it the opposite way to how she had been toldsaberse algo al revés y al derecho to know sth (off) by heartB1 (bofetada) slap ( with the back of the hand)¡te voy a dar un revés! you're going to feel the back of my hand!2 ( Dep) backhandC (contratiempo) setbacksufrieron un importante revés en las últimas elecciones they suffered a major setback o a serious reverse in the last electionsun revés de fortuna podría acabar con todo esto a change in our fortunes o a reversal of our fortunes could mean the end of all of this* * *
revés sustantivo masculino
1a)
( de tela) the back, the wrong side;
(de papel, documento) the backb)
( con lo de arriba abajo) upside down;
( con lo de dentro fuera) inside out;◊ así no, va al revés not that way, it goes the other way around o (BrE) round;
se puso los zapatos al revés he put his shoes on the wrong feet;
todo lo entiende al revés she's always getting the wrong end of the stick;
todo me sale al revés nothing goes right for me;
saberse algo al revés y al derecho to know sth (off) by heart
2 (Dep) backhand
3 ( contratiempo) setback
revés sustantivo masculino
1 (de una materia u objeto) back
(de una prenda de vestir) wrong side
2 (con la mano) slap
3 (en juegos de raqueta) backhand
4 (económico, sentimental, etc) setback, misfortune
♦ Locuciones: al revés, (al contrario) the other way round: entender algo al revés, to get the wrong end of the stick
hacer algo al revés, to do sthg the opposite way
salir algo al revés, to turn out wrong
al revés/del revés, (con lo de delante atrás) back to front, US backwards
(con lo de dentro fuera) inside out
(boca abajo) upside down
' revés' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
entender
- voltear
- volver
- vuelta
English:
back
- backhand
- backwards
- inside
- reverse
- round
- setback
- upset
- upside
- way
- work at
- backward
- know
- purl
- reversal
- set
- upside down
- wrong
* * *1. [parte opuesta] [de papel, mano] back;[de tela] other side, wrong side;al revés [en dirección o sentido equivocado] the wrong way round;[en forma opuesta, invertido] the other way round;te has puesto los guantes al revés you've put your gloves on inside out;todo lo entiende al revés she's always getting the wrong end of the stick;no estoy triste, al revés estoy contentísima I'm not sad, on the contrary, I'm very happy;lo hizo al revés de como le dije she did the opposite of what I told her to;[lo de dentro, fuera] inside out; [lo de arriba, abajo] upside down;volver algo del revés to turn sth around;me puso el estómago del revés it turned my stomach2. [contratiempo] setback, blow;sufrir un revés to suffer a setback3. [bofetada] slapun golpe de revés a backhand;tiene un buen revés she has a good backhand* * *m1 ( contratiempo) setback2 en tenis backhand3:al osalir al revés fig go wrong* * *1) : back, wrong side2) : setback, reversal3) : backhand (in sports)4)al revés : the other way around, upside down, inside out5)al revés de : contrary to* * *revés n1. (de prenda, tela, papel) wrong side2. (en tenis, etc) backhand3. (contratiempo) setbackLas expresiones al revés y del revés tienen varias traducciones según el contexto. Fíjate en estos ejemplosno he dicho que no me gusta, al revés, me encanta I didn't say I don't like it, on the contrary, I love it -
23 monitor
1. nounpencil/milk monitor — Bleistift-/Milchwart, der
3) (Mech. Engin., Phys., Med., Telev.) Monitor, der2. transitive verbkontrollieren [Strahlungsintensität]; beobachten [Wetter, Flugzeug, Bewegung]; abhören [Sendung, Telefongespräch]* * *['monitə] 1. noun1) (a senior pupil who helps to see that school rules are kept.) der Klassenordner2) (any of several kinds of instrument etc by means of which something can be constantly checked, especially a small screen in a television studio showing the picture which is being transmitted at any given time: television monitor; computer monitor.) der Monitor2. verb(to act as, or to use, a monitor; to keep a careful check on: These machines/technicians monitor the results constantly.) überwachsen* * *moni·tor[ˈmɒnɪtəʳ, AM ˈmɑ:nɪt̬ɚ]I. non the \monitor auf dem Bildschirm [o MonitorII. vt1. (check)▪ to \monitor sb jdn beobachten▪ to \monitor sth etw kontrollieren [o überprüfen] [o beobachten]they were supposed to \monitor the elections POL sie sollten die Wahlen beobachtento \monitor sb's blood sugar/cholesterol level jds Blutzucker/Cholesterinspiegel kontrollieren▪ to \monitor sth device, person etw abhören [o mithören] [o verfolgen]to \monitor a [radio] broadcast eine [Radio]sendung verfolgento \monitor a circuit sich akk in eine Leitung einschaltento \monitor communications/telephone traffic Gespräche/den Telefonverkehr abhören [o mithören]to \monitor a TV channel ein Fernsehprogramm verfolgen3. (maintain quality)to \monitor education standards [die Einhaltung von] Ausbildungsstandards [o Ausbildungsanforderungen] überwachen; RADIO, TV device etw überwachento \monitor radio/TV reception den Radio-/Fernsehempfang überwachen\monitored frequency Überwachungsfrequenz f fachspr\monitoring picture Kontrollbild nt fachspr\monitoring station Überwachungsstation f fachspr4. (keep under surveillance)to \monitor sb's eating habits/movements jds Essgewohnheiten/Bewegungen überwachento \monitor fuel consumption/sb's heart rate den Benzinverbrauch/jds Herzfrequenz überwachen* * *['mɒnɪtə(r)]1. nstationery/book monitor — Schreibwaren-/Bücherwart(in) m(f)
2) (TV, TECH: screen) Monitor m3) (= observer) Überwacher(in) m(f); (of telephone conversations) Abhörer(in) m(f); (RAD) Mitarbeiter(in) m(f) am Monitordienst4) Waran m, Waranechse f2. vt1) foreign station, telephone conversation abhören; TV programme mithören2) (= control, check) überwachen; personal expenditure etc kontrollieren* * *A s1. Überwacher(in)2. SCHULE Schüler, der Aufsichts- und Strafgewalt hat, besonders Klassenordner m3. SCHIFFa) HIST Monitor m (ein Panzerschiffstyp)b) Feuerlöschboot n4. TECH Wendestrahlrohr n5. ELEK etc Monitor m:a) Abhör-, Mithörgerät n6. Monitor m, Warn-, Anzeigegerät n (für Radioaktivität)B v/t1. ELEK, TEL etc, auch Funk: ab-, mithören, überwachen, die Akustik etc durch Abhören kontrollieren2. PHYS auf Radioaktivität überprüfen3. allg überwachen* * *1. nounpencil/milk monitor — Bleistift-/Milchwart, der
3) (Mech. Engin., Phys., Med., Telev.) Monitor, der2. transitive verbkontrollieren [Strahlungsintensität]; beobachten [Wetter, Flugzeug, Bewegung]; abhören [Sendung, Telefongespräch]* * *n.Abhörgerät n.Anzeigegerät n.Bildschirm m.Monitor -e m. v.überwachen v. -
24 monitor
moni·tor [ʼmɒnɪtəʳ, Am ʼmɑ:nɪt̬ɚ] non the \monitor auf dem Bildschirm [o Monitor];1) ( check)to \monitor sb jdn beobachten;to \monitor sth etw kontrollieren [o überprüfen] [o beobachten];they were supposed to \monitor the elections pol sie sollten die Wahlen beobachten;to \monitor sb's blood sugar/ cholesterol level jds Blutzucker/Cholesterinspiegel kontrollieren;to \monitor sth device, person etw abhören [o mithören] [o verfolgen];to \monitor a [radio] broadcast eine [Radio]sendung verfolgen;to \monitor a circuit sich akk in eine Leitung einschalten;to \monitor a TV channel ein Fernsehprogramm verfolgen3) ( maintain quality)to \monitor sth person etw überwachen;to \monitor education standards [die Einhaltung von] Ausbildungsstandards [o Ausbildungsanforderungen] überwachen radio, tv; device etw überwachen;to \monitor radio/ TV reception den Radio-/Fernsehempfang überwachen;4) ( keep under surveillance)to \monitor sb's eating habits/ movements jds Essgewohnheiten/Bewegungen überwachen;to \monitor sth device etw überwachen;to \monitor fuel consumption/ sb's heart rate den Benzinverbrauch/jds Herzfrequenz überwachen -
25 mantener
v.1 to keep.mantener algo en buen estado to keep something in good conditionmantener una promesa to keep a promisemantener la calma to stay calmLos mantengo trabajando I keep them working.Ellos mantienen el proyecto They maintain the project.2 to support (with scaffold, columns).mantén los brazos en alto keep your arms in the air3 to support.con su sueldo mantiene a toda la familia he has to support o keep his whole family with his wages4 to have (relationships, conversations).mantener relaciones con alguien to have a relationship with somebody5 to stick to (to defend) (conviction).mantiene su inocencia she maintains that she is innocentmantiene que no la vió he maintains that he didn't see her6 to maintain, to keep, to conserve, to hold.Ellos mantienen unas mantas They maintain some bedcovers.Mantiene sus mismas creencias de antes He keeps his old views.Ellos mantienen su opinión They maintain their opinion.María mantiene a su hijo Mary maintains=provides for her son.Ella mantiene su declaración She maintains her declaration.7 to claim to, to hold to, to maintain to.Ellos mantienen haber limpiado They claim to have cleaned.* * *1 (conservar) to keep■ 'Mantenga Zamora limpia' "Keep Zamora tidy"2 (tener) to keep■ 'Mantener en posición vertical' "Keep vertical"■ 'Mantener fuera del alcance de los niños' "Keep out of the reach of children"3 (sostener) to support, hold up, hold■ no sé como se mantiene en pie con lo que ha bebido I don't know how he can stand up after having drunk so much4 (sustentar) to support, maintain5 (afirmación etc) to maintain■ pues yo mantengo que no es verdad well, I maintain that it is not true6 (conversación, relaciones) to have; (reunión) to hold, have; (correspondencia) to keep up; (promesa, palabra) to keep1 (sostenerse) to remain, stand2 (continuar en un estado, una posición) to keep3 (sustenerse) to manage, maintain oneself, support oneself4 (alimentarse) to eat, live■ se mantiene a base de fruta she lives on fruit, she eats only fruit\mantener algo en secreto to keep something secretmantenerse aparte to stay out of it, not get involvedmantenerse en contacto con to stay in contact withmantenerse en forma to keep in shape, keep in trim, keep fitmantenerse en pie to stand, remain standingmantenerse en sus trece to stick to one's gunsmantenerse vivo,-a to stay alive* * *verb1) to keep2) maintain3) hold4) support5) sustain* * *1. VT1) (=sostener) [gen] to hold; [+ puente, techo] to support2) (=preservar)a) [en un lugar] to store, keep"manténgase en un lugar fresco y seco" — "store in a cool dry place"
b) [en un estado o situación] to keepraya I, 1)•
mantener algo en equilibrio — to balance sth, keep sth balanced3) (=conservar) [+ opinión] to maintain, hold; [+ costumbre, ideales] to keep up, maintain; [+ disciplina] to maintain, keep; [+ promesa] to keepun alto porcentaje mantenía su opinión sobre la crisis — a high percentage maintained o held their opinion about the crisis
me marcho manteniendo mi opinión — I'm leaving, but I stand by my opinion
una civilización que lucha por mantener sus tradiciones — a civilization struggling to uphold o maintain its traditions
eran partidarios de mantener el antiguo orden social — they were in favour of preserving the old social order
•
al conducir hay que mantener la distancia de seguridad — you have to keep (at) a safe distance when drivinghemos conseguido mantener el equilibrio entre ingresos y gastos — we have managed to maintain a balance between income and expenditure
•
mantener la línea — to keep one's figure, keep in shapecalma, distancia•
mantener la paz — to keep the peace, maintain peace4) [económicamente] to support, maintainya no pienso mantenerla más — I refuse to keep o support o maintain her any longer
5) [+ conversación, contacto] to maintain, holdes incapaz de mantener una conversación coherente — he is incapable of maintaining o holding a coherent conversation
en las conversaciones que hemos mantenido con el presidente — in the talks we have held with the president
correspondencia 2)¿han mantenido ustedes relaciones sexuales? — have you had sexual relations?
6) (=afirmar) to maintain2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( económicamente) <familia/persona> to support, maintain; < perro> to keep; < amante> to keep2)a) (conservar, preservar) to keepmantener la calma/la compostura — to keep calm/one's composure
b) (cierto estado, cierta situación) (+ compl) to keepmantenga limpia su ciudad — keep Norwich (o York etc) tidy
3)a) < conversaciones> to have; < contactos> to maintain, keep up; < correspondencia> to keep up; < relaciones> to maintainb) ( cumplir) <promesa/palabra> to keep4) (afirmar, sostener) to maintain2.mantenerse verbo pronominal1) ( sustentarse económicamente) to support oneself2) (en cierto estado, cierta situación) (+ compl) to keep3) ( alimentarse)* * *= hold together, keep, maintain, maintain, preserve, retain, store, support, sustain, uphold, hold, service, carry on, keep + Nombre + going, operate, hold on to.Ex. The organization was trembling on the brink of financial disaster, and only the journal, American Documentation, was holding it together.Ex. Guard book or scrapbook type arrangement, with possibly a loose-leaf format, is suitable for organising and keeping cuttings, letters and other small items.Ex. Expressiveness can be difficult to maintain as new subjects are added.Ex. They maintain, in an article written for Library Resources and Technical Services (LRTS) 'that automated cataloging systems have addressed only half of the problems of maintaining a library catalog'.Ex. The concepts are organised into facets, and the facets are arranged and applied in such a way that the general to special order is preserved.Ex. At an earlier stage, the Library of Congress had decided to retain certain pre-AACR headings, in order to avoid the expense of extensive recataloguing.Ex. The records in a computer data base are structured in order to suit the information that is being stored for various applications.Ex. In order to support these three elements, and to ensure that schemes are updated it is important to have some organisation which takes responsibility for revision and publication.Ex. Publishers in the United Stated benefit from a larger home market which serves to sustain the production of an information tool.Ex. It's about time that we go back to these principles and make sure that the quality of cataloging is upheld.Ex. Some theorists hold that one stage must be completely worked through before the next stage can be entered.Ex. Special storage facilities have been constructed which are at present serviced manually but will soon be computerised.Ex. If a child detects that no very strong value is placed on reading then he feels no compulsion to develop his own reading skill beyond the minimal, functional level we all need simply to carry on our daily lives in our print-dominated society.Ex. The author explains how libraries can keep their services going without being slaves to the job.Ex. These references operate in a similar fashion whether they are used to link authors' names or subject headings.Ex. The girls were swept away by the water as they failed to hold on to the bus stand.----* capacidad de mantener la atención = attention span.* debate + mantenerse = debate + rage.* de mantener una conversación = conversational.* el que mantiene a la familia = breadwinner [bread winner].* mantener a Alguien alerta = keep + Nombre + on + Posesivo + toes.* mantener a Alguien atento = keep + Nombre + on + Posesivo + toes.* mantener a Alguien en vilo = keep + Nombre + on + Posesivo + toes.* mantener a Alguien informado de = keep + Nombre + posted on.* mantener activo = keep + Nombre + going.* mantener a flote = keep + afloat.* mantener a la par de = keep up with.* mantener alejado = keep away, keep + Nombre + out.* mantener Algo abierto = hold + Nombre + open.* mantener Algo activo = keep + Nombre + at the fore.* mantener Algo alejado = keep + Nombre + at arm's length.* mantener Algo al mínimo = keep + Nombre + at a minimum.* mantener Algo a salvo = keep + Nombre + out of harm's way.* mantener Algo controlado = keep + Nombre + in check.* mantener Algo en el buen camino = keep + Nombre + on track.* mantener Algo en equilibrio = keep + Nombre + in balance.* mantener Algo en la dirección correcta = keep + Nombre + on track.* mantener Algo en orden = keep + Nombre + in order.* mantener Algo fuera de peligro = keep + Nombre + out of harm's way.* mantener Algo ordenado = keep + Nombre + tidy, keep + Nombre + in order.* mantener Algo vivo = keep + the flame alive, keep + Nombre + at the fore.* mantener al ralentí = idle.* mantener a mano = keep to + hand.* mantener aparte = keep + separate.* mantener a raya = keep at + bay, hold off, keep + Nombre + in line, hold at + bay.* mantener bajo control = keep + a rein on.* mantener bajo vigilancia = keep under + observation.* mantener constancia de = keep + record of.* mantener contacto = maintain + contact.* mantener control = hold + the reins of control.* mantener cooperación = maintain + cooperation.* mantener dentro = keep + Nombre + in.* mantener el control = stay in + control.* mantener el ímpetu = maintain + momentum.* mantener el interés = hold + the interest.* mantener el orden = keep + order, police.* mantener el orden público = maintain + public order.* mantener el ritmo = keep + pace.* mantener el tipo = keep + a stiff upper lip.* mantener en observación = hold under + observation, keep under + observation.* mantener en privado = be out of the public eye.* mantener en reserva = keep on + reserve, keep in + reserve.* mantener en secreto = keep + secret, keep + hush hush, keep + confidential, keep + Nombre + under wraps.* mantener en sintonía = keep in + step.* mantener firme = keep + steady, hold in + line, hold + steady.* mantener informado = keep + informed.* mantener junto = keep together.* mantener la atención de Alguien = hold + Posesivo + attention.* mantener la boca cerrada = keep + Posesivo + mouth shut.* mantener la bola rodando = keep + the ball rolling.* mantener la cabeza = keep + Posesivo + head, keep + Posesivo + head together.* mantener la cabeza alta = hold + Posesivo + head high.* mantener la cabeza fría = keep + a cool head, remain + cool-headed, play it + cool.* mantener la calma = keep + Posesivo + head, keep + Posesivo + head together, keep + Pronombre + cool, remain + cool-headed, keep + a cool head, play it + cool.* mantener la coherencia = maintain + consistency.* mantener la compostura = keep + a cool head, remain + cool-headed, play it + cool.* mantener la condición (de) = retain + Posesivo + status (as).* mantener la continuidad = maintain + continuity.* mantener la delantera = keep + ahead.* mantener la disciplina = maintain + discipline.* mantener la palabra = keep + Posesivo + word, live up to + Posesivo + word.* mantener la posición = hold + the line.* mantener las apariencias = keep up + appearances.* mantener las cosas en marcha = keep + the ball rolling, keep + it rolling.* mantener las cosas en movimiento = keep + the ball rolling, keep + it rolling.* mantener las cosas funcionando = keep + the ball rolling, keep + it rolling.* mantener las cuentas = keep + Posesivo + accounts.* mantener las distancias con = keep + Nombre + at arm's length.* mantener la serenidad = keep + Pronombre + cool, keep + a cool head, remain + cool-headed, play it + cool.* mantener la tradición = keep with + tradition.* mantener la vida = sustain + life.