in+after+years

πολυετέω

grant long life: pres ind mp 2nd sg (attic epic doric ionic)

πολυετέω

grant long life: pres ind act 3rd sg (attic epic doric ionic)

πολυετής

after many years: masc /fem /neut nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)

πολυετής

after many years: masc /fem /neut dat sg

πολυετέω

grant long life: pres ind mp 2nd sg (attic epic doric ionic)

πολυετέω

grant long life: pres ind act 3rd sg (attic epic doric ionic)

πολυετής

after many years: masc /fem /neut nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)

πολυετής

after many years: masc /fem /neut dat sg

πολυετέω

grant long life: pres ind act 2nd sg (attic epic doric ionic)

πολυετής

after many years: masc /fem acc pl

πολυετής

after many years: masc /fem nom /voc pl (attic epic)

πολυετέω

grant long life: pres ind act 2nd sg (attic epic doric ionic)

πολυετής

after many years: masc /fem acc pl

πολυετής

after many years: masc /fem nom /voc pl (attic epic)

πολυετής

after many years: fem gen comp pl

πολυετής

after many years: masc /neut gen comp pl

πολυετής

after many years: masc /fem voc sg

πολυετής

after many years: neut nom /voc /acc sg

διά, poet. [full] διαί ([dialect] Aeol. [full] ζά, q.v.), Prep. governing gen. and acc.— Rad. sense,

A through; never anastroph. [Prop. δῐᾰ: but Hom. uses [pron. full] ῑ at the beginning of a line, Il.3.357, 4.135, al.: also ᾱ, metri gr., freq. in Hom., for which A. uses [full] διαί in lyr., Ag. 448, al.]

A WITH GEN.

I of Place or Space:

1 of motion in a line, from one end to the other, right through, in Hom. freq. of the effect of weapons,

διὰ μὲν ἀσπίδος ἦλθε.. ἔγχος καὶ διὰ θώρηκος.. Il. 3.357

;

δουρὶ βάλεν Δάμασον κυνέης διά 12.183

;

δι' ὤμου.. ἔγχος ἦλθεν 4.481

; in Prose,

τιτρώσκειν διὰ τοῦ θώρακος X.An.1.8.26

; διὰ τοῦ ὀρόφου ἐφαίνετο πῦρ ib.7.4.16: also of persons, διὰ Σκαιῶν πεδίονδ' ἔχον ὠκέας ἵππους out through the Scaean gate, Il.3.263; δι' ἠέρος αἰθέρ' ἵκανεν quite through the lower air even to the ether, Il.14.288, cf. 2.458; διὰ Τρώων πέτετο straight through them, 13.755;

δι' ὄμματος.. λείβων δάκρυον S.OC 1250

, etc.: also in Compos. with πρό and ἐκ, v. διαπρό, διέκ: in adverbial phrases, διὰ πασῶν (sc. χορδῶν), v. διαπασῶν:

διὰ πάσης

throughout,

Th.1.14

;

διὰ κενῆς

idly,

Id.4.126

, etc. (cf.111.1.c).

2 of motion through a space, but not in a line, throughout, ouer,

ἑπόμεσθα διὰ πεδίοιο Il.11.754

;

δι' ὄρεσφι 10.185

, al.; ὀδύνη διὰ χροὸς ἦλθε through all his frame, 11.398;

τεῦχε βοὴν διὰ ἄστεος Od.10.118

;

δι' ὁμίλου Il.6.226

, etc.;

θορύβου διὰ τῶν τάξεων ἰόντος X.An.1.8.16

, cf. 2.4.26, etc.; later, in quoting an authority,

ἱστορεῖ δ. τῆς δευτέρας

in the course of..,

Ath.10.438b

.

3 in the midst of, Il.9.468;

κεῖτο τανυσσάμενος δ. μήλων Od.9.298

; between,

δ. τῶν πλευρέων ταμόντα Hp.Morb.2.61

: hence, of pre-eminence,

ἔπρεπε καὶ δ. πάντων Il.12.104

;

τετίμακε δι' ἀνθρώπων Pi.I.4(3).37

;

εὐδοκιμέοντι δ. πάντων Hdt.6.63

, cf. 1.25, etc.

4 in Prose, sts. of extension, along,

παρήκει δ. τῆσδε τῆς θαλάσσης ἡ ἀκτή Id.4.39

(but πέταται δ. θαλάσσας across the sea, Pi.N.6.48);

λόφος, δι' οὗ τὸ σταύρωμα περιεβέβληντο X.HG7.4.22

.

5 in Prose, of Intervals of Space, δ. τριήκοντα δόμων at intervals of thirty layers, i. e. after every thirtieth layer, Hdt.1.179; δ. δέκα ἐπάλξεων at every tenth battlement, Th.3.21; cf. infr. 11.3: of a single interval, δ. πέντε σταδίων at a distance of five stades, Hdt.7.30, cf. 198; δ. τοσούτου μᾶλλον ἢ δ. πολλῶν ἡμερῶν ὁδοῦ at so short a distance, etc., Th.2.29; δ. πολλοῦ at a great distance apart, Id.3.94;

δ. πλείστου Id.2.97

;

δι' ἐλάσσονος Id.3.51

;

ὕδατα δ. μακροῦ ἀλόμενα Hp.

Aër.9, etc.

II of Time,

1 of duration from one end of a period to the other, throughout, δ. παντὸς [τοῦ χρόνου] Hdt.9.13;

δι' ὅλου τοῦ αἰῶνος Th.1.70

;

δι' αἰῶνος S.El. 1024

;

δι' ἡμέρας ὅλης Ar. Pax 27

;

δι' ὅλης τῆς νυκτός X.An.4.2.4

, etc.: without an Adj., δι' ἡμέρης all day long, Hdt.1.97;

δ. νυκτός Th.2.4

, X.An.4.6.22 (but δ. νυκτός in the course of the night, by night, Act.Ap.5.19, PRyl.138.15 (i A. D.), etc.);

δ. νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας Pl.R. 343b

; δι' ἐνιαυτοῦ, δι' ἔτους, Ar.Fr.569.8, V. 1058;

δ. βίου Pl.Smp. 183e

, etc.;

δ. τέλους

from beginning to end,

A.Pr. 275

, Pl.R. 519c, etc.: with Adjs. alone,

δ. παντός

continually,

A.Ch. 862

(lyr.), etc.; δι' ὀλίγου for a short time, Th.1.77;

δ. μακροῦ E.Hec. 320

;

ὁ δ. μέσου χρόνος Hdt. 8.27

.

2 of the interval which has passed between two points of Time, δ. χρόνου πολλοῦ or δ. πολλοῦ χρ. after a long time, Id.3.27, Ar.Pl. 1045;

δ. μακρῶν χρόνων Pl.Ti. 22d

: without an Adj., δ. χρόνου after a time, S.Ph. 758, X.Cyr.1.4.28, etc.; δι' ἡμερῶν after several days, Ev.Marc.2.1; and with Adjs. alone,

δι' ὀλίγου Th.5.14

;

οὐ δ. μακροῦ Id.6.15

,91;

δ. πολλοῦ Luc.Nigr.2

, etc.: with Numerals,

δι' ἐτέων εἴκοσι Hdt.6.118

, cf. OGI56.38 (iii B. C.), etc.: but δ. τῆς ἑβδόμης till the seventh day, Luc.Hist.Conscr.21: also distributively, χρόνος δ. χρόνου προὔβαινε time after time, S.Ph. 285;

ἄλλος δι' ἄλλου E.Andr. 1248

.

3 of successive Intervals, δ. τρίτης ἡμέρης every other day, Hdt.2.37; δ. τρίτου ἔτεος ib.4, etc.; δ. πεντετηρίδος every four years (with inclusive reckoning), Id.3.97; δι' ἔτους πέμπτου, of the Olympic games, Ar.Pl. 584 (but δι' ἑνδεκάτου ἔτεος in the course of the eleventh year, Hdt.1.62).

III causal, through, by,

a of the Agent, δι' ἀλλέλων or -ου ἐπικηρυκεύεσθαι, ποιεῖσθαι, by the mouth of.., Id.1.69,6.4, cf. 1.113;

δι' ἑρμηνέως λέγειν X.An.2.3.17

, etc.;

τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ Κυρίου δ. τοῦ προφήτου Ev.Matt.1.22

;

δι' ἑκόντων ἀλλ' οὐ δ. βίας ποιεῖσθαι Pl.Phlb. 58b

; πεσόντ' ἀλλοτρίας διαὶ γυναικός by her doing, A.Ag. 448 (lyr.);

ἐκ θεῶν γεγονὼς δ. βασιλέων πεφυκώς X.Cyr.7.2.24

; δι' ἑαυτοῦ ποιεῖν τι of oneself, not by another's agency, ib.1.1.4, etc.; but also, by oneself alone, unassisted, D.15.14, cf. 22.38.

b of the Instrument or Means, δ. χειρῶν by hand (prop. by holding between the hands),

δι' ὁσίων χ. θιγών S. OC 470

; also δ. χερῶν λαβεῖν, δ. χειρὸς ἔχειν in the hand, Id.Ant. 916, 1258 (but τὰ τῶν ξυμμάχων δ. χειρὸς ἔχειν to keep a firm hand on, Th.2.13);

δ. στέρνων ἔχειν S.Ant. 639

;

ἡ ἀκούουσα πηγὴ δι' ὤτων Id.OT 1387

;

δ. στόματος ἔχειν X.Cyr.1.4.25

;

δ. μνήμης ἔχειν Luc.Cat.9

;

αἱ δ. τοῦ σώματος ἡδοναί X.Mem.1.5.6

; δ. λόγων συγγίγνεσθαι to hold intercourse by word, Pl.Plt. 272b;

δ. λόγου ἀπαγγέλλειν Act.Ap.15.27

;

δι' ἐπιστολῶν 2 Ep.Cor.10.9

, POxy. 1070.15 (iii A. D.).

c of Manner (where διά with its Noun freq. serves as an Adv.),

δ. μέθης ποιήσασθαι τὴν συνουσίαν Pl.Smp. 176e

; παίω δι' ὀργῆς through passion, in passion, S.OT 807; δ. τάχους, = ταχέως, Id.Aj. 822, Th.1.63 (but δ. ταχέων ib.80, al.); δ. σπουδῆς in haste, hastily, E.Ba. 212; δι' αἰδοῦς with reverence, respectfully, ib. 441; δ. ψευδῶν ἔπη lying words, Id.Hel. 309; αἱ δ. καρτερίας ἐπιμέλειαι long-continued exertions, X.Mem.2.1.20; δι' ἀκριβείας, δ. πάσης ἀκρ., Pl.Ti. 23d, Lg. 876c;

δ. σιγῆς Id.Grg. 450c

;

δ. ξυμφορῶν ἡ ξύμβασις ἐγένετο Th.6.10

;

οὐ δι' αἰνιγμάτων, ἀλλ' ἐναργῶς γέγραπται Aeschin.3.121

;

δι' αἵματος, οὐ δ. μέλανος τοὺς νόμους ὁ Δράκων ἔγραψεν Plu.Sol.17

: also with Adjs., δ. βραχέων, δ. μακρῶν τοὺς λόγους ποιεῖσθαι, Isoc.14.3, Pl.Grg. 449b; ἀποκρίνεσθαι δ. βραχυτάτων ibid. d; cf. infr. IV.