* mantener libre de = keep + free of.* mantener los ojos bien abiertos = keep + Posesivo + eyes (wide) open, keep + Posesivo + eyes peeled, keep + Posesivo + eyes skinned.* mantener los precios = hold + prices down.* mantener oculto = keep + Nombre + under wraps.* mantener ocupado = keep + busy.* mantener ordenado = keep + Nombre + neat and tidy.* mantener presente = keep before.* mantener presionado = hold down.* mantener registro de = keep + record of.* mantener relaciones = maintain + contact, maintain + relationships, maintain + relations.* mantener relaciones comerciales = do + business.* mantenerse actualizado = keep up to + date (with).* mantenerse actualizado de = keep + abreast of.* mantenerse a distancia = stand off.* mantenerse a flote = keep + Posesivo + head above the water, keep + the wolves from the door, stay + afloat, stay in + business.* mantenerse aislado = keep to + Reflexivo.* mantenerse a la cabeza = stay + ahead of the pack.* mantenerse a la escucha = stay + tuned.* mantenerse al corriente = keep + current.* mantenerse al corriente de = keep + abreast of, stay + abreast of, keep + track of.* mantenerse al día = keep up to + date (with), keep up with + the current scene, keep + current.* mantenerse al día de = keep + abreast of, keep + pace with, keep up with, stay + abreast of, keep + a finger on the pulse of, stay in + step with, keep in + step with, keep + step with.* mantenerse al día de las noticias = keep up with + the news.* mantenerse al día de los avances = track + developments.* mantenerse alejado = stay away, remain + aloof.* mantenerse alejado de = stay away from, steer + clear of, give + Nombre + a wide berth, steer away from.* mantenerse alejado de la mirada del público = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.* mantenerse alejado de la mirada pública = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.* mantenerse alejado de + Nombre = keep + Nombre + at a distance.* mantenerse alerta = keep + alert, keep + an eye open, keep + Posesivo + eyes (wide) open.* mantenerse al frente = keep + ahead.* mantenerse al margen = keep to + Reflexivo, take + a back seat, stand by, remain on + the sidelines.* mantenerse al margen de = remain + uninvolved in, hold + Reflexivo + apart from.* mantenerse al margen de Algo = stay above + Algo.* mantenerse al tanto = stay + tuned.* mantenerse al tanto de = keep in + sync, keep + a finger on the pulse of, keep + track of, stay in + step with, keep in + step with, keep + step with.* mantenerse al tanto de las cosas = stay on + top of things, keep on + top of things, be on top of things.* mantenerse al tanto de las noticias = keep up with + the news.* mantenerse al tanto de los avances = track + developments.* mantenerse atento = keep + Posesivo + eyes (wide) open.* mantenerse atento a lo que ocurre alrededor = have + an ear to the ground, keep + Posesivo + ear to the ground.* mantenerse bien = keep + well.* mantenerse caliente = keep + warm.* mantenerse callado = keep + quiet.* mantenerse callado y pensativo con cierto resentimiento = brood.* mantenerse como válido = hold up.* mantener secreto = keep + secret.* mantenerse despierto = keep + alert, stay + awake.* mantenerse en buen estado físico = keep + fit.* mantenerse en contacto = stay + tuned.* mantenerse en contacto (con) = keep in + touch (with), stay in + touch (with).* mantenerse en espera = stay + tuned.* mantenerse en forma = keep + fit.* mantenerse en línea con = keep in + line with.* mantenerse en pie = hold + Posesivo + own.* mantenerse en + Posesivo + trece = stick to + Posesivo + guns.* mantenerse en sincronía = keep in + sync.* mantenerse en su sitio = stand + Posesivo + ground.* mantenerse en sus trece = stand + Posesivo + ground.* mantenerse fiel a = stick with.* mantenerse fiel a los principios de Uno = stick to + Posesivo + principles.* mantenerse firme = stand + Posesivo + ground, stick to + Posesivo + guns.* mantenerse impasible = keep + a stiff upper lip.* mantenerse informado = keep up to + date (with), keep + current.* mantenerse informado de = keep + abreast of.* mantenerse lejos de = steer + clear of, give + Nombre + a wide berth, steer away from.* mantenerse líder = stay + ahead of the pack.* mantener(se) ocupado = keep + busy.* mantener separado = keep apart.* mantenerse por delante = keep + ahead.* mantenerse por delante de la competencia = keep + one step ahead of the game, keep + one step ahead of the competition.* mantenerse unidos = stick together.* mantenerse vigente = hold + Posesivo + own.* mantener silencio = keep + silent, keep + silence.* mantener sincronizado = keep in + step.* mantener suspenso en el aire = suspend.* mantener todo controlado = stay on + top of things, keep on + top of things, be on top of things.* mantener una actitud = hold + attitude.* mantener una actitud abierta = be open-minded.* mantener una apariencia de = maintain + a semblance of.* mantener una conversación = hold + conversation.* mantener una opinión = hold + view, hold + opinion.* mantener una promesa = keep + Posesivo + promise.* mantener una relación con = carry on + relationship with.* mantener un concepto = hold + concept.* mantener un control férreo sobre = hold + an iron grip on.* mantener un debate = hold + discussion.* mantener un equilibrio = balance, maintain + a balance, keep + a balance.* mantener un estándar = uphold + standard.* mantener un interés = pursue + interest.* mantener un registro = keep + log.* mantener un registro de = keep + track of, record.* mantener un sistema de turnos = hold + a rota of.* mantener vigente = keep + alive.* mantener vivo = keep + alive, maintain + momentum, keep + Nombre + going.* máquina que mantiene las constantes vitales = life-support system.* para mantener(se) ocupado = keep-busy.* voluntad de mantener Algo en secreto = secretiveness.* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( económicamente) <familia/persona> to support, maintain; < perro> to keep; < amante> to keep2)a) (conservar, preservar) to keepmantener la calma/la compostura — to keep calm/one's composure
b) (cierto estado, cierta situación) (+ compl) to keepmantenga limpia su ciudad — keep Norwich (o York etc) tidy
3)a) < conversaciones> to have; < contactos> to maintain, keep up; < correspondencia> to keep up; < relaciones> to maintainb) ( cumplir) <promesa/palabra> to keep4) (afirmar, sostener) to maintain2.mantenerse verbo pronominal1) ( sustentarse económicamente) to support oneself2) (en cierto estado, cierta situación) (+ compl) to keep3) ( alimentarse)* * *= hold together, keep, maintain, maintain, preserve, retain, store, support, sustain, uphold, hold, service, carry on, keep + Nombre + going, operate, hold on to.Ex: The organization was trembling on the brink of financial disaster, and only the journal, American Documentation, was holding it together.
Ex: Guard book or scrapbook type arrangement, with possibly a loose-leaf format, is suitable for organising and keeping cuttings, letters and other small items.Ex: Expressiveness can be difficult to maintain as new subjects are added.Ex: They maintain, in an article written for Library Resources and Technical Services (LRTS) 'that automated cataloging systems have addressed only half of the problems of maintaining a library catalog'.Ex: The concepts are organised into facets, and the facets are arranged and applied in such a way that the general to special order is preserved.Ex: At an earlier stage, the Library of Congress had decided to retain certain pre-AACR headings, in order to avoid the expense of extensive recataloguing.Ex: The records in a computer data base are structured in order to suit the information that is being stored for various applications.Ex: In order to support these three elements, and to ensure that schemes are updated it is important to have some organisation which takes responsibility for revision and publication.Ex: Publishers in the United Stated benefit from a larger home market which serves to sustain the production of an information tool.Ex: It's about time that we go back to these principles and make sure that the quality of cataloging is upheld.Ex: Some theorists hold that one stage must be completely worked through before the next stage can be entered.Ex: Special storage facilities have been constructed which are at present serviced manually but will soon be computerised.Ex: If a child detects that no very strong value is placed on reading then he feels no compulsion to develop his own reading skill beyond the minimal, functional level we all need simply to carry on our daily lives in our print-dominated society.Ex: The author explains how libraries can keep their services going without being slaves to the job.Ex: These references operate in a similar fashion whether they are used to link authors' names or subject headings.Ex: The girls were swept away by the water as they failed to hold on to the bus stand.* capacidad de mantener la atención = attention span.* debate + mantenerse = debate + rage.* de mantener una conversación = conversational.* el que mantiene a la familia = breadwinner [bread winner].* mantener a Alguien alerta = keep + Nombre + on + Posesivo + toes.* mantener a Alguien atento = keep + Nombre + on + Posesivo + toes.* mantener a Alguien en vilo = keep + Nombre + on + Posesivo + toes.* mantener a Alguien informado de = keep + Nombre + posted on.* mantener activo = keep + Nombre + going.* mantener a flote = keep + afloat.* mantener a la par de = keep up with.* mantener alejado = keep away, keep + Nombre + out.* mantener Algo abierto = hold + Nombre + open.* mantener Algo activo = keep + Nombre + at the fore.* mantener Algo alejado = keep + Nombre + at arm's length.* mantener Algo al mínimo = keep + Nombre + at a minimum.* mantener Algo a salvo = keep + Nombre + out of harm's way.* mantener Algo controlado = keep + Nombre + in check.* mantener Algo en el buen camino = keep + Nombre + on track.* mantener Algo en equilibrio = keep + Nombre + in balance.* mantener Algo en la dirección correcta = keep + Nombre + on track.* mantener Algo en orden = keep + Nombre + in order.* mantener Algo fuera de peligro = keep + Nombre + out of harm's way.* mantener Algo ordenado = keep + Nombre + tidy, keep + Nombre + in order.* mantener Algo vivo = keep + the flame alive, keep + Nombre + at the fore.* mantener al ralentí = idle.* mantener a mano = keep to + hand.* mantener aparte = keep + separate.* mantener a raya = keep at + bay, hold off, keep + Nombre + in line, hold at + bay.* mantener bajo control = keep + a rein on.* mantener bajo vigilancia = keep under + observation.* mantener constancia de = keep + record of.* mantener contacto = maintain + contact.* mantener control = hold + the reins of control.* mantener cooperación = maintain + cooperation.* mantener dentro = keep + Nombre + in.* mantener el control = stay in + control.* mantener el ímpetu = maintain + momentum.* mantener el interés = hold + the interest.* mantener el orden = keep + order, police.* mantener el orden público = maintain + public order.* mantener el ritmo = keep + pace.* mantener el tipo = keep + a stiff upper lip.* mantener en observación = hold under + observation, keep under + observation.* mantener en privado = be out of the public eye.* mantener en reserva = keep on + reserve, keep in + reserve.* mantener en secreto = keep + secret, keep + hush hush, keep + confidential, keep + Nombre + under wraps.* mantener en sintonía = keep in + step.* mantener firme = keep + steady, hold in + line, hold + steady.* mantener informado = keep + informed.* mantener junto = keep together.* mantener la atención de Alguien = hold + Posesivo + attention.* mantener la boca cerrada = keep + Posesivo + mouth shut.* mantener la bola rodando = keep + the ball rolling.* mantener la cabeza = keep + Posesivo + head, keep + Posesivo + head together.* mantener la cabeza alta = hold + Posesivo + head high.* mantener la cabeza fría = keep + a cool head, remain + cool-headed, play it + cool.* mantener la calma = keep + Posesivo + head, keep + Posesivo + head together, keep + Pronombre + cool, remain + cool-headed, keep + a cool head, play it + cool.* mantener la coherencia = maintain + consistency.* mantener la compostura = keep + a cool head, remain + cool-headed, play it + cool.* mantener la condición (de) = retain + Posesivo + status (as).* mantener la continuidad = maintain + continuity.* mantener la delantera = keep + ahead.* mantener la disciplina = maintain + discipline.* mantener la palabra = keep + Posesivo + word, live up to + Posesivo + word.* mantener la posición = hold + the line.* mantener las apariencias = keep up + appearances.* mantener las cosas en marcha = keep + the ball rolling, keep + it rolling.* mantener las cosas en movimiento = keep + the ball rolling, keep + it rolling.* mantener las cosas funcionando = keep + the ball rolling, keep + it rolling.* mantener las cuentas = keep + Posesivo + accounts.* mantener las distancias con = keep + Nombre + at arm's length.* mantener la serenidad = keep + Pronombre + cool, keep + a cool head, remain + cool-headed, play it + cool.* mantener la tradición = keep with + tradition.* mantener la vida = sustain + life.* mantener libre de = keep + free of.* mantener los ojos bien abiertos = keep + Posesivo + eyes (wide) open, keep + Posesivo + eyes peeled, keep + Posesivo + eyes skinned.* mantener los precios = hold + prices down.* mantener oculto = keep + Nombre + under wraps.* mantener ocupado = keep + busy.* mantener ordenado = keep + Nombre + neat and tidy.* mantener presente = keep before.* mantener presionado = hold down.* mantener registro de = keep + record of.* mantener relaciones = maintain + contact, maintain + relationships, maintain + relations.* mantener relaciones comerciales = do + business.* mantenerse actualizado = keep up to + date (with).* mantenerse actualizado de = keep + abreast of.* mantenerse a distancia = stand off.* mantenerse a flote = keep + Posesivo + head above the water, keep + the wolves from the door, stay + afloat, stay in + business.* mantenerse aislado = keep to + Reflexivo.* mantenerse a la cabeza = stay + ahead of the pack.* mantenerse a la escucha = stay + tuned.* mantenerse al corriente = keep + current.* mantenerse al corriente de = keep + abreast of, stay + abreast of, keep + track of.* mantenerse al día = keep up to + date (with), keep up with + the current scene, keep + current.* mantenerse al día de = keep + abreast of, keep + pace with, keep up with, stay + abreast of, keep + a finger on the pulse of, stay in + step with, keep in + step with, keep + step with.* mantenerse al día de las noticias = keep up with + the news.* mantenerse al día de los avances = track + developments.* mantenerse alejado = stay away, remain + aloof.* mantenerse alejado de = stay away from, steer + clear of, give + Nombre + a wide berth, steer away from.* mantenerse alejado de la mirada del público = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.* mantenerse alejado de la mirada pública = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.* mantenerse alejado de + Nombre = keep + Nombre + at a distance.* mantenerse alerta = keep + alert, keep + an eye open, keep + Posesivo + eyes (wide) open.* mantenerse al frente = keep + ahead.* mantenerse al margen = keep to + Reflexivo, take + a back seat, stand by, remain on + the sidelines.* mantenerse al margen de = remain + uninvolved in, hold + Reflexivo + apart from.* mantenerse al margen de Algo = stay above + Algo.* mantenerse al tanto = stay + tuned.* mantenerse al tanto de = keep in + sync, keep + a finger on the pulse of, keep + track of, stay in + step with, keep in + step with, keep + step with.* mantenerse al tanto de las cosas = stay on + top of things, keep on + top of things, be on top of things.* mantenerse al tanto de las noticias = keep up with + the news.* mantenerse al tanto de los avances = track + developments.* mantenerse atento = keep + Posesivo + eyes (wide) open.* mantenerse atento a lo que ocurre alrededor = have + an ear to the ground, keep + Posesivo + ear to the ground.* mantenerse bien = keep + well.* mantenerse caliente = keep + warm.* mantenerse callado = keep + quiet.* mantenerse callado y pensativo con cierto resentimiento = brood.* mantenerse como válido = hold up.* mantener secreto = keep + secret.* mantenerse despierto = keep + alert, stay + awake.* mantenerse en buen estado físico = keep + fit.* mantenerse en contacto = stay + tuned.* mantenerse en contacto (con) = keep in + touch (with), stay in + touch (with).* mantenerse en espera = stay + tuned.* mantenerse en forma = keep + fit.* mantenerse en línea con = keep in + line with.* mantenerse en pie = hold + Posesivo + own.* mantenerse en + Posesivo + trece = stick to + Posesivo + guns.* mantenerse en sincronía = keep in + sync.* mantenerse en su sitio = stand + Posesivo + ground.* mantenerse en sus trece = stand + Posesivo + ground.* mantenerse fiel a = stick with.* mantenerse fiel a los principios de Uno = stick to + Posesivo + principles.* mantenerse firme = stand + Posesivo + ground, stick to + Posesivo + guns.* mantenerse impasible = keep + a stiff upper lip.* mantenerse informado = keep up to + date (with), keep + current.* mantenerse informado de = keep + abreast of.* mantenerse lejos de = steer + clear of, give + Nombre + a wide berth, steer away from.* mantenerse líder = stay + ahead of the pack.* mantener(se) ocupado = keep + busy.* mantener separado = keep apart.* mantenerse por delante = keep + ahead.* mantenerse por delante de la competencia = keep + one step ahead of the game, keep + one step ahead of the competition.* mantenerse unidos = stick together.* mantenerse vigente = hold + Posesivo + own.* mantener silencio = keep + silent, keep + silence.* mantener sincronizado = keep in + step.* mantener suspenso en el aire = suspend.* mantener todo controlado = stay on + top of things, keep on + top of things, be on top of things.* mantener una actitud = hold + attitude.* mantener una actitud abierta = be open-minded.* mantener una apariencia de = maintain + a semblance of.* mantener una conversación = hold + conversation.* mantener una opinión = hold + view, hold + opinion.* mantener una promesa = keep + Posesivo + promise.* mantener una relación con = carry on + relationship with.* mantener un concepto = hold + concept.* mantener un control férreo sobre = hold + an iron grip on.* mantener un debate = hold + discussion.* mantener un equilibrio = balance, maintain + a balance, keep + a balance.* mantener un estándar = uphold + standard.* mantener un interés = pursue + interest.* mantener un registro = keep + log.* mantener un registro de = keep + track of, record.* mantener un sistema de turnos = hold + a rota of.* mantener vigente = keep + alive.* mantener vivo = keep + alive, maintain + momentum, keep + Nombre + going.* máquina que mantiene las constantes vitales = life-support system.* para mantener(se) ocupado = keep-busy.* voluntad de mantener Algo en secreto = secretiveness.* * *vtA (sustentar económicamente) ‹familia/persona› to support, maintaincuesta una fortuna mantener a ese perro tan grande it costs a fortune to keep that enormous dog¡y pretende que ella lo mantenga! and he expects her to support o keep him!B1 (conservar, preservar) to keepmantener la calma/la compostura to keep calm/one's composuremantener el orden to keep o ( frml) maintain orderpara mantener la paz in order to keep the peacemantener su peso actual to maintain his present weightmantener las viejas tradiciones to keep up the old traditions2 (en cierto estado, cierta situación) (+ compl) to keeplos postes mantienen la viga en posición the posts keep the beam in positionmantener el equilibrio to keep one's balancelo mantiene en equilibrio sobre la punta de la nariz he balances it on the end of his noselos militares lo mantuvieron en el poder the military kept him in powertodos los medicamentos deben mantenerse fuera del alcance de los niños all medicines should be kept out of reach of children[ S ] mantenga limpia su ciudad keep Norwich ( o York etc) tidy[ S ] una vez abierto manténgase refrigerado keep refrigerated once openno mantiene su coche en buenas condiciones he doesn't keep his car in good condition, he doesn't maintain his car very wellsigue manteniendo vivos sus ideales he still keeps his ideals aliveC1 ‹conversaciones› to have; ‹contactos› to maintain, keep up; ‹correspondencia› to keep up; ‹relaciones› to maintaindurante las negociaciones mantenidas en Ginebra during the negotiations held in Geneva2 (cumplir) ‹promesa/palabra› to keepD (afirmar, sostener) to maintainmantiene que es inocente he maintains that he is innocentA (sustentarse económicamente) to support o maintain o keep oneselfB (en cierto estado, cierta situación) (+ compl) to keepse mantuvieron en primera división they kept their place o they stayed in the first divisionmantenerse en forma to keep in shape, to keep fitlo único que se mantiene en pie es la torre all that remains is the tower, only the tower is still standingse mantiene al día she keeps up to datesiempre se mantuvo a distancia he always kept his distancese mantuvo en contacto con sus amigos de la infancia he kept in touch with o kept up with his childhood friendsse mantuvo neutral en la disputa he remained neutral in the disputeC(alimentarse): nos mantuvimos a base de latas we lived off tinned foodse mantiene a base de vitaminas he lives on vitamin pills* * *
mantener ( conjugate mantener) verbo transitivo
1 ( económicamente) ‹familia/persona› to support, maintain;
‹ amante› to keep
2 (conservar, preservar) to keep;
mantener el equilibrio to keep one's balance;
mantener algo en equilibrio to balance sth;
para mantener su peso actual to maintain his present weight
3
‹ contactos› to maintain, keep up;
‹ correspondencia› to keep up;
‹ relaciones› to maintain
4 (afirmar, sostener) to maintain
mantenerse verbo pronominal
1 ( sustentarse económicamente) to support oneself
2 (en cierto estado, cierta situación) to keep;
la torre aún se mantiene en pie the tower is still standing;
mantenerse en contacto (con algn) to keep in touch (with sb)
3 ( alimentarse):
mantener verbo transitivo
1 (conservar) to keep: ella mantiene vivo su recuerdo, she keeps his memory alive
mantén la calma, keep calm
2 (sostener) to have: mantuvimos una conversación muy seria, we had a very serious talk
(una teoría, hipótesis) to defend, maintain
3 (alimentar, sustentar) to support, feed: no podían mantener las dos casas, they couldn't keep up both houses
4 (peso) to support, hold up
' mantener' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
callarse
- conchabarse
- conservar
- conservarse
- continuismo
- escribirse
- ir
- hilo
- línea
- raya
- sustentar
- tener
- tipo
- ahuyentar
- alerta
- calma
- correspondencia
- corriente
- disciplina
- flote
- guardar
- llevar
- mantiene
- mantuve
- orden
- preservar
- sujetar
English:
balance
- bay
- buoy
- captive
- carry on
- cherish
- cool
- fire
- hold
- hold off
- house
- hygiene
- image
- keep
- keep away
- keep down
- keep up
- maintain
- order
- preserve
- provide for
- retain
- secrecy
- stall
- support
- suspense
- sustain
- swear
- track
- unionist
- uphold
- weight-watching
- white elephant
- carry
- clear
- conduct
- correspond
- credit
- door
- go
- head
- inform
- occupy
- peace
- police
- provide
- segregate
- stand
- stick
- struggle
* * *♦ vt1. [económicamente] to support;con su sueldo mantiene a toda la familia he has to support o keep his whole family with his wages2. [sostener] to keep;un andamio mantiene el edificio en pie a scaffold supports the building o keeps the building from falling down;mantén los brazos en alto keep your arms in the air3. [conservar] to keep;[ritmo, nivel, presión] to keep up;mantener las amistades to keep up one's friendships;mantener algo en buen estado to keep sth in good condition;mantener la calma to stay calm;mantener el orden to keep order;mantener la línea to keep one's figure;mantener una promesa/la palabra to keep a promise/one's word;mantenga limpia su ciudad [en letrero] keep your city tidy;manténgase en un lugar seco [en etiqueta] keep in a dry place;manténgase fuera del alcance de los niños [en medicamento, producto tóxico] keep out of the reach of children;es incapaz de mantener la boca cerrada he can't keep his mouth shut4. [tener] [conversación] to have;[negociaciones, diálogo] to hold;mantener correspondencia con alguien to correspond with sb;mantener relaciones con alguien to have a relationship with sb;mantener contactos con alguien to be in contact with sb5. [defender] [convicción, idea] to stick to;[candidatura] to refuse to withdraw;mantiene su inocencia she maintains that she is innocent;mantiene que no la vio he maintains that he didn't see her* * *v/t2 ( preservar) keep3 conversación, relación have4 económicamente support5 ( afirmar) maintain* * *mantener {80} vt1) sustentar: to support, to feedmantener uno su familia: to support one's family2) conservar: to keep, to preserve3) continuar: to keep up, to sustainmantener una correspondencia: to keep up a correspondence4) afirmar: to maintain, to affirm* * *mantener vb2. (económicamente) to support3. (afirmar) to maintain -
26 keep
1. transitive verb,1) (observe) halten [Versprechen, Schwur usw.]; einhalten [Verabredung, Vereinbarung, Vertrag, Zeitplan]2) (guard) behüten, beschützen [Person]; hüten [Herde, Schafe]; schützen [Stadt, Festung]; verwahren [Wertgegenstände]keep something locked away — etwas unter Verschluss halten od. aufbewahren
3) (have charge of) aufbewahren; verwahrenyou can keep it — (coll.): (I do not want it) das kannst du behalten od. dir an den Hut stecken (ugs.)
5) (maintain) unterhalten, instandhalten [Gebäude, Straße usw.]; pflegen [Garten]neatly kept — gut gepflegt
7) halten [Schweine, Bienen, Hund, Katze usw]; sich (Dat.) halten [Diener, Auto]8) führen [Tagebuch, Liste usw.]keep the books — die Bücher führen
9) (provide for) versorgen, unterhalten [Familie]keep somebody/oneself in cigarettes — etc. jemanden/sich mit Zigaretten usw. versorgen
10) sich (Dat.) halten [Geliebte, Mätresse usw.]11) (have on sale) führen [Ware]keep a stock of something — etwas [am Lager] haben
keep something in one's head — etwas [im Kopf] behalten; sich (Dat.) etwas merken
keep the office running smoothly — dafür sorgen, dass im Büro weiterhin alles reibungslos [ab]läuft
keep somebody alive — jemanden am Leben halten
keep the traffic moving — den Verkehr in Fluss halten
keep something shut/tidy — etwas geschlossen/in Ordnung halten
13) (detain) festhaltenwhat kept you? — wo bleibst du denn?
don't let me keep you — lass dich [von mir] nicht aufhalten
keep somebody from doing something — jemanden davon abhalten od. daran hindern, etwas zu tun
to keep myself from falling — um nicht zu fallen
15) (reserve) aufheben; aufsparenkeep it for oneself — es für sich behalten
keep something for later — etc. sich (Dat.) etwas für später usw. aufheben od. aufsparen
16) (conceal)2. intransitive verb,1) (remain in specified place, condition) bleibenkeep warm/clean — sich warm/sauber halten
how are you keeping? — (coll.) wie geht's [dir] denn so? (ugs.)
2) (continue in course, direction, or action)keep [to the] left/[to the] right/straight on — sich links/rechts halten/immer geradeaus fahren/gehen usw.
‘keep left’ — (traffic sign) "links vorbeifahren"
keep behind me — halte dich od. bleib hinter mir
keep doing something — (not stop) etwas weiter tun; (repeatedly) etwas immer wieder tun; (constantly) etwas dauernd od. immer tun
keep talking/working etc. until... — weiterreden/-arbeiten usw., bis...
3. nounwhat I have to say won't keep — was ich zu sagen habe, ist eilig od. eilt
1) (maintenance) Unterhalt, derI get £100 a month and my keep — ich bekomme 100 Pfund monatlich und Logis
you don't earn your keep — du bist nichts als ein unnützer Esser
2)Phrasal Verbs:- academic.ru/120203/keep_after">keep after- keep at- keep in- keep off- keep on- keep out- keep to- keep up* * *[ki:p] 1. past tense, past participle - kept; verb1) (to have for a very long or indefinite period of time: He gave me the picture to keep.) behalten2) (not to give or throw away; to preserve: I kept the most interesting books; Can you keep a secret?) behalten3) (to (cause to) remain in a certain state or position: I keep this gun loaded; How do you keep cool in this heat?; Will you keep me informed of what happens?)4) (to go on (performing or repeating a certain action): He kept walking.) weiter-5) (to have in store: I always keep a tin of baked beans for emergencies.) aufbewahren7) (to remain in good condition: That meat won't keep in this heat unless you put it in the fridge.) sich halten8) (to make entries in (a diary, accounts etc): She keeps a diary to remind her of her appointments; He kept the accounts for the club.) führen9) (to hold back or delay: Sorry to keep you.) aufhalten11) (to act in the way demanded by: She kept her promise.) halten12) (to celebrate: to keep Christmas.) feiern2. noun(food and lodging: She gives her mother money every week for her keep; Our cat really earns her keep - she kills all the mice in the house.) der Unterhalt- keeper- keeping
- keep-fit
- keepsake
- for keeps
- in keeping with
- keep away
- keep back
- keep one's distance
- keep down
- keep one's end up
- keep from
- keep going
- keep hold of
- keep house for
- keep house
- keep in
- keep in mind
- keep it up
- keep off
- keep on
- keep oneself to oneself
- keep out
- keep out of
- keep time
- keep to
- keep something to oneself
- keep to oneself
- keep up
- keep up with the Joneses
- keep watch* * *[ki:p]I. NOUNnot to be worth one's \keep sein Geld nicht wert seinto earn one's \keep [sich dat] seinen Lebensunterhalt verdienenII. TRANSITIVE VERB<kept, kept>1. (hold onto)▪ to \keep sth etw behalten [o aufheben]to \keep bills/receipts Rechnungen/Quittungen aufhebento \keep the change das Wechselgeld behaltento \keep one's sanity sich akk geistig gesund halten2. (have in particular place)▪ to \keep sth etw [bereit] stehen haben [o SCHWEIZ, ÖSTERR a. parat haben]he \keeps a glass of water next to his bed er hat immer ein Glas Wasser neben seinem Bett stehen3. (store)to \keep sth safe etw verwahrenwhere do you \keep your cups? wo sind die Tassen?4. (run)to \keep a shop ein Geschäft führen5. (sell)to \keep sth shop etw führen [o auf Lager haben6. (detain)▪ to \keep sb jdn aufhaltento \keep sb waiting jdn warten lassen7. (prevent)▪ to \keep sb from doing sth jdn davon abhalten, etw zu tun8. (maintain)you have to \keep your dog on a chain Hunde müssen an der Leine bleibento \keep sb/sth under control jdn/etw unter Kontrolle haltento \keep count of sth etw mitzählento \keep sth up-to-date etw auf dem neuesten Stand haltento \keep one's eyes fixed on sb/sth den Blick auf jdn/etw geheftet haltento \keep sth in one's head etw im Kopf behaltento \keep house den Haushalt führento \keep sb in line dafür sorgen, dass jd sich akk an die Ordnung hältto \keep sb/sth in mind jdn/etw im Gedächtnis behaltento \keep a mistress sich dat eine Geliebte haltento \keep sb under observation jdn beobachten lassento \keep oneself to oneself für sich akk [allein] bleiben, [die] Gesellschaft [anderer] meidento \keep track of sb/sth jdn/etw im Auge behalten\keep track of how many people have entered reception merken Sie sich, wie viele Leute die Eingangshalle betreten habenI don't \keep track of the cats we've had any more ich weiß gar nicht mehr, wie viele Katzen wir schon gehabt habento \keep sb awake jdn wachhalten [o nicht einschlafen lassen]to \keep sth closed/open etw geschlossen/geöffnet lassento \keep sb/sth warm jdn/etw warmhalten9. (care for)to \keep children Kinder betreuen10. (own)▪ to \keep animals Tiere halten11. (guard)▪ to \keep sth etw bewachento \keep goal im Tor stehen nt, das Tor hütento \keep watch Wache halten12. (not reveal)13. (stick to)▪ to \keep sth etw [ein]halten [o befolgen]to \keep an appointment/a treaty einen Termin/einen Vertrag einhaltento \keep the faith fest im Glauben [o glaubensstark] sein\keep the faith! AM nur Mut!, Kopf hoch!he's really nervous about the presentation but I told him to \keep the faith er ist wirklich aufgeregt wegen der Moderation, aber ich habe ihm gesagt, er solle zuversichtlich seinto \keep the law/the Ten Commandments das Gesetz/die Zehn Gebote befolgento \keep an oath/a promise einen Schwur/ein Versprechen haltento \keep the sabbath den Sabbat heiligento \keep a tradition eine Tradition wahren14. (make records)to \keep the books die Bücher führento \keep a diary [or journal] ein Tagebuch führento \keep the minutes [das] Protokoll führento \keep score SPORT die Punkte anschreiben15. (provide for)▪ to \keep sb/sth jdn/etw unterhalten [o versorgen]to \keep sb in cigarettes/money jdn mit Zigaretten/Geld versorgenthe news will \keep her in gossip for some time to come aufgrund dieser Meldung wird man noch einige Zeit über sie tratschen fam16.▶ to \keep one's balance [or feet] das Gleichgewicht halten▶ to \keep one's hand in sth bei etw dat die Hand [weiterhin] im Spiel haben [o fam [nach wie vor] mitmischen]▶ to \keep a secret ein Geheimnis hüten [o bewahren]III. INTRANSITIVE VERB<kept, kept>2. (wait) Zeit habenthat gruesome story can \keep until we've finished eating, John diese Schauergeschichte hat Zeit bis nach dem Essen, Johnyour questions can \keep until later deine Fragen können noch warten3. (stay) bleibento \keep to one's bed im Bett bleibenshe's ill and has to \keep to her bed sie ist krank und muss das Bett hütento \keep in line sich akk an die Ordnung haltento \keep in step with sb mit jdm Schritt haltento \keep awake/healthy wach/gesund bleibento \keep cool einen kühlen Kopf [o die Ruhe] bewahrento \keep [to the] left/right sich akk [mehr] links/rechts haltento \keep quiet still sein4. (continue)▪ to \keep doing sth etw weiter tundon't stop, \keep walking bleib nicht stehen, geh weiterdon't \keep asking silly questions stell nicht immer so dumme Fragenthough the show was disgusting, he couldn't \keep from looking obwohl die Show abscheulich war, musste er sie sich einfach ansehenhow will I ever \keep from smoking? wie kann ich jemals mit dem Rauchen aufhören?6. (adhere to)to \keep to an agreement/a promise sich akk an eine Vereinbarung/ein Versprechen haltento \keep to a schedule einen Zeitplan einhaltento \keep to a/the subject [or topic] bei einem/beim Thema bleiben7.* * *keep [kiːp]A s1. (Lebens)Unterhalt m:earn one’s keep2. (Unterkunft f und) Verpflegung f3. Unterhaltskosten pl (eines Pferdes etc):earn its keep sich bezahlt machena) für oder auf immer, endgültig:settle a controversy for keeps einen Streit ein für alle Mal beilegen;b) ernsthaft5. Obhut f, Verwahrung f6. a) Bergfried m, Hauptturm mb) Burgverlies nB v/t prät und pperf kept [kept]keep the ticket in your hand behalte die Karte in der Handkeep apart getrennt halten, auseinanderhalten;keep a door closed eine Tür geschlossen halten;keep sth dry etwas trocken halten oder vor Nässe schützen;a) jemanden finanziell unterstützen,b) jemanden am Leben erhalten;keep the engine running den Motor laufen lassen;3. figa) (er)halten, (be)wahren:4. (im Besitz) behalten:she wants to keep her baby sie will ihr Baby behalten (will nicht abtreiben);keep the ball SPORT in Ballbesitz bleiben;keep the change der Rest (des Geldes) ist für Sie!;keep your seat, please bitte behalten Sie Platz;keep a seat for sb jemandem einen Platz frei halten;you can keep it! umg das kannst du dir an den Hut stecken!6. jemanden aufhalten:I won’t keep you long;don’t let me keep you lass dich nicht aufhalten!;what’s keeping him? wo bleibt er denn nur (so lange)?7. (fest)halten, bewachen:keep sb in prison jemanden in Haft halten;keep sb for lunch jemanden zum Mittagessen dabehalten;8. alte Briefe etc aufheben, aufbewahren:keep a secret ein Geheimnis bewahren;can you keep a secret? kannst du schweigen?;9. (aufrechter)halten, unterhalten:10. pflegen, (er)halten:keep in good repair in gutem Zustand erhalten, instand halten;a) in schlechtem Zustand,11. eine Ware führen:we don’t keep this article13. ein Geschäft etc führen:14. ein Amt etc innehabenkeep school Schule halten16. ein Versprechen etc (ein)halten, einlösen:17. das Bett, Haus, Zimmer hüten, bleiben in (dat):18. Vorschriften etc beachten, einhalten, befolgen:keep Sundays die Sonntage einhalten19. obs ein Fest begehen, feiern:20. ernähren, er-, unterhalten, sorgen für:have a family to keep eine Familie ernähren müssen;keep sb in money jemanden mit Geld versorgen;keep sb in food für jemandes Ernährung sorgen, jemanden ernähren21. Kostgänger etc haben, beherbergen22. a) Tiere haltenb) sich ein Hausmädchen, ein Auto etc haltenC v/i1. bleiben:keep in bed im Bett bleiben;keep in sight in Sicht(weite) bleiben;keep out of danger sich nicht in Gefahr bringen; → Verbindungen mit Adverbien2. sich halten, (in einem bestimmten Zustand) bleiben:keep still stillhalten;keep still about nichts verlauten lassen von;keep warm sich warm halten;keep friends (weiterhin) Freunde bleiben;keep in good health gesund bleiben;the milk (weather) will keep die Milch (das Wetter) wird sich halten;the weather keeps fine das Wetter bleibt schön;this matter will keep diese Sache hat Zeit oder eilt nicht;won’t it keep till later? hat das nicht bis später Zeit?;3. weiter… (Handlung beibehalten):the baby kept (on) crying for hours das Baby weinte stundenlang;prices keep (on) increasing die Preise steigen immer weiter;a) weiterlachen, nicht aufhören zu lachen,b) dauernd oder ständig lachen;keep smiling immer nur lächeln!, lass den Mut nicht sinken!, Kopf hoch!;keep (on) trying es weiter versuchen, es immer wieder versuchen4. sich links oder rechts halten:5. how are you keeping? umg obs wie geht es dir?* * *1. transitive verb,1) (observe) halten [Versprechen, Schwur usw.]; einhalten [Verabredung, Vereinbarung, Vertrag, Zeitplan]2) (guard) behüten, beschützen [Person]; hüten [Herde, Schafe]; schützen [Stadt, Festung]; verwahren [Wertgegenstände]keep something locked away — etwas unter Verschluss halten od. aufbewahren
3) (have charge of) aufbewahren; verwahren4) (retain possession of) behalten; (not lose or destroy) aufheben [Quittung, Rechnung]you can keep it — (coll.): (I do not want it) das kannst du behalten od. dir an den Hut stecken (ugs.)