2 in later Prose, of Material out of which a thing is made,

κατασκευάζειν εἴδωλα δι' ἐλέφαντος καὶ χρυσοῦ D.S.17.115

;

θυσίαι δι' ἀλφίτου καὶ σπονδῆς πεποιημέναι Plu.Num.8

;

βρώματα δ. μέλιτος καὶ γάλακτος γιγνόμενα Ath.14.646e

;

οἶνος δ. βουνίου Dsc. 5.46

.

IV διά τινος ἔχειν, εἶναι, γίγνεσθαι, to express conditions or states, ἀγὼν διὰ πάσης ἀγωνίης ἔχων extending through every kind of contest, Hdt.2.91;

δι' ἡσυχίης εἶναι Id.1.206

; δι' ὄχλου εἶναι to be troublesome, Ar.Ec. 888;

δ. φόβου εἶναι Th.6.59

;

δι' ἀπεχθείας γίγνεσθαι X.Hier.9.2

; ἡ ἐπιμέλεια δ. χάριτος γίγνεται ibid.;

δ. μιᾶς γνώμης γίγνεσθαι Isoc.4.138

.

b with Verbs of motion, δ. μάχης ἐλεύσονται will engage in battle, Hdt.6.9;

ἐλθεῖν Th.4.92

; δ. παντὸς πολέμου, δ. φιλίας ἰέναι τινί, X.An.3.2.8; δ. δίκης ἰέναι τινί go to law with.., S.Ant. 742, cf. Th.6.60;

δ. τύχης ἰέναι S.OT 773

;

δι' ὀργῆς ἥκειν Id.OC 905

; ἐμαυτῷ δ. λόγων ἀφικόμην I held converse with myself, E.Med. 872; δ. λόγων, δ. γλώσσης ἰέναι come to open speech, Id.Tr. 916, Supp. 112; δ. φιλημάτων ἰέναι come to kissing, Id.Andr. 416;

δ. δικαιοσύνης ἰέναι καὶ σωφροσύνης Pl.Prt. 323a

, etc.; δ. πυρὸς ἰέναι (v. πῦρ): in pass. sense, δι' ἀπεχθείας ἐλθεῖν τινι to be hated by.., A.Pr. 121 (anap.).

c with trans. Verbs, δι' αἰτίας ἔχειν or ἄγειν τινά hold in fault, Th.2.60, Ael.VH9.32;

δι' ὀργῆς ἔχειν τινά Th.2.37

, etc.;

δ. φυλακῆς ἔχειν τι Id.7.8

; δι' οἴκτου ἔχειν τινά, δι' αἰσχύνης ἔχειν τι, E.Hec. 851, IT 683;

δ. πένθους τὸ γῆρας διάγειν X.Cyr.4.6.6

;

δι' οὐδενὸς ποιεῖσθαί τι S.OC 584

.

B WITH Acc.

I of Place, only Poet., in same sense as διά c. gen.:

1 through,

ἓξ δὲ δ. πτύχας ἦλθε.. χαλκός Il.7.247

;

ἤϊξε δ. δρυμὰ.. καὶ ὕλην 11.118

, cf. 23.122, etc.; δ. τάφρον ἐλαύνειν across it, 12.62;

δ. δώματα ποιπνύοντα 1.600

;

ἐπὶ χθόνα καὶ δ. πόντον βέβακεν Pi.I.4(3).41

;

φεύγειν δ. κῦμ' ἅλιον A.Supp.14

(anap.).

2 through, among, in,

οἴκεον δι' ἄκριας Od.9.400

;

ἄραβος δὲ δ. στόμα γίγνετ' ὀδόντων Il.10.375

(but μῦθον, ὃν.. δ. στόμα.. ἄγοιτο through his mouth, 14.91; so

δ. στόμα ὄσσαν ἱεῖσαι Hes.Th.65

;

ἀεὶ γὰρ ἡ γυνή σ' ἔχει δ. στόμα Ar.Lys. 855

);

δ. κρατερὰς ὑσμίνας Hes.Th. 631

;

νόμοι δι' αἰθέρα τεκνωθέντες S.OT 867

(lyr.).

II of Time, also Poet.,

δ. νύκτα Il.2.57

, etc.; δ. γλυκὺν ὕπνον during sweet sleep, Mosch.4.91.

III causal:

1 of persons, thanks to, by aid of,

νικῆσαι δ... Ἀθήνην Od.8.520

, cf. 13.121;

δ. δμῳὰς.. εἷλον 19.154

; δ. σε by thy fault or service, S.OC 1129, Ar.Pl. 145, cf. 160, 170: in Prose, by reason of, on account of,

δ' ἡμᾶς Th.1.41

, cf. X.An.7.6.33, D.18.249;

οὐ δι' ἐμαυτόν And.1.144

; so εἰ μὴ διά τινα if it had not been for..,

εἰ μὴ δι' ἄνδρας ἀγαθούς Lys.12.60

;

Μιλτιάδην εἰς τὸ βάραθρον ἐμβαλεῖν ἐψηφίσαντο, καὶ εἰ μὴ δ. τὸν πρύτανιν ἐνέπεσεν ἄν Pl.Grg. 516e

, cf. D.19.74;

εἰ μὴ δ. τὴν ἐκείνου μέλλησιν Th.2.18

, cf. Ar.V. 558;

πλέον' ἔλπομαι λόγον Ὀδυσσέος ἢ πάθαν γενέσθαι δι' Ὅμηρον Pi.N.7.21

.

2 of things, to express the Cause, Occasion, or Purpose, δι' ἐμὴν ἰότητα because of my will, Il.15.41;

Διὸς μεγάλου δ. βουλάς Od.8.82

; δι' ἀφραδίας for, through want of thought, 19.523;

δι' ἀτασθαλίας 23.67

; δι' ἔνδειαν by reason of poverty, X. An.7.8.6; δ. καῦμα, δ. χειμῶνα, ib.1.7.6;

δι' ἄγνοιαν καὶ ἀμαθίαν Pl. Prt. 360b

, etc.: freq. also with neut. Adjs., δ. τί; wherefore?; δ. τοῦτο, δ. ταῦτα on this account; δι' ὅ, δι' ἅ on which account; δ. πολλά for many reasons, etc.

3 = ἕνεκα, to express Purpose, δἰ ἀχθηδόνα for the sake of vexing, Th.4.40, cf. 5.53; δ. τὴν τούτου σαφήνειαν with a view to clearing this up, Pl.R. 524c, cf. Arist.EN 1172b21; αὐτή δι' αὑτήν for its own sake, Pl.R. 367b, etc.

C WITHOUT CASE as Adv. throughout, δ. πρό (v. supr. A.I.I);

δ. δ' ἀμπερές Il.11.377

.

D IN COMPOS.:

I through, right through, of Space, διαβαίνω, διέχω, διιππεύω.

II in different directions, as in διαπέμπω, διαφορέω; of separation, asunder, διαιρέω, διαλύω; of difference or disagreement, at variance, διαφωνέω, διαφέρω; or simply mutual relation, one with another, διαγωνίζομαι, διάδω, διαθέω, διαπίνω, διαφιλοτιμέομαι.

III pre-eminence, διαπρέπω, διαφέρω.

IV completion, to the end, utterly, διεργάζομαι, διαμάχομαι, διαπράττω, διαφθείρω: of Time, διαβιόω.

V to add strength, thoroughly, out and out, διαγαληνίζω, etc.; cf. ζά.

VI of mixture, between, partly, esp. in Adj., as διάλευκος, διάχρυσος, διάχλωρος, etc.

VII of leaving an interval or breach, διαλείπω, διαναπαύω. (Cogn. with δύο, δίς.)

κατά [(A)][ κᾰτᾰ], poet. καταί acc. to A.D.Synt.309.28, found in Compds., as καταιβάτης: Prep. with gen. or acc.:—

A downwards.

A WITH GEN.,

I denoting motion from above, down from, βῆ δὲ κατ' Οὐλύμποιο καρήνων, κατ' Ἰδαίων ὀρέων, βαλέειν κ. πέτρης, Il. 22.187, 16.677, Od.14.399;

κατ' οὐρανοῦ εἰλήλουθας Il.6.128

; καθ' ἵππων ἀΐξαντε ib. 232;

δάκρυα.. κ. βλεφάρων Χαμάδις ῥέε 17.438

;

ἵεις σαυτὸν κ. τοῦ τείχους Ar.V. 355

;

ἁλόμενοι κ. τῆς πέτρας X.An.4.2.17

;

κ. τῶν πετρῶν ὦσαι Pl.Phdr. 229c

;

κ. κρημνῶν ῥιφέντες Id.Lg. 944a

:— for κατ' ἄκρης v. ἄκρα:

Μοῖσα κ. στόματος Χέε νέκταρ Theoc.7.82

(but perh. in sense 11.1).

II denoting downward motion,

1 down upon or over,

κ. Χθονὸς ὄμματα πήξας Il.3.217

; of the dying, κατὰ.. ὀφθαλμῶν κέχυτ' ἀχλύς a cloud settled upon the eyes, 5.696, cf. 20.321;

τὸν δὲ κατ' ὀφθαλμῶν.. νὺξ ἐκάλυψεν 13.580

; φᾶρος κὰκ κεφαλῆς εἴρυσσε down over.., Od.8.85; [ κόπρος]

κ. σπείους κέχυτο.. πολλή 9.330

; ὕδωρ κ. Χειρός, v. Χείρ; μύρον κ. τῆς κεφαλῆς καταχέαντες Pl.R. 398a;

νάρκη μου κ. τῆς Χειρὸς καταχεῖται Ar.V. 713

;

κ. τῆς τραπέζης καταπάσας τέφραν Id.Nu. 177

; ξαίνειν κ. τοῦ νώτου πολλὰς [ πληγάς] D.19.197;

ἐσκεδασμένοι κ. τῆς Χώρας Plb.1.17.10

;

οἱ κ. νώτου πονοῦντες Id.3.19.7

;

ῥόπαλον ἤλασα κὰκ κεφαλῆς Theoc.25.256

; κ. κόρρης παίειν, = ἐπὶ κόρρης, Luc.Cat.12, al.

b Geom., along, upon, πίπτειν κατ' [ εὐθείας] Archim.Sph.Cyl.1 Def.2; αἱ γωνίαι κ. κύκλων περιφερειῶν ἐνεχθήσονται will move on.., ib.1.23, al., cf. Aristarch.Sam.1.

2 down into,

νέκταρ στάξε κ. ῥινῶν Il.19.39

; of a dart,

κ. γαίης ᾤχετο 13.504

, etc.;

ἔθηκε κατ' ὄχθης μείλινον ἔγχος 21.172

;

ψυχὴ κ. Χθονὸς ᾤχετο 23.100

; κ. γᾶς underground, Pi.O.2.59; κατ' ὕδατος under water, Hdt.2.149; [ ποταμὸς]

δὺς κ. τῆς γῆς Pl.Phd.

113c, cf. Ti. 25d;

κ. γῆς σύμεναι A.Eu. 1007

(anap.); κ. Χθονὸς κρύψαι to bury. S.Ant.24; ὁ κ. γῆς one dead and buried, X.Cyr.4.6.5;

οἱ κ. Χθονὸς θεοί A.Pers. 689

, etc.;

θεοὶ<οἱ> κ. γᾶς Id.Ch. 475

(lyr.), etc.; so κ. θαλάσσης ἀφανίζεσθαι, καταδεδυκέναι, Hdt.7.6, 235; also βᾶτε κατ' ἀντιθύρων go down by or through.., S.El. 1433.