5) (maintain) unterhalten, instandhalten [Gebäude, Straße usw.]; pflegen [Garten]6) (carry on, manage) unterhalten, führen, betreiben [Geschäft, Lokal, Bauernhof]7) halten [Schweine, Bienen, Hund, Katze usw]; sich (Dat.) halten [Diener, Auto]8) führen [Tagebuch, Liste usw.]9) (provide for) versorgen, unterhalten [Familie]keep somebody/oneself in cigarettes — etc. jemanden/sich mit Zigaretten usw. versorgen
10) sich (Dat.) halten [Geliebte, Mätresse usw.]11) (have on sale) führen [Ware]keep a stock of something — etwas [am Lager] haben
12) (maintain in quality, state, or position) halten [Rhythmus]keep something in one's head — etwas [im Kopf] behalten; sich (Dat.) etwas merken
keep the office running smoothly — dafür sorgen, dass im Büro weiterhin alles reibungslos [ab]läuft
keep something shut/tidy — etwas geschlossen/in Ordnung halten
13) (detain) festhaltendon't let me keep you — lass dich [von mir] nicht aufhalten
14) (restrain, prevent)keep somebody from doing something — jemanden davon abhalten od. daran hindern, etwas zu tun
15) (reserve) aufheben; aufsparenkeep something for later — etc. sich (Dat.) etwas für später usw. aufheben od. aufsparen
16) (conceal)2. intransitive verb,1) (remain in specified place, condition) bleibenkeep warm/clean — sich warm/sauber halten
how are you keeping? — (coll.) wie geht's [dir] denn so? (ugs.)
2) (continue in course, direction, or action)keep [to the] left/[to the] right/straight on — sich links/rechts halten/immer geradeaus fahren/gehen usw.
‘keep left’ — (traffic sign) "links vorbeifahren"
keep behind me — halte dich od. bleib hinter mir
keep doing something — (not stop) etwas weiter tun; (repeatedly) etwas immer wieder tun; (constantly) etwas dauernd od. immer tun
keep talking/working etc. until... — weiterreden/-arbeiten usw., bis...
3) (remain good) [Lebensmittel:] sich halten3. nounwhat I have to say won't keep — was ich zu sagen habe, ist eilig od. eilt
1) (maintenance) Unterhalt, derI get £100 a month and my keep — ich bekomme 100 Pfund monatlich und Logis
2)for keeps — (coll.) auf Dauer; (to be retained) zum Behalten
Phrasal Verbs:- keep at- keep in- keep off- keep on- keep out- keep to- keep up* * *v.(§ p.,p.p.: kept)= aufbewahren v.aufhalten v.behalten v.halten v.(§ p.,pp.: hielt, gehalten) -
27 sostener
v.1 to support, to hold up.sostenme esto, por favor hold this for me, pleaseLa columna sostiene la pared The column supports the wall.Elsa sostiene la verdad Elsa sustains=adduces the truth.2 to defend (defender) (idea, opinión, tesis).sostener que… to maintain that…3 to support.4 to hold, to have (tener) (conversación).sostener correspondencia con alguien to correspond with somebody5 to sustain.La organización sostiene a María The organization sustains Mary.6 to maintain to.Ella sostiene tener crédito She maintains to have a credit.7 to claim to, to hold to.Elsa sostiene la verdad Elsa sustains=adduces the truth.Ella sostuvo ser la heredera She claimed to be the heiress.* * *1 (mantener firme) to support, hold up2 (sujetar) to hold4 figurado (soportar) to endure, bear, put up with5 figurado (defender) to defend, uphold7 figurado (alimentar) to support, keep8 figurado (velocidad, correspondencia, relación, etc) to keep up, maintain1 (mantenerse) to support oneself; (de pie) to stand up2 (permanecer) to stay, remain\sostener la palabra figurado to keep one's wordsostener una conversación figurado to hold a conversationsostener la mirada a alguien figurado to stare somebody out* * *verb1) to support2) hold3) defend, uphold4) maintain, sustain•* * *1. VT1) (=sujetar)a) [en las manos, los brazos] to hold¡sostén esto un momentito! — hold this a minute!
yo llevaba las cajas mientras él me sostenía la puerta — I carried the boxes while he held the door open for me
b) [en pie] [+ construcción, edificio, techo] to hold up, supportlos pilares que sostienen el puente — the pillars which hold up o support the bridge
las piernas apenas me sostenían — my legs could barely hold me up o support me
entró borracho, sostenido por dos amigos — he came in drunk, held up o supported by two friends
c) (=soportar) [+ peso, carga] to bear, carry, sustain frm2) (=proporcionar apoyo a)a) [económicamente] to supportalgunas de las alternativas sugeridas para sostener al club — some of the alternatives suggested to keep the club going
b) (=alimentar) to support, sustain frmla tierra no da para sostener a todo el mundo — the land does not provide enough to support o frm sustain everyone
c) [moralmente] to supportuna mayoría capaz de sostener al Gobierno — a majority large enough to keep o support the government in power
3) (=mantener)a) [+ opinión] to holdsostiene un punto de vista muy diferente — he has o holds a very different point of view
no tiene datos suficientes para sostener esa afirmación — she doesn't have enough information to back up o support that statement
la investigación no ha terminado, como sostiene el juez — the investigation has not concluded, as the judge maintains o holds
sigue sosteniendo que es inocente — she still maintains o holds that she is innocent
b) [+ situación] to maintain, keep upno podrán sostener su puesto en la clasificación — they won't be able to maintain o keep up their place in the ranking
los campesinos han sostenido desde siempre una fuerte lucha con el medio — country people have always kept up o carried on a hard struggle against the environment
•
sostener la mirada de algn — to hold sb's gaze4) (=tener) [+ conversación, enfrentamiento, polémica] to have[+ reunión, audiencia]sostuvo recientemente un enfrentamiento con el presidente — he recently had a clash with the president
5) (Mús) [+ nota] to hold, sustain2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( apoyar)a) <estructura/techo> to hold up, support; <carga/peso> to beartenían que sostenerlo los dos — it needed both of them to support him o hold him up o prop him up
b) ( en un estado) to keep2) (sujetar, tener cogido) < paquete> to holdno tengas miedo, yo te sostengo — don't be afraid, I've got you o I'm holding you
3) <conversación/relación/reunión> to have4)a) ( opinar) to holdyo siempre he sostenido que... — I have always maintained o held that...
b) <argumento/afirmación> to support, back up5)a) <lucha/ritmo/resistencia> to keep up, sustainb) (Mús) < nota> to hold, sustain2.sostenerse v pron1)a) ( no caerse)b) ( en un estado) to remainse sostuvo en el poder — she managed to stay o remain in power
2) ( mantenerse)se sostiene a base de leche — she lives on o survives on milk
* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( apoyar)a) <estructura/techo> to hold up, support; <carga/peso> to beartenían que sostenerlo los dos — it needed both of them to support him o hold him up o prop him up
b) ( en un estado) to keep2) (sujetar, tener cogido) < paquete> to holdno tengas miedo, yo te sostengo — don't be afraid, I've got you o I'm holding you
3) <conversación/relación/reunión> to have4)a) ( opinar) to holdyo siempre he sostenido que... — I have always maintained o held that...
b) <argumento/afirmación> to support, back up5)a) <lucha/ritmo/resistencia> to keep up, sustainb) (Mús) < nota> to hold, sustain2.sostenerse v pron1)a) ( no caerse)b) ( en un estado) to remainse sostuvo en el poder — she managed to stay o remain in power
2) ( mantenerse)se sostiene a base de leche — she lives on o survives on milk
* * *sostener11 = sustain, balance, hold.Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado y participio held.Ex: Publishers in the United Stated benefit from a larger home market which serves to sustain the production of an information tool.
Ex: He lifted about five lines from the top of the nearest page on a setting rule and balanced it on his left hand, with the face of the letter towards him and the last line uppermost.Ex: If the search is made with a call number, a summary of copies with that call number which are held by the library is first displayed.sostener22 = be + Posesivo + contention, contend, submit, uphold, underpin, hold, maintain.Ex: It is our contention that an understanding of such basic principles is fundamental to an appreciation of the many and varied contexts that the individual is likely to encounter.
Ex: The author contends that it is possible to view the search conducted with the aid of a series of menus as having strong similarities with the search through the hierarchy of a enumerative classification scheme.Ex: I submit that no ordinary, right-minded library user who is looking for Western Behavioral Institute is going to look under LA JOLLA, California.Ex: It's about time that we go back to these principles and make sure that the quality of cataloging is upheld.Ex: This process is underpinned by a patient-based information system which is timely, accessible and credible to all participants.Ex: Some theorists hold that one stage must be completely worked through before the next stage can be entered.Ex: They maintain, in an article written for Library Resources and Technical Services (LRTS) 'that automated cataloging systems have addressed only half of the problems of maintaining a library catalog'.* sostener la opinión = argue.* sostener una opinión = hold + view, hold + opinion.* sostener un punto de vista = assert + view, hold + point of view.* * *vtA (apoyar)1 ‹estructura/techo› to hold up, support; ‹carga/peso› to beartenían que sostenerlo los dos it needed both of them to support him o hold him o prop him up2 (en un estado) to keeplas fuerzas que lo sostuvieron en el poder the forces which kept him in powerlo único que la sostiene es la fuerza de voluntad it's sheer willpower that's keeping her going3 (sustentar) ‹familia› to support, maintainB (sujetar, tener cogido) ‹paquete› to holdno tengas miedo, yo te sostengo don't be afraid, I've got you o I'm holding you o I'll keep hold of yousostén la puerta hold the door openponte un pasador para sostener el pelo put a barrette ( AmE) o ( BrE) slide in your hair to keep it in place ( o up etc)C ‹conversación/relación/reunión› to havesostuvieron una acalorada discusión they had a heated discussionno he sostenido nunca una relación duradera I've never had a lasting relationshipla polémica que sostiene con Godoy the dispute that he and Godoy are engaged in o that he is carrying on with GodoyD1 (opinar) to holdyo siempre he sostenido que … I have always maintained o held that …2 ‹argumento/afirmación› to support, back upno tienes pruebas para sostener esa afirmación you don't have any proof to back up o support that statementE1 ‹lucha/ritmo/resistencia› to keep up, sustainla miró y ella sostuvo su mirada he looked at her and she held his gaze2 ( Mús) ‹nota› to hold, sustainA1(no caerse): la estructura se sostiene sola the structure stays up o stands up without supportestaba tan débil que apenas se sostenía en pie he was so weak that he could hardly standla planta ya no se sostiene the plant doesn't stand up on its own o can't support itself any more2 (en un estado) to remainse sostuvo en el poder a pesar de la crisis she managed to stay o remain in power despite the crisisla economía se ha sostenido firme the economy has held o stood firmse sostuvo en su negativa he kept o stuck firmly to his refusalB(sustentarse): apenas puede sostenerse con lo que gana he can hardly support himself on what he earnsse sostiene a base de zumos y de leche she lives on o survives on fruit juice and milk* * *
sostener ( conjugate sostener) verbo transitivo
1 ( apoyar)
‹carga/peso› to bear
2 (sujetar, tener cogido) ‹ paquete› to hold;◊ no tengas miedo, yo te sostengo don't be afraid, I've got you o I'm holding you
3 ‹conversación/relación/reunión› to have
4
5
sostenerse verbo pronominala) ( no caerse):
apenas se sostenía en pie he could hardly stand
sostener verbo transitivo
1 (un peso, cúpula, etc) to support, hold up
(con la mano) sosténme el paraguas un momento, hold the umbrella for me for a moment
2 fig (un derecho, etc) to uphold
(una teoría) to maintain
3 (a la familia) to support
4 (negociaciones, una conversación) to have
' sostener' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
coger
- mantener
- mirada
- sujetarse
- aguantar
- sostuve
- sujetar
- tener
English:
allege
- argue
- bolster
- contend
- hold up
- submit
- support
- sustain
- uphold
- hold
- prop
* * *♦ vt1. [sujetar] [edificio, estructura, lo que se tambalea] to support, to hold up;[objeto, puerta, bebé] to hold;cuatro columnas sostienen todo el peso de la cúpula four columns take o support the entire weight of the dome;sosténgame esto, por favor hold this for me, please;si no nos llegan a sostener nos hubiéramos peleado if they hadn't held us back, we'd have started fighting;sólo les sostiene su inquebrantable optimismo the only thing that keeps them going is their unshakeable optimism2. [dar manutención a, sustentar] to support3. [mantener] [idea, opinión, tesis] to defend;[promesa, palabra] to keep;sostienen su oferta/invitación their offer/invitation still stands;sostener que… to maintain that…4. [tener] [conversación] to have;[reunión, negociaciones] to hold, to have;sostener correspondencia con alguien to correspond with sb;durante semanas sostuvo una agria polémica he was involved in a bitter dispute which lasted several weeks5. Fig [aguantar]el corredor no podía sostener aquel ritmo de carrera the athlete couldn't keep up with the pace of the race;era una situación imposible de sostener the situation was untenable;le sostuve la mirada I held her gaze* * *I v/t1 familia support2 opinión hold* * *sostener {80} vt1) : to support, to hold up2) : to holdsostenme la puerta: hold the door for mesostener una conversación: to hold a conversation3) : to sustain, to maintain* * *sostener vb2. (aguantar) to support3. (afirmar, mantener) to maintain -
28 defender
v.1 to defend.defender los intereses de alguien to defend somebody's interestsdefendió su teoría con sólidos argumentos he supported his theory with sound argumentsElsa defiende su posición Elsa defends her position.Elsa defiende los derechos humanos Elsa defends human rights.2 to protect (proteger) (del frío, calor).* * *1 (gen) to defend (contra/de, against)2 (mantener una opinión, afirmación) to defend, uphold; (respaldar a alguien) to stand up for, support3 (proteger) to protect (contra/de, against/from)1 (espabilarse) to manage, get by, get along■ ¿qué tal se defiende en inglés? how does she get by in English?, what's her English like?\defender una causa DERECHO to argue a case* * *verb* * *1.VT (Mil) [+ país, territorio, intereses] to defend; [+ causa, ideas] to defend, champion; (Jur) to defendel Real Madrid defiende el título de campeón — Real Madrid are defending the championship title, Real Madrid are the defending champions
defiendo la tesis doctoral el mes que viene — I'm having a viva on o (EEUU) I'm defending my doctoral thesis next month
2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivosiempre defiende a su hermana — he always defends o stands up for his sister
defender a alguien de algo/alguien — to defend somebody against something/somebody
b) < intereses> to protect, defend; <derechos/título> to defendc) (Der) to defendd) <idea/teoría/opinión> to defend, uphold; <causa/ideal> to champion, defend2.defender la tesis — ≈to defend one's dissertation ( in US), ≈to have a viva on one's thesis ( in UK)
defenderse v prona) (refl) ( contra una agresión) to defend o protect oneself; (Der) to defend oneselfdefenderse de algo/alguien — to defend oneself against something/somebody
b) (fam) ( arreglárselas) to get by (colloq)* * *= advocate, argue, argue + in favour of, be + Posesivo + contention, contend, defend, espouse, maintain, make + apology, make + a case for, plead for, put + the case for, uphold, crusade for, preach, preach, champion, speak up for, speak up for, articulate + the case for, present + case for, mount + defence, strike + a blow for, raise + the flag of, come down in + favour of, stick up for, stand by, rally (a)round, rally behind, stand for.Ex. In order to understand the citation order that PRECIS indexing advocates it is necessary to examine the function of the operators more closely.Ex. Cutter argued that when it could be established that the second term was definitely more significant then inversion of headings was acceptable.Ex. Despite the present financial straits of developing countries, she argues in favour of long-term plan for the acquisition of relevant rare book material.Ex. It is our contention that an understanding of such basic principles is fundamental to an appreciation of the many and varied contexts that the individual is likely to encounter.Ex. The author contends that it is possible to view the search conducted with the aid of a series of menus as having strong similarities with the search through the hierarchy of a enumerative classification scheme.Ex. A respondent is a candidate for a degree who, in an academic disputation, defends or opposes a thesis proposed by the praeses (q.v.); also called the defendant.Ex. Most respondents espoused the latter view as an appropriate response to IT developments to date.Ex. They maintain, in an article written for Library Resources and Technical Services (LRTS) 'that automated cataloging systems have addressed only half of the problems of maintaining a library catalog'.Ex. My perspective, for which I make no apology, is that of someone who works daily with the nitty-gritty of cataloging, as many of you do.Ex. This point-by-point evaluation makes a fairly convincing case for the public access online catalogue.Ex. I would plead for more standardization, not less, because I think whatever we do is going to be imperfect.Ex. A more moderate approach is found in the writings of Olding, who puts the case for multiple entry very concisely in a short pamphlet.Ex. It's about time that we go back to these principles and make sure that the quality of cataloging is upheld.Ex. There are also dedicated individuals within government who have found a niche from which to crusade for school libraries.Ex. A major failing of the information industry is that its members tend to preach to one another whereas what they should be doing is talking to everyone else outside the information industry.Ex. A major failing of the information industry is that its members tend to preach to one another whereas what they should be doing is talking to everyone else outside the information industry.Ex. In particular he championed free photoduplication of library materials as a natural extension of library services to patrons at a distance.Ex. Many people voiced fears that volunteers would be used to take over paid jobs from the workforce, but others spoke up for volunteers saying that in many cases they had created extra jobs for the permanent staff.Ex. Many people voiced fears that volunteers would be used to take over paid jobs from the workforce, but others spoke up for volunteers saying that in many cases they had created extra jobs for the permanent staff.Ex. Moreover, in addition to quantitative measures, qualitative indicators of benefits should be considered so as to present a complete picture when articulating the case for a library's total positive impact.Ex. An MP, a barrister, and a financial consultant present the case for charging Value Added Tax (VAT) on books.Ex. The author mounts a spirited defence of the National Library of Australia future collecting priorities.Ex. In an effort to save US culture, strike a blow for reading, and correct well intentioned but misguided notions about the Internet making libraries obsolete, offers ten reasons why the Internet is no substitute for a library..Ex. The Augustinian order kept his theological tradition, and raised the flag of the Augustinian thought before and after the German reformer.Ex. The author comes down in favour of adding notes to cataloguing records on the grounds that the educational purpose that they are intended to serve is clear.Ex. He states that he has always admired Woody Allen, explaining that when he first saw his films he was happy to see that someone was sticking up for the little guy.Ex. It's hard to believe she stands by a man who gets his kicks out of beating her black and blue everynight.Ex. I recalled how bereft we felt when we lost our son and how friends and neighbours rallied round and offered a shoulder to cry on.Ex. The second group, who rallied behind McCarthy, was composed of students and intellectuals who were vociferous against the war.Ex. I will stand for your rights as my forefathers did before me!.----* defender a = put + a word in for.* defender a Alguien = stand up for.* defender Algo = argue + Posesivo + corner.* defender el fuerte = hold + the fortress.* defender el honor de Uno = defend + Posesivo + honour.* defender enérgicamente = be vociferous about/in.* defender la causa de = further + the cause of.* defender la necesidad = articulate + the need.* defender la necesidad de = support + the case for.* defender lo indenfensible = defend + the indefensible.* defender los derechos de Uno = stand up for + Posesivo + rights.* defender los intereses = defend + interests, lobby for + interests.* defender los intereses de = go to + bat for, bat for.* defender los principios de Uno = stand up for + Posesivo + principles.* defender + Posesivo + argumento = support + Posesivo + case, buttress + Posesivo + case.* defender + Posesivo + caso = take up + Posesivo + case.* defender + Posesivo + causa = advance + Posesivo + cause.* defender + Posesivo + idea = support + Posesivo + case.* defender + Posesivo + postura = argue + Posesivo + case.* defenderse = bite back, stand up, strike back, fight back, fight for + Posesivo + life.* defenderse de ataques = ward off + attacks.* defenderse por uno mismo = fend for + Reflexivo.* defender una causa = promote + cause, support + cause, champion + cause.* defender una idea = champion + idea.* defender un argumento = support + view.* defender un opinión = support + view.* saber defenderse = hold + Posesivo + own.* * *1.verbo transitivosiempre defiende a su hermana — he always defends o stands up for his sister
defender a alguien de algo/alguien — to defend somebody against something/somebody
b) < intereses> to protect, defend; <derechos/título> to defendc) (Der) to defendd) <idea/teoría/opinión> to defend, uphold; <causa/ideal> to champion, defend2.defender la tesis — ≈to defend one's dissertation ( in US), ≈to have a viva on one's thesis ( in UK)
defenderse v prona) (refl) ( contra una agresión) to defend o protect oneself; (Der) to defend oneselfdefenderse de algo/alguien — to defend oneself against something/somebody
b) (fam) ( arreglárselas) to get by (colloq)* * *= advocate, argue, argue + in favour of, be + Posesivo + contention, contend, defend, espouse, maintain, make + apology, make + a case for, plead for, put + the case for, uphold, crusade for, preach, preach, champion, speak up for, speak up for, articulate + the case for, present + case for, mount + defence, strike + a blow for, raise + the flag of, come down in + favour of, stick up for, stand by, rally (a)round, rally behind, stand for.Ex: In order to understand the citation order that PRECIS indexing advocates it is necessary to examine the function of the operators more closely.
Ex: Cutter argued that when it could be established that the second term was definitely more significant then inversion of headings was acceptable.Ex: Despite the present financial straits of developing countries, she argues in favour of long-term plan for the acquisition of relevant rare book material.Ex: It is our contention that an understanding of such basic principles is fundamental to an appreciation of the many and varied contexts that the individual is likely to encounter.Ex: The author contends that it is possible to view the search conducted with the aid of a series of menus as having strong similarities with the search through the hierarchy of a enumerative classification scheme.Ex: A respondent is a candidate for a degree who, in an academic disputation, defends or opposes a thesis proposed by the praeses (q.v.); also called the defendant.Ex: Most respondents espoused the latter view as an appropriate response to IT developments to date.Ex: They maintain, in an article written for Library Resources and Technical Services (LRTS) 'that automated cataloging systems have addressed only half of the problems of maintaining a library catalog'.Ex: My perspective, for which I make no apology, is that of someone who works daily with the nitty-gritty of cataloging, as many of you do.Ex: This point-by-point evaluation makes a fairly convincing case for the public access online catalogue.Ex: I would plead for more standardization, not less, because I think whatever we do is going to be imperfect.Ex: A more moderate approach is found in the writings of Olding, who puts the case for multiple entry very concisely in a short pamphlet.Ex: It's about time that we go back to these principles and make sure that the quality of cataloging is upheld.Ex: There are also dedicated individuals within government who have found a niche from which to crusade for school libraries.Ex: A major failing of the information industry is that its members tend to preach to one another whereas what they should be doing is talking to everyone else outside the information industry.Ex: A major failing of the information industry is that its members tend to preach to one another whereas what they should be doing is talking to everyone else outside the information industry.Ex: In particular he championed free photoduplication of library materials as a natural extension of library services to patrons at a distance.Ex: Many people voiced fears that volunteers would be used to take over paid jobs from the workforce, but others spoke up for volunteers saying that in many cases they had created extra jobs for the permanent staff.Ex: Many people voiced fears that volunteers would be used to take over paid jobs from the workforce, but others spoke up for volunteers saying that in many cases they had created extra jobs for the permanent staff.Ex: Moreover, in addition to quantitative measures, qualitative indicators of benefits should be considered so as to present a complete picture when articulating the case for a library's total positive impact.Ex: An MP, a barrister, and a financial consultant present the case for charging Value Added Tax (VAT) on books.Ex: The author mounts a spirited defence of the National Library of Australia future collecting priorities.Ex: In an effort to save US culture, strike a blow for reading, and correct well intentioned but misguided notions about the Internet making libraries obsolete, offers ten reasons why the Internet is no substitute for a library..Ex: The Augustinian order kept his theological tradition, and raised the flag of the Augustinian thought before and after the German reformer.Ex: The author comes down in favour of adding notes to cataloguing records on the grounds that the educational purpose that they are intended to serve is clear.Ex: He states that he has always admired Woody Allen, explaining that when he first saw his films he was happy to see that someone was sticking up for the little guy.Ex: It's hard to believe she stands by a man who gets his kicks out of beating her black and blue everynight.Ex: I recalled how bereft we felt when we lost our son and how friends and neighbours rallied round and offered a shoulder to cry on.Ex: The second group, who rallied behind McCarthy, was composed of students and intellectuals who were vociferous against the war.Ex: I will stand for your rights as my forefathers did before me!.* defender a = put + a word in for.* defender a Alguien = stand up for.* defender Algo = argue + Posesivo + corner.* defender el fuerte = hold + the fortress.* defender el honor de Uno = defend + Posesivo + honour.* defender enérgicamente = be vociferous about/in.* defender la causa de = further + the cause of.* defender la necesidad = articulate + the need.* defender la necesidad de = support + the case for.* defender lo indenfensible = defend + the indefensible.* defender los derechos de Uno = stand up for + Posesivo + rights.* defender los intereses = defend + interests, lobby for + interests.* defender los intereses de = go to + bat for, bat for.* defender los principios de Uno = stand up for + Posesivo + principles.* defender + Posesivo + argumento = support + Posesivo + case, buttress + Posesivo + case.* defender + Posesivo + caso = take up + Posesivo + case.* defender + Posesivo + causa = advance + Posesivo + cause.* defender + Posesivo + idea = support + Posesivo + case.* defender + Posesivo + postura = argue + Posesivo + case.* defenderse = bite back, stand up, strike back, fight back, fight for + Posesivo + life.* defenderse de ataques = ward off + attacks.* defenderse por uno mismo = fend for + Reflexivo.* defender una causa = promote + cause, support + cause, champion + cause.* defender una idea = champion + idea.* defender un argumento = support + view.* defender un opinión = support + view.* saber defenderse = hold + Posesivo + own.* * *defender [E8 ]vt1 (proteger) ‹guarnición/nación› to defend, protect; ‹persona› to defendsiempre defiende a su hermana he always defends o protects o stands up for his sisterdefender a algn DE algo/algn to defend sb AGAINST sth/sbla defendió de las acusaciones/de sus atacantes he defended her against the accusations/against her attackers2 ‹intereses› to protect, defend; ‹derechos› to defend; ‹título› to defend3 ( Der) ‹caso› to defend; ‹acusado/cliente› to defend4 ‹idea/teoría/opinión› to defend, uphold; ‹causa/ideal› to champion, defenddefender la tesis ≈ to defend one's dissertation ( in US), ≈ to have a viva on one's thesis ( in UK)1 ( refl) (contra una agresión) to defend o protect oneself; ( Der) to defend oneself defenderse DE algo/algn to defend oneself AGAINST sth/sbme defiendo bastante bien en francés I can get by quite well in French¿sabes jugar al tenis? — bueno, me defiendo can you play tennis? — well, I'm not too bad ( colloq)* * *
defender ( conjugate defender) verbo transitivo
to defend;
‹ intereses› to protect;
defender a algo/algn de algo/algn to defend sth/sb against sth/sb
defenderse verbo pronominal
(Der) to defend oneself;
defenderse de algo/algn to defend oneself against sth/sb
defender verbo transitivo to defend [contra, against] [de, from]
' defender' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
defensa
- defensor
- defensora
- muerte
- resguardar
- uña
- unirse
- valedor
- valedora
- defienda
English:
argue
- defend
- defender
- guard
- leg
- plead
- speak up
- stand up
- stick up for
- uphold
- advocate
- champion
- speak
- stand
- stick
* * *♦ vt1. [país, ideas] to defend;[amigo] to stand up for; Dep [contrario, delantero] to mark;defender a alguien de algo to defend sb from o against sth;defender los derechos/intereses de alguien to defend sb's rights/interests;defendió su teoría con sólidos argumentos he supported his theory with sound arguments;Depdefender el título to defend the title;defender algo a capa y espada to defend sth tooth and nail2. [reo, acusado] to defend♦ viDep to mark;defender al hombre to mark man for man, to man-mark;defender en zona to use a zone defence* * *I v/t1 defend (de against)2 en fútbol mark* * *defender {56} vt: to defend, to protect* * *defender vb1. (en general) to defend2. (proteger) to protect -
29 Qualität
Qualität f GEN, IND, MGT, V&M, WIWI quality* * *f <Geschäft, Ind, Mgmnt, V&M, Vw> quality* * *Qualität
(Art) kind, (Güte) quality, grade, class, (Marke) brand, description, mark, (Sorte) sort, type, run;
• abweichend von der üblichen Qualität off standard;
• erster Qualität first-rate, of finest grade;
• von ausgesuchter (bester) Qualität choice, of first (prime) quality;
• von durchschnittlicher Qualität of ordinary quality;
• von erstklassiger Qualität of high (top) quality, high-class;
• von geringer Qualität low-class, poor;
• von höchster Qualität excelsior;
• von minderer (minderwertiger, niederer) Qualität low-grade, third-rate;
• von schlechter Qualität off, poor, low-keyed;
• zweiter Qualität (Waren) seconds;
• abfallende Qualität inferior quality;
• gut abgelagerte Qualität well-conditioned quality;
• allererste Qualität sterling (extra-fine, unrivalled) quality;
• ausbedungene Qualität stipulated quality;
• auserlesene Qualität prime [quality];
• ausgesuchte (ausgezeichnete) Qualität choice quality, class;
• ausreichende Qualität [acceptable] quality level;
• nicht ausreichende Qualität poor quality;
• autobahnähnliche Qualität near motorway standard (Br.);
• bessere Qualität superior quality;
• beste Qualität superior quality, firsts;
• beste englische Qualität of best English make;
• bestimmte Qualität concrete (definite) quality;
• durchschnittliche Qualität standard (average, medium) quality;
• erbärmliche Qualität bottom quality;
• erforderliche Qualität required quality;
• erlesene Qualität choicest quality;
• erste Qualität choice quality, grade A, (Brillant) first water;
• erstklassige Qualität first-rate (first-class, finest, top[-grade], prime) quality;
• extrafeine Qualität superior quality;
• besonders feine Qualität selected quality;
• feinste Qualität superior quality;
• friedensmäßige Qualität pre-war quality;
• gangbare Qualitäten fair assortment;
• gängige Qualität current quality;
• geringere Qualität inferiority, inferior quality;
• gleich bleibende Qualität unvarying quality;
• gute Qualität good (fair) quality;
• handelsübliche Qualität merchantability, merchantable quality, commercial standard;
• hervorragende Qualität transcendent quality;
• mangelnde Qualität non-quality, lacking quality;
• marktübliche Qualität merchantable quality;
• minderwertige Qualität quality falling short, low[-grade] (cheap, poor) quality;
• mittlere Qualität medium goods (sort), middling [quality];
• reelle Qualität sound quality;
• schlechte Qualität poor (inferior, lowest) quality, quality not up to standard;
• schlechtere Qualität quality not up to standard;
• schlechteste Qualität lowest (bottom) quality;
• unzureichende Qualität unsatisfactory quality;
• vereinbarte Qualität agreed quality;
• vorzügliche Qualität prime (superior) quality;
• zugesicherte Qualität promised quality, warrant of merchantability;
• noch zulässige Qualität tolerance quality;
• zweite Qualität second[-class] quality;
• gute Qualität und Beschaffenheit good merchantable quality and condition;
• Qualität eines Erzeugnisses product quality;
• Qualität des Kundendienstes grade of service;
• Qualität laut Muster quality as per sample;
• beste Qualität für geringsten Preis best buy;
• j. nicht entsprechend seinen Qualitäten bezahlen to overlook s. one’s services;
• für hohe Qualität bürgen to guarantee high quality;
• der Qualität den Vorrang geben to shift the emphasis to quality;
• mehr auf Quantität als auf Qualität gehen to seek size rather than quality;
• hohe Qualität des Kundendienstes gewährleisten to maintain standards of customer service;
• dieselbe Qualität liefern wie ein anderer to match s. one’s grade;
• nach Qualitäten ordnen to grade;
• Qualität prüfen to check quality;
• Qualität steigern to enrich (upgrade) the quality;
• mit der vorgezeigten Probe in der Qualität übereinstimmen to match (correspond in quality to) the sample;
• Qualität der Erzeugnisse verbessern to upgrade the quality of production. -
30 específico
adj.specific, particular, special.* * *► adjetivo1 specific1 (medicamento) specific; (especialidad) patent medicine\peso específico specific gravity————————1 (medicamento) specific; (especialidad) patent medicine* * *(f. - específica)adj.* * *1.ADJ specific2.SM (Med) specific* * *I- ca adjetivo1) ( preciso) specific2) (Farm, Med) specificIImasculino specific* * *= given, individual, narrow [narrower -comp., narrowest -sup.], niche-specific, one, one-off, specific, single, bounded, determinate, particular, defined, designated, circumscribed, targeted, focused [focussed], narrowly focused.Ex. The notation for any given geographical division varies between classes and between different parts of the same classes.Ex. The series area includes the series title, an indication of the responsibility for the series (often series editors), and the number of the individual work within the series, if the work is one of a numbered series.Ex. The subject areas which such data bases cover may range from relatively narrow subjects, to interdisciplinary areas.Ex. The history and analysis of CCML presented here is quite subjective and specific to BRS, but does reflect the issues associated with producing a niche-specific database.Ex. Note the different definitions, and the different boundaries for this one subject area.Ex. Associated with full-time staffing reductions has been the virtual elimination of part-time teachers and ' one-off' expert lecturers.Ex. Various publishers have reputations for specific styles, subject areas or works for specific audiences.Ex. In other words, the elements of any single case may point to several concepts; in this sense, the cases are like icebergs -- more is hidden han appears on the surface.Ex. This problem arises in real time multimedia applications, which often requires a guaranteed bandwidth and bounded delay to ensure that the quality of service is met = Este problema surge en las aplicaciones multimedia en tiempo real, que a menudo necesitan un ancho de banda garantizado y un retraso limitado para asegurar la calidad del servicio.Ex. There is no coherent and determinate body of legal doctrine and the categories available for classifying legal problems simply mask the incoherency and indeterminacy of legal doctrine.Ex. It is possible to identify an item uniquely within a particular institution or agency by a running accession number.Ex. The Pearson correlation coefficient has been calculated to find out the correlation and to test the null hypothesis that there is no correlation among publishing in journals, citing from journals and use of journals by a defined set of researchers.Ex. It is tremendously valuable to library staff (particularly in libraries with a designated departmental structure) to maintain close professional ties with local academic departments.Ex. Library and Information Plans (LIP) are 5-year management plans for information provision in a circumscribed region.Ex. Threats to the integrity of science include interest in paranormal phenomena, sensationalism of science and pressure for targeted research.Ex. These include a series of focused workshops and a four day national conference.Ex. Some articles cover broad themes while others are more narrowly focused.----* área de datos específicos de la clase de documento = material (or type of publication) specific details area.* area temática específica = narrow subject area.* base de datos dirigida a un mercado específico = niche database.* centrado en un tema específico = topic-centred.* conseguir ocupar un lugar específico = secure + a niche.* de aplicación específica a un equipo de ordenador = hardware-based.* dedicado a una aplicación específica = dedicated.* del documento específico = document-related.* dirigido a un sector de la población específico = sector-orientated.* específico a la biblioteca = library-specific.* específico de = peculiar to.* específico de la biblioteca = library-specific.* específico de la edición = edition-specific.* específico de las empresas = company-specific.* específico del documento = document-related, document-specific.* específico de una agencia = agency-specific.* específico de una base de datos = database-specific.* específico de una disciplina = discipline-specific.* específico de un trabajo concreto = job-specific.* específico para cada edición = edition-specific.* grupo específico = niche.* hecho para una situación específica = niche-specific.* índice específico = specific index.* información específica = data element.* mención específica del formato de música impresa = musical presentation statement.* mercado específico = niche market.* para ser específico = to be specific.* peso específico = specific gravity.* público específico = niche audience.* término específico = specific term.* término específico genérico (NTG) = narrower term generic (NTG).* término específico partitivo (NTP) = narrower term partitive (NTP).* término más específico = narrower term.* tratamiento específico de la información = specific approach.* valor específico = weighting.* * *I- ca adjetivo1) ( preciso) specific2) (Farm, Med) specificIImasculino specific* * *= given, individual, narrow [narrower -comp., narrowest -sup.], niche-specific, one, one-off, specific, single, bounded, determinate, particular, defined, designated, circumscribed, targeted, focused [focussed], narrowly focused.Ex: The notation for any given geographical division varies between classes and between different parts of the same classes.