3 later, towards a point, τοξεύειν κ. σκοποῦ to shoot at, Hdn.6.7.8;

κατ' ἰχνῶν τινος ὁδεύειν Luc.Rh.Pr.9

.

4 of vows or oaths, by,

καθ' ἡμῶν ὀμνύναι D.29.26

, cf. 54.38;

ἐπιορκήσασα κ. τῶν παίδων Lys.32.13

; esp. of the victims, etc., over which the oath is taken, ὀμνυόντων τὸν ἐπιχώριον ὅρκον καθ' ἱερῶν τελείων Foed. ap. Th.5.47, cf. Arist.Ath.29.5, Foed.Delph.Pell.1A9, etc.;

κ. τῶν νικητηρίων εὐξάμενοι D.Ep.1.16

; also κατ' ἐξωλείας ὀμνύναι to imprecate destruction on oneself, Id.21.119;

κατ' ἐξ. ἐπιορκεῖν Id.57.22

.

b to make a vow towards, i.e. make a vow of offering..,

κ. Χιλίων εὐχὴν ποιήσασθαι Χιμάρων Ar. Eq. 660

.

5 in hostile sense, against, A.Ch. 221, S.Aj. 304, etc.;

κ. πάντων φύεσθαι D.18.19

; esp. of judges giving sentence against a person, A.Th. 198, S.Aj. 449, etc.;

ψεύδεσθαι κατά τινος Lys.22.7

;

λέγειν κατά τινος κακά S.Ph.65

, cf. X.HG1.5.2, etc.; of speeches, [ λόγος] κ. Μειδίου, etc. (opp. πρὸς Λεπτίνην, in reply to L.);

δῶρα εἰληφέναι κατά τινος Din.3.6

, cf. 18.

6 of Time, for,

μισθοῦν κ. εἴκοσι ἐτῶν IG12.94.37

; κ. βίου for life, Tab.Heracl.1.50;

κὰπ παντὸς Χρόνοι IG9(2).517.20

([place name] Larissa ) (but

κ. παντὸς τοῦ Χρόνου σκέψασθε D. 22.72

falls under 7);

κ. παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος ἀείμνηστον Lycurg.7

.

7 in respect of, concerning,

μὴ κατ' ἀνθρώπων σκόπει μόνον τοῦτο Pl. Phd. 70d

;

κ. τῶν ἄλλων τεχνῶν τοιαῦτα εὑρήσομεν Id.Sph. 253b

; οἱ κ. Δημοσθένους ἔπαινοι praises bestowed on D., Aeschin.3.50; ἐρεῖν or λέγειν κατά τινος to say of one, Pl.Ap. 37b, Prt. 323b, etc.;

εἰ κ. θηλείας φαίης A.D.Synt.198.10

;

εἴπερ ἕν γέ τι ζητεῖς κ. πάντων Pl.Men. 73d

, cf. 74b;

ὅπερ εἴρηται καθόλου κ. πασῶν τῶν πολιτειῶν Arist.Pol. 1307b2

; freq. in the Logic of Arist., κατά τινος λέγεσθαι or κατηγορεῖσθαι to be predicated of.., Int.16b10, Cat. 1b10, etc.; καταφῆσαί (or ἀποφῆσαί) τι κατά τινος to affirm (or deny) of.., Metaph. 1007b21; so

κ. τινὸς ὑπάρχειν Int. 16b13

: and in Adv. καθόλου (q.v.).

B WITH Acc.,

I of motion downwards, κ. ῥόον down stream, Od.14.254, Il.12.33; opp. ἀνὰ τὸν ποταμόν, Hdt.2.96; κ. τὸν ποταμόν, κ. τὸ ὑδάτιον, Id.1.194, Pl.Phdr. 229a; κατ' οὖρον ἰέναι, ῥεῖν, down (i.e. with) the wind, A.Th. 690, S.Tr. 468; κ. πνεῦμα, κατ' ἄνεμον ἵστασθαι to leeward, Arist.HA 535a19, 560b13, Dsc.4.153.

2 with or without signf. of motion, on, over, throughout a space, freq. in Hom.,

καθ' Ἑλλάδα καὶ μέσον Ἄργος Od.1.344

; κατ' Ἀχαΐδα, κ. Τροίην, Il.11.770, 9.329;

κατ' ἠερόεντα κέλευθα Od.20.64

; κ. πόντον, κῦμα, ὕλην, Il.4.276, 6.136, 3.151;

κ. πτόλιν Od.2.383

; κ. ἄστυ, οἶκον, Il.18.286, 6.56; κ. ὅμιλον, στρατόν, 3.36, 1.229; κ. κλισίας τε νέας τε ib. 487;

πόλεμον κάτα δακρυόεντα 17.512

; κ. ὑσμίνην, μόθον, κλόνον, 5.84, 18.159, 16.331;

τὸ ὕδωρ κ. τοὺς ταφροὺς ἐχώρει X.Cyr.7.5.16

, etc. (in later Gr.of motion to a place,

κ. τὴν Ἰταλίαν Zos.3.1

);

καθ' Ἑλλάδα A.Ag. 578

;

κ. πτόλιν Id.Th.6

;

αἱ σκηναὶ αἱ κ. τὴν ἀγοράν D.18.169

;

τὰ κατ' ἀγροὺς Διονύσια Aeschin.1.157

, etc.;

κ. τὸ προάστιον Hdt.3.54

;

τύμβον κατ' αὐτόν A. Th. 528

, cf. Supp. 869 (lyr.): Geom., at a point, Euc.1.1,al.; τέμνειν [ σφαῖραν] κ. κύκλον in a circle, Archim.Aren.1.17; also, in the region of,

οἱ κ. τὸν ἥλιον γινόμενοι ἀστέρες Gem.12.7

: freq. in Hom. in describing the place of a wound, βαλεῖν κ. στῆθος, γαστέρα, etc., Il.11.108, 16.465, al.;

νύξε κ. δεξιὸν ὦμον 5.46

;

οὔτασε κατ' ἰσχίον 11.339

; so βαλεῖν κατ' ἀσπίδα, κ. ζωστῆρα, 5.537, 615; βέλος κ. καίριον ἦλθεν struck upon a vital part, v.l. in 11.439: metaph.,

ἄχος κ. φρένα τύψε 19.125

: generally, κ. φρένα καὶ κατὰ θυμόν in heart and soul, 4.163, al.

3 opposite, over against,

κ. Σινώπην πόλιν Hdt.1.76

, cf. 2.148, Th.2.30, etc.;

ἀνὴρ κατ' ἄνδρα A.Th. 505

;

μολὼν.. μοι κ. στόμα Id.Ch. 573

;

κατ' ὀφθαλμούς τινος LXX 2 Ki.12.11

;

οἱ μὲν Ἀθηναῖοι κ. Λακεδαιμονίους ἐγένοντο X.HG4.2.18

; κατ' Ἀχαιοὺς ἀντετάχθησαν ibid.;

ἐν συμποσίῳ.., περίμενε, μέχρις ἂν γένηται κατὰ σέ Epict.Ench. 15

, cf. D.L.7.108.

II distributively, of a whole divided into parts, κρῖν' ἄνδρας κ. φῦλα, κ. φρήτρας by tribes, by clans, Il.2.362; κ. σφέας μαχέονται by themselves, separately, ib. 366, cf. Th.4.64;

ἐσκήνουν κ. τάξεις X.Cyr.2.1.25

;

αὐτὴ καθ' αὑτήν A.Pr. 1013

; κ. κώμας κατοικημένοι in separate villages, Hdt.1.96; κατ' ἑωυτοὺς ἕκαστοι ἐτράποντο each to his own home, Id.5.15; κ. πόλεις ἀποπλεῦσαι, διαλυθῆναι, Th.1.89, 3.1:

στρατιὰ κ. ἕνδεκα μέρη κεκοσμημένη Pl.Phdr. 247a

; later

οἱ κατ' ἄνδρα λόγοι PLond.2.259.72

(i A. D.), cf. D.Chr.32.6, etc.;

ἡ κατ' οἰκίαν ἀπογραφή PLond.3.904.20

(ii A.D.), etc.; κατ' ἔπος word by word, Ar.Ra. 802; κατ' ὄνομα individually, 3 Ep.Jo.15, etc.; παῖδα κ. κρήνην at each fount a boy, Lyr.Alex.Adesp.37.13, cf. POxy 2108.9 (iii A.D.).

2 of Time, καθ' ἡμέραν, κατ' ἦμαρ, day by day, daily, v. ἡμέρα 111; καθ' ἑνιαυτόν, κατ' ἔτος, Test.Epict.6.24, Ev.Luc.2.41, etc.;

κ. μῆνα POxy.275.18

(i A.D.).

3 of Numbers, by so many at a time, καθ' ἕνα one at a time, individually, Hdt.7.104 (later

τὸ καθ' ἕν

detailed list,

PTeb.47.34

(ii B.C.), etc.); κ. μίαν τε καὶ δύο by ones and twos, Hdt.4.113;

δύο μνέαι τεταγμέναι κατ' ἄνδρα αἰχμάλωτον ἕκαστον Id.6.79

;

ἐκ τῶν συμμάχων ἐξελέγετο κατ' ὀλίγους Id.8.113

; κ. τὰς πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι μνᾶς πεντακοσίας δραχμὰς εἰσφέρειν to pay 500 drachmae on every 25 minae, D.27.7;

κ. διακοσίας καὶ τριακοσίας ὁμοῦ τι τάλαντον διακεχρημένον

in separate sums of

200

and 300 drachmae, Id.27.11; of ships, κ. μίαν (sc. ναῦν) in column, Th.2.90;

κ. μίαν ναῦν ἐπιτάττειν Plb.1.26.12

, cf. Th.2.84: Geom., μετρεῖν, μετρεισθαι κατά.. , measure, be measured a certain number of times, Euc.7 Def.8,9,al.; μετρεῖν κ. τὰς ἐν τῷ Β μονάδας as many times as there are units in B, Id.7.16.

III of direction towards an object or purpose, πλεῖν κ. πρῆξιν on a business, for or after a matter, Od. 3.72, 9.253; πλάζεσθαι κ. ληΐδα to rove in search of booty, 3.106; κ.

ληΐην ἐκπλῶσαι Hdt.2.152

;

ἔβη κ. δαῖτα Il.1.424

;

ἐπιδημεῖν κατ' ἐμπορίαν IG22.141.32

, cf. Arist.Ath.11.1; κ. Χρέος τινὸς ἐλθεῖν come to seek his help, consult him, Od.11.479, etc.;

ἵεται κ. τὴν φωνήν Hdt.2.70

; κ. θέαν ἥκειν to have come for the purpose of seeing, Th.6.31;

κ. πλοῦν ἤδη ὤν Id.7.31

;

καθ' ἁρπαγὴν ἐσκεδασμένοι X.An.3.5.2

; κ. τί; for what purpose? why? Ar.Nu. 239.