Ex: The series area includes the series title, an indication of the responsibility for the series (often series editors), and the number of the individual work within the series, if the work is one of a numbered series.Ex: The subject areas which such data bases cover may range from relatively narrow subjects, to interdisciplinary areas.Ex: The history and analysis of CCML presented here is quite subjective and specific to BRS, but does reflect the issues associated with producing a niche-specific database.Ex: Note the different definitions, and the different boundaries for this one subject area.Ex: Associated with full-time staffing reductions has been the virtual elimination of part-time teachers and ' one-off' expert lecturers.Ex: Various publishers have reputations for specific styles, subject areas or works for specific audiences.Ex: In other words, the elements of any single case may point to several concepts; in this sense, the cases are like icebergs -- more is hidden han appears on the surface.Ex: This problem arises in real time multimedia applications, which often requires a guaranteed bandwidth and bounded delay to ensure that the quality of service is met = Este problema surge en las aplicaciones multimedia en tiempo real, que a menudo necesitan un ancho de banda garantizado y un retraso limitado para asegurar la calidad del servicio.Ex: There is no coherent and determinate body of legal doctrine and the categories available for classifying legal problems simply mask the incoherency and indeterminacy of legal doctrine.Ex: It is possible to identify an item uniquely within a particular institution or agency by a running accession number.Ex: The Pearson correlation coefficient has been calculated to find out the correlation and to test the null hypothesis that there is no correlation among publishing in journals, citing from journals and use of journals by a defined set of researchers.Ex: It is tremendously valuable to library staff (particularly in libraries with a designated departmental structure) to maintain close professional ties with local academic departments.Ex: Library and Information Plans (LIP) are 5-year management plans for information provision in a circumscribed region.Ex: Threats to the integrity of science include interest in paranormal phenomena, sensationalism of science and pressure for targeted research.Ex: These include a series of focused workshops and a four day national conference.Ex: Some articles cover broad themes while others are more narrowly focused.* área de datos específicos de la clase de documento = material (or type of publication) specific details area.* area temática específica = narrow subject area.* base de datos dirigida a un mercado específico = niche database.* centrado en un tema específico = topic-centred.* conseguir ocupar un lugar específico = secure + a niche.* de aplicación específica a un equipo de ordenador = hardware-based.* dedicado a una aplicación específica = dedicated.* del documento específico = document-related.* dirigido a un sector de la población específico = sector-orientated.* específico a la biblioteca = library-specific.* específico de = peculiar to.* específico de la biblioteca = library-specific.* específico de la edición = edition-specific.* específico de las empresas = company-specific.* específico del documento = document-related, document-specific.* específico de una agencia = agency-specific.* específico de una base de datos = database-specific.* específico de una disciplina = discipline-specific.* específico de un trabajo concreto = job-specific.* específico para cada edición = edition-specific.* grupo específico = niche.* hecho para una situación específica = niche-specific.* índice específico = specific index.* información específica = data element.* mención específica del formato de música impresa = musical presentation statement.* mercado específico = niche market.* para ser específico = to be specific.* peso específico = specific gravity.* público específico = niche audience.* término específico = specific term.* término específico genérico (NTG) = narrower term generic (NTG).* término específico partitivo (NTP) = narrower term partitive (NTP).* término más específico = narrower term.* tratamiento específico de la información = specific approach.* valor específico = weighting.* * *A (determinado, preciso) specific pesoun medicamento específico a specificspecific* * *
Del verbo especificar: ( conjugate especificar)
especifico es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
especificó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
especificar
específico
especificar ( conjugate especificar) verbo transitivo
to specify
específico◊ -ca adjetivo
specific
especificar verbo transitivo to specify
específico,-a
I adjetivo specific
II m Med specific (remedy): los médicos de la seguridad social procuran no recetar específicos, doctors in the national health care system avoid prescribing specifics to their patients
' específico' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
específica
- peso
- concreto
- general
- helecho
- particular
- quinceañero
English:
backbencher
- crime
- general
- given
- in
- literate
- particular
- specific
- back
* * *específico, -a♦ adjspecific♦ nm[medicamento] specific* * *adj specific* * *específico, -ca adj: specific♦ específicamente adv* * *específico adj specific -
31 sustain
[sə'steɪn]1) (maintain) mantenere [interest, success, quality]; perseguire [war, policy]2) mus. tenere [ note]3) (provide strength) sostenere4) (support) sostenere [regime, market]to sustain life — mantenere in vita, sostentare
5) (suffer) ricevere [injury, blow]; subire [defeat, damage]* * *[sə'stein]1) (to bear (the weight of): The branches could hardly sustain the weight of the fruit.) sostenere2) (to give help or strength to: The thought of seeing her again sustained him throughout his ordeal.) sostenere* * *[sə'steɪn]1) (maintain) mantenere [interest, success, quality]; perseguire [war, policy]2) mus. tenere [ note]3) (provide strength) sostenere4) (support) sostenere [regime, market]to sustain life — mantenere in vita, sostentare
5) (suffer) ricevere [injury, blow]; subire [defeat, damage] -
32 standard
ˈstændəd
1. сущ.
1) знамя, штандарт to march under the standard of smb. перен. ≈ быть последователем кого-л.
2) а) мерило, норма, образец, стандарт (также юр., тех. и т.д.) to abandon a standard ≈ отказываться от стандарта to adhere to, maintain a standard ≈ следовать стандарту to apply a standard ≈ применять стандарт to establish, set a standard ≈ установить стандарт to lower standards ≈ снижать требования to raise standards ≈ повышать требования to raise the standard of living ≈ поднимать уровень жизни to raise academic standards ≈ повышать академические требования accepted standards double standard high standard low standard standard of culture standard of education standard of life standard of living standard of price standards of weight Syn: criterion, gauge, measure, test, touchstone, yardstick б) денежная система, денежный стандарт
3) а) основание, подставка, опора, стойка б) тех. станина
4) класс, уровень( в британских школах - критерий общих знаний ребенка, ученика)
2. прил.
1) а) стандартный, типовой, обычный standard gauge б) трафаретный, шаблонный, стандартный, "штампованый"
2) а) обычный, общепринятый, нормативный Syn: generally accepted, generally used, generally adopted б) образцовый, традиционный знамя, флаг, штандарт - to raise the * of revolt поднять знамя восстания - to march under the * of smb. стать под чьи-л. знамена, быть приверженцем /последователем/ кого-л. стандарт, норма;
образец - * of international law нормы международного права - work of high * работа высокого качества - below * не соответствующий принятому стандарту - to fall short of accepted *s не соответствовать стандартам уровень - * of life /of living/ уровень жизни - * of wages уровень зарплаты pl моральные и социальные нормы - he has no *s он не понимает, что хорошо и что плохо /что можно делать и чего нельзя/ критерий - *s of judgement критерии оценки - to judge all men by the same * подходить ко всем с одной меркой эталон, единица измерения - * of comparison эталон для сравнения денежный стандарт - gold * золотой стандарт( техническое) нормаль;
норматив - to compute *s составлять нормативы проба( драгоценного металла) класс (в начальной школе) (разговорное) рост( человека) - the * of height рост (техническое) стандарт (мера объема строевого материала, 4,7 куб.м) средний размер( одежды) ;
размер для стандартной фигуры непременный номер в программе (песня и т. п.) нормальный, стандартный, соответствующий установленному образцу - * candle эталонная свеча - * conditions( физическое) нормальные условия (ноль градусов по Цельсию и 760 мм давления) - * film стандартная кинопленка( 35 мм шириной) - * munition( военное) табельные боеприпасы - * sample типовой образец;
стандартный образец - * solution( химическое) титрованный раствор - * specification технические условия - * design типовой проект - * tractor трактор общего назначения - * trench( военное) окоп полного профиля общепринятый, нормативный, образцовый - * English литературный английский язык - * pronunciation нормативное произношение образцовый, классический;
выдержавший проверку временем - * history классический труд по истории - * authors выдающиеся писатели, писатели-классики - * reference work авторитетный справочник средний, нормальный (о фигуре) - * fitting средний размер (одежды) ;
размер для стандартной фигуры отвечающий санитарному стандарту (о продовольствии не высших сортов) - * meat мясо второго сорта стойка;
подставка;
опора - a floor lamp with a long * торшер - a * for a vase подставка для вазы - high-jumping *s стойки для прыжков в высоту (легкая атлетика) (американизм) столб( техническое) станина;
стояк( водопровода и т. п.) (военное) станина (орудия) ;
опорная сошка( миномета) штамбовое растение( лесохозяйственное) подрост (ботаника) флаг, парус( у бобовых) стоячий штамбовый - * roses штамбовые розы - * tree высокоствольное дерево accounting ~ норматив бухгалтерского учета auditing ~ ревизионный норматив double ~ двойная мораль;
разный подход double ~ двойной стандарт to fall short of accepted ~s не соответствовать принятым нормам;
up to( below) standard соответствует( не соответствует) принятому стандарту gold bullion ~ золотослитковый стандарт gold exchange ~ девизный стандарт gold exchange ~ золотовалютный стандарт gold specie ~ золотомонетный стандарт standard денежная система, денежный стандарт;
the gold standard золотой стандарт gold ~ золотое обеспечение gold ~ золотой стандарт imperial ~ стандарт Великобритании labour ~s трудовые нормы (регулируют занятость и условия труда) legal ~ правовой стандарт living ~ жизненный уровень living ~s уровень жизни;
жизненный уровень lower the ~ снижать жизненный уровень ~ знамя, штандарт;
to raise the standard of revolt поднять знамя восстания;
to march under the standard (of smb.) перен. быть последователем (кого-л.) minimum ~ минимальный стандарт monetary ~ денежный стандарт paper ~ бумажный денежный стандарт product ~ производственный стандарт quality ~ норматив качества quality ~ нормы качества quality ~ стандарт качества quality ~ уровень качества ~ знамя, штандарт;
to raise the standard of revolt поднять знамя восстания;
to march under the standard (of smb.) перен. быть последователем (кого-л.) standard денежная система, денежный стандарт;
the gold standard золотой стандарт ~ знамя, штандарт;
to raise the standard of revolt поднять знамя восстания;
to march under the standard (of smb.) перен. быть последователем (кого-л.) ~ класс (в начальной школе) ~ масштаб ~ мера ~ модель ~ норма ~ норматив ~ образец ~ общепринятый, нормативный;
образцовый;
the standard book on the subject образцовый труд по данному вопросу ~ проба (золота и серебра) ~ стандарт, норма, образец, мерило;
standard of culture (или of education) культурный уровень ~ стандарт ~ стандартный, типовой;
нормальный;
standard shape( size) стандартная форма( - ный размер) ;
standard gauge ж.-д. нормальная колея ~ стандартный, нормальный, типовой ~ стандартный ~ тех. станина ~ стойка, подставка, опора ~ штамбовое растение ~ штамбовый (о растениях) ~ эталон ~ эталонный ~ attr: ~ lamp торшер ~ общепринятый, нормативный;
образцовый;
the standard book on the subject образцовый труд по данному вопросу ~ стандартный, типовой;
нормальный;
standard shape( size) стандартная форма( - ный размер) ;
standard gauge ж.-д. нормальная колея ~ attr: ~ lamp торшер ~ стандарт, норма, образец, мерило;
standard of culture (или of education) культурный уровень ~ of life (или of living) жизненный уровень;
standard of price эк. уровень цен;
standards of weight меры веса ~ of life (или of living) жизненный уровень;
standard of price эк. уровень цен;
standards of weight меры веса ~ of proof стандарт доказательства ~ of quality уровень качества ~ стандартный, типовой;
нормальный;
standard shape (size) стандартная форма(-ный размер) ;
standard gauge ж.-д. нормальная колея ~ of life (или of living) жизненный уровень;
standard of price эк. уровень цен;
standards of weight меры веса to fall short of accepted ~s не соответствовать принятым нормам;
up to (below) standard соответствует (не соответствует) принятому стандартуБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > standard
-
33 noch
I Adv.1. still; immer noch oder noch immer still; noch nicht not yet; noch ist es nicht zu spät it’s not too late yet; noch nie never (before); noch lange nicht umg. not by a long chalk (Am. shot); wir sind noch lange nicht fertig etc. we’re not nearly ( oder nowhere near) ready etc.2. geringen zeitlichen Abstand ausdrückend: noch am selben Tag that (very) same day; noch gestern only yesterday; heute noch (bis heute) to this day; noch jetzt even now; sie war eben oder gerade noch hier she was here only a moment ago; noch im 11. Jahrhundert... as late as the 11th century...; noch im 11. Jahrhundert benutzte man sie auch they were still in use in the 11th century3. begrenzten zeitlichen Rahmen ausdrückend: der Brief muss heute noch oder noch heute zur Post I etc. have to get this letter to the post office by the end of today; er starb noch an der Unfallstelle he died at the scene of the accident; noch bevor er etwas sagen konnte, ging sie hinaus she left before he could say anything4. (nicht mehr als): er hat nur noch 10 Dollar he’s only got 10 dollars left; es sind ( nur) noch 5 Kilometer bis zur Raststätte it’s (only) 5 more kilomet|res (Am. -ers) to the service station5. (ein weiteres Mal, zusätzlich) more; noch ( ein) mal once more, one more time, again; umg., nach Versprecher: let’s try that (one) again; das ist noch einmal gut gegangen that was close ( oder a close thing [Am. call]), umg. talk about lucky; noch dazu on top of that; dazu kommt noch, dass er trinkt not only that - he drinks too, auch and then he drinks on top of it (all); noch einer one more, another one; noch ein Stück another ( oder one more) piece; noch ein Bier, bitte! the same again, another beer, please; noch zwei Kaffee, bitte! two more coffees, please; auch das noch! that’s all I etc. needed; er hat Geld noch und noch oder nöcher umg. he’s got piles ( oder stacks) of money; es gab zu essen noch und noch oder nöcher umg. there was loads to eat; sie redet noch und noch she never stops talking; noch einmal so viel as much again; und noch etwas and another thing; noch etwas? anything else?; was wollen Sie noch? what more do you want?; ( und) was noch? umg. (and) what else?; wer kommt noch? who else is coming?; noch fünf Minuten five minutes to go; bittend: five more minutes, another five minutes; fehlen 1, 4, gerade II 2, 36. (möglicherweise): du kommst noch zu spät! you’ll be late if you’re not careful; er landet noch im Gefängnis umg. he’ll end up in prison if he’s not careful; sie wird ( schon) noch anrufen she’ll still call7. (zuvor, vorher): sie will erst noch duschen she just wants to have a shower first; ich mache das noch fertig I’ll just finish this8. (später): er wird noch kommen he will come; vielleicht kann man das noch ( ein) mal gebrauchen perhaps it can be used again sometime9. beim Komparativ einen höheren Grad ausdrückend: noch besser / mehr even better / more; noch schlauer als du even smarter than you; es klingt etc. nur noch verdächtiger even ( oder all the) more suspicious; schön I 610. einräumend: jede noch so kleine Spende zählt every donation counts however small it is; sei es noch so klein no matter how small it is, however small it may be; mag sie auch noch so sehr schimpfen oder wenn sie auch noch so sehr schimpft however ( oder no matter how) much she grumbles11. verstärkend: das ist noch Qualität that’s what I call quality; da bekommt man noch etwas für sein Geld at least there you get value for money (Am. auch something for your money); da haben wir ja noch Glück gehabt we were lucky there; der wird sich noch wundern he’s in for a surprise; noch im Fallen zog er die Pistole he drew the pistol before he hit the ground; man wird ( doch) noch fragen dürfen I etc. was only asking; das wirst du noch bereuen drohend: you’re going to regret that12. fragend: da kannst du noch lachen? how can you find that funny?; jetzt will er noch baden? he wants to go for a swim now?; nach Vergessenem: wie heißt sie noch? what’s ( oder what was) her name again?; was hattest du noch gesagt? what was it you said (again)?; wann war die Party noch ( mal)? umg. when was the party again?13. (weniger als): das kostet noch keine 5 Dollar it costs less than 5 dollars; es dauert noch keine 10 Minuten it won’t even take 10 minutes; er kann noch nicht einmal kochen he can’t even cookII Konj.: sie hat keine Bekannten, noch Freunde in der Stadt geh. she has no acquaintances or friends in the town; weder* * *nor (Konj.); even; yet; still* * *nọch [nɔx]1. advnoch nicht — still not, not yet
er ist noch nicht da — he still isn't here, he isn't here yet
immer noch, noch immer — still
sie ist immer noch nicht fertig — she still isn't ready (yet), she isn't ready yet
er dachte noch lange an sie — it was a long time before he stopped thinking of her
ich gehe kaum noch aus — I hardly go out any more
ich möchte gern[e] noch bleiben — I'd like to stay on longer
2) (= irgendwann) some time, one dayer wird sich ( schon) noch daran gewöhnen — he'll get used to it (some time or one day)
das kann noch passieren — that just might happen, that might still happen
3)(= eben, nicht später als)
das muss noch vor Dienstag fertig sein — it has to be ready by Tuesdayich tue das noch heute or heute noch — I'll do it today or this very day
noch im 18. Jahrhundert — as late as the 18th century
4) (einschränkend) (only) just5)(= außerdem, zusätzlich)
wer war noch da? — who else was there?(gibt es) noch etwas? — (is there) anything else?