2 of pursuit,

κ. πόδας τινὸς ἐλαύνειν Hdt.9.89

; simply κ. τινά after him, Id.1.84;

ἰέναι κ. τοὺς ἄλλους Id.9.53

; κατ' ἴχνος on the track, S.Aj.32, A.Ag. 695 (lyr.);

ὥσπερ κατ' ἴχνη κ. τὰ νῦν εἰρημένα ζῆν Pl.Phd. 115b

.

3 Geom., in adverbial phrases, κ. κάθετον in the same vertical line, Archim. Quadr.6; κατ' εὐθεῖάν τινι in the same straight line with.., Papp. 58.7.

IV of fitness or conformity, in accordance with,

κ. θυμόν Il.1.136

; καθ' ἡμέτερον νόον after our liking, 9.108;

κ. νόον πρήξωμεν Hdt.4.97

; κ. μοῖραν as is meet and right, Il.1.286; κατ' αἶσαν, κ. κόσμον, 10.445, 472;

κ. νόμον Hes.Th. 417

;

κὰν νόμον Pi.O.8.78

;

κ. τοὺς νόμους IG22.1227.15

; αἰτίαν καθ' ἥντινα for what cause, A.Pr. 228; κατ' ἔχθραν, κ. φθόνον, for (i.e. because of) hatred, envy, Id.Supp. 336, Eu. 686; καθ' ἡδονήν τι δρᾶν, ποιεῖν, do as one pleases, Th. 2.37,53;

κ. τὸ ἔχθος τὸ Θεσσαλῶν Hdt.8.30

, cf. 9.38; κ. φιλίαν, κατ' ἔχθος, Th.1.60, 103, etc.; κατ' ἄλλο μὲν οὐδέν, ὅτι δέ.. for no other reason but that.., Pl.Phdr. 229d; κ. δύναμιν to the best of one's power, Hdt.3.142, etc. ( κὰδ δ. Hes.Op. 336); κ. τρόπον διοικεῖν arrange suitably, Isoc.2.6,al.; κατ' εὐνοίην with goodwill, Hdt.6.108;

κ. τὰ παρηγγελμένα X.An.2.2.8

, etc.; in quotations, according to,

κατ' Αἰσχύλον Ar.Th. 134

;

κ. Πίνδαρον Pl.Phdr. 227b

, etc.

2 in relation to, concerning, τὰ κατ' ἀνθρώπους = τὰ ἀνθρώπινα, A.Eu. 930, 310;

τὰ κ. τὸν Τέλλον Hdt.1.31

; τὰ κ. τὴν Κύρου τελευτήν ib. 214; τὰ κ. πόλεμον military matters, Aeschin.1.181; αἱ κ. τὴν πόλιν οἰκονομίαι (opp. αἱ πολεμικαὶ πράξεις ) the management of public affairs, Din. 1.97;

τὰ κ. τὰς θυσίας SIG506.7

(Delph., iii B.C.); so τὸ κατ' ὑμέας as far as concerns you, Hdt.7.158; τὸ κατ' ἐμέ as far as I am concerned, D.18.247; κ. τοῦτο in this respect, Hdt.5.3, etc.; κ. ταὐτά in the same way, Id.2.20; καθ' ὅτι so far as, Th.1.82, etc.

3 in Comparisons, corresponding with, after the fashion of, κρομύοιο λοπὸν κ. like the coat of an onion, dub. in Od.19.233;

μέλος κ. Φοίνισσαν ἐμπολὰν πέμπεται Pi.P.2.67

; κ. Μιθραδάτην answering to the description of him, Hdt.1.121; τὴν ἰδέαν κ. πνιγέα like an oven in appearance, Ar.Av. 1001; κηδεῦσαι καθ' ἑαυτόν to marry in one's own rank of life, A.Pr. 890;

οὐ κατ' ἄνθρωπον φρονεῖν Id.Th. 425

;

λέγω κατ' ἄνδρα, μὴ θεόν, σέβειν ἐμέ Id.Ag. 925

; οὐ κατὰ σέ none of your sort, Chionid.1 (but ἵνα προσείπω σε κατὰ σέ to address you in your own style, Pl.Grg. 467c);

τὸ κατ' ἐμὲ καὶ οὐ κατ' ἐμέ Arr.Epict.1.28.5

;

οὐ κ. τὰς Μειδίου λῃτουργίας D.21.169

;

ἡ βασιλεία κ. τὴν ἀριστοκρατίαν ἐστί Arist.Pol. 1310b3

: freq. after a [comp] Comp.,

μέζων ἢ κατ' ἀνθρώπων φύσιν Hdt.8.38

, cf. Pl.Ap. 20e, etc.; μείζω ἢ κ. δάκρυα too great for tears, Th.7.75; ἤθεα βαθύτερα ἢ κ. Θρήϊκας morerefined than was common among the Thracians, Hdt.4.95.

V by the favour of a god, etc.,

κ. δαίμονα Pi.O.9.28

, cf. P.8.68;

κ. θεῖον Ar.Eq. 147

codd. (κ. θεὸν Cobet);

κ. τύχην τινά D.48.24

.

VI of round numbers (v. infr. v11.2), nearly, about,

κ. Χίλια ἑξακόσια ἔτεα 1600

years more or less, Hdt.2.145, cf. 6.44, al.; κατ' οὐδέν next to nothing, Pl.Plt. 302b.

VII of Time, during or in the course of a period,

κ. τὸν πόλεμον Hdt.7.137

; καθ' ἡμέραν, κατ' ἦμαρ, by day, A. Ch. 818, Ag. 668;

κατ' εὐφρόνην Id.Pers. 221

; κ. Χειμῶνα, κ. θερείαν, PLille 1r14 (iii B.C.), PTeb.27.60 (ii B.C.).

2 about,

κ. τὸν αὐτὸν τοῦτον Χρόνον Hdt.3.131

, etc.;

κ. τοὺς θανάτους τῶν βασιλέων Id.6.58

; esp. with names of persons, κ. Ἄμασιν βασιλεύοντα about the time of Amasis, Id.2.134;

κ. τὸν κ. Κροῖσον Χρόνον Id.1.67

; οἱ κατ' ἐκεῖνον (sc. τὸν Ἀλκιβιάδην)

ὑμέτεροι πρόγονοι D.21.146

(v.l. κατ' ἐκ. τὸν Χρόνον)

; κ. τοὺς Ἡρακλείδας X.Lac.10.8

; οἱ καθ' ἑαυτοὺς ἄνθρωποι their contemporaries, Id.Mem.3.5.10.

3 καθ' ἕτος this year, SIG 284.24 (Erythrae, iv B.C.), OGI458.64 (i B.C./iA.D.), CIG3641b5,38 ([place name] Lampsacus).

VIII periphrastically with abstract Subst., κατ' ἡσυχίην, κ. τάχος, = ἡσύχως, ταχέως, Hdt.1.9,7.178; κ. κράτος by force, X.HG2.1.19, etc.; κ. μέρος partially, Arist.Po. 1456a16; individually, severally, Pl.Tht. 157b, Lg. 835a; κ. φύσιν naturally, Hdt. 2.38, Pl.R. 428e; κ. τὴν τέχνην skilfully, Luc.DDeor.20.7; οὔτ' ἐμοὶ λέγειν καθ' ἡδονήν [ ἐστι] it is not pleasant for me to tell you, A.Pr. 263.

C Position: κατά may follow both its cases, and is then written with anastr. κάτα, as Il.20.221, etc.; so also in tmesi, when it follows its Verb, 17.91.

D abs. as ADV. in all the above senses, esp. like κάτω, downwards, from above, down, freq. in Hom.

E κατά in COMPOS.,

I downwards, down, as in

καταβαίνω, καταβάλλω, κατάκειμαι, καταπέμπω, καταπίπτω, καταπλέω 1

.

II in answer to, in accordance with, as in κατᾴδω ( occino), καταινέω, καταθύμιος.

III against, in hostile sense (cf. A.11.5), as in καταγιγνώσκω, κατακρίνω, καταψηφίζομαι: more rarely with a Subst., as καταδίκη.

IV back, back again, as in

κάτειμι, καταπορεύομαι, καταπλέω 11

.

V freq. only to strengthen the notion of the simple word, as in κατακόπτω, κατακτείνω, καταφαγεῖν, etc.; also with Substs. and Adjs., as in κατάδηλος, κάτοξος.

VI sts. to give a trans. force to an intr. Verb, our be-, as in καταθρηνέω bewail.

VII implying waste or consumption, as in καταλειτουργέω, καθιπποτροφέω, καταζευγοτροφέω: and generally in a disparaging sense, as in

καταγιγνώσκω 1

.

F κατά as a Prep. was shortd. in some dialects, esp. in [dialect] Ep., into κάγ, κάδ, κάκ, κάμ, κάν, κάπ, κάρ, κάτ, before γ, δ, κ, μ, ν, π (or φ) , ῥ, τ (or θ), respectively; see these forms in their own places. Mss. and the older Edd. join the Prep. with the following word, as καγγόνυ, καδδέ, κακκεφαλῆς, καππεδίον, καπφάλαρα, καρρόον, καττάδε, καττόν, etc. In compd. Verbs, κατά sts. changes into καβ, καλ, καρ, κατ, before β, λ, ρ, θ, respectively, as κάββαλε, κάλλιπε, καρρέζουσα, κάτθανε; and before στ, σχ, the second syll. sts. disappears, as in καστορνῦσα, κάσχεθε, as also in the [dialect] Dor. forms καβαίνων, κάπετον.

------------------------------------

κατά [(B)],

A = κατὰ τά, IG22.334.15; cf. κά. [full] κᾆτα, [dialect] Att. crasis for καὶ εἶτα, v. εἶτα sub fin. [full] κατάβα, for κατάβηθι, [tense] aor. 2 imper. of καταβαίνω.

πολλοστ-ός, ή, όν (formed from πολύς on the analogy of εἰκοστός, τριακοστός, etc.),

A far on in the ordinal series first, second, third, etc., π. ὢν Συρακοσίων καὶ τῷ γένει καὶ τῇ δόξῃ, i. e. far from the most eminent of the Syracusans, Isoc.5.65; κίνησις.. δευτέρα τε καὶ ὁπόσων ἀριθμῶν βούλοιτο ἄν τις ἀριθμεῖν αὐτὴν πολλοστὴν τοσούτων, i.e. infinitely less important, Pl.Lg. 896b; πότερον.. τὰ σκληρότατα.. ἢ.. τὰ πολλοστὰ σκληρότητι; things far down in descending order of hardness, Id.Phlb. 44e; αἱ π. ἡδοναί, opp. αἱ ἀκρόταται καὶ σφοδρόταται, ibid. Adv., δευτέρως καὶ -στῶς λέγοιντ' ἄν much less properly, opp. κυρίως, Arist.EN 1176a29; [

ὑγείας] πρώτως μὲν θεοί, δευτέρως δὲ ἢ καὶ π. ἄνθρωποι μεταλαμβάνουσιν Herm. in Phdr.p.90

A.; but τὸ π. εἰπεῖν using many alternative names for the same thing, D.H.Rh.11.9.

2 with ἀπό, remote, τρίται καὶ π. ἀπὸ [τῆς Νυκτός] Herm. in Phdr.p.144 A.;

ἀπὸ τῆς δημιουργίας Iamb. Myst.3.28

;

ἀπὸ τῆς οἰκείας ἀρχῆς Procl.Inst. 110

; ἀπὸ τῶν θεῶν, ἀπὸ τῆς ἀρχικῆς μονάδος, ib. 119, 181.