ich will noch etwas sagen — there's something else or another thing I want to say
noch etwas Fleisch — some more meat, a bit more meat
noch zwei Bier — two more beers, another two beers
noch einmal or mal — (once) again, once more
und es regnete auch noch or noch dazu — and on top of that it was raining
dumm und noch dazu frech — stupid and impudent with it (inf)
6) (bei Vergleichen) even, still, yetdas ist noch besser — that's even better, that's better still or still better
das ist noch viel wichtiger als... — that is far more important yet or still than...
(und) seien sie auch noch so klein — however small they may or might be
und wenn du auch noch so bittest... — however much you ask...
7) (inf)wir fanden Fehler noch und nöcher (hum inf) — we found tons (inf) or loads (inf) of mistakes
sie hat noch und nöcher versucht,... — she tried again and again to...
2. conj(weder... noch...) nornicht X, noch Y, noch Z — not X nor Y nor Z
* * *1) (yet; still: My boots were dirty, but his were even dirtier.) even2) (even: He seemed very ill in the afternoon and in the evening looked still worse.) still3) (again: We'll play it once more.) more4) (up till now: He hasn't telephoned yet; Have you finished yet?; We're not yet ready.) yet5) (used for emphasis: He's made yet another mistake / yet more mistakes.) yet6) ((with a comparative adjective) even: a yet more terrible experience.) yet* * *[ˈnɔx]I. adv1. (außerdem, zusätzlich) in additionsie hat ein Auto und auch \noch ein Motorrad he has a car and a motorbike as well\noch ein Wort! [not] another word![sonst] \noch etwas? anything else?bitte \noch ein/zwei Bier! another beer/two more beers, please!möchten Sie \noch eine Tasse Kaffee? would you like another cup of coffee?bist du satt oder möchtest du \noch etwas essen? are you full or would you like something more to eat?mein Geld ist alle, hast du \noch etwas? I don't have any money left, do you have any?es fehlt mir \noch ein Euro I need another euroes dauert \noch zehn Minuten it'll be another ten minutes\noch einmal so lang as long againwer war \noch da? who else was there?hat er dir \noch etwas gesagt? did he tell you anything else?ich will \noch etwas sagen there's another thing I want to sayes war \noch anders it was different againdas ist nicht alles, diese Kisten kommen \noch dazu that's not everything, there are these crates tooich gebe dir \noch zwei dazu I'll give you two extraauch \noch [o \noch dazu]:er ist dumm und \noch dazu frech he's thick and cheeky into the bargainund es regnete auch \noch and on top of that it was raining▪ \noch eine(r, s) anotherhaben Sie \noch einen Wunsch? [can I get you] anything else?lass die Tür bitte auf, da kommt \noch einer leave the door open please, there's somebody else coming\noch [ein]mal [once] again, once moresie hat das \noch einmal/noch einige Male gemacht she did it again/several times morenur \noch onlyich habe nur \noch fünf Euro I've only five euros lefter ist \noch da he's still heresie schläft \noch she's still asleepich möchte gerne \noch bleiben I'd like to stay on longerbleib doch \noch ein bisschen! stay a bit longer!ein \noch ungelöstes Problem an as yet unsolved problemich rauche kaum \noch I hardly smoke any moredu bist \noch zu jung you're still too youngauch wenn es nicht leichtfällt, \noch müssen wir schweigen even though it might not be easy, we have to keep quiet for now\noch nach Jahren... even years later...sie dachte \noch lange an ihn it was a long time before she stopped thinking of him\noch heute [o heute \noch] still today, even now [or today]\noch heute gibt es Leute, die alte Bräuche pflegen even today some people maintain their old customs [or traditions3. (bis jetzt)\noch immer [nicht] still [not]sie hat [bis jetzt] \noch immer gewonnen she's won every time up until nowwir wissen \noch immer nicht mehr we still don't know anything elseer ist immer \noch nicht fertig he still isn't ready, he isn't ready yetsie ist immer \noch nicht da she's still not here\noch nicht not yet, still nothalt, warte, tu das \noch nicht! stop, wait, don't do it yet!bist du fertig? — \noch nicht are you ready? — not yet\noch regnet es nicht it hasn't started raining yet\noch nichts nothing yetzum Glück ist \noch nichts davon an die Öffentlichkeit gedrungen luckily, none of this has yet become public knowledgebisher habe ich \noch nichts Definitives erfahren I haven't heard anything more definite yet\noch nie [o niemals] neverich habe \noch nie Bagels gegessen I've never eaten bagels beforedas habe ich \noch nie gehört I've never known that [before]die Sonne schien und die Luft war klar wie \noch nie the sun was shining and the sky was clearer than ever before\noch niemand [o keiner] nobody yetsie wird \noch kommen she'll come [yet]du wirst ihn [schon] \noch kennen lernen you'll get to know him yetich will \noch schnell duschen I just want to have a quick showerich mache das jetzt \noch fertig I'll just get this finishedvielleicht kann man den Karton \noch mal brauchen, ich hebe ihn jedenfalls auf I'll hang on to the box, it might come in handy some timesie wird sich [schon] \noch daran gewöhnen she'll get used to it [some time [or one day]]das kann [schon] \noch passieren that just might happen, that might still happen5. (bis zu einem Zeitpunkt) by the end ofdas Projekt dürfte \noch in diesem Jahr abgeschlossen sein the project should be finished by the end of the yeardas muss \noch vor Dienstag/Monatsende passieren that's got to happen by Tuesday/by the end of the month\noch in diesen Tagen werden wir erfahren, was beschlossen wurde we will find out what was decided in the next few daysich habe das \noch am selben Abend/Tag gemacht I did it the very same evening/day\noch bevor [o ehe] even before\noch ehe er antworten konnte, legte sie auf even before he could reply she hung up\noch heute [o heute \noch] todayich mache das \noch heute [o heute \noch] I'll do it today [or this very daygestern habe ich sie \noch gesehen I saw her only yesterday\noch gestern habe ich davon nicht das Geringste gewusst even yesterday I didn't have the slightest idea of it\noch im 20. Jahrhundert... as late as the 20th century...es ist \noch keine Woche her, dass... it is less than a week ago that...ich habe Peter \noch vor zwei Tagen gesehen I saw Peter only two days agoer war gerade \noch hier he was here only a moment ago7. (drückt etw aus, das jetzt nicht mehr möglich ist)ich habe ihn \noch gekannt I'm old enough to have known him\noch als Junge wollte er Fälscher werden (veraltend) even as a boy he wanted to become a forger8. (womöglich) if you're/he's etc. not carefulwir kommen \noch zu spät we're going to be late [if we're not careful]du landest \noch im Gefängnis you'll land up in prison if you don't watch out9. (bei Vergleichen) even [more], still\noch größer/schneller even bigger/quicker, bigger/quicker stilldas ist \noch besser that's even better [or better still]sie will \noch mehr haben she wants even [or still] more\noch höhere Gebäude verträgt dieser Untergrund nicht this foundation can't support buildings that are higherseinen Vorschlag finde ich sogar \noch etwas besser I think his suggestion is even slightly better stillgeht bitte \noch etwas langsamer, wir kommen sonst nicht mit please walk a bit more slowly, we can't keep up otherwiseach, ich soll Ihnen die Leitung übergeben? das ist ja \noch schöner! (iron) oh, so you want me to hand over the management to you? that's even better!▪ ... \noch so however...er kommt damit nicht durch, mag er auch \noch so lügen he won't get away with it, however much he liesder Wein mag \noch so gut schmecken, er ist einfach zu teuer however good the wine may taste, it's simply too expensivedu kannst \noch so bitten,... you can beg as much as you like..., however much you plead...das ist im Vergleich \noch billig that's still cheap in comparisones ist immer \noch teuer genug it's still expensive enoughdas ist ja \noch mal gut gegangen it was just about all rightdas ist \noch zu tolerieren, aber auch nur gerade \noch that's just about tolerable but only justsie hat \noch Glück gehabt, es hätte viel schlimmer kommen können she was lucky, it could have been much worsewenn sie sich wenigstens \noch entschuldigt hätte if she had apologized at least12.▶ \noch und \noch [o nöcher] heaps, dozensich habe diese undankbare Frau \noch und \noch mit Geschenken überhäuft! I showered this ungrateful woman with heaps of giftser hat Geld \noch und nöcher he has oodles [and oodles] of moneyich kann dir Beispiele \noch und nöcher geben I can give you any number of examplessie hat \noch und nöcher versucht,... she tried again and again to...II. konj▪ weder... \noch neither... norer kann weder lesen \noch schreiben he can neither read nor writeweder er \noch Peter \noch Richard neither he nor Peter nor Richard▪ nicht... \noch neither... nornicht er \noch seine Frau haben eine Arbeit neither he nor his wife are in workIII. partdas ist \noch Qualität! that's what I call quality!das dauert \noch keine fünf Minuten it won't even take five minutes2. (drohend)die wird sich \noch wundern! she's in for a [bit of a] shock!das wirst du \noch bereuen! you'll regret it!hat der sie eigentlich \noch alle? is he round the twist or what?sag mal, was soll der Quatsch, bist du \noch normal? what is this nonsense, are you quite right in the head?4. (nach Vergessenem fragend)wie heißt/hieß er \noch gleich? what's/what was his name again?* * *1.ich sehe ihn kaum noch — I hardly ever see him any more
ich habe [nur] noch zehn Euro — I've [only] ten euros left
es fehlt [mir/dir usw.] noch ein Euro — I/you etc. need another euro
3) (bevor etwas anderes geschieht) justich mache das [jetzt/dann] noch fertig — I'll just get this finished
4) (irgendwann einmal) some time; one daydu wirst ihn [schon] noch kennen lernen — you'll get to know him yet
5) (womöglich) if you're/he's etc. not careful6) (drückt eine geringe zeitliche Distanz aus) onlysie war eben od. gerade noch hier — she was here only a moment ago
es ist noch keine Woche her, dass... — it was less than a week ago that...
noch am selben Abend — the [very] same evening
Er hat noch Glück gehabt. Es hätte weit schlimmer kommen können — He was lucky. It could have been much worse
das geht noch — that's [still] all right or (coll.) OK
das ist ja noch [ein]mal gut gegangen — (ugs.) it was just about all right
10) (außerdem, zusätzlich)er hat [auch/außerdem] noch ein Fahrrad — he has a bicycle as well
noch etwas Kaffee? — [would you like] some more coffee?
noch ein/zwei Bier, bitte! — another beer/two more beers, please!
ich habe das noch einmal/noch einige Male gemacht — I did it again/several times more
er ist frech und noch dazu dumm od. dumm dazu — he's cheeky and stupid with it
Geld/Kleider usw. noch und noch — heaps and heaps of money/clothes etc. (coll.)
er ist noch größer [als Karl] — he is even taller [than Karl]
er will noch mehr haben — he wants even or still more
das ist noch besser — that's even better or better still
12) (nach etwas Vergessenem fragend)2.wie heißt/hieß sie [doch] noch? — [now] what's/what was her name again?
3.der wird sich noch wundern — (ugs.) he's in for a surprise
Konjunktion (und auch nicht) norweder... noch — neither... nor
* * *A. adv1. still;noch immer still;noch nicht not yet;noch ist es nicht zu spät it’s not too late yet;noch nie never (before);noch am selben Tag that (very) same day;noch gestern only yesterday;heute noch (bis heute) to this day;noch jetzt even now;gerade noch hier she was here only a moment ago;noch im 11. Jahrhundert … as late as the 11th century …;noch im 11. Jahrhundert benutzte man sie auch they were still in use in the 11th centurynoch heute zur Post I etc have to get this letter to the post office by the end of today;er starb noch an der Unfallstelle he died at the scene of the accident;noch bevor er etwas sagen konnte, ging sie hinaus she left before he could say anything4. (nicht mehr als):er hat nur noch 10 Dollar he’s only got 10 dollars left;es sind (nur) noch 5 Kilometer bis zur Raststätte it’s (only) 5 more kilometres (US -ers) to the service station5. (ein weiteres Mal, zusätzlich) more;das ist noch einmal gut gegangen that was close ( oder a close thing [US call]), umg talk about lucky;noch dazu on top of that;dazu kommt noch, dass er trinkt not only that - he drinks too, auch and then he drinks on top of it (all);noch einer one more, another one;noch ein Stück another ( oder one more) piece;noch ein Bier, bitte! the same again, another beer, please;noch zwei Kaffee, bitte! two more coffees, please;auch das noch! that’s all I etc needed;nöcher umg there was loads to eat;sie redet noch und noch she never stops talking;noch einmal so viel as much again;und noch etwas and another thing;noch etwas? anything else?;was wollen Sie noch? what more do you want?;(und) was noch? umg (and) what else?;wer kommt noch? who else is coming?;noch fünf Minuten five minutes to go; bittend: five more minutes, another five minutes; → fehlen 1, 4, gerade B 2, 36. (möglicherweise):du kommst noch zu spät! you’ll be late if you’re not careful;er landet noch im Gefängnis umg he’ll end up in prison if he’s not careful;sie wird (schon) noch anrufen she’ll still call7. (zuvor, vorher):sie will erst noch duschen she just wants to have a shower first;ich mache das noch fertig I’ll just finish this8. (später):er wird noch kommen he will come;vielleicht kann man das noch (ein)mal gebrauchen perhaps it can be used again sometimenoch besser/mehr even better/more;noch schlauer als du even smarter than you;es klingt etc10. einräumend:jede noch so kleine Spende zählt every donation counts however small it is;sei es noch so klein no matter how small it is, however small it may be;wenn sie auch noch so sehr schimpft however ( oder no matter how) much she grumbles11. verstärkend:das ist noch Qualität that’s what I call quality;da bekommt man noch etwas für sein Geld at least there you get value for money (US auch something for your money);da haben wir ja noch Glück gehabt we were lucky there;der wird sich noch wundern he’s in for a surprise;noch im Fallen zog er die Pistole he drew the pistol before he hit the ground;man wird (doch) noch fragen dürfen I etc was only asking;das wirst du noch bereuen drohend: you’re going to regret that12. fragend:da kannst du noch lachen? how can you find that funny?;jetzt will er noch baden? he wants to go for a swim now?; nach Vergessenem:wie heißt sie noch? what’s ( oder what was) her name again?;was hattest du noch gesagt? what was it you said (again)?;wann war die Party noch (mal)? umg when was the party again?13. (weniger als):das kostet noch keine 5 Dollar it costs less than 5 dollars;es dauert noch keine 10 Minuten it won’t even take 10 minutes;er kann noch nicht einmal kochen he can’t even cookB. konj:sie hat keine Bekannten, noch Freunde in der Stadt geh she has no acquaintances or friends in the town; → weder* * *1.1) ([wie] bisher, derzeit) stillich habe [nur] noch zehn Euro — I've [only] ten euros left
es fehlt [mir/dir usw.] noch ein Euro — I/you etc. need another euro
3) (bevor etwas anderes geschieht) justich mache das [jetzt/dann] noch fertig — I'll just get this finished
4) (irgendwann einmal) some time; one daydu wirst ihn [schon] noch kennen lernen — you'll get to know him yet
5) (womöglich) if you're/he's etc. not carefulsie war eben od. gerade noch hier — she was here only a moment ago
es ist noch keine Woche her, dass... — it was less than a week ago that...
noch am selben Abend — the [very] same evening
8) (drückt aus, dass etwas unwiederholbar ist)9) (drückt aus, dass sich etwas im Rahmen hält)Er hat noch Glück gehabt. Es hätte weit schlimmer kommen können — He was lucky. It could have been much worse
das geht noch — that's [still] all right or (coll.) OK
das ist ja noch [ein]mal gut gegangen — (ugs.) it was just about all right
10) (außerdem, zusätzlich)er hat [auch/außerdem] noch ein Fahrrad — he has a bicycle as well
noch etwas Kaffee? — [would you like] some more coffee?
noch ein/zwei Bier, bitte! — another beer/two more beers, please!
ich habe das noch einmal/noch einige Male gemacht — I did it again/several times more
er ist frech und noch dazu dumm od. dumm dazu — he's cheeky and stupid with it
Geld/Kleider usw. noch und noch — heaps and heaps of money/clothes etc. (coll.)
er ist noch größer [als Karl] — he is even taller [than Karl]
er will noch mehr haben — he wants even or still more
das ist noch besser — that's even better or better still
12) (nach etwas Vergessenem fragend)2.wie heißt/hieß sie [doch] noch? — [now] what's/what was her name again?