3 π. μέρος or μόριον, a fraction with one for numerator and with a large denominator, i. e. a small fraction,

π. τι μέρος And.2.8

, cf. X.Mem.4.6.7;

π. μόριον Th.6.86

: freq. with a neg.,

οὐδὲ [τὸ] π. μέρος Lys.14.46

, cf. Is.1.34;

μηδὲ πολλοστὸν ἐξευρίσκειν τινῶν Phld.Rh.1.210S.

4 of Time, π. ἔτει in the last of many years, i.e. after many years, Cratin.Jun.9; π. χρόνῳ after a very long time, Ar. Pax 559, D.24.196, 57.18, Men.329.

II in later Gr., = πολύς, πολλοστὸς ἔργοις one that has done a great deal, LXX 2 Ki.23.20, cf. Pr.5.19.

πολυ-ετής, ές,

A after many years,

π. σεσωσμένος E.Or. 473

;

π. μολεῖν Id.Hel. 651

(lyr.).

II lasting many years,

βίος OGI383.22

(Nemrud Dagh, i B.C.); ζωή, πόλεμοι, Ph.2.364, 1.677;

δουλεία Luc.Merc.Cond.17

;

χρόνος Sor.1.33

; full of years,

γῆρας LXX Wi.4.16

; old,

ἐλέφας Hld.10.25

;

οἶνος Dsc.2.76

; keeping for many years, of a remedy, Aët.9.24.

οὕνεκα, and (usu. before a vowel) [full] οὕνεκεν (first in Pi., v. infr.): relat. Conj. for οὗ ἕνεκα,

A on account of which, wherefore,

δὸς δ'.. ἐμὲ πρήξαντα νέεσθαι, οὕ. δεῦρ' ἱκόμεσθα Od.3.61

;

ἡ δ' Ἄτη σθεναρή τε καὶ ἀρτίπος, οὕ. πάσας.. ὑπεκπροθέει Il.9.505

;

οὕνεκεν τὸ πεποναμένον εὖ μὴ.. κρυπτέτω Pi.P.9.93

.

2 correlat. to τοὔνεκα, because, after

τοῦδ' ἕνεκα Il.1.111

; after

τῷ Od.13.332

: but usu. without any antec. expressed, Il.1.11, etc.;

οὕνεκ' ἄρα 7.140

, 11.79;

οὕ. δή 3.403

, cf. Pi. N.9.36, A.Supp. 639 (lyr.), Fr. 374, S.Ph. 586, al.;

οὕνεκα πιστὸς ἔφυς IG12.1017

;

οὕνεκεν πλεῖ τὴν θάλασσαν Herod.2.21

.

3 like ὅτι, that, i.e. the fact that, after

οἶδα Od.5.216

;

ἔγνω h.Ap. 376

;

ἐνόησε Od.7.300

;

ἐρέει 16.379

, cf. 330, 15.42;

τόδε.. νεμέσσα 23.214

: in Trag., after

ἴσθι S.Ph. 232

;

ἐννοεῖν Id.Ant.63

;

μαθεῖν Id.OT 708

;

αἰσθάνεσθαι Id.El. 1478

;

λέγειν E.IA 102

.

II οὕνεκα (in this sense rarely οὕνεκεν, Herod.1.84), as Prep. c. gen., = simple ἕνεκα, εἵνεκα, on account of, because of, sts. following its case, Sol.37.5: freq. in Trag., as A.Pr. 347, Ag. 823, S.Ph. 774, El. 387, al. (S. never uses ἕνεκα); whereas reversely in Call., A.R.4.1523, and even in h.Ven. 199, εἵνεκα, ἕνεκα (q. v.) are used for οὕνεκα, because.—It has been suggested that the [dialect] Ion. form εἵνεκα shd. be restd. for οὕνεκα, wherever it occurs as a Prep.; εἵνεκα occasionally occurs in Mss., as A.Supp. 188, Ar. Pax 210, Lys.74, Ec. 659: but οὕνεκα as a Prep. freq. occurs in Inscrr., IG12.802, 1037, 2.1334.11, etc.; οὕνεκεν χρόνου in respect of years, Poet. in PMich.Zen.77.9 (iii B. C.).—Poet. word, rare and late in [dialect] Att. Prose, IG2 l.c. (iii A. D.), f.l. in Th.6.56, D.49.36,53, 59.39.

ἐννέωρος (cf. ὧρος), [dialect] Ep. Adj.

A in the ninth season: hence,

1 Μίνως ἐννέωρος βασίλευε Διὸς.. ὀαριστής perh. at nine years old or after nine years, Od.19.179, cf. Apollon.Lex.; Pl.Min. 319b couples ἐ. ὀαριστής taking counsel with Zeus every ninth year.

2 nine years old, of the Aloidae, Od.11.311;

βοῦς 10.19

(unless, = πενταέτηρος, ὧρος meaning a season, i.e. half-year, cf. Arist.HA 575b6);

σίαλοι Od.10.390

;

ἄλειφαρ Il.18.351

. (Perh. = of full age, ἐννέα being taken as a round number, cf.Sch.Il.l. c.)

3 ([etym.] ὥρα) nine hours long,

νύκτες Herod.8.5

.

Grammatical information: num.

Meaning: `nine' (Il.);

Other forms: also hεννέα (Herakl.; after ἑπτά, ὁκτώ) ἐννῆ or -ή (Delph., Cyren. etc.; cf. Fraenkel Glotta 20, 88).

Compounds: As 1. member beside ἐννεα- (e. g. Hom. ἐννεά-βοιος) also older ἐνα-, Ion. εἰνα-, e. g. Hom. εἰνά-ετες adv. `nine years long', εἰνά-νυχες `nine nights long', ἐνα- ( εἰνα-)κόσιοι;

Derivatives: thus in deriv. ἔνα-τος `the ninth', Ion. εἴνατος, Argiv. Cret. ἤνατος, Aeol. ἔνοτος; εἰνάς f. `the ninth day' (Hes. Op. 810) beside ἐννεάς `number of nine ' (Theoc.); ἐνάκις ( εἰ-) `nine times' a. o.; - but ἐννῆμαρ `nine days long' (Α 53), s. Sommer Zum Zahlwort 28f., 33 and details, e. g. Boeot. ἐνακηδεκάτη and ἐνναετήρω (Hes. Op. 436); also Schwyzer 590f.. - On ἐνενήκοντα s. v.; to ἔνατος cf. δέκατος s. δέκα.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [318] *h₁n(e)u̯n̥ `nine'

Etymology: Beside Skt. náva, Lat. novem (with -m after decem, septem), Goth. niun, Lith. devynì, OCS devętь (with d- through dissimilation against -n- or after dẽšimt, desętь) etc., all from IE *h₁neu̯n̥, Gr. ἐννέ(Ϝ)α, *ἐνϜα- (*h₁n̥u̯n̥; from where εἰνα-, ἐνα- etc.) like Arm. inn (= inǝn, disyllabic) show forms beginning with vowel, IE *h₁neu̯n̥, *h₁nu̯n̥; unclear Thrac. ενεα (v. Blumenthal IF 51, 115). -A special problem presents the geminate in ἐννέα. Acc. to Ward Lang. 24, 50ff. caused by the length in ἑπτά, ὀκτω (improbable); acc. to Sommer Zum Zahlwort 27 *ἐν| Ϝα- changed *ἐ| νέϜα to *ἐν|| νέϜα (improbable). Diff. again Wackernagel KZ 28, 132ff. (= Kl. Schr. 1, 614ff.); thus Schwyzer 591. S. also Belardi Doxa 3, 204f. - Connection with `new', νέος is impossible because of the * h₁-. Wrong Szemerényi, Syncope 107-118 (who does not accept the laryngeal).

Page in Frisk: 1,519-520

χῑλῐετ-ηρίς, ίδος, ἡ,

A a period of a thousand years, title of a work by Asinius Quadratus, Suid. s.v. Κοδρᾶτος (cf.

χιλιαρχία 111

,

χιλιάς 11

).

2 festival held after an interval of a thousand years, Hierocl.Facet. 62.

Grammatical information: numer.

Meaning: `two'

Other forms: ep. eleg. also δύω, Lac. etc. also δύ(Ϝ)ε (after κύν-ε etc.), oblique forms δυοῖν (Att. δυεῖν since IV-III^a), δυῶν, δυοῖσ(ι), δυσί; also indeclinable ( Il.); see Schwyzer 588f.

Dialectal forms: Myc. dwo, duwoupi \/dwōuphi\/.

Compounds: As first member (beside usual δι-, s. δίς) e. g. in δυο-ποιός `making two' (Arist.), and in univerbations like δυο-καί-δεκα (Il. a. o.);

Derivatives: δυοστός `half' (Sch.), after εἰκοστός etc.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [228] *duu̯o, *duu̯-eh₃(?) `two'

Etymology: The final short of δύο also in Arm. erko-tasan `twelve' and in Skt. (Ved.) deriv. dva-ká- `in pairs' (Lat. duo is due to the Iambenkürzung). *duu̯o is also found in Goth. twa and wit `we two' and in OIr. da. (Cowgill, MSS 46 (1985) 13-28). δύο from δύω or *δύοι (= Skt. duvé, OCS dъvě f. n.) before vowel does not convince. Therefore δύο beside the dual δύω (= Skt. duvā́, OCS dъva m.) must be an old indeclinable. Beside IE *duu̯ō̆ and *duu̯ōu (in Skt. duváu) there was monosyllabic *du̯ō(u) in δ(Ϝ)ώ-δεκα, Arm. erku, Skt. dvā́(u), Hitt. dā- in dā-yuga- `two years old', dān `a second time'. See Wackernagel-Debrunner Aind. Gramm. 3, 341ff. and Cowgill l.c. who assumes *dúu̯o beside *duu̯ṓ (which was *duu̯eh₃(u), rather than *duu̯oh₁ with o-stem inflection).

Page in Frisk: 1,424-425

παιδίον, ου, τό (Hdt., Aristoph.+) dim. of παῖς (Reader, Polemo 274, w. ref. to Hippocr., Sept. 5 and Philo, Op. 105: a very young child ‘up to seven years’; B-D-F §111, 3; Mlt.-H. 345).

① a child, normally below the age of puberty, child

ⓐ very young child, infant, used of boys and girls. Of a newborn child (Diod S 4, 20, 3; Just., D. 34, 2 al. [after Mt 2:8f]; Tat. 33, 3) Lk 2:21 v.l. (eight days old, as Gen 17:12); J 16:21. Infants are fed honey, then milk B 6:17 (cp. Diod S 5, 70, 3 αὗται [αἱ Νύμφαι] δὲ μέλι καὶ γάλα μίσγουσαι τὸ παιδίον [τὸν Δία] ἔθρεψαν.—HUsener [at γάλα b]). Those who are born again have ὡς παιδίων τὴν ψυχήν a soul like that of newborn children B 6:11.—Mt 2:8, 9, 11, 13f, 20f; Lk 1:59, 66, 76, 80; 2:17, 27, 40; Hb 11:23 (cp. Ex 2:2f). GJs 20:3f; 21:3; 22:1 v.l. (for βρέφος); 22:2 v.l. (for παῖς).