3.der wird sich noch wundern — (ugs.) he's in for a surprise
Konjunktion (und auch nicht) norweder... noch — neither... nor
* * *adj.another adj.still adj. adv.nor adv. -
34 выдерживать график
1) Advertising: maintain schedule2) Quality control: maintain a schedule3) Makarov: maintain a schedule (работ, движения и т.п.), operate to schedule (работ, движения и т.п.), work to schedule (работ, движения и т.п.)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > выдерживать график
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35 control
1. n1) управление, руководство2) контроль, проверка; контролирование; надзор3) управление; регулирование; регулировка
- accounting control
- administrative control
- air traffic control
- arms control
- automatic control
- biological control
- birth control
- border control
- budgetary control
- central control
- check-in control
- complete control
- computer control
- constant control
- consumer credit control
- contamination control
- continuous control
- cost control
- credit control
- crop pest control
- currency control
- current control
- customs control
- cycle control
- day-to-day control
- depletion control
- direct control
- economic control
- effective control
- environmental control
- exchange control
- export control
- feedback control
- financial control
- fiscal control
- follow-up control
- foreign control
- foreign exchange control
- functional control
- government control
- humidity control
- import control
- inadequate control
- individual control
- inflation control
- information control
- insurance control
- internal control
- international control of liquidity
- internal administrative control
- interoperational control
- inventory control
- labour control
- lax control
- machine control
- managerial control
- mandatory control
- manual control
- manufacturing control
- market control
- marketing control
- material control
- material quality control
- maximum-minimum inventory control
- monetary control
- monetary base control
- monopoly control
- nongovernmental control
- numerical control
- on-site control
- operating control
- operational control
- order control
- ordering and stock control
- order intake control
- output control
- outside control
- overall control
- partial control
- passport control
- percentage control
- periodic control
- pest control
- pollution control
- population control
- price control
- process control
- product control
- production control
- product quality control
- product status control
- profitability control
- programme control
- progress control
- property control
- public control
- quality control
- quantity control
- regular control
- remote control
- rent control
- routine control
- running control
- selection control
- selective control
- selective credit control
- selective price control
- sequential control
- shipping control
- shop floor control
- shortage control
- social control
- special control
- spending control
- standard control
- standard cost control
- state control
- statistical control
- statutory control
- stock control
- stores control
- strict control
- stringent control
- supervisory control
- supplier control
- technical control
- tight control
- traffic control
- uniform control
- unit stock control
- vehicle exhaust control
- wage control
- wage-price control
- work control
- workers' control
- working control
- control of goods received
- control of investment
- control of materials and supplies inventories
- control over export and import
- control over prices
- under the control of
- assume control
- bring under control
- carry out control
- drop control
- effect control
- ensure effective control
- establish control
- exercise control
- exert control
- gain control of a company
- get beyond control
- get out of control
- have control
- impose control
- keep under control
- lift control
- lose control
- maintain control
- perform control
- place under control
- put under control
- relinquish control
- set up control
- strengthen control
- take out of control
- take under control2. v1) управлять, руководить2) контролировать, проверять3) регулировать, контролироватьEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > control
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36 5-S concept
Opsa technique that evolved in Japan to establish and maintain a quality culture environment within an organization. The 5-S concept has been associated with total productive maintenance and industrial housekeeping in both manufacturing and services. It is seen as being fundamental to quality and productivity. The 5-S’s relate to Japanese words that have been variously translated into English. The words are: Seiri, for sort; Seiton, for simplify or straighten; Seiso, for shine or sweep; Seiketsu, for standardize; and Shitsuke, for sustain or selfdiscipline. The application of these ideas can reduce waste, and increase efficiency, productivity, and quality. -
37 марка
I жен.
1) (postage-) stamp погасить почтовую марку ≈ to cancel/frank a postage stamp гербовая марка ≈ duty stamp
2) (клеймо) mark;
sign;
brand;
trademark( фабричная) ;
make, model фабричная марка
3) (сорт, качество) grade, sort;
brand перен. под маркой чего-л. ≈ under cover of держать марку ≈ to uphold/maintain one's reputation высшей марки ≈ of the highest quality;
of the best type (о человеке) II жен.
1) (денежная единица Германии) mark
2) (фишка) counter;
token;
chip (используемая в играх) III жен.;
ист. (древнегерманская сельская община) markмарк|а - ж.
1. (почтовая) (postage-) stamp;
2. (клеймо) mark;
brand;
3. (сорт, тип изделия, товара) make;
высшей ~и of the first water;
под ~ой чего-л. under the guise of smth. ;
держать ~у maintain one`s reputation (for) ;
торговая ~а trade mark. -
38 выдерживать
1) General subject: age (что-либо), bear, carry off (though frightened he carried it off very well - хотя он и испугался, но не показал вида), endure pass, get through (экзамен), hold, hold out, last (о здоровье, силе), mature (о вине, сыре и т.п.), observe, outride, outstay, persevere, ripe (сыр и т.п.), ripen (сыр и т.п.), season (лесной материал, вино и т. п.), stand, stand up, support, survive, weather (испытание и т. п.), get through, stand the gaff (что-л.), (нагрузки) sustain2) Biology: expose3) Naval: withstand5) Military: stick it out, sustain6) Engineering: carry, condition (напр. древесину), cool (радиоактивные отходы), cure, heat, incubate, mature (напр. бетон), pass, ripen, soak, weather (руду на рудном дворе)8) Railway term: stand (усилие или напряжение), stand against9) Australian slang: lump, sweat it out10) Automobile industry: hold (напряжение), resist, stand (усилия, напряжения)11) Metallurgy: maintain, soak (при определённой температуре), stand (напр. усилие, напряжение)12) Information technology: carry (нагрузку)13) Oil: soak (крекируемый нефтепродукт в реакционной камере), stand (напряжение)14) Leather: soak (в нагревательной печи для термообработки)15) Food industry: age (в определённых условиях), cure (бетон)16) Silicates: age (цементные материалы)17) Business: tolerate20) Polymers: keep21) Automation: stand (усилие, напряжение), withstand (неблагоприятные условия среды)22) Quality control: stand (напр. усилия), sustain (нагрузку)24) Makarov: abide, age (в течение какого-то времени), allow (раствор, смесь и т.п.), bear (боль, пытки и т.п.), bear (переносить), cool (радиоактивный материал), digest (для установления равновесия), endure (действие чего-либо), exposure (в течение какого-то времени), hold (металл в нагревательной печи), hold (радиоактивный материал), hold up, incubate (напр., при определённой т-ре), keep (в течение какого-то времени), last for (...) (работать в течение какого-то времени), live, maintain (переносить), maturate, pass (действие чего-либо), ripen (вино, сыр), soak (металл в нагревательной печи), stand (переносить), stand (раствор, смесь и т.п.), stand up to (действие чего-либо), store (радиоактивный материал), support (роль, характер), sustain (переносить), withstand (действие чего-либо), withstand (переносить), withstand (подвергаться действию давления, движения и т.п.), carry off -
39 admitir
v.1 to admit, to allow in.admitir a alguien en to admit somebody toRicardo admitió su participación Richard admitted his participation.El guarda admitió a los clientes The guard admitted=let in the customers.2 to admit.admito que estaba equivocado I admit I was wrong3 to accept.admitimos todas las tarjetas de crédito we accept all credit cards4 to allow, to permit.no admite ni un error he won't stand for a single mistake5 to hold (tener capacidad para).la sala admite doscientas personas the room holds o has room for two hundred people6 to admit to, to acknowledge to.Ricardo admitió saber esto Richard admitted to knowing this.7 to admit of, to allow of.Esto no admite explicación alguna This admits of no explanation.8 to tolerate, to bear.* * *1 (dar entrada) to admit, let in2 (aceptar) to accept, admit■ 'No se admiten propinas' "No tipping", "Tipping not allowed"■ 'No se admiten cheques' "No cheques accepted"3 (permitir) to allow4 (reconocer) to admit5 (tener capacidad) to hold* * *verb1) to admit2) acknowledge, concede3) allow, permit* * *VT1) (=dejar entrar) [en organización] to admit, accept; [en hospital] to admitel club no admite mujeres — the club does not admit o accept women members
2) (=aceptar) [+ opinión, regalo] to accept¿ha admitido la Academia esa palabra? — has the Academy accepted that word?
se admiten tarjetas de crédito — we take o accept credit cards
3) (=permitir) to allow, permit frmel contenido de plomo admitido en las gasolinas — the permitted lead content of petrol, the amount of lead allowed o permitted frm in petrol
mi presupuesto no admite grandes despilfarros — my budget won't run to o does not allow extravagances
•
esto no admite demora — this cannot be put off, this will brook no delay frm4) (=reconocer) [+ culpabilidad, error] to admit5) (=tener cabida para) to hold* * *verbo transitivo1)a) ( aceptar) to acceptse admiten tarjetas de crédito — we take o accept credit cards
b) ( permitir) to allowadmite varias interpretaciones — it allows of o admits of several different interpretations (frml)
2) (confesar, reconocer) to admit3) ( dar cabida a) local to holdel estadio admite 4.000 personas — the stadium holds 4,000 people
* * *= admit, concede, own, own up, intromit, intake.Ex. This theory would ensure that the basic framework of the scheme would appropriately admit every subject.Ex. Only an incurable pessimist would refuse to concede that the future will be longer than the past.Ex. 'I don't know what to say,' she owned and lapsed into silence.Ex. But let's not forget that he owned up for what he did and even gave all his betting money to charity.Ex. During copulation, hamster females maintain lordosis for hundreds of seconds, while the male mounts and intromits repeatedly.Ex. As a general rule of thumb, you want front and side fans to intake, rear and top to exhaust.----* admitir a Alguien en un grupo = adopt + Nombre + into the fold.* admitirlo = come out with + it.* admitir un número de reservas mayor a las plazas existentes = overbook.* no admitir discusión = be out of the question.* no tener reparos en admitir que = make + no bones about + Algo.* que no admite reserva = unreserved.* readmitir = re-admit [readmit].* triste de admitir = sad to relate.* * *verbo transitivo1)a) ( aceptar) to acceptse admiten tarjetas de crédito — we take o accept credit cards
b) ( permitir) to allowadmite varias interpretaciones — it allows of o admits of several different interpretations (frml)
2) (confesar, reconocer) to admit3) ( dar cabida a) local to holdel estadio admite 4.000 personas — the stadium holds 4,000 people
* * *= admit, concede, own, own up, intromit, intake.Ex: This theory would ensure that the basic framework of the scheme would appropriately admit every subject.
Ex: Only an incurable pessimist would refuse to concede that the future will be longer than the past.Ex: 'I don't know what to say,' she owned and lapsed into silence.Ex: But let's not forget that he owned up for what he did and even gave all his betting money to charity.Ex: During copulation, hamster females maintain lordosis for hundreds of seconds, while the male mounts and intromits repeatedly.Ex: As a general rule of thumb, you want front and side fans to intake, rear and top to exhaust.* admitir a Alguien en un grupo = adopt + Nombre + into the fold.* admitirlo = come out with + it.* admitir un número de reservas mayor a las plazas existentes = overbook.* no admitir discusión = be out of the question.* no tener reparos en admitir que = make + no bones about + Algo.* que no admite reserva = unreserved.* readmitir = re-admit [readmit].* triste de admitir = sad to relate.* * *admitir [I1 ]vtA1 (aceptar) ‹candidato› to accept; ‹comportamiento/excusa› to acceptno lo admitieron en el colegio he wasn't accepted by the schoolno fue admitido en el club he wasn't accepted for membership of the club, his application for membership of the club was rejectedel recurso fue admitido a trámite leave was granted for an appeal to a higher courtno pienso admitir que llegues a estas horas I will not have you coming home at this time[ S ] no se admiten propinas no gratuities accepted, no tipping allowed[ S ] se admiten tarjetas de crédito we take o accept credit cards[ S ] admite monedas de 1 euro accepts 1 euro coins2(dar cabida a): un discurso que admite varias interpretaciones a speech which may be interpreted in several different ways, a speech which allows of o admits of several different interpretations ( frml)la situación no admite paralelo con la del año pasado the present situation cannot be compared with the situation last yearlo que dijo no admite discusión there can be no arguing with what she saidel asunto no admite demora the matter must be dealt with immediatelyB (confesar, reconocer) to admitadmitió su culpabilidad she admitted her guiltadmito que me equivoqué I admit I was wrong o that I made a mistakeadmitió haberla visto he admitted having seen herC «local» to holdel estadio admite 4.000 personas the stadium holds 4,000 people o has a capacity of 4,000* * *
admitir ( conjugate admitir) verbo transitivo
1
( on signs) se admiten tarjetas de crédito we take o accept credit cards
2 ( dar cabida a) [ local] to hold
admitir verbo transitivo
1 to admit, let in
2 (dar por bueno) to accept: por favor, admite mis disculpas, please accept my apologies
3 (permitir) to allow: no se admiten mascotas, no pets allowed
4 (convenir, dar la razón) to admit, acknowledge: admito que hice una tontería, I admit I did a silly thing
' admitir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acoger
- conceder
- empacho
- recibir
- coger
- confesar
English:
accept
- acknowledge
- care
- exclude
- grant
- support
- take
- admit
- recognize
* * *admitir vt1. [dejar entrar] to admit, to allow in;admitir a alguien en to admit sb to;lo admitieron en la universidad he was accepted by the university;no se admiten perros [en letrero] no dogs;no se admite la entrada a menores de 18 años [en letrero] no admittance for under-18s2. [reconocer] to admit;admitió la derrota she admitted defeat;admito que estaba equivocado I admit I was wrong3. [aceptar] to accept;se admiten propinas [en letrero] gratuities at your discretion;admitimos tarjetas de crédito we accept all major credit cards;admitieron a trámite la solicitud they allowed the application to proceed4. [permitir, tolerar] to allow, to permit;no admite ni un error he won't stand for a single mistake;este texto no admite más retoques there can be no more changes to this text;es una situación que no admite comparación this situation cannot be compared to others;su hegemonía no admite dudas their dominance is unquestioned5. [tener capacidad para] to hold;este monovolumen admite siete pasajeros this people mover seats seven passengers;la sala admite doscientas personas the room holds o has room for two hundred people* * *v/t1 ( aceptar) accept;admitir en pago accept as payment2 ( reconocer) admit3 ( permitir):el poema admite varias interpretaciones the poem can be interpreted in different ways, the poem admits of various interpretations fml ;no admite duda there’s no doubt about it* * *admitir vt1) : to admit, to let in2) : to acknowledge, to concede3) : to allow, to make room forla ley no admite cambios: the law doesn't allow for changes* * *admitir vb1. (aceptar) to accept -
40 sostener2
2 = be + Posesivo + contention, contend, submit, uphold, underpin, hold, maintain.Ex. It is our contention that an understanding of such basic principles is fundamental to an appreciation of the many and varied contexts that the individual is likely to encounter.Ex. The author contends that it is possible to view the search conducted with the aid of a series of menus as having strong similarities with the search through the hierarchy of a enumerative classification scheme.Ex. I submit that no ordinary, right-minded library user who is looking for Western Behavioral Institute is going to look under LA JOLLA, California.Ex. It's about time that we go back to these principles and make sure that the quality of cataloging is upheld.Ex. This process is underpinned by a patient-based information system which is timely, accessible and credible to all participants.Ex. Some theorists hold that one stage must be completely worked through before the next stage can be entered.Ex. They maintain, in an article written for Library Resources and Technical Services (LRTS) 'that automated cataloging systems have addressed only half of the problems of maintaining a library catalog'.----* sostener la opinión = argue.* sostener una opinión = hold + view, hold + opinion.* sostener un punto de vista = assert + view, hold + point of view.
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