ⓑ w. ref. to age (ApcEsdr 4:33, 35 p. 29, 9 and 12 Tdf. παιδίον … γέρων): Mt 18:2, 4f; Mk 9:36f; 10:15; Lk 9:47f; 18:17; 1 Cl 16:3 (Is 53:2). Pl. Mt 11:16; 19:13f; Mk 7:28; 10:13f; Lk 7:32; 18:16 (on Mk 10:14, 15 and parallels s. JBlinzler, Klerusblatt ’44, 90–96). γυναῖκες καὶ παιδία (Num 14:3; Jdth 7:23; 4 Macc 4:9; cp. Jos., Bell. 4, 115) Mt 14:21; 15:38. παιδία … πατέρες … νεανίσκοι 1J 2:14.—B 8:1ab. Of girls Mk 5:39–41; 7:30.

ⓒ w. ref. to relationship; the father is indicated by a gen. (μου as TestJob 39:12; cp. Epict. 4, 1, 141 σου; TestJob 4:5) J 4:49. Pl. Lk 11:7. The child indicated by a gen., w. the father ὁ πατὴρ τοῦ παιδίου Mk 9:24.

② one who is open to instruction, child, fig. ext. of 1 παιδία ταῖς φρεσίν children as far as the mind is concerned 1 Cor 14:20.—W. ref. to their attitude toward the truth (Artem. 2, 69 p. 162, 7: τὰ παιδία ἀληθῆ λέγει• οὐδέπω γὰρ οἶδε ψεύδεσθαι καὶ ἐξαπατᾶν) Mt 18:3.

③ one who is treasured in the way a parent treasures a child, child, fig. ext. of 1

ⓐ of the children of God Hb 2:13f (vs. 13 after Is 8:18, but understood in a NT sense).

ⓑ as a form of familiar address on the part of a respected pers., who feels himself on terms of fatherly intimacy w. those whom he addresses (Cornutus 1 p. 1, 1 ὦ π.; Athen. 13, 47, 584c) 1J 2:18; 3:7 v.l. Used by the risen Christ in addressing his disciples J 21:5.—B. 92. M-M. TW.

Πέτρος, ου, ὁ (ὁ πέτρος=‘stone’ Hom.+; Jos., Bell. 3, 240, Ant. 7, 142.—Π. as a name can scarcely be pre-Christian, as AMerx, D. vier kanon. Ev. II/1, 1902, 160ff, referring to Jos., Ant. 18, 156 [Niese did not accept the v.l. Πέτρος for Πρῶτος], would have it. But s. ADell [πέτρα 1b] esp. 14–17. Fr. the beginning it was prob. thought of as the Gk. equivalent of the Aram. כֵּיפָא= Κηφᾶς: J 1:42; cp. Mt 16:18 and JWackernagel, Syntax II² 1928, 14f, perh. formed on the analogy of the Gk. male proper name Πέτρων: UPZ 149, 8 [III B.C.]; 135 [78 B.C.]; Plut., Mor. 422d.—A gentile named Πέτρος in Damasc., Vi. Isid. 170. S. also the Praeses Arabiae of 278/79 A.D. Aurelius P.: Publ. Princeton Univ. Arch. Expedition to Syria III A, 1913, 4 no. 546) Peter, surname of the head of the circle of Twelve Disciples, whose name was orig. Simon. His father was a certain John (s. Ἰωάννης 4) or Jonah (s. Ἰωνᾶς 2). Acc. to J 1:44 he himself was from Bethsaida, but, at any rate, when he met Jesus he lived in Capernaum (Mk 1:21, 29). Fr. that city he and his brother Andrew made their living as fishers (Mk 1:16). He was married (Mk 1:30; cp. 1 Cor 9:5), but left his home and occupation, when Jesus called, to follow him (Mk 1:18; 10:28). He belonged to the three or four most intimate of the Master’s companions (Mk 5:37; 9:2; 13:3; 14:33). He stands at the head of the lists of the apostles (Mt 10:2; Mk 3:16; Lk 6:14; Ac 1:13). Not all the problems connected w. the conferring of the name Cephas-Peter upon Simon (s. Σίμων 1) have yet been solved (the giving of a new name and the reason for it: Plato [s. ὀνομάζω 1] and Theophrastus [Vi. Platonis 2 ln. 21 in Biog. p. 388 W.= Prolegom. 1 in CHermann, Pla. VI 196 Θεόφραστος, Τύρταμος καλούμενος πάλαι, διὰ τὸ θεῖον τῆς φράσεως Θ. μετεκλήθη]; CRoth, Simon-Peter HTR 54, ’61, 91–97). He was at least not always a model of rock-like (πέτρος is a symbol of imperturbability Soph., Oed. Rex 334; Eur., Med. 28 al.) firmness (note Gethsemane, the denial, the unsuccessful attempt at walking on water; his conduct at Antioch Gal 2:11ff which, though, is fr. time to time referred to another Cephas; s. KLake, HTR 14, 1921, 95ff; AVöllmecke, Jahrbuch d. Missionshauses St. Gabriel 2, 1925, 69–104; 3, 1926, 31–75; DRiddle, JBL 59, ’40, 169–80; NHuffman, ibid. 64, ’45, 205f; PGaechter, ZKT 72, ’50, 177–212; but s. HBetz, Gal [Hermeneia] p. 105f w. n. 442). Despite all this he was the leader of Jesus’ disciples, was spokesman for the Twelve (e.g. Mt 18:21; 19:27; Mk 8:27ff; Lk 12:41; 18:28) and for the three who were closest to Jesus (Mk 9:5); he was recognized as leader even by those on the outside (Mt 17:24). He is especially prominent in the pronouncement made Mt 16:18. Only in the Fourth Gospel does Peter have a place less prominent than another, in this case the ‘disciple whom Jesus loved’ (s. Hdb. exc. on J 13:23). In connection w. the miraculous events after Jesus’ death (on this ELohmeyer, Galiläa u. Jerusalem ’36; WMichaelis, D. Erscheinungen d. Auferstanden-en ’44; MWerner, D. ntl. Berichte üb. d. Erscheinungen d. Auferstandenen: Schweiz. Theol. Umschau ’44) Pt. played a unique role: 1 Cor 15:5; Lk 24:34; Mk 16:7. He was one of the pillars of the early church (Gal 2:9 [Κηφᾶς]). Three years after Paul was converted, on his first journey to Jerusalem as a Christian, he established a significant contact w. Peter: Gal 1:18. At least until the time described in Gal 2:1–10 (cp. Ac 15:7) he was prob. the head of the early Christian community/church. He was also active as a missionary to Israel Gal 2:8; cp. 1 Cor 9:5 (Κηφᾶς).—MGoguel, L’apôtre Pierre a-t-il joué un role personnel dans les crises de Grèce et de Galatie?: RHPR 14, ’34, 461–500.—In 1 Pt 1:1 and 2 Pt 1:1 he appears as author of an epistle. On Paul’s journey to Rome: Ἀρτέμων ὁ κυβερνήτης τοῦ πλοίου ἦν λελουμένος ὑπὸ Πέτρου Artemon, the ship’s captain, was baptized by Peter AcPl Ha 7, 20. It is probable that he died at Rome under Nero, about 64 A.D..—In the NT he is somet. called Σίμων (q.v. 1; in Ac 15:14 and 2 Pt 1:1 more exactly Συμεών=שִׁמְעוֹן); except for Gal 2:7f Paul always calls him Κηφᾶς (q.v.). Both names Σίμων Π. Mt 16:16; Lk 5:8; J 1:40; 6:8, 68; 13:6, 9, 24, 36; 18:10, 15, 25; 20:2, 6; 21:2f, 7b, 11, 15. Σίμων ὁ λεγόμενος Π. Mt 4:18; 10:2. Σίμων ὁ ἐπικαλούμενος Π. Ac 10:18; 11:13. Σίμων ὸ̔ς ἐπικαλεῖται Π. 10:5, 32.—Outside the NT it is found in our lit. GEb 34, 59; GPt 14:60 (Σίμων Πέτρος); ApcPt Rainer; GMary 463 (2 times); AcPt Ox 849 (4 times); 1 Cl 5:4 (Paul follows in 5:5); 2 Cl 5:3f (a piece fr. an apocr. gosp.); IRo 4:3 (Πέτρος καὶ Παῦλος); ISm 3:2=GHb 356, 39; Papias (2:4, w. other disciples; 15, w. Mark as his ἑρμηνευτής).—Zahn, Einl. II §38–44; KErbes, Petrus nicht in Rom, sondern in Jerusalem gestorben: ZKG 22, 1901, 1ff; 161ff (against him AKneller, ZKT 26, 1902, 33ff; 225ff; 351ff); PSchmiedel, War der Ap. Petrus in Rom?: PM 13, 1909, 59–81; HLietzmann, Petrus u. Pls in Rom² 1927; GEsser, Der hl. Ap. Petrus 1902; CGuignebert, La primauté de St. Pierre et la venue de Pierre à Rome 1909; FFoakes-Jackson, Peter, Prince of Apostles 1927; HDannenbauer, D. röm. Pt-Legende: Hist. Ztschr. 146, ’32, 239–62; 159, ’38, 81–88; KHeussi, War Pt. in Rom? ’36, War Pt. wirklich röm. Märtyrer? ’37, Neues z. Pt.-frage ’39, TLZ 77, ’52, 67–72; HLietzmann, Pt. röm. Märt.: SBBerlAk ’36, XXIX; DRobinson, JBL 64, ’45, 255–67; HSchmutz, Pt. war dennoch in Rom: Benedikt. Monatsschr. 22, ’46, 128–41.—On Mt 16:17–19 s., in addition to the lit. on κλείς 1 and πέτρα 1b: JSchnitzer, Hat Jesus das Papsttum gestiftet? 1910, Das Papsttum eine Stiftung Jesu? 1910; FTillmann, Jesus u. das Papsttum 1910; AKneller, ZKT 44, 1920, 147–69; OLinton, D. Problem der Urkirche ’32, 157–83; KPieper, Jes. u. d. Kirche ’32; AEhrhard, Urkirche u. Frühkatholizismus I 1, ’36.—JMunck, Pt. u. Pls in der Offenb. Joh. ’50 (Rv 11:3–13).—OCullmann, Petrus², ’60 (Eng. tr. Peter, FFilson², ’62), L’apôtre Pierre: NT Essays (TManson memorial vol.), ’59, 94–105; OKarrer, Peter and the Church: an examination of the Cullmann thesis, ’63; RO’Callaghan, Vatican Excavations and the Tomb of Peter: BA 16, ’53, 70–87; AvGerkan, D. Forschung nach dem Grab Petri, ZNW 44, ’52/53, 196–205, Zu den Problemen des Petrusgrabes: JAC ’58, 79–93; GSnyder, BA 32, ’69, 2–24; JGwynGriffiths, Hibbert Journal 55, ’56/57, 140–49; TBarnes, JTS 21, ’70, 175–79; GSchulze-Kadelbach, D. Stellung des P. in der Urchristenheit: TLZ 81, ’56, 1–18 (lit.); PGaechter, Petrus u. seine Zeit, ’58; EKirschbaum, The Tombs of St. Peter and St. Paul (transl. JMurray) ’59; EHaenchen, Petrus-Probleme, NTS 7, ’60/61, 187–97; SAgourides, Πέτρος καὶ Ἰωάννης ἐν τῷ τετάρτῳ Εὐαγγελίῳ, Thessalonike, ’66; DGewalt, Petrus, diss. Hdlbg, ’66; RBrown, KDonfried, JReumann edd., Peter in the NT, ’73; CCaragounis, Peter and the Rock (BZNW 58) ’89.—Pauly-W. XIX ’38, 1335–61; Kl. Pauly IV 674–76; BHHW III 1430f. LGPN I. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

ἕως (Hom.+)

① to denote the end of a period of time, till, until.

ⓐ as conjunction

α. w. the aor. ind. (Lysias 25, 26; Ps.-Demosth. 47, 58; Wsd 10:14; 1 Macc 10:50; Jdth 10:18; En 13:7; 102:10; PsSol 2:26; 4:10; SibOr 5, 528; Ar. 12, 2) ἕως ἐστάθη until it stood still Mt 2:9. ἕως ἦλθεν ὁ κατακλυσμός until the flood came 24:39.—Ac 19:10 D.

β. w. the aor. subj. and, as the rule requires (s. AFuchs, D. Temporalsätze mit d. Konj. ‘bis’ u. ‘so lange als.’ 1902), ἄν (X., An. 5, 1, 11; SIG 966, 11; 1207, 10; PPetr II, 40a, 28; POxy 1124, 7; Gen 24:14; 49:10; Ex 33:22; Lev 22:4 and oft. LXX; TestAbr B 7 p. 112, 2 [Stone p. 72]; TestJob 21:2; ParJer 2:3; ApcMos 26 p. 14, 7 Tdf.; Jos., Ant. 13, 400; Just., A I, 45, 1), to denote that the commencement of an event is dependent on circumstances: ἕως ἂν εἴπω σοι until I tell you Mt 2:13.—5:18 (AHoneyman, NTS 1, ’54/55, 141f), 26 (cp. SIG 731, 16ff ἕως ἂν ἀποδῷ); 10:23; 22:44 (Ps 109:1); Mk 6:10; 9:1; 12:36 (Ps 109:1); Lk 20:43 (Ps 109:1); 21:32; Ac 2:35 (Ps 109:1); 1 Cor 4:5; Hb 1:13; B 12:10 (the two last Ps 109:1).—Without ἄν (Soph., Aj. 555, Phil. 764; Polyb. 35, 2, 4; SIG 976, 79; UPZ 18, 10 [II B.C.]; PGrenf II, 38, 16 [I B.C.]; POxy 531, 6; 1125, 15; 1159, 21; Sir 35:17; Tob 14:5 BA; En 10:12, 17; TestSol 15:10; ParJer 5:14; GrBar 11:2; SibOr 5, 217; Just. D. 39, 6): Mt 10:23 v.l.; 18:30; Mk 14:32; Lk 15:4 and 22:34 (both v.l. ἕως οὗ); 2 Th 2:7; Js 5:7; Hb 10:13; Rv 6:11.

γ. w. the pres. ind. (cp. Plut., Lycurg. 29, 3) ἕως ἔρχομαι until I come J 21:22f; 1 Ti 4:13; Hs 5, 2, 2; 9, 10, 5f; cp. 9, 11, 1.

δ. w. the fut. ind. (cp. PHolm 26, 7; Jdth 10:15) in a text-critically doubtful pass. (B-D-F §382, 2; Rob. 971f; 976) ἕως ἥξει ὅτε εἴπητε (ἥξει ὅτε is lacking as v.l.) until (the time) comes when you say Lk 13:35.

ⓑ used as prep. (appears first at the end of the IV cent. B.C. [Schwyzer II 550]) until, up to (Aristot. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; pseudepigr., also SibOr 5, 57; 118)

α. w. gen. of a noun or an equivalent expr. (SIG 588, 64 [196 B.C.] ἕ. τοῦ τ. συνθήκης χρόνου; OGI 90, 16 ἕ. τοῦ πρώτου ἔτους; BGU 1128, 8 [14 B.C.]; oft. LXX; TestAbr A 20 p. 103, 23 [Stone p. 54]) ἕ. τῆς ἡμέρας (Jdth 12:14; 1 Esdr 4:55; 1 Macc 13:39) Mt 27:64; Lk 1:80. ἕ. τῆς ἡμέρας ἐκείνης (Jdth 1:15) Mt 26:29; Mk 14:25. ἕ. τ. ἡμ. ταύτης (4 Km 17:23; 1 Macc 8:10; 13:30; 1 Esdr 8:73; Bar 1:13; ApcMos 13 p. 7, 1 Tdf.) 1 Cl 11:2. ἕ. ὥρας ἐνάτης Mk 15:33; Lk 23:44. ἕ. τῆς πεντηκοστῆς 1 Cor 16:8. ἕ. τῆς σήμερον (sc. ἡμέρας) Mt 27:8 (Just., D. 134, 5). ἕ. τέλους until the end 1 Cor 1:8 (JosAs 12:3); ἕ. αἰῶνος forever (1 Ch 17:16; Sir 24:9; 44:13; Jdth 13:19; 1 Esdr 8:82; PsSol 18:11; TestJob 34:4) Hv 2, 3, 3. Of someone’s age or a period of life ἕ. ἐτῶν ὀγδοήκοντα τεσσάρων until the age of 84, prob.= until she was now 84 years old (so Goodsp., Probs. 79–81) Lk 2:37 (cp. Jos., Ant. 5, 181). Used w. proper names (Polyb. 2, 41, 5; Diod S 1, 50, 6) ἕ. Ἰωάννου up to the time of John Mt 11:13. ἕ. Σαμουήλ Ac 13:20. In such cases, as well as in others, ἕ. often looks back to a preceding ἀπό: from … to (Bar 1:19; 1 Esdr 8:73; Sir 40:1; 1 Macc 16:2; 3 Macc 6:38 al.; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 18 Jac.): ἀπὸ Ἀβραὰμ ἕ. Δαυίδ Mt 1:17a. ἀπὸ τ. βαπτίσματος Ἰωάννου ἕ. τῆς ἡμέρας Ac 1:22. ἀπὸ τ. ἕκτης ὥρας ἕ. ὥρας ἐνάτης Mt 27:45 (cp. SIG 736, 109 [92 B.C.] ἀπὸ τετάρτας ὥρας ἕ. ἑβδόμας; 1 Esdr 9:41). ἀπὸ πρωὶ̈ ἕ. ἑσπέρας Ac 28:23 (cp. Jos., Ant. 6, 364).—ἕ. τοῦ νῦν until now (Ps.-Lucian, Halc. 4; SIG 705, 44f [112 B.C.]; UPZ 122 [157 B.C.]; Gen 15:16; 18:12; Num 14:19; 1 Macc 2:33) after ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς Mt 24:21; Mk 13:19 (cp. BGU 1197, 8 [4 B.C.] ἕως τ. νῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐννεακαιδεκάτου ἔτους Καίσαρος; Ezk 4:14). ἀπὸ Δαυὶδ ἕ. τ. μετοικεσίας Βαβυλῶνος to the Babylonian exile Mt 1:17b.—As here, a historical event forms the boundary (cp. 1 Esdr 5:71; ParJer 3:11) in ἕ. τ. τελευτῆς Ἡρῴδου 2:15.—W. the articular inf. (on the acc. with it s. B-D-F §406, 3) ἕ. τοῦ ἐλθεῖν αὐτὸν εἰς Καισάρειαν until he came to Caesarea Ac 8:40 (s. SIG 588, 93f; Gen 24:33; 28:15; 1 Macc 3:33; 5:19; Polyb., Joseph. [B-D-F §403]); but s. also 3a below.

β. w. gen. of the relative pron. (οὗ or ὅτου) in the neut.

א. ἕ. οὗ until (Hdt. 2, 143; Plut. et al.; LXX; En; TestAbr; TestJob 24:4; in local mng. SIG 495, 101) w. aor. ind. (Judg 3:30; 4:24 B; 4 Km 17:20; Tob 1:21; 2:4, 10; Jdth 10:10; 15:5; JosAs 10:2, 19; Jos., Ant. 10, 134) Mt 1:25; 13:33; Lk 13:21; Ac 21:26. W. aor. subj. (BGU 1209, 8 [23 B.C.]; PRyl 229, 14 [38 A.D.]; Judg 5:7 B; Ps 71:7; Jdth 6:5, 8; TestAbr B 2 p. 107, 3 [Stone p. 62]; ParJer 9:3; GrBar 13:5; ApcMos 31 p. 17, 10 Tdf.) Mt 18:34; Lk 15:4 v.l., 8; 22:18; 24:49; Ac 25:21; 2 Pt 1:19. After neg.=until, before Mt 17:9; J 13:38; Ac 23:12, 14, 21.

ב. ἕ. ὅτου until w. aor. ind. (Diod S 19, 108, 3; 3 Km 10:7; 11:16; Da 2:34; 7:4) J 9:18. W. aor. subj. (POxy 1061, 16 [22 B.C.]; 1 Km 22:3; 2 Esdr 14:5) Lk 12:50; 13:8; 15:8 v.l.; 22:16, 18 v.l.

γ. w. adv. of time (JosAs 10:17 ἕ. πρωί̈; Ath. 22, 6 ἕ. νῦν) ἕ. ἄρτι until now (s. ἄρτι 3), Mt 11:12; J 2:10; 5:17; 16:24; 1J 2:9; 1 Cor 4:13; 8:7; 15:6. ἕ. σήμερον (Sir 47:7) 2 Cor 3:15. ἕ. πότε; how long? (Ps 12:2, 3; 2 Km 2:26; 1 Macc 6:22; ApcSed 12:1f) Mt 17:17ab; Mk 9:19ab; Lk 9:41; J 10:24; Rv 6:10.

② to denote contemporaneousness, as long as, while

ⓐ conj. w. ind. (Hom.+; Jdth 5:17) in our lit. only the pres. (Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 53 §218 ἕως χειμάζουσιν and ibid. ἕως Πομπήιος ἡγεῖται=while Pompey imagines; Jos., Bell. 7, 347; Just., D. 4, 4 ἕ. ἐν τῷ σώματί ἐστιν ἡ ψυχή) ἕ. ἡμέρα ἐστίν while it is day J 9:4 (v.l. ὡς. On this interchange s. LRadermacher, Philol. 60, 1901, 495f; B-D-F §455, 3); 12:35f v.l.; ἕ. αὐτὸς ἀπολύει τ. ὄχλον while he himself dismissed the crowd Mk 6:45. ἕ. ὑπάγουσιν while they were on their way Mt 25:10 D; ἕ. ἔτι ἔχομεν while we still have 2 Cl 16:1 (cp. Pla., Phd. 89c ἕ. ἔτι φῶς ἐστιν, Parmen. 135d ἕ. ἔτι νέος εἶ; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 32 §127 ἕως ἔτι δύνασαι; PEleph 14, 24 [223 B.C.]; Sir 33:21 ἕως ἔτι ζῇς).

ⓑ conj. w. subjunctive (PTebt 6, 42 [140 B.C.] ἕως … μένωσι; Dio Chrys. 27 [44], 5 ἕως ἂν … φέρῃ=‘as long as’; Appian, Numid. 4 §2) Mk 14:32; Lk 17:8.

ⓒ in a few cases ἕως also has this sense when functioning as prep. with the gen. of the rel. pronoun in the neut. while ἕ. οὗ (Jos., Ant. 3, 279 [ἔχουσι]) w. subj. Mt 14:22; 26:36 (but s. Burton, MT §325 and Zwaan §314).—ἕ. ὅτου (SSol 1:12) w. ind. Mt 5:25.

③ marker of limit reached, as far as, to, funct. as prep.

ⓐ w. gen. of place as far as, to (Polyb. 3, 76, 2; Diod S 1, 27, 5; SIG 588, 32 [196 B.C.] ἕ. θαλάσσης; 1231, 12 ἀπὸ … ἕως; PTebt 33, 5 [112 B.C.]; LXX; En 21:1; 22:6; PsSol 15:10; TestAbr A 5 p. 82, 12f [Stone p. 12]; TestJob 20:6; GrBar 2:5; 11:8; JosAs 16:14; Jos., Bell. 1, 512; Mel., HE 4, 26, 14 ἕ. τοῦ τόπου …, ἔνθα) ἕ. Φοινίκης Ac 11:19. ἕ. Ἀντιοχείας vs. 22; ἕ. Βηθλεέμ Lk 2:15. ἕ. οὐρανοῦ, ᾅδου Mt 11:23; Lk 10:15 (ApcEsdr 4:32 p. 29, 8 Tdf.). ἕ. τῆς αὐλῆς Mt 26:58; cp. Lk 4:29. ἕ. ἐσχάτου τ. γῆς (Is 48:20; 62:11; 1 Macc 3:9; PsSol 1:4) Ac 1:8. ἕ. τρίτου οὐρανοῦ 2 Cor 12:2 (ApcSed 2:4). ἀπὸ … ἕ.: ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν ἕ. δυσμῶν Mt 24:27. ἀπʼ ἄκρων οὐρανῶν ἕ. ἄκρων αὐτῶν vs. 31 (cp. Dt 30:4). ἀπʼ ἄκρου γῆς ἕ. ἄκρου οὐρανοῦ Mk 13:27 (cp. Jdth 11:21).—Also w. gen. of a pers., who is in a certain place (Aelian, VH 3, 18 ἕ. Ὑπερβορέων; 4 Km 4:22; 1 Macc 3:26) ἦλθον ἕ. αὐτοῦ Lk 4:42. διελθεῖν ἕ. ἡμῶν Ac 9:38. Prob. Ac 8:40 also belongs here (s. above 1bα end); then a pass. like Gen 10:19 would be comparable.

ⓑ w. adv. of place (LXX) ἕ. ἄνω (2 Ch 26:8) to the brim J 2:7. ἕ. ἔσω right into Mk 14:54. ἕ. κάτω (Ezk 1:27; 8:2 looking back to ἀπό) ἀπʼ ἄνωθεν ἕ. κάτω fr. top to bottom Mt 27:51; Mk 15:38 (cp. ἀπὸ ἔσω ἕω ἔξω TestSol 18:15 P). ἕ. ὧδε (Gen 22:5; 2 Km 20:16; 3 Km 18:45; Ar. 17, 1) ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τ. Γαλιλαίας ἕ. ὧδε Lk 23:5.

ⓒ w. a prep. or another adv. ἕ. πρός (Polyb. 3, 82, 6; 12, 17, 4; Gen 38:1; Ezk 48:1) ἕ. πρὸς Βηθανίαν as far as B. Lk 24:50 (for the v.l. ἕ. εἰς Β. cp. Polyb. 1, 11, 14; Diod S 1, 27, 5; Aelian, VH 12, 22; Dt 31:24; 4 Km 2:6; PsSol 2:5; Jos., Ant. 16, 90). ἕ. καὶ εἰς even into Ac 26:11. ἕ. ἔξω τῆς πόλεως 21:5. ἕ. ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν Ac 17:14 (cp. 1 Macc 5:29; 3 Macc 7:18 A; PsSol 17:12; ἕ. ἐπὶ πολύ TestSol 7:2).

④ marker of order in a series, up to ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τῶν ἐσχάτων ἕ. πρώτων Mt 20:8. ὁ δεύτερος καὶ ὁ τρίτος ἕ. τῶν ἑπτά 22:26. ἀπὸ μικροῦ ἕ. μεγάλου small and great (Bar 1:4; 1 Macc 5:45; Jdth 13:4) Ac 8:10; Hb 8:11 (Jer 38:34).—J 8:9 v.l.

⑤ marker of degree and measure, denoting the upper limit, to the point of ἕ. ἑπτάκις (4 Km 4:35; cp. TestSol 5:8 ἕ. ἑπτά; ApcSed 16:4 ἕ. εἴκοσι) as many as seven times Mt 18:21f; cp. vs. 22. ἕ. ἡμίσους τῆς βασιλείας μου (Esth 5:3; 7:2) Mk 6:23. οὐκ ἔστιν ἕ. ἑνός (cp. PTebt 56, 7 [II B.C.] οὐκ ἔχομεν ἕ. τῆς τροφῆς τῶν κτηνῶν ἡμῶν=‘we do not even have enough to feed our cattle’; Leontios, Vi. Joh. [ed. HGelzer 1893] 66, 21ff οὐ … ἕως ἑνὸς νομίσματος=‘not even a single coin’; cp. PRossGeorg III, 3, 22 ἕως δραχμῶν ἕκατον) there is not even one Ro 3:12 (Ps 13:3). ἐᾶτε ἕ. τούτου stop! No more of this Lk 22:51 (ἕ. τούτου=‘to this point’ Aristot., HA 9, 46; Polyb. 9, 36, 1; cp. 2 Km 7:18). ἕ. θανάτου unto death (Antig. Car. 16; Sir 34:12; 51:6; 4 Macc 14:19; JosAs 29:3): contend (Sir 4:28; cp. OGI 266, 29 [III B.C.] μαχοῦμαι ἕως ζωῆς καὶ θανάτου) 1 Cl 5:2. περίλυπός ἐστιν ἡ ψυχή μου ἕ. θανάτου Mt 26:38; Mk 14:34 (cp. Jon 4:9 σφόδρα λελύπημαι ἐγὼ ἕ. θανάτου).—DELG s.v. 2 ἕω. EDNT. New Docs 4, 154. M-M.

ὅλος, η, ον(Pind.+ [Hom. and Hes. have the Ion. οὖλος]) in the NT never in attributive position, mostly predicate (W-S. §20, 12a; B-D-F §275, 2; 4; Rob. 774, cp. 656)

① pert. to being complete in extent, whole, entire, complete

ⓐ used w. a noun that has no art., somet. preceding it, somet. coming after it: ὅλ. οἴκους whole families Tit 1:11. ὅλ. ἄνθρωπον ὑγιῆ ἐποίησα I have healed a man’s whole body J 7:23.—ἐνιαυτὸν ὅλ. for a whole year Ac 11:26. διετίαν ὅλ. for two full years 28:30.—διʼ ὅλης νυκτός the whole night through Lk 5:5; J 21:6 v.l. (Appian, Liby. 134 §636; Lucian, Ver. Hist. 1, 29; Just., D. 1, 4.—SIG 1171, 6 διʼ ὅλης ἡμέρας; cp. Jos., Ant. 6, 37, Vi. 15 διʼ ὅλης τῆς νυκτός; InsPriene 112, 98 διὰ τοῦ χειμῶνος ὅλου). Likew. w. names of cities without the art. ὅλη Ἰερουσαλήμ all Jerusalem Ac 21:31.

ⓑ used w. a noun that has the art.

α. coming before the noun: ὅλ. ἡ περίχωρος ἐκείνη Mt 14:35; cp. GJs 8:3; AcPl Ha 8, 30. ὅλ. ἡ χώρα ἐκείνη Mk 6:55. ὅλ. ἡ πόλις 1:33. ὅλ. τὸ σῶμά σου Mt 5:29f; 6:22f. ὅλ. ὁ βίος Lk 8:43. [ἐφʼ] ὅλον τὸν οἶκον Ac 7:10. ὅλ. τὴν ἡμέραν the whole day (through) (Jos., Ant. 6, 22) Mt 20:6; Ro 8:36 (Ps 43:23); 10:21 (Is 65:2). ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ἰσχύος ἡμῶν with all our strength 1 Cl 33:8. εἰς ὅλην τὴν Γαλιλαίαν Mk 1:39; εἰς ὅλον τὸν κόσμον Hs 9, 25, 2 (ὅλ. ὁ κόσμος: Wsd 11:22; Aristobulus in Eus., PE 13, 12, 9 [Denis 224, 4; Holladay 176, 5]; EpArist 210; ApcEsdr 1:11 p. 25, 4 Tdf.). ἡ πίστις ὑμῶν καταγγέλλεται ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ κόσμῳ Ro 1:8 (on the hyperbole cp. PLond 891, 9 ἡ εὐφημία σου περιεκύκλωσεν τὸν κόσμον ὅλον). ὅλον τὸ πλῆθος AcPl Ha 4, 20.

β. after the noun ὁ κόσμος ὅλ. Mt 16:26; Lk 9:25; 1J 5:19; AcPl Ha 3, 7 (TestJob 33:4; Just., D. 127, 2). τὸ συνέδριον ὅλ. Mt 26:59; τὸ σῶμά σου ὅλ. Lk 11:36a; ἡ οἰκία αὐτοῦ ὅλ. J 4:53; ἡ πόλις ὅλ. Ac 21:30; ἡ οἰκουμένη ὅλ. Rv 3:10.

γ. The noun can also be supplied fr. the context ἕως οὗ ἐζυμώθη ὅλον (i.e. τὸ ἄλευρον) until (the) whole (batch of flour) was leavened Mt 13:33; Lk 13:21. ἔσται φωτεινὸν ὅλον (i.e. τὸ σῶμά σου) Lk 11:36b.—Sim. the subst. ptc. ἔστιν καθαρὸς ὅλος (ὁ λελουμένος) (the one who has bathed) is clean all over J 13:10.

② pert. to a degree of completeness, wholly, completely, w. a pron. σὺ ὅλος you altogether, wholly J 9:34. τοῦτο ὅλον all this Mt 1:22; 21:4 v.l.; 26:56. ὅλον ἑαυτὸν ἐπιδείξας exposed himself completely (to the lion) AcPl Ha 4, 29.—W. a prep. διʼ ὅλου throughout, through and through (Philo Mech. 60, 25; POxy 53, 10; 1277, 8; PGM 5, 154) J 19:23 (cp. New Docs 3, 63, no. 26).

③ everything that exists, everything, subst. neut. pl. (3 Macc 6:9; EpArist 201; TestAbr A 20 p. 103, 27 [Stone p. 54]; ApcMos, Philo, Joseph., Just., Tat., Ath.) [ὁ τῶν ὅλ]ων δεσπότης Ox 1081, 36 (as TestAbr A, s. above; ApcMos 37; Jos., Ant. 1, 72; Tat. 5, 1; cp. Just., D. 140, 4). ὁ θεὸς ὁ τῶν ὅλων ὁ παντοκράτωρ AcPlCor 2:9. ὁ … δεσπότης καὶ δημιουργὸς τῶν ὅλων Dg 8:7.—Cp. πᾶς, s. Schmidt, Syn. IV 549. B. 919. DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.

πολυετής

after many years: masc /fem /neut gen sg (attic epic doric)